OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Douglas Jr.

James Stuart Douglas (19 June 1868 – 2 January 1949), popularly known as Rawhide Jimmy, was a Canadian born, American businessman and mining executive.

## Early life

Douglas was the son of Canadian mining engineer and executive James Walter Douglas (1837–1918) and Naomi Eleanor Douglas (1838–1922). Born at Inverness, Quebec, Jimmy Douglas grew up in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, where his father managed the Chemical Copper Company. Douglas left home at 17 and moved west to Manitoba, where he homesteaded. Suffering from asthma, he moved to the Arizona Territory, in the United States, in the hope that the drier climate might provide relief.

## Career

He moved to Bisbee, Arizona at his father's request to work as an assayer for the Copper Queen Mine. His father had acquired an interest in the mine from the Phelps Dodge mining company.
In 1892 Douglas moved to Prescott to work for the Commercial Mining Company, an affiliate of the Phelps Dodge. Eight years later he was transferred to Sonora, Mexico, to manage the copper mine and smelter at Pilares and Nacozari; and directed construction of a railroad from Douglas, Arizona to Nacozari. While at Pilares, he acquired his nickname, "Rawhide Jimmy", because of his technique of using rawhide to protect the rollers on mining equipment. Afterward, he moved to Cananea, Sonora, to manage the copper operations there.

## UVX Mining Co.

In 1912, Douglas returned to central Arizona, where he took an option on the United Verde Extension (UVX) property, a speculative venture to find the down-faulted extension of the great "United Verde" ore body near Jerome, Arizona. In 1914, with funds near exhaustion, an exploration drift cut bonanza copper ore. The UVX mine started to produce a profit. The mine produced copper, silver, and gold valued at $10 million in 1916 alone, with a profit of $7.4 million. The UVX paid $55 million in dividends during its life (1915–1938), making Douglas a wealthy man.

## Personal life

James Douglas was married to Josephine Leah Williams (1872–1941). Their son, Lewis W. Douglas (1894–1974), also entered the mining business, went on to a successful political career as an Arizona Congressman from 1927 to 1933. He served as the Ambassador to the United Kingdom (1947–51). In 1939, Douglas retired to Quebec where he died of heart failure in 1949.

## Jerome State Historic Park

The Douglas Mansion is open to the public as the Jerome State Historic Park.
* Biography portal
# Beran

Beran may refer to:
* Beran, type of grape better known as Malbec
* Beran, Iran, village in Baryaji Rural District, Sardasht County, West Azerbaijan Province
* Beran (surname), Slavic surname
* Beran Bertuğ, Turkish politician
* Beran Selo, selo in Montenegro
# Bruno Sundman

Bruno Johannes (Bruno J.) Sundman (7 September 1920 – 7 August 2002) was a Finnish politician, born in Karis. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1951 to 1958, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He was a presidential elector in the 1956 Finnish presidential election.
# Bruno Stolorz

Bruno Stolorz (born 6 February 1955) is a former coach of the German national rugby union team.
Stolorz shared his duties as coach of Germany with Rudolf Finsterer until the later resignation on 20 March 2010. Stolorz was seconded to the German team by the Fédération française de rugby to improve Germany's performance in the sport and is also a coach with French club team RC Orléans, where he fulfills the position of a Conseiller sportif auprès. He took up his position with the German team in early 2008.
After the end of Germany's 2008-10 European Nation Cup campaign and Finsterers resignation the later stated that Stolorz would be the ideal candidate to coach Germany by himself. However, Stolorz was replaced with Torsten Schippe in July 2010, with South African Jakobus Potgieter as Schippes assistant.

