OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Juan Garland

Juan Garland, born as John Garland, (Ireland - † Schooner Marina, Caribbean Sea, December 1775) was an Irish military engineer who served the Spanish Empire, and who directed many of the largest public works made in Colonial Chile.
Among his works is the modification of the Valdivian Fort System; the floor plan of the Cabildo of Santiago; the selection of site and urban design of the new Concepción which was moved in 1765 following the tsunami of 1751; the main church of Valdivia (destroyed later by the 1960 Valdivia earthquake); the makeover of dikes of Mapocho River (1765), the direction of the improvement of the Santiago–Mendoza road, plus some contributions on the design of Puente de Calicanto.
# August 1st Building

The August 1st Building, also known as the Bayi Building located at No. 7 Fuxing Road (Beijing) in Haidian District, Beijing, is a military office building in Beijing, China. It was planned to be the main office for the agencies of the Central Military Commission and the Ministry of Defense. It has become known as the "Great Hall of the People's Liberation Army" as it is the venue of most military diplomatic events and important military meetings.

## Description

The first PLA main office in Beijing was located at 20 Jingshan Qianjie, also known as the "Three Gates" complex (三座门 pinyin:Sānzuòmén). These facilities were fairly small, so since the 1980s there were plans to build a larger complex. The August 1st building project ("844 Project") started in 1988 under the direction of recently retired head of the PLA General Office, Fu Xuezheng. The construction project broke ground on 2 March 1997, the main structure was completed by 30 October 30, 1997, basically completed the facade and equipment installation by the end of 1998, and the building was fully completed at the end of July 1999. The total investment of the project was RMB 779 million, with a total floor area of 90,255m$^2$, for an average cost of 8,631.9RMB/m$^2$.。
The August 1st Building was designed by the Fourth Design Institute of the General Staff Department. The main building has 12 floors above the ground and 2 basements. To the south side of the main building there is the August 1st Square, where review ceremonies are held. To the north side there are 12,600m$^2$ of green space. On the west side of the building is the Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution, and to the south, across the Fuxing Road, is the main building of the China State Railway Group (formerly the Ministry of Railways).
The August 1st Building is managed by the Bayi Building Management Service of the General Office of the Central Military Commission.
Hardened (nuclear resistant) facilities for military command agencies (such as the headquarters of the Joint Operations Command) are located inside the Western Hills. China is possibly now building a large new underground administrative and command center in the nearby Qinglonghu area.
# Sometimes I Cry

"Sometimes I Cry" is a song by American singer Eric Benét, released as the lead single from his fifth album Lost in Time. The song peaked at number 16 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Benét earned a 2012 Grammy nomination for Best Traditional R&B Performance on this song.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| South Korea International (Circle) | 6 |
| US Adult R&B Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 16 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2010) | Position |
| US Adult R&B Songs (Billboard) | 21 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 77 |
| Chart (2011) | Position |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 89 |
# Bragado

Bragado is a city in the center-northwest province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the head town of Bragado Partido. The city is 210 km west-southwest from Buenos Aires City, not far from the Salado River. Bragado is served by the Sarmiento Railway with services running from the train station there to Once railway station in Buenos Aires.

## Etymology and legend

The name of the city came from an old 18th century legend. At that time, there was a brave horse, incredibly beautiful and defiant, who went to the lagoon to drink water.
The natives and the soldiers of the Argentine Army wanted to tame the horse. There were many attempts to catch it, but the horse was brave and it was always fighting, defending its freedom. One day, a group of soldiers corner it against the lagoon, in a ravine, and when they were sure that it had no escape, the horse jumped to the water, killing itself. It preferred death to captivity.
The libertarian spirit of the horse was so amazing that the legend of the Bragado horse spread around the place and gave name to the city.

## Notable people

* Jorge Basile, international boxing referee
* Andrés Manuel Carretero, writer

## Gallery

* Bragado City Hall
* Santa Rosa de Lima Parish, Bragado
* Bragado - Colegio Nacional
* Bragado train station
# Modesta Bor

Modesta Bor (15 June 1926 – 7 April 1998) was a Venezuelan composer.

