OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Corruption in Serbia

Political corruption :
Forms and concepts :
Abuse of power
Bribery
Censorship
Political repression
Political violence
Cronyism
Economics of corruption
Election interference
Electoral fraud
Elite capture
Influence peddling
Insider trading
Iron triangle
Judicial
Kleptocracy
In local government
Mafia state
Malfeasance
Misfeasance
Nepotism
Politically exposed person
Pyrrhic defeat theory
Revolving door
Slush fund
Simony
Suspicious activity report
State capture
State-corporate crime
Throffer :
Anti-corruption :
International Anti-Corruption Court
Group of States Against Corruption
International Anti-Corruption Academy
International Anti-Corruption Day
United Nations Convention against Corruption :
Corruption by country :
vte :
Corruption levels are perceived to be high by surveyed residents of Serbia, and public trust in key institutions remains low.

## Dynamics

Public procurement, public administration recruitment processes, mining and rail operations are sectors with a serious problem of conflict of interest. The European Commission has raised concern over Serbia's judiciary, police, health and education sectors that are particularly vulnerable to corruption. Corruption is considered the most problematic factor for doing business in Serbia, followed by inefficient government bureaucracy.

## Anti-corruption efforts

Even though Serbia has made progress in the investigation of high-level corruption cases, the implementation of anti-corruption laws is weak. According to Global Corruption Barometer 2016, 22% of Serbian citizens who had contact with public institutions included in research (traffic police, public health, educational system, courts - civil litigation, public services that issue official documents, departments responsible for social welfare), had paid bribe at least once in the previous year.
Transparency International's 2024 Corruption Perceptions Index scored Serbia at 35 on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"). When ranked by score, Serbia ranked 105th among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector. For comparison with worldwide scores, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 11 (ranked 180). For comparison with regional scores, the highest score among Eastern European and Central Asian countries was 53, the average score was 35 and the lowest score was 18.
Serbia's scores of 36 in 2022 and 2023 were its lowest since the Corruption Perceptions Index began its current system of scoring in 2012. Transparency International reported in 2023 that the autocratic government of Serbia controls the justice system and prevents the prosecution of corrupt officials. Of the state prosecutor's office, Transparency International wrote: "This politically captured justice institution is failing to protect the public interest at a crucial time, reducing the country’s ability to stop corruption."
# Cairo Channel

The Cairo Channel (Arabic: قناة القاهرة), also known as Channel 3 (القناة الثالثة), is one of the six regional channels of the National Media Authority. The channel existed in the 1960s and was resumed in 1985.

## History

The Third Channel was introduced in July 1962 and was, in its first incarnation, a cultural and educational television channel. As of 1967, 40% of its programming consisted of foreign films. The channel broadcast exclusively in Cairo and broadcast on channel 9. The beginning of the Six-Day War caused ERTU to close the channel in 1967 due to financial concerns. Its closure meant that the ERTU had to cut in the acquisition of imports.
On October 6, 1985 (coinciding with the anniversary of an Egyptian victory in the Sinai conflict in 1973), the Cairo Channel resumed broadcasting, this time on channel 7. The channel catered to Cairo, Kalioubia and Giza and was the first regional television channel opened by ERTU. In its first months, its programming was extremely limited, broadcasting on average for two hours a day, from 6pm to 8pm, with occasional extensions past the period, to air theatre plays on Saturdays (ending at 9pm) and Egyptian movies on Thursdays (ending at 10pm).
In 2017, news presenter Azza al-Henawi left the channel. After her suspension, she was caught criticizing Egyptian politicians and sharing content from the Muslim Brotherhood. The case was taken to court starting in 2015.
As of 2015, this and the six other channels of the ERTU Al-Mahrousa group were criticized in the Egyptian press for lacking sophistication, having limited presence on social media and having limitations in the studio. One of its programs, however, Line and Thread, a program dedicated to decoration, had amassed 277,000 Facebook followers and 14,000 YouTube subscribers.
# Exploitation fiction

Exploitation fiction is a type of literature that includes novels and magazines that exploit sex, violence, drugs, or other elements meant to attract readers primarily by arousing prurient interest without being labeled as obscene or pornographic.

