OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Custard pie

A custard pie is any type of uncooked custard mixture placed in an uncooked or partially cooked crust and baked together. In North America, "custard pie" commonly refers to a plain mixture of milk, eggs, sugar, salt, vanilla extract and sometimes nutmeg combined with a pie crust. It is distinctly different from a cream pie, which contains cooked custard poured into a cooled, precooked crust. In the United Kingdom, the comical or political act of pieing is conventionally done with a "custard pie". Some common custard pies include pumpkin pie, lemon and buttermilk chess pie, coconut cream pie, and buko pie. True custard is defined as a liquid thickened with eggs. The often large number of whole eggs in custard pie make it very rich.
Cooks in Classical antiquity understood the binding properties of eggs. During the Middle Ages, the first custard pies - in the modern sense of the term - began to appear. Initially, custards were used only as fillings for pies, pastries and tarts. Both Europe and Asia had recipes that contained custards.
The word "custard" derives from crustade (a pie with a crust), or from croustade (an edible container of savoury food). After the 16th century, custards began to be used in individual dishes rather than as a filling in crusts.
Today, custards are used as filling in pies and tarts, and as individual dishes. Ideally a custard pie should be light and delicate, but still have good body. Custards can be made in two ways: baked or stirred upon the stove, but most custard-pie recipes call for baking. The eggs in custard mixtures, when cooked, turn from liquid to solid. If cooked over excessive heat, the eggs will curdle, which is extremely undesirable. Curdling can be prevented by using lower temperatures and stirring. As such, making "true" custard pie is a very delicate process.

## History

Savory pies with meat fillings were far more common than sweet pies in the Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies. Sweet pies, when they were available, were made with a simple custard base of fresh milk, sugar and eggs. Some of these traditional pies like buttermilk pie, almond custard, Irish potato pie and bean pie (associated with the Nation of Islam) are uncommon in modern times.

## As a comedic device

In British English, pies thrown or pushed into the face are usually referred to as "custard pies". Custard pies are used as a comedic device by clowns in many circus performances, in practical jokes for harmless fun and also for throwing into the faces of public figures as a sign of disapproval. UK Saturday morning programme Tiswas had custard pies as a regular feature and even had a character called The Phantom Flan Flinger, a masked man who pied people. The World Custard Pie Throwing Championships take place annually in the village of Coxheath in Kent, England.
# Tin Hinan

Tin Hinan was a 4th-century Tuareg queen. What may be her monumental tomb is located in the Sahara, at Abalessa in the Hoggar region of Algeria.

## Queen of the Hoggar
### Legends

Tin Hinan is sometimes referred to as "Queen of the Hoggar", and by the Tuareg as Tamenokalt which also means "queen". The name literally means "woman of the tents", but may be metaphorically translated as "mother of us all".
According to the stories told in the region, Tin Hinan was a "fugitive princess" who lived some time in the fourth century AD. Driven from the northern parts of the Sahara, she and her caravan of followers, so the stories go, nearly perished in the wilderness until they stumbled upon grain in desert anthills. In other legends less corroborated, Tin Hinan has been referred to as a Muslim. In this legend, Tin Hinan had a daughter (or granddaughter), whose name is Kella, while Takamat had two daughters. These children are said to be the ancestors of the Tuareg of the Ahaggar. Another version is that Tin Hinan had three daughters (who had totemic names referring to desert animals) who were the tribal ancestors.

