OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Lyons (linguist)

Sir John Lyons FBA (23 May 1932 – 12 March 2020) was a British linguist, working on semantics.

## Education

John Lyons was born and brought up in Stretford, Lancashire (now in Trafford). He was initially educated at St Ann's RC School, Stretford, before he won a scholarship to St Bede's College, Manchester, joining in September 1943. In July 1950, Lyons progressed to Christ's College, Cambridge, where he took a degree in Classics in 1953 and a Diploma in Education in 1954.

## Life and career

After doing his national service in the navy for two years, studying Russian as a coder (special), and commissioned as a midshipman, he returned to Cambridge as a PhD student in 1956. His supervisor was W. Sidney Allen. The following year he was made a lecturer at the School of Oriental and African Studies. He was also awarded a one-year Rockefeller Scholarship to Yale, but declined for the more opportunistic academic position in linguistics that was rare in those days in Britain. Lyons moved from Cambridge to SOAS in London, where R. H. Robins was his PhD supervisor. In the summer of 1960, Lyons went to Indiana University to work in a machine translation project; he was chosen because of his expertise in Russian and linguistics. It was at Indiana, in a post-Bloomfieldean milieu, where Lyons gave courses on general linguistics.
In 1961, he returned to Christ's College, where he taught until 1964. Between 1965 and 1969, he was the founder editor of the Journal of Linguistics. From 1964 to 1984, he was professor of linguistics at the universities of Edinburgh and Sussex. He was master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge for 15 years, before retiring in 2000; he was an honorary fellow at the college.
Lyons' introductory texts are Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics, Chomsky, Semantics, and Linguistic Semantics.
He was the creator of a constructed language called Bongo-Bongo, which he created as a teaching tool for his linguistics students.
Upon retirement in 2000 he moved to France. He died on 12 March 2020.

## Honours

He was knighted in 1987 "for services to the study of linguistics".
In 2016, he was awarded the Neil and Saras Smith Medal for Linguistics by the British Academy "for his outstanding lifetime contribution to the field of linguistics".

## Selected works

* Structural Semantics (1963)
* Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics (1968)
* Noam Chomsky (Fontana Modern Masters, 1970)
* New Horizons in Linguistics (1970) (as editor)
* Semantics (1977)
* Language and Linguistics (1981)
* Language, Meaning and Context (1981)
* New Horizons in Linguistics 2 (1987) (as co-editor)
* Natural Language and Universal Grammar (1991)
* Linguistic Semantics: An introduction (1995)
# Celina Hinchcliffe

Celina Alexandra Hinchcliffe (born 21 March 1976 in Windsor, Berkshire) is an English television sports broadcaster. She has worked for BBC, Sky News and ITV.

## Early life

Hinchcliffe is the daughter of television producer Philip Hinchcliffe and her uncle is the actor Geoffrey Whitehead. She was educated at the independent Sir William Perkins's School in Chertsey, and then gained a BA in Drama and English from the University of Birmingham in 1997.

## Career

Hinchcliffe initially worked with various theatre companies.

### BBC

Hinchcliffe got her first break in broadcasting in 2001 at BBC Southern Counties Radio, reporting on the likes of Crawley Town and Lewes. At around the same time, she also appeared on the BBC One game show Dog Eat Dog. From there, she worked as a reporter on African Football for the BBC World Service, and then at BBC Radio 5 Live.
In the summer of 2002, she joined BBC News and BBC World News as a sports presenter. In 2005, she fronted BBC Two's live coverage of England's matches in the women's European football championship. On 21 January 2006, she became the first woman to present BBC One's Saturday lunchtime show Football Focus. In 2005 she was the first woman to present Match of the Day. In 2006, she presented BBC Three's coverage of some England's qualifiers for the FIFA Women's World Cup 2007. In 2008, she also appeared on the BBC 8pm News summary, while usual presenter Ellie Crisell was on maternity leave. In light of BBC Sport presentation moving to MediaCityUK in Salford, Hinchcliffe made her final on-air presentation on the BBC on 21 February 2012, presented with her favourite chocolate cake by the floor manager.

### Sky News

Hinchcliffe joined Sky News in March 2012 and began presenting sports bulletins for them from January 2013.

### Freelance

As a freelancer, she covers the French Open tennis for ITV alongside John Inverdale.

