# Bernard Thévenet

Bernard Thévenet (French pronunciation:; born 10 January 1948) is a retired professional cyclist. His sporting career began with ACBB Paris. He is a two-time winner of the Tour de France and known for ending the reign of five-time Tour champion Eddy Merckx, though both feats are tarnished by Thévenet's later admission of steroids use during his career. He also won the Dauphiné Libéré in 1975 and 1976.

## Origins

Thévenet was born to a farming family in Saône-et-Loire in Burgundy and lived in a hamlet called Le Guidon (The Handlebar). It was there in 1961 that he saw the Tour de France for the first time, on a 123 km stage from Nevers to Lyon. At the time Thévenet was a choirboy in the village church. He said: "The priest brought forward the time for Mass so that we could watch the riders go by. The sun was shining on their toe-clips and the chrome on their forks. They were modern-day knights. I had already been dreaming of becoming a racing cyclist and that magical sight convinced me definitively. It was never that magical when I was actually in the peloton of the Tour!"
From the age of six he went to school on the rack of his sister's bike. He got his own bike a year later and pedalled the 10 km round journey himself. His first adult bike, not a racing machine but a sporty cross between a racer and a touring bike, came as a present for passing school examinations at 14. His parents needed him on the farm too much to be keen on his racing, but they knew their son's ambitions. Thévenet rode his first race and his parents found out only when they read the local paper. There was a row and the club president intervened by inviting the parents to see their son's next race. Thévenet won it.
He was champion of Burgundy in 1965 and 1966 and French junior champion in 1968. In 1967 the manager of the ACBB club in Boulogne-Billancourt Mickey Weigant, drove to his house to enrol him. The ACBB was an accepted development team for professionalism, particularly for the Peugeot team. During 1968, he rode for the amateur team of Jean de Gribaldy, Cafés Ravis-Wolhauser-de Gribaldy, which won the amateur Route de France. After that Thévenet did his military service in 1969.

## Professional career

He turned professional with Peugeot-BP-Michelin in 1970. He rode the Tour de France for the first time in 1970, as a last-minute stand-in. He said: "I wasn't even a reserve in 1970 but, because two riders in the team had fallen ill at Peugeot, the directeur sportif picked me two days before the start." Gaston Plaud had to call a neighbour in the village because neither Thévenet's nor many other families had telephones. Thévenet had left to train with a friend, Michel Rameau, and his mother got a message to him at Rameau's house.
Thévenet asked the advice of Victor Ferrari, a friend who rode the Tour in 1929. Thévenet said: "He was probably afraid that I'd hesitate and he said: 'You're not going to say No, are you crazy? Go on, go...'" Thévenet remembered:
    I can remember perfectly getting to Limoges [for the start]. I was anxious and scared at the same time, but full of pride. I was given a new suitcase, seven jerseys, six pairs of shorts, overclothes, sweaters, shirts and so on and so on. Everyone else had a brand new bike, but not me, because I wasn't on the team's entry list.
Thévenet won a mountain stage ending at the ski resort of La Mongie, most of the way up the Tourmalet in the Pyrenees. He said: "That evening, it was all clear [j'ai compris bien des choses]. That I'd saved my season and, because of that, my job, because the obligatory two-year contracts for new professionals didn't exist then."
In the 1972 Tour he crashed badly on a descent and was temporarily amnesic. As he began to regain his memory, he looked down at his own Peugeot jersey and wondered whether he might be a cyclist. On recognizing the team car, he exclaimed: "I'm riding the Tour de France!"
He refused to abandon the race and four days later won a stage over Mont Ventoux. In the 1973 Tour, he finished second, behind Luis Ocaña, but in 1974 he was forced to abandon the Tour on Stage 11 due to illness.
In the 1975 Tour, Thévenet attacked Eddy Merckx on the col d'Izoard on 14 July, France's national day. Merckx, who was suffering stomach pain from a punch by a spectator, fought back but lost the lead and never regained it. Pierre Chany wrote:
    Those who were there will be slow to forget Bernard Thévenet's six successive attacks in the never-ending climb of the col des Champs, Eddy Merckx's immediate and superb response, the alarming chase by the Frenchman after a puncture delayed him on the descent of the col, the Belgian's attack on the way to the summit of the Allos, his breath-taking plunge towards the Pra-Loup valley, his sudden weakening four kilometres from the top and, to finish, Thévenet's furious push. The end of the race was frenetic. Has Eddy Merckx's long reign in the Tour de France come to an end on the Pra-Loup. Some think so; others believe that it will happen tomorrow.
A British writer, Graeme Fife, wrote:
    Thévenet caught Merckx, by now almost delirious, 3km from the finish and rode by. The pictures show Merckx's face torn with anguish, eyes hollow, body slumped, arms locked shut on the bars, shoulders a clenched ridge of exertion and distress. Thévenet, mouth gaping to gulp more oxygen, looks pretty well at the limit, too, but his effort is gaining; he's out of the saddle, eyes fixed on the road. He said he could see that one side of the road had turned to liquid tar in the baking heat and Merckx was tyre-deep in it.
Beside the road, a woman in a bikini waved a sign that said: "Merckx is beaten. The Bastille has fallen." Thévenet - who had taken the climb on the larger chainring - went on to win the Tour, which that year finished on the Champs-Élysées for the first time. Merckx finished second, three minutes behind.
Thévenet won his second and last Tour in 1977. That winter he was hospitalized with a liver ailment he attributed to long-term use of steroids. Several months later Thévenet lined up for the 1978 Tour de France but had to abandon the second mountain stage in an ambulance. He left the Peugeot cycling team after 1979 and signed for the Spanish team Teka, where he won two races and a six days race with the Australian rider Danny Clark.
He returned to a French team in his final year, 1981, where he won a stage in the Circuit de la Sarthe.

