# Carbonate chloride

The carbonate chlorides are double salts containing both carbonate and chloride anions. Quite a few minerals are known. Several artificial compounds have been made. Some complexes have both carbonate and chloride ligands. They are part of the family of halocarbonates. In turn these halocarbonates are a part of mixed anion materials.
The carbonate chlorides do not have a bond from chlorine to carbon, however "chlorocarbonate" has also been used to refer to the chloroformates which contain the group ClC(O)O-.

## Formation
### Natural

Scapolite is produced in nature by metasomatism, where hot high pressure water solutions of carbon dioxide and sodium chloride modify plagioclase.
Chloroartinite is found in Sorel cements exposed to air.

## Minerals

In 2016 27 chloride containing carbonate minerals were known.
| name | formula | crystal system | space group | unit cell | density | Optics refractive index | Raman spectrum | comments |
| Alexkhomyakovite | K$_6$(Ca$_2$Na)(CO$_3$)$_5$Cl∙6H$_2$O | hexagonal | P6$_3$/mcm | a=9.2691, c=15.8419, V=1178.72 Z = 2 | 2.25 | uniaxial (–), ω=1.543, ε=1.476 | | |
| Ashburtonite | HPb$_4$Cu$_4$(Si$_4$O$_{12}$)(HCO$_3$)$_4$(OH)$_4$Cl | | | | | | | |
| Balliranoite | (Na,K)$_6$Ca$_2$(Si$_6$Al$_6$O$_{24}$)Cl$_2$(CO$_3$) | hexagonal | P6$_3$ | a=12.695 c=5.325 V=743.2 Z=1 | 2.48 | uniaxial (+), ω=1.523, ε=1.525 | | |
| Barstowite | Pb$_4$(CO$_3$)Cl$_6$.H$_2$O | | | | | | | |
| Chlorartinite | Mg$_2$(CO$_3$)Cl(OH).3H$_2$O | | | | | | | |
| Chlormagaluminite | (Mg,Fe$^{2+}$)$_4$Al$_2$(OH)$_{12}$(Cl, 0.5 CO$_3$)$_2$·2H$_2$O | | 6/mmm | | 1.98-2.09 | ε=1.560 ω=1.540 | | |
| Davyne | | | | | | | | can substitute CO3 for SO4 |
| Decrespignyite-(Y) | Y$_4$Cu(CO$_3$)$_4$Cl(OH)$_5$·2H$_2$O | | | | | | V4 bending 694, 718 and 746; V2 bending 791, 815, 837 and 849;v3 antisymmetric stretching 1391, 1414, 1489, 1547; also OH stretching | light blue |
| Defernite | Ca$_3$CO$_3$(OH,Cl)$_4$.H$_2$O | | | | | | | |
| Hanksite | Na$_{22}$K(SO$_4$)$_9$(CO$_3$)$_2$Cl | hexagonal | P6$_3$/m | a = 10.46 Å c = 21.19 Å; Z = 2 | | | | |
| iowaite | Mg$_6$Fe$_2$(Cl,(CO$_3$)$_{0.5}$)(OH)$_{16}$·4H$_2$O | | | | | | | |
| Kampfite | Ba$_{12}$(Si$_{11}$Al$_5$)O$_{31}$(CO$_3$)$_8$Cl$_5$ | monoclinic | Cc | a = 31.2329, b=5.2398, c=9.0966 β = 106.933° | | uniaxial (–), n$_ω$ = 1.642 n$_ε$ = 1.594 | | |
| Marialite | Na$_4$(AlSi$_3$O$_8$)$_3$(Cl$_2$,CO$_3$,SO$_4$) | | | | | | | |
| Mineevite-(Y) | Na$_{25}$BaY$_2$(CO$_3$)$_{11}$(HCO$_3$)$_4$(SO$_4$)$_2$F$_2$Cl | | | | | | | |
| Northupite | Na$_3$Mg(CO$_3$)$_2$Cl | octahedral | Fd3 | Z=16 | | 1.514 | v4 bending 714; v3 antisymmetric stretching 1554 | |
| Phosgenite | Pb$_2$CO$_3$Cl$_2$ | tetragonal | | a=8.15 c=8.87 | | | | |
| Reederite-(Y) | Na15Y2(CO3)9(SO3F)Cl | | | | | | | |
| Sakhaite (with Harkerite) | Ca$_{48}$Mg$_{16}$Al(SiO$_3$OH)$_4$(CO$_3$)$_{16}$(BO$_3$)$_{28}$·(H$_2$O)$_3$(HCl)$_3$or Ca$_{12}$Mg$_4$(BO$_3$)$_7$(CO$_3$)$_4$Cl(OH)$_2$·H$_2$O | | | | | | | |
| Scapolite | Ca$_3$Na$_5$[Al$_8$Si$_{16}$O$_{48}$]Cl(CO$_3$) | | P4$_2$/n | a=12.07899 c=7.583467 V=1106.443 | | | | |
| Tatarskite | Ca$_6$Mg$_2$(SO$_4$)$_2$(CO$_3$)$_2$(OH)$_4$Cl$_4$•7H$_2$O | orthorhombic | | | | Biaxial (-) nα = 1.567 nβ = 1.654 nγ = 1.722 | | |
| Tunisite | NaCa$_2$Al$_4$(CO$_3$)$_4$Cl(OH)$_8$ | tetragonal | P4/nmm | a=11.198 c=6.5637 Z=2 | | | | |
| Vasilyevite | (Hg$_2$)$_{10}$O$_6$I$_3$Br$_2$Cl(CO$_3$) | | P1 overbar | a 9.344, b 10.653, c 18.265, α=93.262 β=90.548 γ=115.422° V=1638.3 Z=2 | 9.57 | | | |

