# Isle of Dogs (film)

Isle of Dogs (犬ヶ島, Inu ga Shima) is a 2018 adult stop-motion animated science fiction comedy-drama film written, produced, and directed by Wes Anderson, narrated by Courtney B. Vance, and starring an ensemble cast that consists of Bryan Cranston, Koyu Rankin, Edward Norton, Liev Schreiber, Bill Murray, Bob Balaban, Jeff Goldblum, Scarlett Johansson, Kunichi Nomura, Tilda Swinton, Ken Watanabe, Akira Ito, Greta Gerwig, Akira Takayama, Frances McDormand, F. Murray Abraham, Yojiro Noda, Fisher Stevens, Mari Natsuki, Nijiro Murakami, Yoko Ono, Harvey Keitel, and Frank Wood. A American-German-British co-production, Isle of Dogs was produced by Studio Babelsberg and Indian Paintbrush in association with Anderson's own company American Empirical Pictures. This was Anderson's second stop-motion film, following Fantastic Mr. Fox. The film is set in the fictional Japanese city of Megasaki where Mayor Kenji Kobayashi has banished all dogs to Trash Island due to a canine influenza pandemic. Kobayashi's nephew Atari sets out to find his missing dog Spots with the help of a group of dogs led by stray dog Chief.
Anderson started developing the film in October 2015 using stop-motion animation, with a voice cast of Norton, Cranston, and Balaban. It draws inspiration from films by Akira Kurosawa and Hayao Miyazaki, as well as the stop-motion animated holiday specials made by Rankin/Bass Productions, the 1982 animated film The Plague Dogs, and Disney's 101 Dalmatians. Production began in October 2016 at the 3 Mills Studios in East London. By December 2016, Fox Searchlight Pictures acquired worldwide distribution rights to the film, scheduling it for a 2018 release. It is the second animated film to be released by Fox Searchlight, 17 years after the previous one, Waking Life, was released in 2001.
Isle of Dogs opened the 68th Berlin International Film Festival, where Anderson was awarded the Silver Bear for Best Director. It was given a limited release in the United States on March 23, 2018, by Fox Searchlight, and went on wide release on April 13. It grossed over $64 million worldwide, and received acclaim from critics, who praised its animation, story, musical score, and deadpan humor but criticism for its portrayal of Japanese people and culture. The film received two nominations at the 91st Academy Awards, for Best Animated Feature and Best Score.
In the film, none of the Japanese dialogue spoken by human characters is translated except through an interpreter or occasional subtitles.

