OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sudan plated lizard

The Sudan plated lizard (Broadleysaurus major), also known as the western plated lizard, great plated lizard, or Broadley's rough-scaled plated lizard, is a medium-sized, diurnal African lizard.

## Description

The Sudan plated lizard is a medium-sized lizard that can grow up to 20-24" long, with the tail being less than half of total length. They have stout bodies, short limbs, and moderately broad tails.
This species is easily recognised by its heavily armored appearance. The body and tail is covered in transverse bands of more or less square plate-like keeled scales, and head shields are fused to the skull. The armour makes the animals look a bit like the uncommon perception of Mesozoic reptiles.
Coloration varies from tawny to grayish brown to dark brown with cream-colored spots or striping, with a pale underside. Males tend to be larger than females, and can develop bright-colored throats during breeding season.

## Distribution

The Sudan plated lizard can be found in parts of eastern and central Africa, including the countries Tanzania (including the island archipelago of Zanzibar), Kenya and Mozambique. They prefer rocky, semi-open areas within coastal woodland, thicket, moist savannah, and dry savannah habitats. They seem to especially prefer rock piles and crevices.

## Diet

Sudan plated lizards are omnivores. Although they primarily eat insects, they also occasionally eat fruits, vegetation, and small vertebrates like small lizards and rodents. They also like fruits and vegetables in their diet.

## Captivity

Plated lizards are typically very shy, but they are docile and can tame quickly with regular handling.
Individuals require a terrarium with dimensions of at least 48"L x 24"W x 24"H, with bedding that allows them to dig and burrow. The enclosure should offer plenty of hiding places to help them feel secure.
The enclosure must have a daytime temperature of 70-85 °F, with a localized basking area with temperatures between 105 and 115 °F as measured by a digital probe thermometer or infrared thermometer. The enclosure should be allowed to cool down at night, but should not get colder than 60 °F. Sudan plated lizards should also be provided with a high quality T5 HO (desert) UVB lamp half the length of the enclosure and placed on the same side as the heat lamp. Although they are a fairly arid species, they do best when they have access to areas of higher humidity, up to 80%.
Sudan plated lizards will eat live crickets, dubia roaches, and other insects. For vegetation, they will take leafy greens such as collard greens, mustard greens, endive, escarole and spring mix, as well as carrots and grated sweet potato. Fruits such as mango pieces and berries can be used as treats. Citrus fruit (e.g. orange) and other acidic fruits should be avoided as this can cause stomach ulcers and digestion problems. Some keepers also treat their plated lizards with the occasional small pinkie mouse, depending on the size of the individual. A bowl of clean, fresh water should always be available.

## Classification

Subspecies Broadleysaurus major
* Broadleysaurus major major
* Broadleysaurus major bottegoi
# Mestral Castle

The Castle of Saint-Saphorin-sur-Morges, also called Mestral Castle, is a castle in the municipality of Echichens of the Canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

## History

The current castle was built on the ruins of an old feudal castle which consisted of two buildings divided by a courtyard: one of them served as a dungeon while the other was used as housing for the local lord.
In 1727, General François-Louis de Pesmes de Saint-Saphorin, after a career as a soldier and a diplomat, retired to Saint-Saphorin where he was born. Previously, he had the castle rebuilt, which already belonged to his family, on the model of that of Vullierens. His daughter, Judith-Louise, married Gabriel-Henri de Mestral, then Lord of Pampigny.
The castle took the name of Mestral, and among the successive owners, the engineer Georges de Mestral, inventor of Velcro, inherited it on the death of his father in 1966.

## Viticulture

The castle is classified as cultural property of national importance. It is surrounded by a 4.6-hectare (11-acre) wine estate where the Grand Cru Saint-Saphorin-sur-Morges AOC La Côte is produced.
# Barton Township, Gibson County, Indiana

Barton Township is one of ten townships in Gibson County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,487 (down from 1,677 at 2010) and it contained 663 housing units. Somerville is the township seat.
Barton Township was organized in 1843.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 49.38 square miles (127.9 km$^2$), of which 49.17 square miles (127.3 km$^2$) (or 99.57%) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km$^2$) (or 0.41%) is water.

