OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jennifer Barnes

Jennifer Chase Barnes (born 30 July 1960) is a musicologist and former university administrator. She was a Pro-Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor in the University of Cambridge, and the 4th President of Murray Edwards College, Cambridge’ in the United Kingdom.

## Early life and education

A former opera singer, she married Richard Edgar-Wilson in 1988. She completed her PhD at London University in 1996.

## Career

She was an associate professor at the Royal Academy of Music followed by an appointment as Project Director at the Royal College of Music (1996–99). She was appointed Head of Department (Academic) at Trinity College of Music in 1999 and promoted to Dean and Assistant Principal in 2001. The author of The Fall of Opera Commissioned for Television (2003), she is also recognized as a leading authority on the composers Gian Carlo Menotti, Thea Musgrave and Ethel Smyth.
In 1999 she established a Leverhulme research partnership between Imperial College, Manchester University and the Royal College of Music. Seeing the potential in wireless EEG biofeedback, she designed a program to analyze the role of alpha, beta and theta waves in musicians and dancers under performance stress. Subsequent findings have been integrated into the curricula of performing arts institutions worldwide.
In 2005 she was appointed the first group director of global education at BP. She produced an investment strategy which focused on capacity building, aligning higher education partners in STEM subjects, law and economics, to the annual corporate planning cycle and promoted greater investment in the university sector. She advised colleagues in over 25 countries on partnerships with governments, academic institutions, NGOs and business.
In 2008, she was elected the fourth president of Murray Edwards College, founded as New Hall, in the University of Cambridge. During her presidency, she worked with the Privy Council to resolve a pending court case with alumnae (triggered by the change of the College name), increased the Estate, raised academic standards and made key appointments to the Fellowship.
In 2010, she was appointed pro-vice-chancellor and a deputy vice-chancellor in the University of Cambridge. In 2016, at the end of her term, she became a partner in Saxton Bampfylde and holds board memberships in the UK, Europe and the Middle East.
# Oenothera tetragona

Oenothera tetragona, the glaucous evening primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Onagraceae, native to eastern North America, and introduced to Germany, the Czech Republic, and Myanmar. The Royal Horticultural Society considers it a good plant to attract pollinators. There is a cultivar, 'Glaber', also known as 'Clarence Elliott'.
# Jukka Mäkelä

Jukka Mäkelä (born 7 July 1960 in Espoo) is a Finnish politician from the National Coalition Party and the current city manager/mayor of Espoo, the second largest city of Finland, since 1 January 2011. He was elected to the Parliament of Finland (Eduskunta) in the 2007 parliamentary election, but he was resigned after he was elected to the post of mayor. He is married and he has three children.
Jukka Mäkelä was a member in the HOK Elanto administration board (hallintoneuvosto) during 2008–2012. HOK Elanto is part of S Group (SOK). This is third biggest company and leading retail trade company in Finland in 2012. HOK Elanto has business e.g. in hotels, shopping centers, restaurants and petrol stations (Energy in Finland).
Jukka Mäkelä is member of Helsinki district administration of Chamber of Commerce (valtuuskunta) in 2013.

## Elections

In the municipal elections Jukka Mäkelä got 1,973 votes out of 113,000 in 2008.
# Copeland, Florida

Copeland is an unincorporated community located in eastern Collier County, Florida, United States. It lies at the junction of State Road 29 and Janes Memorial Scenic Drive (County Road 837). Copeland lies along the western border of the Big Cypress National Preserve, and wedged beside the Fakahatchee Strand Preserve State Park to the east. The hamlet of Jerome is a few miles to the north, while Carnestown lies a few miles to the south at the intersection of State Road 29 and U.S. Route 41. Copeland is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

Copeland was founded in 1932 and named in honor of David Graham Copeland, a U.S. Navy engineer who helped plan the Tamiami Trail and began a family-owned farming business at this location.
During the Second World War, the demand for cypress brought the timber industry to southwest Florida. The newly established Lee Cypress Lumber Company began operations in 1943 and made Copeland a company town. The operation was overseen by superintendent J.R. Terill, and Copeland served as the base camp for over three hundred sawyers, railroad workers, and their families. Homes were made of cypress and built on-site as the population increased. Most of the people living at Copeland were black and the community was segregated with separate facilities for white and black workers. The town boasted a commissary and a few "jukes" for entertainment. Almost all functions including entertainment were overseen by the Lee Cypress Company. A large railroad depot handled the logs that were brought out of the Fakahatchee Strand and other parts of the Big Cypress Swamp, the current Jane's Scenic Drive following the route of the main railroad line through Fakahatchee. The logs were sent to the massive sawmill complex in Perry, Florida, four hundred miles north. The last steam locomotive used to carry timber is on display at the Collier County Museum in Naples. Copeland's population dwindled quickly in the late Fifties as the timber industry concluded its operations in 1957.

