OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chernogorovo, Haskovo Province

Chernogorovo (Bulgarian : Черногорово) is a village in the municipality of Dimitrovgrad, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria.
Etymology
The name 'Chernogorovo' is derived from a compact word composed of 'cherno'(черно) meaning black and 'gora'(гора) meaning forest, followed by the suffix -ovo (ово), which is a common naming suffix for places in Bulgarian.
# Michaelovitch

Michaelovitch may refer to:
* Alexis Michaelovitch, also known as Alexis of Russia
* Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia
# Pedro Giménez

Pedro Giménez is a white Argentine wine grape that is rapidly declining in plantings. Despite the similar name, the Spanish wine grape Pedro Ximénez is a different variety with ampelographers are not yet certain if the two grapes are in any way related. Grown predominantly in the Mendoza wine region, Pedro Giménez makes simple wines similar to those made from Cereza and Criolla Grande. It is also grown in Bolivia, where it is made into single varietal wine at the Uvairenda winery in Samaipata. There are some plantings in Chile where it is a minor grape in pisco production.
# Kosmin

Kosmin or Kośmin may refer to:
* Kośmin, Lublin Voivodeship, a village in eastern Poland in Puławy County
* Kośmin, Masovian Voivodeship a village in east-central Poland in Grójec County
* Paul J. Kosmin, a historian who studies the Seleucid Empire
* Barry Kosmin, a professor of public policy and scholar of religion & culture, specifically groups unattached organisations only loosely attached to religion
# Peace Obiajulu

Nkiruka Peace Obiajulu // (born c. 1954) is a Nigerian former trade union leader.
Born in Amichi, in Anambra State, as Nkiruka Peace Abuchukwu, she attended school in Onitsha. She hoped to become a pharmacist, but could not afford the tuition fees, so instead qualified as a nurse at University College Hospital, Ibadan, where tuition was free. In 1984, she received a degree in nursing from the University of Ibadan, then worked for the health department of NITEL. She joined the NITEL Senior Staff Association, and was elected to its executive committee in 1988, then in 1991 became its treasurer. She served as treasurer until 1997, when she became president of the union section.
In 1998, Obiajulu was elected as deputy president-general of the Senior Staff Association of Utilities, Statutory Corporations and Government Companies (SSASCGOC), the first woman to serve on its national body. In 2001, she became the union's president, the first woman to lead a trade union in Nigeria.
In 2005, various senior staff associations formed the Trade Union Congress of Nigeria (TUC), and Obiajulu was elected as its president, the first woman to lead a trade union confederation in Africa. As leader, she defended union's right to strike, in defiance of government legislation against it. She was also active in Union Network International, and worked closely with leaders of the Nigeria Labour Congress.
In 2007, Obiajulu stood for re-election to the TUC presidency, but when it became apparent she would not be elected, she instead endorsed Peter Esele, who succeeded her. She remained active in SSASCGOC, and presented a paper entitled "Employment Conditions and Workers’ Productivity: Lessons of 40-year of Unionism in Nigerian Ports Authority" to the union in 2019.
In her spare time, Obiajulu has been a Sunday school teacher at the Foursquare Gospel Church in Nigeria and a newspaper columnist. She has four children.
# Prismatic compass

A prismatic compass is a navigation and surveying instrument which is extensively used to find out the bearing of the traversing and included angles between them, waypoints (an endpoint of the course) and direction. Compass surveying is a type of surveying in which the directions of surveying lines are determined with a magnetic compass, and the length of the surveying lines are measured with a tape or chain or laser range finder. The compass is generally used to run a traverse line. The compass calculates bearings of lines with respect to magnetic needle. The included angles can then be calculated using suitable formulas in case of clockwise and anti-clockwise traverse respectively. For each survey line in the traverse, surveyors take two bearings that is fore bearing and back bearing which should exactly differ by 180$^°$ if local attraction is negligible. The name Prismatic compass is given to it because it essentially consists of a prism which is used for taking observations more accurately.

## Least count

Least count means the minimum value that an instrument can read which is 30 minutes in case of prismatic compass. It means compass can read only those observations which are multiples of 30 minutes, 5$^°$ 30$^'$, 16$^°$ 00$^'$, 35$^°$ 30$^'$, for example.

