# Arden-Arcade, California

Arden-Arcade is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sacramento County, California, United States. The population was 94,659 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous census-designated place in California. It is east of the city of Sacramento and west of the community of Carmichael.
Arden-Arcade is a principal locality of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

The first residents of what would become the Arden-Arcade area were the Nisenan, an indigenous people of the horizon period with their own language, culture, and social order.
The land was originally part of a Mexican land grant deeded to John Sutter, the Rancho del Paso grant was negotiated from the Mexican governor by Sutter. On August 10, 1843 Sutter then deeded the Rancho Del Paso to Eliab and Hiram Grimes and John Sinclair. Samuel Norris was the next owner of Rancho del Paso, then James Haggin. From 1862 to 1905, James Ben Ali Haggin owned the Rancho, where he became known for breeding race horses. One of the horses bred on the Rancho, Ben Ali, won the 12th Kentucky Derby in world record time 1886. To ship his horses, Haggin built a railroad spur from his northern paddocks (approximately where today's Hagginwood Golf Course is) toward the current Union Pacific railroad tracks, northeast of the present-day Capitol City Freeway along the beginnings of Arcade Boulevard. On that site, Haggin's staff built 24 barns with 64 stalls each plus some out buildings. It was there that he would ship his horses mostly to Kentucky, some eventually shipping around the world.
“Arden" most likely comes from the fact that Orlando Robertson, the owner of the Rancho and a developer after Haggin, was originally from Arden Hills, Minnesota. As for “Arcade,” Haggin had located the headquarters alongside the major creek that ran through the Rancho (now off Arcade Boulevard, in the South Hagginwood neighborhood of Northern Sacramento), the place name for which being designated "Arcade," after the "arcade" of the limbs to a string of shade-giving native oak trees there. The remnants of the majestic trees can still be seen though some are dead stumps. (In architecture, an arcade is a number of arches supporting a wall.)
Orlando Robertson was a land speculator who came to Sacramento after he heard about the exceptional lands of the Rancho Del Paso. He bought the Rancho in 1905 for $1.5 million for his Sacramento Colonization Company and laid out the streets and developed the tracts for sale. Robertson chose street names that reflected the inventors of the period: Watt, Edison, Howe, Bell and so on.
By 1916, given the fertile soil and excellent supply of water, Robertson sold the tracts to farming families, many of them Scandinavian immigrants newly off the boat Scandinavian. In fact, the area around Gibbons Park was known as “Little Norway” because so many Norwegian families settled there. Arden-Arcade and neighboring Carmichael were advertised as excellent areas for growing citrus, but olives, nuts and stone fruit were also farmed here. At one time, Arden-Arcade was the hop-growing region of the world.
Among the oldest surviving buildings in the area are the Arden Middle School, built in 1914, and the Del Paso Country Club, from 1919, named for the original Rancho on which it was built. The first residential neighborhoods in the area were constructed in the 1920s and the 1930s, as the city developed over the river, but the real building boom came at the end of World War II.
However, the real current face of Arden-Arcade was built between 1945 and 1970 and represents a middle-class mid-century modern community. There are also large custom-built developments dotted with homes and office complexes. Arden-Arcade features multiple googie architectural structures as well.

## Geography

Arden-Arcade is located at 38°36′19″N 121°22′47″W﻿ / ﻿38.60528°N 121.37972°W﻿ / 38.60528; -121.37972 (38.605154, -121.379750).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 17.9 square miles (46 km$^2$), of which 17.8 square miles (46 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km$^2$) of it (0.50%) is water.

### Boundaries

Arden-Arcade's northern border is formed by Auburn Boulevard and Arcade Creek, its southern border is primarily the American River, its western border is Ethan Way and its eastern border is formed by Walnut Avenue, Cypress Avenue, and Mission Avenue.

