OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Crossford railway station

Crossford is a closed station of the Cairn Valley Light Railway branch, from Dumfries. It served the rural area of Crossford in Dumfries and Galloway The line was closed to passengers in 1943.

## History

The CVR was nominally independent, but was in reality controlled by the Glasgow and South Western Railway. The line was closed to passengers on 3 May 1943, during WW2 and to freight on 4 July 1949, and the track lifted in 1953. 1947 is also quoted as a date of complete closure.
The siding was worked by down trains only, goods for Dumfries being taken to the nearest station along. The points were unlocked with an Annett's key that was kept in a locked box on a post adjacent to the point.
Trains were controlled by a 'lock and block' system whereby the trains operated treadles on the single line to interact with the block instruments.

## Views at the old station

* Crossford's old station master's house.
* Rails still in the road at the level crossing.
* The course of the trackbed running towards Moniaive.
# Crossford

Crossford may refer to:
* Crossford, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland
** formerly served by Crossford railway station
* Crossford, Fife, Scotland
* Crossford, South Lanarkshire, Scotland
# Hybrid iguana

The hybrid iguana is a first-generation hybrid, the result of intergeneric breeding between a male marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) and a female Galapagos land iguana (Conolophus subcristatus) on South Plaza Island in the Galápagos Islands, where the territories of the two species overlap.
Hybrid iguanas are dark with light speckles or bands of mottling near the head and a banded body. By contrast, marine iguanas are a solid blackish color, while land iguanas are reddish-yellow; neither are banded.
The first hybrid iguana was discovered in 1981. In 1997, high ocean temperatures during a severe El Niño season caused failure of the seaweed beds around the Galapagos Islands and about half the marine iguanas starved to death. Others searched inland for plants to eat. There they mated with the land iguanas, producing an unusual number of hybrid iguanas. As of 2003, 20 had been found. Four were known to be alive as of a 2013 census. DNA testing by a German researcher revealed that marine iguanas were the fathers and land iguanas the mothers.
A unique set of circumstances on South Plaza Island helps explain why the hybrid iguanas have been observed only there. Elsewhere in the Galápagos, reproductive isolation between the two species is maintained by separation of breeding in both place and time: there is little overlap between the inland habitat favored by the land iguanas and the coastal habitat of the marine iguana, and the short breeding seasons of the two species normally do not overlap. However, long, narrow South Plaza Island is so small that no place on it is far from the coast, leaving female land iguanas no place to retreat from invasion by the larger, more aggressive male marine iguanas. And on South Plaza there is a slight overlap between the end of the land iguana's breeding season and the beginning of the marine iguana's, so that male marine iguanas forced inland by hunger may occasionally encounter a female land iguana that is still in breeding condition.

## Anatomy and morphology

Marine iguanas have sharp claws and are able to grip rock under seawater and eat seaweed, whereas land iguanas lack sharp claws, making them unable to climb the cacti that are their staple foods. Hybrid iguanas have sharp claws and can climb on cacti and also eat seaweed underwater. The hybrid iguana can survive in both sea and land environments. Despite the long evolutionary separation between the two parent species, which are assigned to different genera, the offspring are viable, although likely sterile. The hybrid iguanas have a laterally compressed tail like that of the marine iguanas, though they have not been seen swimming. They also have sharp claws like their marine fathers, which enable them to climb for food rather than waiting for it to drop from a cactus as the land iguanas do.
# PAL-V

PAL-V (Personal Air and Land Vehicle) is a Dutch company that is involved in the development of a commercial flying car, the PAL-V Liberty. It is a compact two-person aircraft that can travel on public roads.
# Pacific Coast Electric Transmission Association

The Pacific Coast Electric Transmission Association was an American engineering institute founded in 1884 in response to the East coast establishment of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. It published its proceedings in the journalist George P. Low's journal The Electrical Journal, later titled The Journal of Electricity and then The Journal of Electricity, Power, and Gas, and began annual meetings in 1898. The annual meeting acted as both an electrical industry conference and an academic conference in electrical engineering. It disbanded with the continuation of the AIEE to the West coast in or shortly after 1905.
# Hymenocephalus (fish)

Hymenocephalus is a genus of rattails.

