OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sahryń massacre

The Sahryń massacre was a massacre of Ukrainian combatants and civilians by members of the Polish Home Army on 10 March 1944, committed as a reprisal to similar, though en masse, attacks carried out on Polish villagers by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. The exact total death toll of Ukrainians killed in Sahryń is unknown, but estimates vary from 234 to over 600, of which between 150 and 300 were confirmed civilians. The surnames of 234 victims are known.

## History

In the spring of 1944, Sahryń was one of the Ukrainian villages, which was burned down by Polish partisans during the conflict of ethnic cleansing with Ukrainian OUN-UPA, along the Curzon Line. The conflict "continued throughout June 1944, resulting in considerable bloodshed and the destruction of dozens of Polish and Ukrainian villages". Sahryń was the site of the initial thrust of the AK counter-offensive against UPA, under the command of Lieutenant Zenon Jachymek, due to Ukrainian self-defence stationing there.
At dawn on 10 March 1944 the AK unit from Division Hrubieszow attacked the fortified village. A heavy fighting broke out. The Ukrainians retreated, but both Catholic and Orthodox churches in Sahryń were burned down. Between 150 and 300 civilians were killed by Polish forces in reprisal and 260 farmhouses were set on fire.

## Aftermath

Historian Mariusz Zajączkowski said that the massacre could be described as a war crime or perhaps a crime against humanity. The Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) investigation on this matter was discontinued in 2010, and the IPN denied that any crime had been committed against the Ukrainian civilians in Sahryń. A Ukrainian request to reopen the investigation was refused.
The monument in memory of the Ukrainian victims of AK in Sahryń was erected in 2009, with the hope that both Ukrainian and Polish presidents would attend the ceremonies, but there were spelling errors discovered in the names, and as of 2011, it still awaited its official unveiling. The monument was built by the Ukrainian side, with Polish participation.
# Olivierus martensii

Olivierus martensii is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae. Its common names include Chinese scorpion, Manchurian scorpion, Chinese armor-tail scorpion and Chinese golden scorpion. Despite its common name, this scorpion is not only found in Manchuria or China, but also in Mongolia and Korea. The record from Japan is doubtful. Its preferred habitat is warm, dry areas with little vegetation. O. martensii can grow to about 6 centimetres (2.4 in) long, with females usually slightly larger, and has a life-span of about 4 to 6 years.

## Taxonomic history

This species of scorpion was first described as Buthus martensii by German arachnologist Ferdinand Karsch in 1879. Independently, Simon in 1880 described specimens he found in the gardens of the Summer Palace at Beijing as Buthus confucius, which Karsch synonymized as Buthus martensii in 1881. Subsequently, in 1950, it was transferred to Mesobuthus, a new genus established by French arachnologist Max Vachon. In 2019 the genus Olivierus was restored from synonymy of Mesobuthus and the species was transferred to Olivierus.

## Venom

The venom of O. martensii is composed of many different toxins. Over the past few decades, dozens of novel proteins in this scorpion's venom have been identified, cloned and investigated for clinical applications. For instance, at least 51 long-chain peptides related to the sodium channel toxins (e.g. Makatoxin-3) and 18 peptides related to the potassium channel toxins have been described, along with two peptides, BmK AS and AS1, that act on ryanodine receptors. Apart from having analgesic properties, BmK AS is also the first long-chain scorpion peptide reported to have antimicrobial activity. Amongst the sodium channel-specific neurotoxins, there are a number of muscle relaxants, such as makatoxin I and bukatoxin, while BmKAEP and BmK IT2 have shown anticonvulsant activity in experimental conditions, inhibiting epileptic seizures induced in rats. BmK AGAP has both analgesic and antitumor properties and recombinant proteins could potentially be used in anticancer treatments.
It occasionally appears in packaging from China, with the British National Centre for Reptile Welfare noting that its sting is "medically significant... potentially life threatening but an average adult would just have a really bad day". (Two such stowaways were reported in October 2024).
O. martensii, especially its tail, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for many centuries to treat various neuronal problems, such as chronic pain, paralysis, apoplexy and epilepsy.
# Herbert Runge

Herbert Runge (23 January 1913 – 11 March 1986) was a German heavyweight boxer. He won the gold medal at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin.
He was born in Elberfeld, which later became part of Wuppertal, where he died as well.

