OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Land exchange

A land exchange or land swap is the voluntary exchange of land between two parties, typically a private owner and a government. These parties may include farmers, estate owners, developers, nature organizations, and governments. Land swaps may also take place between two sovereign nations for practical, geographical, or economic reasons.
The exchange of land is undertaken for a variety of reasons, among them the conversion or rehabilitation of a parcel of land to nature or to further the aims of real estate developers. Exchanges frequently present substantial challenges and risks to conservation efforts, particularly in safeguarding historic landscapes, as well as raising public access concerns for land that transitions from public to private ownership.
After the Netherlands designated the Dutch National Ecological Network, provincial governments in the country established programs offering financial and organizational assistance for the acquisition of agricultural land and its restoration to more natural habitats.

## Examples
### Bangladesh and India

* India–Bangladesh enclaves

### Jordan

* Jordan transfer desert lands to Saudi Arabia in exchange to land south of Aqaba in 1965 so Jordan can extend its only sea access.

### Kosovo and Serbia

* Proposed land swap Kosovo–Serbia land swap

### United Kingdom

* The township of Boycott (in the parish of Stowe), transferred to Buckinghamshire.
* The parish of Swineshead was an exclave of the county surrounded by Bedfordshire, 1278 acres (517 ha). In 1896, the parish was transferred to Bedfordshire in exchange for the parish of Tilbrook.

### United States

* United States–Mexico Rio Grande Border Finalization
* Anglo-American Convention of 1818
# Ralph Caraffi

Ralph Caraffi (January 19, 1901 – January 1, 1978) was an American soccer player who played as a midfielder. Caraffi played one season in the professional American Soccer League. The remainder of his nineteen-year career was with semi-professional and amateur leagues. Caraffi is a member of the National Soccer Hall of Fame.

## Career

Caraffi was born in Dunlevy, Pennsylvania. In 1915, at the age of fifteen, he began playing with the semi-professional Vestaburg which competed in an obscure Pennsylvania league. He left Vestaburg in 1917 after which there is a two-year gap in the record of his career. However, the U.S. involvement in World War I caused the suspension of several leagues due to the loss of players to military service. Caraffi's National Soccer Hall of Fame profile notes that he played for the U.S. Army team in Europe and this may account for those missing two years. In 1919, Caraffi signed with the Fall River Rovers of the semi-professional Southern New England Soccer League. He spent two seasons with the Rovers until the team and the league folded in 1921. That occurred in response to the establishment of the American Soccer League which was formed by several of the top SNESL and National Association Football League teams. The Rovers were disbanded and a new, fully professional, team, Fall River United was formed and entered the ASL. Caraffi moved to Fall River United, playing six games that season. There is another between 1922 and 1926 when he is on record as playing for the semi-professional American Hungarians of the Northeastern Ohio major league in Cleveland, Ohio. In 1929, Caraffi joined Cleveland Bruell Insurance in the newly established Midwest Professional Soccer League. In 1930, Bruell Insurance went to the final of the National Challenge Cup before falling to the Fall River F.C.

## Later life

After retiring from playing in 1934, Caraffi became a youth soccer coach with Bartunek Clothes for three years. He was also a referee from 1954 to 1957.
Caraffi was inducted as one of the first classes into the National Soccer Hall of Fame in 1959 and the Greater Cleveland Sports Hall of Fame in 1992.
His wife continued to live in the Cleveland area until her death in 2008. His family still resides in the Greater Cleveland Area.
# Eli Driks

Eli Driks (Hebrew: אלי דריקס, born 13 October 1964) is an Israeli former footballer who worked as marketing CEO for the basketball and football arms of Maccabi Tel Aviv.

## Career statistics
### International goals

| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 18 October 1988 | Vasermil Stadium, Be'er Sheva, Israel | Malta | 2–0 | Win | Friendly |
| 2. | 8 February 1989 | Ramat Gan Stadium, Ramat Gan, Israel | Wales | 3–3 | Draw | Friendly |
| 3. | 12 February 1992 | Teddy Stadium, Jerusalem, Israel | CIS | 1–2 | Lose | Friendly |
| 4. | 20 September 1995 | Teddy Stadium, Jerusalem, Israel | Uruguay | 3–1 | Win | Friendly |
| Correct as of 28 March 2013 |||||||

## Honours

* Israeli Premier League: 1991–92, 1994–95, 1995–96
* Israel State Cup: 1987, 1988, 1994, 1996
* Toto Cup: 1984–85, 1992–93, 1998–99
# Sheila McGuffie

Sheila McGuffie later Sheila Anscombe (14 December 1911 - 2007) was an aeronautical engineer, who was part of the team that developed the first jet engine.

