OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Land and Overland

The Land and Overland trilogy is a group of three science fantasy novels by Northern Irish writer Bob Shaw.
The trilogy consists of the books The Ragged Astronauts (published in 1986), The Wooden Spaceships (1988) and The Fugitive Worlds (1989). In the United Kingdom, all three novels were originally published by Victor Gollancz. The Ragged Astronauts won the BSFA Award for best Novel in 1987.
The setting for the trilogy is a pair of planets, Land and Overland, which orbit about a common centre of gravity, close enough to each other that they share a common atmosphere.

## Plot
### The Ragged Astronauts

Land is a strictly feudal society that undergoes a peak energy crisis (the trees that provide energy and hard materials are scarce), and is undergoing a process of cultural decay. Much of the human population of Land travels to Overland via hot-air balloon to escape airborne creatures called the Ptertha.

#### Translations

* Russian: "Астронавты в лохмотьях" ("Astronauts in Rags"), 2003
* German: "Die Heißluft-Astronauten", 1991 (ISBN 3-453-04484-3)
* Czech: "Primitivní Astronauti", 1993
* Polish: "Kosmiczna przeprowadzka" ("Space removal"), 1994 (ISBN 83-7082-624-5)
* Italian: "L'invasione dei Ptertha: (Sfida al cielo)" ("The Ptertha invasion, or Challenge to the sky"), 1999 (ISBN 88-4291-093-7)
* Romanian: "Astronauții zdrențăroși"

### The Wooden Spaceships

Conflict breaks out between the new inhabitants of Overland and those who stayed behind on Land and, having developed an immunity to the Ptertha, intend to invade Overland. The inhabitants of Overland manage to defeat them by erecting a network of fortresses between the two planets. The spaceships of the title are made of a super-hard wood, brakka.

#### Translations

* Russian: "Деревянные космолёты" ("The Wooden Spaceships"), 2003
* German: "Die hölzernen Raumschiffe", 1991 (ISBN 3-453-04485-1)
* Czech: "Dřevěné kosmické lodě", 1996
* Italian: "L'attacco di mondo" ("The attack to the world"), 2000 (ISBN 8842911275)
* Romanian: N/A

### The Fugitive Worlds

A strange object begins to approach the planets from outer space.

#### Translations

* Russian: "Беглые планеты" ("The Fugitive Planets"), 2003
* German: "Die flüchtigen Welten", 1991 (ISBN 3-453-04486-X)
* Italian: "Verso l'ignoto" ("Towards the Unknown"), 2000 (ISBN 8842911364)

## Reception

Orson Scott Card reviewed the first volume favourably, saying "The Ragged Astronauts is what an 18th-century hard-sf novel might have been, if Swift or Defoe had paid more attention to Newton. There are marvels enough to make you feel like you're discovering science fiction for the first time. . . . Shaw writes with an extraordinary combination of intelligence, clarity, and compassion."
# Ghaith Abdul-Ahad

Ghaith Abdul-Ahad (Arabic: غيث عبدالأحد, born 1975) is an Iraqi journalist who began working after the U.S. invasion. Abdul-Ahad has written for The Guardian and The Washington Post and published photographs in The New York Times, The Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, The Guardian, The Times (London), and other media outlets. Besides reporting from his native Iraq, he has also reported from Somalia, Sudan, Afghanistan, Libya and Syria.
Abdul-Ahad has received the Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, the James Cameron Memorial Trust Award, the British Press Awards' Foreign Reporter of the Year and the Orwell Prize.
Author of the book A Stranger in Your Own City: Travels in the Middle East's Long War, published on March 14, 2023, in which he describes how he, and other Iraqis, experienced life and war in Iraq before and after the invasion and occupation.

## Background

Abdul-Ahad was born in Baghdad, Iraq in 1975. He studied architecture at Baghdad University and had never traveled outside Iraq prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. As a deserter from Saddam Hussein's Iraqi army, he lived underground in Baghdad for six years, having to change his residence every few months in order to avoid detection and arrest.
He began doing street photography in 2001 and was determined to document conditions in Baghdad during the war. This aroused suspicion, and he was arrested three days before the end of major combat operations, though he was able to escape by bribing his guards.

