# List of sovereign states in the 1920s

This is a list of sovereign states in the 1920s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1920 and 31 December 1929. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes 90 widely recognized sovereign states, and entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states.
* Sovereign states
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* P
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* Y
* Other entities
* See also
* Notes

## Sovereign states

| Name and capital city | Information on status and recognition of sovereignty |
| A ||
| Abkhazia – Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia (from March 31, 1921 to December 16, 1921) Capital: Sukhumi | Recognized independent state. It was subordinate to the Georgian SSR from December 16, 1921. |
| → → → → → → → Afghanistan Capital: Kabul Emirate of Afghanistan (to 9 June 1926) Kingdom of Afghanistan (from 9 June 1926 to 17 January 1929) Emirate of Afghanistan (from 18 January 1929 to 13 October 1929) Kingdom of Afghanistan (from 15 October 1929) | Reign of Amanullah Khan, Inayatullah Khan, and Mohammed Nadir Shah: Widely-recognized independent state. Reign of Habibullāh Kalakāni, Ali Ahmad Khan and Abd-al Karim: Not recognized by any state. |
| → → → Albania Capital: Tirana Principality of Albania (to January 31, 1925) Albanian Republic (from January 31, 1925 to September 1, 1928) Albanian Kingdom (from September 1, 1928) | Widely-recognized independent state. De facto Italian protectorate to August 2, 1920. LON member state from December 17, 1920. |
| Andorra – Principality of Andorra Capital: Andorra La Vella | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Argentina – Argentine Republic Capital: Buenos Aires | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → Armenia (to March 12, 1922) Capital: Yerevan Republic of Armenia (to November 29, 1920) Armenian Socialist Soviet Republic (from November 29, 1920 to March 12, 1922) | Widely-recognized independent state. Became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR from March 12, 1922. |
| Asir – Idrisid Emirate of Asir (to October 21, 1926) Capital: Sabya | Widely-recognized independent state. Vassal state of Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd from October 21, 1926. |
| Asir, Upper – Sheikdom of Upper Asir (to August 30, 1920) Capital: Abha | Widely-recognized independent state. Partitioned between Sultanate of Nejd and Idrisid Emirate of Asir from August 30, 1920. |
| Aussa – Sultanate of Aussa Capital: Aussa | Widely recognized state. |
| Australia – Commonwealth of Australia Capital: Melbourne (to 9 May, 1927), Canberra (from 9 May, 1927) | Widely-recognized independent state after 15 November, 1926. LON founding member state from 10 January, 1920. Australia had two external territories: Norfolk Island  Papua Australia administered two League of Nations mandates: Nauru (Administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom from December 17, 1920) → New Guinea (Administered from December 17, 1920) |
| Austria – Republic of Austria Capital: Vienna | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from December 15, 1920. |
| → → Azerbaijan (to March 12, 1922) Capital: Baku Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (to April 28, 1920) Azerbaijan Socialist Soviet Republic (from April 28, 1920 to March 12, 1922) | Widely-recognized independent state. Became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR from March 12, 1922. Azerbaijan had one protectorate: Nakhichevan ASSR (Protectorate from March 16, 1921) |
| B ||
| Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium Capital: Brussels | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. Belgium had sovereignty over one colony and one concession:  Belgian Congo (Colony) Tientsin (Concession) Belgium administered one League of Nations mandate: Ruanda-Urundi (LON mandate from July 20, 1922. Administrative union with the Belgian Congo from March 1, 1926) |
| Bolivia Capital: Sucre Republic of Bolivia (to July 12, 1920) Republic of Bolivia (from July 12, 1920) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Brazil – Republic of the United States of Brazil Capital: Rio de Janeiro | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920; withdrew in June 14, 1926. Brazil was a federation of 20 states, one territory, and one federal district. |
| Bulgaria – Kingdom of Bulgaria Capital: Sofia | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from December 16, 1920. |
| C ||
| → Canada – Dominion of Canada Capital: Ottawa | Widely-recognized independent state after November 15, 1926. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Chile Capital: Santiago Parliamentary Era (to 18 September 1925) Republic of Chile (from 18 September 1925) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → China – Republic of China Capital: Beijing, Nanjing | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Colombia – Republic of Colombia Capital: Bogotá | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica Capital: San José | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from December 16, 1920; withdrew in January 22, 1925. |
