# Ministry of the Interior (Spain)

The Ministry of the Interior (MIR) is a department of the Government of Spain responsible for public security, the protection of the constitutional rights, the command of the law enforcement agencies, national security, immigration affairs, prisons, civil defense and road traffic safety. Through the Undersecretariat of the Interior and its superior body, the Directorate-General for Internal Policy, the Ministry is responsible for all actions related to ensuring political pluralism and the proper functioning of electoral processes.
The MIR is headed by the Minister for Home Affairs, who is appointed by the Monarch at request of the Prime Minister. The Minister is assisted by three main officials, the Secretary of State for Security, the Secretary-General for Penitentiary Institutions and the Under-Secretary of the Interior. Among the director generals, the most important are the Director-General of the Police and the Director-General of the Civil Guard.
This department has historically received numerous denominations such as Ministerio de la Gobernación (literally Ministry of the Governance), Ministerio de Orden Público (Ministry of Public Order) and Ministerio del Interior y Justicia (Ministry of the Interior and Justice) when both ministries joint in one.
As of 2022, central, regional and local governments in Spain spend around €26 billion per year (1.9 % of GDP) on security and public order.

## History
### Early period

The responsibilities of the Ministry of the Interior in earlier centuries were assumed by the Royal Council of Castile (with the exception of the judicial ones). This body was composed of expert royal servants in charge of advising the Sovereign and with the passage of the time these royal servants gained more power and autonomy and were the real governors of the Kingdom.
In the 18th century, the extinction of the Habsburg dynasty and the arrival of the Bourbons brought profound institutional reforms. With King Philip V, this Council extended its jurisdiction to the territories of the Crown of Aragon and the whole country was ruled by the same institutions. Also during this time, the Councils started to lose importance and the Secretariats of State and of the Dispatch were created.
In 1621 the Secretariat of the Universal Dispatch was created, a unique government department where the sovereign delegated his power. With the new dynasty, it was necessary to divide it into several Secretariats of State that took care of the diverse administrative subjects: by means of the Decree of 11 July 1705, Philip V created a "Secretariat of State for War and Treasury" and another one for "Everything else".
But the accumulation of business and the need for a more agile body led to a system similar to that of France: the Decree of 30 November 1714, established four Secretariats of the Dispatch: of State, of War, of the Navy and of the Indies, and of Ecclesiastical business, justice and jurisdiction, and questions of a financial nature were made to lie in the General Treasury. With slight variations, the result of various reforms, this situation continued until the 1754-1755 biennium. With regard to the Secretariat of the Dispatch of Ecclesiastical Affairs, Justice and Jurisdiction, by Decree of 2 April 1717, it was renamed the Secretariat of the Dispatch of Justice, Political Government and Treasury of Spain and the Indies. It was commissioned to José Rodrigo. In the reform of 1720, it was named the Secretariat of the Dispatch of Justice and Political Government of Spain and the Indies.

### Late period

However, the direct antecedent is at the beginning of the 19th century, first created by Bonaparte in 1808 in imitation of the French model and a few years later, in 1812, the Cortes of Cádiz created it the Secretariat of the Dispatch of the Governance of the Kingdom and Islands adjacent and the Secretary of the Dispatch of the Governance of the Kingdom for Overseas. The vast majority of authors do not consider the department created by the Napoleonic Government as the original one, because of its invasor nature.
With the return of Ferdinand VII, both secretaries were suppressed in 1814, restored during the Liberal Triennium and created as Ministry of the Interior in 1823, which lasted only a short time after being suppressed by King Ferdinand. In 1832 the Ministry of Development was created, which assumed security competences, fleeing from the denominations of "Interior" and "Governance" since they were reminiscent of the time of the war against Napoleon. In 1835 it was again called "Ministry of the Interior".
In 1847, all matters related to the services of public, economic and cultural works were disbanded from the Ministry of the Interior. The Ministry of the Interior maintained the functions of public order, municipal and provincial organization —being responsible for the Civil Governors—, health, post and telegraph, and the Overseas Office was incorporated. The so-called Sections were changed by Directorates-General, whose number was changing in the following decades.
During the reign of Alfonso XIII (1902-1931) the then created Institute of Social Reforms (1903), the Superior Charity Board (1908), the Internal Health Service (1909) were made dependent on the Ministry of the Interior; the Directorate-General for Security was divided into two sections, Surveillance and Security, and then called Public Order (1921); the Legal Department expanded its functions beyond the branch of charity (1913); the General Department of Charity (1919), the Health Department (1921), the Supply Department (1925) and the National Broadcasting Service (1929) were created.
Already during the Second Republic, by decree of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers of 16 August 1932, raised to the rank of Law on 8 September, the Directorate-General of the Civil Guard, which had been attached to the Ministry of War, and all the agencies and services of it dependents were transferred to the Ministry of the Interior, creating the Inspectorate-General of the Civil Guard. In 1933, the Health and Welfare services were transferred to the Ministry of Labor, Health and Welfare.
In 1959 the Central Traffic Office was created by Law 47/1959, of 30 July; the Technical General Secretariat by Decree 1841/1960, of 21 September, in accordance with the provisions of the Law on the Legal System of the State Administration of 26 July 1957; and the Data Processing Center by Order of 16 November 1971.

