OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Henry the Younger of Stolberg

Count Henry the Younger of Stolberg (4 January 1467 in Stolberg – 16 December 1508 in Cologne), was Lord of Wernigerode and stadtholder of Friesland.

## Life

Henry the Younger of Stolberg was the son of Count Henry IX of Stolberg and his first wife Matilda, the daughter of the Count Volrad of Mansfeld. He had a twin brother Bodo VIII.
His father send his brother Bodo to southern Germany in his early childhood. Henry the Younger, on the other hand, was participating in government business from 1489 onwards. In 1497, when he was 30 years old, his father transferred the reign of the County of Stolberg and the County of Wernigerode to him. Bodo was unhappy and in 1499, their father decided that Bodo and Henry should rule jointly for the next four years.
Henry the Younger had been in the service of Elector Frederick III of Saxony since 1491. In 1493, Henry accompanied Frederick III on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land and was accoladed Knight of the Holy Sepulchre. In 1498, he accompanied Frederick III on a journey to Königsberg, after Frederick had been elected Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.
On 14 April 1506, Duke George of Saxony appointed him stadtholder of Friesland.
Henry the Younger died in Cologne on 16 December 1508, while travelling.
# Taekwondo at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's 67 kg

The women's 67 kg competition of the taekwondo events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 21 at the Mississauga Sports Centre. The defending Pan American Games champion was Melissa Pagnotta of the Canada.

## Qualification

Most athletes qualified through the qualification tournament held in March 2015 in Mexico, while host nation Canada was permitted to enter one athlete. An athlete from Haiti later received a wildcard to compete in the event.

## Schedule

All times are Eastern Daylight Time (UTC-4).
| Date | Time | Round |
| July 21, 2015 | 14:05 | Preliminaries |
| July 21, 2015 | 15:35 | Quarterfinals |
| July 21, 2015 | 16:35 | Semifinals |
| July 21, 2015 | 20:05 | Repechage |
| July 21, 2015 | 20:35 | Bronze medal matches/Final |

## Results
### Main bracket

The final results were:
| Preliminary round | Preliminary round | Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Gold medal match | Gold medal match |
| | | Paige McPherson (USA) | 5 | | | | |
| Patricia Figueroa (CHI) | 0 | Daima Villalon (CUB) | 3 | | | | |
| Daima Villalon (CUB) | 12 | | | Paige McPherson (USA) | 8 | | |
| Adanys Cordero (VEN) | 3 | | | Julia Vasconcelos (BRA) | 6 | | |
| Aniya Louissaint (HAI) | 1 | Adanys Cordero (VEN) | 1 | | | | |
| Brieanna Hernandez (PUR) | 5 | Julia Vasconcelos (BRA) | 3 | | | | |
| Julia Vasconcelos (BRA) | 12 | | | | | Paige McPherson (USA) | 13 |
| Katherine Dumar (COL) | 3 | | | | | Victoria Heredia (MEX) | 1 |
| Iris Carvallo (ECU) | 2 | Katherine Dumar (COL) | 2 | | | | |
| Yosselyn Molina (HON) | 1 | Katherine Alvarado (CRC) | 8 | | | | |
| Katherine Alvarado (CRC) | 5 | | | Katherine Alvarado (CRC) | 2 | | |
| Alexis Arnoldt (ARG) | 9 | | | Victoria Heredia (MEX) | 3 | | |
| Victoria Heredia (MEX) | 10 | Victoria Heredia (MEX) | 14 | | | | |
| | | Ashley Kraayeveld (CAN) | 2 | | | | |

### Repechage

| Semifinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match |
| | | | 1 | Julia Vasconcelos (BRA) | 1 |
| 2 | Ashley Kraayeveld (CAN) | 0 | | Alexis Arnoldt (ARG) | 5 |
| 3 | Alexis Arnoldt (ARG) | 21 | | | |
| Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match |
| Daima Villalon (CUB) | 9 |
| Katherine Alvarado (CRC) | 3 |
# Ram Parkash Lakha

Ram Parkash Lakha OBE was Lord Mayor of Coventry for 2005 to 2006. He was first elected in May 1989 in Upper Stoke Ward. Then after with one years’ absence, he was elected in May 1991 to represent Binley and Willenhall Ward and has been serving this ward as Labour Councillor since then.

