OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kuhrang County

Kuhrang County (Persian: شهرستان کوهرنگ) is in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Chelgerd.

## History

In 2009, Bazoft-e Bala Rural District was created in Bazoft District, and Doab Rural District was separated from it in the formation of Doab Samsami District, which was divided into two rural districts, including the new Shahriari Rural District.
The village of Samsami was elevated to the status of a city in 2013, and two villages were merged to form the new city of Bazoft in 2014.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the county's population was 33,468 in 5,980 households. The following census in 2011 counted 35,915 people in 7,702 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the county as 41,535 in 10,859 households.

### Administrative divisions

Kuhrang County's population history and administrative structure over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
Kuhrang County Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Central District | 19,198 | 18,219 | 20,222 |
| Dasht-e Zarrin RD | 7,147 | 7,051 | 7,810 |
| Miankuh-e Moguyi RD | 3,781 | 3,570 | 3,992 |
| Shurab-e Tangazi RD | 5,562 | 4,537 | 5,431 |
| Chelgerd (city) | 2,708 | 3,061 | 2,989 |
| Bazoft District | 14,270 | 12,185 | 14,742 |
| Bazoft-e Bala RD | | 3,305 | 4,144 |
| Bazoft-e Pain RD | 8,526 | 8,880 | 9,079 |
| Doab RD | 5,744 | | |
| Bazoft (city) | | | 1,519 |
| Doab Samsami District | | 4,065 | 5,930 |
| Doab RD | | 3,558 | 3,353 |
| Shahriari RD | | 507 | 1,374 |
| Samsami (city) | | | 1,203 |
| Total | 33,468 | 35,915 | 41,535 |
| RD = Rural District ||||

## Infrastructure

The county is the site of three dams and tunnels transferring water from the Kuhrang River to the Zayandeh River: Kouhrang 1, Kouhrang 2, and Kouhrang 3

## Tourism

Kuhrang County has many tourist attractions based on its environmental diversity, such as Kuhrang Spring, ice caves, Sheikh Ali Khan waterfall, and Dimeh Spring. The people of this county are Bakhtiari and speak Luri.
# Graz Opera

The Graz Opera (German: Oper Graz) is an Austrian opera house and opera company based in Graz. The orchestra of the opera house also performs concerts as the Graz Philharmonic Orchestra (Grazer Philharmonisches Orchester).

## History

Opera had been performed in Graz since the 17th century, originally in a converted coach house on the Habsburg royal estates. The National Theatre (Schauspielhaus Graz), constructed in 1776, saw many early performances of Mozart's operas, although today (after many reconstructions) it is devoted to the performances of plays.
The city's first dedicated opera house and the immediate predecessor of the Graz Opera was the Thalia Theatre, adapted in 1864 from an old circus hall. Plans for a new theatre suitable to the growing size and importance of the city and intended to be a "new home for German art" were first proposed in 1887.
Designed by Ferdinand Fellner and Herman Helmer in the neo-baroque style, the Graz Opera was inaugurated in 1899 with a performance of Schiller's play William Tell, followed a few days later by Wagner's opera Lohengrin. The building suffered damage during World War II bombings but was repaired and re-opened after the war. Between 1983 and 1985, it underwent a $15 million renovation which saw the installation of modern equipment and facilities without significantly changing the original exterior and interior of the building. Today, the opera seats around 1,200 people.
The current Intendantin of the company is Nora Schmid, since 1 January 2015, in succession to Elisabeth Sobotka. Schmid is scheduled to stand down as Intendantin after the 2022–2023 season. In November 2021, the company announced the appointment of Ulrich Lenz as its next Intendant, effective with the 2023–2024 season.
Past general music directors (GMD) of the company have included Niksa Bareza (1981–1990), Philippe Jordan (2001–2004), Johannes Fritzsch (2006–2013), and Dirk Kaftan (2013–2017). In the autumn of 2016, Oksana Lyniv made her first guest-conducting appearance with the company, in a production of La traviata. In February 2017, the company announced the appointment of Lyniv as its next GMD, effective with the 2017–2018 season. Lyniv is the first female conductor to be named GMD of Graz Opera. She concluded her tenure in Graz at the end of the 2019–2020 season. In December 2018, the company announced the appointment of Roland Kluttig as its next principal conductor, effective with the 2020–2021 season, with an initial contract of 3 seasons. Kluttig is scheduled to conclude his tenure at the close of the 2022–2023 season. In December 2022, the company announced the appointment of Vassilis Christopoulos as its next chief conductor, effective with the 2023–2024 season.

