OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gaomi

Gaomi (Chinese: 高密市; pinyin: Gāomì Shì) is a county-level city of eastern Shandong province, China, under the administration of Weifang City. It is the hometown of writer and 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature winner Mo Yan, who has set some of his stories in the region.

## Administrative divisions

Gaomi has three subdistricts and seven towns under its administration.
Subdistricts:
* Chaoyang Subdistrict (朝阳街道)
* Liquan Subdistrict (醴泉街道)
* Mishui Subdistrict (密水街道)
Towns:
| Baicheng (柏城镇) Xiazhuang (夏庄镇) Jiangzhuang (姜庄镇) Damoujia (大牟家镇) | Kanjia (阚家镇) Jinggou (井沟镇) Chaigou (柴沟镇) |

## Climate

Climate data for Gaomi, elevation 52 m (171 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.3 (61.3) | 24.0 (75.2) | 29.7 (85.5) | 34.1 (93.4) | 39.6 (103.3) | 40.8 (105.4) | 39.5 (103.1) | 37.8 (100.0) | 38.4 (101.1) | 33.0 (91.4) | 26.8 (80.2) | 18.9 (66.0) | 40.8 (105.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) | 7.1 (44.8) | 13.2 (55.8) | 19.9 (67.8) | 25.6 (78.1) | 29.5 (85.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 30.4 (86.7) | 27.1 (80.8) | 21.1 (70.0) | 13.0 (55.4) | 5.8 (42.4) | 19.0 (66.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) | 1.5 (34.7) | 6.9 (44.4) | 13.5 (56.3) | 19.4 (66.9) | 23.6 (74.5) | 26.5 (79.7) | 25.8 (78.4) | 21.7 (71.1) | 15.4 (59.7) | 7.8 (46.0) | 1.0 (33.8) | 13.5 (56.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) | −2.5 (27.5) | 2.4 (36.3) | 8.6 (47.5) | 14.4 (57.9) | 19.1 (66.4) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.4 (72.3) | 17.5 (63.5) | 11.0 (51.8) | 3.9 (39.0) | −2.5 (27.5) | 9.4 (48.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −16.3 (2.7) | −13.1 (8.4) | −8.7 (16.3) | −2.6 (27.3) | 2.9 (37.2) | 9.9 (49.8) | 15.7 (60.3) | 13.1 (55.6) | 6.4 (43.5) | −1.0 (30.2) | −10.0 (14.0) | −14.7 (5.5) | −16.3 (2.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 8.4 (0.33) | 14.8 (0.58) | 15.4 (0.61) | 32.6 (1.28) | 51.3 (2.02) | 73.4 (2.89) | 152.3 (6.00) | 174.2 (6.86) | 59.5 (2.34) | 28.6 (1.13) | 26.0 (1.02) | 11.3 (0.44) | 647.8 (25.5) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 7.7 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 6.9 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 73.4 |
| Average snowy days | 3.9 | 3.1 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.8 | 12.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 62 | 60 | 56 | 57 | 61 | 68 | 77 | 79 | 71 | 66 | 65 | 63 | 65 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 162.9 | 164.3 | 212.5 | 225.1 | 247.1 | 209.5 | 173.9 | 180.9 | 198.1 | 194.0 | 161.7 | 161.9 | 2,291.9 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 53 | 53 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 48 | 39 | 44 | 54 | 56 | 53 | 54 | 52 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# Edward Cecil-Smith

Edward Cecil-Smith was a Canadian communist, propagandist and soldier who fought in the Spanish Civil War as a member of the Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion.
# Choreutis pelargodes

Choreutis pelargodes is a moth in the family Choreutidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1921. It is found on Java in Indonesia.
# Knešpolje

Knešpolje (Serbian Cyrillic: Кнешпоље) or Knežopolje (Кнежопоље) is a region in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the northwestern part of the Potkozarje geographical region, and includes a region stretching from Prijedor, Kozara mountains, Kozarska Dubica, the Una river and Kostajnica. Its name is derived from knez (count, duke) and polje (field).

## Geography

The region lies in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the wider Bosanska Krajina region. It is the northwestern part of the Potkozarje geographical region, and includes a region stretching from Prijedor, Kozara mountains, Bosanska Dubica, the Una river and Bosanska Kostajnica.