## Early life

Lakha was born into a Ravidasia Sikh family in a small village (Nawan Pind Naicha) in the Indian Punjab in 1949. Lakha gained a degree in economics, politics, and English from Panjab University, later working as a civil servant before coming to Coventry in 1977.

## Socio-political roles

He was appointed Deputy Lord Mayor of Coventry for 2004 to 2005 and then Lord Mayor of Coventry for 2005 to 2006. He served on the West Midlands Fire and Civil Defence Authority for one year as a representative of the council and also served as a non-executive director of Whitefriars Housing Group. He was a governor of Coventry Technical College during 1989–1990 and served as a school governor at Stoke Park Secondary School for over ten years. He is currently the school governor at Willenhall Community Primary School. During his tenure as president of the Shri Guru Ravidass Sabha UK, he helped the development of the Shri Guru Ravidass Technical College in Phagwara, Punjab, by supporting the fundraising efforts.

## Opposition to caste discrimination

He was a victim of political caste discrimination during the initial days of his political life. He faced caste discrimination from the Indian Brahmin and Jatt communities in Coventry because they could not tolerate him on the front lines of politics. Hence, they organised his deselection as a Labour Party candidate at the end of his one-year term in 1990. Because of his work within the Labour Party, he was selected from Binley and Willenhall Wards by all "white" members of the Labour Party in 1991. With their support, he won the election, and since then, he has carried on being selected as a Labour candidate and winning to continue as a Labour councillor.
# Nutopia (disambiguation)

Nutopia ("The Country of Peace") is a fictional country created by John Lennon and Yoko Ono.
Other uses include:
* "Nutopia", a track on the 1999 Meg Lee Chin album Piece and Love
* Nutopia (production company), a US/UK television production company
* "Nutopian International Anthem", a track from the 1973 John Lennon album Mind Games
* (N)utopia, an album by Graveworm
# Robert Adams (science fiction writer)

Franklin Robert Adams (August 31, 1933 – January 4, 1990), who published as Robert Adams, was an American science fiction and fantasy writer. He is known best for his Horseclans books.

## Writings

Robert Adams is known primarily for his post-apocalyptic fiction. His first book, Coming of the Horseclans, published in 1975, was the first of his post-apocalyptic works, and began his Horseclans series. The series is notable for having a detailed world and labyrinthine timeline (many of his Horseclans books are so cross-referenced that they make sense only when read in sequential order). The Horseclans series became his best-known works. While he never completed the series, he wrote 18 novels in the Horseclans series before his death.
From 1979 to 1989, Adams published several books as part of the series Castaways in Time. They used some elements of the "Horseclans" novels (phonetic accents and themes of civilization versus barbarism). While not as popular as the Horseclans series, it has a readership for its unique premises.
Beginning in 1985, Adams published several anthologies which he co-edited with a number of editors including Martin H. Greenberg. He later began publishing The Stairway to Forever book series in 1988, but only was able to complete two books of the series before his death.
Adams' style includes violent, almost non-stop action, and meticulous detail for matters both historical and military. As some of his series progressed he sometimes digressed, expounding conservative and especially libertarian opinions.
Adams died in Apopka, Florida on January 4, 1990.
# My Way, Soon

"My Way, Soon" is a song by American rock band Greta Van Fleet, released as the lead single for the band's second studio album The Battle at Garden's Gate. The track peaked at number one on the US Mainstream Rock chart. It was released alongside a music video on October 9, 2020.

## Background

According to the band, the track is inspired by "three years of touring", which according to Josh Kiszka, his experiences, thoughts, and changes of perspectives for the band when touring. Bassist Sam Kizka added on saying
"We've seen how people live in different parts of the world and we've developed intrinsic respect for different cultures and people. We've gone from driving down a highway to a show and seeing endless miles of shantytowns in Sao Paulo, to playing some of the richest places on earth."

## Composition

The song had been described as a "brisk rocker", "breezy rocker", that shifts between "a shuffle and a stomp", with bluesy guitar riffs and spindly guitar pedals over the top. The track was also called "liberating and jubilant track that celebrates and reflects the band’s personal transformation over the past three years" by the band. Overall, the track is considered very uptempo track.

## Music video

The video for the track was released alongside the single, edited and directed by the band. The video shows the band on stage, on the road, and behind the scenes of the tour they were on at the time.

