OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brown locust

The brown locust (Locustana pardalina) is a medium-sized small locust species in the monotypic genus Locustana. It is found in Southern Africa and shows classic gregarious behaviour with phase polymorphism on crowding.

## Biology

   "With its drought-resistant egg stage, short life cycle with 2–4 generations per year, high fecundity and highly gregarious behaviour, the brown locust regularly produces intense outbreaks. Eggs are usually laid in dry soil and during the summer months will hatch approximately 10 days after 15–25 millimetres (0.6–1.0 in) of rain has fallen. Under drought conditions, eggs enter various states of diapause and quiescence and can remain viable for up to 3 years.
   Incipient outbreaks generally arise following the end of droughts and are characterised by the dramatic increase in the density of the solitary phase adult population over wide areas of the Karoo. Hatching hoppers then aggregate and develop into thousands of small, discrete, highly gregarious hopper bands. For example, over 250,000 hopper bands and 40,000 fledging adult swarms were controlled in the massive 1985–86 upsurge. Swarming populations can then perpetuate themselves for a number of years, requiring an intense control effort, before gradually dying out during another drought cycle."

## Control

Hopper band outbreaks are frequent in the Karoo and are controlled by farmers with insecticide spray operations: usually deltamethrin with motorised mistblowers set for ultra-low volume application (subsidised by the government).
Because of the environmental sensitivity of the Karoo biome and concerns about toxicity to grazing sheep, a biological pesticide product called 'Green Muscle', based on the entomopathogenic fungus (Metarhizium acridum), was tested by the LUBILOSA Programme in collaboration with the South African Plant Protection Institute: using novel application technique to compensate for the slow speed of kill.
# Benjamin I

Benjamin I may refer to:
* Pope Benjamin I of Alexandria, ruled in 623–662
* Benjamin I of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in 1936–1946
# Olivegreen ufipa barb

The olivegreen ufipa barb (Enteromius olivaceus) is an East-African species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae.
It is found only in Tanzania. Its natural habitat is rivers. It is not considered a threatened species by the IUCN.
# Houston Lake (Georgia)

Houston Lake is located approximately ten miles 10 mi (16 km) southwest of Warner Robins, Georgia, in central Houston County, Georgia on Mossy Creek.

## Nearby community

The area around Houston Lake has been populated since the mid-1800s. The first dam at the site was constructed to provide water power for milling operations. By the middle of the 20th century, the 150-acre lake had become a center of recreation with an earthen dam. Upper class private homes, a country club, and a golf club were constructed around the lake in later half of the century. These developments cut off public access to the lake until the late 1990s.

## Flood of 1994

On July 3, 1994, Tropical Storm Alberto (1994) came ashore near Destin, Florida. The storm then drifted into central Georgia and stalled for days before drifting westward into Alabama and dissipating. Severe flooding occurred throughout central Georgia. Nearby Macon, Georgia set a single day rainfall record of 10.25 inches. At Perry, Georgia, the closest gaging station to Houston Lake, the former records for flood height and flow were shattered; from 8.27 feet and 788 cubic feet/second, to 21.75 feet and 24,000 cubic feet per second, though this record may have been affected by dam breaks upstream.
On Tuesday, July 5, 1994, the Houston Lake earthen dam failed. Downstream areas were submerged suddenly, requiring rapid evacuation by emergency personnel. After the floodwaters receded, the lake was left empty and formerly lakefront property overlooking the muddy lake bottom.
Controversially, public funds were later used to repair the dam and restore Houston Lake. Outcry over the use of government funds to benefit wealthy landowners and country club members who had long excluded the public was widespread. Ultimately, FEMA funds were used to rebuild the dam and provide public access for fishing and boating on the lake.
# Muricopsis fusiformis

Muricopsis fusiformis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Senegal
# Judith Lieu

Judith Margaret Lieu FBA (born 1951) is a British theologian and historian of religion. She specialises in the New Testament and early Christianity. Her research includes a focus on early Christian identity in its historical context, and literary analysis of biblical texts. From 2010 to 2018, she was Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge. She retired from her post in 2018.

