OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mnarani ruins

The Mnarani ruins are the remains of two mosques near Mnarani in Kilifi County, Kenya. Dating from the 15th century, the mosques are located on a bluff overlooking Kilifi Creek from the southern side. The settlement at the site dates back to the 14th century, and the site also contains a number of tombs.
# Bulgers, Alabama

Bulgers (also Bulger, Bulgers Mill, Bulgers Mills, Oakchyer) is an unincorporated community in Tallapoosa County, Alabama, United States.
# James Naka

James Naka (born 9 October 1984 in Honiara) is a Solomon Islands footballer currently playing for Nalkutan. He plays as a midfielder or forward. He has played in 10 editions of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup and also represented his country 7 times.

## International career
### International goals

    Scores and results list Solomon Islands' goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 3 September 2011 | Stade Rivière Salée, Nouméa, New Caledonia | Tuvalu | 3–0 | 6–1 | 2011 Pacific Games |
| 2. | 3 September 2011 | Stade Rivière Salée, Nouméa, New Caledonia | Tuvalu | 5–0 | 6–1 | 2011 Pacific Games |
| 3. | 5 September 2011 | Stade Rivière Salée, Nouméa, New Caledonia | New Caledonia | 2–1 | 2–1 | 2011 Pacific Games |
# Modern Fiction

Modern Fiction may refer to:
* Modern Fiction (album), a 2021 album by Ducks Ltd.
* Modern Fiction (essay), an essay by Virginia Woolf
# Bundestrojaner

Bundestrojaner (German for state-sponsored trojan horse, lit. Federal Trojan) may refer to one of several pieces of software with this purpose:
* The Swiss MiniPanzer and MegaPanzer (2006–2009)
* The German Bundestrojaner discovered by Chaos Computer Club in 2011
# Mitchell Duneier

Mitchell Duneier is an American sociologist and ethnographer. He is currently Maurice P. During Professor and department chair of Sociology at Princeton University and has also served as a regular Visiting Distinguished Professor of Sociology at the Graduate Center, CUNY.
Duneier earned his doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1992. His first book, Slim's Table: Race, Respectability, and Masculinity, won the 1994 American Sociological Association's award for Distinguished Scholarly Publication. He is also the author of Sidewalk (1999), which won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize and the C. Wright Mills Award. In 2016, he published Ghetto: The Invention of a Place, the History of an Idea with Farrar, Straus and Giroux, which was one of the New York Times Book Review Notable Books of the Year and one of the Best Books of the Year by Publishers Weekly. He was elected to membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2021.
Duneier taught at the University of California-Santa Barbara, the University of Wisconsin-Madison before joining the Princeton faculty and the City University of New York (where he regularly taught in a visiting capacity). He served on the original advisory board for Public Radio International's This American Life.
He is the step-brother of Harvard political scientist Gary King.

## Selected publications

* 2006. "Ethnography, the Ecological Fallacy, and the 1995 Chicago Heat Wave," American Sociological Review 71.
* 2006. "Voices from the Sidewalk: Ethnography and Writing Race (in conversation with Les Back)," Ethnic and Racial Studies 29.
* 2006. "Sur la négligence théorique et autres écueils de l’ethnographie," Revue française de sociologie 1.
* 1999. (with Harvey Molotch). "Talking City Trouble: Interactional Vandalism, Social Inequality, and the 'Urban Interaction Problem,'" American Journal of Sociology 104(5).
* 1999. Sidewalk, (with Ovie Carter & Hakim Hassan). Farrar Straus and Giroux, ISBN 978-0-374-52725-9
* 1992. Slim’s Table: Race, Respectability, and Masculinity, (with Ovie Carter). University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-17030-5
# Modalities (trade negotiations)

Modalities are the formulas, targets, or specific measures used to accomplish objectives in trade negotiations. An example of modalities in the current World Trade Organization agriculture negotiations would be a percentage phase-out over a specified time period of agricultural export subsidies or the use of the Swiss formula for tariff reduction and harmonization.
These modalities can cover a wide range of topics, including the format and structure of the negotiations, the schedule for meetings and deadlines, the roles and responsibilities of the various parties involved, and the rules for resolving disputes. The goal of establishing modalities in trade negotiations is to provide a clear framework for the discussions and help ensure that the negotiations proceed in an orderly and productive manner.
# Geritola concepcion

Geritola concepcion is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Cameroon.
# Jan van Paradijs

Johannes A. van Paradijs (9 June 1946 – 2 November 1999) was a Dutch high-energy astrophysicist. He is best known for discovering the first optical afterglow of a gamma-ray burst, GRB 970228, in February 1997, together with two of his students, and for establishing that gamma-ray bursts are extragalactic events. He was married to the astrophysicist Chryssa Kouveliotou.

