OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1991 Duke Blue Devils football team

The 1991 Duke Blue Devils football team represented Duke University as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by second-year head coach Barry Wilson, the Blue Devils compiled an overall record of 4–6–1 with a mark of 1–6 in conference play, and finished tied for seventh in the ACC. Duke played home games at Wallace Wade Stadium in Durham, North Carolina.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | TV | Result | Attendance |
| September 7 | 7:00 p.m. | at South Carolina* | Williams–Brice StadiumColumbia, SC | | T 24–24 | 71,200 |
| September 14 | | Rutgers* | Wallace Wade StadiumDurham, NC | | W 42–22 | 15,400 |
| September 21 | | Colgate* | Wallace Wade StadiumDurham, NC | | W 42–14 | 20,200 |
| September 28 | | at Virginia | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA | | L 3–34 | 43,400 |
| October 5 | | Vanderbilt* | Wallace Wade StadiumDurham, NC | | W 17–13 | 20,600 |
| October 26 | | at Maryland | Byrd StadiumCollege Park, MD | | W 17–13 | 35,423 |
| November 2 | | Georgia Tech | Wallace Wade StadiumDurham, NC | | L 6–17 | 38,732 |
| November 9 | 1:00 p.m. | at Wake Forest | Groves StadiumWinston-Salem, NC (rivalry) | | L 14–31 | 15,759 |
| November 16 | | No. 24 NC State | Wallace Wade StadiumDurham, NC (rivalry) | | L 31–32 | 28,975 |
| November 23 | | at North Carolina | Kenan Memorial StadiumChapel Hill, NC (Victory Bell) | | L 14–47 | 50,500 |
| November 30 | 1:30 p.m. | vs. No. 13 Clemson | Tokyo DomeTokyo, Japan (Coca-Cola Classic) | ABC | L 21–33 | 50,000 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from AP Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Eastern time ||||||||
# 1896 in Sweden

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events from the year 1896 in Sweden

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Oscar II
* Prime Minister – Erik Gustaf Boström.

## Events

* AIK Fotboll is founded.
* Eskilstuna Guif is created.
* Lundsbergs boarding school is established.
* Svenska Mästerskapet
* Broxvik Drama, a cause célèbre, takes place.
* The Swedish National Council of Women is founded by Ellen Fries.
* Nya smedjegården is closed and demolished.

## Births

* 6 May – Rolf Maximilian Sievert, medical physicist (died 1966)
* 25 November – Tore Holm, sailor (died 1977).
* 20 December – Arvid Andersson-Holtman, gymnast (died 1992).

## Deaths

* 19 October - Emmy Rappe, the first trained nurse in Sweden (born 1835)
* 24 September – Louis Gerhard De Geer, baron (born 1818)
* Kloka Anna i Vallåkra, divine visionary and natural healer (born 1820)
* 9 March - Hanna Winge, painter (born 1838)
* December 10 Alfred Nobel engineer (born 1833 in Sweden)
# Hasan Enver Pasha

Hasan Enver Pasha, (1857, Istanbul – 1929, Istanbul) was an Ottoman general.

## Personal life

He was the son of Mustafa Celalettin Pasha a Polish convert to Islam, who fled to the Ottoman Empire after a failed Polish uprising against Prussia, who joined the Ottoman army under the name "Mustafa Celaleddin". His mother was the daughter of Omer Pasha.
After graduating from Galatasaray High School he studied engineering in Paris.
He married Leyla Hanım, a daughter of Mehmed Ali Pasha (marshal). They had five children: Celile who became the mother of Nâzım Hikmet, Münevver who became the mother of Oktay Rıfat Horozcu, Mustafa Celalettin, Mehmet Ali, and Sara.

