OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zülküf Karatekin

Zülküf Karatekin (born 1965, Kırkpınar, Diyarbakır) is a Turkish engineer and politician of Kurdish descent. He was a member of the political parties Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP), the Democratic Society Party (DTP). He was elected the Mayor of Kayapinar and imprisoned during his second term in 2009.

## Education

He completed his primary school in Kırkpınar village and high school in Diyarbakır. in 1986, Karatekin graduated from in Engineering and Architecture department from the Selçuk University in Konya.

## Professional career

He started to work at Iller Bank in 1987. He was elected as a Member of the Board of Directors to the Chamber of Civil Engineers of the Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects (TMMOB) in 1996 and as the chairman of it in 1998. He was re-elected as the chairman for three terms. He was exiled to Kastamonu in 1999 and later his employment contract was terminated by Iller Bank.

## Political career

In the 28 March 2004 elections, Karatekin was elected as the Mayor of Kayapinar representing the SHP. In 2005, Karatekin joined the DTP. During his tenure, he was investigated for having ordered to build a swimming pool in the shape of a Kurdistan in 2007. The pool was located in the Medya park, which was inaugurated in June 2007. Another park inaugurated during her mayorship was the ... Park, which did not have a name because its original name Rosna, was rejected by the State-Appointed Governorship.
Karatekin was arrested in December 2009 due to suspected links to the Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK). During his detention he claimed that all of Diyarbakir was part of the KCK and that they wouldn't be able to change this by detaining him. He was tried together with other politicians of his party in the so-called KCK-trials and released in July 2014. Following his release was active in the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP). Later he decided to leave Turkey in 2020 and go to exile into Austria. He arrived in Fieberbrunn in Tyrol, where he applied for asylum.

## In media

He was one of the interviewed politicians for the documentary Prison or Exile.
# Kazuo Nose

Kazuo Nose was a Japanese rower. He competed in the men's coxed four event at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Nose is deceased.
# Militsa Mircheva

Militsa Mircheva (Bulgarian: Милица Мирчева, born 24 May 1994) is a Bulgarian long-distance runner. She placed 108th in the 2016 Olympics marathon.
# Luciano Calosso

Luciano Calosso (Rome, 23 October 1953) is an Italian costume designer. In 1981, he received the Best Costume Designer Award at David di Donatello for Fontamara.

## Filmography

* Il giustiziere di mezzogiorno (1975)
* Noi non siamo angeli (1977)
* Fontamara (1980)
* Aiutami a sognare (1981)
* Honey (1981)
* La neve nel bicchiere (1986)
* I protagonisti di Fellini (1984)
* The Jeweller's Shop (1989)
* Il lungo viaggio (1987)
* Un poliziotto in città (1988)
* Il prato delle volpi (1989)
* The Wicked (1991)
* Sindrome veneziana (1991)
* Favola crudele (1991)
* Frate Julianus (TV series) (1991)
* Berlino '39 (1993)
* Stato d'emergenza (1992)
* Delitto passionale (1994)
* Caccia alle mosche (1993)
* Una sola debole voce (1999)
* Sos laribiancos - I dimenticati (2001)
# Gail Mathurin

Gail Mathurin (born 1960) is a Jamaican ambassador.
* From 1998 to 2002 she was Senior Director, Foreign Trade Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade.
* From 2002 to 2005 she was Under-Secretary, Foreign Trade Division, Ambassador for External Negotiations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, Non-resident Ambassador to Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay.
* From April 2005 to September 2006 she was High Commissioner in London.
and Non-resident Ambassador to Denmark, Finland, Norway and Spain.
* From 2006 to July 2, 2007 she was Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Geneva and Permanent Representative to the World Trade Organization.
* From July 2, 2007 to July 2, 2007 she was Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Vienna.
# Veronica S. Rossman

Veronica Sophia Rossman (née Parkansky, born 1972) is a Russian-born American lawyer serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.

## Early life and education

Rossman was born Veronica Sophia Parkansky in Moscow, Soviet Union. She is Jewish. When she was a child, her parents immigrated to the United States as political and religious refugees. She received her Bachelor of Arts from Columbia University in 1993 and a Juris Doctor from University of California, Hastings College of the Law in 1997.

