OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lee Merrien

Lee Merrien (born 26 April 1979) is a British middle distance and long-distance runner. He was named to the British team for the 2012 Summer Olympics following a Facebook campaign after he was initially not selected to the team. He has won multiple events at the Island Games for his home of Guernsey.

## Career

Merrien competed at his first Island Games in Gotland in 1999, however he did finish in a medal position that year. Representing his home of Guernsey, he went on to win nine gold medals over the next several years at the Island Games in the half marathon, 1,500 m, 5,000 m and 4 × 400 m relay, and also won two silver medals and one bronze. At the 2009 Island Games on the Isle of Wight he set Island Games records in both the 1,500 m and the 5,000 m events.
In the 2011 London Marathon, he set a new personal best of 2 h 14 min 27 s, which was within the "B" qualifying time for the 2012 Summer Olympics and was the fastest British competitor in the race. He admitted afterwards that he had mixed feelings regarding his time, as although it was a new personal best, it wasn't within the "A" qualifying time for the Games. His only previous attempt at the London Marathon was in 2010 when he finished in 12th place.
He finished 17th in the 2012 London Marathon, which was once again the highest placed British competitor in the race. He finished in a time of 2 h 13 min 41 s, a new personal best, just outside the Olympic qualifying time set by UK Athletics at 2 h 12 min. Due to this, he was not chosen for the British team at the 2012 Olympics, with Scott Overall and Dave Webb being chosen for the team, and with the third spot left deliberately empty. His time was inside the "A" time of 2 h 15 min as set by the International Association of Athletics Federations.
This resulted in an online campaign on Facebook to select Merrien for the British team, run by fan Cara Saul. The campaign resulted in 3,000 followers. Merrien appealed against the decision not to select him; his appeal was thrown out by UK Athletics. However, on 27 April, it was announced that the selectors had reversed their decision and added Merrien to the British team for the Olympics. Merrien's response was described as "ecstatic".
In his final race prior to the 2012 Games, he won a half Marathon on Guernsey in June, eight and a half minutes ahead of the second placed athlete. Prior to the games, he completed altitude training in the Pyrenees mountains in Europe, having previous attended camps in Iten, Kenya. At the Olympics he finished 30th in the field, the highest place Brit.

## Personal life

Merrien attended the University of Bath, graduating with a degree in Coach Education and Sports Performance. He currently manages a running club. He is the spokesman for charity Male Uprising in Guernsey which aims to raise awareness of prostate, testicular and bowel cancer.
# William D. Gorman

William D. Gorman (March 31, 1920 – February 4, 2009) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member for the 42nd district of the Florida House of Representatives. He also served as a member for the 15th district of the Florida Senate.

## Life and career

Gorman was born in Baltimore. He went to high school in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, and attended Lehigh University.
In 1967, Gorman was elected as the first representative for the newly-established 42nd district of the Florida House of Representatives. He served until 1976, when he was succeeded by Toni Jennings. In the same year, he was elected to represent the 15th district of the Florida Senate, serving until 1980.
Gorman died in February 2009, at the age of 88.
# Cai Jin

Cai Jin (Chinese: 蔡锦; born 1965) is a Chinese painter best known for her oil paintings of the banana plant. Cai was born in Tunxi, Anhui Province, China in 1965. Cai studied art at the Anhui Teachers University in Wuhu, China, graduating in 1985. She went on to participate in the Advanced Oil Painting Program of the Central Academy of Fine Arts in Beijing, where she studied until 1991. She worked in New York between 1997 and 2007. Cai teaches at Tianjin Fine Arts Institute in Tianjin, China. Cai Jin has been featured in articles for the ArtDaily and The Brooklyn Rail.

## Works

Cai Jin was inspired by a wilting banana plant that she discovered on a visit to her hometown in China. She took two rolls of photographs of the plant growing among weeds, and carried them with her for inspiration. For the next twenty years these remained her focus. Cai Jin has completed more than 400 works, mostly oil paintings. Her work is characterized by its psychedelic colors, such as pink, purple, blue, and especially red. Jin uses the image of the banana plant in her work to explore beauty, fertility, and sexuality. While she has primarily produced oils on canvas, Cai has painted on such materials as mattresses, silk quilts, cushions, women’s shoes, bicycle seats, and bath tubs. Her paintings explore vitality and beauty.
In 2008, Cai deviated from her focus on the banana plant and began work on a series of landscape paintings. While the title of the series is Landscape the paintings are lyrical and organic, showing influences of both Western and traditional Chinese sources. These are evocative of submarine landscapes or cloud-filled skies and verge on abstraction, but without totally abandoning their origin in the world around her.

