OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bill Hall Trail

The Bill Hall Trail is a hiking trail in Grand Canyon National Park, located in the U.S. state of Arizona.

## Access

The trail begins at Monument Point along the north rim of the canyon on the boundary of the National Park, about 20 miles (32 km) west of the park services at North Rim, Arizona. Access to the trailhead is over 35 miles (56 km) of forest roads made of graded dirt, and a four-wheel drive vehicle is recommended for travel in the area. When roads are dry the trailhead can be accessed by a passenger car.

## Description

From the dirt parking lot at the trailhead, the trail heads west and dips below the rim into the park. The trail makes several short, steep switchbacks during its descent through the upper canyon rock layers. In the Coconino Sandstone, the trail is at its steepest. There are numerous boulders, some very large, that require care to detour around or climb over. Some portions of this descent may require lowering of backpacks prior to downclimbing.
After 2 miles (3 km) of steep descent, the trail levels off along the Esplanade Sandstone until the junction with the Thunder River Trail. This junction marks the lower terminus of the trail.
The trail is named for Bill Hall who was a seasonal park ranger on the North Rim who was killed in the line of duty (automobile accident) in 1979.
# Billy Simpson (jockey)

William Henry Simpson (c. 1840 – 5 March 1873) was a prominent jockey in the early days of South Australia, who has been called "the colonial Chifney" and "the Fred Archer of South Australia".

## History

Simpson was taught to ride by the noted trainer William Malcolm (c. 1813 – 25 November 1858) of "Wymondbury" at The Reedbeds, and was riding professionally when quite young. For some years he was employed by the Fisher brothers, then after they stopped racing was hired by other owners, among them Gabriel Bennett, Richard Holland and Thomas Ryan, and probably had more successes than any other contemporary jockey.
On 30 December 1864 during the first heat for the Ladies' Purse at Thebarton, Simpson was riding J. Filgate's horse "Bacchus", and soon after the start the horse ran close to one of the posts, and Simpson was thrown violently to the ground. It was believed Simpson lost concentration while looking around to see how his younger brother, aspiring jockey George Simpson (perhaps the George W. Simpson who was later Starter with Broken Hill Jockey Club), was faring. At first it was feared he had been killed, however he survived, but was forced to quit riding thoroughbreds, and took to training, and soon his services were in high demand. It was while fulfilling such a contract in Mount Gambier that he died of a lung infection.
Red haired and of ruddy complexion, Simpson was a model rider in every respect; fearless, determined, dependable and thoroughly trustworthy. Of a quiet disposition, his self-control gave him a great advantage when in the saddle. He was a splendid judge of horses, and as a trainer he was much sought after.
# Billy McEwan

Billy McEwan may refer to:
* Billy McEwan (footballer, born 1914) (1914–1991), Scottish footballer
* Billy McEwan (footballer, born 1951) (1951–2022), Scottish footballer and manager
# Billy McGhie

Billy McGhie may refer to:
* Billy McGhie (footballer, born 1958), Scottish professional footballer
* Billy McGhie (footballer, born 1961), Scottish professional footballer and manager
# Hemelveerdegem

Hemelveerdegem is a village and borough which makes up part of the municipality of Lierde in the Denderstreek in the Belgian province of East Flanders. The village and estate were ruled from 1752 by the armigerous Boelare family.

## Overview

The village was first mentioned around 963 as Ermfredeghe. In 1752, the village became part of the barony of Boelare. In 1977, the municipality was merged into Lierde.
The Saint John the Baptist Church mainly dates from the 18th century, however some parts have been estimated to originate from the 14th to 16th century. The reredos (altar piece) dates from the early 16th century, and is considered a masterpiece of wood work. The church has been designated a protected monument in 1969.
The village's coat of arms shows a beehive with a lion behind it. The arms were granted on 4 August 1818 and were confirmed on 7 September 1928.
# Hemihegetotherium

Hemihegetotherium is an extinct genus of hegetotheriid notoungulate that lived from the Middle to the Late Miocene of what is now Argentina.

