OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Act+Fast Anti Choking Trainer

The Act+Fast Anti Choking Trainer, also known as the “Choking Rescue Training Vest”, is a simulation device manufactured by Act+Fast LLC, a company based in California. It helps practice choking rescue techniques and is mainly used in basic airway management to teach choking rescue protocols, abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) and the back slap method. The Anti Choking Trainer was exhibited at the 2008 EMS Expo in Las Vegas, Nevada.

## Origin

The Act+Fast Anti Choking Trainer was first developed in 2008 by Dr. Timothy Adams after volunteering to help train Boy Scouts in the Heimlich maneuver using operating room supplies. It was subsequently implemented in CPR classes, hospitals, and schools.

## Operation

The Anti Choking Trainer is worn as a vest to simulate relief of an obstruction. The vest is slipped over the user’s head and secured with a buckle on each side. In front of the vest, is a neoprene pocket with a plastic air bladder that rests in the area between the user’s navel and rib cage. At the top of the bladder is a rigid airway with an opening that points upward and away from the user’s face. A foam plug is placed in the airway to simulate a foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO). When the proper technique is performed, the foam plug is launched into the air, providing immediate feedback. The Anti Choking Trainer also includes a foam back pad for backslaps. The Anti Choking Trainer allows users to practice the choking rescue protocols of the European Resuscitation Council, National Safety Council and International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movements around the world.

## Reception and recognition

The Anti Choking Trainer has been used by schools, fire departments, rescue groups and in CPR training classes.
In 2009 the Anti Choking trainer was named by the Journal of Emergency Medicine as one of 30 of the most innovative products at the 27th annual EMS Today.
# Mount Wood (Yukon)

Mount Wood (sometimes referred to as Wood Peak) is the seventh-highest mountain in Canada and is located in Kluane National Park and Reserve. In 1900 it was named by the surveyor James J. McArthur (1856–1925) after Zachary Taylor Wood (d.1915), a North-West Mounted Police inspector in Dawson during the Klondike Gold Rush. He was later the commissioner of the NWMP.
# Equisingularity

In algebraic geometry, an equisingularity is, roughly, a family of singularities that are not non-equivalent and is an important notion in singularity theory. There is no universal definition of equisingularity but Oscar Zariski's equisingularity is the most famous one. Zariski's equisingualrity, introduced in 1971 under the name " algebro-geometric equisingularity", gives a stratification that is different from the usual Whitney stratification on a real or complex algebraic variety.
# Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (Egypt)

The Egyptian Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MCIT) is a government body headquartered in Smart Village Egypt. Established in 1999, the Ministry is responsible for information and communications technology (ICT) issues in the Arab Republic of Egypt, including the planning, implementation, and operation of government ICT plans and strategies. It is led by the Minister of Communications and Information Technology, who is nominated by the Prime Minister and is a member of the Cabinet. The current ICT Minister is Amr Talaat, who assumed office on June 14, 2018.

## Ministers

Ministers :
| Name | Term of Office |
| Ahmed Nazif | October 1999 - July 2004 |
| Tarek Kamel | July 2004 - February 2011 |
| Maged Osman | February 2011 - July 2011 |
| Mohamed Salem | July 2011 - August 2012 |
| Hany Mahmoud | August 2012 - January 2013 |
| Atef Helmy | January 2013 - March 2015 |
| Khaled Negm | March 2015 - September 2015 |
| Yasser ElKady | September 2015 - June 2018 |
| Amr Talaat | June 2018 – Present |

## Affiliate Organizations
### National Telecommunications Regulatory Authority

The National Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (NTRA) was founded in 2003 under the Telecommunications Regulation Law to serve as a national authority responsible for the administration and regulation of the telecommunication sector while maintaining transparency, open competition, universal service, and protection of users’ rights.

### Information Technology Industry Development Agency

The Information Technology Industry Development Agency (ITIDA) was established in 2004 with the mandate of spearheading the development of the Egyptian IT sector and enhancing its global competitiveness. The Agency works to boost Egypt's global ICT competitiveness by developing the outsourcing and offshoring industry, boosting digital exports, and attracting FDI.

### Egypt Post

Founded in 1865, Egypt Post is one of the longest-standing government organizations in Egypt. To fulfill its universal service obligation, the postal service has as many as 4,300+ outlets available nationwide.

