# New York Air National Guard

The New York Air National Guard (NY ANG) is the aerial militia of the U.S. state of New York. It is an element of the New York National Guard as part of the larger Air National Guard, a reservist force under the command of the United States Air Force.
As state militia units, the units in the New York Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of New York through the office of the New York Adjutant General unless they are activated for federal service by order of the President of the United States. The New York Air National Guard is headquartered at Stratton Air National Guard Base, Glenville, New York, and its current commander is Major General Timothy J. LaBarge.

## Overview

Under the "Total Force" concept, New York Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components (ARC) of the United States Air Force (USAF). New York ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized. In addition, the New York Air National Guard forces are assigned to Air Expeditionary Forces and are subject to deployment tasking orders along with their active duty and Air Force Reserve counterparts in their assigned cycle deployment window.
Along with their federal reserve obligations, as state militia units the elements of the New York ANG are subject to being activated by order of the Governor to provide protection of life and property, and preserve peace, order and public safety. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

## Current structure

Current New York Air National Guard Structure;

### 105th Airlift Wing – Stewart Air National Guard Base, Newburgh

Meets inter-theater airlift and expeditionary combat support commitments. Operates the C-17A Globemaster III.
* 105th Operations Group
       137th Airlift Squadron
       105th Operational Support Squadron
* 105th Maintenance Group
       105th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
       105th Maintenance Squadron
       105th Maintenance Operations Flight
* 105th Mission Support Group
       105th Civil Engineering Squadron
       105th Force Support Squadron
       105th Logistics Readiness Squadron
       105th Base Defense Squadron
       105th Communications Flight
* 105th Medical Group
* 105th Comptroller Flight
* 213th Engineering Installation Squadron

### 106th Rescue Wing – Francis S. Gabreski Air National Guard Base, Westhampton Beach

Provides worldwide combat search and rescue coverage for U.S. and allied forces. Combat search and rescue missions include flying low-level, preferably at night aided with night vision goggles, to an objective area where aerial refueling of a rescue helicopter is performed, or pararescue teams are deployed. Operates the HH-60G Pavehawk HH-60W Jolly Green II helicopters and the HC-130J Combat King II transport aircraft.
* 106th Operations Group
       101st Rescue Squadron [Using HH-60G Pave Hawk and HH-60W Jolly Green II]
       102nd Rescue Squadron [Using HC-130J Combat King II]
       103rd Rescue Squadron [Pararescue elements]
       Operation Support Squadron
* 106th Mission Support Group
       106th Security Forces Squadron
       106th Civil Engineering Squadron
       106th Aerial Port Flight
       106th Logistics Readiness Squadron
       106th Services Flight
       106th Communications Flight
* 106th Force Support Group
       106th Personnel Flight
       106th Honour Guard
* 106th Maintenance Group
       106th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
       106th Maintenance Squadron
       106th Maintenance Operations Flight
* 106th Medical Group

### 107th Attack Wing – Niagara Falls Air Reserve Station, Niagara Falls

The 107th was officially re-designated the 107th Attack Wing on 15 March 2017. The name change reflects the wing's mission of providing aircrew members and supporting staff trained to operate the MQ-9 Reaper remotely piloted aircraft. The wing began transformation and training of crews and personnel in 2014. The 107th is the second New York Air National Guard wing to assume the remotely piloted aircraft mission. Previously operated the C-130H Hercules as an airlift wing.
* 107th Operations Group
       Operations Support Squadron
       136th Attack Squadron [Using MQ-9 Reaper]
* 107th Mission Support Group
       Civil Engineer Squadron
       Communications Flight
       Logistics Readiness Squadron
       Mission Support Flight
       Security Forces Squadron
       Services Flight
* 107th Medical Group

### 109th Airlift Wing – Stratton Air National Guard Base, Schenectady

The 109th Airlift Wing's mission is to provide airlift support to the National Science Foundation's South Pole and Arctic research programs by flying specialized LC-130H Hercules airlifters, modified with wheel-ski gear, in support of Arctic and Antarctic operations. The 109th Airlift Wing is the only unit in the world to fly these aircraft.
* 109th Operations Group
       139th Airlift Squadron
       139th Aeromedical Squadron
       109th Operations Support Flight
* 109th Mission Support Group
       109th Security Forces Squadron
       109th Civil Engineer Squadron
       109th Force Support Squadron
       109th Aerial Port Flight
       109th Logistics Readiness Squadron
       109th Services Flight
       109th Communications Flight
* 109th Maintenance Group
       109th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
       109th Maintenance Squadron
       109th Maintenance Operations Flight
* 109th Medical Group

### 174th Attack Wing – Hancock Field Air National Guard Base, Syracuse

Currently operates the MQ-9 Reaper unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Its mission is to provide qualified airmen and weapon systems engaging in global air, space and cyberspace operations; supporting homeland defense, joint operations and aid to civil authorities at the direction of the Governor.
* 152nd Air Operations Group
       274th Air Support Operations Squadron
       Air and Space Communication Squadron
       Air Intelligence Squadron
       Combat Operations Squadron
* 174th Operations Group
       108th Attack Squadron – MQ-9A Reaper
       138th Attack Squadron – MQ-9A Reaper
       174th Operation Support Squadron
* 174th Maintenance Group
* 174th Mission Support Group
* 174th Medical Group

### Eastern Air Defense Sector – Griffiss Business and Technology Park, Rome

The Eastern Air Defense Sector originated in 1956 as the 4621st Air Defense Wing. It is one of two sectors that carries out NORAD's aerospace warning and control mission. The Eastern Air Defense Sector is part of the U.S. Continental NORAD Region. There are also Canadian and Alaskan NORAD regions. This unit also provides direct support for the annual NORAD Tracks Santa program.

