OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hybrid grass

Hybrid grass or reinforced natural grass is a product created by combining natural lawn grass with reinforcing synthetic fibres. It is used for stadiums and training pitches used for association football, rugby, gridiron football and cricket. Reinforced natural grass can also be used for events and concerts. The synthetic fibres incorporated into the rootzone make the grass stronger and more resistant to damage.
A first generation of hybrid grass appeared in the 1990s. Grass roots were allowed to intertwine with a mix of soil and synthetic fibres as they grew. Three main methods exist to insert synthetic fibres in the root zone. The first is to inject fibres in the sand with a tufting machine.
The second method is to mix fibres, cork and sand in an automated plant and to install it afterwards on the pitch. The system was created by a laboratory at the Arts et Métiers ParisTech.
The third method is to put a carpet or mat with woven or tufted fibres on the surface, then to brush in sand or sand mixes to keep the fibres in an upright position and finally to seed grass mixtures on top. The natural grass roots through the mat and stabilizes the system. These systems are called carpet-based hybrid grass solutions.
# Carex typhina

Carex typhina, often called the cattail sedge, is a rare species of Carex known to grow in wetlands. It is native to North America.

## Conservation status

It is listed as a special concern species in Connecticut, possibly extirpated in Maine, threatened in Massachusetts, Michigan, and New York (state), and endangered in Pennsylvania.

## Physical description

Carex Typhina can grow to heights of 30 to 80 centimeters with a reddish-brown hue at the base of the stem. Their heads feature multiple erect spikes
# Cryptophasa russata

Cryptophasa russata is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1877. It is found in New Guinea and Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland and New South Wales.
The wingspan is about 50 mm. The forewings are shining ferruginous with the costal border snow white. The base, outer border, outer half of the inner border, and a streak from the outer border through the discocellulars to the centre of the discoidal cell are all slaty greyish. The hindwings are pale ferruginous.
# Katya Martín

Katya Martín (born Katya Martín Gullans) is a Spanish-American actor, producer, writer and director. She is best known for her portrayal of Juana Sánchez in the ABC's family drama television series Promised Land, and has been featured as guest star in shows as MGM+'s Godfather of Harlem, BBC One's Roadkill as well as Showtime's The Affair. In 2022, it was announce that Martín was the lead role in the Indie Feature Film, The Death That Awaits.

## Early life

Martín was born in Southern California, but grew up in Valencia, Spain. She speaks Spanish, English, French, and Italian and reflects a new generation of multicultural and multilingual artist in the United States. In 2015, Martín was chosen as one of 14 actors from a pool of over 3,000 to be a part of ABC Discovers: Talent Showcase, and it was featured in a presentation that took place at the New World Stages in New York City.

## Other projects

Besides her acting career, Martín has also ventured into producing, writing, and directing, creating videos and branded content for a range of organizations including Vogue, Red Bull, Target, Credo Beauty, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, The Brooklyn Museum, and CLAIM. Her collaboration with Alvin Ailey to commemorate International Women's Day and Judy Chicago's art installation, The Dinner Party was highlighted in Elle magazine.

## Selected filmography

Film roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2015 | My First Miracle | Angelica | Main Role |
Television roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2018 | The Affair | Lily | Episode: Episode 10 |
| 2020 | Roadkill | Zoe Downs | Episode: Episode 2 |
| 2022 | Promised Land | Juana Sánchez | Main role |
| 2022 | Big Sky | Skylar Sharpe | Episode: "A Thin Layer of Rock" |
| 2023 | Godfather of Harlem | Marina | Episode: "Angel of Death" |
# Jabour (Rio de Janeiro)

Jabour is a region of Rio de Janeiro, recently officially recognized as a neighborhood.
# John Killick

Sir John Edward Killick GCMG (18 November 1919 – 12 February 2004) was a British diplomat who was ambassador to the Soviet Union, and later ambassador to NATO.

## Background

John Edward Killick was born at Isleworth in 1919. He was educated at Latymer Upper School, University College, London, and Bonn University. He served in the British Army during World War II, first in the Suffolk Regiment, and later in the 1st Airborne Division in which he commanded the 89th Field Security Section (Intelligence Corps) at Arnhem. He was captured by the Germans, and after release in 1945 he commanded the intelligence corps unit at Siegen.

