# List of rulers of the pre-Achaemenid kingdoms of Iran
## Elam, c. 2700 – 519 BCE

The Elamites settlement was in southwestern Iran, where is modern Khuzestan, Ilam, Fars, Bushehr, Lorestan, Bakhtiari and Kohgiluyeh provinces. Their language was neither Semitic nor Indo-European, and they were the geographic ancestors of the Achaemenid/Persian empire. For a full list of Elamite major and minor kings see:
* List of rulers of Elam

## Western Kingdoms, c. 2550 – c. 700 BCE
### Marhasi kingdom, c. 2550–c. 1900 BCE

Some scholars suggested that Marhasi were located in southeastern Iran.
* Migirenlil (c. 2550 BCE)
* Unnamed King (c. 2325 BCE)
* Abalgamash (c. 2316 – 2312 BCE), revolted against Rimush of Akkad
* Hubshumkibi (c. 2270 BCE contemporary with Naram-Sin king of Akkad)
* Unnamed King (c. 2080 BCE)
* Hashibatal (c. 2070 BCE contemporary with Shulgi king of Ur)
* Arvilukpi (c. 2050 BCE contemporary with Amar-Sin king of Ur)
* Pariashum (c. 2045 BCE contemporary with Amar-Sin king of Ur)
* Libanugshabash (2044–c. 2033 BCE)
* Mashhundahli (c. 2020 BCE contemporary with Ibbi-Sin king of Ur)

### Namar kingdom, c. 24th century–c. 750 BCE

* Tishari (c. 2350 BCE)
* Inbir (c. 2290 BCE)
* Sadarmat (c. 2270 BCE)
* Arisen (c. 2260 BCE)
* Unknown Queen (c. 1764 BCE)
* Karziyabku (c. 1200 BCE)
* Ritti-Marduk (c. 1110 BCE)
* Marduk-Mudammiq (until 844/2 BCE)
* Ianzu (844/2–835/4 BCE)

### Zakhara kingdom, c. 2350–c. 2250 BCE

* The unnamed prince of Zakhara (c. 2315 BCE)
* Ungapi (c. 2315 BCE). Regent of Zakhara
* The unnamed king of Zakhara (after 2254 BCE)

### Ganhar kingdom, c. 21st century BCE

* Kisari (c. 2071–c. 2050 BCE)
* Warad-Nannar (c. 2035 BCE)

### Ellipi kingdom, c. 810–c. 700 BCE
## Northwestern Kingdoms, c. 2400 – 521 BCE
### Lullubi kingdom, c. 2400–c. 650 BCE

* Immashkush (c. 2400 BCE)
* Anubanini (c. 2350 BCE) he ordered to make an inscription on the rock near Sar-e Pol-e Zahab
* Satuni (c. 2270 BCE contemporary with Naram-Sin king of Akkad and Khita king of Awan)
* Irib (c. 2037 BCE)
* Darianam (c. 2000 BCE)
* Ikki (precise dates unknown)
* Tar ... duni (precise dates unknown) son of Ikki. his inscription is found near the inscription of Anubanini
* Nur-Adad (c. 881 – 880 BCE)
* Zabini (c. 881 BCE)
* Hubaia (c. 830 BCE) vassal of Assyrians
* Dada (c. 715 BCE)
* Larkutla (c. 675 BCE)

### Gilzan kingdom, c. 900–c. 820 BCE

* Unknown king (c. 883–c. 880 BCE)
* Asau (c. mid-9th century BCE)
* Upu (c. 827 BCE)

### Ida kingdom, c. 860–c. 710 BCE

* Nikdiara (c. 856/5–c. 827 BCE)
* Sharsina (c. 821–c. 820 BCE)
* Parnua (c. 713 BCE)

### Allabria, c. 850–c. 710 BCE

* Ianziburiash (c. 842 BCE)
* Artasari (c. 829 BCE)
* Bēl-apla-iddina (until 716 BCE)
* Itti (c. 711 BCE)