## Personnel

Greta Van Fleet
* Joshua Kiszka – vocals, background vocals
* Jacob Kiszka – guitar, backing vocals
* Samuel Kiszka – bass, keyboards, background vocals
* Daniel Wagner – drums, background vocals
Technical
* Greg Kurstin – production, engineering
* Mark "Spike" Stent – mixing
* Julian Burg – engineering
* Alex Pasco – engineering
* Matt Wolach – mixing assistance
* Matt Tuggle – recording assistance
* Peter Luretig – recording assistance
* Brian Rajaratnam – recording assistance

## Charts

| Chart (2020–2021) | Peak position |
| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 45 |
| US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) | 1 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | Tip |
| Canada Rock (Billboard) | 8 |
# NNVAV

NNVAV is the second studio album by Mexican singer Zemmoa, released digitally and on vinyl on 15 June 2015.

## Background

In 2015 Zemmoa presented her second album NNVAV (Nothing is going to beat us) produced by Yamil Rezc (Julieta Venegas, Zoé, Hello Seahorse!), Juan Soto, Renato del Real and Andrés Jaime (Wet Baes).
   Because in difficult times it is always better to think that nothing is going to beat us.

## Videos

* Hombre De Hojalata
* Ciencia Ficción
* +D10
# John Ferraby

John Ferraby (January 9, 1914 – September 5, 1973) was a British Baháʼí born in Southsea, England, into a liberal Jewish family. He was educated at Malvern College and King's College, Cambridge, to which he won a major scholarship. He became a Baháʼí in 1941 and was elected as secretary of the National Spiritual Assembly, which he remained until 1959.
In October 1957, Ferraby was appointed a Hand of the Cause of God by Shoghi Effendi. From 1959 to 1963, he served as one of the nine Custodians at the Baháʼí World Centre in Haifa, Israel.

## Works

* Ferraby, John (1987) [1957]. All Things Made New: A Comprehensive Outline of the Baháʼí Faith. Baháʼí Distribution Service of the UK. ISBN 978-0900125249.
All Things Made New is notable for the changes made from the original publication in 1957 to subsequent editions published after the passing of Shoghi Effendi. For example, comparing the original 1957 edition to the 1987 edition, among the numerous alterations, is the replacement of his dedication of the book to "The First Guardian of the Baháʼí Faith" to simply "The Guardian." Other references to "the Guardian" have been replaced with "the Universal House of Justice."
# Nie Weiping

Nie Weiping (simplified Chinese: 聂卫平; traditional Chinese: 聶衛平; pinyin: Niè Wèipíng; born 17 August 1952) is a Chinese professional Go player.

## Biography

Nie was born in Shenzhou. He was a childhood friend of future Chinese leader Xi Jinping. His brother, Liu Weiping, became a general in the People's Liberation Army.
Nie began learning Go at the age of nine and won the inaugural World Amateur Go Championship in 1979. Nie was given 9 dan rank in 1982. He became famous in the Go world after leading China to victory in the China-Japan Supermatches, beating several top Japanese players including his teacher, Fujisawa Hideyuki. He earned the nickname "Steel Goalkeeper" for his ability to string together wins as the last Chinese player left. Nie won the Tianyuan twice, in 1991 and 1992. Nie authored the book Nie Weiping on Go: The Art of Positional Judgment in 1995.

## Promotion record

| Rank | Year | Notes |
| 1 dan | 1982 | |
| 2 dan | 1982 | |
| 3 dan | 1982 | |
| 4 dan | 1982 | |
| 5 dan | 1982 | |
| 6 dan | 1982 | |
| 7 dan | 1982 | |
| 8 dan | 1982 | |
| 9 dan | 1982 | Special promotion to 9 dan for past performance. |