### Cities and towns

* Mackey
* Somerville

### Unincorporated towns

* Buckskin

### Adjacent townships

Gibson County
* Columbia Township (north)
* Johnson Township (southwest)
* Union Township (west)
* Center Township (northwest)
Pike County
* Monroe Township (east)
Warrick County
* Greer Township (south)
* Hart Township (southeast)

### Cemeteries

The township contains seven cemeteries: Albright, Eden, Kilpatrick, Providence, St John's, Somerville and Townsley.

### Major highways

* I-69
* SR 57
* SR 168

## Education

Barton Township is part of the East Gibson School Corporation.

### Schools

* Barton Township School - Mackey
# Buchholz, Neuwied

Buchholz (German pronunciation: ) is a municipality in the district of Neuwied, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
# Tylomelania towutensis

Tylomelania towutensis is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.
The specific name towutensis is according to the lake Towuti.

## Distribution

This species occurs in Malili lakes, Sulawesi, Indonesia. It occur in the single lake and the type locality is the lake Towuti.

## Description

The shell has 6-9 whorls.
The width of the shell is 20 mm. The height of the shell is 62 mm. The width of the aperture is 12 mm. The height of the aperture is 20 mm.
There are 6-7 concentric lines on the operculum.
# Jawalamukhi Road railway station

Jawalamukhi Road railway station is a small railway station in Kangra district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The station lies on Pathankot–Jogindernagar narrow-gauge railway. This railway is also called Kangra Valley Railway. Jawalamukhi Road railway station is located at an altitude of 549 metres (1,801 ft) above mean sea level. It was allotted the railway code of JMKR under the jurisdiction of Firozpur railway division. This line was planned in 1926 and commissioned in 1929.

## Major trains

* Pathankot–Joginder Nagar Kangra Valley Passenger
* Baijnath–Pathankot Kangra Valley Rail Passenger
* Joginder Nagar–Pathankot Kangra Valley Passenger
* Pathankot–Jawalamukhi Road Kangra Valley Passenger
# Itch (Kim Mitchell album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal | 8/10 |
Itch is the sixth album from Canadian singer and guitarist Kim Mitchell. The album was released in 1994. This would be the last album to date that Mitchell would collaborate with lyricist Pye Dubois. Dubois didn't contribute any lyrics to Mitchell's previous album Aural Fixations, released two years before this album.

## Track listing

All songs by Kim Mitchell, Pye Dubois, except "Karaoke Queen" by Mitchell, Dubois and Lou Pomanti
* "Wonder Where and Why" – 3:46
* "Acrimony" – 3:35
* "Lick Yer Finger" – 4:01
* "The U.S. of Ache" – 5:38
* "Lemon Wedge" – 5:33
* "Heartbreakbustop" – 4:57
* "Your Face or Mine" – 4:41
* "Human Condition" – 5:16
* "Stand" – 4:31
* "Karaoke Queen" – 4:22
* "Cheer Us On" – 4:27
* "Beachtown" – 4:49 (European version bonus track)

## Personnel
### Musicians

* Kim Mitchell – guitar, vocals, arrangements
* Spider Sinnaeve – bass
* Greg Morrow – drums and percussion
* Lou Pomanti – keyboards
* Peter Fredette, William C. Brown III, Bertram Brown – background vocals
* Scott Thompson – trumpet
* Jim Spake – saxophone
* Pye Dubois – lyrics

### Production

* Joe Hardy – producer, engineer, mixing, arrangements
* Todd Booth – arrangements
* Tom Heron, Jeff Elliott, Erik Flettrich – assistant engineers
* Scott Murley – digital sequencing and editing
* George Marino – mastering at Sterling Sound, New York
* W. Tom Berry – executive producer, management
# Viktar Andrejevič Korbut

Viktar Andrejevič Korbut (born 21 September 1981, Minsk) is a Belarusian journalist, local historian, and guide. He is a member of the Belarusian Union of Journalists (since 2007) and member of International Association of Belarusian Studies Researchers (since 2016).

