OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Limbourg

Limbourg (French pronunciation: ; German and Dutch: Limburg; Walloon: Limbôr) or Limbourg-sur-Vesdre is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium.
On 1 January 2008, Limbourg had a total population of 5,680. The total area is 24.63 km$^2$ which gives a population density of 231 inhabitants per km$^2$.
The municipality consists of the following districts: Bilstain, Goé, and Limbourg.
The lower part of the town, along the Vesdre, is called Dolhain.

## Etymology and history

   Duchy of Lower Lorraine 1000–1065 Duchy of Limburg 1065–1795  Burgundian Netherlands 1430–1482  Habsburg Netherlands 1482–1556  Spanish Netherlands 1556–1714  Austrian Netherlands 1714–1794 French Republic 1795–1804 French Empire 1804–1815 Kingdom of the Netherlands 1815–1830  Kingdom of Belgium 1830–present
The second part of the name Limbourg is from burg meaning a fortified town, which is common in many parts of Europe where Germanic languages are spoken or have been spoken historically (see Germanic placename etymology). Concerning the first part of the name, there are various theories. One is lint meaning "dragon". Another is that it refers back to the Roman-era limes, situated at boundaries of the Empire. It may also have been related to the material lim or lime. Jean-Louis Kupper has proposed that the fort was named by its founder Frederick after Limburg Abbey in Germany, which in his lifetime had important connection to his imperial patrons and the Abbey of Stavelot, for which he was advowee.
Limbourg is located on top of a hill which in its turn is surrounded by the river Vesdre. This was a strong military advantage in the Middle Ages and allowed the city to defend itself against foreign invaders. In the Middle Ages, the ruling family came to have the rank of duke and so the town was the seat of the Duchy of Limburg, which was a part of the Lower Lorraine region of the Holy Roman Empire.
The town featured in the War of the Spanish Succession, falling in 1703 to British and Dutch Republican forces led by the Duke of Marlborough.
The song 'The Fat Lady of Limbourg' on Brian Eno's 1974 album 'Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy)' describes an asylum in the town which has more patients than there are residents of the town.
* Limbourg, the Vesdre
* The chapel of Saint Anne
* Limbourg about 1600

## In popular culture

* The Fat Lady of Limbourg, song by English musician Brian Eno.
# Nelson Caeser Crews

Nelson Caeser Crews (1866–1923) was an American public official, newspaper publisher, and community leader in Kansas City, Missouri. Kansas City newspaper The Rising Son lauded him along with other leading figures.
Crews' brother James was the first African American mail carrier in Kansas City.
A park square and tennis courts are named for him.
# L. B. Mallory

Llewellyn Bell Mallory (1871–1933) was an American politician who was the 28th chief clerk of the California Assembly from 1911 to 1917.

## Biography

He was born in Nebraska on October 23, 1871 and educated at Napa Valley College and Stanford University, A.B. 1897. His full-time profession was as a broker in the Bay Area. His business was located in Los Gatos, California. Mallory served as an assistant clerk in the California Assembly in 1909. He was elected for 3 terms as chief clerk, serving from 1911 to 1917. In California, the chief clerk is a nonpartisan officer of the legislature, responsible for advising the presiding officer on parliamentary rulings, guiding legislators on legislative procedures, and overseeing the records and votes of the house.
Mallory was associated with the Progressive Party. He was elected chief clerk during the Progressive wave of the 1910 election, which swept Progressive standard bearer Hiram Johnson and others into power. After his swearing-in as chief clerk in January 1911, Mallory's first act was to appoint Thomas G. Walker, who had served a few days as chief clerk during the 1910 extraordinary session, as first assistant chief clerk. In 1915, Mallory hired 21-year-old law school student Arthur Ohnimus as a committee clerk, who would quickly rise up through the ranks of assistant clerks and would himself go on to serve as chief clerk for 37 years. Mallory died in March 1933 at age 62.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Biographical information from "California Blue Book, 1913," Office of State Printing, Sacramento. Note: The California Legislature was a part-time institution prior to 1967, so during L.B. Mallory's era, Chief Clerks maintained full-time outside employment during their clerkships, hence Mallory's employment as a broker in Los Gatos.
* ↑ California's Legislature, 2006 Edition, E. Dotson Wilson, California Assembly, p.148.
* ↑ Prior to the 1940s, Chief Clerks and their staffs were generally majority party loyalists. The clerk's office is now nonpartisan. See H.R. 28 (Nunez), 2007-08 Regular Session, California Assembly. Adopted on April 1, 2008.
* ↑ Assembly Journal, 1911 Regular Session, January 2, 1911.
* ↑ See H.R. 28 (Nunez), 2007-08 Regular Session, California Assembly. Adopted on April 1, 2008.
* ↑ Assembly Journal, 1933 Session, March 28, 1933.

