# Bucheon

Bucheon (Korean: 부천; Korean pronunciation:) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Bucheon is located 25 kilometers (16 mi) away from Seoul, of which it is a satellite city. It is located between Incheon and Seoul.
Bucheon is the second most densely populated city in South Korea after Seoul, and as a result, administrative districts were abolished in July 2016 in favor of providing greater public service in community centers.
Major manufacturing operations are located in the northern areas of the city, while the areas in the south where Seoul Subway Line 7 and Seoul Subway Line 1 pass are dense commercial and residential areas.

## History

In 1914, the outer areas of Incheon (including Gwangyo-dong, old Incheon's city center) and Bupyeong County were joined under the name Bucheon. In 1931, Gyenam township (myeon, 계남면) was renamed Sosa township (myeon, 소사면). In 1936, the westernmost part of Bucheon, then part of old Incheon, was incorporated in Incheon and in 1940 some other part of old Incheon belonging to Bucheon Country was incorporated in Incheon again while part of old Bupyeong was annexed to Incheon at the same time. In 1941, Sosa township promoted to eup (town) status.
On January 1, 1963, when the great expansion of Seoul was implemented, several districts were combined to Yeongdeungpo District of Seoul as below.
| Old districts | New districts |
| Ojeong-myeon | Ogok-ri and Osoe-ri | Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul | Ogok-ri, Osoe-ri, Hang-ri, Onsu-ri, Gung-ri, Cheonwang-ri, Oryu-ri, Gaebong-ri and Gocheok-ri |
| Sosa-eup | Hang-ri, Onsu-ri, Gung-ri, Cheonwang-ri, Oryu-ri, Gaebong-ri and Gocheok-ri | Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul | Ogok-ri, Osoe-ri, Hang-ri, Onsu-ri, Gung-ri, Cheonwang-ri, Oryu-ri, Gaebong-ri and Gocheok-ri |
In 1988, two districts were established. Bucheon was divided into Nam-gu ("south", 남구) and Jung-gu ("central", 중구) along the Seoul-Incheon trainline. Present day Sosa-gu was formerly called Nam-gu.
In 1993, Bucheon's Jung-gu was separated into two further districts, forming Wonmi (원미구) and Ojeong (오정구) Districts.
The three districts were abolished in July 2016 as Bucheon decided to become a unified city without any administrative districts. However, on January 1, 2024, the Bucheon municipal government decided to return the three districts, along with the creation of 37 new administrative districts (or dongs).

## Arts and education

Bucheon promotes itself as the cultural centre of the Seoul Metropolitan Area. The Bucheon Philharmonic Orchestra is located there, an annual international film festival is held in July called the Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival or BiFan, and an annual international bboy competition called Bucheon Bboy International Championship (BBIC) held by Jinjo Crew since 2016.
Bucheon's institutions of higher education include: Bucheon College, Yuhan College, Catholic University of Korea Bucheon campus, and Seoul Theological University.
The city was designated "City of Literature" and has been part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network since 2017.

## Festival

* Bucheon Aiins World festival - The miniature theme park Aiins World is hosting the World Nightview Fantasy Lighting Festival. There are famous buildings like the Eiffel Tower in France. The festival runs from 6 p.m. to 11 p.m. all year long, and is closed on rainy days. The last admission is at 10 p.m.
* Bucheon B-Boy International Championship (BBIC) - An international B-Boy competition held by world-famous B-Boy group Jinjo Crew.
| Year | Winner | Runner up | Semi-finalists | Quarter-finalists |
| 2016 | Gamblerz | Body Carnival | Drifterz Knucklehead Zoo | Red Bull BC One All-Stars Predatorz Skechers All-Stars The Ruggeds |
| 2017 | Vagabonds | Red Bull BC One All-Stars | Flooriorz Gamblerz | Polskee Flavou Team China K-Rookiez Navi |
| 2018 | Team Europe | {Red Bull BC One All-Stars | Fusion MC Bboy World Asia | Hustle Kidz Flow Mo Body Carnival Monster Bboys |
| 2019 | Red Bull BC One All-Stars | Modern Skillz | Squadron Green Panda | Project China 11 High Low Good Vibration Foundnation |
| 2020 | Flooriorz | The Ruggeds | Red Bull BC One All-Stars Drifterz | Dream Runnerz Vinotinto Top 9 Super Cr3w |
| 2021 | Seoul Skillz | Fusion MC | Artistreet Last for One | TG Breakers Jeju Steez South Indianz Nexxo |
| 2022 | Alvin | Phil Wizardz | Vero Gravity | Kae Issin Amir Robb |

