OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Andrea Cardona

Andrea Cardona (born June 19, 1982) is a Guatemalan mountaineer, the first Central American woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest and the first Latin American to complete the Adventurers Grand Slam.

## Early life

Andrea Melissa Cardona Morfín was born in Guatemala City.
At age 18, inclined to engage in the Tourism Industry, she applied for a scholarship at the University of Genoa in Italy and four years later graduated from Tourism Economics. She later worked for a hotel chain in Sardinia and then in New York City, performing desk job in the marketing area.
Andrea applied for a job as a guide, which she found with a Brazilian tour operator based in Asia. After making seven treks to the base camp of Mount Everest and discovering an innate passion for mountaineering, she proposed to challenge herself as being "the first Central American woman to climb the highest peaks on earth"
Among her main achievements and challenges are "The Seven Summits", "The Three Poles Challenge Planet" and "Explorers Grand Slam".

## Three Poles Challenge

On May 23, 2010 Andrea Cardona became the first Central American woman to climb Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world and the so-called Third Pole of the Planet, being the third largest ice storage of the globe.
Subsequently, on December 28, 2011, began a new challenge in Antarctica after having skied 111.11 kilometers (equivalent to a terrestrial latitude) in a week, a woman got placed for the first time in history, the flag of Guatemala at the geographic South Pole.
On Tuesday, April 17, 2012, ended the challenge of the three poles of the planet, skiing 111.11 kilometers again, this time to the geographic north pole, which is located in the Arctic Ocean.
Thus Andrea Cardona carried the flag of Guatemala to a new record by becoming the first Latin American woman to accomplish this feat.

## Adventurers Grand Slam

The Explorers Grand Slam or Adventurers Grand Slam is an adventurer's challenge to reach the North Pole, the South Pole, and all of the Seven Summits.
Some 28 people have completed the Explorers Grand Slam.
# Yasser Al-Awadi

Yasser Ahmed Salem Al-Awadi (Arabic: ياسر أحمد سالم أحمد عبد الله العواضي; 1 March 1978 – 15 November 2021) was a Yemeni politician. A member of the General People's Congress, he served in the House of Representatives from 2003 until his death in 2021.
# Multiculturalism Without Culture

Multiculturalism Without Culture is a book written by Anne Phillips. The topic of multiculturalism is explored by Phillips with reference to such subjects as feminism, anthropology, political theory, law, and philosophy. Her inspiration to write the book stemmed from the contrasting concerns of multiculturalism challenging the rights of women and feminism encroaching upon the well-being of cultures. While Phillips presents many different perspectives on multiculturalism, her general argument in the book can be summed up as: “It is time for elaborating a version of multiculturalism that dispenses with reified notions of culture, engages more ruthlessly with cultural stereotypes, and refuses to subordinate the rights and interests of women to the supposed traditions of their culture.”

## Summary

In the book, Phillips elaborates on the idea of a multiculturalism without culture. In this model, the conception of culture as unchanging and domineering (A view that Phillips argues is held by many governments and people alike) is disposed in favour of the idea that culture is fluid and that the individual in the culture, not the culture group itself, has rights and is the most important element. A central part of her theory rests on the idea that people in minority cultures have autonomy. Her discussion weighs many different perspectives on multiculturalism provided by an array of modern writers on the subject. She consistently keeps feminist theory as a primary foundation from which she structures her arguments. The book ends with her vouching for the increasing of consultative services for minority groups and increase of dialogue between them and governments.

## Reception

Critical reception has been mostly positive. The Polish Sociological Review gave Multiculturalism Without Culture a favorable review, remarking that it was a "stimulating, well-researched and well-written book". Professor Anna Yeatman of the University of Western Sydney posted on H-Net that the book "goes only so far theoretically" but that it was "an excellent and considered argument for multiculturalism at a time when it has come under attack from all quarters."
# Yvonne Boyer

Yvonne Boyer (born October 25, 1953) is a Canadian lawyer who was named to the Senate of Canada on March 25, 2018, as a Senator for Ontario by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. A Métis, Boyer is the first Indigenous person appointed to the Senate from Ontario. She lives in Merrickville, Ontario, near Ottawa.
As a lawyer, Boyer has been outspoken in her criticisms of inequities in Canada's health care in its treatment of and availability to Indigenous peoples.
Boyer is a member of the Métis Nation and has ancestral roots in the Métis Nation of Saskatchewan and Red River, Manitoba. As well as being a lawyer, at the time of her appointment to the Upper House she was a professor in the law faculty at the University of Ottawa and associate director at the school's Centre for Health Law, Policy and Ethics. She is also a former member of the Canadian Human Rights Commission and has also served as in-house counsel for the Native Women's Association of Canada, and as a senior policy analyst and legal adviser at the National Aboriginal Health Organization.
Boyer's appointment to the Senate was recommended by the Independent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments.

