# Willow Creek, California

Willow Creek (formerly China Flat) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Humboldt County, California, United States. The population was 1,710 at the 2010 census, down from 1,743 at the 2000 census. The town is located around 30 miles (48 km) from county seat and harbor city Eureka.
Willow Creek sits along the Trinity River. Willow Creek is described as a "rugged mountain community nestled in the heart of the Six Rivers National Forest." This area of California is located in the Trinity/Shasta/Cascade Region, near the Oregon border, and is easily reached via State Routes 299 and 96 (the "Bigfoot Scenic Byway").
The town is approximately 50 miles (80 km) south of where the Patterson-Gimlin film was made. Willow Creek calls itself the Bigfoot capital of the world, has a Bigfoot Museum and holds an annual "Bigfoot Daze" festival in September in honor of the cryptid, followed by various festivities in a local park. The roadhead of the Bluff Creek / Fish Lake Road, near which many alleged Bigfoot sightings and footprint finds occurred, is about 50 miles (80 km) north, along Route 96.

## History

The indigenous people from here are part of the Tsnungwe or South Fork Hupa and are speakers of the Hupa Language. Willow Creek's first non-indigenous settlers were Chinese laborers from the mining and lumber camps, which earned the town the name China Flat. The China Flat post office opened in 1878, and changed its name to Willow Creek in 1915.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 30.6 square miles (79 km$^2$), which include 30.3 square miles (78 km$^2$) of land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km$^2$) of water.
The CDP in 2000, according to the United States Census Bureau, was larger with a total area of 204.5 square miles (530 km$^2$), which included 204.4 square miles (529 km$^2$) of land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km$^2$) of water.

### Climate

This region experiences much warmer summers than locations near the coast, such as county seat Eureka, but retains high winter rainfall associated with coastal locations. Daytime highs in summer represent areas with hot-summer-Mediterranean climates but are moderated by cool nights, causing high diurnal temperature variation. On climate maps, Willow Creek has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa). Summer highs are extremely hot compared to areas of the county affected by coastal fog. At the same time, winters are considerably colder, with light snowfall not unusual a few times per season.
Climate data for Willow Creek, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1968–present :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 70 (21) | 76 (24) | 85 (29) | 96 (36) | 105 (41) | 112 (44) | 119 (48) | 115 (46) | 108 (42) | 99 (37) | 80 (27) | 65 (18) | 119 (48) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 59.6 (15.3) | 67.1 (19.5) | 76.6 (24.8) | 86.1 (30.1) | 93.7 (34.3) | 100.1 (37.8) | 105.6 (40.9) | 105.0 (40.6) | 99.9 (37.7) | 86.2 (30.1) | 69.3 (20.7) | 58.8 (14.9) | 107.8 (42.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 53.5 (11.9) | 57.0 (13.9) | 63.0 (17.2) | 69.9 (21.1) | 77.6 (25.3) | 86.2 (30.1) | 95.2 (35.1) | 94.5 (34.7) | 87.9 (31.1) | 74.6 (23.7) | 58.8 (14.9) | 50.4 (10.2) | 72.4 (22.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 44.3 (6.8) | 46.3 (7.9) | 50.4 (10.2) | 55.1 (12.8) | 60.9 (16.1) | 67.6 (19.8) | 74.0 (23.3) | 73.3 (22.9) | 67.7 (19.8) | 58.5 (14.7) | 49.1 (9.5) | 43.3 (6.3) | 57.5 (14.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 35.0 (1.7) | 35.5 (1.9) | 37.8 (3.2) | 40.3 (4.6) | 44.1 (6.7) | 49.0 (9.4) | 52.7 (11.5) | 52.0 (11.1) | 47.4 (8.6) | 42.4 (5.8) | 39.3 (4.1) | 36.1 (2.3) | 42.6 (5.9) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 29.0 (−1.7) | 28.9 (−1.7) | 31.1 (−0.5) | 33.2 (0.7) | 37.2 (2.9) | 41.5 (5.3) | 46.6 (8.1) | 46.3 (7.9) | 42.2 (5.7) | 34.1 (1.2) | 31.0 (−0.6) | 28.3 (−2.1) | 24.6 (−4.1) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 17 (−8) | 13 (−11) | 22 (−6) | 24 (−4) | 27 (−3) | 29 (−2) | 34 (1) | 39 (4) | 32 (0) | 22 (−6) | 19 (−7) | 5 (−15) | 5 (−15) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 10.16 (258) | 7.75 (197) | 7.02 (178) | 3.81 (97) | 2.50 (64) | 0.94 (24) | 0.22 (5.6) | 0.31 (7.9) | 0.69 (18) | 2.86 (73) | 7.46 (189) | 11.76 (299) | 55.48 (1,410.5) |
| Source 1: NOAA ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 1991–2020) ||||||||||||||

## Demographics
### 2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Willow Creek had a population of 1,710. The population density was 55.9 inhabitants per square mile (21.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of Willow Creek was 1,375 (80.4%) White, 6 (0.4%) African American, 167 (9.8%) Native American, 14 (0.8%) Asian, 6 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 29 (1.7%) from other races, and 113 (6.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 108 persons (6.3%).
The Census reported that 1,699 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 11 (0.6%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.
There were 812 households, out of which 161 (19.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 353 (43.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 63 (7.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 32 (3.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 75 (9.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 7 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships; 283 households (34.9%) were made up of individuals, and 94 (11.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09. There were 448 families (55.2% of all households); the average family size was 2.65.
The population was spread out, with 287 people (16.8%) under the age of 18, 100 people (5.8%) aged 18 to 24, 366 people (21.4%) aged 25 to 44, 642 people (37.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 315 people (18.4%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.1 males.
There were 1,108 housing units at an average density of 36.2 units per square mile (14.0 units/km$^2$), of which 812 were occupied, of which 525 (64.7%) were owner-occupied, and 287 (35.3%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.2%. 1,087 people (63.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 612 people (35.8%) lived in rental housing units.

### 2000

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,743 people, 772 households, and 481 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 8.5 people per square mile (3.3 people/km$^2$). There were 1,099 housing units at an average density of 5.4 units per square mile (2.1 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 81.81% White, 0.52% Black or African American, 9.52% Native American, 0.57% Asian, 0.34% Pacific Islander, 1.43% from other races, and 5.79% from two or more races. 5.57% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 772 households, out of which 24.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.9% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. Of all households, 31.6% were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.81.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.5% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 30.1% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $27,276, and the median income for a family was $35,720. Males had a median income of $33,375 versus $27,955 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,664. About 10.3% of families and 14.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.8% of those under age 18 and 2.3% of those age 65 or over.

## Government
### Politics

In the state legislature, Willow Creek is in the 2nd Senate District, represented by Democrat Mike McGuire, and the 2nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Chris Rogers.
Federally, Willow Creek is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.

## Media

Willow Creek was served for many decades by the weekly Klamity Kourier newspaper, which closed in 2006 and was quickly replaced by the Bigfoot Valley News. The Bigfoot Valley News has since closed, but the regional newspaper, Two Rivers Tribune (www.tworiverstribune.com), opened in 1994 and is still going strong. Its news coverage area is from Burnt Ranch to Happy Camp, 97.5 miles (156.9 km) (by Routes 299 and 96) to the north.