## Career

After the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Abdul-Ahad became a freelance photographer for Getty Images and journalist, writing for the British The Guardian from 2004.
In October 2005, he published his book Unembedded: Four Independent Photojournalists on the War in Iraq which features his photography along with that of Kael Alford, Thorne Anderson and Rita Leistner.
In October 2010 Abdul-Ahad was imprisoned for five days by the Taliban fighters he had gone to interview.
In late February 2011 Abdul-Ahad entered Libya to report on the Libyan civil war. He was detained on 2 March by the Libyan Army in the town of Sabratha. His traveling companion, the Brazilian journalist Andrei Netto of O Estado de S. Paulo was released on 10 March, with Netto attributing his release to the good relationship between Brazil and Libya. On 13 March Amnesty International and others called for Abdul-Ahad to be released; he was finally released on 16 March, after the Turkish government assisted negotiations and editor Alan Rusbridger flew to Tripoli.
Abdul-Ahad's most recent work revolves around the Syrian Civil War focusing on the rebels and their stalemate between determined loyalists.

## Awards

* Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, 2005
* James Cameron Memorial Trust Award, 2007
* British Press Awards Foreign Reporter of the Year, 2008
* The Orwell Prize for Journalism, 2014
* News & Documentary Emmy Awards for Best Story in a News Magazine and Outstanding Coverage of a Breaking News Story in a News Magazine, 2017
# Gerson Lwenge

Gerson Hosea Malangalila Lwenge (born 20 February 1951) is a Tanzanian CCM politician and Member of Parliament for Njombe West constituency since 2010.
# William Richardson (classicist)

William Richardson FRSE (1 October 1743 – 3 November 1814) was a Scottish classicist and literary scholar. In 1783, he was a joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

## Life

Born in Aberfoyle, Perthshire, he was the son of Rev. James Richardson, the Church of Scotland parish minister of the same parish in which William was first educated. William attended the University of Glasgow in 1757 where he focused on his talent for learning languages. He graduated MA from the University in 1763 and was employed by Charles Cathcart, 9th Lord Cathcart, as tutor to his two sons.
William travelled to Russia with the Cathcart family, after Lord Cathcart was appointed ambassador to Russia in 1768. It was during these travels that Richardson described Russia through a series of letters. He later had them published, in 1784, under the title Anecdotes of the Russian Empire; in a series of letters, written, a few years ago, from St. Petersburg. These letters would later go down as a very accurate detail of Russian society.
After returning to Scotland in 1772, Richardson was appointed professor of humanities at the University of Glasgow in 1773. With the ability to attract many great scholars, and also being a very popular lecturer, Glasgow became a prestigious institution. Richardson would also publish five works criticizing Shakespeare. Richardson was very interested in not only English literature, but he also read German, Italian, and French literature.
He died a single man in his lodgings at Glasgow University.

## Archives

The archives for William Richardson are maintained by the Archives of the University of Glasgow (GUAS).
# William Richardson (bishop)

William Moore Richardson (1844 – 6 March 1915) was the Anglican Bishop of Zanzibar from 1895 until 1901.
He was born in 1844,educated at Rossall School and Merton College, Oxford and ordained in 1869. He held incumbencies at Wolvercote and Ponteland before his elevation to the episcopate. On his return from Africa he was Warden of the Community of St Thomas the Martyr in Oxford until his retirement in 1910. He died on 6 March 1915.
# From California with Love

From California with Love is an album by American jazz pianist Andrew Hill, recorded in 1978 and released on the Artists House label. The album features two of Hill's original compositions.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The Globe and Mail wrote that Hill "is a free player, but one with a gentle disposition, and here he builds two side-long solos ... on ideas more than energy."
The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow stated: "The creative pianist is heard on two sidelong solo improvisations on this excellent LP, building his solos from fairly simple themes into works of great complexity and individuality".

## Track listing

    All compositions by Andrew Hill except as indicated
* "From California with Love" - 19:57
* "Reverend DuBop - 18:45
   * Recorded at Fantasy Studios, Berkeley, California on October 12, 1978

## Personnel

* Andrew Hill - piano
# From Chaos to 1984

From Chaos to 1984 is a live album by English punk rock/Oi! band, The 4-Skins. Released in 1984 on Syndicate Records, it is the band's third and final album. Recorded in mid-1984 in front of an invited audience of friends at a studio in Waterloo Road, London, the album documents the band's farewell concert and final recordings (until 2007's partial reunion).

## Track listing

(all songs written by The 4-Skins.)
* "Wonderful World"
* "Jealousy"
* "On the Streets"
* "Johnny Go Home"
* "1984"
* "Bread or Blood"
* "Saturday"
* "A.C.A.B."
* "City Boy"
* "Five More Years"
* "Evil"
* "On File"
* "Clockwork Skinhead"
* "Chaos"

## Personnel

* Roi Pearce - lead vocals
* Hoxton Tom McCourt - bass guitar
* Ian Bransom - drums
* Paul Swain - guitar
# William W. Kincaid

William Wallace Kincaid (April 26, 1868 – May 19, 1946) was an American entrepreneur, businessman, executive, and inventor. He was founder of the Spirella Co., manufacturer of Spirella corsets, and served as president of the National Personnel Association and as president of the American Management Association.