## Coaching honours
### National team

* European Nations Cup - Division 2
** Champions: 2008
# Mitchell's Ford Entrenchments

The Mitchell's Ford Entrenchments are the remains of a Confederate Army defensive earthworks in Prince William County, Virginia. They are located off Old Centreville Road, overlooking what was historically called Mitchell's Ford, roughly where Old Centreville Road crosses Bull Run. These earthworks were occupied by Confederate troops defending the ford during the 1861 battles of Blackburn's Ford and First Bull Run. The area is now a local park managed by the local homeowner's association.
The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
# James Fair

James Fair may refer to:
* James G. Fair (1831–1894), U.S. senator and businessman
* James Fair (field hockey) (born 1981), English field hockey player
* James R. Fair (1920–2010), American chemical engineer
# Mitchell Kaplan

Mitchell Kaplan is an American musician, music director, songwriter, arranger and producer. He is best known as the Music Director for Sandra Bernhard and for alternative comedy company Un-cabaret. He has been featured as musical director in performances with Ana Gasteyer and Cady Huffman.

## Career

Kaplan began his career as a pianist and songwriter, writing songs for artists including Chaka Khan, Thelma Houston, Sister Sledge and Martika.
Kaplan has been the musical director for Sandra Bernhard since 1985.
He collaborated with Sofia Shinas on her self-titled 1992 Warner Bros album release as composer, mixer, and producer. He produced and co-wrote One Last Kiss.
Kaplan appeared in TV shows including Will & Grace, Roseanne, and The Tonight Show.

## Work with Sandra Bernhard

During the '80's "ball era", Kaplan met Sandra Bernhard. At the Beverly Theater in 1986 Kaplan accompanied Bernhard on keyboard and synthesizer on seven songs.
He collaborated with Bernhard on her Excuses for Bad Behavior, Pt. 1, her one-woman show "I'm Still Here...Damn It!" which was released as a live recording, as announcer, composer, keyboards, producer, and her Without You I'm Nothing. He produced and co-wrote You Make Me Feel (Mighty Real) for Excuses for Bad Behaviour Pt. 1.
Kaplan was the musical director for The Sandra Bernhard Experience.
Kaplan wrote Miracle of Lights with Sandra Bernhard.

## UnCabaret and work with Beth Lapides

Kaplan met Beth Lapides while Lapides was writing 100% Happy 88% of the Time.
They began working together and added music to the show. They were offered a room to play in downtown LA near First and Hope Streets. Kaplan suggested UnCabaret. They added music and put on their first UnCabaret show together.
Kaplan and Lapides celebrated the 25th Anniversary of UnCabaret on November 18, 2018, at the Theatre at Ace Hotel, under the auspices of CAP/UCLA.
Uncabaret continued during the pandemic as a live-stream comedy show on zoom.
# James K. Bates

James K. Bates (June 24, 1806, in Windham County, Connecticut – June 30, 1872, in Watertown, Jefferson County, New York) was an American physician and politician from New York.

## Life

He was the son of James Bates and Linda (Fairbanks) Bates (b. 1781). He married Serena L. Massey and they had three children.
He was an Inspector of State Prisons from 1861 to 1866, elected in 1860 on the Republican ticket, and in 1863 on the Union ticket.

## Sources

* The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough, Stephen C. Hutchins and Edgar Albert Werner (1867; pages 411 and 536)
* Archived 2014-10-13 at the Wayback Machine Bates genealogy, at Family Origins [gives Thompson, Connecticut as birthplace]
* Genealogy of the Fairbanks Family in America, 1633-1897 by Lorenzo Sayles Fairbanks (Printed for the author by the American Print. and Engraving Co., 1897)
* The Growth of a Century: As Illustrated in the History of Jefferson County, New York, from 1793 to 1894 by John A Haddock & Eli Thayer (Weed-Parsons Printing Company, 1894) [gives Killingly, Connecticut as birthplace]
* Death notice of his daughter Frances J. Bates, aged 20, in NYT on December 25, 1856
# George FitzRoy

George FitzRoy may refer to:
* George FitzRoy, Duke of Northumberland (1665–1716)
* George FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton (1760–1844)
* George FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (1715–1747)
# George FitzRoy Seymour

George Fitzroy Seymour (Witley 8 February 1923 – Thrumpton 12 May 1994) was High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire in 1966 and Deputy Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire.

