OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Arkwright

Paul Thomas Arkwright CMG (born 2 March 1962) is a British diplomat who was High Commissioner to the Federal Republic of Nigeria 2015–18.

## Early life

Arkwright was born in Bolton, and grew up in Lancashire. He is the son of Thomas Arkwright and Muriel Hague. He grew up in Bolton.
He attended the independent school Ampleforth College. He gained a BA in English in 1983 from Trinity College, Cambridge.

## Career

Arkwright joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) in 1987. He was based in West Berlin (British Military Government near the Olympiastadion) from 1988–1991, seeing the overthrow of the Berlin Wall at first hand. From 1993–1997 he was a First Secretary to the UK Mission to the UN. From 1997–1998 he worked at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France; this led to him being a First Secretary from 1998–2001 at Paris. From 2001–2005 he was part of the UK Delegation to NATO in Brussels.
From 2006–2009 he achieved a senior post in the FCO, becoming Head of the Counter-Proliferation Department (CPD).

### Ambassador

Arkwright was British Ambassador to the Kingdom of the Netherlands 2009–2013. He was Director, Multilateral Policy at the FCO 2013–2015, and was then appointed High Commissioner to the Federal Republic of Nigeria, taking up his post at Abuja in October 2015. He was replaced in November 2018 to transfer to another Diplomatic Service appointment.
He was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2016 Birthday Honours for services to foreign policy.

## Personal life

Arkwright married Patricia Holland in 1997 in Paris, and they have a son and daughter. He follows Bolton Wanderers F.C.
# Richard Saltonstall Greenough

Richard Saltonstall Greenough (April 19, 1819 – 1904) was an American sculptor and younger brother to Neoclassical sculptor Horatio Greenough.
Greenough was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the youngest child of Elizabeth (Bender) and David Greenough (1774–1836). He was educated at the Boston Latin School, entering in 1829. At age 17, he followed his brother in a career in sculpture, and in 1837 left for Italy where he belonged to the second generation of American expatriate artists. Thereafter he divided his time between Europe and America, but spent most of his studio life in Rome. Greenough married Sarah Dana Loring of Boston on September 26, 1846, and had two children at Boston in 1848 and 1851. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1855. Greenough died in Rome in 1904. He is buried in the Protestant Cemetery, Rome.
Greenough's best-known work is probably a statue of Benjamin Franklin which stood in front of the Old City Hall (Boston). The statue on Boston's Freedom Trail, fell from its ten-foot pedestal in the early summer of 2016, but sustained almost no damage and is currently being repaired.

## Selected works

* 1853 Shepard Boy and Eagle, bronze, Boston Athenaeum
* 1856 Statue of Benjamin Franklin, bronze, Old City Hall (Boston)
* 1856 John Winthrop (1588–1649), marble, Memorial Hall, Harvard University
* 1860 Bust of George Hayward (1791–1863), marble, Memorial Hall, Harvard University
* 1863 Carthaginian Girl, marble, Boston Athenaeum
* 1860-1880 Mary Magdalene, Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York
* 1873 John Winthrop, bronze, Boston, Massachusetts
* 1876 John Winthrop, marble, United States Capitol
* TBD Alma Mater commemorating Civil War dead, Boston Latin School
# Metuloidea cinnamomea

Metuloidea cinnamomea is a species of tooth fungus in the family Steccherinaceae. Found in the Andes region of Venezuela, it was initially described in 2010 by Teresa Iturriaga and Leif Ryvarden as a species of Antrodiella. Otto Miettinen and Ryvarden transferred it to the newly created genus Metuloidea in 2016.
# Platyplectrurus

    Common name: Thorntail snakes
Platyplectrurus is a genus of nonvenomous shield tail snakes endemic to the Western Ghats of India. Currently, two species are recognized.

## Geographic range

Found in the Western Ghats of South India. Found in high elevation (> 1200 m asl) montane Shola forests, under rocks, fallen logs and in piles of debris.