### Gizilbunda kingdom, c. 850–c. 700 BCE

* Pirishati (until 820 BCE) (in Urash)
* Titamashka (c. 820 BCE) (in Sasiashu)
* Kiara (c. 820 BCE) (in Kar-Sibutu)
* Engur (c. 820 BCE) (in Sibaru)
* Zizi (c. 714 BCE) (in Appatar)
* Zala (c. 714 BCE) (in Kit-Patia)

### Araziash kingdom, c. 850 – 716 BCE

* Barua (precise dates unknown)
* Munsuarta (c. 820 BCE)
* Unknown king (c. 775–c. 772 BCE)
* Ramatea (c. 744 BCE)
* Satareshu (c. 713 BCE)

### Andia Kingdom, c. 850–c. 700 BCE

* Unnamed king of Andia (c. 827 BCE) contemporary with Daian-Ashur military leader of Assyrian empire in western Iran
* Telusina (c. 719 – 715 BCE) who revolted against king of Manna and was defeated by Sargon II king of Assyria

### Zikartu kingdom, c. 750 – 521 BCE

* The unnamed king of Zikartu (c. 744 BCE)
* Mettati (c. 719 – 714 BCE)
* Bagparna (from 714 BCE)
* Tritantaechmes (until July 15, 521 BCE)

### Median dynasty, 726–521 BCE

The Medes were an Iranian people. The Persians, a closely related and subject people, revolted against the Median empire during the 6th century BCE.
| Throne Name | Throne Name | Original Name | Born-Died | Entered office | Left office | Family Relations | Note |
| Median dynasty, 726–521 BCE ||||||||||
| 1 | Deioces | Dahyuka | ? – 674 BCE | 726 BCE | 674 BCE | son of Phraortes | Deposed by Assyrians |
| 2 | Phraortes | Fravartiš | ? – 652 BCE | 674 BCE | 652 BCE | son of Deioces | Killed in battle with Assyrians and Scythians. Domination of Scythian kingdom 652–625 BCE |
| 3 | Cyaxares | Huvaxšaθra | ? – 585 BCE | 625 BCE | 585 BCE | son of Phraortes | Allied with Nabopolassar of Babylon and destroyed Assyria |
| 4 | Astyages | Arštivaigah | ? – 585 BCE | 585 BCE | 550 BCE | son of Cyaxares | Deposed and later killed |
| 5 | Cyaxares II | Huvaxšaθra | ? – May 521 BCE | December 522 BCE | May 8, 521 BCE | descendant of Cyaxares | Killed by Darius I |

### Saparda kingdom, c. 720–c. 670 BCE

* Dusanni (r. c. 670 BCE)

### Scythian kingdom of Iškuza, c. 700–c. 530 BCE

* Išpakaia (unknown – c. 679 BCE)
* Partatua (c. 679 BCE – c. 658/9 BCE), possible son of Išpakaia
* Madea (c. 658/9 BCE – 625 BCE), son of Partatua

## Southern Kingdoms, c. 710–550 BCE
### Achaemenid Kings of Parsumash, c. 710–c. 635 BCE

* Achaemenes, founder of the dynasty.
* Teispes (I) son of Achaemenes c. 710–c. 685 BCE
* Cambyses (I) son of Teispes (I) c. 685–c. 660 BCE
* Cyrus (I) son of Cambyses (I) c. 660–c. 635 BCE

### Achaemenid Kings of Anshan, c. 635 – 550 BCE

* Teispes of Anshan, or Teispes (II) son of Achaemenes or Cyrus (I), king of Persia, king of Anshan, c. 635–c. 610 BCE
* Cyrus I of Anshan or Cyrus (II), son of Teispes (II), king of Anshan c. 610–c. 585 BCE
* Cambyses I of Anshan or Cambyses (II), his son, king of Anshan c. 585 – 559 BCE
* Cyrus II the Great or Cyrus (III), his son, king of Anshan 559–529. He conquered the Median Empire in 550 and established the Persian Empire.
* Line of Ariaramnes
* Ariaramnes of Persia, son of Teispes (II), king of Persia. His reign is doubtful.
* Arsames of Persia, son of Ariaramnes, king of Persia until 550, died after 520. His reign is doubtful.
* His son Hystaspes was Satrap of Parthia under Cambyses II, Smerdis and his son Darius.