OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# TSX Venture Exchange

The TSX Venture Exchange is a stock exchange in Canada. It is headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, with offices in Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal. All trading through the Exchange is done electronically, so the Exchange does not have a "trading floor". It was previously known as the Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX), but in 2001 the TSX Group (now known as the TMX Group) purchased it and renamed it.
The TMX Group also owns the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). The Toronto Stock Exchange is the senior equity market, while the TSX Venture Exchange is a public venture capital marketplace for emerging companies.
As of November 2010, the TSX Venture Exchange had 2,364 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of $60,811,203,235.

## History

The Canadian Venture Exchange was created in Canada on November 29, 1999 as a result of an agreement among the Vancouver, Alberta, Toronto and Montreal exchanges to restructure the Canadian capital markets along the lines of market specialization.
The CDNX was created by the merger of the Vancouver Stock Exchange (VSE) and the Alberta Stock Exchange (ASE). The focus of the CDNX was junior companies, i.e., those whose assets, business and market capitalization were too small to be listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). Often, these were resource exploration companies, but also came to include new high technology ventures. The exchange had its corporate headquarters in Calgary, Alberta, and its Operations headquarters in Vancouver, British Columbia, with additional offices in Toronto and Montreal. The small-cap portion of the equities market of the Bourse de Montréal (MSE) was also merged into CDNX at this time.
The Winnipeg Stock Exchange merged into the CDNX, and trading on WSE securities ceased Nov 24 2000, and eligibile listings were transferred to CDNX on Nov 27 2000.
# Muddy Water (Trace Adkins song)

"Muddy Water" is a song recorded by American country music artist Trace Adkins. It was released in August 2008 as the first single from his eighth studio album, X. The song was written by Monty Criswell and Rick Huckaby.

## Background

Adkins said of the song, "That has haunted me -- because it just spoke to me. I related to it. That's the way my life is."

## Critical reception

Leeann Ward of Country Universe gave the song a 'B' grade, writing that Adkins "sings this song of redemption with power, but does not cross the line of vocal theatrics" and "the production accurately presents the swanky southern rock sound that one might imagine from a song with its title."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Trey Fanjoy and premiered in October 2008. Stephen Baldwin stars in the video. The church where the video was filmed, the Bethlehem United Methodist Church in Clarksville, Tennessee, was destroyed by a fire in July 2009.

## Chart performance

"Muddy Water" debuted at number 45 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for the week of August 23, 2008.
| Chart (2008) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 22 |
| US Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 | 9 |
# José Antonio Maravall

José Antonio Maravall Casesnoves (1911 in Xàtiva – 1986 in Madrid) was a Spanish historian and essayist associated with the Generation of '36 movement.

## Biography

Maravall studied philosophy and law at the University of Murcia, where he completed his final degree in political science and economics at the Central University, where he was a student of Jose Ortega y Gasset. He became a university professor in Spain and abroad. Maravall was head of the department at the University of La Laguna and the Complutense University of Madrid. He also became a member of the Real Academia de la Historia and the president of the Spanish Association of Historical Sciences.
In Francoist Spain Maravall avoided some of the more politically sensitive topics of his work. He wrote poetry during this period, and co-founded the Nueva Revista ("New Magazine") literary review with José Antonio Muñoz Rojas and Leopoldo Panero.
Maravall's work on Spanish history is considered foundational, and he is one of the highest authorities on the Old Regime of Monarchist Spain. In 1987, he received the National Essay Prize given by the Spanish Ministry of Culture. The University of Toulouse granted Maravall an honorary degree in recognition of his work.
His son, José María Maravall, was Education Minister in the first government of Felipe González in 1982.

