OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francis Skinner (architect)

Russell Thomas Francis Skinner (13 October 1908 – 6 January 1998) was a British architect and the longest-serving member of Tecton, the architectural practice founded by Berthold Lubetkin in 1932 that pioneered the Modern Movement in Britain. As the historian John Allan recalls, ‘Skinner was Lubetkin's closest colleague, who shared and supported his charismatic partner's belief in modern architecture as an instrument of social progress’.
Politically and architecturally radical, Skinner trained at the Architectural Association from 1927 but reacted strongly against ‘traditionalist teaching’ in favour of the progressive European Modernism embodied by Lubetkin. ‘His first building, a prize-winning reinforced concrete house for the Modern Homes Exhibition at Gidea Park, was completed in 1934 when he was only 26’ (Allen). This house is still extant and in close to original condition. (64 Heath Drive Gidea Park) Restored extensively under the supervision of English Heritage, it is listed Grade 2. Skinner was active in the Communist Party, the Architects & Technicians Organisation, and other leftist groups that campaigned for better housing conditions and the unionisation of building workers. After first-hand observation of bomb damage in the Spanish Civil War he designed and promoted deep air-raid shelters.
Skinner took Lubetkin’s projects, for the progressive London Borough of Finsbury, starting with Finsbury Health Centre (1938), continuing after World War II, with the Spa Green Estate, Priory Green and Bevin Court (Holford Square), for which he designed the signage as well as supervising the project. John Allen records that Skinner ‘declined an invitation from Le Corbusier to join him at Chandigarh in 1950 but continued with major housing developments in Bethnal Green, Hackney and Southwark in the reformed firm of Skinner, Bailey & Lubetkin’. Many of his designs for London public housing are preserved in the British Architectural Library of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
# Lawngtlai

Lawngtlai is a town located in the southern part of Mizoram, India. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Lawngtlai district and is home to the Pawi people, also known as the Hakha Chin people in Myanmar. Lawngtlai celebrates a variety of indigenous festivals, such as the Hlukhla Kut, similar to that of Chapchar Kut.

## History

Lawngtlai village was established by Haihmunga Hlawncheu, a Lai Chief, in 1880 at present Vengpui. It has been named "Lawngtlai" as one day the Chief Haihmunga Hlawncheu seized a boat that was drifting down Kaladan river hence the name Lawng-tlai, which means Lawng=boat, and tlai=seized.

## Demographics

According to Census of India, 2011 Lawngtlai town has population of 20,830 of which 10,659 are males while 10,171 are females. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 3122 which is 14.99% of total population of Lawngtlai. In Lawngtlai Notified Town, Female Sex Ratio is of 954 against Mizoram state average of 976. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Lawngtlai is around 971 compared to Mizoram state average of 970. Literacy rate of Lawngtlai city is 95.66% higher than state average of 91.33%. In Lawngtlai, Male literacy is around 96.97% while female literacy rate is 94.28%.

## Transport

A helicopter service by Pawan Hans has been started which connects Aizawl with Lawngtlai. The distance between Lawngtlai and Aizawl through NH 54 is 296 km and is connected with regular service of bus and jeeps. The state government has proposed to extend the railway up to Lawngtlai. Lawngtlai is also going to be the nodal point in India for the Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project which will link the town with Setpyitpyin (Kaletwa) in Myanmar through a 62 kilometre highway.

## Media

The major newspapers in Lawngtlai are:
* Chhawkhlei Times
* Lai Aw
* Lai Ram
* The Lawngtlai Post
* Phawngpui Express
* Ram Eng
# Frederik Rung

Frederik Rung (June 14, 1854 - January 22, 1914) was a Danish conductor and composer.

## Biography

He was the son of composer Henrik Rung (1807-1871). His sister Sophie Keller (1850–1929) was an opera singer at the Royal Danish Theatre. His son P. S. Rung-Keller (1879-1966) was also an organist and composer.
He studied 1867-70 at the Royal Danish Academy of Music under Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann and Niels Gade. from 1881 to 1893, he was a piano teacher at the Conservatory of Music. In 1877, he became conductor of the special Madrigal choir at the Cecilia Association (Caeciliaforening) of Copenhagen. From 1884 until his death in 1914, he was a conductor of the Royal Danish Orchestra.