## Doping

Thévenet said "I have never taken drugs; they wouldn't be any use." However, he was caught taking drugs, in the 1977 Paris–Nice.
His 1978 season was a shadow of his years of winning the Tour de France. He had trouble finishing even minor races. When a journalist at the radio station France Inter wondered aloud if Thévenet's repeated poor performances might be due to doping, Thévenet and his team-mates refused to talk to the station.
Thévenet went to hospital, where tests showed serious trouble with his adrenal glands. He admitted taking steroids and called for an end to drugs in the sport. "I was doped by cortisone for three years and there were many like me," he told Pierre Chany in Vélo-France. The steroids had been prescribed to him by François Bellocq, the Peugeot doctor, who had qualified only in 1976. Thévenet told Chany:
    We were all convinced we were doing the right thing [être dans le vrai] and we were certain we were a step ahead of the rest so far as what we were doing to prepare for competition. The young doctor with our team had taken the time to explain to us how the body reacted to effort, which nobody had done before him. His words convinced us of his competence, and maybe we were overconfident, but I had the feeling that he was taking us out of the continual experimentation [l'empirisme habituel] to get us on a more methodical and scientific road. From then on, everything that was said around us seemed to come from ignorance, jealousy or malveillance. I was at ease with myself, satisfied deep down that I was doing my job seriously. That was how it was from 1975 until just recently.

## Retirement

Thévenet became directeur sportif in 1984 of the La Redoute team of Stephen Roche, then of RMO in 1986 and 1987. He became a television commentator and opened a company selling cycling clothes bearing his name. He was asked whether it was hard being a racing cyclist; his reply was that being a French farmer was harder.
Thévenet became race director of the Critérium du Dauphiné in 2010 after the organisation of the race was taken over by the Amaury Sport Organisation.

## Honour

Thévenet was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur on 14 July 2001.