## Description

It was a medium-sized animal and had long legs. Although not as those of modern lagomorphs, to which it was, in other regards, superficially similar. Like some of its relatives, the first pair of incisors of Hemihegetotherium was large, and it had simplified but high-crowned (hypsodont) molars and premolars. The structure of those teeth were so simplified in Hemihegetotherium that they consisted of simply a curved cylinder of enamel filled with dentin ; compared to Hegetotherium, the molars were more convex, with a semi-elliptical section. However, those teeth had pointed cusps along their outer margin. Hemihegetotherium had a tibia and fibula solidly fused together in their extremities, both distal and proximal.

## Classification

The genus Hemihegetotherium was first described in 1914 by Gaetano Rovereto, based on fossil remains discovered in the Las Floras Formation (San Juan Province, Argentina) ; the type species is Hemihegetotherium achataleptum. The other species are H. torresi, from the Late Miocene of Argentina, and H. trilobus, from the Middle Miocene of Quebrada Honda in Bolivia, this last species distinguished from the other species of the genus by the presence of a trilobed third lower molar, hence its species name. H. tantillum, described in 2019, shared similarities with H. trilobus, and was found in Patagonia.
Hemihegetotherium was a member of Hegetotheriidae (hence its generic name, meaning "half Hegetotherium"), a group of usually small notoungulates with the superficial appearance of rodents or hares. Hemihegetotherium was similar but less specialized than the eponymous genus Hegetotherium.

## Paleoecology

Hemihegetotherium was a terrestrial herbivore, probably consumming low and particularly fibrous plants, both in open and forested areas. The limbs of Hemihegetotherium may have been suitable both for running and digging.
# Hemihelix

A hemihelix is a curved geometric shape consisting of a series of helices with alternating chirality, connected by a perversion at the reversals.
The formation of hemihelices with periodic distributions of perversions in slender structures is understood in terms of competing buckling instabilities generated by in-plane stresses.
# BindingDB

BindingDB
is a public, web-accessible database of measured binding affinities, focusing chiefly on the interactions of proteins considered to be candidate drug-targets with ligands that are small, drug-like molecules. As of March, 2011, BindingDB contains about 650,000 binding data, for 5,700 protein targets and 280,000 small molecules. BindingDB also includes a small collection of host–guest binding data of interest to chemists studying supramolecular systems.
The purpose of BindingDB is to support medicinal chemistry and drug discovery via literature awareness and development of structure-activity relations (SAR and QSAR); validation of computational chemistry and molecular modelling approaches such as docking, scoring and free energy methods; chemical biology and chemical genomics; and basic studies of the physical chemistry of molecular recognition.
The data collection derives from a variety of measurement techniques, including enzyme inhibition and kinetics, isothermal titration calorimetry, NMR, and radioligand and competition assays. BindingDB includes data extracted from the scientific literature by the BindingDB project, selected PubChem confirmatory BioAssays, and ChEMBL entries for which a well-defined protein target ("TARGET_TYPE='PROTEIN'") is provided.

## History and Funding

The BindingDB project was conceived in the mid-1990s, based upon recognition of the broad value of quantitative affinity data and the inadequacy of journal articles as a means of making these data accessible. A NIST-sponsored workshop in September 1997 validated the concept, and funding from the NSF and NIST enabled initial development of the database with a collection of data for systems of many types, including protein-ligand, protein-protein, and host–guest binding. However, hopes that the database would be populated primarily through depositions by experimentalists were not borne out, and it became clear that the project would have to take responsibility for extracting data from the literature. Given the vastness of the molecular recognition literature and limitations in available resources, this meant that creating a useful database would require limiting attention to a well-defined set of high-value binding data.
The decision was taken to focus on binding data for small molecules with proteins that are drug-targets, or potential drug-targets, and for which the three-dimensional structure is available in the PDB or can potentially be modeled to high accuracy based upon the structure of a similar protein. This choice would aid drug-discovery for the selected targets, as well as the development of both ligand-based and structure-based methods of computational ligand-design. This is the current focus of BindingDB, which is led by Michael Gilson, based at UC San Diego's Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and supported by a grant from the NIH.

