OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Changsha coup

The Changsha coup was a mutiny in Changsha on the evening of May 21, 1927. It was led by Xu Keqiang (許克祥), a regiment commander under General Tang Shengzhi. Up to "several thousands" of peasants were killed in the coup.
# Tang Yanhe

Tang Yanhe a Han chinese, was born Gansu, China. He commanded an army of Chinese Muslim soldiers along with Dong Fuxiang, and used them to crush the Muslim Rebellion of 1895.
In Xunhua, Qinghai, masses of Hui, Dongxiang, Baoan, and Salars were incited to revolt against the Qing by the Multicoloured Mosque leader Ma Yonglin. Soldiers were ordered to destroy the rebels by Brigadier General Tang Yanhe. Tang was joined by loyalist Muslim troops to fight the rebel Muslims. The Muslim officers Ma Fuxiang, Ma Fulu, Ma Anliang, and Ma Guoliang served under Tang, and fought against the rebels at Jishi pass. When Tang's forces were defeated at Shuangcheng the Ma brothers fled south with him. They then massacred the rebel Muslims at Hezhou.
# Illois

Illois may refer to:
* Illois, the Finland-Swedish name of Illoinen, a district of the city of Turku, in Finland
* Illois, Seine-Maritime, a commune of the Seine-Maritime département in France
# Hemiplatytes epia

Hemiplatytes epia is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1912. It has been recorded from the US state of California.
The length of the forewings is 6.5–9 mm for males and 8.5–10 mm for females. Adults are on wing from June to October.
# Glenbank

Glenbank was the site of a Roman fortlet associated with the Gask Ridge in Scotland. It was discovered from aerial photography by G. S. Maxwell in 1983. It was confirmed by geophysics and excavations which were carried out in 1984 and 1999. It is beside the Roman road that linked the forts at Ardoch and Doune. It is currently the most southerly of the known Gask fortifications. It was probably built around 70-80 AD. Several other Gask installations have been identified running north to Bertha.
The site is south of the Allan Water close to the A9 road. It seems to have been deliberately demolished by the Romans when they abandoned it.
# Karabulut, Edirne

Karabulut is a village in the Edirne District of Edirne Province in Turkey. The village had a population of 111 in 2022.
# Hybrid growth disorders

Hybrid growth disorders refer to reduced growth or overgrowth in an organism that is a hybrid of two different species. In some sense, it is a type of hybrid dysgenesis when the growth disorder proves deleterious, making it the opposite of heterosis or hybrid vigour.
Hybrid growth disorders may be referred to as a growth dysplasia, especially when resulting in overgrowth, although this terminology may be confusing since the term dysplasia is commonly used to imply an impending cancer. However, a hybrid growth disorder is not caused by cancer.
Hybrid growth disorders are exhibited among a variety organisms, including ligers, tigons, hybrid mice, and hybrid dwarf hamsters.
A study on hybrid mice which investigated the possible causes for hybrid growth disorders reveals genomic imprinting to have a major effect. Paternal imprinting may increase growth to maximize maternal resources allocated to his progeny, while maternal imprinting may suppress growth in favor of ensuring her own survival and equal allocation of resources between offspring. This suggests that the extent of a disorder depends on the combination of parental species and their respective sexes, as demonstrated by the Vrana study. The study concludes that hybrid growth disorders most commonly affect the heterozygous sex, as expected by Haldane's rule. This would also explain why hybrid growth disorders often appear to affect one sex more than the other.
Similarly, a study of hybrids between dwarf hamster species Phodopus campbelli and Phodopus sungorus suggests that gene imprinting causes abnormal interactions between growth-promoting and growth-repressing genes which regulate placental and embryonic growth.
# Central Block (Pierre, South Dakota)

The Central Block is a historic commercial building located at 321–325 S. Pierre St. in Pierre, South Dakota. The Italianate masonry building was constructed in 1884 and was one of Pierre's earliest masonry commercial buildings. It was an early work of architects Proudfoot & Bird, then of Pierre but better known for their work elsewhere. The building opened by hosting the 1884 Republican Territorial Convention Ball, which featured a performance by the Rochester Orchestra. Since its opening, the building has housed numerous businesses and offices, including those of Alice Baird, Pierre's first female doctor, and Henry R. Horner, South Dakota State Senator and Pierre City Attorney. The building is now one of the only surviving buildings from Pierre's first commercial district.
The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 19, 1989.
# James Longenbach

James Longenbach (Sept. 17, 1959 – July 29, 2022) was an American critic and poet. His early critical work focused on modernist poetry, namely that of Ezra Pound, W. B. Yeats, and Wallace Stevens, but came to include contemporary poetry as well. His book of criticism, The Resistance to Poetry, has been described as a "compact and exponentially provocative book." Longenbach published six volumes of poetry including Earthling (2017), which was a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award.

