# James Harrison (blood donor)

James Christopher Harrison OAM (27 December 1936 – 17 February 2025) was an Australian blood plasma donor whose plasma contained antibodies that made it valuable for treatment against Rh disease. Known as the "Man with the Golden Arm", he donated 1,173 times from age 18 to 81, making his final donation on 11 May 2018.

## Early life

James Christopher Harrison was born in Junee, New South Wales, on 27 December 1936 to Peggy and Reginald Harrison.
In 1951, at the age of 14, he underwent major chest surgery that required the transfusion of a large amount of donated blood. Despite his fear of needles, he made a pledge to give back by donating blood as soon as he reached the required age of 18.

## Blood donations

Harrison started donating in 1954. After the first few donations, it was discovered that his blood contained unusually strong and persistent antibodies against the D Rh group antigen. Blood which contains a high level of anti-D antibodies can be processed to create immunoglobulin-based products used to prevent haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). These products are given to Rh(D) negative mothers of unknown or Rh(D) positive babies during and after pregnancy to prevent the creation of antibodies to the blood of the Rh(D) positive child. This antigen sensitization and subsequent incompatibility phenomenon causes Rh disease, the most common form of HDN.
Harrison was one of the founding donors of the New South Wales Rh Program, one of the first in the world, in 1969; he continuously donated from then onwards. Unlike whole blood, blood plasma can be donated as often as once every two weeks, allowing him to reach his 1,000th donation in May 2011. This had required an average of one donation every three weeks across 57 years. Commenting on his record, he said: "I could say it's the only record that I hope is broken, because if they do, they have donated a thousand donations." On 11 May 2018, he made his 1,173rd and last donation in compliance with Australian policy prohibiting blood donations from those past age 81.
Through their donations, the members of NSW's Rh Program have provided millions of doses of anti-D and helped prevent thousands of deaths and stillbirths, as well as many more instances of sickness and disability caused by HDN. Over his lifetime, Harrison's donations amounted to tens of thousands of doses worth of antibodies and had contributed to every batch of anti-D produced in NSW. He was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) on 7 June 1999.
In 2007, Harrison was critical of plans to open up Australia's plasma donation to foreign corporations. He believed that opening up the trade will discourage volunteer donations. This opening of trade stemmed from a review of the country's free trade agreement with the US. In 2011, he was nominated in the New South Wales Local Hero division of the Australian of the Year awards.
Research is being done on creating a mixture of monoclonal antibodies, antibodies made by immortalised B cells in bioreactors, that matches what is naturally produced in the bodies of donors such as Harrison. The project has been colloquially called "James in a Jar".

## Personal life and death

Harrison was married to Barbara Lindbeck, a fellow blood donor from his hometown of Junee, from an unknown date until her death in 2005. They resided in Umina Beach, New South Wales, about 500 km (310 mi) from their hometown. They had a daughter named Tracey, through whom they had two grandsons named Jarrod and Scott. Injections containing Harrison's donations were later used on Tracey when she was pregnant with Scott and again on Jarrod's wife Rebecca during her pregnancies, with Jarrod remarking, "It's pretty cool that part of him went into mum and got me a brother, then protected my kids [and] his great-grandkids."
On 17 February 2025, Harrison died in his sleep at the Peninsula Villages nursing home in Umina Beach. He was 88.