## Works, editions and recordings

* Songs and guitar pieces on Roser og Kjerlighed: Inspired by Norway with songs by his father Henrik Rung. Singers Helene Wold, Per Andreas Tønder, Vegard Lund guitar, piano Eugene Asti. Lawo 2011.
* Fogli d'album, performed by Alberto La Rocca (10-string guitar), CD GuitArt 10/2015. Contains: La melanconia; Praeludium; Dans; Berceuse; Humoreske; Romance; Gavotte; Idyl; Capriccio; Pastorale.
# Badas (K.H.)

Badas (K.H.) is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
# Bid bond

A bid bond is issued as part of a supply bidding process by the contractor to the project owner, to provide a guarantee that the winning bidder will undertake the contract under the terms on which they bid.
The bond penalty is subject to full or partial forfeiture if the winning contractor fails to either execute the contract or provide the required performance and/or payment bonds. The bid bond assures and guarantees that, should the bidder be successful, the bidder will execute the contract and provide the required surety bonds.

## Details

A bid bond can be in any amount. The contractor or supplier providing the bid bond guarantee is referred to as "The Principal" on the bid bond. The bid bond prequalifies the principal and provides the necessary security to the owner (or general contractor), also known as the “obligee”. This helps prequalify contractors and protects the bid letting by guaranteeing that the principal will enter into the contract, for the amount of the bid, if it is awarded.
A bid bond guarantees that the “obligee” will be paid the difference between the principal's tender price and the next closest tender price. This action is only triggered should the principal be awarded the contract but fails to enter into the contract, as agreed, with the obligee. The bid bond penalty is a percentage of the total bid amount, not to exceed the spread between the first and second place bidders. Some bid bonds contain "forfeiture language", which means that the contractor loses the whole bid bond amount, regardless of the bid spread.
Contractors prefer the use of bid bonds because they are a less expensive option and they do not tie up cash or bank credit lines during the bidding process. Owners and general contractors also use bid bonds because they establish and confirm that the bidding contractor or supplier is qualified to undertake the project.

## Bid bonds in the United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, bid bonds are commonly used in various industries such as construction, supply, and service contracts. One notable application of bid bonds in the UK is for securing HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) bonds, which are required for businesses dealing with goods subject to excise duty, such as alcohol, tobacco, and fuel. These bonds help ensure that businesses comply with the necessary regulations and pay the appropriate taxes and duties.
HMRC bonds are required for businesses operating in industries regulated by the HM Revenue and Customs Department. These bonds act as a guarantee for the payment of taxes and duties, ensuring that the business complies with the necessary regulations. The bond amount is typically based on the potential tax liability of the business, which may vary depending on the specific industry and type of goods being dealt with.

## Bid bonds in the United States

5% and 10% are common on U.S. public projects; many private construction contracts require other amounts.
# Lamudi

Lamudi is an online real estate marketplace with operations in 34 countries.

## History

Lamudi was founded by Rocket Internet in 2013. Lamudi rebranded Vamido (Nigeria), Ubilista (Mexico) and Zamudi and House (Asia) into Lamudi in October 2013.
In 2020, Lamudi was bought by EMPG, a property platform based in Dubai.

## Operations

In October 2013, Lamudi launched operations in several parts of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
In 2014, Lamudi expanded its operations in Asia to Pakistan, the Philippines, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. The company's Asian operations were subsequently subject to a €5 million investment from the German Tengelmann Group and others.
Rocket Internet had expanded Lamudi to MENA by launching Lamudi in Saudi Arabia and in Jordan in 2012 then in UAE in 2015.
Furthermore, the company is part of the Rocket Internet-Ooredoo deal and thus its Asian operations became part of the Asia Internet Holding. Other regions of Lamudi are apparently funded through MTN and Millicom. Lamudi has also expanded in Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East. In September 2017, Lamudi announced cooperation with the Subdivision and Housing Developers Association (SHDA) to discuss the housing situation in the Philippines.

## Mobile

In January 2014, Lamudi launched a site for iOS and Android (operating system) mobile devices.
In June 2014, Lamudi unveiled a world-first Android app, available in all 28 countries, to give international house-hunters a free mobile platform to buy, rent or sell real estate.
Lamudi also released an iOS app in Pakistan, Morocco, Mexico and Colombia. The following month, the iOS app was launched in 12 additional countries across Asia, Africa and Latin America.
In November 2014, Lamudi rolled out its iOS app for property seekers in a further 11 countries, including an Arabic version for the Middle East, making the mobile application available across the company's global network.
In December, Lamudi rolled out new responsive design to target mobile users in all countries in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa.

