OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gmina Piaski, Lublin Voivodeship

Gmina Piaski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdnik County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Piaski, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Świdnik and 23 km (14 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
The gmina covers an area of 169.73 square kilometres (65.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,759 (out of which the population of Piaski amounts to 2,626, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,133).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Piaski, Gmina Piaski contains the villages and settlements of Borkowszczyzna, Brzezice, Brzezice Pierwsze, Brzeziczki, Bystrzejowice A, Bystrzejowice B, Bystrzejowice Pierwsze, Emilianów, Gardzienice Drugie, Gardzienice Pierwsze, Giełczew, Jadwisin, Janówek, Józefów, Kawęczyn, Kębłów, Klimusin, Kolonia Kębłów, Kolonia Siedliszczki, Kolonia Wola Piasecka, Kozice Dolne, Kozice Dolne-Kolonia, Kozice Górne, Majdan Brzezicki, Majdan Kawęczyński, Majdan Kozic Dolnych, Majdan Kozic Górnych, Majdanek Kozicki, Marysin, Młodziejów, Nowiny, Piaski Górne, Siedliszczki, Stefanówka, Wierzchowiska Drugie, Wierzchowiska Pierwsze, Wola Gardzienicka, Wola Piasecka and Żegotów.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Piaski is bordered by the gminas of Fajsławice, Głusk, Jabłonna, Krzczonów, Mełgiew, Milejów, Rybczewice and Trawniki.
# General Belgrano, Buenos Aires

General Belgrano is a town in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is the administrative seat of General Belgrano Partido. The provincial subdivision has a population of about 16,000 inhabitants in an area of 1,843 km2 (712 sq mi), and General Belgrano, which is located 162 km (101 mi) from Buenos Aires, is considered to be its capital city.

## Notable people

* Leandro Testa (born 1976), former footballer
# Juan de Esteyneffer

Juan de Esteyneffer (March 4, 1664 – 1716) was a Moravian German lay Jesuit missionary sent to the New World. He is known for his 1711 work Florilegio Medicinal, which compiled a combination of New World traditional medicine, European materia medica, and 18th-century European medical diagnosis.
Esteyneffer was born in Iglau, Moravia. His original German name is unclear; Juan de Esteyneffer was its rendering in Spanish, and the last name is also variously given as Steinhofer, Steinhöfer, Steinheffer, Steineffer, or Estainefer. He joined the Jesuits on September 27, 1686, and studied pharmacy in Brno. He was sent to the Jesuit College at Chihuahua to help care for elderly and ill missionaries. While there, he compiled the Florilegio medicinal, completing it in 1711, with a first publication in 1712 (Mexico: Heirs of J. J. Guillena Carrascoso, 1712). The work combined traditional European and New World medical lore with what was then modern medical science, and anthropologist Margarita Artschwager Kay posits that it served to standardize herbal therapy in Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States.
Esteyneffer died in 1716, while visiting Sonora.
# Başlı, Besni

Başlı is a village in the Besni District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 238 (2021).
The hamlets of Akdere and Dereiçi are attached to the village.
# Hole accumulation diode

A Hole accumulation diode (HAD) is an electronic noise reduction device in a charge-coupled device (CCD) or CMOS imaging sensor, patented by the Sony Corporation. HAD devices function by reducing dark current that occur in the absence of light falling on the imager for noise reduction and enhanced image quality.
HAD CCDs are used in consumer and professional single and three-chip video cameras.

## Operation

The "hole" refers to places in a semiconductor where an electron has been dislodged, thus creating a positive charge. These "holes" or positive charges can be created by heat or imperfections in the creation of the imaging chip. The "holes" are accumulated, or trapped, in a separate semiconductor layer that acts as a diode that prevents them from returning or creating noise. HAD technology suppresses the fixed pattern noise that results from "dark" current that occurs regardless of the amount of absorbed light. By fabricating a hole-accumulation layer below the surface of the CCD, "dark" current can be suppressed at the source.
# Iotrochota birotulata

Iotrochota birotulata, commonly known as the green finger sponge, is a species of sea sponge in the family Iotrochotidae. It is found in shallow waters in the Caribbean Sea.

