OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# British Columbia (Superintendent of Motor Vehicles) v British Columbia (Council of Human Rights)

British Columbia (Superintendent of Motor Vehicles) v British Columbia (Council of Human Rights), [1999] 3 S.C.R. 868, known as the Grismer Estate case, is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on human rights law. The Court held that the British Columbia Superintendent of Motor Vehicles was in violation of the provincial Human Rights Code for cancelling the driver's licence of Terry Grismer because he had a visual disability.

## Background

Terry Grismer was a mining truck driver who, after suffering from a stroke in 1984, suffered from homonymous hemianopia (H.H.), a visual disability that reduces the scope of peripheral vision. After the stroke the Superintendent of Motor Vehicles cancelled his driver's licence on the grounds that his condition made him incapable of meeting the minimum standard for peripheral vision required when driving. This rule applied to all people who suffered from H.H.
Grismer brought a complaint to the Human Rights Commission for discrimination against the disabled. The Human Rights Tribunal found that the Superintendent directly discriminated and ordered a reassessment of his (Grismer's) visual abilities. A judge of the Supreme Court of British Columbia dismissed the Superintendent's petition for judicial review but the Court of Appeal set aside that decision.
Grismer's estate appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada. The issue before the Court was whether the complete prohibition against people with H.H. from driving was a reasonable standard under the requirements established in the Meiorin case.

## Reasons of the court

McLachlin, writing for a unanimous Court, found that the Superintendent discriminated against Grismer.
McLachlin found that the Meiorin test for determining if a standard is a bona fide occupational requirement applied not just in the employment context but to all circumstances of discrimination where accommodation may be available.
In considering Grismer's situation, McLachlin found that there was prima facie discrimination as his licence was cancelled on the basis of a disability. She then applied the Meiorin test and found that the discrimination was not justifiable. The goal of the prohibition was to protect the public which was rationally connected to the issuing of licences. The practice was also found to be in good faith. The standard failed the third step as it was not reasonably necessary to accomplish the goal. Furthermore, the Superintendent failed to show that any accommodation such as allowing individual testing would constitute undue hardship.
# C25H35NO4

The molecular formula C$_{25}$H$_{35}$NO$_4$ (molar mass: 413.54 g/mol, exact mass: 413.2566 u) may refer to:
* Dihydroetorphine, an analgesic drug
* Norbuprenorphine
# Carrie H. Thomas

Carrie H. Thomas was an African-American physician and educator.

## Early life

In 1882, Carrie H. Thomas graduated from Miner Normal School, a Washington, D.C. school that focused on training young African American women as teachers. Although a public school by the time Thomas attended, Miner Normal School had previously been associated with Howard University, where Thomas then enrolled for training as a physician. At a time when there were very few black women physicians, Carrie H. Thomas graduated from Howard University College of Medicine in the class of 1890.

## Career

Prior to the 1880s, there had been no consistent teaching of physical education in Washington, D.C. public schools for African American children. Combining her medical and education academic training, Thomas played an early role in overseeing the improvement of physical education, with Edwin Bancroft Henderson later revolutionizing the system. In 1892, she was appointed Superintendent of Heredity and Hygiene, assisting in supervising physical education.
On June 30 that year, she wrote a report, signed "C.H. Thomas," detailing visits twice a month to the schools, supervising lesson plans, and observing the physical education classes. Dr. Thomas gave weekly talks to teachers on physical education, hygiene, and other topics covered in the physical education classes. When Thomas resigned the following year, she was succeeded by physical education teacher Mary P. Evans.
In 1896, Thomas was living in Washington D.C., where she represented the Lucy Thurman W.C.T.U. (Women's Christian Temperance Union) during a convention of the National Federation of Colored Women and the National League of Colored Women. Other convention attendees included Margaret Murray Washington (president of the Federation) and Ida B. Wells.
From at least 1905 through 1915, she was serving in the Woman's Relief Corps (WRC). In 1911, Thomas also was serving as treasurer for the O.P. Morton Woman's Relief Corps, No. 1. Thomas represented the Potomac at the National Convention for the WRC in 1915, where she was the convention's official physician.

