OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Walter Thomas (musician)

Walter Purl "Foots" Thomas (February 10, 1907 – August 26, 1981) was an American saxophonist, flutist, and arranger in Cab Calloway's orchestra, one of the most famous bands of the swing era in jazz.

## Early life

Born in Muskogee, Oklahoma, Thomas moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where he played in Ed Allen's Whispering Band of Gold in the early 1920s. In 1924, he recorded with Fate Marable's Society Orchestra.

## Career

In 1927, Thomas moved to New York City, where he played with the New Orleans pianist and composer Jelly Roll Morton and Joe Steele. He then joined The Missourians in 1929, just before Calloway took the band over. Among his arrangements was Calloway's 1931 hit song, "Minnie the Moocher."
In 1943, he left Calloway's orchestra to work with the saxophonist and composer Don Redman. He led a 1944 recording session with sidemen including Coleman Hawkins, Hilton Jefferson, Eddie Barefield, and Jonah Jones; another session that year featured Ben Webster, Budd Johnson, and Emmett Berry.
During the mid-1940s he taught at a studio on West 48th Street in New York City; among his students was the hard bop alto saxophonist Jackie McLean. In the 1950s he became a manager and booking agent; he worked for the Shaw Artists Corporation, and for a time one of his clients was the trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie.
Thomas was inducted into the Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame in 1996.

## Personal life

Thomas's older sister was the chef and author Cleora Butler; his younger brother was the alto saxophonist and songwriter Joe Thomas.
Thomas lived with his wife, Marlyne, and their children in Englewood, New Jersey, near his old friend the trombonist Tyree Glenn, with whom he spent much time in retirement. He died from cancer on August 26, 1981.
# Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics

The Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Annual Reviews since 2000. It releases an annual volume of review articles relevant to the fields of genomics and human genetics. Aravinda Chakravarti and Eric D. Green have been the journal's co-editors since 2005. As of 2021, Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics was published as open access, under the Subscribe to Open model. As of 2024, Journal Citation Reports lists the journal's impact factor as 7.7, ranking it thirteenth of 191 journal titles in the category "Genetics & Heredity".

## History

The Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics was first published in 2000. The nonprofit publisher Annual Reviews decided that its existing journals of the Annual Review of Medicine and Annual Review of Genetics were shifting their coverage from biochemical genetics to molecular interpretation; the new journal could focus on the intersection of genetics and medicine. Another impetus for forming the journal was the then-ongoing Human Genome Project to map the human genome. The founding editor was Eric Lander, who stayed in the role through 2004. Though it was initially in publication with a print volume, it is now only published electronically.

## Scope and indexing

The Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics defines its scope as covering significant developments in the field of genomics that are relevant to human genetics and the human genome. Included subfields are human genetic disorders, individualized medicine, human genetic variation, the structure and function of genomes, genetic engineering, and human evolution. It is abstracted and indexed in Scopus, Science Citation Index Expanded, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Chemical Abstracts Core, and Academic Search, among others.

## Editorial processes

The Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics is helmed by the editor or the co-editors. The editor is assisted by the editorial committee, which includes associate editors, regular members, and occasionally guest editors. Guest members participate at the invitation of the editor, and serve terms of one year. All other members of the editorial committee are appointed by the Annual Reviews board of directors and serve five-year terms. The editorial committee determines which topics should be included in each volume and solicits reviews from qualified authors. Unsolicited manuscripts are not accepted. Peer review of accepted manuscripts is undertaken by the editorial committee.

### Current editorial board

As of 2025, the editorial committee consists of the co-editors and the following members:
* Christian Happi
* Julie Makani
* Andrew S. McCallion
* Karen H. Miga
* Arnold Munnich
* Pilar N. Ossorio
* Bing Ren
* Susan A. Slaugenhaupt
* Sarah A. Teichmann
As of 2022, the editorial board was composed by:
* Wendy A. Bickmore
* Robert Cook-Deegan
* Nancy J. Cox
* Thomas Gingeras
* Pui-Yan Kwok
* Julie Makani
* Arnold Munnich
* Mai Har Sham
* Sarah A. Teichmann
# Besti squat

A Besti squat is a figure skating move. It is similar to the spread eagle in that the skater travels along an edge with both skates on the ice, the toes turned out to the sides and the heels facing each other. The knees are bent outwards into a squatting position with the thighs held parallel to the ice and the torso kept upright. In ballet terminology, it is a plié with the feet in second position.
The move is unofficially named after Natalia Bestemianova, who performed the move repeatedly in her 1988 free dance with Andrei Bukin.