## Career

Longenbach received his bachelor's degree in 1981 from Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut and subsequently received his Ph.D. from Princeton University.
Longenbach was Joseph Henry Gilmore Professor of English at the University of Rochester and taught at the University from 1985 until his death in 2022. His poems also appeared in many magazines and journals, including The New Yorker, The New Republic, The Nation, and The Yale Review, as well as The Best American Poetry 1995 anthology. Longenbach frequently reviewed books for Boston Review, The Nation, and the Los Angeles Times Book Review.

## Personal life

Longenbach was married to novelist Joanna Scott (and fellow Trinity graduate) whom he met in Rome, Italy, in 1981. Scott eventually taught in the English Department of the University of Rochester.
Longenbach died at age 62 from cancer on July 29, 2022, in Stonington, Connecticut. He was survived by his wife and their two daughters.

## Selected bibliography

Prose
* Modernist Poetics of History: Pound, Eliot, and the Sense of the Past (1987)
* Stone Cottage: Pound, Yeats & Modernism (1988; Oxford University Press)
* Ezra Pound’s Poetry and Prose: Contributions to Periodicals in Ten Volumes (1991) (co-editor)
* Wallace Stevens: The Plain Sense of Things (1991; Oxford University Press)
* Modern Poetry After Modernism (1997; Oxford University Press)
* The Resistance to Poetry (2005; University of Chicago Press)
* The Art of the Poetic Line (Dec. 2007; Graywolf Press)
* How Poems Get Made (2018; W.W. Norton & Company)
* The Lyric Now (2020; University of Chicago Press)
Poetry
* Threshold: Poems (1998; University of Chicago Press)
* Fleet River: Poems (2003; University of Chicago Press)
* Draft of a Letter: Poems (Apr. 2007; University of Chicago Press)
* the iron key: poems (2012; W.W. Norton & Company)
* earthling: poems (2017; W.W. Norton & Company)
* forever: poems (2021; W.W. Norton & Company)
* Seafarer: New Poems with “Earthling” and “Forever” (2024; W.W. Norton & Company)
# Guffey Coal Act

The Guffey-Snyder Coal Act was a law, officially known as the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935, passed in the United States in 1935 under Franklin D. Roosevelt as part of his New Deal. It created the Bituminous Coal Commission to set the price of coal and end other unfair practices of competition. The law also created the Bituminous Coal Labor Board to regulate maximum work hours and minimum wage but was later ruled to be unconstitutional in Carter v. Carter Coal Co. because the Supreme Court did not find the law's labor provisions to qualify as interstate commerce and therefore considered its actions beyond the jurisdiction of the federal government.
It was replaced in 1937 with the Guffey-Vinson Coal Act, officially known as the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1937, which was not ruled unconstitutional. The act resurrected the Bituminous Coal Commission and reinstated the provisions regarding price fixing and the regulation of unfair practices but removed the labor provisions of the previous act. In 1939, the Bituminous Coal Commission was abolished, and its duties were transferred to the US Department of the Interior.
The Act increased profits, wages, and union membership, and reduced strikes. However, it faced opposition from businesses, republicans and conservatives for too much government interference in business, many felt it was a socialist policy. Conservatives feared it would set a precedent for regulation to affect other industries and thus questioned if it was constitutional. Large consumers of coal also argued it would unreasonably increase prices, and operators from the south and west said it discriminated against low-wage and non-union mines.
# Maldera

Maldera is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aldo Maldera (1953–2012), Italian footballer
* Luigi Maldera (1946–2021), Italian footballer and coach
# Imam Mosa Al Kadhim Grand Mosque

The Imam Mosa Al Kadhim Grand Mosque is a grand mosque located in the city of Basra, Iraq. Following partial destruction, in 2012 reconstruction of the mosque commenced. The mosque is located near the city of Mishraq and near Hayaniya.
# Monocesta

Monocesta is a genus of skeletonizing leaf beetles and flea beetles in the family Chrysomelidae. There are at least three described species in Monocesta.