## Death

Thomas died in 1930 at the Freedman's Hospital, later Howard University Hospital. The hospital now is the site of the Howard University College of Nursing and College of Allied Health Sciences.
# Cochylimorpha clathrana

Cochylimorpha clathrana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Ukraine and Russia.
The wingspan is 16–20 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing in May.
# Márcio Souza

Márcio Souza may refer to:
* Márcio Souza (writer) (1946–2024), Brazilian writer and journalist
* Márcio de Souza (born 1975), Brazilian hurdler
* Márcio Souza (footballer) (born 1980), Brazilian footballer
# John Pugh (of Mathafarn)

John Pugh (c. 1675–1737) of Mathafarn, Llanwrin, Montgomeryshire, was a British lawyer and Tory politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1705 to 1727.
Pugh was the eldest son of William Pugh of Mathafarn and his wife Margaret Lloyd, daughter of John Lloyd of Ceiswyn and Aberllefenni, Merionethshire. He was admitted at Inner Temple in 1690 and matriculated at Jesus College, Oxford on 13 June 1691, aged 15.In 1700 he was called to the bar. Having been appointed to the commission of the peace, he was removed in about 1702, but was then named as a Deputy Lieutenant for the county in 1703. He married Elizabeth Scudamore, daughter of John Scudamore, 2nd Viscount Scudamore in about.1708.
Pugh was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Cardiganshire at the 1705 general election, probably by the influence of Lewis Pryse and was restored to the commission of the peace. In Parliament he voted against the Court candidate in the division on the Speaker on 25 October 1705, and told on the Tory side on 22 January 1706. At the 1708 general election, he changed seats to Montgomery Boroughs, where his family had an interest and was returned unopposed. He was present at a meeting of Tory gentlemen in Aberystwyth in 1710 when Lewis Pryse and the assembled company drank the Pretender's health on their knees. He was a Tory on his unopposed return to Parliament in 1710 although frequently absent. At the 1713 general election, he was returned unopposed again. He was a teller on 29 June 1714 in a division on the Southwark election and on 12 August 1714 presented a bill to correct mistakes in the 1714 Land Tax Act.
Pugh was returned for Montgomery Boroughs at the 1715 general election but was inactive in Parliament. In 1719, he was taken into custody for defaulting on a call of the House. He succeeded his father in 1719 and became a dominant figure in Montgomeryshire politics. At the 1722 general election, he was returned again, with the help of Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, 3rd Baronet. He did not stand at the 1727 general election, but there was a double return at Montgomery and he was called to testify as a witness for the Tory candidate on the election petition.
Pugh died on 30 November 1737, and was buried at Llanwrin. He had one son who predeceased him. His heiress was a niece, the wife of Thomas Pryse of Gogerddan. The Mathafarn estate was subsequently sold to the trustees of Sir Watkin Williams Wynn for £33,400, and merged into the Wynnstay estate.
# Swapnabhoomi

Swapnabhoomi is a 1967 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by S. R. Puttanna and produced by Rangarajan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sathyan, Sheela and Kaviyoor Ponnamma in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan. The film is a remake of director's own Kannada film Belli Moda released in the same year.

## Cast

* Prem Nazir
* Sathyan
* Sheela
* Kaviyoor Ponnamma
* Adoor Bhasi
* B. N. Nambiar
* Lakshmi

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by G. Devarajan and the lyrics were written by Vayalar Ramavarma.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Aa Kayyil Ee Kayyil" | P. Susheela | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 2 | "Ezhilam Poomarakkaattil" | P. Susheela | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 3 | "Madhumathi" | K. J. Yesudas | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 4 | "Premasarvaswame" | K. J. Yesudas | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 5 | "Vellichirakulla" | P. Susheela | Vayalar Ramavarma |
# Jean-Henri Naderman

Jean-Henri Naderman (baptised 20 July 1734 – 4 February 1799) was one of the leading harp-makers in Paris in the 18th century, and also a music publisher. He supplied the Royal Household with his instruments and wrote his music in classical style, with a large influence of the baroque. He had two sons, François Joseph Naderman, renowned harpist, and Henri Naderman, harp maker.

## Life

Jean-Henri Naderman was baptised (and presumably born) in Lichtenau in the archdiocese of Paderborn, but emigrated to France around 1756 where he began working as a harp manufacturer. Later in 1777 he was licensed to work as a music publisher. He rose to fame when he was commissioned to create and perfect the harps of Queen Marie-Antoinette on her arrival in France, together with the Czech composer and harpist Jean-Baptiste Krumpholtz.
The Naderman single-pedal harp is supposed to have been modelled after the successful eighteenth-century Bavarian single-action mechanism pedal harp, whose manufacture, although claimed by several other harp makers including Jean Paul Vetter of Nuremberg and Johann Hausen of Weimar, is often attributed to Jacob Hochbrucker. Today, six harps of this specific model have been located. Jean-Henri Naderman died in Paris.