## History
### Origins

The Militia Act of 1903 established the present National Guard system, units raised by the states but paid for by the Federal Government, liable for immediate state service. If federalized by Presidential order, they fall under the regular military chain of command. On 1 June 1920, the Militia Bureau issued Circular No.1 on organization of National Guard air units.
The New York Air National Guard origins date to 28 August 1917 with the establishment of the 102d Aero Squadron as part of the World War I American Expeditionary Force. Its origins begin however, on 30 April 1908 as the 1st Aero Company, a pre-World War I independent unit of the New York National Guard. The 1st Aero Company was provisionally recognized by the federal government in June 1916 and called to active duty between July 13, 1916, and November 15, 1916, to continue training with the purpose of joining the 1st Aero Squadron, a Regular Army unit deployed to Mexico with the Punitive Expedition. The 1st Aero Company, however, never left Long Island and was disbanded on May 23, 1917, shortly after the United States entered World War I, when the Army decided not to use national guard aviation units in the war effort. Its history and lineage were bestowed on the 102d Observation Squadron. The 102d Aero Squadron was demobilized 1918 Armistice with Germany in 1919.

### New York National Guard

Constituted in 1920 as the 102nd Squadron (Observation), the squadron was assigned to the 27th Division, allotted to the state of New York, as its divisional aviation. The unit was organized in November 1921 from the "Observation Squadron, New York National Guard, which had been organized on 22 March 1921 at Hempstead, New York, with personnel from K Company, 14th Infantry, New York National Guard. It was reorganized and federally recognized in November 1922 at Miller Field on Staten Island and re-designated as the 102nd Observation Squadron in January 1923. It is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.
Its operations were primarily air transportation and aircraft repair and maintenance. However, squadron elements were called up periodically by the state of New York to perform emergency duties that included reconnaissance for the Treasury Department of vessels conducting illegal-liquor trade off the New York-New Jersey coast in the 1920s; support of flood relief efforts in Vermont 6–16 November 1927; aid to civil authorities during a prison break from the maximum security Auburn Prison, 11–12 December 1930; and flood relief efforts in upstate New York 11–13 July 1935.
The 102d Observation Squadron was ordered into active service on 15 October 1940 as part of the buildup of the Army Air Corps prior to the United States entry into World War II.

### New York Air National Guard

On 24 May 1946, the United States Army Air Forces, in response to dramatic postwar military budget cuts imposed by President Harry S. Truman, allocated inactive unit designations to the National Guard Bureau for the formation of an Air Force National Guard. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units.
The modern New York ANG received federal recognition on 20 February 1947 as the 102d Bombardment Squadron (Light) at Floyd Bennett Field, Brooklyn. It was equipped with B-26 Invaders and was assigned to Tactical Air Command. 18 September 1947, however, is considered the New York Air National Guard's official birth concurrent with the establishment of the United States Air Force as a separate branch of the United States military under the National Security Act.
The allocations to the New York ANG included the 52d Fighter Wing, a command and control organization at Westchester County Airport, receiving federal recognition on 3 October 1947; the 139th Fighter Squadron at Schenectady County Airport on 18 October 1948; the 136th Fighter Squadron at Niagara Falls International Airport and the 137th Fighter Squadron at Westchester County Airport on 8 December 1948. All of these squadrons were equipped with F-51 Mustangs and assumed an air defense missions over various areas of the state.
At the end of October 1950, the ANG converted to the wing-base (Hobson Plan) organization. As a result, the 52d Fighter Wing was withdrawn from the New York ANG and inactivated on 31 October 1950. The 106th Bombardment Wing at Brooklyn, and the 107th Fighter Wing at Niagara Falls were formed and were simultaneously allotted to the NY ANG and activated to replace the 52d.
In 1956, the 137th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron at Westchester County Airport was authorized to expand to a group level and the 105th Fighter Group (Air Defense) received federal recognition and activated on 1 May 1956. In addition, the 109th FIS at Schenectady expanded into the 109th Fighter Group (Air Defense) the same date. 1962 saw the expansion of the 138th Tactical Fighter Squadron into the 174th Tactical Fighter Group at Syracuse.
Today, the New York Air National Guard is the largest and most diverse ANG organization of the National Guard Bureau. After the September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, elements of every Air National Guard unit in New York has been activated in support of the Global War on Terrorism. Flight crews, aircraft maintenance personnel, communications technicians, air controllers and air security personnel were engaged in Operation Noble Eagle air defense overflights of major United States cities. Also, New York ANG units have been deployed overseas as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq as well as other locations as directed.