### Information Technology Institute

The Information Technology Institute (ITI) was established in 1992. Acting as the training arm of the Ministry, the Institute develops youth capabilities and skills through capacity-building programs and professional coaching.

### National Telecommunication Institute

The National Telecommunication Institute (NTI) was founded in 1983 to provide education and training for telecommunication engineers, targeting local and regional markets, including the Nile Basin countries. In 2006, Cisco Systems accredited NTI as a Cisco Academy Training Center (CATC) for the MENA region.
# Sidelight

A sidelight or sidelite in a building is a window, usually with a vertical emphasis, that flanks a door or a larger window. Sidelights are narrow, usually stationary and found immediately adjacent to doorways. While most commonly found as supporting elements emphasizing the importance of a primary entrance, sidelights may be employed at any interior or exterior door where a visual emphasis is desired, or where additional light or visibility is needed.

## Design

Sidelights are often found in tandem with transom windows and generally the pane size in the sidelights matches that of the transom. Typically narrow, sidelights can be placed on both or just one side of a door and can include a sash or have glass that is stopped into the frame.

## Security and privacy concerns

While transom windows generally do not have any privacy concerns associated with them because of their height, sidelights usually need to be covered to ensure privacy. Any number of window treatments can be employed to enhance privacy in doorways with sidelights. Miniblinds, micro-miniblinds, and shirred curtains are among the window treatments that offer an increased level of privacy. Another choice is stained or beveled glass, which can offer some privacy while also contributing to the overall beauty of a building's design.
When approaching building security sidelights can factor into entrance security. For instance, for proper security a sidelight should only be installed on the side of the door without the door knob or handle. Sidelights provide people on a building's interior with a narrow view of the outdoors and as such doors without sidelights, especially in apartment buildings, should be equipped with a peephole.
# Bishnah

Bishnah or Bishna is a town and a notified area committee in Jammu district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Ankush Sharma belongs to the same town. He was the winner of Kaun Banega Crorepati Season 12 in the year 2020.

## Geography

Bishnah is located at 32°37′N 74°52′E﻿ / ﻿32.62°N 74.87°E﻿ / 32.62; 74.87. It Kbc 292 metres (961 feet).

## Demographics

* Hinduism (97.87%)
* Islam (0.84%)
* Christianity (0.76%)
* Sikhism (0.46%)
* Not Stated (0.07%)
As of 2001 India census, Bishna had a population of 9141. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Bishna has an average literacy rate of 72%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 79% and female literacy of 64%. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
According to the 2011 census, the town's population is 97.87% Hindu, 0.84% Muslim, 0.76% Christian and 0.46% Sikh.
# Nutria fur

Nutria fur, also known as coypu fur, is used in the fashion industry. It comes from the nutria or coypu, a South American rodent and cousin of the beaver.

## History of the fur

The nutria is a semi-aquatic mammal native to South America. It first became internationally popular as a fur in the 1930s, when it was worn by Hollywood stars such as Greta Garbo. It resembles beaver, with stiff guard hairs and a soft, short undercoat.
It was originally imported to the southern United States – possibly as early as the 19th century, although in larger numbers from the 1950s – to reduce the population of muskrat. Some escaped and found the swamps of Louisiana ideal territory, leading to their common name of swamp rat. With the decline in the fur market in the 1980s, the population mushroomed and threatened the stability of the wetland ecosystem by eating away the plants that hold the swamp together.

### Treatment

Typically, nutria is sheared or plucked for the fur trade. It can be dyed a variety of colors. Its middle weight – considerably lighter than beaver – also makes it suitable for linings. More recently, it is used by some furriers without plucking or shearing. In its natural colour it is light to rich brown, the most valuable furs being in the darker shades, but it may also be dyed.
A faux nutria, made of rabbit fur was at one time branded as nutriette.

## Rebranding as 'guilt free'

In 2010, both the BBC and The New York Times reported that nutria was being promoted as a socially acceptable way to wear fur, with a fashion show held in Brooklyn sponsored by the Barataria-Terrebonne National Estuary Program, a conservation body working to preserve Louisiana swampland threatened by the nutria.

### Designers using nutria

Oscar de la Renta and Michael Kors are among the designers to have incorporated nutria into their designs, with de La Renta using it on hats and trims and Kors using it to line raincoats.
# TrashMail

TrashMail is a free disposable e-mail address service created in 2002 by Stephan Ferraro, a computer science student at Epitech Paris which belongs now to Ferraro Ltd. The service provides temporary email addresses that can be abandoned if they start receiving email spam. It mainly forwards emails to a real hidden email address.