## Works

* Petite chasse
* Sonate op. 17 no.2 in F major (harp solo)
* 12 Études et un thème varié (harp solo)
# Chumbylat

Chumbylat (Mari: Чумбылат, Кугу Курык Кугыза) was a 12th-century ruler of the northern Mari city and country of Kokshar, nowadays known as Kotel'nich, in Russia. He came from a noble dynasty of rulers of Kokshar and was related to the previous ruler, Kugyrak. Chumbylat united the Mari people and brought them to the land they live in now. He ordered the building of many fortresses and his country reached from Kotel'nich to Nizhny Novgorod. The Mari people considered Chumbylat their king. During his reign, many religious traditions developed that stayed unchanged for centuries. Before going to battle, Chumbylat and his companions prayed in the sacred groves accompanied by a zither ensemble. After that they sang inspirational songs and went into battle.
In 1181 Kotel'nich was captured for the first time by the Novgorod uškuiniks. Chumbylat built a new capital Kukarka and attacked Kotel'nich and Hlynov, destroying them completely.
According to Mari oral tradition, Chumbylat gathered armies of tens of thousands of warriors to defend his land, people and religion.
Chumbylat lived a long life and ordered him to be buried by his fortress in Kukarka on Chumbylat's mountain.

## Chumbylat's mountain

After Chumbylat's death, the Maris began revering him by his grave. Regular prayers were organised even after the Russian conquest of Maris. However, this was not to the liking of the Russian church and in 1831 the Vjatka police chief ordered the mountain to be blown up. When Maris continued praying on Chumbylat's mountain, armed guards were sent to guard the mountain. Then the Maris organised their prayers on a neighbouring mountain a few kilometres away, to which the Maris in the region were gulaged and Russians were brought in instead.
In 1993 the big prayers on Chumbylat's mountain were brought back. Since then, even three years, Maris from all over Russia visit Chumbylat's grave.
# British Columbia Arts Council

The British Columbia Arts Council (or BC Arts Council) is a statutory independent agency supporting arts in British Columbia.
The Council was created by the BC Arts Council Act, 1995. In the year ending March 31, 2018 Council distributed over C$24 million in awards, grants and scholarships to individuals and organizations in 225 communities across the province.
# John Powers (American football coach)

John A. Powers was an American college football player and coach. He served as the co-head football coach at Villanova College—now known as Villanova University—in 1900 with John J. Egan, compiling a record of 5–2–2.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Villanova Wildcats (Independent) (1900) ||||||
| 1900 | Villanova | 5–2–2 |
| Villanova: | Villanova: | 5–2–2 |
| Total: | Total: | 5–2–2 |
# John Power (director)

John Beresford Power (20 November 1930 – February 2016) was an Australian film and television director, who began his career as a journalist.

## Early life and journalism career

Power was born in Maitland, New South Wales. His older brother was Dave Power, a long-distance runner who won medals at the Olympics and Commonwealth Games. After leaving school, he joined the Maitland Mercury as a cadet journalist, later moving to Sydney to work for The Daily Telegraph and The Daily Mirror. He was a political journalist in Canberra at the time of the Australian Labor Party split of 1955, events which he would later cover in the documentary film Like a Summer Storm.

## Awards

Power won the AFI Award for Best Direction for the 1974 TV docudrama Billy and Percy.

## Select filmography

* The Other Side of Innocence (1972) (documentary) - director
* Like a Summer Storm (1972) (TV movie) - director, writer, producer
* What did you do at school today? (1974) (documentary short) - director
* Escape from Singapore (1974) (TV movie) - director, writer, producer
* Billy and Percy (1974) (TV movie) - director, writer, producer
* They Don't Clap Losers (1975) (TV movie) - director, writer, producer
* The Picture Show Man (1977) - director
* The Sound of Love (1978) (TV movie) - director, writer
* A Single Life (1986) (TV movie)
* The Dismissal (1983) (TV miniseries) - director
* The Great Gold Swindle (1984) - director
* Special Squad (1984) (TV Series) - director
* Return to Eden (1986) (TV series) - director
* A Single Life (1986) - director, writer
* Alice to Nowhere (1986) (TV miniseries) - director
* Willing and Abel (1987) (TV series) - director
* Mike Willesee's Australians (1988) (TV series) - director episode "Clyde Fenton"
* The Dirtwater Dynasty (1988) (TV miniseries) - director
* Tanamera - Lion of Singapore (1989) (TV miniseries) - director
* Father (1990) - director
* Sky Trackers (1990) (TV movie) - director
* All the Rivers Run 2 (1990) (TV miniseries) - director
* Charles and Diana: Unhappily Ever After (1992) (TV movie) - director
* The Tommyknockers (1993) (TV miniseries) - director
* Someone Else's Child (1994) (TV movie) - director
* Betrayed by Love (1994) (TV movie) - director
* Fatal Vows: The Alexandra O'Hara Story (1994) (TV movie) - director
* A Child is Missing (1995) (TV movie) - director
* Heart of Fire (1997) (TV movie) - director
* Goldrush: A Real Life Alaskan Adventure (1998) (TV movie) - director
# Nanda Devi Plutonium Mission