## Life and career

Modesta Bor was born in Juan Griego, Isla de Margarita. She studied in Caracas with Elena Arrarte, Juan Bautista Plaza, Antonio Estévez, Maria de Lourdes Rotundo and Vicente Emilio Sojo, graduating with a degree in composition in 1959. She continued her studies at the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory with Aram Khachaturian. In 1960 she won her first National Music Prize with Sonata for viola and piano.
After completing her studies, Bor returned to Venezuela to work as a composer, teacher and choir director, becoming head of the music department in the Central University of Venezuela Culture Department. She also served as director of the musicology section of Folklore Research of the National Service. She died in Mérida.

## Works

Bor composed for orchestra, chamber ensemble, piano and vocal performance, writing more than 95 choral works for mixed and 130 for equal-voice choir. Selected works include:
* Children's Suite
* Canción de cuna para dormir un negrito (in Tríptico sobre poesía cubana, for voice and piano) (Text: Nicolas Guillén)
* Coplas venezolanas (in Segundo cico de romanzas y canciones, for contralto and piano) (Text: Andrés Eloy Blanco Meaño)
* Guitarra (in Tríptico sobre poesía cubana for voice and piano) (Text: Nicolas Guillén)
* Nocturno en los muellas (in Tríptico sobre poesía cubana for voice and piano) (Text: Nicolas Guillén)
* Pregón (in Segundo ciclo de romanzas y canciones for contralto and piano) (Text: Andrés Eloy Blanco Meaño)
* Si el silencio fuera mío (in Segundo ciclo de romanzas y canciones for contralto and piano) (Text: Andrés Eloy Blanco Meaño)
* Suspiro cuando te miro (in Segundo ciclo de romanzas y canciones for contralto and piano) (Text: Andrés Eloy Blanco Meaño)
# George Vid Tomashevich

George Vid Tomashevich (Vocin, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 3 March 1927 – Berkeley, California, 3 December 2009) was an eminent Serbian poet, writer and professor of anthropology in the United States of America, and as a scholar of universal erudition, Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at State University of New York, College at Buffalo.
Tomashevich belonged to a distinguished Serbian family in Slavonia which had taken refuge in Belgrade from the World War II persecution of Serbs in Croatia. His friend, editor Drenka Willen also suffered the same fate during the time of the Independent State of Croatia.
Tomashevich was a liberal-minded man, both in politics and religion, and an enthusiastic supporter of popular education. He took interest in the struggle of the Serbs for independence and strongly favoured the establishment of a democratic monarchy (along British lines) which came about in 2002 when Crown Prince Alexander Karađorđević decided to return home to his ancestral roots. Tomashevich was a member of Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia’s Privy Council. He was also a member of the Serbian Heritage Academy of Canada, based in Toronto, the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SANU) in Belgrade, and the Nikola Tesla Memorial Society of New York.
He came to the United States shortly after World War II. He received his bachelor's degree in sociology from Roosevelt University and his master's and doctoral degrees in anthropology from the University of Chicago, with a concentration in cultural anthropology. His academic advisor was Robert Redfield. He came to Buffalo in 1968 to teach anthropology at Buffalo State College and retired in 1995.
His academic opus included many books, articles and public lectures, as well as contributions to the fields of Anthropology, Sociology, History, Philosophy, Philosophy of History, History of Philosophy and Science, Comparative Religion, Mythology, Linguistics, Folklore and Literature. As a scholar and poet, he wrote movingly on universal human topics, as well as on achievements of Serbian art, history and culture.

## Works (partial list)

His works include:
* The Millenniad (2006)
* Songs of Serbia (2002)
* Portraite of Serbian Achievers (2000)
* Continuity and Change in Serbian Civilization in the Wake of the Ottoman Conquest (1957)
* Prizme uma i crca (1985)
* The World as a Metaphor (1997)
* Co-authored with Sofija Škorić: Saint Sava, Patron of Serbia (1986)
# Shao Renzhe

Shao Renzhe (Chinese: 邵仁哲; born 13 April 1999) is a Chinese footballer currently playing as a forward.