## Early life and education

Sheila Emmet McGuffie was born on 14 December 1911 in Whaley Bridge, Derbyshire to Evelyn Maud (née Emmett) and John Carruthers McGuffie, one of five children. She studied Electrical Engineering at the Victoria University of Manchester and graduated in 1932 with an honours degree. She was one of two women to graduate from the department at the same time, the other being Beatrice Shilling. In an article written by McGuffie in the Glasgow Herald in 1950, she recalled that only four women took degrees in engineering in the UK in the year she graduated, which was a record number. In the same article she recalled riding pillion on Shillings' motor bike over Manchester's cobbled streets.

## Career

McGuffie found it difficult to obtain employment after graduating and started her career as an apprentice in electrical contracting and house wiring, about which she later wrote an article in The Woman Engineer. She subsequently spent three years as a test records engineer at A.C Engineers, Rugby and then from 1936 worked as a wind tunnel scientist at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough.
She gained her pilot's A licence (No. 14060) while working there, on 17 July 1936 flying a Pobjoy aircraft at Coventry Aeroplane Club. She was the first woman member and the tenth pupil of the Coventry Aviation Group to fly solo. McGuffie married Leonard Douglas Anscombe, an electrical designer and fellow pilot in the Coventry club in June 1938 at Chapel en le Frith, where her parents had settled. She kept flying as a member of the Civil Air Guard.
Now known as Sheila Anscombe, she worked as a test engineer at Power Jets from 1940 to 1942 with Frank Whittle's team developing the first jet engine, and she was present at the first flight at Cranwell in May 1941.
During the Second World War McGuffie also worked as an ambulance driver.

## Professional memberships

* Royal Aeronautical Society (student/full member)
* Women's Engineering Society (member)
# Valley Brook, New York

Valley Brook is a hamlet located 2 miles (3 km) west of Fort Plain, on NY 80 in Montgomery County, New York, United States. Otsquene Creek enters Otsquago Creek just west of Valley Brook, and Otsquago Creek, a tributary of the Mohawk River, flows east through the hamlet.
# Can't Help Myself (Flowers song)

"Can't Help Myself" is the first single released by the Australian synthpop/rock band Flowers, later known as Icehouse. It was released in May 1980 as a 7" vinyl single on independent label, Regular Records, five months ahead of debut album Icehouse. A 10" vinyl single was released in July and had a cover depicting individual images of band members diagonally across the band's name and the single's title (see infobox at right middle). It peaked at #10 on the Australian Singles Charts.
The music video was filmed in 1980 in a car park in Chatswood, Sydney.
It was also released in the UK on Chrysalis Records in October 1981 as the second single under the band name Icehouse (see infobox at right below) as both a 7" and 10" vinyl single and later in the U.S. as a 7" and 12" single. A remix version by Australian Trance DJ, beXta, was released on the Icehouse album Meltdown in 2002.
In January 2018, as part of Triple M's "Ozzest 100", the 'most Australian' songs of all time, "Can't Help Myself" was ranked number 85.

## Reception

In a single review Cash Box magazine called it "a quick stepping rhythm embellished by both guitar and synthesiser, draws the listener in."

## Track listing

All tracks written by Iva Davies (as Ivor Arthur Davies) unless otherwise indicated.

### 7" single (Australian release)

* "Can't Help Myself" - 3:10
* "Send Somebody" (Iva Davies, Michael Hoste) - 3:42

### 10" single (Australian release)

* "Can't Help Myself"
* "Send Somebody" (Davies, Hoste)
* "Can't Help Myself" (Extended version)

### 7" single (UK release)

* "Can't Help Myself" (Club Mix 1) - 3:27
* "Fatman" - 3:50

### 12" single (UK release)

* "Can't Help Myself" (Club Mix 1)
* "Can't Help Myself" (Club Mix 2)
* "Fatman"

### 12" single (US release)

* "Can't Help Myself" (Version 1) - 5:56
* "Can't Help Myself" (Version 2) - 5:56

## Personnel

Credits:

### Flowers members

* Iva Davies – vocals, guitar, oboe, keyboards
* Michael Hoste – keyboards
* John Lloyd – drums, backing vocals
* Keith Welsh – bass guitar, backing vocals