| Cuba – Republic of Cuba Capital: Havana | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → Czechoslovakia Capital: Prague Czecho-Slovak Republic (to 1920) Czechoslovak Republic (from 1920) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| D ||
| Danzig – Free City of Danzig (from November 15, 1920) Capital: Danzig | Widely-recognized independent. Under League of Nations protection. |
| Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark Capital: Copenhagen | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Dominican Republic – Third Dominican Republic Capital: Santo Domingo | Widely-recognized independent state under United States military occupation to 18 September 1924. LON member state from September 28, 1924. |
| E ||
| Ecuador Capital: Quito Republic of Ecuador (to 9 July 1925) Republic of Ecuador (from 9 July 1925) | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Egypt – Kingdom of Egypt (from February 28, 1922) Capital: Cairo | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador Capital: San Salvador | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Estonia – Republic of Estonia Capital: Tallinn | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from September 22, 1921. |
| Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire Capital: Addis Ababa | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from September 28, 1923. |
| F ||
| Finland – Republic of Finland Capital: Helsinki | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from December 16, 1920. |
| Fiume – Free State of Fiume (from November 12, 1920 to February 22, 1924) Capital: Fiume | Widely-recognized independent. Annexed by Italy from February 22, 1924. |
| France – French Republic Capital: Paris | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. France administered the foreign affairs of the following protectorates: French Morocco (Protectorate) France administered the following League of Nations mandates: Alawite (LON mandate from September 2, 1920. Administered by France from September 29, 1923.) Greater Lebanon (LON mandate from September 1, 1920. Administered by France from September 29, 1923) Syrian Federation (LON mandate from June 28, 1922 to January 1, 1925. Administered by France from September 29, 1923) State of Syria (LON mandate from January 1, 1925) → Souaida (LON mandate from July 25, 1920. Administered by France from September 29, 1923) French Cameroons (LON mandate from July 20, 1922) French Togoland (LON mandate from July 20, 1922) Saar Basin (Administered by the United Kingdom and France from January 10, 1920) |
| G ||
| → → Georgia (to March 12, 1922) Capital: Tiflis Democratic Republic of Georgia (to February 11, 1921) Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (from February 11, 1921 to March 12, 1922) | Widely-recognized independent state. Georgian SSR had one autonomous republic (from July 16, 1921): Adjarian ASSR. Became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR from March 12, 1922. SSR Abkhazia (Associated state from December 16, 1921) |
| Germany – German Realm Capital: Berlin | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from September 8, 1926. |
| → Greece Capital: Athens Kingdom of Greece (to March 25, 1924) Hellenic Republic (from March 25, 1924) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala Capital: Guatemala City | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| H ||
| → Ha'il / Jabal Shammar – Emirate of Ha'il (to November 2, 1921) Capital: Ha'il | Widely-recognized independent state. It was completely conquered by Saudi forces from November 2, 1921 and subsequently incorporated into the Sultanate of Nejd. |
| Haiti – Republic of Haiti Capital: Port-au-Prince | Widely-recognized independent state under United States occupation. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → Hejaz – Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (to January 8, 1926) Capital: Mecca | Widely-recognized independent state. Annexed by Sultanate of Nejd, creating the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd from January 8, 1926. |
| Hejaz and Nejd – Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (Personal Union, from January 8, 1926) Capital: Mecca (Hejaz), Riyadh (Nejd) Kingdom of Hejaz and Sultanate of Nejd (from January 8, 1926 to January 29, 1927) Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (from January 29, 1927) | Widely-recognized independent state. Nejd and Hejaz had one protectorate: Asir (from October 21, 1926) |