## Personal life

Hinchcliffe married in May 2009, and gave birth to a son the following year. She suffered from post-natal depression but recovered after receiving counselling. She had her second son in 2013.
Hinchcliffe lists her interests as film, theatre, and live music. She is also a supporter of Sheffield Wednesday.
# Ce language

The Ce (Che) language, Kuce (Kuche), is a regionally important Plateau language of Nigeria. It is also known by the name of its native district in Plateau State, Rukuba.
# Great Astrolabe Reef

The Great Astrolabe Reef is in Fiji and surrounds the fourth largest island, Kadavu Island, which is approximately 65 km in length. Kadavu Island is approximately 100 km south of Viti Levu, the main island of Fiji.
The Great Astrolabe Reef is one of the largest barrier reefs in the world and encompasses Kadavu Island, Ono Island and other small islands within a natural protective lagoon. The reef is predominantly located along the southern coast of Kadavu Island and arcs north around Ono Island and further north to Buliya.
The reef is a breeding ground for many large billfish (marlin) species, sharks, tuna, giant trevally, mahi-mahi (dolphinfish) and snapper, due to it having many channels leading from extremely deep water into shallow lagoons. Parts of the reef, such as Naiqoro Passage, one of the main passages, are protected from fishing and require entry fees. This is because Naiqoro Passage is one of the main thoroughfares for large fish.
The marine lagoon ecosystem of the reef contributes to its national significance as outlined in Fiji's Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan.

## Naming

The reef was named after the French exploring ship Astrolabe, the Astrolabe Reef in New Zealand is named after the same ship.

## Tourism

The reef is a great location for experiencing marine life and coral diversity, being relatively unspoilt due to its distance from dense population. Buliya is famous for its manta ray snorkelling and is a highlight of travelling to Kadavu Island and Ono Island.
The water temperature varies from 25 to 32 degrees Celsius, making it ideal for snorkelling and scuba diving. The average visibility underwater is 25 metres, with visibility increasing to up to 40 metres on clear, windless days.
Resorts on Kadavu Island and Ono Island offer accommodation with direct access to snorkelling and diving.
# Greene Township, Indiana

Greene Township is the name of three townships in the U.S. state of Indiana:
* Greene Township, Jay County, Indiana
* Greene Township, Parke County, Indiana
* Greene Township, St. Joseph County, Indiana
See also:
* Green Township, Indiana (disambiguation)
* Greene Township (disambiguation)
# John Mant

Lieutenant Colonel John Francis Mant OBE (8 February 1897 – 19 November 1985) was an Australian solicitor.
He was born at Darling Point to solicitor William Hall Mant and Frances Gordon, née McCrae, a granddaughter of Georgiana McCrae. His godfather was A. B. Paterson. Mant attended Sydney Grammar School and from 1914 worked in Queensland as a station hand. He enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force on 11 April 1916 and sailed for England in May, attached to the Cyclist Training Battalion. He served in France with the 3rd Divisional Cyclist Company from December 1916 and then with the 1st Infantry Battalion from January 1917. Promoted lieutenant in February 1918 and mentioned in despatches in 1919, he remained in Britain after the war to study law at the University of Edinburgh before returning to Sydney, receiving his Bachelor of Law from the University of Sydney in 1924. His appointment with the AIF was formally terminated on 23 July 1920.
On 30 October 1924, Mant was admitted as a solicitor by the New South Wales Supreme Court and began working for Ellison, Rich & Son. In 1927 he became a partner with Frank A. Davenport & Mant, which established an expertise in insurance and liquor licensing. He married widowed clerk associate Helen Musgrave Dalziel on 29 October 1931 at Darling Point. He returned to active service for World War II on 17 March 1941, first with the Citizen Military Forces and then, from 28 July 1942, as a captain in the AIF. In September 1942 he was promoted major and in October 1943 lieutenant colonel, becoming chief legal officer of the First Australian Army from 1942 to 1943 and of the Second from 1944 to 1945. On 14 February 1946 he was moved to the Reserve of Officers.
Mant was also active politically as a founding member of the Liberal Party of Australia. He was the Liberal candidate for the safe Labor seats of West Sydney in 1946 and East Sydney in 1949 and served as chair of the Vaucluse branch of the party from 1950 to 1976. He was also chairman of the Wentworth Boy Scouts' Association from 1953 to 1973 and a founder of the Australian Outward Bound Memorial Foundation. A lifelong sportsman, he had done well at rowing at school and university and was a long-standing member of the Royal Sydney Golf Club, the Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club and the Kosciusko Alpine Club; he and his wife swam every morning into their eighties.
Mant was a delegate to Commonwealth law conferences in London in 1955 and Ottawa in 1960 and was a founder of the Australian branch of the Commercial Law Association in 1965. He retired in 1984 after sixty years of legal practice, having been appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1978. He died at Vaucluse in 1985, survived by his wife, their daughter and son, and his stepson.
# John Mullany