## Species

These three species belong to the genus Monocesta:
* Monocesta coryli (Say, 1824)$^{icgb}$ (larger elm leaf beetle)
* Monocesta equestris Clark, 1865$^g$
* Monocesta illustris Clark, 1865$^g$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Kathrin Beck

Kathrin Beck (born 8 March 1966, in Vienna) is an Austrian actress and former ice dancer. Competing with her brother, Christoff Beck, she became the 1987 Winter Universiade champion, a two-time Skate Canada International medalist (silver in 1987, bronze in 1985), and a six-time Austrian national champion (1983–1988). They finished fifth at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Canada. They trained six days a week, fifty weeks a year.
After retiring from skating, Beck became an actress. She is a member of the Akademie des Österreichischen Films and Verband der Österreichischen FilmschauspielerInnen. She married Christian Klikovits.

## Results

(ice dance with Beck)
International :
| Event | 81–82 | 82–83 | 83–84 | 84–85 | 85–86 | 86–87 | 87–88 |
| Winter Olympics | | | | | | | 5th |
| World Champ. | | 16th | 16th | 9th | 7th | 6th | 5th |
| European Champ. | | 15th | 16th | 6th | 4th | 4th | 5th |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | 9th | | | | | | |
| NHK Trophy | | | | | | 3rd | |
| Schäfer Memorial | | | | | | | 2nd |
| Skate America | | | | | 5th | | |
| Skate Canada | | | | | 3rd | | 2nd |
| Universiade | | | | 3rd | | 1st | |
| National ||||||||
| Austrian Champ. | | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |
# Bita (Mauretania)

Bita was an ancient city and former Roman Catholic diocese in the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis. It is now a Latin Catholic titular see.

## History

Bita was important enough in the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis to become a suffragan of its capital Caesarea Mauretaniae's Metropolitan Archbishop. However it would fade.

## Titular see

The diocese was nominally restored in 1931 as a Latin Catholic titular bishopric, but has had a single Eastern Catholic incumbent.
It has had the following incumbents, generally of the lowest (episcopal) rank, except the latest (who was promoted to archiepiscopal, the intermediary rank) :
* Giovanni Riegler, Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus (F.S.C.I.) (1948.12.09 – 1951.01.11)
* Thomas Joseph Danehy, Maryknoll Fathers (M.M.) (1952.11.27 – 1959.10.09)
* Victorio Manuel Bonamín, Salesians (S.D.B.) (1960.01.27 – 1991.11.11)
* Juan Vargas Aruquipa (1992.01.15 – 1997.08.20)
* Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel, Lazarists (C.M.) (1997.11.07 – 1999.07.07) as Auxiliary Eparch of Addis Abeba of the Ethiopics (Ethiopia) (1997.11.07 – 1999.07.07), President of Council of the Ethiopian Church (1998 – ...), next Apostolic Administrator of Addis Abeba of the Ethiopics (1998.06.16 – 1999.07.07); previously Apostolic Prefect of Jimma–Bonga (Ethiopia) (1994 – 1997.11.07); later Metropolitan Archeparch sui iuris of Addis Abeba of the Ethiopics (Ethiopia) (1999.07.07 – ...), President of Ethiopian and Eritrean Episcopal Conference (1999 – ...), President of Association of Member Episcopal Conferences in Eastern Africa (2014.07.24 – ...), created Cardinal-Priest of S. Romano Martire (2015.02.14 [2015.10.18] – ...)
* Tomáš Galis (1999.08.28 – 2008.02.14)
* Frans Daneels, Norbertines (O. Praem.) (2008.04.12 – 2012.10.10 see below)
* Titular Archbishop Frans Daneels, O. Praem. (see above 2012.10.10 – ...), Secretary of Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura; previously Substitute Promoter of Justice (1987 – 1989.04) and Promoter of Justice of Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura (1989.04 – 2008.04.12)
# Norfeld Colony, South Dakota

Norfeld Colony is a Hutterite colony and census-designated place (CDP) in Brookings County, South Dakota, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. The population of the CDP was 9 at the 2020 census.
It is in the northeast part of the county, 5 miles (8 km) east of White and 19 miles (31 km) northeast of Brookings, the county seat.
# Cullivoe