## Research

Van Paradijs determined the first mass of a neutron star, the X-ray pulsar Vela X-1 in 1975. In 1978 he showed that X-ray bursters are neutron stars in binary systems. Using spectroscopic mapping, he was the first to spatially resolve an accretion disk.

## Academic career

Van Paradijs obtained his PhD at the University of Amsterdam, Netherlands, in 1975, working on cool giant stars. His thesis was entitled "Studies of line spectra of G- and K-type stars" and his supervisor was David Koelbloed. Afterwards he started working on X-ray binaries. In 1988 he was appointed full professor at the University of Amsterdam, and later he worked part-time at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, U.S. He published over 400 scientific papers, including many with long-time collaborator Walter Lewin of MIT.
The minor planet 9259 Janvanparadijs was named after him.
# James Underwood (pathologist)

Sir James Cresseé Elphinstone Underwood FMedSci (born 11 April 1942) is a British pathologist who was awarded a knighthood for services to medicine in the 2005 New Year honours list.

## Early life and education

Underwood was born at Walsall in 1942, where his father, John Underwood, was a general practitioner. The family settled in Cheltenham in 1948. He was educated at Downside School, Somerset. From 1960-1965 he was a medical student at St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, and a house doctor at St Stephen's Hospital, Chelsea.

## Career

He was formerly the Dean of Sheffield University's Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and the Joseph Hunter Professor of Pathology at the same university as well as Consultant Histopathologist to the Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. From 2000–2002, by election, he served as the President of the British Division of the International Academy of Pathology and he was later elected as the President of the Royal College of Pathologists from 2002–2005.
He led his profession's response to the problems arising from tissue retention and use in the UK. Just before retirement, at the age of 64, professor Underwood became a fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences.
He was a member of the Human Tissue Authority, which monitors and regulates use of human organs in research and education. During his career Sir James recalled making a mistake when he mistook a benign adenomatoid tumor for a malignant testicular tumor, which resulted in the patient having a testicle removed unnecessarily.

## Research interests

* Liver disease
* Breast disease
* Medical Education (particularly the role of autopsy)
* He has worked on over 100 research articles
* Distinguished lecturer

## Personal

Sir James Underwood and his wife, Lady Alice, have three children. Outside work, he finds music interesting and he enjoys walks with his family.

## Books

* The book Underwood's Pathology: a Clinical Approach (published in 2013), was named after Sir James, and it won the 2014 British Medical Association Student Textbook Award.
* Co-editor of General and Systematic Pathology, Churchill Livingstone, 2009 (5th edition). Previous editions have won Sir James and contributing authors the Royal Society of Medicine Book Award (2000, 3rd Edition) and the British Medical Association Student Textbook Award (2005, 4th Edition) and a first prize in the British Book Design and Production Awards (2001, 3rd Edition).
* Former co-editor of Recent Advances in Histopathology
* Editor of Introduction to biopsy interpretation and surgical pathology
* Editor of Pathology of the nucleus
* Editor of Case studies in General and Systematic Pathology
* Former editor of the journal Histopathology
# Bulbophyllum nervulosum

Bulbophyllum nervulosum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum from Réunion.
# Bulbophyllum nigericum

Bulbophyllum nigericum is an epiphytic or epilithic plant species in the family Orchidaceae. It is native to Cameroon (Enyandong, Mt Kupe and the Bakossi Mountains), and Nigeria, where it is found growing habitually in submontane and montane, tropical or subtropical, moist forest, at elevations roughly between 800 and 2,050 meters. It is threatened by habitat loss due to continued, extensive forest clearance for the purpose of crop cultivation. It was described in 1962.
In the village of Enyandong, a specimen of B. nigericum is growing on a tree in front of the house of the village Chief, where it is visible to the public. Conservationists are hopeful that this will help raise local awareness of this plant, aid in its identification, and so promote its protection.
# Bulba (disambiguation)

Bulba is a dance based on Belarusian folk traditions.
Bulba means "potato" in Belarusian and Ukrainian.
Bulba may also refer to:
* Taras Bulba (disambiguation), a surname of several persons
* Taurus Bulba, a character in Darkwing Duck
* Bulba River, Romania
* Roman Seleznev, known by the hacker name Bulba
* Bulba Ventures, Belarusian venture capital company
# Bulbar palsy

Bulbar palsy refers to a range of different signs and symptoms linked to impairment of function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), the vagus nerve (CN X), the accessory nerve (CN XI), and the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII). It is caused by a lower motor neuron lesion in the medulla oblongata, or from lesions to these nerves outside the brainstem, and also botulism. This may be caused by any of a number of genetic, vascular, degenerative, inflammatory, and other underlying conditions. It can be differentiated from pseudobulbar palsy. When there is airway obstruction, intubation is used.

