OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ticonderoga National Bank

Ticonderoga National Bank is a historic bank building located at Ticonderoga in Essex County, New York. It was built between 1927 and 1929 and is a two-story, three by seven bay, trapezoidal granite building in the Renaissance Revival style. It features a monumental arcade, large round arched windows, and a massive banking hall.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.
# Tillery-Fries House

Tillery-Fries House, also known as Conoconnara Hall, The Mansion, and Oak Grove, is a historic plantation complex located near Tillery, Halifax County, North Carolina. The Federal-style main house was built about 1800, and enlarged and remodeled about 1891 in the Colonial Revival style. It is a large, two-story with attic gable-roofed, frame dwelling with a two-story wing. It features full-facade one-story porches at the front and rear of the house supported by full Tuscan order columns. Also on the property are the contributing smokehouse, dairy, storage shed, overseer's house (c. 1800), and manager's cottage.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
# Górak

Górak is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrzej Górak (born 1951), Polish engineer
* Daniel Górak (born 1983), Polish table tennis player
* Stanisław Górak [Wikidata] (born 1959), Polish athlete
# Osculant

In mathematical invariant theory, the osculant or tacinvariant or tact invariant is an invariant of a hypersurface that vanishes if the hypersurface touches itself, or an invariant of several hypersurfaces that osculate, meaning that they have a common point where they meet to unusually high order.
# 1710 in Sweden

Events from the year 1710 in Sweden

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Charles XII

## Events

* February - Battle of Helsingborg
* - Arvid Horn appointed Privy Council Chancellery.
* - Vyborg is taken by the Russians.
* July - The Great Northern War plague outbreak reach Stockholm.
* 15 July – 10 October - Capitulation of Estonia and Livonia
* August–September - The Great Northern War plague outbreak spread from the capital to the Swedish country.
* - Riga is taken by the Russians.
* 24 September - Battle of Køge Bay (1710)
* - Reval is taken by the Russians.
* - Scania is taken by the Danes.
* - Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala
* - Lars Gathenhielm is given royal permission to act as a privateer in the Baltic Sea.

## Births

* Ulrica Catharina Stromberg, courtier (died 1777)

## Deaths

* 3 November - Maria de Croll, concert vocalist (born unknown date)
* Anna Maria Thelott, artist (born 1683)
* Dorothea Hoffman, hat maker
* Helena Lindelia, artist
# Illustrissimi

Illustrissimi, or "To the Illustrious Ones", is a collection of letters written by Pope John Paul I when he was Patriarch of Venice. The letters were originally published in the Italian Christian paper Messaggero di S. Antonio between 1972 and 1975, and published in book form in 1976. The book was first published in English in 1978, when Cardinal Luciani (as he was then known) was elected Pope. As the English translation only reached the public after his death (after reigning as Pope for just 33 days), it stands as one of the few writings in public circulation that indicate what sort of person John Paul I was and what sort of Pope he might have been had he lived longer.

## The letters

There are 40 letters in all, mainly to people in Italian history and fiction, but also to internationally well known fictional and historical characters such as Pinocchio, Charles Dickens, Hippocrates and Jesus. Each of the letters tends to be droll and witty, but cleverly turned into a short sermon in order to make a point, whether it is on fashion, pornography, capitalism or the communications industry.
The letters are addressed to the following:
* Charles Dickens
* Mark Twain
* G. K. Chesterton
* Maria Theresa of Austria
* Charles Péguy
* Trilussa
* St. Bernard of Clairvaux
* Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
* King David
* Penelope
* Figaro
* The Pickwick Club
* Pinocchio
* Paolo Diacono
* Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba
* St. Bernardino of Siena
* St. Francis de Sales
* St. Romedio's Bear
* P. I. Chichikov
* King Lemuel
* Sir Walter Scott
* The Unknown Painter at the Castle
* Hippocrates
* St. Thérèse de Lisieux
* Alessandro Manzoni
* Casella
* Luigi Cornaro
* Aldus Manutius
* St. Bonaventure
* Christopher Marlowe
* St. Luke
* Quintilian
* Guglielmo Marconi
* Giuseppe Gioacchino Belli
* Félix Dupanloup
* Petrarch
* St. Theresa of Ávila
* Carlo Goldoni
* Andreas Hofer
* Jesus Christ
The book was last reissued in 2001.
# Goslarer Kaiserring

Since 1975, the Goslarer Kaiserring award has been given, by the city of Goslar, to a distinguished international artist of modern and contemporary art. The award is for artists whose work has given the contemporary art significant impetus. The prize consists of an aquamarine set in gold, in which the seal of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1050–1106) is engraved. It is made every year by the goldsmith Hadfried Rinke from Worpswede.

