OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Symphony No. 1 (Nielsen)

Symphony No. 1 in G minor, Op. 7, FS 16, is the first symphony of Danish composer Carl Nielsen. Written between 1891 and 1892, it was dedicated to his wife, Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen. The work's première, on 14 March 1894, was performed by Johan Svendsen conducting the Chapel Royal Orchestra (Royal Danish Orchestra), with Nielsen himself among the second violins. It is one of two symphonies by Nielsen without a subtitle (the other being his Symphony No. 5).

## Structure

The symphony is in the standard four movements:
* Allegro orgoglioso
* Andante
* Allegro comodo – Andante sostenuto – Tempo I
* Finale. Allegro con fuoco
A typical performance takes approximately 35 minutes.
The symphony's melodies have a distinctive Danish flavour and are imbued with Nielsen's personal style. Nielsen scholar Robert Simpson describes the composer's symphonic debut as "probably the most highly organized first symphony ever written by a young man of twenty-seven."
The work opens in G minor, and closes with a rousing peroration in C major. This tendency to move away from the original key to C major is the basis of the whole symphony's tonal structure, and displays for the first time Nielsen's hallmark compositional device, "progressive tonality." (Nielsen at one stage even thought of calling the work "Symphony in C".) Simpson states "it is possibly the first symphony to end in a key other than that in which it started".

## Instrumentation

* 3 flutes, flute 1 doubles piccolo in movement 4
* 2 oboes
* 2 clarinets in B-flat
* 2 bassoons
* 4 horns (1 and 2 in E-flat, G, and C basso; 3 and 4 in B-flat basso and F)
* 2 trumpets in E-flat and C
* 3 trombones (2 tenor, 1 bass)
* Timpani
* Strings
# Frontiers in Plant Science

Frontiers in Plant Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of botany. It was established in 2010 and is published by Frontiers Media. The editor-in-chief is Yunde Zhao (University of California, San Diego).

## Abstracting and indexing

Since 2019, the journal has a score of 2 in the Norwegian Scientific Index, which "covers the most prestigious and rigorous channels, which publish 20 percent of the publications".
According to the Frontiers, the journal Frontiers in Plant Science 2021 impact factor is 6.627.
# Hypatima caryodora

Hypatima caryodora is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1913. It is found in Assam, India.
The wingspan is 15–16 mm. The forewings are pale fulvous irrorated (sprinkled) with dark fuscous and with the costa, fold, and dorsum irrorated with whitish towards the base. There are two dark fuscous dots beneath the costa near the base and a triangular dark fuscous blotch occupying the median third of the costa, reaching halfway across wing, partially edged with whitish suffusion. four violet-whitish oblique strigulae are found on the costa posteriorly and there is a pale violet inwardly oblique mark from the tornus, as well as an outwardly oblique mark from the termen below the middle, and two small marks in the disc above these. A black dash rests on the termen beneath the apex. The hindwings are whitish ochreous, with the veins, apex, and termen suffused with fuscous.
# Institute for Affordable Transportation

The Institute for Affordable Transportation (IAT) is a non-profit organization located in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. The IAT is devoted to developing high-quality, low-cost transportation to provide mobility, freedom and economic hope to people in rural areas of developing countries. This involves a class of transportation known as a Basic Utility Vehicle (BUV). BUV's are designed to provide mobility, freedom and economic hope to people in rural areas of developing countries. The BUV can promote trade and sustainable development by allowing micro-business growth and trade at a grassroots level.
In order to engage young engineering and technology talent, the IAT has enlisted educational institutions in the design and development of BUV's. Other universities are involved with the IAT initiative in marketing research to calculate costs, target market, distribution, location, service and logistics issues.
Will Austin, the Executive Director of IAT, began working full-time on the BUV design in April 2000 and founded the Institute for Affordable Transportation as a 501(c)(3) public charity shortly thereafter. IAT is funded by individuals, foundations, churches, and international corporations.
# Fulmar (1868)

The Fulmar was a cargo vessel that sank in the Atlantic Ocean off Kilkee, County Clare, Ireland, on the night of 30 January 1886. At the time of the disaster the ship was transporting coal from Troon in Ayrshire, Scotland to Limerick city in Ireland. Occurring 50 years to the day of the sinking of the Intrinsic, the ship is one of four that have perished with loss of life off the coast of the small town of Kilkee, the others being the Edmond, and the Inishtrahull.

