# Latin-1 Supplement

The Latin-1 Supplement (also called C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement) is the second Unicode block in the Unicode standard. It encodes the upper range of ISO 8859-1: 80 (U+0080) – FF (U+00FF). C1 Controls (0080–009F) are not graphic. This block ranges from U+0080 to U+00FF, contains 128 characters and includes the C1 controls, Latin-1 punctuation and symbols, 30 pairs of majuscule and minuscule accented Latin characters and 2 mathematical operators.
The C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement block has been included in its present form, with the same character repertoire since version 1.0 of the Unicode Standard. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was simply Latin1.

## Character table

| Code | Result | Description | Acronym |
| C1 Controls ||||
| U+0080 | | Padding Character | PAD |
| U+0081 | | High Octet Preset | HOP |
| U+0082 | | Break Permitted Here | BPH |
| U+0083 | | No Break Here | NBH |
| U+0084 | | Index | IND |
| U+0085 | | Next Line | NEL |
| U+0086 | | Start of Selected Area | SSA |
| U+0087 | | End of Selected Area | ESA |
| U+0088 | | Character (Horizontal) Tabulation Set | HTS |
| U+0089 | | Character (Horizontal) Tabulation with Justification | HTJ |
| U+008A | | Line (Vertical) Tabulation Set | LTS |
| U+008B | | Partial Line Forward (Down) | PLD |
| U+008C | | Partial Line Backward (Up) | PLU |
| U+008D | | Reverse Line Feed (Index) | RI |
| U+008E | | Single-Shift Two | SS2 |
| U+008F | | Single-Shift Three | SS3 |
| U+0090 | | Device Control String | DCS |
| U+0091 | | Private Use One | PU1 |
| U+0092 | | Private Use Two | PU2 |
| U+0093 | | Set Transmit State | STS |
| U+0094 | | Cancel Character | CCH |
| U+0095 | | Message Waiting | MW |
| U+0096 | | Start of Protected Area | SPA |
| U+0097 | | End of Protected Area | EPA |
| U+0098 | | Start of String | SOS |
| U+0099 | | Single Graphic Character Introducer | SGCI |
| U+009A | | Single Character Introducer | SCI |
| U+009B | | Control Sequence Introducer | CSI |
| U+009C | | String Terminator | ST |
| U+009D | | Operating System Command | OSC |
| U+009E | | Private Message | PM |
| U+009F | | Application Program Command | APC |
| Latin-1 Punctuation and Symbols ||||
| U+00A0 | | Non-breaking space | NBSP |
| U+00A1 | ¡ | Inverted exclamation mark | |
| U+00A2 | ¢ | Cent sign | |
| U+00A3 | £ | Pound sign | |
| U+00A4 | ¤ | Currency sign | |
| U+00A5 | ¥ | Yen sign | |
| U+00A6 | ¦ | Broken bar | |
| U+00A7 | § | Section sign | |
| U+00A8 | ¨ | Diaeresis | |
| U+00A9 | © | Copyright sign | |
| U+00AA | ª | Feminine ordinal indicator | |
| U+00AB | « | Left-pointing double angle quotation mark | |
| U+00AC | ¬ | Not sign | |
| U+00AD | | Soft hyphen | SHY |
| U+00AE | ® | Registered sign | |
| U+00AF | ¯ | Macron | |
| U+00B0 | ° | Degree symbol | |
| U+00B1 | ± | Plus-minus sign | |
| U+00B2 | ² | Superscript two | |
| U+00B3 | ³ | Superscript three | |
| U+00B4 | ´ | Acute accent | |
| U+00B5 | µ | Micro sign | |
| U+00B6 | ¶ | Pilcrow sign | |
| U+00B7 | · | Middle dot | |
| U+00B8 | ¸ | Cedilla | |
| U+00B9 | ¹ | Superscript one | |
| U+00BA | º | Masculine ordinal indicator | |
| U+00BB | » | Right-pointing double angle quotation mark | |
| U+00BC | ¼ | Vulgar fraction one quarter | |
| U+00BD | ½ | Vulgar fraction one half | |
| U+00BE | ¾ | Vulgar fraction three quarters | |
| U+00BF | ¿ | Inverted question mark | |