## History

The region is known for its rebellions against Ottoman rule. In 1858, an uprising broke out in the region, known as Pecija's First Revolt.
The region is known as a place where Serbs were persecuted by the Ustashe in World War II; Bosnian Muslim poet Skender Kulenović wrote about the Kozara tragedy.
In the prelude of the Bosnian War, the Serb-organized SAO Bosanska Krajina was proclaimed in the Bosnian Frontier; it was then succeeded by the establishment of Republika Srpska (1992).

## Culture

The region is historically Serb-inhabited, and has specific folk traditions. Ojkača is sung with at least three singers and without instrumental music. The local kolo (dance) is the Kozara kolo (Kozaračko kolo). The traditional instrument is tamburica. The region's inhabitants call themselves Knežopoljci, and regard themselves Krajišnici ("frontiersmen").
# Neil Freeman (English footballer)

Neil Freeman (born 16 February 1955) is an English former footballer who played as a goalkeeper in the Football League. He started his career as a youth player at home-town club Northampton Town, but turned professional with Arsenal in 1972. He was released in March 1974 without having played for the first team. He then played for Grimsby Town, Southend United, Birmingham City, Walsall, Huddersfield Town, Peterborough United and Northampton Town.
After retiring from football, he joined the police.
# Reginald Capell, 9th Earl of Essex

Reginald George de Vere Capell, 9th Earl of Essex T.D. (9 October 1906 – 18 May 1981) was a British peer.

## Early life

He was the son of Algernon George de Vere Capell, 8th Earl of Essex, and Mary Eveline Stewart Freeman. He had the courtesy title Viscount Malden, and was known as Reggie Malden.
He was educated at St Cyprian's School in Eastbourne, Eton and Magdalene College, Cambridge.

## Career

He served in the army during World War II and was awarded the T.D. After the war he began farming in Buckinghamshire. He retained his military connections and became Lieutenant-Colonel in 1947 and was commanding officer of the 16th Airborne Division Signals Regiment (Middlesex Yeomanry) (Territorial Army) in 1948. He became Honorary Colonel of the 16th (later 40th) Signal Regiment in 1957 and its successor, the 47th (Middlesex Yeomanry) Signal Regiment, in 1962.

### House of Lords

Capell inherited the Earldom of Essex on the death of his father in 1966 and took his seat in the House of Lords. In his maiden speech in 1971, he opposed the recommendation of the Roskill Commission for the siting of a third London airport at Cublington. The third airport was eventually provided by the development of Stansted Airport.

## Personal life

Capell married, firstly, Mary Reeve Ward, daughter of F. Gibson Ward, on 2 March 1937. They were divorced in 1957. His second wife was Nona Isabel Miller (1906–1997), daughter of David Wilson Miller and widow of Francis Sydney Smythe of Yew tree cottage in November 1957. He had no children by either marriage. In 1967, Debrett's had identified Bladen Horace Capell, "a grocery clerk in Yuba City, California" as the person eligible to become the Earl of Essex, if no other heirs could be identified.
On his death in 1981, the title became dormant, but it was revived eight years later by a distant cousin, Robert Capell.
# 644 BC

The year 644 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 110 Ab urbe condita. The denomination 644 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### Asia Minor

* Cimmerian forces from Anatolia conquer Sardis and reach the peak of their power. King Gyges of Lydia has spent most of his 28-year reign fighting his southern and western neighbors in an effort to gain suzerainty over all of Western Asia Minor. He has helped the rebellion of Psamtik I, but he receives no support from his erstwhile Assyrian ally Ashurbanipal. Gyges falls in a battle against the Cimmerians under king Tugdamme (approximate date).
* Ardys succeeds his father Gyges as the second Mermnad king of Lydia. During his reign he finds payment of tribute to Assyria preferable to rule by the Cimmerians, who will be routed a few decades later.

## Deaths

* Gyges, king of Lydia (approximate date)
* Bao Shuya, prominent official under Duke Huan of Qi
# 1995 Kentucky Wildcats football team

