OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Galerucella placida

Galerucella placida, is a species of leaf beetle found in South Asia, Southeast Asia and Australia. It is widely used as a bio-control agent in many rice and wheat fields to control weeds.

## Description

Adult female is larger than male. Adult male is about 5.60 mm in length whereas adult female is 6.25 mm in length. Total life cycle of the beetle ranges from 21 days.
Eggs are bright yellow, with pyriform basally rounded and oval tip. Length of an egg is about 0.67 mm. The incubation period is about 3 days. There are three larval stages. First instar is yellowish and 1.26 mm in length. Initially second instar is also yellowish, but turn to blackish brown after an hour of feeding. Total length of second instar is about 2.64 mm. The third and final instar is about 5.59 mm in length and blackish brown. Total larval duration is about 13 days. Pupa is black and 4.58 mm in length.

## Biology

Adult beetles are often used as biocontrol agents on the many invasive weeds such as Rumex dentatus, Polygonum glabrum and Polygonum orientale. Adults are also attracted to the leaves of the weed, Polygonum orientale.
It also feeds on aquatic weed Polygonum hydropiper. Adults feed by scraping the green tissues from the leaves. With infestation, remaining tissue also falls by producing a hole. Heavy infestation can cause all leaf tissue to removed with holes. Larval stages also scrap the green tissue to lower epidermis which produces holes of irregular shape. Heavy infestations with grubs lead leaves to dried up and become brownish.
# Montgomery Town F.C.

Montgomery Football Club is a Welsh football team based in the town Montgomery, Powys, Wales, who play in the Central Wales Northern Division.
They were to play in the Ardal Leagues North East, which is in the third tier of the Welsh football league system, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales, the country's football association cancelled what would have been the Ardal Leagues' inaugural 2020–21 season on 4 February 2021 and the club announced its withdrawal from the league on 26 March.
For the 2021–22 season they were admitted to the Mid Wales Football League East Division. They welcomed their return to Welsh Football with the signing of Pontesbury born Robert Hartshorn, the signing demonstrated a great sign of intent from The Canaries owing to the players vast experience and ability. The start of the 2023–24 season included the transfers of some promising youngsters, such as midfielder Thomas Halliday, and former Churchstoke forward Luis Davies.

## Honours

* Mid Wales Football League Division One – Runners-up: 2011–12; 2012–13
* Mid Wales Football League Division Two – Champions: 2010–11; 2018–19
* Montgomeryshire Cup – Winners: 1908–09, 1958–59, 1980–81, 2009–10, 2011–12
# Montgomery Tahsil

Montgomery Tahsil was an administrative subdivision of Montgomery District in Punjab province of British India. The tahsil was located between 30°16' and 31°2' N. and 72°27' and 73°26'E on both banks of the Ravi River, with an area of 1,472 square miles.
The population according to the census of 1901 was 76,573, compared with 93,648 in 1891, a decrease of almost 20,000. The decrease being due to migration into the Chenab Colony. The tahsil contained the towns of Montgomery (1901 population, 6,602), the headquarters, and Kamalia (6,976); and 218 villages. The land revenue and cesses in 1903-4 amounted to Rs. 78,000.
The greater part of the tahsil was uncultivated. It included on the south a narrow strip of the Sutlej valley, from which it rises abruptly into the desert uplands lying between the old banks of the Beds and the Ravi. Farther north lie the Ravi lowlands, interspersed with great stretches of jungle, and, beyond the river, sloping gently upwards towards the fertile plateau irrigated by the Chenab Canal. Cultivation is confined to the lands along the river, and a few scattered patches round the wells elsewhere. The scanty cultivation accounted for the low density of population, 52 persons per square mile.
# Laudative

Laudatives (from Latin laudare "to praise") are words or grammatical forms that denote a positive affect. That is, they express praise or approval on the part of the speaker.
Laudatory words are rare in English compared to pejorative ones, though there are a few, such as "steed" for a fine horse. More common is laudative use of metaphor, such as calling a helpful person a "saint" or fine food "ambrosia". Intonation may convey a laudative affect, as in "What a house!" said with an air of wonder.
* This slang article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Gamla Ullevi / Skisser för sommaren