## Early life and education

Lieu was born on 25 May 1951. She studied theology at Durham University, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1972. She remained at Durham to undertake postgraduate studies in theology, and graduated with a Master of Arts (MA) degree in 1973. She then moved to the University of Oxford where she trained to be a school teacher, completed her Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) in 1974. She undertook postgraduate research at the University of Birmingham, and completed her Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in 1980.
In 1976, she married Samuel N. C. Lieu, a historian of Manichaeism and Christianity in Central Asia and China.

## Academic career

Lieu began her academic teaching career at the Queen's College, Birmingham, an ecumenical theological college. In January 2001, she moved to King's College London, having been appointed as Professor of New Testament Studies.
Lieu is a fellow of Robinson College, Cambridge.
Lieu has edited Studia Patristica, a peer-reviewed book series on patristics. She was President of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas (SNTS) for 2015/2016.

## Honours

* In 2014, Lieu was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences.
* She was elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences - International Honorary Member (2019).
# Canon de 105 court modèle 1935 B

The Canon de 105 court modèle 1935 B was a French howitzer used in World War II. It was designed by the State Arsenal at Bourges to replace the Canon de 105 court modèle 1934 Schneider. Some 610 were originally ordered, although production was terminated in 1939 in favor of anti-tank guns. Only some 232 were in service when the German attacked in May 1940. Captured weapons were used by the German Heer as the 10.5 cm leFH 325(f) and assigned to training and second-line occupation units. During Italy's occupation of southern France, 127 pieces were captured by the Royal Italian Army, which used it under the name Obice da 105/15.

## Design

An unusual feature of the design was that the wheels, which were pressed steel with either solid rims or pneumatic tires, moved with the trail legs and "toed-in" when the gun was in action to provide more cover for the crew.
# Peter Chan Chi-kwan

Peter Chan Chi-kwan (Chinese: 陳子鈞, 7 March 1936 – March 2017) was a barrister-at-law and a member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong for more than twenty years. He was the founding member and former vice-chairman of the Hong Kong Civic Association and legal adviser to the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions. He was also former Kowloon City District Board member (1982-1991), and Urban Councillor (1969-1991). He was first elected to the Urban Council in 1969 and continued to be re-elected in 1973, 1977, 1981, 1983, 1986, and 1989, until he was defeated in 1991.
He also founded the Association of Experts for Modernization in 1979 and was appointed to the Consultative Committee for the Basic Law by the People's Republic of China Government in 1985.

## Citations

* ↑ Kwok, Rowena Y.F. (Dec 1991). "Kowloon Central: The Constituency, the People and the Candidates". Asian Journal of Public Administration. 13 (2): 39–54. doi:10.1080/02598272.1991.10800248.
Political offices :
| Preceded byLi Yiu-bor | Member of the Urban Council 1969–1991 | Succeeded byChiang Sai-cheong |
| New creation | Member of the Kowloon City District Board Representative for Kowloon Tong and Ma Tau Wai 1982–1991 | Constituency abolished |
* This article about a Hong Kong politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Holtedahl Bay

Holtedahl Bay (66°7′S 65°20′W﻿ / ﻿66.117°S 65.333°W﻿ / -66.117; -65.333) is a bay, 10 nautical miles (19 km) long in a northwest–southeast direction and averaging 6 nautical miles (11 km) wide, between Velingrad Peninsula and Stresher Peninsula along the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The bay is entered southwest of Prospect Point and northeast of Black Head, and has its head fed by Hugi Glacier.
It was discovered by the British Graham Land Expedition, 1934–37, and named by John Rymill for Professor Olaf Holtedahl, a Norwegian geologist who conducted geologic research during 1927–28 in the South Shetland Islands and the Palmer Archipelago, to which he was transported by various whaling vessels.

## Maps

* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), 1993–2016.
# Jabarry Chandler

Jabarry Jesse Chandler (born 11 April 1994) is a Barbadian international footballer who plays as a forward for Paradise.

## International career

Jabarry Chandler was first called up by the Barbados Under 17 squad in 2010 for their match against Grenada Under 17s. Chandler started and scored in 2 goals. He then went on to score 6 more goals in the next 7 matches. Although Barbados Under 17's didn't qualify for the U17 World Cup, Chandler was the top scorer in the entire Concacaf region during qualifying, with 8 goals.
In 2014 Chandler made his first appearance for the Senior Barbados team against Jamaica in a 2–0 loss. He didn't play another game that year, but in 2015 he made 3 more appearances for the Barbados Men's team, scoring his first senior goal for Barbados against US Virgin Islands in a 4-0 World Cup Qualifying win.