Cullivoe (Old Norse: Kollavágr - Bay of Kolli), is a village on Yell in the Shetland Islands. It is in the north east of the island, near Bluemull Sound, not far from Unst.
Cullivoe is a fishing port, and was formerly the ferry terminal for Unst, before ro-ro ferries - the terminal is now at Gutcher. However the harbour, built in 1991, remains the most active on the island and one of the largest UK fishing ports by UK vessels. Strawberries are also grown, at Cullivoe, in polythene tunnels.
The ruined church of St Olaf and cemetery give the place an historical air. The Sands of Breckon composed of crushed shells are near here.
Cullivoe holds an annual Up Helly Aa, on the last Friday in February. Cullivoe also has its own dance band, once fronted by the late Willie Hunter, as well as the Cullivoe Fiddlers, highlighting traditional Shetland music.
# Clover (2020 film)

Clover is a 2020 American crime comedy thriller film directed by Jon Abrahams and starring Mark Webber, Nicole Elizabeth Berger, Ron Perlman, Chazz Palminteri and Abrahams.

## Cast

* Mark Webber as Jackie Callahan
* Nicole Elizabeth Berger as Clover
* Jon Abrahams as Mickey "Mick" Callahan
* Ron Perlman as Mr. Wiley
* Diane Gnagnarelli as Mister Wiley's Assistant
* Chazz Palminteri as Anthony "Tony" Davalo
* Erika Christensen as Gertie
* Julia Jones as Virginia
* Jessica Szohr as Angie "Ang"
* Michael Godere as Crazy Joey Davalo
* Jake Weber as Terry
* Tichina Arnold as Pat
* Johnny Messner as Stevie
* Val Lauren as Pete
* Louis Lombardi as Paulie
* Christian George as Frankie
* Brian Goodman as Dominic "Dom"
* Martin Abrahams as Larry
* James J. Alfieri as Gus
* Ari Barkan as Luca

## Release

The film was released on demand and digital on April 3, 2020.

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 28% of 18 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 4.90/10. Enrique Acosta of Film Threat gave the film a 1 out of 10. Simon Abrams of RogerEbert.com awarded the film two and a half stars. Kate Erbland of IndieWire graded the film a C.
Dennis Harvey of Variety gave the film a negative review and wrote, "...this violent caper lacks any real wit or novelty(...), ultimately leaning on tired stereotypes rather than doing anything particularly clever with them."
Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter also gave the film a negative review and wrote, "...it never manages to overcome its air of overfamiliarity, straining mightily but giving off little but flop sweat."
# Joseph Henry (politician)

Joseph Henry (1853–1894) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from the West Coast, New Zealand.
He represented the Buller electorate from the 1876 election to 1879, when he was defeated by James Bickerton Fisher.
# Guffey Gorge (Colorado)

Guffey Gorge, also known as Paradise Cove, Guffey Cove, Guffey Gulch (as the locals know it as) is a swimming hole and cliff diving spot on Four Mile Creek about ten miles east of Guffey, Colorado. From mid-May to mid-September, there is a $6 per vehicle day-use fee. Credit card payments are accepted at the Remote Off-grid Kiosk onsite, cash payments are not accepted. There are regulations in place: no alcohol, no overnight camping, no amplified music, no target shooting, no glass, pets must be on a leash, and parking in designated areas only. Visitors are only allowed to use the area between dawn and dusk. It is Located 2 hours southwest of Denver, near a small parking lot alongside CR 112. The cove is a short, but sometimes steep 1/2 mile (one way) hike. This scenic swimming hole can regularly see 300 people a day on weekends in the summer. The top of the cove is marked with a sign warning of the danger of jumping. The trail down to the swimming hole is short and steep.
# Peace Officer (film)

Peace Officer is a 2015 American documentary film about police militarization in the United States. It won the 2015 Documentary Feature Competition Grand Jury award at the South by Southwest Film Festival.
It was conceived when co-director Scott Christopherson, an assistant film professor at St. Edward's University in Austin, Texas, met retired police officer William "Dub" Lawrence at a baseball game and was invited to visit his hangar where he carried out his private investigations into incidents in which people were killed by police. Lawrence, the central figure in the documentary, founded Davis County, Utah's SWAT team, the first in the state, in the 1970s as a sheriff. He was motivated to begin investigating police killings after the same SWAT team he founded killed his son-in-law, Brian Wood, during a 2008 standoff.
Much of the film focuses on the history of the SWAT teams that were formed in the United States after the 1965 Watts riots in Los Angeles and mythologized in popular culture by shows such as S.W.A.T. The film follows Lawrence as he investigates his son-in-law's death as well as several other SWAT team raids.
The film won the 2015 AML Award for film.
# Imperial Palace Hall Reconstruction

