OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Douglas of Drumlanrig

Sir William Douglas, 1st of Drumlanrig (c. 1378 – c. 1421) was the illegitimate son of James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas.

## Early life

He was granted the Barony of Drumlanrig by his father in the 1380s. By the age of about 20 he had been knighted, and in October 1405 he was granted safe conduct by Henry IV of England to attend a tournament in London.
He spent the next few years 'constantly passing to England, either as a commissioner for truce, as a hostage, or on diplomatic business'. Possibly in recognition of his role as hostage on his behalf, he was granted the Barony of Hawick by his cousin Archibald, 4th Earl of Douglas, in 1407. In 1412 he was back in Henry IV's Court to negotiate the release of James I of Scotland, who had been captured by the English when a boy 10 years earlier.

## Career in France and death

The Douglas family had built its reputation on border warfare with the English, but this conflict had declined from the 1380s. Instead, the war between France and England on the continent offered opportunities for military glory. At the invitation of the French Dauphin Charles, Drumlanrig brought a company of 450 men to France in the fight alongside the French forces against the English.
In 1420 he led a Scots force to defeat at Fresnay, where he lost his banner to the English forces. He was present during the victory against the English at the Battle of Baugé in 1421, but he probably died that same year whilst in France. (The later date of 1427, often presented as his year of death on genealogy websites, was instead the year his son was 'retoured' to his father, that is confirmed as his heir, when it was noted his father had died six years earlier).

## Marriage and issue

He had one son, William Douglas, 2nd of Drumlanrig, and a daughter, Marion Douglas (born c.1402), who married Robert de Chisholm.
There are various versions about who William Douglas married. Whilst most sources suggest he married Elizabeth Stewart of Durisdeer, other sources suggest he subsequently married Jean Murray (c1402) and after her death, Jacoba Douglas (c1410).
Percy Adams, writing in 1921, omits any reference to Elizabeth and names only the two other women as his wives. He posits Jean Murray as the mother of his heir, William, 2nd Lord Drumlanrig.

## In fiction

Sir William Douglas of Drumlanrig has a small role to play in the historical novel 'Lion Let Loose' (1967) by Nigel Tranter. His role to negotiate the release of the captured James I of Scotland is noted, whilst he eventually speaks to the King when fighting on opposing sides in France in 1420. The novelist describes him as a 'big, forceful red-headed bull of a man' who has this to say to the semi-captive King James:
Think you we were ever fighting for France? ... We fight for Scotland only. We'd liefer fight the English here, in France, than on our own Scots soil! That's the whole of it.
# Wang Li (pianist)

Wang Li (Chinese: 王犁; born 1974 in Beijing, China) is a pianist. He began his piano studies under his father, Wang Yanqiao, a composer In China, and was accepted to study at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing at the age of 6. His studies later continued in Japan under Hiroko Edo, and in France at the Conservatoire national superiere de musique in Paris, under Brigitte Engerer. He went on to study in Canada at The Glenn Gould School of the Royal Conservatory of Music, where he was a student of James Anagnoson. He currently resides in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Wang was awarded both the 2nd prize and Best Concerto Prize at the AXA Dublin International Piano Competition in May 2003. He was also a first prize winner in Brazil's Arts Livre Competition, a Gold Medalist in the First Canadian Chopin Competition (as well as receiving a special prize for both best Mazurka and best Polonaise), a Silver Medalist in the 9th Southern Missouri International Piano Competition, 3rd prize in the 37th Maria Canals International Piano Competition in Barcelona, and a finalist at the Liszt Competition in Budapest.
His playing has been broadcast on CBC and CJRT radio, and both BRAVO! arts channel and City TV. Wang's appearances with orchestra include concertos with the Hungarian Symphony Orchestra, the Sinfonia Cultura Orchestra, and the RTÉ National Symphony Orchestra.
# Everything Is Recorded by Richard Russell

Everything Is Recorded by Richard Russell is the debut studio album by Everything Is Recorded, a music project spearheaded by Richard Russell. It was released on 16 February 2018 through his record label XL Recordings. It peaked at number 66 on UK Albums Chart. It received generally favorable reviews from critics.