## Military Life

After graduating the Turkish Military Academy, he became an Ottoman officer like his father. His first assignment was as an attaché for Austria. He became the commander of the unit stationed at Volos, after the capture of the city in 1897. He was sent to observe the Cuban War of Independence in 1898, it is said that was to gain experience to use in the similar position in Crete at the time. In 1901, he led an expedition to deliver Islamic and pan-Islamic messages to the Muslims of China who interfered in the Boxer Rebellion.

## Later life and works

After retiring, he founded a school in Erenköy. He also wrote articles on Turkish history for a magazine. A book on Havana was partially based on his experiences. He died in 1929 at Istanbul.
# Salle de la Bouteille

The Salle de la Bouteille (French pronunciation:) or Salle du Jeu de Paume de la Bouteille, later known as the Hôtel [de] Guénégaud or Guénégaud Theatre, was a 1671 theatre located in Paris, France, between the rue de Seine and the rue des Fossés de Nesle (now 42 rue Mazarine, at its intersection with the rue Jacques Callot). It was across from the rue Guénégaud, which ran behind the garden of a townhouse formerly known as the Hôtel de Guénégaud on the quai de Nevers. The theatre was the first home of the Paris Opera and in 1680 became the first theatre of the Comédie-Française. It closed in 1689 and was later partially demolished and remodeled for other purposes.

## History

Originally a tennis court (jeu de paume) that was converted into a theatre, it was inaugurated in 1671 as the first home of Pierre Perrin's Académie d'Opéra (see Paris Opera). The first French opera, Robert Cambert's Pomone with a libretto by Perrin, premiered there on 3 March of that year. A second lyric work, Les peines et les plaisirs de l'amour, with a libretto by Gabriel Gilbert and music by Cambert, was performed in 1672. On 13 March 1672 the surintendant of the king's music, Jean-Baptiste Lully, acquired Perrin's rights to perform opera and named his company the Académie Royale de Musique, although it also continued to be called the Opéra. Because of legal difficulties Lully could not use the Salle de la Bouteille, and moved the Opéra to a theatre built by Carlo Vigarani in the Bel-Air tennis court on the Rue de Vaugirard.
In 1673, after the death of Molière, the Salle de la Bouteille became the home of the Guénégaud Theatre, a company formed from the remnants of the troupe of Molière and players from the Théâtre du Marais.
In 1680, after merging with the troupe from the Hôtel de Bourgogne, the company became known as the Comédie-Française and continued to perform in the Guénégaud until 1689, when it moved to the Jeu de Paume de l'Étoile on the rue des Fossés-Saint-Germain-des-Prés (the southeastward extension of the rue des Fossés de Nesle), today known as the rue de l'Ancienne-Comédie.
# Julinho (footballer, born 1987)

Júlio César Machado Colares (born 21 July 1987), commonly known as Julinho, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a left back for Bishkek City in the Kyrgyz Premier League.

## Career

In May 2015, Portuguesa announced the signing of Julinho.
On 9 January 2025, Julinho was announced as one of the first signings for newly formed Kyrgyz Premier League club Bishkek City.

## Honours
### América-RN

* Campeonato Potiguar: 2015
# James Amaziah Whitney

James Amaziah Whitney (30 June 1839 – 1907) was an American lawyer and writer.

## Biography

He was the son of Amaziah (22 July 1813 – 7 August 1853) and Margaret S. (née Taylor; 27 December 1818 – 29 March 1895) Whitney. In childhood, he moved with his parents to Maryland, New York, where he received a common-school education, and began his career as a farmer. In 1860, he began studying chemistry, mechanics, and engineering on his own.
In 1865, Whitney became a writer of specifications in the office of a firm of patent lawyers. Then in 1868 he became an editor of the American Artisan, and took an active part in organizing the New York Society of Practical Engineers, of which he was president for several years. From 1869 to 1872, he was professor of agricultural chemistry in the American Institute, and then he started a legal practice as a patent lawyer. In 1876 he was admitted to practice in the U. S. circuit courts. Iowa College gave him the degree of LL.D. in 1880.

