OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Germain's peacock-pheasant

The Germain's peacock-pheasant (Polyplectron germaini) is a pheasant in the family Phasianidae endemic to Indochina. The name commemorates the French colonial army's veterinary surgeon Louis Rodolphe Germain.

## Description

The bird is a medium-sized, approximately 60 centimetres (24 in) long, brownish dark pheasant with finely spotted buff, short crest, bare red facial skin, brown iris and purplish-blue ocelli on upperbody plumage and half of its tail of twenty feathers. Both sexes are similar. The female has eighteen tail feathers and is smaller than the male.

## Taxonomy

The phylogeny of this species is somewhat enigmatic. mtDNA cytochrome b and D-loop as well as the nuclear ovomucoid intron G data confirms that it belongs to a clade together with the grey peacock-pheasant, but also the "brown" southernly species bronze-tailed peacock-pheasant and mountain peacock-pheasant. Biogeography suggests that it may indeed be the most ancient form in its clade, speciating parapatrically or peripatrically in Cochinchina (Kimball et al. 2001). This probably took place in the Late Pliocene, roughly 4-3 mya.

## Distribution and habitat

The Germain's peacock-pheasant is endemic to southern Indochina. It is found in the seasonal tropical forests of mid-southern Vietnam and far eastern Cambodia; it can be found readily in Cat Tien National Park. The female usually lays two creamy-white eggs.

## Status and conservation

Due to ongoing habitat loss and limited range, the Germain's peacock-pheasant is evaluated as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix II of CITES.
# Puran Tehsil

Puran (Urdu: پُورَن) is a sub-division and tehsil of Shangla District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The subdivision includes three tehsils viz: Puran itself, Martung and Makhuzai. Puran Sub-division comprises nine Union Councils.

## Villages and settlements

* Puran includes the following villages and towns
* Aloch
* Bengalai
* Kotkay
* Nimkalay
* Sandovi
* Chagam
* Sanila

## Notable people

People from Puran include:-
* Fazlullah
* Ibadullah Khan
* Pir Muhammad Khan
* Abdul Munim
* Amir Muqam
* Faisal Zeb
# Haemaphysalis pentalagi

Haemaphysalis pentalagi, the Ryukyu rabbit tick, is an endangered species endemic to Japan where it is only known from Amami Ōshima, an island in the Ryukyu archipelago. It is a host specific parasite of the Amami rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi) which is endemic to the islands of Amami Ōshima and Tokunoshima. Due to its host-specific relationship with the endangered Amami rabbit, it is considered a co-endangered species.
The Ryukyu rabbit tick was originally described and named in 1935 based on a single male specimen. Full descriptions of the male, female, nymphal and larval stages were published in April 1970 in the Journal of Parasitology by Harry Hoogstraal and Noboru Yamagutit.
The Ryukyu rabbit tick is the subject of the first dedicated conservation program for a globally threatened parasite which began in 2022. This program involves both in-situ monitoring of wild populations of this tick and ex-situ captive breeding of an insurance population in the event that the species becomes extinct in the wild.
# George Wilson (footballer, born 1912)

George T. Wilson (1912 – ?) was an English professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper in Scottish football for Dreghorn, Galston and Ayr United and in the Football League for York City.
# Jakob Marengo Secondary School

Jacob Marengo Tutorial College (JMTC) also known as Jacob Marengo Senior Secondary School in Namibia, located at Mungunda Street in Katutura, Windhoek

## History

Founded by Ottilie Abrahams in 1985, Jacob Marengo Tutorial College is located in Windhoek, Namibia. It was established to cater to Namibian youth who were too old to attend traditional high school but had the ambition to complete their secondary education. Today, JMTC accepts students of all ages and has been an excellent academic partner with other high schools in the country.

