OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Filling factor

Filling factor, $~F,~$ is a quantity measuring the efficiency of absorption of pump in the core of a double-clad fiber.

## Definition

The efficiency of absorption of pumping energy in the fiber is an important parameter of a double-clad fiber laser. In many cases this efficiency can be approximated with
    $1-\exp \left(-F{\frac {\pi r^{2}}{S}}\alpha L\right),$
where
    $~S~$ is the cross-sectional area of the cladding
    $~r~$ is the radius of the core (which is taken to be circular)
    $~\alpha ~$ is the absorption coefficient of pump light in the core
    $~L~$ is the length of the double-clad fiber, and
    $~F~$ is a dimensionless adjusting parameter, which is sometimes called the "filling factor"; $~0<F<1~$.
The filling factor may depend on the initial distribution of the pump light, the shape of the cladding, and the position of the core within it.

## Application

The large (close to unity) filling factor is important in double-clad amplifiers; it allows them to reduce the requirements for the brightness of the pump and to reduce the length of the fiber laser. Such a reduction is especially important for the power scaling of various nonlinear processes, and contributions of stimulated scattering to the degradation of signal. Use of the filling factor for the estimate of the efficiency of absorption of the pump in fiber lasers allows quick estimates without performing complicated numerical simulations.
# Chang-Gu World Trade Center

The Chang-Gu World Trade Center (Chinese: 長谷世貿聯合國大樓; pinyin: Chánggǔ Shìmào Liánhéguó Dàlóu), also known as Grand 50 Tower, is a 222 metres (728 ft) tall skyscraper in Sanmin District of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It was completed in 1992 and was designed by C.Y. Lee & Partners. It was the first building in Taiwan to reach a height of 50 floors, as is highlighted by its alternative name.

## History

After its completion in 1992, the Chang-Gu World Trade Center became the tallest building in Taiwan surpassing the 169.8 meters high Asia-Pacific Financial Plaza in Kaohsiung. However, it only kept this title for 6 months when the Shin Kong Life Tower in Taipei was completed on 21 December 1993. It kept the title as the tallest building in Kaohsiung for 5 years until the completion of the 85 Sky Tower in 1997. The building is currently the 188th tallest building in the world and 5th tallest in Taiwan.
The building follows a Chinese pagoda style and has an octagonal base to be stable against high winds which are typical in Taiwan as it is prone to typhoons. During the buildings test phase, it was tested to pressures equivalent of wind speeds in excess of 300 mph (480 km/h). It was also tested to withstand earthquakes which are commonplace in Taiwan.
The buildings crown follows the same perimeter as the rest of the building however it stands on an elaborate, thin base. The underside of the crown is lit up at night however the rest is not. The top floor was home to the Grand 50 Club which was managed by the Peninsula Group based in Hong Kong. The Grand 50 Club was known as a prestigious night-spot. As of 2024, the top floor is closed for renovation.
The building contains a car park with 280 spaces available. This located underneath the building, covering five underground floors. The atrium is 21 stories high and is clad in Spanish granite. At the top of the building is a helicopter pad.

## Transportation

The building is accessible within walking distance North East from Kaohsiung Station of the Kaohsiung MRT or Taiwan Railway Administration.
# Stanton in Peak

Stanton in Peak (also written as Stanton-in-Peak) is a village in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, It is about seven miles north-west of Matlock, on the north side of Stanton Moor, from Birchover. The name of the civil parish is Stanton with a population taken at the 2011 census of 365. There is a 19th-century parish church, and many stone houses, with mullion windows. There is also a stately home, Stanton Park, a combination of the English Classical style, and later Palladian alterations, which is a private house.

## History

The village, mentioned in the Domesday Book and of probable Saxon origin, is close to several prehistoric monuments, including Doll Tor and Nine Ladies Bronze Age stone circles and numerous Bronze Age burial cairns on Stanton Moor. They have no connection to Druids, who were an Iron Age culture. There is also the Earl Grey Tower, raised as a monument to the passing of the Reform Act 1832 and much evidence of ancient and modern sandstone quarrying. Nineteenth-century lead mines are evident lower down the village. There is also a school (Victorian) on School Lane.
The Thornhill family, which owns Stanton Hall, was responsible for the construction of the majority of buildings in the village, most of which date from the 17th and 18th centuries. William Pole Thornhill represented the constituency of North Derbyshire, Thornhill and his wife, Isabella, were considerable benefactors to the village, building the parish church, Holy Trinity, in 1833, the reading rooms and "The Stand", originally known as "The Belvedere", a viewing platform giving panoramic views over the Wye Valley. Many of the houses in the village carry the initials "WPT".