## Sources

* Journals of the Assembly, California Legislature, 1911, 1913, 1915, 1917, 1933. View Assembly Journal archives online at http://www.assembly.ca.gov/clerk Archived 2010-11-21 at the Wayback Machine
* California Blue Book, 1913. Office of State Printing: Sacramento, 1913–1915.
# MagicWB

MagicWB is a third-party Workbench enhancer for AmigaOS. It was developed in 1992-1997 by Martin Huttenloher.

## History

The idea to enhance Workbench arose when the author got bored with the gray and abstract icons provided by Commodore. The original Amiga icons could use only four colours and even those were scarcely used. The background patterns supplied with the operating system for Workbench were also minimal. Desire to develop a complete package to enhance Workbench look with a complete set of icons, background patterns, and new fonts was born.

## Features

The original Amiga icon sets supported only four colours. MagicWB extended the palette of icons to 8 colours allowing more colourful icons. The MagicWB grew so popular that it became de facto standard for many major third party packages developed for Amiga. One of those is MUI which used extensively MagicWB palette in its GUI widget library.
| | MagicWB palette | MagicWB palette | MagicWB palette | MagicWB palette | MagicWB palette | MagicWB palette | MagicWB palette | MagicWB palette |
| Colour | | | | | | | | |
| Red | 149 | 000 | 255 | 59 | 123 | 175 | 170 | 255 |
| Green | 149 | 000 | 255 | 103 | 123 | 175 | 144 | 169 |
| Blue | 149 | 000 | 255 | 162 | 123 | 175 | 124 | 151 |
The design style in MagicWB was XEN. The package includes 9 replacement fonts (Topaz, XEN and Courier) and new background patterns for the Workbench desktop.

## Other Workbench enhancers

The MagicWB package grew popular but many users found limiting icon sets to 8 fixed colours too limiting. Competing Workbench enhancer, NewIcons, was developed to allow more colourful icons. This eventually led to GlowIcons and finally to true colour PNG icons.
# Mark Padmore

Mark Padmore CBE (born 8 March 1961) is a British tenor appearing in concerts, recitals, and opera.

## Early life

He was born in London on 8 March 1961, and raised in Canterbury, Kent, England. Padmore studied clarinet and piano prior to his gaining a choral scholarship to King's College, Cambridge. He graduated in 1982 with an honours degree in music.

## Career

Padmore has appeared in Bach's St Matthew and St John Passions with the Berlin Philharmonic and Sir Simon Rattle, staged by Peter Sellars, including Berlin, Salzburg, New York and the BBC Proms.
In the opera house, Padmore has worked with directors Peter Brook, Katie Mitchell, Mark Morris and Deborah Warner. He performed leading roles such as in Harrison Birtwistle's The Corridor and The Cure at the Aldeburgh Festival and in London. He appeared in Handel's Jephtha for Welsh National Opera and English National Opera, and as Captain Vere in Britten's Billy Budd. He performed as the Evangelist in a scenic version of the St Matthew Passion for the Glyndebourne Festival Opera. He also played Peter Quint in an acclaimed BBC TV production of Britten's The Turn of the Screw and recorded the title role of Mozart's La Clemenza di Tito with conductor René Jacobs for Harmonia Mundi. Padmore appeared as Third Angel/John in George Benjamin's Written on Skin with the Royal Opera House in 2017.
In concert, he has performed with the world's leading orchestras including the Munich Radio, Berlin, Vienna, New York and London Philharmonic Orchestras, the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, Boston and London Symphony Orchestras and the Philharmonia.
Padmore has given recitals worldwide. He appears frequently at Wigmore Hall, London where he first sang all three Schubert song cycles in May 2008, and was their artist in residence in the 2009/10 season.