| Letters ||||
| U+00C0 | À | Latin Capital Letter A with grave | |
| U+00C1 | Á | Latin Capital letter A with acute | |
| U+00C2 | Â | Latin Capital letter A with circumflex | |
| U+00C3 | Ã | Latin Capital letter A with tilde | |
| U+00C4 | Ä | Latin Capital letter A with diaeresis | |
| U+00C5 | Å | Latin Capital letter A with ring above | |
| U+00C6 | Æ | Latin Capital letter AE | |
| U+00C7 | Ç | Latin Capital letter C with cedilla | |
| U+00C8 | È | Latin Capital letter E with grave | |
| U+00C9 | É | Latin Capital letter E with acute | |
| U+00CA | Ê | Latin Capital letter E with circumflex | |
| U+00CB | Ë | Latin Capital letter E with diaeresis | |
| U+00CC | Ì | Latin Capital letter I with grave | |
| U+00CD | Í | Latin Capital letter I with acute | |
| U+00CE | Î | Latin Capital letter I with circumflex | |
| U+00CF | Ï | Latin Capital letter I with diaeresis | |
| U+00D0 | Ð | Latin Capital letter Eth | |
| U+00D1 | Ñ | Latin Capital letter N with tilde | |
| U+00D2 | Ò | Latin Capital letter O with grave | |
| U+00D3 | Ó | Latin Capital letter O with acute | |
| U+00D4 | Ô | Latin Capital letter O with circumflex | |
| U+00D5 | Õ | Latin Capital letter O with tilde | |
| U+00D6 | Ö | Latin Capital letter O with diaeresis | |
| Mathematical operator ||||
| U+00D7 | × | Multiplication sign | |
| Letters ||||
| U+00D8 | Ø | Latin Capital letter O with stroke | |
| U+00D9 | Ù | Latin Capital letter U with grave | |
| U+00DA | Ú | Latin Capital letter U with acute | |
| U+00DB | Û | Latin Capital Letter U with circumflex | |
| U+00DC | Ü | Latin Capital Letter U with diaeresis | |
| U+00DD | Ý | Latin Capital Letter Y with acute | |
| U+00DE | Þ | Latin Capital Letter Thorn | |
| U+00DF | ß | Latin Small Letter sharp S | |
| U+00E0 | à | Latin Small Letter A with grave | |
| U+00E1 | á | Latin Small Letter A with acute | |
| U+00E2 | â | Latin Small Letter A with circumflex | |
| U+00E3 | ã | Latin Small Letter A with tilde | |
| U+00E4 | ä | Latin Small Letter A with diaeresis | |
| U+00E5 | å | Latin Small Letter A with ring above | |
| U+00E6 | æ | Latin Small Letter AE | |
| U+00E7 | ç | Latin Small Letter C with cedilla | |
| U+00E8 | è | Latin Small Letter E with grave | |
| U+00E9 | é | Latin Small Letter E with acute | |
| U+00EA | ê | Latin Small Letter E with circumflex | |
| U+00EB | ë | Latin Small Letter E with diaeresis | |
| U+00EC | ì | Latin Small Letter I with grave | |
| U+00ED | í | Latin Small Letter I with acute | |
| U+00EE | î | Latin Small Letter I with circumflex | |
| U+00EF | ï | Latin Small Letter I with diaeresis | |
| U+00F0 | ð | Latin Small Letter Eth | |
| U+00F1 | ñ | Latin Small Letter N with tilde | |
| U+00F2 | ò | Latin Small Letter O with grave | |
| U+00F3 | ó | Latin Small Letter O with acute | |
| U+00F4 | ô | Latin Small Letter O with circumflex | |
| U+00F5 | õ | Latin Small Letter O with tilde | |
| U+00F6 | ö | Latin Small Letter O with diaeresis | |
| Mathematical operator ||||
| U+00F7 | ÷ | Division sign | |
| Letters ||||
| U+00F8 | ø | Latin Small Letter O with stroke | |
| U+00F9 | ù | Latin Small Letter U with grave | |
| U+00FA | ú | Latin Small Letter U with acute | |
| U+00FB | û | Latin Small Letter U with circumflex | |
| U+00FC | ü | Latin Small Letter U with diaeresis | |
| U+00FD | ý | Latin Small Letter Y with acute | |
| U+00FE | þ | Latin Small Letter Thorn | |
| U+00FF | ÿ | Latin Small Letter Y with diaeresis | |