## Description

The green finger sponge usually has upright or sprawling cylindrical branches that occasionally divide. The branches are about 4 centimetres (1.6 in) in diameter and can grow to 50 centimetres (20 in) in length. Young individuals and some large specimens have an encrusting habit. They grow over the surface of a rock in a layer a few millimetres thick with occasional short chimney-like outgrowths. Other individuals have a number of vertical tubes, each with a large opening called an osculum at the end. These variations in growth habit led to the belief that several different species of sponge were involved. However, specimens growing in reef caves often have an encrusting base with a central, finger-like cluster of branches, so it is now believed that the different forms are a single species, perhaps differing in structure because of different environmental conditions. In the branched form, the osculi are found on the upper side of the branches and may be slightly raised above the surrounding tissue. The consistency of the sponge is soft but resilient, and when squeezed, it exudes a purple fluid. The general colour of the sponge is purplish black but there is often a layer of bright green cells on the epidermis. These have dendritic patterns on the surface and cover sub-surface canals which lead to the osculi.

## Distribution and habitat

The green finger sponge is found in the Caribbean Sea at depths varying from 2 to 15 metres (6 ft 7 in to 49 ft 3 in). Its range includes the West Indies, the Bahamas, southern Florida, Venezuela and northern Brazil, but it is absent from Bermuda. It inhabits reefs, the deeper water outside the reef crests and the underside and surfaces of rocks in shallow bays.

## Biology

The golden zoanthid (Parazoanthus swiftii), a colonial coral, is often found twined round the sponge in a symbiotic relationship. The polyps look like small sea anemones and contain toxins which deter predatory fish from eating the sponge. The coral benefits from the increased volume of food particles its polyps can capture as water is drawn through fine pores into the sponge.
# Batasingaram

Batasingaram is a village in Ranga Reddy district in Telangana, India. It falls under Abdullapur mandal. It is very close to the Outer Ring Road, Hyderabad.

## Batasingaram Logistic park

The Batasingaram Logistic Park, an inter-city truck terminal, would be coming up on a 40-acre site few km from Outer Ring Road (ORR) towards Vijayawada at an estimated cost of Rs.35crore.
# Bernd Baumgart

Bernd Baumgart (born 3 July 1955) is a German rower who competed for East Germany in the 1976 Summer Olympics.
He was born in Wittenberg. In 1976, he was a crew member of the East German boat, which won the gold medal in the men's eight event.
# Haplorhynchites planifrons

Haplorhynchites planifrons is a species of leaf rolling weevil in the beetle family Attelabidae. It is found in North America.
# C30H46O3

The molecular formula C$_{30}$H$_{46}$O$_3$ (molar mass: 454.68 g/mol, exact mass: 454.3447 u) may refer to:
* Moronic acid
* Testosterone buciclate
* Testosterone undecylenate (TUe)
# Jim Massey

Jim Massey is an American humorist, bookmaker, and comic book writer. He is most famous for his work on Death Takes a Holiday, Maintenance and Stephen Colbert's Tek Jansen.
# General Belgrano de Santa Rosa

Club General Belgrano de Santa Rosa is a football team from Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina.

## Background

Club Defensores de Belgrano was founded on 28 April 1919 in Santa Rosa, the capital of the La Pampa Province. The club name was later shortened to Club General Belgrano and the nickname of Tricolores was adopted reflecting the three colours of black, red and white on the club shirt.
The team's original league was the Liga Cultural de Fútbol de La Pampa. From 1995/96 to 2000/01 the club spent 6 seasons in the Torneo Argentino A.
The club is located in Av. Belgrano Norte 730 in the neighborhood Villa Alonso. There is a sports/leisure hall, a buffet, a swimming pool, a stadium (known as Nuevo Rancho Grande) with a capacity of around 12,000 people, training facilities and a BMX track.
The club has won 9 local championships of the Liga Cultural making it the third most successful club in the province behind local neighbours Club Atlético All Boys (33 championships) and Atlético Santa Rosa (10 championships).