## Recordings

His discography includes Beethoven's Missa solemnis with Bernard Haitink and Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra and lieder by Beethoven, Haydn and Mozart with Kristian Bezuidenhout for Harmonia Mundi with whom Padmore has also recorded Handel arias a collection As Steals the Morn with the English Concert (BBC Music Magazine Vocal Award); Schubert cycles with Paul Lewis (Winterreise won the 2010 Gramophone Vocal Solo Award); Schumann's Dichterliebe with Bezuidenhout (2011 Edison Klassiek Award) and Britten's Serenade and Nocturne, and Finzi's Dies Natalis with the Britten Sinfonia (ECHO/Klassik 2013 award); The staged St Matthew Passion with the Berlin Philharmonic and Rattle was awarded the BBC Music Magazine 2013 DVD Award.

## Honors

Padmore was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2019 Birthday Honours for services to music.

## Personal life

Padmore married the actress Josette Simon (OBE); the couple had one daughter together (b. c. 2000–2001) before they divorced; in a 2020 interview, Simon refers to Padmore as a "life-long friend".
# Tylopilus rubrobrunneus

Tylopilus rubrobrunneus, commonly known as the reddish brown bitter bolete, is a bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae. It was first described scientifically in 1967 by Samuel J. Mazzer and Alexander H. Smith from collections made in Michigan. The bolete was reported from a Mexican beech (Fagus mexicana) forest in Hidalgo, Mexico in 2010.
The cap is 5–13 centimetres (2–5 in) wide. The stem is 7–13 cm tall and 1.5–3 cm thick. The flesh is white and can bruise yellowish, with a very bitter taste. The spore print is pinkish brown.
It can be found under beech and oak trees in eastern North America from July to September.
The species is inedible.
# St. Adalbert's Church (Staten Island)

The Church St. Adalbert is a parish church under the authority of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, located in Staten Island, New York City. The parish was established in 1901.

## History

Prior to the founding of a national parish on Staten Island, most members of the Polish Catholic community continued to attend the Church of St. Stanislaus Bishop and Martyr Church (New York City) in the East Village, Manhattan in Manhattan. Efforts to organize for the purpose of establishing a Polish parish on Staten Island were initially hampered by a failure to agree on where to situate a church to serve the widely scattered community. The matter was effectively resolved when John Mojecki donated land in Port Richmond. Committee members the consulted Rev. John H. Strzelecki, the pastor of St. Stanislaus.
Parishioners chose the name of the parish, and the Polish Roman Catholic Church of St. Adalbert, B. M. was incorporated in June 1901. Rev. Michael Slupek was appointed the first pastor and celebrated Mass for in St. Mary's parish hall. The new congregation soon raised funds to construct a small wooden building, which was completed in 1903. On November 13, 1921, a joint church and school building on Morningstar Road was dedicated.
In 1908, a mission church which later became the parish of St. Anthony of Padua was established in Linoleumville. The parish of St. Stanislaus Kostka also developed from St. Adalbert's.
In 1965, due to the condition of the building, Mass was held in the school auditorium, until such time as a new building could be raised. The new St. Adalbert's Church was dedicated in 1968.
St. Adalbert's parochial school opened in 1905 in the basement of the church. The Felician Sisters staffed the school until 1997. In 1960 the school moved to a larger building. The school taught Polish until it was phased out in the 1960s. The parish school can count one priest and eight nuns as alumni. In 1999, St. Adalbert's was named CYO Parish of the Year on Staten Island. In 2001, the ethnic heritage of the parish was about 40 percent Polish, 40 percent Italian and 20 percent others, including Filipino.