## Capabilities

BindingDB's web-interface provides a range of browsing, query and data download tools. These include browsing by the name of a protein Target or by journal citation, query by chemical similarity and substructure, and downloads by target or query result.
# Heliothis sturmhoefeli

Heliothis sturmhoefeli is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in South America, including Brazil.
# Heliothis sublimis

Heliothis sublimis is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Emilio Berio in 1962. It is found in Africa, including South Africa.
# Bingou

Bingou is a village in the Bamingui-Bangoran Prefecture in the northern Central African Republic.
# Helga Lekamens Gränd

Helga Lekamens Gränd (Swedish: "Alley of the Holy Body") is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden. Connecting Västerlånggatan to Stora Nygatan, it forms a parallel street to Stora Gråmunkegränd and Göran Hälsinges Gränd.

## History

The alley is mentioned as Helge lycama grendh in 1505, named after Helga Lekamens gille, "Guild of the Holy Body of Christ", during the Middle Ages the biggest guild in Sweden, appearing in historical records in the 14th century and known to count royalties among its members.
The accounts of the guild from the 15th and 16th centuries is still an important historical source offering glimpses of the Medieval era. While many such charity alliances were named after the Body of Christ, the guild in question apparently fell into oblivion following the Reformation, as the name of the alley was shortened to Lekamegränden in the early 17th century, to be renamed Lilla Gråmunkegränd ("Smaller Greyfriars Alley") in 1722. To avoid confusion the old historical name was however resumed in 1922.
# Bipunctiphorus nigroapicalis

Bipunctiphorus nigroapicalis is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is known from the Galápagos Islands and Venezuela.
The wingspan is 11–15 mm. Adults are on wing from January to April and in September and October.

## Etymology

The name is derived from the dark apex of its forewing lobes.
# Billy Madin

William Madin was an English footballer who played for Sheffield United as a forward Signed in 1889 from Staveley he had answered United's advert in the local press asking for players to form a club, although he stayed with the Bramall Lane side for just their inaugural season which consisted mainly of friendly fixtures. Madin played three games for the Blades in the FA Cup, including their heaviest ever defeat; a 13–0 loss to Bolton Wanderers in February 1890. Madin left Bramall Lane not long after and returned to his former club Stavely before finishing his career with Eckington.
# Helga Lütten

Helga Lütten (born 27 July 1961) is a German former professional tennis player.
A right-handed player from Hamburg, Lütten was a junior quarter-finalist at the 1979 Wimbledon Championships.
During the early 1980s she competed on the professional tour and qualified for the main draw of one grand slam tournament, the 1981 Australian Open, where she was beaten in the first round by Betty Stöve.
She is now known by her married name Helga Nauck and plays on the ITF senior's circuit. In 2017 she won the World Championships for the 55 and over category.
# Biretwo

Biretwo is a settlement in Kenya's Elgeyo Marakwet County.

## Ethnicity

The people of the Rift Valley are a mesh work of different tribal identities, and the Kalenjin and the Maasai are two of the best known ethnic groups. Most of Kenya's top runners comes from the Kalenjin community. The Maasai people have the most recognizable cultural identity, both nationally and internationally, and serve as Kenya's international cultural symbol.
# Biretz

Biretz, also known as “electoral cloth”, was a double cloth with a twill pattern on one side and a cord pattern on the other. It was a reversible construction. Biretz was made from wool, silk or other wool combinations. The material was used to make dresses.