## Career

Rossman began her legal career as a law clerk for Chief Justice A. William Maupin on the Nevada Supreme Court from 1997 to 1998. From 1998 to 2002, she was a litigation associate at Morrison & Foerster in their Denver office. In 2003 she was an assistant federal public defender for the Districts of Colorado and Wyoming. From 2004 to 2005, she was an attorney with the law firm of Mastbaum and Moffat in Boulder, Colorado. From 2007 to 2008, she was a staff attorney for the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and from 2008 to 2010 was a visiting professor at the University of Denver, Sturm College of Law. From 2015 to 2017 she served as appellate division chief within the Office of the Federal Public Defender for the Districts of Colorado and Wyoming and from 2010 to 2015 she served as an assistant federal public defender in the appellate division of the same office. From 2017 to 2021, she served as senior counsel to the office.

### Federal judicial service

On May 12, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Rossman to serve as a United States circuit judge for the Tenth Circuit to the seat vacated by Judge Carlos F. Lucero, who assumed senior status on February 1, 2021. On June 9, 2021, a hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On July 15, 2021, her nomination was favorably reported by the committee by a 12–10 vote. On August 11, 2021, Majority Leader Chuck Schumer filed cloture on her nomination. On September 14, 2021, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 51–44 vote. On September 20, 2021, her nomination was confirmed by a 50–42 vote. She received her judicial commission on September 28, 2021. She was sworn into office on September 30, 2021. At the time of her appointment, she was the only judge with experience as a public defender serving on the Tenth Circuit, she was later joined by Richard Federico who was also a former federal public defender from 2015 to 2023.
# Bit banging

Bit banging is a term of art that describes a method of digital data transmission as using general-purpose input/output (GPIO) instead of computer hardware that is intended specifically for data communication.' Controlling software is responsible for satisfying protocol requirements including timing which can be challenging due to limited host system resources and competing demands on the software.
In contrast, dedicated communication hardware (e.g., UART, SPI, I²C) satisfies protocol requirements which tends to reduce the runtime load on the controlling system – software and its host processor. In particular, some communication hardware provides data buffering to lower the runtime load of the controlling system.
The bit banging method may allow a computer to support a protocol with limited or no hardware changes and therefore bit banging can be a lower cost option since changing software is typically less expensive than changing hardware.
Bit banging is commonly used in embedded systems.
Choosing between bit banging and dedicated communication hardware involves a trade-offs between load, performance and reliability on one hand, and availability of hardware on the other. Bit banging consumes more processing resources than using dedicated hardware. The processor spends much of its time controlling data lines which precludes other processing. Also, bit banging typically results in a lower quality signal – with more jitter and glitches – especially if the processor is performing other tasks simultaneously. However, if the software is interrupt-driven by the signal, the signal quality may be better, especially if control signals such as RTS, CTS, or DCD are available. Bit banging may be the only solution when dedicated communication hardware is not available.

## Example

The following C language code example transmits a byte of data on an SPI bus via bit banging.
# Aegista chejuensis

Aegista chejuensis is a species of air-breathing land snails, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod in the family Camaenidae.

## Description

The diameter of the shell attains 10.5 mm.
The shell bears a striking resemblance to Aegista mimula, adopting a similar shape. Its complexion is a subtle pale brown, adorned with a glossy finish, and etched with delicate, irregular growth lines. Upon closer inspection, faint spiral lines adorn the base, while the overall cuticle maintains a smooth texture. The shell contains 6 - 6⅓ whorls. The aperture appears oblique, with a thin, expanded outer lip. The outer and basal margins delicately curl inward.