## Honours

* Liga Cultural de Fútbol de La Pampa Champions: 1930, 1932, 1952, 1978, 1997, 1998, 2002, 2008 and 2009 (9 occasions).
# Newfield, Highland

Newfield is a small hamlet in eastern Ross-shire, in the Highland area of Scotland. Newfield is located 3 miles south of Tain.
# Başmakçı, Burdur

Başmakçı is a village in the Burdur District of Burdur Province in Turkey. Its population is 240 (2021).
# Virginia Department of Taxation

The Virginia Department of Taxation is the executive branch agency of the state government responsible for taxation in the state of Virginia in the United States.

## Background

Established by the Virginia General Assembly in 1950, the agency is headquartered in Richmond, Virginia and is overseen by the Virginia Secretary of Finance, with day-to-day operations led by a Tax Commissioner appointed by the Governor of Virginia. The mission of the agency is to "serve the public by acting ethically and efficiently in our administration of Virginia’s tax laws."
The agency is currently led by Craig M. Burns, who has served as Tax Commissioner since November 2010
# Ira Tiffen

Ira Alan Tiffen (born December 24, 1951, in Brooklyn, New York) is an optics designer and glass artist who worked at the Tiffen Company from 1973 to 2004. He has been the recipient of both an Academy Award and an Emmy Award for his technical achievements in motion picture photography and video imaging.

## Early life

Ira Tiffen was born in Brooklyn, New York, to Nathan and Helen Tiffen. His father was born February 19, 1925, and his mother was born April 13, 1929. He started his career at 19 years of age working at Tiffen on his vacation time, making filters in the lab. When he graduated from New York University with a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering in 1973, he began his full-time job at Tiffen managing the department for laminating filter glass.

## Later career

Ira Tiffen worked in various departments of Tiffen, specializing in manufacturing and product development, and eventually became the vice president of research and development in the late 1980s. He would later go on to receive an honorary doctorate from Columbia College. He left Tiffen in 2004, and in 2007 began making glass art as a glass artist. In 2012 he took on the position of Vice President of Motion Picture Filters at Schneider Kreuznach. In 2015, he was interviewed by the RocketJump Film School.

## Awards

In 1993, Tiffen was awarded with the Academy Award for Technical Achievement for the production of the Ultra Contrast Filter Series.
In 1998, Tiffen, along with his father and brother, were presented the Emmy Engineering Award for their contributions to the design and manufacturing of camera lens filters. More specifically, the award was for the Tiffen laminating process, which involves fusing together two layers of clear glass using a micro-thin bonding layer, which the award description says "provided the basis for an unprecedented level of color, contrast, resolution, and flare control".
Since 1988, he has been the author of a Camera Filters section in the American Cinematographer Manual. Tiffen has been an Associate Member of the American Society of Cinematographers (ASC) since 1992, and a Fellow of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) since 2002.
# HMS Polyphemus (1840)

HMS Polyphemus was an Alecto-class sloop designed by Sir William Symonds, Surveyor of the Navy. Originally classed as a steam vessel (SV3), her classification would be changed to a Third Class Sloop. She initially served in the Mediterranean, west coast of Africa and the Baltic. She was wrecked on the Baltic side Jutland on 29 January 1856.
Polyphemus was the second named vessel since it was used for a 64-gun third rate, launched at Sheerness Dockyard on 27 April 1782, converted to a powder hulk in September 1813 and her breaking was completed at Chatham on 15 September 1827.

## Construction

She was ordered on 25 February 1839 from Chatham Dockyard with her keel laid in February 1840. She was launched on 28 September. Following her launch she was towed to Limehouse to have her boilers and machinery fitted. She returned to Chatham and was completed for sea on 24 April 1841 at an initial cost of £27,596 including the hull cost of £13,198 and machinery cost of £10,700.

## Commissioned service
### First commission

Her first commission started on 25 February 1841 under the command of Lieutenant John Evans, RN for service in the Mediterranean. Lieutenant Evans died on 21 February 1843. Lieutenant Thomas Spark, RN took command two days later on the 23rd. The 23rd of April 1846 a new commander, Commander James Johnstone M'Cleverty, RN took and command and was assigned to the Channel Squadron. She was later returned to the Mediterranean where she rescued the brig Three Sisters from Rif Tribesmen on 8 November 1846. She changed commanders on 28 December 1848 to Commander Richard Borough Crawford, RN. She paid off on 11 April 1849 upon her return to Home Waters. She was repaired at Deptford and Woolwich at a cost of £16,601.