## Career

Kilick joined the Foreign Office in 1946 and served with the Allied High Commission in Germany 1948–51, at Berlin, Frankfurt and Bonn. He was private secretary to the Parliamentary Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office 1951–54, served at the embassy in Addis Ababa 1954–57, then attended the Canadian National Defence College (then located with the Canadian Land Forces Command and Staff College) 1957–58. He served in the Western European department at the Foreign Office 1958–62, attended the Imperial Defence College 1962–63, then was Head of Chancery at the embassy in Washington, D.C., 1963–68, and Assistant Under-Secretary at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) 1968–71.
Killick was appointed Ambassador at Moscow in September 1971. Shortly after he arrived, the British government expelled 90 Russian intelligence officers, and Killick had to deal with the difficult Anglo-Soviet relations that followed. He returned to London 1973–75 as deputy to the Permanent Under-Secretary at the FCO, Sir Thomas Brimelow, and also Britain's Permanent Representative on the Council of the Western European Union. He was Permanent Representative to the North Atlantic Council (the governing body of NATO) 1975–79. In March 1979, after the murder of a bank employee near Killick's home in a Brussels suburb, it was reported that Killick had been the intended target of the Irish Republican Army.
After retiring in 1980, Killick and his wife, Lynette, moved to her home country of South Africa, where he was a director at Dunlop from 1980 to 1985. He returned to England after her death in 1984, and served as president of the Great Britain Atlantic Committee and the Atlantic Treaty Association.

## Personal life and death

Killick was married to Lynette du Preez from 1948 until her death in 1984. The following year, he married Monica Harries Easton, a fellow retired diplomat; they lived in Southborough, Kent, until her death in 1995.
In 1998, Killick suffered a stroke. He died from pneumonia at Kent and Sussex Hospital in Royal Tunbridge Wells on 12 February 2004, aged 84.

## Honours

Killick was appointed CMG in the New Year Honours of 1966, knighted KCMG in the Queen's Birthday Honours of 1971 and raised to GCMG in the Birthday Honours of 1979.
Sir John Killick Road, built on the former Joint Services School of Intelligence site in Ashford, Kent, is named after him.
# Howard Lovewell Cheney

Howard Lovewell Cheney FAIA (1889–1969) was an American architect and engineer. He designed Washington National Airport and the Miami Beach Post Office (1937). He was a fellow with the American Institute of Architects.

## Life and career

Cheney was born in Chicago, Illinois in 1889. He studied at the Armour Institute of Technology and the University of Illinois. He worked for the Public Buildings Branch of the U.S. Treasury Department from 1934 to 1942; and for the University of Illinois from 1938 to 1940 and again from 1946 to 1948.
He designed the Federal Building (Gary, Indiana) as well as Federal Buildings in Peoria, Illinois and New Orleans. He designed the Federal Building and Court of Peace for the 1939 World's Fair. He designed the First Church of Christ, Scientist at 2410 Fairfield Ave in Fort Wayne Indiana, which was built in 1927, and later converted into the Karpeles Manuscript Library Museum. He designed the original Washington National Airport building and was supervising architect for the construction of the Chicago Tribune Tower in Chicago. He also designed the Palladium at St. Petersburg College.

## Works

* F. Edward Hebert Federal Building (1939) on Camp Street in New Orleans. Art Deco architecture
* C.A. Johnson Residence in Highland Park, Illinois
* Federal Building at the New York World's Fair
* Sixteenth Church of Christ, Scientist – a contributing property to the North Shore Historic District in St. Petersburg, Florida
* Unidentified residence with Bernard C. Greengard in Evanston, Illinois
* West Town State Bank in Chicago, Illinois
* Washington National Airport (1940)
* Miami Beach Post Office at 13th Street, north-west corner (1938–39)
* Federal Building and U.S. Courthouse (Peoria, Illinois) (1938), a limestone and granite building in Art Deco architecture / Art Nouveau architecture / Art Moderne architecture. Three stories and 118,000 square-feet. Bas reliefs by Freeman L. Schoolcraft
* Stockyards Post Office on Halsted in Canaryville, Chicago
* U.S. Post Office (Gary, Indiana) (constructed 1936 and abandoned 1970s)
# Cerro de Arcos

The Cerro de Arcos (English: Hill of arches) is a windswept rock formation in the high páramo of the Ecuadorian southern sierra. It is situated on the border between the provinces El Oro and Loja, on the elevated plain between the Cordillera de Chilla and the Cordillera de Timbayacu at an altitude of 3,700 m (12,140 ft).
The rock formation features towers, columns, and several of the eponymous arches formed by wind and weather erosion. The formation covers an area of about 300 m$^2$ (3,200 sq ft).
Nearby populated places are Bellavista and Sabadel and the nearest villages or small towns are Zaruma and Manu.
# PALAIOS