## Species

There are currently 27 recognized species in this genus:
* Hymenocephalus aeger C. H. Gilbert & C. L. Hubbs, 1920 (Plain-tail whiptail)
* Hymenocephalus antraeus C. H. Gilbert & Cramer, 1897
* Hymenocephalus aterrimus C. H. Gilbert, 1905 (Blackest whiptail)
* Hymenocephalus barbatulus C. H. Gilbert & C. L. Hubbs, 1920
* Hymenocephalus billsam N. B. Marshall & Iwamoto, 1973
* Hymenocephalus fuscus P. J. McMillan & Iwamoto, 2014 (Black membranehead)
* Hymenocephalus grimaldii M. C. W. Weber, 1913
* Hymenocephalus hachijoensis Okamura, 1970
* Hymenocephalus heterolepis (Alcock, 1889)
* Hymenocephalus italicus Giglioli, 1884 (Glass-head grenadier)
* Hymenocephalus iwamotoi Schwarzhans, 2014 (Iwamoto's whiptail)
* Hymenocephalus lethonemus D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1904
* Hymenocephalus longibarbis (Günther, 1887) (Long-barb whiptail)
* Hymenocephalus longipes H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912
* Hymenocephalus maculicaudus P. J. McMillan & Iwamoto, 2014 (Spotty-tail membranehead)
* Hymenocephalus megalops Iwamoto & Merrett, 1997 (Big-eye whiptail)
* Hymenocephalus nascens C. H. Gilbert & C. L. Hubbs, 1920 (Nascent membranehead)
* Hymenocephalus neglectissimus Sazonov & Iwamoto, 1992
* Hymenocephalus nesaeae Merrett & Iwamoto, 2000
* Hymenocephalus papyraceus D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1904
* Hymenocephalus punt Schwarzhans, 2014
* Hymenocephalus sazonovi Schwarzhans, 2014
* Hymenocephalus semipellucidus Sazonov & Iwamoto, 1992
* Hymenocephalus striatissimus D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1904
* Hymenocephalus striatulus C. H. Gilbert, 1905
* Hymenocephalus torvus H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912
* Hymenocephalus yamasakiorum Nakayama, Endo & Schwarzhans, 2015 (Black-tailed membranehead)
# Cucujidae

The Cucujidae, or flat bark beetles, are a family of distinctively flat beetles found worldwide (except Africa and Antarctica) under the bark of dead trees. The family has received considerable taxonomic attention in recent years and now consists of 70 species distributed in five genera. It was indicated Cucujus species are scavengers, only feeding on pupae and larvae of other insects and on other subcortical beetles such as their own. Since the Cucujidae prey on larvae of potentially tree damaging beetles that spread fungal diseases, they are considered to be beneficial to the health of living trees.
Included genera are: Cucujus Fabricius, with 14 species and subspecies distributed throughout the Holarctic; Palaestes Perty, 8 spp., Neotropical; Pediacus Shuckard, 31 spp., mostly Holarctic, but extending south into the Neotropics and to Australia; Platisus Erichson, 5 spp. in Australia and New Zealand, and Thesaurus known from South America.
Cucujidae have elongate parallel-side bodies ranging from 6 to 25 mm in length. Most are brown colored, while others are black, reddish or yellow. Heads are triangular in shape, with filiform to moniliform antennae of 11 antennomeres, and large mandibles. The pronotum is narrower than the head.
Both larvae and adults live under bark, otherwise little is known of their habits. Larvae and adults appear to be predacious. Cucujus cinnaberinus seems to be able to colonize isolated habitats from persisting local populations if there is a sufficient quantity of suitable deadwood in the habitat and it has the other requirements of saproxylic beetles.
The family was formerly larger, with subfamilies Laemophloeinae, Silvaninae, and Passandrinae (and some tenebrionoid genera mixed in), but revisions have raised the subfamilies to family status.
While there have been claimed fossil records going back to the Early Cretaceous (such as those from the Crato Formation of Brazil), the oldest unambiguous records are from the Eocene.

