OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Josephine, Alabama

Josephine is an unincorporated community in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States.

## History

The community is named for Josephine Ross, who was the daughter of the first postmaster. A post office operated under the name Josephine from 1881 to 1959.
Raphael Semmes, who served as the captain of the commerce raider CSS Alabama during the Civil War, had a summer home in Josephine. In 1898, the McPherson family bought the Semmes property. They operated the Mexiwana Hotel on the site of the Semmes home until 1935. A school, which served grades 1–6, operated in Josephine from 1903 to 1917. The community was also home to a bakery before it moved to Foley.
A small sand mound, built by Native Americans who lived in the area, is located near the site of the former Josephine post office. Bamahenge, a full-scale fiberglass replica of Stonehenge, is located on the grounds of Barber Marina outside of Josephine.
# Charlotte Township, Livingston County, Illinois

Charlotte Township is located in Livingston County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 136 and it contained 67 housing units.

## History

Charlotte Township was created from Saunemin Township in 1865.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 30.12 square miles (78.0 km$^2$), of which 30.08 square miles (77.9 km$^2$) (or 99.87%) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km$^2$) (or 0.13%) is water.
# G̃ (disambiguation)

G̃ or g̃ is the letter G with a tilde.
G̃ or g̃ may also mean:
* g̃, a gluino
* G̃, a gravitino
# Böttger

Böttger, Boettger, or Bottger is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adolf Böttger (1815–1870), German translator and poet
* Caesar Rudolf Boettger (1888–1976), German malacologist
* Fritz Böttger (1902–1981), German actor and director
* Gavin Bottger (born 2007), American skateboarder
* Ike Boettger (born 1994), American football player
* Johann Friedrich Böttger (1682–1719), German alchemist
* Nancy Boettger (born 1943), Iowa Republican State Senator
* Matthias Böttger (born 1974), German architect and curator
* Oskar Boettger (1844–1910), German zoologist
* Rudolf Christian Böttger (1806–1881), German chemist
* Thomas Böttger (born 1957), German composer and pianist
# Burson

Burson may refer to:
* Burson, California
* Charles Burson, Chief of Staff to the Vice President Al Gore
* Clare Burson, American singer-songwriter
* Colette Burson, American screenwriter
* Greg Burson, (1949-2008), American voice actor
* Harold Burson, co-founder of public relations and communications firm Burson-Marsteller
* Jay Burson, American basketball player
* Jimmy Burson (1940-2022), American football player
* Nancy Burson (1948- ), American artist
# Burslem Park

Burslem Park is a public park in Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England, operated by Stoke-on-Trent City Council. It was opened in 1894, and is essentially unchanged from the original layout. It is listed Grade II* in Historic England's Register of Parks and Gardens.
The park received a Green Flag Award in July 2023.

## History

The park, created on derelict industrial land, was designed by Thomas H. Mawson. Mawson had begun his career as a landscape architect designing gardens for country houses. He went on to design a number of public parks including Hanley Park. Work started in 1893; a great quantity of soil was brought to the site to lay out the park. It was opened on 30 August 1894.
A programme of restoration began in 2005 and was completed in 2012.

## Description

The area of the park is 9 hectares (22 acres). There is a network of informal paths, with a tree-lined central grass area. On the west is an informal lake. On rising land at the northern end, on a former spoil heap, is an extensive rockery constructed of Pulhamite, through which runs an ornamental cascade.
On the eastern side of the park is the Terrace, along the edge of which is a formal terracotta balustrade. Steps lead up to either side of the bandstand; this is a cast iron structure erected in 2008, replacing the original wooden bandstand destroyed by fire in 2005. A pavilion, in Tudor Revival style, stands on the eastern edge of the terrace. Between the bandstand and the pavilion, on either side of the central axis, are two terracotta circular basins with simple fountains.
# Olaf Mertelsmann

Olaf Mertelsmann (born 15 January 1969) is a German historian and a professor at the University of Tartu. Dr. Mertelsmann's primary interest is the history of the Soviet Union, with concentration on post-war period. He has been living in Estonia since 1994.

## Publications

* Die Sowjetisierung des estnischen Alltags während des Stalinismus. in: Norbert Angermann et al.: Ostseeprovinzen, Baltische Staaten und das Nationale, LIT Verlag, Münster 2005 ISBN 3-8258-9086-4.
# Blue willow beetle

The blue willow beetle (Phratora vulgatissima), formerly Phyllodecta vulgatissima, is a herbivourous beetle of the family Chrysomelidae. It is dark with a metallic sheen that ranges from a blue color to bronze. It is distinguished from P. vitellinae by the latter more commonly displaying bronze coloration. European Phratora species can be distinguished based on morphology of female genitalia. The larvae undergo three instar stages from hatching to pupation. This beetle is found throughout Europe and Scandinavia, and occurs in China.