## History

Exploitation fiction grew out of pulp fiction of the 1930s and 1940s. It was popular "trash fiction" in the form of mass market paperbacks in the 1950s and 1960s, when genuine, sexually explicit material could be seized as obscene. In the United States, material that went by U.S. mail was subject to federal obscenity laws that greatly curtailed the distribution of materials that were sexually explicit or featured graphic violence. These cheap novels exploited violence, drugs, and sex—especially promiscuity and lesbianism—but rarely delivered the kind of salacious detail their cover art implied and generally tacked on moralistic endings to satisfy critics who accused them of having "no redeeming social value." They were often repackaged under new titles with different cover art, to resell to the unsuspecting public looking for cheap thrills.
As film production codes loosened in the early 1960s, exploitation fiction led to exploitation cinema (parallel to the development of Italian giallo cinema), typified by Russ Meyer films.
# Leslie Gibson (artist)

Leslie Donovan Gibson BA (Hons), ARCA (1910 – 1969) was a British artist in the mid 20th century.

## Early life

Leslie Donovan Gibson was born and educated in Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1926 he was awarded the John Christie Art Scholarship to Armstrong College, Durham University, taking the education drawing certificate in 1928, the Diploma BA in Fine Art, English and French in 1929 and the Painting Certificate in 1930. He was awarded a Royal Exhibition, studying in the School of Painting at the Royal College of Art from 1930 to 1934.

## Career

From 1936 to 1938 he was appointed as the Board of Education Visitor to Art Schools in Germany and Italy. During the 1930s he travelled extensively in Europe, visiting and painting in France, Belgium, Spain, Finland, Norway, Sweden and Greece.
In the 1930s he painted from London Studios at Trafalgar Square, Chelsea and Camden Town. In 1940 he worked from Rydal in Westmorland before returning to Kensington, London in 1945. In 1950 he established the Stapleford Studio, near Salisbury, painting extensively in the West Country until his death in 1969.
Gibson was a versatile artist, working in a variety of media. Chiefly a landscape painter, portraits and still life were among his subjects. The production of drawings, not merely for working purposes but as a visual record of the artist's experience, carefully outlined in pen and ink, the surfaces freely indicated with wash laid on richer layers predominating over pen lines, are sure and sensitive. His etchings, dry points and lithographs show a fine continuity and chiaroscuro.

## Exhibitions

From the 1930s onwards, Gibson exhibited work at the Royal Scottish Academy, the National Gallery of Canada and at many group exhibitions.

### London shows

The London Group, The Mall Galleries, The Royal Academy, Senefelder Club, Victoria and Albert Museum.

### Provincial galleries

Bath Art Gallery, Blandford Society of Arts, Bradford Art Gallery, Cartwright Hall, Bromley Society of Artists, Chelmsford Cathedral, Laing Art Gallery and Museum, Newcastle upon Tyne, Leeds Art Gallery, Manchester Art Gallery, Phoenix Art Gallery, Salisbury Society of Artists, Southampton Art Gallery, West of England Academy Bristol, Wordsworth Museum Rydal.

## Memorial

There is a memorial to him at St Mary, Stapleford.
# Cătălin Căbuz

Cătălin Vasile Căbuz (born 18 June 1996) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga I club Hermannstadt.

## Club career

Born in Avrig, Sibiu County, Căbuz grew up at local academies of FC Sibiu, Șoimii Sibiu or Voința Sibiu, but also played for Gheorghe Hagi Football Academy squads in 2 periods. At senior level Căbuz never played in an official match for Viitorul Constanța, being loaned to different teams such as: Râmnicu Vâlcea, Chindia Târgoviște or Hermannstadt.

## Honours

Hermannstadt
* Cupa României runner-up: 2017–18
Viitorul Constanța
* Supercupa României: 2019
# Juan Palma

Juan Sebastián Palma Micolta (born 18 July 1999) is a Colombian footballer who currently plays as a defender.
On 27 December 2022, Palma signed with Charleston Battery in the USL Championship, the American second division.

