# Sumenep Regency

Sumenep is a regency of the East Java province, Indonesia. It has an area of 2,093.47 square kilometres (808.29 sq mi) and an population of 1,143,002 (comprising 552,127 males and 590,875 females) as at mid 2024. The administrative capital is Kota Sumenep, has a name that reflects it is historical and cultural evolution. Formerly, the area was briefly known as Sungeneb in the 13th century, Purwareja in the 15th century, and Sumekar in the 16th century.
The regency occupies the eastern end of Madura island and also includes numerous smaller islands to the east (primarily Talango Island, the Sapudi Islands, and the Kangean Islands), to the north (the Masalembu Islands), and to the south (the Giligenteng Islands) of Madura. It is bordered by the Pamekasan Regency to the west, Madura Strait to the south, and the Java Sea to the north and east. The airport nearby is Trunojoyo Airport with flights to Surabaya.

## Geography

Sumenep Regency is located at the eastern end of Madura Island; it also includes 126 scattered islands located between 113 ° 32'54 "-116 ° 16'48" East Longitude and between 4 ° 55'-7 ° 24 'South latitude. The regency is bordered to the south by the Strait of Madura and the Bali Sea, to the north by the Java Sea, to the west by Pamekasan Regency (the only land border), and to the east by the Java Sea and the Flores Sea.

### Area

The total land area of Sumenep Regency is 2,093.47 km$^2$: this was formerly quoted as comprising 179.32 km$^2$ of settlements, 423.96 km$^2$ of forest, 14.68 km$^2$ of grass area or vacant land, 1,130.19 km$^2$ of farm/moor/bush/field, 59.07 km$^2$ of pool/aquaculture/brackish water/lakes/reservoirs/wetlands, and 63.41 km$^2$ of "other" areas. The marine area of Sumenep Regency, with its vast diversity of marine resources and potential for fishery, is about 9,319.65 km$^2$.

### Climate

Sumenep has a tropical savanna climate (Aw) with May to November and heavy rainfall from December to April.
Climate data for Sumenep :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.7 (87.3) | 30.9 (87.6) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.7 (89.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.4 (88.5) | 32.1 (89.8) | 32.7 (90.9) | 32.7 (90.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.6 (88.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.9 (80.4) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.3 (81.1) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.6 (79.9) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.0 (80.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.7 (72.9) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.9 (73.2) | 22.4 (72.3) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.8 (71.2) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.9 (73.2) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.5 (72.5) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 275 (10.8) | 246 (9.7) | 244 (9.6) | 168 (6.6) | 122 (4.8) | 74 (2.9) | 37 (1.5) | 8 (0.3) | 7 (0.3) | 37 (1.5) | 112 (4.4) | 237 (9.3) | 1,567 (61.7) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||

