OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# China CITIC Bank International

China CITIC Bank International (Chinese: 中信銀行 (國際); CNCBI in short) is a Hong Kong full-service commercial bank.
China CITIC Bank Corporation Limited, via its wholly-owned subsidiary CITIC International Financial Holdings Limited, is CNCBI's controlling shareholder with a 75% stake. The CITIC Group Corporation of Beijing is CNCBI's ultimate parent company.
As of December 2023, CNCBI had 24 branches and two business banking centres in Hong Kong, as well as presence in various international locations. CNCBI's total assets stood at HK$470.39 billion.

## History

In 1926 Ka Wah Savings Bank Limited (Traditional Chinese: 嘉華儲蓄銀行有限公司) was founded in Hong Kong. Ka Wah Ngan Ho in Guangzhou then became Ka Wah Savings Bank's Guangzhou Branch. That same year the bank was renamed as Ka Wah Bank Public Limited Company (Traditional Chinese: 嘉華銀行公眾有限公司).
In 1986 the bank suffered financial difficulties, and CITIC Group injected HK$350 million capital into the bank. In 1998 the bank was renamed as CITIC Ka Wah Bank Limited.
In 2002 CITIC Ka Wah Bank was privatized by CITIC International Financial Holdings and it became a whole-owned subsidiary of CITIC International Financial Holdings.
In May 2010, the bank was renamed again as China CITIC Bank International.
In 2018, CNCBI launched its mobile banking platform inMotion.
# Marnes de Dormans

The Marnes de Dormans is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
# Banned in the U.S.A. (song)

"Banned in the U.S.A." is a song recorded by the American hip hop group 2 Live Crew. It was released on May 3, 1990, as the lead single from their fourth album of the same name. "Banned in the U.S.A." was also released on the alternate version of the album, credited as Luke's debut solo album, titled The Luke LP. The song peaked at number 20 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart and is the group's highest-charting song on that chart. It also reached number-one on the U.S. Billboard Hot Rap Tracks chart.

## Content

The song is a reference to the decision in a court case that the 2 Live Crew's album As Nasty as They Wanna Be was obscene. (The decision would later be overturned on appeal.) It contains a sample of a Ronald Reagan impressionist proclaiming the United States' government to be a government "Of the people, for the people, by the people."

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "Banned in the U.S.A." :
| Chart (1990) | Peak Position |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 32 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 28 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 13 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 20 |
# Isobutanol

Isobutanol (IUPAC nomenclature: 2-methylpropan-1-ol) is an organic compound with the formula (CH$_3$)$_2$CHCH$_2$OH (sometimes represented as i-BuOH). This colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic smell is mainly used as a solvent either directly or as its esters. Its isomers are 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol, all of which are important industrially.

## History and occurrence

Fusel alcohols including isobutanol are grain fermentation byproducts. Therefore, trace amounts of isobutanol may be present in many alcoholic beverages.
In 1852 Charles Adolphe Wurtz subjected such alcohols to fractional distillation and identified in some of them a butylic alcohol boiling at around 108°C. Its structure was initially unclear, with some chemists believing it corresponded to butyric acid, but theoretical considerations indicated that normal butanol should have a higher boiling point, and in 1867 Emil Erlenmeyer and independently Vladimir Markovnikov determined its actual structure by proving its oxidation product to be isobutyric acid.

## Production

Isobutanol is produced by the carbonylation of propylene. Two methods are practiced industrially, hydroformylation is more common and generates a mixture of isobutyraldehyde and butyraldehyde:
    CH$_3$CH=CH$_2$ + CO + H$_2$ → CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$CHO
The reaction is catalyzed by cobalt or rhodium complexes. The resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to the alcohols, which are then separated. In Reppe carbonylation, the same products are obtained, but the hydrogenation is effected by the water-gas shift reaction.

### Laboratory synthesis

Propanol and methanol can be reacted to produce isobutyl alcohol via Guerbet condensation.