"Gamla Ullevi" / "Skisser för sommaren" is double A-side single by Swedish alternative rock band Kent. It was released on 14 June 2010 as the lead single from their ninth studio album, En plats i solen. It is their second double A-side single following "FF" / "VinterNoll2" from 2002. Both tracks charted in the top of the Swedish chart, at numbers one and two, respectively.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Joakim Berg

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 1 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 2 |
# Marrowbone, Pike County, Kentucky

Marrowbone is an unincorporated community located in Pike County, Kentucky, United States. It was also known as Regina.
# Gamliel Rabinowitz

Gamliel HaKohen Rabinowitz (Rappaport) is a rosh yeshiva of Shaar Hashamayim Yeshiva in Jerusalem, Israel. He is a recognized expert in Jewish Law and Kabbalah.

## Family

Rabinowitz is the son of Rabbi Levi HaKohen Rabinowitz (1920-2015), author of Maadanei Hashulchan and Maadanei Malakhim, and grandson of Rabbi Gamliel Rabinowitz, a rosh yeshiva in Kishinev and posek in the court of the Chortkover Rebbe, Rabbi Dovid Moshe Friedman. His family possesses rare documentation attesting to their status as Kohanim, tracing their ancestry back to the Shach. The family surname was originally Rappaport; the name was changed in response to a Russian government decree that conscripted all second sons for the Imperial Russian Army.

## Personal

He resides in the Zikhron Moshe neighborhood of Jerusalem.

## Published works

* Tiv HaTehillos: The Essence of Praises (in English and Hebrew). Feldheim Publishers. 2005. ISBN 978-1-58330-827-1.
* Tiv HaTeshuva (in Hebrew).
* Tiv HaKavanos (in Hebrew). Jerusalem, Israel: Machon Shaarei Ziv. - Commentary on the kavanah of saying Shema Yisroel.
* Tiv HaHisorerus Al Chag HaPesach (in Hebrew). Jerusalem, Israel: Machon Shaarei Ziv. 2006.
* Tiv HaPurim (in Hebrew). - Commentary on Purim
* Tiv HaTorah (in Hebrew). - Commentary on the Torah
# Garcillán

Garcillán is a municipality located in the province of Segovia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 372 inhabitants.
# Garcilaso de la Vega

Garcilaso de la Vega (or Garci Lasso de la Vega) may refer to:
* Garci Lasso de la Vega I (d. 1326), Castilian noble
* Garci Lasso de la Vega II (d. 1351), Castilian noble, son of Garci Lasso de la Vega I
* Garcilaso de la Vega (poet) (c. 1501–1536), Spanish poet and soldier
* Sebastián Garcilaso de la Vega y Vargas (1507–1559), Spanish conquistador, father of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
* Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (1539–1616), Peruvian chronicler
# Lawrence Pugh

Lawrence Reynolds Pugh (January 22, 1933 – December 3, 2015) was an American businessman, who became chief executive officer of the VF Corporation, and former director at Unum and Black & Decker. In his retirement, he served on boards at Colby College, the Harold Alfond Foundation, and the Portland Museum of Art, and the U.S. Biathlon Association.
He died on December 3, 2015, at the age of 82 in Naples, Florida.
# Monique Barbeau

Monique Andree Barbeau (born in Vancouver, Canada) was the executive chef at a restaurant called Fuller’s in Seattle, won the James Beard Award in 1994 as Best Chef in the Northwest (tied with Tom Douglas (chef)) and appeared on In Julia's Kitchen with Master Chefs.
Barbeau is a graduate of The Culinary Institute of America. After graduation, she worked at restaurants in New York City including The Quilted Giraffe, Le Bernardin and Chanterelle. When she was 26, she returned to the Pacific Northwest and “took over” Fuller’s kitchen. In 1991, she graduated from Florida International University with a BS in hospitality management.
Along with fellow chefs Anne Rosenzweig, Rozanne Gold and Susan Spicer, she was one of the four “Women Chefs of Peace.”
Barbeau cooked for the cast and crew of the tv show Northern Exposure. She also cooked for students at Currier House (Harvard College) as part of the Visiting Chef’s Program for the school’s Dining Services.
# Martin O'Sullivan