## Amateur career

Runge's biggest success was his gold medal at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. He also won three medals at the European Amateur Boxing Championships (silver in 1934 and 1937 and bronze in 1939). In addition to that, he is an eight-time German amateur champion (1935–1939, 1941–1943), as well as two-time runner-up to Hein ten Hoff in 1940 and 1944.

### 1936 Summer Olympics

* 1st round: bye
* 2nd round: Rudolf Kus (Czechoslovakia), knock-out in Round 1
* Quarter-final: Anthony Stuart (Great Britain), won on points
* Semi-final: Ferenc Nagy (Hungary), walkover, due to injury
* Gold medal bout: Guillermo Lovell (Argentina), won on points

## Professional career

Runge had an unsuccessful professional career that spanned from 1946 to 1949. Of 25 bouts, he won 5 (1 KO), drew 6 and lost 13 with one ending in a no contest (or 14 losses and no NC, sources are unclear).

## Commemoration

Still standing today is Runge's Olympic oak tree, that was given to every German 1936 Olympic champion to plant themselves as part of Nazi propaganda and Olympic legacy. It stands just outside the away section of Wuppertal's Stadion am Zoo football stadium, home to former Bundesliga club Wuppertaler SV.
A commemorative plaque with the inscription,
"Olympia-Eiche [Olympia-oak] Herbert Runge *23.01.1913 + 11.03.1986 Wuppertal Olympiasieger Berlin 1936 [Olympic champion Berlin 1936] Boxen Schwergewicht [Boxing Heavyweight]",
has been attached to the stadium fence in front of the tree in 1999.
# Noseclip

A noseclip or nose clip is a device designed to hold the nostrils closed to prevent water from entering, or air from escaping, by people during aquatic activities such as kayaking, freediving, swimming, synchronized swimming and waterdance.
A nose clip is generally made of plastic or of wire covered in rubber or plastic. Nose clips may also have a long band to keep the clip around the neck while it is not being used or a cord to attach the nose clip to goggles or kayaking helmet.
# Maximus II of Constantinople

Maximus II of Constantinople (Greek: Μάξιμος; died December 1216) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 3 June to December 1216. He had been abbot of the monastery of the Akoimetoi and was the confessor of the Nicaean emperor Theodore I Laskaris before he became patriarch. George Akropolites and Nikephoros Kallistos Xanthopoulos are highly critical of Maximus II, suggesting that he was "uneducated" and that the only reason he was made patriarch was his intrigue into the palace's women's quarters. Akropolites writes that he "paid court to the women's quarters and was in turn courted by it; for it was nothing else which raised him to such eminence." Maximus II was Patriarch-in-exile as at the time his titular seat was occupied by the Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople, and he lived in Nicaea. He died in office after only six months on the patriarchal throne.
# The Visitation (film)

The Visitation is a 2006 American supernatural thriller/horror film directed by Robby Henson and starring Kelly Lynch, Edward Furlong, Priscilla Barnes and Martin Donovan. It was based on the 1999 novel The Visitation by Frank Peretti.

## Plot

Former minister Travis Jordan lives in Antioch, Washington, three years after losing his faith in God when his beloved wife was murdered and the criminals never found.
Suddenly, miracles happen in the little town: the new veterinarian's son survives an accident whilst in a van without one single scratch, Travis's dog Max revives after being buried, a paraplegic walks, and a scarred teenager and her police officer father (who has a brain tumor) heal.
In all these events, witnesses see either a group of three men wearing black nearby or their tall, (possibly) blond leader, who seems to want everyone to know that “he is coming”. Soon after, a scruffy, gentle-mannered newcomer named Brandon Nichols arrives. He implies through his healing work and preaching that he is Jesus Christ or the better version of the messiah.
The local population soon worships Brandon, while Travis and Morgan feel that something is wrong and conduct an investigation, disclosing that evil has possessed the town dwellers.