## Biography
### Youth, education, and early career

Kincaid was born in 1868 in Wayne Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania, son of Reverend John S. Kincaid and Margaretta (Tuttle) Kincaid. He graduated from the High School in Corry, Pennsylvania in 1887. After his graduation in 1887 Kincaid started as a book canvasser, and in 1896 entered the publishing business. In 1904 he founded Spirella Co., Inc., a corset manufacturer in Niagara Falls, New York. In the same city he became counsellor of the national chamber and president of the Niagara Falls chamber.

### Further career

In 1908 Kincaid started expanding his company abroad. He founded The Spirella Co. of Canada Ltd. in Niagara Falls, Ontario in 1908, The Spirella Co. of Great Britain Ltd. in Letchworth in Hertfordshire, England in 1909, and the Korsettfabriken Spirella Aktiebolag in Germany in 1920.
Before and after World War I, Kincaid represented the United States Chamber of Commerce on the international check committee in London, in 1914, 1920 and 1921, and served as delegate to the International Chamber of Commerce. Back in the States he served as president of the National Personnel Association in 1922, and as president of the American Management Association in 1928 as successor of Frank L. Sweetser.

### Personal

Kincaid married Clara Elizabeth Greenley on May 28, 1894.

## Selected publications
### Articles, a selection

* Kincaid, W. W. "Requirements of the Educational and Non-Theatrical Entertainment Field." Transactions of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers 8.18 (1924): 111–118.
* American Management Association, and William Wallace Kincaid. Co-ordination of Executive Activities, the Major Management Problem. 1923.
* Kincaid, William Wallace. "Canadian-American Friendship." New York History 18.1 (1937): 41–43.

### Patents, a selection

* Kincaid, William W. "Rubber hose." U.S. Patent No. 1,206,230. November 28, 1916.
* Kincaid, Walter W. "Automatic gate." U.S. Patent No. 1,944,349. January 23, 1934.
# Manuel Carballo

Manuel Carballo may refer to:
* Manuel Carballo (gymnast) (born 1982), Spanish artistic gymnast
* Manuel Carballo (epidemiologist), epidemiologist
* Manuel Carballo (athlete) (born 1948), Spanish sprinter, see Spain at the 1972 Summer Olympics
* Manuel Carballo (director), Spanish film director, see Exorcismus
# Manojlica

Manojlica is a village in the municipality of Svrljig, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 272 people.
# Laixi railway station

Laixi railway station (Chinese: 莱西站; pinyin: Láixī zhàn) is a railway station in Laixi, Qingdao, Shandong, China. It is situated about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of the centre of Laixi.

## History

The station was opened on 28 December 2014 along with the Qingdao–Rongcheng intercity railway. The station was closed from 10 July 2019 for reconstruction as part of the Weifang–Laixi high-speed railway. The station is the start of the Laixi–Rongcheng high-speed railway, which provides a faster journey to Rongcheng.

## Name

The station opened as Laixi North, despite being situated to the south of Laixi. However, it is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north of Laixi railway station on the Lancun–Yantai railway, which opened in 1955. In 2020, in preparation for reopening, the name was changed to Laixi railway station. The original Laixi railway station was renamed Laixi South.
# Édouard Chassaignac

Édouard-Pierre-Marie Chassaignac (24 December 1804 – 26 August 1879) was a French physician. He was born in Nantes and in 1835 became prosector and professor at the university and physician at the central bureau of the hospitals of Paris. He originated the surgical operation known as écrasement, by means of which tumors, piles, polypi, and other growths may be removed without the effusion of blood. The general introduction of drainage in surgery is also due to his initiative. He introduced the use of drainage tubes into surgery.

## Written works

He wrote Traité de l'écrasement linéaire (1856); Leçons sur la trachéométrie (1855); Clinique chirurgicale (1854–58); Traité pratique de la suppuration et du drainage chirurgical (two volumes, 1859). With Gustave-Antoine Richelot (1806-1893) he published a French translation of the surgical works of Astley Cooper, Oeuvres chirurgicales complètes d’Astley Cooper.