## Signs and symptoms
### Symptoms

* dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing).
* difficulty in chewing.
* nasal regurgitation.
* difficulty in handling secretions, including aspiration of liquids.
* difficulty breathing (airway obstruction).
* dysphonia (defective use of the voice, inability to produce sound due to laryngeal weakness).
* dysarthria (difficulty in articulating words due to a CNS problem), such as slurred speech.

### Signs

* flaccid paralysis, such as soft palate weakness (examined by asking the patient to say aah).
* muscle atrophy, such as tongue atrophy with fasciculations.
* nasal speech lacking in modulation and difficulty with all consonants.
* drooling of saliva.
* normal or absent jaw jerk.
* reduced or absent gag reflex.
In addition, there may be lower motor neuron lesions of the limbs.
The ocular muscles are spared and this differentiates it from myasthenia gravis.

## Causes

* Genetic: Kennedy's disease, acute intermittent porphyria.
* Vascular causes: medullary infarction, such as lateral or medial medullary infarction.
* Degenerative diseases: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, syringobulbia, Wolfram syndrome.
* Inflammatory/infective: Guillain–Barré syndrome, poliomyelitis, Lyme disease.
* Cancer: brainstem glioma, malignant meningitis.
* Toxic: botulism, venom of bark scorpion (species Centruroides), some neurotoxic snake venoms.
* Autoimmune: myasthenia gravis.

## Mechanism

Bulbar palsy involves problems with function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), the vagus nerve (CN X), the accessory nerve (CN XI), and the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII). These all emerge from pathways in the medulla oblongata. A lower motor neuron lesion can impair their function.

## Diagnosis
### Differential diagnosis

In contrast, pseudobulbar palsy is a clinical syndrome similar to bulbar palsy but in which the damage is located in upper motor neurons of the corticobulbar tracts in the mid-pons (i.e., in the cranial nerves IX-XII), that is the nerve cells coming down from the cerebral cortex innervating the motor nuclei in the medulla. This is usually caused by stroke.

## Treatment

In patients with airway obstruction due to bulbar palsy, intubation may be used. This can be tracheal intubation or supraglottal intubation.
# Bernhard Jetter

Bernhard Jetter (February 26, 1862 – August 23, 1927) was a Kingdom of Württemberg-born soldier in the U.S. Army who served with the 7th U.S. Cavalry during the Indian Wars. He was one of twenty men who received the Medal of Honor for gallantry against the Dakota at the Battle of Wounded Knee, but now called the Wounded Knee Massacre, in South Dakota on December 29, 1890.

## Biography

Bernhard Jetter was born in the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1862. He immigrated into the United States at New York City, New York, on April 17, 1881. He enlisted in K Troop, 7th Cavalry Regiment, U.S. Army on May 5, 1883, in New York City. He was promoted to sergeant; he was discharged on May 4, 1888, upon his termination of service at Rapid City, Dakota Territory with a character rating of excellent. Bernard Jetter (sic) re-enlisted near Rapid City on June 5, 1888.
Jetter was among the cavalry troops sent to arrest Chief Big Foot and disarm his Sioux followers and, on the morning of December 29, 1890, surrounded their camp on the banks of Wounded Knee Creek. In the ensuing Wounded Knee Massacre, Jetter and several other soldiers took part in search-and-destroy missions along White Clay Creek and were cited for "distinguished bravery" in skirmishes against the Sioux. Jetter himself was witnessed "killing an Indian who was in the act of killing a wounded man" in his unit. He and nineteen other members of his regiment were awarded the Medal of Honor on April 24, 1891.
Jetter was discharged as a first sergeant on June 4, 1893, at Fort Sheridan. He immediately re-enlisted on June 5, 1893, at Fort Sheridan. Jetter was naturalized as a U.S. Citizen on July 10, 1896, in the U.S. District Court in New York, New York; his occupation at the time was "U.S. soldier." He was discharged by authority of a special order on September 4, 1896, as a first sergeant at Fort Huachuca, Arizona Territory was a character rating of excellent.
Jetter married Rose Elizabeth Wagner on June 3, 1916, in New York, New York, giving his marital status as widowed.
Jetter returned to Brooklyn after leaving military service and died in Brooklyn on August 23, 1927, at the age of 65; his wife Rose survived him. He was interred at Cypress Hills National Cemetery.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company K, 7th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Sioux campaign, December 1890. Entered service at: ------. Birth: Germany. Date of issue: 24 April 1891.
Citation:
   Distinguished bravery.
# Best of Bizzle