## Career
### Charleston Battery

Palma was signed by the Battery on 27 December 2022. Palma's first season in Charleston developed into a highly successful one as the Colombian continued to improve as the year went on. The center-back turned into a regular starter in the Battery's run to the USL Championship Final, forming a formidable partnership with Leland Archer in the center of the defense.
In his first season in the United States, Palma recorded 95 clearances, 14 blocks, 27 interceptions, 87 duels won and one goal across 25 matches in league play (regular season and playoffs). He additionally featured in the Battery's three 2023 U.S. Open Cup matches. Palma was honored with a selection to the Week 20 USLC Team of the Week.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 10 February 2021.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Once Caldas | 2018 | Categoría Primera A | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Once Caldas | 2019 | Categoría Primera A | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Once Caldas | 2020 | Categoría Primera A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Once Caldas | 2021 | Categoría Primera A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |

#### Notes
## Honours

Charleston Battery
* Eastern Conference Champion (Playoffs): 2023
Colombia U-21
* Central American and Caribbean Games: 2018
# WGAW

WGAW (1340 AM) is a radio station licensed to Gardner, Massachusetts. Established in 1946 as WHOB, the station is owned by Steven Wendell and carries a talk radio format.

## History

The station signed on December 23, 1946, as WHOB. It debuted at 1490 kHz on the AM dial, and the call letters referred to one of the station's founders, District Attorney Owen A. Hoban. WHOB was originally owned by David M. Richman, a Connecticut businessman; studios were in the Colonial Hotel in Gardner. The station's format was a variety of local news, music, and sports. One of the early stars on WHOB was a local country (then called "hillbilly") music performer named Doc Snow (real name: Edgar Arsenault). He performed live with his band, the Bar X Cowboys, and later became one of the station's announcers.
The station was sold to Emilien R. Robillard, a pharmacist, in 1954; the call letters were changed to WGAW (Gardner, Athol, Winchendon) on October 14, 1953. Subsequently, in 1957, the station was sold again, to Charles and James Asher, who also owned WJDA in Quincy. In 1959, new owners again took over, with Judge C. Edward Rowe purchasing the station.
By the early 1990s, WGAW was experiencing financial problems due to increased competition from FM stations. The station was being run by Judge Rowe's son Douglas, who also owned WSRO, a station in Marlboro, Massachusetts. To save money, WGAW was no longer doing local broadcasting. Rather, it was simulcasting the programming of WSRO. Subsequent owners of WGAW have included Anastos Media Group of Malta, New York (an ownership group headed by New York City television news anchor Ernie Anastos), and Northeast Broadcasting of Bedford, New Hampshire.

## Translator

| Call sign | Frequency | City of license | FID | ERP (W) | Class | Transmitter coordinates | FCC info |
| W251CQ | 98.1 FM | Gardner, Massachusetts | 201705 | 250 vertical0 horizontial | D | 42°35′28.3″N 71°59′18.2″W﻿ / ﻿42.591194°N 71.988389°W﻿ / 42.591194; -71.988389﻿ (W251CQ) | LMS |
# Peri Neufeld

Franz "Peri" Neufeld (Hebrew: פרי נויפלד; 1 July 1913 – 17 January 1982), also known as Kfir Neufeld (Hebrew: כפורי נויפלד), was an Israeli footballer who played as a forward.
At club level, he played for Tersana in Egypt, and Maccabi Tel Aviv and Hakoah Tel Aviv in Israel. He also represented the Mandatory Palestine national team in 1938.

## International career

Neufeld played for Mandatory Palestine at the 1938 FIFA World Cup qualification games against Greece. He featured in both matches, scoring a goal in the home game on 22 January 1938. The two games were his only international caps.
# Justina Banda

Justina Banda (born 1 February 1992) is a Zambian footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Zambia women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 2014 African Women's Championship. On club level she played for Olympic Centre in Zambia.
# Robin Darwin

Sir Robert Vere Darwin CBE RA RSA (7 May 1910 – 30 January 1974), known as Robin Darwin, was a British artist, President of the Royal Society of Painters in Watercolours, and Rector of the Royal College of Art.