## Major results
### 1968

    7th Overall Tour de l'Avenir

### 1969

    1st Stage 8 Tour de l'Avenir

### 1970

    1st Mont Faron Hill Climb
    1st Stage 18 Tour de France
    9th Overall À travers Lausanne

### 1971

    2nd Overall Étoile des Espoirs
       1st Stage 2 (ITT)
    3rd Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
    3rd Trofeo Baracchi (with Roger Pingeon)
    4th Overall Tour de France
       1st Stage 10
    6th Overall À travers Lausanne
    6th Critérium National de la Route

### 1972

    1st Overall Tour de Romandie
       1st Prologue & Stage 3b (ITT)
    1st Overall Tour d'Indre-et-Loire
       1st Stage 1
    2nd Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
       1st Prologue (TTT)
    2nd Overall À travers Lausanne
    2nd Critérium des As
    5th Grand Prix des Nations
    6th Trofeo Baracchi (with Jean-Pierre Danguillaume)
    7th Critérium National de la Route
    8th Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre
       1st Stage 3
    8th Overall Escalada a Montjuïc
    9th Overall Tour de France
       1st Stages 11 & 17

### 1973

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    2nd Overall Tour de France
       1st Stages 7b & 20b
    2nd Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
       1st Stage 3
    2nd Circuit de l'Aulne
    3rd Overall Vuelta a España
       1st Stage 11
    3rd Overall Tour de l'Aude
       1st Stage 1
    4th Grand Prix des Nations
    5th Overall À travers Lausanne
    6th Liège–Bastogne–Liège
    7th Overall Escalada a Montjuïc
    9th Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre
       1st Stage 4

### 1974

    1st Overall Volta a Catalunya
       1st Stage 4 & 7b (ITT)
    1st Critérium National de la Route
    4th Overall Paris–Nice
       1st Stage 2
    5th Road race, UCI Road World Championships
    6th Giro di Lombardia
    6th Grand Prix des Nations
    7th Gran Premio di Lugano
    9th Circuit de l'Aulne
    Vuelta a España
       Held after Stages 2 & 3

### 1975

    1st Overall Tour de France
       1st Stage 15 & 16
    1st Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
       1st Stage 5
    1st Stage 4a (ITT) Paris–Nice
    1st Stage 2 (ITT) À travers Lausanne
    2nd Liège–Bastogne–Liège
    3rd Overall Four Days of Dunkirk
    3rd Paris–Camembert
    3rd Grand Prix des Nations
    4th Overall Escalada a Montjuïc
    4th Bruxelles–Meulebeke
    5th Critérium des As
    6th Road race, UCI Road World Championships

### 1976

    1st Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
       1st Stages 4 & 5
    1st Stage 5a Four Days of Dunkirk
    1st Stage 2 Tour du Limousin
    2nd Overall Étoile des Espoirs
    2nd Overall À travers Lausanne
    2nd Giro di Lombardia
    2nd Circuit de l'Aulne
    4th Tour du Haut Var
    5th Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre
    5th Overall Escalada a Montjuïc
    5th Grand Prix des Nations
    5th Trofeo Baracchi (with Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke)
    6th Grand Prix de Monaco

### 1977

    1st Overall Tour de France
       1st Stage 20 (ITT)
    1st Overall Escalada a Montjuïc
       1st Stages Stages 1b & 1c (ITT)
    1st Tour du Haut Var
    1st Circuit du Cher
    1st Maël-Pestivien
    2nd Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
       1st Stage 7b (ITT)
    2nd Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre
    3rd Overall À travers Lausanne
    5th Critérium des As
    9th Grand Prix des Nations

### 1980

    1st La Poly Normande
    8th Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
    8th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía
    10th Tour du Haut Var

### 1981

    1st Critérium Professionnel de Châteauroux
    1st Stage 4a (ITT) Circuit de la Sarthe-Pays de la Loire
    2nd Overall Tour du Vaucluse
       1st Stage 1

### Grand Tours general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 |
| Vuelta a España | — | 44 | — | 3 | DNF | — | — | — | — | — | 14 | — |
| Giro d'Italia | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 31 | — | — |
| Tour de France | 35 | 4 | 9 | 2 | DNF | 1 | DNF | 1 | DNF | — | 17 | 37 |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |