# List of constant species in the British National Vegetation Classification

The following is a list of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens which are constant species in one or more community of the British National Vegetation Classification system.

## Vascular plants
### Grasses

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Brown bent | Agrostis vinealis | H6 |
| Common bent | Agrostis capillaris | MG3, MG5, SD12, CG10, W11 |
| Bristle bent | Agrostis curtisii | H3, H4 |
| Creeping bent | Agrostis stolonifera | MG10, MG11, MG12, MG13, MC10, SD17 |
| Marsh foxtail | Alopecurus geniculatus | MG13 |
| Meadow foxtail | Alopecurus pratensis | MG4 |
| Marram | Ammophila arenaria | SD12, SD19 |
| Sweet vernal-grass | Anthoxanthum odoratum | MG3, MG5, MG8, W11 |
| False oat-grass | Arrhenatherum elatius | MG1, MG2 |
| Meadow oat-grass | Avenula pratensis | CG2, CG6 |
| Downy oat-grass | Avenula pubescens | CG6 |
| Tor-grass | Brachypodium pinnatum | CG4, CG5 |
| Quaking grass | Briza media | CG2, CG5 |
| Upright brome | Bromus erectus | CG3, CG5 |
| Crested dog's-tail | Cynosurus cristatus | MG4, MG5, MG6, MG8 |
| Cock's-foot | Dactylis glomerata | MG3, MG5, MG1, MG2, MC4, CG1 |
| Tufted hair-grass | Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. cespitosa | MG9, H21 |
| Wavy hair-grass | Deschampsia flexuosa | H2, W11, H9, H12, H14, H15, H16, H17, H18, H19, H20, H22 |
| Smooth finger-grass | Digitaria ischaemum | OV5 |
| Sea couch | Elymus pycnanthus | SM24 |
| Common couch | Elytrigia repens | OV5 |
| Tall fescue | Festuca arundinacea | MG12 |
| Sheep's fescue | Festuca ovina | H1, H5, H7, H20, CG1, CG2, CG3, CG4, CG5, CG7, U6, SD12, CG10 |
| Red fescue | Festuca rubra | MG2, MG3, MG4, MG5, MG6, MG8, MG11, MG12, MC1, MC2, MC3, MC4, MC5, MC6, MC10, CG6, CG10, SD19, MC12 |
| Viviparous fescue | Festuca vivipara | H20 |
| Yorkshire-fog | Holcus lanatus | MG3, MG4, MG5, MG6, MG8, MG9, MG10, H7, MC12 |
| Creeping soft-grass | Holcus mollis | W11 |
| Crested hair-grass | Koeleria macrantha | CG2 |
| Perennial rye-grass | Lolium perenne | MG4, MG6 |
| Purple moor-grass | Molinia caerulea | H3, H4, H5 |
| Common reed | Phragmites australis | W2 |
| Annual meadow-grass | Poa annua | OV4, OV5, OV20 |
| Smooth meadow-grass | Poa pratensis | SD12 |
| MG3, rough meadow-grass | Poa trivialis | MG2, MG8 |
| Sand cat's-tail | Phleum arenarium | SD19 |
| Common saltmarsh-grass | Puccinellia maritima | SM10 |

### Sedges and rushes

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Sand sedge | Carex arenaria | SD11, SD12, SD19, H11 |
| Stiff sedge | Carex bigelowii | H19, H20 |
| Tufted sedge | Carex elata | S1 |
| Glaucous sedge | Carex flacca | CG2, CG3, CG4, CG5, H6 |
| Common sedge | Carex nigra | SD17 |
| Flea sedge | Carex pulicaris | H5 |
| Bottle sedge | Carex rostrata | W3, M4 |
| Deergrass | Cirpus cespitosus | H15 |
| Common cottongrass | Eriophorum angustifolium | M1, M2, M3, M20 |
| Hare's-tail cottongrass | Eriophorum vaginatum | M20 |
| Soft rush | Juncus effusus | MG10 |
| Heath rush | Juncus squarrosus | U6 |
| Black bog-rush | Schoenus nigricans | H5 |

