OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles White (New Zealand politician)

Charles Gilbert White OBE (4 November 1880 – 14 August 1966) was a New Zealand lawyer and politician. He was appointed a member of the New Zealand Legislative Council on 22 June 1950.

## Early life and family

Born in the Dunedin suburb of Andersons Bay on 4 November 1880, White was the son of Annie Julia White (née Holmes)—an artist of some note and the daughter of Matthew Holmes—and John White, a barrister and solicitor. He was educated at Otago Boys' High School, and went on to study at the University of Otago, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1901 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1903.
On 21 February 1911, White married Nora Addison-Scott Ramsay at First Church, Dunedin. She was the daughter of businessman and former mayor of Dunedin, Keith Ramsay. The couple went on to have four children, including John White (1911–2007) who became a judge of the High Court and was knighted in the 1982 New Year Honours.
White was a director of the Union Steam Ship Company. After the company moved its head office from Dunedin to Wellington in January 1923, the White family moved to Wellington the following month.

## Legal career

White began his legal career as a cadet in his father's firm in 1898, and became a partner in the Dunedin practice of his uncle, Allan Holmes, in 1904. He later went into partnership with Douglas Gilkison and Robert Ramsay, before forming the Wellington partnership of Young, White and Courtney in 1923. He left that firm in 1934, resuming practice on his own behalf in Wellington.
White held a number of commercial directorships, including of the Union Steam Ship Company of New Zealand, Union Airways of New Zealand, and Tasman Empire Airways.

## Legislative Council

White was appointed to the Legislative Council as a member of the suicide squad nominated by the First National Government in 1950 to vote for the abolition of the Council. Most of the new members (like White) were appointed on 22 June 1950, and served until 31 December 1950 when the Council was abolished.

## Other activities

White served as vice-president of the Wellington Lawn Tennis Association. He was active in the New Zealand Red Cross Society for many years, serving on the national council, first representing Otago and later Wellington. He served as chairman of the New Zealand Red Cross national executive from 1942 to 1946. In 1946, White represented Corso (the Council of Organisations for Relief Service Overseas) in New Zealand at the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration conference in Geneva. In the 1946 New Year Honours, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for services to the New Zealand Red Cross Society.

## Death

White died on 14 August 1966, and his ashes were buried at Karori Cemetery, Wellington. His wife, Nora, died in 1970.
# H.J. Huck & Co.

H. J. Huck & Co. was a lumberyard and construction contracting company in Texas.
The company was founded in 1846 at Indianola, Texas, by German immigrant Henry Joseph Huck (August 3, 1822 – December 18, 1905). He reportedly became "the leading lumbeman and supplier of building materials in the young State of Texas." Huck was also elected first judge of Calhoun County, Texas, and a member of the Indianola Guards. The business was destroyed during the American Civil War, and Huck joined the Confederate Army. Huck resumed business after the war and opened branches in Cuero, Texas, and Victoria, Texas. The business suffered damage in the Gulf Coast hurricanes of 1866 and 1875. He moved the headquarters of the business to Cuero after the 1886 Indianola hurricane destroyed the city, including Huck's business. The Huck Slough Bridge at the south end of Mount Bonnell Road north of Austin, Texas, is named for Judge H. J. Huck's family.
In 1907, the company became known as the Cuero Lumber Co., and eventually became the Alamo Lumber Co..
A number of its works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Works include:
* Bates-Sheppard House, now the DeWitt County Museum, 312 E. Broadway, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J.,& Co.), NRHP-listed
* Billow-Thompson House, 402 E. Broadway, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J.,& Co.), NRHP-listed
* Callaway-Gillette House, 306 E. Sarah, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J., & Co.), NRHP-listed
* Colston-Gohmert House, 309 E. Prairie, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J., & Co.), NRHP-listed
* W. H. Crain House, 508 E. Courthouse, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J., & Co.), NRHP-listed
* William and L. F. Eichholz House, 308 E. Courthouse, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J.,& Co.), NRHP-listed
* Albert and Kate Leinhardt House, 818 E. Morgan, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J., & Co.), NRHP-listed
* Meissner-Pleasants House, 108 N. Hunt, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J., & Co.), NRHP-listed
* S. I. Ott House, 302 N. Hunt, Cuero, Texas (Huck, H. J., & Co.), NRHP-listed
# Joseph Moore (priest)