"Best of Bizzle" is a compilation album by grime MC, Lethal Bizzle. It was released on February 27, 2011 for digital download. The album features artists such as Mr Hudson, Donae'o, Dizzee Rascal, Tawiah, Kate Nash and Mark Ronson - along with Lethal Bizzle's fellow grime artists. The first single off the album, "Pow 2011", was released on February 6, 2011. The album consists of 27 songs.

## Background

Bizzle had revealed that he was working on an album titled Best of Bizzle. In an interview in early 2011, Bizzle said: "I'm working on my fourth album, which should be out in the summer. I'm also doing a Bizzle compilation, which is gonna be out in February, again just like tracks from the whole last ten years, like a little celebration thing for the fans, they can get that. It's called The Best Of Bizzle. So yeah, and I've got this album I'm working on. I'm trying to do a real, kinda like movie album. Like the Pow video - the second record is gonna be a continuation of the video and so forth. So there's gonna be another three singles that I'm gonna be dropping."

## Singles

The first single, Pow 2011, was released on February 6, 2011, for digital download and features JME, Wiley, Chipmunk, Face, P Money, Ghetts & Kano. It is a re-make of Bizzle's hit single Pow! (Forward). Bizzle revealed that he plans on releasing three more singles from the album - and the second single's video would continue from Pow 2011.
Previous singles that have already been released and are on the album are; "Uh Oh", "Fire", "Go Hard", "Mind Your Head", "Mr.", "Bizzle Bizzle", "Police on My Back" and "Go Go Go".

## Track listing

Adapted from Amazon.co.uk.

## Charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| UK R&B Chart | 24 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format |
| United Kingdom | February 27, 2011 | Digital Download |
| United Kingdom | February 28, 2011 | CD |
# Bungeelva

Bungeelva is a river in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It flows from the lake Bungevatnet towards the sea, passing between Tørrflya and Bungeleira and the front of the glacier Vitkovskijbreen. The river is named after Russian Arctic explorer Alexandr Alexandrovich Bunge.
# Bertrall Ross

Bertrall L. Ross II (born 1976) is an American legal scholar.
Ross completed his bachelor's degree at the University of Colorado–Boulder, and earned a Master's in Public Affairs from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs in 2003, as well as a second master's degree from the London School of Economics. Ross obtained his degree in law from Yale Law School. He taught at the University of California, Berkeley as Chancellor's Professor of Law, until joining the University of Virginia School of Law in 2021 as Justice Thurgood Marshall Distinguished Professor of Law.
# Bertram (Archdeacon of Armagh)

Bertram was Archdeacon of Armagh from 1256; he was still in office in 1261.
# Jamrud Tehsil

Jamrud Tehsil is a subdivision located in Khyber District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The population is 228,001 according to the 2017 census.
# James Waldegrave

James Waldegrave may refer to:
* James Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave, British diplomat
* James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave, British politician
* James Waldegrave, 13th Earl Waldegrave, British peer and businessman
# Besenyőd

Besenyőd is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.

## Geography

It covers an area of 9.45 km$^2$ (4 sq mi) and has a population of 681 people (2013 estimate).