## Subheadings

The C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement block has four subheadings within its character collection: C1 controls, Latin-1 Punctuation and Symbols, Letters, and Mathematical operator(s).

### C1 controls

The C1 controls subheading contains 32 supplementary control codes inherited from ISO/IEC 8859-1 and many other 8-bit character standards. The alias names for the C0 and C1 control codes are taken from ISO/IEC 6429:1992.

### Latin-1 punctuation and symbols

The Latin-1 Punctuation and Symbols subheading contains 32 characters of common international punctuation characters, such as the inverted question and exclamation marks, a middle dot, and symbols such as currency signs, spacing diacritic marks, vulgar fractions, and superscript numbers.

### Letters

The Letters subheading contains 30 pairs of majuscule and minuscule accented or novel Latin characters for western European languages, and two extra minuscule characters (ß and ÿ) not commonly used as the first letter of words.

### Mathematical operator

The Mathematical operator subheading is used for the multiplication and division signs.

## Number of symbols, letters and control codes

The table below shows the number of letters, symbols and control codes in each of the subheadings in the C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement block.
| Type of subheading | Number of symbols | Range of characters |
| C1 controls | 32 control codes | U+0080 to U+009F |
| Latin-1 punctuation and symbols | 32 punctuation and symbols | U+00A0 to U+00BF |
| Letters | 30 pairs of majuscule and minuscule accented Latin characters | U+00C0 to U+00D6, U+00D8 to U+00F6 and U+00F8 to U+00FF |
| Mathematical operators | The U+00D7 × MULTIPLICATION SIGN and U+00F7 ÷ DIVISION SIGN symbols. | U+00D7 and U+00F7 |

## Compact table

C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) :
| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| U+008x | XXX | XXX | BPH | NBH | IND | NEL | SSA | ESA | HTS | HTJ | VTS | PLD | PLU | RI | SS2 | SS3 |
| U+009x | DCS | PU1 | PU2 | STS | CCH | MW | SPA | EPA | SOS | XXX | SCI | CSI | ST | OSC | PM | APC |
| U+00Ax | NBSP | ¡ | ¢ | £ | ¤ | ¥ | ¦ | § | ¨ | © | ª | « | ¬ | SHY | ® | ¯ |
| U+00Bx | ° | ± | ² | ³ | ´ | µ | ¶ | · | ¸ | ¹ | º | » | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | ¿ |
| U+00Cx | À | Á | Â | Ã | Ä | Å | Æ | Ç | È | É | Ê | Ë | Ì | Í | Î | Ï |
| U+00Dx | Ð | Ñ | Ò | Ó | Ô | Õ | Ö | × | Ø | Ù | Ú | Û | Ü | Ý | Þ | ß |
| U+00Ex | à | á | â | ã | ä | å | æ | ç | è | é | ê | ë | ì | í | î | ï |
| U+00Fx | ð | ñ | ò | ó | ô | õ | ö | ÷ | ø | ù | ú | û | ü | ý | þ | ÿ |
| 1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0 |||||||||||||||||

