OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Julius von Michel

Julius von Michel (5 July 1843 – 29 September 1911) was a German ophthalmologist born in Frankenthal.
He studied at the Universities of Würzburg and Zurich, and in 1866 served as a military physician in the Austro-Prussian War. From 1868 to 1870 he was an assistant to Johann Friedrich Horner (1831–1886) at the University Eye Clinic in Zurich. During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71), he again served as a military doctor, and afterwards worked with Gustav Schwalbe (1844–1916) at Carl Ludwig's Physiological Institute in Leipzig.
In 1872 he earned his habilitation in Leipzig, and subsequently became an associate professor of ophthalmology at the University of Erlangen, where in 1874 he gained a full professorship. In 1879 he was named successor to Robert von Welz at the ophthalmology clinic in Würzburg, and later on, he was a replacement for Karl Ernst Theodor Schweigger at the University of Berlin (1900).
Michel is remembered for work involving tuberculosis of the eye, and his pioneer research of central retinal vein occlusion.
Among his written efforts are Lehrbuch der Augenheilkunde (Textbook of ophthalmology, 1890) and Klinischer Leitfaden der Augenheilkunde (Guide to clinical ophthalmology). With Hermann Kuhnt (1850–1925), he founded the journal Zeitschrift für Augenheilkunde.
# Jeanne Wolfe

Jeanne Wolfe (1934–2009) was a British-born Canadian urban planner and scholar known for her outstanding contribution to planning affairs in Quebec, Canada, and internationally.

## Biography

Wolfe received a bachelor's degree in Geography from the University of London, UK (1953–56), a master's degree in Geography from the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario (1956–59), and a master's degree in Urban Planning from McGill University in Montréal (1959–61).
Following her graduation from McGill, Wolfe practiced for over a decade as a professional planner, holding positions with both the City of Montreal and the Quebec Government's Ministry of Municipal Affairs. In 1973, Wolfe joined the faculty of the McGill School of Urban Planning. While at McGill, she developed courses in the history, theory and practice of urban planning, taught numerous planning studio courses (interdisciplinary, team-based practical planning projects) in collaboration with public and community partners, and supervised countless graduate students. Wolfe was Director of the McGill School of Urban Planning between 1988 and 1999, and given the honorific title of Professor Emerita following her retirement.
Wolfe was a prolific and accomplished researcher and writer. Among her achievements are reviews about Canadian planning and housing policy, and articles documenting the evolution of Montreal's governance structure. She also extensively studied urban and social issues in developing countries and late in her life, she worked on a history of utopian communities across Canada.
In addition to her research, Wolfe participated in many social and environmental organizations and commissions, both locally and nationally. For example, she was a commissioner for both the 1986 Parizeau Commission on the Future of Municipalities and the 1987 commission for the Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal. She was also a long-serving board member for the Society to Overcome Pollution (1979 to 2009).
For the last 25 years of her life, Wolfe was deeply involved in planning research and practice in developing countries, particularly in the Caribbean basin and in Central America. She was a founding member of the Groupe interuniversitaire de Montréal, a Centre of Excellence of the Canadian International Development Agency, which helped to establish post-secondary urban-planning programs in local universities and to develop their research capacity. In recent years, she worked in China and in India, studying and advising on local planning and governance structures, for instance with respect to solid-waste management (in India) and metropolitan governance (in China).
Wolfe was appointed a member of the Order of Canada in May 2009 for "her contributions as a leading scholar and mentor in the field of urban planning in Canada and abroad."

## Honours

* Professor Emeritus in Urban Planning at McGill University (2000)
* Prix Jean-Claude La Haye, Ordre des urbanistes du Québec (2004)
* President's Award, Canadian Institute of Planners (2007)
* Member of the Order of Canada (2009)
# Bärbel Koribalski

Dr. Bärbel Silvia Koribalski is a research scientist working on galaxy formation at CSIRO's Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF), part of CSIRO's Astronomy & Space Science (CASS). She obtained her PhD at the University of Bonn in Germany and is noted for studies of nearby galaxies. In 2011 she received CSIRO's Newton Turner Award. She is also a project leader of the ASKAP HI All-Sky Survey, known as WALLABY.