## Recipients

Source:
* 1975: Henry Moore
* 1976: Max Ernst
* 1977: Alexander Calder
* 1978: Victor Vasarely
* 1979: Joseph Beuys
* 1980: Jean Tinguely (acceptance refused)
* 1981: Richard Serra
* 1982: Max Bill
* 1983: Günther Uecker
* 1984: Willem de Kooning
* 1985: Eduardo Chillida
* 1986: Georg Baselitz
* 1987: Christo
* 1988: Gerhard Richter
* 1989: Mario Merz
* 1990: Anselm Kiefer
* 1991: Nam June Paik
* 1992: Rebecca Horn
* 1993: Roman Opalka
* 1994: Bernd and Hilla Becher
* 1995: Cy Twombly
* 1996: Dani Karavan
* 1997: Franz Gertsch
* 1998: Ilya Kabakov
* 1999: Cindy Sherman
* 2000: Sigmar Polke
* 2001: Christian Boltanski
* 2002: Jenny Holzer
* 2003: William Kentridge
* 2004: Katharina Sieverding
* 2005: Robert Longo
* 2006: Jörg Immendorff
* 2007: Matthew Barney
* 2008: Andreas Gursky
* 2009: Bridget Riley
* 2010: David Lynch
* 2011: Rosemarie Trockel
* 2012: John Baldessari
* 2013: Ólafur Elíasson
* 2014: Wiebke Siem
* 2015: Boris Mikhailov
* 2016: Jimmie Durham
* 2017: Isa Genzken
* 2018: Wolfgang Tillmans
* 2019: Barbara Kruger
* 2020: Hans Haacke
* 2021: Adrian Piper
* 2022: Isaac Julien
* 2023: Yury Albert [Wikidata] and Vadim Zakharov
* 2024: Miriam Cahn
* 2025: Katharina Fritsch
# Breathe (Nickelback song)

"Breathe" is a song by the Canadian rock band Nickelback. Written by Chad Kroeger, Ryan Peake and Mike Kroeger, it was the opening track on the band's second studio album, The State in 1998. With the album's reissue by Roadrunner Records, "Breathe" was released as the third single from on November 20, 2000, reaching number 16 on the Canadian Top Rock Songs chart, number 10 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart and number 2 on the US charts.

## Background

"Breathe" was written by Nickelback's lead vocalist and guitarist Chad Kroeger, the guitarist and backing vocalist Ryan Peake and the bass guitarist Mike Kroeger. The song entered the RPM Canadian Top Rock Songs] chart at number 23 on August 7, 2000, and peaked at number 16 on October 2, 2000. The single later entered the US Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart at number 32 for the week of August 12, 2000. It remained in the top 40 for a total of 17 weeks, peaking at number 10 for the week of October 21, 2000. The song also reached number 21 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart (then known as Hot Modern Rock Tracks) for the week of February 10, 2001, after 15 weeks on the chart since entering at number 38 on November 25, 2000. The song was included on MuchMusic's fifth Big Shiny Tunes compilation, Big Shiny Tunes 5, in November 2000, and on the soundtrack to the film Clockstoppers in March 2002.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Chad Kroeger, Ryan Peake, Mike Kroeger, and Ryan Vikedal.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of The State.
* Chad Kroeger – lead vocals, guitar, production, talk-box
* Ryan Peake – guitar, backing vocals, production
* Mike Kroeger – bass guitar, production
* Ryan Vikedal – drums, production
* Dale Penner – production
* Garth "GGGarth" Richardson – mixing
* Ken Grant - assistant engineer
* Brett Zilahi - mastering engineer
* Three Mountain Design – graphic design
* Neil Zlozower – photography

## Chart positions

| Chart (2000–01) | Peak position |
| Canadian Top Rock Songs (RPM) | 16 |
| US Mainstream Rock Tracks (Billboard) | 10 |
| US Modern Rock Tracks (Billboard) | 21 |
# Altan Khan of the Khalkha

The Altan Khans (or Golden Khans) ruled over the Khotogoids in northwestern Mongolia from about 1609 to 1691. They belonged to the Left Wing of the Khalkha Mongols. Although they claimed to be khans, Mongolian chronicles call them Khun Taij, which was a noble rank equivalent to prince.