## General Music Directors (GMD; partial list)

* Herbert Albert (1950–1952)
* Berislav Klobučar (1960–1971)
* Nikša Bareza (1981–1990)
* Mario Venzago (1991–1994)
* Philippe Jordan (2001–2004)
* Johannes Fritzsch (2006–2013)
* Dirk Kaftan (2013–2017)
* Oksana Lyniv (2017–2020)
* Roland Kluttig (2020–2023)
* Vassilis Christopoulos (2023-present)
# Dobri Hristov

Dobri Hristov (Bulgarian: Добри Христов; 14 December 1875 – 23 January 1941) was one of the major Bulgarian composers of the 20th century. He wrote mainly choral music, as well as some church music and music for the orchestra.
Hristov was born in Varna, then in the Ottoman Empire. He graduated from the Prague Conservatory in 1903 (under the directorship of the famous Czech composer Antonín Dvořák). He returned to Bulgaria and helped with the development of Bulgarian music culture, using many Bulgarian folklore elements in his compositions. He was conductor of The Seven Saints ensemble and choir in the church of the same name in Sofia, Bulgaria between 1911 and 1928. He died in Sofia in 1941 at age 65.

## Works

* Blagoslovi, soul moia, Gospoda
* Heruvimskaya pesn' No. 4
* Nyne otpushchayeshi
* Sviatii Bozhe No. 4
* You Poem
# Jean-Michel Dubernard

Jean-Michel Dubernard (French:; 17 May 1941 – 10 July 2021) was a French medical doctor specializing in transplant surgery who served as a Deputy in the French National Assembly. He was born in Lyon.
Dr. Dubernard was most famous for performing the first successful hand transplant on Clint Hallam on 23 September 1998, the first successful double hand transplant shortly thereafter (but not announced until 14 January 2004), and assisting Prof. Bernard Devauchelle in performing the first partial face transplant on Isabelle Dinoire on 27 November 2005. Dubernard was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2010. Dubernard died at Istanbul Airport on 10 July 2021 at the age of 80.
# Tryphon of Constantinople

Tryphon of Constantinople (Greek: Τρύφων; died 933) was a 10th-century Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. He is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

## Life

Tryphon was a monk in Constantinople. Patriarch Stephen II of Constantinople died on 19 July 928. Tryphon was raised to the post of the Patriarch on 14 December 928 by Byzantine Emperor Romanos I Lekapenos on condition that he would resign in favor of the Emperor's son Theophylact Lekapenos when the boy comes of age.
Theophylact turned 16 in 931 and Roman asked Patriarch Tryphon to step down as promised so Theophylakt could assume the Patriarchate. Tryphon refused to hand over the throne to a boy and remained in office. Romanos was infuriated and wanted to arrest him and execute him but Tryphon was very much loved by the people for his virtues.
Then the Emperor's advisors came up with a better plan to remove him from office without causing a rebellion. During a meeting with other bishops, bishop Basil accused Tryphon of being illiterate, and the Patriarch protested that he was not. Bishop Basil had an Imperial agent ask him to prove that by signing his name on a blank paper, Tryphon signed the blank paper and then Bishop Basil sent the paper to the Palace where the Imperial Clerks wrote the document of his resignation on the blank paper with Tryphon's signature.
When he found out that he was deceived it was too late, Theophylact had been already proclaimed Patriarch and Tryphon was forced to retire to monastery where he died in 933.