## Species

| Species | Taxon author | Subsp.* | Common name | Geographic range |
| Platyplectrurus madurensis | Beddome, 1877 | 1 | Travancore Hills thorntail snake | South India (the Western Ghats in the Palnai and Travancore Hills) |
| Platyplectrurus trilineatus$^T$ | (Beddome, 1867) | 0 | lined thorntail snake | South India in the Western Ghats: Anaimalai in (Kerala) |
* ) Not including the nominate subspecies
$^T$) Type species
# The Salon (comics)

The Salon is a graphic novel written and illustrated by Nick Bertozzi. Originally published in installments on the website Serializer.net in 2002, it was eventually published in its entirety by St. Martin's Press in April 2007.

## Plot

The story is set in 1907 in Paris, surrounding the birth of the Cubism art movement. Someone is murdering various painters, and a group forms to solve the mystery. Fictionalized characters include Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Gertrude Stein, and Erik Satie.

## Development

After The Salon was published by St. Martin's Press, Bertozzi noted that the comic had changed substantially since it was originally published on Serializer.net, with plot points tightened, more than 20 pages cut and about 40 pages added.

## Reception

The Salon has been praised for its "rich personalities" and "brilliant premise". Publishers Weekly said the novel was executed "with wit and flair. The Salon was named on the Publishers Weekly list of best comics of 2007.

## Historical accuracy

A scene in the book shows Picasso taking inspiration from a comic to complete a portrait of Gertrude Stein. While Picasso was a fan of William Randolph Hearst's comics, there is no historical evidence that they influenced his art. Bertozzi said of the comic, "Researching the personalities in The Salon led less to historical accuracy in terms of dates and places, but more, I feel, to an emotional reality".

## Controversy

An excerpt of The Salon containing a nude depiction of Picasso was included in a compilation called Alternative Comics No. 2 in 2004. The compilation was given away as part of a promotional event in Rome, Georgia by comic store owner Gordon Lee. The compilation was given to a child, whose parents reported the incident. Lee was soon charged with two counts of "distributing material depicting nudity or sexual conduct" and five counts of "distributing obscene material" to a minor. The Comic Book Legal Defense Fund noticed the case and provided Lee's defense. Over $100,000 was spent, and the case was dismissed in April 2008.
# Hampton and Branchville Railroad and Lumber Company

The Hampton and Branchville Railroad and Lumber Company was a shortline railroad that served Western South Carolina in the early 20th century.
The Hampton and Branchville Railroad and Lumber Company was chartered by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1891. The charter called for the carrier to build a line the Savannah River below Hamburg, South Carolina, through the town of Hampton, South Carolina, and the counties of Hampton, Colleton, and Orangeburg. It also was to extend onto Sumter, South Carolina.
The first records of the carrier date from January 1, 1901, at which time its line stretched from Hampton to a connection with the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Branchville Junction, South Carolina, 16 miles away. By 1909, an eight-mile extension from Hampton to Smoaks, South Carolina, was completed and opened for operation.
The Hampton and Branchville Railroad and Lumber Company changed its name to the Hampton and Branchville Railroad in the 1920s. Today, the Hampton and Branchville operates freight services from a CSX connection at Hampton to Canadys, South Carolina, about 40 miles away.
The line is owned by the Lightsey family.
# Judiciary of Kyrgyzstan

The judicial system of Kyrgyzstan comprise a number of courts in a hierarchy:
* Supreme Court of Kyrgyzstan
* Military Courts of Kyrgyzstan (until December 2016)
* Appeal courts of second instance at the oblast level
* Local courts of first instance. 78 of these exist
In addition informal methods of dispute resolution judged by court elders (aksakals) exist outside of the formal legal hierarchy. The Constitutional Court was abolished with the adoption of the 2010 Constitution and its powers transferred to the Supreme Court.
# Cheiracanthium punctorium