The 1995 Kentucky Wildcats football team represented the University of Kentucky in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1995 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their sixth season under head coach Bill Curry, the Wildcats compiled a 4–7 record (2–6 against SEC opponents), finished in fifth place in the Eastern Division of the SEC, and were outscored by their opponents, 269 to 223. The team played its home games in Commonwealth Stadium in Lexington, Kentucky.
The team's statistical leaders included Billy Jack Haskins with 1,176 passing yards, Moe Williams with 1,600 rushing yards, and Craig Yeast with 337 receiving yards.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | TV | Result | Attendance |
| September 2 | 7:00 p.m. | Louisville* | Commonwealth StadiumLexington, KY (Governor's Cup) | | L 10–13 | 58,967 |
| September 9 | 7:00 p.m. | No. 5 Florida | Commonwealth StadiumLexington, KY (rivalry) | | L 7–42 | 53,524 |
| September 16 | 2:00 p.m. | at Indiana* | Memorial StadiumBloomington, IN (rivalry) | | W 17–10 | 37,225 |
| September 23 | 12:30 p.m. | at South Carolina | Williams–Brice StadiumColumbia, SC | JPS | W 35–30 | 65,325 |
| September 30 | 7:00 p.m. | No. 13 Auburn | Commonwealth StadiumLexington, KY | PPV | L 21–42 | 58,250 |
| October 14 | 7:00 p.m. | LSU | Commonwealth StadiumLexington, KY | PPV | W 24–16 | 51,500 |
| October 21 | 12:30 p.m. | at Georgia | Sanford StadiumAthens, GA | JPS | L 3–12 | 85,412 |
| October 28 | 2:30 p.m. | at Mississippi State | Scott FieldStarkville, MS | | L 32–42 | 30,122 |
| November 4 | 2:00 p.m. | at Vanderbilt | Vanderbilt StadiumNashville, TN (rivalry) | | L 10–14 | 26,053 |
| November 11 | 1:00 p.m. | Cincinnati* | Commonwealth StadiumLexington, KY | | W 33–14 | 25,231 |
| November 23 | 12:30 p.m. | No. 4 Tennessee | Commonwealth StadiumLexington, KY (rivalry) | JPS | L 31–34 | 52,300 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Eastern time ||||||||
# Christian Mortensen

Thomas Peter Thorvald Kristian Ferdinand Mortensen (August 16, 1882 – April 25, 1998), known as Christian Mortensen, was a Danish-American supercentenarian who resided in California. When he died, his age of 115 years and 252 days was the longest verified male lifespan at the time, until Jiroemon Kimura surpassed him in 2012. Mortensen was baptized in Fruering Church [da] on December 26, 1882. Besides his baptismal record, other records include the 1890 and 1901 census enumerations in Denmark, and church confirmation in 1896.

## Biography

Christian Mortensen was born to tailor Jens Karl Martinus Mortensen and his wife Maren Therkelsen Thybo in the village of Skårup in Fruering parish near the city of Skanderborg, Denmark, on August 16, 1882. He began work as a tailor's apprentice in Skanderborg at age 16, in 1898, and later took work as a farmhand.
Mortensen emigrated to Ellis Island in the New York Bay area, the United States in 1903, then aged about 20 or 21 years old. He traveled while working as a tailor, but settled in Chicago, where he had relatives. Mortensen worked various trades, including as a milkman for Borden Dairy Company, as a restaurateur, and as a factory worker for the Continental Can Company.
He was married for less than ten years, divorced and had no children. He did not remarry.
In 1950, Mortensen retired near Galveston Bay, Texas. Then, 28 years later at the age of 96, he moved to a retirement home in San Rafael, California. Mortensen claimed he rode his bicycle to the Aldersly Retirement Community, telling the staff that he was there to stay. Mortensen lived at Aldersly for almost 20 years until his death in 1998.
Mortensen was visited by American scientist James Vaupel and other longevity researchers on the occasion of his 113th birthday. He was particularly pleased with a box of Danish cigars that the researchers had brought him. Mortensen was completely blind towards the end of his life and spent much of his time in bed sleeping or in a wheelchair listening to the radio. He showed no signs of major degenerative disease or dementia. His memory and reasoning were described as largely intact. He could walk only with assistance.

## Lifestyle

Mortensen enjoyed cigars in moderation and drank lots of water. He led a simple and solitary life. He avoided red meat but was not a vegetarian. On his 115th birthday, Mortensen gave his advice for a long life: "Friends, a good cigar, drinking lots of good water, no alcohol, staying positive and lots of singing will keep you alive for a long time."
# Alexander Adie

Alexander James Adie FRSE MWS (7 November 1775, Edinburgh – 4 December 1858, Edinburgh) was a Scottish maker of medical instruments, optician and meteorologist. He was the inventor of the sympiesometer, patented in 1818.

