# List of largest peaceful gatherings

This is a list of the largest historic peaceful gatherings of people in the world at one place for a single event.

## Over hundred million

| Event | Continuous Multi-Day Participation | Single Day | Single Day | Type | Location | Country | Ref. |
| Event | Continuous Multi-Day Participation | Date | Single Day Participants | Type | Location | Country | Ref. |
| 2025 Prayag Maha Kumbh Mela | 670 million | 29 January 2025 | 76 million | Pilgrimage | Prayagraj | India | |
| 2019 Prayag Ardh Kumbh Mela | 240 million | 4 February 2019 | 50 million | Pilgrimage | Prayagraj | India | |
| 2013 Prayag Kumbh Mela | 120 million | 10 February 2013 | 30 million | Pilgrimage | Prayagraj | India | |

## Over ten million

| Event | Continuous Multi-Day Participation | Single Day | Single Day | Type | Location | Country | Ref. |
| Event | Continuous Multi-Day Participation | Date | Single Day Participants | Type | Location | Country | Ref. |
| 2010 Haridwar Kumbh Mela | 70 million | 14 April 2010 | 10 million | Pilgrimage | Haridwar | India | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 30 million | 2017 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 27 million | 2015 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 22 million | 2023 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 21.2 million | 2022 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 21 million | 17 Sep 2022 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 20 million | 2014 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| 2001 Prayag Kumbh Mela | 20 million | 30 January 2001 | | Pilgrimage | Prayagraj | India | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 16.3 million | September 2021 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 15.3 million | October 2018 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 15.2 million | October 2019 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 15–18 million | January 2013 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 15 million | January 2012 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 15 million | January 2011 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Funeral of C. N. Annadurai | 15 million | 4 February 1969 | 15 million | Funeral | Marina Beach, Chennai | India | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 14.6 million | October 2020 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 14 million | 2017 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Martyrdom processions of Musa al-Kazim | 12 million | 2016 | | Muslim Martyrdom processions | Kadhimiya, Baghdad | Iraq | |
| Martyrdom processions of Musa al-Kazim | 12 million | 2015 | | Martyrdom processions | Kadhimiya, Baghdad | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 11.2 million | November 2016 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Funeral of Ruhollah Khomeini | 10.2 million | 6 June 1989 | | Funeral | Tehran | Iran | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 10–14 million | 2009 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Arba'een Pilgrimage | 10 million | January 2010 | | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Vindhyachal Temple fair | 10 million | February 2025 | | Hindu pilgrimage | Vindhyachal | India | |
* Approximately 50 and 30 million people attended the Prayagraj Ardh Kumbh Mela in 2019 and Maha Maha Kumbh Mela in 2013, respectively to bathe in the Ganges, making them the largest peaceful gathering events in the world.
* People taking part in the Arba'een Pilgrimage
* Attendees at the funeral of Ruhollah Khomeini

## Five to ten million

| Event | Date | Participants | Type | Location | Country | Notes |
| Feast of the Black Nazarene | 9 January 2025 | Over 8.1 million | Religious holiday | Manila | Philippines | |
| Celebration of General Douglas MacArthur after he was relieved of duty by President Harry S. Truman | 20 April 1951 | 7.5 million | Celebration | New York City | USA | |
| Martyrdom anniversary of Imam Hussein | October 2015 | 7-9 million | Martyrdom anniversary | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Mass on the Feast of Santo Niño at the apostolic and state visit of Pope Francis in the Philippines | 18 January 2015 | 6-7 million | Religious gathering | Rizal Park, Manila | Philippines | Largest papal crowd in history |
| Feast of the Black Nazarene | 9 January 2024 | Over 6 million | Religious holiday | Manila | Philippines | |
| Mid-Sha'ban celebration | 6 July 2012 | Over 6 million | Religious holiday | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Feast of the Black Nazarene | 9 January 2015 | Over 5.5 million | Religious holiday | Manila | Philippines | Ahead of Pope Francis' visit |
| Mid-Sha'ban pilgrimage to the Shrine of Imam Hussein | 20 July 2011 | Over 5 million | Pilgrimage | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Appearance of Pope John Paul II at World Youth Day 1995 | January 1995 | Over 5 million | Religious gathering | Manila | Philippines | Largest papal crowd in history until visit of Pope Francis to Manila on 18 January 2015 |
| Parade celebrating Argentina national football team's victory at the 2022 FIFA World Cup | December 2022 | Over 5 million | Sports rally | Buenos Aires | Argentina | |
* Mass on the Feast of Santo Niño at the apostolic and state visit of Pope Francis in the Philippines with over six million people gathered in Rizal Park, Manila on 18 January 2015.
* Over six million of Devotees at the Traslación of the Black Nazarene on 9 January 2024.

