# List of fellows of the Royal Society P, Q, R

About 8,000 fellows have been elected to the Royal Society of London since its inception in 1660. Below is a list of people who are or were Fellow or Foreign Member of the Royal Society. The date of election to the fellowship follows the name. Dates in brackets relate to an award or event associated with the person. The Society maintains a complete online list. This list is complete up to and including 2019.
List of Fellows and Foreign Members of the Royal Society :
| A, B, C | D, E, F | G, H, I | J, K, L | M, N, O | P, Q, R | S, T, U, V | W, X, Y, Z |

## List of fellows
### P

| Name | Election date | Notes |
| Henry Butler Pacey | 4 June 1752 | - ? 1754 |
| Vassilis Pachnis | 9 May 2018 | |
| Giovan Battista Pacichelli | 16 April 1674 | c. 1634–1695 |
| Kenneth John Packer | 14 March 1991 | |
| Philip Packer | 20 May 1663 | ? June 1618 – 24 December 1686 Original |
| Camillo Paderni | 24 April 1755 | fl 1755 |
| Miles Padgett | 30 April 2014 | 1 June 1963 – |
| Frederick William Page | 16 March 1978 | 21 February 1917 – 29 May 2005 |
| Thomas Hyde Page | 10 July 1783 | 1746 – 30 June 1821 |
| Bernard Ephraim Julius Pagel | 12 March 1992 | |
| Mark Pagel | 19 May 2011 | |
| Edward Paget | 8 November 1682 | ? 1652–1703 Maths Master, Christ's Hospital |
| George Edward Paget | 12 June 1873 | 22 December 1809 – 16 January 1892 Physician |
| James Paget | 5 June 1851 | 11 January 1814 – 30 December 1899 |
| Edward George Sydney Paige | 17 March 1983 | 19 July 1930 – 20 February 2004 |
| Autar Singh Paintal | 19 March 1981 | 24 September 1925 – 21 December 2004 |
| John Somerset Pakington, 1st Baron Hampton | 17 June 1858 | 21 February 1799 – 9 April 1880 |
| Benjamin Peary Pal | 16 March 1972 | 26 May 1906 – 14 September 1989 |
| Francis Palgrave | 15 November 1821 | July 1788 – 6 July 1861 |
| Robert Harry Inglis Palgrave | 8 June 1882 | 11 June 1827 – 25 January 1919 |
| Peter Simon Pallas | 7 June 1764 | ? 22 September 1741 – ? 8 September 1811 |
| Andrew Clennel Palmer | 10 March 1994 | |
| Dudley Palmer | 22 April 1663 | c. 1617–1666 Original |
| Henry Robinson Palmer | 8 December 1831 | 1795 – 12 September 1844 |
| Jeffrey Palmer | 25 February 1720 | ? July 1700 – 25 February 1721 |
| John Roundell Palmer, 4th Earl of Selborne | 20 June 1991 | Statute |
| Roundell Palmer, 1st Earl of Selborne | 7 June 1860 | 27 November 1812 – 4 May 1895 |
| Samuel Palmer | 5 December 1728 | – 20 April 1738 |
| Thomas Palmer | 12 May 1726 | ? 1685 – ? 16 March 1735 |
| Timothy Noel Palmer | 15 May 2003 | |
| Tracy Palmer | 9 May 2018 | 8 May 1967 |
| William Finch Palmer | 18 May 1786 | fl 1786 |
| Henry Paman | 1 December 1679 | ? April 1623 – ? June 1695 |
| Roger Paman | 12 May 1743 | – 1748 |
| Giuseppe Maria Pancrazi | 15 January 1756 | fl 1756 |
| Friedrich Adolf Paneth | 20 March 1947 | 31 August 1887 – 17 September 1958 |
| Josephus de Panicis | 5 June 1740 | – 1757 |
| Carl Frederick Abel Pantin | 6 May 1937 | 30 March 1899 – 14 January 1967 |
| Martin Panzano | 11 June 1761 | - August 1775 |
| Pasquale de Paoli | 3 March 1774 | 26 April 1725 – 5 February 1807 |
| John C B Papaloizou | 15 May 2003 | |
| David Papillon | 30 June 1720 | 1691 – 26 February 1762 |
| Denis Papin | 31 December 1680 | 22 August 1647 – ? January 1712 |
| John Paradise | 2 May 1771 | April 1743 – 12 December 1795 |
| Anant Parekh | 16 April 2019 | |
| Peter Robert Parham | 16 May 2008 | |
| John Ayrton Paris | 21 June 1821 | 7 August 1785 – 4 December 1856 |
| Woodbine Parish | 4 March 1824 | 14 September 1796 – 16 August 1882 |
| Mary Parke | 16 March 1972 | 23 March 1908 – 17 July 1989 |
| David Parker | 9 May 2002 | Professor of Chemistry, Durham Univ |
| Geoffrey Alan Parker | 16 March 1989 | |
| George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield | 25 October 1722 | c. 1697 – 17 March 1764 PRS |
| George Parker, 4th Earl of Macclesfield | 5 November 1818 | 25 February 1755 – 20 March 1842 |
| Ian Parker | 16 May 2008 | Biophysicist, Univ of California |
| John Parker, 1st Baron Boringdon | 9 April 1767 | c. 1735 – 27 April 1788 |
| John Parker, 1st Earl of Morley | 26 February 1795 | 5 May 1772 – 14 March 1840 |
| Peter Joseph Jacques Parker | 18 May 2006 | |
| Robert Ladislav Parker | 16 March 1989 | |
| Samuel Parker | 13 June 1666 | 1640 – 21 March 1688 |
| Thomas Jeffery Parker | 7 June 1888 | 17 October 1850 – 7 November 1897 |
| Thomas Lister Parker | 1 June 1815 | ? 27 September 1779 – 2 March 1858 |
| Thomas Parker, 1st Earl of Macclesfield | 20 March 1712 | 23 July 1666 – 28 April 1732 |
| Thomas Parker, 3rd Earl of Macclesfield | 19 November 1747 | 3 October 1723 – 9 February 1795 |
| William Parker | 19 February 1747 | 1714 – 22 July 1802 Clergyman |
| William Kitchen Parker | 1 June 1865 | 23 June 1823 – 3 July 1890 |
| Alan Sterling Parkes | 11 May 1933 | 10 September 1900 – 17 July 1990 |
| Edmund Alexander Parkes | 6 June 1861 | 29 March 1819 – 15 March 1876 |
| Ronald John Parkes | 10 May 2011 | Geomicrobiologist |
| Julian Parkhill | 30 April 2014 | |
| Stuart Stephen Papworth Parkin | 11 May 2000 | |
| John Parkinson | 6 February 1840 | - 3 April 1847 British Consul, Mexico |
| Stephen Parkinson | 2 June 1870 | 1 August 1823 – 2 January 1889 |
| Thomas Parkinson | 23 February 1786 | 1745 – 13 November 1830 Clergyman |
| William Arthur Parks | 3 May 1934 | 11 December 1868 – 3 October 1936 |
| Thomas Parkyns, 1st Baron Rancliffe | 6 December 1787 | 1755 – 17 November 1800 |
| Bartholomew Parr | 23 March 1797 | 1750 – 20 November 1810 |
| Francis Rex Parrington | 15 March 1962 | 21 February 1905 – 17 April 1981 |
| Caleb Hillier Parry | 22 May 1800 | 21 October 1755 – 9 March 1822 Physician |
| Charles Henry Parry | 20 February 1812 | 1779 – 21 January 1860 Physician |
| William Edward Parry | 15 February 1821 | 19 December 1790 – ? 9 July 1855 |
| William Parry | 15 March 1984 | 3 July 1934 – 20 August 2006 |
| Charles Algernon Parsons | 9 June 1898 | 13 June 1854 – 11 February 1931 |
| James Parsons | 7 May 1741 | March 1705 – 4 April 1770 |
| Lawrence Parsons, 4th Earl of Rosse | 19 December 1867 | 17 November 1840 – 29 August 1908 |
| Robert Mann Parsons | 2 June 1870 | 29 September 1829 – 20 May 1897 Army surveyor |
| Roger Parsons | 20 March 1980 | |
| John Herbert Parsons | 12 May 1921 | 3 September 1868 – 7 October 1957 Eye surgeon |
| Leonard Gregory Parsons | 18 March 1948 | 25 November 1879 – 17 December 1950 Prof. of Paediatrics, Univ. of Birmingham |
| William Parsons | 22 November 1787 | – 15 January 1828 |
| William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse | 8 December 1831 | 17 June 1800 – 31 October 1867 PRS |
| Henry Partridge | 19 February 1778 | – 30 December 1803 Barrister |
| Linda Partridge | 14 March 1996 | |
| Richard Partridge | 23 February 1837 | 19 January 1805 – 25 March 1873 |
| Stanley Miles Partridge | 19 March 1970 | 2 August 1913 – 26 April 1992 |
| Donald William Pashley | 21 March 1968 | |
| Sir Charles William Pasley | 7 March 1816 | 8 September 1780 – 19 April 1861 |
| Frank Pasquill | 17 March 1977 | 8 September 1914 – 15 October 1994 |
| Giovanni Battista Passeri | 12 November 1747 | 10 November 1694 – 4 February 1780 |
| Richard Edward Passingham | 15 May 2009 | |
| Robert Paston, 1st Earl of Yarmouth | 20 May 1663 | 29 May 1631 – 8 March 1683 Original |
| William Paston, 2nd Earl of Yarmouth | 30 November 1722 | 1652 – 25 December 1732 |
| John Stewart Pate | 21 March 1985 | |
| Ketan J. Patel | 1 May 2015 | Molecular biologist |
| John Arthur Joseph Pateman | 16 March 1978 | |
| Ian Paterson [de] | 26 May 2005 | |
| Michael Stewart Paterson | 10 May 2001 | |
| Sir Clifford Copland Paterson | 19 March 1942 | 17 October 1879 – 26 July 1948 |
| William Paterson | 10 May 1798 | 17 August 1755 – 21 June 1810 |
| Diarmid Noel Paton | 7 May 1914 | 19 March 1859 – 30 September 1928 |
| Thomas Angus Lyall Paton | 20 March 1969 | 10 May 1905 – 7 April 1999 |
| William Drummond MacDonald Paton | 15 March 1956 | 5 May 1917 – 17 October 1993 Prof. of Pharmacology, Oxford Univ. |
| Archibald Patoun | 30 April 1730 | 1706–1775 |
| Gerald Pattenden | 14 March 1991 | |
| Colin Patterson | 11 March 1993 | 13 October 1933 – 9 March 1998 Palaeozoologist |
| Karalyn Patterson | 30 April 2014 | |
| Robert Patterson | 9 June 1859 | 18 April 1802 – 14 February 1872 |
| Hugh Lee Pattinson | 3 June 1852 | 25 December 1796 – 11 November 1858 |
| Robert Paul | 30 November 1716 | c. 1697 – 19 June 1762 |
| Louis Paule | 25 November 1691 | fl 1691–1702 |
| Lawrence Paulson | 5 May 2017 | |
| Frederick William Pavy | 4 June 1863 | 29 May 1829 – 19 September 1911 |
