OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Karel Navrátil

Karel Navrátil (24 April 1867 – 23 December 1936) was a Czech violinist, composer and music educator. He was born in Prague, and studied in Vienna under Guido Adler and František Ondříček, afterward working as a composer and music teacher in Prague. Notable students include composers Helen Hopekirk, Arthur Hinton and John Powell. He died in Prague.
Some sources have confused him with Karl Nawratil (1836-1914), attributing to him a substantial output of chamber music actually composed by the latter.

## Selected works

Navrátil's compositions include opera, symphonies and symphonic poems, piano and violin concertos, chamber music and piano pieces, songs and choral works.

### Opera

* Heřman, Op. 21
* Herman a Dorothea
* Salambo

### Orchestral

* Symphony in G minor, Op. 4 [sic] (manuscript score dated 1902)
* Koncertní ouvertura (Concert Overture), Op. 5 (1872)
* Jan Hus, Symphonic Poem
* Žižka, Symphonic Poem
* Bílá hora (White Mountain; Blanche montagne), Symphonic Poem
* Indianerlegende for string orchestra with harp

### Concertante

* Piano Concerto in F minor
* Violin Concerto in E major

### Piano

* Variace na norské lidové písně (Variations on a Norwegian Folk Song; Variationen über ein norwegisches Volkslied), Op. 4 (1865)
* 2 Skladby (2 Pieces), Op. 6 (1873)
* 3 Balady (3 Ballades), Op. 14 (1883)
* 3 Skladby (3 Pieces), Op. 19 (1888)

### Choral

* Mše D-dur (Mass in D major) for soloists, chorus, orchestra and organ, Op. 26
* Kantor Halfar for male chorus

### Vocal

* 5 Lieder for voice and piano, Op. 10 (1881)
* 3 Balladen for low voice and piano, Op. 13 (1883); words by Ludwig Uhland
# William Gedney

William Gale Gedney (October 29, 1932 – June 23, 1989) was an American documentary and street photographer. It wasn't until after his death that his work gained momentum and is now widely recognized. He is best known for his series on rural Kentucky, and series on India, San Francisco and New York shot in the 1960s and 1970s.

## Early life and background

He was born in Greenville, New York. He studied at Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, New York. In 1955 he graduated with a BFA in Graphic Design and began work with Condé Nast.

## Career

During his lifetime, Gedney received several fellowships and grants, including a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation fellowship from 1966 to 1967, a Fulbright Fellowship for photography in India from 1969 to 1971, a New York State Creative Artists Public Service Program (C.A.P.S.) grant from 1972 to 1973; and a National Endowment for the Arts grant from 1975 to 1976. In a career spanning late 1950s to the mid-1980s, he created a large body of work, including series documenting local communities during his travels to India, San Francisco, Brooklyn and New York shot in 1960s and 1970s. He is also noted for night photography, principally of large structures, like the Brooklyn bridge and architecture, and architectural studies of neighbourhoods quiet and empty, in the night.
In 1969, he started teaching at Pratt Institute, though later in 1987, two years before his death, he was denied tenure.
Gedney's work has been exhibited in numerous group shows, including Museum of Modern Art shows, Photography Current Report in 1968, Ben Schultz Memorial Collection in 1969, and Recent Acquisitions in 1971; as well as Vision and Expression, George Eastman House, and Rochester Institute of Technology, in 1972. However, he remained a recluse, had only one solo exhibition during his lifetime. Despite receiving appreciation from noted photographers of the time, Walker Evans, Diane Arbus, Lee Friedlander, and John Szarkowski, he remained an under-appreciated artist of the generation. He didn't manage to get any of his eight book projects published.
William Gedney died of complications from AIDS in 1989, aged 56, in New York City and is buried in Greenville, New York, a few short miles from his childhood home. He left his photographs and writings to his lifelong friend Lee Friedlander. In time, Friedlander's efforts, which had earlier led to the revival of E. J. Bellocq's works, chartered posthumous revival of Gedney's work.
An extensive collection of his work, including large photographic prints, work prints, contact sheets, negatives, sketchbooks, notebooks and diaries, correspondence, and other files are housed at the Rubenstein Library, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
# David Perlov

David Perlov (Hebrew: דוד פרלוב) (born 9 June 1930 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; died 13 December 2003, in Tel Aviv, Israel) was an Israeli documentary filmmaker.