## Plot

A thousand years ago, dogs were free to roam as they pleased. However, the cat-loving Kobayashi Dynasty declared war on dogs, seeking to eradicate them. A child warrior sympathetic towards the threatened dogs decapitated the head of the Kobayashi Clan, ending the war, and was immortalized as the Boy Samurai of Legend.
In 2038, an outbreak of canine flu spreads throughout the Japanese city of Megasaki. The city's authoritarian mayor, Kenji Kobayashi, ratifies an official decree banishing all dogs to Trash Island, despite the insistence of Professor Watanabe, the mayor's political opponent, that he is close to creating a cure. The first deported canine is a white and black-spotted male dog named Spots Kobayashi, who served as the bodyguard of 12-year-old orphan Atari Kobayashi, the mayor's distant nephew and ward.
Six months later, Atari hijacks a plane and flies it to Trash Island, now nicknamed "the Isle of Dogs", to search for Spots. After crash-landing, Atari is rescued by a dog pack ostensibly led by an all-black canine named Chief, a lifelong stray. With their help, Atari finds a locked cage that apparently contains Spots' skeleton, but learns that it is not him. They then fend off a rescue team sent by Mayor Kobayashi to retrieve Atari. Chief initially declines to continue helping the boy, but is convinced by Nutmeg, a female ex-show dog. The pack seeks advice from sage-like dogs Jupiter and Oracle, who surmise that Spots might be held captive by an isolated tribe of dogs rumored to be cannibals.
Meanwhile, Watanabe finally develops a successful serum and shows the results to Kobayashi, who merely dismisses him. By order of the mayor's hatchet man Major Domo, the professor is placed under house arrest and assassinated with poisoned sushi. Tracy Walker, an American exchange student and member of a pro-dog activist group, suspects a conspiracy and begins to investigate, in the process developing feelings for Atari. Kobayashi and his political party are revealed to be responsible for the dog flu outbreak and aim to succeed at exterminating dogs where Kobayashi's ancestors failed.
During their journey to the dog tribe, Chief and Atari are separated from the others. Atari gives Chief a bath, revealing his white and black-spotted coat and thus his striking resemblance to Spots. The two bond and rejoin the rest of the pack. They are saved by Spots and the dog tribe when another rescue team attacks. Spots confirms that he is Chief's older brother and that he was rescued by the tribe, who were test subjects from an abandoned secret lab. Spots became their leader and mated with a female tribe member named Peppermint, who is pregnant with their first litter. Because of these new responsibilities, Spots requests Atari replace him as his bodyguard with Chief; initially hesitant, both he and Atari accept. Word reaches the dog tribe that Kobayashi plans to euthanize all dogs with poison gas.
Tracy confronts Watanabe's colleague Yoko Ono, who confirms Tracy's conspiracy theories and gives her the last vial of serum. At his re-election ceremony, Kobayashi prepares to give the extermination order when Tracy interrupts, presenting evidence of his corruption. Kobayashi proceeds to deport Tracy, but before he can do so, Atari and the dogs arrive. They confirm that the serum works by testing it on Chief, curing him. Atari addresses the crowd and recites a haiku he wrote and dedicated to Kobayashi, rekindling the sympathy that once existed between dogs and humans.
Touched by Atari's words, Kobayashi officially repeals the dog banishment decree. Enraged, Major Domo tries to initiate the extermination himself, but his plans are thwarted by the dogs and the activist group. In the chaos, Atari and Spots are shot and taken to a hospital, where Kobayashi donates one of his kidneys to save his nephew. Atari becomes the new mayor of Megasaki after Kobayashi's crimes render him ineligible to hold office.
One month later, Atari has had all dogs reintegrated into society and cured of the dog flu, while Kobayashi and his co-conspirators are sent to jail. Atari and Tracy become a couple, while Chief and Nutmeg become their bodyguard dogs. Meanwhile, Spots, having survived his injuries, raises his litter with Peppermint under the care of a Shinto priest.

## Cast

* Bryan Cranston as Chief, a stray dog
* Koyu Rankin as Atari Kobayashi, a boy who is on a search for his dog Spots
* Edward Norton as Rex, a German Shepherd
* Bob Balaban as King, a German Wirehaired Pointer who is a dog food commercial star
* Jeff Goldblum as Duke, a Siberian husky
* Bill Murray as Boss, an Akita who is the mascot of the Megasaki Dragons high school baseball team
* Kunichi Nomura as Mayor Kenji Kobayashi, the mayor of Megasaki and uncle of Atari
* Akira Takayama as Major Domo, the minion of Mayor Kobayashi, and a fascist figure. In the climax of the film his role as a butler is revealed to be a facade; his true nature is that of an authoritarian figure with villainous goals, and not a loyal follower of the Kobayashi family tradition.
* Greta Gerwig as Tracy Walker, an American foreign exchange student from Cincinnati, Ohio.
* Frances McDormand as Interpreter Miranda Nelson, a news reporter working in Megasaki
* Akira Ito as Professor Ichigo Watanabe, the professor whose canine flu antidote was rejected by Mayor Kobayashi
* Scarlett Johansson as Nutmeg, a show dog and Tracy Walker's dog
* Liev Schreiber as Spots, an Oceanic speckle-eared-sport hound mix, the first dog to be transported to Trash Island
* F. Murray Abraham as Jupiter, a Newfoundland
* Tilda Swinton as Oracle, a pug
* Yoko Ono as Yoko Ono, Professor Watanabe's assistant scientist
* Harvey Keitel as Gondo
* Ken Watanabe as Head Surgeon
* Mari Natsuki as Auntie
* Fisher Stevens as Scrap
* Nijirō Murakami as Editor Hiroshi
* Courtney B. Vance as The Narrator
* Yojiro Noda as News Anchor
* Frank Wood as Simul-Translate Machine
* Roman Coppola as Igor
* Anjelica Huston as Mute Poodle
* Kara Hayward as Peppermint, a dog who Spots mates with
* Takayuki Yamada as Junior Scientist #1
* Kozue Akimoto as Junior Scientist #2
* Shota Matsuda as Junior Scientist #3
* Ryuhei Matsuda as:
** Junior Scientist #4
** Bartender
* Jake Ryan as Ernie, a junior interpreter
* Elaiza Ikeda as Punk Girl