## Publications

In October 2014, Lamudi Pakistan began publishing a magazine, Lamudi's Property Now, which deals with the real estate market in Pakistan. Later on Magazines have been rolled out to several additional markets.

## Controversies

On 28 January 2014, Tech Moran (a Nairobi-based technology news website) reported that Lamudi was copying and pasting its competitors' property listings. Aneesa Arshad, CEO Lamudi East Africa commented on the allegations stating that many agents asked Lamudi Kenya to upload their listings and adds that some of the listings come from the agents and other agents refer them to BuyRentKenya where their listings already exist.
# Stork Fountain

The Stork Fountain is located on Amagertorv in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It was a present to Crown Prince Frederik (later Frederik VIII) and Crown Princess Louise in connection with their silver wedding anniversary in 1894. It depicts three storks about to set off.
Since 1950, it has been a tradition that newly graduated midwives dance around the fountain.

## History

In 1888, the Society for the Beautification of Copenhagen announced a competition for a fountain on the prominent square to celebrate the upcoming silver wedding anniversary of Crown Prince Frederik (VIII) and Crown Princess Louise on 28 July 1894.
The competition was won by Edvard Petersen and Vilhelm Bissen. Another entry in the competition was Thorvald Bindesbøll and Joakim Skovgaard's Dragon Fountain, which was later erected in the City Hall Square. Peder Vilhelm Jensen-Klint proposed a fountain depicting a merry Amager farmer sitting on a cabbagehead.
The fountain was inaugurated in 1894.

## Design

The fountain consists of a nine-sided basin of stone. It collects water from the bronze bowl at the top and the three small cascades around the edges of the central pedestal. The pedestal is decorated with reliefs of aquatic plants; in the basin, there are frogs sitting on dock leaves, spewing jets of water. On a shelf on the pedestal stand three storks ready to take flight in each of three different directions.
A common urban legend holds that the birds depicted are herons. In 2008, representatives from the Danish Ornithological Society stated that this is not true and that the birds are indeed storks.

## Colding-Jorgensen experiment

In early 2009, as part of a classroom experiment on viral communication, slacktivism, and social media, Anders Colding-Jørgensen, a lecturer from the University of Copenhagen, created a Facebook protest group against the demolition of the Stork Fountain. In a week it managed to attract 10,000 supporters and after two weeks it had 27,000 members. However, the cause was purely fictitious; there was no threat of demolition and the fountain is in fact a listed monument.

## Cultural references

During the late 1960s, the fountain became a popular meetingplace for members of the protest movements. Danish folk singer Cæsar received mainstream popularity with his protest song named Storkespringvandet (Stork Fountain) about police brutality. The song's lyrics, written by Thøger Olesen, were set to the popular Scottish nursery rhyme Ally Bally Bee (Coulter's Candy).
# Francis Slaven

Francis Ferguson Slaven (3 March 1931 – September 2007) was a Zimbabwean first-class cricketer and conveyancer.
Slaven was born at Bulawayo in Southern Rhodesia in March 1931. He later studied in England at Lincoln College at the University of Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar. While studying at Oxford, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for Oxford University against Gloucestershire and Lancashire at Oxford in 1955.
After graduating from Oxford, he returned to Southern Rhodesia where he became a conveyancer. Slaven died at Bulawayo in September 2007. His brother, Michael, also played first-class cricket.
# Isambard

Isambard is a given name. It is Norman, of Germanic origin, meaning either "iron-bright" or "iron-axe". The first element comes from isarn meaning iron (or steel). The second element comes from either biart-r (bright, glorious) or from barđa (a broad axe). It was used by:
* Marc Isambard Brunel (1769–1849), French-born engineer
* Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1806–1859), British engineer, son of Marc Isambard Brunel
* Sir Isambard Owen (1850–1927), British physician and university academic, son of an employee of Isambard Kingdom Brunel

## Variation

* Isambart (8th century), Frankish count
# Gallery Int Fashion Fair

Gallery Int Fashion Fair is a trade fair held twice a year during Copenhagen Fashion Week, in August and February.

## History

Christian Gregersen is the founder and owner of Gallery Int Fashion Fair. He is also the co-organizer of Copenhagen Fashion Week and the owner of Gregersen Communication (founded in 1999).