## Activity

In May 2022 together with two other senators Senator Boyer issued a report calling for a review of the convictions of 12 indigenous women, including the Quewezance sisters, and their exoneration.
In June 2022, she introduced Bill S-250 in the Senate, which would make coercing or forcing a person to be sterilized a criminal offence punishable by up to 14 years in jail.
# Beth Levin (linguist)

Beth Levin (/ləˈviːn/ lə-VEEN; born 1955) is an American linguist who is currently the William H. Bonsall Professor in the Humanities at Stanford University. Her research investigates the lexical semantics of verbs, particularly the representation of events and the kind of morphosyntactic devices that English and other languages use to express events and their participants.

## Career

She received her Ph.D. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1983 and then spent four years at the MIT Center for Cognitive Science, where she had major responsibility for the Lexicon Project.
From 1987 to 1999 she was a professor in the Department of Linguistics at Northwestern University, serving as the Department chair from 1996-1999. She joined the Stanford Department of Linguistics in September 1999 and served as the department chair there from 2003-2007 and 2010-2011. In 1999-2000 she was a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences.

## Awards and honors

* Fellow, Cognitive Science Society (2019)
* GradEd Champion, Office of the Vice Provost for Graduate Education, Stanford University (2018)
* Fellow, the Linguistic Society of America in 2014.
* Humanities and Sciences Dean's Award for Excellence in Graduate Education, Stanford University, (2013-2014)
* Fellow, John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (2008)
* Erskine Fellowship, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, (2004)
* Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (1999-2000)

## Key publications

Levin. B. and S. Pinker (eds.). 1992. Lexical and Conceptual Semantics. Blackwell.
Levin, B. 1993. English Verb Classes and Alternations: A Preliminary Investigation. University of Chicago Press.
Levin, B. and M. Rappaport Hovav. 1995. Unaccusativity: At the Syntax-Lexical Semantics Interface. (Linguistic Inquiry Monograph 26) MIT Press.
M. Rappaport Hovav and B. Levin. 2001. An event structure account of English resultatives. Language 77, 766-797. doi:10.1353/lan.2001.0221.
Levin, B. and M. Rappaport Hovav. 2005. Argument Realization. Research Surveys in Linguistics Series. Cambridge University Press.
Christopher Kennedy and Beth Levin. 2008. Measure of Change: The Adjectival Core of Degree Achievements. In: Adjectives and Adverbs: Syntax, Semantics and Discourse. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-921162-3
Levin, B. 2015. Semantics and Pragmatics of Argument Alternations. Annual Review of Linguistics 1, 63-83.
# Lin Hanying

Lin Hanying (born (1978-07-20)20 July 1978) is a retired Chinese female volleyball player. She was part of the China women's national volleyball team.
She participated in the 1997 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix.
# Yousuf Adam

Yousuf Adam Mahmoud or Yousef Adam (Arabic: يوسف آدم محمود; born 12 September 1972) is a Qatari-Somali former football player and manager. He is the first Qatari football manager to have coached in Africa. He also competed in the men's tournament at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

## Managerial career

In 2010, Adam coached Mesaimeer SC in the Qatari Second Division. Later in 2010, he coached both the Somalia national team and the Somalia Olympic team. While he was in charge of Somalia, the team participated in the 2010 CECAFA Cup. With an average squad age of 20, Somalia lost all of its group stage matches, including 0–6 against Zambia.
Adam was unveiled as the new coach of lower-tier club Al Shahaniya in February 2013. He was named as El Jaish's new head coach on 15 January 2014.
Adam was in charge of Mesaimeer SC in the 2014–15 season, helping the club win promotion from the Qatari Second Division to the Qatar Stars League for the first time in its history. He left the club in May 2015. In June 2015, he was confirmed as assistant coach of Al Ahli. On 11 November 2018, he became the manager of Al Kharaitiyat.
# Giraffe spot nudibranch

The giraffe spot nudibranch, Ancula sp., as designated by Gosliner, 1987, is a species of colourful sea slug, specifically a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Goniodorididae. As of November 2009, it remained undescribed by science.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to the South African coast and is found from the Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula to the eastern shore of False Bay in less than 15 m.