## Background

Originally built for Francis Atkinson in 1868, Fulmar was bought in 1877 by Middlesbrough businessman James Dixon. The sinking was not the first time it had been en-toiled in trouble, with the ship running aground near the French town of Boulogne-sur-Mer in 1883. After this the ship required extensive repairs, with the bill eventually coming to around £6,000 (£300,000 today). The ship was then laid up in the Royal Victoria Dock in London for two years, being used only for a few coastal voyages in the intervening period. The port side of the ship suffered damage when lying in Dún Laoghaire harbour in 1885 and on its return to Troon in Scotland, began to leak. When the vessel arrived in Troon harbour it was given temporary repairs and a decision was made that it would continue on to Limerick, as it had been chartered, and when it returned it would be sent to Cardiff for a full overhaul and repair.

## Last voyage and sinking

Fulmar left Troon on the afternoon of 28 January 1886 with a crew of 17 aboard. On the ship at the time was 809 tons 11 cwt. of coal bound for Limerick and 55 tons 5 cwt. in the vessel's bunkers. According to the wreck report compiled after the disaster the ship was listing considerably on the starboard side due to it having 10 to 12 tons more coal than the port bunker. In ordinary circumstances the ship should have completed its journey in approximately 50 hours, making her estimated arrival in Limerick on 30 January at 18.30pm. During the night of the 30th and the early morning of the 31st, gale force winds of between 9 and 10 were reported along the west coast of Ireland and it is believed that Fulmar foundered in these, not helped by the fact that it was already listing. What had happened only came to knowledge on 31 January when a quantity of wreckage identified as belonging to the Fulmar was picked up near Kilkee, a town located about 22 km from the entrance to the River Shannon, the ship's intended route. On 4 February, the body of a person, believed to have been Captain Webb, washed ashore. This was the only victim of the 17 aboard to be recovered. It is believed the ship foundered in an approximate position of 52°43′N 09°37.5′W﻿ / ﻿52.717°N 9.6250°W﻿ / 52.717; -9.6250.
# Interactive course

An interactive course typically describes material of an educational nature delivered in a format which allows the user to directly impact the materials' content, pace, and outcome. Interactive, as defined by the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, is "involving the actions or input of a user". An example of such material would be a computer-based presentation requiring a user to select the correct answer to a given question before proceeding to the next topic.
# Wadesboro, Kentucky

Wadesboro or Waidsboro is an unincorporated community in Calloway County, Kentucky, United States.

## History

The first settlement in Calloway County was likely made near Wadesboro in 1818. Wadesboro served as the first county seat.
# Swindon Victoria F.C.

Swindon Victoria Football Club was a football club based in Swindon, Wiltshire, England.

## History

Swindon Victoria, formed out of the Swindon Victoria Cricket Club, is recorded as both an association football and rugby football in 1884, but by November 1889 was exclusively playing association.
It was a founder member of the Swindon and District League in 1894, and was the first winner of the Swindon & District Knockout Cup. The club briefly resigned from the Wiltshire League in 1900 in protest at a censure for refusing to finish a Wiltshire Cup tie against Chippenham.
The club's finest season was 1920–21, in which it won the Wiltshire Senior Cup and Wiltshire League, and also reached the final of the FA Amateur Cup for the only time, having played through the tournament from the qualifying rounds. The club was unlucky in that opponents Bishop Auckland not only had significant final experience, being the Cup holders, but also had a short journey to Ayresome Park for the final, while Swindon had a 500-mile round trip. Although the club lost 4–2 (having conceded four in the first half), it had the benefit of sharing in the receipts from a 20,000 gate; the club's average match takings beforehand had been £6.
The most prominent league in which the club played was the Western League from 1924 to 1926. The Vics' best FA Cup run was to the fourth and final qualifying round in 1930–31, but it lost 3–0 at Trowbridge Town.
In 1975, because the club's ground no longer met the level of facilities required by the Wiltshire Football Association, the club merged with Malmesbury United, to form a new club, Malmesbury Victoria, playing in Malmesbury. The new club took Swindon Victoria's place in Division One of the Wiltshire Combination.

## Colours

The club wore red and white striped shirts, black or white shorts, and black socks, with a white change kit.

