# Hellinikon Metropolitan Park

The Hellinikon Metropolitan Park (also called "the Ellinikon") is an urban development under construction in Hellinikon, Athens, Greece, on the site of the former Hellenikon International Airport.
It is to include a park as well as luxury homes, hotels, a casino, a marina, shops, and offices and will have Greece's tallest buildings reaching up to 200 meters in height. Construction had been scheduled to begin in 2008 and be completed by 2013, but the plans were shelved in the midst of the financial crisis. In July 2020, work began on the park and is due to be completed in 2025, while the Riviera Tower and Hard Rock Hotel Casino are due to be completed by 2026.

## Outline

The park is planned to encompass 263 hectares, while another 100+ hectares will be used for housing and office facilities. It is to be one of the largest urban park in Europe, surpassing London's Hyde Park (250 hectares). The Riviera Tower and Hard Rock Hotel and Casino will be the tallest buildings in the development reaching 200 metres in height, turning the tallest buildings in Southeastern Europe.

## History

In 2005, an international team led by architects David Serero, Elena Fernandez and landscape architect Philippe Coignet won the international competition to design a metropolitan park on the former site of the Hellenikon Airport, over more than 300 teams of architects.
The competition was sponsored by UIA (International Union of Architects), the Greek Ministry of Environment and the Organization for the Planning and Environmental Protection of Athens (ORSA). The project was further developed in 2006 and 2007 by this team through two development phases with the planning organizations of Athens.
Serero's team developed a strategy to landscape and urbanize the 530 hectares of the Hellenikon site by using natural running water patterns on the site as a concept to design the largest sustainable park in Europe. The water used by the park is effectively originating up to 80% of water collected naturally on the site. The project is structured by seven north–south green valleys that are called “Softscapes”. The “Softscapes” are irrigated corridors that channel and collect rainwater of the site and from the water catchment basin of the surrounding hills. These strips integrate a playful work on artificial topography that both guides the water and create terraces and slopes for the park activities and programs. There will also be some MTB downhill tracks, like the ones on Imittos mountain.
In 2013, a version of design for the park was submitted as part of The Hellinikon Project. The team included Foster & Partners, Charles Anderson Landscape Architecture, ARUP and a large group of Greece design consultants. The design was revised and resubmitted to the Greek government in 2018. In July 2020, work began on the project.
In 2021, global design firm Sasaki was appointed to redesign the park and submit the revised design for permitting and construction. Demolition of the existing site is currently underway as of April 2023 with construction of Phase 1 of the park estimated to be completed by early 2026.
As part of the redevelopment plans, a set of Olympic Airways airliners that had remained at the airport since its closure - a Boeing 747, Boeing 727, Boeing 737 and a BAC One-Eleven - were acquired by Lamda Development, with the intention to preserve them and place them on display at the park.

## Climate

According to the data provided by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service, Elliniko, like much of the southern suburbs of Athens, has an average annual temperature of 18.6 °C (65.5 °F) and receives 366.5 mm (14.43 in) of precipitation per year thus it marginally falls into the BSh hot semi-arid climate category with strong Mediterranean influences (Csa) according to the Köppen climate classification. The highest temperature recorded is 43.0 °C (109 °F) on August 3, 2021, while the lowest is −4.2 °C (24.4 °F) on 18 February 2008. Fog is rare, while thunderstorms occur sparsely throughout the year. Snowfall is not very common, though it occurs almost every year, but it rarely causes severe disruption to daily life, in contrast to the northern parts of Athens, such as Kifisia.
Climate data for Elliniko, 28 m asl (1991-2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 13.3 (55.9) | 14.1 (57.4) | 16.5 (61.7) | 20.3 (68.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 30.4 (86.7) | 33.2 (91.8) | 33.5 (92.3) | 29.0 (84.2) | 23.9 (75.0) | 18.8 (65.8) | 14.6 (58.3) | 22.7 (72.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.9 (44.4) | 7.1 (44.8) | 8.8 (47.8) | 11.8 (53.2) | 16.1 (61.0) | 20.7 (69.3) | 23.5 (74.3) | 23.8 (74.8) | 20.1 (68.2) | 16.2 (61.2) | 12.1 (53.8) | 8.8 (47.8) | 14.7 (58.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 48.0 (1.89) | 44.2 (1.74) | 43.0 (1.69) | 27.6 (1.09) | 17.0 (0.67) | 10.0 (0.39) | 9.1 (0.36) | 3.3 (0.13) | 19.4 (0.76) | 34.2 (1.35) | 66.6 (2.62) | 60.4 (2.38) | 382.8 (15.07) |
| Source: Info Climat (Averages 1991–2020), OGIMET ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Elliniko, coastal Athens (1955–2010), Extremes (1957–present), 28 m asl :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.4 (72.3) | 24.2 (75.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 30.9 (87.6) | 35.6 (96.1) | 40.0 (104.0) | 42.2 (108.0) | 43.0 (109.4) | 37.2 (99.0) | 35.2 (95.4) | 28.6 (83.5) | 22.9 (73.2) | 43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 13.6 (56.5) | 14.1 (57.4) | 15.9 (60.6) | 19.6 (67.3) | 24.4 (75.9) | 29.2 (84.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.2 (90.0) | 28.3 (82.9) | 23.4 (74.1) | 18.8 (65.8) | 15.1 (59.2) | 22.2 (72.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) | 10.6 (51.1) | 12.4 (54.3) | 16.1 (61.0) | 20.9 (69.6) | 25.6 (78.1) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.2 (82.8) | 24.3 (75.7) | 19.6 (67.3) | 15.4 (59.7) | 11.9 (53.4) | 18.6 (65.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) | 7.1 (44.8) | 8.5 (47.3) | 11.5 (52.7) | 15.8 (60.4) | 20.3 (68.5) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.1 (73.6) | 19.6 (67.3) | 15.7 (60.3) | 12.0 (53.6) | 8.8 (47.8) | 14.4 (57.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.9 (26.8) | −4.2 (24.4) | −2.0 (28.4) | 0.6 (33.1) | 8.0 (46.4) | 11.4 (52.5) | 15.5 (59.9) | 16.0 (60.8) | 10.4 (50.7) | 3.0 (37.4) | 1.4 (34.5) | −2.0 (28.4) | −4.2 (24.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 47.7 (1.88) | 38.5 (1.52) | 42.3 (1.67) | 25.5 (1.00) | 14.3 (0.56) | 5.4 (0.21) | 6.3 (0.25) | 6.2 (0.24) | 12.3 (0.48) | 45.9 (1.81) | 60.1 (2.37) | 62.0 (2.44) | 366.5 (14.43) |
| Average rainy days | 12.9 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 4.7 | 8.6 | 10.9 | 13.5 | 95.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 69.3 | 68.0 | 65.9 | 62.2 | 58.2 | 51.8 | 46.6 | 46.8 | 54.0 | 62.6 | 69.2 | 70.4 | 60.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 130.2 | 134.4 | 182.9 | 231.0 | 291.4 | 336.0 | 362.7 | 341.0 | 276.0 | 207.7 | 153.0 | 127.1 | 2,773.4 |
| Source 1: HNMS (1955–2010 normals) ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (Extremes 1961–1990), Info Climat (Extremes 1991–present) ||||||||||||||