OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1954 in Sweden

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events from the year 1954 in Sweden

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Gustaf VI Adolf
* Prime Minister – Tage Erlander

## Events

* June – The Catalina affair
* Dissolution of the Kvinnliga medborgarskolan vid Fogelstad.

## Popular culture
### Sport

* 26 February to 7 March – The 1954 World Ice Hockey Championships were held in Stockholm

### Literature

* Mio, My Son, children's book by Astrid Lindgren

### Film

* 26 December – Gabrielle, directed by Hasse Ekman, released

## Births

* 15 April – Göran Högosta, ice hockey player
* 28 April – Peter Schantz, medical scientist
* 19 May – Lena Einhorn, director, writer and physician
* 23 July – Philip Zandén, actor
* 8 September – Johan Harmenberg, fencer.
* 16 December – Eva Gustafsson, middle-distance runner

## Deaths

* 19 February – Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp, politician (born 1883)
* 2 June – Lydia Wahlström, historian and women's rights activist (born 1869)
* 29 June – Thorsten Svensson, football player (born 1901)
# Gargi Roychowdhury

Gargee Roychowdhury is an Indian actress. She works in Bengali movies in Tollywood and serials in television. Gargee Roychowdhury is one of the popular actresses of the Bengali screen. She began her career as a theatre artist, performing in Uttaran and later Bohurupee. She has also been a newscaster and radio artist. She is an alumnus of Patha Bhavan, Kolkata.

## Career

Gargee Roychowdhury rose to fame for the Bengali long running soap opera Sisirer Sabdo Sona Jai, in which she played a lawyer.

## Filmography

* Denotes films that have not yet been released
| Year | Film | Director |
| 2004 | Shudhu Tumi | Sudeshna Roy & Abhijit Guha |
| 2010 | Iti Mrinalini | Aparna Sen |
| 2012 | Teen Yaari Katha | Sudeshna Roy & Abhijit Guha |
| 2014 | Khaad | Kaushik Ganguly |
| 2014 | Ramdhanu | Shiboprosad Mukherjee & Nandita Roy |
| 2014 | Buno Haansh | Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury |
| 2015 | Naxal | Debaditya Bandopadhyay |
| 2015 | Bitnoon | Sudeshna Roy & Abhijit Guha |
| 2016 | Hemanta | Anjan Dutta |
| 2016 | Beche Thakar Gaan | Sudeshna Roy & Abhijit Guha |
| 2017 | Chawlochitra Circus | Mainak Bhaumik |
| 2017 | Meghnad Badh Rahasya | Anik Dutta |
| 2017 | Mayurakshi | Atanu Ghosh |
| 2018 | Haami | Shiboprosad Mukherjee & Nandita Roy |
| 2018 | Uma | Srijit Mukherji |
| 2018 | Kuasha Jokhon | Abhisekh & Meenakshi |
| 2019 | Jyeshthoputro | Kaushik Ganguly |
| 2020 | Sraboner Dhara | Sudeshna Roy & Abhijit Guha |
| 2022 | Mahananda | Arindam Sil |
| 2022 | Haami 2 | Shiboprosad Mukherjee & Nandita Roy |
| 2023 | Shesh Pata | Atanu Ghosh | 2025 | Balaram Kando | Saptaswa Basu |

## Recent works

Gargee Roychowdhury was in the news for her performance in the movie Ramdhanu - The Rainbow. It also starred Shiboprosad Mukherjee, Rachna Banerjee, Kharaj Mukherjee. She also played the role of Reena Sen in the film Naxal. In 2017 she starred in Anik Dutta's movie Meghnad Badh Rahasya. She also made popularity by acting in Shiboprosad Mukherjee's film Haami (2018).

## Advertisement

Roychowdhury has been featured in the Bengali version of the latest Horlicks advertisement.
# Presidential Palace, Damascus

The Presidential Palace (Arabic: قصر الشعب, lit. 'the People's Palace') is the chief official residence of the President of Syria. It is located in the western part of Damascus, on Mount Mezzeh, north of Mezzeh neighborhood, next to Mount Qasioun, and overlooks the city. The main building covers 31,500 square metres (340,000 square feet). The entire plateau of Mount Mezzeh is part of the palace compound and is surrounded by a security wall and guard watchtowers. In front of the building is a large fountain and the palace itself largely consists of empty rooms clad in Carrara marble.