## Species with extreme freezing tolerance

Cucujus clavipes puniceus (red flat bark beetle) found in arctic regions like Canada and Alaska desiccates to 30–40% body water in winter vs 4% body water in the chironomid fly, Polypedilum vanderplanki. It uses a variety of anti-freeze proteins in contrast with the non-protein xylomannan exploited by another arctic beetle Upis ceramboides.
# Crowtown, Kentucky

Crowtown is an unincorporated community in Caldwell County, Kentucky, United States.
The community was named for the family of Crow settlers.
# Hybosorus orientalis

Hybosorus orientalis, is a species of scavenger scarab beetle found in Nepal, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Myanmar, Sumatra, and Java.

## Description

Body length of male is about 11.5 to 12.3 mm. Elongate and oval body with black dorsum and light colored ventrum whereas some individuals with dark reddish brown. Head very closely and rugosely punctate anteriorly. Clypeus semicircular in circumference, whereas eye-canthus is strongly directed backward. Anterior margin of the labrum consists with nine denticles. Lateral margins of the pronotum is weakly and nearly evenly rounded. Posterior margin of pronotum evenly rounded in middle, but weakly sinuate before the rounded, and blunt posterolateral angles. There are series of shallow punctures at the bottom of lateral marginal ridge. Pronotum dorsum is shiny, with sparse, fine, and circular punctures. Elytra with nine complete striae between suture and humeral umbone, as well as 7 to 8 well developed striae. Hind tibia possess ten stout setae on transverse ridge and external margin. Abdominal sternites are laterally rather densely punctate. Middle of sternites is shiny, with a single transverse series of coarse punctures. Last sternite is impunctate. Most punctures are clothed with yellowish seta. Pygidium is sub-semicircular, shiny, and densely transversely ruguloso-punctate.
# Hybosida dauban

Hybosida dauban is a species of spider found on Silhouette Island in the Seychelles.
# Hybosorus laportei

Hybosorus laportei is a species of beetle of the family Hybosoridae described by Westwood in 1845. The species was also later described as Hybosorus illigeri by Reiche in 1853.
# Chucri Zaidan

Chucri Zaidan (October 29 , 1891 – September 16, 1980) was a medical doctor in Brazil. He was born in the Ottoman Empire.

## Biography

Chucri Zaidan was born in Damascus, Ottoman Empire on 29 October 1891 and then migrated to Brazil in 1925, leaving Syria. He settled in São Paulo. He became a naturalized Brazilian.
Zaidan studied in the Medical Sciences College of the American University of Beirut and graduated as a physician in 1916. He was one of the first foreign physicians to revalidate his diploma in Brazil where he practised obstetric medicine in Hospital Pró-Mater. He became popular for looking after the poor for free; his popularity led to his receiving in 1966 the title of Paulistano Citizen of the Municipal Chamber of São Paulo.
In his honor, the Avenida Ao Longo do Dreno do Brooklin received the name Doutor Chucri Zaidan through the Executive Order no. 18,226 of 22 September 1982.
A metro station is also named after him.
# California Consumers Legal Remedies Act

The California Consumers Legal Remedies Act ("CLRA") is the name for California Civil Code §§ 1750 et seq. The CLRA declares unlawful several "methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices undertaken by any person in a transaction intended to result or which results in the sale or lease of goods or services to any consumer". Forbidden practices include misrepresenting the source of the good and services, representing reconditioned goods as new, advertising goods without having the expected demand in stock, representing a repair is needed when it is not, representing rebates that have hidden conditions, and misrepresenting the authority of a salesman to close a deal.
The CLRA claim is attractive to potential plaintiffs because Cal. Civ. Code § 1780 allows consumers who suffer damage as a result of a practice declared unlawful by § 1770 to obtain actual damages (the total award of damages in a class action shall be more than $1,000); an order enjoining the methods, acts, or practices; restitution of property; punitive damages; court costs and attorney's fees; and any other relief that the court deems proper. A prevailing plaintiff gets to recover their attorney's fees, but a prevailing defendant usually may not recover their attorney's fees.
# Carmen Platero

María del Carmen Platero (August 3, 1933 – March 16, 2020), known as Carmen Platero, was an Afro-Argentine playwright and actress who worked to promote Afro-descendant culture in Latin America. In 1987, she co-founded the theater group Comedia Negra de Buenos Aires.