## Distribution

This species occurs on Jeju Island, Japan and Korea
# Data Language Interface

Data Language One (Data Language/I, DL/I, Data Language/One, Data Language/One) is the language system used to access IBM's IMS databases and its data communication system.
It is implemented from many languages by making calls to a software stub, DFSLI000. This stub has entry points to handle a variety of programming languages, e.g., calling CBLTDLI from a COBOL program. This stub is linked to the calling program, passes on the request to the IMS system, and returns the results and a status code.
In any full-function IMS database, the smallest element that can be retrieved is a segment. Each segment is made up of fields, one of which, typically, will be a key field. The segments are arranged hierarchically in the database, the highest-level segment type being a root segment. 255 different segment types, on up to 15 levels, are allowed in any database. A database record consists of a specific root segment and all its dependent child segments – there is no limit to the number of segments in a record, or to the number of records in a database (apart from the physical limitations of storage space).
The structure of any database is presented to the application program as a PCB (Program Communication Block), and this is used as one of the parameters passed to the stub. Other types of PCB are used to send and receive transaction processing messages, access and write to the user’s VDU screen, and to print reports, etc.
When accessing a database segment, the application program also uses an SSA (Segment Search Argument) as a parameter, to specify the segment or segments that it needs. This would typically contain the segment type required and the contents of any key fields.
For all languages except PL/I, the first parameter in a call is the Function Code – a four-character field, examples being: “GU ” (Get Unique), “GN ” (Get Next), “REPL” (Replace), and “ISRT” (Insert). With PL/I, due to the way this language does not mark the last parameter with a '1' in bit 0, the first parameter must instead be a fullword (Fixed Bin(31)) containing the number of following parameters.
A typical call from a COBOL program might be CALL “CBLTDLI” USING GU, Stores-Database-PCB, Stores-Segment-Area, Stores-Root-SSA. The program would then automatically wait till the requested data were retrieved and placed in the Segment-Area. The status code contained within the PCB would be updated with either blanks (if all went well) or some informational or error code.
A typical call from a PL/I program might be CALL PLITDLI(FOUR, GU, Stores-Database-PCB, Stores-Segment-Area, Stores-Root-SSA);.
# Clotilde Delbos

Clotilde Delbos (born 1967) is a French businesswoman who has been the deputy chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer (CFO) of Renault since 1 January 2021. She was the CEO of Mobilize brand till 2023.
She is notable for taking control of Renault after the unusual circumstances in which two of her predecessors were forced out of the French automobile company. Her immediate predecessor Thierry Bolloré was ousted in a coup and his predecessor Carlos Ghosn was detained in Japan.
Her rise to the top echelons of Renault after the ouster of her predecessor Thierry Bolloré, was described as nothing short of a business coup by the BBC, and a major turning point in the relationship between the two corporate automobile giants Renault and Nissan.

## Life

She is married and has three children.

## Education

She is a graduate of the Emlyon Business School, a leading French business school.

## Career

She started her career in California. She has worked for a number of companies including the French subsidiary of PricewaterhouseCoopers, Pechiney Group, Alcan and Apollo Global Management.

### Aluminium industry

She has worked for a number of companies in the Aluminium Industry including Pechiney Group, Alcan and Constellium.

### Banking industry

Her brief stint in the French banking industry includes positions at RCI Banque, the financial services arm of the Renault company.

### Renault

Delbos joined the Groupe Renault in 2012 as Group Controller. In 2014, she was appointed the Alliance Global Director, Control, in addition to her current role as Senior Vice President, Groupe Renault Controller.
In July 2020, Delbos became Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Groupe Renault. She is simultaneously the Chief Financial Officer of Groupe Renault.

## Other activities
### Corporate boards

* Sanofi, Independent Member of the Board of Directors (since 2024)
* Axa, Member of the Board of Directors (since 2021)
* Alstom, Independent Member of the Board of Directors
* RCI Banque, Member of the Board of Directors (since 2014), Chair of the Board of Directors (since 2016)

### Non-profit organizations

* French Rugby Federation, General Treasurer and Member of the Strategic Committee (since 2024)
* World Rugby, Member of the Council (since 2024)

## Recognition

On 1 December 2020, she was named as the Femme de l’année (in English: Woman of the Year) by the journalists of the business magazine Women and Vehicles in Europe (WAVE).
As one of Renault's most senior executives, she has given a number of interviews and has appeared on a number of magazine covers.
She is only the second female chief executive in the global automobile industry, after Mary Barra, a fact which has been noted by several French business magazines.
# Saul Moyal