## Bearings

The compass calculates the bearings in whole circle bearing system which determines the angle which the survey line makes with the magnetic north in the clockwise direction. The whole circle bearing system also known as the azimuthal system varies from 0 degrees to 360 degrees in the clockwise direction. The included angles can be calculated by the formulas F-P ±180 in case of anti-clockwise traverse and P-F ±180 in case of clockwise traverse, where 'F' is the fore bearing of forward line in the direction of survey work and 'P' is the fore bearing of previous line.
# Inhandava River

The Inhandava or Inhanduva River, also known as the Forquilha River, is a river of Rio Grande do Sul state in southern Brazil.
# Calton, North Yorkshire

Calton is a village and civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England, on the River Aire in Airedale. In both the 2001 and 2011 Censuses the population was less than 100, so details were included in the civil parish of Flasby with Winterburn. In 2015, North Yorkshire County Council estimated the population of the village to be 60.
The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as belonging to Roger the Poitevin. The name derives from the Old English Calf-tūn; literally, the town where calves were reared. Ancient deeds and poll-tax returns indicate that the village had a public house and a chapel in 1379. In 1851 there were 75 residents listed in the census, of whom no fewer than 33, in five households, were called Shackleton.
Calton is on the Pennine Cycleway (NCN Route 68), and the Pennine Way passes the between the west of the village and the River Aire. This route is also part of the Airedale Way, between Leeds and Malham Tarn.

## Notable people

* John Lambert, Parliamentarian general in the English Civil War. Calton Hall, an old house with Medieval origins, was his family home. The house is now grade II listed. After the restoration of the monarchy, Lambert was tried and exiled to Guernsey, and the family home and land around Calton were given to Lord Fauconberg. He then returned them to the family.
# Christopher Clarey

Christopher Clarey (born 1964) is an American sports journalist and author who mostly writes about tennis. He reported for The New York Times from 1991 to 2023. His biography of Roger Federer, The Master, was published in 2021 and was a New York Times bestseller.

## Early life and education

Clarey was born in Newport, Rhode Island, to Bonnie Clarey and US Navy Rear Admiral Stephen Clarey. His grandfather was Admiral Bernard "Chick" Clarey. Being in a military family, he moved often in his youth. He attended Punahou School in Honolulu from seventh to ninth grade at the same time that Barack Obama went to the school. He graduated from Coronado High School in California, where he played tennis and soccer and wrote for the student newspaper. He went to Williams College in Massachusetts, where he played tennis, soccer, and volleyball, and received his Bachelor of Arts (BA) in English and history in 1986.

## Career

Clarey started his journalism career as an intern at The San Diego Union-Tribune, where he covered local sports, including the National Football League (NFL)'s Chargers. In 1991, he moved to Paris to work as a freelance reporter.
Later that year, he secured his first byline in The New York Times—a profile of the French ice dance siblings Paul and Isabelle Duchesnay—after his former editor at the Union-Tribune recommended him to the Times sports editor. He continued to write for the Times and, in 1998, became the chief sports correspondent for its sister publication, the International Herald Tribune. The London Times said in 2021 that Clarey "has a claim to be the doyen of English-language tennis journalism".
The Master, a biography of Roger Federer by Clarey, was published on August 24, 2021, as Federer's tennis career came to an end. Clarey had followed Federer closely for the entirety of his career and reportedly interviewed Federer more than any other journalist. Contemporary reviews in The London Times called The Master the best book on Federer written so far.
In May 2023, Clarey announced that he was leaving the Times to focus on writing books and to launch a Substack newsletter, Christopher Clarey's Tennis & Beyond. His upcoming book project is The Warrior, a biography of Rafael Nadal.

## Personal life

Clarey married his wife, Virginie, in Paris in 1991.

## Awards

* Alan Trengove Award for Excellence in Tennis Journalism (2017)
* Eugene L. Scott Award, International Tennis Hall of Fame (2018)
* David A. Benjamin Achievement Award, Intercollegiate Tennis Association (2024)
# Chernogorovo

Chernogorovo may refer to either of these two Bulgarian villages:
* Chernogorovo, Pazardzhik Province
* Chernogorovo, Haskovo Province
# Michael E. O'Donnell

Michael E. O’ Donnell is an American biochemist and a professor at the Rockefeller University specializing in the field of DNA replication.