## Research

Galaxy formation and evolution. Gas kinematics of galaxies using the HI 21-cm spectral line of neutral hydrogen. Radio observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), also known as the Paul Wild Observatory in Narrabri, named after John Paul Wild, Chief of CSIRO's Division of Radiophysics and later Chairman of CSIRO (1978-1985). Study of galaxy groups, e.g. Dorado Group with V.A. Kilborn et al.
Current and planned major HI surveys of galaxies:
* "HI Parkes All Sky Survey" (HIPASS)
* "Local Volume HI Survey" (LVHIS), conducted with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) in Narrabri - Principal Investigator
* "ASKAP HI All-Sky Survey" (known as WALLABY) - Principal Investigator
* HI surveys with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA)

## Personal Background

Born in Wuppertal, Germany, and grown up in Köln on the Rhine, studied physics at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universitaet Bonn.
Hobbies: Athletics

## Career

Physics Diploma (1990) and PhD (Otto Hahn Medal, 1993) - University of Bonn, Germany
* Newton Turner Archived 2015-11-17 at the Wayback Machine Award 2011
* CSIRO - OCE Science Leader, from 2012

## Professional associations

* International Astronomical Union (IAU)
* Australian Society of Astronomy (ASA)

## Publications

* Dr. Bärbel Koribalski's publications - source SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
# The Sufferettes

The Sufferettes are a Canadian comedy duo composed of Becky Johnson and Kayla Lorette.

## Performance history

The Sufferettes began performing together in 2008 as part of the weekly competitive improv show, Catch23 Improv, in Toronto.
In 2011, the Sufferettes began touring together internationally performing in such cities as London, Berlin, Vienna, Graz, Ljubljana, Sarnen, Bochum, Karlsruhe, Edmonton, Rochester and more.

## Awards and nominations

* Canadian Comedy Award 2014, Best Improv Troupe (Winner)
* Now Magazine Best of Toronto 2014, Improv Troupe (Winner)
# Heteroclytomorpha singularis

Heteroclytomorpha singularis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1950 and is known from Fiji.
# Coenagriocnemis

Coenagriocnemis is a genus of damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. The whole genus is endemic to the Mascarene Islands.
The genus contains the following species:
* Coenagriocnemis insulare (Selys, 1872)
* Coenagriocnemis ramburi Fraser, 1950
* Coenagriocnemis reuniense (Fraser, 1957)
* Coenagriocnemis rufipes (Rambur, 1842)
# Canarium kipella

Canarium kipella is a species of plant in the Burseraceae family. It is endemic to Java in Indonesia. It is an endangered species threatened by habitat loss.
# 1793 in Scotland

Events from the year 1793 in Scotland.

## Incumbents
### Law officers

* Lord Advocate – Robert Dundas of Arniston
* Solicitor General for Scotland – Robert Blair

### Judiciary

* Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Succoth
* Lord Justice General – The Viscount Stormont
* Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Braxfield

## Events

* 2 January – Radical Thomas Muir of Huntershill arrested on a charge of sedition but released on bail.
* 20 July – Stornoway-born explorer Alexander Mackenzie's 1792–1793 Peace River expedition to the Pacific Ocean reaches its goal at Bella Coola, British Columbia, making him the first known person to complete a transcontinental crossing of northern North America.
* 17 August – 79th Regiment of Foot (Cameronian Volunteers) raised at Fort William from members of Clan Cameron by Alan Cameron of Erracht.
* 24 August – Thomas Muir arrested at Portpatrick on his return from France.
* 31 August – Thomas Muir sentenced to penal transportation for 14 years.
* Little Cumbrae Lighthouse built.
* Piershill Barracks in Edinburgh and Queen's Barracks in Perth completed, originally for cavalry regiments.

## Births

* 6 March – William Dick, founder of Edinburgh Veterinary College (died 1866)
* 3 April – Alexander Nicoll, Orientalist (died 1828 in Oxford)
* 1 June – Henry Francis Lyte, Anglican divine and hymn-writer (died 1847 in Nice)
* James Browne, man of letters (died 1841)

## Deaths

* 5 January – John Howie, biographer (born 1735)
* 2 February – William Aiton, botanist (born 1731)
* 20 March – William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, judge and politician (born 1705)
* 2 April or May – Colin Macfarquhar, bookseller and printer, co-founder of Encyclopædia Britannica (born 1744 or 1745?)
* 11 June – William Robertson, historian and Principal of the University of Edinburgh (born 1721)
* 16 October – John Hunter, surgeon (born 1728)
* James Small, inventor (born 1740)