## Two to five million

| Event | Date | Participants | Type | Location | Country | Notes |
| Democracy and Martyrs' Rally | 7 August 2016 | 5 million | Political rally | Istanbul | Turkey | 5 million according to Istanbul Police Department |
| Chicago Cubs 2016 World Series parade | 4 November 2016 | 5 million | Sports rally | Chicago | USA | The Cubs' victory marked their first World Series win since 1908. 5 million people attended according to the Chicago Office of Emergency Management and Communications. However, experts said that there was "reason to be skeptical" about that number, while Geoffrey Baer said that the OEMC did not respond to multiple calls made by WTTW to consult about the method used to come up with the crowd figure. |
| Death anniversary of Imam Kazim | 30 June 2011 | 5 million | Pilgrimage | Al-Kadhimiya Mosque, Kadhimiyah | Iraq | |
| Funeral of Gamal Abdel Nasser | 1 October 1970 | 5 million | Funeral | Cairo | Egypt | |
| Bishwa Ijtema | 2010 | 5 million | Religious holiday | Dhaka | Bangladesh | |
| Makara Jyothi | 14 January 2007 | 5 million | Religious holiday | Sabarimala Temple, Sabarimala | India | |
| Rod Stewart concert | 31 December 1994 | 4.2 million | Music performance | Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | |
| Ashura | 2010 | Over 4 million | Religious holiday | Karbala | Iraq | |
| Funeral of Umm Kulthum | 6 February 1975 | 4 million | Funeral | Cairo | Egypt | |
| WorldPride | 30 June 2019 | 4 million | Celebration | New York City | USA | |
| Pledge of allegiance to Imam Ali | 16 November 2011 | Over 3 million | Political rally | Najaf | Iraq | |
| CGIL labour reform protest | 23 March 2002 | Over 3 million | Political rally | Circus Maximus, Rome | Italy | Against Silvio Berlusconi's conservative government's labour reform |
| Nabakalebara Ratha Yatra | 2015 | Over 3 million | Religious holiday | Puri | India | |
| Jean-Michel Jarre concert | 1997 | 3.5 million | Music performance | Moscow | Russia | Celebration of the 850th birthday of Moscow |
| Santo Niño de Cebú | 19 January 2014 | 3.2 million | Religious gathering | Cebu City | Philippines | |
| Hajj to Mecca | 2012 | 3.16 million | Pilgrimage | Mecca | Saudi Arabia | |
| Funeral of Ayrton Senna | 5 May 1994 | 3 million | Funeral | São Paulo | Brazil | 100 million more television viewers |
| Death anniversary of Muhammad and Imam Hassan | 3 February 2011 | 3 million | Religious gathering | Najaf | Iraq | |
| Ramadan iftar | 13 July 2013 | 3 million | Religious gathering | Imam Reza shrine, Mashhad | Iran | Largest-ever iftar |
| Anti-war rally against the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq | 15 February 2003 | 3 million | Political rally | Rome | Italy | |
| Benazir Bhutto's return from exile | 1986 | 3 million | Celebration | Lahore | Pakistan | The procession covered the 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) distance from the Lahore Airport to Minar-e-Pakistan in over ten hours. |
| Closing Mass of World Youth Day 2013 | | 3 million | Religious gathering | Copacabana Beach, Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | |
| Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II | 2 June 1953 | 3 million | Celebration | London | UK | |
| Boston Red Sox's 2004 World Series win | 30 October 2004 | 3 million | Sports rally | Boston | USA | The victory ended an 86-year drought of World Series championships and ended the era of the famous Curse of the Bambino. |
| Closing Mass of World Youth Day 2016 | 2016 | Up to 3 million | Religious gathering | Kraków | Poland | |
| New Year's Eve Party | 31 December | Over 2 million | Celebration | Copacabana Beach, Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | World's largest New Year's Eve party |
| Hajj to Mecca | 2016 | Over 2 million | Pilgrimage | Mount Arafat, Mecca | Saudi Arabia | |
| 2019–20 Hong Kong protests | 18 August 2019 | Over 2 million | Political rally | Hong Kong Island | China | Following the indefinite suspension of the controversial extradition bill, protestors asked the Hong Kong government to respond to their five demands, and protested against the abusive violence of the city's police force and its collusion with the mobs. The organiser claimed a total number of attendees of over 1.7 million (only counting people in Causeway Bay and Tin Hau areas) while a lot of people gathered around Wan Chai, Central and Sheung Wan. An estimated number of over 2 million people took part in the march. |
| Hajj to Mecca | November 2010 | 2.8 million | Pilgrimage | Mecca | Saudi Arabia | Number excludes unregistered pilgrims, which were over 0.75 million. |