Joseph Christian Moore, MA (5 November 1802 – 26 February 1886) was archdeacon of Man from 17 April 1844 until his death.
Moore was educated at St Edmund Hall, Oxford, where he matriculated in 1823, and graduated B.A. in 1827. After a curacy at Measham he was for many years the incumbent at Kirk Andreas.
# Joseph C. Brown

Joseph Cromwell Brown (January 29, 1784 – February 21, 1849) was an American surveyor known for establishing the Fifth Principal Meridian's baseline that governs the surveys of all or part of present-day Arkansas, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and South Dakota. The Fifth Principal Meridian was established in 1815 to survey the territory of the Louisiana Purchase, an area of 830,000 square miles (2,100,000 km$^2$).

## Notable surveys

* Initial point of the Fifth Principal Meridian (1815) - Brown established the initial point of the Fifth Principal Meridian which was to be used for surveying lands in the Missouri Territory in the present day states of Arkansas, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota and South Dakota. Brown established the baseline on October 27, 1815 at the mouth of the Mississippi River. Prospect Robbins surveyed north from the mouth of the Arkansas River on the Mississippi. Where the two lines met was the Initial Point which is in Louisiana Purchase State Park in Arkansas.
* First plat of St. Louis, Missouri (1815-1818) - Brown's starting point in the survey was the home of Auguste Chouteau
* Indian Territory Line between Missouri and Indian Territory (1823), present day Kansas - Brown surveys the line south from its origin at the confluence of the Kansas River and Missouri River and then surveys the Missouri-Arkansas line. Virtually all Native Americans south of the Iowa line were to be moved west of line.
* Santa Fe Trail (1825) - surveyed the trail from Jackson County, Missouri to Taos, New Mexico.
* Honey War line (1836) - Brown's most controversial survey was the resurvey of the Sullivan Line, which caused Missouri to claim its border extended 13 miles into Iowa. When Missouri tax collectors attempted to collect revenue from the new territory they were run out of the state. In the process they cut down three trees with honey bee hives for partial payment. The source of the debate was the definition of the Des Moines Rapids. When Missouri entered the Union in 1820 it said its border extended from the rapids on the River Des Moines. Brown couldn't find the rapids at the said intersection with the river-and hence-said the rapids were further north. The Supreme Court was to repudiate what was called "Brown's Line" and uphold the Sullivan Line as the border (although resurveyed).
# Bulwer-Lytton

Bulwer-Lytton is a surname, and may refer to:
* Edward Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton (1803–1873), novelist and politician
* Rosina Bulwer Lytton (1802–1882), feminist writer and wife of Edward Bulwer-Lytton
* Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton (1831–1891), statesman, poet and son of Edward Bulwer-Lytton and Rosina Bulwer Lytton
* Victor Bulwer-Lytton, 2nd Earl of Lytton (1876–1947), politician
* Neville Bulwer-Lytton, 3rd Earl of Lytton (1879–1951), military officer and artist
# Gymnastics at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's rhythmic individual ribbon

The rhythmic individual ribbon competition of the rhythmic gymnastics events at the 2011 Pan American Games was held on October 18 at the Nissan Gymnastics Stadium. The draw for the competition took place on August 1, 2011 in Guadalajara. The defending Pan American Games champion was Lisa Wang of the United States.

## Schedule

All times are Central Standard Time (UTC-6).
| Date | Time | Round |
| October 17, 2011 | 16:35 | Final |

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | |
| | Julie Zetlin | United States | 25.775 |
| | Cynthia Valdez | Mexico | 25.075 |
| | Ana Carrasco Pini | Argentina | 24.600 |
| 4 | Darya Shara | Argentina | 24.400 |
| 5 | Mariam Chamilova | Canada | 24.000 |
| 6 | Angélica Kvieczynski | Brazil | 23.825 |
| 7 | Maria Kitkarska | Canada | 23.050 |
| 8 | Andreina Acevdeo | Venezuela | 22.625 |
# Butler-Wallin House