### Tomb of Tin Hinan

By the early twentieth century, the story of Tin Hinan had long been told, and many believed that it was simply a legend or a myth. However, in 1925, explorers discovered her tomb, proving that she was a historical figure. Located not far from the oasis of Abalessa, Algeria, about 1,000 miles (1550 kilometers) south of Algiers, on a rounded hill rising about 125 ft (38 meters) above the junction of two wadis, the tomb is pear-shaped in plan with a major axis of about 88 ft (27 meters). It contains 11 rooms or courts.
The tomb of Tin Hinan was opened by Byron Khun de Prorok with support from the French army in 1925, and archaeologists made a more thorough investigation in 1933. It was found to contain the skeleton of a woman (probably buried in the fourth century AD) on a wooden litter, lying on her back with her head facing east. She was accompanied by heavy gold and silver jewellery, some of it adorned with pearls. On her right forearm she wore 7 silver bracelets, and on her left, 7 gold bracelets. Another silver bracelet and a gold ring were placed with the body. Remains of a complex piecework necklace of gold and pearls (real and artificial) were also present.
A number of funerary objects were also found. These included a "Venus" statue, a glass goblet (lost during World War II), barbed arrowheads of iron, an iron knife, and a gold foil which bore the imprint of a Roman coin of Constantine I issued between 308 and 324 CE. A 4th to 5th century date is consistent with carbon dating of the wooden bed and also with the style of pottery, a pottery lamp of third-century Roman type, and other tomb furniture. Tifinagh inscriptions are inscribed on the wall stones. The tomb itself is constructed in a style that is widespread in the Sahara.
An anthropological study of the remains concluded the skeleton was that of a tall middle-aged Berber woman. The body is now in the Bardo National Museum in Algiers.
# Panaeolus venezolanus

Panaeolus venezolanus is a species of mushroom in the Bolbitiaceae family. This species of mushroom has a cap with a diameter of 20–35 mm and has a brownish gray to ashy gray color.
# Budaklı, Göle

Budaklı is a village in the Göle District, Ardahan Province, Turkey. Its population is 243 (2021).
# Robert de Souza

Robert De Souza Ribeiro (born 9 May 1992), commonly known as Robert, is a Brazilian footballer.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 26 May 2018.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bylis Ballsh | 2016–17 | Albanian First Division | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 |
| Rio Branco-VN | 2017 | Série D | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 11 | 5 | 11 | 5 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | – | – | 11 | 5 | 16 | 6 |

#### Notes

* ↑ Appearances in Albanian Cup
* ↑ Appearances in Campeonato Capixaba Série B
# The Flying Opera

The Flying Opera is a boxed set containing two DVDs and two CDs by the German power metal band Avantasia, released in March 2011. Avantasia evolved from being a side-project of Edguy vocalist Tobias Sammet to a full-fledged band touring all over the world. The tracks of the set were recorded live during their first world tour in 2008, in support of the album The Scarecrow. The DVD contains also a documentary of the tour and various video clips.
A three-LPs Limited Edition live album of The Flying Opera was released by Nuclear Blast Records in October 2011, with a total of 10,000 copies being printed.

## Track listing
### DVD

Disc 1 Live at Wacken Open Air 2008 (songs 1–4, 8, 11–13, 15) and Masters of Rock Festival 2008 (songs 5–7, 9–10, 14, 16).
* "Twisted Mind"
* "The Scarecrow"
* "Another Angel Down"
* "Prelude/Reach Out for the Light"
* "Inside"
* "No Return"
* "The Story Ain’t Over"
* "Shelter from the Rain"
* "Lost In Space"
* "I Don’t Believe in Your Love"
* "Avantasia"
* "Serpents in Paradise"
* "Promised Land"
* "The Toy Master"
* "Farewell"
* "Sign of the Cross/The Seven Angels (Medley)"
Disc 2
* Around the World in 20 Days – The Movie (documentary)
* "Lost in Space" (video clip)
* "Carry Me Over" (video clip)
* "Carry Me Over" (Making of the video clip)
* "Dying for an Angel" (video clip)

### CD

All tracks are written by Tobias Sammet

## Personnel

* Tobias Sammet - lead vocals
* Sascha Paeth - guitars
* Oliver Hartmann - guitars, backing vocals (lead vocals on tracks 10 and 16)
* Robert Hunecke-Rizzo - bass, backing vocals
* Miro - keyboards, backing vocals
* Felix Bohnke - drums
* Amanda Somerville - backing vocals (lead vocals on tracks 15 and 16)
* Cloudy Yang - backing vocals
Tour guests
* Jørn Lande - lead vocals on tracks 2, 3, 12, 13 and 16
* Andre Matos - lead vocals on tracks 4, 5, 6, 8 and 16
* Bob Catley - lead vocals on tracks 7, 8 and 16
* Kai Hansen - lead vocals on track 14 and 16
* Henjo Richter - guitar on track 14
# Joan Clark Netherwood

Joan Clark Netherwood (1932 – 8 February 2021) was an American photographer. With Elinor Cahn and Linda Rich, she was a founder and active participant in the East Baltimore Documentary Survey Project between 1975 and 1980. Her work is included in the collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Library of Congress.
# Joseph Rodriguez (photographer)

Joseph Rodriguez (born 1951) is an American documentary photographer.