### Biosynthesis of isobutanol

E. coli as well as several other organisms has been genetically modified to produce C4 alcohols from glucose, including isobutanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2-phenylethanol. The host's highly active amino acid biosynthetic pathway is shifted to alcohol production. α-Ketoisovalerate, derived from valine, is prone to decarboxylation to give isobutyraldehyde, which is susceptible to reduction to the alcohol:
    (CH$_3$)$_2$CHC(O)CO$_2$H → (CH$_3$)$_2$CHCHO + CO$_2$
    (CH$_3$)$_2$CHCHO + NADH + H$^+$ → (CH$_3$)$_2$CHCH$_2$OH + NAD$^+$

## Applications

The uses of isobutanol and 1-butanol are similar. They are often used interchangeably. The main applications are as varnishes and precursors to esters, which are useful solvents, e.g. isobutyl acetate. Isobutyl esters of phthalic, adipic, and related dicarboxylic acids are common plasticizers. Isobutanol is also a component of some biofuels.

## Safety and regulation

Isobutanol is one of the least toxic of the butanols with an LD$_{50}$ of 2460 mg/kg (rat, oral).
In March 2009, the Government of Canada announced a ban on isobutanol use in cosmetics.
# Tom Leek

Thomas J. Leek (born August 6, 1968) is an American politician and attorney who has served as a member of the Florida Senate from the 7th district since 2024, representing all of St. Johns, Putnam, and Flagler County, as well as northern parts of Volusia County. Previously, he served in the Florida House of Representatives from the 25th district from 2016 to 2024.
# Jim Hargrett

James T. Hargrett Jr. (born July 31, 1942) is a former state legislator in Florida. He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1982 to 1992 (63rd district). He also served in the Florida Senate from 1992 to 2000.
In 1998, Hargrett was one of several African-American Democrats in the Florida Legislature to endorse Republican Jeb Bush for Governor.
He is a descendant of Amos Hargrett.
# J. Wofford Lindler

J. Wofford Lindler (August 20, 1897 – June 24, 1954), also known as James Wofford Lindler, was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives. He also served as a member for the 14th district of the Florida Senate.
# St. Joseph Chapel, Americankettu North West

St. Joseph Chapel, Americankettu North West, is in Cheloor, a village in Irinjalakuda, Trichur, Kerala, India, on the coast of the Arabian Sea. The nearest beach is Kakkathuruthi. It has one of the magnificent churches of the Kerala Syro Malabar Catholic community. St. Joseph Chapel, Americankettu North West, is under the governance of Cheloor St. Mary's Church.
Built in 2009–10 and consecrated on 1 May 2010 on the feast of May Day, a special day for the patron of workers, Saint Joseph, this chapel was named after him. Mr. A. O. Jacob of Achangadon built this chapel out of his own money and handed it over to St. Mary's Church.
Daily rosary prayers are offered by the neighbours here in the evening. Built in a modern architectural style it attracts many visitors.
# Timothy Ford

Timothy Ford (born 1887) was an American long-distance runner who won the Boston Marathon in 1906. At the age of eighteen, he is the youngest person ever to have won that race.
Ford was a plumber’s assistant from East Cambridge, Massachusetts. He first began running in 1904, when he competed in a ten-mile cross-country run held by the St. Alphonsus Athletic Association in Roxbury, Massachusetts, finishing in ninth place. He next competed in the Boston Marathon in 1905, and finished in fifteenth place with a time of 3:01.
Ford trained for the 1906 Boston Marathon under the guidance of the noted athletic trainer Frank “Tad” Gormley, beginning in the previous December with long walks, and only started running in February. Less than two weeks before the race Ford did a trial run of 22 ½ miles, mainly on the Marathon course, which he completed in 2:14. Five foot tall and weighing 113 ½ pounds, Ford was in fourteenth place in the Marathon race at the five-mile checkpoint in South Framingham, but worked his way up the field through a strong headwind and caught the leader, David Kneeland, at Charlesgate East, less than a mile from the finish. After a heavily contested battle with Kneeland, Ford finished in a time of 2:45:45, six seconds ahead of Kneeland. This would remain the closest Boston Marathon finish until 1971.
Ford ran under the colors of the Hampshire Athletic Association, an organization that did not exist. Ford could not obtain the sponsorship of an established athletic club, and so named his affiliation after Hampshire Street in Cambridge, where most of his friends lived.
Ford decided not to defend his title in 1907, believing that other runners had injured their chances by trying to win two consecutive marathons. He stated that he would enter the race in 1908, when he expected to beat the existing record of Jack Caffery. However, he did not run in 1908 either; rather, he followed the leaders in an automobile, and when the eventual winner Tom Morrissey took the lead, Ford attempted to give Morrissey coaching advice from the automobile. Morrissey told Ford to go away, fearing that he could be disqualified for receiving assistance from someone other than his official handler. When Ford continued to provide unwanted coaching advice, Morrissey grabbed Ford’s cap and tossed it into the crowd. Ford stopped to retrieve his cap, and Morrissey cruised on to victory.
# Shannon Thunderbird

Shannon Thunderbird is a Coast Tsimshian First Nations singer-songwriter, speaker, educator, recording artist, playwright, and author.