### International goals

    Scores and results list the Barbados's goal tally first.
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 26 March 2015 | Addelita Cancryn Junior High School Ground, Charlotte Amalie, United States Virgin Islands | U.S. Virgin Islands | 4–0 | 4–0 | 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification |
# Milltown Bridge

Milltown Bridge may refer to:
* Milltown Bridge, Dublin, one of two bridges over the River Dodder at Milltown in Dublin, Ireland
* Milltown Bridge (Milltown, Arkansas), a bridge in Arkansas in the United States recorded in the National Register of Historic Places
* Milltown International Bridge, a bridge crossing the border between Canada and the United States
# Bribie Island (disambiguation)

Bribie Island may refer to:
# Ministry for State Security

Ministry for State Security or Ministry of State Security (often abbreviated to MSS) may refer to:
* Ministry of State Security (China)
* Ministry of State Security (North Korea)
* Ministry for State Security (East Germany), more commonly known as the Stasi
* Ministry of State Security (Soviet Union)
* Ministry of State Security (Transnistria)
* Ministry of Public Security (Poland)

## Similar agencies

* South African Bureau of State Security
* State Security Agency of the Republic of Belarus
* Committee for State Security in the People's Republic of Bulgaria
* KGB (Committee for State Security), in the Soviet Union
* Sigurimi (Directorate of State Security) in the Socialist People's Republic of Albania
* Main Directorate of State Security in the Soviet Union
* People's Commissariat for State Security (Soviet Union)
* State Security Council in South Africa
* Securitate (State Security Department) in Communist Romania
* UDBA (State Security Directorate) in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
* State Security Intelligence in Egypt
* Belgian State Security Service
* State Security Service Nigeria
* Reich Security Main Office (Nazi Germany)
# Gell

Gell is a surname, and may refer to:
* Alan Gell, American sentenced to death for murder, released when trial evidence proven flawed
* Alfred Gell (1945–1997), British social anthropologist
* David Gell (born 1929), Canadian DJ and television presenter
* Edith Mary Gell (1866–1944), English writer and Christian activist
* Harry Dickson Gell (1845–1929), accountant in South Australia
* Heather Gell (1896–1988), daughter of Harry Dickson Gell, Australian kindergarten teacher, eurhythmics pioneer and broadcaster
* John Gell (disambiguation)
* Mary Gell (1894–1978), a medical missionary
* Murray Gell-Mann (1929–2019), American Nobel Prize-winning physicist
* Philip Gell (disambiguation)
* Rob Gell (born 1952), Australian meteorologist and TV weather presenter
* William Gell (1777–1836), English archaeologist and illustrator
# Brezno, Laško

Brezno (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. It lies north of the main road from Rimske Toplice and Hrastnik. It is divided into Spodnje Brezno and Gornje Brezno (Upper and Lower Brezno). The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.
# Bristol Township, Ohio

Bristol Township, Ohio, may refer to:
* Bristol Township, Morgan County, Ohio
* Bristol Township, Trumbull County, Ohio
# Bristol Township, Morgan County, Ohio

Bristol Township is one of the fourteen townships of Morgan County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 182 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the northern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Meigs Township, Muskingum County - north
* Brookfield Township, Noble County - northeast corner
* Manchester Township - east
* Center Township - southeast corner
* Meigsville Township - south
* Morgan Township - southwest
* Bloom Township - west
* Blue Rock Township, Muskingum County - northwest corner
No municipalities are located in Bristol Township.

## Name and history

Statewide, the only other Bristol Township is located in Trumbull County.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Brian Edgar

Brian Edgar (26 March 1936 – 5 October 2001) was an English rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Workington RFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain (captain), and England, and at club level for Workington Town, as a prop or second-row.

## Background

Brian Edgar was born in Great Broughton, Cumberland, England, and he died aged 65 in Seaton, Cumbria.