## Design

Japanese architect Kenzo Tange is credited with the design. He reputedly resigned from the project before construction of the palace began. The front brass gates were created by the noted Syrian-Jewish metalwork artist Maurice Nseiri.
The palace premises covers about 510,000 square meters (5,500,000 feet) and also includes a private presidential hospital and the headquarters of the Republican Guard. Hafez al-Assad first commissioned the plans for the building in 1979. Udo Kultermann [de] has characterised the building as "a feudalistic architecture".

## History

The palace was frequently used for hosting government delegations and foreign government visitors. On 27 October 1994, Bill Clinton met with Hafez al-Assad at the palace to negotiate a peace plan between Syria and Israel.
On 8 December 2024, during the Syrian opposition offensives, anti-Assad forces entered the palace. Bashar al-Assad fled Syria, seeking Asylum in Russia resulting in the fall of the Assad regime.
As of 2025, the place is used for diplomatic functions by the Syrian transitional government. On 29 January 2025, the palace hosted the Syrian Revolution Victory Conference, attended by commanders of various armed revolutionary factions who fought for the Syrian opposition coalition against the deposed regime of Bashar al-Assad. On 24–25 February 2025, the palace hosted the Syrian National Dialogue Conference as part of the Syrian transitional government to pave the way for national unity following the fall of the Assad regime.
# Walker Brooke

Walker Brooke (December 25, 1813 – February 18, 1869) was an American politician who served as a Deputy from Mississippi to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1862. He was also a U.S. Senator from 1852 to 1853, representing the state of Mississippi.

## Biography

Born on December 25, 1813, in Clarke County, Virginia, Walker Brooke was the son of Humphrey Brooke and Sarah Walker Page. He attended the public schools in Richmond, Virginia and Georgetown, D.C. In his early days he worked as a schoolteacher. He graduated from the University of Virginia at Charlottesville in 1835, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1838 and commenced practice in Lexington, Mississippi. He was a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1848 and was a member of the Mississippi Senate in 1850 and 1852.
Brooke was elected as a Whig to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Henry S. Foote and served from February 18, 1852, to March 3, 1853; he was not a candidate for reelection and resumed the practice of law.
In 1857 he moved to Vicksburg and continued the practice of law; he was a delegate to the Mississippi secession convention in 1861. He was elected a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States from Mississippi in 1861 and served one year; he was then appointed a member of the permanent military court of the Confederate States.
He died from choking on a very large oyster in an attempt to win a "friendly wager."
# Woolsey Bridge

Woolsey Bridge (NRHP listed as Washington County Road 35 Bridge) was a truss bridge built in 1925, formerly located near West Fork, Arkansas. It carried County Route 35 over the West Fork of the White River for 303 feet (92 m). It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## History

The bridge is historic as the only surviving bridge in the area built in the camelback style. Engineered in a distinct way, the camelback truss is uncommon and this well-preserved example was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 9, 2000.

## Design

Bridge designers and engineers of the early 20th century had seen the Pratt truss prove itself as a durable and economically feasible bridge. The Woolsey Bridge was designed as a camelback through truss design. The camelback is a modification of the Pratt truss by Charles H. Parker that features a top chord that is not parallel to the bottom chord. Although stronger in the center than parallel bridges, the style is less common due to its complexity. The Woolsey Bridge was likely built by a county workforce in 1925, possibly consisting of area residents.

## Status

The bridge was closed to traffic in January, 2015 and a replacement bridge opened in 2018. The old bridge was disassembled and given to the town of West Fork with the intention it would be repurposed into a pedestrian bridge.
# Martha Lopez

Martha Luz Lopez (born 12 August 1968) is a road cyclist from Colombia. She represented her nation at the 2001 UCI Road World Championships. She won in 2001 the bronze medal in the road race at the Pan American championships.
# Roger L. Eddy