## Education

O’ Donnell attended the University of Portland, receiving his B.S in 1975. During his subsequent graduate studies at the University of Michigan, he became trained as an enzymologist; he earned his Ph.D. in biochemistry in 1982. O'Donnell continued with his postdoctoral training at Stanford University under the supervision of nobel laureate Arthur Kornberg and I. Robert Lehman in the field of nucleic acid enzymology.

## Research and career

In 1986, O'Donnell started his own lab at Cornell University Medical College. In 1996, he moved his lab to Rockefeller University. The goal of his research focuses on elucidating the mechanism of the proteins involved in DNA replication. His approach involves studying both the biochemical activities of these proteins as well as their physical structures. Most notably, O'Donnell discovered the first known ring-shaped protein that encircles DNA for function referred to as a DNA-sliding clamp. The DNA clamp tethers the DNA polymerase to its DNA template thereby allowing the polymerase to efficiently synthesize long genomes without letting go. In collaboration with John Kuriyan, they determined the structures of the bacterial beta clamp and human PCNA clamp showing that they form rings that are nearly superimposable and thus they likely share a common ancestor. His work on the many enzymes involved in duplicating DNA has spanned from bacterial to eukaryotic systems.

## Awards and honors

O'Donnell became an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in 1990. He was then elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 2006. Rockefeller University appointed him the Anthony and Judith Evnin Professor in 2008.
# Pedro Girón

Pedro Girón may refer to:
* Pedro Girón, 1st Lord of Osuna (1423–1466), known as Pedro Girón Acuña Pacheco
* Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Count of Ureña (died 1531)
* Pedro Téllez-Girón, 1st Duke of Osuna (1537–1590)
* Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna (1574–1624)
* Pedro Téllez-Girón, 8th Duke of Osuna (1728–1787)
* Pedro Téllez-Girón, 9th Duke of Osuna (1755–1807)
* Pedro de Alcántara Álvarez de Toledo, 13th Duke of the Infantado (1768–1841)
* Pedro de Alcántara Téllez-Girón y Beaufort Spontin, 14th Duke of the Infantado (1810–1844)
* Pedro de Alcántara Téllez-Girón (1786–1851)
* Pedro Agustín Girón (1778–1842)
# Konstantinos Papathanassiou

Konstantinos Papathanassiou from the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Wessling, Germany was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for contributions to polarimetric interferometry for synthetic aperture radar.
# Malcuit

Malcuit is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kévin Malcuit (born 1991), French footballer
* Samir Malcuit (born 1985), French footballer
# Prismatic (disambiguation)

Prismatic describes the properties of an optical prism.
Prismatic may also refer to:
* Prismatic (app), a social news curation and discovery app
* Prismatic joint, a joint that provides a linear sliding movement between two bodies
* Prismatic surface
* The Prismatic World Tour, concert tour by singer Katy Perry
# Institutes of the Lawes of England

The Institutes of the Lawes of England are a series of legal treatises written by Sir Edward Coke. They were first published, in stages, between 1628 and 1644. Widely recognized as a foundational document of the common law, they have been cited in over 70 cases decided by the Supreme Court of the United States, including several landmark cases. For example, in Roe v. Wade (1973), Coke's Institutes are cited as evidence that under old English common law, an abortion performed before quickening was not an indictable offence. In the much earlier case of United States v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895), Coke's Institutes are quoted at some length for their definition of monopolies. Sir Edward Coke’s Institutes also had a significant influence on the development of legal principles in the American colonies. For instance, the Institutes were highly regarded by early American legal scholars and practitioners, including Thomas Jefferson, who referenced Coke’s work in his writings on legal theory and the foundation of American law. This influence helped shape the legal system of the United States in its formative years. The Institutes's various reprinted editions well into the 19th century is a clear indication of the long lasting value placed on this work throughout especially the 18th century in Britain and Europe. It has also been associated through the years with high literary connections. For example, David Hume in 1764 requested it from the bookseller Andrew Millar in a cheap format for a French friend.