## Gallery

* Solo Besti squat (Wakaba Higuchi)
* A full-frontal view of a solo Besti squat (Hana Yoshida)
* A pair team perform Besti squats during the 2011 World Figure Skating Championships (Maylin Hausch & Daniel Wende)
* A pair team perform Besti squats in close contact (Riku Miura & Ryuichi Kihara)
# 40th ward, Chicago

The 40th Ward is one of 50 wards that make up the Chicago City Council.
The ward includes several diverse neighborhoods surrounding Rosehill Cemetery, including Lincoln Square, Budlong Woods, Bowmanville, West Ridge, Edgewater and West Andersonville. The area is bordered approximately by the Chicago River to the West, Lawrence Avenue to the South, and Clark Street to the East. The boundaries of the ward changed slightly before the 2015 election [see map].

## Aldermen

The ward is represented in the Chicago City Council by an alderman, a position that comes up for election every 4 years. In the 2019 election, Andre Vasquez, a Democratic Socialist, won 54% of the vote to become the alderman of the 40th Ward.
The previous aldermen for the 40th Ward include the following men:
* Seymour Simon (1971–1975)
* Solomon Gutstein (1975–1979)
* Ivan Rittenberg (1979–1983)
* Patrick J. O'Connor (1983–2019)

## Schools

The 40th Ward is home to a variety of public and private schools.
Chicago Public Schools:
* Budlong Elementary
* Chappell Elementary
* Clinton Elementary
* Jamieson Elementary
* Amundsen High School
* Mather High School
Private/religious schools:
* North Shore Junior Academy
* Rogers Park Montessori
* St. Hilary Catholic School
* St. Matthias School
* St. Phillips Lutheran School

## Police beats

Chicago is divided into 279 Chicago Police Department beats, eight of which are in the 40th Ward (see map). Each beat has a number. The first two digits signify the district; the next digit shows the sector number, and the last digit is the beat number. For example, Beat 2013 is the 20th District, 1st sector, 3rd beat. All patrol cars are labeled with a beat number displayed above the blue lights on the roof. Beats hold regular meetings that are open to the public, usually once a month, or every other month. The list of beat meetings is available on the 40th Ward website.

## Neighborhood organizations

The 40th Ward is made up of diverse communities, several of which have organized neighborhood groups. They include
* Heart of Lincoln Square Neighbors Association (HOLS)
* Bowmanville Community Organization (BCO)
* Greater Rockwell Organization (GRO)
* West Andersonville Neighbors Together (WANT)
* Winnemac Park Neighbors (WPN)
# Cassius C. Dowell

Cassius Clay Dowell (February 29, 1864 – February 4, 1940) was a Republican U.S. Representative from Iowa. He served from 1915 to 1935, and again from 1937 until his death in 1940, with the interregnum caused by an unsuccessful campaign for reelection in 1934.