## Life

He was the son of the golf writer Bernard Darwin and his wife the engraver Elinor Monsell. One of his sisters was the potter Ursula Mommens. He was a great-grandson of the naturalist Charles Darwin. In 1931, he married artist Yvonne Darby (1900? – 1985). After their divorce, he later married Ginette Hewitt who had been previously married to Lt-Col Kenneth Morton-Evans by whom she had two children.
Darwin was educated at Eton College and Slade School of Fine Art, after which he taught at Eton for five years before designing camouflage in the Ministry of Home Security during the Second World War. After serving as Professor of Fine Art at the University of Durham for two years, he joined the Royal College of Art in 1948, first as principal, then as Rector and Vice-Provost when the college gained university status in 1967. He left this position in 1971 when he became president of the Royal West of England Academy. Throughout his career he also frequently exhibited as well as selling his artwork.
Darwin was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1954 and was knighted in 1964. He was elected a member of the Royal Academy in 1972.
This charcoal of Robin Darwin was sketched by Canadian artist Arthur Lismer, a member of the Group of Seven. It was given by Darwin to John Bland, former head of McGill's School of Architecture and later Bland gave it to Norman Slater, who studied Architecture at McGill and Industrial Design at the RCA around the same time it was drawn in the early 1950s.
# Valentina Borrelli

Valentina Borrelli (born 30 October 1978 in Milan) is a female volleyball player, who claimed the gold medal with the women's national team at the 2002 World Championship in Germany. She played as a wing-spiker, wearing the number 15 jersey. She made her international debut on 17 May 1996 in a match against the All Stars (2-3). Borrelli was the captain of River Volley Piacenza in 2010.

## Other biographics

* family name = Borrelli * given name = Valentina * nationality = Italy * date of birth = 1978-10-30 (30 October 1978) * birthplace = Milan * occupation = volleyball player (since 1993) * previous team = River Volley Piacenza * height = 190 cm (6 feet and 2.8 inches) * weight = 71 kg (157 pounds) * laterality of sports = left-handed * laterality of writing = left-handed

## Honours

* 2002 World Championship — 1st place
* 2003 FIVB World Grand Prix — 5th place
# Nick Dyer-Witheford

Nick Dyer-Witheford (born 1951) is an American author and associate professor at the University of Western Ontario in the Faculty of Information and Media Studies. His area of study primarily focuses on the rise of technology and the internet, as well as their continuous impact on modern society. He has written six books, along with seventeen other publications.

## Work

Games of Empire: Global Capitalism and Video Games is Dyer-Witheford's third book, published in 2009 and cowritten with Greg de Peuter. In it they talk about how the history of video games has shown how capitalism has shaped the means of how the video game industry works. It serves as an analytical approach to areas such as control, industry and expenditure over the short life of video games. Dyer-Witheford and Peuter use a marxian lens to examine the concept of games as a contributor to a substantial part of financial systems.

### Critical reception

The book received mixed reviews from its readers. Dr.Joseph Rebello, assistant professor of economics at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, said "Reactions, both positive and negative, to this work have been strong. This is not the place to rehash existing debates, but a reader uncomfortable with the very concepts of empire and multitude will probably not be entirely convinced by the book's arguments concerning imperial and multitudinous games. That being said, the book offers plenty of insight to anyone interested in the political economy of video games (or that of popular media). Media lawyer Alex Wade, deemed it "Readable and accessible" and said "its critical approach was a vital counterpoint to the sclerotic ludology/narratology debate that dominated games studies discourse in the early years of the 21st century.

## Accolades

Nick Dyer-Witheford won the Gertrude J. Robinson Book Prize in 2016 by the Canadian Communication Association. He was given the award for his book, Cyber Proletariat: Global Labour in the Digital Vortex. The prize is named after Professor Gertrude J. Robinson for all she had done for the field of communications across the globe.
# Montigny-sur-Avre

Montigny-sur-Avre (French pronunciation:, literally Montigny on Avre) is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France.
# Sáenz Peña Law

The Sáenz-Peña Law (Spanish: Ley Sáenz-Peña) was Law 8871 of Argentina, sanctioned by the National Congress on 10 February 1912, which established the universal, secret and compulsory male suffrage through the creation of an electoral list (Padrón Electoral). It was approved during the presidency of Roque Sáenz-Peña, main supporter of the law, and was published in the official government bulletin on 13 February 1912.
The right to vote for women was not covered by this law until 1947, during the first presidency of Juan Perón. The "universal" scope of the original law included only native and naturalized men but not women and working class men who were non-citizen immigrants, a very significant portion of the population at the time. Indeed, in Buenos Aires in 1914, 49% of the population was foreign born. In the entire country, 30% of all residents were foreign born according to the 1914 national census. The right to vote was not extended to immigrants due to concerns among the governing elite that migrants would back "extremist" parties.