| Edward Pawlet | 3 November 1726 | - April 1768 |
| Godfrey Stuart Pawley | 12 March 1992 | |
| Joseph Lade Pawsey | 18 March 1954 | 14 May 1908 – 30 November 1962 |
| Anthony James Pawson | 10 March 1994 | |
| David Neil Payne | 12 March 1992 | |
| Michael Christopher Payne | 16 May 2008 | Prof of Computational Physics, Cavendish Lab. |
| Ralph Payne, 1st Baron Lavington | 29 April 1779 | 19 March 1738 – 3 August 1807 |
| William Payne | 9 November 1681 | 1650 – 20 February 1697 Clergyman |
| Benjamin Neeve Peach | 2 June 1892 | 6 September 1842 – 29 January 1926 |
| Henry John Peachey, 3rd Baron Selsey | 27 March 1817 | 4 September 1787 – 10 March 1838 |
| James Peachey, 1st Baron Selsey | 28 February 1782 | 9 March 1723 – 1 February 1808 |
| John Peachey, 2nd Baron Selsey | 29 May 1777 | 16 March 1749 – 27 June 1816 |
| George Peacock | 29 January 1818 | 9 April 1791 – 8 November 1858 |
| John Andrew Peacock | 17 May 2007 | |
| William James Peacock | 18 March 1982 | |
| Malcolm Peaker | 14 March 1996 | |
| John Martindale Pearce | 18 May 2006 | |
| William Pearce | 1 May 1788 | 3 December 1744 – 14 November 1820 University Administrator |
| Zachary Pearce | 30 June 1720 | 8 September 1690 – 29 June 1774 |
| Laurence Pearl | 16 May 2008 | structural biologist |
| William Harold Pearsall | 14 March 1940 | 23 July 1891 – 14 October 1964 |
| Barbara Mary Frances Pearse | 17 March 1988 | |
| Egon Sharpe Pearson | 17 March 1966 | 11 August 1895 – 12 June 1980 |
| George Pearson | 23 June 1791 | ? September 1751 – 9 November 1828 |
| Henry Harold Welch Pearson | 11 May 1916 | 28 January 1870 – 3 November 1916 |
| John Pearson | 14 March 1667 | 29 February 1613 – 16 July 1686 |
| John Pearson | 24 March 1803 | 3 January 1758 – 12 May 1826 |
| John Richard Anthony Pearson | 26 May 2005 | |
| Karl Pearson | 4 June 1896 | 27 March 1857 – 27 April 1936 |
| Edwin Pearson | 5 December 1833 | 1802 – 18 April 1883 |
| William Hyde Pearson | 9 March 1826 | – 1849 |
| William Pearson | 1 July 1819 | 23 April 1767 – 6 September 1847 |
| William Stanley Peart | 20 March 1969 | |
| Rendel Sebastian Pease | 17 March 1977 | 2 November 1922 – 17 October 2004 |
| Stanley Peat | 18 March 1948 | 23 August 1902 – 22 February 1969 |
| Samuel John Brooke Pechell | 2 February 1832 | 1 September 1785 – 3 November 1849 |
| Joannes Nicolaus Pechlin | 30 November 1688 | c. 1646 - |
| Alexander Pedler | 2 June 1892 | 21 May 1849 – 13 May 1918 |
| Timothy John Pedley | 9 March 1995 | |
| Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil | 23 November 1871 | 2 December 1825 – 5 December 1891 Royal |
| Phillip James Edwin Peebles | 18 March 1982 | |
| Robert Peel | 5 December 1822 | 6 February 1788 – 2 July 1850 |
| Christopher Pegge | 19 March 1795 | 1765 – 3 August 1822 |
| Rudolf Ernst Peierls | 22 March 1945 | 5 June 1907 – 19 September 1995 physicist |
| Jeremiah Peirce | 25 March 1742 | fl 1742–1767 |
| Joseph Sriyal Malik Peiris | 18 May 2006 | |
| Peter Peirson | 3 July 1794 | 1739 – 27 December 1808 |
| Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme | 26 October 1749 | 23 July 1693 – 17 November 1768 |
| Charles Anderson-Pelham, 1st Baron Yarborough | 8 May 1777 | 4 February 1749 – 22 September 1823 |
| Henry Pelham | 17 April 1746 | 1696 – 6 March 1754 |
| Hugh Reginald Brentnall Pelham | 17 March 1988 | 26 August 1954 – |
| Thomas Pelham, 2nd Earl of Chichester | 24 April 1800 | 28 April 1756 – 4 July 1826 |
| John Pell | 20 May 1663 | 1 March 1611 – 12 December 1685 Original |
| Thomas Pellet | 20 March 1712 | ? 1671 – 4 July 1744 |
| John Henry Pelly | 2 April 1835 | 31 March 1777 – 13 August 1852 |
| Christopher Robert Pemberton | 22 December 1796 | 1765 – 31 July 1822 |
| Francis Pemberton | 9 June 1715 | ? 1679 – 19 May 1762 Barrister |
| George Pemberton | 11 February 1813 | 15 May 1784 – 6 April 1851 |
| Henry Pemberton | 30 November 1720 | 1694 – 9 March 1771 |
| Josephine Pemberton | 5 May 2017 | |
| Marcus Seymour Pembrey | 11 May 1922 | 28 May 1868 – 23 July 1934 |
| Edward William Wynne Pendarves | 24 May 1827 | 6 April 1775 – 26 June 1853 |
| John Brian Pendry | 15 March 1984 | |
| Wilder Graves Penfield | 18 March 1943 | 26 January 1891 – 5 April 1976 |
| William Pengelly | 4 June 1863 | 12 January 1812 – 16 March 1894 |
| Howard Latimer Penman | 15 March 1962 | 10 April 1909 – 15 October 1984 |
| John Penn | 9 June 1859 | 1805 – 23 September 1878 |
| Richard Penn | 18 November 1824 | 1784 – 21 April 1863 |
| William Penn | 13 November 1806 | fl 1806 |
| William Penn | 9 November 1681 | 14 October 1644 – 30 July 1718 |
| David Pennant | 15 November 1792 | – 1841 |
| Thomas Pennant | 26 February 1767 | 14 June 1726 – 16 December 1798 |
| Richard Penneck | 14 April 1768 | 1728 – 29 January 1803 |
| Montague Mattinson Pennell | 20 March 1980 | 20 March 1916 – 30 December 1981 |
| William George Penney, Baron Penney of East Hendred | 21 March 1946 | 24 June 1909 – 3 March 1991 |
| Colin James Pennycuick | 15 March 1990 | |
| Francis Cranmer Penrose | 7 June 1894 | 29 October 1817 – 15 February 1903 |
| Lionel Sharples Penrose | 19 March 1953 | 11 June 1898 – 12 May 1972 |
| Oliver Penrose | 19 March 1987 | |
| Roger Penrose | 16 March 1972 | |
| Henry Penton | 16 November 1780 | c. 1737 – 15 January 1812 |
| Michael Pepper | 17 March 1983 | |
| John Christopher Pepusch | 13 June 1745 | 1667 – 20 July 1752 |
| Mark Brian Pepys | 14 May 1998 | |
| Samuel Pepys | 15 February 1665 | 24 February 1633 – 26 May 1703, President of the Royal Society (1684–1686) |
| Lucas Pepys | 9 November 1780 | 26 May 1742 – 17 June 1830 |
| William Haseldine Pepys | 28 January 1808 | 23 March 1775 – 17 August 1856 |
| John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont | 21 June 1764 | 25 February 1711 – ? 20 December 1770 |
| Ian Colin Percival | 21 March 1985 | Physicist, London Univ. |
| John Perceval, 1st Earl of Egmont | 3 December 1701 | 12 July 1683 – 1 May 1748 |
| Thomas Percival | 7 March 1765 | 29 September 1740 – 30 August 1804 |
| Thomas Percival | 25 November 1756 | 1 September 1719 – December 1762 Antiquarian |
| John Percivale | 6 April 1681 | 22 August 1660 – 29 April 1686 |
| Philip Percivale | 18 February 1675 | 12 January 1656 – 11 September 1680 |
| Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland | 9 April 1818 | 16 December 1792 – ? 15 February 1865 |
| Henry George Percy, 7th Duke of Northumberland | 22 November 1900 | 29 May 1846 – 14 May 1918 |
| Hugh Algernon Percy, 10th Duke of Northumberland | 28 May 1970 | 7 April 1914 – 11 October 1988 Statute |
| Hugh Percy, 1st Duke of Northumberland | 10 June 1736 | 1715 – 6 June 1786 |
| Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland | 6 March 1788 | 28 August 1742 – 10 July 1817 |
| Hugh Percy, 3rd Duke of Northumberland | 1 May 1823 | ? 20 April 1785 – ? 12 February 1847 |
| John Percy | 22 April 1847 | 23 March 1817 – 19 June 1889 Metallurgist |
| Hélio Gelli Pereira | 15 March 1973 | 23 September 1918 – 16 August 1994 |
| Jacob Rodrigue Pereira | 24 January 1760 | 11 April 1715 – 15 September 1780 |
| Jonathan Pereira | 3 May 1838 | 22 May 1804 – 20 January 1853 |
| Herbert Charles Pereira | 20 March 1969 | 12 May 1913 – 19 December 2004 |
| Pedro Alonzo Perez de Guzman, Duke of Medina-Sidonia | 9 November 1749 | 1724–1779 |
| Richard Nelson Perham | 15 March 1984 | |
| Arthur George Perkin | 11 June 1903 | 13 December 1861 – 30 May 1937 |
| William Henry Perkin | 7 June 1866 | 12 March 1838 – 14 July 1907 |
| William Henry Perkin, Jr. | 5 June 1890 | 17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929 |
| Donald Hill Perkins | 17 March 1966 | |
| Edwin Arend Perkins | 17 May 2007 | |
| Peter Perkins | 5 February 1680 | – 1680 |
| Robert Cyril Layton Perkins | 13 May 1920 | 15 November 1866 – 29 September 1955 |
| William Philp Perrin | 28 May 1772 | c. 1742 – 29 April 1820 |
| Christopher Miles Perrins | 15 May 1997 | |
| Jean-Rodolphe Perronet | 3 April 1788 | 9 October 1708 – 27 February 1794 |
| John Perry | 4 June 1885 | 15 February 1850 – 4 August 1920 |
| Samuel Victor Perry | 21 March 1974 | |
| Stephen Joseph Perry | 4 June 1874 | 26 August 1833 – 27 December 1889 |
| Walter Laing Macdonald Perry, Baron Perry of Walton | 21 March 1985 | 16 January 1921 – 16 July 2003 |
| William Perry | 30 November 1678 | c. 1650 – September 1696 clergyman |
| William Persall | 20 May 1663 | 7 October 1601 – Original |
| Geoffrey James Pert | 9 March 1995 | |
| Max Ferdinand Perutz | 18 March 1954 | 19 May 1914 – 6 February 2002, chemist, Nobel Prize (1962) |
| Robin Noel Perutz | 20 May 2010 | |
| Joseph Ernest Petavel | 2 May 1907 | 14 August 1873 – 31 March 1936 |