## Description

The giraffe spot nudibranch is a small (up to 20 mm) white-bodied nudibranch covered with regular brown patches and large annulate rhinophores. Its gills are yellow and brown with paired projections alongside them. Its head has several pale projections.

## Ecology

The giraffe spot nudibranch feeds on arborescent bryozoans. Its egg mass is a wavy white ribbon.
# Love an Adventure

Love an Adventure is the second studio album by Australian new wave band Pseudo Echo, released in 1985 by EMI Australia. The album peaked at No. 14 in Australia and produced three Australian top twenty singles, including "Don’t Go", which peaked at No. 4.
In 1986, the album was reissued to include the hit single "Funky Town", and in 1987, the album was released in North America with an alternate track listing.

## Background

Following the success of Autumnal Park, Pseudo Echo returned to the studio in 1985, with an altered line up. Tony Lugton and Anthony Argiro both left and joined other bands. They were replaced by brothers James Leigh and Vince Leigh (aka Vincent Dingli).

## Critical reception

In a retrospective review for AllMusic, critic Michael Sutton gave the album 4 out of 5 stars, and wrote of the album, "Their cover of Lipps Inc.'s ‘’Funkytown’’ was sadly misrepresentative of the album's stylish, hook-loaded dance rock. Pseudo Echo want people to move their feet and this album is stocked with dancefloor scorchers such as "Living in a Dream", "Listening" and the funky "Try". "Funkytown" may have given Pseudo Echo a glimpse of commercial success, but the rest of Love an Adventure proved that they were capable of more."

## Chart positions
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1985–87) | Peak position |
| Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart | 14 |
| Sweden Sverigetopplistan Albums Chart | 21 |
| US Billboard 200 Albums Chart | 57 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Platinum | 70,000$^^$ |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 50,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Personnel

* Brian Canham – lead and backing vocals, electric guitars
* Pierre Gigliotti – synthesizer, bass guitar, backing vocals
* James Leigh – keyboards, synthesizers, drum machine, sequencer, backing vocals
* Vince Leigh – acoustic drums, electronic drums, backing vocals
Additional musicians
* Alex Pertout – percussions
* James Valentine – saxophone
* Greg Flood – trombone
* Peter Salt – trumpet
# Persenga Nganjuk

Persenga stands for Persatuan Sepakbola Nganjuk (en: Football Association of Nganjuk). Persenga Nganjuk is an Indonesian football club based in Nganjuk Regency, East Java. They currently compete in the Liga 4.

## History

Persenga Nganjuk founded 1950 and under the auspices of the Regional Government of Nganjuk Regency. in 2009, Persenga Nganjuk started his career in the lowest tier of the Indonesian League, Liga Indonesia Third Division. Previously, the routine of Persenga's internal competition was always actively rolled out by PSSI Nganjuk. This is of course to find the talent of local Football player from the region. So the time came, under the leadership of Kenthong, with great enthusiasm and fighting spirit, they were promotion to Liga Indonesia Second Division in 2010. In the following season, Persenga Nganjuk is a team that deserves to be called the Black Horse, with professional players, such as Dany Saputra, Dimas Galih Gumilang, Rossian Indira, Eko Wahyu to the native son of the Trio Agung Pambudi area, they were able to get the 5th Rank title, after beating Persekap Pasuruan 2–1, and Persenga Nganjuk promoted to Liga Indonesia First Division in the 2012 season.
With the formation of supporters from Persenga Nganjuk, namely Supermania (2010) and Superultras (2012), making all management, players and club coaches more ready to provide better achievements, they have passed Division 1, as well as promotion to the 2013 Indonesian Premier Division (LPIS), they successfully entered the national round of 12, after defeating Persisum Sumbawa 3–0.

