OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chattur Singh

Chandersen Chattur Singh was an Indo-Fijian politician. He caused a major sensation in the 1937 elections when he defeated A. D. Patel, a well known lawyer and political ally of Vishnu Deo.

## Early Political Activities

Chattur Singh was one of the first Indo-Fijians to take an active interest in politics. He opposed the Residential Tax Legislation (poll tax) of 1922, which imposed an annual tax of one pound on all Fiji residents between the ages of 18 and 60, by refusing to pay the tax. The court ordering his bicycle to be sold to pay for the tax. In the early twenties he formed the Young Men’s Indian Association of Lautoka, which in 1926 asked for an Indian member to be nominated again to the Legislative Council and Badri Maharaj was re-nominated. Singh had been an early supporter of common roll and on a visit overseas in 1929, put the case for Fiji Indians to H.S.L. Polak, the Secretary for the Indians Overseas Association. In the 1929 elections his brother Parmanand was one of the first Indo-Fijians elected to the Council. In 1931, he appealed to Jawaharlal Nehru for help for the Fiji Indians in their fight for common roll.

## The 1937 election

In the 1937 election, Singh decided to contest the Northern and Western Indian Division against A.D. Patel. Singh was a law clerk (for Lautoka lawyer, Douglas Charmers) while Patel was an accomplished lawyer and had the support of Vishnu Deo. Chattur Singh used an ingenious technique to fight the election. He used the Fiji Indian’s dislike of Gujarati traders and money lenders, and the fact that A.D. Patel was an India-born Gujarati, to turn the election to one between Fiji-born and India-born. Together with Ayodhya Prasad and other young men he organised a secret organisation called the New Youth Army. Singh won the election by 671 votes to Patel's 651 with 66 votes being invalid.

## Political decline

Later in 1937, when the Kisan Sangh was formed, its members were mainly those who had supported Singh in the election campaign. Aware of the power of the Colonial Sugar Refining Company, Singh soon distanced himself from the Kisan Sangh. He claimed to represent the mill workers and farmers in their struggle for better remuneration, but without a political base, did not have enough support to contest the next election in 1940 elections. During the Second World War, he supported the war effort and had his son enlisted in the army. In the 1947 elections Singh challenged the incumbent, A.D. Patel, and lost by 1,972 votes to 1,106. He attempted another comeback in 1956, losing to Ayodhya Prasad in a five-way race.
# Q Velorum

The Bayer designations q Velorum and Q Velorum are distinct. Due to technical limitations, both designations link here. For the star
* q Velorum, see HD 88955
* Q Velorum, see HD 88206
# Coreoidea

Coreoidea is a superfamily of true bugs in the infraorder Pentatomomorpha which includes leaf-footed bugs and allies. There are more than 3,300 described species in Coreoidea.
There are five extant families presently recognized, but the Coreoidea as a whole are part of a close-knit group with the Lygaeoidea and Pyrrhocoroidea and it is likely that these three superfamilies are paraphyletic to a significant extent; they are therefore in need of revision and redelimitation.
The families are:
* Alydidae Amyot & Serville, 1843 – broad-headed bugs
* Coreidae Leach, 1815 – leaf-footed bugs and squash bugs
* Hyocephalidae Bergroth, 1906
* Rhopalidae – scentless plant bugs
* Stenocephalidae Amyot & Serville, 1843
* † Trisegmentatidae Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994
* † Yuripopovinidae Azar, Nel, Engel, Garrouste & Matocq, 2011
* † Pachymeridiidae Handlirsch, 1906
# Nicolao Atelier

Nicolao Atelier is a costume manufacturer and supply house based in Venice, Italy. The company has created costumes for the films Farinelli, The Wings of the Dove, Elizabeth, The Merchant of Venice and Casanova.
# Murray Mills (bishop)

Murray John Mills (born 29 May 1936) was the 13th Anglican bishop of Waiapu from 1991 to 2002.
He was educated at the University of Auckland and ordained in 1961. He embarked on his ecclesiastical career with a curacy at Papakura. After a similar post in Whangārei he held incumbencies at the Bay of Islands then Matamata. From 1976 to 1981 he was Archdeacon of Waikato then Dean of Waiapu until 1991, in which year he became the diocesan bishop. He was consecrated a bishop on 2 February 1991. He was a member of the Presidium of the Conference of Churches of Aotearoa New Zealand. He is married to Judith Anne Mills.
# Phebalium megaphyllum

Phebalium megaphyllum is a species of erect, rounded shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has glandular-warty branchlets, oblong to wedge-shaped leaves with a groove on the upper surface, and white flowers arranged in umbels of three to six on the ends of branchlets.