The Butler-Wallin House, at 1045 E 4500 S, Millcreek, Utah, in Salt Lake County, Utah, was built in 1928–29. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
   The Butler-Wallin House, built in 1928-1929, is a one-and-a-half-story Period Revival-style residence. The house is significant under Criteria A for its association with the agricultural and suburban development of central Salt Lake County. The Butler-Wallin House was originally built as the showpiece of a 35-acre farm. The house and farm had several owners during the historic period, and each had different agricultural use for the property. The farm acreage land was sold for residential development between the 1950s and 1980s, but the house remains a distinctive reminder of the neighborhood's agricultural heritage. The Butler-Wallin House is a rare example of a farmhouse that represents a subset of second-generation Salt Lake County residents, the "gentlemen" farmers. Prosperous businessmen, who like Robert Butler and Alvin G. Wallin, kept their in-town jobs while maintaining suburban farms for hobby, experimentation, and educational purposes. The Butler-Wallin House is also significant under Criterion C as an architectural landmark in the area. The Butler-Wallin House was designed by the first owner, Robert W. Butler, whose avocation was architecture. The design of the house was derived from published plans for farmhouses, but adapted by Butler to produce a period revival hybrid of the English Tudor and Colonial Revival styles. It is the only substantial period revival-style frame house in the area. Thehome's beautiful architecture and lush landscaping made it a popular venue for weddings, receptions, and other social events during the historic period. The Butler-Wallin House and landscape contribute to the historic resources of its Salt Lake County neighborhood.
It has also been known as Butler Farm, as Wallin Farm, as Jensen Dairy.
A three-space garage is a second contributing building on the property.
It is no longer a residence, has been used as a business location since the 1980s.
It is located on the northeast corner of E 4500 S and S 1025 E. in what is now Millcreek, Utah, which was incorporated in 2016.
# Bureau de coopération interuniversitaire

The Bureau de coopération interuniversitaire (BCI, in English Office of Interuniversity Cooperation) - formerly the Conférence des recteurs et des principaux des universités du Québec (CREPUQ, in English Conference of Rectors and Principals of Quebec Universities) - is a private organization which unites, on a voluntary basis, all Quebec universities. The objective of the BCI is to coordinate universities and higher education establishments of Quebec, to represent them in the national and international bodies and to facilitate the evolution of universities. Founded in 1963, CREPUQ was incorporated non-profit in 1967 ; it has a permanent secretariat since January 1968. Its current (2014) president is Guy Breton. Recteur, Université de Montréal; its current (2014) CEO is Claude Bedard.

## International exchanges

The students exchange program CREPUQ provides internationally academic exchanges. Many students come each year to perform one or more years of study in Quebec through this program, which offers various ways in affiliated countries. In France, students are generally exempt from payment of import duties in the Quebec university home and can graduate by French educational equivalence.
# Burnes House

The Burnes House is an historic building in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. It is located on Bastion Square, just east of Wharf Street.
# Burner's Heath and Swallows Pond

Burner's Heath and Swallows Pond is a 5-hectare (12-acre) nature reserve in Pirbright in Surrey. It is owned by Surrey County Council and managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust.
This site is mainly woodland. It is a conifer plantation with areas of broadleaf trees, heath and acid grassland.
There is access from the A324 and B3032 roads.
# Joseph Dickerson

Joseph Thomas Dickerson was an American judge and politician who served on the United States Court for the Indian Territory between 1904 and 1907, in the Oklahoma House of Representatives between 1914 and 1916, and as an appointed judge in Oklahoma County.

## Early life and career

Joseph Thomas Dickerson was born to Thomas and Hannah Dickerson on January 8, 1864, in Lewisburg, Ohio. His family moved to Iowa before settling in Kansas where he attended the University of Kansas; he graduated in 1887. An active member of the Republican Party, he practiced law in Marion, Kansas and was close with U.S. senator Charles Curtis.

## Judgeships and political career

In 1904, the United States Congress created four additional judgeships for Indian Territory and Dickerson was appointed to fill one of the new seats in the Southern District by Theodore Roosevelt; he served until statehood. After statehood, he served on the State Board of Affairs. He ran as the Republican Party's nominee in the 1912 U.S. Senate election. In 1914 he was elected to one term in the Oklahoma House of Representatives. During his term, he was one of the impeachment managers for A.P. Watson's impeachment trial. After retiring from the Oklahoma House he practiced law in Oklahoma County. In 1934, Democratic governor William H. Murray appointed Dickerson to serve on the newly created common pleas court in Oklahoma County.