## Early life

He is a graduate of the Jakub Kolas National State Humanities Lyceum (1998), the Belarusian State University of Culture (2003) majoring in Museum Studies and the protection of historical and cultural heritage (museology).

## Career

Korbut is the author of the books Minsk. The Best View to This City (2013), From Minsk to Vilnius. Belarus’ history in journalistic notes (2016), the series of postcards Vilnius – Viĺnia. The Capital of Lithuania in the History of Belarus (2015). He is compiling a guidebook on the places of Vilnius connected with the Belarusian history and culture.
The author writes guides for the cities of Minsk, The Best View to This City. 10 centuries within 3 hours, Vilnius, Viĺnia. The Capital of Lithuania in the History of Belarus.

## Recognition

* Winner of the 8th National competition of print media "Golden Letter" (2012) in the category The Best Materials on Cultural and Local History Themes
* Laureate of the Belarusian Union of Journalists prize (2015) for the best work in artistic and publicistic genre
# List of Columbus Tigers players

This is a list of American football players who played for the Columbus Tigers in the National Football League (NFL). It includes players that have played at least one match in the NFL regular season. The Columbus Tigers franchise was founded in 1901 and lasted until 1926. They were called the Columbus Panhandles until 1923.
* Top
* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

## A

Dom Albanese

## B

Pete Barnum, Bill Berrehsem, Jim Bertoglio, Elliott Bonowitz, Gale Bullman

## C

John Conley

## D

Herb Davis, Earl Duvall

## E

Ray Eichenlaub, Walt Ellis

## G

Paul G. Goebel, Gus Goetz, Charley Gorrill

## H

Neil Halleck, Ray Hanson, John Heldt

## I

Wilmer Isabel

## J

Len Johnson

## L

Johnnie Layport, Frank Lone Star, Tom Long, Paul Lynch

## M

Joe Mantell, Tommy Murphy, Wilkie Moody, Joe Mulbarger

## N

Andy Nemecek, Frank Nesser, Ike Nonnemaker

## P

Bill Passuello, Harley Pearce, Boni Petcoff, Earl Plank

## R

Harry Randolph, Bob Rapp, Jim Regan, George Rohleder, Homer Ruh

## S

Jack Sack, Herb Schell, Lou Reichel, Lee Snoots, Gus Sonnenberg, Pete Stinchcomb, Herb Stock

## T

Gus Tebell, Buddy Tynes

## W

Jim Weaver, Sonny Winters, Oscar Wolford, Gerry Woods
# Barton Wallop

The Hon. Barton Wallop (5 November 1744 – 1 September 1781) was Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge from 1774 until 1781.
The third son of John Wallop, Viscount Lymington, he was educated at Eton and Magdalene. He held livings in Portsmouth and Cliddesden.
In 1771, he married Camilla Powlett Smith with whom he had two children.
# George Thomson (footballer, born 1854)

George Frederick Thomson (baptized 28 September 1853 – 15 May 1937) was a Welsh amateur footballer who helped found the Druids club and played for Wales in their first two international matches.

## Early life and family

Thomson was born in Dudley in Staffordshire, England, and baptized at nearby Halesowen, Worcestershire. He moved across the border into Wales as a child when his family settled in the Ruabon area of Denbighshire, together with his older brother David. Thomson worked as a timber merchant but later assisted his father, who was the manager of the New British Iron Works situated in the Wynnstay district of Ruabon.