## Family

He was the son of Richard Sturgis Seymour and Lady Victoria Alexandrina Mabel FitzRoy. He was educated at Winchester College.
He married Hon. Rosemary Nest Scott-Ellis, daughter of Thomas Scott-Ellis, 8th Baron Howard de Walden and Margherita van Raalte, on 1 June 1946. This marriage produced two children
* Miranda Jane Seymour (b. 8 Aug 1948)
* Thomas Oliver Seymour (b. 20 Oct 1952)

## Career

He spent much of his life working for the preservation of Thrumpton Hall, his home in Thrumpton, Nottinghamshire. He had moved here when he was one, in 1924. His diplomat father had been posted to La Paz in Bolivia and George's mother went too. Her brother-in-law was the 10th Lord Byron. Although he moved back to his family when they returned to London 18 months later, he spent his holidays here. At the age of 13, he was writing school essays about life as a squire – or a squarson.
He fought in the Second World War between 1941 and 1942, with the King's Royal Rifle Corps (60th Rifles), and was invalided.
After his uncle's death in 1949, with heavy death-duties Seymour was compelled to buy the house he had expected to inherit and, in a country auction, as many of its contents as he could afford. He borrowed £50,000, (equivalent to £2,231,331 as of 2023) and by selling the majority of the estate, paid it back within the year.
He held the office of High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire for 1966–67. He was a Justice of the Peace for Nottinghamshire for over 30 years. He had been the longest-serving member on the Council of the Magistrates' Association and between 1975 and 1978 he served as chairman of the association's Juvenile Courts Committee. He also held the office of Deputy Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire.
He was a great supporter, benefactor and President of Thrumpton Village Cricket club from 1949. He was also a member of Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club and Marylebone Cricket Club, but the village club enjoyed much of his time amidst a wide variety of public duties. When the Thrumpton club lost its ground on Church Lane at the end of 1967, he offered the use of his park and since 1968 the ground has been one of the most picturesque in the County.
He is posthumously the subject of the book Thrumpton Hall: A Memoir of Life in My Father’s House written by his daughter, Miranda Seymour.
# James Gill (columnist)

James Gill (born c. 1942) is a writer and a columnist from the United Kingdom.
Born in Hertfordshire and growing up in Essex, Gill emigrated to the United States in 1977. He met his first wife while residing in Kentucky, researching for his second book. They then moved to New Orleans, Louisiana inspired by Gill’s passion for jazz.
Gill worked for the Times-Picayune, in New Orleans, before joining the staff of The Advocate. He has written books about the Mardi Gras celebration.
Like John Maginnis and Jeff Crouere, Gill has made a career of lampooning Louisiana political figures. When he does go after public officials in other states or nations, he often compares them to public figures in Louisiana. Gill has a loyal readership in the circulation area of the Times-Picayune.
One of Gill's major topics in late 2008 and early 2009 was U.S. Representative Joseph Cao, who ousted indicted incumbent William J. Jefferson in Louisiana's 2nd congressional district—and related issues such as the New Orleans e-mail controversies and repercussions related to City Councilwoman Stacy Head. In April 2009, Gill championed of the use of unstaffed cameras to photograph and ticket motorists who ignore red lights.
Gill is the author of several books. His first book, published in 1975, is titled Racecourses of Great Britain, and contains insight into many of the horse racing grounds in the country. His second focused on the topic of breeding horses and is called Bloodstock: Breeding Winners in Europe and America, published in 1977. Published in 1997, his Lords of Misrule: Mardi Gras and the Politics of Race in New Orleans was the first book to examine the role of Mardi Gras in New Orleans' political and social development as well as the first to analyze racial segregation in the krewes, which produce the annual parades.
# Caner Toptaş

Caner Toptaş (born 14 August 2001) is a Turkish weightlifter. He won the silver medal in the 62 kg event at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics held in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
At the 2017 European Junior & U23 Weightlifting Championships held in Durrës, Albania, he won the silver medal in the men's 56 kg event. In 2019, he won the gold medal in the men's 61 kg event at the Junior World Weightlifting Championships held in Suva, Fiji.
# Matoba