## Biography

David Perlov was born in Rio de Janeiro and grew up in Belo Horizonte. At the age of 10, he went to live with his grandfather in São Paulo. At the age of 22, he moved to Paris and worked as a projectionist for the newly established Cinematheque. In 1957, he made his first short film, Tante chinoise (Old Aunt China), based on drawings of a 12-year-old girl of the French provincial bourgeoisie of 1890 which he found in the cellar of the Paris house in which he was living. In 1958, Perlov immigrated to Israel, settling with his wife Mira on Kibbutz Bror Hayil. The couple had two daughters, the twins Yael Perlov and Naomi Perlov.

## Film career

In 1963, Perlov made a 33-minute documentary In Jerusalem (בירושלים, Be-Yerushalayim). This film came to be one of the most important films of Israeli documentary cinema. Although Perlov made two feature films by 1972 (The Pill and 42:6), his film proposals were repeatedly rejected by the Israel Broadcasting Authority and Israeli film board, which found his work too lyrical. In May of the year 1973, Perlov bought a 16 mm camera and filmed his everyday life alongside dramatic events that took place in Israel at the time. He continued this work for 10 years, sometimes with almost no economic resources, until Channel 4 of British television expressed an interest in the project in 1983. Produced in association with Israel's largest television and film studio, Herzliya Studios (Ulpanei Herzliya), the result was Perlov's work Diary (יומן). From 1973 Perlov taught in the department of film and television at Tel Aviv University.

## Awards and recognition

In 1999, Perlov was awarded the Israel Prize for his contribution to cinema.
# Mange Ram Garg

Mange Ram Garg (1935/1936 – 21 July 2019) was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party and a member of Delhi Legislative Assembly. A confectioner by profession, Garg joined active politics comparatively late but took massive strides in the ensuing years. He registered his first political win of note back in 2003 when he won from the Wazirpur assembly constituency. In the next Assembly election - in 2008, Garg lost to Congress' Hari Shanker Gupta but by a very slim margin of about three thousand votes. He was entrusted with many significant responsibilities of BJP in Delhi during his political life. Under him, BJP registered strong performances in local municipal body elections as well.
He pledged his organs to Dadhichi Deh Dan Samiti. Accordingly, his mortal remains were taken to Lady Hardinge Medical College after his death.
# Center for Advanced Materials, University of Houston

The Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), formerly the Space Vacuum Epitaxy Center, is a laboratory established in 1986 at the University of Houston for researching the science and application of advanced materials. It is hosted in 8,000 square feet (740 m$^2$) of space in three buildings on the Houston campus. Its facilities contain equipment dedicated to thin-film deposition, processing and characterization of III-V compound semiconductors, high-temperature superconductivity, and ferroelectric oxide material systems. The Wake Shield Facility was developed at this center. Today, CAM’s research focuses on energy materials, nanoelectronics, and materials at the physical-biological interface, with an emphasis on sustainability and industry applications.

## Research Focus

CAM’s current research is focused in the following key areas:
* Energy Materials – Photovoltaics, fuel cells, and supercapacitors.
* Nanoelectronics Materials – Graphene and resistive memory.
* Materials at the Physical-Biological Interface – Biosensors and detectors.
* Advanced Oxides – High-temperature superconductors and ferroelectric oxide systems.
* Optoelectronic Materials & 2D Systems – Thin films and semiconductor systems.
* Space Materials Science – Materials designed for performance in space environments.
As of March 2025, curent projects include:
* Photovoltaics & Nanostructures – Developing advanced materials for improving solar cell efficiency.
* Nanoelectronics & Nanoenergetics Materials – Researching graphene-based materials and resistive memory systems.
* Advanced Oxides – Exploring superconductivity and other properties of oxide materials.
* Optoelectronic Materials & 2D Systems – Investigating thin-film and 2D material-based optoelectronics.
* Space Materials Science – Developing materials capable of withstanding extreme space environments.

## History

Since its founding, CAM has focused on both fundamental science and technological applications. The center’s ability to secure funding and industry partnerships has enabled it to play a key role in advancing materials science research and its applications.
Funding and Industry Partnerships
* CAM has historically garnered over $70 million in federal funds and a total of $104 million in cash and in-kind funding since its inception. The center has developed a major intellectual property (IP) marketing strategy, securing over $6.2 million in funding directly related to industry interest in CAM's IP.