### Exhibitions

* Cai Jin Hanart TZ Gallery, Hong Kong, 2021
* Double X, Ethan Cohen Gallery, New York, New York, 2019
* RT021 Shanghai Contemporary Art Fair, Triumph Art Space, Beijing, China, 2015
* White Box 2014 Art & Design 100, WhiteBox Art Center, Beijing, China, 2014
* Return to the Source, Chambers Fine Art, Beijing and New York, 2013
* Cai Jin, National Art Museum of China, Beijing, 2012
* Cai Jin: Works on Paper, Hadrien de Montferrand Gallery, Beijing, 2011
* Red Tide - Cai Jin, Galerie PICI, Seoul, Korea, 2008
* Cai Jin, Beijing Cube Gallery, Beijing, 2007
* Cai Jin: Eros in Red, Hanart TZ Gallery, Hong Kong, 2005
* Beauty Banana Series: The Art of Cai Jin, Goedhuis Contemporary, New York, 2003
* Cai Jin: Sound in Red, Fujikawa Gallery/Next, Osaka, Japan, 2000
* Cai Jin, Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Cornell University, USA, 2000
* Banana Plants Paintings, Alexander Ochs Galleries, Berlin, Germany, 1999
* Cai Jin: Off the Canvas, The Courtyard Gallery, Beijing
* Cai Jin: Chinese Hand Studies from Life, Ethan Cohen Fine Art, New York, 1997
* Cai Jin: Recent Works, Kiang Gallery, Atlanta, USA, 1995
* Cai Jin's Oil Paintings, Art Gallery of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, Beijing, 1991
# Johann Philipp Siebenkees

Johann Philipp Siebenkees (4 October 1759 – 25 June 1796) was a German philosopher.
Siebenkees studied theology, philosophy, and philology at the Protestant University of Altdorf. In 1791 he became associate professor of philosophy there, and a full professor of languages in 1795. He also taught archaeology. It has been suggested that he was responsible for the invention of the iron maiden during this period. However, the oldest citation for it in the Oxford English Dictionary is from Johann Georg Keyssler's Travels through Germany, Bohemia, Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, and Lorrain - 1st edition, 1756–1757. The quote is very sceptical, so the invention seems older.
Johann Philipp Siebenkees was a cousin of the poet Johann Christian Siebenkees.
Siebenkees undertook several voyages to Venice, Rome, and Naples. He died of a stroke in 1796.
# Badimo

Badimo (Sotho-Tswana literally meaning "ancestors") is the name for the traditional African practice of ancestor veneration for the Sotho-Tswana people of Botswana, Lesotho and South Africa. Although most Sotho-Tswana people are Christians, in reality a great majority of them follow at least some of the traditions deemed Badimo even if they are strong followers of another religion as well.
The term "Badimo", although usually translated as "ancestors" does not simply refer to people who are now dead, but rather to the "living dead". In the traditional African worldview, deceased ancestors continue to be present and are actively included in the daily life of individuals and tribes. It is believed that when someone dies, they go to live in the underworld. From there, they can watch over the living and punish those who displease them. The punishment upon the individual may be an unsuccessful life, sickness, accidents or non achievement. In order to appease Badimo or render them propitious, one should make offerings of beer, sheep or goats.

## Origin

They are invisible and only heard by children and older people. They speak their own language and make violent wind sounds whenever they move. They aid people in health and can determine whether or not a person remains healthy or not with their presence. There were many cases of young boys who were kidnapped and returned, knowing the full Badimo language. These children are chosen to deal with the Badimo when they join future delegations. There are traditional ceremonies and rituals held every year before the first rains to thank the ancestors for the good yields of the past year. During these rituals, traditional beer is brewed and a beast is killed, cooked, and taken to the hills where the Badimo are hidden, the place is called Badimong or Difokeng. The delegation would leave this food and come back later to discuss with the Badimo and collect the utensils. The delegation would tell the Badimo what the community felt about their lives. If the Badimo were satisfied, they would tell the delegation what their expectations were for the community. The Badimo also serve the purpose of notifying the next of kin about a death or if someone is dying.

## Religious diversity

Badimo, among other traditional religions, is mixed in with the most dominant religion in Botswana, Lesotho and Africa where only a small percentage of people practice pure Christianity.
# Konstantinos Bantas

Konstantinos Bantas (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Μπαντάς; born 9 July 1976) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a defender.