## Life and work

Rodriguez was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He studied photography in the School of Visual Arts and in the Photojournalism and Documentary Photography Program at the International Center of Photography in New York City.
He drove a cab from 1977 to 1985, and in the last two years of which, studying to be a photographer, he photographed while working.
Recent exhibitions of his work have appeared at Galleri Kontrast, Stockholm, Sweden; The African American Museum, Philadelphia, PA; The Fototeca, Havana, Cuba; Birmingham Civil Rights Institute, Birmingham, Alabama, Open Society Institute's Moving Walls, New York; Frieda and Roy Furman Gallery at the Walter Reade Theater at the Lincoln Center; and the Kari Kenneti Gallery Helsinki, Finland.
In 2001 the Juvenile Justice website, featuring Rodriguez's photographs, launched in partnership with the Human Rights Watch International Film Festival High School Pilot Program.
Rodriguez teaches at New York University, the International Center of Photography, New York and has also taught at universities in Mexico and Europe, including Scandinavia.
He received an Alicia Patterson Journalism Fellowship in 1993 to photograph gang families in East Los Angeles.
His work is in the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the National Gallery of Art.

## Publications

* A Humanist Gaze. Taschen, 2013.
* Spanish Harlem: El Barrio in the '80s. powerHouse, 2017. ISBN 978-1576878255.
# R34

R34 may refer to:
* R34 (New York City Subway car)
* R34 (South Africa)
* HM Airship R.34, a rigid airship of the Royal Air Force
* HMS Cockade (R34), a destroyer of the Royal Navy
* Nissan Skyline (R34), a mid-size car
* Nissan Skyline GT-R (R34), a sports car
* R34: Causes burns, a risk phrase
* Renard R.34, a Belgian trainer biplane
* Rule 34, a statement that pornography is concerned in every single character or someone
Я сосу хуй
# Stripped (Hinder EP)

Stripped is an acoustic EP by American rock band Hinder. The EP was released May 13, 2016 via The End Records. This release marked the band's first acoustic-only project and is overall their second EP, the first being their 2003 debut Far from Close.

## Summary

Before playing a show at the venue Ziggy's By The Sea in Wilmington, North Carolina on January 6, 2016 the band was interviewed by The Baltimore Sun, during the interview the group announced that they had begun working on an acoustic EP and already started writing for their next studio album, singer Marshal Dutton said the projects should be released by the end of the year.
On March 7, 2016 the band announced that the acoustic EP will be titled Stripped and will be released May 13, 2016. The EP will consist of 6 songs, 5 songs will be acoustic renditions of previously recorded Hinder tracks while the first track will be a cover of the group K's Choice song "Not an Addict". Altogether the EP will consist of 1 newly recorded track, 4 acoustic versions of songs from the band's 2015 album When The Smoke Clears and a newly recorded version of the band's 2005 hit Get Stoned with new vocalist Marshal Dutton singing vocals. The band also announced that they will be touring June–July 2016 with New Zealand-based rockers Like a Storm in support of the EP.
Vocalist Marshal Dutton commented on the EP saying; "We’re thrilled to finally be able to release this acoustic EP. When we write songs, we believe that they have to be great with just an acoustic guitar. The rest of the instrumentation is just icing on the cake. We can’t wait get out on the road and show our fans our music in its original form."

## Personnel

* Marshal Dutton – lead vocals
* Joe "Blower" Garvey – lead guitar, backing vocals
* Mark King – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Mike Rodden – bass guitar, backing vocals
* Cody Hanson – drums, backing vocals
# Glyne Murray

Glyne Samuel Hyvestra Murray is a Barbadian politician, businessman and diplomat. He was the former minister of state in the cabinet of Prime Minister Owen Arthur. He was the former Barbadian ambassador to Canada.
# Biswanath Sardar

Biswanath Sardar (? – 1808) was a leader of the Indigo revolt in the Bengal. He was popularly known as Bishe Dakaat.