## Community
### Transportation

Arden-Arcade is served by three major highways. Interstate 80 and the Capital City Freeway are just north of the community and just to the south of the American River (the community's southern border) is U.S. Route 50. Major east-west thoroughfares include El Camino Avenue, Marconi Avenue, Arden Way, Alta Arden Expressway, and Fair Oaks Boulevard. Major north-south thoroughfares include Fulton Avenue, Watt Avenue, Howe Avenue, and Eastern Avenue.
Many of the major arterial streets that criss-cross through Arden-Arcade are named for the major inventors of the Industrial Revolution. It is assumed they were named around 1915 by Orlando Robertson, the main property owner of the historic Rancho Del Paso at the time. The street names appear as the following in the archives immediately after this time:
* Watt Avenue (James Watt - steam engine)
* Howe Avenue (Elias Howe - sewing machine)
* Whitney Avenue (Eli Whitney - cotton gin)
* Edison Avenue (Thomas Edison - light bulb)
* Marconi Avenue (Guglielmo Marconi - radio)
* Fulton Avenue (Robert Fulton - steamboat)
* Morse Avenue (Samuel Morse - telegraph)
* Bell Street (Alexander Graham Bell - telephone)

### Schools

* St. Philomene Catholic School (K-8)

#### High schools

* Encina Preparatory High School (1958)
* Sacramento Country Day School
* Mira Loma High School (1960)
* El Camino Fundamental High School (1950)
* Rio Americano High School (1963)
* Jesuit High School (1963)
Loretto High School, which opened in 1955 and closed after the 2008–2009 school year, was located in Arden-Arcade. It is now operated as an elementary through high school run by Aspire Public Schools.

### Housing

Arden-Arcade is one of the most economically and ethnically diverse communities in the Sacramento region. There are neighborhoods along the American River and the American River Parkway with million-dollar homes, including Wilhaggin, Sierra Oaks, Sierra Oaks Vista, Arden Park, Arden Oaks, and areas surrounding the Del Paso Country Club. There are also mid century neighborhoods that encompass the majority of Arden Arcade. Most if not all of these community neighborhoods were built immediately after World War II, some by award-winning architects and developers, Jere Strizek, Streng Brothers and Randolph Parks. Other community wide buildings of note are mid-century modern designed businesses, including the 1961 Country Club Lanes (Powers, Daley and DeRosa), Sam's Hof Brau (one of the few remaining original German Hof Brau Deli's still in operation), the AT&T building (Hertzka and Knowels architects 1963), an original IHOP restaurant building (Nims and Koch architects 1963 — now Guaribaldi's), Weinstocks Lubin (Charles Luckman 1961) at Country Club Plaza, Emigh Hardware, and many more. Modern Arden Arcade was completely built out between the years 1945–1965, the prime mid century period in architecture. El Camino and Watt Avenues, where these buildings reside today, were commonly referred to by the community as Downtown Arden Arcade, and in many respects, remains so even today.
A new California governor's mansion built for Ronald Reagan was in Arden-Arcade in 1984 and was sold in 2004 and is a private residence. Governors George Deukmejian, Pete Wilson, and Gray Davis each occupied the house on Lake Wilhaggin Drive in the Wilhaggin area. The house was sold in 2004 after Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger decided not to live there and instead occupied the penthouse at the Hyatt Hotel in Downtown Sacramento when he did not commute back to Brentwood, which he did most nights.

## Government
### Local
#### Incorporation plans

On November 2, 2010, area residents voted on Measure D. The measure was defeated by a margin of 76% to 24%. If approved, the area bounded by Auburn Boulevard on the north, the American River Drive, Ethan Way on the west, and Mission Avenue/Jacob Lane on the east would have become the City of Arden-Arcade. Proponents claimed that the new city would have improved services and created community pride in the City of Arden-Arcade without any new taxes. Opponents believed that revenue assumptions were risky and, if wrong, could lead to higher taxes.