John Francis Mullany (31 March 1873 – 4 November 1926) was an Australian politician. Born in Victoria, he moved to Western Australia in 1896. He was the member for Menzies in the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1911 to 1924, representing the Labor Party until 1917 and the National Labor Party thereafter.
# John Mullard

John Mullard (born 6 March 1945) is a British rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Greatest Hits on Monument

Greatest Hits on Monument may refer to:
* Greatest Hits on Monument (Connie Smith album), a 1993 album release by Connie Smith
* Greatest Hits on Monument (Jeannie Seely album), a 1993 album release by Jeannie Seely
# Cedar Creek Golf Course at Beavers Bend

Cedar Creek Golf Course at Beavers Bend (also known simply as Cedar Creek) is a public golf course on the shores of Broken Bow Lake, about nine miles north of the city of Broken Bow, Oklahoma. The course has eighteen holes with a par of 72, and offers champion Bermuda grass greens, Bermuda grass tees and fairways, putting green, driving range, and a pro shop with cart and club rentals, snacks and drinks.

## Praise

Cedar Creek Golf Course at Beavers Bend was rated four stars by Golf Digest Magazine as "Places to Play 2002."
# Georgian Stock Exchange

The Georgian Stock Exchange (Georgian: საქართველოს საფონდო ბირჟა, literally "Georgian Stock Exchange Market") is the principal stock exchange in the country of Georgia. It was created by the "Joint Stock Company Georgian Stock Exchange Charter" which was registered and approved in 1999. It is located in the capital city of Tbilisi and its abbreviation in English is GeSE. The Georgian Stock Exchange is a member of the Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges.
# Canadian Horse of the Year

The Canadian Horse of the Year is a thoroughbred horse racing honour given annually since 1951 by the Jockey Club of Canada. It is the most prestigious honour in Canadian thoroughbred horse racing.
Part of the Sovereign Awards program since 1975, it is similar to the Eclipse Award for American Horse of the Year honours given in the United States.
The original eligibility rules stipulated that the winner be a Canadian-bred horse that did its "best running" in Canada. In 1964, the rule was altered for Northern Dancer, who was a Canadian-bred but whose most notable wins came in the United States when he won the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes. Eventually the requirement that the horse be a Canadian-bred was also dropped. The current rules simply require that the horse have raced at least three times in Canada during the given year (two times for two-year-olds).

## Records

Most wins:
* 2 - L'Enjoleur (1974, 1975)
* 2 - Overskate (1978, 1979)
* 2 - Chief Bearhart (1997, 1998)
Most wins by a trainer:
* 6 - Gordon J. McCann (1951, 1952, 1954, 1958, 1963, 1968)
Most wins by an owner:
* 8 - Sam-Son Farm (1984, 1985, 1986, 1991, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2004)
# J37

J37 may refer to:
* Elongated square gyrobicupola, a Johnson solid (J$_{37}$)
* Honda J37, an automobile engine
* Jardine Strategic Holdings, a Singaporean holding company
* Laryngitis
* LNER Class J37, a British steam locomotive class
* Lockheed J37, an American turbojet engine
* Studer J37, a Swiss audio recorder
# Park Square

Park Square may refer to:
* Park Square, Sheffield, England
* Park Square, Leeds, England
* Park Square, London, England
* Park Square, Rhode Island, United States
* Park Square (Boston), Massachusetts, United States
# Geroda

Geroda may refer to:
* Geroda (moth), a genus of moth
* Geroda, Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany
* Geroda, Thuringia, Germany
* Jayrud (ancient Geroda), a city in Syria
# Macon Open

The Macon Open was a golf tournament on the Nike Tour. It ran from 1990 to 1995. It was played at River North Country Club in Macon, Georgia.
In 1995 the winner earned $36,000.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| Nike Central Georgia Open ||||||
| 1995 | Matt Peterson | 268 | −20 | 2 strokes | Jeff Barlow |
| 1994 | Rick Pearson | 273 | −15 | Playoff | Danny Briggs Bill Murchison Charlie Rymer |
| 1993 | Sean Murphy | 205 | −11 | 2 strokes | Don Walsworth |
| Ben Hogan Macon Open ||||||
| 1992 | Brian Henninger | 205 | −11 | 1 stroke | Ted Tryba |
| 1991 | P. H. Horgan III | 201 | −15 | Playoff | Michael Miles |
| 1990 | Ed Humenik | 205 | −11 | 1 stroke | Rick Pearson Roger Rowland |
# Casa Piumi

Casa Piumi is a historic building in Milan located at 17 Via Pantano.