## Vision

JMTC encourages adult students to complete their academic endeavors and prepares them to enter universities in Namibia as well as abroad, with strong aspirations to succeed. JMTC has plans to embark on service learning and broaden student awareness of global technology. Gladys Karirirue Kahaka Ph.D, a local scientist who attended JMTC, was recently awarded a Unesco-L'Oréal For Women in Science (FWIS) international fellowship.
# Karlsruhe West station

Karlsruhe West station is a railway station in the Grünwinkel district in the municipality of Karlsruhe, located in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
# 2001 Grozny Mi-8 crash

The 2001 Grozny Mil Mi-8 crash in Chechnya killed 13 Russian military personnel, mostly senior military officers including two generals.
On September 17, 2001, a surface-to-air missile fired by a special Chechen group targeting Russian commanders downed a VIP Mil Mi-8 helicopter over Grozny, killing Major-General Anatoly Pozdnyakov, member of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, Major-General Pavel Varfolomeyev, deputy director of staff of the Ministry of Defence of Russia, eight Colonels (Igor Abramov, Igor Khakhalkin, Yuri Makhov, Vladimir Smolennikov, Sergei Toryanik, Nikolai Lyubimsky, Igor Tribuntsov, and Vladimir Talayev), and three crewmembers.
In 2005, four members of a group called "Ichkeria defense" were sentenced for the downing of the aircraft.
According to an alternative version, described by Anna Politkovskaya, the helicopter was downed by corrupt Russian forces. According to Politkovskaya:
   The city was sealed off after a series of strange events there. Controls were so tight you couldn't even move between different districts within the city, let alone make your way out of Grozny on foot. On that day, 17 September, a helicopter carrying a commission, headed by Major-General Anatoly Pozdnyakov, from the General Staff in Moscow was shot down directly over the city. The general was engaged in work quite unprecedented for a soldier in Chechnya. Only an hour before the helicopter was shot down, he told me the task of his commission was to gather data on crimes committed by the military, analyse their findings, put them in some order and then submit the information for the president's consideration. Nothing of the kind had been done before. The helicopter in which they were flying out of Grozny was shot down almost exactly over the city centre. All the members of the commission perished, and since they were already on their way to Khankala airbase to take a plane back to Moscow, so did all the material they had collected.
# Shaun Filiault

Shaun Filiault is an American politician who served as a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from the Cheshire 7 District. He assumed office December 7, 2022. He was also chairman of the Keene, New Hampshire, Democratic Committee prior to changing his party affiliation to Independent in June 2023.
On June 6, 2024, Filiault announced he would not seek re-election as he and his fiance planned to move out-of-state after Filiault’s term. He resigned from the House on July 31, 2024, as that anticipated out-of-state move ultimately occurred prior to the end of the term.

## Early life and education

Filiault was born in 1981 and raised in New Hampshire and educated in the Keene public school system. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Boston University before earning his PhD at the University of South Australia. He later earned a Juris Doctor degree from the University of New Hampshire School of Law.

## Career

After earning his PhD, Filiault was a lecturer in health promotion at Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia. He specialized in men's health issues and published numerous articles in men's health promotion and men's body image. He subsequently changed careers and graduated from law school, passing the New York and New Hampshire bar exams. He clerked for Judge William G. Young in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts.

## Electoral History and Legislative Career

In 2020, Filiault won a seat on the Keene School Board. He later resigned that seat because an attorney at the law firm for which he worked was appointed the school district’s counsel and Filiault wished to avoid the possibility of a conflict of interests.
In 2022, Filiault defeated incumbent Rep. John Bordenet in the Democratic primary to represent the newly redistricted Cheshire 7 District, which covers Ward 2 in Keene. Filiault won that race with 74.9% of the vote to Bordenet’s 25.1% of the vote. Filiault cited Bordenet’s positions on the “gay panic defense,” gun violence prevention, and marijuana legalization as major reasons for challenging the incumbent Bordenet. Filiault then defeated Republican nominee David Kamm in the general election, with 73.9% of the vote to Kamm's 26.1%.
Filiault was a member of House Commerce and Consumer Affairs Committee.
In June 2023 Filiault left the House Democratic caucus and registered as an Independent over disagreements about his legislative deal-making with Republicans.
In 2023, Filiault was the prime sponsor of HB 315, which sought to abolish the "gay panic defense" in New Hampshire. The bill passed both the House and Senate in June 2023 after first going to a "committee of conference" between the two chambers. The bill was signed by Governor Chris Sununu in August 2023, and went into effect on midnight January 1, 2024. The bill marks the first time a state with a Republican-controlled legislature and executive abolished the gay panic defense.
# Sanhedria Murhevet

