OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nachum Heiman

Nachum Heiman (Hebrew: נחום היימן; May 6, 1934 – August 17, 2016) was an Israeli composer and musician. Some of the over 1,000 songs he composed have become classics of Israeli folk music.

## Biography

Nachum (Nakhche) Heiman was born in Riga, Latvia in 1934 to a musical family that immigrated to Mandatory Palestine when he was five years old. As a child he began playing the piano. After becoming ill with polio at the age of nine, he switched to playing the accordion and the harmonica. He was hospitalized for three and a half years in an iron lung until he recovered. At age 14, following his parents' divorce, he moved to Kibbutz Na'an as a yeled hutz (child from outside the kibbutz), where he studied with kibbutz members Yehuda Oren and composer David Zahavi.
After his mother remarried, he moved with her to Rehovot, where he composed his first song, "Nitzanim niru ba'aretz" (text from the Song of Songs) at 17 years of age. Since he did not get along with his stepfather, he moved to Kfar HaMaccabi, where he met Matityahu Shalem from nearby Kibbutz Ramat Yohanan. He worked with Shalem as a shepherd and studied with him and his colleagues. Under the influence of Gurit Kadman, one of the pioneers of Israeli folk dance, Heiman began to work as an accordionist for folk-dancing events.
In the army, Heiman coordinated song and dance classes and played the accordion for the first Nahal troupe. He fought in three wars and was wounded in all of them. When he married Dalia Colton, the mother of his two daughters – Billie and Si, a well-known singer – they moved to Kibbutz Beit Alpha.
Heiman died in Meir Hospital in Kfar Saba on August 17, 2016, of a severe infection following prolonged ill health. He was 82.

## Music career

Heiman worked as a music teacher and established the Gevatron choir. He composed dozens of songs for the poet Natan Yonatan, took young singers and bands under his wing in the 1960s, and wrote music for 122 films and TV shows. From the late 1960s to the mid-1980s he lived in Paris and London, where he ran a music production and record company, Hi-Man Music. He worked with artists such as Nana Mouskouri, Marie Laforêt, Serge Lama, Rika Zarai, Mike Brant, Carlos Miranda, Luis Jardim, Geoff Downes and Hanny Livne.
In 1999, Heiman declared bankruptcy, but eventually repaid all his debts. In 2002, he established the Hebrew Song Heritage Association, a non-profit organization devoted to Israel's musical heritage. He devoted his time to restoring early Hebrew recordings, and served as the association's artistic director until his retirement in 2011. In 2009 he won the Israel Prize in the field of Hebrew song.
In his latter years, twice divorced and separated from his third wife, Heiman suffered from ill health and financial hardship. A television feature about him prompted Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and then-Culture Minister Limor Livnat to employ him as a consultant for a project to preserve and document Hebrew songs. A documentary of his life, made by Anat Goren, was aired in 2015 on Israel's Yes Docu channel.
# Joseph Elkington

Joseph Elkington (baptised 1 January 1740 at Stretton-on-Dunsmore in Warwickshire, died October 1806) was an English agriculturalist, lauded by parliament for his reforms to land drainage.

## Career

While farming at Princethorpe, Warwickshire he devised a way of using boreholes to drain boggy land. For this innovation, and concerned that his frail health would result in the loss of his knowledge before it was shared, parliament awarded him, in 1795, £1,000 and a gold ring. Edinburgh land surveyor John Johnstone (d. 1838) was employed by the Board of Agriculture to study Elkington's methods.
Elkington subsequently worked in partnership with Lancelot "Capability" Brown to develop drainage plans for the latter's landscaping schemes, starting with one at Fisherwick Park near Lichfield.
Elkington moved to Hey House in Staffordshire in 1797 to farm 500 acres (200 ha) of land at Madeley, which became known as Bog Farm.

