OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Management Aptitude Test

Management Aptitude Test (MAT) is a standard aptitude test conducted in India since 1998 by the All India Management Association (AIMA). MAT is used for admission to Master of Business Administration (MBA) and allied programmes by over 600 business schools across India. It was approved by the Ministry of Human Resource Development in 2003.

## Format

Candidates can choose to take either a paper-based or a computer-based test. It is conducted in either English or Hindi. Eligibility is for graduates in any discipline, though final year students of graduate courses can also apply. The test is offered four times in a year in February, May, September and December. The cost of admission was ₹1,400 (US$17) in 2017 and the test scores are valid for one year.
The tests includes 200 questions, 40 in each subject: language comprehension, mathematical skills, data analysis and sufficiency, intelligence and critical reasoning, and Indian and global environment. Time allotted is 150 minutes.
# 1410 Margret

1410 Margret, provisional designation 1937 AL, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 January 1937, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after Margret Braun, wife of the Heidelberg astronomer Heinrich Vogt.

## Orbit and classification

Margret is a member of the Eos family (606), the largest asteroid family in the outer main belt consisting of nearly 10,000 asteroids.$^{:23}$
It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.7–3.3 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,917 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.
The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as A924 RD at Simeiz Observatory in September 1924, more than 12 years prior to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.

## Physical characteristics

The asteroid's spectral type is unknown. The Eos family typically consists of K-type asteroids.$^{:23}$

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Margret measures 21.083 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.145, which agrees with the albedo of 0.14 measured for the parent body of the Eos family, 221 Eos.

### Rotation period

As of 2017, no rotational lightcurve of Margret has been obtained from photometric observations. The asteroid's rotation period, spin axis and shape remain unknown.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after Margret Braun (died 1991), wife of the Heidelberg astronomer Heinrich Vogt (1890–1968), after whom 1439 Vogtia was named. The subsequently numbered asteroid 1411 Brauna is also named after Margret Braun. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 127).
# Manaratsandry (Atsinanana)

Manaratsandry is a rural municipality located in the Atsinanana region of eastern Madagascar, It is located in the Antanambao Manampotsy (district).
# Manardi

Manardi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Raffaele Manardi (1913–?), Italian bobsledder
* Giovanni Manardo or Manardi (1462–1536), Italian physician, botanist, and humanist
# Manaria (gastropod)

Manaria is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Eosiphonidae, the true whelks and their allies.

## Species

Species within the genus Manaria include:
* Manaria astrolabis Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria atlantica (Fraussen & Hadorn, 2005)
* Manaria borbonica Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria brevicaudata (Schepman, 1911)
* Manaria burkeae Garcia, 2008
* Manaria chinoi Fraussen, 2005
* Manaria circumsonaxa Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria clandestina Bouchet & Waren, 1986
* Manaria corindoni Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria corporosis Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria excalibur Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria explicibilis Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria fluentisona Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria formosa Bouchet & Waren, 1986
* Manaria fusiformis (Clench & Aguayo, 1941)
* Manaria hadorni Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria indomaris Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria jonkeri (Koperberg, 1931)
* † Manaria koperbergae Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria kuroharai Azuma, 1960
* Manaria lirata Azuma, 1960
* Manaria loculosa Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria lozoueti Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria makassarensis Bouchet & Waren, 1986
* Manaria terryni Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria thorybopus (Bouchet & Warén, 1986)
* Manaria thurstoni Smith, 1906
* Manaria tongaensis Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* Manaria tyrotarichoides Fraussen & Stahlschmidt, 2016
* † Manaria venemai (Koperberg, 1931)

### synonyms

* Manaria callophorella Fraussen, 2004: synonym of Phaenomenella callophorella (Fraussen, 2004) (original combination)
* Manaria canetae (Clench & Aguayo, 1944): synonym of Gaillea canetae (Clench & Aguayo, 1944)
* Manaria galatheae (Powell, 1958): synonym of Aeneator galatheae Powell, 1958
* Manaria inflata Shikama, 1971: synonym of Phaenomenella inflata (Shikama, 1971) (original combination)
* Manaria insularis Okutani, 1986: synonym of Chryseofusus chrysodomoides (Schepman, 1911)
# Jesús Hernández

Jesús Hernández may refer to:

## Sportspeople
### Association football

* Jesús Hernández (footballer, born 1993), Venezuelan football forward for Carabobo
* Jesús Hernández (footballer, born August 2001), Mexican football attacking midfielder for Pachuca
* Jesús Hernández (footballer, born October 2001), Venezuelan football midfielder
* Jesús Hernández (footballer, born 2004), Mexican football forward for Elche Ilicitano