## Geography

The nearest village is Birchover, around a mile to the south.
As of 2001, the population was 200–210.
# John Neville Figgis

John Neville Figgis CR (2 October 1866 – 13 April 1919) was an English historian, political philosopher, and Anglican priest and monk of the Community of the Resurrection.

## Life

He was born in Brighton on 2 October 1866. Educated at Brighton College and St Catharine's College, Cambridge, he was a student of Lord Acton at Cambridge, and editor of much of Acton's work.
He is remembered in relation to the history of ideas and concepts of the pluralist state. The latter he in some ways adapted from Otto von Gierke; his ideas were picked up by others, such as G. D. H. Cole and Harold Laski. Some of the books which belonged to Figgis form part of the Mirfield Collection which is housed in the University of York Special Collections.
He was professed in the Community of the Resurrection at Mirfield in 1909. He died on 13 April 1919 in Virginia Water.

## Works

* The Divine Right of Kings (1896), second edition 1914
* Christianity and History (1905)
* Studies of Political Thought from Gerson to Grotius, 1414–1625 (1907) Birkbeck Lectures, 1900
* The Gospel and Human Needs (1909) Hulsean Lectures
* Religion and English Society (1911)
* Civilisation at the Cross Roads (1912)
* Antichrist and Other Sermons (1913)
* Churches in the Modern State (1913)
* The Fellowship of the Mystery (1914) Bishop Paddock Lectures
* The Will to Freedom: or, The Gospel of Nietzsche and the Gospel of Christ (1917)
* Some Defects of English Religion (1917)
* Hopes for English Religion (1919)
* The Political Aspects of S. Augustine's City of God (1921)
# Rybie, Lublin Voivodeship

Rybie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rejowiec, within Chełm County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Rejowiec, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Chełm, and 56 km (35 mi) east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak

Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak (died 744?) was a ruler of the Maya city of Naranjo who is mentioned on Naranjo stelae 18 and 46. He was the king after K'ak' Tiliw Chan Chaak, who was possibly his older brother or his father. On August 15, 725 CE, he participated in a poorly-understood ritual at Naranjo with the otherwise-unknown Yax Bajlaj Chan Chaak, according to Stela 46; this ritual may have been a type of recognition of the heirship to the throne.
He played a role in a successful military conquest of the Komkom people in 726 CE, when he was a young man or teenager, according to Stela 18.
Because of the scarcity of monuments from his administration, his rule is considered to take place during the "Second Hiatus Period" at Naranjo. During his time in office, Naranjo suffered a series of military losses at the hands of Tikal, possibly as fallout from Naranjo's support for Tikal's enemy Dos Pilas. Tikal burned ritual buildings, burned an effigy of Naranjo's god, and sacked the cave at which the people of Naranjo performed important rituals.
During these attacks, Yax Mayuy was apparently captured and taken to Tikal, where he is shown portrayed in ropes on Tikal Stela 5. He was possibly executed on February 4, 744 CE, the date of the stela's erection, or shortly after.
# Konak, Söke

Konak is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Söke, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population was 11,110 in 2019.
# Ruth Schweikert

Ruth Schweikert (15 July 1964 – 4 June 2023) was a Swiss writer.

## Publications
### Prose

* Erdnüsse. Totschlagen. Rotpunktverlag, Zürich 1994, ISBN 3-85869-095-3.
** Taschenbuchausgabe: dtv, München 1999, ISBN 3-423-12691-4.
** Schweizer Bibliothek: Band 5, Zürich 2005, ISBN 3-905753-05-7.
* Paris. Reflexionen. Ein Buchprojekt von Peter Schweizer (Photographien) und Ruth Schweikert (Text). Edition Schweizer, Pratteln 1996, ISBN 3-9520695-1-5.
* Augen zu. Roman. Ammann, Zürich 1998, ISBN 3-250-60024-5.
** Taschenbuchausgabe: Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2000, ISBN 3-596-14656-9.
* Ohio. Roman. Ammann, Zürich 2005, ISBN 3-250-60051-2.
* Hin und Her. Ein Dialog zwischen Peter Radelfinger und Ruth Schweikert. Verlag für moderne Kunst, Nürnberg 2006, ISBN 3-938821-99-X.
* Wie wir älter werden. Roman. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2015, ISBN 978-3-10-002263-9.
* Tage wie Hunde. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2019, ISBN 978-3-10-397386-0.

### Stage play

* Welcome home. Uraufführung am Theater am Neumarkt Zürich, 1998.