## Background

The album features guest appearances from Sampha, Obongjayar, Kamasi Washington, Giggs, Ibeyi, Wiki, Syd, Rachel Zeffira, Infinite, Green Gartside, Peter Gabriel, and Owen Pallett. It was recorded at Richard Russell's West London studio, the Copper House. In a 2018 interview, when asked about the inspiration behind the album, Russell stated, "I think the Soul II Soul and Massive Attack thing is absolutely relevant, yes."

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 75/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| Exclaim! | 8/10 |
| Pitchfork | 7.2/10 |
| Under the Radar | |
According to the review aggregator Metacritic, Everything Is Recorded by Richard Russell received "generally favorable reviews" based on a weighted average score of 75 out of 100 from 10 critic scores.
Ian Gormely of Exclaim! stated, "Fitting XL's eclectic roster, Everything Is Recorded by Richard Russell touches on dub, soul, UK garage and bass music, among many other sounds." He added, "Even if at times he's somewhat overshadowed by his collaborators, Russell manages to have his voice shine through." Gareth James of Clash commented that "Diverse talents are woven together with ease by a man with an encyclopaedic knowledge of how music can affect us." Michael Watkins of Under the Radar called the album "a mixture of 12 tracks that are warm, vibrant, and surprisingly cohesive."
The album was shortlisted for the 2018 Mercury Prize.

## Charts

Chart performance for Everything Is Recorded by Richard Russell :
| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 66 |
| UK Independent Albums (OCC) | 8 |
# La Verne/Fairplex station

La Verne/Fairplex station is a future at-grade light rail station in the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. It is currently under construction as part of the Foothill Extension Project and is slated to open around August 2025 or sometime later in the summer.
The station is located near the intersection of Arrow Highway and E Street along the Pasadena Subdivision right-of-way in La Verne, California. The University of La Verne is northwest of the station, and Fairplex is one block to the south.
The city of La Verne, in partnership with the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments, intends to construct a pedestrian overpass connecting the A Line station with the Fairplex and its Metrolink station that's only used for the L.A. County Fair. The overpass will cross Arrow Highway and the San Bernardino Line railroad right-of-way.
# Timothy Hartshorn House

The Timothy Hartshorn House is a historic house in Reading, Massachusetts. This 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame house was built c. 1787 by Timothy Hartshorn, a farmer and shoemaker, and remained in his family for over 100 years. It is a vernacular Georgian-Federal style, with five bays and a central chimney. The main entrance is flanked by sidelight windows and fluted pilasters, supporting an entablature with high capitals, but is somewhat obscured by the 19th century porch.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
# Enes Mameledžija

Enes Mameledžija (born 16 August 1949) is a Bosnian former professional footballer.

## Career

He played his football in Yugoslavia for Iskra Bugojno then was traded FC Sète of France. He went on to play for Athlétic Club Arlésien (AC Arles). He was later traded to the Chicago Sting of the NASL.
# Jocelyn Scheirer

Jocelyn Scheirer is an American entrepreneur, scientist, and artist who works in wearable technology and affective computing.

## Education and published works

Scheirer graduated from Concord Academy in Concord, Massachusetts in 1985. She obtained a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and English Literature from Tufts University in 1989. She then received a master's degree from Brandeis University, focusing on Developmental and Social Psychology, graduating in 1996. Scheirer was a PhD candidate in Media Arts and Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (all but dissertation) from 1996 to 2001.

## Career

Scheirer worked as a research technician under Arthur S. Tischler in the endocrine pathology lab at Tufts University School of Medicine from 1991 to 1994.
She worked as a research assistant in the MIT Media Lab's Affective Computing Group. She worked on affective objects, or physical objects that can record emotional data from a given subject and relay that information to that subject or to observers in a given environment. She published several studies on the topic with Rosalind Picard, the founder of the Affective Computing Research Group.
Scheirer briefly worked as a consultant for Sherry Turkle in the Science, technology, and society department at MIT. conducting ethnographic research for Turkle's book Alone Together from 2000 to 2001.

### Emphathyx

In 2006, Scheirer founded her first MIT Media Lab spinout Empathyx, Inc. where she attempted to commercialize the Galvactivator.