## Life

He was born the son of optician John Adie FRSE (died 1857).
He was apprenticed in 1789 to his maternal uncle John Miller a mathematical instrument maker on Parliament Close, off the Royal Mile close to St Giles Cathedral in Edinburgh. In 1800 Adie was working for Miller at 38 South Bridge and the business was described as an optician. Around 1805 went into business together as "Miller and Adie, Opticians" (also serving as mathematical instrument makers, but this was in much less demand) and had a shop at 15 Nicholson Street in the South Side which continued until 1822.
After Miller died Adie opened his own shop at 58 Princes Street close to the Royal Scottish Academy.
Adie supplied lenses to Joseph Hooker, Charles Darwin and Sir David Brewster and was optician to William IV and to Queen Victoria. Adie invented the sympiesometer or marine barometer and had a small observatory erected long before there was a public observatory in Edinburgh. He was elected as Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh on 25 January 1819, upon the proposal of Lord Francis Gray, Sir David Brewster and James Russell.
Adie lived at 10 Regent Terrace, Edinburgh, from 1832 to 1838. His son John Adie FRSE joined his firm around 1840 to create Adie & Son based at 50 Princes Street.
He died at Caanan Lodge, in the Morningside district of Edinburgh (now demolished) in December 1858, and was interred in Greyfriars Kirkyard. The grave lies to the south-west of the church, just to the north-east of the Adam mausoleum.

## Family

His daughter married the astronomer Thomas Henderson (1798–1844) who would certainly have met through the instrument making. Henderson is buried with Adie but is not listed on the memorial. His son, Patrick Adie, left for London in 1844, setting up in business as an instrument maker there. Patrick married Clementina Hellaby, with whom they had a son Walter Sibbald Adie who became a teacher of Indian Languages at Cambridge University after a career in the Indian Civil Service.

### Alexander James Adie (railway engineer)

Adie's son was born at 11 Lothian Street in Edinburgh's South Side on 16 December 1808 and also named Alexander James Adie after his father.
He studied at the High School in Edinburgh and then Edinburgh University before training as a civil engineer under James Jardine.
In 1836 he became Resident Engineer on the Bolton, Chorley and Preston Railway. In 1847-63 he became civil engineer & Manager of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway.
In February 1846 he followed in his father's footsteps and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh his proposer being James David Forbes. At this time he was living at 50 Princes Street above his father's shop.
In later life he lived at 7 St Andrews Square in Edinburgh (now demolished).
He died at his home, Rockville near Linlithgow, where he had retired to, on 3 April 1879. He is buried on the south side of St Michael's Church in Linlithgow.
# Ramlal Chunilal Modi

Ramlal Chunilal Modi (27 July 1890 – 14 July 1949) was an Indian Gujarati-language writer, researcher, critic and historian. He is known for his research in medieval Gujarati literature, especially on the medieval poet Bhalan. He was awarded the Narmad Suvarna Chandrak posthumously in 1950.

## Biography

Ramlal Chunilal Modi was born on 27 July 1890 in the Dasa Vayada Vanik family at Patan. His father's name was Chunilal Narbheram and his mother's name was Jadav. After clearing his matriculation examination from Patan High School in 1908, he worked as the headmaster of Unjha and Chanasma middle schools. He then joined Patan High School as a teacher and served there till his death.
He died on 14 July 1949 at Rajkot.

## Works

Since Ramlal Chunilal Modi was a native of Patan, he had a special charm for the local librarians and poets there. He has done important work mainly in the field of Old Gujarati and medieval history of Gujarat. He has published as many as 150 exploratory articles in addition to some texts.
In 1909, his first article titled 'Gujarati Shabdkosh' published in the 'Buddhiprakash'. In 1919, he published the classically written character book 'Bhalan' about the medieval Gujarati poet Bhalan. In 1924, he published the book 'Kavi Bhalan krut Be Nalakhyan', for which he was awarded Rs. 101 by the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad.
He has made a Gujarati translation of the Jadunath Sarkar's Mughal Administration (1920) book under the title 'Mughal Rajyavahivat' (1942). 'Patan-Sidhpurno Pravas' (1919) is his travelogue. 'Karna Solanki' (1935) and 'Vayupurana' (1945) are his historical texts.