## Club career

Shao Renzhe would play for the Zhejiang youth team before being promoted to the senior team. He would soon be loaned out to third club Fujian Tianxin on 2 March 2019. On his return he would make his debut for Zhejiang in the 2020 Chinese FA Cup on 29 November 2020 against Shandong Luneng Taishan in a 2-0 defeat. He would gradually start to establish himself as a regular within the team as the club gained promotion to the top tier at the end of the 2021 campaign. On 30 April 2022, Shao would transfer to second tier club Nanjing City.

## Career statistics

    As of 25 July 2021.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Zhejiang Professional | 2019 | China League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Zhejiang Professional | 2020 | China League One | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Zhejiang Professional | 2021 | China League One | 12 | 1 | 2 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1 |
| Zhejiang Professional | Total | Total | 12 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 1 |
| Fujian Tianxin (loan) | 2019 | China League Two | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 0 | 21 | 0 |
| Nanjing City | 2022 | China League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 31 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 36 | 1 |
* 1 2 Appearance(s) in CSL Relegation play-offs
* ↑ Appearances in the China League Two playoffs
# Lady Tatiana Mountbatten

Lady Tatiana Helen Georgia Dru (née Mountbatten; born 16 April 1990) is an English equestrian.

## Biography

Tatiana was born on 16 April 1990 to George Mountbatten, 4th Marquess of Milford Haven, and his first wife, Sarah Georgina (née Walker). She is an older sister of Henry Mountbatten, Earl of Medina. Her paternal great-grandparents, Prince George of Battenberg and Countess Nadejda Mikhailovna de Torby, were morganatic descendants of German and Russian royal houses.
Her great-grandparents gave up their German titles in exchange for titles within the British peerage and Anglicised their family name from Battenberg to Mountbatten. Through her father, Tatiana is a descendant of Alexander Pushkin, Abram Gannibal and multiple monarchs including Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse, Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse, Nicholas I of Russia, and Queen Victoria. She is a paternal second cousin once removed of Charles III and the first cousin twice removed of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
She went to school at Millfield in Street, Somerset. Tatiana is an equestrian and competes at a high level in dressage. She trained under Hasse Hoffamann, Klaus Balkenhol, and Kyra Kyrklund, before training under Charlotte Dujardin.
In 2007, she was presented to society at Le Bal des Débutantes in Paris. In October 2018, Crofton & Hall appointed Tatiana as their brand ambassador.
In November 2019, Tatiana published a personal website containing an equestrian and country style blog. In December 2019, Tatiana was banned from driving for six months by a Magistrates Court because of speeding-related offences. Tatiana has previously raced in The 2021 Magnolia Cup for a UK Charity.
Her engagement to entrepreneur Alexander 'Alick' Bernard Molyneux Dru (born 1991), the son of Mr. Bernard Auberon Alexander Dru and Mrs. Catherine Margaret Norden Dru, great-grandson of Colonel Aubrey Herbert, great-great-grandson of Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon and of John Vesey, 4th Viscount de Vesci, and great-grandnephew (by marriage) of Evelyn Waugh, from Bickham, Somerset, was announced in January 2022; the proposal took place during a vacation in Verbier, in the Swiss Alps. The couple married at Winchester Cathedral on 23 July 2022. The news that they were expecting their first child were announced via Instagram on 16 June 2023; their daughter was born later that year. In October 2024, it was announced that the couple was expecting their second child.
Her website and Instagram account state that she is a psychotherapist in training; she wishes to combine her knowledge of horses and somehow incorporate them into her methods of therapy.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Lady Tatiana Mountbatten :
# Howell v. Howell

Howell v. Howell, 581 U.S. ___ (2017), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that a state court may not order a veteran to indemnify a divorced spouse for the loss in the divorced spouse's portion of the veteran's retirement pay caused by the veteran's waiver of retirement pay to receive service-related disability benefits.
# ∞-Chern–Simons theory

