OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cowley Beach Training Area

The Cowley Beach Training Area (CBTA) is a military installation in Cowley Beach near Innisfail, Queensland, Australia. Military exercises are conducted there.

## History

The base was established in 1962, as the home for the Joint Tropical Research Unit (JTRU).
The training area is approximately 5,000 hectares (12,000 acres) in size, including Lindquist Island (approximately 1 km offshore) and is located 90 km south of Cairns.
# Craig tube

A Craig tube is an item of apparatus used in small-scale (up to about 100 mg) preparative and analytical chemistry, particularly for recrystallisation. It was invented by Lyman C. Craig and Otto W. Post.
A Craig tube consists of two parts. The first is a stout-walled test tube with a working volume of about 1-5 ml (say, 7-8 cm in length and 1-1.5 cm in diameter). There is a constriction towards the open end of the tube. The second is a loosely-fitting generally-cylindrical stopper, possibly with a teardrop-shaped head, of glass or of another inert material such as PTFE, which seats on the constriction.
Recrystallisation is carried out in the usual manner, by dissolving the solid to be purified in a solvent and causing crystals of the solid to form. The stopper can be used to protect the solution from atmospheric contamination. The crystals are separated from the mother liquor by placing the tube and stopper – inverted – in a centrifuge tube, followed by centrifugation. The stopper allows the mother liquor to pass into the centrifuge tube but retains the crystals, which can subsequently be recrystallised again or collected.
The apparatus has the advantages that the crystallised product is relatively dry, is free from contamination by fibres from filter paper, and can be recovered more efficiently than from a sinter funnel.
Craig tubes can be made by competent glassblowers, and are also available commercially.
# Hoyts Pond (Massachusetts)

Hoyts Pond is a 16-acre (65,000 m$^2$) pond in the southern part of South Pond village in Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States, within the Eel River watershed, southeast of Boot Pond, southwest of Island Pond, and northeast of Myles Standish State Forest. The inflow is Gunners Exchange Pond, which is connected to Hoyts Pond.
# Oued Djenane

Oued Djenane is a village in the Boumerdès Province in Kabylie, Algeria.

## Location

The village is surrounded by Isser River and the town of Beni Amrane in the Khachna mountain range.
# Christian Thomsen

Christian Thomsen may refer to:
* Christian Braad Thomsen [da] (1940–), Danish film director and author
* Christian Jürgensen Thomsen (1788–1865), Danish antiquarian
* Christian Thomsen (sculptor) (1860–1921), Danish sculptor
* Christian Lind Thomsen (born 1985), Danish badminton player
# Craniosynostosis-Dandy-Walker malformation-hydrocephalus syndrome

Craniosynostosis-Dandy-Walker malformation-hydrocephalus syndrome (HCDPH1, also known as Sagittal craniosynostosis, Dandy-Walker malformation and hydrocephalus, Dandy-Walker malformation with sagittal craniosynostosis and hydrocephalus, Braddock-Jones-Superneau syndrome, or simply Hydrocephalus, autosomal dominant) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by sagittal craniosynostosis (scaphocephaly), Dandy-Walker malformation, hydrocephalus, and craniofacial dysmorphisms including hypertelorism, micrognathia, and positional ear deformities.

## Signs and symptoms

Features of this condition include:
* Musculoskeletal system: Dandy-Walker syndrome, sagittal craniosynostosis
* Nervous system: cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, hydrocephalus, posterior fossa cyst

## History

The first four cases (a mother, her two sons, and an unrelated boy) were reported in 1993. The condition was dubbed "Jones Syndrome" later that year but this term is not widely used as another condition is also known by this name. In 2010, another family of Moroccan-Jewish origin were reported to have the syndrome, and it was noted that the posterior fossa anomalies were most likely responsible for the development of hydrocephalus.

## Causes

The condition is caused by mutations on chromosome 8. The condition is mostly autosomal dominant but X-linked inheritance has also been suggested.
# Craniospermum

Craniospermum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, native to Kazakhstan, the Altai, Siberia (Buryatiya, Irkutsk, Tuva), Mongolia, and Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia in China. They are tuft-forming biennial or perennial herbs, and are generally highly endemic, thought to be relicts of the hypothesized ancient Mediterranean flora.