| Norman James Petch | 21 March 1974 | 14 February 1917 – 9 December 1992 |
| Julian Peto | 16 April 2019 | |
| David Keith Peters | 9 March 1995 | |
| Rudolph Albert Peters | 16 May 1935 | 13 April 1889 – 29 January 1982 |
| Ole Holger Petersen | 11 May 2000 | |
| John Bernard Pethica | 13 May 1999 | |
| Jean Louis Petit | 6 November 1729 | 13 March 1674 – 20 April 1750 |
| John Lewis Petit | 22 November 1759 | 1736 – 27 May 1780 |
| Louis Hayes Petit | 10 December 1807 | ? 1774 – 13 November 1849 |
| Pierre Petit | 4 April 1667 | ? 8 December 1594 – 20 August 1677 Physicist, Astronomer |
| James Petiver | 27 November 1695 | 1663 – 2 April 1718 |
| Charles Petley | 22 February 1753 | c. 1715 – July 1765 |
| Richard Peto | 16 March 1989 | epidemiologist |
| Robert Edward Petre, 9th Baron Petre | 6 April 1780 | c. February 1742 – 2 July 1801 |
| Robert James Petre, 8th Baron Petre | 28 October 1731 | 3 June 1713 – 2 July 1742 |
| William Henry Francis Petre, 11th Baron Petre | 6 March 1817 | 22 January 1793 – 3 July 1850 |
| William Matthew Flinders Petrie | 5 June 1902 | 3 June 1853 – 28 July 1942 |
| William Petrie | 19 November 1795 | fl 1795–1820 |
| Michael Petrides | 19 April 2012 | |
| Peter Pett | 20 May 1663 | 6 August 1610 – ? 1672 Original |
| Peter Pett | 20 May 1663 | ? October 1630 – 1 April 1699 Original Lawyer |
| David Godfrey Pettifor | 10 March 1994 | |
| James Bell Pettigrew | 4 June 1868 | 26 May 1834 – 30 January 1908 |
| John Douglas Pettigrew | 19 March 1987 | |
| Thomas Joseph Pettigrew | 1 February 1827 | 28 October 1791 – 23 November 1865 |
| Max Pettini | 20 May 2010 | |
| Roger Pettiward | 23 November 1815 | fl 1815–1832 |
| Roger Pettiward | 20 March 1755 | – 18 April 1774 |
| John Pettus | 19 August 1663 | c. 1613 – ? July 1685 |
| Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne | 4 April 1811 | 2 July 1780 – 31 January 1863 |
| Henry Petty, 1st Earl of Shelburne | 30 November 1696 | 22 October 1675 – 17 April 1751 |
| James Petty | 6 June 1771 | - 4 July 1822 |
| William Petty | 28 November 1660 | 26 May 1623 – 16 December 1687 |
| Jean Andre Peysonnel | 5 February 1756 | 19 June 1694 – ? 23 December 1758 |
| Simon Peyton-Jones | 29 April 2016 | 18 January 1958 |
| Wilhelm Friedrich Philipp Pfeffer | 25 November 1897 | 9 March 1845 – 31 January 1920 |
| Leonard Bessemer Pfeil | 15 March 1951 | 14 March 1898 – 16 February 1969 |
| Baron Pfutschner | 23 March 1732 | fl 1732–1752 |
| John Delafield Phelps | 15 June 1815 | c. 1765 – 19 December 1843 Barrister and antiquarian |
| Alexander Philip Wilson Philip | 11 May 1826 | 15 October 1770 – ? 1851 |
| Philip Duke of Edinburgh, consort of Queen Elizabeth II | 3 May 1951 | Statute |
| James Charles Philip | 12 May 1921 | 13 February 1873 – 6 August 1941 |
| John Robert Philip | 21 March 1974 | 18 January 1927 – 26 June 1999 |
| Erasmus Philipps | 15 February 1727 | 8 November 1699 – 15 October 1743 MP for Haverfordwest |
| John Philipps | 23 December 1742 | 1701 – 23 June 1764 MP for Carmarthen, etc. |
| Joseph Phillimore | 13 February 1840 | 14 September 1775 – 24 January 1855 |
| Thomas Phillipps | 20 April 1820 | 2 July 1792 – 6 February 1872 |
| Benjamin Phillips | 18 December 1834 | 1805 – 11 June 1861 surgeon |
| Charles Phillips | 5 March 1829 | – 1840 Captain, Royal Navy |
| Charles Garrett Phillips | 21 March 1963 | 13 October 1916 – 9 September 1994 |
| David Phillips | 1 May 2015 | 1939 - Chemist |
| David Chilton Phillips, Baron Phillips of Ellesmere | 16 March 1967 | 8 March 1924 – 23 February 1999 |
| John Phillips | 10 April 1834 | 25 December 1800 – 24 April 1874 |
| John Arthur Phillips | 2 June 1881 | 19 February 1822 – 4 January 1887 |
| John Guest Phillips | 19 March 1981 | 13 June 1933 – 14 March 1987 |
| Owen Martin Phillips | 21 March 1968 | 30 December 1930 – 13 October 2010 Earth Scientist, John Hopkins |
| Richard Phillips | 14 March 1822 | 1778 – 11 May 1851 |
| Thomas Phillips | 28 January 1819 | 18 October 1770 – 20 April 1845 |
| William Phillips | 15 November 1827 | 10 May 1775 – 2 April 1828 |
| Augustus Phipps | 5 March 1812 | 1762–1826 |
| Constantine Phipps, 2nd Baron Mulgrave | 12 December 1771 | May 1744 – 10 October 1792 |
| Giuseppe Piazzi | 12 April 1804 | 16 July 1746 – 22 July 1826 |
| Octavius Pickard-Cambridge | 9 June 1887 | 3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917 |
| Robert Howson Pickard | 3 May 1917 | 27 September 1874 – 18 October 1949 |
| Thomas Gerald Pickavance | 18 March 1976 | 19 October 1915 – 12 November 1991 |
| Percival Spencer Umfreville Pickering | 5 June 1890 | 6 March 1858 – 5 December 1920 |
| Roger Pickering | 10 May 1744 | c. 1720 – 18 May 1755 |
| George White Pickering | 24 March 1960 | 26 June 1904 – 3 September 1980 |
| Jeremy David Pickett-Heaps | 9 March 1995 | |
| George Richard Pickett | 15 May 1997 | |
| John Anthony Pickett | 14 March 1996 | |
| Lillian Mary Pickford | 17 March 1966 | 14 August 1902 – 14 August 2002 |
| Marie Joseph Louis d'Albert d'Ailly Picquigny | 15 March 1764 | 1741–1793 |
| Marc-Auguste Pictet | 5 May 1791 | 23 July 1752 – 19 April 1825 |
| Henry Pierrepont, 1st Marquess of Dorchester | 20 May 1663 | March 1607 – December 1680 Original |
| Arthur Leary Piggott | 18 January 1787 | 19 October 1749 – 6 September 1819 Barrister and MP |
| Jacobus Pighius | 29 April 1680 | 1647 – ? December 1682 |
| Thomas Pigot | 18 December 1679 | 1657 – 14 August 1686 |
| Granado Pigott | 2 June 1774 | – 18 September 1802 |
| Nathaniel Pigott | 16 January 1772 | 1725 – 30 May 1804 |
| Edward Roy Pike | 19 March 1981 | |
| Jonathan Solomon Pila | 1 May 2015 | 1962 - Mathematician |
| Henry Guy Ellcock Pilgrim | 18 March 1943 | 24 December 1875 – 15 September 1943 Palaeontologist |
| Lionel Alexander Bethune Pilkington | 20 March 1969 | 7 January 1920 – 5 May 1995 |
| Colin Trevor Pillinger | 11 March 1993 | |
| Jonathon Pines | 29 April 2016 | Biologist |
| Alfred John Sutton Pippard | 18 March 1954 | 6 April 1891 – 2 November 1969 |
| Alfred Brian Pippard | 15 March 1956 | |
| Norman Wingate Pirie | 17 March 1949 | 1 July 1907 – 29 March 1997 |
| David Pitcairn | 11 April 1782 | 1 May 1749 – 17 April 1809 |
| William Pitcairn | 10 May 1770 | 1711 – 25 November 1791 |
| Alexander Pitfeild | 19 November 1684 | ? 5 May 1658 – 19 October 1728 |
| Henri Pitot | 13 November 1740 | 31 May 1695 – 27 December 1771 |
| Augustus Henry Lane Fox Pitt-Rivers | 1 June 1876 | 14 April 1827 – 4 May 1900 |
| Rosalind Venetia Pitt-Rivers | 18 March 1954 | 4 March 1907 – 14 January 1990 |
| John Pitt | 9 November 1775 | ? 1706–1787 |
| Robert Pitt | 20 December 1682 | 1653 – ? 13 January 1713 |
| Harry Raymond Pitt | 21 March 1957 | 3 June 1914 – 8 October 2005 |
| William Morton Pitt | 25 January 1787 | 17 May 1754 – 28 February 1836 MP for Poole & Dorset |
| William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham | 26 January 1744 | 15 November 1708 – 11 May 1778 |
| Andrew Joseph Planta | 15 March 1770 | – 1773 |
| Joseph Planta | 17 February 1774 | 22 February 1744 – 3 December 1827 (Librarian) |
| Harry Hemley Plaskett | 7 May 1936 | 5 July 1893 – 26 January 1980 |
| John Stanley Plaskett | 3 May 1923 | 17 November 1865 – 17 October 1941 |
| Joshua Platt | 23 December 1762 | c. 1696 – 26 December 1776 |
| Trevor Charles Platt | 14 May 1998 | |
| Thomas Alexander Evelyn Platts-Mills | 20 May 2010 | |
| Thomas Player | 27 November 1673 | – 14 January 1686 |
| John Playfair | 5 February 1807 | 10 March 1748 – 20 July 1819 |
| Lyon Playfair, 1st Baron Playfair | 9 June 1848 | 21 May 1818 – 29 May 1898 |
| Edward Pleydell-Bouverie | 19 February 1863 | 26 April 1818 – 16 December 1889 |
| Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 2nd Earl of Radnor | 12 February 1795 | 4 March 1750 – 27 January 1828 |
| Henry George Plimmer | 5 May 1910 | 29 January 1856 – 22 June 1918 |
| Robert Plot | 6 December 1677 | ? December 1640 – 30 April 1696 |
| Gordon David Plotkin | 12 March 1992 | |
| William Henry Chicheley Plowden | 15 April 1847 | ? 21 April 1787 – 29 March 1880 |
| Walter Plowright | 19 March 1981 | 23 July 1923 – 19 February 2010 Microbiologist |
| Raymond Alan Plumb | 14 May 1998 | |
| Thomas Plumer | 6 March 1794 | 10 October 1753 – 24 March 1824 |
| Henry Crozier Keating Plummer | 13 May 1920 | 24 October 1875 – 30 September 1946 |
| Henry Plumptre | 1 December 1707 | – 26 November 1746 |
| Horace Curzon Plunkett | 19 June 1902 | 24 October 1854 – 26 March 1932 |
| Thomas Pockley | 11 September 1661 | – 1661 Original |
| Henry Cabourn Pocklington | 2 May 1907 | 28 January 1870 – 15 May 1952 |