Cheiracanthium punctorium, one of several species commonly known as the yellow sac spider, is a spider found from central Europe to Central Asia. They reach a length of about 15 mm, and their bite can penetrate human skin; the bite has been compared to a wasp sting, perhaps a bit more severe, although susceptible persons can have stronger reactions, like nausea. Females build an egg sac of about 4 cm in high grass. It opens below and is aggressively defended.
In Germany, where it is the only "seriously" venomous spider, it is a rare species, only known to occur in notable numbers in the Kaiserstuhl region, the hottest part of the country. Due to changing weather patterns, leading to increased aridity and less precipitation in some areas, this species spreads to more northern parts of Europe, e.g. Brandenburg, Germany, where the present trend is towards a climate more similar to the Central Asian steppes where C. punctorium is most numerous.
The genus Cheiracanthium was transferred from the Clubionidae to the Miturgidae, and then to the Cheiracanthiidae.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Papini, R (2012). "Documented bites by a yellow sac spider (Cheiracanthium punctorium) in Italy: a case report". Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases. 18 (3): 349–354. doi:10.1590/S1678-91992012000300014.
* ↑ Platnick 2007
* ↑ "Gen. Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch, 1839", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2015-10-07
# Nevin S. Scrimshaw

Nevin Stewart Scrimshaw (January 20, 1918 – February 8, 2013) was an American food scientist and Institute Professor emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Scrimshaw was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. During the course of his long career he developed nutritional supplements for alleviating protein, iodine, and iron deficiencies in the developing world. His pioneering and extensive publications in the area of human nutrition and food science include over 20 books and monographs and hundreds of scholarly articles. Scrimshaw also founded the Department of Nutrition and Food Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, and the Nevin Scrimshaw International Nutrition Foundation. He was awarded the Bolton L. Corson Medal in 1976 and the World Food Prize in 1991. Scrimshaw spent the last years of his life on a farm in Thornton, New Hampshire, where he died at 95.

## Life

Scrimshaw came from New England, and spent the 1930s and 1940s there studying nutrition, especially protein combining, alongside his wife and fellow scientist, Mary Goodrich. In the 1950s and 1960s, they lived in Guatemala and India. They designed meals using local vegetables to fight against the scourge of kwashiorkor. In Guatemala they used the combination of cottonseed flour with maize, while in India they combined peanut flour with wheat. His daughter is medical anthropologist and academic administrator Susan C. Scrimshaw.

## Works

* 1968: (with John Everett Gordon) Malnutrition, learning and behavior, MIT Press
* 1968: (with Carl E. Taylor and John Everett Gordon) Interactions of nutrition and infection, World Health Organization Monograph #57
* 1971: (with Alan Berg & David L. Call) Nutrition, national planning and development, MIT Press
* 1971: (editor with Aaron M. Altschul) Amino acid fortification of protein foods, MIT Press
* 1974: (editor with Moises Behar) Nutrition and agricultural development: significance and potential for the tropics, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Plenum Press
* 1975: (with Max Milner & Daniel I. C. Wang) Protein resources and technology, Avi Publishing
* 1982: (with Mitchel B. Wallerstein) Nutrition policy implementation: issues and experience, Plenum Press

## Awards and honours

* American Medical Association/Joseph B. Goldberger Award in Clinical Nutrition, 1969
* Institute of Food Technologists Bor S. Luh International Award, 1969 (known then as the IFT International Award)
* member, National Academy of Sciences, 1971
* American Society for Nutrition/Conrad Elvehjem Award for Public Service in Nutrition, 1976
* Bolton S. Corson Medal, 1976
* Fellow of the American Institute of Nutrition, 1985
* Bristol-Myers Award for Distinguished Achievements in Nutrition Research, 1988
* World Food Prize, 1991
# Tam, kde hnízdí čápi

Tam, kde hnízdí čápi is a 1975 Czechoslovak drama film directed by Karel Steklý.

## Cast

* Jiří Krampol
* Milena Svobodová
* Adolf Filip
* Zdeněk Kryzánek
* Gustav Opočenský
* Jan Skopeček
* Miloš Willig
* Josef Vinklář
* Antonín Hardt
* Jiří Holý
* Vlasta Fialová
# Platypleura haglundi

Platypleura haglundi is a medium-sized African cicada species, that occurs from northern South Africa to Zimbabwe, where it is found in diverse habitats. In South Africa it has been recorded in North West, the northern Free State, Northern Province, Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Kwazulu-Natal. The type was collected in Weenen Game Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal.
It has deep ochre hind-wings like its congeners, with a complete black border. The abdomen is black with an incomplete terminal white band. The species feeds on Acacia, Dichrostachys cinerea and Delonix regia. The adults are active from October to March. As with other southern African cicadas, they would generally emerge later at more southerly latitudes, and usually after seasonal rains.
It forms part of a southern African radiation in the Platypleura that started during the Miocene. A larger species of the southern African radiation, P. capensis, replaces it in the Cape fynbos regions.
# The Sallyangie