## Contents
### First Part

The First Part's subtitle is a "Commentary upon Littleton", concerning land law and property law. Often called Coke on Littleton (abbreviated "Co. Litt."), it is a commentary on Thomas de Littleton's treatise on land tenure.

### Second Part

The Second Part's subtitle is "Containing the Exposition of Many Ancient and Other Statutes", particularly Magna Carta.

### Third Part

The Third Part's subtitle is "Concerning High Treason and other Please of the Crown and Criminal Causes".

### Fourth Part

The Fourth Part's subtitle is "Concerning the Jurisdiction of the Courts".
# Caltignaga

Caltignaga is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Turin and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northwest of Novara.
Caltignaga borders the following municipalities: Bellinzago Novarese, Briona, Cameri, Momo, Novara, and San Pietro Mosezzo.

## Main sights

* Parish church of Santa Maria Assunta (11th-12th centuries)
* Castle (14th-17th centuries)
* Oratory of Santi Nazzaro e Celso, in the frazione of Sologno (11th century). It is an example of Romanesque architecture housing, in the interior, mid-15th centuries frescoes by Giovanni da Campo and others. They depict stories of the legendary lives of Nazarius and Celsus.
* Remains of a Roman aqueduct
# Manish Borundia

Manish Borundia is an Indian actor and model who has appeared in lead and supporting roles in Tamil, Hindi, Kannada and Telugu films. He has done around 95 ad films and been a brand ambassador for Sprite. He has done few music albums and gained popularity for a Malayalam music album.

## Career

Born and brought up in Chennai, Manish began a modelling career while managing his father's business and regularly appeared in commercials and music videos. He became acquainted with Ajith Kumar during their time as models, and often visited the actor during his film shoots. Ajith requested Manish to play a minor acting role in Amarkalam (1999) after the original actor did not turn up, and thus Manish made his first on-screen appearance. In the early 2000s, Manish continued to portray supporting roles in Tamil films, often as the lead actor's friends, and notably appeared in S. J. Surya's Kushi (2000), Saran's Parthen Rasithen (2000), Gautham Vasudev Menon's Minnale (2001) and Jeeva's 12B (2001).
Manish then signed on to appear in the lead role of P. C. Sreeram's Vaanam Vasappadum (2004) and was attached to the project for six months, before being dropped due to his strong Hindi accent. The role was eventually taken by Karthik Kumar. Manish starred in his first lead role through the Kannada film Jootata (2005), appearing alongside Dhyan and Richa Pallod. For the project, he took up the stage name of Akash, though the film did not perform well commercially and received negative reviews from critics. His second Kannada film, Nannusire, also under performed commercially but Manish's role was described as "short, sweet and attractive." He also portrayed a character in Arjun's Tamil film, Madrasi (2006). As his acting career failed to take off, Manish took up a job in Hong Kong before moving to Bengaluru to continue looking after his family's jewellery business.
In 2019, he made a comeback through Jagan Shakti's Hindi drama film Mission Mangal, based on the life of scientists at the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) who contributed to the Mars Orbiter Mission. Featuring among an ensemble cast including Akshay Kumar and Vidya Balan, Manish appeared in a supporting role of an ISRO employee.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Language | Notes |
| 1999 | Amarkalam | Kidnapped man | Tamil | |
| 2000 | Kushi | Shiva's friend | Tamil | |
| 2000 | Parthen Rasithen | Sarika's brother | Tamil | |
| 2001 | Minnale | Manish | Tamil | |
| 2001 | Kushi | Siddhu's friend | Telugu | |
| 2001 | 12B | Shakti's coworker | Tamil | Uncredited role |
| 2002 | Yai! Nee Romba Azhaga Irukey! | Hari's friend | Tamil | Uncredited role |
| 2005 | Jootata | Vicky | Kannada | |
| 2006 | Madrasi | Raja | Tamil | |
| 2008 | Nannusire | Harsha | Kannada | |
| 2019 | Mission Mangal | Kaushal Saini | Hindi | |
# Immortal (Pyramaze album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
| Lords of Metal | (70/100) |
Immortal is the third studio album by the Danish power metal band Pyramaze, released on 30 May 2008.
Iced Earth vocalist Matt Barlow, who had originally left Iced Earth and later joined Pyramaze, performs the vocals on Immortal; however, on the official Pyramaze website, both Barlow and Pyramaze guitarist Michael Kammeyer have stated that this album will be Barlow's only contribution to Pyramaze, after which he will continue to work only with Iced Earth.