## Ecology

The blue willow beetle is found on willow (Salix) species, whose leaves contain low levels of salicylates in fens, carrs and on river banks, but also often in willow short rotation coppice and other agricultural landscapes. It often aggregates on host plants. On Salix cinerea, it prefers and is more common on female than male trees despite higher egg predation exerted by the common flowerbug Anthocoris nemorum on female trees. It is univoltine in Sweden but can produce multiple generations per year in other parts of its distribution range. Proliferation of larvae and egg production varies with vegetation. It overwinters under lichens on trees and under tree bark. Predators of blue willow beetle eggs include A. nemorum and Orthotylus marginalis. Larval predators include A. nemorum, the bug Rhacognathus punctatus, a syrphid fly (possibly Parasyrphus nigritarsis) and the wasp Symmorphus bifasciatus. Adult beetles are parasitized by the wasp Perilitus brevicollis and consumed by R. punctatus.

## As a pest

In Europe, the blue willow beetle can become a severe herbivore pest on willows. For plantations of common osier (Salix viminalis), herbivory reducing biomass production by up to 40% has been estimated. It is susceptible to Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis and also Spinosad when treatment is applied to affected plants.
# Bisi Egbeyemi

Otunba Bisi Egbeyemi (8 May 1944 – 18 March 2023) was a Nigerian lawyer and politician who served as deputy governor of Ekiti State from 2018 to 2022.

## Education

Bisi Egbeyemi attended St. Saviour's Primary School, Ado-Ekiti and Holy Trinity Anglican School Ilawe-Ekiti (1958) and Baptist School, Ado-Ekiti (1959). He later attended Harding Memorial Secondary Modern School where he obtained his Modern School Certificate in 1962.
Egbeyemi studied privately while a laboratory assistant at Ekiti Parapo College, Ido-Ekiti, 1965, and when he was a bursar at Notre Dame Grammar School Usi-Ekiti from 1969 to 1972 during which he passed his West Africa School Certificate Examination as a private student and both G.C.E. 'O'Level and Advanced Level Examinations. He later attended the University of Lagos College of Education where he read Biology and Physical Education and passed with Distinction in Physical Education. He read law at the University of Ife (Now Obafemi Awolowo University) from 1977 to 1980 and was at the Nigerian Law School Victoria Island, Lagos between 1980 and 1981 where he obtained his Barrister at Law Certificate and was called to the Bar in 1981 as a Solicitor and Advocate of the Supreme Court of Nigeria.

## Career

Early in his career as a leader, Bisi Egbeyemi was President of the Law Students Association, University of Ife in 1978–1979 session. He was appointed the Commissioner for Justice and Attorney General in Ekiti State (2002–2003) and was President of the Physical Education Students Association of the University of Lagos College of Education, Akoka Lagos (1974–1975). He was the Director of Owena Motels in Ondo State and the Director of Odua Investment Company Limited between 2010 and 2014. He contested alongside Governor Kayode Fayemi in the Ekiti Governor election in 2017 under the All Progressive Congress and they won the election. The decision of Kayode Fayemi to name him as his Deputy was met with criticism as many thought he lobbied for it. He however stated that his party chose him because they feel if his name is mentioned in Ado Ekiti and in Ekiti as a whole that people will support him. On 17 July 2020, he debunked an impeachment rumor after some news agency reported that he was going to be impeached by the Governor. He described the rumor as tissues of lies and wicked falsehood against innocent people.

## Deputy Governor of Ekiti State

Kayode Fayemi picked Bisi Egbeyemi as his running mate for the 2018 Ekiti State governorship election under the APC and on Sunday, 15 July 2018, Kayode Fayemi and Bisi Egbeyemi were declared the winner of the Ekiti State Governorship election. They recorded 197,459 votes to win the PDP who got 178,121. He was sworn in as the deputy governor of Ekiti State on 16 October 2018 in Ado-Ekiti, the Ekiti State Capital.
# Gulmi (disambiguation)

Gulmi is a district in Nepal.
Gulmi may also refer to:

## Places

* Gaudakot, Gulmi, a village and municipality in Gulmi District.
* Rupakot Gulmi, a village in Gulmi District.
* Musikot, Gulmi, an urban municipality in Gulmi District.
* Gulmi Tamghas, a headquarter of Gulmi District.
# James Blundell (album)

James Blundell is the debut studio album by Australian recording artist James Blundell, released in 1989 by EMI. The album peaked at number 68 on the ARIA Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "Cloncurry Cattle Song" and "Kimberly Moon" which won Blundell the Male Vocalist of the Year award at the Country Music Awards of Australia in 1989 and 1990.