### Golden era

A new history for Persenga Nganjuk was born in 2013. They competed again in the First Division stage. Under the leadership of a successful entrepreneur in Kalimantan, Sutikno, Persenga Nganjuk took part in the 2013 Indonesian Premier Division (LPIS). Several star players such as Budi Sudarsono, Chairul Rifan, Sulis Budi Prasetyo, Lamarana Diallo, were deliberately brought in with fantastic contract prices to be able to raise football in Nganjuk. In addition, the facilities for the convenience of the players and the official team were also improved and all served professionally by the management, such as official buses, national standard players' messes to revamping stadium lights, which had to be funded by the CEO. until the 2013 Indonesian Premier Division competition ended, they managed to come out as fourth Place, and at that time lost to competing with big teams such as, PSS Sleman (1st Place), Lampung FC (2nd place), and Persitara Jakarta Utara (3rd place).

## Honours

* 2009/10 = 9th Division II
* 2010/11 = 5th Division II (Promotion to Division I)
* 2011/12 = ... Division I

## Supporter

Supermania (fullname: Supporter Persenga Mania) is supporter of Persenga Nganjuk.
# The Jewel Ornament of Liberation

The Jewel Ornament of Liberation or Ornament of Precious Liberation (Tibetan: དམ་ཆོས་ཡིད་བཞིན་གྱི་ནོར་བུ་ཐར་པ་རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་རྒྱན, Wylie: dam chos yid bzhin nor bu thar pa rin po che'i rgyan) is a key text in the Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism that is said to capture the essence of both the Kadampa and Kagyüpa lineages of Mahayana teachings. The text was written by Gampopa (1074-1153 C.E.), one of the two most important disciples of Milarepa.
Gampopa, both a Kadampa monk and Vajrayana student of the famed yogi Milarepa, based this text on Atisha's "Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment". It's a critically important text to study as a foundation for the traditional three year retreat.
Gampopa said, "For anyone who wishes to see me, studying The Jewel Ornament of Liberation and The Precious Garland of the Excellent Path is the same as meeting me." This text contains the complete form of Mahayana Buddhism—from the starting point of Buddha-nature, all the way to enlightenment.

## Outline

The text is structured around the following points:
* The primary cause: buddha nature.
* The support: precious human existence.
* The contributory cause: the spiritual teacher.
* The methods of practice.
* The result: perfect buddhahood.
* The activities of the Buddha.

## Buddha Nature

According to The Jewel Ornament, all living beings, even the smallest insects, have the potential of Buddhahood. All beings have this same essence, or Buddha nature. Gampopa presented the example of the sesame seed and sesame seed oil. Though the oil is present in the seed, there are steps to take to separate (or realize) the oil.

## Translations into English

The text by Gampopa was first translated into English by Herbert Guenther in 1959. More recent translations include the one by Khenpo Konchog Gyaltsen Rinpoche in 1998. Ken Holmes's translation, entitled Ornament of Precious Liberation, was published in 2017.

## Tibetan Text

* དམ་ཆོས་ཡིད་བཞིན་གྱི་ནོར་བུ་ཐར་པ་རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་རྒྱན་, dam chos yid bzhin gyi nor bu thar pa rin po che'i rgyan
# Echinoecus pentagonus

Echinoecus pentagonus, the sea urchin crab, is a species of crab in the family Pilumnidae found from the Red Sea and East Africa to French Polynesia and the Hawaiian Islands. This crab is a parasite that lives in the rectum of a sea urchin. In Hawaii, it chooses only Echinothrix calamaris, leaving few of these urchins unpopulated. Its curved and pointed carapace reaches only 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) in width.
Taxonomic synonyms of E. pentagonus include:
* Echinoecus klunzingeri Miyake, 1939
* Echinoecus pentagonus Rathbun, 1894
* Echinoecus rathbunae Miyake, 1939
* Eumedon convictor Bouvier & Seurat, 1906
* Eumedon pentagonus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879
* Eumedonus petiti Gravier, 1922
* Liomedon pentagonus Klunzinger, 1906
# Chin Faithes

Chin Faithes (Thai: ชิน ฝ้ายเทศ b. April 1, 1946), known professionally as Chinakorn Krailat (Thai: ชินกร ไกรลาศ), was a Thai Luk thung singer, and was named National Artist of Thailand in 1999.

## Early life

He was born in Sukhothai Province.