The Sallyangie were a 1960s folk duo consisting of siblings Mike and Sally Oldfield. In 1968 they released their first and only album Children of the Sun. The duo split in late 1969 after limited success and a national tour. Both members have released albums since to greater success.
The duo's name is reputed to be an amalgamation of "Sally" (Oldfield's name) and "Angie", the name of a guitar instrumental, written by Davey Graham.
The duo's second single, "Child of Allah" was released three years after they had split up, a song which subsequently ended up on Sally Oldfield's debut solo album, Water Bearer in 1978.

## Discography
### Album

* 1968 — Children of the Sun (Transatlantic Records TRA 176)

### Singles

* August 1969 — "Two Ships" b/w "Colours of the World" (Big T / Transatlantic Records BIG 126)
* December 1972 — "Child of Allah" b/w "Lady Go Lightly" (Philips Records 6006 259)
# Judy Shepard (disambiguation)

Judy Shepard is an activist.
Judy or Judith Shepard may also refer to:
# Constituency MR-2

Constituency MR-2 is a reserved constituency for minorities in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly.
# Neumann boundary condition

In mathematics, the Neumann (or second-type) boundary condition is a type of boundary condition, named after Carl Neumann. When imposed on an ordinary or a partial differential equation, the condition specifies the values of the derivative applied at the boundary of the domain.
It is possible to describe the problem using other boundary conditions: a Dirichlet boundary condition specifies the values of the solution itself (as opposed to its derivative) on the boundary, whereas the Cauchy boundary condition, mixed boundary condition and Robin boundary condition are all different types of combinations of the Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions.

## Examples
### ODE

For an ordinary differential equation, for instance,
    $y''+y=0,$
the Neumann boundary conditions on the interval [a,b] take the form
    $y'(a)=\alpha ,\quad y'(b)=\beta ,$
where α and β are given numbers.

### PDE

For a partial differential equation, for instance,
    $\nabla ^{2}y+y=0,$
where ∇$^2$ denotes the Laplace operator, the Neumann boundary conditions on a domain Ω ⊂ R$^n$ take the form
    ${\frac {\partial y}{\partial \mathbf {n} }}(\mathbf {x} )=f(\mathbf {x} )\quad \forall \mathbf {x} \in \partial \Omega ,$
where n denotes the (typically exterior) normal to the boundary ∂Ω, and f is a given scalar function.
The normal derivative, which shows up on the left side, is defined as
    ${\frac {\partial y}{\partial \mathbf {n} }}(\mathbf {x} )=\nabla y(\mathbf {x} )\cdot \mathbf {\hat {n}} (\mathbf {x} ),$
where ∇y(x) represents the gradient vector of y(x), n̂ is the unit normal, and ⋅ represents the inner product operator.
It becomes clear that the boundary must be sufficiently smooth such that the normal derivative can exist, since, for example, at corner points on the boundary the normal vector is not well defined.

### Applications

The following applications involve the use of Neumann boundary conditions:
* In thermodynamics, a prescribed heat flux from a surface would serve as boundary condition. For example, a perfect insulator would have no flux while an electrical component may be dissipating at a known power.
* In magnetostatics, the magnetic field intensity can be prescribed as a boundary condition in order to find the magnetic flux density distribution in a magnet array in space, for example in a permanent magnet motor. Since the problems in magnetostatics involve solving Laplace's equation or Poisson's equation for the magnetic scalar potential, the boundary condition is a Neumann condition.
* In spatial ecology, a Neumann boundary condition on a reaction–diffusion system, such as Fisher's equation, can be interpreted as a reflecting boundary, such that all individuals encountering ∂Ω are reflected back onto Ω.
# Improvement District No. 13

Improvement District No. 13, or Improvement District No. 13 (Elk Island), is an improvement district in Alberta, Canada. Coextensive with Elk Island National Park in central Alberta, the improvement district provides local governance for lands within the park.