### Screenplay

* (zusammen mit Eric Bergkraut): Wir Eltern. Spielfilm. Schweiz 2019.

### Contributions to anthologies

* Ein Beitrag in: Take care. Swiss Institute, New York 1995
* Michele, geb. 1926; Almut geb. 1933. In: Grenzen sprengen. Texte von Schweizer Autorinnen und Autoren. Hg. v. Annemarie Bänziger. Wolfbach, Zürich 1997, S. 9–15.
* Ein Beitrag in: Domino. Ein Schweizer Literatur-Reigen. Hg. v. Simone Meier. Otto Müller, Salzburg 1998
* Fabrizio, geb. 1926; Almut geb. 1933. In: Die Schweiz erzählt. Junge Erzähler. Ausgewählt und mit einem Vorwort herausgegeben von Plinio Bachmann. Fischer Taschenbuch, Frankfurt am Main 1998, S. 175–180.
* Ein Beitrag in: Das Beste kommt noch. Theater Neumarkt Zürich 1993–1999. Eine Hinterlassenschaft. Kontrast, Zürich 1999, ISBN 3-9521287-4-0
* E la nave va. In: Swiss Made. Junge Literatur aus der deutschsprachigen Schweiz. Hg. v. Reto Sorg und Andreas Paschedag. Wagenbach, Berlin 2001, S. 100–105.
* Alejandros Katze. In: Natürlich die Schweizer! Neues von Paul Nizon, Ruth Schweikert, Peter Stamm u. a. Hg. v. Reto Sorg und Yeboaa Ofosu. Aufbau Taschenbuch, Berlin 2002, S. 73–79.
* Ein Beitrag in: Valser Texte. Anthologie der Hausautoren. Edition Therme, Vals 2005, ISBN 3-938767-09-X.
* Bei den Pappeln. In: Nachbilder. Eine Foto Text Anthologie. Hrsg. von der Plattform Kulturpublizistik der Zürcher Hochschule der Künste und dem Fotomuseum Winterthur. Spector Books, Leipzig 2021.

## Awards and honors

* 1994: Ingeborg-Bachmann-Preis: Bertelsmann-Stipendium für die Erzählung 50 Franken
* 1996: Stipendium des Suhrkamp Verlages Zürich
* 1998: Ehrengaben der Stadt und des Kantons Zürich für Augen zu
* 1999: Preis der Schweizerischen Schillerstiftung
* 2015: Stadtschreiber von Bergen-Enkheim
* 2016: Schweizer Literaturpreis
* 2016: Solothurner Literaturpreis
* 2016: Zürcher Kunstpreis
* 2019: Anerkennungsbeitrag des Kantons Zürich
* 2020: Schillerpreis der Zürcher Kantonalbank für Tage wie Hunde
# Tori Peeters

Victoria Moorby (née Peeters; born 17 May 1994) is a New Zealand athlete who is national record holder and a multiple national champion in the javelin throw.

## Early life and education

Peeters grew up from Gore and was educated at St Peter's College, Gore. She studied in Dunedin, and was then based in Cambridge, working at St Peter's School.

## Athletics career

Peeters broke the New Zealand national record for javelin throw for the time in March 2014, with a throw of 54.45m, breaking Kirsten Hellier’s previous record set in 1999.
At the Sydney Track Classic in February 2020, Peeters threw a personal best 62.04m which improved her own national record and placed her fifteenth for the year worldwide. Peeters was not selected for the 2020 New Zealand Olympic team, which was controversial for some.
In 2022, Peeters won the Oceanic Championship and competed for New Zealand at the 2022 World Athletics Championships where she placed 24th. She achieved sixth place in the final of the women’s javelin at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham. In May 2023, she threw a new national record of 63.26m at the Yokohama Grand Prix, Japan.
Competing at the 2023 World Athletics Championships in Budapest, she finished 7 cm away from qualifying for the final.
In April 2024, she was named in the preliminary New Zealand squad for the 2024 Olympic Games. The following month, she finished third at Golden Grand Prix in Tokyo with a throw of 61.26 metres. She competed in the javelin at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris in August 2024.
In December 2024, Peeters married Cam Moorby at a rural wedding venue near Karapiro; their marriage celebrant was Sarah Cowley Ross. She has subsequently competed under her married name, Tori Moorby.
# Green Party of Alberta

The Green Party of Alberta (GPA, French: Parti vert de l'Alberta) is a registered political party in Alberta, Canada, that is allied with the Green Party of Canada, and the other provincial Green parties. The party was registered by Elections Alberta on December 22, 2011 to replace the deregistered Alberta Greens; the party ran its first candidates for office in the 2012 provincial election under the name Evergreen Party of Alberta. The party changed its name to "Green Party of Alberta" on November 1, 2012.