## Production
### Development

In October 2015, Anderson, who had previously directed the animated film Fantastic Mr. Fox, announced he would be returning to the art form with "a film about dogs" starring Edward Norton, Bryan Cranston and Bob Balaban. Anderson has said that he was inspired by seeing a road sign for the Isle of Dogs in England while Fantastic Mr. Fox was in development. Anderson said that the film was strongly influenced by the films of Akira Kurosawa and Hayao Miyazaki, as well as the stop-motion animated holiday specials made by Rankin/Bass Productions, the 1982 animated film The Plague Dogs, and Disney's 101 Dalmatians.

### Filming

Production began in October 2016 at the 3 Mills Studios in East London.
About 20,000 faces and 1,105 animatable puppets were crafted by "12 sculptors working six days a week" for the film; 2,000 more puppets were made for background characters. The detailed puppets of the main characters typically took 2–3 months to create. There was very little CG used, it only being used to duplicate audience members, or using green screens for actions that couldn’t be filmed at the same time. For the effects, over 200 detailed, hand-made settings were made. The animation department included a number of people who had worked on Fantastic Mr. Fox.

### Virtual reality

Concurrently with the film, Félix and Paul Studios and FoxNext VR Studio collaborated on Isle of Dogs: Behind the Scenes (in Virtual Reality), an immersive video film that places the viewer directly inside the animated world. The virtual reality film was released on the Google Pixel platform.

### Music

The film's score was composed by Alexandre Desplat, who had previously worked with Wes Anderson on Fantastic Mr. Fox, Moonrise Kingdom, and The Grand Budapest Hotel. The soundtrack also features various original and selected songs from a variety of musicians, mainly from Japan. Some songs had origins in classic Japanese cinema such as the Akira Kurosawa films Drunken Angel (1948) and Seven Samurai (1954). The soundtrack comprises 22 tracks in total, 15 of which were composed by Desplat.

## Release

On December 23, 2016, Fox Searchlight Pictures acquired worldwide distribution rights to the film, with plans for a 2018 release.
The film premiered as the opening film of the 68th Berlin International Film Festival on February 15, 2018, and had its North American premiere as the closing film of the SXSW Film Festival in Austin, Texas, on March 17, 2018. Isle of Dogs began a limited release in the U.S. on March 23, 2018. It was released nationwide in the United States on April 13, 2018.

### Box office

Isle of Dogs has grossed $32 million in the United States and Canada, and $32.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $64.1 million.
In its first weekend of limited release, the film made $1.57 million from 27 theaters (an average of $58,148 per venue). It was the best per-theater average of 2018 until it was overtaken by Eighth Grade in July. Sixty percent of its audience was under the age of 30. In its second weekend, the film made $2.8 million from 165 theaters (an increase of 74%), finishing 11th. The film entered the top 10 in its third weekend, making $4.6 million from 554 theaters. The film expanded to 1,939 theaters the following week and made $5.4 million, finishing seventh at the box office.

### Home media

Isle of Dogs was released digitally on June 26, 2018, and on DVD and Blu-ray on July 17, 2018.
On streaming, Isle of Dogs was added on Disney+ in the US and Canada on January 15, 2021. It was added to the UK and Australian versions on 17 September 2021.

## Reception
### Critical response

On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 90% based on 368 reviews, and an average rating of 8/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "The beautifully stop-motion animated Isle of Dogs finds Wes Anderson at his detail-oriented best while telling one of the director's most winsomely charming stories." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 82 out of 100, based on 55 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it an overall positive score of 88%.
Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three and a half stars out of four, praising it for taking risks, and saying: "It's smart and different and sometimes deliberately odd and really funny—rarely in a laugh-out-loud way, more in a smile-and-nod-I-get-the-joke kind of way."