## Cast

* Martin Donovan as Travis Jordan
* Edward Furlong as Brandon Nichols
* Kelly Lynch as Morgan Elliot
* Randy Travis as Kyle Sherman
* Richard Tyson as Sheriff Brett Henchle
* Ellen Geer as Mrs. Macon
* Joe Unger as Matt Kiley
* Priscilla Barnes as Dee Henchle
* Noah Segan as Michael Elliot
* Lew Temple as Deputy Tommy Smalls
* Hillary Tuck as Darlene Henchle
* Lin Ciangio as Nancy Barrons
* Frank Clem as Nevin Sorrell
* Don Swayze as Abe
* Ruben Moreno as Arnold Kowalski
* Clement Blake as Norman Dillard
* Joe Goodman as Doctor
* David A. R. White as Carl
* Debi Kalman as Delores (the waitress)
* Brian Foster Kane as Tall Man One
* Ron Hughart as Tall Man Two
* Jerry Rose as Lutheran Pastor
* Wendell Wright as Baptist Preacher
* Jesse Corti as Catholic Priest
* Jhey Castles as Marian Jordan
* Dwight Cenac II as Punk Kid
* Joshua Popke as Young Justin
* Jill Ludlow as Social Worker
* Lee Chapa as Follower
* Torey Foster as Punk Kid
* Chantay Nieber as Voice
* Robert Lyon Rasner as Voice
* Mark Rickard as Voice
* Lisa Cash as Voice (uncredited)
* James Horan as Tall Man
# Skyspace Lech

The Skyspace Lech is a walk-in art installation by James Turrell in Tannegg/Oberlech in Vorarlberg (Austria).
In 2014, James Turrell conceptualised the Skyspace Lech design specifically for this location to make the skyspace integrate itself in the landscape seamlessly. It opened to public in September 2018.

## Location

The Skyspace Lech is located in Tannegg in Vorarlberg, the westernmost federal state of Austria, at an altitude of 1.780 m. It is in walking distance from Oberlech at the "Alpe Tannegg", above the mountain station of the gondola Schloßkopfbahn.

## The skyspace

The American light artist James Turrell is the original designer of the so-called "skyspace". A skyspace is an enclosed space which is open to the sky through a large hole in the ceiling or dome. It usually is large enough for about 15 people.
The Skyspace Lech is largely underground. A 15 m long tunnel gives access to the oval main room "Sensing Room", which measures 6 m by 9 m. It is 5.20 m high and equipped with a bench and offers space for around 30 visitors. The oval opening in the ceiling has a dynamic dome that can be moved and provides different perceptual effects depending on the weather and the incidence of light (e.g., colour-changing light at the walls). Three light installations also create variable color moods.
The bookable program starts 50 minutes before sunrise or at sunset. The light performances last for about 45 minutes during which visitors are able to spot the Biberkopf summit and the village Bürstegg on one side and on the other the Omeshorn.
The project was designed and built in cooperation with Vorarlberg companies (lighting technology: Zumtobel, architecture: Baumschlager Eberle). The Skyspace Lech cost around 1.5 million euros.
# Vernon Fitzhugh House

The Vernon Fitzhugh House is a historic house at 1551 East Hope Street in Fayetteville, Arkansas. It is a T-shaped, two-story building, built of brown brick with extensive use of single-pane glass windows and French doors. The house was built in 1962 to a design by Arkansas architect Warren Segraves, and is a good example of Mid-Century Modern residential architecture, with its deep overhanging eaves, and unusual placement and size of its windows. It was built for Vernon Fitzhugh, owner of a local business services company.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.
# Riikka Lehtonen

Riikka Lehtonen (born 24 July 1979 in Kangasala, Finland) is a Finnish volleyball and beach volley player. She is the most successful female volleyball player in Finland. Lehtonen has played for several professional clubs in Finland, France, Italy, Japan, Turkey, Greece and Azerbaijan.
Since 2014 Lehtonen has competed in the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour with Taru Lahti.

## Club honours

* Finnish Championship: 1997, 1999, 2019
* Finnish Cup: 1996, 1997, 2013
* French Championship: 2002, 2003, 2004
* French Cup: 2003, 2004
* Italian Championship: 2006
* Italian Cup: 2006
* CEV Women's Champions League: 2002, 2003
* CEV Women's Challenge Cup: 2008
# Patterson, Idaho

Patterson is an unincorporated community in Lemhi County, Idaho, United States. Patterson is 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Leadore.
# Bradford Lyttle