### Other sports

* Jesús Hernández Úbeda (1959–1996), Spanish cyclist
* Oro (wrestler) (Jesús Javier Hernández Silva, 1971–1993), Mexican professional wrestler
* Jesús Fernández Hernández (born 1975), Spanish basketball player
* Jesús Hernández (cyclist) (born 1981), Spanish road bicycle racer
* Jesus Hernandez (racing driver) (born 1981), developmental driver for Earnhardt Ganassi Racing
* Jesús Hernández Hernández (born 1991), Mexican Paralympic swimmer

## Other people

* Jesús Hernández Tomás (1907–1971), Spanish communist leader during the Spanish Civil War
* Jesús Sanoja Hernández (1930–2007), Venezuelan journalist, historian and writer
# Manasses (disambiguation)

Manasses is a masculine given name of ancient Hebrew origin.
Manasses, Manasseh, or Menashe may also refer to:

## People

* Tribe of Manasseh, one of the Tribes of Israel
* Manasseh (tribal patriarch), first son of Joseph
* Manasseh of Judah, king of Judah
* Menashe (surname), including a list of people with the name

## Places

* Manassas, Virginia, USA
* Plain of Manasseh, a geographical region in northern Israel

## Music

* Manassas (band), a 1970s musical group featuring Stephen Stills
* Manassas (album), a 1972, debut LP album, featuring Stephen Stills and the band of the same name

## Other

* Prayer of Manasseh, penitential prayer of king Manasseh of Judah
# 112

112 may refer to:
* 112 (number), the natural number following 111 and preceding 113
* 112 (band), an American R&B quartet from Atlanta, Georgia
** 112 (album), album from the band of the same name
* 112 (emergency telephone number), the standard emergency phone number in the European Union and on GSM cellphones
* 112 BC, a year
* AD 112, a year of the Julian calendar
* Copernicium, an element with atomic number 112
* 112 (MBTA bus)
* 112 (New Jersey bus)
* KFM 112M aircraft engine
* Thai Criminal Code section 112, see Lèse majesté in Thailand
* 112 Iphigenia, a main-belt asteroid
# Sōchin

Sōchin (壯鎭) (Japanese: "Tranquil Force", or "Preserve the Peace") is a kata practiced in several styles of karate. It may have derived from Dragon style kung fu, and was taught in the Naha-te school in Okinawa by Seisho Arakaki. It was then passed down to Shitō-ryū. Later, a variation of it was introduced into the Shotokan style by Gichin Funakoshi's son, Yoshitaka. Some branches of Tang Soo Do have added it to their curriculum under the name "Sojin".
The rhythm of the kata is dynamic, characterized by slow, deliberate movements interspersed with explosive bursts of speed. In the Shotokan version of the kata, the dominant stance is sōchin-dachi aka fudo-dachi (rooted stance). In the Shitō-ryū version, it employs several stances including nekoashi-dachi (cat stance) and zenkutsu dachi (front stance). Rhythm is important in its execution. This kata has been said to develop chi/ki energy.
Sōchin is practiced in Shuri Style Karate, not from Naha Style.
# Whiteville

Whiteville may refer to a place in the United States:
* Whiteville, Louisiana
* Whiteville, North Carolina
* Whiteville, Tennessee
* Whiteville, Virginia
# Anglican Diocese of Ogbomoso

The Anglican Diocese of Ogbomoso is one of 17 within the Anglican Province of Ibadan, itself one of 14 provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The current bishop is Matthew Osunade.
The diocese was established in 2005.
# Marc Remus

Marc Remus (born 28 November 1969, in Frankfurt) is a German Neo-pop artist, painter, and illustrator. He works mainly in mixed media, acrylic, watercolor, tea and coffee. Remus is known for his cityscapes and has painted over hundred cities, mainly in Europe and North America.

## Biography

Marc Remus grew up in Germany. With many relatives living in the North America he moved to the United States early where he graduated from an art high-school. In the early 90s he moved again, this time to Japan where he studied Sumi-E painting and woodblock printing. Upon his return to the United States he was accepted into Art Center College of Design in Pasadena/California. In 1996 he graduated with a degree in art. After having spent some time in Central America he started free-lancing in Europe and the United States. He illustrated various covers for children's magazines (e.g. Cicada magazine).
In 2002 Remus began his first series of cityscapes called Impressions of Cities and Countries. Since then he has painted over 100 images of California, German, and Japanese cities. Many galleries and cities in Germany commissioned Remus to paint their city.
After the diagnosis of cancer in 2006 Remus changed his painting style from more traditional, realistic painting to the colorful, vivid Neo-pop art. Remus began to focus on big cities around the world and named the series Fun Cities.
Remus is expanding the series to countries and has won the battle against the disease.