## Description

Phebalium megaphyllum is an erect, rounded shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.4–2 m (1 ft 4 in – 6 ft 7 in). Its branchlets are glandular-warty and the leaves are linear oblong to wedge-shaped, 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in) long and 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) wide on a short petiole. The upper surface is glabrous with a central groove and the lower surface is covered with silvery scales and has a prominent, warty mid-vein. The flowers are white and borne in umbels of three to six, each flower on a pedicel 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long. The five sepals are 3.5–4.5 mm (0.14–0.18 in) long, joined for half their length and covered with rust-coloured scales on the outside. The petals are broadly elliptical, 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long and 2.5–3.5 mm (0.098–0.138 in) wide, covered with silvery or rust-coloured scales. Flowering occurs from September to November.

## Taxonomy

This phebalium was first formally described in 1907 by Alfred James Ewart who gave it the name Eriostemon tuberculosus var. megaphyllus and published the description in Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. In 1998, Paul G. Wilson changed the name to Phebalium megaphyllum, publishing the change in the journal Nuytsia.

## Distribution and habitat

Phebalium megaphyllum grows in scrub on undulating plains, ironstone hills and breakaways between Mullewa, Coolgardie and Ravensthorpe.

## Conservation status

This phebalium is classified as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# Chionodes spirodoxa

Chionodes spirodoxa is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Brazil.
# Myrer

Myrer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anton Myrer (1922–1996), United States Marine Corps veteran and novelist
* Patricia Schartle Myrer (1923–2010), American editor, literary agent, and publishing executive, wife of Anton
# The Memphis Sessions

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Record Mirror | |
The Memphis Sessions is a compilation album by Scottish pop-rock quartet Wet Wet Wet. Released on 7 November 1988, the album features a number of tracks recorded during the early recording sessions for the band's debut studio album, Popped in Souled Out. The album contains three previously unreleased songs, as well as five alternative versions of songs from Popped in Souled Out.
The album was produced and mixed by Willie Mitchell at Royal Studios in Memphis, Tennessee. The album was originally shelved following the band's signing to Mercury Records, but was later released following the success of Popped in Souled Out. The album reached #3 in the UK Albums Chart.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Clark/Cunningham/Mitchell/Pellow, except "This Time", by Willie Mitchell and Ed Adams, Jr., and "Heaven Help Us All", by Ron Miller. All tracks produced by Wet Wet Wet

## Charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak position | Certification |
| UK Albums Chart | 3 | Platinum |
| Netherlands (MegaCharts) | 9 | — |
# Consed

Consed is a program for viewing, editing, and finishing DNA sequence assemblies. Originally developed for sequence assemblies created with phrap, recent versions also support other sequence assembly programs like Newbler.

## History

Consed was originally developed as a contig editing and finishing tool for large-scale cosmid shotgun sequencing in the Human Genome Project. At genome sequencing centers, Consed was used to check assemblies generated by phrap, solve assembly problems like those caused by highly identical repeats, and finishing tasks like primer picking and gap closure. Development of Consed has continued after the completion of the Human Genome Project. Current Consed versions support very large projects with millions of reads, enabling the use with newer sequencing methods like 454 sequencing and Solexa sequencing. Consed also has advanced tools for finishing tasks like automated primer picking
# Q Theatre, Auckland

Q Theatre is theatre facility on Queen St in central Auckland, New Zealand, with two performance spaces. It regularly presents work from annual events in Auckland such New Zealand International Comedy Festival, Tempo Dance Festival and Auckland Arts Festival.