## The arts

* 27 July – Robert Burns sets out on his first Galloway tour.
* August – Burns writes "Scots Wha Hae".
* Scotland portal
# Promenesta isotrocha

Promenesta isotrocha is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1918. It is found in Argentina.
The wingspan is about 16 mm. The forewings are light yellow, with the second discal stigma small and grey. The hindwings are pale ochreous-yellowish.
# Per Kristiansen

Per Kristiansen is a former Norwegian orienteering competitor who competed in the 1950s and 1960s, and later served as an official for the sport at a national level. He became National Champion both individually and in relay, and was twice the individual medal winner at the Scandinavian Championships. He participated at the two first European Orienteering Championships, with a silver medal in relay as his best result.

## Career
### Active career

Kristiansen won a bronze medal in the individual contest at the Norwegian Championships in 1956, and another bronze medal in 1957. He participated at the 1957 Nordic Championships, where he won a bronze medal in the individual contest. He was Norwegian Champion in relay in 1960 with the club IF Vestheim. In 1961 he became Norwegian Champion by winning the individual contest, beating Magne Lystad. In 1962 he participated in the winning relay team at the national championships for the second time. He competed at the very first European championships in Løten in 1962, where he placed fifteenth in the individual contest, and received a bronze medal in the relay (which was not part of the official championship). In 1963 he won a bronze medal at the Nordic Championships in Karlstad. He received a silver medal in the relay event at the European Orienteering Championships in 1964 in Le Brassus, together with Ola Skarholt, Magne Lystad and Stig Berge. He also competed in the individual contest, where he placed fifteenth.

### Administrative career

Kristiansen chaired the training committee of Norges Orienteringsforbund for six years, from 1967 to 1973. During this period the Norwegian orienteering team produced gold winners at the World Championships in both 1968, 1970 and 1972. The most successful year was 1970 in Friedrichroda, when the team won three of the four possible gold medals, plus two bronze medals. Kristiansen co-wrote manuals and reports on the orienteering sport, such as a handbook on training and competition advice from 1968, and a report on psychological factors in orienteering from 1972. He was strongly involved in the World Championships at Kongsberg in 1978, being on the organizing committee. Experiences from this arrangement were basis for a booklet on the control function during the planning and execution of a competition, published in 1982.
# Chelata

Chelata is a commune in northern Algeria in the Béjaïa Province in the Kabylia region.
36°31′10″N 4°29′51″E﻿ / ﻿36.51944°N 4.49750°E﻿ / 36.51944; 4.49750
* This article about a location in Béjaïa Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# The Suffering (film)

The Suffering is a 2016 American horror/thriller film directed by Robert Hamilton, co-written by Hamilton and Marco Scola, and starring Phil Amico, Nick Apostolides, and Elizabeth Deo. It was released in the United States on July 29, 2016.

## Plot

Henry Dawles, a property appraiser, begins an assignment at an isolated rural farm owned by the enigmatic Mr Remiel. He finds himself trapped and haunted by unearthly beings.

## Cast

* Phil Amico as Mr. Remiel
* Nick Apostolides as Henry Dawles
* Liz Christmas as Selena
* Elizabeth Deo as Rebecca Dawles
* Kina Gee as Nurse
* Chappy Gould as Creature 1
* Timo Gould as Creature 2
* Lee Hamilton as Mrs. Gates
* Fahim Hussaini as Creature 3
* Reed Peltier as Child
* Chad Eric Smith as Ahmad
* Carl Stevens as Rail Thin Man
* Regen Wilson as Driver

## Critical reception

In his review for the Los Angeles Times, Noel Murray wrote, "Give credit to writer-director Robert Hamilton for trying something subtler than the average B-movie, but his film could've used a few more cheap shocks".
Reviewing for Starburst, Martin Unsworth gave The Suffering a score of eight stars from ten. He considered that "The Suffering is incredibly well acted, beautifully shot (making great use of the locations), and manages to build up an eerie atmosphere from the very start."
Decay Horror Mag gave "The Suffering" a score of three and a half stars from five, and wrote, "Horror enthusiasts and cinefiles will appreciate the creative direction" ... "Hamilton and Scola designed a screenplay with key elements infused into every scene."
# Gmina Tłuszcz