| Reginald Innes Pocock | 4 May 1911 | 4 March 1863 – 9 August 1947 |
| George Pocock | 10 March 1791 | 15 October 1765 – 14 July 1840 MP Bridgwater |
| Thomas Pocock | 22 February 1727 | 15 June 1672–1745 Clergyman |
| Richard Pococke | 11 February 1742 | 1704 – September 1765 |
| Marcin Odlanicki Poczobutt | 30 May 1771 | 31 October 1728 – 8 February 1810 |
| Joseph Louis de Podmaniczky | 8 June 1780 | 29 July 1756 – 11 May 1823 |
| Siméon Denis Poisson | 12 March 1818 | 21 June 1781 – 25 April 1840 |
| Pierre Isaac Poissonnier | 2 June 1774 | 5 July 1720 – 15 September 1798 Physician and Chemist |
| Paul Emanuel Polani | 15 March 1973 | |
| John Charles Polanyi | 18 March 1971 | chemist, Nobel Prize (1986) |
| Michael Polanyi | 16 March 1944 | 13 March 1891 – 22 February 1976, chemist and philosopher |
| Reginald Pole-Carew | 24 April 1788 | 28 July 1753 – 3 January 1835 |
| Charles Morice Pole | 29 May 1800 | 18 January 1757 – 6 September 1830 |
| William Pole | 6 June 1861 | 22 April 1814 – 30 December 1900 |
| William Pole | 9 April 1829 | 6 July 1798 – 29 July 1884 Barrister |
| Giovanni, Marquis Poleni | 30 November 1710 | 23 August 1683 – ? 14 November 1761 |
| Richard Poley | 15 April 1725 | – 23 January 1770 |
| Ernest John Christopher Polge | 17 March 1983 | 16 August 1926 – 17 August 2006 |
| Joseph Poli | 6 May 1779 | ? 24 October 1746 – 7 April 1825 |
| Martyn Poliakoff | 9 May 2002 | |
| John Charlton Polkinghorne | 21 March 1974 | |
| James Arthur Pollock | 11 May 1916 | 17 November 1865 – 24 May 1922 |
| Martin Rivers Pollock | 15 March 1962 | 10 December 1914 – 21 December 1999 |
| David Pollock | 9 April 1829 | 2 September 1780 – 22 May 1847 |
| Jonathan Frederick Pollock | 29 February 1816 | 23 September 1783 – 23 August 1870 |
| Allan Pollok | 22 January 1767 | – 1803 |
| Arthur Pond | 28 May 1752 | c. 1705 – 9 September 1758 Portrait Painter |
| John Pond | 26 February 1807 | 1767 – 7 September 1836 |
| Bruce Anthony John Ponder | 10 May 2001 | |
| Michael Poniatowski | 31 March 1791 | 1736 – 12 August 1794 Royal |
| Stanislaus Augustus Pontiatowski, King of Poland | 11 December 1766 | 1733 – 12 February 1798 Royal Fellow |
| William Francis Spencer Ponsonby, 1st Baron de Mauley | 2 February 1832 | 31 July 1787 – 16 May 1855 |
| Guido Pontecorvo | 17 March 1955 | 29 November 1907 – 25 September 1999 |
| Edward Poore | 9 July 1772 | 1745–1803 |
| William Jackson Pope | 5 June 1902 | ? 31 March 1870 – 17 October 1939 |
| Stephen Bailey Pope | 17 May 2007 | |
| Walter Pope | 20 May 1663 | c. 1627 – 25 June 1714 Original |
| Sandu Popescu | 4 May 2017 | |
| Home Riggs Popham | 18 April 1799 | 12 October 1762 – 10 September 1820 |
| George Joseph Popjak | 16 March 1961 | 5 May 1914 – 30 December 1998 |
| John Anthony Pople | 16 March 1961 | 31 October 1925 – 15 March 2004 |
| Karl Raimund Popper | 17 June 1976 | 29 July 1902 – 17 September 1994 Statute, philosopher of science |
| Henry Popple | 28 April 1737 | – 27 September 1743 |
| Robert Porrett | 9 June 1848 | 22 September 1783 – 25 November 1868 |
| Alfred William Porter | 4 May 1911 | 12 November 1863 – 11 January 1939 |
| George Richardson Porter | 18 January 1838 | 29 June 1790 – 3 September 1852 |
| George Porter, Baron Porter of Luddenham | 24 March 1960 | 6 December 1920 – 31 August 2002 |
| Helen Kemp Porter | 15 March 1956 | 10 November 1899 – 7 December 1987 |
| James Porter | 11 May 1749 | 1710 – 9 December 1776 Diplomat and mathematician |
| Rodney Robert Porter | 19 March 1964 | 8 October 1917 – 6 September 1985 |
| Joseph Ellison Portlock | 8 June 1837 | 30 September 1794 – 14 February 1864 |
| Sir William Portman, 6th Baronet | 28 December 1664 | 5 September 1643 – 20 March 1690 |
| Benito de Moura Portuga | 5 February 1741 | 1702–1776 |
| Adrian Frank Posnette | 18 March 1971 | 11 January 1914 – 17 July 2004 |
| George Henry Poste | 15 May 1997 | |
| John Raymond Postgate | 17 March 1977 | Microbiologist |
| James Postlethwayt | 7 February 1754 | - 6 September 1761 |
| Percivall Pott | 5 April 1764 | 6 January 1714 – 22 December 1788 |
| Edmund Potter | 5 June 1856 | 1802 – 26 October 1883 |
| Francis Potter | 18 March 1663 | 29 May 1594 – April 1678 |
| Thomas Potter | 16 December 1784 | 1740 – 14 November 1801 |
| John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulett | 29 January 1713 | ? 1668 – 28 May 1743 |
| Edward Bagnall Poulton | 6 June 1889 | 27 January 1856 – 20 November 1943 |
| James Pound | 20 December 1699 | 1669 – 16 November 1724 |
| Kenneth Alwyne Pounds | 19 March 1981 | |
| Thomas Povey | 20 May 1663 | c. 1615 – c. 1702 Original |
| Alan Richard Powell | 19 March 1953 | 6 March 1894 – 11 October 1975 |
| Baden Powell | 13 May 1824 | 22 August 1796 – 11 June 1860 |
| Cecil Frank Powell | 17 March 1949 | 5 December 1903 – 9 August 1969 |
| Herbert Marcus Powell | 19 March 1953 | 7 August 1906 – 10 March 1991 |
| Michael James David Powell | 17 March 1983 | |
| Roger Powell | 1 May 2015 | 14/06/1949- Professor of Earth Sciences |
| Thomas Philip Stroud Powell | 16 March 1978 | 14 July 1923 – 8 February 1996 |
| William Samuel Powell | 16 February 1764 | 27 September 1717 – 19 January 1775 |
| Henry Power | 1 July 1663 | 1623 – 23 December 1668 |
| Philip Power | 26 May 2005 | |
| William Henry Power | 13 June 1895 | 15 December 1842 – 28 July 1916 |
| Henry Powle | 20 May 1663 | ? October 1630 – 21 November 1692 Original |
| Richard Powle | 20 May 1663 | ? July 1628 – ? July 1678 Original |
| Thomas Pownall | 9 April 1772 | 1723 – 25 February 1805 |
| Fiona Margaret Powrie | 19 May 2011 | |
| Littleton Powys | 30 November 1724 | c. 1648 – 16 March 1732 |
| John Henry Poynting | 7 June 1888 | 9 September 1852 – 30 March 1914 |
| David Prain | 11 May 1905 | 11 July 1857 – 16 March 1944 |
| Ghillean Tolmie Prance | 11 March 1993 | |
| Benjamin Pratt | 7 April 1708 | - 3 May 1715 Curate |
| Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden | 8 April 1742 | ? March 1714 – 18 April 1794 |
| John Henry Pratt | 7 June 1866 | 4 June 1809 – 28 December 1871 |
| Samuel Peace Pratt | 27 January 1842 | 6 November 1789 – 22 September 1863 |
| William Henry Preece | 2 June 1881 | 16 February 1834 – 6 November 1913 |
| David Preiss | 27 May 2004 | |
| Vladimir Prelog | 3 May 1962 | 23 July 1906 – 6 January 1998 |
| Colin Prentice | 9 May 2018 | 1952 |
| James Arthur Prescott | 15 March 1951 | 8 October 1890 – 6 February 1987 |
| Jacob Preston | 17 June 1773 | – 23 October 1787 |
| Reginald Dawson Preston | 18 March 1954 | 21 July 1908 – 3 May 2000 |
| Thomas Preston | 9 June 1898 | 23 May 1860 – 7 March 1900 |
| William Preston | 25 June 1778 | – 19 April 1789 Bishop of Leighlin and Ferns |
| Joseph Prestwich | 2 June 1853 | 12 March 1812 – 23 June 1896 |
| Bartholomew Price | 3 June 1852 | 14 May 1818 – 29 December 1898 |
| James Price | 10 May 1781 | 1752 – ? 8 August 1783 |
| Richard Price | 5 December 1765 | 24 February 1723 – 19 April 1791 |
| Richard Parry Price | 3 May 1781 | 1738 – 14 May 1782 |
| Sarah (Sally) Price | 5 May 2017 | |
| Thomas Slater Price | 15 May 1924 | 24 August 1875 – 29 October 1949 Physical chemist |
| William Price | 22 March 1753 | fl 1752–1771 |
| William Charles Price | 19 March 1959 | 1 April 1909 – 10 March 1993 |
| William Geraint Price | 17 March 1988 | |
| James Cowles Prichard | 8 February 1827 | 12 February 1786 – ? 23 December 1848 |
| Benjamin Prideaux | 11 December 1746 | – 22 July 1795 |
| Eric Ronald Priest | 9 May 2002 | |
| Charles Henry Brian Priestley | 16 March 1967 | 8 July 1915 – 18 May 1998 |
| Joseph Priestley | 12 June 1766 | 14 March 1733 – 6 February 1804 |
| Samuel Prime | 21 March 1776 | fl 1776–1788 |
| Archibald John Primrose, 4th Earl of Rosebery | 1 April 1819 | 14 October 1783 – 4 March 1868 |
| Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | 10 June 1886 | 7 May 1847 – 21 May 1929 |
| John William Sutton Pringle | 18 March 1954 | 22 July 1912 – 2 November 1982 |
| Robert Pringle | 28 April 1785 | – 17 June 1793 |
| John Pringle | 31 October 1745 | 10 April 1707 – 18 January 1782 |
| James Prinsep | 20 November 1828 | 1799 – 22 April 1840 |
| George Thurland Prior | 2 May 1912 | 16 December 1862 – 8 March 1936 |
| Matthew Prior | 23 March 1698 | 21 July 1664 – 18 September 1721 |
| Charles Pritchard | 6 February 1840 | 30 February 1808 – 28 May 1893 |
| Joseph Privat de Molières | 16 January 1729 | 1677 – 12 May 1742 |
| Henry Proby | 20 May 1663 | fl 1646–1664 Original |
| John Joshua Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort | 4 February 1779 | 12 August 1751 – 7 April 1828 |
| Henry Richardson Procter | 3 May 1923 | 6 May 1848 – 17 August 1927 |