Roger L. Eddy (born 1958) is a former Republican member of the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the 109th district from 2003 to 2012.
Eddy earned a Bachelor of Science from Northern Illinois University and a Master of Arts in education administration from Eastern Illinois University. He has been a teacher, coach, school principal and superintendent. His most recent educational position is as superintendent of Hutsonville Unit 1 school district in Crawford County. He and his wife, Becca, also a teacher, reside near Hutsonville and are the parents of five children.
In the 2001 decennial redistricting process, the 109th district was drawn to include Clark, Crawford, Cumberland, Edgar, Lawrence, Shelby, and Wabash counties in east-central Illinois. Roger Eddy won a three-way Republican primary and in the general election, Eddy defeated Democratic candidate James W. Lane Jr. of Robinson, Illinois. He was re-elected by large margins in 2004 and 2006.
During the 2008 Republican Party presidential primaries, Peraica served on the Illinois leadership team of the presidential campaign of former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani.
As a representative, Eddy has focused on agriculture and education issues, and has generally supported pro-business legislation. Some of his major legislative successes have included passage of legislation to combat methamphetamine, the prevalence of which is a dangerous problem in the rural Midwest. Eddy wrote the book, A Front Row Seat: The Impeachment of Rob Blagojevich.
Eddy opted not to run for reelection in 2012 after taking a job as the executive director of the Illinois Association of School Boards. Eddy resigned from the Illinois House of Representatives on March 22, 2012. On April 2, 2012, Brad Halbrook, the Republican nominee for the 110th district in the 2012 general election, was appointed by local Republican leaders to succeed Eddy in the 109th district for the remainder of the 97th General Assembly. Halbrook subsequently won election to the 98th General Assembly from the 110th district.
On March 5, 2021, Governor J. B. Pritzker appointed Eddy to the Illinois State Board of Education to succeed Jane Quinlan for a term ending January 8, 2025. His appointment was confirmed by the Illinois Senate on March 8, 2022.
# Munindar P. Singh

Munindar P. Singh is a SAS institute distinguished professor and a full professor in the Department of Computer Science at North Carolina State University. Singh is an IEEE Fellow, a AAAI Fellow, a AAAS Fellow, an ACM Fellow, a Member of Academia Europaea, and a ACM SIGAI Autonomous Agents Research Award recipient.

## Education

Singh received his B.Tech. in computer science & engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi in 1986. He obtained a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Texas at Austin in 1993 under the supervision of E. Allen Emerson and Nicholas M. Asher.

## Research

Singh's research interests include multiagent systems, service-oriented computing, software engineering, artificial intelligence, and social networks. He has made several important contributions to the understanding of interaction and norms in multiagent systems. He introduced to artificial intelligence the distinction between social commitment (a norm) and psychological commitment (a mental attitude). Singh also introduced the idea that interaction among autonomous social principals (e.g., between two or more organizations) must have a social semantics. This idea has proved to be highly influential within multiagent systems research. In recognition of Singh's contribution, the paper in which he introduced this idea was awarded the IFAAMAS 2016 Influential Paper Award. Taking this line of thinking further, Singh, in joint work with his Ph.D. student pInar Yolum, introduced the abstraction of commitment protocols.
Singh has also made important contributions to social networks, trust, and distributed computing. His Blindingly Simple Protocol Language (BSPL) introduces the idea that message ordering in interaction protocols fall out automatically from information flow requirements. Therefore, one need not model specify control flow at all in interaction protocols.
# William John Townsend

William John Townsend (20 January 1835 – 7 March 1915) was a British minister of the Methodist New Connexion. He wrote on theology and the history of Methodism, writing biographies of Robert Morrison and Alexander Kilham. He also wrote a book on scholastic philosophy.

## Life

William John Townsend was born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the son of Joseph and Mary Townsend. He was educated at Percy Street Academy in Newcastle. He worked in business for several years, before studying at Ranmoor College in Sheffield and becoming a minister of the Methodist New Connexion in 1860. He was President of the Methodist New Connexion Conference in 1886, and edited the Methodist New Connexion from 1893 to 1897.
The Great Schoolmen of the Middle Ages (1881) tried to provide "a fairer and higher estimate of the great Schoolmen" than as "solemn triflers [...] or as mere metaphysical gymnasts", and sketch a "rationale of Scholasticism":
   receiving the mass of Church dogma as an act of faith, it was the earnest, persevering laborious effort of the Schoolmen to justify the particulars of that mass of dogma to their reason and understanding [...] They failed, but their failure was really their greatest victory [...] Out of the patient faith, the consecrated lives, the high reasonings, [...] there have come victories of faith, experiences of freedom, attainments of truth, possibilities of facile expression of the noblest subjects, the unrestrained exercise of reason and conscience.

