# Brazos County, Texas

Brazos County (/ˈbræzəs/ BRAZ-əs) is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 233,849. The county seat is Bryan. Along with Brazoria County, the county is named for the Brazos River, which forms its western border. The county was formed in 1841 and organized in 1843.
Brazos County is part of the Bryan-College Station Metropolitan Statistical Area, which consists of Bryan, College Station, and smaller cities and towns in Brazos, Burleson, and Robertson counties.

## History

In 1837, most of the area of present-day Brazos County was included in Washington County. The Brazos River, which bisected the latter, proved a serious obstacle to county government, and a new county, Navasota, was formed in January 1841. The first court, with Judge R. E. B. Baylor presiding, was held later that year in the home of Joseph Ferguson, fourteen miles west of the site of present Bryan. The county seat, named Boonville for Mordecai Boon, was located on John Austin's league and was surveyed by Hiram Hanover in 1841. In January of the following year Navasota County was renamed Brazos County.
Originally one of the state's poorer counties, the county donated 2,416 acres of land in the 1870s to create Texas A&M University, which has enabled the county to be among the state's most financially successful.
After the Civil War tens of thousands of new residents moved to Brazos County, attracted by its good lands, with plenty of timber and a patchwork of prairies and fertile floodplains. As newcomers poured in by the thousands the county suffered from arson, feuding, shooting and racial violence, including mob lynchings.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 591 square miles (1,530 km$^2$), of which 585 square miles (1,520 km$^2$) is land and 5.8 square miles (15 km$^2$) (1.0%) is water.

### Adjacent counties

* Robertson County (northwest)
* Leon County (north)
* Madison County (northeast)
* Grimes County (east)
* Washington County (south)
* Burleson County (southwest)
The northwestern boundary follows the Old Spanish Trail.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Brazos County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 100,647 | 115,252 | 123,035 | 66.03% | 59.15% | 52.61% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 16,146 | 20,827 | 23,569 | 10.59% | 10.69% | 10.08% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 360 | 484 | 502 | 0.24% | 0.25% | 0.21% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 6,066 | 9,982 | 14,621 | 3.98% | 5.12% | 6.25% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 69 | 82 | 210 | 0.05% | 0.04% | 0.09% |
| Other Race alone (NH) | 170 | 246 | 1,009 | 0.11% | 0.13% | 0.43% |
| Mixed Race or Multiracial (NH) | 1,704 | 2,573 | 7,836 | 1.12% | 1.32% | 3.35% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 27,253 | 45,405 | 63,067 | 17.88% | 23.30% | 26.97% |
| Total | 152,415 | 194,851 | 233,849 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 152,415 people, 55,202 households, and 30,416 families residing in the county. The population density was 260 people per square mile (100 people/km$^2$). There were 59,023 housing units at an average density of 101 units per square mile (39/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 74.45% White, 10.72% Black or African American, 0.36% Native American, 4.01% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 8.42% from other races, and 1.97% from two or more races. 17.88% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 15.3% were of German, 8.4% English, 7.3% Irish and 7.2% American ancestry according to Census 2000.
There were 55,202 households, out of which 27.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.30% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.90% were non-families. 25.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.16.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 21.50% under the age of 18, 32.00% from 18 to 24, 26.00% from 25 to 44, 13.80% from 45 to 64, and 6.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.30 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $29,104, and the median income for a family was $46,530. Males had a median income of $32,864 versus $24,179 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,212. About 14.00% of families and 26.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.60% of those under age 18 and 10.30% of those age 65 or over.

## Transportation
### Public Transportation

The Brazos Transit District operates a fixed route bus service and paratransit throughout Bryan and College Station.

### Major highways

* U.S. Highway 190
* State Highway 6
* State Highway 21
* State Highway 30
* State Highway 40
* State Highway 47
* State Highway OSR
* Farm to Market Road 60
* Farm to Market Road 2154
* Farm to Market Road 2347
* Farm to Market Road 2818

### Airport

Easterwood Airport, owned by Texas A&M, is the local commercial airport, with flights to Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport.
Coulter Field is in Bryan.