| Michael Richard Edward Proctor | 18 May 2006 | |
| James I. Prosser | 29 April 2016 | Ecologist |
| Nicholas Jarvis Proudfoot | 26 May 2005 | |
| Joseph Proudman | 7 May 1925 | 30 December 1888 – 26 June 1975 |
| William Prout | 11 March 1819 | 15 January 1785 – 9 April 1850 |
| Maurice Henry Lecorney Pryce | 15 March 1951 | 24 January 1913 – 24 July 2003 |
| Abraham de la Pryme | 18 March 1702 | 15 January 1672 – 13 June 1704 |
| Richard John Puddephatt | 14 May 1998 | |
| William John Pugh | 15 March 1951 | 28 July 1892 – 18 March 1974 |
| Alfred Grenville Pugsley | 20 March 1952 | 13 May 1903 – 7 March 1998 |
| Moise Pujolas | 18 December 1695 | - ? 1729 |
| Richard Pulteney | 25 November 1762 | 18 February 1730 – 13 October 1801 |
| William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath | 15 November 1744 | 22 March 1684 – ? 8 July 1764 |
| Richard Julius Pumphrey | 16 March 1950 | 3 September 1906 – 25 August 1967 |
| Reginald Crundall Punnett | 2 May 1912 | 20 June 1875 – 3 January 1967 |
| Thomas Purdie | 13 June 1895 | 27 January 1843 – 14 December 1916 |
| Apollon Moussin Puschkin | 14 November 1799 | 1760 – 1805 |
| Peter Nicholas Pusey | 14 March 1996 | |
| Philip Pusey | 27 May 1830 | 25 June 1799 – 9 July 1855 |
| Henry Putman | 8 January 1767 | - 1 March 1797 |
| Philip Henry Pye-Smith | 4 June 1886 | 30 August 1839 – 23 May 1914 |
| David Randall Pye | 6 May 1937 | 30 April 1886 – 20 February 1960 |
| Sir Robert Pye | 11 January 1727 | c. 1696 – 23 May 1734 Clergyman/Baronet |
| John Adrian Pyle | 27 May 2004 | |
| Frank Lee Pyman | 11 May 1922 | 9 April 1882 – 1 January 1944 |

### Q

| Name | Election date | Notes |
| Richard Quain | 29 February 1844 | July 1800 – 15 September 1887 |
| Sir Richard Quain | 8 June 1871 | 30 October 1816 – 13 March 1898 |
| Juda Hirsch Quastel | 14 March 1940 | 2 October 1899 – 16 October 1987, biochemist |
| William Quatremain | 20 May 1663 | c. 1618 – ? June 1667 Original |
| John Rodney Quayle | 16 March 1978 | |
| John Thomas Quekett | 7 June 1860 | 11 August 1815 – 20 August 1861 |
| François Quesnay | 28 May 1752 | ? 4 June 1694 – ? 16 December 1774 |
| Terence John Quinn | 9 May 2002 | |

### R

| Name | Election date | Notes |
| Terence Howard Rabbitts | 19 March 1987 | |
| Benton Seymour Rabinovitch | 19 March 1987 | 19 February 1919 – 2 August 2014 chemist |
| Robert Russell Race | 20 March 1952 | 28 November 1907 – 15 April 1984 geneticist |
| Thomas Rackett | 17 February 1803 | 1756 – 29 November 1840 |
| George Karoly Radda | 20 March 1980 | |
| Sheena Radford | 30 April 2014 | |
| Richard Rado | 16 March 1978 | 28 April 1906 – 23 December 1989, combinatorics, graph theory |
| John Rae | 3 June 1880 | 30 September 1813 – 22 July 1893 |
| Martin Charles Raff | 21 March 1985 | |
| Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles | 20 March 1817 | ? 5 July 1781 – 5 July 1826 |
| Michael Augustine Raftery | 20 March 1986 | |
| Madabusi Santanam Raghunathan | 11 May 2000 | |
| Atta ur Rahman | 18 May 2006 | |
| Matthew Raine | 17 February 1803 | 20 May 1760 – 17 September 1811 |
| Reginald Charles Rainey | 20 March 1975 | 18 June 1913 – 18 January 1990 |
| Peter Rainger | 18 March 1982 | |
| John Spratt Rainier | 28 January 1819 | – 13 November 1822 |
| Charles Rainsford | 13 May 1779 | 4 February 1728 – 24 May 1809 |
| Geoffrey Raisman | 10 May 2001 | |
| Harold Raistrick | 3 May 1934 | 26 November 1890 – 8 March 1971 |
| Gopalasamudram Narayana Ramachandran | 17 March 1977 | 8 October 1922 – 7 April 2001 |
| Robert Ramage | 12 March 1992 | Chemist |
| Tiruppattur Venkatachalamurti Ramakrishnan | 11 May 2000 | |
| Lalita Ramakrishnan | 9 May 2018 | 1959 – |
| Venkatraman Ramakrishnan | 15 May 2003 | |
| Vulimiri Ramalingaswami | 20 March 1986 | 8 August 1921 – 28 May 2001 |
| Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman | 15 May 1924 | 7 November 1888 – 21 November 1970, Nobel Laureate in physics (1929) President |
| Srinivasa Aaiyangar Ramanujan | 2 May 1918 | 22 December 1887 – 26 April 1920 |
| Sriram Ramaswamy | 29 April 2016 | Biological physicist |
| Arthur Alcock Rambaut | 14 June 1900 | 21 September 1859 – 14 October 1923 |
| Andrew Crombie Ramsay | 7 June 1849 | 31 January 1814 – 9 December 1891 |
| Andrew Michael Ramsay | 11 December 1729 | 9 July 1686 – 6 May 1743 |
| Donald Allan Ramsay | 16 March 1978 | |
| James Arthur Ramsay | 17 March 1955 | 6 September 1909 – 4 February 1988 Zoologist, Cambridge UNiv. |
| John G. Ramsay | 15 March 1973 | |
| William Ramsay | 7 June 1888 | 2 October 1852 – 23 July 1916 |
| John Ramsbottom | 24 June 1819 | - 8 October 1845 |
| Jesse Ramsden | 12 January 1786 | 6 October 1735 – 5 November 1800 |
| John Ranby | 30 November 1724 | 1703 – 28 August 1773 |
| Isaac Rand | 5 November 1719 | 1674–1743 |
| John Turton Randall | 21 March 1946 | 23 March 1905 – 16 June 1984 |
| Philip John Randle | 17 March 1983 | 16 July 1926 – 26 September 2006 |
| John Randolph, Bishop of London | 19 December 1811 | 6 July 1749 – 28 July 1813 |
| Mark Felton Randolph | 19 May 2011 | |
| Humphrey Peter Rang | 20 March 1980 | |
| Alexander Oliver Rankine | 3 May 1934 | 8 December 1881 – ? 19 January 1956 |
| William John Macquorn Rankine | 2 June 1853 | 5 July 1820 – 24 December 1872 |
| William Henry Ransom | 2 June 1870 | 19 November 1824 – 16 April 1907 Physician and Geologist |
| Arthur Ransome | 12 June 1884 | 12 February 1834 – 25 July 1922 |
| Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao | 16 March 1967 | |
| Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao | 18 March 1982 | 1934- |
| Henry Stanley Raper | 2 May 1929 | 5 March 1882 – 12 December 1951 |
| Matthew Raper | 30 May 1754 | – 1778 |
| Matthew Raper | 6 March 1783 | 1742 – 26 November 1826 Antiquarian |
| Ralph Alexander Raphael | 15 March 1962 | 1 January 1921 – 27 April 1998 |
| Joseph Raphson | 30 November 1689 | - ? 1716 |
| John G. Rarity | 1 May 2015 | Professor of optical communication systems |
| Philip Rashleigh | 29 May 1788 | 28 December 1729 – 26 June 1811, mineralogist |
| William Rashleigh | 15 December 1814 | 11 January 1777 – 14 May 1855 |
| Rudolf Eric Raspe | 1 June 1769 | 1737–1794 Expelled for fraud, 1775 |
| John Urpeth Rastrick | 19 January 1837 | 26 January 1780 – 1 November 1856 |
| Cyrille Grigoryevitch Rasumousky | 24 April 1755 | 28 March 1726–1803 |
| John Ashworth Ratcliffe | 15 March 1951 | 12 December 1902 – 25 October 1987 |
| Peter John Ratcliffe | 9 May 2002 | |
| Joseph Raulin | 12 May 1763 | 19 March 1708 – 12 April 1784 |
| David Ravaud | 21 May 1747 | 28 September 1718 – 18 November 1776 |
| John Albert Raven | 15 March 1990 | |
| Gordon Hindle Rawcliffe | 16 March 1972 | 2 June 1910 – 3 September 1979 |
| Francis Rawdon Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings and 2nd Earl of Moira | 3 May 1787 | 9 December 1754 – 28 November 1826 |
| John Rawdon, 1st Earl of Moira | 12 April 1744 | 17 March 1720 – 20 June 1793 |
| Giles Rawlins | 26 December 1660 | – 18 August 1662 Original |
| Henry Creswicke Rawlinson | 6 June 1850 | 11 April 1810 – 5 March 1895 |
| Richard Rawlinson | 29 July 1714 | 3 January 1690 – 6 April 1755 |
| Thomas Rawlinson | 23 October 1712 | 25 March 1681 – 6 August 1725 London barrister |
| Walter Rawlinson | 30 March 1775 | – 13 March 1805 |
| John Ray | 7 November 1667 | 29 November 1627 – 17 January 1705 |
| Robert Raymond, 2nd Baron Raymond | 7 February 1740 | c. 1717 – 19 September 1756 |
| Guillaume Thomas Raynal | 30 May 1754 | 12 April 1713 – 6 March 1796 |
| Edward Peter Raynes | 19 March 1987 |
| Geoffrey Vincent Raynor | 19 March 1959 | 2 October 1913 – 20 October 1983 |
| Andrew Fraser Read | 1 May 2015 | Biologist |
| David John Read | 15 March 1990 | Botanist |
| Frank Henry Read | 15 March 1984 | |
| Herbert Harold Read | 16 March 1939 | 17 December 1889 – 29 March 1970 |
| John Read | 16 May 1935 | 18 February 1884 – 21 January 1963 |
| Randy Read | 30 April 2014 | Professor of Protein Crystallography, University of Cambridge |
| Henry Reade | 21 January 1748 | 1716 – 13 December 1762 |
| Joseph Bancroft Reade | 8 February 1838 | 5 April 1801 – 12 December 1870 |
| Robert Reading | 2 November 1671 | c. 1640 – ? March 1689 |
| Richard Edmund Reason | 18 March 1971 | 21 December 1903 – 20 March 1987 |
| Rene-Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur | 9 November 1738 | 29 February 1683 – ? 17 October 1757 |
| Giambattista Recanati | 30 June 1720 | 19 September 1687 – 16 or 17 November 1734 |
| Sigismund Ehrenreich Redern | 14 November 1765 | 1720 – 1 July 1789 |
| Roderick Oliver Redman | 21 March 1946 | 17 July 1905 – 6 March 1975 |