## Career

Born in Karditsa, Bantas began playing football for Anagennisi Karditsa in 1994, where he played over 100 games, scoring eight goals along the way. Bantas left for Trikala F.C. in 1999, where he stayed until 2001, when he joined Panachaiki. A spell at AE Poseidon Neon Poron followed in 2003, before he joined Akratitos F.C. in 2004, helping them to achieve promotion to the top flight for 2005. During his career, Bantas has made over 230 first team appearances, although most of his clubs have been outside of the Greek top division.
# Gillian Douglas

Gillian Douglas, FBA, FAcSS, FLSW is a British legal scholar who specialises in family law. She was dean of The Dickson Poon School of Law at King's College London. She undertook the first empirical study into access to fertility treatment under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority's Code of Practice.

## Honours

In 2012, Douglas was elected a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales. In 2016, Douglas was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS). In July 2017, she was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences.

## Selected publications

* An Introduction to Family Law (2001: Oxford University Press, 2nd edition 2004)
* Bromley's Family Law (9th ed. 1998, 10th ed, 2006, 11th ed, 2015, Oxford University Press), co-author (with Nigel Lowe)
* Law and Parenthood (1995: Butterworths Law in Context series), (with Chris Barton)
* Child Support: The Legislation (1st ed 1993, 2nd ed 1995, 3rd ed 1997: Sweet & Maxwell), (with Edward Jacobs)
# Alan Gould

Alan Gould (born 22 March 1949) is a contemporary Australian novelist, essayist and poet.

## Life and career

Gould was born in London to an English father and an Icelandic mother. His family lived in Northern Ireland, Germany and Singapore before arriving in Australia in 1966. He completed a BA at the Australian National University and a Diploma of Education at the then Canberra College of Advanced Education. Having worked as a nuclear physics technician and agricultural labourer, he began writing full-time in 1973, occasionally teaching and writing journalism.
Gould's first book of poems, Icelandic Solitaries, was published in 1978. Numerous volumes of poetry and fiction have followed, with his best known novel being To the Burning City (1991), about the relationship between two brothers, set in World War II. His work has been awarded the Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry (1981), the Foundation for Australian Literary Studies Best Book of the Year Award (1985), the National Book Council Banjo Award for Fiction (1992), the Royal Blind Society Audio Book of the Year Award (1999), the Philip Hodgins Memorial Award for contribution to Australian Literature (1999), and the Grace Leven Award For Poetry (2006 for The Past Completes Me - Selected Poems 1973-2003). His novel, The Schoonermaster's Dance, was joint winner of the ACT Book of the Year.
Later books include a novel, The Lakewoman, from Australian Scholarly Publishing, and a collection of poems, Folk Tunes, from Salt Publishing, both in 2009. The Lakewoman was shortlisted for the 2010 Prime Minister's Literary Awards. The Seaglass Spiral was published in 2012 by Finlay Lloyd, and in 2013 appeared a collection of poems and a comic opera libretto, Capital from Puncher & Wattmann, and a collection of essays, Joinery and Scrollwork: A Writer's Workbench from Quadrant Books.
In 2015 he published a picaresque novel, The Poet's Stairwell, Black Pepper publishing.
# Duane Benson

Dean Duane Benson (August 5, 1945 – January 26, 2019) was an American football linebacker and politician.

## Football career

Benson played college football and track and field at Hamline University. Benson graduated from Hamline University in 1967. He played professionally in American Football League for the Oakland Raiders (1967–1969) and in the National Football League for the Raiders (1970–1971), the Atlanta Falcons (1972–1973), and the Houston Oilers (1974–1976).

## Business and political career

Benson was a charter member of the Minnesota Sports Facilities Authority, created in 2012 to oversee construction of the state's new professional football stadium. He was the executive director of the Minnesota Business Partnership from 1994 to 2003. Benson owned and operated a cattle farm outside of Lanesboro, Minnesota.
Benson served in the Minnesota Senate, as a Republican, from 1980 to 1994 and was the Senate Minority Leader for six years.
Benson was founding co-director of the Minnesota Early Learning Foundation which brought together civic and business leaders to raise $20 million which was invested between 2006-2011 in support of finding approaches to ensure all Minnesota children enter kindergarten ready to learn. The group went on to recommend the creation of Minnesota's Early Learning Scholarship program, which has helped tens of thousands of children in low-income families to access quality early care and education.