## Work

* Children's Illustrations, Mixed Media (starting in 1998)
* Impressions of Cities and Countries, Watercolors, Acrylics, Tea & Coffee (starting in 2002)
* Fun Cities and Countries, Acrylics (starting in 2006)
* The Red Window, Acrylics (starting in 2010)
# Tamaki Daido

Tamaki Daido (大道 珠貴, Daidō Tamaki, born 1966) is a Japanese writer. She has won the Kyushu Arts Festival Literary Prize, the Bunkamura Deux Magots Literary Prize, and the Akutagawa Prize.

## Early life and education

Daido was born in Fukuoka, Japan and graduated from Fukuoka Central High School. Her father worked for the Japan Self-Defense Forces. She worked as a radio scriptwriter for several years before focusing on writing novels.

## Career

In 2000 her first published story Hadaka (裸, Naked) won the Kyushu Arts Festival Literary Prize and was nominated for the Akutagawa Prize, but did not win. Two years later, after three more Akutagawa Prize nominations, Daido won the 128th Akutagawa Prize for Shoppai doraibu (しょっぱいドライブ, Salty Drive), a novel about a relationship between a younger woman and older man. In 2005 Taeko Tomioka selected Daido as the winner of the Bunkamura Deux Magots Literary Prize for Kizuguchi ni wa uokka (傷口にはウオッカ, Vodka for Wounds). An English translation of her short story "Milk" was published in the 2006 anthology "Inside" and Other Short Fiction. Since 2011 Daido has contributed a regular column to the Asahi Shimbun.
Daido has never married, and has claimed that marriage, children, or any particular sexual preference would constrain her ability to live her own life.

## Recognition

* 2000 30th Kyushu Arts Festival Literary Prize
* 2003 128th Akutagawa Prize (2002下)
* 2005 Bunkamura Deux Magots Literary Prize

## Works
### In Japanese

* Somuko ko (背く子), Kodansha, 2001, ISBN 9784062102957
* Hadaka (裸, Naked), Bungeishunjū, 2002, ISBN 9784163213408
* Shoppai doraibu (しょっぱいドライブ, Salty Drive), Bungeishunjū, 2003, ISBN 9784163217604
* Gin no sara ni kin no ringo o (銀の皿に金の林檎を), Futabasha, 2003, ISBN 9784575234664
* Hisashiburi ni sayõnara (ひさしぶりにさようなら), Kodansha, 2003, ISBN 9784062119269
* Miruku (ミルク, Milk), Chuokoron-Shinsha, 2004, ISBN 9784120035685
* Suteki (素敵, Lovely), Kobunsha, 2004, ISBN 9784334924485
* Kizuguchi ni wa uokka (傷口にはウオッカ, Vodka for Wounds), Kodansha, 2005, ISBN 9784062127387
* Tama tama-- (たまたま--), Asahi Shimbunsha, 2005, ISBN 9784022500212
* Ushiromuki de arukō (後ろ向きで步こう), Bungeishunjū, 2005, ISBN 9784163241807
* Hana to umi (ハナとウミ), Futabasha, 2005, ISBN 9784575235357
* Kesaran pasaran (ケセランパサラン), Shōgakukan, 2006, ISBN 9784093861700
* Chõ ka ga ka (蝶か蛾か, Butterfly or Moth?), Bungeishunjū, 2006, ISBN 9784163256009
* Oni ga kita (オニが来た), Kobunsha, 2007, ISBN 9784334925352
* Shokkingu pinku (ショッキングピンク, Shocking Pink), Kodansha, 2007, ISBN 9784062142427
* Rippa ni narimashitaka (立派になりましたか?), Futabasha, 2008, ISBN 9784575236019
* Kireigoto (きれいごと), Bungeishunjū, 2011, ISBN 9784163810508
* Bonnō no ko (煩悩の子), Futabasha, 2015, ISBN 9784575238990

### In English

* "Milk", trans. Louise Heal Kawai, "Inside" and Other Short Fiction, 2006
# Talk im Turm

Talk im Turm was a weekly talk show that dealt with political and social topics, primarily with a focus on Germany. Mostly German politicians or public figures were invited. The talk was broadcast on Sundays at 22:00 in the length of one hour. It was produced for Sat.1 first in Bonn and later in Berlin and ran for almost a decade from 1990 to 1999.