## Species

Currently accepted species include:
* Craniospermum canescens DC.
* Craniospermum desertorum Ovczinnikova & A.Korolyuk
* Craniospermum mongolicum I.M.Johnst.
* Craniospermum pseudotuvinicum Ovczinnikova & A.Korolyuk
* Craniospermum subfloccosum Krylov
* Craniospermum subvillosum Lehm.
* Craniospermum tuvinicum Ovczinnikova
# Carl Stearns Clancy

Carl Stearns Clancy (8 August 1890 – January 1971) was an American long-distance motorcycle rider, film director and producer. He is credited with being the first person to circumnavigate the world on a motorcycle.

## Life

Clancy was born in New Hampshire in 1890, the son of Alice Clancy from Massachusetts, and William Clancy, a 55-year-old Irishman. He became an advertising copy writer.
In early October 1912, along with his biking partner, Walter Rendell Storey, he sailed from New York to Dublin, via Liverpool. His bike was a 934 cc 7-horsepower (5.2 kW) 1912 Henderson Four motorcycle. The editor of The Irish Cyclist, Richard J. Mecredy (the inventor of bicycle polo) gave them road maps and helped them plot their route in Ireland. After covering the northern part of the country, they both got the ferry to Glasgow. Storey returned home from Paris, while Clancy continued his circumnavigation of the globe until August 1913. During the trip he rode 18,000 miles in Europe, Africa, Asia and North America.
Clancy helped finance his trip by submitting details of his epic journey to Bicycling World and Motorcycle Review, a New York-based weekly magazine.
Clancy produced or directed a number of Will Rogers movies starting with The Headless Horseman in 1922. In his later life, he moved to Virginia and made documentaries for the United States Forest Service.
   One must die sometime and to die with one's boots on is very noble.
   The longest, most difficult, and most perilous motorcycle journey ever attempted.

## Centenary commemorative circumnavigation

After reading the 2010 book Motorcycle Adventurer by Dr. Gregory W. Frazier, two serious Irish adventurers decided to organize a global re-enactment of the Clancy record setting ride around the world. Feargal O’Neill and his colleague Joe Walsh, in conjunction with the motorcycle traveller's website Horizons Unlimited, in 2011 announced the Clancy Centenary Ride for 2012–2013. According to O'Neill, "I feel that there is a duty on us modern-day motorcyclists to do our bit to honour the memory of this great pioneer of our sport."
In 2013, Geoff Hill and Gary Walker recreated Clancy's ride, joined by Gregory W. Frazier and Richard Livermore for the North American transcontinental portion. Their travels were serialized by Hill in The Irish Times, and blogged on an Australian sponsor's website, and the American portion by Frazier in Motorcycle USA. Hill's travelogue In Clancy's Boots was published in 2013.
# Johann Stieglitz

Johann Stieglitz, born as Israel Stieglitz (10 March 1767, Arolsen – 31 October 1840, Hanover) was a German physician. He was the brother of banker Ludwig von Stieglitz (1779-1843) and uncle to poet Heinrich Wilhelm Stieglitz (1801-1849).
Initially a philosophy student in Berlin, he later studied medicine at the University of Göttingen. In 1789 he moved to Hanover as a physician, successively serving as Hofmedikus (from 1802, court physician), Leibmedikus (from 1806), Hofrat (from 1820, councillor) and Obermedizinalrat and director of Hanover medical colleges (1832).
Known for his criticism of perceived "heresies of medicine", he was a vigorous opponent of speculative medical theories that included mesmerism and the Brunonian system. The following are a list of his principal published works:
* Versuch einer Prüfung und Verbesserung der jetzt gewöhnlichen Behandlungsart des Scharlachfiebers, 1807 - Essay on how to improve the testing and treatment of scarlet fever.
* Ueber den thierischen Magnetismus, 1814 - About animal magnetism.
* Pathologische Untersuchungen, 1832 - Pathological studies.
* Ueber die Homöopathie, 1835 - In regards to homeopathy.
# Muscatatuck Urban Training Center

Muscatatuck Urban Training Center (MUTC) is a 1,000 acre urban training facility located near Butlerville, Indiana. MUTC is used to train civilian first responders, Foreign Service Institute, joint civilian/military response operations, and military urban warfare. It is also home to the Ivy Tech Cyber Academy which offers an accelerated Cyber Security/Information Assurance Associate of Applied Science degree from Ivy Tech Community College – Columbus in an 11-month, 60 credit hour program. In addition, it is home to cyberwarfare training environments. The center features more than 120 training structures and over 1 mile of searchable tunnels. A clock tower used as a rappel tower has all four clock faces set to 9:11.