## Terms

Chassaignac's tubercle — the strongly developed anterior tubercle of the transverse process of the sixth cervical vertebra: called also carotid tubercle.
    Dorland's Medical Dictionary (1938)
# Laiyuan (disambiguation)

Laiyuan may refer to:
* Laiyuan County (涞源县), of Baoding, Hebei
* Chinese cruiser Laiyuan (來遠), armoured cruiser of the Beiyang Fleet during the Qing dynasty
* Laiyuan, Qi County, Shanxi (来远镇), town in Qi County, Shanxi
# Émile Pinet-Laprade

Émile Pinet-Laprade (1822–1869) was a French governor of Senegal.

## Biography

Succeeding Bernard Jauréguiberry, Pinet-Laprade was governor of Senegal from May 13, 1863, until July 14, 1863. Louis Faidherbe then took over until May 1, 1865, when Pinet-Laprade assumed the position again until July 14, 1863. Ferdinand Charles Alexandre Tredos then succeeded him. Pinet-Laprade was born on July 13, 1822, in Mirepoix, Ariège and died on August 17, 1869, in Saint-Louis, Senegal. He was buried in Mirepoix on August 11, 1872.

## Posterity

A major boulevard in Dakar bears his name. He had no children.
# Marasmarcha rhypodactylus

Marasmarcha rhypodactylus is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Russia, Turkey, Lebanon, Kazakhstan, Iraq and Iran.
The wingspan is 24–27 mm.
# Williams Pond

Williams Pond (77°32′S 160°58′E﻿ / ﻿77.533°S 160.967°E﻿ / -77.533; 160.967) is a pond 0.4 miles (0.64 km) north of the east end of Hoffman Ledge, within the Labyrinth of Wright Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys. The basin is named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after M.W. (Max) Williams of Hamilton, New Zealand, a driller and supervisor with the New Zealand drilling team which was on site for the Murdo Dry Valleys Drilling Project from 1973 through 1976.
# William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam

William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam may refer to:
* William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam (1748–1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, British Whig statesman
* William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 6th Earl Fitzwilliam (1815–1902), British peer and Liberal politician
* William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 7th Earl Fitzwilliam (1872–1943), British aristocrat
* William Wentworth-FitzWilliam, Viscount Milton (1839–1877), British nobleman, explorer and politician
* William Henry Wentworth-FitzWilliam (1840–1920), British Liberal, and later Liberal Unionist politician
# Fuentes de Año

Fuentes de Año (Spanish pronunciation:) is a municipality located in the province of Ávila, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 162 inhabitants.
# Étréchy, Cher

Étréchy (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.

## Geography

A farming area consisting of the village and a couple of hamlets situated some 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Bourges, at the junction of the D158 with the D52, D36 and D93 roads.

## Sights

* The church of St. Germain, dating from the thirteenth century.
* The chateau of Astilly, dating from the fifteenth century.
# Mantash, Armenia

Mantash may refer to:
* Mets Mantash, Armenia
* Pokr Mantash, Armenia
# Lalila

Lalila may refer to:

## Characters

* Lalila, a character the novel Hadon of Ancient Opar by Philip José Farmer
* Lalila, a character in the Mouk TV series

## People

* Lalila El Basiouny ranked 37 for Egypt at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships
# Lake Monticello

Lake Monticello may refer to:
* Lake Monticello, Virginia, a community and lake
* Lake Monticello (Arkansas), a man-made lake in Monticello, Arkansas
* Lake Monticello (Texas), a lake near Mount Pleasant, Texas
* Monticello Lake, a lake near Monticello, Utah
# Front Line (album)

Front Line is an album by pianist Jodie Christian. It was recorded during January 1996 at Riverside Studios in Chicago, and was released later that year by Delmark Records. On the album, Christian is joined by saxophonists Norris Turney and Eddie Johnson, trumpeter Sonny Cohn, bassist John Whitfield, and drummers Ernie Adams and Gerryck King. Vocalist Francine Griffin also appears on one track.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In a review for AllMusic, Alex Henderson wrote: "Outside of the Windy City, Christian isn't nearly as well known as he deserves to be, but that doesn't make Front Line any less appealing."
The authors of The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings called the album "good fun," and described the band as "a nice group of oldtimers." They stated: "Christian acts as coach and gets the best out of the team."
Writing for JazzTimes, Owen Cordle commented: "The results are first class... The underrated and versatile Christian shows all the traits that make Chicago pianists so likable: the clean attack, the ensemble-like block chords, a basic warmth, the feeling of the church and the blues, and an infectious sense of rhythm."