The Nanda Devi Plutonium Mission was a joint operation by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Indian Intelligence Bureau (IB) to spy on the nuclear developments being conducted in the Xinjiang Province of China. The agencies cooperated in October 1965 to install a nuclear-powered remote sensing station on the peak of Nanda Devi in the Uttarakhand Garhwal Himalayas.
The mission failed after the plutonium powered Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator was lost in the mountains because of a strong snowstorm.

## The mission

In 1965, the Pentagon and the CIA were worried about the Chinese Nuclear Developments. The Vietnam War was ramping up and the United States had no intelligence data to counter any Chinese threat. The Chinese conducted nuclear tests in secretive facilities.
Two years prior, a top US air force officer led a successful expedition to the summit of Mount Everest. He suggested Pentagon to recruit the hardy Sherpas to install a remote sensing station on the summit. But this idea ran into some problem as Mount Everest also bordered China. After consultations with Indian authorities, the Pentagon concluded to install a remote sensing station on the summit of Nanda Devi within the Indian territory at an altitude of 25,645 feet (7,817 m).
In October 1965, the CIA with the Indian Intelligence Bureau started the mission. The members were tasked to install an 8–10 feet high antenna, two transceiver sets, and the plutonium-powered Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator and its seven plutonium capsules. When the mission reached camp IV, a blizzard hit, and team leader Manmohan Singh Kohli decided to turn back. The mission hooked the device in a crevice, anchored it, and headed back to the base.

## Aftermath

In the spring of May 1966, a follow-up Indian expedition was sent to Camp IV to recover the device and its plutonium capsules. The expedition failed to find any signs of the generator and its capsules. Later, an American team of mountaineers was also recruited to recover the device. One of the members of the team, Dave Dingman, said that they had scanned the area of Nanda Devi with neutron detectors but no evidence of plutonium was found. The team concluded that the device and its capsules were carried downhill by a landslide.
In 1967, the CIA managed to install a nuclear-powered signal device near the summit of Nanda Kot, at over 22,000 feet; the device worked for a few months and confirmed that the Chinese did not, at that time, possess a long-range nuclear bomb.

## Claims and beliefs

Broughton Coburn, author of the book The Vast Unknown: America's First Ascent of Everest, claims that the Indian intelligence had secretly hiked up there before that spring mission and retrieved the device, presumably in order to study it and possibly gather the plutonium.
The local inhabitants of the region claim that due to the presence of the nuclear capsule there has been an increased number of floods and ice calving.
# British West Indies Study Circle

The British West Indies Study Circle exists to promote interest in and the study of the stamps and postal history of the islands that comprise the British West Indies and in addition Bermuda, British Guiana (Guyana) and British Honduras (Belize) and the postal history and postal markings of other British interests in the Caribbean, and Central or South America.
The Circle publish a Quarterly Bulletin and other books and monographs relating to the area.

## Selected publications

* Montserrat by L.E. Britnor, revised by Charles Freeland.
* The Encyclopaedia of Jamaican Philately. Various authors.
* Trinidad - A Philatelic History to 1913 by Sir John Marriott, Michael Medlicott and Reuben A. Ramkissoon.
# John Sturges (disambiguation)

John Sturges is a film director.
John Sturges(s) may also refer to:
* John Sturges (priest)
* John Sturges (photographer) known as Jock
* John Sturgess, artist
# Brooks, Michigan

Brooks, Michigan may refer to:
* Brooks, Bay County, Michigan
* Brooks, Newaygo County, Michigan
# John Stamstad

