OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sardinian Shepherd Dog

The Sardinian Shepherd Dog or Fonni's Dog (Sardinian: cane fonnesu or cani sardu antigu; Italian: pastore fonnese) is an ancient landrace breed of Sardinian dog used as a herding, catching, and livestock guardian dog.
Although there are depictions dating back to at least the mid-19th century, it is not recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale. It has gained a recognition of the Alianza Canina Latina.
The breed, which is indigenous to the island, was founded with approximately 170 specimens gathered from rural parts of inner Sardinia. The breed is, therefore, a landrace. Because of the large number of founders and the breed's genetic variability, the breed should enjoy relative freedom from genetic inbreeding. Most of the dog breeds are derived by a very small number of founders (for example, nine dogs were used as founders of the Siberian Husky) and therefore inbreeding tends to be high, resulting in a high incidence of illness due to gene mutations.

## Appearance

The dog has a rough coat, which can be grey, black, brindle, brown or white. Height at the withers is about 56 to 60 cm for males, while females are a couple of centimeters shorter. A typical characteristic of the breed is the fiery expression of the eyes, whose position, unlike other dog breeds, is totally frontal, giving the dog a unique "monkey-like" appearance.
Variability observed between individuals is likely due to the lack of selective pressures. There are, however, consistently strong commonalities across dogs from different locations, including characteristics such as amber eye color and the characteristic "monkey-like face". The coat, irrespective of color, has a typical coarse outer layer, as well as a woolly and dense undercoat. The hair on the head and hindquarters is typically short, while the face has longer furnishings around the eyes and a beard-like length around the muzzle and chin. Male dogs have a longer and thicker coat around the neck forming a mane.
Approximately 15% of individuals are short-coated, and this is generally selected against in favor of the long-coated variety. Approximately 30% of individuals have a natural bobtail.
# Della M. Newman

Della M. Newman (June 6, 1932 – July 11, 2023) was an American businesswoman who served as the United States Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa from 1989 to 1992.
Newman chaired George H.W. Bush's campaign in Washington state. At the time of her appointment, she was a realty owner and headed the Association of Washington Business, the state's main business lobbying group. Despite never having been to New Zealand, “Newman felt she was asked to fill the ambassador's post because of her party activism and because of similarities between New Zealand and the Pacific Northwest. ‘New Zealand has a similar climate, they speak English and they are on the Pacific Rim,' she said.”
Senator Paul Sarbanes criticized President Bush for his unusually high percentage of political appointees to ambassadorships. According to the Los Angeles Times:
   Bush has announced 42 ambassadorial appointments, of which only 14--one-third of the total--have gone to career diplomats. Of the rest, 21 are strictly political, including several persons who had contributed more than $100,000 to Bush’s campaign coffers; the other seven are legally classified as political because they are not members of the nonpartisan Foreign Service, although they are foreign policy professionals who served in previous Republican administrations.
Newman's appointment was one of three put on hold because they “were judged to be unqualified by the American Academy of Diplomacy.” Cited was that not only was she the State Chair of his campaign, but also that her husband was a major contributor.
She died on July 11, 2023, in Mount Vernon, Washington at age 91.
# Spinnin (Madison Beer song)

"Spinnin" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madison Beer, released on August 18, 2023, through Epic Records and Sing It Loud as the fifth single from her second studio album, Silence Between Songs. The track was written and produced by Madison Beer, Leroy Clampitt, Kinetics, and One Love.

## Background

The song was inspired by the Beatles 1965 song "Yesterday".

## Music video

The music video was released on August 18, 2023, along with the song. The video depicts that the world has stopped spinning with everything frozen in time and Madison being the only person left where she walks through her town; runs through a corn field; and collapses to the ground with a spotlight on her while cars with flashing headlights line behind her.
The video was directed by Aerin Moreno and Madison Beer herself; also being credited as the writer.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Spinnin" :
| Chart (2023) | Peak position |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 32 |

## Release history

Release history and formats for "Spinnin" :
| Region | Date | Format | Label(s) | Ref. |
| Various | August 18, 2023 | Digital downloadstreaming | EpicSony | |
# Towson Academy

Towson Academy is a historic National Guard armory building located at Towson, Baltimore County, Maryland. It is a two-story brick structure constructed in 1933 with full basement, faced with a smooth light-colored, marble-like stone veneer. It features a T-shaped plan with a two-story front "head house" section and a one-story perpendicular "drill hall" extending to the rear and its façade is detailed to recall Medieval fortifications, with towers flanking the central entrance.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
# Lorena Bernal

Lorena Raquel Bernal Pascual (born 12 May 1981) is an Argentinian-Spanish actress, television host, and model. She is married to current Arsenal manager Mikel Arteta.