## History

The background to the theatre comes from a group who formed an initiative in 2000 called New Theatre. This was after the closure of the Watershed Theatre in 1996. The Q Theatre brand was launched in 2006.
Construction started in 2009 after fundraising for the NZ$21 million budget. Founding partners and funders include the Auckland Council, Foundation North, New Zealand Lottery Grants Board and private donors.
Q Theatre was designed by Cheshire Architects Limited. The design work was undertaken by Pip Cheshire and Melbourne based architectural theatre specialist Virginia Ross. Architect Raukura Turei also worked on the redevelopment in a role with Te Rōpū Reo Whakahaere, a Māori consultant group. Turei observed there was, 'a level of engagement in te ao Māori that enriched the way the building is used...'.
It is a mixture of a purpose built building and a 'strengthened and reworked' 1920's building (the ‘No Deposit Piano Building').
   The project required the demolition and replacement of the existing Town Hall green room and the maintenance of storage and access to the Town Hall’s basement kitchens. (Cheshire Architects)
The building Q Theatre was recognised as the Auckland Architecture Awards Winner 2012 for, 'an adroit and harmonious insertion into a constrained and historic site'. The persistence of people involved in the building project was also acknowledged.
Jennifer Ward-Lealand is a patron of Q Theatre.

## Facilities

There are two auditoriums, Rangitira which is a 450-seat flexible format space and the Loft, which seats 120 seats. It also includes rehearsal space and an entrance lobby, bar and cafe.

## Programmes

Matchbox is one of Q Theatre's regular programmes running since 2011. It is a development scheme to help artists in a professional arena and to develop new audiences. Performances in this programmes have included Burn Her and the musical Daffodils, which was later adapted into a feature film.
New Zealand International Comedy Festival, Tempo Dance Festival and the Auckland Arts Festival regularly programme works at Q Theatre.
# Coreoblemus

Coreoblemus is a genus in the ground beetle family Carabidae. There are about five described species in Coreoblemus, found in Japan and Korea.

## Species

These five species belong to the genus Coreoblemus:
* Coreoblemus miyamai Ueno, 2007 (Japan)
* Coreoblemus namkungi Park; Lafer & Sone, 2002 (South Korea)
* Coreoblemus parvicollis Ueno, 1969 (South Korea)
* Coreoblemus sejimai Ueno, 2007 (Japan)
* Coreoblemus venustus Ueno, 1969 (Japan)
# Nicolao Civitali

Nicolao Civitali (1482 - after 1560) was an Italian Renaissance sculptor and architect, active in his native Lucca. He was the son of the sculptor Matteo. His son, Vincenzo Civitali, was also a local engineer and architect.
# Mundh

Mundh is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 8.8 kilometres (5.5 mi) from Nakodar, 33.8 kilometres (21.0 mi) from Kapurthala, 18 kilometres (11 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 163 kilometres (101 mi) from state capital Chandigarh.

## Transport

Nakodar railway station is the nearest train station. The village is 68 kilometres (42 mi) away from domestic airport in Ludhiana and the nearest international airport is located in Chandigarh also Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the second nearest airport which is 114 kilometres (71 mi) away in Amritsar.
# Murray Menkes

Murray Menkes (April 21, 1926 – April 24, 2013) was a Canadian property developer and founder of Menkes Developments Ltd. in North York, Ontario, which became one of the largest developers in the Toronto area.

## Early life and family

Murray Menkes was born in Toronto on April 21, 1926, to Max and Anne Menkes. His parents were Polish immigrants and came to Canada in the late 1910s. Menkes in his youth started working at his father's fur business until he realized that he can be more successful selling real estate in the 1940s. In 1949 Menkes married Pauline Weintraub and together had three sons Alan, Steven and Peter. His three sons as well as grandsons Jared, Adam, Jason and Sean work at Menkes's company Menkes Developments.

## Menkes Developments

Menkes started Menkes Developments in 1954 with the purchase of several residential buildings in Toronto. Menkes had started out small with building single-family homes and later expanded with rental apartments, condominiums and office properties. By the 1960s, Menkes expanded greatly with the addition of an apartment complex on his property investments. Menkes Developments under Menkes became one of the largest private real estate developers in Canada. In 1984 Menkes Developments built the Procter & Gamble building near Yonge Street and Sheppard Avenue. Several other notable buildings built by Menkes Development is the Four Seasons Hotel in Yorkville, Harbour Plaza and Sun Life Financial Tower. As of 2013, Menkes Development has developed over 15,000 homes and condominiums. Menkes has been credited with creating the modern North York City Centre.
# Mark Birkinshaw

Mark Birkinshaw (1954–2023) was a British physicist who held the William P. Coldrick chair in Cosmology and Astrophysics at the University of Bristol. He was the first to detect the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect. Birkinshaw died in 2023.
# Chionodes sponsus

Chionodes sponsus is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Texas.
# Myresjö

Myresjö is a locality situated in Vetlanda Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 646 inhabitants in 2010.