Saul Moyal (شاوؤل مويال) was an Egyptian Olympic fencer.
Moyal competed in the individual foil (where he made it to the semi-finals), individual épée (where he came in 10th), the team foil event (where the team was eliminated in the first round), and the team épée event (where the team made it to the quarterfinals) at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
Moyal was Jewish, and at the 1932 Maccabiah Games in Israel, he won gold medals in all three weapons. He was runner-up in the Egyptian foil championship in 1928, and took third place in 1936.
Moyal is deceased.
# Bullet Galaxy

The Bullet Galaxy (RXC J2359.3-6042 CC) is a galaxy in the galaxy cluster RXC J2359.3-6042 (Abell 4067 or ACO 4067). It is named after the Bullet Cluster. The Bullet Galaxy is a plowing into a cluster, similar to the merging events of the Bullet Cluster and the Bullet Group. Unlike those two mergers, the Bullet Galaxy's merger is between one galaxy and a galaxy cluster. The cluster merger is happening at a lower speed than the Bullet Cluster, thus allowing the core of the Bullet Galaxy to retain cool gas and remain relatively undisturbed by its passage through the larger cluster. This cluster merger is the first one observed between a single galaxy and a cluster. The galaxy and cluster lies at redshift z=0.0992, some 1.4×10$^9$ ly (4.3×10$^8$ pc) away. The galaxy is traveling through the cluster at a speed of 1,310 km/s (2,900,000 mph).
By studying this unique merging researchers can gain insight on dark matter, and how it interacts with other objects in space. According to astrophysicists James Bullock, "Galaxy clusters that are merging with each other represent interesting laboratories for this kind of question,” when he was speaking of dark matter and the Bullet cluster.
# The Man in the Mask

The Man in the Mask (Korean: 복면검사; Hanja: 覆面檢事; RR: Bongmyeon-geomsa; lit. Masked Prosecutor) is a 2015 South Korean television drama series starring Joo Sang-wook and Kim Sun-a. It aired on KBS2 from May 20 to July 9, 2015 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes.

## Plot

Ha Dae-chul (Joo Sang-wook) who has double identity. He's a normal prosecutor during the day and a masked vigilante at night to punish those that the law could not. Meanwhile, Yoo Min-hee (Kim Sun-a) is a female detective in charge of the violent crime division.

## Cast

* Joo Sang-wook as Ha Dae-chul
** Noh Young-hak as young Ha Dae-chul
* Kim Sun-a as Yoo Min-hee
* Um Ki-joon as Kang Hyun-woong
* Jun Kwang-ryul as Jo Sang-taek
* Hwang Sun-hee as Seo Ri-na
* Yoo Se-hyung as Moon Tae-seong
* Park Yeong-gyu as Jung Do-sung
* Lee Moon-sik as Jang Ho-sik
* Park Young-ji as Seo Min-sung
* Lee Won-jong as Ji Dong-chan
* Kim Byung-choon as Park Dong-pyo
* Hong Seok-cheon as Pi Sung-ho
* Lee Ki-young as Kang Joong-ho
* Jung Ae-ri as Im Ji-sook
* Myung Gye-nam as Song Man-seok
* Park Jung-hak as Lee Jang-kwon
* Kim Dae-ryung as Ki-ho
* Choi Sung-jae as Ki-tae
* Choi Si-won as Thief (cameo, ep. 1)

## Ratings

The series initially aired, two weeks after initial broadcast, on KBS World with subtitles. This was later reduced to one week.
| Episode | Date of Broadcast | TNmS Ratings | TNmS Ratings | AGB Nielsen | AGB Nielsen |
| Episode | Date of Broadcast | Nationwide | Seoul National Capital Area | Nationwide | Seoul National Capital Area |
| 1 | May 20, 2015 | 5.9% | 6.7% | 6.8% | 7.6% |
| 2 | May 21, 2015 | 4.7% | 4.6% | 5.4% | 5.9% |
| 3 | May 27, 2015 | 5.6% | 6.3% | 5.3% | 5.7% |
| 4 | May 28, 2015 | 5.4% | 6.4% | 6.1% | 6.6% |
| 5 | June 3, 2015 | 5.0% | 5.2% | 5.9% | 6.2% |
| 6 | June 4, 2015 | 4.6% | 5.2% | 5.3% | 5.5% |
| 7 | June 10, 2015 | 5.7% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.7% |
| 8 | June 11, 2015 | 4.6% | % | 5.4% | 5.3% |
| 9 | June 17, 2015 | 4.9% | 4.8% | 5.7% | 6.7% |
| 10 | June 18, 2015 | 4.9% | 4.7% | 4.8% | 5.5% |
| 11 | June 24, 2015 | 5.3% | 5.6% | 6.0% | 6.6% |
| 12 | June 25, 2015 | 5.1% | 5.6% | 5.9% | 6.1% |
| 13 | July 1, 2015 | 4.7% | % | 5.6% | 5.9% |
| 14 | July 2, 2015 | 4.5% | 4.7% | 5.3% | 5.7% |
| 15 | July 8, 2015 | 5.0% | 5.3% | 5.9% | 6.4% |
| 16 | July 9, 2015 | 5.9% | % | 6.9% | 7.2% |
| Series average | Series average | 5.11% | % | 5.74% | 6.16% |