### Democracy

In 1977 it was renamed "Ministry of the Interior" and from then until now the Ministry has maintained this denomination, except for the period between 1994 and 1996, when it was renamed the Ministry of Justice and the Interior, structured in two main higher bodies, the Secretariat of State for Justice and the Secretariat of State for the Interior.
During the democratic period, the Ministry of the Interior has focused its powers on public security, losing its functions on territorial organization in favor of the Ministry for Territorial Administrations.

## Structure

The Ministry of the Interior is organised in the following bodies:
* The Secretariat of State for Security.
** The Directorate-General of the Police.
** The Directorate-General of the Civil Guard.
** The Directorate-General for International Relations and Immigration.
** The Directorate-General for Coordination and Studies.
* The General Secretariat for Penitentiary Institutions.
** The Directorate-General for Criminal Enforcement and Social Reintegration.
* The Undersecretariat of the Interior
** The Technical General Secretariat.
** The Directorate-General for Internal Policy.
** The Directorate-General for Traffic.
** The Directorate-General for Civil Protection and Emergencies.
** The Directorate-General for Support to Victims of Terrorism.
** The Directorate-General for International Protection.

### Agencies and companies

* The Civil Guard.
* The National Police Corps.
* The Intelligence Center for Counter-Terrorism and Organized Crime.
* The State Security Infrastructure and Equipment Office.
* Penitentiary Work and Employment Training (public company).