## Works

* Madagascar: its missionaries and martyrs, 1880.
* The great schoolmen of the middle ages. An account of their lives, and the services they rendered to the church and the world, 1881.
* Robert Morrison: the pioneer of Chinese missions, 1888.
* Alexander Kilham: the first Methodist reformer, 1889.
* James Stacey, D.D.: reminiscences and memorials, 1891.
* A handbook of Christian doctrine, 1897.
* A handbook for the Methodist New Connexion containing information of its doctrines, ministers, churches, institutions, legal relations, &c, 1899.
* Life of Oliver Cromwell: Tercentenary celebration, 1900.
* The great symbols, 1901.
* 'Sketch of the history of popular education in England and Wales', in The Free churchman's guide to the Education Act by Edmund C. Rawlings, 1902.
* As a king ready to the battle, 1904.
* The story of Methodist Union, 1905.
* (with H. B. Workman and G. Eayrs) A new history of Methodism, 1909.
# Nate Tomlinson

Nathan Richard Tomlinson (born September 20, 1990) is an American professional baseball umpire. He has been an umpire in Major League Baseball since 2020, and wears uniform number 34.

## Career

Tomlinson graduated from umpire school in 2010, and subsequently worked in the Coastal Plains and Northwoods leagues. He was hired by Minor League Baseball (MiLB) in 2011, working in the Arizona League, Northwest League, Midwest League, Florida State League, Texas League, and Pacific Coast League. He made his major league debut on August 7, 2020, at Globe Life Field. He umpired the game between the Los Angeles Angels and the Texas Rangers alongside Doug Eddings, Bill Miller, and Edwin Moscoso.
On June 14, 2022, Tomlinson was injured during the ninth inning of the game between the Angels and the Los Angeles Dodgers. He was working home plate when Mike Trout’s bat snapped at the handle during the backswing. The jagged narrow portion fit through the eye gap on Tomlinson’s facemask, hitting him in the nose and narrowly missing his left eye. He was hospitalized, and crew chief Laz Díaz filled in as home plate umpire for the remainder of the game. In a post-game interview, Dodgers manager Dave Roberts remarked that the incident was "really scary" and that the bat hitting his nose was "the best case scenario".
He was the first base umpire for Domingo Germán's perfect game on June 28, 2023.
Tomlinson was hired as a full-time MLB umpire on June 16, 2024. Prior to the 2025 season, he wore uniform number 114.

## Personal life

Tomlinson played youth baseball and began umpiring in his early teenage years. He graduated from Waupaca High School in 2009, and attended University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point as an active MiLB umpire.
# Let It Rain (Tracy Chapman album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 63/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Let It Rain is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter Tracy Chapman, released on October 15, 2002, by Elektra Records. The album was co-produced by John Parish. It produced two singles: "You're the One" and "Another Sun".

## Track listing

All songs written by Tracy Chapman.

### Cover version

* "Get up, Stand up" (on this release written without the comma) is a The Wailers cover. The song was originally released on the album Burnin' in 1973.

### Trivia

* All songs of the bonus live CD were recorded at the Tränenpalast, Berlin on December 2nd, 2002.

## Personnel

* Tracy Chapman – acoustic guitar, bass guitar, clarinet, electric guitar, lead vocals, handclapping, electric banjo
* Bill Bennet – oboe
* Matthew Brubeck – cello
* Jeremy Cohen – violin
* Linda Ghidossi de Luca – viola
* Joe Gore – acoustic guitar, piano, electric guitar, keyboard, ukulele, bazouki, gourd, lap steel guitar
* Steve Hunter – electric guitar
* Carla Kihlstedt – violin
* Greg Leisz – dobro, pedal steel, electric guitar, lap steel guitar, mando-guitar, baritone guitar
* John Parish – acoustic guitar, bass guitar, percussion, background vocals
* Andy Stoller – bass guitar
* Larry Taylor – upright bass
* Jeanie Tracy – background vocals
* Joey Waronker – percussion, drums, tambourine, handclapping, cajon, shaker
* Patrick Warren – organ, piano, accordion, keyboard, bells, tack piano

## Production

* Producers: Tracy Chapman, John Parish
* Engineer: Paul DuGre
* Mixing: Paul DuGre
* Mastering: John Cuniberti
* Photography: Jay Blakesberg
* Cover photo: Jim Herrington

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Austria (IFPI Austria) | Gold | 15,000$^*$ |
| France (SNEP) | 2× Gold | 200,000$^*$ |
| Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland) | Gold | 20,000$^^$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 60,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Organovo

Organovo Holdings, Inc. is an early-stage medical laboratory and research company which designs and develops functional, three dimensional human tissue (also known as 3D bioprinting technology) for medical research and therapeutic applications. Organovo was established in 2007 and is headquartered in San Diego, California. The company uses its internally developed NovoGen MMX Bioprinter for 3D bioprinting.

## Operations

The company bioprints and markets human tissues as a means of accelerating the preclinical drug testing and discovery process, enabling treatments to be created more quickly and at lower cost, and without immediate risks to living test subjects. Organovo has long-term expectations that this technology could be suitable for surgical therapy and transplantation. Organovo also partners with biopharmaceutical companies and academic medical centers to design, build, and validate more predictive in vitro tissues for disease modeling and toxicology. The living test tissues provide researchers the opportunity to test drugs before administering the drug to a living person; this bridges the gap between preclinical testing and clinical trials.
Organovo is actively developing its technology with the intention of eventually being able to replicate entire human organs for transplant.
As of 2014, the company's executive vice-president of commercial operations was Mike Renard.
In 2015, Organovo signed an agreement to provide processes and technology to produce 3D printed human skin to L'Oreal for use in testing the safety and efficacy of cosmetic products.
In February 2025, Eli Lilly purchased Organovo's FXR program for $10 Million.

## 3D bioprinting process

The human body is made up of different cell types and many technologies for printing these cells vary in their ability to ensure stability and viability of the cells during the manufacturing process. The methods used for 3D bioprinting of cells are photolithography, magnetic 3D bioprinting, stereolithography, and direct cell extrusion. In each process, a physical biopsy of an organ is required. Certain cells from the biopsy are isolated and multiplied. These cells are then mixed with a liquefied material that provides oxygen and other nutrients to keep them alive outside of the human body. The mixture is then placed in a printer cartridge and structured using the patients’ medical scans.

## Financing

Organovo went public on OTC markets in 2012 via a reverse merger with shell company Real Estate Restoration and Rental, Inc. In July 2013, Organovo uplisted to the NYSE MKT. The company hit of market cap high of $700m in 2013. At the time of listing, Organovo had 22.4 million shares outstanding. In 2020 there were over 130 million.

## Public Awareness

Gabor Forgacs, the scientific founder of Organovo, promoted medical bioprinting in a TEDMED presentation in 2011. He discussed how bioprinting may solve problems that pertain to organ shortages and high medical costs.
# 1956 in Sweden

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events from the year 1956 in Sweden

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Gustaf VI Adolf
* Prime Minister – Tage Erlander

## Events

* 16 September – Swedish general election
* The Husaby Affair around Florence Stephens.
* The disappearance of Gunnel Gummeson.

## Popular culture
### Sport

* Guldpucken established
* 11-17 June - The country stages the Equestrian events in the 1956 Summer Olympics because of problems with quarantine laws affecting the host city of Melbourne

### Theatre

* The Eugene O'Neill Award established

### Film

* 11 June – Seventh Heaven released
* 10 September – The Staffan Stolle Story released

## Births

* 18 March – Ingemar Stenmark, alpine skier.
* 2 May – Kenneth Johansson, politician
* 13 May – Staffan Hellstrand, rock musician, songwriter and record producer
* 23 May – Tomas Norström, actor and film director.
* 6 June – Björn Borg, tennis player
* 24 August – Clas Lindberg, film director and screenwriter
* 2 September – Marcus Wallenberg, banker and industrialist
* 8 November – Peter Lindmark, ice hockey player.
* 5 December – Peter Dalle, actor and comedian

## Deaths

* 10 March – Åke Fjästad, football player (born 1887).
* 21 March – Per Kaufeldt, football player (born 1902)
* 7 April – Sven Linderot, politician (born 1890)
* Elin Engström, politician (Social Democrat), trade unionist and women's right activist (born 1860)
* 15 April – Leonard Peterson, gymnast (born 1857)