## Description

TrashMail receives emails and forwards them to a real hidden email address. On account creation there is the option to set a number of total forwards and a date when the disposable email expires. For each forwarded email the counter is decreased by 1. When the counter reaches 0 or the date limit is expired then the temporary email address will be deleted.
After the temporary email address is deleted, any incoming email is rejected by the SMTP code 550 5.1.1. TrashMail also provides a free open-source add-on for Mozilla Firefox available from the official store. The email registration and community forum are provided by HTTPS (SSL over HTTP) access to protect privacy. Additionally the SMTP server communication has TLS enabled by default.
As many spammers rely on harvested email addresses, the best method of avoiding spam is not to publish one's real email address. By providing a temporary address, TrashMail allows users to protect their real email.

## Extras

TrashMail differs from other disposable email address services in its possibility to use the Challenge-Response System for each free disposable email address. Additionally, it provides real-time spam stats on its main page. It is possible to verify the current incoming spam amount on this site.

## Software

TrashMail can be used via the web. However an API is provided and documented on the forum which explains how to write custom software to use for the free service. A Mozilla Firefox add-on for the service is available.
# Arpaçay District

Arpaçay District is a district of the Kars Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Arpaçay. Its area is 1,165 km$^2$, and its population is 15,075 (2022).
More than half of the villages are populated by the Karapapakh.

## Composition

There is one municipality in Arpaçay District:
* Arpaçay
There are 48 villages in Arpaçay District:
* Akçakale
* Akçalar
* Akmazdam
* Arslanoğlu
* Atcılar
* Aydıngün
* Bacıoğlu
* Bardaklı
* Bozyiğit
* Burçalı
* Büyük Çatma
* Çanaksu
* Carcı
* Carcıoğlu
* Dağköyü
* Değirmenköprü
* Doğruyol
* Gediksatılmış
* Göldalı
* Gönülalan
* Gülyüzü
* Güvercin
* Hasançavuş
* Kakaç
* Karakale
* Karaurgan
* Kardeştepe
* Kıraç
* Koçköy
* Küçük Boğaz
* Küçük Çatma
* Kuyucuk
* Kuzgunlu
* Kümbet
* Melikköyü
* Mescitli
* Meydancık
* Okçuoğlu
* Polatköyü
* Söğütlü
* Taşbaşı
* Taşdere
* Taşköprü
* Taşlıağıl
* Telek
* Tepecik
* Tepeköy
* Tomarlı
# Wisła Puławy

Klub Sportowy Wisła Puławy is a Polish football club based in Puławy, Lublin Voivodeship. They compete in the third-tier II liga, having won promotion from the III liga in 2021.

## Current squad

    As of 9 March 2025
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | POL | Krzysztof Wróblewski (on loan from Chrobry Głogów) |
| 2 | DF | POL | Patryk Waliś (on loan from Odra Opole) |
| 3 | DF | POL | Adam Gałązka |
| 4 | DF | POL | Miłosz Lewandowski (on loan from Motor Lublin) |
| 5 | MF | POL | Karol Dziedzic (on loan from Wisła Kraków) |
| 6 | DF | POL | Łukasz Kabaj (on loan from Raków Częstochowa) |
| 7 | FW | POL | Kacper Szymanek |
| 8 | MF | POL | Kamil Kumoch |
| 10 | MF | POL | Bartosz Wiktoruk |
| 11 | MF | POL | Kamil Kargulewicz (captain) |
| 12 | GK | POL | Kacper Murat |
| 14 | DF | POL | Bartosz Waleńcik |
| 15 | MF | POL | Bartłomiej Juszczyk |
| 16 | DF | POL | Dominik Cheba |
| 17 | DF | POL | Radosław Śledzicki |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 18 | FW | MEX | Manuel Ponce García |
| 20 | MF | POL | Sebastian Koziej (on loan from Motor Lublin) |
| 21 | DF | POL | Franciszek Polowiec |
| 22 | MF | POL | Franciszek Łuczuk |
| 23 | MF | POL | Rafał Cholewa |
| 24 | FW | POL | Danny Babor (on loan from Pogoń Siedlce) |
| 25 | MF | POL | Marcin Stromecki |
| — | DF | POL | Bartosz Bernard |
| — | MF | POL | Leonard Brykowski |
| — | MF | POL | Kamil Cholewa |
| — | MF | POL | Maciej Kiełkucki |
| — | MF | POL | Oskar Kozdroń |
| — | FW | POL | Sebastian Kwaczreliszwili |
| — | FW | TAN | Jussuf Mwinyi |
| — | MF | POL | Jakub Zych (on loan from Stal Rzeszów) |