PALAIOS is a bimonthly academic journal dedicated to the study of the impact of life on Earth history, combining the fields of palaeontology and sedimentology. It has been published by the Society for Sedimentary Geology since its inception in 1986. Although not an acronym, the title PALAIOS is capitalized.
# Package (UML)

A package in the Unified Modeling Language is used "to group elements, and to provide a namespace for the grouped elements". A package may contain other packages, thus providing for a hierarchical organization of packages.
Pretty much all UML elements can be grouped into packages. Thus, classes, objects, use cases, components, nodes, node instances etc. can all be organized as packages, thus enabling a manageable organization of the myriad elements that a real-world UML model entails.

## Usage

When organizing functional models (use case models, workflow models etc.), use packages to model the real-world modular structure of the system being modeled. When organizing source code, use packages to represent the different layers of the source code. For instance:
* presentation layer
* controller layer
* data access layer
* integration layer
* business services layer
When organizing component models, use packages to group the components according to ownership and/or reuse possibilities. For instance:
* commercial-off-the-shelf products
* open-source framework components
* custom-built framework components
* custom-built application components
When organizing deployment models, use packages to represent the different types of deployment environments that you will be modeling. For instance:
* production environment
* pre-production environment
* integration test environment
* system test environment
* development environment
# Injection seeder

Injection seeders are devices that direct the output of small "seed" lasers into the cavity of a much larger laser to stabilize the latter's output. Most seed lasers are stable, single-frequency lasers that emit within the linewidth of the larger laser's gain medium. The single frequency encourages the larger laser to lase in a single longitudinal mode, and the seed laser can also improve the laser's spatial profile and improve the M$^2$ parameter. Seed lasers can be continuous or pulsed. Seeding a pulsed laser can reduce variations in the output energy and timing (jitter) from pulse to pulse, and smooth out temporal variations within the pulse. Many commercial lasers use a laser diode as a seeding source.
# Kavaklıçiftlik, Laçin

Kavaklıçiftlik is a village in the Laçin District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 146 (2022).
# John Holdsworth (referee)

John Holdsworth (25 January 1947 – 17 February 2023) was a rugby league referee from Kippax, West Riding of Yorkshire, England.

## Career

Holdsworth took charge of matches during the 1980s and 1990s, and was the referee for Wigan's 36–14 victory over Warrington in the 1990 Challenge Cup Final during the 1989–90 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 28 April 1990.

## International referee

Holdsworth refereed a number of international Test matches during his career. His first international came on 20 March 1980 when England defeated Wales 17–4 at Boothferry Park in Hull. His last test as a referee was at the Stade d'Albert Domec in Carcassonne, France on 21 November 1993 in a game which saw New Zealand defeat hosts France 36–11 as part of the Kiwis 1993 tour of Great Britain and France.

## Death

Holdsworth died on 17 February 2023, at the age of 76.
# John Killough Stewart

John Killough Stewart was a businessman and philanthropist in Queensland, Australia.

## Early life

John Klllough Stewart was born on 27 January 1867 in Brisbane, the son of Alexander Stewart, a clothing manufacturer, and his wife Anne (née Killough).
His father Alexander Stewart was well known as the owner of the Glen Lyon estate in Ashgrove and was in partnership with William Hemmant in a wholesale clothing manufacture business.

## Business life

In the 1890s, William Hemmant retired and John Stewart entered into partnership with his father. This business was converted into a limited liability company in 1905.
John Stewart was a member of the council of the Royal National Association between 1897 and 1908, and served a term as vice-president and acting chairman. He also was a member of the National Political Association. In 1916 he joined the board of directors of the Union Trustee Company of Australia Ltd. After four years as vice-chairman he was elected chairman in 1926, and held that position until his death.

## Public life

He was actively associated with the Brisbane Chamber of Commerce between 1898 and 1927. In 1910 he was appointed by the Queensland Government as a member of the University of Queensland Senate, relinquishing the position in 1916.
John Stewart took an active part in the work of the Wickham Terrace Presbyterian Church, and subsequently in that of St Andrew's Presbyterian Church in Creek Street. He was the treasurer of the church for some time, and was elected to the committee of management in 1897. He became an elder of the church in 1907. Mr. Stewart, was a member of the Young Men's Christian Association for about 30 years, and had been elected a life member. He was on the board of directors for about 16 years, and a vice president for eight years. He was a generous supporter of the association, and made it passible to establish a permanent camp at Burleigh Heads.