## Personal life and death

Dickerson married Carrie Sacket in 1891. He died on February 7, 1954, in Edmond, Oklahoma and is buried at Memorial Park Cemetery in Oklahoma City.

## Electoral history

Oklahoma Supreme Court 4th district Republican primary (August 4, 1908) :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Joseph Dickerson | 5,601 | 98.9% |
| | Republican | George W. Richardson | 60 | 1.1% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,661 | |
1908 Oklahoma Supreme Court 4th district election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Democratic | Samuel W. Hayes | 120,657 | 48.2 | −6.6% |
| Republican | Joseph Dickerson | 108,577 | 43.4% | +2% |
| Socialist | A.W. Bennett | 21,089 | 8.4% | +4.7% |
| Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Swing | N/A | |
# Nelson's milksnake

Nelson's milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum nelsoni) is a subspecies of king snake that is found in Mexico from southern Guanajuato and central Jalisco to the Pacific Coast. It is also found on the narrow plains of northwestern Michoacán and on the Tres Marias Islands. The range of this snake appears to be tied to the proximity of watercourses, including ones utilized for irrigation and agriculture. It is a subspecies of the milksnake, Lampropeltis triangulum. It is similar in size to other king snakes, averaging 42 inches (110 cm) long, and like them, it is nonvenomous.
This species is named in honor of Edward W. Nelson who worked for the U.S. Biological Survey from 1890, becoming chief in 1916.

## Characteristics

Size: Adults average 42 inches (110 cm) long.
Habitat: Semi-arid coastal thorn scrub and interior tropical deciduous forests.
Prey: Nelsons are opportunistic feeders. They will eat birds, small rodents, lizards, amphibians, and other snakes, including venomous species. It has a natural tolerance to the venoms of many native snakes.

## Appearance

The snake has 13 to 18 red rings and commonly has a dark-flecked light snout (in rare cases, the snout is mostly black). While the red bands are quite wide, the black ones are noticeably thinner, and the white is very thin. There is practically no black tipping on both the white and the red scales. Albinism and pattern aberrancies are established. It has 19 to 23 rows of smooth scales and a single anal plate.
Until noted by Williams in 1978, it was not recognized that the L. t. sinaloae, or Sinaloan milksnake, found near Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico, is a subspecies of milksnake distinct from the less common L. t. nelsoni.
# Nelson's giant deer mouse

Nelson's giant deer mouse (Megadontomys nelsoni) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Mexico.
# Joseph Thomas Cunningham

Joseph Thomas Cunningham (1859–1935) was a British marine biologist and zoologist known for his experiments on flatfish and his writings on neo-Lamarckism.

## Career

Cunningham worked at the London Hospital Medical College. He completed his science scholarship at Balliol College, Oxford. Cunningham was a neo-Lamarckian. In his book Hormones and Heredity (1921) he proposed that the mechanism for the inheritance of acquired characteristics were hormones. He termed this "chemical Lamarckism".
According to science historian Peter J. Bowler the idea held by Cunningham that hormones transferred from one generation to the next independent of the germ plasm was seen at the time by neo-Lamarckians as a plausible hypothesis, however "its advocates were unable to get beyond the stage of providing indirect evidence for the effect they postulated."

## Experiments

In a series of experiments (in 1891, 1893 and 1895) on the action of light on the coloration of flatfish, Cunningham directed light upon the lower sides of flatfishes by means of a glass-bottomed tank placed over a mirror. He discovered that light causes the production of pigments on the lower sides of flatfishes, and gave his results a Lamarckian interpretation. Other scientists interpreted his results differently. George Romanes wrote approvingly of Cunningham's interpretation, but the geneticist William Bateson was not convinced that the cause of the increase in pigmentation was from the illumination. Thomas Hunt Morgan criticized the experiments and did not believe the results were evidence for Lamarckism.

## Opposition to sexual selection

Cunningham challenged the concept of sexual selection. His book Sexual Dimorphism in the Animal Kingdom (1900) attempted to explain secondary sexual characters by Lamarckian principles. The chemist Raphael Meldola noted in a review for Nature that "although many of us may arrive at the conclusion that Mr. Cunningham has not succeeded in establishing his case, it will be generally admitted that he has discussed the problem, on the whole, in a more or less scientific spirit."
He translated Theodor Eimer's Die Enstehung der Arten (1888) into English.