## Biography

She is an Elder of the Giluts'aaw tribe, Royal House of Niis'gumiik, Gispwudwada (Orca) Clan. She is a medicine wheel teacher and artist/educator who communicates time-honoured indigenous knowledge in a variety of ways, workshops/seminars, drumming circles, stage shows, written word. Thunderbird has worked with thousands of people all over North America, Europe and Asia. In particular, she and her performance partner, Sandy Horne of the Canadian synthpop band the Spoons, have presented to over three hundred and fifty thousand students in elementary, secondary schools, universities and colleges across Canada and the United States. She is President of Teya Peya Productions, a First Nations arts/education company she founded in 1991 that includes the Thunderbird Native Theatre and Red Cedar Sisters Vocal Trio to which she is the Artistic Director.
Her touring shows include "Wolf Thunder: Big Drums Are Calling!", "Turtle Thunder Sings", "Sweet Thunder Medicine Wheel", "Daughter of the Copper Shield", "Thunder Rolling in the Mountains", Thunder Wolf Songwriting, Vocals and Drumming, Spirit Thunder Drumming and vocal workshops celebrating cultural diversity and North American indigenous cultures.
Thunderbird is also an advocate for Indigenous rights, pointing out the injustice and repercussions of the Indian Act. She is also an advocate for right of Indigenous women to take part in drumming.

## Written works

* Truth and Timelessness: Indigenous Medicine Wheel Knowledge. 2020
* Featured Contributor: We Do It This Way, ED. Dr. April Go Forth, Thoz Womenz Inc., Alturas, California, 2014
* Featured Contributor: The Art of Living, A Practical Guide to Being Alive. ED. Claire Elizabeth Terry, Kairos, Spain, 2008.

## Discography

* Wind Centre (released, March 2011 with Performance Partner, Sandy Horne.
* May Your Spirit Be Strong
* New CD, "Red Cedar Sisters" due out 2020.
# Tyler Sirois

Tyler Sirois is a Republican member of the Florida Legislature representing the state's 31st House District, which includes part of Brevard County on Florida's Space Coast.
He sponsored HB 3 in Florida in an effort to protect minors on the internet. This would force websites to required age verification or face hefty fines. In response to HB 3 Pornhub, said it will block access in Florida starting January 1, 2025.

## Early life and education

Sirois graduated from Florida State University in 2006, where he was a member of Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity.

## Florida House of Representatives

Sirois defeated Henry Parrish in the August 28, 2018 Republican primary, winning 61.5% of the vote. In the November 6, 2018 general election, Sirois won 57.73% of the vote, defeating Democrat Mike Blake.
Sirois is a co-chairman of the Florida Legislature's Space Caucus, a group of members supporting the expansion of Florida's commercial aerospace industry.
# Vicki Lopez

Vicki Lopez is an American politician. She serves as a Republican member for the 113th district of the Florida House of Representatives, first elected in 2022 by securing 51 percent of the vote.

## Early life

Lopez was born in Tampa, and raised in Fort Myers. She attended the University of Notre Dame. She is a longtime activist who today runs Miami-based VLL Consulting. She is a former member of the Lee County Commission and served under three Governors, specializing in education, criminal and juvenile justice.