## Sports

The following sports clubs are located in Myresjö:
* Myresjö IF
# The Hotlines

The Hotlines were an English pop punk band, who formed in Brighton in 2007. They released a split 7-inch record with American pop punk band the Queers in 2008, followed by a self-titled debut album in 2009. Both releases were on Devil's Jukebox records. Their follow-up record, The Return Of... The Hotlines was released on 10-inch vinyl on Monster Zero Records in 2011. During this time they have toured all over Europe. Their sound has often been compared to early Green Day, with nods to the Beach Boys and the Ramones.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* The Hotlines (2009) Devil's Jukebox Records
* Can't Stop Partying (2012) Devil's Jukebox Records

### EPs

* self titled (CDEP) 2007, Bubblegum Attack Records
* untitled (split 7-inch with Radio Days) 2007, Nothing To Prove Records
* untitled (split 7-inch with The Queers) 2008, Devil's Jukebox Records
* The Return Of... The Hotlines (2011) Monster Zero Records

### Compilations

* When The Kids Go Go Go Crazy - A Tribute To The Groovie Ghoulies, 2008, Kamikaze Records
* Where The Fun Never Sets Volume 2, 2008, Cabana 1 Records
# Okino

Okino (written: 沖野) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hitoshi Okino (沖野 等, 1959–2009), Japanese footballer and manager
* Masaki Okino (沖野 将基, born 1996), Japanese footballer

## Fictional characters

* Okino (Ninjago), a character in Ninjago
* Yoko Okino (沖野 ヨーコ), a character in the manga series Case Closed

## Other people

* Betty Okino (born 1975), American actress and gymnast
# Mining industry of Romania

Romania ranks tenth in the world in terms of the diversity of minerals produced in the country. Around 60 different minerals are currently produced in Romania. The richest mineral deposits in the country are halite (sodium chloride).
Other natural resources include: coal, iron ore, copper, chromium, uranium, antimony, mercury, gold, barite, borate, celestine (strontium), emery, feldspar, limestone, magnesite, marble, perlite, pumice, pyrites (sulfur) and clay.
Roșia Montană area is the largest gold deposit in continental Europe, estimated at over 300 tons of gold and 1,600 tons of silver, having a value of $3 billion.

## Conflicts

Mining projects in Romania have resulted in environmental conflicts, resulting in the cancellation of some high-profile projects. For example, development of the Roșia Montană Project was cancelled, after widespread protests in 2013. In 2016, the owner of that project, Gabriel Resources sought $4.4 billion in damages from Romania at the World Bank, claiming that Romania unfairly blocked the company's $2 billion project.
The Rovina mine was also opposed by environmental and environmental justice groups. That project was stalled in 2021.
Anti-mining organisations have attempted to ban gold cyanidation in Romania, because this process has resulted in environmental disasters, such as the 1971 Certej dam failure and the Baia Mare cyanide spill in 2000.

### Baia Mare cyanide spill

The 2000 Baia Mare Cyanide spill was a leak of cyanide near Baia Mare, Romania, into the Someș River by the gold mining company Aurul, a joint-venture of the Australian company Esmeralda Exploration and the Romanian government.

## Production

Romania's mineral production is adequate to supply its manufacturing output. Energy needs are also met by importing bituminous and anthracite coal and crude petroleum. In 2007 approximately 13.4 million tons of anthracite coal, approximately 4,000 tons of tungsten, 565,000 tons of iron ore, and 47,000 tons of zinc ore were mined. Lesser amounts of copper, lead, molybdenum, gold, silver, kaolin, and fluorite also were mined.
In 2004, according to Europaworld.com, the main mining industries in thousand metric tons were:
* brown coal (including lignite): 31,592
* crude petroleum: 5,465
* iron ore: 275
* copper 786.8
* lead concentrates: 15
* zinc concentrates: 18.6
* salt (unrefined): 2,398
* natural gas (million cubic meters): 13,290

## Related industries

Romania is an oil producer, but the level of production is not enough to make the country self-sufficient. As a result, it is a net oil and gas importer.
The pipeline network in Romania included: 1,738 km for crude oil, 2,321 km for petroleum products and 708 km for natural gas, in 1999. Several major new pipelines are planned, especially the Nabucco Pipeline for Caspian oilfields, the longest one in the world.
# Chinese destroyer Jinan (105)

Jinan (105) is a Type 051 destroyer of the People's Liberation Army Navy.