## Ground

The club played at the Duke of Edinburgh Ground at Gorse Hill.
# Hypatima manjakatompo

Hypatima manjakatompo is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Viette in 1956. It is found in Madagascar.
# Hypatima mangiferae

Hypatima mangiferae is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Sattler in 1989. It is found in Kenya.
The larvae feed on Mangifera indica.
# Hypatima nigrogrisea

Hypatima nigrogrisea is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Anthonie Johannes Theodorus Janse in 1949. It is found in South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, North-West Province) and Zimbabwe.
# Hypatima mycetinopa

Hypatima mycetinopa is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1934. It is found in Fiji.
# Intelligence Commendation Medal

The Intelligence Commendation Medal is awarded by the Central Intelligence Agency for the performance of especially commendable service or for an act or achievement significantly above normal duties which results in an important contribution to the mission of the Agency.

## Known recipients

* James Barron
* David W. Doyle
* Scott F. Large
* Ray McGovern
* Jonna Mendez
# International Geoscience Programme

The International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme (IGCP) is a cooperative enterprise of UNESCO (the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) and the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).
It was launched in 1972 and originally termed the International Geological Correlation Programme, the source of the acronym IGCP which it retains. For decades the programme was known as the International Geoscience Programme. In November 2015 the name was changed to International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme as the global geoparks were made part of the programme.
The aim of the IGCP is to facilitate research cooperation among geoscientists across frontiers and national boundaries, through joint research work, meetings and workshops. At the present time IGCP has about 400 active projects involving thousands of scientists from about 150 countries.
# Fureai (band)

Fureai (ふれあい) was a Japanese music duo active from 1999 to 2003. The duo consisted of 2 childhood friends, forming the group in their 3rd year of high school. Their first mini-album and single were released on indies labels, Cafe au Label and DNA CAPSULES. Their second single with Pony Canyon became their major debut and a nationwide hit. Their last single, with King Records, was used an ending theme for the anime The Prince of Tennis.

## Singles

* (2000.07.27) "胸の音" (Heartbeat)
* (2000.11.22) "赤いリンゴ" (Red Apple)
* (2001.02.07) "冬の空" (Winter Sky)
* (2001.08.10) "過ぎていく" (Move On)
* (2001.12.05) "約束" (Promise)
* (2002.05.15) "風が強く吹いて" (Wind is Raging)
* (2003.05.21) "風の旅人" (Wind Traveler)

## Albums

* (1999.09.21) "情熱の行方" (Location of Passion)
* (2001.03.07) "不思議な人" (Intriguing Person)
* (2002.07.17) "雨上がり" (After the Rain)
# Internal history

Internal history of a language refers to the historical development of its linguistic forms (phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon) and semantics. It is contrasted with "external history", which refers to the social and geopolitical history of the language.
The history of any language can be divided into external and internal history. The former aspect concerns the political and social developments in the community speaking the language while the latter involves the changes which take place over time within the language itself.
# Symphony of Living

Symphony of Living is a 1935 American film directed by Frank R. Strayer and starring Evelyn Brent.

## Plot summary

There is this old concertmaster of the Cosmopolitian Orchestra and he is about to realize his life-long ambition of appearing as a soloist with the orchestra, when an accident robs him of use of his right hand. His children, upon learning of his misfortune, immediately desert him knowing he will no longer provide them with money. So Adolph Greig sinks lower and lower and becomes a street beggar, too proud to ask for help from his friends and unable to find his son or daughter. One night, standing in front of the concert hall, he sinks to the street from hunger and fatigue. He is picked up by two men associated with the orchestra, Mancini and Rozzini, and they take him to Rozzini's and they develop a plan whereby they will set up Greig in a next-door studio where he can give violin lessons. A young violin genius named Carl Rupert shows up and, with the aid of Mancini and Rozzini, Greig starts the boy off on a brilliant career. Or, what promised to be a brilliant career until his long-lost mother shows up.

## Cast

* Evelyn Brent as Paula Greig Rupert
* Al Shean as Adolph Greig
* Charles Judels as Rozzini
* John Darrow as Richard Greig
* Albert Conti as Mancini
* Lester Lee as Carl Rupert
* Gigi Parrish as Carmen Rozzini
* Richard Tucker as Michael Rupert
* John Harron as Herb Livingston
* Ferike Boros as Mary Schultz
* Ferdinand Schumann-Heink as The Doctor
* Carl Stockdale as The Judge
* William Worthington as Symphony Chairman
* Leslie Goodwins as Oboe Player
* Gregory Golubeff as Max - a Violinist
* Demetrius Alexis as The Music Lover
# Symphony of Life (film)

Symphony of Life (Spanish:Sinfonía de una vida) is a 1946 Mexican musical film directed as well as co-written by Celestino Gorostiza.