## History

The Muscatatuck Urban Training Center is located on the grounds of the former Muscatatuck State Developmental Center (MSDC). MSDC was created in 1920 as the Indiana Farm Colony for the Feeble-Minded. It became one of Indiana's largest mental institutions approximately 3,000 patients and around 2,000 employees. From 1920 through 2005, MSDC housed many of Indiana's challenged citizens and was once the largest employer in Jennings County. In 1997, Indiana lawmakers passed a plan to reorganize the state's health plan. Modern antipsychotics shrank its patient population down to about 1,200, and in 2001, Governor Frank O'Bannon announced that the state would close Muscatatuck. Governor Mitch Daniels passed control of the facility to the Indiana National Guard in July 2005. In 2015, computer security expert Walter O'Brien presented ScenGen and other artificial intelligence technology, deployed at Lockheed Martin and Northrop Grumman, to SOCOM at Muscatatuck.

## Training programs
### Cybertropolis

Cybertropolis is a cyberwarfare training environment at the Muscatatuck Urban Training Center. It "consists of a representative city and residential infrastructure outfitted with operational SCADA, cellular, and enterprise networks". Red-Team/Blue-Team exercises are conducted by US National Guard and other US Department of Defense organizations.
# Muscatine, Iowa micropolitan area

The Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting solely of Muscatine County and anchored by the city of Muscatine. The Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area is also a part of the Quad Cities Iowa–Illinois Combined Statistical Area (CSA), which has a population of 474,226, making it the 90th-largest CSA in the nation.
As of the 2000 census, the area had a population of 53,905 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 54,179).

## Counties

* Muscatine

## Communities
### Places with more than 20,000 inhabitants

* Muscatine (Principal city)

### Places with 1,000 to 5,000 inhabitants

* Columbus Junction
* Wapello
* West Liberty
* Wilton (partial)

### Places with 500 to 1,000 inhabitants

* Fruitland
* Grandview
* Morning Sun

### Places with less than 500 inhabitants

* Atalissa
* Blue Grass (partial)
* Columbus City
* Conesville
* Cotter
* Durant (partial)
* Fredonia
* Letts
* Nichols
* Oakville
* Stockton
* Walcott (partial)

### Unincorporated places

* Cranston
* Cairo
* Fairport
* Montpelier
* Moscow
* Newport
* Petersburg

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 53,905 people, 20,366 households, and 14,599 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 91.44% White, 0.60% African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.68% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 5.71% from other races, and 1.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.08% of the population.
The median income for a household in the μSA was $40,445, and the median income for a family was $46,173. Males had a median income of $33,811 versus $23,439 for females. The per capita income for the μSA was $18,635.
# Bouse Wash

Bouse Wash is one of the larger eastern-bank dry washes that enter the Colorado River in the Lower Colorado River Valley. It is located in La Paz County, extreme western Arizona.

## Geography

Bouse Wash is located on the north rim of the La Posa Plain and the south rim of Cactus Plain.
The Arizona town of Bouse is on Bouse Wash, northeast of the La Posa Plain, between the Bouse Hills and the Plomosa Mountains.

### Watersheds

Bouse Wash drains into the Colorado River at the north end of the Colorado River Indian Reservation, south of Parker. The Tyson Wash mouth is at the southern end of the reservation. The Bouse Watershed abuts the Tyson Watershed. The Bouse and Tyson Wash river mouths are both on the eastern shore of the Colorado River.
The Bouse Wash Watershed is west of a water divide that the Centennial Wash Watershed flows east from. Centennial is a tributary of the Gila River. Its confluence with the Gila is downstream from the confluence of the Hassayampa River, which flows south from Prescott and drains the western and southwestern regions of the Bradshaw Mountains.
# Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie de Châlons-en-Champagne

The musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie de Châlons-en-Champagne is a French art and archaeology museum on place Godart in Châlons-en-Champagne. It was set up as the museum for the department in 1794 to house artworks confiscated from émigrés and religious houses.