## Operations

CAM operates under a project-based structure, where project leaders are responsible for the scientific, technical, and financial productivity of their research. This structure allows the center to effectively transition scientific advances into commercial applications, contributing to the center’s sustainability and economic impact.
CAM’s facilities, located in three buildings at the University of Houston, are dedicated to thin-film deposition, processing, and characterization of advanced materials. The equipment supports research in superconductivity, photovoltaics, nanoelectronics, and materials science.
# Al Jacquet

Al Jacquet is a Democratic Tether Netherlands Antilles-born Haitian-American politician and lawyer from Florida. He served two terms in the Florida House of Representatives from 2016 to 2020, representing District 88 as a member of the Democratic Party. He ran for the seat after longtime officeholder Bobby Powell left for the Florida State Senate. Jacquet, who previously served as a commissioner for Delray Beach and as a practicing attorney at law, ran for the seat unopposed in the general election, defeating Edwin Ferguson and Angie Gray in the Democratic primary. Jacquet was defeated in the 2020 Democratic primary by Lake Worth Beach commissioner Omari Hardy.
Jacquet lives in Riviera Beach, Florida, and graduated from DePauw University and the St. Thomas University School of Law.
# Crimson Thunder

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Crimson Thunder is the fourth studio album by Swedish power metal band HammerFall. It was the first album the band worked on with producer Charlie Bauerfeind.
The cover art was created by Samwise Didier, who is also known for his Warcraft concept art pieces.
A music video was made for the song "Hearts on Fire".

## Release information

* Digipak CD, LP, shaped CD, picture LP, comic book edition, leather bound comic book edition, DVD-audio, value box (with "Hearts on Fire" CDS), Gold Award edition.
* Limited Gold Edition comes in an amaray (DVD-box), including printed HammerFall signatures, golden HammerFall-plectrum, bonus track ("Heeding the Call" – live) and a videoclip ("Hearts on Fire").
* Strictly limited Enhanced Gold-Award Edition, issued in DVD case with gold CD and band logo plectrum. CD has all bandmembers' signatures.
* Special Comic Edition has a CD of Crimson Thunder housed in an oversize hardback comic book, with an original comic story and the album's original liner notes/lyrics. Strictly Limited CD & Comicbook with 25 pages comic + 7 pages booklet, hardcover size A4 and the bonus track "Rising Force".
* DVD-Audio comes in 5.1 Dolby Surround Multichannel Sound. Playable into all DVD Players and with 5.1 Channel Surround Sound System and has "Hearts on Fire" videoclip.
* There has also been a numbered (1000 have been made) limited edition 3 CD longform leather digibook, that contains two 3-inch mini-CDs with one track on each: "Crazy Nights" (Loudness cover) and "Detroit Rock City" (Kiss cover).

## Chart ranking

| Country | Ranked |
| Switzerland | 83 |
| Germany | 13 |
| Austria | 65 |
| France | 134 |
| Sweden | 3 |

## Personnel

* Joacim Cans – lead vocals
* Oscar Dronjak – guitars, backing vocals
* Stefan Elmgren – guitars, acoustic guitar, backing vocals
* Magnus Rosén – bass
* Anders Johansson – drums
# Antonín Kraft

Antonín Kraft (30 December 1749, Rokycany – 28 August 1820, Vienna) was a Czech cellist and composer. He was a close friend of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. He worked in the Holy Roman Empire and later in the Austrian Empire.

## Biography

Kraft was born in the Bohemian town of Rokycany of a German Bohemian ethnic family which had assimilated into Czech. He received early musical education on the cello from his father before going to university in Vienna to study law. He soon obtained a position in the Imperial Hofkapelle. In 1778 he was appointed cellist in Prince Nikolaus Esterházy's orchestra, where he met and studied composition with Haydn. In 1783 Haydn wrote his second cello concerto in D (Hob. VIIb/2, Op. 101) for Kraft. In 1789, he met Mozart in Dresden and took part in the premiere of his divertimento for string trio in E-Flat. Mozart played the viola part and Anton Teyber played the violin part. After Esterházy died in 1790, his successor, Prince Anton Esterházy, dismissed most of the court orchestra. Kraft went to Vienna and became a founding member of the Schuppanzigh Quartet, where he helped establish the traditions of string quartet playing. He played in the Grassalkovich court and from 1796 was employed in the orchestra of Prince Joseph Franz von Lobkowitz. He died on 28 August 1820 in Vienna.
Kraft was considered one of the greatest cellists of his time and both Haydn's Cello Concerto No. 2 in D, the cello part in Mozart’s divertimento for string trio in E-Flat and the cello part in Beethoven's Triple Concerto were written for him, though his son Nikolaus Kraft is also claimed to have played the premiere of the latter.
As a composer, he wrote cello sonatas (six for cello with bass published as Op. 1 and 2) and a cello concerto (Op. 4). He also wrote various duos: for violin and cello (Op. 3), for cello and double bass and for two cellos (Op. 5 and 6).