## Biography

Born on a farm near the unincorporated town of Summerset, Iowa (in Warren County, near Indianola) Dowell attended the public schools, Baptist College in Des Moines, Iowa, and Simpson College in Indianola, Iowa. In 1886, he graduated from the liberal arts department of Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa, and graduated from Drake University Law School the following year. He was admitted to the bar in 1888 and commenced practice in Des Moines.
From 1894 to 1898, Dowell served as member of the Iowa State House of Representatives. He served in the Iowa State Senate from 1902 to 1912.
In 1914, Dowell was elected as a Republican to represent Iowa's 7th congressional district. He was re-elected to this seat eight times, until reapportionment between 1930 and 1932 moved his home county into Iowa's 6th congressional district, prompting him to run for the seat in that district. He won the 1932 race by more than 13,000 votes, surviving the Roosevelt landslide. Yet he was surprised two years later, when former Iowa Supreme Court Justice Hubert Utterback upset him by over 4,000 votes. He had served nearly twenty years, in the Sixty-fourth and the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1915 – January 3, 1935). He had served as chairman of the Committee on Elections (in the Sixty-sixth and Sixty-seventh Congresses), and on the Committee on Roads (in the Sixty-eighth through Seventy-first Congresses).
Dowell returned to Des Moines to practice law, and reclaimed his seat two years later in 1936, when Utterbeck ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate. Utterbeck tried to regain his House in 1938, but Dowell defeated him decisively.
Dowell filed for re-election in the 1940 race, but died due to heart disease in Washington, D.C., on February 4, 1940. He was interred in Glendale Cemetery, Des Moines, Iowa.
In reporting his death, an Iowa newspaper reported that "only rarely did he participate in house debate but his influence upon legislation was strong. He was instrumental in securing veterans' hospitals for Des Moines and Knoxville, in the establishment of Camp Dodge during wartime, and in the erection of an $800,000 federal building on Des Moines' waterfront."
After his death, Republican Robert K. Goodwin won the special election to complete his term, and Republican Paul Cunningham won the 1940 general election for a full term.
# Qingzhuhu

Qingzhuhu (Chinese: 青竹湖街道; pinyin: Qīngzhúhú jiēdào) is a subdistrict of Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China. Located on the east bank of Xiang River, Qingzhuhu is bordered by Dingziwan Subdistrict of Wangcheng District and Beishan Town of Changsha County to the north, Shaping Subdistrict to the east, Xiufeng Subdistrict to the south, Baishazhou and Dazehu Subdistricts across the Xiang river to the west. It covers about 41 km$^2$ (16 sq mi) with a population of roughly 42,000 (as of 2016). The subdistrict contains 11 communities, with its administrative center at Qiaotouyi.
# Kieran Gallagher

Kieran Gallagher (born 10 March 1990) is a British racing driver who last competed in the British Touring Car Championship with Team HARD. In 2013 Gallagher competed in the British Touring Car Championship for the first time at Knockhill, driving for Team HARD in a Vauxhall Insignia NGTC. After a season back in the wagen Racing Cup with Team HARD he remained with the team for their return to the BTCC in 2015

## Career

Gallagher gained his racing license in 2012 and entered the Scottish Legends Cars Championship in June that year. In 2013 he remained in the series but joined Burnett Motorsport. In August that year Team HARD entered Gallagher in the Knockhill round of the British Touring Car Championship, driving one of the team's Vauxhall Insignia NGTC cars. He stated that his aim was to achieve a top-18 finish. He finished 22nd in race one, 20th in race two, and took 13th in the final race of the weekend. He remained with Team HARD for their 2014 Volkswagen Racing Cup campaign. He also drove for Parr Motorsport in the Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain that year.
In 2015, when Team HARD returned to the BTCC with a Toyota Avensis, they selected Gallagher as their driver.

## Personal life

Gallagher has two older brothers, and works as a Hydrographic Surveyor.

## Racing record
### Complete British Touring Car Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position – 1 point awarded in first race) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap – 1 point awarded all races) (* signifies that driver lead race for at least one lap – 1 point awarded all races)
| Year | Team | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | Pos | Pts |
| 2013 | RCIB Insurance Racing | Vauxhall Insignia | BRH 1 | BRH 2 | BRH 3 | DON 1 | DON 2 | DON 3 | THR 1 | THR 2 | THR 3 | OUL 1 | OUL 2 | OUL 3 | CRO 1 | CRO 2 | CRO 3 | SNE 1 | SNE 2 | SNE 3 | KNO 1 22 | KNO 2 20 | KNO 3 13 | ROC 1 | ROC 2 | ROC 3 | SIL 1 | SIL 2 | SIL 3 | BRH 1 | BRH 2 | BRH 3 | 28th | 3 |
| 2015 | RCIB Insurance Racing | Toyota Avensis | BRH 1 24 | BRH 2 22 | BRH 3 20 | DON 1 21 | DON 2 20 | DON 3 18 | THR 1 24 | THR 2 15 | THR 3 18 | OUL 1 DNS | OUL 2 25 | OUL 3 22 | CRO 1 DNS | CRO 2 DNS | CRO 3 DNS | SNE 1 23 | SNE 2 DNS | SNE 3 Ret | KNO 1 Ret | KNO 2 DNS | KNO 3 DNS | ROC 1 Ret | ROC 2 DNS | ROC 3 Ret | SIL 1 | SIL 2 | SIL 3 | BRH 1 | BRH 2 | BRH 3 | 30th | 1 |
# Joe Sims (politician)