| Feast of the Black Nazarene | January 2008 | 2.6 million | Religious holiday | Manila | Philippines | |
| Funeral of Puneeth Rajkumar | 29 October 2021 | 2.5 million | Funeral | Bangalore | India | |
| Funeral of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani | 10 January 2017 | 2.5 - 4.5 million | Funeral | Tehran | Iran | |
| Art of Living Silver Jubilee Celebration | 2016 | 2.5 million | Celebration | Bangalore | India | |
| Beatification of Pope John Paul II | 2 April 2005 | 2.5 million | Religious gathering | Błonia Park, Kraków | Poland | |
| São Paulo Gay Pride Parade | June 2006 | 2.5 million | Celebration | São Paulo | Brazil | |
| Funeral of Mahatma Gandhi | 31 January 1948 | 2.5 million | Funeral | New Delhi | India | |
| Funeral of Pope John Paul II | 8 April 2005 | 2 - 4 million | Funeral | Vatican | Vatican | |
| Chicago Blackhawks 2013 Stanley Cup parade | 2013 | 2 million | Sports rally | Chicago | USA | |
| Philadelphia Flyers 1974 Stanley Cup parade | 1974 | 2 million | Sports rally | Philadelphia | USA | |
| Philadelphia Phillies 2008 World Series parade | 31 October 2008 | 2 million | Sports rally | Broad Street, Philadelphia | USA | |
| Funeral of Ziaur Rahman | 2 June 1981 | 2 million | Funeral | | Bangladesh | |
| Spain national football team 2010 FIFA World Cup parade | 2010 | 2 million | Sports rally | Madrid | Spain | |
| Attukal Pongala | 4 March 2007 | 2 million | Religious holiday | Attukal Temple, Attukal | India | Largest gathering of women in history, overtaking the record set by the same festival on 23 February 1997 |
| Baltic Way demonstration | 23 August 1989 | 2 million | Political rally | Between Vilnius, Riga and Tallinn | Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia | The demonstrators formed an uninterrupted 675 kilometres (419 mi) human chain. |
| Bicentennial of the May Revolution | 25 May 2010 | 2 million | Celebration | 9 de Julio avenue, Buenos Aires | Argentina | |
| Funeral of Bal Thackeray | 18 November 2012 | 2 million | Funeral | Mumbai | India | 7 kilometres (4.3 mi)-long cortège |
| Bishwa Ijtema | 2001 | 2 million | Religious holiday | Dhaka | Bangladesh | |
| People Power Revolution | February 1986 | 2 million | Political rally | Manila | Philippines | Resulted in the downfall of President Ferdinand Marcos |
| Funeral of Benigno Aquino Jr. | 31 August 1983 | 2 million | Funeral | | Philippines | |
| Funeral of Corazon Aquino | 5 August 2009 | 2 million | Funeral | | Philippines | |
| World Youth Day | August 2000 | 2 million | Religious gathering | Rome | Italy | |
| Ashura | 24 December 2013 | 2 million | Religious gathering | Raja Bazaar, Rawalpindi | Pakistan | Gathering prior to the Ashura riots; commemoration of Chehlum of Imam Hussain. Despite threats from Takfiri groups against the assembled Shia Muslims, the Takfiris eventually were forced to retreat. |
| Iglesia ni Cristo's 100th anniversary | 27 July 2014 | 2 million | Celebration | Ciudad de Victoria | Philippines | |
| Wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Spencer | 29 July 1981 | 2 million | Wedding | London | UK | |
| Ashura | 9 August 2013 | 2 million | Religious holiday | Hussani Chuk Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan | Pakistan | Commemoration of Majlis of Imam Hussain |
| 2019–20 Hong Kong protests | 16 June 2019 | 2 million | Political rally | Hong Kong Island | China | Around 30% of the population protested Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam delaying a controversial extradition bill, calling on her to completely withdraw the legislation and resign. The crowd also protested against the violence of the city's police force towards the protestors on 12 June 2019. |
| Toronto Raptors 2019 NBA Championship parade | 17 June 2019 | 2 million | Sports rally | Toronto | Canada | |
| December 2016 Jakarta protests | December 2016 | 2 million | Political rally | Monas, Jakarta | Indonesia | The protests demanded the termination of the gubernatorial office held by Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, who had been accused as a suspect in the blasphemy case. |
* Toronto's Nathan Phillips Square on 17 June 2019, with crowds surrounding the 3D Toronto sign
* The Chicago Cubs' 2016 World Series victory parade and rally attracted over five million people.
* Four million pilgrims visited Imam Ali Shrine in Iraq on the anniversary martyrdom of the first Shia Imam on 28 June 2016.
* More than two million Muslims gather for the important ritual as part of Hajj 2016.
* Over two million people attended the parade and rally celebrating the Chicago Blackhawks winning the 2013 Stanley Cup finals.