## Description

Gergersen founded Gallery Int Fashion Fair in 2005 as a small showroom. By 2008, it had grown into a full sized fair with 350 leading brands.
Currently, the fair represents more than 150 leading, design driven fashion brands from Scandinavia and 200 design driven brands from around the world. Gallery has also one of Europe's biggest show scenes with more than 20 catwalks shows each year and has had 120 shows within the last 6 years. Among the shows are Marimekko, Jill Sander, Cheap Monday, Vivienne Westwood, Henrik Vibskov, and Peter Jensen. Among the exhibitors are Wood Wood, Tiger of Sweden, Kitsune, Altewai.samoe, Carin Wester, Veronica B. Vallnes, Tabernacle Twins, Foreign Affairs, Soulland, Norse Project, Sand and Day.
# Boston brace

The Boston brace, a type of thoraco-lumbo-sacral-orthosis (TLSO), is a back brace used primarily for the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis in children. It was developed in 1972 by M.E "Bill" Miller and John Hall at the Boston Children's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts.

## Information

Since it lacks the metal superstructure of the Milwaukee brace, which was the most commonly worn brace until the development of the Boston brace, the brace is typically not noticeable under clothing. The Boston brace is prescribed for correcting curves in the lumbar or thoracolumbar part of the spine. It is designed to keep the lumbar area of the body in a flexed position by pushing the abdomen in and flattening the posterior lumbar contour. Pads are placed at the apex of the curves to provide pressure, and areas of relief from pressure are positioned opposite the curves.
The brace is normally used with growing adolescents to hold a 20° to 45° advancing curve. The brace is made of high density polypropylene lined with polyethylene foam that is customized to the individual patient, and it opens in the back via a series of Velcro straps.
Daily use of the brace ranges from 16 to 23 hours a day. The brace is intended to minimize the progression to an acceptable level, not to correct the curvature.

## History

M.E. "Bill" Miller patented the Boston brace in 1975.
# Bhimbor Deori

Bhimbor Deori (16 May 1903 – 30 November 1947) was an Indian tribal leader belonging to the Deori tribe from the state of Assam.
Deori was one of the main architects of the “Khasi Darbar Hall Resolutions” created on 21–23 March 1945. In these resolutions, indigenous leaders of different ethnic identities resolved to restore their independent homelands against what they termed Indian occupation. His father's name is Godaram Deori and his mother's name is Bajoti Deori
Deori helped found the General Secretary of Assam Backward Plains Tribal League in 1933. He stated that the government was not justified in stopping the remission of land revenue. He worked to ensure that indigenous Assamese people be allotted land pattas. While criticizing improper mass literacy campaigns during the Assam Legislative Council budget session on 9 to 13 March 1943. With his team effort Assam province was included in Republic of India. By refusing British viceroy's plan to include in to the Pakistan.
# WAKE

WAKE may refer to:
* WAKE (AM), a radio station (1500 AM) licensed to Valparaiso, Indiana, United States
* WAKE (cipher), Word Auto Key Encryption
* WAKE (novel), a young adult novel by Lisa McMann
* WAKE Radio, the student-operated radio station at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
* Bade Airport, the airport in Papua, Indonesia, assigned ICAO code WAKE
# Thunder into Our Hearts

Thunder into Our Hearts is the second album of South African group Jabula, released in 1976 on Caroline Records.
Recorded in November and December 1975 at Chalk Farm Studios and Decibel Studios in London, it is a further expedition in African-tinged jazz.
The album features the group and guest musicians: Frank Roberts (keyboards), Nick Evans (trombone), "Spartacus" (electric bass), Graeme Morgan (drums), Bob House (clarinet), Ken Ely, Jim Dvorak (trumpet), Mike Rose (flute).

## Personnel

* Acoustic Bass – Ernest Mothle
* Alto Saxophone – Dudu Pukwana
* Backing Vocals – Jim Chambers (tracks: A1, B2, B4), Jimmy Thomas (tracks: A1, B2, B4)
* Clarinet, Alto Saxophone – Bob Howse
* Drums – Graeme Morgan
* Drums [Molombo], Voice, Percussion, Liner Notes – Sebothane Julian Bahula
* Electric Bass – Spartacus R
* Engineer – Rod Howison, Vic Keary
* Flute – Mike Rose (tracks: B4)
* Guitar, Voice, Percussion – Madumetja Lucky Ranku
* Keyboards – Frank Roberts
* Photography by [Jabula] – Herbie Yoshinori Yamaguchi
* Producer – Roy Bedeau
* Sleeve – Cooke Key Associates
* Soprano Saxophone, Tenor Saxophone – Ken Eley
* Trombone – Nick Evans
* Trumpet – Jim Dvorak
* Voice – John Matshikiza (tracks: B1)
# Jawalapur

Jawalapur is a village in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from Kapurthala, which is both the district and sub-district headquarters. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative.