## Early life

Bernal was born in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. She moved to San Sebastián, Spain, when she was 9 years old, and studied at the French Lycée Français de Saint Sébastien in the city, then at Maurice Ravel school in Saint Jean de Luz across the border in France. She is fluent in Spanish, English and French.

## Career

Bernal has worked as a model since the age of seven and began drama classes at the age of 13. She was Miss Spain 1999 at the age of 17 and could not represent the country in Miss Universe due to her age, so instead she competed in Miss World where she was one of the 10 finalists.
Since then, Bernal has worked as a model, TV host, and actress in Spain and in the United States, where she appeared in the American television show Chuck as an international arms dealer and CSI: Miami in the role of Mía, a nanny, in the episode "My Nanny."

## Personal life

She is married to Spanish former footballer Mikel Arteta, the current manager of Premier League football club Arsenal and former player at Everton and Arsenal, among others.
The couple's first child, called Gabriel, was born in Spain in 2009. Their second child, Daniel, was born in 2012, and their third child, Oliver, was also born in Spain in 2015.

## Filmography

* Stiletto 2008.
* Unnatural causes 2006.
* The Deal 2005.
* El Kibris 2004.
* Mendigares 2001.
* Menos es más 2000.

## Television series

* Chuck 2007.
* CSI: Miami 2007.
* See Jayne Run 2007.
* Homozapping 2005.
* El Comisario 2005.
* El pasado es mañana 2005.
* Aida 2005.
* La sopa boba 2004.
* Se puede? 2004.
* Luna Negra 2003–2004.
* Paraiso 2002–2003.
* Ala-Dina 2002.
* El secreto 2001–2002.
* El Señorío de Larrea 1999.

### TV host

* Gala Sebastia 2006 (IB3TV)
* Gala Castello 2005
* Gala Palma Jove (2005) (IB3TV)
* Gala Mataro Solidario (2005) (Canal 7)
* Gala Geniales (homenaje a Carmen Sevilla) (2004) (TVE)
* Gala La Rioja universal (2004) (TVE)
* Gala Regio de Oro Awards (2004) (Canal 7)
* Gala End of the year (2002) (ETB)
* The Arthur show (13 programas) (2001)(ETB)
* Gala Int´I vasque channel for LatinAmerica (2001) (ETB)
* Gala New image channel (2001) (EITB)
* The first night (31 programas)(2000) (ETB)
* Gala 2000 Christmas Eve (2000) (ETB)
* Animalada total (1999) (ETB)
* Gala homenaje a Gila (1999) (TVE)
* Únicas (1999) (Antena 3 TV)

### Commercials

* Lois 1996
* Freixenet 1999
* Oro vivo 1999
* Pepe Jeans London 1999
* Prohibida, videoclip del cantante Raúl 2000.
* Jesús Paredes 2000
* Nivea 2002 Telepromoción de Tele5.
* Campofrío 2004 Telepromoción de TVE.
* Dister 2004-2005
* Pantene pro v 2005
* Joyca 2005
* Oral B
* Depitotal
* Herbal Essence (2010)
* Eguzki Lore (2011)
# Manus AI

Manus is a artificial intelligence product of China, developed in March 2025. It is able to independently analyze, plan, and autonomously execute complex tasks .

## Reviews

Techcrunch opined that Manus may not perform much better than competing products.
# Bistrica (Crna Trava)

Bistrica (Serbian Cyrillic: Бистрица) is a village in the municipality of Crna Trava, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 8 people.
# The Everybodyfields

the everybodyfields was an indie folk/alt-country band from Johnson City, Tennessee. The band was co-founded and fronted by Sam Quinn and Jill Andrews who met in 1999 while working at a summer camp. They were joined by dobroist David Richey. After Richey's departure, electric guitarist Megan McCormick joined the band; followed by fiddler Megan Gregory and drummer Travis Kammeyer. They were succeeded by keyboardist Josh Oliver, pedal steel player Tom Pryor, and drummer Jamie Cook.
the everybodyfields combined country, folk, bluegrass, rock and roll, and Americana to produce a unique sound that Harp Magazine called "stompin’ and twangin’ in world-class style." Sam Quinn's song "T.V.A." from Halfway There: Electricity and the South won 1st place in the Chris Austin Songwriting Contest 2005 at Merlefest. "Lonely Anywhere," from the album Nothing is Okay, was chosen by NPR as Song Of The Day for 29 February 2008. The band was the focus of increasing attention as a representative of the alternative country genre. They were chosen to play at Bonnaroo, Bristol Rhythm & Roots Reunion and Twangfest in 2008.
On June 5, 2009, the everybodyfields posted an announcement on their website that they were disbanding in order for Sam Quinn and Jill Andrews to pursue their respective solo careers.
In September 2011, reunion shows were held at the Bristol Rhythm & Roots festival and at Music City Roots.