## Demographics

The population was estimated at 275 people in 2006. Copeland also lies within a Florida panther habitat.

## Notability

Copeland was the location of the low-budget, 1976 horror movie, Blood Stalkers.
# Jody McDonald

Jody McDonald (born 1962), a.k.a. Jody Mac, is an American sports talk show host on 610 WTEL/94.1WIP-FM weekdays 11pm to 2am and weekend host on WFAN 660 AM NY. He is the son of former Major League Baseball executive Joe McDonald.

## Career

A Yonkers native, McDonald began his career with WFAN in 1987, when it launched. He would join WIP, a Philadelphia sports radio station in 1990, where he hosted a show called Mac and Mac with Glen Macnow. He returned to WFAN in 1999, hosting the midday show from May 2000 through November 2004, initially with Suzyn Waldman and later with Sid Rosenberg. McDonald was also the host of the Philadelphia Eagles pre-game show on the Eagles radio network (WYSP) from 2001-2004.
He next worked afternoon drive, joining Sports Talk 950, (later to become 950 ESPN radio). His tenure there lasted from 2005 to September, 4th 2009. He also spent a few years on nationally aired, Sirius XM's NBA and MLB talk channels.
Sometime in 2010 1050 ESPN Radio NY had a regular mid day show with Brandon Tierney & Jody McDonald that ran until April 2011.
He stayed on, moving to weekends on ESPN Radio NY, while also hosting on Sirius 201 and XM 175 over the weekends. With schedule changes in 2012, McDonald left 1050 ESPN Radio. He would return to 94.1 WIP in the summer of 2011 filling in weekday nights. September 22 he moved back to WFAN 660 AM/101.9 FM hosting the 10:00am–12:30pm shift. He currently hosts The Final Out following Phillies games and fills in various slots on WIP in Philadelphia.
McDonald also writes a weekly sports blog for Philly Sports Pulse called "Jody Mac's Sports Attack!"
# Tetragonopterus

Tetragonopterus is a genus of fish in the family Characidae native to South America.

## Species

There are currently 14 recognized species of this genus:
* Tetragonopterus anostomus G. S. C. Silva & Benine, 2011
* Tetragonopterus araguaiensis G. S. C. Silva, B. F. Melo, C. de Oliveira & Benine, 2013
* Tetragonopterus argenteus G. Cuvier, 1816
* Tetragonopterus carvalhoi B. F. Melo, Benine, Mariguela & C. de Oliveira, 2011
* Tetragonopterus chalceus Agassiz, 1829
* Tetragonopterus daguae Eigenmann, 1913
* Tetragonopterus denticulatus G. S. C. Silva, B. F. Melo, C. de Oliveira & Benine, 2013
* Tetragonopterus franciscoensis G. S. C. Silva, B. F. Melo, C. de Oliveira & Benine, 2016
* Tetragonopterus georgiae (Géry, 1965)
* Tetragonopterus juruena G. S. C. Silva, B. F. Melo, C. de Oliveira & Benine, 2016
* Tetragonopterus kuluene G. S. C. Silva, B. F. Melo, C. de Oliveira & Benine, 2016
* Tetragonopterus manaos Urbanski, Melo, Silva & Benine, 2018
* Tetragonopterus ommatus G. S. C. Silva, B. F. Melo, C. de Oliveira & Benine, 2016
* Tetragonopterus rarus (Zarske, Géry & Isbrücker, 2004)
* Tetragonopterus signatus Burmeister, 1861
# Carlina

Carlina is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is distributed from Madeira and the Canary Islands across Europe and northern Africa to Siberia and northwestern China.
Plants of the genus are known commonly as carline thistles.

## Description

Carlina species are very similar to true thistles (genus Cirsium) in morphology, and are part of the thistle tribe, Cardueae. Most are biennial herbs, but the genus includes annuals, perennials, shrubs, and dwarf trees, as well. The largest reach about 80 centimeters tall. The stems are upright and branching or unbranched. The whole plant is spiny. The leaves have toothed or lobed blades with spiny edges and sometimes woolly hairs. The flower heads are solitary or borne in inflorescences. The head is hemispherical to bell-shaped and lined with several layers of spiny phyllaries. The outer phyllaries may be very long and leaflike. It contains tubular or funnel-shaped disc florets in shades of yellow or red. The fruit is a hairy cypsela with a plumelike pappus made up of tufts of bristles.