### Affective

Scheirer co-founded the emotional analytics company Affectiva in 2009, and was their director of operations until 2010.
In 2009, Affectiva licensed the Galvactivator from MIT. Rana el Kaliouby and Rosalind Picard would continue to utilize the patent over the next 3 years, developing their own skin conductance sensor called the Q Sensor which also used some of the technology from the MIT Media Lab's iCalm, another wearable physiological monitoring device. Affectiva used the Q Sensor in addition to their facial recognition software to measure physiological stress and excitement in focus groups. Affectiva discontinued their use of the "Q Sensor" in 2013 to focus their attention exclusively on their patented Affdex facial recognition software.

### Boards

She was elected to sit on the board of the MIT Enterprise Forum of New York City in September 2015. She is also a research scholar at the Ronin Institute.

## Art

Scheirer has also created several visual and performance art pieces that have been featured in several galleries in Massachusetts. Most recently, Scheirer created her abstract Glyph series which includes acrylic paintings like "Red Nuns" (2023).

## Patents

"Sensing and Display of Skin Conductivity.” U.S. Patent 6415176. Issued July 2, 2002. (Jocelyn Scheirer, Rosalind Picard, Nancy Tilbury, and Jonathan Farringdon)
# America By the Numbers with Maria Hinojosa: Clarkston Georgia

America by The Numbers with Maria Hinojosa: Clarkston Georgia is a half-hour television program, airing as a Need to Know Election 2012 special on PBS. It premiered on September 21, 2012.

## Production

America by The Numbers with Maria Hinojosa: Clarkston Georgia is produced by The Futuro Media Group and hosted by Maria Hinojosa. It is the first full-length television program to be produced by The Futuro Media Group and the first public affairs program on PBS to be both executive produced and anchored by a Latina woman.
Produced with the support of:
* The National Minority Consortia
* Ford Foundation
* Marguerite Casey Foundation

## Content

America By The Numbers with Maria Hinojosa: Clarkston Georgia is the story of a small town of 7,500 people that has gone from being 90% white in the 1980s to less than 14% white today. Located in the shadow of Stone Mountain, once a gathering place for Ku Klux Klan cross burnings, today Clarkston, Georgia is home to thousands of refugees from Vietnam, Somalia, Iraq and Bhutan – along with some 40 other countries. The program is a look at one of the most diverse communities in America and how changing demographics are reshaping the political landscape in America.

## Critical reception

Early critical reception has been positive. Esther Cepeda of The Holland Sentinel states that the program is "simply an example of how diversity truly plays a leading role in helping the melting pot make new Americans out of recent arrivals. It's also a celebration of an America where a Hispanic journalist can skillfully illuminate the experiences of a unique group of recent immigrants and their nervous neighbors without ever having to utter a word of Spanish."
# Enarganthe

Enarganthe is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Aizoaceae. It contains a single species, Enarganthe octonaria.
Its native range is South African Republic.

## Phylogeny

Klak et al. (2013) shows this phylogenetic consensus tree based on the Bayesian analysis using 10 chlorophyll markers.
# Will Pearsall

Will Pearsall (born 12 March 1995) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer. He played for the Newcastle Knights in the National Rugby League as a five-eighth and halfback.

## Background

Born in Young, New South Wales, Pearsall played his junior rugby league for The Entrance Tigers, before being signed by the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles.

## Playing career
### Early career

From 2012 to 2015, Pearsall played for the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles' NYC team. In 2015, he captained the side. In October 2015, he signed a two-year contract with the Newcastle Knights starting in 2016.

### 2016

In round 6 of the 2016 NRL season, Pearsall made his NRL debut for Newcastle against the Wests Tigers.

### 2017

After failing to play another NRL game for Newcastle in 2017, Pearsall left the club after not being offered a new contract beyond 2017. He decided to leave the game in favour of full-time employment on the Central Coast.
# Abbaye de Tamié

Abbaye de Tamié (French pronunciation:) is a soft cheese made from unpasteurised cow's milk, similar in style to Reblochon and produced exclusively by the monks of Tamié Abbey, near to Albertville in the Savoie département, in the French Alps.