### Portrayal of Japanese culture

Some critics have argued that the film is an example of racial stereotyping and cultural appropriation. The Japanese characters speak unsubtitled Japanese, with their dialogue instead being translated by an interpreter or a machine. Justin Chang of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "It's in the director's handling of the story's human factor that his sensitivity falters, and the weakness for racial stereotyping that has sometimes marred his work comes to the fore ... Much of the Japanese dialogue has been pared down to simple statements that non-speakers can figure out based on context and facial expressions". Angie Han, writing in Mashable, cites the American exchange student character Tracy as a "classic example of the 'white savior' archetype—the well-meaning white hero who arrives in a foreign land and saves its people from themselves".
While this critique had created some furor on the film's release, Chang has said that his review had been taken out of context and turned into a "battle cry" on Twitter, adding, "I wasn't offended; nor was I looking to be offended". A Japanese-American perspective was provided by Emily Yoshida, writing in New York magazine, that these concerns had been "seen before in debates about Asian culture as reflected by Western culture—perspectives can vary wildly between Asian-Americans and immigrated Asians, and what feels like tribute to some feels like opportunism to others".
Writing for BuzzFeed, Alison Willmore found "no overt malicious intent to Isle of Dogs' cultural tourism, but it's marked by a hodgepodge of references that an American like Anderson might cough up if pressed to free associate about Japan—taiko drummers, anime, Hokusai, sumo, kabuki, haiku, cherry blossoms, and a mushroom cloud (!). ... This all has more to do with the ... insides of Anderson's brain than it does any actual place. It's Japan purely as an aesthetic—and another piece of art that treats the East not as a living, breathing half of the planet but as a mirror for the Western imagination". She continued, "in the wake of Isle of Dogs' opening weekend, there were multiple headlines wondering whether the film was an act of appropriation or homage. But the question is rhetorical—the two aren't mutually exclusive, and the former is not automatically off the table just because the creator's intent was the latter".
Conversely, Moeko Fujii wrote a favorable review for The New Yorker, complimenting the film's depiction of the Japanese and their culture, as well as pointing out that language is the key theme of the movie. Fujii wrote,
   Anderson's decision not to subtitle the Japanese speakers struck me as a carefully considered artistic choice. Isle of Dogs is profoundly interested in the humor and fallibility of translation ... This is the beating heart of the film: there is no such thing as "true" translation. Everything is interpreted. Translation is malleable and implicated, always, by systems of power ... [the film] shows the seams of translation, and demarcates a space that is accessible—and funny—only to Japanese viewers.
Fujii also deconstructed the criticisms of the character of Tracy Walker being a "white savior", and how this relates to the film's language theme, writing,
   At a climactic moment, the movie rejects the notion of universal legibility, placing the onus of interpretation solely upon the American audience ... This is a sly subversion, in which the Japanese evince an agency independent of foreign validation. Indeed, to say that the scene dehumanizes the Japanese is to assume the primacy of an English-speaking audience. Such logic replicates the very tyranny of language that Isle of Dogs attempts to erode.
Japanese composer Ryuichi Sakamoto said in an interview to GQ Magazine regarding the film: "I think it's a well-crafted movie. Its aesthetic is so perfect, I think. People could enjoy that. But as a Japanese, you know, to me, it's kind of the same thing again. Old Hollywood movies, they always used their mixed image of Japanese or Chinese or Korean or Vietnamese. It's a wrong stereotypical image of Asian people. So I cannot take it."