## History

Improvement District (ID) No. 13 was originally formed as ID No. 97 on April 1, 1958. ID No. 97 was renumbered to ID No. 13 on January 1, 1969.

## Geography
### Communities and localities

There are no urban municipalities, hamlets, or urban service areas within Improvement District No. 13.
The following localities are within Improvement District No. 13.

#### Localities

* Elk Island National Park
* Sandy Beach

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Improvement District No. 13 had a population of 0 living in 0 of its 0 total private dwellings, no change from its 2016 population of 0. With a land area of 165 km$^2$ (64 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.0/km$^2$ (0.0/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Improvement District No. 13 had a population of 0 living in 1 of its 6 total private dwellings, a change of -100% from its 2011 population of 10. With a land area of 165.05 km$^2$ (63.73 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.0/km$^2$ (0.0/sq mi) in 2016.

## Government

Improvement District No. 13 is governed by Alberta's Minister of Municipal Affairs.
# Maizet

Maizet (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.
# One Mom and Three Dads

One Mom and Three Dads (Korean: 아빠셋 엄마하나; RR: Appa-set Eomma-hana) is a 2008 South Korean television series starring Eugene, Jo Hyun-jae, Jae Hee, and Shin Sung-rok. It aired on KBS2 from April 2 to May 22, 2008 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes.

## Synopsis

Song Na-young and her husband, Jung Sung-min desperately want a child, but Sung-min is unable to get her pregnant. Na-young suddenly loses her husband in an accident, and afterwards gives birth to a daughter. What she does not know is that three of her husband's friends donated sperm to Sung-min so that she could conceive successfully. The father of Na-young's child could either be Han Soo-hyun, Choi Kwang-hee, or Na Hwang Kyung-tae.

## Cast
### Main characters

* Eugene as Song Na-young
* Jo Hyun-jae as Han Soo-hyun
* Jae Hee as Choi Kwang-hee
* Shin Sung-rok as Na Hwang Kyung-tae
* Kim Bin-woo as Park Seo-yeon
* Joo Sang-wook as Jung Chan-young

### Supporting characters

* Yoon Sang-hyun as Jung Sung-min
* Jang Young-nam as Noh Hee-sook
* Ko Do-young as Jang Joo-mi
* Jeon So-min as Nam Jong-hee
* Lee Hee-do as Song Mong-chan (Na-young's father)
* Park Chil-yong as Han Bong-soo (Soo-hyun's father)
* Jang Jung-hee as Lee Jin-nyeo (Kwang-hee's mother)
* Yang Hee-kyung as Hwang Soon-ja (Kyung-tae's mother)
* Kim Jin-tae as Park Dae-seok (Seo-yeon's father)
* Lee Chae-eun as Na-yeong's friend
* Kim Ki-kyeon as President Jung (Chan-young's father)
# Meza

Meza may refer to:

## People

* Abinadi Meza (born 1977), American artist
* Andrea Meza (born 1994), Mexican beauty queen and Miss Universe 2020
* Arturo Meza (born 1956), Mexican musical artist and author
* Christian de Meza, commander of the Danish army during the 1864 Second Schleswig War
* Enrique Meza (born 1948), Mexican football coach
* Enrique Meza Jr (born 1979), Mexican football coach
* Florinda Meza (born 1949), Mexican television and film actress
* Guillermo Meza (artist) (1917–1997), a Mexican artist
* Guillermo Meza (footballer) (1988–2010), a Mexican football player
* José Luis Oliva Meza, former mayor of Veracruz, Mexico
* Juan Meza (born 1956), boxer
* Juan N. Silva Meza (born 1944), Mexican jurist
* Luis Antonio Meza [es], Peruan composer
* Maximiliano Meza (footballer, born 1992), Argentine international midfielder
* Maximiliano Meza (footballer, born 1997), Argentine midfielder
* Miguel de San Román Meza (1802–1863), President of Peru between 1862 and 1863
* Pablo José Meza, Argentinian producer, film director, and screenplay writer
* Severo Meza (born 1986), football player

## Other uses

* Meza (butterfly), a genus of grass skipper butterflies
* Meza (rural locality), several rural localities in Kostroma Oblast, Russia
* Meža, a river in Carinthia, Slovenia