Matoba may refer to:
* Matoba (surname), a Japanese surname
* Matoba Station, a railway station in Kawagoe, Saitama Prefecture, Japan
* Matoba Dam, a dam in Maharashtra, India
# Brian Killeen

Brian Alexander Killeen (13 April 1911 — 9 March 1993) was a New Zealand rugby union international.
Killeen, known as "Shorty", was born in Wellington and educated at Wellington College.
Primarily a second five eighth, Killeen was an attacking player who started out in the Hutt third grade team, from where he was spotted by Bert Cooke and got promoted straight into the firsts. He played provincial rugby for Wellington until moving to Auckland in 1935, making an immediate impression with four tries on debut against Waikato.
In 1936, Killeen gained an All Blacks cap against the Wallabies at Athletic Park, Wellington.
Killeen, who captained Auckland against the touring Springboks in 1937, was a bank employee and due to work transfers represented a further two unions, Taranaki in 1939 and Golden Bay-Motueka from 1940 to 1941.
# Macau at the 2017 Summer Universiade

Macau participated at the 2017 Summer Universiade, in Taipei, Taiwan.

## Medal summary
### Medal by sports

Medals by sport :
| Sport | | | | Total |
| Wushu | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Total | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |

## Medalists
### Official Sports

| Medal | Athlete(s) | Sport | Event | Date |
| Gold | Li Yi | Wushu | Women's Taolu Changquan | 27 Aug |
| Gold | Li Yi | Wushu | Women's Taolu Jianshu & Qiangshu | 29 Aug |
# Kathy McCord (album)

Kathy McCord is the debut album by American singer Kathy McCord, released in 1970, the first album issued on Creed Taylor's CTI Records. The album has been re-issued on CD twice: in 1999 in Japan as Rainbow Ride and in 2011 in South Korea as Kathy McCord, both CD reissues were released without the artist's approval. However, in 2010 the whole album was included on compilation New Jersey to Woodstock, collecting 1968's single "I'll Give My Heart To You"/"I'll Never Be Alone Again" and some of her 1970s recordings.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Kathy McCord, unless otherwise noted

## Personnel

* Kathy McCord – vocals
* Hubert Laws – flute
* Paul Harris – piano, organ
* John Hall – guitar
* Harvey Brooks – bass
* Willis Kelly – drums
* Ed Shaughnessy – drums, tabla
* Don Sebesky – string and brass arrangements

## Release history

List of release dates, showing country, record label, and format :
| Region | Date | Label | Catalog Number | Format |
| Original issues |||||
| USA | March 1970 | CTI Records | CTI 1001 | LP |
| Spain | 1971 | CTI Records | TCS 4004 | LP |
| Japan | 1971 | CTI Records | SR-3302 | LP |
| Re-issues |||||
| Japan | August 15, 1999 | Vivid Sound | VSCD 728 | CD |
| South Korea | June 24, 2011 | Media Arte | MI0042 | CD |
# Byres Castle

Byres Castle was a castle located at Byres, in East Lothian, Scotland.
The castle was a stronghold of the Lindsay family, known as Lord Lindsay of the Byres. It was the caput of the Barony of Byres. No remains of the castle exist above ground. An old farm building is incorrectly known as the castle.
# Halomeniinae

Halomeniinae is a subfamily of cavibelonian solenogasters, shell-less, worm-like mollusks.
Halomenia is the only genus in this subfamily.
# Homalopoma sanguineum

Homalopoma sanguineum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Colloniidae.