Bradford Lyttle (born November 20, 1927) is an American pacifist and peace activist. He was an organizer with the Committee for Non-Violent Action of several major campaigns against militarism, including "Omaha Action", against land-based nuclear missiles (1959) and "Polaris Action" against submarine-based nuclear missiles (1960). Lyttle and several others walked from San Francisco to New York City, and then through parts of Europe to Moscow, Russia, from December 1960 until late 1961. The action was called the San Francisco to Moscow March for Peace. Several participants, including Lyttle, walked the entire distance. He also walked in the Quebec-Washington-Guantanamo Peace Walk (1963).
In 1965, Lyttle gave lectures on 'Non-Violent resistance' for the newly founded Free University of New York.
Among his theoretical works are a 1958 pamphlet presenting the case for nonviolent national defense against aggression; and a mathematical formula called "The Apocalypse Equation", which argues that, over time, the probability of nuclear missiles being used approaches 100%. Lyttle claimed that a University of Chicago statistician had checked his work on the "Apocalypse Equation." In Note 21 to his Presidential Address to the American Statistical Association published in 1988, University of Chicago Statistics Professor William Kruskal mentions Lyttle's "Apocalypse Equation" as an example of the error of casually assuming the independence of events when calculating the probability of a resultant event over time, as an example which "stretches to the limit … the appropriateness of probabilistic data."
He is also the founder and perennial candidate for the office of President of the United States of the United States Pacifist Party. He ran as a write-in candidate in the 1984, 1996, and 2000 elections, and on the ballot in the state of Colorado in 2008. In 2008, Lyttle came in second to last of 16 candidates in Colorado, for which he received 110 votes, beating only Gene Amondson of the Prohibition Party. In Colorado, Amondson came in last place among all candidates with ballot access (though Amondson won enough votes elsewhere to surpass Lyttle's total nationally).
Lyttle has been arrested for nonviolent peaceful demonstrations many times. In 1996, Lyttle, Civil Rights Movement historian Randy Kryn, David Dellinger, and Abbie Hoffman's son, Andrew, were among eleven people arrested for a sit-in at the Chicago Federal Building during the first Democratic National Convention held in Chicago since 1968.

## Works

* National Defense Thru Nonviolent Resistance (1958)
* Essays on Nonviolent Action (1959)
* Peace and independence for South Vietnam: By nonviolent resistance or guerilla warfare? (1965)
* You Come With Naked Hands: The Story of the San Francisco to Moscow March for Peace (1966)
* The Chicago Anti-Vietnam War Movement (1988)
* Peace Activist: The Autobiography of Bradford Lyttle (Kindle Edition 2014)
* The Flaw in Deterrence (2017)
# Palazzo del Bargello, Gubbio

The Palazzo del Bargello is a 14th-century Gothic architecture, civic palace located on Via del Consoli #35 in the historic center of Gubbio, region of Umbria, Italy. It now houses an exhibition or Museo della Balestra (crossbowmen), celebrated with a yearly festival. In front of the palace is the Fontana di Matto, now whimsically used to award a "license to be crazy" (Patente di Matto). Across the street is the small 13th-century church of San Giuliano that gave name to a gate nearby and this quarter of the city.

## History

The church of San Giuliano was adjacent to one of the early medieval walls of the city, hence this palace is situated in an area outside those walls. The palace was constructed in the circa 1302 to house the city police captain and offices.
The small piazza in front has an undistinguished fountain topped with the five mountains and a lily, a heraldic symbol of Gubbio. It has been a local tradition, mostly for visitors that a person who orbits the fountain three times, then douses or washes himself with its water, can be awarded, at a cost, the Patente di Matto.
# Swetland House

The Swetland House is a historic residence in London, Ohio, United States. Built in 1871, it is one of the city's leading Italianate houses, and it was once home to one of London's leading citizens.
Jeriah Swetland passed through London in 1843 and settled there permanently in 1856. Founding a business with his brother-in-law, he quickly prospered; within a decade, he had become one of the city's richest men. In the late 1860s, he purchased a large tract of undeveloped land southeast of downtown London and platted it for resale; among the houses built in this area was his own, which was completed in 1871. Built of brick with an asphalt roof, the house features many clear Italianate elements, such as multiple bay windows, a hip roof, multiple verandahs, and ornate hoodmolds. Two-and-a-half stories tall, the house is divided into fourteen rooms.
For a time in the late twentieth century, the Swetland House was used as an arts center, the London Community Arts Center. In early 1983, the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying because of its connection to a leading local citizen and because of its distinctive historic architecture.
# Vero Theatre

The Vero Theatre (also known as the Florida Theatre or Theatre Plaza) is a historic theater in Vero Beach, Florida. Located at 2036 14th Avenue, the Vero Theatre was designed in the Mediterranean Revival style by architect F.H. Trimble. It opened on October 14, 1924, as the city's first motion picture theater with its first feature film being the Hunchback of Notre Dame. The theatre became the center of the fight to remove Indian River from St. Lucie County as a result of local blue laws prohibiting Sunday film viewing. Governor John W. Martin created Indian River County in the theatre in May 1925. On April 28, 1992, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The Theatre closed in 1985 when other multiplex theatres opened nearby. The last film shown was Desperately Seeking Susan.
The building is one of the few remaining structures of the original downtown. It is currently vacant, though there have been numerous attempts made to renovate the structure. The last attempt at renovation was done by developer Robert L. Brackett. His attempts were halted by the storms of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season.
# Ars (slang)

