# Michael Apted

Michael David Apted CMG (10 February 1941 – 7 January 2021) was an English television and film director and producer.
Apted began working in television and directed the Up documentary series (1964–2019). He later directed Coal Miner's Daughter (1980), which was nominated for seven Academy Awards including Best Picture. His subsequent work included Gorillas in the Mist (1988), Nell (1994), James Bond film The World Is Not Enough (1999), and Enigma (2001). His film Amazing Grace (2006) premiered at the closing of the Toronto International Film Festival that year.
On 29 June 2003, he was elected president of the Directors Guild of America, a position he served until 2009. He was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2008 Birthday Honours.

## Early life and education

Apted was born on 10 February 1941 in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, the son of Frances Amelia (née Thomas) and Ronald William Apted.
He was educated at City of London School and Downing College, Cambridge, where he studied law and history.

## Career
### Television

Apted began his career in television as a trainee for six months at Granada Television in Manchester, where he worked as a researcher. One of his first projects at Granada would become his best known: the Up series, which began in 1964 as a profile of 14 seven-year-old children for the current affairs series World in Action. As a researcher and assistant to Canadian director Paul Almond, Apted was involved in selecting the children, who came from a variety of backgrounds and classes. Though originally conceived as a one-off documentary, the series has become an institution. When it was suggested that they revisit the subjects at ages fourteen and twenty one, Apted accepted the offer to direct and directed every subsequent episode in the series. It explores Apted's thesis that the British class system remains largely in place. It studies the participants based on the Jesuit motto "Give me a child until he is seven and I will show you the man", looking at how they develop during their lives, compared to when they were seven. The series looks at the lives of these people over the years; the latest instalment, 63 Up, was produced in 2019. It won a Peabody Award in 2012 "for its creator’s patience and its subjects' humanity."
During his seven-year period of working at Granada, Apted also directed a number of episodes of Coronation Street, then written by Jack Rosenthal, among others. Apted and Rosenthal later collaborated on a number of popular television and film projects, including the pilot episodes for The Dustbinmen and The Lovers. They worked together again in 1982 for the TV movie P'tang, Yang, Kipperbang, the first film commissioned by Britain's Channel 4. In 1976 Apted directed a play in the Granada TV series Laurence Olivier Presents. The episode was The Collection by Harold Pinter. The play starred Laurence Olivier, Malcolm McDowell, Alan Bates and Helen Mirren.
Apted used his idea from the Up series a second time in Married in America and Married in America 2. The idea was to interview nine married couples every two years over a ten-year period to tell a more complete story of their marriages. In 2005, he directed the first three episodes of the TV series Rome.
For his work in television, Apted won several British Academy Awards, including two Flaherty Documentary Awards for his work on 28 Up and 35 Up and a BAFTA for Best Dramatic Director for the single play Kisses at Fifty in 1974.

### Film

Apted made his first feature film in 1972, The Triple Echo, starring Oliver Reed and Glenda Jackson, and he directed two films for David Puttnam. The Triple Echo was entered into the 8th Moscow International Film Festival. He alternated this work with working on the TV series Play for Today. He directed six plays including Stronger than the Sun, written by Stephen Poliakoff and starring Francesca Annis as a young woman who places her life in danger to expose a crime, a theme Apted returned to several times.
In 1979 he directed the Hollywood-financed Agatha, featuring Vanessa Redgrave. He went to the United States in 1980, where he directed Coal Miner's Daughter, which received seven Academy Award nominations, winning best actress for Sissy Spacek. Both Spacek and Loretta Lynn, the subject of the film, have said that they believe Apted's outsider point of view was crucial to the movie's success in securing the participation of Appalachian residents and to the avoidance of stereotypes that previously had marred portrayals of mountain culture. In 2019, Coal Miner's Daughter was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Apted also made several films with a strong social message or that deal with an ethical dilemma. In 1983 he directed Gorky Park, a political thriller based on the novel by Martin Cruz Smith, that deals with police corruption in the former Soviet Union. Class Action deals with a corporate whistleblower, and Extreme Measures is about medical ethics. Class Action was entered into the 17th Moscow International Film Festival.
In 1994, he directed Nell, which received three Golden Globe Award nominations and one Academy Award nomination.
In 1999, Apted directed the James Bond film The World Is Not Enough.

### Documentary

In addition to the Up series, Apted made other documentaries, including Bring On the Night, a feature-length concert film about the making of Sting's first solo album. He directed the documentary The Long Way Home, which was released in 1989. It chronicled the UK, US and USSR adventures of Boris Grebenshchikov, the first Soviet underground musician allowed to record in the West.
Before the making of Thunderheart, Apted made the documentary Incident at Oglala about Leonard Peltier. Incident at Oglala then informed Thunderheart in the casting of actors for the fiction film.
In 1997, he explored the creative process in Inspirations through candid discussion with seven artists from diverse media, including David Bowie, Louise Lecavalier and Roy Lichtenstein among others.
In a departure from his earlier work, from 1992 to 1994, Apted ventured into China's rapidly changing popular culture. In a project backed by Trudie Styler, Apted directed Moving the Mountain, a feature documentary which probed the origins of the 1989 protests in Tiananmen Square and the consequences of the movement in the lives of several of the movement's student leaders.
In 2006, Apted co-directed The Official Film of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, narrated by Pierce Brosnan.
Apted was the collaborator and subject of the documentary: Michael Apted – Visions on Film, by artist and filmmaker Melinda Camber Porter.

### Theatre

In 1977, Apted directed the premiere of Strawberry Fields at the National Theatre in London.