## Background

After the death of Dayan Khan some time after 1517 his empire was split between his descendants and became a kind of family federation. His grandson, a different Altan Khan (1507–1582) of Tumet had successful military campaigns against the Oirats. Dayan Khan's youngest son, Gersendze Huangtaizi, was given lands approximately matching the territory of present-day Mongolia. By the early 17th century most of Outer Mongolia was held by his descendants. These formed four khanates, from west to east:
* The Altan Khan (great-grandson of Geresandza) in the far west.
* Dzasagtu-khan, khanate founded by Laikhor-khan, a cousin of the Altan Khan.
* Tushetu Khan at örgöö (ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡ/Өргөө, today Ulan Bator) founded by Abtai Sain Khan, another grandson. This was the senior branch.
* Sechen-khan at the eastern end of modern Mongolia, founded by Shului, a great-grandson.
The Altan Khan was important circa 1609-1682. The Tushetu Khan, with his control of the religious capital, was long the leading figure in Khalkha.
In the 17th century, to the west, the Oirat Dzungar Khanate was gradually consolidated in modern-day Xinjiang; to the north, the Russians increased their hold over the Siberian forests; and, to the east, the Manchus moved south to conquer the Ming dynasty, eventually forming the Qing dynasty.

## Rulers

* Ubasi Khong Tayiji (Shului Ubasha Khong Tayiji) (?-1623) was the first to take the name Altan Khan. Ubasi was killed by the Oirats in 1623 and was succeeded by his son Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji.
* Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji (1623-?) his son. In 1652, he abdicated the throne and his son Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji succeeded.
* Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji (or Lobdzang or Rinchen Sayin Khong Tayiji) (ca.1658-91): In 1662 he attacked, captured and put to death his eastern neighbor, the Dzasagtu Khan. This led the senior Tushetu Khan (Chaghun Dorji) to form a league and drive out the Altan-khan. With the help of the Dzungar and Qing (divide and conquer), he was able to reinstate himself, but in 1682 he was captured by the Dzasagtu Khan. In 1691 he, and his khanate, disappeared from the records.
# 2008–09 División de Honor B de Balonmano

The 2008–09 season of the División de Honor B de Balonmano is the 15th season of second-tier handball in Spain.

## Final standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Lábaro Toledo | 28 | 19 | 3 | 6 | 783 | 708 | +75 | 41 | Promoted |
| 2 | Helvetia Anaitasuna | 28 | 18 | 3 | 7 | 814 | 745 | +69 | 39 | Play-offs for promotion |
| 3 | PRASA Pozoblanco | 28 | 17 | 5 | 6 | 790 | 721 | +69 | 39 | Play-offs for promotion |
| 4 | Realitas Guadalajara | 28 | 17 | 1 | 10 | 795 | 754 | +41 | 35 | Play-offs for promotion |
| 5 | Frigoríficos del Morrazo | 28 | 14 | 5 | 9 | 753 | 754 | −1 | 33 | Play-offs for promotion |
| 6 | Artepref Villa de Aranda | 28 | 13 | 4 | 11 | 724 | 714 | +10 | 30 | |
| 7 | Almoradí Mahersol | 28 | 14 | 2 | 12 | 743 | 761 | −18 | 30 | |
| 8 | Barakaldo | 28 | 14 | 2 | 12 | 787 | 764 | +23 | 30 | |
| 9 | Bidasoa Irún | 28 | 12 | 6 | 10 | 777 | 777 | 0 | 30 | |
| 10 | Alser Puerto Sagunto | 28 | 10 | 4 | 14 | 759 | 794 | −35 | 24 | |
| 11 | ARS Palma del Río | 28 | 9 | 4 | 15 | 759 | 787 | −28 | 22 | |
| 12 | Hexa Aldemar | 28 | 9 | 3 | 16 | 726 | 768 | −42 | 21 | |
| 13 | Obearagón Huesca | 28 | 8 | 4 | 16 | 760 | 766 | −6 | 20 | |
| 14 | Adelma Sinfín | 28 | 8 | 2 | 18 | 735 | 794 | −59 | 18 | |
| 15 | Atlético Boadilla Madrid | 28 | 3 | 2 | 23 | 728 | 826 | −98 | 8 | Relegated |

### Playoffs for promotion
#### Semifinals

| 23 May 2009 | PRASA Pozoblanco | 30 – 34 | Rayet Guadalajara | (report) |
| 23 May 2009 | Helvetia Anaitasuna | 23 – 30 | Frigoríficos del Morrazo | (report) |

#### Final

| 24 May 2009 | Frigoríficos del Morrazo | 25 – 21 | Rayet Guadalajara | (report) |
# Rural Municipality of Pinto Creek No. 75

The Rural Municipality of Pinto Creek No. 75 (2016 population: 283) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 3 and SARM Division No. 3. It is located in the southern portion of the province.