## Charts

| Chart (1989) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 68 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Edition(s) | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | 1989 | CD cassette vinyl | Standard | EMI | 791816 |
# Greenwood, Laurens and Spartanburg Railroad

The Greenwood, Laurens and Spartanburg Railroad was a South Carolina railroad company begun after Reconstruction.
The Greenwood, Laurens and Spartanburg was chartered by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1880.
In 1884 the Central Railroad of Georgia purchased the Greenwood, Laurens and Spartanburg prior to the route being completed.
In 1886, the line was merged under the Port Royal and Western Carolina Railway name through a consolidation of the Augusta and Knoxville Railroad, the Savannah Valley Railroad and the Greenville and Laurens Railroad, which then joined with Port Royal and Augusta Railway.
The Port Royal and Western Carolina, and Port Royal and Augusta were operated as part of the Central of Georgia Railroad line until the S.C. General Assembly forced the railroad to give up the lines. The Charleston and Western Carolina Railway was formed in 1896 to operate the pair.
The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad took over the Charleston and Western Carolina in 1897.
# Hò khoan

Hò khoan Lệ Thủy, the "ho! row!" song of Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, is a Vietnamese folk music song style.
The term hò can be translated "heave-ho!" and is a generic call in labouring songs, khoan means to row. The refrain "khoan khoan hò khoan!" ("row-row! ho! row!") references rowing. The song is characterized both by its antiphonal nature, with alternating groups of female and male singers issuing musical challenges and responses, and by the fact that most of the songs in the repertoire deal with topics of love and sentimentality as experienced by young adult.
Hò khoan Lệ Thủy originated from Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province, North Central Coast, Vietnam. Local residents used to sing hò khoan when they worked in groups so that it would help them eliminate tiredness and speed up the productivity. Nowadays, hò khoan is sung mainly in local festivals and the original labouring songs have faded away. The San Francisco-based tenor Nguyẽ̂n Thành Vân released a CD Hò khoan Lệ Thủy - River Song in 1997.
The first lines of a well-known version of Hò Khoan Lệ Thủy begin:
    (Nữ) Hò khoan (hơ) hời khoan (hơ) mời bạn xô (hơ) hô khoan
    (Xô) Ơ là hô!
    (Nữ) Thiếp gặp chàng dạ mừng hớn hở
    Chàng gặp thiếp như mà hoa nở trên (hơ) bồn
This translates as:
    (Female solo) Heave-ho, please join in the singing
    (Chorus) Heave-ho
    (Female solo) When I met you I was full of joy
    When you met me, you felt like a flower blossoming
# Virtual Girl

Virtual Girl is a science fiction novel by Amy Thomson published in 1993 by Ace Books, about a robot illegally built with artificial intelligence. The author won the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer with the book.
# Morley Gunderson

Morley K Gunderson, FRSC is a Canadian labour economist and professor emeritus at the Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario. He is the inaugural holder of the CIBC Chair in Youth Employment at University of Toronto. In honour of his tenure as director of the Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources from 1985-1997, the Morley Gunderson Prize was established. He is known for his contributions to understanding the effects of minimum wages, youth employment, and gender discrimination in the labour market.
He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1967 from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, a Masters of Arts degree in 1970 and a Ph.D. in 1971, both from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He has been a visiting scholar at Stanford University and the International Institute for Labour Research in Geneva, Switzerland.
For his contributions to scholarship, Gunderson has been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, was the first Canadian to be elected as a Fellow of the Labor and Employment Relations Association. Every year the Morley Gunderson Lecture in Labour Economics & Industrial Relations is held, jointly sponsored by the Centre for Industrial Relations & Human Resources, the Department of Economics, and Woodsworth College, Toronto all at the University of Toronto. In 2003 he was awarded the Gérard Dion Award for Outstanding Contributions to the Field of Industrial Relations and in 2015 he was given the Carolyn Tuohy Impact on Public Policy Award.
# HMCS Saskatoon

Several Canadian naval units have been named HMCS Saskatoon after the city;
* HMCS Saskatoon (K158) was a Flower-class corvette commissioned in 1941 and served until 1945 as a convoy escort.
* HMCS Saskatoon (MM 709) is a Kingston-class coastal defence vessel that is currently in service. She was commissioned in 1998.