## Cast

* Jorge Arriaga
* Luis G. Barreiro
* Clifford Carr
* Roberto Cañedo
* Mary Christy as Singer
* Roberto Corell
* Gloria Cossío as Singer
* Pituka de Foronda
* Manuel Dondé
* Alma Delia Fuentes
* Rubén de Fuentes as Singer
* Enrique García Álvarez
* Agustín Isunza
* Óscar Jaimes
* Jorge Landeta
* Ramón G. Larrea
* Miguel Lerdo de Tejada as Orchestra Leader
* Héctor Mateos
* Jorge Mondragon
* José Elías Moreno
* Blanca Negri
* Manuel Noriega
* Fernando Ocampo as Singer
* Antonio Palacios
* Francisco Pando
* José Eduardo Pérez
* Salvador Quiroz
* Joaquín Roche hijo
* Alicia Rodríguez
* Luis G. Roldán as Singer
* Josefina Romagnoli
* Fanny Schiller
* Julián Soler
* Ángeles Soler
* José Torvay
* Ramón Vinay as Singer
* Elia Velez
* Fernando Wagner
# Hyalina albocylindrus

Hyalina albocylindrus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.
# Hypogymnia papilliformis

Hypogymnia papilliformis is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in China and the Russian Far East, it was formally described as a new species in 2015 by Bruce McCune, Svetlana Tchabanenko, and Xin Li Wei. The type specimen was collected by the second author in the Lazovsky Nature Reserve (Primorsky Krai, Russia) at an altitude of 600 m (2,000 ft); here, in a mixed conifer–broadleaved forest, it was found growing on Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis). The lichen has also been recorded from a mixed forest in the mountains of Shaanxi Province in China, at an altitude of 1,500 m (4,900 ft). The specific epithet papilliformis alludes to the papillose texture (i.e., covered with pimple-like structures) of the upper thallus surface. Secondary compounds that occur in Hypogymnia papilliformis include atranorin, and physodic acid as major metabolites, and minor amounts of 2'-O-methylphysodic acid and vittatolic acid.
# Hypogymnia pseudocyphellata

Hypogymnia pseudocyphellata is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found only in the Chinese Himalayas, it was described as a new species by Bruce McCune and Erin Martin in 2003. The type specimen was collected from the Tian Chi alpine lake in Shangri-La City (Yunnan), at an elevation of 3,750 metres (12,300 ft). Here it was found growing on the bark and wood of fir. The lichen is characterized by the presence of whitish pseudocyphellae on the tips of the lobes (unusual for the genus Hypogymnia); rimmed holes; lobes that are narrow and separated; and a complex secondary chemistry with several unknown chemical compounds as well as barbatic acid, but without diffractaic acid.
# Hypogymnia pendula

Hypogymnia pendula is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is characterised by its pendulous (hanging) growth form and distinct chemical composition.

## Taxonomy

Hypogymnia pendula was first described by Bruce McCune and Li-Song Wang in 2014. The species was named pendula due to its tendency to grow in a pendulous manner. The holotype specimen was collected in Yunnan, China, in the Jianchuan County at the trailhead to Lao Juen Shan, within an Abies delavayi–Rhododendron forest near a hotel.

## Description

The Hypogymnia pendula thallus is pendulous and can grow up to 10–12 cm (3.9–4.7 in) in length. Its texture is cartilaginous, and its branching is mostly isotomic dichotomous with budding present. The upper surface of the thallus is smooth, later becoming rugose or verrucose, and is whitish to pale greenish-grey in colour. It often has a black border and lacks pruina, sometimes displaying dark mottles. The lobes range from 0.5–3 mm in width, and can be separate or contiguous to imbricate. The lobe tips and axils are perforate, as is the lower surface, which has rimmed holes.
Hypogymnia pendula is unique in its genus due to its large spores, which measure 12–16 by 9–12 μm. Most Hypogymnia species, in contrast, have spores that are less than 10 μm long.
Hypogymnia pendula is chemically distinct from its close relative, Hypogymnia macrospora, as it contains physodalic, protocetraric, and physodic acids instead of 4-O-demethylbarbatic acid. This results in a P+ (orange-red) reaction, in contrast to the P− reaction of H. macrospora. Additionally, H. pendula has a POL− hypothecium, while H. macrospora's hypothecium is POL+–indicating the presence of crystalline substances.