## History

Following a dispute of the leadership of the Alberta Greens in 2008, George Read withdrew as leader and Joe Anglin remained as interim leader. On April 1, 2009, the executive of the party failed to file an annual financial statement with Elections Alberta, as required by law, and was deregistered on July 16, 2009. Some of its members joined the Alberta Party and Wildrose Party, while others formed the Vision 2012 Society.
The independent group, dedicated to green principles, formed the legal entity required by Elections Alberta to register a political party. An annual general meeting was held on June 25, 2011, in Red Deer to elect an executive, and to raise a petition asking Elections Alberta to register a new party. The petition was signed by 8,500 people, more than the required 7,000, and on December 22, 2011, the "Evergreen Party of Alberta" was registered. According to Elections Alberta rules, the party could not use a name used by another party until the name went unused for a general election.
After contesting the 2012 general election under the Evergreen banner, the party voted at its annual general meeting, on September 29, 2012, to change its name to "Green Party of Alberta". Elections Alberta approved the name change and it became effective 1 November 2012.

## Platform

The party bases its principles on the Charter of the Global Greens. Those principles are:
* Ecological wisdom
* Non-violence
* Participatory democracy
* Respect for diversity
* Social justice
* Sustainability

## Election results
### Electoral record

| Election | Banner | Leader | Candidates | Votes | % | Seats | +/- | Position | Government |
| See Alberta Greens 1993–2009 |||||||||||
| 2012 | Evergreen | Larry Ashmore | 25 / 87 | 5,082 | 0.39% | 0 / 87 | 0 | 6th | Extra-parliamentary |
| 2015 | Green | Janet Keeping | 28 / 87 | 7,321 | 0.49% | 0 / 87 | 0 | 6th | Extra-parliamentary |
| 2019 | Green | Cheryle Chagnon-Greyeyes | 32 / 87 | 7,687 | 0.41% | 0 / 87 | 0 | 7th | Extra-parliamentary |
| 2023 | Green | Jordan Wilkie | 41 / 87 | 13,457 | 0.8% | 0 / 87 | 0 | 3rd | Extra-parliamentary |

## Leaders

| Leader | Term of office | Term of office | Notes |
| Larry Ashmore | 2011 | 2012 | Interim |
| Janet Keeping | 2012 | 2017 | |
| Romy Tittel | November 4, 2017 | March 24, 2018 | |
| Coral Bliss Taylor | April 18, 2018 | September 2018 | Interim |
| Cheryle Chagnon-Greyeyes | September 22, 2018 | September 30, 2019 | |
| William Carnegie | October 1, 2019 | March 28, 2020 | Interim |
| Jordan Wilkie | March 28, 2020 | September 18, 2023 | |
# Daphne Campbell (actress)

Daphne Calder (née Campbell; 5 January 1924 – 15 October 2013) was an Australian politician, actress and controversial entrant in the 1947 Miss Australia charity quest.

## History

Campbell was born in Orange, New South Wales, the eldest child of orchardist Vic Campbell, and worked with a cosmetics firm in Orange before enlisting with AAMWS at age 18.
She was a corporal stationed in Cairns with AAMWS when "discovered" by director Harry Watt for the role of Mary Parsons in the all-Australian cast for the British Ealing Studios film The Overlanders. She had been persuaded to audition by a friend when in Sydney, and was chosen for her simple good looks and easy manner. She was also an expert horsewoman. While on the set, Campbell met Stephen "Sam" Calder DFC, who had been an RAAF Typhoon pilot during the war, and had recently been taken on as a commercial pilot by Connellan Airways. They married in August 1945 and had a home in Alice Springs. Sam would later have a career in politics as MHR for the Northern Territory 1966–1980.
In August 1947 Campbell was approached by an organising committee from the Alice Springs sub-branch of the Returned Servicemen's League to represent the Northern Territory in the Miss South Australia Quest, preparatory to the Miss Australia Quest. The purpose behind the Quest was fund-raising for the RSL and for the Kindergarten Union, and Campbell was enthusiastic about these causes. An interstate protest was made against her candidature was made on the grounds of her being a married woman, but denied on the grounds of her nomination having been accepted before the rule had been instituted. A fair number of special fund-raising activities were held in the Territory in support of her campaign, including a rodeo and an Australian Rules football match, and Campbell worked as hard as anyone but support was lacking from people who could best afford it, and a spoiling campaign developed on the grounds that she wasn't a "true Territorian", with the result that her funds raised barely exceeded £800 when expectations had been for considerably more. Campbell was adjudged Miss South Australia 1947. Her eligibility for inclusion in the Miss Australia judging, on the basis of her marital status, was also questioned.
Campbell never made another film or entered another charity quest.
In 1988, Campbell was elected as to Alice Springs Town Council. Her time as an alderman was brief, resigning in May 1989 just under a year after being elected.