## Origin

Sáenz-Peña made his intentions about the voting system public during his first speech before the National Congress, in 1910. Interior Minister Indalecio Gómez proposed a reform that left the compilation of the electoral list in the hands of the War Ministry (males over 18 were recorded when called for conscription), and the judicial branch was put in charge of dictating who would organize the elections and who would be allowed to vote. That deprived the executive branch of its former ability to write and manipulate the electoral list.

## Consequences

The conservatives, who had stayed in power for decades through dubious and fraudulent elections, could not consolidate a political party without popular support. Hipólito Yrigoyen, the candidate of the Radical Civic Union (Unión Cívica Radical, UCR), won the first presidential elections after the new law by a considerable distance, and the UCR became the most powerful political force.
As a consequence of the law, all political parties had to reorganize themselves, revising their regulations, creating electoral platforms, opening local seats and periodically gathering in assemblies.
# Arsenii Dzhioev

Arsenii Dzhioev (Russian: Арсений Батирович Джиоев; born 9 July 2002) is a Russian-Azerbaijani freestyle wrestler who currently competes at 86 kilograms

## Career

Dzhioev won one of the bronze medals in the men's 86 kg event at the 2024 European Wrestling Championships held in Bucharest, Romania. He defeated Arslan Bagaev of Individual Neutral Athletes in his bronze medal match.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Location | Result | Event |
| 2024 | European Championships | Bucharest, Romania | 3rd | Freestyle 86 kg |
# Chousein Zeimpek

Chousein Chasan Zeimpek (Greek: Χουσεΐν Χασάν Ζεϊμπέκ, romanized: Chouseïn Chasán Zeïmpék, Turkish: Hüseyin Zeybek; born on March 11, 1968, in Xanthi) is a Greek politician from the Muslim minority of Western Thrace in northeastern Greece.
He has been elected to the Greek Parliament for Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA) in May 2012, and was re-elected in June 2012, January and September 2015. He was nominated by SYRIZA in the 2009 parliamentary elections in the Xanthi Prefecture, and was a candidate for the post of deputy regional governor in the local government elections of 2010. He is vice-president of the association of Pharmacists of Xanthi, and has served as president of the school board of the 1st Minority Primary School in Xanthi.
Ηe is a graduate of the School of Pharmacy of the Gazi University in Ankara, and since 2003 he works as a pharmacist in Xanthi.
# Karen Bethzabe

Karen Bethzabe is a Mexican actress, best known for her role on Fear the Walking Dead.

## Career

Bethzabe most notable role was on the AMC television show Fear the Walking Dead, as Elena Reyes a zombie apocalypse survivor who had to make a terrible decision.
Television audiences first got to know Karen after landing the role of Paulette Vazquez in the CBS show CSI, and as Eufemia Garcia in the Freeform series Switched at Birth. She has also emerged in numerous indie films, including producing and starring in the film Death and Cremation alongside Oscar nominee Brad Dourif and in Erahm Christopher's debut feature film LISTEN.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2008 | Reward | Rosa | Short film |
| 2009 | Murderabilia | Louisa | Short film |
| 2010 | Death and Cremation | Maria | |
| 2014 | Sleeping with the Dead | Karen Fuentes | Short film |
| 2016 | Listen | Rosa Ramirez | |
| 2022 | Babylon | Silvia Torres | |

### Television

| Year | TV Show | Role | Notes |
| 2007 | Secretos | Camila Rodriguez | Episode: Abandonada |
| 2011 | CSI: Crime Scene Investigation | Paulette Vasquez | Episode: Maid Man |
| 2014 | Dead Men the Series | Lady Walters | Episode: Lady Waters |
| 2015 | Switched at Birth | Eufemia Garcia | Episode: Instead of Damning the Darkness, It's Better to Light a Little Lantern |
| 2016–2017 | Fear the Walking Dead | Elena Reyes | 7 episodes |
| 2023 | Casa Grande | Natalia Cortez | 5 episodes |