## Battle honours

Atlantic 1942-45

## Badge

Vert a lion passant guardant crowned with a naval coronet Or sails Argent and grasping in the dexter paw a Saskatoon bush irradiated and fructed proper leaved Or.

### Significance

The gold lion is taken from the symbol used by the City of Saskatoon. The lion wears a naval coronet, and grasps a Saskatoon bush thereby making reference to the name of the City.

## Motto

FORTIS CEU LEO FIDUS (Brave as a faithful lion)
# James Colleton

James Colleton (d. c. 1706) was a governor of the English proprietary Province of Carolina from 1686 to 1690.

## Biography

Son of Sir John Colleton, one of the colony's founders, he took over some of the family's landholdings in Barbados before being appointed governor by the colony's proprietors. Upon his arrival in the colony he put a stop to a planned expedition against Spanish St. Augustine, organized in retaliation for an earlier attack against Charles Town. Since England and Spain were then at peace, the proprietors approved his action, much to the annoyance of the local leaders. He further angered the colonists by maintaining the government according to the colony's Fundamental Constitutions in the face of popular opposition.
In 1687 the Lords Proprietors wrote to Colleton, angry that a member of his Grand Council had been abetting pirates. John Boone had been removed from the Council for smuggling supplies to Henry Holloway and a pirate named Chapman, and helping hide their loot. The Proprietors excoriated Colleton when Boone was allowed back on the Council: "This must not be. Men convicted of such misdemeanours must not be chosen again and restored. ... We are sorry to see the proneness of the Parliament of Carolina to such proceedings, and hope that they will not occur again."
By 1690 Colleton and the provincial assembly were at loggerheads, and Colleton attempted to rule without the assembly. This resulted in open resistance to his rule, prompting him to declare martial law, although he quickly retracted this when he could not even control the militia. He was turned out of office by the arrival in 1690 of Seth Sothel, one of the proprietors.
Colleton was the Speaker of the House of Assembly of Barbados from 1700 to 1701.
# Olaf Mørch Hansson

Olaf Mørch Hansson (28 July 1856 – 22 February 1912) was a Norwegian actor and theatre director, journalist and newspaper editor. He was married to Thora Hansson from 1880 to 1896, and then to Agnethe Schibsted-Hansson from 1896 to 1912.

## Biography

Olaf Mørch Hansson was born in Eiker (now Øvre Eiker), in Buskerud county, Norway. After a year at Drammen scholars school and one year at Trondheim Technical Learning Institution he had finished his schooling.
He made his stage debut in 1877 at Den Nationale Scene in Bergen. He worked at Christiania Theater from 1878 to 1883, and edited the newspaper Norske Intelligensseddeler from 1883 to 1886. He served as theatre director of Den Nationale Scene for two periods, from 1895 to 1899, and from 1908 to 1909. From 1886 to 1893, he was an actor and director at the Christiania Theater, then head of the Carl Johan Theater for two years. Periodically, he played in Olaus Olsen's theatre company and visited with his wife at the Centralteatret and Fahlstrøm Theater operated by Johan Peter Broust Fahlstrøm (1867–1938).
As an actor and director, he contributed greatly to shaping the modern Norwegian theater. Hansson was a promoter of naturalism on the stage. He created the acceptance of colloquially as the stage language and built a very realistic and lifelike appearance in his stage settings. Besides his journalistic activities, Olaf Hansson wrote two plays, Repræsentanten fra Kongsvinger and (along with Bjorn Bjornson) Moppy and Poppy. He wrote his autobiography Oplevelser og Humoresker in 1912.
# Blue world

Blue world may refer to:
* "Blue World" (Mac Miller song), 2020
* "Blue World" (Super Junior song), 2013
* "Blue World" (The Moody Blues song), 1983
* The Blue World, 1966 SF novel by Jack Vance
* Jonathan Bird's Blue World, underwater kids' educational TV show
* Endless Ocean 2: Adventures of the Deep, 2007 Wii video game released as Endless Ocean: Blue World in North America
* Blue World (album), a 2019 album of 1964 John Coltrane recordings
# Cabinet of José Miguel de Velasco