## Revolt

The first phase of revolts in Eastern British India started in the early part of the nineteenth century. Biswanath Sardar led the rebellion in Jessore, Nadia and 24 Parganas. The indigo planters forced the peasants to plant indigo instead of food crops. They provided loans, called dadon, at a very high interest. Subsequently, the farmer remained in debt for his whole life before passing it to his successors. The price paid by the planters was meager, only 2.5% of the market price. Sardar organized the Peasant movement, made first notable resistance against the treatment of Nil Kar (Indigo planters) and started looting the estate of planters one by one. He did not even spare the residence and factory of Indigo planters. First he attacked in Santipur Nilkuthi, afterwards robbed numbers of Kuthis in Khalboalia, Shikarpore, Banshberia, Nischintapur villages. At midnight on 27 September 1808 the peasant rebels surrounded the estate of Samuel Faddy, a planter. Sardar set fire and destroyed the estate but freed Faddy. This incident terrorized all the indigo planters and police sought to arrest Sardar.

## Death

A few months after the attack on Faddy's residence, Police head Mr. Eliot and Mr. Blaquiere, the District Magistrate of Nadia arrested Sardar. He was hanged in Assannagar village after a show trial. The police declared him an outlaw but he had a Robin Hood like heroic image to the poor farmers. Sardar was known as Babu Biswanath as well as the first martyr of Indigo revolt in India.

## Popular culture

There are numerous tales of his actions. Bengali writer Khagendranath Mitra wrote series stories of Bishe Dakait (Decoit). Dhirendralal Dhar portrayed him as great revolutionary in his book Nilkar Elo Deshe.
# Fascinator (album)

Fascinator is the eighth and final studio album by Czech black metal band Master's Hammer. It was released on 10 February 2018 through their own label, Jihosound Records, and is available in vinyl, CD and cassette formats.
It is their first release since Vracejte konve na místo. to count with the participation of guitarist Petr "Blackie" Hošek (a former member of another important Czech black metal band, Root) as an official member, their first one since Mantras with former timpani player Honza "Silenthell" Přibyl, and the first one overall with new bassist Petr "Rámus" Mecák.
Two tracks of the album, "Ve věži ticha" and "Estetika ďábla", were uploaded to vocalist Franta Štorm's official YouTube channel as teasers on 11 September and 22 November 2017, respectively.
Štorm claims on the album's liner notes that most of its writing process were inspired by trips he took to Goa, India (a common destination for him), and Norway (Master's Hammer performed at a festival in Bergen in 2017). "Linkola" is a tribute to the Finnish philosopher Pentti Linkola.
Track 11's title is in Portuguese.
Somewhere during 2020, roughly two years after the album's release, the band officially disbanded. This was, however, only confirmed by founding member and band leader Franta Storm almost four years later, in an interview.

## Critical reception

The album was positively reviewed upon its release. MetalReviews.com, giving it a grade of 85/100, praised its "eerie atmosphere", calling it a "weird and theatrical" album and comparing it favorably to the sonority of Japanese band Sigh. Metal Invader rated it with a 4.5 out of 6, comparing Master's Hammer to American band Psychotic Waltz and saying the album was a huge improvement over the "rather mediocre" Formulæ. Decibel Magazine noticed its "more atmospheric sound", praising its "great riffs and a punishing rhythm section".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Franta Štorm
* Tracks 12 and 13 were not included on the vinyl issue of the album.

## Personnel

* František "Franta" Štorm – vocals, electric guitar, keyboards, production, cover art
* Petr "Blackie" Hošek – froggish solos, rhythm guitar
* Jan "Honza" Kapák – drums, guitar harmonies
* Honza "Silenthell" Přibyl – timpani
* Petr "Rámus" Mecák – bass guitar
* Tomáš "Necrocock" Kohout – sickly vocals, harmonies
* Tom Renter – shout (track 4)
* Ondřej Pospíšil – mastering
# Pat Hodgson

Patrick Shannon Hodgson (born January 30, 1944) is an American former professional football wide receiver. He played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins in 1966. He played college football at the University of Georgia. After his career, he served as a position coach for multiple NFL teams.