#### Sacramento annexation study

As of August 24, 2010, the City of Sacramento posted on their website that they have no plans to annex Arden-Arcade.. Only the Local Area Formation Commission (LAFCo) has the regulatory authority under state law to approve or disapprove of the annexation of territory by a city (Cortese-Knox-Hertzberg Act of 2000, California Government Code Section 56000). LAFCo requires cities to keep up their general plan and look at overlapping jurisdictions. In that context, the City of Sacramento has collected information about Arden-Arcade but has not taken any steps toward incorporation, the first of which would be identifying Arden-Arcade as within its sphere of influence.
The City of Sacramento's last annexation of an inhabited area, College Greens, was in the late 1950s. While it discussed interest in Arden-Arcade in the 1960s, the City of Sacramento did not initiate formal steps toward incorporation.
In its analysis of the area as part of its general plan update, city staff noted that Arden-Arcade is "mostly built out" (see Part III of the General Plan, Community Plan and Special Study Areas, Arden-Arcade Community Plan, p. 3-AA-5 at http://www.sacgp.org/). The city has also noted that the area has significant infrastructure needs and the likelihood of community opposition to incorporation.

#### Arden-Arcade Community Planning Council

The Arden-Arcade Community Planning Council is a nine-member council that helps make decisions for the community of Arden-Arcade. These nine members are appointed by the Sacramento County Board of Supervisors.

#### Chamber of Commerce

The North Sacramento Chamber of Commerce, Greater Arden Chamber of Commerce, and Metro Chamber Arden Arcade Council all serve the business community of Arden-Arcade.

### State and federal

In the California State Legislature, Arden-Arcade is in the 6th Senate District, represented by Republican Roger Niello, and the 8th Assembly District, represented by Republican David Tangipa.
In the United States House of Representatives, Arden-Arcade is split between the 6th and 7th congressional districts.

## Demographics
### 2010

The 2010 United States census reported that Arden-Arcade had a population of 92,186. The population density was 5,144.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,986.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of Arden-Arcade was 64,688 (70.2%) White, 8,977 (9.7%) African American, 948 (1.0%) Native American, 5,152 (5.6%) Asian (1.3% Indonesian, 1.0% Chinese, 0.6% Taiwanese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.5% Korean, 0.4% Hmong, 1.3% Other), 531 (0.6%) Pacific Islander, 7,420 (8.0%) from other races, and 5,470 (5.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17,147 persons (18.6%).
The Census reported that 90,936 people (98.6% of the population) lived in households, 530 (0.6%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 720 (0.8%) were institutionalized.
There were 40,518 households, out of which 10,799 (26.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 14,307 (35.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 5,500 (13.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,154 (5.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,859 (7.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 395 (1.0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 14,575 households (36.0%) were made up of individuals, and 4,962 (12.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24. There were 21,961 families (54.2% of all households); the average family size was 2.95.
The population was spread out, with 19,288 people (20.9%) under the age of 18, 9,419 people (10.2%) aged 18 to 24, 24,240 people (26.3%) aged 25 to 44, 24,798 people (26.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 14,441 people (15.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9 males.
There were 44,813 housing units at an average density of 2,500.8 per square mile (965.6/km$^2$), of which 18,683 (46.1%) were owner-occupied, and 21,835 (53.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 11.7%. 42,822 people (46.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 48,114 people (52.2%) lived in rental housing units

### 2000

As of the census of 2000, there were 96,025 people, 42,987 households, and 23,427 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 5,084.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,963.3/km$^2$). There were 44,818 housing units at an average density of 2,373.3 per square mile (916.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 74,285 (77.4%) White, 5,779 (6.0%) African American, 920 (1.0%) Native American, 4664 (4.9%) Asian, 411 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 4,972 (5.2%) from other races, and 4,994 (5.2%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11,501 (12.0%) of the population.
There were 42,987 households, out of which 24.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.8% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.5% were non-families. 36.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.4% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $40,335, and the median income for a family was $51,152. Males had a median income of $38,935 versus $31,743 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,530. About 9.9% of families and 13.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.2% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over.