Gmina Tłuszcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wołomin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tłuszcz, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of Wołomin and 39 km (24 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
The gmina covers an area of 102.83 square kilometres (39.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 18,510 (out of which the population of Tłuszcz amounts to 7,283, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,227).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Tłuszcz, Gmina Tłuszcz contains the villages and settlements of Białki, Brzezinów, Chrzęsne, Dzięcioły, Franciszków, Grabów, Jadwinin, Jarzębia Łąka, Jasienica, Jaźwie, Kozły, Kury, Łysobyki, Mokra Wieś, Pawłów, Postoliska, Rudniki, Rysie, Stasinów, Stryjki, Szczepanek, Szymanówek, Wagan, Waganka, Wólka Kozłowska and Zalesie.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Tłuszcz is bordered by the gminas of Dąbrówka, Jadów, Klembów, Poświętne, Strachówka and Zabrodzie.
# Hevea microphylla

Hevea microphylla is a species of rubber tree in the genus Hevea, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the Amazon basin where it occurs in Venezuela, Colombia and northern Brazil. It was first described in 1905 by the German botanist Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule. It is the only member of the genus to be included in the subgenus Microphyllae.

## Description

H. microphylla is a small tree up to 18 m (60 ft) tall, with a small, sparse crown and a slender trunk with a swollen, bottle-like base. It bears "winter shoots", stubby side shoots with short internodes, scale leaves on the stem and larger leaves near the tip. These poorly-developed shoots are short-lived, the foliage being shed before new shoots develop; this species shares this feature with H. benthamiana and H. brasiliensis, the remaining trees in the genus being evergreen. The leaves have three leaflets which are bent back in the bud and are later held in a horizontal or deflexed position. The inflorescence develops in a leaf axle and consists of separate male and female flowers with five perianth lobes, with the female flowers near the panicle tip. These female flowers have a swollen torus at the base and are the largest in the genus. The fruit is a capsule with three large seeds, each measuring around 25 by 14 mm (1.0 by 0.6 in). It is yellow with green stripes and a red tip when ripe. In H. microphylla, in contrast to other members of the genus, this capsule has thin, leathery valves and does not burst open when ripe to expel the seeds.

## Distribution and habitat

H. microphylla is an uncommon species endemic to the upper and middle reaches of the Rio Negro, a left-bank tributary of the Amazon River. It mostly grows on river banks or islands and the sandy or laterite soils it favours are heavily inundated by flood water for at least four months each year.

## Uses

H. microphylla is not exploited in the wild, probably because of the poor quality of the latex which is mixed with resins, and it is not cultivated.
# Coenagria

Coenagria is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Coenagria nana (Staudinger, 1892)
# Canarium latistipulatum

Canarium latistipulatum is a tree in the family Burseraceae. The specific epithet latistipulatum means 'wide stipule'.

## Description

Canarium latistipulatum grows up to 27 metres (90 ft) tall. The powdery-brown fruits are oblong and measure up to 7.2 cm (3 in) long.

## Subspecies

Two subspecies of Canarium latistipulatum are recognised:
* Canarium latistipulatum subsp. latistipulatum
* Canarium latistipulatum subsp. mitus P.S.Ashton – Brunei

## Distribution and habitat

Canarium latistipulatum is endemic to Borneo. Its habitat is lowland rain forests.
# 1793 in architecture

The year 1793 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

## Events

* March 8 – The Bishop of Popayán, making a pastoral visit to Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia, finds "evil spirits" in the church, and arranges the construction of a new cathedral, the Concatedral de San Nicolás el Magno.
* August 8 – In Paris, France, the Académie royale d'architecture is suspended by the revolutionary National Convention, which decrees the abolition of the national academies.
* November 25 – The Prince Regent lays the foundation stone of the Chapel Royal, Brighton.
* date unknown
** English architect Thomas Baldwin, having been appointed as the Bath City Architect in 1775, is dismissed as a result of his rivalry with John Palmer of Bath.
** The Frydenlund mansion near Copenhagen, Denmark, designed by Caspar Frederik Harsdorff, is destroyed by fire. The Crown sells the estate to Karl Adolf Boheman, who refurbishes and expands Johan Cornelius Krieger's original house with the assistance of Jørgen Henrich Rawert.