## Coaching history

Hodgson served as a position coach for four National Football League teams between 1978 and 1997.
* 1978 San Diego Chargers (wide receivers coach)
* 1979–1987 New York Giants (wide receivers coach)
* 1992–1995 Pittsburgh Steelers (tight ends coach)
* 1996–1997 New York Jets (tight ends coach)

## Personal life

His grandfather (Morton) lettered in football in 1906 and was Georgia's first four-sport letter winner (football, basketball, baseball, and track). His father (Hutch) lettered in football in 1933. His son, Pat Jr., played football at Clarke Central and walked on for a year at Georgia, but he did not play.
After retiring from coaching he worked in I.T.
# Crotonaldehyde

Crotonaldehyde is a chemical compound with the formula CH$_3$CH=CHCHO. The compound is usually sold as a mixture of the E- and Z-isomers, which differ with respect to the relative position of the methyl and formyl groups. The E-isomer is more common (data given in Table is for the E-isomer). This lachrymatory liquid is moderately soluble in water and miscible in organic solvents. As an unsaturated aldehyde, crotonaldehyde is a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. It occurs in a variety of foodstuffs, e.g. soybean oils.

## Production and reactivity

Crotonaldehyde is produced by the aldol condensation of acetaldehyde:
    2 CH$_3$CHO → CH$_3$CH=CHCHO + H$_2$O
Crotonaldehyde is a multifunctional molecule that exhibits diverse reactivity. It is a prochiral dienophile. It is a Michael acceptor. Addition of methylmagnesium chloride produces 3-penten-2-ol.

## Uses

It is a precursor to many fine chemicals. A prominent industrial example is the crossed aldol condensation with diethyl ketone to give trimethylcyclohexenone, this can be easily converted to trimethylhydroquinone, which is a precursor to the vitamin E. Other derivatives include crotonic acid, 3-methoxybutanol and the food preservative Sorbic acid. Condensation with two equivalents of urea gives a pyrimidine derivative that is employed as a controlled-release fertilizer.

## Safety

Crotonaldehyde is a potent irritant even at the ppm levels. It is not very toxic, with an LD$_{50}$ of 174 mg/kg (rats, oral).
# Ramphogordius

Ramphogordius is a genus of worms belonging to the family Lineidae.
The species of this genus are found in Great Britain.
Species:
* Ramphogordius bicolor (Vernet, 1997)
* Ramphogordius pseudolacteus (Gontcharoff, 1951)
# Gracie Lawrence

Gracie Lawrence (born March 16, 1997) is an American actress and singer who co-fronts the soul-pop band Lawrence alongside her brother Clyde.

## Early life

Lawrence grew up in a Jewish family in New York City. Her father, Marc Lawrence, is a filmmaker, best known for writing Miss Congeniality. Lawrence and her brother, Clyde, performing music together since childhood. Their first venues were, “small cafés and clubs around lower Manhattan.” She graduated from The Dalton School in 2015. She attended Brown University before dropping out to pursue music full-time.

## Music

Lawrence and her brother, Clyde, make music under the band name Lawrence. They released their first album, Breakfast, in 2016. They have released four studio albums and several live and acoustic albums.
Lawrence currently has eight band members, including Sam Askin, Sumner Becker, Jordan Cohen, Michael Karsh, Jonny Koh, and Marc Langer. In 2023, the band served as the opening act for the Jonas Brothers North American tour.
The band has performed on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon and The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.

## Acting

Lawrence made her Broadway debut in 2009 in the revival of Neil Simon’s play, Brighton Beach Memoirs. In 2025, she'll star alongside Jonathan Groff as the singer Connie Francis in the musical, Just in Time.
She has had roles in The Americans, Younger, and Billions. In 2025, she joined the third season of Sex Lives of College Girls on Max as a series regular playing the character Kacey.