## Description

The shell is very small, its length measuring 3.5 – 4 mm and it is 6.5 mm wide. The small, very solid, shell has a depressed, orbicular shape with a conic spire. The 4½-5 whorls are convex and strongly spirally lirate. These lirae are smooth, about twelve in number on the body whorl, three on penultimate whorl, not perceptibly crenulated by the very subtle incremental stride. Above the lirae are coarse, smooth, and generally irregularly spaced. The interstices are smooth, as wide or wider than the ribs. Below they become more finely lirate The body whorl is well rounded and deflected anteriorly. The rounded aperture somewhat contracted, oblique, and pearly white within. The peristome is rather thick, its ends not converging. The columella is short, slightly arcuate, thick and heavy. It terminates below in an obtuse tubercle. The base of the deep crimson aperture bears sometimes an inconspicuous dentiform callus at its margin.

## Habitat and distribution

This herbivorous snail lives on rocks and other surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. It feeds on algae.
# Grassfire transform

In image processing, the grassfire transform is the computation of the distance from a pixel to the border of a region. It can be described as "setting fire" to the borders of an image region to yield descriptors such as the region's skeleton or medial axis. Harry Blum introduced the concept in 1967.

## Motivation

A region's skeleton can be a useful descriptor, because it describes things such as the symmetry of the region as well as subparts, depressions and protrusions. It also provides a way of relating the interior of a region to the shape of the boundary. In the grassfire transform, the skeleton forms at the points in the region where the "fires" meet. In the literature this is described as the locus of meeting waveforms.
Another advantage of using the outcome of the grassfire transform as a descriptor is that it is invertible. Assuming information about when the medial axis or skeleton is created by meeting waveforms is kept, then the skeleton can be restored by radiating outward.

## Example algorithm

The algorithm below is a simple two pass method for computing the Manhattan distance from the border of a region. Of course there are several other algorithms for performing the grassfire transform.
Below is the result of this transform. It is important to note that the most intense lines make up the skeleton.
| Source image | Result image |

## Applications

The grassfire transform can be abstracted to suit a variety of computing problems. It has been shown that it can be extended beyond the context of images to arbitrary functions. This includes applications in energy minimization problems such as those handled by the Viterbi algorithm, max-product belief propagation, resource allocation, and in optimal control methods.
It can also be used to compute the distance between regions by setting the background to be as a region.
# Greek Baths in ancient Olympia

The Greek Baths in ancient Olympia are the earliest baths in the sanctuary and they are situated on the west side, outside the sacred enclosure of the Altis, near the bank of the river Kladeos. They were constructed during the 5th century B.C. and continued to develop throughout their use. In the 2nd century A.D. they were used as the foundation for the construction of the Kladeos Baths. They are called Greek Baths in order to distinguish them from the baths of the Roman period at the same area.
The initial simple building with the well was gradually transformed into a luxurious space with more complex architecture and ample decorations and mosaics. In the Roman period, the water supply and drainage systems were perfected. There were both hot and cold baths, as was common in training areas and sport competition venues.
The Greek baths were built to service the needs of the athletes, since they used them to wash after training or after the Ancient Olympic Games. In those days, athletes would rub their body with oil and then throw dust on it during training, in order to improve their performance. This was a time-consuming process, but it was necessary and followed a certain ritual. The cleaning of their body after training sessions and sport competitions was very important for the athletes. First, they used the strigil to scrape the oils and dust off their bodies. Then, they were massaged to soothe the nervous system. The last part was the ‘cleansing’ of the body and soul with water.
# Census family

In the Canadian census, families consisting of a married couple and children are referred to as Census Families. The US Census Bureau refers to such household structures as "Married couple families." This demographic features the highest median household income in the United States.
According to the 2021 definition by Statistics Canada, the term "census family":
   Census family is defined as a married couple and the children, if any, of either and/or both spouses; a couple living common law and the children, if any, of either and/or both partners; or a parent of any marital status in a one-parent family with at least one child living in the same dwelling and that child or those children. All members of a particular census family live in the same dwelling. Children may be biological or adopted children regardless of their age or marital status as long as they live in the dwelling and do not have their own married spouse, common-law partner or child living in the dwelling. Grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present also constitute a census family.
This definition follows the standards outlined by the Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses outlined by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.