### Trees

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Field maple | Acer campestre | W8 |
| Alder | Alnus glutinosa | W5, W6, W7 |
| Silver birch | Betula pendula | W11 |
| Downy birch | Betula pubescens | W2, W4, W11 |
| Hazel | Corylus avellana | W8, W9 |
| Ash | Fraxinus excelsior | W8, W9 |
| Juniper | Juniperus communis | W19 |
| Alpine juniper | Juniperus communis ssp. nana | H15 |
| Scots pine | Pinus sylvestris | W18 |
| English oak | Quercus robur | W10 |
| Sessile oak | Quercus petraea | W11, W17 |
| Grey willow | Salix cinerea | W1, W2, W3 |
| Bay willow | Salix pentandra | W3 |
| Yew | Taxus baccata | W13 |

### Other dicotyledons

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| A lady's-mantle | Alchemilla glabra | MG3 |
| Wild angelica | Angelica sylvestris | W3, MG2 |
| Alpine bearberry | Arctostaphylos alpinu | H17 |
| Bearberry | Arctostaphylos uva-ursi | H16 |
| Thyme-leaved sandwort | Arenaria serpyllifolia | SD19 |
| Thrift | Armeria maritima | MC1, MC2, MC3, MC5 |
| Spear-leaved orache | Atriplex prostata agg. | MC6 |
| Sea beet | Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima | MC6 |
| Wild cabbage | Brassica oleracea | MC4 |
| Sea rocket | Cakile maritima | SD2 |
| Heather | Calluna vulgaris | H1, H2, H3, H4, H7, H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15, H16, H17, H21, H22 |
| Marsh-marigold | Caltha palustris | W3, MG8 |
| Harebell | Campanula rotundifolia | CG10 |
| Cuckooflower | Cardamine pratensis | W3 |
| Carline thistle | Carlina vulgaris | CG1 |
| Black knapweed | Centaurea nigra | MG5 |
| Sea mouse-ear | Cerastium diffusum ssp. diffusum | MC5 |
| Common mouse-ear | Cerastium fontanum | MG3, MG4, MG6, MG8 |
| Corn marigold | Chrysanthemum segetum | OV4 |
| Pignut | Conopodium majus | MG3 |
| Dwarf cornel | Cornus suecica | H22 |
| Smooth hawk's-beard | Crepis capillaris | OV5 |
| Rock samphire | Crithmum maritimum | MC1 |
| Crosswort | Cruciata laevipes | MG2 |
| Ivy-leaved toadflax | Cymbalaria muralis | OV42 |
| Sea carrot | Daucus carota ssp. gummifer | MC4 |
| Round-leaved sundew | Drosera rotundifolia | M2 |
| Crowberry | Empetrum nigrum ssp nigrum | H13 |
| Mountain crowberry | Empetrum nigrum ssp hermaphroditum | H20, H22 |
| Broad-leaved willowherb | Epilobium montanum | MG2 |
| Bell heather | Erica cinerea | H2, H3, H4, H6, H7, H8, H10, H15, H16 |
| Cross-leaved heath | Erica tetralix | M2, H3, H4, H5 |
| Cornish heath | Erica vagans | H5, H6 |
| Common stork's-bill | Erodium cicutarium | OV5 |
| Meadowsweet | Filipendula ulmaria | W3, MG4, MG2, H6 |
| Cleavers | Galium aparine | SD3 |
| Common marsh-bedstraw | Galium palustre | W1, W3 |
| Heath bedstraw | Galium saxatile | W11, H18, H20, |
| Dove's-foot crane's-bill | Geranium molle | OV5 |
| Wood crane's-bill | Geranium sylvaticum | MG3 |
| Water avens | Geum rivale | MG2, W3 |
| Yellow horned-poppy | Glaucium flavum | SD1 |
| Common rock-rose | Helianthemum nummularium | CG5 |
| Common hogweed | Heracleum sphondylium | MG2 |