## Sources

(in French)
* http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/joconde_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_8=MUSEO&VALUE_8=5110801
* Jean-Pierre Ravaux, Histoire du musée de Châlons-en-Champagne de la Révolution au Second Empire; Mémoires de la SACSAM, tome CXI – 1996, et dans Mélanges en hommage à Jean-Pierre Ravaux, édition de la SAMCC, 2010.
48°57′24″N 4°21′49″E﻿ / ﻿48.9567°N 4.3635°E﻿ / 48.9567; 4.3635
* This French museum-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Johan Andersson (politician)

Ernst Johan Andersson (born 8 December 1961) is a Swedish politician and member of the Riksdag for the Swedish Social Democratic Party. He is currently taking up seat number 32 in the Riksdag for the constituency of Östergötland County.

## Work in the Riksdag

Andersson was elected into the Riksdag after the 2010 general election, he joined the Committee on the Labour Market the same year, he left the committee after the 2014 general election to become a member of the Committee on Transport and Communications, he served in the committee until the 2018 general election when he rejoined the Committee on the Labour Market. He is also a member of the election committee (Valberedning [sv]) since September 2018. He has also been an alternate for several parliamentary committees notably the Committee on Transport and Communications, and the Committee on Education.
# John Beresford

John Beresford may refer to:
* John Beresford (Waterford MP) (1738–1805), Irish MP for Waterford
* John Claudius Beresford (1766–1846), Irish MP for Swords and Dublin, son of the above
* Sir John Beresford, 1st Baronet (1766–1844), Royal Navy admiral, nephew of the Waterford MP
* John Horsley-Beresford, 2nd Baron Decies (1773–1855), Anglo-Irish peer, nephew of the Waterford MP
* Lord John Beresford (1773–1862), Anglican Archbishop of Armagh, nephew of the Waterford MP
* John Beresford, 4th Marquess of Waterford (1814–1866), Irish peer and Church of Ireland minister, nephew of the above
* John Beresford, 5th Marquess of Waterford (1844–1895), Irish peer, son of the above
* John Beresford, 5th Baron Decies (1866–1944), Anglo-Irish army officer, polo player, great-great-nephew of the Waterford MP
* J. D. Beresford (John Davys Beresford, 1873–1947), English science fiction writer at the turn of the 20th century
* John Beresford (dean of Elphin and Ardagh) (fl. 1897–1954), Anglican priest in Ireland
* John Beresford, 8th Marquess of Waterford (1933–2015), Irish peer, great-grandson of the 5th Marquess
* John Beresford (footballer) (born 1966), English footballer
# Caroline Gardner

Caroline Jane Gardner CBE CPFA FRSE was the Auditor General for Scotland between June 2012 and July 2020. She is a former president of Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA) 2006−7.

## Career

Gardiner is originally from London. She studied for her CIPFA exams while working as a trainee accountant at the Wolverhampton Borough council. She moved to Edinburgh in 1995, taking up the post of director of health and social work studies at the Accounts Commission. When Audit Scotland was created in 2000, she became the deputy auditor general.
She was a member of the CIPFA Council since 2000. She was the chair of CIPFA in Scotland in 2001−2002. She became CIPFA's 116th president, from June 2006 to June 2007.
She was seconded as the chief financial officer of the Turks and Caicos Islands in 2010. After this she spent a short period freelancing.
In March 2012, the Scottish Parliament decided that Caroline Gardner should succeed Robert Black. In July she took up the position of Auditor General, and Accountable Officer for Audit Scotland. She was in office at the onset of the United Kingdom government austerity programme, where there was a reduction in public services to repay debt incurred following the 2007–2008 financial crisis. She was succeed in the role by Stephen Boyle in July 2020.
In March 2024 she was appointed by the University of Glasgow as Honorary Professor at the Centre for Public Policy.

## Honours

In March 2016, Gardner was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Scotland's National Academy for science and letters.
She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2021 New Year Honours for services to the Scottish public sector.
# Caroline Genco

Caroline Attardo Genco is an American microbiologist and academic administrator. She is Arthur E. Spiller Professor in Genetics at Tufts University School of Medicine, and provost of Tufts University.