### Pastors

* Rev. Michael Slupek, 1901 - November 1902
* Rev. Joseph Brzoziewski, 1902 - 1965
* Monsignor John S. Felczak, 1965 - 1974
* Fr. Alexander Horembala, 1974 - 1992
* Fr. John Hynes, 1992 - 1998
* Fr. Eugene Carrella, 1998 - 2014
* Fr. James Garisto, administrator, 2014

### Merger

In 2015, the parish of St. Adalbert merged with that of St Roch, to form the new parish of St. Adalbert - St. Roch.
# Rayan Rupert

Rayan Rupert (/ˈraɪ.ən ruːˈpɛər/ RYE-ən roo-PAIR; born 31 May 2004) is a French professional basketball player for the Portland Trail Blazers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He previously played for the New Zealand Breakers.

## Early life

Rupert is a graduate of the INSEP Academy in France. He is of Martiniquais and Moroccan descent.

## Professional career

Between 2019 and 2021, Rupert played for Centre Fédéral in the French NM1. He continued in the NM1 in the 2021–22 season with Pôle France.
On 10 June 2022, Rupert signed with the New Zealand Breakers for the 2022–23 NBL season as part of the league's Next Stars program. The Breakers had previously seen fellow Frenchmen Hugo Besson and Ousmane Dieng selected in the 2022 NBA draft.

### Portland Trail Blazers / Rip City Remix (2023–present)

Rupert was selected by the Portland Trail Blazers in the second round of the 2023 NBA draft with the 43rd overall pick and on 4 July 2023, he signed with the Blazers. He made his blazers debut but didn't put up any points. In a game against the Thunder, Rupert put up 14 points. In a game against the Jazz, he put up 7 points. And in a game against the Hornets, he put up 2 points. Throughout his rookie and sophomore seasons, he has been assigned several times to the Rip City Remix.

## Career statistics
### NBA

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2023–24 | Portland | 39 | 12 | 16.2 | .335 | .359 | .760 | 2.4 | 1.6 | .3 | .1 | 4.0 |
| Career | Career | 39 | 12 | 16.2 | .335 | .359 | .760 | 2.4 | 1.6 | .3 | .1 | 4.0 |

## Personal life

Rupert's father, Thierry, was a EuroLeague player and captain of the French national team while his sister, Iliana, was the 12th overall pick in the 2021 WNBA draft. His cousin, Kameron Jones, a cancer survivor, is a chemistry major at Boston University.
# Drissa Traoré

Drissa Traoré (born 25 March 1992) is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Championnat National 2 club Chantilly.

## Club career

After playing in France for Le Havre, Traoré signed for English club Notts County on 1 September 2014. He was released by the club at the end of the 2014–15 season.
Traoré signed a one-year contract on 13 July 2015 with Swindon Town. In April 2016, he was suspended by the club alongside teammates Jeremy Balmy and Brandon Ormonde-Ottewill. Swindon Town launched a full investigation into the trio, after they were seen on social media inhaling nitrous oxide gas.
In June 2016, Traoré joined Forest Green Rovers on a two-year contract, linking up with his former Swindon Town manager Mark Cooper at The New Lawn. He helped Forest Green gain promotion to the Football League for the first time in their history on 14 May 2017 in the National League play-off final at Wembley Stadium, starting in a 3–1 win over Tranmere Rovers.
Traoré left Forest Green Rovers in February 2018, joining Tranmere Rovers in March 2018. He missed a visit to see family in France in order to complete the signing. He was released by Tranmere at the end of the 2017–18 season.

## International career

Traoré has represented the Ivory Coast at under-20 youth level.

## Career statistics

    As of 11 April 2018
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Le Havre II | 2010–11 | CFA | 23 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 1 |
| Le Havre II | 2011–12 | CFA | 24 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 4 |
| Le Havre II | 2012–13 | CFA | 21 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 2 |
| Le Havre II | 2013–14 | CFA2 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Le Havre II | Total | Total | 85 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 85 | 7 |
| Le Havre | 2012–13 | Ligue 2 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Le Havre | 2013–14 | Ligue 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Le Havre | Total | Total | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Notts County | 2014–15 | League One | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Swindon Town | 2015–16 | League One | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 26 | 0 |
| Forest Green Rovers | 2016–17 | National League | 30 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 35 | 0 |
| Forest Green Rovers | 2017–18 | League Two | 20 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 26 | 0 |
| Forest Green Rovers | Total | Total | 50 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 61 | 0 |
| Tranmere Rovers | 2017–18 | National League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 171 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 189 | 7 |
* 1 2 3 Appearances in the Football League Trophy
* ↑ One appearance in the FA Trophy and three in the National League play-offs
# Tribunal d'instance