## Buildings and structures
### Buildings

* Church of Pentecost, Vinkovci, Croatia.
* Lansdown Crescent, Bath, England, designed by John Palmer.
* George Washington's sixteen-sided barn (16 sides), the earliest recorded barn of this type.
* The West Boston Bridge, connecting Boston's West End to Cambridgeport: it spans 180 piers, and is 3,483 feet (1,100 m) long.
* Puente Nuevo, Ronda, Spain, spanning the Tajo gorge between the old and new sections of the town, designed by Martín de Aldehuela and begun in 1751.
* Fort Pincastle, Nassau, Bahamas, built of native limestone, in the shape of an old paddle-wheel steamer: Fort Pincastle serves as a lighthouse for a quarter century until the lighthouse on Hog Island starts operating in 1817.

## Births

* March 23 – Vicko Andrić, Croatian architect (died 1866)
* December 16 – Frederik Ferdinand Friis, Danish architect, professor and Royal Building Inspector (died 1865)
* date unknown
** Thomas Parke, architect, builder, journalist and political figure in Upper Canada (died 1864)
** Richard Shackleton Pope, Bristol-based architect (died 1884)

## Deaths

* July 5 – Peter Anton von Verschaffelt, Flemish sculptor and architect (born 1710)
* July 27 - Nicolas Le Camus de Mézières, French architect (Bourse de Commerce) and author (born 1721)
* October 26 – Karl Blank, Russian Baroque and Neoclassical architect (born 1728)
# Promenesta lithochroma

Promenesta lithochroma is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by August Busck in 1914. It is found in Panama.
The wingspan is 12–13 mm. The forewings are light saffron without any markings, but with the edges and apical part slightly darker. The hindwings are light yellow.
# NetRexx

NetRexx is an open source, originally IBM's, variant of the REXX programming language to run on the Java virtual machine. It supports a classic REXX syntax, with no reserved keywords, along with considerable additions to support object-oriented programming in a manner compatible with Java's object model, yet can be used as both a compiled and an interpreted language, with an option of using only data types native to the JVM or the NetRexx runtime package. The latter offers the standard Rexx data type that combines string processing with unlimited precision decimal arithmetic.
Integration with the JVM platform is tight, and all existing Java class libraries can be used unchanged and without special setup; at the same time, a Java programmer can opt to just use the Rexx class from the runtime package for improved string handling in Java syntax source programs.
NetRexx is free to download from the Rexx Language Association. IBM announced the transfer of NetRexx 3.00 source code to the Rexx Language Association (RexxLA) on June 8, 2011.

## History

In 1995 Mike Cowlishaw ported Java to OS/2 and soon after started with an experiment to run REXX on the JVM. With REXX generally considered the first of the general purpose scripting languages, NetRexx is the first alternative language for the JVM. The 0.50 release, from April 1996, contained the NetRexx runtime classes and a translator written in REXX but tokenized and turned into an OS/2 executable. The 1.00 release came available in January 1997 and contained a translator bootstrapped to NetRexx.
Release 2.00 became available in August 2000 and was a major upgrade, in which interpreted execution was added.
Mike Cowlishaw left IBM in March 2010, and the future of IBM NetRexx as open source was unknown for a while. IBM finally announced the transfer of NetRexx source code to the Rexx Language Association (RexxLA) on June 8, 2011, 14 years after the v1.0 release.
IBM released the NetRexx source code to RexxLA under the ICU license. RexxLA shortly after released this as NetRexx 3.00 and has followed up with regular releases, with 4.01 (2021-03-20) adding Java Platform Module System support to support Java versions 9 and higher. As of 2018 the ICU license has not been approved by OSI; it appears to be a variant of the Expat License.

## Syntax

The syntax and object model of NetRexx differ from Object REXX, another IBM object-oriented variant of REXX which has been released as open source software. The successor ooREXX shares a few syntactical elements (LOOP, DO OVER) not found in classical REXX.
NetRexx is written in NetRexx and uses the decimal arithmetic of REXX specified in ANSI X3.274.
# Tennessee (Vivian Rorie song)

"Tennessee" by Vivian Rorie is one of several official state songs of the U.S. state of Tennessee, adopted in 1992.