## Emoji

The Latin-1 Supplement block contains two emoji: U+00A9 and U+00AE.
The block has four standardized variants defined to specify emoji-style (U+FE0F VS16) or text presentation (U+FE0E VS15) for the two emoji, both of which default to a text presentation.
Emoji variation sequences :
| U+ | 00A9 | 00AE |
| base code point | © | ® |
| base+VS15 (text) | ©︎ | ®︎ |
| base+VS16 (emoji) | ©️ | ®️ |

## History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Latin-1 Supplement block:
| Version | Final code points | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | X3L2/95-002 | | PDAM No. 3 to ISO/IEC 10646-1 on coding of C1 controls, 1994-11-01 |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | X3L2/95-028 | N1148 | Nine tables of replies to repeated/extended votes, 1995-02-22 |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | | N1203 | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1995-05-03), "5.3", Unconfirmed minutes of SC2/WG2 Meeting 27, Geneva |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | X3L2/95-061 | | DAM no.3 to ISO/IEC 10646-1 (Coding of C1 controls), 1995-06-01 |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | | N1307 | Table of replies to JTC1 letter ballot on 10646 DAM 3, Coding of C1 Controls, (SC2 N 2666), 1996-01-15 |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | | N1309 | Paterson, Bruce (1996-01-17), Report and Disposition of Comments on DAM 1, UTF 16 and DAM 2, UTF-8, DAM 3, Coding of C1 Controls, and DAM 4, Removal of Annex G: UTF1 |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | | N1312 | Paterson, Bruce (1996-01-17), Draft Final Text of 10646 AMD-3, Coding of C1 Controls |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | L2/99-048 | | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1999-02-04), C1 controls in the code charts |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | L2/99-054R | | Aliprand, Joan (1999-06-21), "C1 Controls", Approved Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting in Palo Alto, February 3-5, 1999 |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | | N3046 | Suignard, Michel (2006-02-22), Improving formal definition for control characters |
| 1.0.0 | U+0080..009F | 32 | | N3103 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006-08-25), "M48.33", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 48, Mountain View, CA, USA; 2006-04-24/27 |
| 1.0.0 | U+00A0..00FF | 96 | | | (to be determined) |
| 1.0.0 | U+00A0..00FF | 96 | X3L2/94-077 | N994 | Davis, Mark (1994-03-03), ISO/IEC 10646-1 - Proposed Draft Corrigendum 1 |
| 1.0.0 | U+00A0..00FF | 96 | X3L2/94-098 | N1033 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1994-06-01), "8.1.15", Unconfirmed Minutes of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Meeting 25, Falez Hotel, Antalya, Turkey, 1994-04-18--22 |
| 1.0.0 | U+00A0..00FF | 96 | L2/11-016 | | Moore, Lisa (2011-02-15), "Correct mistakes in property assignments for super and subscripted letters (B.13.4) [U+00AA, U+00BA]", UTC #126 / L2 #223 Minutes |
| 1.0.0 | U+00A0..00FF | 96 | L2/11-116 | | Moore, Lisa (2011-05-17), "Consensus 127-C14", UTC #127 / L2 #224 Minutes, Change the general category of to U+00AA FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR and U+00BA MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR "Lo" for Unicode 6.1. |
| 1.0.0 | U+00A0..00FF | 96 | L2/11-261R2 | | Moore, Lisa (2011-08-16), "Consensus 128-C6", UTC #128 / L2 #225 Minutes, Change the general category from "So" to "Po" ... [U+00A7 and U+00B6] |
| 1.0.0 | U+00A0..00FF | 96 | L2/15-050R | | Davis, Mark; et al. (2015-01-29), Additional variation selectors for emoji |
| ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names ↑ See also L2/13-207, L2/14-054, L2/14-063, L2/15-051A, L2/15-051B ↑ Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs block for additional emoji-related documents ||||||