## Works

Besides numerous essays on scientific, mechanical, legal, and political subjects, Whitney wrote:
* The Relations of the Patent Laws to the Development of Agriculture, a monograph (New York, 1874)
* The Chinese and the Chinese Question (1880; enlarged ed., 1888) This work argued for the exclusion of the Chinese.
* Notes of Travel in Western Europe
* Shobab, a Tale of Bethesda, a poem (1884)
* Sonnets and Lyrics (1884)
* The Children of Lamech, a poem (1885)
* Poetical Works (2 vols., 1886)
# List of tallest mosques

A list of the 25 tallest mosques in the world. The height value gives the height of the tallest element of the mosque (usually a minaret).

## List

| | Name | Country | City | Height | Year of completion | Remarks |
| 1 | Djamaa el Djazaïr | Algeria | Algiers | 265 metres | 2019 | |
| 2 | Hassan II Mosque | Morocco | Casablanca | 210 metres | 1993 | |
| 3 | Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque | Malaysia | Shah Alam | 142.3 metres | 1988 | 106.7 metres high dome |
| 4 | Great Mosque of Mecca | Saudi Arabia | Mecca | 139 metres | 1570 | |
| 5 | Grand Mosalla mosque of Tehran | Iran | Tehran | 136 metres | 2006 | Unfinished as of 2019 |
| 6 | Al Fateh Grand Mosque | Bahrain | Manama | 130.1 metres | 1988 | |
| 7 | Putra Mosque | Malaysia | Putrajaya | 116 metres | 1999 | |
| 8 | Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque | United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | 115 metres | 2008 | |
| 9 | Mosque of Sheikh Ibrahim Al-Ibrahim | Venezuela | Caracas | 113 metres | 1989 | |
| 10 | Al-Masjid an-Nabawi | Saudi Arabia | Medina | 112 metres | 1994 | |
| 11 | Al-Nour Mosque | Egypt | Cairo | 111.9 metres | | |
| 12 | Grand Mosalla mosque of Isfahan | Iran | Isfahan | 110 metres | 2010 | |
| 13 | Çamlıca Republic Mosque | Turkey | Istanbul | 107.1 metres | 2016 | |
| 14 | The Grand Mosque | United Arab Emirates | Dubai | 107 metres | 2007 | |
| 15 | Sabancı Central Mosque | Turkey | Adana | 99 metres | 1998 | |
| 16 | Jameh Mosque of Makki | Iran | Zahedan | 92 metres | 2010 | |
| 17 | Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque | Oman | Muscat | 91.3 metres | 2001 | |
| 18 | Mausoleum of Ruhollah Khomeini | Iran | Tehran | 91 metres | 1992 | |
| 19 | Faisal Mosque | Pakistan | Islamabad | 90 metres | 1987 | |
| 20 | Kocatepe Mosque | Turkey | Ankara | 88 metres | 1987 | |
| 21 | Abdülhamid Han Mosque | Turkey | Kahramanmaras | 88 metres | | |
| 22 | Maltepe Merkez Mosque | Turkey | Istanbul | 87 metres | | |
| 23 | Mosque of Muhammad Ali | Egypt | Cairo | 84.1 metres | 1848 | |
| 24 | Mosque-Madrassa of Sultan Hassan | Egypt | Cairo | 84 metres | 1364 | |
| 25 | Selimiye Mosque | Turkey | Edirne | 83 metres | 1574 | |
# Oper am Gänsemarkt

The Oper am Gänsemarkt was a theatre in Hamburg, Germany, built in 1678 after plans of Girolamo Sartorio at the Gänsemarkt square. It was the first public opera house to be established in Germany: not a court opera, as in many other towns. Everybody could buy a ticket, like in Venice. Most works were in the German language or translated librettos (from Italian).
The building was torn down in 1756, but rebuilt in 1765.