## Track listing

All music and lyrics by Michael Kammeyer, except where noted.

## Personnel

* Matt Barlow − vocals
* Michael Kammeyer − guitars
* Morten Gade Sørensen − drums
* Jonah Weingarten − keyboards
* Niels Kvist − bass
* Toke Skjønnemand − guitars
# The Sisypheans

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 77/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Guardian | |
| Loud and Quiet | 7/10 |
| MusicOMH | |
The Sisypheans is the fourth studio album by Australian band Xylouris White. It was released on 8 November 2019 under Drag City.
The album is named after the Ancient Greek king, Sisyphus.

## Critical reception

The Sisypheans was met with generally favourable reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, this release received an average score of 77, based on 5 reviews.
# John Korvola Homestead

John Korvola was one of four Finnish homesteaders who came to Roseberry in Valley County, Idaho after the Spanish–American War. The town flourished until it failed to get the railroad, which passed 1.5 miles to the west, instead.
The homestead was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. It was one of 13 buildings in the Long Valley area that were considered together for NRHP listing in 1982; all were built by Finns using traditional Finnish log construction.
# Christmas Moultrie

Christmas Moultrie (December 25, 1857 – April 23, 1956) was an American former slave who became a duck hunter and merchant. He was a central character in John Eugene Cay Jr.'s 1958 non-fiction book Ward Allen: Savannah River Market Hunter. The book was the basis for the 2013 movie Savannah.

## Early life and career

Moultrie was born on Christmas Day 1857 at Mulberry Grove Plantation in Savannah, Georgia, the last child born into slavery on the plantation. His mother died shortly after his birth. His family name came from the Moultrie family in Charleston, South Carolina.
In December 1864, his family moved a few miles away to Monteith, Georgia, after General Sherman's forces burned the plantation during his March to the Sea, but Moultrie remained at the plantation, as a free man, in a "raised cabin by the plantation gate near the Augusta highway."
He formed a business hunting ducks in Savannah's marshland with Ward Allen. They sold the ducks to local restaurants, including that of The DeSoto, or Savannahian families. He also sold vegetables at City Market.
Moultrie had one known child, Hardee, born in 1895; he died in 1935, aged 39 or 40. His granddaughter, Martha F. McCullough (born in 1927), became a teacher in Savannah. He had at least three other granddaughters: Mary F. Johnson, Georgia Benton and Della Stell.
In 1927, the Savannah National Wildlife Refuge introduced a law limiting the number of ducks that could be killed on one hunting trip, as well as having a hunting season. These restrictions affected Moultrie's and Allen's livelihood. Concerned about the future of Savannah's marshes, due to the increasing number of factories in the city, Allen regularly wrote articles in the local press. He went to the Georgia State Legislature with his concerns, but had no success in affecting change.
Allen died on August 23, 1931, aged 75. His body was found floating in the Savannah River.

## Death and legacy

Moultrie died on April 23, 1956, in Port Wentworth, Georgia. He was 98. He is interred in Port Wentworth's Cherokee Hill Baptist Churchyard.
Moultrie's popularity grew with the release of the 2013 film Savannah, which was based on John Eugene Cay Jr.'s 1958 non-fiction book Ward Allen: Savannah River Market Hunter. Chiwetel Ejiofor portrayed Moultrie in the movie adaptation.
In 2008, the Moultrie Interchange at Georgia State Route 21 and Interstate 95 was named for him.
# Christian Sansam

Christian Sansam (born 26 December 1975) is an English retired professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Playing career

Born in Hull, Sansam played in the Football League for Scunthorpe United, Scarborough, Bradford City and Hull City, and in Singapore for Woodlands Wellington. While a Scunthorpe United player, Sansam spent a month on loan to Halifax Town; he made five appearances in the Conference and scored once.

## Later career

As of November 2020 Sansam is working as kitman for Peterborough United, having previously held the same role at Doncaster Rovers.