## Awards and honors

During 1945–50, he was posthumously awarded the Narmad Suvarna Chandrak by the Narmad Sahitya Sabha for his historiography.
# 647 BC

The year 647 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 107 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 647 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### Middle East

* Elam refuses to extradite an Aramaean prince, giving the king Ashurbanipal of Assyria an excuse to invade the country. He sacks the city of Susa.
* Ashurbanipal and his Queen in the Garden, from the palace at Nineveh (modern Kuyunjik, Iraq), is made. It is now at the British Museum, London.
# 1995 Mississippi Valley State Delta Devils football team

The 1995 Mississippi Valley State Delta Devils football team represented Mississippi Valley State University as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1995 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by sixth-year head coach Larry Dorsey, the Delta Devils compiled an overall record of 2–9, with a conference record of 2–5, and finished sixth in the SWAC.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 2 | at Arkansas–Pine Bluff* | War Memorial StadiumLittle Rock, AR | L 16–41 | |
| September 9 | vs. Lane* | Tupelo H.S. StadiumTupelo, MS | L 14–25 | |
| September 23 | at Jackson State | Mississippi Veterans Memorial StadiumJackson, MS | L 7–47 | 18,223 |
| September 30 | No. 9 Southern | Magnolia StadiumItta Bena, MS | L 6–44 | |
| October 7 | at Grambling State | Eddie G. Robinson Memorial StadiumGrambling, LA | L 6–42 | 11,500 |
| October 14 | at Central State* | McPherson StadiumWilberforce, OH | L 12–59 | 5,150 |
| October 21 | Texas Southern | Magnolia StadiumItta Bena, MS | W 28–21 | |
| October 28 | at Prairie View A&M | Edward L. Blackshear FieldPrairie View, TX | W 35–14 | |
| November 4 | at Alcorn State | Jack Spinks StadiumLorman, MS | L 27–38 | |
| November 11 | Alabama State | Magnolia StadiumItta Bena, MS | L 28–56 | |
| November 18 | at Arkansas State* | Indian StadiumJonesboro, AR | L 3–55 | |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from NCAA Division I-AA Football Committee Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# Malise III, Earl of Strathearn

Malise III of Strathearn (Gaelic: Maol Íosa; c. 1257 – 1312) was a Scottish nobleman, the ruler of the region of Strathearn.

## Biography

He was the son of Malise II and his second wife Matilda, daughter of Gilbert, Earl of Orkney and Caithness. He succeeded his father on the latter's death in 1271, though for some reason he does not refer to himself as Earl until 1283, perhaps because he had not been formally infeft in the earldom.
Malise helped to keep the Kingdom of Scotland stable after the death of King Alexander, and in an example of his behaviour, he is recorded as levying the tenants of the land belonging to Inchaffray Abbey to help preserve the peace. In 1284 he had joined with other Scottish noblemen who acknowledged Margaret, Maid of Norway as the heir to Alexander.
In the interregnum following Margaret's death, Malise took a prominent part in state affairs, and was involved in most of the political events of the time. Perhaps because of his marriage into the House of Comyn, he took the side of John Balliol in his competition for the throne with Robert Bruce, and accompanied John at the Battle of Dunbar in 1296. Later he swore fealty to Edward I of England, and two of his sons were taken as hostages by that king, to ensure their father's good behaviour.
In 1297 he took the Earl of Fife's uncle as a prisoner for King Edward, along with his two sons. A close friend of the Prince of Wales (later King Edward II), he was invested in 1305 as Lieutenant of the Warden north of the Forth.
In 1306 he was ordered to take the sons of the Steward of Scotland and the Earl of Atholl as hostages, but before he could complete this task, he was imprisoned in Rochester Castle because of his alleged surrender to King Robert Bruce. According to Malise, King Robert and the Earl of Atholl had marched into Strathearn and deceived and coerced him into paying Robert homage. Notwithstanding this explanation, he remained imprisoned. On petition from the Earl's wife and sons, King Edward ordered an inquiry to be made, but nothing came of this. After having been transferred to York in 1307, he was finally acquitted and set free in 1310.
Malise was present on the English side when King Robert stormed Perth Castle in 1312. He died later the same year, and was entombed in Inchaffray Abbey, to the right of the high altar.

## Marriage and issue

The Earl married a lady named Agnes Egidia Comyn, the second daughter of Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan, and wife Elizabeth (or Isabel or Isabella) de Quincy. The Countess Agnes would later be imprisoned for life for conspiring against King Robert with her nephew William Soules. Malise and Agnes had three sons and one daughter:
* Malise IV, succeeded as Earl
* Gilbert, went with King Edward to Flanders in 1297, and may have died or been killed there
* Robert, is recorded as having been imprisoned in the Tower of London with other Scottish youths in 1297. Nothing further is known of him
* Matilda, married Robert de Toeni, Lord Toeni of Flamsted (1276–1309), son of Ralph de Toeni.