## Death

Benson died from cancer, on January 26, 2019, at the Methodist Hospital-Mayo Clinic, in Rochester, Minnesota. He was 73.
# Otto Frei

Otto Frei was a Swiss wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman middleweight at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Frei is deceased.
# Takumi Nakazawa

Takumi Nakazawa (中澤 工, Nakazawa Takumi) (born November 19, 1976) is a Japanese video game writer and founder of the visual novel publishing company Regista. He worked at KID from 1998 until 2004, leaving to form Regista after the release of Remember 11: The Age of Infinity. As of 2017, he now works at Too Kyo Games.

## Work
### Video games

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1997 | Can Can Bunny Extra | Planning assistant |
| 1999 | Kiss yori... | Planner, planning, coordinating manager |
| 1999 | Memories Off | Director |
| 2000 | Never 7: The End of Infinity | Director |
| 2000 | Meitantei Conan: 3 Nin no Meisuiri | Script |
| 2001 | Close To: Inori no Oka | Director, scenario |
| 2001 | Memories Off 2nd | Director, scenario |
| 2002 | Subete ga F ni Naru | Scenario writer |
| 2002 | Ever 17: The Out of Infinity | Director, scenario, movie |
| 2004 | Remember 11: The Age of Infinity | Director, scenario |
| 2006 | I/O | Director, producer, scenario, public relations |
| 2007 | Myself; Yourself | Director, producer, planning, story supervisor |
| 2008 | Secret Game: Killer Queen | Director |
| 2009 | Myself; Yourself: Sorezore no Finale | Director, producer, planning, story supervisor |
| 2010 | Himawari: Pebble in the Sky Portable | Director |
| 2012 | Root Double: Before Crime * After Days | Director |
| 2013 | Rebellions: Secret Game 2nd Stage | Director |
| 2016 | Punch Line | Director |
| 2020 | Death Come True | Scenario assistant |
| 2020 | World's End Club | Director, scenario assistant |
| 2020 | Dragon Quest of the Stars | Writer |
| 2022 | AI: The Somnium Files - nirvanA Initiative | Scenario assistant |
| TBA | Tribe Nine | TBA |

### Light novels

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2007 | Myself ; Yourself Sorezore Overture | Writer |
# Ayesha Vardag

Ayesha Mary Barbara Vardag (born March 1968) is an English solicitor and divorce lawyer.

## Early life

Vardag was raised by her mother Barbara in Oxfordshire, England, and studied Law at Queens' College, Cambridge with Duke of Edinburgh award for membership of the Inner Temple. She took a Masters as a Cambridge Wiener Anspach scholar in European Law at the Université libre de Bruxelles, where she worked on research projects at the International Court of Justice in The Hague and at the UN (IAEA) Legal Division in Vienna.

## Legal career

Vardag qualified as a solicitor in 1996 and was initially trained at Linklaters. She taught Family Law at Queen Mary University of London
Prior to becoming a family lawyer, she worked for the New York law firm Weil, Gotshal & Manges. Vardags training in matrimonial law was as one of two assistants to Raymond Tooth, senior partner at London law firm, Sears Tooth, and co-founder of the International Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, an invitation-only organisation which now consists of over 500 of the world's leading family lawyers. Vardag founded Ayesha Vardag solicitors in 2005, which incorporated as Vardags in May 2010.

### Notable cases

In 2010, Vardag represented German heiress Katrin Radmacher in the Radmacher v Granatino case which allowed a prenuptial agreement for the first time in the UK. She and her team won a ruling holding that the prenup drawn up to protect Radmacher's £100 million fortune from her French-born husband Nicolas Granatino, was legally binding. While the case established for the first time that prenups are enforceable in the UK, courts still retain the discretionary right to veto them if they are found to be unfair. She acted for Radmacher throughout the hearings in the High Court, Court of Appeal and Supreme Court. Her firm, then named Ayesha Vardag Solicitors, is noted as the instructing solicitors on all three judgments.
In 2017, in a four-year-long divorce case complicated by a dispute over whether jurisdiction lay in the UK or Malaysia, Vardag represented London-based Malaysian former beauty queen, Pauline Chai, whose husband, Malaysian tycoon and non-executive chair of Laura Ashley Holdings, Khoo Kay Peng, wanted the case heard in their original homeland. The Vardags jurisdiction argument was decided in favour of her client. Chai was awarded a settlement of £64 million.