## Works
### Books

* Carlos V y el pensamiento político del Renacimiento
* Concepto de España en la Edad Media (1954)
* Las comunidades de Castilla: Una primera revolución moderna. Madrid: Revista de Occidente. 1963. OCLC 2182035.
* La cultura del Barroco. Análisis de una estructura histórica (1975).
** Translated by Terry Cochran as Culture of the Baroque: Analysis of a Historical Structure, University of Minneapolis Press, 1986.
* Utopia y contrautopia en el Quijote (1976)
** Translated by Robert W. Felkel as Utopia and Counterutopia in the Quixote, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1991.
* Poder, honor y elites en el s. XVII (1979)
* Utopía y reformismo en la España de los Austrias (1982)
* El humanismo en las armas de Don Quijote (1948)
* Estudios de Historia del pensamiento español (1984)
* La literatura picaresca desde la historia social (1986)

### Articles

* Hacia el hombre (Revista de occidente, 1935)
# Piotrowice

Piotrowice may refer to:
* Piotrowice - Ochojec, a district of the city of Katowice (S Poland)
* Piotrowice (Katowice), a part of Piotrowice-Ochojec district of Katowice (S Poland)
* Piotrowice, Jawor County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Piotrowice, Kłodzko County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Piotrowice, Legnica County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Piotrowice, Polkowice County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Piotrowice, Strzelin County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Piotrowice, Środa Śląska County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Piotrowice, Lublin County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Piotrowice, Łowicz County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Piotrowice, Sieradz County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Piotrowice, Puławy County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Piotrowice, Ryki County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Piotrowice, Oświęcim County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Piotrowice, Proszowice County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Piotrowice, Otwock County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Piotrowice, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
* Piotrowice, Radom County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Piotrowice, Leszno County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Piotrowice, Słupca County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Piotrowice, Lubusz Voivodeship (west Poland)
* Piotrowice, Nidzica County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Piotrowice, Nowe Miasto County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Piotrowice, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
# Paulista River

The Paulista River is a river of Bahia state in eastern Brazil.
# Nestor P. Eaton House

The Nestor P. Eaton House, at 313 McCutcheon Ave. in Socorro, New Mexico, dates from around 1893. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
It is a one-story brick building, with a flat-roofed front porch supported by three chamfered posts.
# Charles Egan

Charles Egan may refer to:
* Charles Egan (1911/12–1993), owner of the Charles Egan Gallery
* Charles M. Egan (1877–1955), American attorney and Democratic party politician
* Charlie Egan (born 1959), former Australian international football (soccer) player
# Merostomata

Merostomata is a class of chelicerate arthropods that contains the extinct Eurypterida (sea scorpions) and the extant Xiphosura (horseshoe crabs). The term was originally used by James Dwight Dana to refer to Xiphosura only, but was emended by Henry Woodward to cover both groups.

## Etymology

The name "Merostomata" derives from the Greek roots μηρός (meros, "thigh") and στόμα (stoma, "mouth"), in reference to the animals' possession of appendages which are mouthparts at their proximal end, but swimming legs at their distal end.

## History

The scientific consensus at the beginning of the 20th century was that these two marine groups were closely related, and only more distantly related to the terrestrial Arachnida. Some more recent analyses suggest the grouping Merostomata is not monophyletic, with Xiphosura being basal to a clade comprising Eurypterida and Arachnida. Other recent analyses support the monophyly of this group. The Xiphosura are estimated to have diverged from the Arachnida 480 million years ago.
The shared features of the two groups traditionally grouped in the Merostomata are now thought to be retentions of primitive conditions (symplesiomorphies), thus the name Merostomata has been recommended to be abandoned.
However, a 2022 analysis recovered the monophyly of Merostomata, as opposed to a monophyletic Arachnida, with Xiphosura as the only modern representative in a derived position, indicating the convergence of several characteristics that supposedly united the arachnids.
# Iddrisu Zakari Alidu

Iddrisu Zakari Alidu is a Ghanaian politician and an MP for Walewale. He is a member of the National Democratic Congress.(NDC).

## Early life and education

Zakari was born on 6 March 1956 in Janga his hometown in the Northern Region of Ghana. He attended the University of Education, Winneba where he graduated with his Bachelor of Education in Accounting and also attend Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA) located at Achimota in Accra for his Executive Masters in Governance and Leadership(EMGL) in 2008.

## Career

Zakari is a teacher by profession.