## Political career

In November 1990, Lopez was elected to the Board of County Commissioners for Lee County, Florida. She resigned in January 1993.
In 1997, Lopez was wrongfully convicted for honest services mail fraud and sentenced to 27 months in federal prison. Her sentence was commuted by President Bill Clinton in November 2000, after serving more than 15 months. The conviction was vacated by the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida in February 2011. Lopez’s experience led to a lifetime of activism in criminal justice reform, assisting others who have faced wrongful convictions and working for better public policy. She has worked on programs to assist inmates in reentering society and managing the negative stigmatism often associated with a criminal conviction, whether warranted or falsely accused.
After her release, Lopez worked as an advocate under Governor Jeb Bush, specializing in criminal justice reform. She also took up leadership roles with the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce.
In August 2022, Lopez returned to elected office, defeating Alberto Perosch in the Republican primary election for the 113th district of the Florida House of Representatives. In November 2022, she defeated Alessandro D'Amico in the general election, winning 51 percent of the votes.
As an elected official, Lopez has sponsored and passed numerous bills on behalf of the constituents of District 113. In the aftermath of the Surfside Condominium Collapse of 2021, residents of Miami-Dade County expressed great concerns over condominium safety. Lopez introduced and passed HB 1029, the My Safe Florida Condominium Pilot Program, which went into law on July 1, 2024.

## Personal life

Lopez married Sylvester Lukis in 1994.
Lopez's son, Donald Wolfe III, was the Chief of Staff for Miami City Mayor Francis Suarez.
Lopez owns and runs VLL Consulting, a Florida-based government and public affairs firm.
# Nestlé Tutbury

Nestlé Tutbury is a large coffee factory in Derbyshire. It is the longest running Nestlé factory in the world, outside of Switzerland.
Nestlé is the world's largest food and drink company. The site is not in Tutbury, but slightly north on the southern edge of Derbyshire.

## History

It made powdered milk during World War II.

### New buildings

The new buildings opened on 9 June 1959.
In the early 1980s, the residents of Hatton were displeased at the noise from the factory. Steam expulsions happened every 20 minutes, throughout the night.
Nestle updated the factory in 1990, with a £5.5m investment, replacing the outdated machinery, to open in 1991. The £7m new roaster plant opened in early 1993, with a £7m extractor plant being built.

### Employees

Nestlé moved its regional office staff from West Bridgford to the Tutbury factory in October 1976.
On Friday 12 September 1980 at 4.25pm, 30 year old worker Noel Dolan, of Bournville, fell 30ft to his death, when demolishing a boiler.
The local Tutbury fire station, of Staffordshire Fire and Rescue Service, has staff from the factory.

### Coffee production

In the 1970s Nestlé had around 50% of the UK coffee production. Nestlé introduced instant coffee to the UK in 1939. Until the late 1980s, most instant coffee in the UK was made with Robusta coffee, and the spray drying process. In 2000, Nestlé had a 56% share of the UK's £650m coffee production.
Nestlé España have Nestlé's largest European coffee factory in Girona (Gerona) in the east of Spain, near the French border.
All of Nestlé's UK and Ireland coffee production was moved to the site in 2014, increasing 400 jobs.

### Visits

* Prime Minister David Cameron visited the factory on Thursday 24 November 2011, when the site was given £110m of investment.
* The site was featured on an hour-long BBC Two documentary about coffee production on Tuesday 17 July 2018.

## Structure

The site has around 1000 employees.

### Site production

It makes around 175,000 jars of coffee a day. It makes around 35,000 tonnes of coffee a year for the UK and Ireland.
# Wallace Aristide

Wallace Aristide is a Haitian-born American politician. He serves as a Democratic member for the 107th district of the Florida House of Representatives.
# Ülkü Adatepe

Ülkü Adatepe (born Ülkü Çukurluoğlu; November 27, 1932 – August 1, 2012) was the youngest adopted daughter of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Her interactions with Atatürk were often featured in Turkish media, including the cover of the Alfabe textbook, which featured Ülkü studying with Atatürk.
She died in a road accident in 2012.
# Wayne C. McCall

Wayne C. McCall (October 16, 1918 – April 11, 1980) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the 32nd district of the Florida House of Representatives.

## Life and career

McCall was born in Panama City, Florida. He attended the College of South Georgia, the University of Florida and Emory University.
In 1974, McCall was elected to represent the 32nd district of the Florida House of Representatives, succeeding Buddy MacKay. He served until 1980, when he was succeeded by Chris Meffert.
McCall died on April 11, 1980, at the age of 61.
# Thomas Bolton

Thomas or Tom Bolton may refer to:
* Thomas Nelson, 2nd Earl Nelson (1786–1835), born Thomas Bolton
* Thomas Bolton (microscopist) (1831-1887), English businessman, zoologist, and microscopist
* Thomas Bolton (politician) (1841–1906), British politician
* Thomas Henry Bolton (1841–1916), British solicitor and politician
* Thomas Bolton (mayor) (died 1862), mayor of the Borough of Liverpool, England
* Tom Bolton (astronomer) (1943–2021), American-Canadian astronomer
* Tom Bolton (baseball) (born 1962), American professional baseball pitcher
* Tom Bolton, winner of the Distinguished Canadian Retail of the Year Award, 1983
# William A. Washburne Jr.