## History

The founding of the Hamburg opera was an initiative of the well-traveled lawyer and alderman Gerhard Schott, who was impressed by Italian opera and Johann Adam Reincken, a local church organist. Johann Theile, Kapellmeister of Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, who lived during the years 1675–1679 and 1684–1689 in exile in the city, organised its first performance. For the construction of the stage the Italian engineer and architect Girolamo Sartorio was attracted by the private company. Protests and accusations by some Hamburg ministers before and after the opening held on for several years, and is known as the first "Hamburger Theaterstreit".
The opening of the house took place on 2 January 1678 with Johann Theile's sacred opera Adam und Eva, succeeded by works of Nicolò Minato and Antonio Sartorio, Johann Wolfgang Franck with Cara Mustapha (1686), Agostino Steffani, Carlo Pallavicino and Johann Sigismund Kusser. Because of an argument with the management, Kusser organized an opera in the refectory of the local Dom.
In 1695 Reinhard Keiser took over the post of Kapellmeister until 1718; from 1703 to 1707 he also held the directorship. In 1703 Handel came from Halle to Hamburg as a cembalist and violin player, and a famous duel took place between Handel and Mattheson, during and after which Cleopatra was performed. One of the musicians was Christoph Graupner. In 1705 (?) Handel met with Gian Gastone de' Medici, who invited him to Pratolino.
Agostino Steffani, Johann Mattheson, Georg Friedrich Händel, Nicolaus Adam Strungk, Johann Philipp Förtsch, Georg Bronner, Johann Philipp Krieger, Georg Caspar Schürmann, and Johann Georg Conradi composed Singspiele or baroque opera's for the Hamburg opera. There were performances on two or three days a week, and around 90 performances a year. The opera season started in Winter; in Summer and on religious holidays the theatre was closed. Because of the long scene changes each performance took four to six hours and began by afternoon.
In 1722 Georg Philipp Telemann took over the management of the opera house, which he held until the end of 1738. In 1627 the first German opera Dafne (lost) by Heinrich Schütz was performed. From 1743 till 1750 the building was used by Angelo Mingotti, performing Italian opera's by Hasse and Pergolesi. Christoph Willibald Gluck performed his works in 1748. In 1750 the building was sold.

## Second house

Between 1767 and 1770 Gotthold Ephraim Lessing was the dramatist in what was called Deutsches Nationaltheater.
# Thomas Sheppard Farm

Thomas Sheppard Farm, also known as Sheppard Mill Farm, is a historic home and farm located near Stokes, Pitt County, North Carolina. The farmhouse was built about 1850, and is a two-story, heavy timber frame dwelling with a one-story shed addition and Greek Revival style design elements. A one-story kitchen wing constructed about 1930, and was enlarged and joined to the main block about 1950. It features a one-story portico with Doric order columns. Also on the property are the contributing tenant house (c. 1930), stock barn (c. 1930), tobacco barn (c. 1930), hog pen (c. 1930), chicken house (c. 1930), brick well house (c. 1930), and agricultural landscape.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
# DBCS (disambiguation)

A DBCS, Double Byte Character Set, is an encoding in which characters are encoded in two bytes.
DBCS may also refer to:
* Delivery Bar Code Sorter, a machine used by the United States Postal Service
* Drakensberg Boys' Choir School, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
* Honda VFR800#Dual combined braking system (DCBS)
* Disney Bros. Cartoon Studio, a former name for the Walt Disney Company.
# Johan Fredrik Wallenius

Johan Fredrik Wallenius (14 August 1765 – 12 January 1836) was a Finnish physician and botanist.
Wallenius was born in Turku to mathematics professor Martin Johan and Renata Frosterus. He graduated from the Turku Secondary School. He studied medicine at Stockholm and received a medical license in 1785 under Johan Johansson Haartman (1725–1787). He wrote a thesis under Professor Carl Niclas Hellenius on supplementary plant foods for use during years when crops failed in 1782. He practiced medicine at Häme (1786–94) and then at Uusimaa (1794–1800). He became a demonstrator of botany at the Royal Academy of Turku in 1800–1805 after Anders Dahl (1751–1789) where he was to instruct students of medicine on medicinal plants. He later became a secretary of the Finnish Economy Society from 1800 to 1805 and its chairman from 1812 to 1813. He supervised 50 doctoral students including P.U.F. Sadelin. Wallenius died in Turku from dropsy.
# Meir Javedanfar