## Veneration

Tryphon is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church. His feast day is 19 April [O.S. 2 May].
# Rhode (Hermas)

Rhode (in ancient Greek: Ῥόδη) or the young woman (in ancient Greek: κόρη) is a Christian who is one of the main characters in the Greek and Christian novel known as The Shepherd of Hermas. Her name and historical existence are far from certain.

## Novel
### Onomastic issues

The name of this character is difficult to restore because it is located in a lacuna in the surviving manuscripts of the text. When the novel was discovered by Adolf Hilgenfeld in the 19th century, he proposed the reading Ῥόδη (Rhódē) in the lacuna and thus attributed this name to the character. However, in more recent times, this reading has been questioned; the lacunar passage does not seem to give an obvious name. More recent scholars have proposed the reading κόρη (kórē) instead, which means "young woman".

### Narrative of the novel

In The Shepherd of Hermas, she is presented as a former mistress of Hermas, her former slave, whom she supposedly freed. However, if the lacuna is restored differently, she would not be his former mistress but a fellow slave. In any case, in The Shepherd, as in other Ancient Greek novels, this female character is central. In the story, the wandering Hermas encounters her, naked, bathing, and desires her. This initial sin is the catalyst for the novel, with Hermas subsequently receiving visions, including from Rhode, never named as such, urging him to repent.
# Stade Jules Ribet

The Stade Jules Ribet is a rugby stadium in Saint-Gaudens in France. It is the current home ground of Super XIII side Saint-Gaudens Bears. The current capacity is 5,000 with 2,000 seated.

## History

Rugby has been played on the site since 1898. When in 1958 a new rugby league club was formed this was the obvious venue for the club. The ground currently has one main stand which seats 2,000 spectators. The ground has also hosted the touring Australia national rugby league team during the 1960s, and more recently in 2011. In 2002 the rugby league Challenge Cup came to town when Saint-Gaudens Bears hosted English side Halifax losing the game 26–48 in front of a crowd of 3,200

## Representative Rugby League Matches

| Date | Teams | Score | Attendance | Game |
| 19 December 1963 | Pyrenees XIII v Australia | 10-14 | 2,059 | 1963-64 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France |
| 4 January 1968 | South West France XIII v Australia | 0-15 | 1,205 | 1967-68 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France |
| 23 November 2011 | France u19 v Australia u19 | 12-40 | 2,000 | International |
On February 27, 2015, it hosted a Six Nations Under 20s Championship match between France and Wales with France winning 27 - 5.
# The Next Band

The Next Band were a British rock trio featuring vocalist/bassist Rocky Newton, guitarist John Lockton and drummer Frank Noon, who is credited with playing drums on Def Leppard's 1979 EP The Def Leppard E.P.. The band's name was later changed to Red Alert.

## Other bands featuring members of The Next Band

Lockton and Noon were later in Wild Horses with Rainbow and Dio bassist Jimmy Bain.
Newton and Noon were later in Lionheart with former Iron Maiden guitarist Dennis Stratton.
Lockton was later in the band Victory, with whom he played on their self-titled album. Newton is credited as a guest backing vocalist on the Victory album Culture Killed The Native, though by that time John Lockton was no longer in the band.
Newton was later a member of the McAuley Schenker Group, playing on the band's first two albums and co-writing the group's first big hit, "Gimme Your Love."
Frank Noon was later in the band Roadhouse with his former Def Leppard bandmate Pete Willis.

## Four by Three EP

The Next Band released the Four by Three EP (four songs by three people) in September 1978. It was recorded at Fairview Studios in Kingston upon Hull. This EP would be one of the inspirations behind Def Leppard's own The Def Leppard E.P.