## Honours

* III liga
** Champions: 2010–11 (Lublin–Subcarpathia), 2020–21 (group IV)
* Lublin Polish Cup (regional level)
** Winners: 2008–09

## 2020–21 Wisła Puławy season

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion |
| 1 | Wisła Puławy (C, P) | 40 | 30 | 6 | 4 | 100 | 31 | +69 | 96 | Promotion to II liga |
| 2 | Chełmianka Chełm | 40 | 22 | 7 | 11 | 70 | 45 | +25 | 73 | |
| 3 | Sokół Sieniawa | 40 | 21 | 10 | 9 | 61 | 37 | +24 | 73 | |
| 4 | Stal Stalowa Wola | 40 | 22 | 7 | 11 | 77 | 44 | +33 | 73 | |
| 5 | Avia Świdnik | 40 | 20 | 10 | 10 | 88 | 40 | +48 | 70 | |
# Mirabilistrombus listeri

Mirabilistrombus listeri, common name the Lister's snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conches.

## Description

The shell size varies between 90 mm and 160 mm. When the animal is mature, the body whorl takes up over 50% of the shell's height. The pronounced projection at the end of the apertural lip is characteristic of the species (Dance, 2002).

## Distribution

This species is distributed in the Northwest Indian Ocean and the Andaman Sea. It is a deep-water species. Formerly very uncommon, its population has been increasing in recent years (Dance, 2002).
# Nelson Falcão

Nelson Falcão (born 30 April 1946) is a Brazilian sailor. He received a bronze medal in the Star Class at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea with Torben Grael.
# Sadyattes

Sadyattes (Ancient Greek: Σαδυάττης, romanized: Saduattēs; Latin: Sadyattēs; reigned 637–c. 635 BC) was the third king of the Mermnad dynasty in Lydia, the son of Ardys and the grandson of Gyges of Lydia. Sadyattes reigned 12 years according to Herodotus.

## Reign
### Background

Sadyattes came to power during period of severe crisis that Lydia was facing because of several waves of invasions by the Cimmerians, a nomadic people from the Eurasian Steppe who had invaded the Western Asia. The Cimmerians attacked Lydia several times but had been repelled by Sadyattes's grandfather, Gyges, but in 644 BC, the Cimmerians attacked Lydia for the third time, led by their king Lygdamis. The Lydians were defeated, Sardis was sacked, and Gyges was killed, following which he was succeeded by his son, Ardys, who was the father of Sadyattes.
In 637 BC, that is in Ardys's seventh regnal year, the Thracian Treres tribe who had migrated across the Thracian Bosporus and invaded Anatolia, under their king Kobos, and in alliance with the Cimmerians and the Lycians, attacked Lydia. They defeated the Lydians again and for a second time sacked the Lydian capital of Sardis, except for its citadel. It is probable that Ardys was killed during this Cimmerian attack, or that he was deposed for being unable to protect Lydia from the Cimmerian attacks.

### Reign

Sadyattes's reign was even more short-lived than that of his father Ardys: although Herodotus claimed that Ardys had reigned for twelve years, modern estimates give him a much shorter reign of only two years. Little is known about the reign of Sadyattes except that he began a war with the Ionian Greek maritime city of Miletus.

### End of reign

Sadyattes's reign ended in 635 BC. It is possible that, like his grandfather Gyges, he died fighting the Cimmerians. Alternatively, Sadyattes might have been deposed for failing to protect Lydia from the Cimmerian attacks. He was succeeded by his son Alyattes, who continued the war against Miletus and would transform Lydia into a powerful empire.