## Empress cloth

There were napped, and corded variants also, called Empress cloth named after Empress Eugenia.
# Ibar Rocks

The Ibar Rocks are two rocks located 0.4 kilometres (0.2 nmi) east of Bonert Rock and 1 kilometre (0.6 nmi) southeast of Canto Point, Greenwich Island, in the South Shetland Islands. The names "Islote Ibar" and "Islote Teniente Ibar" appearing on Chilean hydrographic charts in the 1950s refer to the larger and western rock. The recommended name "Ibar Rocks" includes a submerged outlier to the northeast of the larger rock. Teniente (lieutenant) Mario Ibar P. signed the official act of inauguration of the Chilean Captain Arturo Prat Base on Greenwich Island in 1947.
# John Gardner

John Gardner may refer to:

## Arts and literature

* John Gardner (American writer) (1933–1982), American novelist and educator, author of Grendel
* John Gardner (British writer) (1926–2007), British author of spy and mystery novels, former official James Bond author
* John Gardner (composer) (1917–2011), British composer
* John Lowell Gardner (1837–1898), patron of the arts
* John Gardner (boat builder) (1905–1995), American nautical historian

## Law, education and government
### United States

* John Gardner (Rhode Island governor) (1697–1764), deputy governor, Colony of Rhode Island
* John Gardner (Continental Congress) (1747–1808), farmer, Rhode Island delegate to Continental Congress
* John A. Gardner, American physicist and developer of Gardner–Salinas braille codes
* John Fentress Gardner (1912–1998), American author and educator
* John J. Gardner (1845–1921), politician representing New Jersey in the House of Representatives, 1885 to 1893
* John W. Gardner (1912–2002), U.S. Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare during the Great Society
* John P. Gardner (1922–1994), judge and politician in South Carolina

### Elsewhere

* John Gardner (Australian politician) (born 1979), Australian Liberal Party MP for the South Australian seat of Morialta since 2010
* John Gardner (legal philosopher) (1965–2019), formerly professor of jurisprudence at the University of Oxford, England, UK
* John Dunn Gardner (1811–1903), British Member of Parliament, 1841 to 1847

## Sport

* John L. Gardner (boxer) (born 1953), British boxer
* John Gardner (footballer) (born 1946), Australian rules footballer
* John Gardner (rugby union) (1870–1909), New Zealand rugby union player
* John Gardner (tennis), Australian tennis player

## Others

* John Gardner, known as Akshay Anand, Indian actor of British origin
* John Gardner (minister) (1809–1899), Presbyterian minister in South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria
* John Gardner (Texas Ranger) (1845–1926), Texas Ranger, cowboy, Indian fighter and trail boss
* John Albert Gardner (born 1979), American double murderer
* John D. Gardner, lieutenant general in the U.S. Army
* John L. Gardner (brigadier general) (1793–1869), brigadier general in the US Army
* John Twiname Gardner (1854–1914), English doctor and composer
# Beverly Armstrong

Beverly Armstrong [Steuert] (born September 27, 1934) is an American former female pitcher who played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. She batted and threw right-handed. Sometimes she is credited as Bev Steuert.
A native of Maywood, New Jersey, Armstrong began to play at age 10 in the backyard with her father, a semi-professional baseball player who taught her how to pitch and knew all about the baseball game. She later developed a strong fastball and a decent curve.
Armstrong entered the league in 1952 with the Rockford Peaches, pitching for them in that season while she was still in high school. She posted a 4–1 record in six starts and three relief appearances. Managed by Bill Allington, the Peaches featured top-notch players as Eleanor Callow, Rose Gacioch, Carol Habben, Alice Pollitt and Ruth Richard. The team advanced to the playoffs, only to lose in the first round to the Fort Wayne Daisies.
Unfortunately, in 1953 Armstrong injured an ankle midway through her second season. Due to the AAGPBL folding in 1954, before she had a chance to really play, Armstrong went on to play basketball and softball. She later married and raised three children.
In November 1988, the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown, New York dedicated a permanent display to the entire league. She currently lives in Kernersville, North Carolina.