## Track listing of Four by Three EP

* "Never on a Win"
* "Close Encounters"
* "Red Alert"
* "Too Many Losers"

## Line up

* Rocky Newton - lead vocals, bass
* John Lockton - guitar
* Frank Noon - drums
# Agyneta boninensis

Agyneta boninensis is a species of sheet weaver found in Japan. It was described by Saito in 1982.
# Tsvetan Radoslavov

Tsvetan Radoslavov Hadzhidenkov (Bulgarian: Цветан Радославов Хаджиденков; 1863–1931) was a Bulgarian educator and the author of the current national anthem of Bulgaria, "Mila Rodino".
Born in Svishtov in 1863, he graduated in philosophy in Leipzig. In 1885, while en route to the battlefield during the Serbo-Bulgarian War, Radoslavov composed the song Gorda Stara Planina ("Proud Old Mountain"), which was polished by the composer Dobri Hristov in 1905 and became the national anthem of Bulgaria in 1964 as Mila Rodino. The song was written in 1885 but did not become the national anthem until 1964.
Besides creating the Bulgarian national anthem, Radoslavov was also a prominent scientist. He was one of the three Bulgarians (with Dr Krastyo Krastev and Dimitar Aleksiev) that studied for their doctoral degree under the supervision of the father of modern psychology, Wilhelm Wundt. Rejecting invitations to work as a teacher in Vienna, Leipzig and Prague, he returned to Bulgaria to work at the Third High School for Boys in Sofia, believing he was helping the development of modern Bulgaria by teaching students European and ancient languages, psychology, ethics and logic.
Radoslavov lived in a small apartment at 3 Angel Kanchev Street, where he is commemorated today by a plaque by Georgi Chapkanov [ru].Tsvetan Radoslavov died on October 27, 1931 (aged 68) in Sofia, Tsardom of Bulgaria.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Agency, Central Intelligence (2015-01-01). The World Factbook. Masterlab. ISBN 978-83-7991-213-1.
* ↑ Goldstein, 2005, p. 69
# 2009 IIHF World U18 Championship Division I

The 2009 IIHF World U18 Championship Division I was an international under-18 ice hockey competition organised by the International Ice Hockey Federation. Both Division I tournaments made up the second level of the 2009 IIHF World U18 Championships. The Group A tournament was played in Minsk, Belarus, and the Group B tournament was played in Asiago, Italy. Belarus and Latvia won the Group A and B tournaments respectively and gained promotion to the Top Division of the 2010 IIHF World U18 Championships.

## Group A

The Group A tournament was played in Minsk, Belarus at the Ice Palace from 6 to 12 April 2009.

### Final standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | OTW | OTL | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Belarus | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 6 | +17 | 14 | Promoted to the 2010 Top Division |
| 2 | Poland | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 13 | +12 | 10 | |
| 3 | Hungary | 5 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 18 | +1 | 10 | |
| 4 | Kazakhstan | 5 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 21 | −5 | 7 | |
| 5 | Lithuania | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 13 | 16 | −3 | 4 | |
| 6 | Ukraine | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 7 | 29 | −22 | 0 | Relegated to the 2010 Division II |

### Results

All times are local.

## Group B

The Group B tournament was played in Asiago, Italy at PalaOdegar from 29 March to 4 April 2009.

### Final standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | OTW | OTL | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Latvia | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 10 | +8 | 12 | Promoted to the 2010 Top Division |
| 2 | Denmark | 5 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 7 | +8 | 10 | |
| 3 | Austria | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 20 | +1 | 10 | |
| 4 | France | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 17 | −2 | 6 | |
| 5 | Japan | 5 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 16 | −3 | 5 | |
| 6 | Italy | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 20 | −12 | 2 | Relegated to the 2010 Division II |

### Results

All times are local.