## Publications

* Charles Darwin: Naturalist (1886)
* Sexual Dimorphism in the Animal Kingdom: A Theory of the Evolution of Secondary Sexual Characters (1900)
* The Preservation of Fishing Nets (1902)
* Hormones and Heredity (1921)
* Modern Biology: A Review of the Principal Phenomena of Animal Life in Relation to Modern Concepts and Theories (1928)
# Chattanooga shooting

Chattanooga shooting may refer to:
* 2015 Chattanooga shootings
* 2022 Chattanooga shooting
# Buriticá

Buriticá is a town and municipality in Antioquia Department, Colombia.

## Demography

An 1852 watercolor by Henry Price depicts an Indian man and woman from Buriticá wearing blue and white clothing. It bears the notation, "Colonel Codazzi believes that this (pure) ethnic group is almost extinct."
According to the 2005 census data from the National Administrative Department of Statistics, the town's ethnic composition is:
* Mestizo & White (98.4%)
* Afro-Colombian (1.6%)
# Güzey, Araban

Güzey is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Araban, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. Its population is 310 (2022).
# Nebula Awards 23

Nebula Awards 23 is an anthology of award winning science fiction short works edited by Michael Bishop, the first of three successive volumes under his editorship. It was first published in hardcover and trade paperback by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich in April 1989.

## Summary

The book collects pieces that won or were nominated for the Nebula Awards for novella, novelette and short story for the year 1988 and various nonfiction pieces related to the awards, together with a tribute to 1988 Grand Master award winner and recently decreased author Alfred Bester, the three Rhysling Award-winning poems for 1987, a couple other pieces, and an introduction by the editor. Not all nominees for the various awards are included.

## Contents

* "Introduction" (Michael Bishop)
* "The World Renews Itself: A View on the SF and Fantasy of 1987" [essay] (Ian Watson)
* "In Memoriam: Alfred Bester 1913 1987" [essay] (Isaac Asimov)
* "Forever Yours, Anna" [Best Short Story winner, 1988] (Kate Wilhelm)
* "Flowers of Edo" [Best Novelette nominee, 1988] (Bruce Sterling)
* "Schwarzschild Radius" Best Novelette nominee, 1988 (Connie Willis)
* "Witness" [Best Novella nominee, 1988] (Walter Jon Williams)
* "Judgment Call" [novelette] (John Kessel)
* "The Glassblower's Dragon" [short story] (Lucius Shepard)
* "Rachel in Love" [Best Novelette winner, 1988] (Pat Murphy)
* "Rhysling Poetry Award Winners" [essay] (Michael Bishop)
* "Before the Big Bang: News from the Hubble Large Space Telescope" [Rhysling Award, Best Short Poem co-winner, 1987] (Jonathan V. Post)
* "A Dream of Heredity" [Rhysling Award, Best Short Poem co-winner, 1987] (John Calvin Rezmerski)
* "Daedalus" [Rhysling Award, Best Long Poem winner, 1987] (W. Gregory Stewart)
* "Angel" [Best Short Story nominee, 1988] (Pat Cadigan)
* "Freezeframe" [short story] (Gregory Benford)
* "The Blind Geometer" [Best Novella winner, 1988] (Kim Stanley Robinson)
* "Spelling God with the Wrong Blocks" [short story] (James Morrow)
* "DX" [poem] (Joe Haldeman)
* "Science Fiction Movies of 1987" [essay] (Bill Warren)
* "About the Nebula Award" [essay] (Michael Bishop)
* "Past Nebula Award Winners"

## Reception

Kirkus Reviews called the anthology "[s]olid and dependable overall, measuring up to the high standards set in previous years." Singled out as "the most noteworthy entries" are the pieces by Kate Wilhelm, Bruce Sterling, Gregory Benford, Kim Stanley Robinson, and James Morrow.

## Awards

The book placed thirteenth in the 1990 Locus Poll Award for Best Anthology.
# Joseph Henry Joof

Joseph Henry Joof (born 25 October 1960) is a Gambian lawyer, politician, and writer. He attended Keele University from 1981 to 1985. From 1998 to 2001, he served as president of the Gambia Bar Association, and later as Attorney General and Minister of Justice of the Gambia from 2001 to 2003.