## Overview

In 1990 Florian Fischer-Fabian and Heidi Schüller presented the show together, in the course of the year they were replaced by Erich Böhme and Sandra Maischberger. Maischberger left the programme after a year.
Erich Böhme remained the main moderator for eight years. In 1998, Sat.1 director Fred Kogel did not see how Böhme could fit into the then new, youthful concept of the station. For example, Böhme hosted the last Talk im Turm programme for the Bundestag elections on 27 September 1998 at the age of 68. Already at the end of 1997 Böhme became co-host of the programme Der Grüne Salon at Heinz Eggert's side at the n-tv news channel. From 2000, Böhme continued a similar broadcasting format with Talk in Berlin.
Who would succeed Böhme at Sat.1 was unclear for a long time. Finally, Der Spiegel editor-in-chief Stefan Aust took over the programme and moderated Talk im Turm from the end of 1998 to the beginning of 1999, during which time further political programmes such as Sabine Christiansen, with which the Sat.1 format was in competition, were established in the public broadcasters (ARD/ZDF). At the beginning of 1999, the production of Talk im Turm was discontinued on Sat.1 after nine years of broadcasting due to a lack of viewer response and poor feature-literature reviews.
In 2002 there was another short comeback of the show. On the occasion of the Bundestag elections, Erich Böhme presented five programmes entitled Talk im Turm – Spezial zur Wahl, which were broadcast every Monday from 26 August to 23 September at 12:15. Günther Jauch and Harald Schmidt were guests in the last programme.
The news magazine Der Spiegel reported in its issue of 10 May 2010 that Sat.1 wanted to re-release Talk im Turm with Hans Werner Kilz as presenter. On December 15, 2010, however, kress.de announced that Helmut Markwort should anchor Talk im Turm. After both cancelled, Claus Strunz and Hajo Schumacher were in discussion as moderators. Sat.1 finally decided against a new edition of Talk im Turm. Instead, a political talk show with a new concept has been broadcast since 21 March 2011. This was titled Eins gegen Eins which was present by Claus Strunz and ran until 2013.

## Presenters

* Florian Fischer-Fabian (1990)
* Heidi Schüller (1990)
* Erich Böhme (1990–1998)
* Sandra Maischberger (1991)
* Gero von Boehm (1991)
* Stefan Aust (1998–1999)
# Ward Hunt Ice Shelf

The Ward Hunt Ice Shelf is the largest ice shelf in the Arctic, located near Ward Hunt Island, on the north coast of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. During the 20th century the Ellesmere Ice Shelf broke up into six separate shelves, the largest being Ward Hunt. Ward Hunt Ice Shelf is currently about 400 km$^2$ (150 sq mi) in size, and has been in place for approximately 4,000 years as part of a continuous ice shelf that encompassed the northern coast of Ellesmere Island until the beginning of the twentieth century. In 2005 one of the other shelves, the 65 km$^2$ (25 sq mi) Ayles Ice Shelf, calved completely.
The Ellesmere ice shelf was documented by the British Arctic Expedition of 1875–76, in which Lieutenant Pelham Aldrich's party went from Cape Sheridan (82.47°N, 61.50°W) west to Cape Alert (82.27°N, 85.55°W), including the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf. Reports from Robert Peary's expedition in 1906 described a “broad glacial fringe” covering much of the coast of northwestern Ellesmere Island.
The Ward Hunt ice sheet began breaking up approximately 100 years ago, but was believed to have stabilized by the early 1980s. However, in April 2000, satellite images revealed that a large crack in the ice had begun to form, and in 2003, it was announced that the ice sheet had split completely in two in 2002, releasing a huge pool of fresh water from the largest epishelf lake in the Northern Hemisphere, located in Disraeli Fjord. In April 2008, it was discovered that the shelf was fractured into dozens of deep, multi-faceted cracks. In late July 2008, it was announced that nearly 21 km$^2$ (8 sq mi) broke away from the shelf. In August 2010, another 50 km$^2$ (19 sq mi) calved off from the northeast quarter of the ice shelf.
The icebergs released by the breakup now pose a potential danger to shipping and offshore development in the region. Loss of microbial ecosystems caused by the release of the freshwater may also have far-ranging ecological impacts.
The breakup of the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf is tied to steady and dramatic increases in the average temperature of the region over the past centuries, correlated with long term global warming resulting from the ongoing warming since the last ice age ended at the start of the Holocene period.
Al Gore mentions the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf in his 2007 documentary An Inconvenient Truth.
# Kiss Kiss Bang Bang (EP)

Kiss Kiss Bang Bang is an EP by Glassjaw originally released in 1997 on 2 Cents A Pop label. In 2001, it was re-released without a label attached to it.
It was recorded at Brass Giraffe Studio in New York when vocalist Daryl Palumbo was 18 years old.