## Career

Beginning as a singer from "Cheer Ramwong band", he started performing on stage during the 1950s. His first album was "Luk thung Ram Luek" followed by many popular songs including "Phet Luang Nai Salam" (Thai: เพชรร่วงในสลัม), "Phet Cha Kad Jai" (Thai: เพชฌฆาตใจ), "Thee Rak Rao Rak Kan Mai Dai" (Thai: ที่รักเรารักกันไม่ได้), etc including his most popular one "Yor Yot Pra Lor" (Thai: ยอยศพระลอ).
He was awarded National Artist of Thailand award, for performing arts (International music) in 1999.
He died from colon cancer on May 18, 2017, at age 70.
# Heinrich Lossow

Heinrich Lossow (10 March 1843 in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria – 19 May 1897 in Schleissheim, Austria-Hungary) was a German genre painter and illustrator. He was a prolific pornographer in his spare time.

## Biography

Heinrich Lossow's father was Arnold Hermann Lossow, a Bremen sculptor. His father moved to Munich in 1820 to study under Ernst Mayer. In Munich, Arnold Hermann Lossow married and had three children: Carl Lossow in 1835, Friedrich Lossow in 1837, and Heinrich Lossow in 1843. The three boys had an affinity for art; Carl became a historical painter, while Friedrich became a wildlife painter. Heinrich would outlive both his siblings.
He first trained under his father but would go on to study under Karl Theodor von Piloty at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. He then traveled through France and Italy perfecting his art.
His was an illustrator for publishers, including one for an edition of William Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor.
Later in his life, he served as a curator at the Schleissheim Palace.

## Gallery

* The Game of Courtly Feigned Innocence German Comedy art
* Illustration for Glaspalast München (1883)
* Illustration for Glaspalast München (1888)
* Illustration for Glaspalast München (1890)
* Illustration for Glaspalast München (1891)
* Love Whispers (1897)
* The Sphinx and the Poet(1868)
* The Sin, an image concerning the Banquet of Chestnuts
* Part of the Her Faithful Servant series
* Part of the Her Faithful Servant series
* Part of the Her Faithful Servant series
* Part of the Her Faithful Servant series
* Part of the Her Faithful Servant series
# Agnieszka Kosmatka

Agnieszka Kosmatka (born 17 August 1978) is a retired Polish volleyball player. She was part of the Poland women's national volleyball team.
She participated in the 2007 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix.
# MPICH

MPICH, formerly known as MPICH2, is a freely available, portable implementation of MPI, a standard for message-passing for distributed-memory applications used in parallel computing. MPICH is Free and open source software with some public domain components that were developed by a US governmental organisation, and is available for most flavours of Unix-like OS (including Linux and Mac OS X).

## History

The Argonne National Laboratory and Mississippi State University jointly developed early versions (MPICH-1) as public domain software. The CH part of the name was derived from "Chameleon", which was a portable parallel programming library developed by William Gropp, one of the founders of MPICH.
The original implementation of MPICH (sometimes called "MPICH1") implemented the MPI-1.1 standard. In 2001, work began on a new code base to replace the MPICH1 code and support the MPI-2 standard. Until November 2012, this project was known as "MPICH2". As of November 2012, the MPICH2 project renamed itself to simply "MPICH". MPICH v3.0 implements the MPI-3.0 standard. MPICH v4.x implements the MPI-4.x standard.
MPICH is one of the most popular implementations of MPI. It is used as the foundation for the vast majority of MPI implementations, including IBM MPI (for Blue Gene), Intel MPI, Cray MPI, Microsoft MPI, Myricom MPI, OSU MVAPICH/MVAPICH2, and many others.

## MPICH channels

Based on ch3 infrastructure:
* Nemesis - Universal, has inter-node modules: elan, GM, IB (infiniband), MX (myrinet express), NewMadeleine, tcp; and several intra-node variants of shared memory for large messages (LMT interface).
* ssm - Sockets and Shared Memory
* shm - SHared memory
* sock - tcp/ip sockets
* sctp - experimental channel over SCTP sockets

## MPICH derivatives

* IBM (MPI for the Blue Gene series and, as an option, for x86 and POWER clusters)
* Cray (MPI for all Cray platforms)
* SiCortex (MPI SiCortex)
* Microsoft (MS-MPI)
* Intel (Intel MPI)
* Qlogic (MPICH2-PSM)
* Myricom (MPICH2-MX)
* Ohio State University (MVAPICH and MVAPICH2)
* ParTec (ParaStation MPI)
* University of British Columbia (MPICH2/SCTP, and Fine-Grain MPI (FG-MPI) which adds support for coroutines)