# Phyllis Baker Hammond

Phyllis Baker Hammond (April 13, 1930 - October 23, 2024) was an internationally acclaimed American sculptor, artist, designer, and educator whose multifaceted artistic career spanned over seven decades, characterized by innovation across multiple mediums and a profound commitment to artistic expression.

## Early life and education

Born Mary Phyllis Baker in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Hammond demonstrated an extraordinary passion for art from a very young age. At eight years old, she independently embarked on a one-hour train journey from Melrose, Massachusetts, to the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston to sketch Greek and Roman sculptures. This early act of determination would become a hallmark of her artistic career. She earned her BS in Education with a fifth-year graduate certificate from Tufts University and studied at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. In 1960, she was awarded a Traveling Scholarship by the trustees of the Boston Museum, enabling her to further her studies internationally.

## Artistic training and international recognition

Hammond broke new ground as the first American woman to study at Kyoto City College of Fine Arts in Japan. Her exposure to Japanese culture and pottery techniques began during her time in Okinawa during the Korean War with her first husband, sparking a lifelong influence on her artistic approach. She received the Clarissa Bartlett Traveling Scholarship, allowing her to deepen her studies in Japan rather than Europe, which was then considered the center of the modern art world. Hammond also studied at Haystack Mountain School from 1960-1962, further developing her artistic techniques.

## Artistic career and mediums

Hammond's early work focused on ceramics and clay sculpture, gaining significant recognition from critics and institutions. The New York Times described her clay works as "startlingly alive," noting their ability to "express serenity while seeming to exist in the tumult of creation." She worked and studied at Greenwich House Pottery in New York City and also served as a designer of dinnerware at Corning. In Ceramics Monthly she spoke about her interest and intention "to create the illusion of a living presence, beckoning the viewer to become involved in the work.” Her stoneware was also featured in prestigious venues including Neiman Marcus, Macy's Herald Square, Saks Fifth Avenue, and three Japanese department stores.
As her career progressed, Hammond embraced new technologies and materials. In her later years, she transitioned to creating sculptures in aluminum, developing an innovative process that began with spontaneous doodles, which were then digitized, cut by waterjet machines, and refined through hammering and powder-coating. This transition exemplified her lifelong commitment to artistic experimentation and growth.

## Public art commissions

Hammond received numerous significant public art commissions throughout her career. She designed the William Shakespeare Award for Classical Theatre ("The Will Award"), a 14-inch cast bronze piece honoring Shakespeare and his work. According to the New York Times (March 15, 1988), this award was presented to recipients including Morgan Freeman, Dame Maggie Smith, and Sir Anthony Hopkins. Other major commissions included works for the Connecticut Commission for the Arts, American Savings Bank corporate headquarters in White Plains, NY, Guest Quarters Hotel in Bethesda, MD, and Connecticut State University. Hammond’ sculpture Maze I (2011) was commissioned for and displayed in played at the Pratt Institute Sculpture Park. Her monumental installation "Beyond the Edge," featuring five large-scale works, was displayed in Dag Hammarskjold Plaza near the United Nations in 2017.

## Personal life

Hammond's life was marked by remarkable perseverance. At 24, divorced and raising a young daughter on Cape Cod, she faced significant adversity when Hurricane Carol devastated her community, killing eight of her neighbors and destroying her home. Rather than being defeated, she embodied her characteristic phrase, "Well, I would not let that stop me!" She returned to the Museum School, creating a portfolio that would launch her professional artistic career.

## Professional associations and community involvement

Hammond was deeply engaged in the artistic community, serving as President of the Artist Alliance of East Hampton and as a Director of Artist Studio Visits for the Friends of Guild Hall. She was an active member of the East Hampton Arts and Culture Council, International Sculpture Center, and Clay Art Center. She became a long-standing member of the Ladies Village Improvement Society of East Hampton and was a founding member of LongHouse Reserve, demonstrating her commitment to fostering artistic communities.

## Exhibition history and recognition

Hammond's work was showcased in over 30 group exhibitions and numerous solo shows throughout her career. Her solo exhibitions included shows at prestigious venues such as Pindar Gallery and 112 Greene Street Gallery in SoHo, Howard Wise on West 57th Street, Hudson River Gallery, Osilas Gallery in Bronxville, Westlake Gallery in White Plains and the Noyes Museum, which featured a retrospective of her work. Her international exhibitions included shows in Japan and Switzerland. In 2023, a retrospective titled "Take Flight" was held at J. Mackey Gallery in East Hampton, celebrating her diverse artistic contributions.

## Awards and achievements

Throughout her career, Hammond received numerous accolades, including a National Endowment for the Arts Grant (1981), Ragdale Artists Community Fellowship (1990), and the Women in Design International Compendium Certificate of Outstanding Achievement (1986). She was a finalist for the Sculpture Garden at the University of Florida at Pensacola (1991) and received multiple sculpture and art awards from various institutions. In 2009, she was awarded the prestigious Museum of Greenery, Flowers and Sculpture Prize in Japan's Ube Tokiwa Museum's International Biennale sculpture competition for her 10-foot piece "Redefining Space."

## Later life and legacy

In 1998, Hammond relocated from Scarborough, NY to East Hampton, NY, where she created a custom-built studio and sculpture garden designed by Charles Forberg, the architect of LongHouse Reserve. Her three-acre property with views of Accabonac Harbor provided inspiration for her later works, which were characterized by colorful, fluid forms inspired by the natural environment. Hammond was also an early advocate for art therapy, teaching young women at Bellevue Hospital how to create forms in clay, believing that artistic skills had the ability to comfort and heal people.
Hammond described her artistic philosophy eloquently: "I learned the value of embracing the unexpected, to hope for the unimagined, and to be experimentally playful - to respect work that happens not because it is planned, but in spite of your plans."

## Death

Hammond died on October 23, 2024, in Los Angeles, California at the age of 94, surrounded by loved ones. The family held private services at the Getty Center in Los Angeles and on Cape Cod, with burial at Oak Grove Cemetery in Falmouth, Massachusetts.