## Hobbies

John Stewart was a life member of the Brisbane Cricket Association, and had been a member of the Brisbane Golf Club and the Toowong Bowling Club. For some years Mr. Stewart lived at Grantuly on the Glen Lyon estate.
In 1908, John Stewart and his Humber won the Prize for the Best Turned Out Car at the Motor Gymkhana held by the Queensland Automobile Club at the Brisbane Cricket Ground.

## Later life

Between 1927 and 1932 he lived with his two sons, who were farming at Toogoolawah.
Mr. John Killough Stewart died on 20 March 1938 at the age of 71 years in Brisbane. He was survived by his wife, his two sons and two daughters.
# Greg Christopher

Greg Christopher is the current athletic director for Xavier University. He was previously the athletic director at Bowling Green State University from 2006 to 2013. Christopher was an associate athletic director at Purdue University, joining the department in 1997.
Prior to college athletics, Christopher was in the media industry, with NBC, a radio station group and then serving as the executive director for the Society for Professional Journalists.
Christopher is a native of West Lafayette, Indiana and graduated from West Lafayette High School in 1984. He attended Miami University in Ohio and received a bachelor's degree in mass communication in 1988, and an MBA in 1991.
# Nanos Research

Nanos Research (previously SES Research) is a Canadian public opinion and research company that was established in 1987 by Nik Nanos.
For the 2004 Federal Election, the company launched a publicly available nightly tracking program, the first of its kind in Canadian election history.
# Pacific Coast Harmony

Pacific Coast Harmony (PCH) is the San Diego, California, chapter of the Barbershop Harmony Society. The mixed-gender chorus sings in the a cappella style known as barbershop music. In its origin, PCH was an all-male chorus, placed 19th overall at the chorus competition at the Society's international convention in Indianapolis in 2006, and placed 22nd in Portland in 2012 and Las Vegas in 2017. In 2019, Pacific Coast Harmony converted to mixed-gender membership, and is currently directed by Sweet Adelines member Bonnie McKibben.
# Class 91

Class 91 may refer to:
* British Rail Class 91
* DRG or DR Class 91 2-6-0T tank locomotives with the Deutsche Reichsbahn:
** Class 91.0-1: Prussian T 9.2, BLE Nos. 36 to 43, PKP Class TKi2
** Class 91.3-18: Prussian T 9.3
** Class 91.19: Mecklenburg T 4
** Class 91.20: Württemberg T 9
* KTM Class 91
* South African Class 91-000
* CFR (Romanian Railways) Class 91 (now reclassified as class 98 )
# Hyder Seaplane Base

Hyder Seaplane Base (IATA: WHD, FAA LID: 4Z7) is a state owned, public use seaplane base located one nautical mile (2 km) southeast of the central business district of Hyder, a community in the Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility. It shares its airspace with the nearby Stewart Aerodrome and Stewart Water Aerodrome and its water runway in the Portland Canal exists on the Canada–United States border.

## Facilities and aircraft

Hyder Seaplane Base has one seaplane landing area designated N/S with a water surface measuring 10,000 by 1,000 feet (3,048 x 305 m). For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2006, the airport had 105 aircraft operations, an average of 8 per month: 95% air taxi and 5% general aviation.
There are two floats for seaplanes, one along the shoreline and another within a protected cove with a concrete launch ramp. The floats are shared with vessels that dock at the base.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Taquan Air | Ketchikan |
The Hyder Seaplane Base uses Pacific Time Zone for e.g. flight schedule as is done in western Canada and in general in Hyder, but different from the rest of Alaska which uses Alaska Time Zone.
# Per Pålsson

Per Pålsson (16 September 1828 – 4 February 1914), also called Kitte-Pelle, was a Swedish murderer convicted for the murder of Hanna Pålsdotter. Per Pålsson was in the end pardoned and instead of having to face the death penalty was sentenced to life imprisonment. He served time at Örkelljunga prison, Varberg Fortress and finally Malmö central prison. He was finally pardoned fully and released on 31 May 1868.

## Early life

Per Pålsson was born in Östra Tockarp, Örkelljunga.