## One to two million

| Event | Date | Participants | Type | Location | Country | Notes |
| Surajkunds Annual International Crafts Mela | 1–16 February 2020 | 1.3 million | Craft Festival | Faridabad | India | Annual international crafts festival held in National Capital Region (India). |
| Vindhyachal Temple fair | 13 days in 2024 | 1.5 million | Hindu pilgrimage | Vindhyachal | India | Annual religious pilgrimage in Uttar Pradesh. |
| Funeral of Ulysses S. Grant | 08 August 1885 | 1.5 million | Funeral | New York City | USA | Grant's pallbearers were Generals William Tecumseh Sherman and Philip Sheridan, who had fought for the Union, and Simon Bolivar Buckner and Joseph E. Johnston, who had fought for the Confederacy. Union and Confederate officers in the procession rode together in the same carriages. |
| First inauguration of Barack Obama | 20 January 2009 | 1.8 million | Political rally | Washington, DC | USA | |
| Rally for Catalan independence | 11 September 2014 | 1.8 million | Political rally | Barcelona | Spain | Protestors drew an 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) V-shaped Catalan flag with their red and yellow T-shirts. |
| Madonna's Celebration Tour concert in Rio de Janeiro | 4 May 2024 | 1.6 million | Concert | Copacabana beach, Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | As closure for her Celebration tour, Madonna organised a free concert in Rio's Copacabana beach, gathering a crowd of 1.6 million. |
| Support for the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 | 1989 | 1.5 - 2 million | Political rally | Hong Kong | China | The line of people extended from North Point to Sheung Wan, with all six lanes of King's Road (Hong Kong), Hennessy Road and Des Voeux Road crowded with people. Many underground MTR stations on Hong Kong Island were full of people, and many people who could not participate in the demonstration above ground were stuck in the congested MTR stations. Therefore the exact amount of demonstrators could only be estimated. |
| IAF Air Show | 6 October 2024 | 1.5 million | Air show | Chennai | India | 92nd Indian Air Force Day |
| Diretas Já Movement | 1984 | 1.5 million | Political rally | São Paulo | Brazil | Largest political protest in Brazil's history |
| San Francisco Pride | 2013 | 1.5 million | Celebration | San Francisco | USA | This occurred in the wake of the Supreme Court decisions on DOMA and Proposition 8. |
| Live 8 concert | 2 July 2005 | 1.5 million | Music performance | Philadelphia | USA | |
| Funeral of Jawaharlal Nehru | 1964 | 1.5 million | Funeral | New Delhi | India | |
| 2012 Catalan independence demonstration | 11 September 2012 | 1.5 million | Political rally | Barcelona | Spain | |
| World Youth Day 2023 | 1–6 August 2023 | 1.5 million | Religious gathering | Lisbon | Portugal | |
| Funeral of the Duke of Wellington | 18 November 1852 | 1.5 million | Funeral | London | UK | The crowd had travelled from all over the United Kingdom by train and represented more than five percent of the total population |
| World Youth Day 2011 | 16–21 August 2011 | 1.4 million | Religious gathering | Madrid | Spain | |
| Cleveland Cavaliers 2016 NBA Championship parade | 22 June 2016 | 1.3 million | Sports rally | Cleveland | USA | The victory ended a 52-year Cleveland sports curse. |
| Pope John Paul II's papal mass in Ireland | 29 September 1979 | 1.25 million | Religious gathering | Phoenix Park, Dublin | Ireland | The estimated attendance was about one third of the population of Ireland. |
| Mother of All Marches | 19 April 2017 | Over 1.2 million | Political rally | Across the country | Venezuela | The demonstrations resulted from the 2017 Venezuelan constitutional crisis. |
| Anti-terrorism rally in the aftermath of the Charlie Hebdo shooting | 11 January 2015 | 1.2 - 1.6 million | Political rally | Paris | France | An additional 2.1 - 2.5 million people marched across the world in solidarity. This gathering was the largest in French history. |
| Cedar Revolution | 14 March 2005 | 1.2 million | Political rally | Beirut | Lebanon | |