## Artificial

| name | formula | | crystal system | space group | unit cell in Å | density | comment |
| | K$_5$Na$_2$Cu$_{24}$(CO$_3$)$_{16}$Cl$_3$(OH)$_{20}$•12H$_2$O | | cubic | F23 | a=15.463 V=3697.5 Z=2 | 3.044 | dark blue |
| | Y$_8$O(OH)$_{15}$(CO$_3$)$_3$Cl | 1197.88 | hexagonal | P6$_3$ | a=9.5089 c=14.6730 Z=2 V=1148.97 | 3.462 | |
| | Lu$_8$O(OH)$_{15}$(CO$_3$)$_3$Cl | 1886.32 | hexagonal | P6$_3$ | a=9.354 c=14.415 V=1092.3 Z=2 | 5.689 | colourless |
| | Y$_3$(OH)$_6$(CO$_3$)Cl | | cubic | Im3m | a=12.66 V=2032 Z=8 | 3.035 | colourless |
| | Dy$_3$(OH)$_6$(CO$_3$)Cl | | cubic | Im3 | a=12.4754 V=1941.6 Z=8 | 4.687 | colourless |
| | Er$_3$(OH)$_6$(CO$_3$)Cl | | cubic | Im3m | a=12.4127 V=1912.5 Z=8 | 4.857 | pink |
| | K{Mg(H$_2$O)$_6$}$_2$[Ru$_2$(CO$_3$)$_4$Cl$_2$]·4H$_2$O | 889.06 | monoclinic | P2$_1$/c | a=11.6399 b=11.7048 c=11.8493 β=119.060 V=1411.6 Z=2 | 2.092 | red-brown |
| | K$_2$[{Mg(H$_2$O)$_4$}2Ru$_2$(CO$_3$)$_4$(H$_2$O)Cl]Cl$_2$·2H$_2$O | 880.58 | orthorhombic | Fmm2 | a=14.392 b=15.699 c=10.741 V=2426.8 Z=4 | 2.391 | dark brown |
| trisodium cobalt dicarbonate chloride | Na$_3$Co(CO$_3$)$_2$Cl | | cubic | Fd3 | a=13.9959 Z=16 | 2.75 | spin-frustrated antiferromagnetic |
| trisodium manganese dicarbonate chloride | Na$_3$Mn(CO$_3$)$_2$Cl | | cubic | | a=14.163 | | brown |
| di-magnesium hexahydrate trihydrogencarbonate chloride | Mg$_2$(H$_2$O)$_6$(HCO$_3$)$_3$Cl | | | R3c | a=8.22215 c=39.5044 V=2312.85 Z=6 | 1.61 | decompose 125 °C |
| tripotassium tricalcium selenite tricarbonate chloride | K$_3$Ca$_3$(SeO$_3$)(CO$_3$)$_3$Cl | 579.97 | hexagonal | P6$_3$ | a=10.543 c=7.060 V=706.0 Z=2 | 2.991 | |
| | LiBa$_9$[Si$_{10}$O$_{25}$]Cl$_7$(CO$_3$) | | | | Z=2 | 3.85 | layer silicate |
| | Ba$_3$Cl$_4$CO$_3$ | | orthorhombic | Pnma | a=8.407, b=9.589, c=12.483 Z=4 | | |

## Complexes

The "lanthaballs" are lanthanoid atom clusters held together by carbonate and other ligands. They can form chlorides. Examples are [La$_{13}$(ccnm)$_6$(CO$_3$)$_{14}$(H$_2$O)$_6$(phen)$_{18}$] Cl$_3$(CO$_3$)·25H$_2$O where ccnm is carbamoylcyanonitrosomethanide and phen is 1,10-phenanthroline. Praseodymium (Pr) or cerium (Ce) can substitute for lanthanum (La). Other lanthanide cluster compounds include :(H$_3$O)$_6$[Dy$_{76}$O$_{10}$(OH)$_{138}$(OAc)$_{20}$(L)$_{44}$(H$_2$O)$_{34}$]•2CO$_3$•4 Cl$_2$•L•2OAc (nicknamed Dy$_{76}$) and (H$_3$O)$_6$[Dy$_{48}$O$_6$(OH)$_{84}$(OAc)$_4$(L)$_{15}$(hmp)$_{18}$(H$_2$O)$_{20}$]•CO$_3$•14Cl•2H$_2$O (termed Dy$_{48}$-T) with OAc=acetate, and L=3-furancarboxylate and Hhmp=2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid.
Platinum can form complexes with carbonate and chloride ligands, in addition to an amino acid. Examples include the platinum compound [Pt(gluH)Cl(CO$_3$)]$_2$.2H$_2$O gluH=glutamic acid, and Na[Pt(gln)Cl$_2$(CO$_3$)].H$_2$O gln=glutamine. Rhodium complexes include Rh$_2$(bipy)$_2$(CO$_3$)$_2$Cl (bipy=bipyridine)