## Playing career
### Workington Town

Brian Edgar played second-row in Workington Town's 12–21 defeat by Barrow in the 1955 Challenge Cup Final during the 1954–55 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 30 April 1955, in front of a crowd of 66,513, and played second-row in the 9–13 defeat by Wigan in the 1958 Challenge Cup Final during the 1957–58 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 10 May 1958.
Brian Edgar is a Workington Town Hall Of Fame Inductee.

### International honours

Edgar won a cap for England (RL) while at Workington in 1962 against France, and won caps for Great Britain (RL) while at Workington in 1958 against Australia, and New Zealand, in 1961 against New Zealand, in 1962 against Australia (3 matches), and New Zealand, in 1965 against New Zealand, and in 1966 against Australia (3 matches).
Edgar and Leeds' Joseph "Joe" Thompson are the only Forwards to be selected for three Australasian tours.
Four Workington players were selected for the 1958 tour of Australia, and New Zealand; Harry Archer, Brian Edgar, Ike Southward and Bill Wookey (later of Barrow).
# Ministry of Climate and Environment (Norway)

The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment (Norwegian: Klima- og miljødepartementet, KLD) is a Norwegian ministry established on 8 May 1972. The Ministry of Climate and Environment has a particular responsibility for carrying out the climate and environmental policies of the Government. Before 2014 the name was Ministry of the Environment (Norwegian: Miljøverndepartementet).
It is led by the Minister of Climate and Environment, currently Andreas Bjelland Eriksen (Labour Party) since 2023. The ministry reports to the legislature (Storting).

## Organisation
### Political staff

As of 20 November 2023, the political staff of the ministry is as follows
* Minister Andreas Bjelland Eriksen (Labour Party)
* State Secretary Ragnhild Sjoner Syrstad (Labour Party)
* State Secretary Kjersti Bjørnstad (Labour Party)
* Political Adviser Maria Varteressian (Labour Party)

### Departments

The ministry is divided into six departments and an information section:
* Department for Climate Change
* Department for Cultural Heritage Management
* Department for Marine Management and Pollution Control
* Department for Nature Management
* Department for Organizational Affairs
* Department for Planning
* Information section

### Subsidiaries

Under the ministry there are five administrative agencies
* Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage
* Norwegian Cultural Heritage Fund
* Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre
* Norwegian Centre against Marine Litter
* Norwegian Environment Agency
* Norwegian Meteorological Institute
* Norwegian Polar Institute
* The Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund
# Brian Yang

Brian Yang may refer to
* Brian Yang (producer)
* Brian Yang (badminton)
# Brian Wynter

Brian Wynter OJ (born in Jamaica, 1959) is a Jamaican banker and financial regulator, who is notable for his work with the Financial Services Commission (FSC). In October 2009, it was announced that he would assume the position as Governor of the Bank of Jamaica on 1 December 2009.
As governor, he was chairman of the board of directors of the bank, and served until August 2019. Previously, he was the Deputy Governor of the Bank of Jamaica.

## Education

He graduated from the London School of Economics in 1981 with a BSc (economics) honours degree. He received the graduate diploma in law from The City University London. Wynter is also the holder of a master's degree specialising in international economics from the School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University (1985).
# Jack Hawkes

Jack Hawkes may refer to:
* Jack Hawkes (botanist) (1915–2007), British botanist
* Jack Hawkes (tennis) (1899–1990), Australian tennis player
# General Belgrano Department, La Rioja

General Belgrano is a department of La Rioja Province (Argentina).
# General Belgrano

General Belgrano originally refers to:
General Belgrano may also refer to:

## Places

* General Belgrano, Buenos Aires, a city in the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
* General Belgrano Partido, a district of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
* General Manuel Belgrano, a settlement in Formosa Province, Argentina
* Pueblo General Belgrano, a village and municipality in Entre Ríos Province, Argentina
* Villa General Belgrano, a village in Córdoba Province, Argentina

## Ships

* ARA General Belgrano, an Argentine Navy light cruiser, sunk in the Falklands War
* ARA General Belgrano (1896), an Argentine Navy Giuseppe Garibaldi-class cruiser

## Other uses

* General Belgrano Bridge, a road bridge in Argentina
* General Manuel Belgrano Railway, one of the main railway lines in Argentina
* General Belgrano de Santa Rosa, an Argentine football club from La Pampa Province
# British Virgin Islands National Road Championships

The British Virgin Islands National Road Championships are held annually to decide the cycling champions in both the road race and time trial discipline, across various categories.