### Accolades

Isle of Dogs received two Academy Awards, BAFTAs, and Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Animated Feature and Original Score, making it the first PG-13 rated animation to be nominated for these awards.
| Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipient(s) | Result | Ref. |
| Academy Awards | February 24, 2019 | Best Animated Feature | Wes Anderson, Scott Rudin, Steven Rales and Jeremy Dawson | Nominated | |
| Academy Awards | February 24, 2019 | Best Original Score | Alexandre Desplat | Nominated | |
| Alliance of Women Film Journalists | January 10, 2019 | Best Animated Feature Film | Wes Anderson | Nominated | |
| Alliance of Women Film Journalists | January 10, 2019 | Best Animated Female | Greta Gerwig as Tracy Walker | Nominated | |
| Annie Awards | February 2, 2019 | Best Animated Feature | Wes Anderson, Scott Rudin, Steven Rales and Jeremy Dawson | Nominated | |
| Annie Awards | February 2, 2019 | Outstanding Achievement for Character Animation in an Animated Feature Production | Jason Stalman | Nominated | |
| Annie Awards | February 2, 2019 | Outstanding Achievement for Production Design in an Animated Feature Production | Adam Stockhausen and Paul Harrod | Nominated | |
| Annie Awards | February 2, 2019 | Outstanding Achievement for Voice Acting in an Animated Feature Production | Bryan Cranston | Won | |
| Art Directors Guild Awards | February 2, 2019 | Excellence in Production Design for an Animated Film | Adam Stockhausen and Paul Harrod | Won | |
| Berlin International Film Festival | February 25, 2018 | Silver Bear for Best Director | Wes Anderson | Won | [51] [52] |
| Berlin International Film Festival | February 25, 2018 | Golden Bear | Isle of Dogs | Nominated | [51] [52] |
| British Academy Film Awards | February 10, 2019 | Best Animated Film | Wes Anderson | Nominated | |
| British Academy Film Awards | February 10, 2019 | Best Original Score | Alexandre Desplat | Nominated | |
| Chicago Film Critics Association Awards | December 7, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Wes Anderson | Nominated | |
| Cinema Audio Society Awards | February 16, 2019 | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Animated | Darrin Moore, Christopher Scarabosio, Wayne Lemmer, Xavier Forcioli, Simon Rhodes and Peter Persaud | Won | |
| Critics' Choice Movie Awards | January 11, 2019 | Best Animated Feature | Wes Anderson | Nominated | |
| Critics' Choice Movie Awards | January 11, 2019 | Best Score | Alexandre Desplat | Nominated | |
| Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association | December 17, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Isle of Dogs | Won | |
| Florida Film Critics Circle Awards | December 21, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Isle of Dogs | Nominated | |
| Golden Globe Awards | January 6, 2019 | Best Animated Feature Film | Wes Anderson | Nominated | |
| Golden Globe Awards | January 6, 2019 | Best Original Score | Alexandre Desplat | Nominated | |
| Golden Trailer Awards | May 31, 2018 | Best Animation/Family TV Spot | Isle of Dogs: ":30TV 'Sic Em" | Nominated | [60] [61] |
| Golden Trailer Awards | May 31, 2018 | Best Motion Poster | Isle of Dogs: "Sneezing" | Won | [60] [61] |
| Golden Trailer Awards | May 31, 2018 | Best Motion Poster | Isle of Dogs: "Wild Post" | Nominated | [60] [61] |
| Golden Trailer Awards | May 31, 2018 | Best Animation/Family | Isle of Dogs: "Domestic Trailer #1" | Won | [60] [61] |
| Hollywood Music in Media Awards | November 14, 2018 | Original Score – Animated Film | Alexandre Desplat | Won | |
| Humanitas Prize | February 8, 2019 | Family Feature Film | Wes Anderson, Roman Coppola, Jason Schwartzman and Kunichi Nomura | Nominated | |
| Imagine Film Festival | April 20, 2018 | Silver Scream Award | Wes Anderson | Won | |
| Online Film Critics Society | January 2, 2019 | Best Animated Feature | Isle of Dogs | Nominated | |
| Online Film Critics Society | January 2, 2019 | Best Score | Alexandre Desplat | Nominated | |
| Producers Guild Awards | January 19, 2019 | The Award for Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures | Isle of Dogs | Nominated | |
| Satellite Awards | February 17, 2019 | Best Animated or Mixed Media Film | Wes Anderson | Won | |
| San Diego Film Critics Society | December 10, 2018 | Best Original Screenplay | Wes Anderson | Nominated | |
| San Diego Film Critics Society | December 10, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Isle of Dogs | Won | |
| San Diego Film Critics Society | December 10, 2018 | Best Visual Effects | Isle of Dogs | Nominated | |
| San Francisco Film Critics Circle | December 9, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Isle of Dogs | Nominated | |
| Seattle Film Critics Society | December 17, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Wes Anderson | Nominated | |
| South by Southwest Film Festival | March 17, 2018 | Audience Award: Headliners | Isle of Dogs | Won | |
| St. Louis Film Critics Association | December 16, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Isle of Dogs | Runner-up | |
| Toronto Film Critics Association | December 9, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Isle of Dogs | Won | |
| Visual Effects Society Awards | February 5, 2019 | Outstanding Visual Effects in an Animated Feature | Mark Waring, Jeremy Dawson, Tim Ledbury, Lev Kolobov | Nominated | |
| Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards | December 3, 2018 | Best Animated Feature | Wes Anderson | Won | |
| Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards | December 3, 2018 | Best Animated Voice Performance | Bryan Cranston | Won | |
| World Soundtrack Awards | October 17, 2018 | Soundtrack Composer of the Year | Alexandre Desplat | Won | |