## Members

* Jill Andrews (vocals, bass guitar, acoustic guitar)
* Sam Quinn (vocals, acoustic guitar, bass guitar)
* Josh Oliver (keyboard, guitar)
* Tom Pryor (pedal steel)
* Jamie Cook (drums)

### Former

* David Richey (vocals, dobro)
* Megan McCormick (vocals, lap steel, electric guitar)
* Megan Gregory (vocals, fiddle)
* Andrew Kelly (vocals, electric guitar, mandolin)
* Travis Kammeyer (drums)
* Angela Oudean (vocals, fiddle)
* Emma O'Donnell (fiddle)

## Discography

* Halfway There: Electricity and the South (2004)
* Plague of Dreams (2005)
* Nothing is Okay (2007)
# Banned in the U.S.A.

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Banned in the U.S.A.: The Luke LP (later reissued as Banned in the U.S.A.) is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group 2 Live Crew, released on July 24, 1990, by Luke and Atlantic Records. Originally credited as Luke's solo album, it included the hits "Do the Bart" and "Banned in the U.S.A.". It was also the very first release to bear the RIAA-standard Parental Advisory warning sticker.

## Music

The eponymous title single is a reference to the decision in a court case that 2 Live Crew's previous album As Nasty As They Wanna Be was obscene (the decision would later be overturned on appeal). Bruce Springsteen granted the group permission to interpolate his song "Born in the U.S.A." for it.
Displeased over the decision of Florida Governor Bob Martinez who, on being asked to examine the album, decided it was obscene and recommended local law enforcement take action against it and over the subsequent action of sheriff Nick Navarro of Broward County, Florida, who arrested local record store owners on obscenity charges for selling the group's albums and the subsequent arrest of members of the group on obscenity charges, the group included the song "Fuck Martinez", which also includes multiple repetitions of the phrase "fuck Navarro". The group found two other men with the same names, and had them sign releases, as they thought that this action would make it impossible for Martinez or Navarro to sue them. "Fuck Martinez" is not included on Spotify's stream of Banned in the U.S.A.; however, it is included on Uncle Luke's compilation Booty Calls & Chants.

## Track listing

* "Banned in the U.S.A." – 4:24
* "News Flash—People in the News" – 0:16
* "Man, Not a Myth" – 3:57
* "News Flash—350 Men" – 0:25
* "Fuck Martinez" – 3:55
* "News Flash—Super Snoop" – 0:10
* "Strip Club" – 3:17
* "News Flash—Nation by Storm" – 0:07
* "Do the Bart" – 4:28
* "In Color—Men on Records" – 0:39
* "Face Down, Ass Up" – 3:02
* "Hey, Jack!" – 0:55
* "Bass 9-1-7" – 4:42
* "So Funky" – 4:58
* "News Flash—Poll Results" – 0:10
* "Mamolapenga" – 3:02
* "Video No Soul" – 0:09
* "I Ain't Bullshittin' Part 2" – 6:42
* "Commercial—Nasty Motherfuckers" – 0:15
* "This Is to Luke from the Posse" – 5:15
* "News Flash—British Youth" – 0:12
* "Fuck a Gang" – 3:56
* "Commercial—Inquiring Minds" – 0:07
* "Arrest in Effect" – 3:25
* "Mega Mix IV" – 3:31
There were also VHS tape and LaserDisc releases of the group discussing the ban. The album was briefly parodied on a skit of In Living Color in which Campbell, spoofed by David Alan Grier, is challenged to compose a children's song. Struggling to make a good song, he manages to come up with unoffensive composures until the last line where he must rhyme the word "tucked". The skit is cut off by a narrator saying "The following line is banned in the USA".
# Do Makan

Do Makan (Persian: دومكان) is a village in, and the capital of, Khanmirza Rural District in the Central District of Khanmirza County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Aluni, now a city.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The village is populated by Lurs.

### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,549 in 309 households, when it was in the former Khanmirza District of Lordegan County. The following census in 2011 counted 2,730 people in 660 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,764 people in 736 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
In 2019, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Khanmirza County, and the rural district was transferred to the new Central District.
# Sir James Horlick, 4th Baronet

Lieutenant-Colonel Sir James Nockells Horlick, 4th Baronet, OBE, MC (1886–1972) was the second son of Sir James Horlick, first holder of the Horlick Baronetcy, of Cowley Manor in the County of Gloucester, England, and Margaret Adelaide Burford. James, the 1st Baronet, was co-inventor (with his brother William) of Horlicks Malted Milk.
A recipient of the MC from both the UK and Greece for his actions during World War I, he briefly served as MP for Gloucester, was chairman of Horlicks Ltd and in later life became a renowned breeder of rhododendrons at his island home at Gigha in the west of Scotland.

## Biography

Born in Brooklyn, New York on 22 March 1886, James was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. While at Oxford Horlick played one first-class cricket match for Oxford University Cricket Club against Yorkshire in 1906, before playing two first-class matches for Gloucestershire, making one appearance each in the 1907 County Championship and the 1910 County Championship. He joined the Coldstream Guards at the outbreak of war in 1914, serving in Salonika. It was here that he met King Alexander of Greece and his wife Aspasia Manos, to whom he was later to donate the Garden of Eden in Venice and with whom he remained good friends. Mentioned in dispatches four times, James was also a recipient of the Military Cross, Greek Military Cross, Order of the White Eagle with Swords (4th class), and the Chevalier Legion d'Honneur and was returned as Conservative member of parliament for Gloucester in the 1923 General Election, which he served until 1929.
In 1944 he purchased Achamore House and the island of Gigha where he set about planting a rhododendron garden that still exists today. His work as a rhododendron breeder earned him, in 1963, the Victoria Medal of Honour. He also set about using his experience of the family business to support the island's dairy industry. Inheriting the Horlick baronetcy from his nephew in 1958, Sir James died at his home in Gigha on 31.December 1972 and was succeeded by his son, Sir John James McDonald Horlick.

## Family

Sir James married twice. His first marriage was in 1909 to Flora McDonald Martin, CB, daughter of Col Cunliffe Martin and granddaughter of Sir James Ranald Martin. Their children were:
* Rachel Katherine Horlick
* Ursula Priscilla Marie Gabrielle Horlick
* John James McDonald Horlick
He married secondly, in 1956, Joan Isabel MacGill.
# Stones at Goliath

Stones at Goliath is the second studio album by In Legend, a band from vocalist and pianist Bastian Emig, mostly known as the drummer from the German a cappella metal band Van Canto.

## Personnel
### In Legend

* Bastian Emig – choir conductor, composer, engineering, drums, mixing, piano, producer, sound design, synthesizer
* Daniel Galmarini – piano
* Daniel Schmidle – keytar, piano, composer, engineer, mixing, sound design, engineer, design
* Paul Perlejewski – bass guitar
* Daniel Wicke – bass guitar
* Marcos Feminella – drums
* Dennis Otto – drums, choir

### Guest musicians

* Helga Bieser – choir
* Melanie Bohlend – choir
* Martina Böhmer – choir
* Benni Cellini (Letzte Instanz) – cello
* Laura Vargas Contador (ex-Sacramento, Inferno Doll) – female vocals on "Choices in Coma"
* Alexandra Frerichs – choir
* Vanessa Gerlich – choir
* Eva Glaser – choir
* Glonner Chorbuben – children's choir (conducted by Martin Danes)
* Teresa Heiser – choir
* Sharon Horen – choir
* Fiona Horn – choir
* Angela Igl – choir
* Eva Kühn – choir
* Henriette Mittag – viola
* Michael Müller – choir
* Martin Panse – choir
* Vanessa Schambil – choir
* Wendy Schulz – choir
* Sabrina Schwabtz – choir
* Sarah Schwarz – choir
* Melanie Uhl – choir
* Niels Löffler (Orden Ogan) – choir
* Sebastian "Seeb" Levermann (Orden Ogan) – engineer, choir

### Crew

* Martin Danes – choir conductor
* Juan Pablo Donoso – engineer
* Andrea Friedrich – photography
* Glönn – artwork
* Jamie Kam – artwork
* Bastian Ködel – engineer
* Jürgen Lusky – engineer, mastering, mixing, sound design
* Jan Sauerssig – engineer
* Jonas Schria – engineer
# Ministry of Economy and Industry (Bulgaria)