### Second commission

She was commissioned on 16 February 1852 under Commander Charles Gerrans Phillips for service on the west coast of Africa, She returned and paid off at Portsmouth on 23 September 1854.

### Third commission

She was commissioned under Commander Frederick Pelham Warren, RN for service in the Baltic on 22 October 1855.

## Disposition

She was wrecked on a steep sandy beach seven miles from Hansholme on the Baltic Coast of Jutland on 29 January 1856. She lost 27 members of her crew in the mishap. Her wreck was sold for £467.
# Bernd Behr

Bernd Behr (born 1976) is a Taiwanese artist based in London.

## Biography

Born in Hamburg in 1976 and raised in Malaysia, Behr studied at San José State University, California and Goldsmiths, University of London, London.
Behr was shortlisted for the 2003 Beck's Futures prize at the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London. His work can be seen as a cultural archaeology of sites and events which share confluent histories of art, cinema and the built environment. He works across video, photography and sculpture to explore a dialogue between documentary and constructed approaches to his subjects and the associative, sometimes fictional, histories that emerge from them.
Behr currently teaches on the BA (Hons) Photography course at Camberwell College of Arts, University of the Arts London.

## Selected exhibitions and screenings

* 2010
** COMMA 17: Bernd Behr, Bloomberg Space, London
** UR-NOW: The Ruins of the Contemporary, Whitstable Biennale, Whitstable
** Ça Va: A Prefabricated Movie Theatre by Berger&Berger, 12th International Architecture Exhibition, La Biennale di Venezia, Venice
** America Deserta, Parc Saint Léger Centre d'Art Contemporain, Pougues-les-Eaux, France
** Territories of the In/Human, Württembergischer Kunstverein, Stuttgart, Germany
* 2009
** Gets Under the Skin, Storefront for Art and Architecture, New York
* 2008
** House without a Door, High Desert Test Sites, California
** Bernd Behr & Mie Olise Kjaergaard, Alexia Goethe Gallery, London
* 2007
** House without a Door, E-raum, Cologne
** Overtake, Lewis Glucksman Gallery, Cork, Ireland
** Ice Trade, Chelsea Space, London
* 2006
** House without a Door, Chisenhale Gallery, London
** Decline and Vision, European Kunsthalle/Art Cologne, Cologne
** Fordham, Netwerk Centre for Contemporary Art, Aalst, Belgium
* 2005
** we live in this concrete basin, S1 Artspace, Sheffield
* 2004
** Bernd Behr / Charles Ellis, Rachmaninoff's, London
** Things to Come, Flaca, London
* 2003
** Beck's Futures, Institute of Contemporary Arts, London
** Charlie's Place, Annely Juda Fine Art, London
** Someplace Unreachable, Ibid Projects, London
* 2002
** We Want Out, Melbourne
** The Way to Happiness, VTO Gallery, London
* 2001
** Cargo Fever, Fordham Gallery, London
# USS Firm

Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Firm:
* USS Firm (AM-98), was redesignated PC-1602 on 1 June 1944
* USS Firm (AM-444), was launched 15 April 1953 and later redesignated MSO-444
# C30H46NO7P

The molecular formula C$_{30}$H$_{46}$NO$_7$P (molar mass: 563.66 g/mol, exact mass: 563.3012 u) may refer to:
* Ceronapril, a phosphonate ACE inhibitor that was never marketed
* Fosinopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
# Jessica Heafey

Jessica Heafey is a Canadian actress. She was born March 7, 1983, in Canada and graduated from Dalhousie University with a Bachelor of Arts.

## Career

Jessica started her acting career in 2000 at Presentation House Theatre and Theatre la Seizieme.
She is a theatrical actress that works in film, television, and has been assistant to director. She does voices in not only English, but French as well. Heafey began her professional acting career in 2000, and has since appeared in film, short films, and TV series. Heafey starred in A Night for Dying Tiger (2010), Earthstorm (2006), Mordu (2007), and For Better or for Worse (Season 1 Episode 1-16 in 2000). She has also guest starred in Supernatural (Season 6 Episode 1,2,7, and 16 in 2010-2011), M.V.P. (Season 1 episode 6 and 9 in 2008), Jeremiah (Season 1 Episode 13). She is also affiliated with the Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists.