## Personal life

Elkington was the eldest son of Joseph Elkington (1697–1758), a yeoman farmer, and Mary, née Gallimore (died 1750). He had epilepsy. He married Sarah Webb (baptised 1738, died 1821), daughter of Richard and Mary, on 26 December 1760. Nine of their children survived Elkington. His grandson was the industrialist George Elkington. He died at Hay House on 17 October 1806 and was buried in the churchyard at All Saints' Church, Madeley on 20 October. A monument to him in All Saints' churchyard, Stretton-on-Dunsmore, calls him a "pioneer of land drainage".
# Moses Taku

Moshe ben Ḥasdai Taku (Hebrew: משה בן חסדאי תאקו, fl. 1250–1290 CE) was a 13th-century Tosafist from Tachov, Bohemia. The name Taku is a variant of Tachau, Bohemia, now Tachov, Czech Republic. Despite his own seemingly mystical orientation, Rabbi Taku is controversially known to have been an opponent of both the esoteric theology of the Ashkenazi Hasidim, particularly the Kalonymos family, i.e. followers of Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg) and the philosophical orientation of rabbinic rationalists such as Saadia Gaon, Maimonides, Abraham ibn Ezra, et al. He believed that both trends were a deviant departure from traditional Judaism, which he understood to espouse a literal perspective of both the biblical narrative, and the aggadata of the Sages. His opposition to all theological speculation earned him, in the opinion of Gershom Scholem, the title of one of the two truly reactionary Jewish writers of the Middle Ages, the other being Joseph Ashkenazi.

## Controversial views

Taku is often cited as contradicting Maimonides’ Third Principle of Faith for insisting that God can be corporeally manifest and that to maintain otherwise is heretical. For Taku such a denial would be an infringement on God’s omnipotence and that accordingly all anthropomorphic allusions to God in the Hebrew Bible are to be taken literally. However, Joseph Dan, an Israeli scholar of Jewish mysticism, takes issue with this widely held view of Taku's position and espouses a more nuanced depiction:
   Taku insists on the literal acceptance of the prophets' descriptions of their visions as well as the anthropomorphic references to God in talmudic-midrashic literature. He does not do so because of his belief in the literal veracity of these descriptions; he only insists that they represent the maximum that can be conveyed concerning God's essence and appearance, and that any further inquiry cannot lead to valid conclusions. God chose to reveal to us in the scriptures whatever is found in them: man should be satisfied with that, and ask no more questions. It is not that Rabbi Moses Taku believed in an anthropomorphic God; most probably, he did not.

## Writings

The Ketav Tamim (כתב תמים) is the principal text from which we know of Taku’s thought. It was composed around 1220, and is largely contentious. It serves as both an attack on the theologians of his day who espoused non-literal understandings of aggada, and as a means to attempt to demonstrate the validity of corporealism by citing proof texts from the Bible and the Talmud. Taku states that three theological catastrophes have occurred in Jewish history, each of which produced its school of heresy - Christianity, spearheaded by Jesus; Karaite Judaism, spearheaded by Anan ben David; and the opinions expressed by Saadia Gaon in his Beliefs and Opinions and his commentary on the Sefer Yezirah. Though the complete work is not known to have survived to this day, several major sections have endured and were first published in 1860, in Vienna.
# Lamb Island (film)

Lamb Island is a 2009 short dramatic film shot on Lamb Island, Queensland in Australia about a quiet woman who keeps her sorrows, pain and grief to herself. Things start to change when a stranger arrives on the island and decides to bring the peace and quiet to an end.

## Cast

* Margi Brown Ash as 'Myla Harris'
* Amanda McErlean as 'Shopkeeper'
* Lauren Orrell as 'Stranger'

## Production

The film was developed and produced by QPIX under its Screen Australia Raw Nerve Short Film Initiative, in association with Screen Development Australia. QPIX is also financially assisted by the Pacific Film & Television Commission (now Screen Queensland).
# Liang Xueqing