## Politics

Unlike most counties that are home to a large university, Brazos County is a Republican stronghold. No Democratic presidential nominee has carried it since Texas native Lyndon Johnson in his 1964 landslide. Only in 1968 and 2020 have Democrats received even 40% of the vote. Even Jimmy Carter failed to win 40% of the vote in 1976, despite being the last Democrat to win Texas.
In 2020, Joe Biden was the first Democrat to win over 40% of its vote since 1968, winning 41.43% of the vote. This was still well to the right of the state as a whole, as Biden lost the state 46.48-52.06%.
United States presidential election results for Brazos County, Texas :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 56,671 | 61.63% | 33,844 | 36.80% | 1,446 | 1.57% |
| 2020 | 47,530 | 55.71% | 35,349 | 41.43% | 2,434 | 2.85% |
| 2016 | 38,738 | 57.64% | 23,121 | 34.40% | 5,352 | 7.96% |
| 2012 | 37,209 | 66.49% | 17,477 | 31.23% | 1,276 | 2.28% |
| 2008 | 37,465 | 63.85% | 20,502 | 34.94% | 706 | 1.20% |
| 2004 | 37,594 | 69.22% | 16,128 | 29.70% | 587 | 1.08% |
| 2000 | 32,864 | 70.01% | 12,359 | 26.33% | 1,718 | 3.66% |
| 1996 | 22,082 | 57.14% | 13,968 | 36.15% | 2,594 | 6.71% |
| 1992 | 23,943 | 48.53% | 14,819 | 30.03% | 10,578 | 21.44% |
| 1988 | 29,369 | 65.72% | 14,885 | 33.31% | 436 | 0.98% |
| 1984 | 34,733 | 73.55% | 12,348 | 26.15% | 140 | 0.30% |
| 1980 | 17,798 | 60.25% | 9,856 | 33.37% | 1,885 | 6.38% |
| 1976 | 15,685 | 58.75% | 10,628 | 39.81% | 387 | 1.45% |
| 1972 | 14,243 | 71.03% | 5,692 | 28.39% | 116 | 0.58% |
| 1968 | 6,839 | 43.90% | 6,299 | 40.43% | 2,441 | 15.67% |
| 1964 | 4,003 | 33.31% | 7,998 | 66.54% | 18 | 0.15% |
| 1960 | 4,553 | 43.46% | 5,907 | 56.38% | 17 | 0.16% |
| 1956 | 4,942 | 58.58% | 3,463 | 41.05% | 31 | 0.37% |
| 1952 | 4,681 | 52.62% | 4,213 | 47.36% | 2 | 0.02% |
| 1948 | 1,533 | 27.72% | 3,459 | 62.55% | 538 | 9.73% |
| 1944 | 464 | 10.61% | 3,358 | 76.75% | 553 | 12.64% |
| 1940 | 617 | 12.92% | 4,151 | 86.90% | 9 | 0.19% |
| 1936 | 45 | 1.69% | 2,610 | 98.16% | 4 | 0.15% |
| 1932 | 195 | 6.96% | 2,588 | 92.40% | 18 | 0.64% |
| 1928 | 738 | 33.23% | 1,480 | 66.64% | 3 | 0.14% |
| 1924 | 255 | 10.43% | 2,128 | 87.07% | 61 | 2.50% |
| 1920 | 277 | 12.75% | 1,281 | 58.98% | 614 | 28.27% |
| 1916 | 273 | 20.87% | 1,027 | 78.52% | 8 | 0.61% |
| 1912 | 142 | 14.90% | 762 | 79.96% | 49 | 5.14% |

## Communities
### Cities

* Bryan (county seat)
* College Station
* Navasota (partial)
* Wixon Valley

### Towns

* Kurten

### Census-designated place

* Lake Bryan

### Unincorporated communities

* Allenfarm
* Cawthon
* Edge
* Fairview
* Harvey
* Millican - Former municipality
* Mooring
* Mudville
* Nelleva
* Peach Creek
* Smetana
* Tabor
* Wellborn

### Ghost Towns

* Boonville
* Cottonwood
* Dallam
* Dinkins
* Enright
* Macey
* Moore
* Reliance
* Sims
* Stone City
* Union
* Varisco
* Wicker
* Zack

## Education

School districts:
* Bryan Independent School District
* College Station Independent School District
* Navasota Independent School District
Blinn College is the designated community college for all of the county.
Texas A&M University, the largest university by enrollment in Texas, is located in College Station.