## History and description

Although the building was originally conceived in the 15th century, there have been many alterations to the palace over its history, starting with the neoclassical façade: on the ground floor a stone portal with a round arch enclosed between two pilasters is surmounted by a balcony supported by a shelf scroll. On the main floor the windows are decorated with simple rectilinear mouldings, while on the second floor by simple cornices.
Inside the building, there are two courtyards, a minor one of trapezoidal shape and the square-shaped courtyard of honour dating back to the 16th century: the courtyard has a portico with granite columns and capitals with horse heads and sculpted coats of arms.
# Halomonas alkaliphila

Halomonas alkaliphila is a Gram-negative halophilic Pseudomonadota. Its specific epithet stems from the Arabic word alkali (al-qaliy), the ashes of saltwort and the Latin adjective philus -a -um, meaning "friend" or "loving": loving alkaline media.
# Chicomurex superbus

Chicomurex superbus, the superb murex, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

The shell size varies between 40 mm and 85 mm with the average size being 62 mm

## Distribution

This species is found amongst seamounts and knolls in the Mascarene Basin, along North Queensland and Japan.
# Machines of Loving Grace (album)

Machines of Loving Grace is an album by the American band Machines of Loving Grace, released in 1991. The opening track contains a sample from Devo's 1981 single "Through Being Cool". The band supported the album by touring with Swans.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The St. Petersburg Times wrote: "Although the harsh reality of industrial dance music runs amok in 'Burn Like Brilliant Trash (At Jackie's Funeral)', 'Cicciolina', which follows, is gentle, as close to balladry as tech-heads have ever roamed." The Washington Post deemed the band "a synth-based trio that occasionally approximates a hip-hop swing but often sounds like one of those British electro-dance combos of a decade ago." The Oregonian opined that "the group veers from cluttered industrial noise constructs (akin to Skinny Puppy, though milder) to glossy, if eccentric, dance-rock."
AllMusic wrote that "Pretty Hate Machine-style synths are scattered liberally across the album, but the most part it's surprisingly calm and restrained."

## Track listing

All tracks by Machines of Loving Grace
* "Burn Like Brilliant Trash (At Jackie's Funeral)" – 3:12
* "Cicciolina" - 5:27
* "Rite of Shiva" - 4:04
* "Lipstick 66" - 4:53
* "X-Insurrection" – 3:56
* "Content" - 3:53
* "Weather Man" - 3:51
* "Terminal City" - 3:34
* "Number Nine" - 1:50
# Machines That Make Civilization Fun

Machines That Make Civilization Fun is a solo studio album by American hip hop musician Bigg Jus, a former member of Company Flow. It was released on Mush Records in 2012. "Black Roses" was released as a single from the album.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 65/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| BBC Music | favorable |
| Exclaim! | favorable |
| Fact | |
| PopMatters | |
| The Skinny | |
At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 65, based on 7 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Thomas Quinlan of Exclaim! wrote, "Machines That Make Civilization Fun is Bigg Jus's best, most well-rounded solo album so far, but it's still a difficult listen that will likely limit the album's appeal to advanced listeners only." Emma H. Sundstrom of PopMatters gave the album 7 stars out of 10, stating, "It's hard to gauge now how dated it will sound in five or ten years, but at this moment, it's the neurotic and deafening sound of a civilization whose machines are beginning to break down, and it sounds terrifyingly familiar." Bram E. Gieben of The Skinny gave the album 4 stars out of 5, commenting that "Far from instant gratification, what this album offers is a puzzle-box of rhymes and beats to decode; at times cryptic, at others feral and intense."
Fact placed it at number 50 on the "50 Best Albums of 2012" list.
# Machines at War

Machines at War is a real-time strategy video game developed by Isotope 244. It is followed by its sequel Land Air Sea Warfare.

## Gameplay

The gameplay is inspired by the seminal Command & Conquer series, but Machines at War does not feature infantry units or navy units.