## Administrative districts

Sumenep Regency is divided into twenty-seven districts (kecamatan), listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with the official estimates as of mid-2024. The table also includes the location of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 328 rural desa and 4 urban kelurahan - the latter all in Kota Sumenep District), and their postcodes.
Sumenep Regency, besides including the eastern quarter of Madura Island, also includes many offshore islands - notably the Kangean Islands to the east of Madura, the smaller Sapudi Islands lying between Madura and the Kangean Islands, and Talango Island closer to Madura; it also includes the small Masalembu Islands to the north (between Madura and Kalimantan) and the Giligenteng Islands to the southeast of Madura. The mainland (i.e. the area on Madura Island itself) covers 1,156.07 km$^2$ (with 812,117 inhabitants in mid 2024) consisting of 18 districts, while the various islands are 937.40 km$^2$ in area (with 330,885 people in mid 2024), comprising 9 districts, with 128 islands, 46 inhabited.
| Kode Wilayah | Name of District (kecamatan) | Area in km$^2$ | Pop'n 2010 census | Pop'n 2020 census | Pop'n mid 2024 estimate | Admin centre | No. of villages | Post codes |
| 35.29.11 | Pragaan | 57.84 | 65,152 | 65,764 | 67,621 | Pragaan Laok | 14 | 69465 |
| 35.29.05 | Bluto | 51.25 | 45,142 | 47,025 | 49,765 | Bunbungan | 20 | 69466 |
| 35.29.06 | Saronggi | 67.71 | 34,282 | 36,880 | 39,007 | Tanah Merah | 14 | 69467 |
| 35.29.08 | Giligenteng (islands) | 30.32 | 26,524 | 24,411 | 24,006 | Aenganyar | 8 | 69482 |
| 35.29.04 | Talango (island) | 50.27 | 36,737 | 38,400 | 38,720 | Talango | 8 | 69481 |
| 35.29.02 | Kalianget | 30.19 | 39,253 | 41,713 | 42,697 | Kalianget Timur | 7 | 69471 |
| 35.29.01 | Kota Sumenep | 27.84 | 70,744 | 75,367 | 76,701 | Pamolokan | 16 $^{(a)}$ | 69412 - 69417 |
| 35.29.26 | Batuan | 27.10 | 12,097 | 13,412 | 13,852 | Batuan | 7 | 69451 |
| 35.29.07 | Lenteng | 71.41 | 56,777 | 61,073 | 62,606 | Ellak Laok | 20 | 69461 |
| 35.29.10 | Ganding | 53.97 | 35,671 | 36,571 | 37,326 | Ketawang Larangan | 14 | 69462 |
| 35.29.09 | Guluk Guluk | 59.57 | 50,803 | 50,384 | 50,498 | Guluk-Guluk | 12 | 69463 |
| 35.29.13 | Pasongsongan | 119.03 | 43,221 | 51,713 | 52,023 | Panaongan | 10 | 69457 |
| 35.29.12 | Ambunten | 50.54 | 37,702 | 40,048 | 40,832 | Ambunten Timur | 15 | 69455 |
| 35.29.15 | Rubaru | 84.46 | 36,453 | 39,224 | 40,681 | Rubaru | 11 | 69456 |
| 35.29.14 | Dasuk | 64.50 | 29,420 | 30,078 | 31,424 | Kerta Timur | 15 | 69454 |
| 35.29.03 | Manding | 68.88 | 27,922 | 29,716 | 30,611 | Manding Laok | 11 | 69452 |
| 35.29.17 | Batuputih | 112.31 | 42,482 | 43,551 | 45,000 | Batuputih Laok | 14 | 69453 |
| 35.29.19 | Gapura | 65.78 | 36,771 | 37,191 | 38,871 | Gapura Barat | 17 | 69472 |
| 35.29.16 | Batang Batang | 80.36 | 51,948 | 54,277 | 55,781 | Batang-Batang Daya | 16 | 69473 |
| 35.29.17 | Dungkek $^{(b)}$ | 63.36 | 36,115 | 35,518 | 36,821 | Dungkek | 15 | 69474 |
| | Sapudi Islands: | (167.41) | (82,024) | (85,284) | (78,029) | | (27) | |
| 35.29.21 | Nonggunong | 40.08 | 13,194 | 13,643 | 13,597 | Sokarame Paseser | 8 | 69484 |
| 35.29.20 | Gayam | 88.40 | 32,303 | 32,059 | 32,012 | Pancor | 10 | 69483 |
| 35.29.22 | Raas | 38.93 | 36,527 | 39,582 | 32,420 | Brakas | 9 | 69485 |
| | Kangean Islands: | (652.53) | (123,367) | (161,056) | (164,580) | | (37) | |
| 35.29.25 | Sapeken | 205.75 | 43,117 | 50,325 | 55,416 | Sapeken | 9 | 69493 |
| 35.29.24 | Arjasa | 241.97 | 59,702 | 85,048 | 83,986 | Kalikatak | 19 | 69491 |
| 35.29.27 | Kangayan | 204.81 | 20,548 | 25,683 | 25,178 | Kangayan | 9 | 69490 |
| | Masalembu Islands: | (40.85) | (21,705) | (25,809) | (25,550) | | (4) | |
| 35.29.23 | Masalembu | 40.85 | 21,705 | 25,809 | 25,550 | Suka Jeruk | 4 | 69492 |
Note: (a) comprising 4 kelurahan (Bangselok, Karangduak, Kepanjin and Pajagalan) and 12 desa. (b) includes the island of Gili Iyang (also known as Pulau Oksigen) east of Madura, with an area of 9.15 km$^2$ and an estimated mid-2023 population of about 8,600 people in 2 desa (Bancamara in the south and Banraas in the north).
The districts are subdivided (as at 2007) into:
* Villages: 328 rural desa and 4 urban kelurahan (all 4 kelurahan are in Kota Sumenep District)
* Pillars of Citizens (RW): 1,774
* Neighborhoods (RT): 5,569