Ars (Hebrew: ערס `ars), or Arsim (the plural in Hebrew) is an Israeli subculture, and a slang term in Hebrew. Originally used as an ethnic slur referring to Mizrachi Jews, the term has evolved and is now more broadly applied to describe anyone part of a perceived thuggish subculture of machismo. An ars is often depicted as loud and brash. The stereotype of an ars typically includes being crude, using vulgar language, hanging out with criminal types, seeking fights, and wearing flashy clothing (e.g. tank tops) and jewelry. The term derives from the Arabic word for pimp. Those who attempt to be an ars but are perceived as lacking the confidence of a typical ars are referred to by the slang term "Ars TzaAtzua" (Toy ars).

## Etymology

The term derives its origin from the Arabic word Ars (Arabic: عرص, ʿarṣ) – which means shepherd, and is used colloquially to refer to pimps (who "shepherd" prostitutes). The term has no connection to the word 'arse,' which itself is slang for the buttocks in British English.

## History

While ars originated as a derogatory term for Mizrahim, it is also used for members of other ethnicities in Israeli society, such as Russian-speaking immigrants or young men of Ethiopian origin.
In 2013, an Israeli labor court ruled that a prospective employer discriminated against a Mizrahi applicant by calling him an ars. This case set the precedent for recognizing the term ars as a racial epithet.
In 2014, a documentary series called Arsim uFrekhot (frekha is a feminine equivalent epithet aimed at Mizrahi women) was broadcast on Israeli television. The series examines the history of discrimination against Mizrahim and the social norms of white privilege versus Mizrahi marginalization as they appear in Israeli society.
The mannerisms associated with pimps in the early days of the State of Israel, which formed the basis of the stereotypical ars: lack of education, associating with criminals, being prone to violence, hailing from low class neighborhoods, dressing in loud clothing, wearing gold chain necklaces or bracelets and using vulgar speech. Related terms used by the Ashkenazi majority were "pushtak" (vacuous) and "tchakh-chakh" (riffraff).
Sometimes the word ars is "feminized" by adding a feminine suffix (arsit), although it is not commonly used for women. The word frekha is the closest feminine epithet that is applied to Mizrahi women. A "frekha" is the implied partner, neighbor, or relative of the ars, but the characteristics ascribed to her are different – the frekha is low-class, dresses gaudily, wears too much makeup, has long and brightly colored nails; she is flighty, shallow, a slave to fashion, and uneducated.
Dudu Faruk is a comedic character and musician based on the "ars" stereotype. His songs include "Arak Arak Arak" and ״Tik Tok".
# Valley Railroad Stone Bridge

Valley Railroad Stone Bridge is a historic stone arch bridge spanning Folly Mills Creek near Jolivue, Augusta County, Virginia. It was built in 1874 by the Valley Railroad, and is a four-span structure with an overall length of 130 feet (40 m) and a width of 15 feet (4.6 m). It is constructed of granite and faced in ashlar and features semi-circular arches set on gently splayed piers. It was acquired by the Virginia Department of Transportation in 1965. It is considered a scenic landmark along Interstate 81.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.
# Oh, Boy! (1919 film)

Oh, Boy! is a 1919, American silent comedy film directed by Albert Capellani and starring June Caprice, Creighton Hale, and Zena Keefe. It was based on the stage musical of the same name written by Guy Bolton and P. G. Wodehouse. The neologism "filmusical comedy" was branded for the film. The Jerome Kern Encyclopedia notes: "A talkie version was never made, and surprisingly , the musical has never received a Broadway revival ...".

## Cast

* June Caprice as Lou Ellen Carter
* Creighton Hale as George Budd
* Zena Keefe as Jackie Sampson
* Flora Finch as Miss Penelope Budd
* William H. Thompson as Judge Daniel Carter
* Grace Reals as Mrs. Carter
* Joseph Conyers as Constable Simms
* J.K. Murray as Dean of Richguys College
* Maurice 'Lefty' Flynn as Lefty Flynn
* Albert Capellani as Orchestra leader
* Ben Taggart as Charles Hartley