## Style

Tamié is pressed and molded in the form of a flat wheel of cheese with slightly convex edge. It is distinguished by the saffron colour of the crust that, in the final aging process, is covered with a light white down. The creamy soft cheese is even in texture, but with a slightly firmer centre. About 400 kg (880 lb) is produced each day from the milk of cows from 8 farms in the valley. The monks market it in two styles:
* " Petit Tamié" (550 to 600 grams; 19 to 21 oz) sold individually.
* " Grand Tamié" (1.4 to 1.5 kg; 3.1 to 3.3 lb), with a thinner crust and softer, sold individually or cut,

## Manufacture

Unpasteurised whole milk is warmed to 34 °C (93 °F). Cultivated fermenters, made at the abbey, are added. This is then left to coagulate for about 90 minutes. The natural rennet is added to obtain the solids. When this is sufficiently firm, the curdle is cut using special knives, to separate the curds and whey. The time and the speed of the cutting regulates the size of the curds to that of a pea. The mixture is then left for 20 minutes to drain, then placed in moulds with small drainage holes and pressed by machine to remove any remaining liquids for about 4 hours. The whey is not wasted, but processed into methane which is used to heat the abbey's hot water system.
The cheeses are removed from the presses and put onto pallets which are then immersed in a bath of salty water for 2 or 3 hours, according to the size. Salting has several functions: it affects the taste, crust formation and is a preserving agent. The cheeses are then ready to be matured in the cellar where they will lose some weight in accordance with the age-old tradition of the "Angels' share". Cheeses are aged in the vaulted cellars of the abbey where the temperature is maintained at 14 °C (57 °F), with high humidity. They will be turned manually every other day. To maintain the crust and encourage the development of the mould on the surface, the cheeses are again bathed in brine and then rubbed and returned to the shelves to mature. The mould is naturally present in the cellar. When they have attained their optimum maturity, they are packed and labeled by hand. The label conveys important manufacturing information and the best-before date (about 45 days after packing).
# Argiope caesarea

Argiope caesarea is a species of orb-weaver spider.

## Description

Argiope caesarea has long, black legs and a yellow and black striped abdomen consistent with many other spiders is this genus.

## Range

This species is native to the south of China and north of India, being sighted most often in Meghalaya, Sikkim, and Yunnan.
# Arabs in Sweden

Arabs in Sweden are citizens and residents of Sweden who emigrated from nations in the Arab world. They represent 5.3% of the total population of the country. About a quarter of Arabs in Sweden are Christians.

## Migration history

Many of the Arabs in Sweden are migrants from Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine, Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria and Saudi Arabia.
In September 2013, Swedish migration authorities ruled that all Syrian asylum seekers will be granted permanent residency in light of the worsening conflict in Syria. Sweden is the first EU-country to make this offer. The decision means that the roughly 8,000 Syrians who have temporary residency in Sweden will now be able to stay in the country permanently. They will also have the right to bring their families to Sweden. While Malek Laesker, vice-chair of the Syrian Arabian Cultural Association of Sweden, welcomed the decision, he also warned it could create issues. "The fact that Sweden is the first country to open its arms is both positive and negative," he told the TT news agency, explaining that it may be a boon for the growing people-smuggling market.

## Notable people
### Film, television and acting

* Malik Bendjelloul, filmmaker of Algerian descent
* Mohamed Said (actor), actor of Iraqi origin
* Tarik Saleh, film director of Egyptian descent
* Said Legue, actor and script writer of Moroccan origin

### Musicians

* Salem Al Fakir, Grammy Award-winning singer of Syrian origin
* Rabih Jaber, singer of Lebanese origin, also part of Rebound! with Eddie Razaz
* Josef Johansson, pop singer of Tunisian origin
* Leila K, singer and rapper of Moroccan descent
* Loreen, singer of Moroccan-Berber descent
* Maher Zain, singer and songwriter of Lebanese origin
* RedOne, songwriter and music producer of Moroccan origin
* Rami Yacoub, songwriter and music producer of Palestinian origin

### Sports

* Nabil Bahoui, footballer of Moroccan origin
* Nadir Benchenaa, footballer of Algerian origin
* Dalil Benyahia, footballer of Algerian descent
* Louay Chanko, footballer of Syrian origin
* Jimmy Durmaz, footballer of Syrian-Turkish origin
* Seif Kadhim, footballer of Iraqi origin
* Oliver Kass Kawo, footballer of Syrian origin
* Mohammed Ali Khan, footballer of Lebanese origin
* George Moussan, footballer of Syrian origin
* Christer Youssef, footballer of Syrian origin
* Gabriel Ozkan