| Edward James Reed | 1 June 1876 | 20 September 1830 – 30 November 1906 |
| Abraham Rees | 1 June 1786 | 1743 – 9 June 1825 |
| Charles Wayne Rees | 21 March 1974 | 15 October 1927 – 21 September 2006 |
| David Rees | 21 March 1968 | 29 May 1918 – 16 August 2013 Mathematician |
| David Allan Rees | 19 March 1981 | Chemist |
| Florence Gwendolen Rees | 18 March 1971 | 3 July 1906 – 4 October 1994 |
| George Owen Rees | 2 February 1843 | November 1813 – 27 May 1889 |
| Hubert Rees | 18 March 1976 | |
| Martin Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow | 15 March 1979 | |
| Susan Mary Rees | 9 May 2002 | |
| Colin Bernard Reese | 19 March 1981 | |
| John Reeves | 12 June 1817 | 1 May 1774 – 22 March 1856 naturalist |
| John Reeves | 18 March 1790 | ? 1752 – 7 August 1829 |
| John Russell Reeves | 6 February 1834 | 10 January 1804 – 1 May 1877 |
| Charles Tate Regan | 3 May 1917 | 2 February 1878 – 12 January 1943 |
| Edward Reich | 19 March 1981 | Biochemist |
| Clement Reid | 1 June 1899 | 6 January 1853 – 10 December 1916 |
| Edward Waymouth Reid | 9 June 1898 | 11 October 1862 – 10 March 1948 |
| Kenneth Bannerman Milne Reid | 15 May 1997 | |
| Miles Anthony Reid | 9 May 2002 | |
| Nancy Reid | 9 May 2018 | 17 September 1952 – |
| Thomas Reid | 18 December 1806 | - April 1824 Director East India Company |
| William Reid | 21 February 1839 | 25 April 1791 – 31 October 1858 |
| Wolf Reik | 20 May 2010 | |
| Arnold William Reinold | 7 June 1883 | 19 June 1843 – 11 April 1921 |
| Caetano Reis e Sousa | 16 April 2019 | |
| Ernest Frederick Relf | 7 May 1936 | 2 October 1888 – 25 February 1970 |
| Richard Relhan | 6 December 1787 | 1754 – 28 March 1823 |
| James Meadows Rendel | 23 February 1843 | December 1799 – 21 November 1856 |
| Alfred Barton Rendle | 6 May 1909 | 19 January 1865 – 11 January 1938 |
| James Rennell | 8 March 1781 | 3 December 1742 – 29 March 1830 |
| Thomas Rennell | 25 April 1822 | 9 February 1754 – 31 March 1840 |
| George Rennie | 21 March 1822 | 3 December 1791 – 30 March 1866 |
| James Rennie | 22 May 1845 | 27 February 1787 – 25 August 1867 |
| John Rennie the Elder | 29 March 1798 | 7 June 1761 – 4 October 1821 |
| John Rennie the Younger | 12 June 1823 | 30 August 1794 – 3 September 1874 |
| Didacus de Revillas | 13 June 1734 | fl 1734 |
| Bullen Reymes | 17 October 1667 | 28 December 1613 – 18 December 1672 |
| Samuel Reynardson | 11 March 1742 | 1704 – 18 November 1797 |
| Edward Osmund Royle Reynolds | 11 March 1993 | |
| Henry Revell Reynolds | 17 May 1781 | 26 September 1745 – 22 October 1811 |
| James Emerson Reynolds | 3 June 1880 | 9 January 1844 – ? 18 February 1920 |
| John Russell Reynolds | 3 June 1869 | 22 May 1828 – 29 May 1896 |
| Joshua Reynolds | 15 January 1761 | 17 July 1723 – 23 February 1792 |
| Osborne Reynolds | 7 June 1877 | 24 August 1842 – 21 February 1912 |
| Abondio Rezzonico | 6 June 1776 | 1742–1815 |
| David William Rhind | 9 May 2002 | |
| Daniela Rhodes | 17 May 2007 | |
| John David Rhodes | 11 March 1993 | |
| Harry Ralph Ricardo | 2 May 1929 | 26 January 1885 – 18 May 1974 |
| Thomas Maurice Rice | 9 May 2002 | |
| Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle | 29 April 1841 | 9 February 1790 – 7 February 1866 |
| Daniel Rich | 16 June 1743 | c. 1711–1768 |
| Francis John Richards | 18 March 1954 | 1 October 1901 – 2 January 1965 |
| George Henry Richards | 7 June 1866 | 13 January 1820 – 14 November 1896 |
| Graham Richards | 9 May 2018 | 1 October 1939 |
| Owain Westmacott Richards | 19 March 1959 | 31 December 1901 – 9 November 1984 |
| Rex Edward Richards | 19 March 1959 | |
| Richard Richards | 14 February 1793 | 5 November 1752 – 11 November 1823 |
| Archibald Read Richardson | 21 March 1946 | 21 August 1881 – 4 November 1954 |
| Benjamin Ward Richardson | 6 June 1867 | 31 October 1828 – 21 November 1896 |
| David Richardson | 9 May 2018 | |
| Frederick Denys Richardson | 21 March 1968 | 17 September 1913 – 8 September 1983 |
| Guy Peel Richardson | 15 May 2009 | |
| John Richardson | 24 February 1825 | 5 November 1787 – 5 June 1865 |
| Lewis Fry Richardson | 6 May 1926 | 11 October 1881 – 30 September 1953 |
| Owen Willans Richardson | 1 May 1913 | 27 April 1879 – 15 February 1959 |
| Peter Damian Richardson | 20 March 1986 | |
| Richard Richardson | 23 October 1712 | 6 September 1663 – 21 April 1741 Yorkshire Botanist |
| Robert Richardson | 25 February 1779 | 1732 – 27 September 1781 Prebendary Lincoln Cathedral |
| Thomas Richardson | 7 June 1866 | 8 October 1816 – 10 July 1867 Chemist, Durham Univ |
| James Ernest Richey | 17 March 1938 | 24 April 1886 – 19 June 1968 |
| Herbert William Richmond | 4 May 1911 | 17 July 1863 – 22 April 1948 Mathematician, King's College |
| Mark Henry Richmond | 20 March 1980 | |
| Charles Milner Ricketts | 23 March 1820 | 21 April 1776 – 7 September 1867 |
| Alan Bernard Rickinson | 15 May 1997 | |
| John Rickman | 27 April 1815 | 22 August 1771 – 11 August 1840 |
| Charles James Buchanan Riddell | 13 January 1842 | 19 November 1817 – 25 January 1903 |
| Eric Keightley Rideal | 15 May 1930 | 11 April 1890 – 25 September 1974 |
| George Ridge | 5 July 1810 | – 17 October 1824 |
| Anne Ridley | 5 May 2017 | |
| Brian Kidd Ridley | 10 March 1994 | |
| Henry Nicholas Ridley | 2 May 1907 | 10 December 1855 – 24 October 1956 |
| Nicholas Harold Lloyd Ridley | 20 March 1986 | 10 July 1906 – 25 May 2001 |
| Loren Henry Rieseberg | 20 May 2010 | |
| Stephen Peter Rigaud | 13 June 1805 | 12 August 1774 – 16 March 1839 |
| Peter William Jack Rigby | 20 May 2010 | Molecular Biologist |
| Robert Rigg | 25 April 1839 | 4 June 1792 – 26 February 1861 |
| Ralph Riley | 16 March 1967 | 23 October 1924 – 27 August 1999 |
| Claude Rimington | 18 March 1954 | 17 November 1902 – 8 August 1993 |
| Sydney Ringer | 4 June 1885 | 1835 – 14 October 1910 |
| John Robert Ringrose | 17 March 1977 | |
| Alfred Edward Ringwood | 16 March 1972 | 19 April 1930 – 12 November 1993 |
| Falco Rinuccini | 26 March 1747 | fl 1747 |
| Edward Riou | 5 May 1796 | c. 1758 – April 1801 |
| Ludovicus a Ripa | 3 July 1718 | – 1746 |
| John Rishbeth | 21 March 1974 | 10 July 1918 – 1 June 1991 |
| Joseph Murdoch Ritchie | 18 March 1976 | |
| William Ritchie | 8 May 1828 | c. 1790 – 15 September 1837 |
| David Rittenhouse | 16 April 1795 | 8 April 1732 – 26 June 1796 |
| William Halse Rivers Rivers | 7 May 1908 | 12 March 1864 – 4 June 1922 |
| Albert Cherbury David Rivett | 20 March 1941 | 4 December 1885 – 1 April 1961 |
| August Quirinus Rivinus | 30 November 1703 | 9 December 1652 – 30 December 1723 |
| John van Rixtel | 20 December 1739 | – 1774 |
| David Riz | 5 June 1766 | fl 1766–1783 |
| Ezio Rizzardo | 20 May 2010 | |
| Charles Bodvile Robartes, 2nd Earl of Radnor | 30 November 1693 | 26 July 1660 – 3 August 1723 |
| Francis Robartes | 11 December 1673 | ? January 1650 – 3 February 1718 |
| John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor and Viscount Bodmin | 14 November 1666 | 1606 – 17 July 1685 |
| John Robartes, 4th Earl of Radnor | 16 March 1732 | c. 1686 – 15 July 1757 |
| Russell Robartes | 30 November 1703 | c. 1672–1724 MP for Bodmin |
| Alfred Arthur Robb | 12 May 1921 | 18 January 1873 – 13 December 1936 |
| Michael Alfred Robb | 11 May 2000 | |
| Trevor William Robbins | 26 May 2005 | |
| William Chandler Roberts-Austen | 3 June 1875 | 3 March 1843 – 22 November 1902 |
| Alan Madoc Roberts | 1 May 2015 | 1941 - Zoologist |
| Derek Harry Roberts | 20 March 1980 | |
| Edward Roberts | 12 December 1799 | c. 1763 – 21 November 1846 Physician St Barts |
| Gareth Gwyn Roberts | 15 March 1984 | 16 May 1940 – 6 February 2007 |
| Gilbert Roberts | 18 March 1965 | 19 February 1899 – 1 January 1978 |
| Isaac Roberts | 5 June 1890 | 27 January 1829 – 17 July 1904 |
| John Alexander Fraser Roberts | 21 March 1963 | 8 September 1899 – 15 January 1987 |
| John Keith Roberts | 19 March 1942 | 16 April 1897 – 26 April 1944 |
| Lewis Edward John Roberts | 18 March 1982 | 31 January 1922 - 10 April 2012 |
| Paul Harry Roberts | 15 March 1979 | |
| Richard John Roberts | 9 March 1995 | |
| Roger Elliot Roberts | 4 June 1801 | c. 1753 – 9 August 1831 |
| Samuel Roberts | 6 June 1878 | 15 December 1827 – 18 September 1913 Solicitor |
| William Roberts | 7 June 1877 | 18 March 1830 – 16 April 1899 |
| Abraham Robertson | 21 May 1795 | 4 November 1751 – 4 December 1826 |
| Alan Robertson | 19 March 1964 | 22 February 1920 – 25 April 1989 |
| Alexander Robertson | 20 March 1941 | 13 February 1896 – 9 February 1970 Prof of Chemistry, Liverpool Univ |
| Andrew Robertson | 14 March 1940 | 30 January 1883 – 22 October 1977 Engineer |