### Aftermath

Soon after 635 BC, with Assyrian approval and in alliance with the Lydians, the Scythians under their king Madyes entered Anatolia, expelled the Treres from Asia Minor, and defeated the Cimmerians so that they no longer constituted a threat again, following which the Scythians extended their domination to Central Anatolia until they were themselves expelled by the Medes from Western Asia in the 600s BC. This final defeat of the Cimmerians was carried out by the joint forces of Madyes, whom Strabo credits with expelling the Treres and Cimmerians from Asia Minor, and of Sadyattes's son, the king Alyattes of Lydia, whom Herodotus and Polyaenus claim finally defeated the Cimmerians.
# Michal Desenský

Michal Desenský (born 1 March 1993) is a Czech sprinter specializing in the 400 metres. He represented his country in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2016 European Championships finishing fourth, at the 2018 World Indoor Championships finishing fifth, and at the 2019 European Games finishing second in the mixed 4 × 400 metres relay.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing the Czech Republic ||||||
| 2012 | World Junior Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 18th (sf) | 200 m | 21.57 |
| 2012 | World Junior Championships | Barcelona, Spain | – | 4 × 100 m relay | DQ |
| 2013 | European U23 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 5th | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.23 |
| 2013 | European U23 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 6th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:05.82 |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | 8th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:04.56 |
| 2015 | European U23 Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 9th (h) | 400 m | 46.39 |
| 2015 | European U23 Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.38 |
| 2015 | European U23 Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 4th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:07.27 |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 4th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:03.86 |
| 2017 | World Relays | Nassau, Bahamas | 4th (B) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:08.17 |
| 2018 | World Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 5th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:04.87 |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 21st (h) | 400 m | 46.68 |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 3rd (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.52 |
| 2019 | World Relays | Yokohama, Japan | 3rd (B) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:03.79 |
| 2019 | European Games | Minsk, Belarus | 2nd | mixed 4 × 400 m relay | 3:17.53 |
| 2019 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 11th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.97 |
| 2021 | European Indoor Championships | Toruń, Poland | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:06.54 |
| 2021 | World Relays | Chorzów, Poland | 10th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:05.11 |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Tokyo, Japan | 15th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:03.61 |
| 2022 | World Championships | Eugene, United States | 8th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:01.63 |
| 2022 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 6th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:01.82 |
| 2024 | World Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 15th (h) | 400 m | 47.48 |
| 2024 | World Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | – | 4 × 400 m relay | DNF |
| 2024 | European Championships | Rome, Italy | 12th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:06.70 |
| 2025 | European Indoor Championships | Apeldoorn, Netherlands | 6th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:08.28 |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 200 metres – 21.19 (0.0 m/s, Prague 2020)
* 400 metres – 46.36 (Hodonín 2022)
Indoor
* 200 metres – 21.21 (Prague 2016)
* 400 metres – 46.36 (Ostrava 2020)
# Ministry for the Environment (Chile)

The Ministry of Environment (Spanish: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente) is a ministry of the State of Chile that is in charge of collaborating with the President of the Republic in the design and application of policies, plans and programs in environmental matters, as well as in the protection and conservation of biological diversity and of renewable and hydric natural resources, promoting sustainable development, the integrity of the environmental policy and its normative regulation.
This ministry was created in January 2010 to replace the National Environment Commission (Comisión Nacional del Medio Ambiente, CONAMA). The new ministry became operational on October 1 of that year.
Maisa Rojas has served as minister since 11 March 2022.

## Background

From December 1990 to March 1994, the highest environmental authority was the Technical Secretariat of the National Environment Commission of the Ministry of National Assets, which would later become the National Environment Commission. The highest position of that Secretariat was held in all the period by Rafael Asenjo.
In March 1994, it was created the National Environmental Commission (CONAMA) through the Law on General Bases of the Environment (Law No. 19,300), being José Goñi its first CEO.
In 2007, it was created the position of President of the National Environmental Commission, granting him the rank of Minister of State. Thus, Ana Lya Uriarte was the first Minister President of that Commission.

## List of representatives

| Minister | Party | Term start | Term end | President |
| María Ignacia Benítez | UDI | 1 October 2010 | 14 March 2014 | Sebastián Piñera |
| Pablo Badenier | DC | 11 March 2014 | 20 March 2017 | Michelle Bachelet |
| Marcelo Mena | Independent | 20 March 2017 | 11 March 2018 | Michelle Bachelet |
| Marcela Cubillos | UDI | 11 March 2018 | 9 August 2018 | Sebastián Piñera |
| Carolina Schmidt | Independent | 9 August 2018 | 22 November 2021 | Sebastián Piñera |
| Javier Naranjo Solano | Independent | 22 November 2021 | 11 March 2022 | Sebastián Piñera |
| Maisa Rojas Corradi | Independent | 11 March 2022 | | Gabriel Boric |