## Sources

* ↑ "All-American Girls Professional Baseball League – Beverly Armstrong". Retrieved 2019-03-25.
* ↑ Encyclopedia of Women and Baseball - Leslie A. Heaphy, Mel Anthony May. Publisher: McFarland & Company, 2006. Format: Paperback, 438pp. Language: English. ISBN 0-7864-2100-2
* ↑ Heaphy, Leslie A.; and May, Mel Anthony. Encyclopedia of women and baseball, p. 276. McFarland & Company, 2006. ISBN 0-7864-2100-2. Accessed February 10, 2011.
* 1 2 "A Life of Baseball - Article by Wayne Thompson". Archived from the original on 2011-07-17.
* ↑ All-American Girls Professional Baseball League History. Retrieved 2019-03-25.
* ↑ 1952 Rockford Peaches. Retrieved 2019-03-25.
* ↑ Encyclopedia of Women and Baseball
* ↑ The Celebrity Black Book 2010 – Jordan Mcauley. Publisher: Mega Niche Media, 2009. Format: Paperback, 814pp. Language: English. ISBN 1-60487-014-1
# Moranville Township, Roseau County, Minnesota

Moranville Township is a township in Roseau County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 940 at the 2000 census.
Moranville Township was named for Patrick W. Moran, a pioneer settler.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.5 square miles (91.9 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 940 people, 303 households, and 257 families residing in the township. The population density was 26.5 inhabitants per square mile (10.2/km$^2$). There were 326 housing units at an average density of 9.2/sq mi (3.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 97.87% White, 1.28% Native American, 0.11% Asian, and 0.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.32% of the population.
There were 303 households, out of which 50.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 75.6% were married couples living together, 4.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.9% were non-families. 13.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.40.
In the township the population was spread out, with 35.9% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 18.8% from 45 to 64, and 7.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.4 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $41,094, and the median income for a family was $46,071. Males had a median income of $29,464 versus $22,813 for females. The per capita income for the township was $14,975. About 6.7% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 22.7% of those age 65 or over.
# Jersey City Police Memorial

The Jersey City Police Memorial is a tribute to the fallen officers of Jersey City Police Department located on Montgomery Street near City Hall in Jersey City, New Jersey.

## Statue

The work was created in 1936 by Archimedes Giacomantonio. The 7 ft (2.1 m) polished bronze and iron statue depicts a police office standing in uniform with his right hand on his holster and his left holding his jacket lapel. The figure is a composite of two Jersey City officers who modelled for the artist.

## Bayview Cemetery

The work was originally installed in Bayview – New York Bay Cemetery in 1936 in a dedication ceremony led by Mayor of Jersey City Frank Hague. A granite cube 4 feet square pedestal is inscribed "IN MEMORY OF THE DECEASED MEMBERS OF THE JERSEY CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT ERECTED BY THEIR COMRADES 1936 FRANK HAGUE MAYOR THOMAS J. WOLFE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC SAFETY".
In 1961 the statue was stolen and retrieved. In 1975, the memorial was again stolen. It was cut into pieces and almost sold for scrap. The pieces were found in various locations.

## City Hall

The statue was restored by the original artist and relocated to new pedestal built at new site at the rear side of Jersey City City Hall and rededicated in 1976. On the mortared stone pedestal: "IN MEMORY OF DECEASED MEMBERS OF THE JERSEY CITY POLICE".
# Black Eyes

Black Eyes or Blackeyes may refer to:
* Black Eyes (band), a punk band from Washington, D.C.
* Black Eyes (1936 film), a 1936 film directed by Abdolhossein Sepanta
* Black Eyes (1939 film), a 1939 film directed by Herbert Brenon
* "Black Eyes" (Bradley Cooper song), a 2018 song by Bradley Cooper from A Star Is Born
* "Black Eyes" (Snowden song)
* Colors of the Blind, a 1997 Chinese film sometimes referred to as Black Eyes
* "Dark Eyes" (Russian song) or "Black Eyes", a Russian folk song
* Black Eyes (EP), a 2011 extended play by T-ara
* Blackeyes, a 1987 novel written by Dennis Potter
* Blackeyes (TV series), a 1989 television series based on the above