31°48′07″N 35°13′05″E﻿ / ﻿31.802017°N 35.217962°E﻿ / 31.802017; 35.217962
Sanhedria HaMurhevet (Hebrew: סנהדריה המורחבת, also spelled Sanhedria HaMurchevet) is a Haredi neighborhood in Jerusalem. Its name translates as "expanded Sanhedria".
The neighborhood was founded in 1970 as a northern expansion of Sanhedria. The neighborhood is horseshoe-shaped. As of 2007 it has 784 residences. The neighborhood is closed to automobile traffic on Shabbat and Jewish holidays.
Sanhedria Murhevet is home to Yeshivat Tiferet Zvi, yeshivat kinyan torah, Yeshiva Toras Moshe, Yeshiva Chofetz Chaim, the Jerusalem Kollel, and Kollel Meshech Chochma as well as some schools which include hatzafon, kneset yehuda. The Har Hotzvim industrial complex and Yeshivat Horev are located nearby.

## Nahal Tzofim

The neighborhood overlooks Nahal Tzofim which is a tributary of Nahal Sorek. The slope on the southern bank of Nahal Tzofim, which the neighborhood overlooks, is an open area with many terraces constructed during the Second Temple period, used for agriculture in antiquity. Other artifacts of antique agriculture, such as threshing-stones and cisterns, and burial caves, continue along the creek's path.
* Ma'agalei HaRim Street in the neighborhood
* Ma'agalei HaRim Street
* Street sign at the corner of Levin and Yam Suf at night

## Notable residents
### Current residents

* Asher Arieli
* Yitzchak Berkovits
* Uri Lupolianski
* Yitzhak Yosef

### Former residents

* Yehuda Meshi Zahav
* Yitzchok Zilber
* Haim Bar-Lev
# KSOK-FM

KSOK-FM (95.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a variety hits format. Licensed to Winfield, Kansas, United States, the station serves southeast of the Wichita area. The station is currently owned by Christi & Steve Lungren, through licensee Doxa Wave, LLC.

## History

In January 2022, KSOK-FM flipped its format from country to variety hits branded as "95.9 Bob FM". The flip followed Doxa Wave, LLC purchasing the station from Cowley County Broadcasting.
# Sheila Seidel

Sheila Seidel is an American politician. She serves as a Republican member for the Hillsborough 29th district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
# Xiabuzan

The Xiabuzan (Chinese: 下部讚) is a Chinese Manichaean hymn scroll found by British archaeologist Aurel Stein in the Mogao Grottoes. It contains a series of hymns used in religious ceremonies. It is currently held at the British Library, where it is catalogued as number S.2659.

## Introduction

The first volume of the manuscript is slightly incomplete, and the content is written in the form of poetry. Among them, there are 1254 sentences of seven-character poems, and a few four-character and five-character poems. According to Lin Wushu's research, these hymns were translated from a Middle Iranian language, rather than original by the Manichaeans. Many of the contents are dedicated to the Yishu (Jesus), and the hymn to the highest deity of Manichaeism.

## In the 'Praise Jesus' text

After Manichaeism was introduced into China, because the image of Jesus was quite unfamiliar to Chinese culture, missionaries combined it with Buddhist imagery, called Jesus Buddha, and made him a model of great mercy and relief. Therefore, believers wrote in the following excerpt from the hymn "Praise Jesus Text", which is like a Buddhist scripture in the Chinese Manichaean hymn scroll.
* The Buddha-Jesus, who is the most powerful and compassionate person in the world, forgives my sins.
* Listen to my painful words and lead me out of the sea of poisonous fire. I wish to give the fragrant water of liberation, the twelve jeweled crowns and the drapes. To cleanse me from the dust of my wonderful nature, and to adorn my pure body to make it upright. May I be rid of the three winters and three poisonous knots, and the six thieves and six poisonous winds. Let the great dharma spring glorify my nature, and let the trees of nature and flowers flourish. May the great waves of fire and the dark clouds and fogs be quenched. Let the great dharma day shine brightly, so that my mind may always be pure. May I be relieved of the disease of dumbness and blindness, and of the monsters and devils. Send down the great Dharma medicine for speedy healing, and silence the divine incantation to drive away the spirits. I have been subjected to so many obstacles and countless other hardships. In view of this, the great sage should forgive me and save me from all the disasters.
* May Jesus have mercy on me and free me from all demonic bonds.
# Philomen Probert

Philomen Probert FBA (born 1973) is a British classicist and academic, specialising in linguistics. She is Professor of Classical Philology and Linguistics at the University of Oxford.