## Demography

According to the 2011 Census of India, Jawalapur had 62 houses and a population of 309, of which 168 were male and 141 female. The literacy rate was 78.06%, higher than the state average of 75.84%. The population of children in the age group 0–6 years was 31, being 10.03% of the total population. The child sex ratio was approximately 824, lower than the state average of 846.

## Population data

| Particulars | Total | Male | Female |
| Total No. of Houses | 62 | - | - |
| Population | 309 | 168 | 141 |
| Child (0-6) | 31 | 17 | 14 |
| Schedule Caste | 158 | 84 | 74 |
| Schedule Tribe | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Literacy | 78.06 % | 82.12 % | 73.23 % |
| Total Workers | 121 | 97 | 24 |
| Main Worker | 121 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal Worker | 0 | 0 | 0 |
# Žiga Zatežič

Žiga Zatežič (born 20 December 1995) is a Slovenian professional basketball player who last played for Krka-Telekom of the Telemach League.
# Fraas

Fraas is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eberhard Fraas (1862–1915), German geologist and paleontologist, son of Oscar
* Karl Nikolas Fraas (1810–1875), German botanist
* Oscar Fraas (1824–1897), German paleontologist
# Iaco River

Iaco River is a river of Acre and Amazonas states in western Brazil.
# Boruk, Vezirköprü

Boruk is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Vezirköprü, Samsun Province, Turkey. Its population is 832 (2022).
# Friden

Friden may refer to:

## People

* Anders Fridén (born 1973), Swedish vocalist and songwriter
* Carl Friden (1891–1945), Swedish-born, American mechanical engineer and businessman
* Yue Xia Wang Fridén (born 1962), Swedish-Chinese table tennis player

## Other uses

* Friden, Inc., an American company
* Friden, Derbyshire, a village in England
# Thryssa kammalensoides

Thryssa kammalensoides, the Godavari thryssa, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is found in the western Indian Ocean.

## Size

This species reaches a length of 16.6 cm (6.5 in).
# Ghudani Khurd

Ghudani Khurd is a small village near Khanna, Punjab, in India. It comes under Tehsil Payal Dist. Ludhiana. The mother of Jagmeet Singh, leader of New Democratic Party Canada, is from here.

## Nearby villages

Below is the list of nearest villages:
* Jandali
* Nasrali
* Dhamot Kalan
* Aslapur
* Khakhon
* Ishanpur
* Jallah
* Jargari
* Taunsa
* Karaundia
* Rohnon Khurd
* Chima
* Dahmot Khurd
* Ghurani Khurd
* Rauni
* Isaru Kalan
* Julajan
* Diwa Mander
* Diwa Khosa
* Lasara
* Nizampur
* Lasara Pallewal
* Aluna Palla
* Ghadewal
* Khakhun
* Panjrukha
* Fatehpur
* Aluna Miana
* Sihaura
# Mareba

Mareba is a village and sector in Bugesera District, Eastern Province in Rwanda, with a population of 29,266 (2022 census) and an area of 55.91 square kilometers.
# Frabosa Sottana

Frabosa Sottana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Cuneo. The economy is based on winter tourism, based on the nearby ski resort of Prato Nevoso.
Frabosa Sottana borders the following municipalities: Frabosa Soprana, Magliano Alpi, Monastero di Vasco, Roccaforte Mondovì, and Villanova Mondovì.
Frabosa Sottana is in the area of the Occitan language minority.
# Vincenzo Loria

Vincenzo Loria (September 4, 1850 – 1939) was an Italian painter, active mainly as a watercolor artist in Naples.
Born in Salerno, he went to Naples and studied under professor Domenico Morelli, painting genre subjects sometimes in oil, but more commonly in watercolor. He exhibited at Turin, Milan, Venice, and yearly at the Naples Promotrice. Among his works are Si va al bagno; Battesimo in costume del settecento; and Una pagina del Corano. He also made color lithographs of murals from Pompeii and Herculaneum.
# Isebakke

Isebakke is a village in the municipality of Halden, Norway. Its population (SSB 2005) is 770.
59°06′52″N 11°18′30″E﻿ / ﻿59.1144°N 11.3083°E﻿ / 59.1144; 11.3083
* This Østfold location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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