The Ministry of Economy and Industry (Bulgarian: Министерство на икономиката и индустрията, romanized: Ministerstvo na ikonomikata i industriyata) of Bulgaria is the ministry charged with regulating the economy and energy policy of the country. The Ministry of Economy was founded in December 1999 through the merger of the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Commerce and Tourism. In August 2005 was formed the current Ministry of Economy and Energy through the merger of the former Ministry of Economy and Ministry of Energy and Energy Resources.
In August 2005, the Minister of Economy and Energy was Rumen Ovcharov of the Bulgarian Socialist Party, with Deputy Ministers Lachezar Borisov, Valentin Ivanov, Yordan Dimov, Nina Radeva, Korneliya Ninova, Galina Tosheva and Anna Yaneva.
In March 2012, the Minister of Economy, Energy, and Tourism switched to Delyan Dobrev.
# The Executioner (Kisyov novel)

The Executioner is a post modern novel by Bulgarian novelist Stefan Kisyov, about the killing of Bulgarian dissident writer Georgi Markov. It was published in 2003 and is the winner of the Vick Foundation's "Best Novel of 2004".

## Style

The style of the book is written part fictionally, part phantasmagorically and uses existing facts, regardless of whether they are political, public or artistic by nature. It relies on vivid details, good dialogue, and on the effect of expectations going wrong, with a mixture of rough naturalism and ironical and metaphysical generalizations. The novel is written in the form of a confession, the confession of an executioner turned into a victim, and a victim, turned into an executioner.

## Editions

* Stefan Kisjov, Kat, Překl. Naďa Aljanabiová, Brno, Barrister & Principal, 2012.
* Stefan Kissiov, Ekzekutor, Prevela sa bugarskog Asja Tihinova-Jovanović, Podgorica, Oktoih, 2012, 91 pages.
# Steen Herschend

Steen Steensen Herschend (12 November 1888 – 3 August 1976) was a Danish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Danish boat Nurdug II, which won the silver medal in the 6 metre class.
# Structural rule

In the logical discipline of proof theory, a structural rule is an inference rule of a sequent calculus that does not refer to any logical connective but instead operates on the sequents directly. Structural rules often mimic the intended meta-theoretic properties of the logic. Logics that deny one or more of the structural rules are classified as substructural logics.

## Common structural rules

Three common structural rules are:
* Weakening, where the hypotheses or conclusion of a sequence may be extended with additional members. In symbolic form weakening rules can be written as ${\frac {\Gamma \vdash \Sigma }{\Gamma ,A\vdash \Sigma }}$ on the left of the turnstile, and ${\frac {\Gamma \vdash \Sigma }{\Gamma \vdash \Sigma ,A}}$ on the right. Known as monotonicity of entailment in classical logic.
* Contraction, where two equal (or unifiable) members on the same side of a sequent may be replaced by a single member (or common instance). Symbolically: ${\frac {\Gamma ,A,A\vdash \Sigma }{\Gamma ,A\vdash \Sigma }}$ and ${\frac {\Gamma \vdash A,A,\Sigma }{\Gamma \vdash A,\Sigma }}$. Also known as factoring in automated theorem proving systems using resolution. Known as idempotency of entailment in classical logic.
* Exchange, where two members on the same side of a sequent may be swapped. Symbolically: ${\frac {\Gamma _{1},A,\Gamma _{2},B,\Gamma _{3}\vdash \Sigma }{\Gamma _{1},B,\Gamma _{2},A,\Gamma _{3}\vdash \Sigma }}$ and ${\frac {\Gamma \vdash \Sigma _{1},A,\Sigma _{2},B,\Sigma _{3}}{\Gamma \vdash \Sigma _{1},B,\Sigma _{2},A,\Sigma _{3}}}$. (This is also known as the permutation rule.)
A logic without any of the above structural rules would interpret the sides of a sequent as pure sequences; with exchange, they can be considered to be multisets; and with both contraction and exchange they can be considered to be sets.
These are not the only possible structural rules. A famous structural rule is known as cut. Considerable effort is spent by proof theorists in showing that cut rules are superfluous in various logics. More precisely, what is shown is that cut is only (in a sense) a tool for abbreviating proofs, and does not add to the theorems that can be proved. The successful 'removal' of cut rules, known as cut elimination, is directly related to the philosophy of computation as normalization (see Curry–Howard correspondence); it often gives a good indication of the complexity of deciding a given logic.