## Population

| Year | 1980 | 1990 | 2001 | 2010 | 2011 | 2013 |
| Population | 688 (census) | 572 (census) | 699 (census) | 650 (estimate) | 669 (census) | 681 (estimate) |
# Besenello

Besenello (Besenèl in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Trento. It is located at the entrance of the Vallagarina. The main attraction is the Castel Beseno, the largest fortified structure in Trentino and the Romanesque church of Sant'Agata.
Besenello borders the following municipalities: Trento, Vigolo Vattaro, Bosentino, Vattaro, Aldeno, Centa San Nicolò, Calliano, Nomi, and Folgaria.
# Bullhead Lake

Bullhead Lake may refer to:

## Lakes

In the United States:
* Bullhead Lake (Glacier County, Montana)
* Bullhead Lake in Chippewa River (Michigan)
* Bullhead Lake in Lake Eunice Township, Becker County, Minnesota
* Bullhead Lake in Kego Township, Cass County, Minnesota
* Bullhead Lake in Sugar Bush Township, Becker County, Minnesota
* Bullhead Lake in Kelliher Township, Beltrami County, Minnesota
* Bullhead Lake (Otter Tail County, Minnesota)
* Bullhead Lake (Watonwan County, Minnesota)
* Bullhead Lake (Roberts County, South Dakota)
* Lake Louise (Roaring Gap, North Carolina), formerly known as Bullhead Lake
# Church of the Mediator

Church of the Mediator may refer to:
* Church of the Mediator (Micanopy, Florida)
* Episcopal Church of the Mediator (Bronx, New York)
# Bruno Kovačić

Bruno Kovačić is a Croatian musician and composer.

## Biography

His career began in the 1980s when he formed the band called D-Day. Afterwards he worked with all the important musicians and singers in and around Croatia as a musician, composer or an arranger. By late 80'a he entered Parni valjak as a guitarist and saxophone player, then performed with Gibonni, Hard Time and Fanny Hill, and he recorded his album "Just Like All Other People" in 2001. He wrote songs for Oliver Dragojević, Ivan Mikulić, Tony Cetinski, Danijela, Vanna, Jacques Houdek, and for his wife Ivana Plechinger with whom he wrote hit songs such as To nismo mi and Kao rijeka which scored second on Dora in 2000. Ivana and Bruno have two sons.

## Discography
### Albums

* Just Like All Other People (2001)

### Cooperation

* Vanna (Tako nježno tako lažno, Kao rijeka (written with Ivana Plechinger), Hrabra kao prije, Ljubi me za kraj, Sama, Kupi mi, Ledeno doba, Početak i kraj, Ivana, Da sve je ovo bilo jučer, Ponovo moj, Reci, Kome, Baš kao ti i ja)
* Oliver Dragojević (3 songs: Dišem, Ovaj put ne, Priča se, To nismo mi (written with Ivana Plechinger, performed with Divas))
* Tony Cetinski (1 song: Moje sve)
* Ivana Plechinger (most of the songs on her three albums)
* Jacques Houdek (2 songs: Ne vjerujem, Kao zrak)
* Ivan Mikulić (2 songs: Ej zoro, Jedina)
# Omupanda

Omupanda was a mission station of the Rhenish Mission Society in Oukwanyama in southern Angola, located 10 km to the south-east of Ondjiva.

## History

Omupanda was founded in 1892 by German missionary August Wulfhorst. At the time, it was thought that the area was part of German South West Africa.
Just as the first building was completed, it burned down and had to be rebuilt.
In 1900, the German missionary Hermann Tönjes came to Omupanda, together with his newly wed wife Anna (née Rautanen), daughter of the Finnish missionary Martti Rautanen.
The Germans had to leave Angola in 1916 as a result of World War I, and thus Omupanda was left empty. In 1928, the mission was transferred to the Catholic Church, and it remains Catholic to this day.
# Call + Response

Call + Response is a documentary film released in 2008 by Fair Trade Pictures to support human rights activism against human trafficking and slavery on a community level. The film was Justin Dillon's directorial debut. This is the final film that Don LaFontaine voiced the trailers for. The movie was released a month after his death.

## Details

The film explores the 21st century slave trade industry and offers firsthand accounts on the issue from Cornel West, Madeleine Albright, Daryl Hannah, Julia Ormond, Ashley Judd, Nicholas D. Kristof, and many other prominent political and cultural figures. The film also includes musical performances from Moby, Natasha Bedingfield, Cold War Kids, Matisyahu, Imogen Heap, Emmanuel Jal, Talib Kweli, The Scrolls, Five For Fighting, Switchfoot, Rocco Deluca, and Justin Dillon.
Call + Response led to the formation of Fair Trade Fund, Inc., d.b.a. Made In A Free World, a non-profit organization dedicated to ending modern-day slavery. All profits from Call + Response, such as from sales of the DVD, soundtrack, and iTunes downloads, are used to support Made In A Free World's projects, aimed at disrupting the business of slavery, particularly child slavery and forced labor.