Joe Sims is the national co-chairman of the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA), as well as a co-editor of the Party's online newspaper, People's World. He has held the position of co-chairman since 2019, when he was elected alongside Rossana Cambron at the party's 31st national convention in Chicago.

## Activism

Joe Sims was the section chairman for the Young Workers Liberation League in Washington, D.C. when he attended the Communist Party USA's extraordinary conference in Milwaukee in April 1982.
Sims had the opportunity to participate in the World Federation of Democratic Youth festivals in Berlin in 1973, Moscow in 1985, and Pyongyang in 1989.
As of March 1994, Sims was a member of the Organization Commission of the Communist Party USA.
In March 1998, Sims was part of the “Endorsers of the Call” effort, founding the Black Radical Congress from the Communist Party USA. In 2000, Sims was the New York United contact for Black Radical Congress. In 2001, Sims served on the Black Radical Congress journal BRC Today editorial board.
On March 30, 2002, the Communist Party USA paper People's Weekly World called for a national holiday in honor of late United Farm Workers leader Cesar Chavez. The article was followed by a long list of endorsers including Joe Sims. Almost all endorsers were members of the Communist Party USA.
In 2009, he was publisher on the Editorial Collective of Political Affairs, theoretical journal of the Communist Party USA.
He traveled frequently to South Africa since the unbanning of the African National Congress and the South African Communist Party, and has written and reported extensively on South African developments.
He was a People's World Editorial Board Co-editor in 2015.
In June 2019, Sims and Rossana Cambron became co-leaders of the Communist Party USA.
In March 2021, CPUSA committee members Joe Sims, Zenobia Thompson, and Eric Brooks initiated the reform of the African American Equality Commission. According to Sims, the AAEC will "support the CPUSA National Committee, clubs, and members in maintaining a focus on outreach and recruitment in the Black community, help the CPUSA strengthen the theoretical framework for a Marxist/Leninist understanding of the current struggles of the Black community in the USA, and spotlight struggles to improve Black living conditions."
# Ballintoy Parish Church

Ballintoy Parish Church is the main Church of Ireland church of Ballintoy, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The church, located a short distance from the town, is one of the most northerly churches in the Diocese of Connor. It is a Grade-B+ listed building.

## History

The church as it now stands was completed in 1813 as a replacement for an older structure. It was built under the auspices of Revd Robert Trail to a plan drawn by Henry Wynne. In June 1857, a new organ was installed by Dublin-based firm Telford & Telford, at a cost of £37. A renovation was undertaken in 1883 and involved adding a new pulpit, pews, flooring and heating. Repairs were also made to the roof and spire. Further roof repairs were undertaken following damage caused by a hurricane in December 1894.

## Architecture

The church is two bays in length, with a single north transept, the tower being retained from an earlier building. Between the nave and the transept is a small chapel or baptistry.

## Features

On an exterior wall of the church is a sun dial and tide clock which are dated by an inscription to 1817.
Though no longer rung, the old church bell bears the following inscription:
    "Archibald Stewart gave me: Charles, his son, re-cast me, anno 1686 and Archibald the son of Charles re-cast and augmented me anno 1718"
The communion plate or chalice is reputed to have been manufactured before 1638 by Dublin silversmith James Vanderbeg or Vanderbeck.
# Daniela Stanciu

Daniela Stanciu (born 15 October 1987) is a Romanian athlete who specialises in the high jump. She qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics. She has qualified to represent Romania again at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Personal bests
### Outdoor

| Event | Record | Venue | Date |
| High jump | 1.96 | Pitești | 31 July 2019 |

### Indoor

| Event | Record | Venue | Date |
| High jump | 1.94 | Bucharest | 14 February 2015 / 6 February 2019 |