Meir Javedanfar is an Iranian-born Israeli Middle East commentator and academic. He left Iran in 1987 and now lives in Israel. He has worked as a foreign affairs commentator at BBC Persian. With Yossi Melman, he co-authored The Nuclear Sphinx of Tehran: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and the State of Iran.

## Early life and education

Meir Javedanfar was born in Tehran to a family from Isfahan. He studied at the Ettefegh and Abrishami Jewish day schools in Tehran and for one year at the Shahid Mohammad Baqir Sadr Muslim day school in his neighborhood of Gisha. Eight months after his bar mitzvah in Tehran, in March 1987, Javedanfar's family moved to the United Kingdom as Jewish refugees from Iran.
Between 1992 and 1995, he studied a Business and Management studies B.Sc. at Salford University. From 1995-1996, Javedanfar studied the MA International Relations and Strategic Studies course at Lancaster University. His MA thesis was entitled "Israeli Motivations for Military Intervention in Lebanon: 1982 to Date (1996)". From 1997-1998, Javedanfar studied the MSc Manufacturing and Management Information Systems course at the University of the West of England. His MSc thesis was based on analysing the Information Technology systems of the Czech civilian aircraft manufacturer Let Kunovice. As part of his research, he lived for three months in the Czech city of Uherské Hradiště, South Moravia.
In May 2022, Javedanfar completed his PhD at Haifa University. His PhD thesis examined Mohammad Reza Shah's security decision-making in relation to Iraq and the Soviet Union.

## Career

In 2004, Javedanfar moved to Israel, and in 2005 he established a company, Middle East Economic and Political Analysis (MEEPAS), which he ran until 2019.
Since 2005, Javedanfar has published articles on Iran and Israel in several publications, including Foreign Affairs, Al-Monitor, The Diplomat, and The Guardian.
Javedanfar has taught various Iran-related courses at Reichman University since 2012 and has appeared as a guest lecturer in more than 20 universities and colleges. Since 2022, he has been a non-resident fellow at the Middle East Institute in Washington, D.C.
He speaks Persian, Hebrew, English, Spanish, and Portuguese.

## Books

* Javedanfar, Meir and Melman, Yossi. The Nuclear Sphinx of Tehran – Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and The State of Iran, Carroll & Graf, March 1, 2007. Translated into English, Hebrew, Dutch and Polish.
* Javedanfar, Meir. "The Islamic Republic of Iran: The Ministry of Information and Security (VAVAK)" chapter in book series PSI Handbook of Global Security and Intelligence: National Approaches, Praeger, April 30, 2008
# Vowchyn Ghetto

Vowchyn Ghetto (Summer 1941 - September 1942) was a Nazi Jewish ghetto established during the Nazi occupation of Belarus in World War II. It was a site of forced resettlement for Jews from Vowchyn in the Kamenets district of the Brest region and surrounding areas, during the persecution and extermination of Jews by Nazi Germany.

## Occupation of Vowchyn and the creation of the ghetto

According to the 1939 census, 402 Jews resided in the village of Vowchyn. Shortly after German troops occupied Vowchyn, more than 100 Jews were deported to the ghetto in Vysokoye, where they were murdered alongside the local Jewish population on November 2, 1942.
The village did not host a German garrison; instead, the occupation was administered by local collaborators, including the head of the German administration, local policemen, and Igor Kudin-Kirikovich, the son of the local priest, who served as the village headman (soltys). The former synagogue was repurposed as a warehouse by the Germans. Approximately two months after the occupation began, the Nazis established a ghetto in Vowchyn, confining the local Jewish population as part of their broader program of extermination.