## Early life and education

Carmen Platero was born in 1933 in La Plata, Argentina. She was one of seven children born to Tomás Nemesio Platero and Ana Francisca Prola, who moved the family to Tandil when Carmen was 3 years old. Her family was descended from enslaved Africans brought to Argentina, and her grandfather was the prominent Afro-Argentinian Tomás Platero IV.
Platero attended the normal school in Tandil, and then, starting in 1959, continued her studies at the Escuela de Teatro La Plata, where she found her true passion. After graduating from the theater school in 1964, she worked to improve her craft under Augusto Fernandes [es] and Carlos Gandolfo.

## Career

Platero is known for her work as a playwright and actress. Her first major performance, in Roberto Habegger's one-woman show Tango para solo de mujer, came in the early 1970s.
Across her career, she worked to study and share Afro-Argentine culture, often in partnership with her sister Susana. One of their first major projects together was Afroamérica 70, a show that incorporated work by the likes of Nicomedes Santa Cruz and Nicolás Guillén. Their 1975 piece, Calunga Andumba, more directly paid homage to Afro-Argentine culture, rather than Afro-Latin culture broadly; performances of the show were shut down after the 1976 Argentine coup d'état.
A few months after the coup, in December 1976, Platero and her family went into exile in Spain. In 1979, they moved to Costa Rica, where she continued her work to promote Afro-descendant culture in Limón. The year after Argentina returned to democracy in 1983, she returned to her home country.
Once back in Argentina, with Susana, she founded the Comedia Negra de Buenos Aires in 1987. With the theater company, they staged an updated version of Calunga Andumba to great success.
In 2017, she worked to co-organize the Afro-Argentine studies summit Afrotandil.
Platero also taught acting from Tandil to Costa Rica and Spain. She wrote various other plays, including Epilogo, Rastros, Vigilia, and Memoria mayor. Her first novel, Tango con acento en la o, was published in 2017.

## Personal life and death

Carmen Platero was married to the journalist Tomás Saraví, with whom she had four children.
She died in 2020, in Tandil, at age 86.
# Kanpur Central–Jammu Tawi Superfast Express

Kanpur Central - Jammu Tawi Superfast Express is a Superfast Express train of the Indian Railways connecting Kanpur Central in Uttar Pradesh and Jammu Tawi of Jammu and Kashmir. It is currently being operated with 12469/12470 train numbers on twice in a week basis.

## Service

The 12469/Kanpur Central - JammuTawi SF Express has an average speed of 55 km/h and covers 1026 km in 18 hrs 30 mins. 12470/JammuTawi - Kanpur Central SF Express has an average speed of 55 km/h and covers 1026 km in 18 hrs 30 mins.

## Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:
* Kanpur Central
* Unnao Junction
* Balamau Junction
* Hardoi
* Shahjahanpur
* Bareilly Junction
* Moradabad Junction
* Laksar Junction
* Saharanpur Junction
* Ambala Cantonment Junction
* Ludhiana Junction
* Jalandhar Cantonment Junction
* Pathankot Cantonment
* Jammu Tawi

## Coach composite

The train has LHB rakes with max speed of 130 kmph. The train consists of 19 coaches :
* 3 AC III Tier
* 9 Sleeper Coaches
* 5 General
* 2 EOG (Generator Cum Luggage Car)

## Traction

Both trains are hauled by a Ludhiana Loco Shed based WAP 4 Electric locomotive from Jammu to Balamau from Balamau a Lucknow Diesel Locomotive Shed based WDM 3A hauls the train up to Kanpur and vice versa.

## Direction reversal

Train Reverses its direction 1 times:
* Balamau Junction
# Geobenazzia

Geobenazzia is a genus of land planarians that currently contains a single species, Geobenazzia tyrrhenica, found in Elba, Italy.

## Description

The anatomy of Geobenazzia tyrrhenica is very similar to that of Othelosoma species, the main difference being the presence of an adenodactyl, a finger-like glandular projection, in the copulatory apparatus. The male copulatory apparatus has a large seminal vesicle and a penis papilla, while the female organ has a seminal bursa (or bursa copulatrix) connected to the vagina by one duct. There is also a duct connecting the female genital atrium to the intestine.
# Ho Yen Chye

Ho Yen Chye (2 December 1966 – 12 April 2021) was a Singaporean judoka. He competed in the men's heavyweight event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Nick Dear

Nick Dear (born 11 June 1955) is an English writer for stage, screen and radio. He received a BAFTA for his first screenwriting credit, a film adaptation of Jane Austen's Persuasion.