## Personal

The Calders had two daughters, Erika (born September 1946) and Diana (born 5 January 1949).
# East Darfur

East Darfur State (Arabic: ولاية شرق دارفور Wilāyat Šarq Dārfūr; Sharq Darfur) is one of the states of Sudan, and one of five comprising the Darfur region. It was created in January 2012 as a result of the ongoing peace process for the wider Darfur region. The state capital is Ed Daein. The state was formed from land that was part of the state of South Darfur.

## Districts

* ad-Du'ain
* Abu Jabra
* Abu Karinka
* Adila
* Assalaya
* Bahr el Arab
* El Ferdous
* Yassin
* Schearia
# Dolphin Swimming League

Dolphin Swimming League is a swimming school located in Lagos state, Nigeria. It is certified by the Nigeria Aquatics Federation and their activities are endorsed by the Lagos State Sports Commission. The swimming league organize inter-school tournaments in lagos state grooming the young ones ahead of international games such as Olympics

## Partnerships

In 2023, The swimming league hosted a tournament for 11 private schools organised by Dynaspro Promotion Limited in partnership with Lagos State Swimming Association, Advanta Interactive Limited and Nigeria Aquatics Federation.
She partnered with the Lagos State Waterways Authority to engage 50 students across public schools in Bariga and Shomolu local government in water safety classes and swimming lessons in September, 2024.

## Tournaments

The season 5 of the first private school swimming league endorsed by the Nigeria Olympic Committee was held in 2023 with Grange School, Meadow Hall, St Saviour's Children International School, Lagos Preparatory and Secondary School, Lagoon/Whitesands, Greensprings Lagos, Riverbank and Italian Priory, as participating schools and club.
The final grande of the tournament was held at Children International School (CIS) in Lekki, Lagos. The partners for the league include Nigeria School Sports Federation (NSSF), Rite Foods and Nigeria Aquatic Federation.
# Alex T. Johnson

Alex Thomas Johnson was the first African-American chief of staff of the U.S. Helsinki Commission since its establishment in 1976.

## Education

Alex T. Johnson, originally from Portland, holds a BS in natural resources then an MPP in 2006 both from Oregon State University.

## Career

Alex T. Johnson focuses on Inclusive Foreign Policy and Transatlantic Security. He was appointed in 2019 by U.S. Representative Hastings and greeted upon his commitment and dedication to Human Rights:
   “I am pleased to welcome Alex Johnson back to the Helsinki Commission ... His broad range of experience—including several years at the U.S. Mission to the OSCE in Vienna—and deep understanding of issues related to fundamental freedoms and human security in North America, Europe, and Central Asia will keep the commission at the vanguard of regional policymaking.”
Johnson was the Policy Advisor of the OSCE from November 2007 to September 2015 in Vienna. Then he moved to Open Society Foundations in Washington, D.C. in the position of Senior Policy Advisor for Europe and Eurasia. He is also a former Obama Administration appointee at the Department of Defense, serving as Special Advisor for Russia/Ukraine External Affairs in the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Policy) from October 2015 to January 2017. He was among the founders of the Transatlantic Democracy Platform aimed at countering erosion of democratic institutions in Central Europe and related security implications for the NATO. Part of his mission was International Elections Observations in Azerbaijan in 2010, Albania in 2009 and 2013, the 2011 Constituent Assembly election in Tunisia, Turkey in 2015 and Ukraine in 2010 and 2015
He was a Congressional Black Caucus Foundation fellow in the office of U.S. Representative Alcee L. Hastings and a consultant for local government initiatives in Portland, Oregon.
In January 2021, Johnson returned to the Open Society Foundations taking a role in their Eurasia Program.

## Honors

For his accomplishments and work, he was nominated in 2019 an Aspen Ideas Festival fellow. During the celebrations of Juneteenth in 2020, Alex T. Johnson was among the Black National Security and Foreign Policy community celebrated in the Diversity in National Security Network's Black Voices campaign by Senior Brookings Fellow Amanda Sloat and Amb. Barbara A. Leaf. He is a Term Member at the Council on Foreign Relations.