### Leading scorers

| Player | Country | GP | G | A | Pts | +/- | PIM |
| Bartlomiej Neupauer | Poland | 5 | 5 | 6 | 11 | +8 | 6 |
| Kacper Guzik | Poland | 5 | 6 | 4 | 10 | +7 | 35 |
| Benjamin Nemes | Hungary | 5 | 5 | 4 | 9 | +1 | 0 |
| Damian Kapica | Poland | 5 | 3 | 6 | 9 | +8 | 2 |
| Kevin Puschnik | Austria | 5 | 4 | 4 | 8 | +0 | 4 |
| Richard Hardi | Hungary | 5 | 2 | 6 | 8 | +0 | 4 |
| Janos Hari | Hungary | 5 | 3 | 4 | 7 | +3 | 6 |
| Dovydas Streckis | Lithuania | 5 | 2 | 5 | 7 | +0 | 10 |
| Victor Barbero | France | 5 | 5 | 1 | 6 | −1 | 6 |
| Nikolai Suslo | Belarus | 5 | 3 | 3 | 6 | +5 | 6 |

### Top goaltenders

| Player | Country | GP | Min | GAA | SV% | SO |
| Lasse Jensen | Denmark | 4 | 230:48 | 0.50 | .980 | 2 |
| Andrei Novikov | Belarus | 3 | 150:19 | 0.80 | .956 | 2 |
| Bartlomiej Niesluchowski | Poland | 3 | 181:28 | 1.98 | .934 | 1 |
| Jānis Kalniņš | Latvia | 3 | 144:43 | 1.66 | .933 | 1 |
| Ren Yamaguchi | Japan | 4 | 253:45 | 2.60 | .929 | 0 |
# Chief of Defence Staff (Jamaica)

The Chief of Defence Staff is the professional head of the Jamaica Defence Force. They are responsible for the administration and the operational control of the Jamaican military. It is the highest ranked military position in the country.

## JDF Chiefs
### Chiefs of Staff (1962–2007)

| No. | Chief of Staff | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
| 1 | Crook, PaulBrigadier Paul Edwin Crook [de] (1915–2004) | 31 July 1962 | 1965 | 2–3 years |
| 2 | Smith, DavidBrigadier David Hartman Smith | 1965 | 1973 | 7–8 years |
| 3 | Robinson, DunstanBrigadier Dunstan Fitzgerald Robinson (born 1944) | 1973 | 1973 | 0 years |
| 4 | Green, RudolphMajor General Rudolph Edward George Green | 1973 | 1979 | 5–6 years |
| 5 | Neish, RobertMajor General Robert James Neish | 1979 | 1990 | 10–11 years |
| 6 | Brady, PeterRear Admiral Peter Lorenzo Brady | 1990 | 1998 | 7–8 years |
| 7 | Simmonds, JohnMajor General John I Simmonds | 1998 | 2002 | 3–4 years |
| 8 | Lewin, HardleyRear Admiral Hardley M Lewin | 2002 | 2007 | 4–5 years |
| 9 | Saunders, StewartMajor General Stewart Emerson Saunders | 2007 | 2007 | 0 years |
In December 2007 the title of Chief of Staff was replaced by Chief of Defence Staff and filled by an incumbent.

### Chiefs of Defence Staff (2008–present)

| No. | Chief of Defence Staff | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
| 1 | Saunders, StewartMajor General Stewart Emerson Saunders | 2008 | 9 October 2010 | 1–2 years |
| 2 | Anderson, AntonyMajor General Antony Bertram Anderson | 9 October 2010 | 1 December 2016 | 6 years |
| 3 | Meade, RockyLieutenant General Rocky Ricardo Meade (born 1963) | 1 December 2016 | 21 January 2022 | 8 years |
| 4 | Wemyss Gorman, AntonetteRear Admiral Antonette Wemyss Gorman (born 1972 or 1973) | 21 January 2022 | Incumbent | 3 years |
# Utraquist school