## History

The RM of Pinto Creek No. 75 incorporated as a rural municipality on January 1, 1913. It is named after Pinto Creek that flows through the RM.

## Geography
### Communities and localities

The following urban municipalities are surrounded by the RM.

#### Villages

* Hazenmore
* Kincaid
The following unincorporated communities are within the RM.

#### Hamlets

* Meyronne

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the RM of Pinto Creek No. 75 had a population of 251 living in 85 of its 104 total private dwellings, a change of -12.8% from its 2016 population of 288. With a land area of 838.82 km$^2$ (323.87 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.3/km$^2$ (0.8/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population, the RM of Pinto Creek No. 75 recorded a population of 283 living in 93 of its 115 total private dwellings, a 18.4% change from its 2011 population of 239. With a land area of 845.49 km$^2$ (326.45 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.3/km$^2$ (0.9/sq mi) in 2016.

## Government

The RM of Pinto Creek No. 75 is governed by an elected municipal council and an appointed administrator that meets on the first Thursday of every month. The reeve of the RM is Brian Corcoran while its administrator is Roxanne Empey. The RM's office is located in Kincaid.
# Timberlake–Branham House

The Timberlake–Branham House is a historic home located in Charlottesville, Virginia. It was built in 1886, and is a two-story, three-bay, single-pile I-house dwelling. It is sheathed in weatherboard and sits on a low brick foundation. It features a two-story semi-octagonal addition at the eastern end and a wing at the southwestern rear corner. The house is occupied by the Dabney Foundation for Elders.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
# Todd Shell

Todd Shell (born June 24, 1962) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He is also a former Arena Football League (AFL) coach for the San Jose SaberCats, Arizona Rattlers and New York Dragons.

## Professional career

Shell was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the first round of the 1984 NFL draft. In Week 13 of the 1984 season, against the New Orleans Saints, Shell became the first NFL rookie to record 2.0+ sacks and a touchdown in a single game, when he returned an interception for 53 yards. As of 2023, only two other defenders, Andy Katzenmoyer and Devon Witherspoon, had achieved this.
# Rural Municipality of Poplar Valley No. 12

The Rural Municipality of Poplar Valley No. 12 (2016 population: 195) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 3 and SARM Division No. 2. It is located in the southern portion of the province. It is adjacent to the United States border, neighbouring Daniels County in Montana.

## History

The RM of Poplar Valley No. 12 incorporated as a rural municipality on January 1, 1913.

## Geography
### Communities and localities

The following urban municipalities are surrounded by the RM.

#### Towns

* Rockglen
The following unincorporated communities are within the RM.

#### Localities

* Fife Lake
The following parks are within the RM.

#### Regional parks

* Rockin Beach Park

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the RM of Poplar Valley No. 12 had a population of 190 living in 81 of its 105 total private dwellings, a change of -2.6% from its 2016 population of 195. With a land area of 765.28 km$^2$ (295.48 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.2/km$^2$ (0.6/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population, the RM of Poplar Valley No. 12 recorded a population of 195 living in 82 of its 97 total private dwellings, a -2.5% change from its 2011 population of 200. With a land area of 769.37 km$^2$ (297.06 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.3/km$^2$ (0.7/sq mi) in 2016.

## Government

The RM of Poplar Valley No. 12 is governed by an elected municipal council and an appointed administrator that meets on the second Wednesday of every month. Current reeve is Darrel Swanson, while its administrator is Lynn Fisher.
Sitting Councillors as of the 2020 election are:
* Terry Loucks - Division 1
* Kalissa Regier - Division 2
* Richard Kimball - Division 3
* Kendra Loucks - Division 4
* Brad Christopherson - Division 5
* Calvin Knoss - Division 6

## Transportation

* The RM is a part owner of the Fife Lake Railway.
* Rockglen Airport
* Highway 2
* Highway 18
# Mahdi Abbaszadeh

Mahdi Abbaszadeh is an Iranian philosopher and associate professor of epistemology at the Research Institute for Islamic Culture and Thought who is a recipient of the Iranian Book of the Year Award for his book System of Illuminative Epistemology of Al-Suhrawardi.