### Recording details

* Engineer: John Bee, David Cafe, Gerry Nixon
* Producer: Cameron Allan, Iva Davies
* Studios: Studios 301 except "Can't Help Myself" and "Send Somebody", recorded at Paradise Studios.
* Re-mix — Ed Thacker, Daniel Coulombe
* Mastering: David Hemming, Rick O'Neil

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1980) | Peak position |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 10 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 29 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1980) | Position |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 44 |
# Tell Qarqur

Tell Qarqur (Arabic: تل قرقور) is a major archaeological site located in the Orontes River Valley of western Syria. Situated in a rich alluvial plain known as the Ghab valley, the double-mounded site lies near the modern Syrian town of Jisr ash-Shugur and one kilometer west of the village of Qarqur.

## History

Tell Qarqur possesses a 10,000-year history of virtually continuous occupation, from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (c. 8500 BC) through the Mamluk period (AD 1350).
However, the settlement reached its greatest extent during the Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BC), and again during the Iron Age II (1000–500 BC). The site is probably best known for its probable association with the ancient town of Qarqar, the location of a major battle that occurred in 853 BC. The Battle of Qarqar, recorded both in Neo-Assyrian royal annals and on the Kurkh Monoliths, was fought between the Neo-Assyrian army under the leadership of Shalmaneser III and a coalition of small Levantine kingdoms. The Levantine alliance included Biblical figures such as King Hadadezer (Ben Hadad) of Damascus and King Ahab of Israel.

## Archaeology

The tell has two mounds, a smaller one to the north and a larger one to the south. The high mound extends to 30 metres (98 ft) above the plain. Tell Qarqur was first subjected to scientific excavation in 1983 and 1984 by an expedition of the American Schools of Oriental Research (ASOR) and Brigham Young University (BYU), led by John M. Lundquist of BYU. From 1993 to 2001 the site was excavated by an ASOR-sponsored expedition under the direction of Dr. Rudolph Dornemann. The excavations uncovered remains of many different phases of the site's long occupational history, but the project found especially impressive remains dating to the Early Bronze Age IV (2200–2000 BC) and the Iron Age I–II (1200–500 BC). Finds included several phases of stone-built fortification walls, numerous private houses, and a temple complex dating to the later third millennium BC. After a pause, excavations were resumed in 2005 when the University of Arkansas became a cosponsor of the project and Dr. Jesse Casana joined the expedition. Work was conducted for three seasons, in 2005, 2007 and 2008.
Archeological team found out that Tell Qarqur not only survived "4.2 kiloyear event", a severe aridification event that brought collapse to nearby civilisations, but even expanded. Several important artifacts from the site are currently on display at the Hama Museum in Hama, Syria.

## Destruction of the site

From 2014 until September 2017, the terrorist Turkistan Islamic Party, an Alqaeda offshoot, destroyed the site. Reports emerged that the destruction, which can be viewed through satellite imagery, was done under the supervision of unidentified civilians who were not Syrian nor members of the Turkistan Islamic Party militants.
The site has suffered significant looting and damage from military activity during the Syrian Civil War.
# IL-4-inhibitor-1

IL-4-inhibitor-1 is an experimental drug which was the first molecule discovered that interferes with the binding between interleukin-4 and the Interleukin-4 receptor, and so blocks its activity in the body. Interleukin-4 is a cytokine signalling molecule which has an important role in processes such as inflammation and wound repair, but excessive IL-4 activity is a feature of some forms of cancer as well as some inflammatory conditions such as asthma, so blocking IL-4 activity may have several potential medical applications. IL-4-inhibitor-1 binds with reasonable affinity but is unlikely to be potent enough for clinical use, however its development is likely to lead to the development of more potent related drugs. The interleukin-4 receptor is also the target for a different cytokine interleukin-13, but it remains unclear at this stage whether IL-4-inhibitor-1 is selective for inhibition of IL-4 while sparing IL-13 activity, or if it blocks the activity of both cytokines.
# Byron Keith