## Football career

When only aged 15, Thomson (together with his brother) helped form the Plasmodic club in 1869 which in 1872 amalgamated with two other Ruabon clubs, "Ruabon Rovers" and "Ruabon Volunteers", and under the guidance of Llewelyn Kenrick became Ruabon Druids. All three played a prominent role in the foundation of the Football Association of Wales in early 1876, with George being a member of the original committee of the Association.
In February 1876, Kenrick organized trial matches to select Welsh players to represent their country in a match against Scotland. The international match was played at Hamilton Crescent, Partick, the home of the West of Scotland Cricket Club on 25 March 1876, with Thomson playing as a central forward in a 2–2–6 formation. The Welsh were well defeated, conceding four goals without reply.
The return match came on 5 March 1877 at the Racecourse Ground, Wrexham, with Thomson playing on the left-wing. The Scots were again victorious, winning 2–0.
In 1877–78, Thomson, described as "a hard-working forward whose forte was running with the ball but (who) was none too accurate in his shooting", helped Druids reach the first Welsh Cup final on 30 March 1878, losing 1–0 to local rivals Wrexham.
He also played in inter-county matches for Denbighshire.

## Later career

Thomson retired from playing football in 1880, but remained active with Wynnstay cricket club. He had also been a county cricketer for Shropshire, while playing at club level for Oswestry and Whitchurch, between 1872 and 1878.
When the iron company went into liquidation in about 1887, Thomson left Ruabon to settle in Cheltenham where he died in 1937 aged 83.

## Honours

Druids
* Welsh Cup runners-up: 1878
# UFC 4

UFC 4: Revenge of the Warriors was a mixed martial arts (MMA) event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) on December 16, 1994, at the Expo Center Pavilion in Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States. The event was seen live on pay-per-view, and later released on home video.

## Background

As usual, virtually all martial artists of any significance were contacted by the promoters of the event. The other way they recruited was what later became known as the "Royce's challenge letters." Even Mike Tyson was "challenged" by Royce Gracie while in jail.

## History

UFC 4 used an eight-man tournament format, with the winner receiving $64,000. The event also featured three alternate fights. All seven tournament fights were shown on the live pay-per-view broadcast, as well as the Jason Fairn vs. Guy Mezger alternate fight.
The tournament had no weight classes or weight limits. Each match had no time limit or rounds, therefore no judges were used for the night. The referee for the night was "Big" John McCarthy. Royce Gracie won the event by defeating Dan Severn with a triangle choke. The card also featured the notorious fight between Keith Hackney and Joe Son; Hackney won via submission after landing a series of unanswered strikes to the groin of Joe Son.
Play-by-play announcer Bruce Beck and color commentator Jeff Blatnick were paired together for the first time on the pay-per-view and became the regular commentary team on UFC broadcasts up to and including UFC 15. They were joined by regular contributor Jim Brown.

## Results

* ↑ Steve Jennum was forced to withdraw due to injury. He was replaced by Marcus Bossett.

## UFC 4 bracket

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| Royce Gracie (Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu) | Royce Gracie (Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu) | SUB | | | | | | |
| Ron van Clief (Karate) | Ron van Clief (Karate) | 3:59 | | | | | | |
| Ron van Clief (Karate) | Ron van Clief (Karate) | 3:59 | Royce Gracie | Royce Gracie | SUB | | | |
| | | | Keith Hackney | Keith Hackney | 5:32 | | | |
| Keith Hackney (Kenpo) | Keith Hackney (Kenpo) | SUB | Keith Hackney | Keith Hackney | 5:32 | | | |
| Joe Son (Taekwondo) | Joe Son (Taekwondo) | 2:44 | | | | | | |
| Joe Son (Taekwondo) | Joe Son (Taekwondo) | 2:44 | | | | Royce Gracie | Royce Gracie | SUB |
| | | | | | | Dan Severn | Dan Severn | 15:49 |
| Steve Jennum (Ninjutsu) | Steve Jennum (Ninjutsu) | SUB | | | | | | | Dan Severn | Dan Severn | 15:49 |
| Melton Bowen (Boxing) | Melton Bowen (Boxing) | 4:47 | | | | | | |
| Melton Bowen (Boxing) | Melton Bowen (Boxing) | 4:47 | Marcus Bossett $^1$ | Marcus Bossett $^1$ | 0:52 | | | |
| | | | Dan Severn | Dan Severn | SUB | | | |
| Dan Severn (Wrestling) | Dan Severn (Wrestling) | SUB | Dan Severn | Dan Severn | SUB | | | |
| Anthony Macias (Muay Thai) | Anthony Macias (Muay Thai) | 1:45 | | | | | | |
$^1$Steve Jennum was forced to withdraw due to injury. He was replaced by Marcus Bossett.
# Moldova at the 2010 European Athletics Championships