### Others

* Modhir Ahmed, visual artist of Iraqi origin
* Mahmoud Aldebe, of the Muslim association of Jordanian descent
* Nadia Jebril, journalist and television presenter of Palestinian origin
* Osama Krayem, suspected terrorist of Syrian origin
* Fida al-Sayed, political activist of Syrian descent
* Djamal Mahmoud, poet and psychiatrist of Syrian origin
# Södertälje mafia

The Södertälje mafia (Swedish: Södertäljenätverket) also known as the Syriac mafia, is an Assyrian/Syriac criminal organisation, according to some testimonials to have 75–100 people, based in Södertälje.
The criminal organization is based on family, kinship and the notion of a common origin. There is not a single person or a particular family that leads the organization, which is based on a tradition of cooperationand exchange of services within and between the families.
In September 2014 the Svea Court of Appeal in Stockholm confirmed the existence of a criminal organisation in Södertälje, with an extensive power structure with ramifications into politics and the welfare sector. According to Police information in October 2019, the organisation is still growing and gaining more power.
# America Song

America Song is a live television series which aired on NBC during prime time, premiering on April 21, 1948, and ending on April 25, 1949. In its final four months, the program's title was American Songs.
Hosted by Paul Arnold, the program presented performances of United States folk music with Nellie Fisher (who also choreographed dances) and Ray Harrison as featured dancers. Each episode was 20 minutes long.
America Song was produced by Fred Coe and directed by Ira Skutch. Its competition included Kiernan's Corner on ABC and newscasts on CBS and DuMont.
A review of the June 16, 1948, episode in the trade publication Billboard described America Song as "a simple, unassuming television program, but one which is completely satisfying".
# Lower Clarks Harbour, Nova Scotia

Lower Clarks Harbour is a community on Cape Sable Island in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipality of the District of Barrington of Shelburne County.
# Ministry of Culture, Information, Sports and Youth Policy (Kyrgyzstan)

The Ministry of Culture, Information, Sports and Youth Policy (Kyrgyz: Маданият, маалымат, спорт жана жаштар саясаты министрлиги, romanized: Madaniyat, maalymat, sport jana jashtar sayasaty ministrligi), previously known as the Ministry of Culture, Information and Tourism of the Kyrgyz Republic, is the ministry in charge of preservation and promotion of Kyrgyzstani culture in the republic and abroad.
The ministry has its roots in the Soviet Union's Ministry of Culture, although the current ministry did not succeed directly from the Soviet ministry. Moreover there were no ministries or state committees for tourism in the Soviet Union, because tourists to and from non-communist countries were highly restricted and few in numbers.
The ministry oversees various arts, cultural and historic sites in the republic, they include but are not limited to cinemas, circus, libraries, monuments, museums, musical institutions, parks, the National Cultural Center, the Philharmonic Hall and theaters. The ministry also oversees and regulates the republic's artists, teachers and promoters of culture of Kyrgyzstan.

## Structure

The ministry is subdivided into three departments:

### Department of Cinematography

This department is in charge of the regulation of the film industry in the Kyrgyz Republic as well as the promotion of the republic through films, some of which were showcased internationally. The department has also partnered the Prince Claus Fund for Culture and Development in establishing the Cinema Development Fund so as to enable local filmmakers to have better resources to produce films.

### Department of Information and Mass Communications

This department is in charge of the regulation of information made via mass media in the republic. An example of the department's scope of work include promoting and initiating the moving of local newspapers into electronic format.

### Department of Tourism

This department is responsible for organising events related to tourism in Kyrgyzstan. These include the World Nomad Games which was held thrice in the republic, Apricot Festival and Karagat Festival. The department also actively promotes the republic's UNESCO world heritage sites in addition to establishing a VISA free regime for travellers from over 60 countries, so as to further boost the tourism sector and attract investment. The department has also joined various organisations like the World Tourism Organization so as learn about sustainability of tourists sites in the republic.