## Track listing

* "In a Mellow Tone" (Duke Ellington, Milt Gabler) – 8:30
* "Willow Weep for Me" (Ann Ronell) – 7:20
* "Lester Left Town" (Wayne Shorter) – 7:30
* "Front Line" (Jodie Christian) – 6:45
* "Don't Get Around Much Anymore" (Duke Ellington / Bob Russell) – 4:35
* "Chelsea Bridge" (Billy Strayhorn) – 6:40
* "Mood Indigo" (Barney Bigard / Duke Ellington / Irving Mills) – 6:35
* "All Blues" (Miles Davis) – 10:03
* "Faith" (Jodie Christian) – 2:13
* "Splanky" (Neal Hefti) – 8:30

## Personnel

* Jodie Christian – piano
* Norris Turney – alto saxophone
* Eddie Johnson – tenor saxophone
* Sonny Cohn – trumpet
* John Whitfield – bass
* Ernie Adams – drums (tracks 1, 2, 4, 6–8)
* Gerryck King – drums (tracks 3, 5, 9, 10)
* Francine Griffin – vocals (track 5)
# Lake Lurleen State Park

Lake Lurleen State Park is a publicly owned recreation area located on U.S. Highway 82 approximately 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Northport in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama. The state park's 1,625 acres (658 ha) include 250-acre (100 ha) Lake Lurleen and a 23-mile (37 km) trail system. It is operated by the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.

## History

After purchasing the site of the park in 1952, the state began construction of a dam on a tributary of Big Creek to create a 250-acre (100 ha) lake. Various concessionaires operated the park under the name Tuscaloosa County Public Lake from 1956 until 1970, when the state took control and added new facilities. In 1972, the park was renamed after Lurleen Wallace, a native of Tuscaloosa County and Alabama's first female governor, who had died in office four years earlier.

## Activities and amenities

Lake Lurleen is used for swimming, boating and fishing, and is stocked with largemouth bass, bream, catfish and crappie. The state park offers 91 campsites and a 23-mile (37 km) system of trails for hiking and mountain biking that encircles the lake. The trail system was designated as a National Recreation Trail in 2011.
# Étude No. 8 (Villa-Lobos)

Heitor Villa-Lobos's Étude No. 8, one of his Twelve Études for Guitar, was first published by Max Eschig, Paris, in 1953.

## History

The first public performance of this étude (together with those of Études 1 and 7) was given by Andrés Segovia on 5 March 1947 at Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts.

## Structure

The piece is in C-sharp minor and is marked Modéré.

## Analysis

Étude No. 8 is a study in arpeggios and slurs. The main melody is introduced first in the bass, under the arpeggios, then is passed to the higher strings, and back and forth.
# Étude No. 5 (Villa-Lobos)

Heitor Villa-Lobos's Étude No. 5, part of his Twelve Études for Guitar, was first published by Max Eschig, Paris, in 1953.

## History

The autograph manuscript of Etude No. 5, held by the Yale University Library, is dated 1929, France, and is dedicated to Andrés Segovia.

## Structure

The piece is in C major and is marked Andantino.

## Analysis

Étude No. 5 is a contrapuntal study. The deliberately monotonous accompaniment in broken thirds contrasts with the melody, played on the treble strings.
# Łódź Radogoszcz Zachód railway station

Łódź Radogoszcz Zachód (English: Łódź Radogoszcz West) is a commuter railway station located in Łódź, in Bałuty district, between Zgierz and Łódź Żabieniec stations. It was built in early 2010s and opened in 2013 as part of Łódź Commuter Railway project. It serves only regional and commuter trains running from Łódź Kaliska station toward Łowicz and Kutno, as well as routes over the railway ring between Zgierz and Łódź Widzew stations. It bears the name after the estate, located right next to the station.
# Lake Meston (Tasmania)

The Lake Meston is a natural lake that is located in the central northern region of Tasmania, Australia in the Walls of Jerusalem National Park, and is the source of the Mersey River.

## Early Inhabitants

In 1922, brothers Arthur and Percy Youd built a hut at Lake Meston establishing a large hunting territory for fur that covered a wide area to the north, east and south of the lake. Percy became ill and died in 1928, Arthur continued to hunt from Lake Meston for 60 Years.
Arthur was trapped in his hut by snow at one stage. This story was relayed to Dick Read another Bushmen that roamed the highlands and was incorporated into the design of a new hut built by Dick and his friends at Lake Meston.

## Recent use

The hut is now used by bushwalkers and keen fishermen alike.
Rainbow trout were first introduced into these waterways by the one and only airdrop of rainbows into Lake Meston in the 1950s.