| Honduras – Republic of Honduras Capital: Tegucigalpa | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → Hungary Capital: Budapest Hungarian Republic (to February 29, 1920) Kingdom of Hungary (from March 1, 1920) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from September 18, 1922. |
| I ||
| Iceland – Kingdom of Iceland Capital: Reykjavík | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Ireland – Irish Free State (from December 6, 1922) Capital: Dublin | Widely-recognized independent state after November 15, 1926. LON member state from September 10, 1923. |
| Italy – Kingdom of Italy Capital: Rome | Widely-recognized independent state under fascism from 31 October 1922. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. Italy had four colonies and three concessions: Amoy (Concession) Italian Cyrenaica (Colony) Italian Eritrea (Colony) Italian Somaliland (Colony) Italian Tripolitania (Colony) Shanghai (Concession) Tientsin (Concession) Trans-Juba (Colony from 15 July 1924 to 10 June 1926) |
| J ||
| Japan – Empire of Japan Capital: Tokyo | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. Japan had sovereignty over the following dependencies and concessions: Chongqing (Concession) Hangzhou (Concession) Hankou (Concession) Japanese Korea (Chōsen) (Dependency) Karafuto (Dependency) Kwantung (Concession) Shashi (Concession) Suzhou (Concession) Taiwan (Dependency) Tientsin (Concession) Japan administered one League of Nations mandate: South Seas Mandate |
| L ||
| & Latvia (disputed between two governments to January 13, 1920) Capital: Riga Republic of Latvia  Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic (to January 13, 1920) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from September 22, 1921. |
| Liberia – Republic of Liberia Capital: Monrovia | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein Capital: Vaduz | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania Capital: Vilnius | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from September 22, 1921. |
| Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Capital: Luxembourg City | Widely-recognized independent state. LON member state from December 16, 1920. |
| M ||
| Mexico – United Mexican States Capital: Mexico City | Widely-recognized independent state. Mexico had sovereignty over one territory: Isla de la Pasión (uninhabited territory) |
| Monaco – Principality of Monaco Capital: Monaco City | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Mountain Republic – Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus (to January 20, 1921) Capital: Temir-Khan-Shura | Widely-recognized independent state. Incorporated into the Russian SFSR as the Mountain ASSR from January 20, 1921. |
| Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman Capital: Muscat | De jure independent state. De facto a British protectorate. |
| N ||
| → Nejd (to January 8, 1926) Capital: Riyadh Emirate of Nejd and Hasa (to August 22, 1921) Sultanate of Nejd (from August 22, 1921 to January 8, 1926) | Widely-recognized independent state. Nejd annexed Hejaz, creating the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd from January 8, 1926. |
| Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal (from December 21, 1923) Capital: Kathmandu | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands Capital: Amsterdam | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. The Netherlands had sovereignty over three colonies: Curaçao and Dependencies Dutch East Indies Surinam |
| Newfoundland – Dominion of Newfoundland Capital: St. John's | Widely-recognized independent state after November 15, 1926. |
| New Zealand – Dominion of New Zealand Capital: Wellington | Widely-recognized independent state after November 15, 1926. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. The following are territories of New Zealand: Cook Islands (Dependent territory) Niue Island (Dependent territory) Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory from November 14, 1923) Union Islands (Dependent territory from February 11, 1926) New Zealand administered one League of Nations mandate: Western Samoa (LON mandate from December 17, 1920) |
| Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua Capital: Managua | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Norway – Kingdom of Norway Capital: Oslo | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. Norway had sovereignty over two uninhabited possessions: Bouvet Island (from January 23, 1928) Sverdrup Islands |
| O ||
| Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State (to November 1, 1922) Capital: Constantinople | Widely-recognized independent state. Ottoman Empire had one protectorate: North Caucasian Emirate (to March 1920) |
| P ||