## Taxonomy and relationships

Carlina is closely related to the genus Atractylis. Together they are a sister group to the genus Atractylodes in the subtribe Carlininae. Carlina has been divided into five subgenera: Carlina, Carlowizia, Heracantha, Lyrolepis, and Mitina.
There are about 28 to 34 species in the genus.
* Carlina acanthifolia
* Carlina acaulis – stemless carline thistle
* Carlina atlantica
* Carlina balfouris
* Carlina barnebiana
* Carlina biebersteinii
* Carlina brachylepis
* Carlina canariensis
* Carlina comosa
* Carlina corymbosa (syn. C. curetum) – clustered carline thistle
* Carlina curetum
* Carlina diae
* Carlina frigida
* Carlina graeca
* Carlina guittonneaui
* Carlina gummifera – stemless atractylis
* Carlina hispanica
* Carlina involucrata
* Carlina kurdica
* Carlina lanata – wooly carline thistle
* Carlina libanotica
* Carlina macrocephala
* Carlina macrophylla
* Carlina nebrodensis
* Carlina oligocephala
* Carlina pygmaea
* Carlina racemosa
* Carlina salicifolia
* Carlina sicula – Sicilian carline thistle
* Carlina sitiensis
* Carlina tragacanthifolia
* Carlina vayredrae
* Carlina vulgaris – common carline thistle
* Carlina xeranthemoides

### Etymology

The genus name honors the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (1500–1558).

## Uses

Carlina species have been used as herbal remedies in European systems of traditional medicine. C. acaulis root is known as Carlinae radix and is still used medicinally as a diuretic and a treatment for such conditions as skin lesions and rashes, catarrh, and toothache. Most commercial preparations of Carlinae radix are not C. acaulis, but are in fact adulterated with C. acanthifolia, a related species. The essential oil of both species is mostly composed of carlina oxide, an acetylene derivative. The compound has antimicrobial activity. The young flowerhead of C. acaulis is also eaten like an artichoke.
# Patrick de Carolis

Patrick de Carolis (born 19 November 1953) is a French TV journalist and writer. He has been president of French public service broadcaster France Télévisions from July 2005 to August 2010.

## President of France Télévisions

Upon termination of Marc Tessier's presidency on 22 August 2005, De Carolis was appointed president of France Télévisions. During his tenure, the 2008 reform that cut advertisements from 8pm through 6am everyday and made the French President the direct appointer of the president of France Télévisions was adopted. He also oversaw the transformation of the state broadcaster into a multi-brand consolidated company: what have previously been subsidiary companies with distinctive brands and operating revenues became integrated parts of France Télévisions. He held the position until 23 August 2010.

## Mayor of Arles

On 28 June 2020, he was elected mayor of Arles, his native town, as an independent candidate.

## Published works

* Conversation, with Bernadette Chirac, Ed. Omnibus, 2001, ISBN 978-2-259-19512-6
* Les demoiselles de Provence, Ed. Plon, 2005, ISBN 978-2-259-20065-3
* Refuge pour temps d’orage, Ed. Plon, 2009, ISBN 978-2-259-21029-4
# Kaarel Liimand

Kaarel Liimand (also spelled as Karl Liiman(n); 12 May 1906 Tartu – August 1941 Pskov) was an Estonian painter.
He studied at the Pallas Art School.
# Oenothera speciosa

Oenothera speciosa is a species in the evening primrose family known by several common names, including pinkladies, pink evening primrose, showy evening primrose, Mexican primrose, and buttercups (not to be confused with true buttercups in the genus Ranunculus).

## Description

Oenothera speciosa is a herbaceous perennial wildflower. It has glabrous (smooth) to pubescent stems that grow to 50 centimetres (20 inches) in height. The pubescent leaves are alternate with very short or no petiole (sessile), reaching 10 cm (4 in) long to 4 cm (1+1⁄2 in) broad. They are variable in shape, from linear to obovate, and are toothed or wavy-edged. It produces single, four-petaled, cup-shaped flowers on the upper leaf axils. These fragrant shell-pink flowers bloom throughout the summer into early autumn. The 4–5 cm (1+1⁄2–2 in) flowers start out white and turn pink as they age.
The flower throats, as well as the stigmas and stamens, have a soft yellow color. It blooms both day and night, but typically in the pre-dawn hours, closing when the full sun hits them. They bloom from March to July, and occasionally in the fall. The flowers are frequented by several insect species, but moths are the most common as the flowers are mostly open at night.