Martin O'Sullivan (1891 – 20 January 1956) was an Irish Labour Party politician.
He was born in 1891 in Ennistymon, County Clare. He was educated locally, and joined the Midland Great Western Railway as a clerk and worked in Sligo and Cavan before his appointment as station master at Recess, County Galway. After the amalgamation of the Midland Great Western and Great Southern railways, he was transferred to Dublin and later became chief paymaster at Inchicore railway works for Great Southern and Western Railway.
He was prominent in the trade union movement, and was secretary and chairman of the Irish Council of Railway Clerks Association, chairman of the Dublin Council of Trade Unions, and a member of the national executive of the Irish Trades Union Congress.
In 1930, he was elected to Dublin Corporation, and served until 1950. He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Labour Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin North-West constituency at the 1943 general election. He was re-elected at the 1944 general election, and at the 1948 general election he was elected for the new Dublin North-Central constituency. He lost his seat at the 1951 general election. He served as Lord Mayor of Dublin from 1943 to 1945, the first member of the Labour Party to hold the position.
# Game Pak

Game Pak is the brand name for ROM cartridges designed by Nintendo for some of their earlier video game systems. The "Game Pak" moniker was officially used only in North America, Europe, Oceania, and South Korea. In Japan, Nintendo uses the term Cassette (カセット, Kasetto) when referring to Famicom, Super Famicom and Nintendo 64 game paks, and Cartridge (カートリッジ, Kātorijji) for the Game Boy line and Virtual Boy.
They include:
* Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak
* Super Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak
* Game Boy Game Pak
* Nintendo 64 Game Pak
# Leanna Brodie

Leanna Brodie is a Canadian actress and playwright.

## Published writings

* Brodie, Leanna (2002). The Vic. Talonbooks. ISBN 0-88922-459-5. (play)
* Brodie, Leanna (2004). For Home and Country. Talonbooks. ISBN 0-88922-508-7. (play)
* Brodie, Leanna (2007). Schoolhouse. Talonbooks. ISBN 978-0-88922-571-8. (play)
* The Book of Esther Brodie, Leanna Talonbooks 2012

## Unpublished writings

* Invisible City. Broadcast by CBC Radio. 2001.
* One Woman, One Child. 2002.

## Awards

* 2001, one of NOW Magazine's Top Ten Toronto Theatre Artists.

## Performances

* 2020, Red Phone, Boca del Lupo Theatre, live interactive project
* 2010, The Vic, Vancouver B.C Premiere, Produced by Terminal Theatre and Directed by Sarah Szloboda
* 2000, The Vic, Cahoots Theatre Projects and Theatre Passe Muraille Toronto
# Gardner's Wells Station

Gardener's Wells Station was built at the site of Gardener's Wells in Baja California was one of the wells developed by the Butterfield Overland Mail, as a part of its improvements of its Colorado Desert route between Cooke's Wells Station and Alamo Mocho Station. These wells allowed travel along the level ground along the 19th century course of the Alamo River, avoiding the more difficult route up on Andrade Mesa.
Gardener's Wells Station was in operation until March 1861 when the Butterfield route was abandoned for the Central Route by the beginning of the American Civil War. However the locality remained in use as a watering place for travelers on the Southern Emigrant Trail and was a post for Union Army units moving back and forth between California and Arizona Territory. In the journal of an 1861 march of California Volunteers to Fort Yuma, Lieut. Col. Joseph R. West described the old station:
   November 1.- Left Alamo Station at 4.50 p.m.; road inferior. Gardner's Wells (old mail station, but water has failed), nine miles; thence by same character of road and country to Salt or Seven Wells, and camped. Water plenty, but brackish; wood abundant. Weather warm. Distance previous, 108 miles; distance to-day, 18 miles; distance in eight days, 126 miles.
The Gardner's Well Station was in use again by stagecoach lines from 1867 until 1877 when the Southern Pacific Railroad reached Fort Yuma. It was then abandoned but the well continued in use until the river changed course in 1905.
Today Gardner's Well is located about three miles north of Querétaro, Baja California in the bed of the old Alamo River.
# Monk snake

The monk snake (Suta monachus), also known commonly as the hooded snake, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is native to central and western Australia.

## Geographic range

Within Australia, S. monachus is found in the states and territories of Northern Territory, South Australia, and Western Australia.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of S. monachus are savanna and shrubland.

## Description

The average snout-to-vent length (SVL) of adults of S. monachus is 27 cm (11 in), and the length of the tail is about 13% SVL. The maximum recorded SVL is 46 centimetres (18 in). The top of the head is solid glossy black, without any pale markings. On average, this black "hood" extends on the nape to the fourth vertebral scale, but may extend only to the first or as far as the sixth. The body and tail are brick red dorsally, and white ventrally. The upper labials are white also. There is only one posterior temporal scale.