## Titles and runners-up

    As of 11 November 2020
Ranks #3 in total number of titles in China.
Domestic :
| Title | Wins | Runners-up |
| Guoshou | 1 (1981) | 1 (1982) |
| National Go Individual | 6 (1975, 1977–1979, 1981, 1983) | 1 (1984) |
| Qiwang | 1 (1990) | 1 (1991) |
| New Sports Cup | 8 (1979–1983, 1988–1990) | 2 (1984, 1991) |
| Mingren | | 1 (1991) |
| Tianyuan | 2 (1991, 1992) | 3 (1987, 1993, 1995) |
| Shiqiang | 6 (1987-1989, 1991, 1993–1994) | 1 (1990) |
| Baosheng Cup | 4 (1991-1992, 1994–1995) | |
| Longshan Cup | | 1 (1995) |
| CCTV Cup | 3 (1987, 1993, 1997) | 3 (1989, 1992, 1995) |
| Haitian Seniors Cup | 1 (1998) | |
| Weifu Fangkai Cup | 1 (2003) | |
| Taiping Shuzhen Cup | 4 (2016, 2018–20) | 1 (2017) |
| Total | 37 | 14 |
| Continental |||
| Title | Wins | Runners-up |
| China-Japan Tengen | 1 (1992) | |
| Mingyue Shan Cup | | 1 (2015) |
| China-Japan-Korea Veterans Tournament | | 1 (2018) |
| Nie Weiping Cup | | 1 (2019) |
| Total | 1 | 3 |
| International |||
| Title | Wins | Runners-up |
| Ing Cup | | 1 (1988) |
| Fujitsu Cup | | 1 (1990) |
| Tong Yang Cup | | 1 (1995) |
| Total | 0 | 3 |
| Career Total |||
| Total | 38 | 20 |
# Rawsthorne

Rawsthorne or Rawsthorn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan Rawsthorne (1905–1971), English composer
* Alice Rawsthorn (b. 1958), English journalist
* John Rawsthorne (b. 1936), English Catholic bishop
* Isabel Rawsthorne (1912–1992), British painter
* Noel Rawsthorne (1929–2019), English organist and composer
# Chamber ballet

A chamber ballet is a chamber music performance or work that features one or more ballet dancers. Examples are a chamber music composition with the addition of dancers, or a full-scale ballet performed using a smaller ensemble.
Den Collinske Gård in Copenhagen was a venue pioneering chamber ballet performances in 2010–11.
# Rainbow Sash Movement

The Rainbow Sash Movement is an organisation of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender Catholics, with their families and friends, who are publicly calling the Catholic Church to a "conversion of heart around issues of human sexuality".

## History in Australia

The Movement was established in 1998 in Melbourne, Australia in response to the refusal of London's Cardinal Basil Hume, and Melbourne's Archbishop George Pell and New York's Cardinal John O'Connor, to provide communion to two openly gay Catholic men, one a priest, in 1997.
On Pentecost Sunday 31 May 1998 a group of 70 people attended Mass in St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne, wearing a Rainbow Sash.
The movement acted again on Pentecost Sunday in 2002.

## History in the United States

The Rainbow Sash Movement was taken up in US in 2000, with Melbourne-based Michael B. Kelly as the group's international spokesperson. The movement is largely based out of Chicago, Illinois.
The movement acted on Pentecost Sunday in 2001- 2007, and 2010. In 2012 the movement criticized the Knights of Columbus for supporting and funding homophobic messaging and campaigns. The organization also acted in October 2010 in Collegeville, Minnesota, and in October 2013 in Springfield, Illinois.
As of 2023, the movement is still ongoing.

## History in England

English Catholics have also taken part in the movement since the late 1997. The movement was ongoing as of 2010.

## Activity

The Rainbow Sash itself is a strip of a rainbow-colored fabric which is worn over the left shoulder and is put on at the beginning of the Liturgy. The members go up to receive Eucharist. If denied, they go back to pews and remain standing, but if the Eucharist is received then they go back to the pew and kneel in the traditional way.
Pentecost Sunday was chosen because the day is "a celebration of God's gifts", including the gift of sexuality. The sash is meant to serve as an act of celebration rather than an act of protest.
# Centre Congregational Church

The Centre Congregational Church is a historic Congregational church on Province Road (New Hampshire Route 107) in Gilmanton, New Hampshire. Built in 1826–27, it is one of the region's best examples of a late Federal-period church. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## Description and history