## Taxonomy

The specific name, speciosa, means "showy".
This plant may be referred to as a buttercup, though it is not a true buttercup (genus Ranunculus), or even in the buttercup family.

### Varieties

The species has the following varieties:
* Oenothera speciosa var. berlandieri (Spach) Munz
* Oenothera speciosa var. childsii (L.H. Bailey) Munz
* Oenothera speciosa var. speciosa

## Distribution and habitat

Originally native to the grasslands of Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, northeastern New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas, it has been naturalized in 28 of the lower 48 United States as well as Chihuahua and Coahuila in Mexico. It frequently escapes from gardens.
The plant's wild habitat includes rocky prairies, open woodlands, slopes, roadsides, meadows and disturbed areas. While it makes an attractive garden plant, care should be taken with it as it can become invasive, spreading by runners and seeds. This drought-resistant plant prefers loose, fast-draining soil and full sun. It is a groundcover.
The pink evening primrose is used in the temperate latitudes as an ornamental plant, but does not survive severe winters. Within the United States Department of Agriculture's hardiness zone climates 4 to 9, and in most areas of Central Europe, the species should be sufficiently hardy. In Europe plant has been reported to cause deaths of eurasian hummingbird hawk-moth as they get stuck into the flower while foraging.

## Uses

The green plant parts can be cooked or eaten as a salad; the taste is pleasant when harvested before flowers develop.

## Gallery

* A field of O. speciosa
* Unopened flower buds
* O. speciosa with bud and leaf
* Pollen magnified 200x
# Juan de Espinal

Juan de Espinal (1714-1783), a Spanish historical painter, was a native of Seville. He was the son and pupil of Gregorio Espinal, who was also a painter, but he afterwards entered the school of Domingo Martinez, whose daughter he married. He was chosen director of the School of Design which Cean Bermudez and other lovers of art established at Seville. Cean Bermudez says that he possessed more genius than any of his contemporaries, and but for his bad training and indolence would have been the best painter whom Seville had produced since the time of Murillo. A visit to Madrid late in life made apparent his misspent time, and he returned saddened and abashed to Seville, where he died in 1783. His chief works were scenes from the life of St. Jerome, painted for the monastery of San Geronimo de Buenavista, and now in the Seville Museum, and some frescoes in the collegiate church of San Salvador.

## Gallery

* The Immaculate Conception of the Zodiac
* Saints Justa and Rufina
* The Virgin of Bonaria
# Hockey stick (disambiguation)

A hockey stick is a stick used to propel the ball or puck in hockey.
Hockey stick may also refer to:
* Field hockey stick, used to propel the ball in field hockey
* Ice hockey stick, used to propel the puck in ice hockey
* Underwater hockey stick, used to propel the puck in underwater hockey
* Saab hockey stick, styling cue on Saab cars
* Hockey stick graph (global temperature) is a presentation of the global or hemispherical mean temperature record of the past 1000 years
* a hockey stick diagram is a diagram that shows the payoff of a call option or a put option with respect to the price of the underlying asset
* a hockey stick procedure turn is the standard way to reverse direction during an instrument landing in aviation
* the name of a step in cha-cha-cha
# The Wingham Chronicle

The Wingham Chronicle, previously published as The Wingham Chronicle and Manning River Observer, is a daily newspaper originally published in Wingham, New South Wales, Australia, now in Pyrmont, New South Wales by Fairfax Media.