| Archibald Robertson | 11 February 1836 | 3 December 1789 – 19 October 1864 |
| Elizabeth Jane Robertson | 15 May 2003 | |
| James Robertson | 13 December 1810 | fl 1810–1830 Surveyor |
| John Robertson | 17 December 1741 | 1712 – 11 December 1776 Royal Soc Librarian |
| John Robertson | 1 May 2015 | 1950 - Professor of Electronics |
| John Monteath Robertson | 22 March 1945 | 24 July 1900 – 27 December 1989 |
| Muriel Robertson | 20 March 1947 | 8 April 1883 – 14 June 1973 |
| Robert Robertson | 31 May 1804 | 1742–1829 physician |
| Robert Robertson | 3 May 1917 | 17 April 1869 – 28 April 1949 chemist |
| Rutherford Ness Robertson | 16 March 1961 | 29 September 1913 – 5 March 2001 |
| Thomas Robie | 15 April 1725 | 20 March 1689 – 28 August 1729 |
| Benjamin Robins | 9 November 1727 | 1707 – 29 July 1751 |
| Carol Vivien Robinson | 27 May 2004 | |
| Derek Charles Robinson | 10 March 1994 | 27 May 1941 – 2 December 2002 |
| Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon | 17 April 1828 | 30 October 1782 – 28 January 1859 |
| George Frederick Samuel Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon | 24 May 1860 | 24 October 1827 – 9 July 1909 |
| Gilbert Wooding Robinson | 18 March 1948 | 7 November 1888 – 6 May 1950 |
| Harold Roper Robinson | 2 May 1929 | 26 November 1889 – 28 November 1955 |
| Isaac Robinson | 26 November 1829 | – 26 May 1839 |
| Margaret Scott Robinson | 19 April 2012 | Molecular Biologist |
| Richard Robinson | 23 November 1681 | – 30 January 1733 Physician |
| Robert Robinson | 13 May 1920 | 13 September 1886 – 8 February 1975 |
| Robert Spencer Robinson | 3 June 1869 | 6 January 1809 – 27 July 1889 |
| Stephen Joseph Robinson | 18 March 1976 | |
| Tancred Robinson | 19 November 1684 | c. 1657 – 29 March 1748 |
| Thomas Robinson | 30 November 1726 | c. 1703 – 3 March 1777 |
| Thomas Romney Robinson | 5 June 1856 | 23 April 1792 – 28 February 1882 |
| Robert Robison | 15 May 1930 | 29 December 1883 – 18 June 1941 |
| John Gair Robson | 15 May 2003 | |
| Peter Neville Robson | 19 March 1987 | 23 November 1930 – 10 January 2010 Prof of Electronic Engineering, Sheffield |
| George Dixon Rochester | 20 March 1958 | 5 February 1908 – 26 December 2001 |
| John Davison Rockefeller | 8 June 1939 | 30 January 1874 – 11 May 1960 Statute |
| John Rodenburg | 16 April 2019 | |
| Richard Roderick | 21 June 1750 | – 20 July 1756 |
| John Roebuck | 12 July 1764 | 1718 – 17 July 1794 |
| Arthur William Rogers | 2 May 1918 | 5 June 1872 – 23 June 1946 |
| Charles Rogers | 17 November 1757 | 2 August 1711 – 2 January 1784 |
| Claude Ambrose Rogers | 19 March 1959 | 1 November 1920 – 5 December 2005 |
| George Rogers | 19 November 1789 | fl 1789–1816 Royal Navy Commissioner |
| Henry Darwin Rogers | 3 June 1858 | 1 August 1808 – 29 May 1866 |
| John Rogers | 5 December 1839 | 9 November 1807 – 12 August 1867 Naturalist |
| John Rogers | 13 April 1681 | 18 February 1647 – 9 May 1715 Clergyman |
| Joseph Rogers | 15 June 1738 | c. 1676 – ? 1757 Physician |
| Leonard James Rogers | 15 May 1924 | 30 March 1862 – 12 September 1933 |
| Samuel Rogers | 17 November 1796 | 30 July 1763 – 18 December 1855 |
| Leonard Rogers | 11 May 1916 | 18 January 1868 – 16 September 1962 |
| John Rogerson | 6 May 1779 | 1741 – 21 December 1823 Physician to Catherine the Great |
| Peter Mark Roget | 16 March 1815 | 18 January 1779 – 12 September 1869 |
| Werner Wolfgang Rogosinski | 18 March 1954 | 24 September 1894 – 23 July 1964 |
| Ivan Maurice Roitt | 17 March 1983 | immunologist |
| John Gage Rokewode | 8 April 1824 | 13 September 1786 – 14 October 1842 |
| George Rolleston | 5 June 1862 | 30 July 1829 – 16 June 1881 |
| Paolo Antonio Rolli | 11 December 1729 | 1687 – ? 1767 |
| Thomas Rolt | 14 December 1664 | ? January 1641 – ? October 1672 |
| George John Romanes | 12 June 1879 | ? 20 May 1848 – 23 May 1894 |
| Robert Romer | 14 December 1899 | 23 December 1840 – 19 March 1918 |
| Isaac Romilly | 12 May 1757 | – 1759 |
| David Ron | 30 April 2014 | Professor of Cellular Pathophysiology, Cambridge University |
| Francis Ronalds | 1 February 1844 | 22 February 1788 – 8 August 1873 |
| Denis Eric Rooke | 16 March 1978 | |
| Lawrence Rooke | 30 November 1660 | 13 March 1622 – 7 July 1662 Founder member |
| Thomas Gerald Room | 20 March 1941 | 10 November 1902 – 2 April 1986 |
| John Frederick Fitzgerald De Roos | 9 June 1831 | 6 March 1804 – 19 June 1861 |
| Warren Richard Roper | 16 March 1989 | |
| Patrik Rorsman | 30 April 2014 | Professor of Diabetic Medicine, Oxford University |
| Henry Enfield Roscoe | 4 June 1863 | 7 January 1833 – 18 December 1915 |
| Francis Leslie Rose | 21 March 1957 | 27 June 1909 – 2 March 1988 |
| John Donald Rose | 18 March 1971 | 2 January 1911 – 14 October 1976 |
| George Rose | 5 June 1834 | 1 May 1782 – 3 December 1873 |
| William Rose | 23 November 1786 | 1 January 1751 – 2 April 1829 Rector of Beckenham |
| Howard Harry Rosenbrock | 18 March 1976 | 16 December 1920 – 21 October 2010 Prof of Control Engineering, Manchester |
| Walter Rosenhain | 1 May 1913 | 24 August 1875 – 17 March 1934 |
| Louis Rosenhead | 21 March 1946 | 1 January 1906 – 10 November 1984 |
| Max Leonard Rosenheim, Baron Rosenheim of Camden | 25 May 1972 | 15 March 1908 – 2 December 1972 |
| Otto Rosenheim | 12 May 1927 | 29 November 1871 – 7 May 1955 |
| Iver Rosenkrantz | 11 June 1713 | 5 December 1674 – 13 November 1745 |
| Daniel Ross | 13 June 1822 | 11 November 1780 – 29 October 1849 |
| Douglas Alan Ross | 26 May 2005 | physicist |
| Graham Garland Ross | 14 March 1991 | |
| James Clark Ross | 11 December 1828 | 15 April 1800 – 3 April 1862 |
| John Ross | 23 February 1758 | ? 24 June 1719 – 14 August 1792 |
| Patrick Ross | 11 December 1794 | c. 1740 – 24 August 1804 Military engineer and MP |
| Ronald Ross | 6 June 1901 | 13 May 1857 – 16 September 1932 |
| Janet Rossant | 11 May 2000 | |
| Matthew Jonathan Rosseinsky | 16 May 2008 | |
| Joseph Rotblat | 9 March 1995 | 4 November 1908 – 31 August 2005, founder of Pugwash conference, Nobel Prize for Peace (1995) |
| Klaus Friedrich Roth | 24 March 1960 | |
| Martin Roth | 14 March 1996 | 6 November 1917 – 26 September 2006 |
| Leonard Rotherham | 21 March 1963 | 31 August 1913 – 23 March 2001 |
| Miriam Louisa Rothschild | 21 March 1985 | 5 August 1908 – 20 January 2005 |
| Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild | 23 November 1911 | 9 February 1868 – 27 August 1937 |
| Nathaniel Mayer Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild | 19 March 1953 | 31 October 1910 – 19 March 1990 |
| Nancy Jane Rothwell | 27 May 2004 | |
| Francis John Worsley Roughton | 7 May 1936 | 6 June 1899 – 29 April 1972 |
| George Leith Roupell | 12 December 1839 | 18 September 1797 – 29 September 1854 |
| Edward John Routh | 6 June 1872 | 20 January 1831 – 7 June 1907 |
| Sheila Rowan | 9 May 2018 | |
| Frederick Maurice Rowe | 22 March 1945 | 12 February 1891 – 8 December 1946 |
| Henry Rowe [Wikidata] | 12 April 1739 | – 1769 |
| John Martin Rowell | 16 March 1989 | |
| Ronald Rowe | 2 May 2013 | Civil Engineer |
| Arthur John Rowledge | 20 March 1941 | 30 July 1876 – 12 December 1957 |
| George Rowley | 14 November 1811 | 4 April 1782 – 5 October 1836 |
| John Rowley | 9 February 1809 | c. 1768 – 1 December 1824 |
| John Shipley Rowlinson | 19 March 1970 | chemist |
| Lionel Edward Aston Rowson | 15 March 1973 | 28 May 1914 – 26 July 1989 |
| Charles Le Roy | 31 May 1770 | ? 12 February 1726 – ? 12 December 1779 |
| Charles Smart Roy | 12 June 1884 | 27 January 1854 – 4 October 1897 |
| Jean-Baptiste Le Roy | 10 June 1773 | 15 August 1720 – ? 20 January 1800 |
| William Roy | 26 March 1767 | 4 May 1726 – 1 July 1790 |
| Adrianus van Royen | 27 June 1728 | 11 November 1704 – 28 February 1779 |
| David van Royen | 6 December 1759 | ? 1727–1799 |
| John Forbes Royle | 6 April 1837 | ? 1798 – 2 January 1858 |
| George West Royston-Pigott | 12 June 1873 | ? 1 May 1817 – 14 September 1889 Physician |
| David C. Rubinsztein | 5 May 2017 | |
| Arthur William Rucker | 12 June 1884 | 23 October 1848 – 1 November 1915 |
| Alan Walter Rudge | 12 March 1992 | |
| Edward Rudge | 31 January 1805 | 27 June 1763 – 3 September 1846 Botanist |
| Edward Rudge | 3 November 1726 | 22 October 1703 – 6 June 1763 MP |
| Edward John Rudge | 18 February 1847 | 30 May 1792 – 29 January 1861 Barrister |
| James Rudge | 17 November 1814 | c. 1785–1852 |
| Warren de la Rue | 6 June 1850 | 15 January 1815 – ? 19 April 1889 |
| Philip Charles Ruffles | 14 May 1998 | |
| Siegfried Ruhemann | 7 May 1914 | 4 January 1859–1942 |
| Henry Wyldbore Rumsey | 4 June 1874 | 3 July 1809 – 23 October 1876 Physician |