| Panama – Republic of Panama Capital: Panama City | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay Capital: Asunción | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → Persia Capital: Tehran Persian Empire (to October 31, 1925) Imperial State of Persia (from October 31, 1925) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Peru – Peruvian Republic Capital: Lima | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → Poland – Republic of Poland Capital: Warsaw | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Portugal Capital: Lisbon First Portuguese Republic (to 29 May 1926) Ditadura Nacional (from 29 May 1926) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. The following are colonies and possession of Portugal:  Portuguese Cape Verde (Colony) Portuguese Macau (Colony) Portuguese East Africa (Colony)  Portuguese Guinea (Colony) Portuguese India (Colony)  Portuguese Timor (Colony) Portuguese West Africa (Colony) Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá (Possession) Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe (Colony) |
| R ||
| Romania – Kingdom of Romania Capital: Bucharest | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Russia – Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (to December 30, 1922) Capital: Moscow | Widely-recognized independent state. Became part of the Soviet Union from December 30, 1922. Russia had three protectorates and one concession: Bukhara (Protectorate to October 8, 1920) Khiva (Protectorate to February 2, 1920) Uryankhay (Protectorate to August 14, 1921) Tientsin (De facto concession to September 15, 1920) |
| S ||
| San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino Capital: City of San Marino | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Siam – Kingdom of Siam Capital: Bangkok | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| → South Africa – Union of South Africa Capital: Cape Town, Pretoria, Bloemfontein, and Pietermaritzburg | Widely-recognized independent state after November 15, 1926. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. South Africa administered one League of Nations mandate: → South West Africa (LON mandate from October 1, 1922) |
| → → Soviet Union – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (from December 30, 1922) Capital: Moscow | Widely-recognized independent state. The Soviet Union was a federation of four (later seven) republics. |
| Spain – Kingdom of Spain Capital: Madrid | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. Spain had sovereignty over the following colonies, possessions and protectorate: Elobey, Annobón and Corisco (Colony to 1926) Fernando Poo (Colony to 1926) Río Muni (Colony to 1926)  Spanish Guinea (Colony from 1926) Spanish North Africa (Possession until 1925)  Spanish Sahara (Colony) Spanish Morocco (Protectorate) |
| Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden Capital: Stockholm | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Switzerland – Swiss Confederation Capital: Bern | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| T ||
| Tibet Capital: Lhasa | De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China. |
| Transcaucasia – Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (from March 12 to December 30, 1922) Capital: Tiflis | Widely-recognized independent state. The Transcaucasian SFSR was a federation constituted by the Armenian SSR, the Azerbaijan SSR and the Georgian SSR. Became part of the Soviet Union from December 30, 1922. |
| Turkey (from April 23, 1920) Capital: Ankara State of Turkey (from April 23, 1920 to July 24, 1923) Turkey (from July 24, 1923 to October 29, 1923) Republic of Turkey (from October 29, 1923) | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| U ||
| United Kingdom Capital: London United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (to April 12, 1927) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (from April 12, 1927) | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. The following were colonies, concessions, and territories of the United Kingdom: Aden (Protectorate) Amoy (Concession) Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Condominium of the United Kingdom and the Sultanate/Kingdom of Egypt) Ascension Island (Uninhabited possession, until 20 October 1922) → Bahama Islands (Crown colony) Bahrain – State of Bahrain (Protectorate) Baker Island (Uninhabited possession)  Barbados (Crown colony) Basutoland – Territory of Basutoland (Crown colony) Bechuanaland – Bechuanaland Protectorate (Protectorate) Bermuda (Crown colony)  Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan (Independent state under Treaty of Punakha)  British East Africa (Protectorate to July 23, 1920) British Guiana (Crown colony) British Honduras (Crown colony) British Leeward Islands – Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands (Crown colony) British Somaliland – British Somaliland Protectorate (Protectorate) British Western Pacific Territories (Crown colony) British Windward Islands – Federal Colony of the Windward Islands (Crown colony) Brunei – State of Brunei (Protectorate)  Ceylon (Crown colony) → Cyprus (Crown colony) Egypt (Protectorate to February 28, 1922) → Falkland Islands (Crown colony) Federated Malay States (Protectorate) Gambia – Gambia Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate) → Gibraltar (Crown colony)  Gold Coast (Crown colony) Guernsey – Bailiwick of Guernsey (Crown dependency) Hankou (Concession until 1927) Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited possession) Hong Kong (Crown colony)  British India (Crown colony. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920.) Isle of Man (Crown dependency) Jamaica (Crown colony) Kenya (Crown colony from June 11, 1920 and protectorate from August 13, 1920) Jarvis Island (Uninhabited possession)  Jersey – Bailiwick of Jersey (Crown dependency) Jiujiang (Concession until 1929) Kuwait – Sheikhdom of Kuwait (Protectorate) → Maldive Islands – Sultanate of the Maldive Islands (Protectorate) → Malta (Crown colony) → Mauritius (Crown colony) Nepal (Protectorate to December 21, 1923) Nigeria – Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria (Crown colony and protectorate)  North Borneo (Protectorate) → Northern Rhodesia – Protectorate of Northern Rhodesia (Protectorate) → Nyasaland – Nyasaland Protectorate (Protectorate) Qatar – State of Qatar (Protectorate) Saint Helena (Crown colony) Sarawak – Kingdom of Sarawak (Protectorate) Seychelles (Crown colony) Sierra Leone – Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate (Crown colony and protectorate) Sikkim (Independent state under the Treaty of Tumlong) South Orkney Islands (Uninhabited possession) → Southern Rhodesia – Colony of Southern Rhodesia (Crown colony from 12 September 1923) South Shetland Islands (Uninhabited possession) → Straits Settlements (Crown colony) Suez Canal Zone Crown colony Swaziland – Swaziland Protectorate (Protectorate) Transjordan (Protectorate from April 11, 1921 to September 29, 1923)  Trinidad and Tobago (Crown colony) Tristan da Cunha (Crown colony) Trucial States (Protectorate) Uganda (Protectorate) Unfederated Malay States Johor (Protectorate) Kedah (Protectorate) → Kelantan (Protectorate)  Perlis (Protectorate)  Terengganu (Protectorate) Tientsin (Concession) Union Islands (Colony to February 11, 1926) Victoria Land (Uninhabited possession) Weihaiwei (Concession) Zanzibar (Protectorate) Zhenjiang (Concession until 1929) United Kingdom administered the following League of Nations mandates: British Cameroons (LON mandate from July 20, 1922) British Togoland (LON mandate from July 20, 1922) → Iraq (LON mandate from August 23, 1921) Palestine (LON mandate from April 25, 1920. Administered by the United Kingdom from September 29, 1923) → Transjordan (Administered under the Mandate for Palestine by the United Kingdom from September 29, 1923) Saar Basin (Administered by the United Kingdom and France from January 10, 1920) → Tanganyika (LON mandate from July 20, 1922) |
| United States – United States of America Capital: Washington, D.C. | Widely-recognized independent state. The following were territories of the United States of America: → Alaska (Territory) American Samoa (Territory) Corn Islands (Territory) Guam (Territory) Hawaii (Territory) Howland Island (Uninhabited territory) Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited territory) Kingman Reef (Uninhabited territory) Midway Atoll (Uninhabited territory) Navassa Island (Uninhabited territory)  Panama Canal Zone (Territory) Petrel Islands (Uninhabited territory) Philippine Islands (Territory) Puerto Rico (Territory) Quita Sueno Bank (Uninhabited territory) Roncador Bank (Uninhabited territory) Serrana Bank (Uninhabited territory) Serranilla Bank (Uninhabited territory) Swan Islands (Uninhabited territory) → United States Virgin Islands (Territory) |
| Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay Capital: Montevideo | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| V ||
| Vatican City – Vatican City State (from February 1, 1929; effective from June 7, 1929) Capital: Vatican City | Widely recognized independent state. Vatican City is administered by the Holy See. |
| Venezuela – United States of Venezuela Capital: Caracas | Widely-recognized independent state. LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Y ||
| Yemen – Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen Capital: Sana`a | Widely-recognized independent state. |
| Yugoslavia / Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Capital: Belgrade Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (to January 6, 1929) Kingdom of Yugoslavia (from January 6, 1929) | Widely-recognized independent state; LON founding member state from January 10, 1920. |
| Other entities Excluded from the list above are the following noteworthy entities which either were not fully sovereign or did not claim to be independent: ||
| Alash – Alash Autonomy (to August 26, 1920) Capital: Alash-Qala | Unrecognized state. |
| Ararat – Republic of Ararat (from October 28, 1927) Capital: Kurdava | Unrecognized state. |