## List of ministers of the interior

The holders of the office of minister of the interior of Spain, from the reign of Ferdinand VII to the present time:
| Period | Took office | Left office | Name | Party |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 18 March 1820 | 2 March 1821 | Agustín de Argüelles Álvarez (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 4 March 1821 | 4 May 1821 | Mateo Valdemoros (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 4 May 1821 | 8 January 1822 | Ramón Feliú (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 8 January 1822 | 28 February 1822 | Francisco Javier Pinilla (Interim) (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 28 February 1822 | 7 July 1822 | José María Moscoso y Quiroga (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 10 July 1822 | 5 August 1822 | José María Calatrava (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 5 August 1822 | 28 February 1823 | Francisco de Paula Fernández Gascó (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 28 February 1823 | 12 May 1823 | José María Calatrava (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 18 May 1823 | 2 June 1823 | Manuel García Herreros (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 2 June 1823 | 30 September 1823 | Salvador Manzanares (6) | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII (1814–1833) | 30 September 1823 | 2 December 1823 | José Aznarez Navarro (6)(7) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 13 June 1835 | 28 August 1835 | Juan Álvarez Guerra (3) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 28 August 1835 | 14 September 1835 | Manuel de la Riva Herrera (3) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 14 September 1835 | 27 September 1835 | Ramón Gil de la Cuadra (3) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 27 September 1835 | 15 May 1836 | Martín de los Heros (3) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 15 May 1836 | 14 August 1836 | Ángel de Saavedra (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 14 August 1836 | 11 September 1836 | Ramón Gil de la Cuadra (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 11 September 1836 | 27 March 1837 | Joaquín María López (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 27 March 1837 | 9 July 1837 | Pío Pita Pizarro (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 9 July 1837 | 18 August 1837 | Pedro Antonio Acuña y Cuadros (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 18 August 1837 | 23 August 1837 | José Manuel Vadillo (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 23 August 1837 | 1 October 1837 | Diego González Alonso (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 1 October 1837 | 26 November 1837 | Rafael Pérez (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 26 November 1837 | 16 December 1837 | Francisco Javier Ulloa (Interim) (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 16 December 1837 | 6 September 1838 | Joaquín José de Muro y Vidaurreta (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 6 September 1838 | 21 November 1838 | Alberto Felipe Baldrich (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 6 December 1838 | 9 December 1838 | Francisco Agustín Silvela y Blanco (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 9 December 1838 | 10 May 1839 | Antonio Hompanera of Cos (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 10 May 1839 | 18 May 1839 | Lorenzo Arrazola (Interim) (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 18 May 1839 | 21 October 1839 | Juan Martín Carramolino (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 21 October 1839 | 16 November 1839 | Lorenzo Arrazola (Interim) (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 16 November 1839 | 8 April 1840 | Saturnino Calderón Collantes (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 8 April 1840 | 20 July 1840 | Agustín Armendariz (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 20 July 1840 | 12 August 1840 | Vicente Sancho (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 12 August 1840 | 19 July 1840 | Francisco Cabello (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 19 July 1840 | 29 August 1840 | José María Secades del Rivero (Interim) (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 29 August 1840 | 11 September 1840 | Fermín Arteta Sesma (1) | |
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (1833–1840) | 11 September 1840 | 16 September 1840 | Francisco Cabello (1) | |
| Regency of Baldomero Espartero (1840–1843) |
| Regency of Baldomero Espartero (1840–1843) | 3 October 1840 | 21 May 1841 | Manuel Cortina (1) | |
| Regency of Baldomero Espartero (1840–1843) | 21 May 1841 | 17 June 1842 | Facundo Infante (1) | |
| Regency of Baldomero Espartero (1840–1843) | 17 June 1842 | 9 May 1843 | Mariano Torres Solanot (1) | |
| Regency of Baldomero Espartero (1840–1843) | 9 May 1843 | 19 May 1843 | Fermín Caballero (1) | |
| Regency of Baldomero Espartero (1840–1843) | 19 May 1843 | 30 July 1843 | Pedro Gómez de la Serna (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 30 July 1843 | 24 November 1843 | Fermín Caballero (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 24 November 1843 | 1 December 1843 | Jacinto Félix Domenech (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 1 December 1843 | 3 May 1844 | José Justiniani (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 3 May 1844 | 12 February 1846 | Pedro José Pidal (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 12 February 1846 | 16 March 1846 | Francisco Javier de Istúriz (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 16 March 1846 | 5 April 1846 | Javier de Burgos (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 5 April 1846 | 28 January 1847 | Pedro José Pidal (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 28 January 1847 | 28 March 1847 | Manuel Seijas Lozano (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 28 March 1847 | 31 August 1847 | Antonio de Benavides (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 31 August 1847 | 4 October 1847 | Patricio de la Escosura (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 4 October 1847 | 19 October 1849 | Luis José Sartorius (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 19 October 1849 | 20 October 1849 | Trinidad Balboa (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 20 October 1849 | 14 January 1851 | Luis José Sartorius (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 14 January 1851 | 5 April 1851 | Fermín Arteta Sesma (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 5 April 1851 | 7 August 1851 | Manuel Bertrán de Lis y Ribes (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 7 August 1851 | 15 November 1851 | Melchor Ordóñez (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 15 November 1851 | 14 December 1852 | Cristobal Bordiú (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 14 December 1852 | 10 January 1853 | Alejandro Llorente (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 10 January 1853 | 14 April 1853 | Antonio de Benavides (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 14 April 1853 | 19 September 1853 | Pablo Egaña (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 19 September 1853 | 18 July 1854 | Luis José Sartorius (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 18 July 1854 | 30 July 1854 | Antonio de los Ríos Rosas (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 30 July 1854 | 6 June 1855 | Francisco Santa Cruz (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 6 June 1855 | 15 January 1856 | Julián Huelves (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 15 January 1856 | 14 July 1856 | Patricio de la Escosura (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 14 July 1856 | 12 October 1856 | Antonio de los Ríos Rosas (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 12 October 1856 | 15 October 1857 | Cándido Nocedal (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 15 October 1857 | 25 October 1857 | Francisco Armero Peñaranda (Interim) (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 25 October 1857 | 14 January 1858 | Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 14 January 1858 | 5 May 1858 | Ventura Díaz (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 5 May 1858 | 17 January 1863 | José de Posada Herrera (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 17 January 1863 | 2 March 1863 | Antonio Aguilar y Correa (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 2 March 1863 | 17 January 1864 | Florencio Rodríguez Vaamonde (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 17 January 1864 | 1 March 1864 | Antonio de Benavides (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 1 March 1864 | 16 September 1864 | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 16 September 1864 | 21 June 1865 | Luis González Bravo (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 21 June 1865 | 10 July 1866 | José de Posada Herrera (1) | |
| Reign of Isabella II (1843–1868) | 10 July 1866 | 20 September 1868 | Luis González Bravo (1) | |
| Junta Revolucionaria Interina (1868) |
| Junta Revolucionaria Interina (1868) | 8 October 1868 | 9 January 1870 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1) | |
| Junta Revolucionaria Interina (1868) | 9 January 1870 | 25 December 1870 | Nicolás María Rivero (1) | |
| Junta Revolucionaria Interina (1868) | 25 December 1870 | 4 January 1871 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1) | |
| Reign of Amadeo I (1871–1873) |
| Reign of Amadeo I (1871–1873) | 4 January 1871 | 24 July 1871 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1) | |
| Reign of Amadeo I (1871–1873) | 24 July 1871 | 5 October 1871 | Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (1) | |
| Reign of Amadeo I (1871–1873) | 5 October 1871 | 21 December 1871 | Francisco de Paula Candau (1) | |
| Reign of Amadeo I (1871–1873) | 21 December 1871 | 26 May 1872 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1) | |
| Reign of Amadeo I (1871–1873) | 26 May 1872 | 13 June 1872 | Francisco de Paula Candau (1) | |
| Reign of Amadeo I (1871–1873) | 13 June 1872 | 12 February 1873 | Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (1) | |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Estanislao Figueras (1873) |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Estanislao Figueras (1873) | 12 February 1873 | 11 June 1873 | Francisco Pi y Margall (1) | |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Francisco Pi y Margall (1873) |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Francisco Pi y Margall (1873) | 11 June 1873 | 18 July 1871 | Francisco Pi y Margall (1) | |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Nicolás Salmerón (1873) |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Nicolás Salmerón (1873) | 19 July 1873 | 4 September 1873 | Eleuterio Maisonnave (1) | |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Emilio Castelar (1873–1874) |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Emilio Castelar (1873–1874) | 4 September 1873 | 3 January 1874 | Eleuterio Maisonnave (1) | |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Francisco Serrano y Domínguez (1874) |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Francisco Serrano y Domínguez (1874) | 3 January 1874 | 13 May 1874 | Eugenio García Ruiz (1) | |
| First Spanish Republic. Presidency of Francisco Serrano y Domínguez (1874) | 13 May 1874 | 31 December 1874 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 31 December 1874 | 7 March 1879 | Francisco Romero Robledo (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 7 March 1879 | 9 December 1879 | Francisco Silvela y Le Vielleuze (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 9 December 1879 | 8 February 1881 | Francisco Romero Robledo (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 8 February 1881 | 9 January 1883 | Venancio González y Fernández (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 9 January 1883 | 13 October 1883 | Pío Gullón Iglesias (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 13 October 1883 | 18 January 1884 | Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 18 January 1884 | 13 July 1885 | Francisco Romero Robledo (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) | 13 July 1885 | 27 November 1885 | Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 27 November 1885 | 10 October 1886 | Venancio González y Fernández (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 10 October 1886 | 12 November 1887 | Fernando León y Castillo (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 12 November 1887 | 14 June 1888 | José Luis Albareda y Sezde (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 14 June 1888 | 11 December 1888 | Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 11 December 1888 | 5 July 1890 | Trinitario Ruiz Capdepón (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 5 July 1890 | 23 November 1891 | Francisco Silvela Le Vielleuze (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 23 November 1891 | 25 June 1892 | José Elduayen Gorriti (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 25 June 1892 | 30 November 1892 | Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 30 November 1892 | 11 December 1892 | Manuel Danvila Collado (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 11 December 1892 | 14 October 1893 | Venancio González y Fernández (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 14 October 1893 | 12 March 1894 | Joaquín López Puigcerver (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 12 March 1894 | 4 November 1894 | Alberto Aguilera Velasco (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 4 November 1894 | 23 March 1895 | Trinitario Ruiz Capdepón (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 23 March 1895 | 4 October 1897 | Fernando Cos-Gayón y Pons (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 4 October 1897 | 4 March 1899 | Trinitario Ruiz Capdepón (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 4 March 1899 | 23 October 1900 | Eduardo Dato Iradier (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 23 October 1900 | 6 March 1901 | Francisco Javier Ugarte Pagés (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 6 March 1901 | 15 July 1901 | Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 15 July 1901 | 23 July 1901 | Miguel Villanueva y Gómez (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 23 July 1901 | 19 March 1902 | Alfonso González Lozano (1) | |
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) | 19 March 1902 | 17 May 1902 | Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 17 May 1902 | 6 December 1902 | Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 6 December 1902 | 20 July 1903 | Antonio Maura y Montaner (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 20 July 1903 | 5 December 1903 | Antonio García Alix (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 5 December 1903 | 5 December 1904 | José Sánchez Guerra (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 5 December 1904 | 16 December 1904 | Manuel Allendesalazar Muñoz (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 16 December 1904 | 27 January 1905 | Francisco Javier González de Castejón y Elío (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 27 January 1905 | 23 June 1905 | Augusto González Besada (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 23 June 1905 | 1 December 1905 | Manuel García Prieto (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 1 December 1905 | 10 June 1906 | Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 10 June 1906 | 6 July 1906 | Benigno Quiroga y López Ballesteros (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 6 July 1906 | 30 November 1906 | Bernabé Dávila y Bertololi (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 30 November 1906 | 4 December 1906 | Benigno Quiroga y López Ballesteros (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 4 December 1906 | 25 January 1907 | Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 25 January 1907 | 21 October 1909 | Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 21 October 1909 | 9 February 1910 | Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 9 February 1910 | 2 January 1911 | Fernando Merino Villarino (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 2 January 1911 | 3 April 1911 | Demetrio Alonso Castrillo (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 3 April 1911 | 29 June 1911 | Trinitario Ruiz Valarino (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 29 June 1911 | 31 December 1912 | Antonio Barroso Castillo (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 31 December 1912 | 27 October 1913 | Santiago Alba Bonifaz (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 27 October 1913 | 9 December 1915 | José Sánchez Guerra (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 9 December 1915 | 30 April 1916 | Santiago Alba Bonifaz (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 30 April 1916 | 19 April 1917 | Joaquín Ruiz Jiménez (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 19 April 1917 | 11 June 1917 | Julio Burell y Cuéllar (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 11 June 1917 | 3 November 1917 | José Sánchez Guerra (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 3 November 1917 | 22 March 1918 | José Bahamonde y de Lanz (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 23 March 1918 | 9 November 1918 | Manuel García Prieto (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 9 November 1918 | 5 December 1918 | Luis Silvela Casado (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 5 December 1918 | 15 April 1919 | Amalio Gimeno y Cabañas (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 15 April 1919 | 20 July 1919 | Antonio Goicoechea Cosculluela (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 20 July 1919 | 12 December 1919 | Manuel de Burgos y Mazo (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 12 December 1919 | 5 May 1920 | Joaquín Fernández Prida (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 5 May 1920 | 1 September 1920 | Francisco Bergamín García (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 1 September 1920 | 14 August 1921 | Gabino Bugallal Araújo (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 14 August 1921 | 8 March 1922 | Rafael Coello y Oliván (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 8 March 1922 | 7 December 1922 | Vicente Piniés Bayona (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 7 December 1922 | 15 September 1923 | Martín Rosales Martel (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 17 September 1923 | 22 September 