| Stanley Keith Runcorn | 18 March 1965 | 19 November 1922 – ? 6 December 1995 |
| Prince Rupert | 22 March 1665 | 17 December 1619 – 29 November 1682 Royal |
| George Stanley Rushbrooke | 18 March 1982 | 19 January 1915 – 14 December 1995 |
| William Albert Hugh Rushton | 18 March 1948 | 8 December 1901 – 21 June 1980 |
| Matthew Rushworth | 16 April 2019 | |
| Alexander Russell | 15 May 1924 | 15 July 1861 – 14 January 1943 Elec. engineer, College principal |
| Alexander Russell | 6 May 1756 | 1715 – 28 November 1768 Naturalist |
| Archibald Edward Russell | 19 March 1970 | 30 May 1904 – 29 May 1995 Aerospace Engineer |
| Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell | 7 May 1908 | 19 May 1872 – 2 February 1970 |
| Edward John Russell | 3 May 1917 | 31 October 1872 – 12 July 1965 |
| Frederick Stratten Russell | 17 March 1938 | 3 November 1897 – 5 June 1984 |
| Francis Russell | 15 March 1770 | – 1795 Solicitor, India Board |
| Henry Chamberlaine Russell | 4 June 1886 | 18 March 1836 – 22 February 1907 |
| Herbrand Arthur Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford | 5 November 1908 | 20 February 1858 – 27 August 1940 Statute |
| Ian John Russell | 16 March 1989 | |
| Jesse Watts Russell | 7 June 1821 | 6 May 1786 – 26 March 1875 |
| John Scott Russell | 7 June 1849 | 8 May 1808 – 8 June 1882 |
| John Russell, 1st Earl Russell | 6 May 1847 | 18 August 1792 – 28 May 1878 |
| John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford | 11 March 1742 | 30 September 1710 – 15 January 1771 |
| Michael Russell | 25 March 1742 | fl 1742–1767 |
| Patrick Russell | 27 November 1777 | 7 February 1727 – 2 July 1805 |
| Philip St John Russell | 26 May 2005 | physicist |
| Richard Russell | 13 February 1752 | 26 November 1687 – 19 December 1759 |
| Robert Graham Goodwin Russell | 16 May 2008 | |
| William Russell | 5 April 1832 | 29 May 1773 – 26 September 1839 Physician |
| William Russell | 9 January 1777 | – 1787 Levant Company Secretary |
| William Henry Leighton Russell | 7 June 1866 | 26 August 1823 – 28 December 1891 Mathematician |
| William James Russell | 6 June 1872 | 20 May 1830 – 12 November 1909 Chemist |
| Bill Rutherford | 30 April 2014 | Biochemist, Imperial College London |
| Ernest Rutherford, Baron Rutherford of Nelson | 11 June 1903 | 30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937 |
| Thomas Rutherford | 27 January 1743 | 3 October 1712 – 5 October 1771 |
| William Rutherford | 1 June 1876 | 20 April 1839 – 21 February 1899 |
| Michael Llewellyn Rutter | 19 March 1987 | |
| William Rutty | 30 June 1720 | 1687 – ? 10 June 1730 |
| Melchior De Ruusscher | 26 February 1730 | fl 1730–1753 |
| Friedrich Ruysch | 9 June 1715 | 23 March 1638 – 22 February 1731 |
| Edward Ryan | 2 February 1860 | 28 August 1793 – 22 August 1875 |
| John Ryan | 19 April 1798 | – 1808 |
| Paul Rycaut | 12 December 1666 | ? 1628 – 16 November 1700 diplomat |
| John Walter Ryde | 18 March 1948 | 15 April 1898 – 15 May 1961 |
| Dudley Ryder, 2nd Earl of Harrowby | 24 November 1853 | ? 19 May 1798 – 19 November 1882 |
| Martin Ryle | 20 March 1952 | 27 September 1918 – 14 October 1984 |
| Philip Ryley | 15 July 1696 | – 25 January 1733 |
| Thomas Ryves | 20 November 1760 | – 24 July 1788 |

## Foreign members
### P

| Name | Election date | Notes |
| Svante Pääbo | 29 April 2016 | 20 April 1955 |
| George Emil Palade | 28 June 1984 | |
| Michele Parrinello | 27 May 2004 | |
| Louis Pasteur | 29 April 1869 | 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895 |
| Wolfgang Ernst Pauli | 23 April 1953 | 25 April 1900 – ? 15 December 1958, Austrian-born U.S. Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize (1945) |
| Linus Carl Pauling | 27 May 1948 | 29 February 1901 – 19 August 1994 |
| Ivan Petrovich Pavlov | 6 June 1907 | 28 September 1849 – 27 February 1936 |
| Benjamin Peirce | 25 November 1852 | 4 April 1809 – 6 October 1880 |
| Jean Baptiste Perrin | 28 February 1918 | 30 September 1870 – 17 April 1942 |
| Hans Pettersson | 26 April 1956 | 26 August 1888 – 25 January 1966 |
| Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer | 21 June 1928 | 27 March 1858 – 15 September 1947 |
| Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm Pfluger | 31 May 1888 | ? 7 June 1828 – ? 17 March 1910 |
| Charles Émile Picard | 25 March 1909 | 24 July 1856 – ? 12 December 1941 |
| Edward Charles Pickering | 6 June 1907 | 20 July 1846 – 3 February 1919 |
| Alexander Pines | 9 May 2002 | chemist, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance |
| Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana | 15 March 1827 | ? 8 November 1781 – 20 January 1864 |
| Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck | 29 April 1926 | 23 April 1858 – 4 October 1947 |
| Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau | 24 November 1870 | 14 October 1801 – 15 September 1883 |
| Julius Plücker | 14 June 1855 | 16 July 1801 – 22 May 1868 |
| Jules Henri Poincaré | 26 April 1894 | 29 April 1854 – 17 July 1912 |
| Louis Poinsot | 25 November 1858 | 3 January 1777 – 5 December 1859 |
| Jean Victor Poncelet | 5 May 1842 | 1 July 1788 – 22 December 1867 |
| Philippe Gustave Doulcet de Pontecoulant | 6 June 1833 | 1795 – 21 July 1874 |
| Vincent Poor | 30 April 2014 | |
| Albert Marcel Germain René Portevin | 1 May 1952 | 1 November 1880 – 12 April 1962 |
| Tullio Pozzan | 9 May 2018 | |
| Ludwig Prandtl | 21 June 1928 | 5 February 1875 – 15 August 1953 Foreign Member |
| Frank Press | 27 June 1985 | U.S. geophysicist, President of United States National Academy of Sciences (1981–1993) |
| Pierre Prevost | 17 April 1806 | 3 March 1751 – 8 April 1839 |
| Gaspard Clair François Marie Riche de Prony | 12 March 1818 | ? 11 July 1755 – 29 July 1839 |
| Stanley Ben Prusiner | 15 May 1997 | U.S. scientist, Nobel Prize for Medicine (1997) |
| Edward Mills Purcell | 29 June 1989 | 30 August 1912 – 7 March 1997 |
| Johannes Evangelista Purkyne | 21 November 1850 | 17 December 1787 – 28 July 1869 |

### Q

| Name | Election date | Notes |
| Calvin Forrest Quate | 9 March 1995 | |
| Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet | 30 May 1839 | 22 February 1796 – 17 February 1874 |
| Georg Hermann Quincke | 3 April 1879 | 19 November 1834 – 13 January 1924 |

### R

| Name | Election date | Notes |
| Michael Oser Rabin | 17 May 2007 | |
| Pasko Rakic | 29 April 2016 | |
| Santiago Ramon y Cajal | 25 March 1909 | 1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934 |
| Rino Rappuoli | 29 April 2016 | |
| Martin Heinrich Rathke | 14 June 1855 | 25 August 1793 – ? 3 September 1860 |
| Peter Raven | 9 May 2002 | |
| Akkihebbal Ravishankara | 16 April 2019 |
| Henri Victor Regnault | 25 November 1852 | 21 July 1810 – 19 January 1878 |
| Tadeus Reichstein | 1 May 1952 | 20 July 1897 – 1 August 1996 Polish-born Switzerland chemist, Nobel Prize for Medicine (1950) |
| Otto Renner | 28 April 1955 | 25 April 1883 – 8 July 1960 |
| Magnus Gustaf Retzius | 6 June 1907 | 17 October 1842 – 21 July 1919 |
| James Robert Rice | 14 March 1996 | |
| Alfred Newton Richards | 18 June 1942 | 22 March 1876 – 24 March 1966 |
| Theodore William Richards | 26 June 1919 | 31 January 1868 – 2 April 1928 |
| Ferdinand von Richthofen | 27 November 1902 | 5 May 1833 – 6 October 1905 |
| Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann | 14 June 1866 | 17 September 1826 – 20 July 1866 |
| Augusto Righi | 6 June 1907 | 27 August 1850 – 8 June 1920 |
| Robert Ritchie | 5 May 2017 | |
| Carl Ritter | 30 March 1848 | 7 August 1779 – 28 September 1859 |
| Auguste Arthur de la Rive | 23 April 1846 | 9 October 1801 – 27 November 1873 |
| Alfred Sherwood Romer | 24 April 1969 | 28 December 1894 – 5 November 1973 |
| Gustav Rose | 14 June 1866 | 18 March 1798 – 15 July 1873 |
| Heinrich Rose | 5 May 1842 | 6 August 1795 – 27 January 1864 |
| Otto August Rosenberger | 4 June 1835 | 10 August 1800 – 23 January 1890 |
| Michael G. Rossmann | 14 March 1996 | |
| James Rothman | 16 April 2019 | 3 November 1950 – |
| Francis Peyton Rous | 23 May 1940 | 6 October 1879 – 16 February 1970 |
| Pierre Paul Emile Roux | 26 June 1913 | 17 December 1853 – 3 November 1933 |
| Frank Sherwood Rowland | 27 May 2004 | |
| Henry Augustus Rowland | 5 December 1889 | 27 November 1848 – 16 April 1901 |
| Carlo Rubbia | 28 June 1984 | |
| Gerald Mayer Rubin | 17 May 2007 | |
| Karl Ludwig Christian Rumker | 14 June 1855 | 28 May 1788 – 21 December 1862 |
| Henry Norris Russell | 17 June 1937 | 26 October 1877 – 18 February 1957 |
| Leopold Ružička | 18 June 1942 | 13 September 1887 – 26 September 1976 |
| Janne Robert Rydberg | 28 June 1919 | 8 November 1854 – 19 December 1919 |