In France prior to 2020, the Tribunal d'instance (literally "Court of First Instance") was a judicial lower court of record of first instance for general civil suits and included a criminal division, the Police Court (tribunal de police), which heard cases of misdemeanors or summary offences (contraventions). Since it had original jurisdiction, the Court's rulings could be appealed to a French appellate court or Supreme Court. Prior to 1958, the court was known as a Justice of the Peace Court (justice de paix) until the judicial restructuring of 1958.
In the Court, proceedings were conducted based on oral testimony and arguments, and, unlike in higher courts, legal counsel is not mandatory.
Other judicial courts of original jurisdiction were:
* Magistrate courts (juge de proximité) - for small claims and petty misdemeanors (since 1 July 2017 these claims now fall under the jurisdiction of the tribunal d'instance)
* High courts (tribunal de grande instance) - handled complex suits and had a criminal section, the Criminal Court (tribunal correctionnel), that hears cases involving lesser felonies (délits).
* Commercial court (Tribunal de commerce)
* Employment Tribunal (Conseil des prud'hommes)
* Agricultural Land Tribunal (tribunal paritaire des baux ruraux)
* Social security tribunal (tribunal des affaires de sécurité sociale). These were eliminated in 2020.

## Degrees of jurisdiction

As a general rule, the French court system is divided into three degrees of jurisdiction:
* Original or general jurisdiction for the first hearing of cases;
* Appellate jurisdiction for appeals from lower courts;
* Courts of last resort for appeals from appellate courts on the interpretation of law.

## Duties

The Court has civil jurisdiction over personal property claims, monetary claims not exceeding 10,000 euros, and other civil actions for which the court has exclusive jurisdiction, those being:
* Private property leases
* Disputes relating to the elections of personnel delegates.
* the distance questions and height of the plantations.
* the movable credit to the consumption up to €21,500.
* Asset seizure
* Defamation suits
* Guardianship of minors and disabled persons
* Voter registration
Claims over 10,000 euros, unless in the above exclusive areas of law, fall under the civil jurisdiction of superior courts.
# Taylor Boathouse

Taylor Boathouse is a historic boathouse located at Lyme in Jefferson County, New York, constructed about 1905.
It is a two-story, two by four bay wood-frame building resting on a concrete base, which forms a walkway around three sides of the building. On the second story are spacious servants' quarters.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
# Cross of the Living

Cross of the Living (La Croix des vivants) (L'amore impossibilie) is a 1962 French-Italian film. It stars Pascale Petit, Karlheinz Böhm and Gabriele Ferzetti.

## Cast

* Karlheinz Böhm - Gus
* Pascale Petit - Maria
* Giani Esposito - Yan
* Christine Darvel - Nell
* Alain Cuny - Baron Von Eggerth
* Madeleine Robinson - Mme Van Dorneck
* Gabriele Ferzetti - Abbe
* Roger Dumas - Sylvain
* Marika Green - Gretel
# Gideon Tish

Gideon Tish is a former Israeli football player.

## Career

In the 1950, Tish was an Israeli football player who is most known for playing at Hapoel Tel Aviv, there he scored 55 goals which places him as one of the greatest scorers in the history of the club.

## Honours

* Israeli Premier League:
** Winner (3): 1956-57, 1965-66, 1968-69
* Israel State Cup:
** Winner (1): 1961
* Footballer of the Year in Israel: 1963
* AFC Asian Cup:
** Winner (1): 1964
# Axel von Harnack

Friedrich Hermann Julius Axel von Harnack (September 12, 1895 – June 17, 1974) was a German librarian, historian and philologist. He was the cousin of Arvid and Falk Harnack and worked to get Arvid and his wife, Mildred Harnack released from Nazi detention after they were arrested in connection with the Red Orchestra. He was the first in the family to be told of Arvid and Mildred's arrest, which had been kept secret by the Nazis. In 1947, he published a memoir of the trial that convicted Arvid and Mildred Harnack of high treason and sentenced them to death.