## Personal life and death

Apted's first marriage was to Jo, with whom he had two sons, Paul and Jim. Paul Apted was a sound editor who worked on movies such as The Wolverine; he died from colon cancer in 2014.
He was married to screenwriter Dana Stevens for 10 years, before they divorced. They had a son, John.
In 2007 Apted became a father for the fourth time, to a girl, who lives with her mother Tania Mellis.
Apted married Paige Simpson, his third wife, in January 2014.
Apted died at his home in Los Angeles on 7 January 2021, at the age of 79.

## Filmography
### Film

* The Triple Echo (1972)
* Stardust (1974)
* Trick or Treat (1975) (unfinished)
* The Squeeze (1977)
* Agatha (1979)
* Coal Miner's Daughter (1980)
* Continental Divide (1981)
* Gorky Park (1983)
* Firstborn (1984)
* Critical Condition (1987)
* Gorillas in the Mist (1988)
* Class Action (1991)
* Thunderheart (1992)
* Blink (1993)
* Nell (1994)
* Extreme Measures (1996)
* The World Is Not Enough (1999)
* Enigma (2001)
* Enough (2002)
* Amazing Grace (2006)
* The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (2010)
* Chasing Mavericks (2012)
* Unlocked (2017)
Documentary film
| Year | Title | Director | Producer | Writer |
| 1985 | Bring On the Night | Yes | No | Yes |
| 1992 | Incident at Oglala | Yes | No | No |
| 1994 | Moving the Mountain | Yes | No | Yes |
| 1997 | Inspirations | Yes | Yes | No |
| 1999 | Me & Isaac Newton | Yes | No | No |
| 2007 | The Power of the Game | Yes | No | No |
| 2012 | 56 Up | Yes | Yes | No |
| 2014 | Bending the Light | Yes | Executive | No |

### Television

| Year | Title | Director | Producer | Notes |
| 1966-1967 | Coronation Street | Yes | No | 21 episodes |
| 1967 | Escape | Yes | No | Episode "A Bad Risk" |
| 1967 | Haunted | Yes | No | |
| 1967-1968 | City '68 | Yes | No | 5 episodes |
| 1968-1972 | Playhouse | Yes | No | 11 episodes |
| 1969 | Big Breadwinner Hog | Yes | No | 2 episodes |
| 1969 | Parkin's Patch | Yes | No | 8 episodes |
| 1970 | The Sinners | Yes | No | Episode "Mother Matilda's Book" |
| 1970 | The Lovers | Yes | No | 6 episodes |
| 1971-1972 | ITV Saturday Night Theatre | Yes | No | Episodes "Another Sunday and Sweet F.A." and "Big Soft Nellie" |
| 1971-1972 | Follyfoot | Yes | No | 2 episodes |
| 1972 | Thirty-Minute Theatre | Yes | No | Episode "Said the Preacher" |
| 1972-1976 | Play for Today | Yes | No | 6 episodes |
| 1973 | Black and Blue | Yes | No | Segment High Kampf |
| 1975 | Shades of Greene | Yes | No | Episode "The Destructors" |
| 1976 | Great Performances | Yes | No | Episode "The Collection" |
| 1976 | Plays for Britain | Yes | No | Episode "Paradise Run" |
| 1982-1985 | First Love | Yes | No | |
| 1991 | My Life and Times | Yes | No | 2 episodes |
| 1992-1993 | Crossroads | Yes | Executive | |
| 1995 | New York News | Yes | No | Episode "Pilot" |
| 2005 | Blind Justice | Yes | No | Episode "Leap of Faith" |
| 2005 | Rome | Yes | Consulting | 3 episodes (Including "The Stolen Eagle") |
| 2006 | What About Brian | Yes | No | Episode "What About the Fish...?" |
| 2013-2016 | Ray Donovan | Yes | No | 2 episodes |
| 2013-2016 | Masters of Sex | Yes | Yes | 9 episodes |
| 2014 | Reckless | Yes | No | Episode "Bloodstone" |
| 2017 | Bloodline | Yes | No | "Part 30" |
TV movies
* Joy (1972)
* Haunted: Poor Girl (1974)
* P'tang, Yang, Kipperbang (1982)
* Always Outnumbered (1998)
* Nathan Dixon (1999)
* Hallelujah (2011)
Documentary film
* The Long Way Home (1989)
* Married in America (2003)
* Married in America 2 (2006)
Up series :
| Year | Title | Director | Producer |
| 1970 | 7 Plus Seven | Yes | Yes |
| 1977 | 21 Up | Yes | Yes |
| 1984 | 28 Up | Yes | Yes |
| 1991 | 35 Up | Yes | Yes |
| 1991 | Age 7 in America | No | Executive |
| 1998 | 14 Up in America | No | Executive |
| 1998 | 42 Up | Yes | Yes |
| 2005 | 49 Up | Yes | Yes |
| 2006 | 21 Up America | No | Executive |

## Other roles

He served as president of the Directors Guild of America from 2003 to 2009 and served as the secretary-treasurer from 2011 to his death.

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Title | Academy Awards | Academy Awards | BAFTA Awards | BAFTA Awards | Golden Globe Awards | Golden Globe Awards |
| Year | Title | Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins |
| 1974 | Stardust | | | 1 | | | |
| 1979 | Agatha | 1 | | 1 | | 2 | |
| 1980 | Coal Miner's Daughter | 7 | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 2 |
| 1983 | Gorky Park | | | 1 | | 1 | |
| 1988 | Gorillas in the Mist | 5 | | 1 | | 3 | 2 |
| 1994 | Nell | 1 | | | | 3 | |
| Total | Total | 14 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 11 | 4 |