Liang Xueqing (梁雪清), also known as Liang Hsüch-ch'ng, was the sister of three well-known Chinese painters and illustrators from the 1930s and 40s. She was an editor for the Wen Hwa (文华) or Culture Arts Review pictorial in the 1930s and was a rarity for promoting female painters in that era. She herself was a painter, from Guangdong, who gained some recognition in 1926, when her self-portrait was published on the front page of the Young Companion, issue 5, a prominent news and cultural pictorial, based in Shanghai and read internationally. She was the first painter on a Liangyou cover as well as the first female painter to be in the pictorial at all, making issue 2. She also had a painting published in issue 3, called Children's Music (儿乐). She painted with oil paints. and with watercolors. She was the author of the 1934 book 东北巨变血泪大画史 作者 (The picture history of the great changes of the Northeast and the tears), about the war resisting the Japanese.
Liang came from a family of artists. Three brothers, as well as three nieces were all into art. In 1924, her brothers Liang Dingming (梁鼎铭), Liang Youming (梁又铭), and Liang Zhongming (梁中铭), were active members of the painting circles in Shanghai and founded the Tianhua Art Association (天化艺术会), of which she too was a member. She may have joined her brothers in founding the association. Liangyou introduced the group in its pages, one of the first art groups to receive such attention. The group also participated in the Shanghai Union Art Exhibition in 1927, exhibiting artwork.
Liang Xueqing had a professional life, working in the advertising department "of a major company," and he also worked with her brother Dingming who edited the Cultural Pictorial with her. Dingming would become well known for his military art, in particular the mural paintings Huizhou Campaign, (about a battle in 1925, part of the founding of the Republic of China (1912–1949)) which resides in the Taipei Museum of History in Taiwan. Xueqing herself also did military paintings, including "One Day After One Two Eight Eight", which showed the results of Japanese bombing Shanghai. Among her non-military named-paintings are "Lunch" and "Red Snow White", which the Soka Art Center said "pay attention to the meaning of brushwork texture." The center further characterized her work as "smart and free" with "pursuit of a charm in the meaning," using "beautiful and loud" colors.
While her fate is not publicized, her brothers and nieces moved to Taiwan in the 1940s.
# Keiichiro Toyama

Keiichirō Toyama (外山 圭一郎, Toyama Keiichirō, born 1970) is a Japanese video game director and designer, best known as the creator of the Silent Hill, Siren and Gravity Rush franchises.

## Biography

Toyama was born in 1970 in Miyazaki Prefecture, and studied art in Tokyo Zokei University. After graduating he joined Konami in 1994 as a graphic artist. He was the graphic designer and character designer for the Sega CD version of Snatcher and International Track & Field, and after that he created the Silent Hill series. The game was successful and produced various sequels, but Toyama left Team Silent in 1999 after the first game was launched to join Japan Studio afterwards to work on the Siren series. One of the first games he worked on in Sony was Yoake no Mariko, a collaboration with Spümcø, where he was a gameplay designer. He directed the video games Siren (2003) and its sequel Forbidden Siren 2 (2006). In 2008, Toyama released Siren: Blood Curse, a reimagining of the original Siren game. Toyama then worked on the PlayStation Vita game Gravity Rush, released in 2012. A sequel, Gravity Rush 2, was released on January 19, 2017, in Japan.
Toyama left Sony Japan Studio in September 2020. He has founded Bokeh Game Studio alongside Kazunobu Sato and Junya Okura, both of whom worked on the Siren series, on August 13, 2020. When asked about what prompted the move, Toyama stated that he had been inspired by fellow designer Fumito Ueda who had related much of his experiences founding genDESIGN to Toyama. Toyama announced that he plans on returning to the horror genre, with a debut game inspired in particular by film directors Wong Kar-wai and Fruit Chan. The game, Slitterhead, was formally revealed during The Game Awards 2021.

## Works

| Year | Game title | Publisher | Role |
| 1994 | Snatcher | Konami | Graphic designer (Sega CD version) |
| 1996 | International Track & Field | Konami | Character designer |
| 1999 | Silent Hill | Konami | Director, writer, background designer |
| 2001 | Yoake no Mariko | Sony Computer Entertainment | Gameplay designer |
| 2003 | Siren | Sony Computer Entertainment | Director, writer |
| 2006 | Forbidden Siren 2 | Sony Computer Entertainment | Director, designer, writer |
| 2008 | Siren: Blood Curse | Sony Computer Entertainment | Director, designer, writer |
| 2012 | Gravity Rush | Sony Computer Entertainment | Director, designer, original concept, initial story |
| 2015 | Gravity Rush Remastered | Sony Computer Entertainment | Director, designer, original concept, initial story |
| 2017 | Gravity Rush 2 | Sony Interactive Entertainment | Director, designer |
| 2024 | Slitterhead | Bokeh Game Studio | Creative director, initial game design, story |

## Awards

In 2012 Toyama received the outstanding performance award at the 16th Japan Media Arts Festival and the excellence award at the Japan Game Awards for his work on Gravity Rush.
# Anna Lawson

Anna Lawson, FBA, FAcSS (born 1966) is a British legal scholar specialising in disability and law. Since 2013, she has been Professor of Law at the University of Leeds. She was additionally joint director of the university's Centre for Disability Studies from 2015 to 2023. She has also served as a special advisor to the House of Commons' Women and Equalities Committee and an expert advisor to the Council of Europe.