## Development and design

The PLAN began designing a warship armed with guided missiles in 1960 based on the Soviet Neustrashimy, with features from the Kotlin-class destroyer, but the Sino-Soviet split stopped work. Work resumed in 1965 with nine ships being ordered.

## Construction and career

Jinan was launched on 30 July 1970 at the Luda Shipyard in Shanghai. Commissioned on 31 December 1971.
She was decommissioned on 15 November 2007 and currently she sits at Qingdao Naval Museum, Qingdao as a museum ship.

## Gallery

* Nanjing underway in 1970.
* Jinan's on 11 July 2008.
* Jinan's hangar on 13 July 2008.
* Jinan and Yingtan on 4 September 2011.
* Jinan and Yingtan on 4 September 2011.
* Jinan and Yingtan on 4 September 2011.
* Jinan and Yingtan on 4 September 2011.
* Jinan on 4 September 2011.
# Nicolangelo Carnimeo

Nicolangelo Carnimeo (6 July 1887 – 1965) was an Italian general of World War II and a politician in the Italian Republic.
Carnimeo was born in Bari on 6 July 1887. He graduated in law and political sciences and in 1909 was commissioned as an officer in the Royal Italian Army in 1909. He served during both the Italo-Turkish War and the First World War. From 1940 to 1941, as a brigadier general during the East African Campaign of the Second World War, he commanded the 2nd Eritrean Division in Italian East Africa and led the X Territorial Defence Command. He fought the brilliant, if doomed, defence in the Battle of Keren, one of the major feats of arms of Italy in the war, and was promoted to major general afterwards. He himself highly esteemed the bravery of the Indian troops in the service of the British Empire he faced in Africa. He ended the war as lieutenant general and later was a legal-administrative judge and then a member of Parliament of the Italian Republic. General Carnimeo died in Naples in 1965.
# Mundeu

Mundeu maculicollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Mundeu.
# Boromissi

Boromissi is a village in the Siby Department of Balé Province in south-western Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 736.
# Mark 27 nuclear bomb

The Mark 27 nuclear bomb and closely related W27 warhead were two American thermonuclear weapon designs from the late 1950s.

## History and design

The Mark 27 was designed by the University of California Radiation Laboratory (UCRL; now Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) starting in the mid-1950s. The basic design concept competed with the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL; now Los Alamos National Laboratory) design that would become the Mark 28 / B-28 nuclear bomb and W28 warhead. The Mark 27 was roughly twice as heavy as the Mark 28/B-28/W28 family of thermonuclear weapons. The Mark 27/W27 devices had a yield of 1,900 kilotonnes of TNT (7,900 TJ) versus the 1,100 kilotonnes of TNT (4,600 TJ) (later 1,450 kilotonnes of TNT (6,100 TJ)) of the Mark 28/B-28/W28 weapons.
The Mark 27 and W27 were produced from 1958; both were retired by 1964, as the Kennedy administration began to redirect funding from manned nuclear bomber programs. Both US Navy bombers carrying the Mark 27 bomb, the Douglas A-3 Skywarrior and North American A-5 Vigilante, were repurposed from the nuclear strike role to tanker, electronic countermeasure (A-3) or reconnaissance (A-5) roles by 1965.
The W27 warhead was 31 inches (790 mm) in diameter by 75 inches (1,900 mm) long, and weighed 2,800 pounds (1,300 kg). 20 W27 warheads were produced for the United States Navy SSM-N-9 Regulus II cruise missiles. The W-27 warhead was withdrawn from service along with the Regulus cruise missile in 1964.
The Mark 27 bomb was 30 inches (760 mm) in diameter by 124 to 142 inches (3,100 to 3,600 mm) long, depending on specific version. The three versions weighed 3,150 to 3,300 pounds (1,430 to 1,500 kg). 700 Mark 27 bombs were produced.

## Explanatory notes

* ↑ The W27 was the only warhead for Regulus
# Chionodes soella

Chionodes soella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Russia (Transbaikal, Ural and Altai Mountains). The habitat consists of taiga forests.
The larvae possibly feed on Larix sibirica.