## Personal life

Vardag is married to Stephen Bence, a financial consultant who is chief executive officer of Vardags. As of April 2016, the couple has five children. A previous marriage ended in divorce. She appeared with Bence in Season 1 Episode 1 of Couples Come Dine With Me and finished last.
# Heinrich Seidel

Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Seidel (25 June 1842, Perlin, Mecklenburg-Schwerin – 7 November 1906, Berlin) was a German engineer, poet and writer.

## Life

Seidel was the son of a pastor and studied in the Polytechnikum in Hannover from 1860 to 1862 and in the Gewerbeakademie in Berlin, becoming an engineer. Beginning in 1866 he participated in the construction of the Anhalter Bahnhof railway station in Berlin, where he was the first to achieve the construction of its main hall roof with a free span of 62,5 m. However, in 1880 he gave up the profession to dedicate himself to writing the children's stories and fairy tales for which he is chiefly remembered today.
In Berlin, Heinrich Seidel became a member of the Hütte Academic Association "A.V. Hütte" and the literary society Tunnel über der Spree. Under the pseudonym Johannes Köhnke he collaborated with Julius Stinde (pseudonym Theophil Ballheim), Johannes Trojan and others in the Allgemeiner Deutscher Reimverein (ADR), where he demonstrated his skill as a Reimakrobat (rhyme acrobat).
The famous catchphrase "Dem Ingenieur ist nichts zu schwer" (to an engineer nothing is too difficult) was his personal motto and the first line of his writing Ingenieurlied (Song of an Engineer).
He is interred at the Berlin's Lichterfelde cemetery.

## Works

* Aus der Heimat, Novellen, 1874
* Vorstadtgeschichten, 1880
* Leberecht Hühnchen, Jorinde und andere Geschichten, 1882
* Im Jahre 1984, 1884
* Neues von Leberecht Hühnchen und anderen Sonderlingen, 1888
* Natursänger, 1888
* Leberecht Hühnchen als Großvater, 1890
* Sonderbare Geschichten, 1891
* Von Perlin nach Berlin, Lebenserinnerungen, 1894 (new edition 2006)
* Glockenspiel, VII.Band Gesammelte Schriften, 1897
* Wintermärchen, XVI.Band Gesammelte Schriften, 1901
* Leberecht Hühnchen (Gesamtausgabe), 1901
* Heimatgeschichten (Gesamtausgabe), 1902
* Reinhard Flemmings Abenteuer zu Wasser und zu Lande (3 Bde.), 1900–1906
* Ingenieurlied
# François Richard de Tussac

François Richard de Tussac aka Chevalier de Tussac (1751 Poitou – 1837), he was a French botanist and naturalist from a wealthy family with colonial holdings, and is noted for his four-volume Flore des Antilles, ou Histoire générale botanique, rurale et économique des végétaux indigènes des Antilles, published in Paris by F. Schoell et Hautel, and one of the earliest floras of the West Indies. He became senator for Guadeloupe in the Antilles and traveled widely through St. Domingue, Jamaica and Cuba. In his book Cri des Colons (Cry of the Colonies) he opposed giving Blacks more legal rights.
De Tussac moved to Martinique in 1786 and spent some years collecting plants on the island, later becoming curator of a botanic garden in Haiti. He left Haiti in 1802, visited Jamaica and then returned to France, becoming in 1816 director of the Jardin Botanique d'Angers in Paris, a post that he filled until 1826. Flore des Antilles appeared from 1808 to 1827. Some 2000 of Tussac's drawings made in Martinique were destroyed by fire in 1802 with the Haitian Revolution. De Tussac's herbarium was saved as were his manuscripts, although their whereabouts are unknown.
De Tussac is denoted by the author abbreviation Tussac when citing a botanical name. and is commemorated by the tree fern Alsophila tussacii (Desv.) D.S. Conant.
# Receptor editing

Receptor editing is a process that occurs during the maturation of B cells, which are part of the adaptive immune system. This process forms part of central tolerance to attempt to change the specificity of the antigen receptor of self reactive immature B-cells, in order to rescue them from programmed cell death, called apoptosis. It is thought that 20-50% of all peripheral naive B cells have undergone receptor editing making it the most common method of removing self reactive B cells.
During maturation in the bone marrow, B cells are tested for interaction with self antigens, which is called negative selection. If the maturing B cells strongly interact with these self antigens, they undergo death by apoptosis. Negative selection is important to avoid the production of B cells that could cause autoimmune diseases. They can avoid apoptosis by modifying the sequence of light chain V and J genes (components of the antigen receptor) so that they have a different specificity and may not recognize self-antigens anymore. This process of changing the specificity of the immature B cell receptor is called receptor editing.