## Climate

Bucheon has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dwa), but can be considered a borderline humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa) using the −3 °C (27 °F) isotherm.
Climate data for Bucheon (2004–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) | 5.6 (42.1) | 11.2 (52.2) | 17.5 (63.5) | 23.6 (74.5) | 27.7 (81.9) | 29.1 (84.4) | 30.8 (87.4) | 26.6 (79.9) | 20.7 (69.3) | 12.5 (54.5) | 4.3 (39.7) | 17.7 (63.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.1 (30.0) | 1.4 (34.5) | 6.6 (43.9) | 12.5 (54.5) | 18.4 (65.1) | 22.9 (73.2) | 25.4 (77.7) | 26.9 (80.4) | 22.2 (72.0) | 15.9 (60.6) | 8.4 (47.1) | 0.6 (33.1) | 13.3 (55.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.6 (23.7) | −2.3 (27.9) | 2.6 (36.7) | 8.3 (46.9) | 13.9 (57.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 22.6 (72.7) | 23.8 (74.8) | 18.4 (65.1) | 11.4 (52.5) | 4.4 (39.9) | −2.9 (26.8) | 9.6 (49.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 11.6 (0.46) | 25.4 (1.00) | 34.9 (1.37) | 65.1 (2.56) | 87.8 (3.46) | 110.0 (4.33) | 391.5 (15.41) | 207.8 (8.18) | 147.4 (5.80) | 46.9 (1.85) | 58.4 (2.30) | 18.2 (0.72) | 1,205 (47.44) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.1 | 3.4 | 5.2 | 7.5 | 6.6 | 7.4 | 14.3 | 10.9 | 7.7 | 4.5 | 7.4 | 5.8 | 83.8 |
| Source: Korea Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

## Transportation

Bucheon has an extensive bus network of local and area buses that connect the city to Seoul, Incheon and other surrounding cities. Bucheon Bus Terminal has buses connecting to different cities and provinces throughout the country. The Seoul Subway System Line 1 and Line 7 runs through Bucheon. There are currently five stations in Seoul Subway Line Line 1 within Bucheon, including Bucheon station and Songnae station, and seven stations in the Line 7, including Kkachiul, Bucheon Stadium, Chunui, Sinjung-dong, Bucheon City Hall, and Sang-dong, which continues through Incheon ending at Bupyeong station.
Two more subway lines were recently added. The Sosa-Wonsi Line opened in 2018, connecting Bucheon's Sosa station of the Line 1 with Ansan's Choji station of Seoul Subway Line 4. The Daegok-Sosa Line opened in 2022, connecting with the Sosa-Wonsi Line as a single line. It will provide subway service in the northern area of Bucheon and connect the city to Gimpo International Airport station where transfers to Seoul Subway Line 5, Seoul Subway Line 9, AREX and Gimpo Goldline will be available. The line terminates at Daegok station in Goyang, which offers a transfer to Seoul Subway Line 3 and Gyeongui-Jungang Line.
In addition, the city is getting a completely new subway line in the future which will connect Bucheon's northern Wonjeong area to Hongik University station.

## Religion

There are a number of churches in Bucheon, including a Full Gospel Church near Lotte Department Store and the English-language "Bucheon Onnuri English Ministry" (BOEM) in Sang Dong. There is also a Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints located a short ways north of Bucheon station. Evangelism and mission is a key expression of Christianity in the Bucheon churches. There is also Seogwangsa Temple, beside Weonmisan Mountain.

## Notable people

* Choi Sang-hyun, illustrator and character designer
* Chu Ye-jin, actress
* Baekhyun, singer and actor, member of boy band Exo
* Kim Seol-hyun, singer and actress
* Lee Hi, singer-songwriter
* Kim Hee-jung, actress
* Ryu Soo-young, actor
* Moonbyul, singer-songwriter, rapper and dancer, member of girl group Mamamoo
* Yuna Kim, retired figure skater and Olympic gold medallist
* Sora Choi, fashion model
* Katie Kim, singer
* Bada, singer, composer, musical actress and television presenter
* Jinho, singer-songwriter, member of boy band Pentagon
* Song I-han, singer-songwriter
* Won Ji-an, actress

## Sports

Bucheon is home to the K League 2 football team Bucheon FC 1995 and the Women's Korean Basketball League women's basketball team Bucheon Hana Bank.