| Armenia, Mountainous – Republic of Mountainous Armenia (from April 26, 1920 to July 13, 1921) Capital: Tabriz | Unrecognized state. |
| Azadistan (from April to September 13, 1920) Capital: Goris | Unrecognized state. |
| Baranya–Baja – Serbian–Hungarian Baranya–Baja Republic (from 14 to 25 August 1921) Capital: Pécs | Unrecognized state. |
| Bottleneck – Free State of Bottleneck (to February 23, 1923) Capital: Lorch | Quasi-state. Unoccupied territory within post-World War I Germany. |
| Bukhara (from October 8, 1920 to October 27, 1924) Capital: Bukhara Bukharan People's Soviet Republic (from October 8, 1920 to September 19, 1924) Bukharan Socialist Soviet Republic (from September 19 to October 27, 1924) | Soviet state. |
| Byelorussia – Byelorussian Socialist Soviet Republic (from July 31, 1920 to December 30, 1922) Capital: Minsk | Soviet state. Became part of the Soviet Union from December 30, 1922. |
| Carnaro – Italian Regency of Carnaro (from September 8 to December 30, 1920) Capital: Fiume | Unrecognized state. |
| Central Lithuania – Republic of Central Lithuania (from October 12, 1920) Capital: Vilnius | Puppet state of the Second Polish Republic. |
| Don – Don Republic (to 1920) Capital: Novocherkassk | Unrecognized state. |
| Far Eastern Republic (from April 6, 1920 to November 15, 1922) Capital: Verkhneudinsk (to October 1920), Chita (from October 1920) | Puppet state/Buffer state of Soviet Russia. |
| Galicia – Galician Socialist Soviet Republic (from July 8 to September 21, 1920) Capital: Ternopil | Unrecognized state. |
| Gilan – Persian Socialist Soviet Republic (from June 1920 to September 1921) Capital: Rasht | Unrecognized state. |
| Ireland – Irish Republic (to December 6, 1922) Capital: Dublin | Unrecognized state. |
| Karelia Karelian United Government (from December 20, 1920 to April 21, 1921) Republic of Eastern Karelia (from April 21, 1921 to July 23, 1923) | Unrecognized state. |
| Kholodny Yar – Kholodny Yar Republic (to 1922) Capital: Melnyky, Cherkasy Raion | Unrecognized state. |
| Khorasan – Autonomous Government of Khorasan (from April 2, 1921 to October 6, 1921) Capital: Mashhad | Unrecognized state. |
| Khorezm (from April 26, 1920 to October 27, 1924) Capital: Khiva Khorezm People's Soviet Republic (from April 26, 1920 to October 20, 1923) Khorezm Socialist Soviet Republic (from October 20, 1923 to October 27, 1924) | Soviet state. |
| Korea, Provisional Government of – Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea Capital-in-exile: Shanghai | Partially recognized Korean government-in-exile. |
| Kuban – Kuban People's Republic (to March 17, 1920) Capital: Yekaterinodar | Unrecognized state. |
| Kurdistan – Kingdom of Kurdistan (from September 1921 to July 1925) Capital: Sulaymaniyah | Unrecognized state. |
| Labin – Labin Republic (from March 2 to April 8, 1921) Capital: Labin | Unrecognized state. |
| Leitha – Banate of Leitha (from October 4 to November 10, 1921) Capital: Oberwart | Unrecognized state. |
| Lemko Republic – Lemko-Rusyn People's Republic (to March 1920) Capital: Florynka | Unrecognized state. |
| Mirdita – Republic of Mirdita (from July 17 to November 20, 1921) Capital: Prizren | Unrecognized state. |
| → → Mongolia (from February 21, 1921) Capital: Niislel Khüree (renamed Ulaanbaatar in 1924) Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (from February 21 to July 11, 1921) Mongolian People's Government (from July 11, 1921 to November 26, 1924) Mongolian People's Republic (from November 26, 1924) | Partially recognized socialist republic. Under Soviet intervention from 1921 to 1924. Satellite state of the Soviet Union from November 26, 1924. |
| North Ingria – Republic of North Ingria (to December 5, 1920) Capital: Kirjasalo | Unrecognized state. |
| Raqqa – Independent State of Raqqa (from August 10, 1920 to December 17, 1921) Capital: Raqqa | Unrecognized state. |
| Rhineland – Rhenish Republic (from October 21, 1923 to November 26, 1924) Capital: Aachen | Unrecognized state. |
| Rif – Confederal Republic of the Tribes of the Rif (from September 18, 1921 to May 27, 1926) Capital: Ajdir | Unrecognized state. |
| Southern Karelia – Olonets Government of Southern Karelia (from May to December 20, 1920) | Unrecognized state. |
| Syria – Arab Kingdom of Syria (to July 25, 1920) Capital: Damascus | De facto independent state not recognized by any other state. |
| → Tannu Tuva (from August 14, 1921) Capital: Khem-Beldyr People's Republic of Tannu Tuva (from August 14, 1921 to November 24, 1926) Tuvan People's Republic (from November 24, 1926) | Partially recognized socialist republic. Satellite state of the Soviet Union. |
| Uhtua – Republic of Uhtua (to December 19, 1920) Capital: Uhtua | Unrecognized state. |
| Ukraine, Soviet – Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (to December 30, 1922) Capital: Kharkov | Soviet proto-state. Became part of the Soviet Union from December 30, 1922. |