| La marcha más grande de Chile | 25 October 2019 | 1.2 million | Political rally | Santiago | Chile | Part of a series of protests demanding a new constitution, reforms in Chile's education, healthcare and pension systems, among many other reforms |
| Sun Myung Moon's Yeouido rally | 1975 | 1.2 million | Religious gathering/political rally | Yoido | South Korea | |
| Billy Graham Crusade | 1973 | Over 1.1 million | Religious gathering | Yoido Plaza, Seoul | South Korea | |
| Ashadhi Ekadashi | Ongoing | 1.1 - 1.5 million | Pilgrimage | Vithoba Temple, Pandharpur | India | |
| Praja Rajyam Party launch meeting | 26 August 2008 | 1.1- 1.5 million | Political meeting | Guntur | India | Largest political meeting in Indian history |
| Funeral of Enrico Berlinguer | 13 June 1984 | Over 1 million | Funeral | Rome | Italy | |
| Love Parade | 25 August 2007 | Over 1 million | Celebration | Essen | Germany | |
| Anti-FARC protest | 4 February 2008 | Over 1 million | Political rally | Bogotá | Colombia | |
| Kashmir self determination memorandum | 1 March 1990 | Over 1 million | Political rally | UN Military Observer Group Headquarters, Srinagar | India | |
| Anniversary of Muhammad's death | 10 December 2015 | Over 1 million | Religious gathering | Imam Reza shrine, Mashhad | Iran | |
| Samarra Pilgrimage | 15 November 2016 | Over 1 million | Pilgrimage | Al-Askari Shrine, Samarra | Iraq | |
| Toma de Caracas | 1 September 2016 | Over 1 million | Political rally | Caracas | Venezuela | Protestors demanded a recall election against President Nicolás Maduro. The gathering was called the "largest demonstration in the history of Venezuela" with over 3% of the nation's entire population. |
| Denver Broncos Super Bowl 50 parade | 2015 | Over 1 million | Sports rally | Denver | USA | |
| 2019–20 Hong Kong protests | 9 June 2019 | 1.03 million | Political rally | Hong Kong | China | Protest against the 2019 Hong Kong extradition bill |
| Funeral of Qasem Soleimani | 6 January 2020 | Over 1 million | Funeral | Tehran | Iran | |
| Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales | 6 September 1997 | 1 million | Funeral | London | UK | |
| Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton | 29 April 2011 | 1 million | Wedding | London | UK | |
| Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II | 4 June 2002 | 1 million | Celebration | The Mall, London | UK | |
| Procession in commemoration of Hans Ji Maharaj | 8 October 1970 | 1 million | Commemoration | New Delhi | India | |
| Beatification of Pope John Paul II | 1 May 2011 | 1 million | Religious gathering | Saint Peter's Square | Vatican City | |
| 2017 pro-jallikattu protests | 21 January 2017 | 1 million | | Marina Beach, Chennai | India | |
| Anti-nuclear protests in the United States | 12 June 1982 | 1 million | Political rally | Central Park, New York City | USA | Call for an end to the Cold War arms race. It was the largest anti-nuclear protest and the largest political demonstration in American history. |
| Pro-People's Vote on Brexit march | 23 March 2019 | 1 million | Political rally | London (end point: Parliament Square) | UK | |
| Earth Day | 22 April 1990 | 750,000 to 1.5 million | Celebration | Central Park, New York City | USA | |
* Over two million people gathered in Monas, Jakarta in December 2016.
* Over one million Shia Muslims on the anniversary of Muhammad's death at Imam Reza shrine in Iran on 10 December 2015
* Over one million pilgrims visited the Al-Askari Shrine on 15 November 2016.

## Methodology

A method of determining how many people are at an event is the scientific analysis of photographs, video images, or both. Based on the quality of the image, it is possible to do a physical head count or to estimate attendance based on the density of people within similar areas. This permits the estimation of people over large areas or where parts of the image are obscured. An extensive discussion of how images were used to estimate the number of attendees at the Million Man March can be found at the Center for Remote Sensing at Boston University's website.