## Life and career

Genco was born to Rita Galletti and Charles Attardo. She was the first member of her family to attend college, completing a B.S. in biology at State University of New York at Fredonia in 1981, and then an M.S. in microbiology from the University of Rochester in 1984. She received her PhD, also at the University of Rochester, in 1987, studying Neisseria gonorrhoeae antibiotic resistance.
Following her graduate studies, Genco completed a post-doc at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Then, in 1989, she was appointed to an assistant professor position at Emory University, before joining the faculty of Morehouse School of Medicine as an associate professor in 1991. From 1997 to 2015, Genco served as Professor of Medicine at the Boston University School of Medicine, where she researched the link between oral bacteria and heart diseases.
In 2015, Genco joined the Tufts University School of Medicine as the Arthur E. Spiller Professor in Genetics and chair of the Department of Immunology. In 2019, she became vice provost for research. She succeeded Nadine Aubry as provost and senior vice president ad interim of Tufts University on January 1, 2022, and was appointed to those positions on a permanent basis on August 1, 2023.

## Research

At Tufts, Genco's laboratory researches how the microbiome and innate immune system influence inflammatory diseases. One specific research area of the lab is how mucosal pathogens work to evade macrophages/monocytes and the innate immune response in general. Genco's lab has recently progressed this work from in vitro human tissue culture to in vivo mouse models, and now human cohorts.
Another research focus of Genco's group is how Neisseria bacteria regulate gene transcription, with a focus on how environmental factors influence these pathways. Specifically, the lab has uncovered some of the mechanisms by which Fur (ferric uptake regulator), a regulatory protein, affects the virulence of bacteria.
Genco maintains a particular interest in antibiotic resistance and immune response to Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and especially how these differ in male and female human hosts. Genco's laboratory was one of the first to examine gonorrhea in female patients, and how their typically asymptomatic infections differed from males' typically symptomatic ones. Further, in 2023, Genco co-chaired the 23rd annual International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference (IPNC).
# Caroline Gardner Bartlett

Caroline Gardner Bartlett (1868–1938) was an American soprano, a music educator, and (as "Sister Beatrice") a relief worker during World War I.

## Early life

Caroline Gardner (or Gott) was born in Ohio, and raised by adoptive parents named Clark in Rochester, New York. She studied voice in the United States and in Europe, especially at the Boston Conservatory. Her skills as a vocal educator were renowned; opera singer Lillian Nordica sought her advice, and Thomas Edison met with her to discuss technologies involving the voice. In 1904 she began teaching music at her own school, Sunny Hill, in Warner, New Hampshire. She also toured, giving recitals, to some acclaim.

## World War I and aftermath

At the outbreak of World War I, Bartlett found herself in England, unable to return to the United States. She threw herself into relief work, and along the way, took the name "Sister Beatrice", complete with a nun's habit. There was nothing particularly religious about this choice of persona; she explained only that it made her service role clearer in the chaos of wartime France.
At Yvetot, working with the French army's sanitary service, Bartlett created a hospital from a deserted building in need of indoor plumbing, electrical wiring, and heat. The hospital treated hundreds of French wounded, many of them African soldiers. As the hospital thrived, Bartlett resigned from her administrative duties for reasons unclear, then embarked on a popular lecture tour to raise further funds for war relief.
Rumors began during Bartlett's lectures in Canada that she was a German spy, and that her frequent crossings of the English Channel were for espionage, not humanitarian relief. Variations on the rumor had her stealing from the donations she raised. As an independent actor in France, unaffiliated with the Red Cross or any other relief organization, she had no institutional credentials, and no one to vouch for her activities. She was never arrested, but the rumors continued to haunt Bartlett for the rest of her life. Several US State Department officials gave statements clearing Bartlett, in the years following the war; but her health and career were damaged by the accusations, and she died at a sanitarium in Warner, New Hampshire, in 1938, aged 70, with less than a hundred dollars in her bank account.
In 2004, MainStreet Warner, Inc. produced a play titled Minta, loosely based on Caroline Gardner Bartlett's life. Written by Leah Burdick using Bartlett's autobiography and personal letters, the play was inspired by a profile in The New Hampshire Century. In the play the ghost of Lillian Nordica leads Bartlett on a journey to revisit defining moments of her past in order to help the audience "better see this largely misunderstood woman."

## Personal life

Caroline Gardner Bartlett was married once, to a Canadian-born dentist named James Bartlett, in 1898; she was 30 years old, and he was 66. The Bartletts did not have children. James Bartlett died in 1909, and left Caroline with a comfortable inheritance and a British passport. She did not remarry.
# Carlina involucrata

Carlina involucrata is a species of perennial herb in the family Asteraceae. They have a self-supporting growth form and broad leaves.

## Sources

This article incorporates text from a free content work. Licensed under CC0 (license statement/permission). Text taken from Carlina involucrata​. Encyclopedia of Life.