## Political life

Zakari was elected on the ticket of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) to represent the Walewale constituency after winning with 11,355 votes during the 2004 Ghanaian general election. He had a total of 35.30% of all votes cast during the 2004 elections and won to represent the Walewale constituency. He contested again and won in the 2008 Ghanaian general election which gave him the opportunity to represent his constituency for the second time.

## Personal life

He is married with nine children and is a Muslim.
# TS Class 1

TS Class 1 was a series of twelve trams built by Hannoversche Waggonfabrik for Trondheim Sporvei. Eleven trams were delivered for the opening of the Trondheim Tramway in 1901, while a single tram built by was delivered in 1903. These were numbered 1–12. In 1904, four unpowered trailers were delivered by HaWa and numbered 20–24.
Each of the two Siemens motors had a power of 15 kW (20 hp). They had a single compartment, with outdoor platforms at each end. They made up part of the old 2.0 m (6 ft 7 in) wide trams, with benches along the length of the cars. In 1916, one tram was rebuilt to a trailer, followed by five more in 1922 and another five in 1930. One tram was converted to a welding vehicle in 1922, while the last tram was kept as a heritage tram, and is still preserved at Trondheim Tramway Museum. As trailers, the trams were renumbered 50 and 55–63. All the trailers were scrapped in 1947–56.
# Rhaebobates

Rhaebobates is a genus of spiders in the family Thomisidae. It was first described in 1881 by Tamerlan Thorell. As of 2017, it contains 2 species, both from New Guinea.
# José Antonio Mari

José Antonio Marí Alcaraz-Garcia (born 23 October 1988) is a swimmer from Spain.

## Personal

Mari was born in Valencia. He has a mild physical disability. In 2012, he lived in San Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona.

## Swimming

Mari is an S10 classification swimmer. He is affiliated with theanish Federation of Sports for the Physically Disabled (FEDDF).
Mari competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. In 2010, he competed at the Tenerife International Open. He competed at the 2010 Adapted Swimming World Championship in the Netherlands, where he won three silver medals. In advance of the competition, he attended a swimming camp with the national team that was part of the Paralympic High Performance Program (HARP Program). He competed at the 2011 IPC European Swimming Championships in Berlin, Germany, where he finished first and set a European record in the 100m freestyle.
In 2012, Mari competed at the Paralympic Swimming Championship of Spain by Autonomous Communities. From the Catalan region of Spain, he was a recipient of a 2012 Plan ADO scholarship. He competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics, and earned a bronze in the 50 meter S10 freestyle race. He competed at the 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships.
In 2018, he competed in the men's 100 metre freestyle S10 event at the 2018 Mediterranean Games held in Tarragona, Spain.
# John Claypole of Northborough

John Claypole was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1654. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War.

## Biography

Claypole was the son of Adam Claypole of Lolham Hall, Maxey, Northamptonshire, and his wife Dorothy Wingfield, daughter of Robert Wingfield, of Upton, near Castor, Northamptonshire and his wife Elizabeth Cecil, who was sister to William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley. His name was spelt in a great variety of ways, including Cleypole, Cleypoole, Chappole, Clappoole, Claipol, and Claypole.
In 1637 Claypole was summoned as a gentleman before the Star Chamber, and the attorney-general was ordered to begin a prosecution against him for refusing to pay ship money. He declared for the Parliament at the start of the Civil War in 1643, and in 1644, he was appointed one of their assessors for the county of Northampton.
In 1654, Claypole was elected Member of Parliament for Northamptonshire in the First Protectorate Parliament. . He may have been High Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1655, as major-general William Boteler recommends him to John Thurloe, in a letter to him, dated 16 November.
Claypole was created a baronet by the Protector on 16 July 1657. Also in 1657, he was made a commissioner with his son, for levying the taxes upon the county of Northampton; to distinguish them, he is called "John Claypole, esq. senior", and his son "Lord Claypole".

## Family

Claypole married Mary Angell, the daughter of a wealthy London merchant. They had fourteen children, one of whom was John (1625–1688) who married a daughter of Oliver Cromwell. James (1634–1687) another son, became a merchant, emigrated to Pennsylvania becoming a prominent member of the colony.
# Neunkhausen

Neunkhausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a community belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde – in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## Geography

The community lies in the Westerwald between Limburg and Siegen on the boundary with North Rhine-Westphalia. Neunkhausen belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Bad Marienberg, a kind of collective municipality. Its seat is in the like-named town.