1923 | Millán Millán de Pedro (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 22 September 1923 | 30 January 1930 | Severiano Martínez Anido (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 30 January 1930 | 25 November 1930 | Enrique March Balaguer (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 25 November 1930 | 18 February 1931 | Leopoldo Matos y Massieu (1) | |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) | 18 February 1931 | 14 April 1931 | José María de Hoyos y Vinent (1) | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 14 April 1931 | 14 October 1931 | Miguel Maura Gamazo (1) | PRC | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 14 October 1931 | 12 September 1933 | Santiago Casares Quiroga (1) | FRG | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 12 September 1933 | 8 October 1933 | Diego Martínez Barrio (1) | PRR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 8 October 1933 | 23 January 1934 | Manuel Rico Avello (1) | Inofp. | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 23 January 1934 | 3 March 1934 | Diego Martínez Barrio (1) | PRR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 3 March 1934 | 4 October 1934 | Rafael Salazar Alonso (1) | PRR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 4 October 1934 | 3 April 1935 | Eloy Vaquero Cantillo (1) | PRR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 3 April 1935 | 25 September 1935 | Manuel Portela Valladares (1) | Inofp. | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 25 September 1935 | 14 December 1935 | Joaquín de Pablo-Blanco Torres (1) | PRR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 14 December 1935 | 19 February 1936 | Manuel Portela Valladares (1) | Inofp. | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 19 February 1936 | 17 April 1936 | Amós Salvador Carreras (1) | IR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 17 April 1936 | 19 July 1936 | Santiago Casares Quiroga (1) | IR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 19 July 1936 | 19 July 1936 | Augusto Barcia Trelles (1) | IR | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 19 July 1936 | 4 September 1936 | Sebastián Pozas Perea (1) | Military | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 4 September 1936 | 17 May 1937 | Ángel Galarza Gago (1) | PSOE | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 17 May 1937 | 5 April 1938 | Julián Zugazagoitia Mendiesta (1) | PSOE | |
| II Republic (1931–1939) | 5 April 1938 | 1 April 1939 | Paulino Gómez Sáiz (1) | PSOE | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 30 January 1938 | 24 December 1938 | Severiano Martínez Anido (2) and Ramón Serrano Súñer (3) | | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 24 December 1938 | 16 October 1940 | Ramón Serrano Súñer (1) | | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 16 October 1940 | 3 September 1942 | Valentín Galarza Morante (1) | | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 3 September 1942 | 25 February 1957 | Blas Pérez González (1) | | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 25 February 1957 | 29 October 1969 | Camilo Alonso Vega (1) and Vicente Fernández Bascarán (1) (Interim) | | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 29 October 1969 | 9 June 1973 | Tomás Garicano Goñi (1) | | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 9 June 1973 | 3 January 1974 | Carlos Arias Navarro (1) | | |
| Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936–1975) | 3 January 1974 | 12 December 1975 | José García Hernández (1) | | |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 12 December 1975 | 5 July 1976 | Manuel Fraga Iribarne (4) | | |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 5 July 1976 | 5 April 1979 | Rodolfo Martín Villa (1) | UCD | Cst. (Suárez) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 5 April 1979 | 2 May 1980 | Antonio Ibáñez Freire (3) | Military | I (Suárez/Calvo-Sotelo) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 2 May 1980 | 2 December 1982 | Juan José Rosón Pérez (3) | UCD | I (Suárez/Calvo-Sotelo) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 2 December 1982 | 11 July 1988 | José Barrionuevo Peña (3) | PSOE | II • III • IV • V (González) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 11 July 1988 | 24 November 1993 | José Luis Corcuera Cuesta (3) | PSOE | II • III • IV • V (González) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 24 November 1993 | 5 May 1994 | Antoni Asunción Hernández (3) | PSOE | V (González) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 5 May 1994 | 4 May 1996 | Juan Alberto Belloch Julbe (5) | PSOE | V (González) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 4 May 1996 | 27 February 2001 | Jaime Mayor Oreja (3) | PP | VI • VII (Aznar) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 27 February 2001 | 9 July 2002 | Mariano Rajoy Brey (3) | PP | VII (Aznar) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 9 July 2002 | 17 April 2004 | Ángel Acebes Paniagua (3) | PP | VII (Aznar) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 17 April 2004 | 11 April 2006 | José Antonio Alonso Suárez (3) | PSOE | VIII (Zapatero) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 11 April 2006 | 11 July 2011 | Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba (3) | PSOE | VIII • IX (Zapatero) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 11 July 2011 | 22 December 2011 | Antonio Camacho Vizcaíno (3) | PSOE | IX (Zapatero) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 22 December 2011 | 4 November 2016 | Jorge Fernández Díaz (3) | PP | X (Rajoy) Acting XI (Rajoy) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 4 November 2016 | 1 June 2018 | Juan Ignacio Zoido Álvarez (3) | PP | XII (Rajoy) |
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975–2014) Felipe VI (2014–present) | 7 June 2018 | Incumbent | Fernando Grande-Marlaska | Independent | XIII (Pedro Sánchez) |
(1) Minister of Governance (2) Minister of Public Order (3) Minister of the Interior (4) Minister of the Interior and Governance (5) Minister of Justice and the Interior (6) Minister of Governance of the Peninsula (7) Between 1823 and 1835, neither a Ministry of the Interior nor Governance existed.