An utraquist school or utraquist gymnasium is a term for bilingual education in some countries, in which the subjects were taught both in a state language and in the language of some ethnic minority. The term "utraquist" here is in an analogy with the Catholic concept of utraquism (from Latin: uterque, utraque, "both"/"each (of the two)").
Such schools existed, e.g., in Poland, in areas dominated by Ukrainians and Belarusians ("Kresy Wschodnie"), and in Austria-Hungary/Austria of 19th and early 20th centuries, in the areas of numerous ethnic minorities. In both cases, these types of schools were considered to be instrumented of ethnic assimilation (Polonization and Germanisation respectively.) In Poland, some other utraquist schools taught in Polish and Yiddish languages.
An account traced the root of the utraquist school to the concept called revelatio, which denotes an insight drawn from ancient authorities and texts. The church was one of the earliest institutions to practice it. The use of the utraquist model, however, declined for several decades due to the policies that ban compulsory second language use in the classroom.
The concept was reintroduced in a different form, the Content and Language Integrated Learning or CLIL. Bilingual schools are promoted in the European Union education policy, particularly for secondary education.
# Brougher Mountain transmitting station

Brougher Mountain transmitting station is a major transmitting station in Northern Ireland. It is located between County Tyrone and County Fermanagh, on top of a 317 m (1,040 ft) high hill called Brougher Mountain.
It has four other transmitter sites in its digital television transmitter group, at Ederny, Derrygonnelly, Belcoo, and Lisbellaw.
Brougher Mountain came into service on 24 February 1964, transmitting the BBC Television Service on VHF 405 lines.
The ITV service provided by Ulster Television launched from the Strabane transmitter located 40 miles north of Brougher Mountain on 18 February 1963 and its coverage extended down to the area covered by Brougher Mountain. prior to date the only television service available in many parts of its service area was from Telefís Éireann's Truskmore transmitter which opened in 1962.
It became the main UHF transmitter for the area in July 1978, when BBC One, BBC Two and UTV started transmitting in colour on the 625 line UHF service and was the last main transmitting station in the UK to be equipped for UHF. Channel 4 started transmitting from the transmitter in December 1983.
Due to its close proximity to the Republic of Ireland, since the transmitter went on air in 1964, many living in counties Cavan, Monaghan, Donegal, Leitrim, Roscommon and Sligo could receive the UK channels via spill-over signals from Brougher Mountain, as well as the Strabane transmitter.
During the mid-1980s Brougher Mountain was the only one of the original BBC main FM transmitters in Northern Ireland affected by the frequency changes arising from the 1984 Geneva (FM) Frequency plan with all (then) three services moving up 0.5 MHz although across the border in the Republic of Ireland the RTE's FM transmitter network were more extensively affected.
The site was the location of an Provisional IRA bombing on the 9th February 1971, which left 5 BBC workers dead when their vehicle was destroyed by a landmine. The workers were travelling up the mountain to repair the transmitter when the landmine, which was detonated by a tripwire, detonated. It has been suggested that the booby trap was in fact set to target members of the British Army, who regularly patrolled in the border area.

## Services transmitted by frequency
### Analogue radio

| Frequency | kW | Service | Notes |
| 89.4 MHz | 5 | BBC Radio 2 | 88.9 MHz Prior to c.1985 |
| 91.6 MHz | 5 | BBC Radio 3 | 91.1 MHz Prior to c.1985 |
| 93.8 MHz | 5 | BBC Radio Ulster | 93.3 MHz Prior to c.1985 |
| 95.6 MHz | 5 | BBC Radio 4 | Since 1993 |
| 96.6 MHz | 5 | Downtown Radio | Since 1987 |
| 99.0 MHz | 5 | BBC Radio 1 | Since 1993 |
| 101.2 MHz | | Q Radio Tyrone & Fermanagh | Since 2006 |

### Digital radio

| Frequency | Block | kW | Operator |
| 225.648 MHz | 12B | 3.2 | BBC National DAB |
| 229.072 MHz | 12D | 4.35 | Bauer Northern Ireland |

### Analogue television (before 24 October 2012)

| Frequency | UHF | kW | Service |
| 479.25 MHz | 22 | 100 | BBC One Northern Ireland |
| 503.25 MHz | 25 | 100 | UTV |
| 527.25 MHz | 28 | 100 | BBC Two Northern Ireland |
| 559.25 MHz | 32 | 100 | Channel 4 |