## Early life and education

Lawson was born in 1966 in Holyhead, North Wales. She is blind, having lost her sight through macular degeneration between the ages fo 7 and 25, and was educated at Exhall Grange, a specialist school for visually impaired pupils. She has a Bachelor of Law (LLB) degree from the University of Leeds, and a postgraduate Bachelor of Civil Laws (BCL) degree from Jesus College, Oxford. She was also awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree by the University of Leeds in 2015; her PhD was awarded by published work, rather than for a doctoral thesis.

## Honours

On 28 November 2017, Lawson was made an honorary bencher of Middle Temple. In July 2022, she was elected Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences. She is also an elected Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS).

## Selected works

* Lawson, Anna; Gooding, Caroline, eds. (2005). Disability rights in Europe: from theory to practice. Oxford: Hart Publishing. ISBN 978-1841134864.
* Lawson, Anna (2008). Disability and equality law in Britain: the role of reasonable adjustment. Oxford: Hart Publishing. ISBN 978-1841138282.
* Lawson, Anna; Schiek, Dagmar, eds. (2011). European Union non-discrimination law and intersectionality: investigating the triangle of racial, gender and disability discrimination. Farnham: Ashgate. ISBN 978-0754679806.
* Waddington, Lisa; Lawson, Anna, eds. (2018). The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in practice: a comparative analysis of the role of courts. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198786627.
# Helga Stene

Helga Stene (8 October 1904 – 2 October 1983) was a Norwegian educator, feminist and resistance member. She was born in Notodden, and was a sister of Aasta Stene. She graduated from the University of Oslo in 1932. She lectured a few years at universities in Berlin and in Sweden. From 1937 to 1966 she was assigned to various secondary schools in Oslo, as teacher and administrator. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany she played a leading role in the parents' resistance, including massive protests against new laws for regulating children's life. She was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1977.
# Umar Ramle

Umar Akhbar bin Ramle (born 2 May 1996), also known as just Umar, is a Singaporean professional footballer who plays as a central-midfielder or defensive-midfielder for Singapore Premier League club Tanjong Pagar United.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 20 Aug 2022
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Geylang International | 2016 | S.League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Geylang International | 2017 | S.League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Geylang International | 2018 | Singapore Premier League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Geylang International | 2019 | Singapore Premier League | 16 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 |
| Geylang International | 2020 | Singapore Premier League | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| Geylang International | 2021 | Singapore Premier League | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Geylang International | 2022 | Singapore Premier League | 17 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 1 |
| Geylang International | Total | Total | 50 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 | 0 |
| Hougang United | 2023 | Singapore Premier League | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Hougang United | Total | Total | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Tanjong Pagar United | 2024–25 | Singapore Premier League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Tanjong Pagar United | Total | Total | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 57 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 71 | 0 |
Notes

## Honours
### Hougang United

* Singapore Cup Runner-ups (1): 2023
# Robert J. Schmitz (politician)

Robert J. Schmitz (April 23, 1921 – October 10, 1999) was an American farmer, businessman, and politician.
Schmitz was born in St. Lawrence Township, Scott County, Minnesota. Schmitz lived on a farm near Jordan, Minnesota with his wife and family. He was a farmer and the owner of the Schmitz Farmer Equipment Company. Schmitz served on the Scott County Soil and Conservation District Board. He served in the Minnesota Senate from 1975 to 1990 and was a Democrat. He died from Alzheimer's disease at the Valley View Nursing Home in Jordan, Minnesota.
# IPOP

IPOP (IP-Over-P2P) is an open-source user-centric software virtual network allowing end users to define and create their own virtual private networks (VPNs). IPOP virtual networks provide end-to-end tunneling of IP or Ethernet over “TinCan” links setup and managed through a control API to create various software-defined VPN overlays.