## Reception

* Out of Eight PC Game Reviews called it "a straightforward RTS game with some clever ideas" and rated it 6/8.
* Software Review Boffin gave the Mac version 5 stars out of 5 and the Silver badge.
* Inside Mac Games rated the Mac version with 5/5 and praised the destructible environment, but it was criticized that "the only option is to play a quick skirmish against up to three computer opponents".
# Parkinsonia texana

Parkinsonia texana is a species of perennial flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native to Texas and the Mexican states of Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, and Tamaulipas. Common names include Texas palo verde, Border palo verde, and Retama china.
Parkinsonia texana grows as a shrub or small tree up to 7.6 m (25 ft) in height and 6 m (20 ft) in diameter. It is heat and drought tolerant and prefers alkaline soils. Its thin bark is green in color and its flowers, which are typically yellow but sometimes red, bloom from April to June.
# Parkinsonia africana

Parkinsonia africana, the green-hair tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to southern Angola, Botswana, and Namibia, and the Cape Provinces and Northern Provinces of South Africa. It is a bush growing 1–3m tall with green bark that allows for photosynthesis when the leaves are shed. It produces yellow flowers and yellow to brown pods. The wood does not crack when hot and is used to make smoking pipes.

## Distribution and habitat

P. africana is widespread in Namibia and South Africa and likely also occurs in Botswana, though it has not yet been recorded there. Within South Africa it is known from the Northern Cape and North West provinces. It grows in desert or semi-desert habitats, and is often found on sandy plains near waterways.
# Parnay

Parnay may refer to the following places in France:
* Parnay, Cher, a commune in the department of Cher
* Parnay, Maine-et-Loire, a commune in the department of Maine-et-Loire
# Parnavaz

Parnavaz may refer to:
* Parnavaz I of Iberia
* Parnavaz II of Iberia
# TTDI Jaya

3°6′4″N 101°33′14″E﻿ / ﻿3.10111°N 101.55389°E﻿ / 3.10111; 101.55389 TTDI Jaya is a major township in Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. It is located about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Shah Alam, the capital of Selangor. TTDI stands for Taman Tun Dr. Ismail.
# TTE

TTE may refer to:

## Medicine and science

* Transthoracic echocardiogram
* 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, chemical compound

## Transport

* Babullah Airport, Indonesia (by IATA code)
* Travelling ticket examiner, the title of train conductors in India.

## Other

* This Toilet Earth, a heavy metal album
* Time-Triggered Ethernet, a fault-tolerant strategy for synchronized time in Ethernet networks
* TotalEnergies, traded on the New York Stock Exchange and the Euronext Paris as TTE
* Toyota Team Europe
# TTC Krong Pa

The TTC Krong Pa Solar Power Plant is a solar power plant built on Chu Gu commune, Krong Pa district, Gia Lai province, Vietnam.
TTC Krong Pa solar plant has an installed capacity of 49 MW (69 MWp), started in March 2018, energized on November 4, 2018, inaugurated in December 2018.
The factory is built on an area of 70.23 hectares of hilly land in the Chu Gu commune, that provides the nation's electricity system with an output of 103 million kWh a year, meeting the equivalent electricity demand of about 47,000 households. CO$_2$ emissions are reduced by about 29,000 tons per year.
The factory is located next to National Route 25, 4 kilometers west of Phu Tuc town, Krong Pa district, 131 kilometers from Pleiku city, and 90.5 kilometers from Tuy Hoa city, Phu Yen province.
# Pars-lès-Chavanges

Pars-lès-Chavanges (French pronunciation:, literally Pars near Chavanges) is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
# Parrsboro Harbour

Parrsboro Harbour is a Canadian harbour located in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia.
Situated on the north shore of the Minas Basin at its western boundary, the harbour is fed by several fresh water sources:
* Farrell River (through the Parrsboro Aboiteau)
* Mill Creek
* Whitehall Creek
The harbour is completely tidal, emptying at low tide. It is marked by a lighthouse on the west side of the harbour entrance.
The town of Parrsboro sits on the shores of the harbour.
The harbour became a port of registry in 1850. In its peak years of the 1890s, over 1646 ships arrived and departed annually. Today it is regularly used by fishing vessels, a few recreational vessels and occasional visits by coastal freighters.
# Parksidan

Parksidan is a locality situated in Ekerö Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden, with 494 inhabitants in 2010.