## Diet

S. monachus preys upon lizards.

## Reproduction

S. monachus is viviparous.

## Venom

Although S. monachus is venomous, its bite is considered to be of lesser medical significance. A life-threatening envenomation is unlikely, but a debilitating injury is possible.
# Monk station

Monk station is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Le Sud-Ouest in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and serves Green Line. The station is located in the Ville-Émard district.

## Art and architecture

The station structure was designed by Blais & Bélanger and features many works of art, including the large sculpture Pic et Pelle by artist Germain Bergeron. Monk also features many balconies that overlook the main station below, however they have been closed for the safety of the visually impaired.
Germain Bergeron considered many different ideas for the public art for this station. His first concept was to create a series of flying saucers that were suspended from the roof of the station, and were to move with the wind generated by passing trains. However, this was deemed too dangerous by authorities, and the idea was cancelled.
The current two giant statues of workers constructing the Metro were to have been accompanied by a third, representing a foreman, but this idea was judged superfluous and scrapped.

## Origin of the name

The station is named for boulevard Monk, itself named to honour the Monk family. It is unsure which member is being honoured. It could be Sir James Monk (1745-1826), a prosecutor who served on Quebec's vice admiralty court from 1778 to 1788 and subsequently became Montreal's chief justice from 1793 to 1820. Alternatively, the boulevard and the station could be named for Frederick D. Monk, an attorney who along with Joseph-Ulric Émard purchased land belonging to the Davidson family in order to develop it, the area became Ville-Émard.

## Connecting bus routes

* Société de transport de Montréal
* Route
* 35 Griffintown
* 36 Monk
* 350 Verdun/LaSalle

## Nearby points of interest

* Beurling Academy
* Centre hospitalier Ville Émard
* Douglas Hospital
* École Dollard-des-Ormeaux
* École St-Jean-de-Matha
* École Honoré-Mercier
# League of Ireland Premier Division Manager of the Month

The League of Ireland Premier Division Manager of the Month award is a monthly award given to the best manager in the top flight of Irish football.

## Selection panel

The selection is made by the Soccer Writers' Association of Ireland, commonly known as the SWAI.

## Past winners
### 2009

| Month | Player | Club |
| March | Ian Foster | Galway United |
| April | Paul Doolin | Cork City |
| May | Michael O'Neill | Shamrock Rovers |
| June | Pat Fenlon | Bohemians |
| July | Sean Connor | Dundalk |
| August | Michael O'Neill | Shamrock Rovers |
| September | Paul Cook | Sligo Rovers |
* This article about an Irish football competition is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Lectionary 197

Lectionary 197, designated by siglum ℓ 197 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th century. Scrivener labelled it by 205$^{evl}$.

## Description

The codex contains three lessons from the Epistles lectionary (Apostolarium). Only 8 leaves (21.5 cm by 15.5 cm) of the codex have survived. The text is written in Greek minuscule letters, on paper, in one column per page, 20 lines per page.

## History

Gregory dated the manuscript to the 15th century. Today it is dated by the INTF to the 15th century.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (number 205). Gregory saw it in 1883.
The manuscript is not cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS3).
Currently the codex is located in the Bodleian Library (Canonici Gr. 126, fol 252–259) at Oxford.
# Gamma counter

A gamma counter is an instrument to measure gamma radiation emitted by a radionuclide. Unlike survey meters, gamma counters are designed to measure small samples of radioactive material, typically with automated measurement and movement of multiple samples.

## Operation

Gamma counters are usually scintillation counters. In a typical system, a number of samples are placed in sealed vials or test tubes, and moved along a track. One at a time, they move down inside a shielded detector, set to measure specific energy windows characteristic of the particular isotope. Within this shielded detector there is a scintillation crystal that surrounds the radioactive sample. Gamma rays emitted from the radioactive sample interact with the crystal, are absorbed, and light is emitted. A detector, such as a photomultiplier tube converts the visible light to an electrical signal. Depending on the half-life and concentration of the sample, measurement times may vary from 0.02 minutes to several hours.
If the photon has too low of an energy level it will be absorbed into the scintillation crystal and never be detected. If the photon has too high of an energy level the photons may just pass right through the crystal without any interaction. Thus the thickness of the crystal is very important when sampling radioactive materials using the Gamma Counter.