## Works

* Op.1: 3 Cello Sonatas in C, G, D
* Op.2: 3 Cello Sonatas in B♭, G, C
* Op.3: 3 Grand Duos for Violin and Cello
* Op.4: Cello Concerto in C major
* Op.5: Cello Duo in G minor
* Op.6: Cello Duo in D major
* Op.7: Cello Duet on the theme from Mozart's Opera The Magic Flute ('Duettino Tamina and Papageno')
* Duets for Cello and Guitar
* Cello Concerto in C major "Seydel's Concerto"
# 20 October 2017 Afghanistan attacks

vteWar in Afghanistan (2001–2021) :
On 20 October 2017, suicide bombers attacked mosques in Kabul and Ghor Province, Afghanistan, killing at least 60 people.
During Friday prayers on 20 October 2017, a gunman entered Imam Zaman, a Shia mosque in Kabul. He opened fire, then detonated a bomb - killing about 40 people.
During Friday prayers on the same day, a suicide bomber detonated his explosives in a Sunni mosque in Ghor Province, killing at least 20 people.
Islamic State – Khorasan Province claimed responsibility for the Kabul attack.
In 2017, insurgents carried out many attacks in Afghanistan, including several in October. Major attacks included those which killed over 70 people in Gardez and Ghazni on 17 October and a double suicide bombing which killed 43 Afghan soldiers in Kandahar Province on 19 October.
# Rudolf Nováček

Rudolf Nováček (7 April 1860 – 11 August 1929) was a Czech composer, military conductor, and pedagogue.

## Life and career

Rudolf Nováček was born to the conductor Martin Nováček [cs] and Maria Hildebrand in the village of Bela Crkva (now Serbia). His younger brothers were the musicians Ottokar, Karel [cs] and Victor [cs] who with their father toured as the Nováček Family String Quartet.
Rudolf Nováček studied at the Timișoara music school and then the Vienna Conservatory. He became conductor of 11th Battalion in the Austro-Hungarian Army and then a member of 12th Battalion. In 1884 he joined the Artistic Organization in Prague along with other significant Czech composers such as Antonín Dvořák, Zdeněk Fibich and Karel Bendl.
In 1890 he became bandleader of the 1st Cavalry Regiment in Sofia and then from 1891 until 1895 in the Romanian Royal Guard in Bucharest. He worked as conductor and music teacher in many cities in Russia, Belgium, Netherlands and Germany.
After the creation of Czechoslovakia, he had to become the director of the military school of the Czechoslovak Army. He died in 1929 in Prague after an operation.

## Major works
### Marches

* Pochod 74. pluku (74er Defilier Marsch)
* Benedek Jubiläums Marsch, 1879
* Defilir-March, op. 25
* Castaldo, op. 40, named after commander of 28th Battalion Ludwig Castaldo (1839–1910), one of the well-known marches in Central Europe
* Náš druhý milion, 1891
* Na zdar naší výstavě
* My plzeňští hoši
* Koridor Marsch
* Pochod generála Laudona (General Laudon Marsch)
* Kde domov můj
* Pozdrav ze Sofie
* Pochod našich hochů
* Kardief
* Pochod ministra Národní obrany
* Na prej
* Ahoj!

### Dance music

* Kouzlo květů, polka française
* Hygea, polka
* Velebínka, polka
* Ples juristů, polka
* Pohádková kouzla, waltz
* Mezi bratry, polka mazur
* České album taneční, waltz

### Other compositions

* Osm pamětních lístků, Op. 1
* Little Suite for Piano (collection Young Czech pianist)
* Sonata for Violin
* Concerto for Violin
* Romance for Cello and Piano, 1889
* Sinfonietta for Wind Instruments 1888
* Othello, prelude
# Campbell Begg

Robert Campbell Begg MC (11 April 1886 – 26 July 1971) was a New Zealand medical doctor and politician. He was born in Dunedin, New Zealand, on 11 April 1886. He first studied theology and then studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, qualifying MB ChB. After serving as a medical officer during World War I, for which he was awarded the Military Cross, he returned to Edinburgh, gaining an MD in 1923.
He was the president of the New Zealand Legion from 1933 until its demise in 1934–35, and later moved to South Africa.
In 1935, he was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal.
# John Cairney (anatomist)

John Cairney CMG (8 October 1898 – 5 August 1966) was the New Zealand Director-General of Health and Inspector-General of Hospitals, an anatomist, a medical superintendent and a writer and painter. He was born in Greymouth, New Zealand, on 8 October 1898.
In 1953, Cairney was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal. In the 1960 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George.
# Finn's Girl