## Books

* Avicenna's Influence on Duns Scotus, 2013
* System of Illuminative Epistemology of Al-Suhrawardi, 2016
* Existential Theology: A Comparative and Critical Study of John Macquarrie's Thinking, 2017
* Philosophical Essays, 2020
# Valley Falls Mill

The Valley Falls Mill is a historic textile mill complex on Broad Street in Central Falls, Rhode Island. The complex consists of the primary mill building, a large Italianate brick four-story building erected in 1849, several outbuildings. a dam across the Blackstone River, and a portion of the original canal system which provided water power to the mill. The outbuildings include the gatehouse controlling waterflow into the canals, a small stuccoed office building now serving as a retail establishment, and a brick bathhouse built c. 1870 that stands just south of the mill race. The complex originally had a second mill building and power canal; that building was destroyed by fire, and its canal was filled in. The main mill building was developed as housing in the late 1970s, including a sympathetic replacement for the second mill building.
The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
# Valley Junction-West Des Moines City Hall and Engine House

The Valley Junction-West Des Moines City Hall and Engine House is a historic building located in West Des Moines, Iowa, United States. Valley Junction was incorporated in 1893, and it was named for the junction of three lines of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad where it was located. This two-story brick building was constructed to house the community's city hall and fire station, even though the fire department would not be established until 1905. The fire station was located on the first floor, and the city hall was located on the second floor. It was located a block north of the train depot. An interurban railway connected the town to Des Moines, and its proximity to the Iowa coal fields contributed to its growth. By 1911 the town grew to be the second largest community in Polk County, and its name was changed to West Des Moines by 1940. The building was used for city hall until 1952. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. It was included as a contributing property in the Valley Junction Commercial Historic District in 2017.
# Valley Pike Covered Bridge

The Valley Pike Covered Bridge was a historic covered bridge located in Mason County, Kentucky, United States. It crossed the Frasure Branch of Lee Creek. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. The bridge was dismantled after flood damage on April 27, 2018.
The bridge construction was single kingpost, resting on stone abutments. The span was short – 30 to 35 feet – consistent with the single kingpost system. The structure had tin siding and roofing. It was the only privately owned covered bridge in Kentucky and had provided access to farmland.
A number of reasons have been offered to explain the construction of covered bridges in Kentucky during the 19th century. Roads across the bridges were kept dry and free of snow in winter. The protection the cover provided against wood deterioration was likely most important. The cover allowed timbered trusses and braces to season properly and kept water out of the joints, prolonging the life by seven to eight times that of an uncovered bridge.
# Van Alstyne House

Van Alstyne Homestead is a historic home located at Canajoharie in Montgomery County, New York. It is a long, low rectangular house with a steeply pitched gambrel roof in the Dutch Colonial style. The original fieldstone house was built before 1730 and has three rooms (loft, living area, kitchen cellar) with a garret under the roof. A 2+1⁄2-story frame addition runs across the rear.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. It is located in the Canajoharie Historic District.

## Brief History

First constructed by Martin Janse Van Alstyne before 1730 the home also functioned as a tavern and meeting place with the start of the American Revolution. By 1775 it was owned by Goshen (Goose) Van Alstyne and was a frequent meeting place for the Tryon County Committee of Safety. It was here that the Mohawk Valley's patriots first debated the merits of liberty and the new American Tryon Militia was born. Nicholas Herkimer accepted his new commission here as Chief Colonel and was later appointed General of the all volunteer force of American frontier soldiers.

## Museum

The historic Dutch homestead and tavern houses the Rufus Grider collection of historically accurate drawings documenting 18th century homes, farms and life across the Mohawk Valley. Rufus Grider, a Moravian immigrant and late 19th century artist, purchased and renovated the old homestead in 1885 to create one of New York's first museums of its kind. Today it is run by the Van Alstyne Homestead Society and is open to the public for tours during the summer season on Saturdays.
# Van Bergen House

Van Bergen House is a historic home located at New Baltimore in Greene County, New York. It was built about 1786 (expanded about 1820) and is a two-story, four by five bay stubblestone residence with a slate-clad hipped roof. It was restored in the mid-20th century. Also on the property is a smoke house.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.