Cabinet of José Miguel de Velasco is the name of any of four cabinets in the Bolivian Republic led by José Miguel de Velasco:
* Cabinet of José Miguel de Velasco I (1828)
* Cabinet of José Miguel de Velasco II (1829)
* Cabinet of José Miguel de Velasco III (1839–1841)
* Cabinet of José Miguel de Velasco IV (1848)
# Jonathan Larson Performing Arts Foundation

The Jonathan Larson Performing Arts Foundation was a foundation started in 1997 by the family and friends of Jonathan Larson, composer of the musical Rent. From 1997 to 2008, the foundation awarded grants to musical theatre composers, lyricists and book writers. Following the 2008 grants, the program was shifted to the American Theatre Wing, where it continues as the Jonathan Larson Grants.
# Gunnar Olsson (actor)

Gunnar Olsson (10 July 1904 – 16 September 1983) was a Swedish film actor and director. He was born in Oxelösund, Sweden.

## Partial filmography
### Actor

* En melodi om våren (1933) - Delling
* Perhaps a Poet (1933) - Viding
* Tystnadens hus (1933) - Count von Elbing
* The Atlantic Adventure (1934) - Bob Holgert, Machinist
* Marodörer (1934) - Räven
* Järnets män (1935) - Engineer (uncredited)
* Flickor på fabrik (1935) - Erik Löfstedt
* Alla tiders Karlsson (1936) - Film Director
* Bombi Bitt och jag (1936) - Nils Gallilé
* The Two of Us (1939) - Bogren (uncredited)
* ...som en tjuv om natten (1940) - Gren
* Hanna in Society (1940) - Sundin (uncredited)
* Lucky Young Lady (1941) - Salesman
* The Case of Ingegerd Bremssen (1942) - Nilsson
* Blizzard (1944) - Kristoffer
* The Old Clock at Ronneberga (1944) - Clock salesman
* The Happy Tailor (1945) - Parish constable (uncredited)
* Harald the Stalwart (1946) - Bosse
* Vagabond Blacksmiths (1949) - Lind
* The Girl from the Third Row (1949) - Lilja, Jeweller
* Bohus Battalion (1949) - Sebastian Tonérus
* Skipper in Stormy Weather (1951) - Birger Birgersson
* Summer Interlude (1951) - The Priest
* Vägen till Klockrike (1953) - Ahlbom, cigar maker
* Stupid Bom (1953) - Julius, gardener
* Seger i mörker (1954) - Anders Persson
* Young Summer (1954) - Cantor
* Laugh Bomb (1954) - Professor Planius
* Gabrielle (1954) - Engkvist (uncredited)
* Voyage in the Night (1955) - Johan - Britt-Marie's Father
* The Seventh Seal (1957) - Albertus Pictor, Church Painter
* Gårdarna runt sjön (1957) - Gardener
* Som man bäddar... (1957) - Professor
* No Tomorrow (1957) - Toivo Hietari
* Wild Strawberries (1957) - Bishop (uncredited)
* Woman in a Fur Coat (1958) - Forensic Chemist
* The Jazz Boy (1958) - Paul Merzbach, filmregissören
* Pirates on the Malonen (1959) - Karl Scholke
* A Lion in Town (1959) - Pawn Broker
* On a Bench in a Park (1960) - Vicar (uncredited)
* The Mistress (1962) - The Old Man (uncredited)
* Adamsson i Sverige (1966) - Persson
* Deadline (1971) - Kent-Arne's Father
* Gangsterfilmen (1974) - Karl

### Director

* The People of Bergslagen (1937)
* We at Solglantan (1939)
* Lasse-Maja (1941)
* Adventurer (1942)
* Turn of the Century (1944)
* Skipper in Stormy Weather (1951)
# Charles-Arthur Gonse

Major General Charles-Arthur Gonse (19 September 1838, Paris – 18 December 1917, Cormeilles-en-Parisis), was Deputy Chief of Staff under the authority of General Raoul Le Mouton de Boisdeffre during the Dreyfus affair.
When confronted with overwhelming evidence that Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy was guilty of the espionage for which Alfred Dreyfus had wrongfully been convicted, Gonse simply overlooked it and refused to recognize Dreyfus' innocence.
* This biographical article related to the French military is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# NEXI

NEXI or Nexi may refer to:
* Nexi, an Italian bank
* Nippon Export and Investment Insurance, an incorporated administrative agency of the Japanese government that provides trade and investment insurance services
* Nexi (robot), a mobile humanoid robot created by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
# Hòa Bình, Bạc Liêu

Hòa Bình is a township (Thị trấn) and town and capital of Hòa Bình District, Bạc Liêu Province, in south-western Vietnam.