## Education

Dear graduated with a degree in Comparative European Literature from the University of Essex in 1977.

## Career

Dear's plays include Power and The Villains' Opera at the National Theatre; The Art of Success, Zenobia and Pure Science for the RSC; In the Ruins at Bristol Old Vic and Royal Court, London (1990); and Food of Love at the Almeida. Adaptations include Gorky's Summerfolk and Molière's Le Bourgeois gentilhomme at the National; Tirso de Molina's The Last Days of Don Juan at the Royal Shakespeare Company; Arbuzov's The Promise at the Tricycle; Henry James' The Turn of the Screw at Bristol Old Vic; and Ostrovsky's A Family Affair for Cheek by Jowl. Dear's screenplays include Persuasion, The Gambler, The Turn of the Screw, Cinderella, Byron, Eroica and Agatha Christie's Poirot. Opera libretti include The Palace in the Sky at Hackney Empire and Siren Song with music by Jonathan Dove at the Almeida.
In 2005, Lunch in Venice appeared at the Shell Connections festival at the National Theatre. His plays Power (2003), and Summerfolk (1999) both premiered at the same venue. Power deals with the intrigue and tension of the court of the young Louis XIV of France. It has been produced at theatres in Portugal, Poland and Hungary, as well as the Finnish National Theatre (Kansallisteatteri).
His play The Art of Success premiered at the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1986 in a production starring Penny Downie and Michael Kitchen, and was nominated for an Olivier Award. The plot revolves around William Hogarth and the political manipulation of art, the corruption of politics and treatment of women. It was subsequently produced at Manhattan Theatre Club in 1989, with Tim Curry playing Hogarth.
Dear's adaptation of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein premiered at the Royal National Theatre in 2011, in a production directed by Danny Boyle.
In November 2012 The Dark Earth and the Light Sky, his biographical play about Edward Thomas, opened at the Almeida Theatre, in a production directed by Richard Eyre.
# Marshwood and Powerstock Vales

The Marshwood and Powerstock Vales form a natural region in southwest England reaching to the Dorset coastline.
The region is recognised as a National Character Area (No. 139) by Natural England, the UK Government's advisors on the natural environment. It covers an area of 15,945 hectares (61.56 sq mi) and lies entirely within the Dorset AONB. The boundary of the Marshwood and Powerstock Vales NCA runs along the coastline from just east of Charmouth to West Bay, cutting briefing inland towards Bridport before heading eastwards again to Chilcombe. It then runs broadly north-northeast, taking in Eggardon Hill, before reaching the A356 near Toller Porcorum. It then heads westwards towards Mapperton, Beaminster and Stoke Abbott before swinging in a wide arc to return to the coast via Pilsdon and Whitchurch Canonicorum.
The heart of the region is the clay bowl of the Vale of Marshwood surrounded by Upper Greensand ridges and hills with a deeply incised network of valleys, in the east forming the Powerstock Hills - small, conical hills divided by deep valleys. To the north, a broad plateau overlooks the valley of the River Axe and separates the region from the Yeovil Scarplands. To the east are the chalk hills of the Dorset Downs and Cranborne Chase, and the coastal strip of the Weymouth Lowlands, and, to the west, the Greensand transitions into the Blackdowns. Lastly, to the south is Lyme Bay on the English Channel where the coastline is characterised by slumped, mobile cliffs, prominent headlands like Golden Cap, and hidden valleys.
The major watercourses of the region are the River Brit and the River Char.
# Mnesistega convexa

Mnesistega convexa is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. It is found in Assam, India.
The wingspan is 18–20 mm. The forewings are light fulvous ochreous, slightly sprinkled with dark fuscous, the costa more irrorated (sprinkled) with dark fuscous, more strongly and suffusedly towards the base. There is a moderate dark purple-fuscous basal patch, widened upwards but not reaching the costa. The plical and first discal stigmata are cloudy and rather dark fuscous, with the plical rather obliquely posterior and the second discal and a spot on the dorsum united to form an irregular nearly direct rather dark purplish-fuscous streak. The hindwings are light ochreous grey.