Moldova was represented by 6 athletes at the 2010 European Athletics Championships held in Barcelona, Spain.

## Participants

| Event | Men | Women |
| 800 m | | Olga Cristea |
| 3000 st. | Ion Luchianov | Oxana Juravel |
| High Jump | | Marina Marghiev Zalina Marghieva |
| Triple Jump | Vladimir Letnicov | |

## Results

| 2010 Barcelona | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Moldova (MDA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
# Morteza Sadouqi Mazandarani

Ayatollah Morteza Sadoughi Mazandarani (Persian: مرتضی صدوقی مازندرانی) (born 22 July 1946) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a cleric.
He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Araki and Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani and in seminaries of Mashhad, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Hossein Vahid Khorasani.
# Jack McLean (journalist)

Jack McLean (10 August 1946 – 27 December 2023) was a Scottish journalist, and columnist with The Herald. McLean was known as "the Urban Voltaire", a tag given to him by one of his editors.

## Career

McLean first began writing columns for The Times Educational Supplement in the 1970s about his experiences as a teacher. From the 1980s he went on to write columns for the Glasgow Herald, with a brief move to The Scotsman in 1998 before returning to The Herald. He also contributed to the Glasgow Evening Times.
A collection of his columns was first published as The Bedside Urban Voltaire in 1990. More Bedside Urban Voltaire followed a year later. These were expanded and supplemented as Hopeless But Not Serious: An Autobiography of the Urban Voltaire in 1996. The City of Glasgow, with photographs by Colin Baxter, was published in 1994. The Compendium of Nosh (An A-Z of Food) appeared in 2007. In 2011 he wrote the preface for a new edition of The Heart of Glasgow (1965) by Jack House.
At the Leveson Inquiry in 2011 he was criticised for his writing about the 1991 murder of Diane Watson by Barbara Glover (both schoolgirls), in which he had portrayed the victim as a bully. The Herald later apologised to Watson's family.

## Personal life

Educated at Allan Glen's School, McLean worked for 20 years as a secondary school art teacher, but was dismissed for assaulting a pupil, as he later recounted in his column.
McLean was a well-known resident of Glasgow's South Side, where he lived for over 35 years, and where he could often be found in the pubs along the Pollokshaws Road.
He died on 27 December 2023, at the age of 77. After his death, tributes were paid by Nicola Sturgeon and others.
# Cadoxton Court Dovecote

Cadoxton Court Dovecote is a medieval structure in Cadoxton, in the Vale of Glamorgan, south Wales. Dating from the 13th century, it is the largest of the remaining medieval dovecotes in the Vale and a Grade I listed building.