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Romania |||||
| 2014 | European Championships | Zurich, Switzerland | 8th | 1.94 m|PB |
| 2020 | Balkan Championships | Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 1st | 1.88 m |
| 2021 | European Indoor Championships | Toruń, Poland | 5th | 1.92 m|SB |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Tokyo, Japan | 19th (q) | 1.90 m |
| 2022 | World Championships | Eugene, United States | 10th | 1.93 m |
| 2022 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 14th (q) | 1.83 m |
| 2023 | European Indoor Championships | Istanbul, Turkey | 7th | 1.86 m |
| 2023 | World Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 20th (q) | 1.85 m |
| 2024 | World Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | – | NM |
| 2024 | Olympic Games | Paris, France | 19th (q) | 1.88 m |
# Martyna Dąbrowska

Martyna Dąbrowska (born 5 April 1994) is a Polish sprinter who specialises in the 400 metres. She won a bronze medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2017 World Championships in London, where she run in the heats. In addition, she was a reserve member of the women's 4 × 400 metres relay for Poland at the 2016 Summer Olympics, but did not run.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Poland ||||||
| 2012 | World Junior Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 7th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:37.90 |
| 2013 | European Junior Championships | Rieti, Italy | 1st | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:32.63 |
| 2015 | European U23 Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 7th | 400 m | 52.65 |
| 2015 | European U23 Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:30.24 |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 2nd (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:27.72 |
| 2017 | World Championships | London, United Kingdom | 6th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:26.47 |
| 2017 | Universiade | Taipei, Taiwan | 2nd (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:32.62 |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 3rd (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:28.52 |

## Personal bests
### Outdoor

| Event | Record | Wind | Venue | Date |
| 200 metres | 24.29 | -0.4 | Białystok | 23 June 2012 |
| 400 metres | 52.23 | | Bydgoszcz | 14 June 2015 |

### Indoor

| Event | Record | Venue | Date |
| 200 metres | 23.63 | Toruń | 22 February 2015 |
# Moore's second law

Rock's law or Moore's second law, named for Arthur Rock or Gordon Moore, says that the cost of a semiconductor chip fabrication plant doubles every four years. As of 2015, the price had reached about 14 billion US dollars.
Rock's law can be seen as the economic flip side to Moore's (first) law – that the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles every two years. The latter is a direct consequence of the ongoing growth of the capital-intensive semiconductor industry— innovative and popular products mean more profits, meaning more capital available to invest in ever higher levels of large-scale integration, which in turn leads to the creation of even more innovative products.
The semiconductor industry has always been extremely capital-intensive, with ever-dropping manufacturing unit costs. Thus, the ultimate limits to growth of the industry will constrain the maximum amount of capital that can be invested in new products; at some point, Rock's Law will collide with Moore's Law.
It has been suggested that fabrication plant costs have not increased as quickly as predicted by Rock's law – indeed plateauing in the late 1990s – and also that the fabrication plant cost per transistor (which has shown a pronounced downward trend) may be more relevant as a constraint on Moore's Law.
# Grip Lighthouse

The Grip Lighthouse (Norwegian: Grip fyrstasjon) is located in the Grip archipelago in Kristiansund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The lighthouse was built between 1885 and 1888 on the 7-metre (23 ft) high islet of Bratthårskollen, north of Gripholmen.

## Description

The 44-metre (144 ft) tall lighthouse is a red cast iron tower on a white 16-metre (52 ft) granite stonemasonry base. This is the second tallest lighthouse tower in Norway. The lighthouse's range is 19 nautical miles (35 km; 22 mi), and the white, red, or green light, depending on direction, is occulting every eight seconds.
The islet is barren rock with just the lighthouse tower, a concrete boathouse, and two wharves. The lighthouse keepers lived inside the lighthouse tower. A radio beacon was operated between 1947 and 1986, which was replaced with a frequency-agile racon signalling "G" with a range of 4 nm. The lighthouse was electrified in 1932, and is unmanned since it was automated in 1977. In 2000, it became protected as a cultural heritage site. The pilot station was shut down in 1969.