## Life of crime

The first time Per Pålsson was convicted for a crime was in 1846, he was at that time 18 years old and stood accused of a number of thefts in Örkelljunga and Vedby. He was sentenced to 10 days imprisonment and to work for the local church in Örkelljunga. The second time Per Pålsson was caught in an act of crime was in 1848. He had then committed a number of thefts in the southern parts of Åsbo and stolen a number of knives and 288 buttons from a Per Månsson in Kyrkolycke. In May Per Pålsson was sentenced to 24 days imprisonment for the crimes.
Hanna Pålsdotter was born on 2 September 1847 in Lemmeshult. He died on 24 December 1868 during a robbery gone wrong, ending in Hanna being shot. The Härads court sentenced Pålsson on 21 May 1853 for the robbery and murder of Hanna Pålsdotter, and he was sentenced to Uppenbar kyrkoplikt, to be whipped and to the death penalty by decapitation. His sentence was in the end reversed to imprisonment, obligatory church duties and life imprisonment on 11 August 1853.
However, on 31 May 1868, he was fully pardoned and released from prison. He died on 4 February 1914.

## In media

A book by Christine Billing, Helene Ehriander, January Garpenhus and Helena Holmkrantz, called Ödes julen i Lemmeshult 1868 covering the murder and its aftermath was published in 1985.
# John Holdsworth

John Holdsworth may refer to:
* John Holdsworth (referee), rugby league referee
* John Holdsworth (priest), Anglican archdeacon
* John Holdsworth (rugby union), Australian rugby union player
# Massacre Canyon Inn

Massacre Canyon Inn may refer to:
* Gilman Hot Springs (1963–1978)
* Gold Base (1978–present)
# Nalón (comarca)

Nalón is one of 8 comarcas, administrative divisions of Asturias, which is a province and an autonomous community in Spain. It has 83.000 inhabitants. The Nalón valley was an important point during the 19th and 20th centuries thanks to the siderurgy and mining industry.
The comarca of Nalón is divided into five municipalities (in Asturian Conceyos). From south to north they are (in each case giving the Spanish-language name, followed by the Asturian, if different):
* Caso (Casu)
* Sobrescobio (Sobrescobiu)
* Laviana (Llaviana)
* San Martín del Rey Aurelio (Samartín del Rei Aureliu)
* Langreo (Llangréu)
43°14′12″N 5°31′49″W﻿ / ﻿43.23667°N 5.53028°W﻿ / 43.23667; -5.53028
* This article about a location in the Principality of Asturias, Spain, is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Courval

Courval is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Rodgers No. 133 in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada, Courval had a population of 5 in the Canada 2006 Census.

## Climate

Climate data for Courval :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7 (45) | 15 (59) | 20.5 (68.9) | 29 (84) | 37 (99) | 41 (106) | 38.5 (101.3) | 39.5 (103.1) | 36 (97) | 33 (91) | 21 (70) | 10.5 (50.9) | 41 (106) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.8 (18.0) | −5 (23) | 2.6 (36.7) | 12.3 (54.1) | 19.1 (66.4) | 23.4 (74.1) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26 (79) | 19 (66) | 11.6 (52.9) | 0.8 (33.4) | −6.9 (19.6) | 10.1 (50.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.9 (8.8) | −10.3 (13.5) | −2.5 (27.5) | 5.3 (41.5) | 11.9 (53.4) | 16.4 (61.5) | 18.7 (65.7) | 18.3 (64.9) | 11.8 (53.2) | 5 (41) | −4.2 (24.4) | −12.1 (10.2) | 3.8 (38.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) | −15.5 (4.1) | −7.6 (18.3) | −1.7 (28.9) | 4.7 (40.5) | 9.3 (48.7) | 11.2 (52.2) | 10.6 (51.1) | 4.6 (40.3) | −1.6 (29.1) | −9.1 (15.6) | −17.3 (0.9) | −2.5 (27.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41 (−42) | −41 (−42) | −32.5 (−26.5) | −21 (−6) | −9 (16) | −3.5 (25.7) | 2.5 (36.5) | −0.5 (31.1) | −8.5 (16.7) | −23.5 (−10.3) | −33 (−27) | −43 (−45) | −43 (−45) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.5) | 12.8 (0.50) | 19.3 (0.76) | 21.1 (0.83) | 50.6 (1.99) | 65.5 (2.58) | 54.4 (2.14) | 41.8 (1.65) | 35 (1.4) | 19.2 (0.76) | 13 (0.5) | 17.2 (0.68) | 372.8 (14.68) |
| Source: Environment Canada ||||||||||||||
# John Tarbell

Not to be confused American military officer and Mississippi Supreme Court judge Jonathan Tarbell
John M. Tarbell is an American biomedical engineer, currently a CUNY and Wallace Coulter Distinguished Professor at City College of New York.
He graduated from Rutgers University, and University of Delaware.