## History

IPOP started as a research project at the University of Florida in 2006. In its first-generation design and implementation, IPOP was built atop structured P2P links managed by the C# Brunet library. In its first design, IPOP relied on Brunet’s structured P2P overlay network for peer-to-peer messaging, notifications, NAT traversal, and IP tunneling. The Brunet-based IPOP is still available as open-source code; however, IPOP’s architecture and implementation have evolved.
Starting September 2013, the project has been funded by the National Science Foundation under the SI2 (Software Infrastructure for Sustained Innovation) program to enable it as open-source “scientific software element” for research in cloud computing. The second-generation design of IPOP incorporates standards (XMPP, STUN, TURN) and libraries (libjingle) that have evolved since the project’s beginning to create P2P tunnels – which we refer to as TinCan links. The current TinCan-based IPOP implementation is based on modules written in C/C++ that leverage libjingle to create TinCan links, and exposing a set of APIs to controller modules that manage the setup, creation and management of TinCan links. For enhanced modularity, the controller module runs as a separate process from the C/C++ module that implements TinCan links and communicate through a JSON-based RPC system; thus the controller can be written in other languages such as Python.
# William Ashton

William or Bill Ashton may refer to:
* Bill Ashton (jazz musician) (1936–2025), British jazz musician
* Brian Ashton (rugby union) (born 1946), full name William Brian Ashton
* William Howard Ashton (born 1943), real name of Billy J. Kramer, English singer
* Will Ashton (1881–1963), British-Australian artist
* William Ashton (MP) (1575–1646), British Member of Parliament for Hertford, 1621–1625 and Appleby 1626, 1628
* William Ashton, Chief Engineer of the Oregon Short Line Railroad (fl. c. 1881), after whom the city of Ashton, Idaho was named
* William E. Ashton (1859–1933), American gynaecologist and Army officer during World War I
# Ellie Beer

Ellie Beer (born 3 January 2003) is an Australian athlete. She competed in the women's 4 × 400 metres relay event at the 2019 World Athletics Championships. At the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, Beer was a member of the Australian team that competed in the women's 4 x 400 metre relay. The team of Kendra Hubbard and Annaliese Rubie-Renshaw and Bendere Oboya finished 7th in their heat and did not contest the final.

## Early life

Beer was born on the Gold Coast and attended Marymount College throughout her upbringing. At six years old, she joined Gold Coast Little Athletics and Nippers at Currumbin Surf Club. She went undefeated in state and national beach sprints in her age group. By the age of 14, in 2017, Beer had already clocked 54.83 in the 400m and on the beach won the Australian under-14 flags and beach sprint titles.

## Achievements

As a 15 year old, Beer won the national U16 200m/400m double and in December 2018 the national U16 200m/400m double, closing the year with Personal Best (PB) times of 23.94/53.55. In the 2019 summer she won the Australian U17 200/400m double, but her major achievement was winning the Brisbane Track Classic 400m in a 0.9 seconds PB time of 52.53 to become the fourth fastest U18 in Australian history.
Beer was selected in the Australian team for the 2019 World Relays. She was part of the team that came fifth in the final. She was selected in the Australian team for the 2019 World Championships. At the age of 16 years and 268 days, Beer was the youngest ever Australian selected for the championships. Running her leg in a time of 52.0 seconds, Beer helped the Australian team to 3:28.64 and qualification for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.
Domestically in 2021, at 18, she is the second best in Australia behind world championships semi-finalist Bendere Oboya. By mid way through 2024 Ellie had a new PB and Australian 400m lead, running 51.59 in Adelaide in April.
# Marie Vassilieff

Mariya Ivanovna Vassiliéva (Russian: Мария Ивановна Васильева), (1884-1957), better known as Marie Vassilieff, was a Russian-born painter and set designer active in Paris.
She was born on February 12, 1884 in Smolensk, Russia. She attended the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts. She also studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where she was taught by Henri Matisse.
In 1910 she co-founded the Academie Russe in Paris. Several years later she left that school and founded Academie Vassilieff also in Paris. Academie Vassilieff located in the 15th arrondissement of Paris (Montparnasse), became a popular place, and during World War I Vassilieff turned the property into a canteen (cafeteria) serving inexpensive meals to artist in the neighborhood.
Vassilieff died on May 14, 1957 in Nogent-sur-Marne, France.
Her property. Villa Vassilieff, at 21 Avenue du Maine has served as a gallery, a museum (Musée du Montparnasse), and study center.
# Robert J. Tennessen

Robert J. Tennessen (born August 24, 1939) is an American politician in the state of Minnesota. He served in the Minnesota Senate.