## International broadcast

* It aired in Vietnam from November 11, 2016 on HTV2.
* It aired in Indomesia from April 23, 2016 on RTV.
# Midsummer Hill

Midsummer Hill is situated in the range of Malvern Hills that runs approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-south along the Herefordshire-Worcestershire border. It lies to the south of Herefordshire Beacon with views to Eastnor Castle. It has an elevation of 284 metres (932 ft). To the north is Swinyard Hill. It is the site of an Iron Age hill fort which spans Midsummer Hill and Hollybush Hill. The hillfort is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument and is owned by Natural England. It can be accessed via a footpath which leads south from the car park at British Camp on the A449 or a footpath which heads north from the car park in Hollybush on the A438.

## Midsummer Hill Camp

The hillfort is very unusual in that the ramparts enclose two hills and the intervening valley. Bowden speculates that the spring within the valley "enhance[s] the position of the hillfort as a site of symbolic value".
The rampart and ditch were built around 390 BC and it is thought that the settlement was occupied by 1500 people until it was destroyed by fire in AD 48.

## Midsummer Hill in cultural life

In The Ley Hunter's Companion Paul Devereux theorised that a 10-mile alignment he called the "Malvern Ley" passed through St Ann's Well, the Wyche Cutting, a section of the Shire Ditch, Midsummer Hill, Whiteleaved Oak, Redmarley D'Abitot and Pauntley.
# Powderhall

Powderhall is an area lying between Broughton Road and Warriston Road in the north of Edinburgh, the Scottish capital. Until recently it was best known for Powderhall Stadium, a greyhound racing track, which has now closed. The stadium also played host to motorcycle speedway racing from 1977 to 1995, as home to the Edinburgh Monarchs, who have since relocated to Armadale. The Powderhall Sprint, first held in 1870, was a professional footrace with handicapping of the runners. It continues, since 1999, as the New Year Sprint and is now held at Musselburgh Racecourse.
The name derives from a gunpowder factory and associated buildings on the edge of the Water of Leith set up by the Balfour family of Pilrig as one of their several enterprises in the early 18th century.
The site has been redeveloped for housing and business purposes, with the area having become casually (and for marketing purposes) known by the names “Powderhall Village” and, alternatively, “Canonmills Gardens”. This draws attention to its mixed identity as both a desirable village inofitself, and as a natural part of the Canonmills area. Most residents use the Warriston Path, through trees and over disused railway tracks (and a bridge), to get to central Canonmills, George V Park (through a tunnel),the Royal Botanic Garden or, further along, Stockbridge. Following the path downriver through Bonnington ends up at the Shore, Leith.
East Powderhall was once the location of the city's main waste management depots. Originally built as an incinerator, a new chimney on the plant was condemned in the 1990s and removed. Construction is now underway to convert the pand into mixed-use housing, green spaces, and art studios. In this way, Powderhall is an increasingly successful example of an area that unites reclaimed land, post-industrial aesthetics, ongoing industrial processed, relatively unaltered green spaces, and ultra-modern urban housing.
# Manchester, Indiana

Manchester is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Manchester Township, Dearborn County, Indiana. The population was 3,304 as of 2023.

## History

A post office was established at Manchester in 1822, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1914. The community was named from Manchester Township.