Byron Keith (born Cletus Leo Schwitters; November 17, 1917 – January 19, 1996) was an American actor. He also worked on radio as Clete Lee.
Keith made his film debut in the 1946 Orson Welles thriller The Stranger and appeared mostly in supporting character roles in film and television productions, including Untamed Mistress (1956), The Great Bank Robbery (1969) and Beware! The Blob (1972). He is best known for his recurring part as Gotham City's Mayor Linseed on the 1960s television series Batman. He also had a recurring role as police lieutenant Roy Gilmore in 77 Sunset Strip.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1946 | The Stranger | Dr. Jeffrey Lawrence | |
| 1949 | Fighting Man of the Plains | Jonas - Lanyard's Secretary | Uncredited |
| 1950 | Dallas | Jason Trask | Uncredited |
| 1951 | Queen for a Day | The Chauffeur | |
| 1951 | Journey Into Light | Dan - Policeman | |
| 1952 | The Black Lash | Bill Leonard | |
| 1954 | Prisoner of War | Bley Risking | Uncredited |
| 1954 | Naked Alibi | Detective | Uncredited |
| 1955 | Battle Cry | Recruiting Sergeant | Uncredited |
| 1955 | Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops | Cop | Uncredited |
| 1956 | Untamed Mistress | Maharajah Parsta | |
| 1957 | Chicago Confidential | TV Announcer | Uncredited |
| 1957 | Under Fire | Capt. Tanner | Uncredited |
| 1959 | Speed Crazy | Jim Brand | |
| 1961 | A Fever in the Blood | Frankie Kovac | Uncredited |
| 1964 | Bewitched: "Little Pitchers Have Big Fears" episode | Coach Gribben |
| 1965 | Brainstorm | Guard | Uncredited |
| 1969 | The Great Bank Robbery | Deputy Mort | |
| 1972 | Beware! The Blob | Bowling Customer | |
# Zappeion

The Zappeion (Greek: Ζάππειον Μέγαρο, romanized: Záppeion Mégaro, pronounced ) is a large, palatial building next to the National Gardens of Athens in the heart of Athens, Greece. It is generally used for meetings and ceremonies, both official and private and is one of the city's most renowned modern landmarks.

## Constructing the Zappeion

In 1869, the Greek Parliament allocated 80,000 square metres (860,000 sq ft) of public land between the Palace Gardens and the ancient Temple of Olympian Zeus, and also passed a law on 30 November 1869, "for the building works of the Olympic Games", as the Zappeion was the first building to be erected specifically for the revival of the Olympic Games in the modern world. The ancient Panathenian stadium was also refurbished as part of the works for the Olympic Games. Following some delay, on 20 January 1874, the cornerstone of the building was laid; this new building would be designed by Danish architect Theophil Hansen. Finally, on 20 October 1888, the Zappeion opened. Unfortunately for its benefactor, Evangelis Zappas, he did not live long enough to see the Zappeion built, and his cousin Konstantinos Zappas was nominated by Evangelos Zappas to complete the building. The Austrian Parliament Building was also designed by Hansen and followed the same theme in the exterior.

## History

The Zappeion was used during the 1896 Summer Olympics as the main fencing hall. A decade later, at the 1906 Intercalated Games, it was used as the Olympic Village. It served as the first host for the organizing committee (ATHOC) for the 2004 Games from 1998 to 1999 and served as the press center during the 2004 games. In 1938, the Athens Radio Station, the country's first national broadcaster, began operating in the premises. The building continued to house the National Radio Foundation until the inauguration of the House of Radio in 1970.
A number of historical events have taken place at the Zappeion, including the signing of the documents formalizing Greece's accession to the European Community in May, 1979, which took place in the building's marble-clad, peristyle main atrium.
The head of Evangelos Zappas is 'buried' inside a wall in the Zappeion.

## Current Building Uses

The Zappeion is currently being used as a Conference and Exhibition Center for both public and private purposes.

### Halls and Floor Plans

The building contains about 25 distinct rooms that range in size from 97 square metres (1,044 sq ft) to 984 square metres (10,592 sq ft).

### In numismatics

The Zappeion was recently selected as the main motif for high-value euro collectors' coins; the €100 Greek The Olympic Village Zappeion commemorative coin, minted in 2003 to commemorate the 2004 Summer Olympics. In the obverse of the coin, a front view of the building is depicted.