### Supernatural

Heafey is most known for her role on Supernatural, where she plays the role of Gwen Campbell, who is a hunter and a cousin to Dean and Sam Winchester. Jessica Heafey appears in 4 episodes in the 6th season. In "Exile on Main Street", Dean gets back into hunting and reunites with Sam. Sam reveals that he has been hunting for a year with the Campbells, which included Gwen. In "Two and Half Men" the Winchesters arrive with a baby Shapeshifter. The Alpha Shapeshifter arrives and overpowers Gwen as well as the others. In "Family matters" she is told to stay back with Dean to wait for any Vampires that double back. Dean and Gwen fight a vampire down, and when Dean disobeys his order, Gwen tells a lie to cover for him. At the end of the episode Gwen shows who she is loyal to when she holds the Winchesters at gunpoint. In "...And Then There Were None", Gwen and the Campbells are investigating murders when they run into Bobby, Rufus, Sam and Dean. The creator responsible for the murders infects Dean, who kills Gwen.
# Ministry of Economy and Finance

Ministry of Economy and Finance or Ministry of Finance and Economy may refer to:
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Benin)
* Ministry of Finance and Economy (Brunei)
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Cambodia)
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Ecuador)
* Ministry of the Economy and Finance (France)
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Haiti)
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Italy)
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Ivory Coast) [fr]
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Peru)
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (South Korea)
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (Spain)
# Julia Langdon

Julia Mary Langdon (born July 1946) is a British journalist and writer.
A political journalist since 1971, she became a lobby correspondent in 1974. Leaving The Guardian in 1984, she was appointed political editor of the Daily Mirror, the first woman to hold the position on a national newspaper in the UK. Later, Langdon was political editor of The Sunday Telegraph. Having children, however, was one of the reasons she left the parliamentary lobby in the 1990s.
Langdon has been a freelance writer since 1992, and has written a biography of the Labour politician Mo Mowlam (2000) and is writing a biography of former Prime Minister Gordon Brown. She has also worked as a broadcaster for the BBC. She presented a programme on BBC Radio 4 about the recruitment of female spies, which featured an interview with Eliza Manningham-Buller former head of The Security Service. In the programme Langdon revealed that she had been approached at school to work for the secret services.
# Başmakçı, Ulukışla

Başmakçı is a village in Ulukışla District, Niğde Province, Turkey. Its population is 189 (2022). It has been identified as the site of ancient Faustinopolis.
# Vinyl norbornene

Vinyl norbornene (VNB) is an organic compound that consists of a vinyl group attached to norbornene. It is a colorless liquid. The compound exists as endo and exo isomers, but these are not typically separated. It is an intermediate in the production of the commercial polymer EPDM. It is prepared by the Diels–Alder reaction of butadiene and cyclopentadiene.

## Safety

LD$_{50}$ is 0.10–0.05 mg/kg (intravenous, female rabbit). It is also a neurotoxin.
# Iridomyrmex cyaneus

Iridomyrmex cyaneus is a species of ant in the genus Iridomyrmex. Described by Wheeler in 1915, these ants prefer dry desert like habitats in Australia, ranging from New South Wales to South Australia and Western Australia.
# Battle of Siranaya

The Battle of Siranaya was fought between the Philippines and the United States during the Philippine–American War. Leonard Wood led a force against Datu Ali in the Cotabato Valley in retaliation for refusing to obey an antislavery law.$^{:110}$ Wood used a force of five companies and an artillery battery with a 3.2 inch piece to attack Ali's cotta and several thousand Moros.$^{:110–111}$ The cotta surrendered after two days of American shelling but not before Ali and most of his men fled.$^{:112}$
The Moros left behind 21 Spanish cannons and 72 lantakas.$^{:112}$ Secretary of War William Taft criticized Wood afterwards for the excessive use of force and brutality.$^{:112}$