The Imperial Palace Hall Reconstruction in the Royal Ontario Museum is a full-scale model of a section of a 17th-century Chinese Imperial Palace building in Beijing’s Forbidden City. The hall was built in 2005 at the National Museum of Chinese Architecture in Beijing and transported in pieces to the museum in Toronto where it was reconstructed in the Gallery. This object is a center piece to the Chinese Galleries and is used by many to illustrate to the detailed work of craftsmen during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912).

## Chinese architecture

The bright colors, carvings and terra cotta tiles are all reflective of the Qing Dynasty. The architecture of this time period is filled with symbolism, as with most eras in Chinese architecture. Traditionally, wooden buildings were a place for the living to use while stone construction was used to house the dead (see ROM's Ming Tomb). The hall was built using the traditional methods and materials of Ancient Chinese wooden architecture. The original palace is 5 bays wide and 4 bays deep. A "bay" is the space between each large support column. This unique construction allows for the columns to support the weight of the roof without the need for any load bearing walls.
Architectural features of note are the dougong, which are the brightly painted bracket clusters supporting the tile roof, which were carved using traditional methods. The glazed roof tiles and dragon figures are representative of temple decoration.
# Monimus

Monimus (/ˈmɒnɪməs/; Greek: Μόνιμος; 4th century BC) of Syracuse, Magna Graecia, was a Cynic philosopher.

## Biography

According to Diogenes Laërtius, Monimus was the slave of a Corinthian money-changer who heard tales about Diogenes of Sinope from Xeniades, Diogenes' master. In order that he might become the pupil of Diogenes, Monimus feigned madness by throwing money around until his master discarded him. Monimus also became acquainted with Crates of Thebes. Menander claimed that Monimus held three beggar's wallets instead of one; this may have been intended to imply that Monimus was three times as much of a Cynic as others, or might have been a satire implying that he was more fond of money than was considered proper for a Cynic philosopher.

## Philosophy

According to both Diogenes Laërtius and Sextus Empiricus, Monimus abolished the criterion, meaning that he rejected the idea that there was any standard of judgment for attaining knowledge. According to Sextus Empiricus, Monimus was like Anaxarchus because they "compared existing things to a scene-painting and supposed them to resemble the impressions experienced in sleep or madness." Monimus was famous for saying that "everything is vanity"(τῦφος, tuphos, literally 'mist' or 'smoke'). In book two of Meditations, Marcus Aurelius writes:
   There is obvious truth to the Cynic Monimus' statement that 'all is opinion'; and obvious, too, is the usefulness of this statement if a man profits from it insofar as it is true.
According to Stobaeus, Monimus also said that "it was better to lack sight than education, because under the first affliction, you fall to the ground, under the latter, deep underground," and he also said that "Wealth is the vomiting of Fortune."

## Works

According to Diogenes Laërtius, Monimus wrote two books: On Impulses, and an Exhortation to Philosophy, and he also wrote some jests mixed with serious themes (presumably related to Cynic-style spoudogeloia). Another work by Monimus, A Collection of Wonderful Events, is quoted by Clement of Alexandria.
# Castejón, Cuenca

Castejón is a municipality in the province of Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. The municipality has 43.62 km$^2$ and a population of 158 inhabitants, according to the 2015 census (INE).
# Bit time

Bit time is a concept in computer networking. It is defined as the time it takes for one bit to be ejected from a network interface controller (NIC) operating at some predefined standard speed, such as 10 Mbit/s. The time is measured between the time the logical link control sublayer receives the instruction from the operating system until the bit actually leaves the NIC. The bit time has nothing to do with the time it takes for a bit to travel on the network medium but has to do with the internals of the NIC.
To calculate the bit time at which a NIC ejects bits, use the following:
To calculate the bit time for a 10 Mbit/s NIC, use the formula as follows:
The bit time for a 10 Mbit/s NIC is 100 nanoseconds. That is, a 10 Mbit/s NIC can eject 1 bit every 0.1 microsecond (100 nanoseconds = 0.1 microseconds).
Bit time is distinctively different from slot time, which is the time taken for a pulse to travel through the longest permitted length of network medium.
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