## Early life and education

From 1991 to 1995, Probert studied Literae Humaniores (i.e. classics) at Exeter College, Oxford, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. Remaining at Exeter College, she undertook postgraduate studies in general linguistics and comparative philology, completing her Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degree in 1997. She then moved to St John's College, Oxford, where she undertook research towards her Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree under the supervision of Anna Morpurgo Davies. She completed her DPhil in 2000 with a thesis titled "Studies in ancient Greek accentuation". Her doctoral thesis won the 2002 Conington Prize from the Faculty of Classics.

## Academic career

In 1999, Probert was appointed lecturer in Classical Philology and Linguistics at the University of Oxford and elected a Fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford. In the 2006/2007 academic year, she researched relative clauses in Greek on fellowship at the Center of Hellenic Studies at Harvard University. In 2011 she received a British Academy Mid-Career Fellowship to continue this research. In September 2016, she was awarded a Title of Distinction as Professor of Classical Philology and Linguistics. She was the Acting President of Wolfson College between October 2017 and April 2018. In 2024 she was elected as a Fellow of the British Academy.
Her research is focused on Ancient Greek, Latin, Anatolian and Indo-European linguistics, and the Graeco-Roman grammatical tradition.

## Personal life

Probert entered a civil partnership with Eleanor Dickey in 2008, and they have since been married.

## Selected works

* Probert, Philomen (2003). A new short guide to the accentuation of Ancient Greek. Bristol: Bristol Classical. ISBN 978-1853995996.
* Probert, Philomen (2006). Ancient Greek accentuation synchronic patterns, frequency effects, and prehistory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199279609.
* Probert, Philomen; Willi, Andreas, eds. (2012). Laws and rules in Indo-European. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199609925.
* Probert, Philomen (2015). Early Greek Relative Clauses. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198713821.
# Niobium monoxide

Niobium monoxide is the inorganic compound with the formula NbO. It is a grey solid with metallic conductivity.

## Structure and electronic properties

NbO adopts an unusual cubic structure, similar to the rock salt structure but with some missing atoms compared to it, so that both niobium and oxygen atoms have square planar coordination geometries. The niobium centers are arranged in octahedra, and there is a structural similarity to the octahedral niobium clusters in lower halides of niobium. In NbO the Nb–Nb bond length is 298 pm which compares to 285 pm in the metal. One study of the bonding concludes that strong and nearly covalent bonds exist between the metal centers.
It is a superconductor with a transition temperature of 1.38 K. It is used in capacitors where a layer of Nb$_2$O$_5$ is formed around NbO grains as the dielectric.

## Preparation

NbO can be prepared by reduction of Nb$_2$O$_5$ by H$_2$. More typically, it is prepared by comproportionation:
    Nb$_2$O$_5$ + 3 Nb → 5 NbO
# Richard E. Korf

Richard Earl Korf is an American computer scientist whose research in artificial intelligence has focused on heuristic search methods, including the invention of iterative deepening depth-first search and iterative deepening A*, often using puzzles as test cases for his algorithms. In 1997, he wrote the first computer program that could optimally solve the Rubik's Cube puzzle. He is a professor emeritus of computer science at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).

## Education and career

Korf majored in electrical engineering and computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, working there with Gerald Jay Sussman and graduating in 1977. He continued his studies in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University, received a master's degree there in 1980, and completed his Ph.D. in 1983. His dissertation, Learning to Solve Problems by Searching for Macro-Operators, was supervised by Herbert A. Simon.
He became Herbert M. Singer Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University in 1983, then moved to UCLA in 1985. There, he was promoted to associate professor in 1988 and full professor in 1995.

## Recognition

Korf was elected as a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in 1994, "for contributions to the development and analysis of heuristic search methods".
Korf's 1990 paper "Real-time heuristic search" was recognized as the 2016 Artificial Intelligence journal classic paper award winner.
# Sheri Minor

Sheri Minor is an American politician. She serves as a Republican member for the Belknap 5th district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
# 990

Year 990 (CMXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* Al-Mansur, Chancellor and effective ruler of Al-Andalus, conquers the Castle of Montemor-o-Velho (modern Portugal), expanding the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba.
* The city of Lund, Sweden is founded, during the reign of the Danish king Sweyn Forkbeard (approximate date).