## Conditions in the ghetto

The ghetto was enclosed with barbed wire but was lightly guarded. Jews were able to leave the ghetto to barter for food.

## Destruction of the ghetto

In late October 1942 (or September according to some sources), the remaining Jews of Vowchyn, numbering over 40, were killed alongside 350 Jews from the ghetto in Chernavchitsy on the northern outskirts of the village, near the forest by New Vowchyn. Deceived into believing they were being relocated to another ghetto, the Jews—comprising mostly the elderly and children—marched to the execution site carrying their belongings. The victims were stripped and shot, their bodies piled into pits which were then lightly covered with sand.

## Cases of rescue

There is a known case of rescue involving a local policeman named Marian Kozhenevsky, who saved Esther Mindler, a Jewish girl around 9-10 years old. He smuggled her out of the ghetto the day before the execution, but her subsequent fate is unknown.

## Memory

From the summer of 1941 until its destruction in 1942, the Vowchyn ghetto saw the murder of 395 (or 350) Jews from Vowchyn and Chernavchitsy during several "actions," (used by the Nazis for mass murder). Additionally, the old Jewish cemetery in Dichka pasture holds the remains of approximately 700 Jews, including those from nearby villages and towns who were brought to Vowchyn and executed.
In 1965, a concrete obelisk was erected at the mass grave, inscribed with the words: "Here in 1942, 395 Jews—residents of the villages of Vowchyn and Chernavchitsy—were shot. Shame on the bloody executioners and German fascists."
# Duan Yongping

Duan Yongping (Chinese: 段永平; pinyin: Duàn Yǒngpíng; born 1961) is a Chinese-American billionaire entrepreneur and electrical engineer. He was the director of the Subor Electronics Industry Corporation and founded BBK Electronics Group (also the former Chairman). Duan's net worth was estimated at $1.5 billion, according to the 2018 Hurun China Rich List.

## Early life and education

Born on 10 March 1961 in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China, Duan entered Zhejiang University in 1978, majoring in wireless electronics engineering. After graduation, he became a teacher at the adult education center of the Beijing Radio Tube Factory (now BOE Technology). Later, he studied at Renmin University, where he majored in econometrics. He also studied in CEIBS as an EMBA student for two years.

## Career
### Subor era

In 1989, he was appointed director of Nihwa Electronics Factory in Zhongshan by the parent Yihua Group. Over six years, he transformed the business's fortunes. The company only had 20 workers including himself. They only had 3000 RMB cash but owed 2 million RMB debts. But after Duan's struggle, it quickly became top producer of the "learning computer" (Chinese: 学习机). Branded as Subor (Xiao Ba Wang, Chinese: 小霸王) it was very successful at producing famiclones for the Chinese and other markets. It also produced video-game facilities, which made a profit of more than 200 million RMB during 1994–1995.

### Founding of BBK

On 28 August 1995, Duan resigned from Subor, and founded BBK Electronics Industrial Group in Dongguan, Guangdong Province. Its main product was DVD players. It is a well-known brand in cell phone, telephone and stereo devices.
From 2002 to 2004, he was the second largest individual shareholder (with more than 10% at peak) of NetEase after William Ding Lei.

## Personal life and philanthropy

Together with William Ding Lei, Duan donated US$40 million to Zhejiang University in September 2006. This is the biggest endowment in recent years for higher education in mainland China.
In 2007, Duan spent US$620,100 to have lunch with Warren Buffett ("Power Lunch with Warren Buffett"), the money was donated to the Glide Foundation. Due to his success in the stock market, and philanthropic activities, he has been called the "Chinese Buffett".
Duan founded the Enlight Foundation in 2004. It is run by his spouse Xin Liu, who is also the director and co-founder of Xinhe Foundation (previously Xinping Foundation) in China.