Finn's Girl is a 2007 Canadian drama film, directed by Dominique Cardona and Laurie Colbert. The film stars Brooke Johnson as Finn, a medical doctor mourning the recent death of her wife Nancy (Gail Maurice) while continuing to step-parent Nancy's rebellious daughter Zelly (Maya Ritter) and managing an abortion clinic which is being threatened by the increasingly violent protests of the anti-abortion movement.
The film also stars Richard Clarkin as Zelly's father Paul, and Yanna McIntosh and Gilles Lemaire as Diana and Xavier, the police officers helping Finn to protect the clinic.
The film was Cardona and Colbert's first narrative feature film, after making primarily documentaries and short films.
It premiered on June 4, 2007, at the New York Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Film Festival. It was subsequently screened at Outfest, where it won an award for emerging cinema, and at the Montreal World Film Festival, where it was a nominee for the Golden Zenith Award for Best First Feature.

## Cast

* Brooke Johnson as Finn
* Yanna McIntosh as Diana
* Maya Ritter as Zelly
* Richard Clarkin as Paul
* Nathalie Toriel as Jamie
* Gilles Lemaire as Xavier
* Andrew Chalmers as Max
* Chantel Cole as Eve
* Gail Maurice as Nancy
# Linsay Willier

Linsay Willier is a Canadian model and motivational speaker. She was the runner-up on Canada's Next Top Model, Cycle 3.

## Biography
### Early life

Willier was born in High Prairie, Alberta. A member of the Sucker Creek First Nation, she was raised on her reserve. Her father encouraged her and her siblings to play sports. She later stated the skills she learned playing hockey helped her in her modeling career.
She moved to Edmonton, Alberta to pursue her education. During her final year of school at Grant MacEwan University, she was chosen as a finalist for Canada's Next Top Model. Not wanting to drop out of school, she completed the final semester of her Child and Youth Care program in two weeks. Willier won the first runner up prize on Canada's Next Top Model and made it home in time to attend her graduation.

### Career
#### Modeling

Linsay was discovered at West Edmonton Mall by a Western Canada Fashion Week Designer. Before Canada's Next Top Model, Willier had walked in Western Canada Fashion Week, modeled with Shemar Moore, and was regularly featured in the Edmonton Journal.
Willier auditioned for the third cycle of Canada's Next Top Model, she was selected as one of 11 finalists from over 6,000 applicants. Willier came in second against Meaghan Waller.
After Canada's Next Top Model, Linsay walked in Western Canada Fashion Week and Toronto Fashion Week. She competed in Miss Universe Canada in 2011 where she won the People's Choice Award. In 2012, she was featured as a special guest at National Aboriginal Fashion Week in Regina.
She has also appeared in several fashion campaigns such as Sho Sho Esquiro's 2012 Collection and Bethany Yellowtail "Millenia" Collective which was featured in Vogue Magazine.

#### Youth workshops

In 2009 she co-founded Dreams in Motion with James Jones, an organization that runs interactive self-esteem and confidence building workshops for Canadian youth. Dreams in Motion was featured in New Tribe Magazine, Feb. 2010.
# Andrej Hieng

Andrej Hieng (17 February 1925 – 17 January 2000) was a Slovene writer, playwright and theatre director.
Hieng was born in Ljubljana in 1925. He studied at the Academy of Performing Arts in Ljubljana between 1948 and 1952 and worked as a theatre director in Kranj, Celje and Ljubljana. As well as his plays, he is also known for his novels and short stories.
He received a number of awards including the Prešeren Foundation Award in 1967 for his novel Gozd in pečina, the Grand Prešeren Award in 1988 for his literary and dramatic opus and the Kresnik Award for his novel Čudežni feliks in 1994. In 1995 he was made a member of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. He died in Ljubljana in 2000.

## List of works

* Novele, short stories, (1954)
* Usodni rob, short stories, (1957)
* Planota, short stories, (1961)
* Gozd in pečina, novel, (1966)
* Orfeum, novel, (1972)
* Čarodej, novel, (1976)
* Obnebje metuljev, novel, (1980)
* Čudežni feliks, novel, (1993)

## Plays

* Cortesova vrnitev, drama (1969)
* Burleska o Grku, drama (1969)
* Gluhi mož na meji, drama (1969)
* Osvajalec, drama (1971)
* Lažna Ivana, comedy (1973)
* Izgubljeni sin, comedy (1976)
* Večer ženinov, drama (1979)
* Krvava ptica, comedy (1980)
* Nori malar, comedy (1980)
* Dež v Piranu, drama (1982)
* Zakladi gospe Berte, drama (1983)
* Mark in Antonij, drama (1983)