#### Africa

* The Ghana Empire takes the Berber town of Aoudaghost (modern Mauritania) as the West African nation makes further gains.
* Construction of the Al-Hakim Mosque by orders of the Fatimid vizier Gawar Al-Siqilli begins in Cairo (modern Egypt).

### By topic
#### Religion

* June – The Pax Ecclesiae, an edict by the Catholic Church, is promulgated. Held at three synods in different parts of southern and central France (at Charroux, Narbonne and Puy), it attempts to outlaw acts of war against non-combatants and the clergy.

## Births

* November 11 – Gisela of Swabia, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1043)
* Adamo Abate, Italian Benedictine abbot (approximate date)
* Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la, Arab Hanbali scholar and jurist (d. 1066)
* Bi Sheng, Chinese inventor of movable type printing (d. 1051)
* Chananel ben Chushiel, Tunisian Jewish rabbi (d. 1053)
* Conrad II (the Elder), Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1039)
* Edmund II (Ironside), king of England (d. 1016)
* Grigor Magistros, Armenian prince (d. 1058)
* John Scotus, bishop of Mecklenburg (d. 1066)
* John Vladimir, Serbian prince (approximate date)
* Kálfr Árnason, Norwegian chieftain (approximate date)
* Mieszko II, king of Poland (approximate date)
* Nissim ben Jacob, Tunisian Jewish rabbi (d. 1062)
* Theobald of Dorat, French monk and saint (d. 1070)
* Theodoric II, margrave of Lower Lusatia (d. 1034)
* Thietmar, margrave of the Saxon Ostmark (d. 1030)
* Tughril, sultan of the Seljuk Empire (d. 1063)
* Yaakov ben Yakar, German Jewish rabbi (d. 1064)
* Zhang Xian, Chinese poet and writer (d. 1078)

## Deaths

* March 15 – Siegfried I (the Older), German nobleman
* March 25 – Nicodemus of Mammola, Italian monk and saint
* April 23 – Ekkehard II (the Courtier), Swiss monk and abbot
* June 15 – Theophanu, Holy Roman Empress and regent
* July 26 – Fujiwara no Kaneie, Japanese statesman (b. 929)
* September 16 – Folcuin, Frankish abbot of Saint Bertin
* December 10 – Folcmar (Poppo), bishop of Utrecht
* Al-Saghani, Persian astronomer and historian of science
* Al-Tamimi, Arab writer and physician (approximate date)
* Dunash ben Labrat, Arab Jewish commentator (b. 920)
* Indra Pala, ruler of the Pala Dynasty (India) (b. 960)
* Kiyohara no Motosuke, Japanese nobleman (b. 908)
* Nazif ibn Yumn, Melkite Christian mathematician and translator
* Oliba Cabreta, count of Cerdanya and Besalú (Spain)
* Qarghuyah, Hamdanid administrator and governor
* Sahl ben Matzliah, Jewish philosopher (b. 910)
* Urard Mac Coise, Irish poet (Ollamh Érenn)
# Maggie Tallerman

Maggie Tallerman is a professor of linguistics at Newcastle University. Her research interests include Celtic linguistics, language origins and evolution (evolutionary linguistics), language typology, morphology and morphosyntax. She is a leading expert in the fields of language evolution and syntax of the Welsh language.

## Education

Tallerman gained her PhD from the University of Hull in 1987 on the ‘Mutation and the syntactic structure of Modern Colloquial Welsh’ under the supervisor Nigel B Vincent. She gained her B.A. (Hons) in 1979 in linguistics, also at the University of Hull.

## Career

Tallerman has previously held positions at the University of Durham, Department of Linguistics, as Lecturer, Senior Lecturer and Reader (1982-2004).
Tallerman's research interests include Celtic linguistics, language origins and evolution. Her particular interests include Brythonic Celtic and Language Evolution.

## Publications

Her works include:
* 2015 Understanding Syntax published by Routledge.
* 2012 with Kathleen Gibson, editor The Oxford Handbook of Language Evolution.
* 2007 with Robert D. Borsley and David Willis. The Syntax of Welsh. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
* Tallerman, Maggie. VSO word order and consonantal mutation in Welsh. Linguistics 1990, 28, 389–416.

## Memberships

* EVOLANG - The International Conferences on the Evolution of Language: http://www.evolang.org/
* Linguistics Association of Great Britain
* Linguistic Society of America
* Philological Society