## Applications

Gamma counters are standard tools used in the research and development of new radioactive compounds used for diagnosing (and treating disease) as in PET scanning. Gamma counters are used in radiobinding assays, radioimmunoassays (RIA) and nuclear medicine measurements such as GFR and hematocrit.
Some gamma counters can be used for gamma spectroscopy to identify radioactive materials based on their output energy spectrum, e.g. as a wipe test counter.
# Layin' da Smack Down

Professional ratings :
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Layin' da Smack Down is the third studio album by rapper Project Pat, released on August 6, 2002, by Hypnotize Minds, Loud Records, Columbia Records, and Sony Music. It is the last album from Hypnotize Minds to be released through Loud, as Loud was sold off to Sony around the time of the album's release. Due to Project Pat's incarceration at the time, promotion for the album was very limited, and did not receive an RIAA Certification. However, the album did make it to #12 on the Billboard 200 with over 70,000 copies sold in its first week of release.
There were three singles released from this album: "Make Dat Azz Clap", "County Jail" and "Choose U".
A music video was done for "Make Dat Azz Clap", most notable as Thang Clap.
The album also had a clean version available.
In January 2024, the clean version of the track "Choose U" reached the top five of the TikTok Billboard Top 50.

## Track listing

* "Still Ridin' Clean" (featuring Juicy J) - 3:37
* "The Porch 3" - 0:52
* "Fight" - 5:29
* "Weak Niggaz" (featuring DJ Paul) - 4:41
* "Make Dat Azz Clap (Back Clap)" (featuring Juvenile) - 3:48
* "Choose U" - 3:15
* "Smokin' Out" (featuring Lord Infamous) - 3:20
* "Show Dem Golds" (featuring DJ Paul and Juicy J) - 4:31
* "This Pimp" - 3:41
* "On Nigga" - 4:16
* "That Drank" - 4:27
* "MC Flyjo" - 1:49
* "Posse Song" (featuring Hypnotize Camp Posse) - 3:42
* "90 Days" - 3:15
* "Shut Ya Mouth, Bitch" (featuring DJ Paul, Juicy J, Crunchy Black, and Frayser Boy) - 5:25
* "Take Da Charge" - 3:06
* "Smoke & Get High" (featuring Crunchy Black) - 3:44
* "County Jail" - 3:54
* "I'm Mo" (featuring Lord Infamous, DJ Paul, and Frayser Boy) - 4:17
* "Outro" - 1:37

### Disc 2 (bonus disc)

* "Bonus CD Intro" (performed by DJ Paul and Juicy J) - 0:17
* "Juicy J Intro" (performed by Juicy J) - 0:20
* "North, North Part 2" (performed by Juicy J featuring Project Pat) - 3:41
* "DJ Paul Intro" (performed by DJ Paul) - 0:08
* "You Scared" (performed by DJ Paul) - 3:28
* "Crash da Club" (performed by Lil Wyte) - 4:31
* "Mouth Write a Check (Intro)" (performed by DJ Paul) - 0:08
* "Mouth Write a Check" (performed by Frayser Boy featuring Project Pat) - 3:38
# Gamma Coronae Australis

Gamma Coronae Australis (γ CrA), is a binary star located in the constellation Corona Australis. The system has a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.20, making it faintly visible to the naked eye. It is located 56.4 light-years (17.3 parsecs) from the Sun, based on its parallax. Gamma Coronae Australis is a member of the Milky Way's thin disk.
The system is a visual binary, where the orbit is calculated from observations of one star orbiting the other. The primary, Gamma Coronae Australis A, is a late F-type main-sequence star with an effective temperature of 6,090 K. It has an absolute an absolute magnitude of +3.73, and a mass of 1.15 solar masses. The secondary, Gamma Coronae Australis B, is also F-type. With an effective temperature of 6,100 K, an absolute magnitude of +3.80, and a mass of 1.14 solar masses, the companion is almost identical to the primary. Gamma Coronae Australis has been known to be a binary for a long time, and its two components have been given Henry Draper Catalogue designations of HD 177474 and HD 177475, respectively. The two stars are separated by 1.896″ and orbit each other every 121.76 years.