## Statues

Various statues are placed in the gardens of the Zappeion area.
* Statue of Evangelos Zappas made by Ioannis Kossos
* Angel
* Little mower
* Eros breaking his bow
* Fisherman
# Elizat Abdureshit

Elizat Abdureshit (Chinese: 艾力扎提·阿不都热西提; born 1 February 2000) is a Chinese footballer currently playing as a forward for Dalian Huayi.
On 10 September 2024, Chinese Football Association announced that Elizat was banned from football-related activities for five years, from 10 September 2024 to 9 September 2029, for involving in match-fixing.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 17 August 2021.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Xinjiang Tianshan Leopard | 2021 | China League One | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
# James Hay Stevens

James Hay Stevens CEng FRAeS (10 November 1913 – 1973) was an aviation journalist, editor of Aircraft Engineering (1945-1957) magazine, illustrator and pilot. He created the Skybirds range of 1:72 scale model aircraft kits produced by A. J. Holladay & Co., the same scale later being adopted by Airfix. Between 1938-1939 he contributed articles and illustrations to Air Stories magazine, and between 1959–1967, he contributed articles to the newspaper The Times.
In 1933 he attended the College of Aeronautical Engineering in Chelsea, earning a first-class diploma for practice and theory.
He lived in Borehamwood.
# Faizan

Faizan (Arabic: فيضان romanised: Faizan, Bengali: ফাইজান romanised: Faijan, Urdu: فیضان romanised: Faizan), also spelt Faizan, Faydhan, Faizon, Faidhan, Faizaan, and Fayzan, a variant of Faiz, is a male given name and a surname. It has been variously translated as meaning "successful", "beneficence", "ruler", "benefit" and "generosity".

## People
### Given name

* Faizan Arif (born 2001), J&K's first recognized independent weatherman, columnist, and founder of Kashmir Weather.
* Faizan Asif (born 1992), Emirati cricketer
* Faizan Khawaja (born 1986), Pakistani-American actor
* Faizan Kidwai, Actor
* Faizan Mustafa, lawyer and academic
* Faizan Peerzada (1958–2012), Pakistani artist, puppeteer and theater director
* Faizan Riaz (born 1988), Pakistani cricketer

### Surname

* Faizanullah Faizan, Afghan politician
# 1998 Liberty Flames football team

The 1998 Liberty Flames football team represented Liberty University as an independent during the 1998 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by tenth-year head coach Sam Rutigliano, the Flames compiled an overall record of 5–6.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 5 | | at Appalachian State | Kidd Brewer StadiumBoone, NC | L 19–28 | 13,161 |
| September 19 | | South Florida | Williams StadiumLynchburg, VA | L 21–24 | 11,689 |
| September 26 | | Glenville State | Williams StadiumLynchburg, VA | W 21–7 | |
| October 3 | 7:30 p.m. | Charleston Southern | Williams StadiumLynchburg, VA | W 28–21 $^{OT}$ | 12,623 |
| October 10 | | at No. 3 Hampton | Armstrong StadiumHampton, VA | L 0–21 | 3,019 |
| October 17 | | at Delaware State | Alumni StadiumDover, DE | W 53–21 | |
| October 24 | | Buffalo | Williams StadiumLynchburg, VA | W 27–24 $^{OT}$ | 10,831 |
| October 31 | | at Elon | Burlington Memorial StadiumBurlington, NC | L 14–36 | |
| November 7 | | Norfolk State | Williams StadiumLynchburg, VA | W 45–12 | 7,321 |
| November 14 | | at Hofstra | Hofstra StadiumHempstead, NY | L 24–38 | |
| November 21 | | at Cal Poly | Mustang StadiumSan Luis Obispo, CA | L 35–45 | |
| Rankings from The Sports Network Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Eastern time |||||||
# Ryan Hampshire

Ryan Hampshire (born 29 December 1994) is an English professional rugby league footballer who play as a fullback, scrum-half or stand-off for Featherstone Rovers in the RFL Championship.
He has previously played for the Wigan Warriors in the Super League, and on loan from Wigan at Workington Town in the Kingstone Press Championship and the Castleford Tigers in the top flight. Hampshire has also played for the Leigh Centurions and finally Wakefield in the Super League.

## Background

Hampshire was born in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England.
Nicknamed "Rocky", he grew up supporting the Wakefield Trinity and played at the Normanton Knights as a junior.

## Career

In December 2017 he signed with Wakefield Trinity for the 2018 season. Hampshire joined Wigan Warriors in January 2023 and played for the club until October 2024.

### Featherstone Rovers

On 8 March 2025 it was reported that he had signed for Featherstone Rovers in the RFL Championship

## Honours
### Wigan Warriors

* Super League
** Winners (2): 2023, 2024
* League Leaders' Shield
** Winners (2): 2023, 2024
* Challenge Cup
** Winners (1): 2024
* World Club Challenge
** Winners (1): 2024