## Track listing

All lyrics written by Daryl Palumbo. All music written by Glassjaw.
The song "Vermont Connection/The Chapter 7 Test" ends at 5:30. After 1 minute of silence (5:30 - 6:30), begins an untitled hidden track: it is a poem recited by Daryl Palumbo:
This is a new garden over old flowers, and old makes old jokes take on the feel of the lore. And new lips cradled sense of humor, so don't waste wishes on him. Wish that one day they'd figure out how to shrink stars and I could keep one in my bedroom. And wish that me and her could grow old together. And wish that in my next life I come back as a tiger. These are fun wishes. In about seven minutes you can start. 'Til then, you'll just listen to the radio from seat's edge. As if then it's the look on your face. As if, as if then you'll matter, and then I can't wait.

## Personnel
### Glassjaw

* Daryl Palumbo – lead vocals
* Justin Beck – drums
* Ariel Telford– bass
* Todd Weinstock – rhythm guitar
* Kris Baldwin – lead guitar

### Additional personnel

* Brian Meehan – backing vocals on track 3
* Craig Randall – production, mixing
* Shawn Baphy – mixing
* Scott Anthony – mastering
# Warren Hoburg

Warren Woodrow "Woody" Hoburg (born September 16, 1985) is an American engineer and NASA astronaut.

## Early life and education

Warren Hoburg was born on September 16, 1985, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Jim and Peggy Hoburg. While attending North Allegheny High School he participated in the first-ever Team America Rocketry Challenge and competed in the national finals. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautics and astronautics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2008. He earned a Master of Science in 2011, followed by a Ph.D. in 2013, in electrical engineering and computer science at the University of California, Berkeley.

## Academic career

After completing his doctorate, Hoburg worked in product development at Boeing until 2014, when he became an assistant professor at MIT. He served as a sponsor for the capstone project Jungle Hawk Owl, which is a UAV sponsored by the US Air Force. He also manages the geometric programming Python package GPKit.

## NASA career

In 2017, Hoburg was selected as an astronaut candidate in NASA Astronaut Group 22, and began the two-year training in August. In December 2020 he was announced as one of the eighteen NASA astronauts selected as part of the Artemis Program for a lunar mission in 2024.
He was the pilot of SpaceX Crew-6 that launched on March 2, 2023.

## Personal life

Hoburg is an avid rock climber, mountaineer, and pilot. He has previously worked with Yosemite Search & Rescue and the Bay Area Mountain Rescue Unit.

## Awards and honors

Hoburg was a National Science Foundation research fellow from 2009 to 2013, and is a two-time recipient of the AIAA Aeronautics and Astronautics Teaching Award.
# Angela Richards

Angela Richards (born 18 December 1944) is an English actress. A graduate of RADA, she is also known for her body of work in musical theatre.

## Biography
### Theatre

Richards has starred in several West End productions such as Robert and Elizabeth (her debut in 1964), Cats (following Elaine Paige as Grizabella), High Society, Blood Brothers, Cole and the title role in Liza of Lambeth. Later musical theatre work includes: Dorothy Fields Forever and Call Me Merman.
In March 2006, over two nights at the King's Head Theatre, Richards returned to the songs she created for Secret Army, in a show entitled An Evening at Le Candide, which was subsequently made into a studio-recorded CD. Between September 2007 and June 2008 she appeared as Fraulein Schneider in the musical Cabaret in London's West End opposite Julian Clary and Amy Nuttall.

### Television

Richards is best known to television viewers for her leading role in the BBC drama Secret Army (1977–79), set during the Second World War in which she played Monique Duchamps, member of the Belgian Resistance and resident chanteuse at the restaurant Le Candide. She reprised her role of Monique in Secret Army's follow up series Kessler (1981).
Richards starred as Sheila Jones, private secretary to the roguish Cecil Caine in the Minder episode "Senior Citizen Caine" (1984). Her other television credits include Villette, Candide (a BBC Play of the Month, 1973), King of the Castle (1977), Across the Lake (1988) with Anthony Hopkins and Hetty Wainthrop Investigates (1996).
# Warren Municipal Airport

Warren Municipal Airport may refer to:
* Warren Municipal Airport (Arkansas) in Warren, Arkansas, United States (FAA: 3M9)
* Warren Municipal Airport (Minnesota) in Warren, Minnesota, United States (FAA: D37)