| Mouse-ear hawkweed | Hieracium pilosella | CG1, CG2, CG5, CG7 |
| Sea sandwort | Honkenya peploides | SD2 |
| Common cat's-ear | Hypochaeris radicata | H7 |
| Meadow vetchling | Lathyrus pratensis | MG4 |
| Autumn hawkbit | Leontodon autumnalis | MG4, MG8 |
| Rough hawkbit | Leontodon hispidus | CG2, CG5, CG7 |
| Scots lovage | Ligusticum scoticum | MC2 |
| Fairy flax | Linum catharticum | CG2 |
| Honeysuckle | Lonicera periclymenum | W10 |
| Bird's-foot trefoil | Lotus corniculatus | MG5, CG1, CG2, CG3, CG5, CG6, H7 |
| Bog pimpernel | Lysimachia tenella (syn. Anagallis tenella) | H5 |
| Sea mayweed | Matricaria maritima | MC6, SD3 |
| Bogbean | Menyanthes trifoliata | M1 |
| Dog's mercury | Mercurialis perennis | MG2, W8, W9 |
| Wood-sorrel | Oxalis acetosella | W9, W11 |
| Pellitory-of-the-wall | Parietaria diffusa | OV41 |
| Buck's-horn plantain | Plantago coronopus) | MC5, MC10 |
| Ribwort plantain | Plantago lanceolata | MG3, MG4, MG5, CG1, CG2, CG3, H7, MC10, CG10 |
| Sea plantain | Plantago maritima | H7, MC10 |
| Knotgrass | Polygonum aviculare | OV4 |
| Silverweed | Potentilla anserina | MG11, SD17 |
| Tormentil | Potentilla erecta | W11, H4, H5, H7, CG10, H10, H15, H21 |
| Self-heal | Prunella vulgaris | CG10 |
| Meadow buttercup | Ranunculus acris | MG3, MG4, MG8 |
| Creeping buttercup | Ranunculus repens | MG10 |
| Roseroot | Rhodiola rosea | MC3 |
| Cloudberry | Rubus chamaemorus | H22 |
| Bramble | Rubus fruticosus agg. | W8, W10 |
| Common sorrel | Rumex acetosa | MG3, MG4, MG8, MC3, MC12 |
| Curled dock | Rumex crispus | SD1 |
| Procumbent pearlwort | Sagina procumbens | OV20 |
| Annual species of glasswort | Salicornia spp. | SM10 |
| Salad burnet | Sanguisorba minor | CG1, CG2, CG3, CG5 |
| Great burnet | Sanguisorba officinalis) | MG3, MG4 |
| Small scabious | Scabiosa columbaria | CG2 |
| Biting stonecrop | Sedum acre | MC5 |
| English stonecrop | Sedum anglicum | MC5 |
| Groundsel | Senecio vulgaris | OV5 |
| Saw-wort | Serratula tinctoria | H5 |
| Red campion | Silene dioica | MG2 |
| Corn spurrey | Spergula arvensis | OV4, OV5 |
| Greater sea-spurrey | Spergularia rupicola | MC1 |
| Common chickweed | Stellaria media | MC7, OV5 |
| Annual sea-blite | Suaeda maritima | SM10 |
| Devil's-bit scabious | Succisa pratensis | H5 |
| Dandelion | Taraxacum officinale agg. | MG4, CG6 |
| Wild thyme | Thymus praecox | CG1, CG2, CG5, CG7, H7, CG10 |
| Large thyme | Thymus pulegioides | CG7 |
| Red clover | Trifolium pratense) | MG4, MG5 |
| White clover | Trifolium repens) | MG3, MG4, MG5, MG6, MG8 |
| Common gorse | Ulex europaeus | H6 |
| Western gorse | Ulex gallii | H4, H5, H6, H8 |
| Dwarf gorse | Ulex minor | H2, H3 |
| Stinging nettle | Urtica dioica | MG2 |
| Bilberry | Vaccinium myrtillus | H12, H18, H19, H20, H21, H22 |
| Cowberry | Vaccinium vitis-idaea | H16, H19, H22 |
| Marsh valerian | Valeriana dioica | W3 |
| Common valerian | Valeriana officinalis | MG2 |
| Common dog-violet | Viola riviniana | W9, W11, H6, CG10 |