In mathematics, ∞-Chern–Simons theory (not to be confused with infinite-dimensional Chern–Simons theory) is a generalized formulation of Chern–Simons theory from differential geometry using the formalism of higher category theory, which in particular studies ∞-categories. It is obtained by taking general abstract analogs of all involved concepts defined in any cohesive ∞-topos, for example that of smooth ∞-groupoids. Principal bundles on which Lie groups act are for example replaced by ∞-principal bundles on with group objects in ∞-topoi act. The theory is named after Shiing-Shen Chern and James Simons, who first described Chern–Simons forms in 1974, although the generalization was not developed by them.
# Kucana v. Holder

Kucana v. Holder, 558 U.S. 233 (2010), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the statute that makes certain discretionary determinations of the attorney general immune to judicial review does not allow the attorney general to declare determinations discretionary and immune to review via regulations.
# Manuel v. Joliet

Manuel v. Joliet, 580 U.S. ___ (2017), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that a criminal defendant may bring a claim under the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution to challenge pretrial confinement. In a 6-2 majority opinion written by Justice Elena Kagan, the Court stated that "the Fourth Amendment governs a claim for unlawful pretrial detention even beyond the start of legal process". This decision reversed and remanded the judgment of the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals. Justice Clarence Thomas wrote a dissenting opinion. Justice Thomas also joined a dissenting opinion by Justice Samuel Alito.
# Negusie v. Holder

Negusie v. Holder, 555 U.S. 511 (2009), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court involving whether the bar to asylum in the United States for persecutors applies to asylum applicants who have been the target of credible threats of harm or torture in their home countries for refusing to participate further in persecution. The petitioner, Daniel Negusie, claimed he was forced to assist in the mistreatment of prisoners in Eritrea under threat of execution, and that because any assistance he rendered was provided under duress he should still be eligible for asylum.
The Court held that the Board of Immigration Appeals and United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit erred in their interpretation of the Court's holding in Fedorenko v. United States (1981) when they evaluated Daniel's asylum petition, as they presumed that an alien's claimed coercion to participate in persecution was immaterial to determining whether the "persecutor bar" applies.
# Nichols v. United States

Nichols v. United States, 578 U.S. ___ (2016), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA) does not require an individual to update his registration after departing a state.

## Background

In 2003, Lester Ray Nichols was convicted of "traveling with intent to engage in illicit sexual conduct with a minor" under 18 U.S.C. § 2423(b). Congress passed the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA) in 2006 and the United States Attorney General determined in 2007 that the law applied retroactively. When Nichols was released in December 2011, he complied with SORNA's registration requirements, registering as a sex offender in Kansas. In November 2012, Nichols abruptly decided to leave Kansas and move to Manila in the Philippines.
Nichols was arrested and charged with violating SORNA reporting requirements. He filed a motion to "dismiss the indictment on the ground that SORNA did not require him to update his registration in Kansas"; however his motion was denied and "Nichols conditionally pleaded guilty, reserving his right to appeal the denial of his motion."
On appeal, the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit affirmed his conviction. In a 2013 case involving a man from the Kansas City area who had also moved to the Philippines, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit held in United States v. Lunsford that the defendant had no obligation to update his registration. The U.S. Supreme Court granted certiorari to resolve the circuit split.

## Opinion of the Court

Associate Justice Samuel Alito authored a unanimous decision holding that a plain text reading of SORNA applies to a place in which a resident resides, not resided. Because the Philippines is a foreign jurisdiction where SORNA is inapplicable and because the law uses the present tense, Nichols had no obligation under this federal law to update his registration. Under Kansas state law and under the subsequently enacted federal legislation, Nichols does have an obligation to update his registration information.
# Polar Tankers, Inc. v. City of Valdez