## Habitat and distribution

This lichen species has been found on the bark of fir trees. Its known distribution is limited to Yunnan Province, specifically Jianchuan and Zhongdian Counties. At the time of publication, only three well-developed specimens had been discovered.
# Wah Yan College Cats

Wah Yan College Cats is a non-profit organization in Wah Yan College, Hong Kong which aims at looking after homeless cats which appeared in the campus of the college. It is the first to adopt the concept of college cats in Hong Kong. The teacher adviser is Ivy Ip Li Lan-Hing. The slogan of the organization is "Respect & Protect Life".

## Work

The students in the organization are responsible for looking after the cats every day. Since establishment, the organization has taken care of about 40 cats. Apart from daily duties, the organization also promotes the message of protecting animals, and periodically writes articles for a cat magazine.

## History

Wah Yan College Cats dates back to 1993, when a cat appeared in the campus of Wah Yan College, Hong Kong. It was fed by the students and teaching staffs, and later more cats appeared. The club was made official by the school in 1999, and the organization was temporarily situated in a small underground room below the school canteen.
In 2000, the organization successfully applied for a fund of HK$98,000 from the Quality Education Fund in order to build a cat house, with a size of 180 square feet (17 m$^2$).
# Hylonomoipos brookensis

Hylonomoipos brookensis is a species of velvet worm in the Peripatopsidae family. This species has 15 pairs of legs in both sexes. It is found in Queensland, Australia.
# Hydes, Maryland

Hydes is an unincorporated community in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. It is located in the Long Green Valley. The USPS has assigned Hydes the postal code 21082. Saint John the Evangelist church is located in Hydes and is the oldest Roman Catholic Church in Baltimore County. Until 1958, this community was served by the Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad at milepost 16.8. It is also home to several wineries, including Boordy and Dejon Vineyards.
Hydes is named for Samuel N. Hyde, an agronomist who developed a strain known as "Egyptian" sweet corn, canned by the F.B. Jenkins canning operation of Hydes.
# Hydes

Hydes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan Hydes (born 1947), British table tennis player
* Arthur Hydes (1911–1990), British football player
* Steven Hydes (born 1986), British adoptee
# Fusidic acid/betamethasone valerate

Fusidic acid/betamethasone valerate is a combination drug with the active ingredients being fusidic acid (an antibiotic) and betamethasone valerate (a corticosteroid). It is a medical cream used for treatment of skin inflammation, eczema, or dermatitis that is also infected with bacteria sensitive to fusidic acid.
# Hyde baronets

There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Hyde. Both are extinct.

## Hyde baronets, of Albury (1621)

* Sir Nicholas Hyde, 1st Baronet (1561–1625)
* Sir Thomas Hyde, 2nd Baronet (died 1665)
The Hyde Baronetcy, of Albury in the County of Hertford, was created in the Baronetage of England on 8 November 1621 for Nicholas Hyde, Sheriff of Hertfordshire for 1619. The baronetcy became extinct on the death in 1665 of the second Baronet, also sheriff of Hertfordshire (1628).

## Hyde baronets, of Birmingham (1922)

* Sir Charles Hyde, OBE, 1st Baronet (1876–1942)
The Hyde Baronetcy, of Birmingham, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 19 January 1921 for the newspaper proprietor Charles Hyde, of Berkswell, Warwickshire. He was the grandson of John Frederick Feeney founder of the Birmingham Post. He was born at Worcester, the son of a surgeon, and was educated at Clifton and Exeter College, Oxford. He became the proprietor in 1905 on the death of his uncle John Feeney. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1920. He was High Sheriff of Warwickshire in 1933. The title became extinct on his death in 1942.
Sir Charles Hyde was a great benefactor to the University of Birmingham. In 1925 he gave £100,000, part of which was to be devoted to the building of the Birmingham University Students' Union building. He contributed £10,000 to the Birmingham University appeal fund in 1920. He bought and equipped a hostel for men undergraduates, known as Chancellor's Hall. He also gave £10,000 in 1936 for a Joseph Chamberlain Memorial Museum in Birmingham University's Medical School.
From 1924 until 1927 he was Commodore of Midland Sailing Club, succeeding Neville Chamberlain.