### Other monocotyledons

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Bluebell | Hyacinthoides non-scripta | MC12 |
| Broad-leaved pondweed | Potamogeton natans | A9 |
| Spring squill | Scilla verna | H7 |
| Narrow-leaved eelgrass | Zostera angustifolia | SM1 |
| Eelgrass | Zostera marina | SM1 |
| Dwarf eelgrass | Zostera noltei | SM1 |

### Ferns

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Wall-rue | Asplenium ruta-muraria | OV39 |
| Maidenhair spleenwort | Asplenium trichomanes | OV39 |
| Hard fern | Blechnum spicant | H21 |
| Male fern | Dryopteris filix-mas | W9, MG2 |
| Bracken | Pteridium aquilinum | W10, W11 |

### Clubmosses

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Fir clubmoss | Huperzia selago | H17 |

## Bryophytes
### Mosses

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Pointed spear-moss | Calliergon cuspidatum | W3, SD17 |
| Yellow starry feather-moss | Campylium stellatum | H5 |
| Broom fork-moss | Dicranum scoparium sensu lato | H1, H12, H16, H18, H21, H22 |
| Common feather-moss | Eurhynchium praelongum | W8, W9 |
| Common striated feather-moss | Eurhynchium striatum | W9 |
| Swartz's feather-moss | Eurhynchium swartzii | MG2 |
| Silky wall feather-moss | Homalothecium sericeum | OV39 |
| Glittering wood-moss | Hylocomium splendens | CG10, W11, H16, H20, H21, H22 |
| Cypress-leaved plait-moss and allied species | Hypnum cupressiforme sensu lato | H1, CG7, H14, H15, H21 |
| Heath plait-moss | Hypnum jutlandicum | H12, H16 |
| Swan's-neck thyme-moss | Mnium hornum | W3 |
| Hart's-tongue thyme-moss | Plagiomnium undulatum | MG2, W9 |
| Dented silk-moss | Plagiothecium denticulatum | MG2 |
| Waved silk-moss | Plagiothecium undulatum | H21 |
| | Pleurozium schreberi | H12, H16, H18, H20, H21, H22 |
| Nodding thread-moss | Pohlia nutans | H9 |
| Common haircap | Polytrichum commune | M4, U6 |
| Neat feather-moss | Pseudoscleropodium purum | W11, CG6 |
| Woolly fringe-moss | Racomitrium lanuginosum | H13, H14, H15, H17, H19, H20 |
| Little shaggy-moss | Rhytidiadelphus loreus | H20, H21, H22 |
| Springy turf-moss | Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus | W11 |
| Dotted thyme-moss | Rhizomnium punctatum | W3 |
| Seaside grimmia | Schistidium maritimum | MC2 |
| Cow-horn bog-moss | Sphagnum auriculatum | M1 |
| Acute-leaved bog-moss | Sphagnum capillifolium | H21, H22 |
| Feathery bog-moss | Sphagnum cuspidatum | M1, M2, M4 |
| Flat-topped / flexuous bog-mosses | Sphagnum recurvum | M2, M4 |
| Common tamarisk-moss | Thuidium tamariscinum | W9, W11 |

### Liverworts

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| Bifid crestwort | Lophocolea bidentata sensu lato | MG2, U6 |
| Purple spoonwort | Pleurozia purpurea | H15 |
| Wall scalewort | Porella platyphylla | OV39 |

## Lichens

| English name | Scientific name | Communities |
| | Alectoria nigricans | H13 |
| Iceland moss | Cetraria islandica | H13, H19 |
| | Cladonia arbuscula | H13, H14, H17, H19, H22 |
| | Cladonia impexa | H16 |
| Reindeer lichen | Cladonia rangiferina | H13 |
| | Cladonia uncialis | H15, H17, H19, H20 |
| | Cornicularia aculeata | SD11, H13 |