## Men
### Road Race

| Year | Winner | Second | Third |
| 2007 | Robert Bumann | Robert Frances Marsh | Chris Ghiorse |
| 2008 | Not Held |
| 2009 | Aurélien Moyon | Wendy Cruz | Jyme Bridges |
| 2010 | Akeem Sasso | Robert Frances Marsh | Ricardo Romney |
| 2011 | Robert Frances Marsh | Hansel Orano Andrews | Darel Jr Christopher |
| 2012 | Lynn Byron Murray | Mark Defour | Andre Simon |
| 2013 | Mark Defour | Philippe Leory | Cumber Greaux |
| 2014 | Hansel Orano Andrews | Antonio Andrews | Timothy Thomas |
| 2015 | Andre Simon | Statius Talium | Ian Walker |
| 2016 | Philippe Leory | Nicholas Alphonso | Hansel Orano Andrews |
| 2017 | Not Held |
| 2018 | Not Held |
| 2019 | Zambezi Richardson | Rene Gayral | Philippe Leory |
| 2020 | Philippe Leory | Hansel Orano Andrews | Andel Rock |

### Time Trial

| Year | Winner | Second | Third |
| 2007 | Chris Ghiorse | Paul Trivino | Juancito Gario |
| 2008 | Not Held |
| 2009 | Hansel Orano Andrews | Mark Smith | Andrew Thompson |
| 2010 | Darel Jr Christopher | Hansel Orano Andrews | Andrew Thompson |
| 2011 | Hansel Orano Andrews | Darel Jr Christopher | Andrew Thompson |
| 2012 | Hansel Orano Andrews | Andre Simon | Philippe Leory |
| 2013 | Philippe Leory | Richard Morgan | Hansel Orano Andrews |
| 2014 | Not Held |
| 2015 | Not Held |
| 2016 | Philippe Leory | Hansel Orano Andrews | Nicholas Alphonso |
| 2017 | Not Held |
| 2018 | Not Held |
| 2019 | Philippe Leory | Rene Gayral | Bram Sanderson |
| 2020 | Philippe Leory | Hansel Orano Andrews | Tubes |
# General Dadiani

General Dadiani may refer to:
* Andria Dadiani (1850–1910), Imperial Russian Army lieutenant general
* David Dadiani (1813–1853), Imperial Russian Army major general
* Didi-Niko Dadiani (1764–1834), Imperial Russian Army major general
* Grigol Dadiani (Kolkhideli) (1814–1901), Imperial Russian Army general of the infantry
* Konstantin Dadiani (1819–1889), Imperial Russian Army lieutenant general
* Levan V Dadiani (1793–1846), Imperial Russian Army lieutenant general
* Niko I Dadiani (1847–1903), Imperial Russian Army major general
# Geluksoord

Geluksoord is a township in close proximity to Christiana in Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District Municipality in the North West province of South Africa.
# General Barton

General Barton may refer to:
* Charles Barton (British Army officer) (1760–1819), British Army lieutenant general
* Geoffrey Barton (1844–1922), British Army major general
* Raymond O. Barton (1889–1963), U.S. Army major general
* Robert Barton (British Army officer) (1768–1853), British Army general
* Seth Barton (1829–1900), Confederate States Army brigadier general
# Jackie Turner

Jackie Turner (born 1959) is a retired English boxer.

## Boxing career

Turner was twice National Champion in 1977 and 1978 after winning the prestigious ABA flyweight title, boxing out of Hull Fish Trades ABC.
He represented England in the -54 kg bantamweight division, at the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
He turned professional on 25 January 1980 and fought in 18 fights.
# MiniDVD (disambiguation)

MiniDVD is a physically smaller 80mm version of the standard-sized 120mm DVD, often used in camcorders.
Mini DVD or Mini-DVD may also refer to
* cDVD or mini-DVD, a standard CD with data written to it in the DVD-video format
* Universal Media Disc or Mini DVD, a format used by Sony's PlayStation Portable