The Centre Congregational Church is located in the village center of Gilmanton, on the north side of Province Road just west of its junction with New Hampshire Route 140. It is a two-story wood-frame structure with a gable roof. Its main block is rectangular, with an unusually deep entrance pavilion topped by a full pediment and two-stage square belltower. The main entrance is a large double door flanked by paired columns, supporting an entablature and projecting cornice. It is flanked by a pair of large arched windows, and there is a recessed molded panel with a decorative swag above the doorway. The belltower's first stage is a simple square clapboarded section, and the second stage uses corner pilasters and arched louvers. The interior retains original flooring and woodwork, as well as kerosene light fixtures (although these are no longer used). Alterations include the removal of some of the original pews to make way for an organ.
The church was built in 1826-27 for a local Congregationalist congregation, created by some sort of religious division with the First Congregational Church. The building avoided the fate of similar surviving period churches, the updating of its interior during the Victorian period, because the town's population declined during that time.
# Marsh Barton

50°42′14″N 3°31′19″W﻿ / ﻿50.704°N 3.522°W﻿ / 50.704; -3.522
Marsh Barton is the largest trading estate in Exeter, covering over 1.2 square miles (3.1 km$^2$). It supports over 500 diverse businesses including one of Europe's largest motoring centres, showrooms, city plumbing, builders merchants, and tool and plant hire. It is also home to the head office of the Apple Premium Reseller, Stormfront Retail Ltd.
A new railway station to serve Marsh Barton was opened on 4th July 2023.

## History

Marsh Barton was a medieval village south of Exeter and north of Alphington. At the turn of the 20th century the main part of Marsh Barton was the former Marsh Barton Priory, also known as St Marys Priory (home to Augustinian Canons Regular). On the west and east was the Exeter railway and Great Western Railway respectively, the former swung in a westerly direction whilst the latter made its way south to Dawlish.
The site was selected for a new greyhound track in 1928, and racing continued until 1957 when it was demolished.
# NNT (gene)

NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NNT gene on chromosome 5.
The NNT gene contains 26 exons and encodes a transhydrogenase protein that is ~109 kDa in molecular weight and is involved in antioxidant defense in the mitochondria. Two alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been found for this gene.

## Structure

Transhydrogenases including NNT can exist in an ‘open’ conformation, where substrates can bind and products can dissociate, in which the dihydronicotinamide and nicotinamide rings are held apart to block hydride transfer. It can exist in an ‘occluded’ conformation, where the substrates are moved into apposition to permit redox chemistry. The protein comprises three subunits (dI, dII and dIII), with the dII component spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane. X-ray crystallography structure of the protein shows that proton pumping is probably coupled to changes in the binding affinities of dIII for NADP(+) and NADPH. The first betaalphabetaalphabeta motif of dIII contains a Gly-X-Gly-X-X-Ala/Val fingerprint, whereas the nicotinamide ring of NADP(+) is located on a ridge where it can interact with NADH on the dI subunit.

## Function

NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial is an integral protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The enzyme couples hydride transfer of reducing equivalent between NAD(H) and NADP(+) to proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Under most physiological conditions, the enzyme uses energy from the mitochondrial proton gradient to produce high concentrations of NADPH. The resulting NADPH is used for biosynthesis as well as in reactions inside the mitochondria required to remove reactive oxygen species such as to retain a reduced glutathione pool (high GSH/GSSG ratio). The enzyme may be inactivated by oxidative modifications.
Reaction catalyzed:
* NADPH + NAD+ = NADP+ + NADH.

## Clinical significance

NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial abundance may be associated with human heart failure. In failing hearts, a partial loss of NAD(P) transhydrogenase's mitochondrial activity negatively impacts the NADPH-dependent enzyme activities in the mitochondria and the capacity of mitochondria to maintain proton gradients, which may adversely impact energy production and oxidative stress defense in heart failure and exacerbate oxidative damage to cellular proteins.
Mutations in the NNT gene have been associated to familial glucocorticoid deficiency 1, a severe autosomal recessive disorder in human characterized by insensitivity to adrenocorticotropic hormone action on the adrenal cortex and an inability of the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol Glucocorticoid deficiency 1 usually presents in neonatal to early childhood with episodes of hypoglycemia and other symptoms related to cortisol deficiency, including failure to thrive, recurrent illnesses or infections, convulsions, and shock. Diagnosis is confirmed with a low plasma cortisol measurement in the presence of an elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone level, and normal aldosterone and plasma renin measurements.
# Platycapnos

Platycapnos is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Papaveraceae.
Its native range is Canary Islands, Western and Central Mediterranean.
Species:
* Platycapnos saxicola Willk.
* Platycapnos spicatus (L.) Bernh.
* Platycapnos tenuilobus Pomel