John Stamstad is a member of the Mountain Bike Hall of Fame. He was famous for his domination of long-distance mountain bike races. He entered his first long-distance road bike race in 1985. The 547-mile (880 km) non-stop race was across Missouri from St. Louis to Kansas City and back. In 1991 he switched from road events to ultra-marathon mountain bike events when he entered the Montezuma's Revenge, a 24-hour race in Colorado.
Stamstad has moved on to distance running in recent years, serving as a sponsored "ambassador" for Patagonia, the outdoor clothing and equipment manufacturer. He has spent his time running self-supported across some of the world's most desolate terrain. He ran the 200-mile (320 km) John Muir Trail in 2005, unsupported. On a 100-mile (160 km) desert run, on the White Rim Road in Canyonlands National Park, Stamstad ran with a modified baby jogger full of water .

## Major results and records

* 1992 First crossing of the Australian continent by bicycle-The Australian Bicycle Challenge, a 3,500-mile (5,600 km) off-road race through the remote Outback.
* Iditasport Race (170 mile) - Alaska -1993, 1994, 1995, 1996
* Iditasport Race (350 mile) - Alaska - 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000
* Ultra-Marathon Cycling Association 24 Hour Off-Road World Record - 352 miles (566 km)
* 1996 First solo entry and first solo finish of the 24 Hours of Canaan (He entered as a team using four variations of his name) and bested more than half of the teams. He also remained undefeated in the solo class at 24 Hours of Canaan (and then Snowshoe) until his retirement in 2001.
* 1999 pioneered unsupported Divide Racing on the Great Divide Mountain Bike Route - 2,500 miles (4,000 km) and 200,000 feet (61,000 m) of climbing. His individual time trial of 18 days and 5 hours stood for 5 years until it was eclipsed in the inaugural Great Divide Race.
# Naitō

Naitō, Naito or Naitou (written: 内藤) is a Japanese name, also transliterated as Naitoh or Nightow. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arimasa Naitoh (内藤 在正), vice president of Lenovo's PC and Smart Devices business unit, known as the "Father of ThinkPad"
* Bill Naito (内藤 住郎, 1925–1996), American businessman, civic leader and philanthropist
* Daisuke Naito (内藤 大助, born 1974), Japanese professional boxer
* Kanako Naito (内藤 香菜子, 1980–2019), Japanese female volleyball player
* Kunio Naitō (内藤 國雄, born 1939), Japanese professional shogi player
* Naitō Genzaemon (内藤 源左衛門), Japanese samurai
* Naitō Ienaga (内藤 家長, 1546–1600), Japanese samurai
* Naitō Joan (内藤 如安, died 1626), Japanese samurai
* Naitō Kiyokazu (内藤 清枚, 1645–1714), Japanese daimyo
* Naitō Kiyonaga (内藤 清長, 1501–1564), Japanese samurai
* Masato Naito (内藤 真人, born 1980), Japanese hurler
* Masatoshi Naitō (内藤 正敏, born 1938), Japanese photographer
* Naitō Nobuatsu (内藤 信敦, 1777–1825), Japanese daimyo
* Naitō Nobuchika (内藤 信親, 1813–1874), Japanese daimyo
* Naitō Nobunari (内藤 信成, 1545–1612), Japanese samurai
* Ryō Naitō (内藤 玲, born 1974), Japanese voice actor
* Tachū Naitō (内藤 多仲, 1886–1970), Japanese architect, engineer, and professor
* Tadayuki Naitoh (内藤 忠行, born 1941), Japanese photographer
* Tetsuya Naito (内藤 哲也, born 1982), Japanese professional wrestler
* Naitō Torajirō (内藤 虎次郎, 1866–1934), Japanese historian
* Naitō Toyomasa (内藤 豊昌, 1773–1856), Japanese sculptor
* Yasuhiro Nightow (内藤 泰弘, born 1967), Japanese manga artist
* Yasuo Naito (内藤 靖雄, born 1942), Japanese racewalker
* Yohei Naito (内藤 洋平, born 1988), Japanese footballer
* Yuki Naito (内藤 祐希, born 2001), Japanese tennis player
# Nanga Linsum

Nanga Linsum is a settlement in Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 148.3 kilometres (92.1 mi) east of the state capital Kuching. Neighbouring settlements include:
* Bagumbang 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) southwes
* Jaloh 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) southwest
* Kerapa 7.6 kilometres (4.7 mi) south
* Langit 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) southwest
* Meroh 8.3 kilometres (5.2 mi) northwest
* Nanga Tiga 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) east
* Sungai Langit 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) west