## History

In 1215, Adelheit von Molsberg endowed the parish of Kirburg to found a monastery. On the spot, which is still called Zum Altenkloster (“At the Old Monastery”), a chapel brings the past to mind. It nowadays belongs to the Ortsgemeinde of Neunkhausen. For the monks living there then, the rough climate on the Neunkhäuser Plateau, as it was known, was too harsh. They moved to a spot on the river Nister where they built the Marienstatt Monastery.
In 1259, Neunkhausen had its first documented mention. All statistics and information about Neunkhausen in the Middle Ages stem from the Marienstatt Monastery's documents.

## Politics
### Municipal council

The municipal council is made up of 16 council members who were elected in a majority vote in a municipal election on 13 June 2004.

### Coat of arms

The community's arms show both its membership of the parish of Kirburg and the lion of the County of Sayn. The chapel in the lower field symbolizes the old monastery as well as the St.Wendelinuskapelle. This chapel had its first documented mention in 1447. It was found on what is today Neunkhausen's fountain square and was endowed by the Counts of Sayn. It stood until 1822.

## Economy and infrastructure

South of the community runs Bundesstraße 414, leading from Driedorf-Hohenroth to Hachenburg. The nearest Autobahn interchange is Haiger/Burbach on the A 45 (Dortmund–Hanau), some 25 km away. The nearest InterCityExpress stop is the railway station at Montabaur on the Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed rail line.
# Mala, Lanzarote

Mala is a village in the municipality of Haría on Lanzarote in the province of Las Palmas in the Canary Islands. Its population in 2012 was 533.
The village's economy is based around tourism and agriculture (principally rearing of cochineal beetles in fields of opuntia cactus).
Its nearest neighbours are the villages of Guatiza and Charco del Palo, both about 3 km away. Mala is served by two regular bus routes between Lanzarote's capital Arrecife and the north of the island (Órzola and Máguez).
# Chionanthus porcatus

Chionanthus porcatus grows as a tree up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 50 centimetres (20 in). The bark is white or dark grey. The flowers are greenish yellow or white. Fruit is black, ellipsoid, up to 6.5 centimetres (3 in) long. The specific epithet porcatus is from the Latin meaning 'ridged', referring to the fruit. Habitat is forests from sea-level to 650 metres (2,000 ft) altitude. C. porcatus is endemic to Borneo.
# OSX (disambiguation)

OS X is a former name of Apple's operating system macOS.
OSX or OS X may also refer to:
* DC/OSx, 1980s-era Unix operating system by Pyramid Technology
* Old Saxon (ISO 639-3 language code), an early form of Low German
* OSX, a Brazilian shipbuilding company, part of the EBX Group
* OS-X series, a series of sounding rockets built by OneSpace
* Xalapa Symphony Orchestra, from an acronym for its Spanish name Orquesta Sinfónica de Xalapa
# Paul Green (engineer)

Paul Eliot Green, Jr. (January 14, 1924 – March 22, 2018) was an American electrical engineer who researched spread spectrum and radar technology. He was the son of playwright Paul Green.

## Biography

Green was born in Chapel Hill, North Carolina on January 14, 1924. Green majored in physics at the University of North Carolina. He also served in the Naval ROTC and continued in the Navy Reserve for many years, eventually retiring as a lieutenant commander. He received a master's degree in electrical engineering from North Carolina State University in 1948. His masters studies focused on cryptographic research, and were followed by Ph.D. from M.I.T. (1953) on a thesis on spread spectrum, supervised by Wilbur Davenport, Robert Fano and Jerome Wiesner. This involved co-creating the Rake receiver (with Robert Price) and supervision of its deployment in a first-ever spread-spectrum system, the Lincoln F9C (1950).
Following his studies, Green and Price (at MIT Lincoln Laboratory), attempting to bounce radar waves off the planet Venus (1958). With Gordon Pettengill, he worked out a theory of range-Doppler mapping that was used on the Magellan probe mapping of Venus' surface twenty years later. He also designed the LASA (Large Aperture Seismic Array) for earthquake prediction, first deployed in Montana and Norway (at NORSAR) in 1963.
In 1969, Green became head of IBM Research, communications dept., involved in the Systems Network Architecture, in particular, the Advanced peer-to-peer networking protocol. Since 1988 he headed the optical communications (focusing on wavelength division multiplexing) research group that was acquired by Tellabs company where he worked 1997-2000. Since his retirement, he had lobbied for expanded public access to broadband technology. He died at his home in Chapel Hill, North Carolina on March 22, 2018.