## Newspaper history

The newspaper was founded in 1880 by Edward Rye Junior. It was originally issued weekly and became bi-weekly in February 1886. The title of the paper changed several times until May 1897 when it became The Wingham Chronicle and Manning River Observer, the title it retained until its initial closure in 1983. The newspaper's longest standing editor and proprietor was Frederick Arthur Fitzpatrick between the years 1916 and 1953. When Fitzpatrick retired he passed on the editorship to his son J.J. (Jack) Fitzpatrick who controlled the paper until approximately 1975. The newspaper closed in 1983, but was reopened by Consolidated Press on 1 October 1987 under the editorship of Lesley Joy Penfold, when it changed its title to The Wingham Chronicle .
   A genuine paper besides being a vehicle for the dissemination of news throughout the district to which it is allied, should aspire to something higher. It should be an educator and should be able to place before its readers an intelligent outline of all 'matters that really matter' to the people. It should be able to fight, be prepared to censure friends when necessary, and applaud enemies when occasion demands.
The Wingham Chronicle and Manning River Observer, 13 June 1933

## Digitisation

The paper is planned to be digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program of the National Library of Australia.
# Bolton Borough Police

Bolton Borough Police was the police force responsible for policing the borough of Bolton, England for 130 years between 1839 and 1969.
A parliamentary report in June 1852 outlined that the borough force had 25 officers at an annual cost of £1,446, 11 Shillings and 7 pence.
William John Howard was the chief constable of the borough force between 1930 and 1957. At the time of his appointment the force numbered 202 officers which rose to 241 officers by 1957.
In March 1946 the force was in charge of policing Bolton Wanderers F.C. football stadium when the Burnden Park disaster occurred during a FA Cup match against Stoke City F.C. 33 football fans died and more than 400 were injured when barriers collapsed leading to crush and trampling injuries.
On 1 April 1969, under a compulsory amalgamation scheme ordered by the Home Secretary (under the Police Act 1964), Bolton Borough Police was abolished and became part of Lancashire Constabulary. Bolton was policed by Lancashire Constabulary for only around 5 years due to the creation of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester on 1 April 1974 under the auspices of the Local Government Act 1972. The newly created Greater Manchester Police became responsible for policing Greater Manchester including Bolton. Bolton is currently designated as 'K' division within Greater Manchester Police for policing purposes.

## Officers killed in the line of duty

The following officers of Bolton Borough Police are listed by the Police Roll of Honour Trust as having died during the course of their duties:
* PC James Green. Died 25 July 1889. Aged 36. Died from injuries sustained when attempting to stop a runaway dray horse. He was run over and sustained serious injuries to his right knee and bruising to other parts of his body. His lower right leg was amputated, he died from complications.
* Acting Sergeant John Geoffrey Wood Lace. Died 4 February 1962. Aged 38. On foot patrol in Higher Bridge Street, Bolton, a van mounted the footpath and collided with him. He received severe injuries and died the following day.
# Irakli Modebadze

Irakli Modebadze (Georgian: ირაკლი მოდებაძე; born 4 October 1984) is a retired Georgian professional footballer, currently working as a coach at Erovnuli Liga club Dinamo Batumi.
He is the two-time champion of the Georgian top division and the top-scorer of the 2015 season. Modebadze has played for the senior team as well as for each of the national youth teams.

## Career

Modebadze started his career at Valensia Tbilisi. From 2002 until 2007 he played for Ukrainian side FC Metalurh Zaporizhzhia. The day before he turned 18, Modebadze scored his first European goal in a UEFA Cup game against Leeds United.
On 13 March 2009 he signed a contract with FC Chornomorets Odesa until the end of the 2008/09 season. The next year, the forward returned to Georgia and joined Olimpi Rustavi, who had just won their league title. In his first season for this club, Modebadze was the leading league goalscorer at some point, although eventually with 16 goals he finished in the 2nd place.
He fouled on 14 July 2012 in an friendly game with his club FC Dila Gori, in the game against FC Rot-Weiss Erfurt the Libanese footballer Joan Oumari and provoked the breakup of the game.
After a short unsuccessful spell at Dinamo Tbilisi in 2014, Modebadze re-joined Dila to reach the highest point in his career by winning the champion's title and becoming the top scorer of the 2015 season.
During the last two years he suffered from a knee injury. The forward announced an immediate retirement after making his 100th appearance for the team in November 2017. Early next year, Modebadze was appointed at Dila as a staff member in charge of the personnel selection.
In June 2019, he briefly took over as a caretaker manager. It was his idea to invite Andriy Demchenko, his team-mate at Metalurh Zaporizhzhia, to Dila Gori as a head coach. The pair worked together for more than two seasons, guiding the club to two consecutive bronze medals. In August 2023, Demchenko left Dila for Dinamo Batumi where he once again teamed up with Modebadze in January 2024.

## Personal life

His older brother Giorgi is also a former footballer.

## Honours

* Umaglesi Liga (2): 2013–14, 2014–15
* David Kipiani Cup (1): 2013–14
* Georgian Super Cup (1): 2010–11