## History and description

The dovecote was originally built in the 13th century as an ancillary building to the medieval house that stood on the site of the present Cadoxton Court. Cadw's listing record describes it as the largest remaining medieval dovecote in the Vale of Glamorgan. The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales considers it a post-medieval structure, ascribing a construction date in the 15th century. The dovecote supported a medieval farmstead, based on the site of a manor house which was demolished in the 18th century, and replaced in the 19th by the present Cadoxton Court. The dovecote has been subject to later restoration.
The dovecote is circular in design, built in stone, and stands 8M high. The walls are over a metre thick. The structure originally housed 700 nesting boxes, giving capacity for 1,400 pigeons. The dovecote is a Grade I listed structure. Cadoxton Court has its own Grade II listing.
# List of Columbus Panhandles players

This is a list of American football players who played for the Columbus Panhandles in the National Football League (NFL). It includes players that have played at least one match in the NFL regular season. The Columbus Panhandles franchise was founded in 1901 and lasted until 1922, when they became the Columbus Tigers. The team folded in 1926.

## Key

| Thing | Meaning |
| Name | Players' name. It was common for newspapers to only use last names, so when there is only one word in this column, it is the last name. |
| College(s) | College(s) where the player attended. Newspapers did not normally report colleges, so some information is unknown. |
| Season(s) | The range, in years, in which a player played |
| Position(s) | Position(s) where the player played |
| — | Unknown information |

## Players

List of players, showing college(s), season(s), position(s) played :
| Name | College(s) | Season(s) | Position(s) |
| Allen | — | 1908 | Guard Tackle |
| Burl Atcheson | Columbus East High School | 1922 | End |
| Baker | — | 1907 | Guard Tackle |
| Bast | — | 1909 | Guard |
| Jack Beckett | Oregon University | 1922 | Guard |
| Otto Beckwith | None | 1919–1920 | Halfback |
| Lawrence Henry "Heinie" Spiers | None | 1903–1920 | Quarterback |
| — | 1910 | End | |
| Harry Bliss | Ohio State University | 1921 | Halfback Quarterback |
| Bob Boyer | Indiana University | 1909–1911 | Quarterback End Halfback |
| Bridge | Dennison University | 1903 | Fullback |
| Haven Brigham | Ohio State University | 1913–1920 | Center Guard End |
| Brugs | — | 1915 | End |
| Burns | — | 1913 | Guard |
| Burton | — | 1907–1908 | Quarterback Halfback |
| Busby | — | 1910–1911 | End Quarterback |
| William Butler | Ohio Medical University | 1901 | Fullback |
| Carey | — | 1902 | Halfback |
| Bulldog Carlisle | — | 1907–1908 | End Tackle Halfback |
| Chuck Carney | Illinois University | 1922 | Tackle |
| Bill Carroll | — | 1902–1903 | Guard |
| Gene Carroll | Marietta College Waynesburg University | 1922 | Guard |
| Chafin | — | 1910–1911 | Guard Tackle |
| Chapman | — | 1904 | Fullback |

## C

Martin P. Cahill

## D

John Davis

## E

Charlie Essman

## F

Jim Flower

## G

Hal Gaulke, Morris Glassman, Andy Gump

## H

Babe Houck, Ted Hopkins,

## K

Bob Karch, Earl Krieger, Oscar Kuehner

## L

Frank Lone Star

## M

Wilkie Moody, Joe Mulbarger, Ted Murtha

## N

Al Nesser, Charlie Nesser, Frank Nesser, Fred Nesser, John Nesser, Phil Nesser, Ray Nesser, Ted Nesser,

## P

Dwight Peabody

## R

Bob Rapp, Walt Rogers, Emmett Ruh, Homer Ruh

## S

John Schneider, Pete Schultze, Al Shook, Lee Snoots, Mark Stevenson Spiers

## W

Will Waite, Don Wiper, Oscar Wolford

## Y

Howard Yerges

## Z

Paul Ziegler
# Gérard Presgurvic

Gérard Presgurvic (born 1953) is a French popular composer. He was the author of 1980s pop hits "Chacun fait c'qui lui plait" and "Marre de cette nana-là", but is best known for the 2001 musical spectacle Roméo et Juliette, de la haine à l'amour.
His other works include composing for Pause-café (TV series), Omer et le fils de l'étoile (TV series), Commissaire Moulin (TV series), and L'ex (TV movie).