## Publications

Green published extensively during his career; major works include Fiber Optic Networks (1992) and Fiber to the Home: The New Empowerment (2005). Since 1981 he authored around 300 CommuniCrostics crosswords in the IEEE Communications Magazine, published as a book in 2008.
* Fiber Optic Networks, 1992
* Fiber to the Home: The New Empowerment, 2005
* CommuniCrostics, 2008

## Honors

* Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (1962).
* Aerospace pioneer award (1980).
* Elected to the National Academy of Engineering (1982).
* Simon Ramo medal (1991).
* IEEE Communications Society president (1992–93).
* SIGCOMM Award (1994).
# Taekwondo at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's 68 kg

The men's 68 kg competition of the taekwondo events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place on the 16 of October at the CODE II Gymnasium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Diogo Silva of the Brazil, while the defending Pan American Championship, champion is Peter López of Peru.

## Schedule

All times are Central Standard Time (UTC-6).
| Date | Time | Round |
| October 16, 2011 | 11:00 | Preliminaries |
| October 16, 2011 | 12:30 | Quarterfinals |
| October 16, 2011 | 17:00 | Semifinals |
| October 16, 2011 | 18:00 | Final |

## Results
### Legend

* PTG — Won by Points Gap
* SUP — Won by Superiority
* OT — Won on over time (Golden Point)
* WDR — Withdrawn

### Main bracket

| Preliminary round | Preliminary round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Gold medal match | Gold medal match |
| Diogo Silva (BRA) | 8 | | | | | | |
| Nicholos Dusard (JAM) | 5 | Diogo Silva (BRA) | 4 | | | | |
| Terrence Jennings (USA) | 13 | Terrence Jennings (USA) | 6 | | | | |
| Danny Mirands (VEN) | 11 | | | Terrence Jennings (USA) | 7 | | |
| Luis Colon (PUR) | 2 | | | Jhohanny Jean (DOM) | 9 | | |
| Federico Rosal (GUA) | 14 | Federico Rosal (GUA) | 3 | | | | |
| Jhohanny Jean (DOM) | 3 | Jhohanny Jean (DOM) | 9 | | | | |
| Erick Osornio (MEX) | 2 | | | | | Jhohanny Jean (DOM) | 8 |
| Siddhartha Bhat (CAN) | | | | | | Angel Mora (CUB) | 7 |
| Ryan Leach (BAR) | DSQ | Siddhartha Bhat (CAN) | 6 | | | | |
| Mario Guerra (CHI) | 11 | Mario Guerra (CHI) | 7 | | | | |
| Sergio Garcia (ECU) | 9 | | | Mario Guerra (CHI) | 6 | | |
| Angel Mora (CUB) | | | | Angel Mora (CUB) | 12 | | |
| Osvaldo Caceres (PAR) | WDR | Angel Mora (CUB) | 5 | | | | |
| Leandro Garcia (ARG) | 3 | Peter López (PER) | 4 | | | | |
| Peter López (PER) | 4 | | | | | | |
# Oitme

Oitme (Leisi) is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Leisi Parish.
# James Traill (bishop)

James Traill DD (died 1783) was an Anglican bishop in the second half of the 18th century.
A Scot, he held incumbencies at Horsleydown and West Ham. He was Chaplain to Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland who elevated him to the Bishopric of Down and Connor in 1765.
He died on 12 November 1783.