William A. Washburne Jr. (died March 24, 1974) was an American politician. He served as a Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Before moving to Florida in 1947 Washburne lived in White Plains, New York and worked as an executive for the Gulf Oil company.
Washburne was a campaign manager for the GOP in 1952. Washburne served in the Florida House of Representatives in 1953. In 1956, Washburne was the Republican candidate for governor of Florida losing to Leroy Collins. Washburne died March 24, 1974, at the age of 76 in Bay Pines hospital.
# Peri Bearman

Peri J. Bearman (born 1953) is an academic scholar of Islamic law. She was the associate director of the Islamic Legal Studies Program at Harvard Law School. She is also currently the editor-in-chief and Islam section editor for the Journal of the American Oriental Society (JAOS).

## Life

Peri Bearman took degrees in Arabic and Islamic studies from the University of Leiden. She was the Islamic Studies acquisitions editor at Brill Publishers from 1990–1997 during which time she founded the journal Islamic Law and Society, the reference works Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān and Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures, the series Studies in Islamic Law and Society, and numerous other projects that came into being after her departure for Harvard. She was a member of the editorial board of the second edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam.

## Selected publications

* (ed. with Rudolph Peters and Frank E. Vogel) The Islamic School of Law: Evolution, Devolution, and Progress, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Islamic Legal Studies Program, Harvard Law School : Distributed by Harvard University Press, 2005. Harvard series in Islamic law, 2.
* (ed. with Wolfhart Heinrichs and Bernard G. Weiss) The Law Applied: Contextualizing the Islamic Shari'a. A Volume in Honor of Frank E. Vogel, London: I.B. Tauris, 2008.
* Peri Bearman, "Islamic Law: In the MENA Region," in Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern World (editor-in-chief: Peter N. Stearns), 4 vols., New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
* (ed. with Rudolph Peters) The Ashgate Research Companion to Islamic Law, Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate, 2014.
* Peri Bearman, A History of the Encyclopaedia of Islam, Atlanta: Lockwood Press, 2018.
# Francis Wheeler Loomis

Francis Wheeler Loomis (August 4, 1889 – February 9, 1976), born in Parkersburg, West Virginia, was an American scientist most widely known for his contributions in the field of physics. Loomis received his undergraduate degree and, in 1917, his PhD from Harvard University. His thesis was on thermodynamic measurements of mercury.
Loomis was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1928 studying abroad at Zürich and Göttingen. In 1929, Loomis came to the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign to become the head of the department of physics, a position he would retain until 1957. Loomis was challenged in bringing top-notch physics talent to a university in the rural Midwest. When approached by Loomis to join his staff, Isidor Isaac Rabi stated bluntly "I love subways and I hate cows." While building the department, Loomis attracted two-time Nobel recipient John Bardeen to join the staff, and had 1955 Nobel Prize winner Polykarp Kusch as a graduate student. Loomis was elected president of the American Physical Society and a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1949.
In World War I, Loomis served at the Aberdeen proving ground, where he was an Army Ordnance captain. During World War II, he was the associate head of the MIT Radiation Laboratory supporting the national defense and served a two-year period as the organizer of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory. The interruption of the war also required Loomis to restart his building of the physics department as two-thirds of the faculty he added in the 1930s moved elsewhere due to the many defense projects related to the war. Loomis founded the Control Systems Laboratory as a research center for national defense purposes during the Korean War. After the war ended and the work done there became unclassified, the facility was renamed the Coordinated Science Laboratory.
At the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign the main physics building was renamed the Loomis Laboratory of Physics posthumously in his honor.
# Tüvshinshiree, Sükhbaatar

Tüvshinshiree (Mongolian: Түвшинширээ) is a sum (district) of Sükhbaatar Province in eastern Mongolia. In 2009, its population was 3,030.

## Administrative divisions

The district is divided into five bags, which are:
* Delgerkhaan
* Sergelen
* Uguumur
* Ulziit
* Unegt