Polar Tankers, Inc. v. City of Valdez, 557 U.S. 1 (2009), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States involving the tonnage clause of the United States Constitution.
The City of Valdez in Alaska imposed a property tax that, in practice, applied only to large oil tankers. Polar Tankers, a ConocoPhillips subsidiary, sued, arguing that the tax violated the Tonnage Clause of the Constitution, which forbids a state, "without the Consent of Congress, [to] lay any Duty of Tonnage."
The Supreme Court agreed with Polar Tankers. The court noted that the original meaning of the clause was as a term of art for a tax imposed that varies with "the internal cubic capacity of a vessel," but emphasized that a consistent line of cases had read the clause broadly, "forbidding a State to do that indirectly which she is forbidden ... to do directly." Those cases, the court concluded, stood for the proposition that the tonnage clause's prohibition reaches any taxes or duties on a ship, "whether a fixed sum upon its whole tonnage, or a sum to be ascertained by comparing the amount of tonnage with the rate of duty[,] ... regardless of [the tax or duty's] name or form ... which operate to impose a charge for the privilege of entering, trading in, or lying in a port."
With this premise in mind, the court concluded that because Valdez taxes "ships and to no other property at all[,] ... in order to obtain revenue for general city purposes[, this was] ... the kind of tax that the Tonnage Clause forbids Valdez to impose without the consent of Congress, consent that Valdez lacks."
# Polselli v. Internal Revenue Service

Polselli v. Internal Revenue Service, 598 U.S. ___ (2023), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that when the Internal Revenue Service issues a summons in aid of collecting a tax liability, the exception to the notice requirement in 26 U.S.C. § 7609(c)(2)(D)(i) applies even if the delinquent taxpayer has no legal interest in the accounts or records summoned.
# Richlin Security Service Co. v. Chertoff

Richlin Security Service Co. v. Chertoff, 553 U.S. 571 (2008), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States evaluated standards for awarding attorney's fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act. After it prevailed in a lawsuit for back wages, Richlin filed an application for reimbursement of fees and expenses from the lawsuit, including 523.8 hours of paralegal work. Richlin requested the paralegal fees at the market rate for the services, rather than at the cost to the law firm that represented Richlin. The Department of Transportation's Board of Contract Appeals ruled that recovery of fees should be limited to the cost to the attorneys, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the Board's determination. In an opinion written by Justice Samuel Alito, the Court held that parties are entitled to reimbursement for services at prevailing market rates.
# Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc.

Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc., 552 U.S. 312 (2008), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the pre-emption clause of the Medical Device Amendment bars state common-law claims that challenge the effectiveness or safety of a medical device marketed in a form that received premarket approval from the Food and Drug Administration.
It modified the rule in Medtronic, Inc. v. Lohr.
# Salman v. United States

Salman v. United States, 580 U.S. ___ (2016), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that gifts of confidential information without any compensation to relatives for the purposes of insider trading are a violation of securities laws. The Court relied on its decision in Dirks v. Securities and Exchange Commission, 463 U.S. 646 (1983), which held that "that a tippee is exposed to liability for trading on inside information only if the tippee participates in a breach of the tipper's fiduciary duty."

## Background

A jury convicted Bassam Yacoub Salman of securities fraud and U.S. District Judge Edward M. Chen then denied Salman's motion for a new trial. On July 6, 2015, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the conviction, in which Judge Jed S. Rakoff was joined by Judges Morgan Christen and Paul J. Watford.
On October 5, 2016, oral arguments were heard, where Deputy Solicitor General Michael Dreeben appeared for the government.

## Opinion of the Court

On December 6, 2016, the Supreme Court delivered judgment in favor of the government, voting unanimously to affirm the lower court. Justice Samuel Alito authored the opinion of the Court.
# Anto Jakovljević

Anto Jakovljević (born 25 September 1962 in Banja Luka) is a Bosnian-Herzegovinian retired association footballer.

## Club career

Jakovljević played for Borac Banja Luka and FK Sarajevo in the Yugoslav First League. Later he played for some lower-league clubs in Slovenia and Croatia.
His first name has also been spelled Anton and Ante.