# Timeline of Lisbon

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Lisbon, Portugal.

## Prior to 15th century

* 205 BCE – Romans in power; Olisipo (Felicitas Julia) designated a municipio in Lusitania province.
* 57 CE – Theatre built.
* 4th C. CE – Catholic diocese of Olisipo established; Potamius becomes bishop.
* 407 CE – Alans in power.
* 585 – Visigoths in power.
* 710s – Olisipo taken by Moors; renamed "al-Ushbuni".
* 844 – City attacked by Norman forces.
* 1108 – City taken by Norwegian crusaders.
* 1110 – City taken by Almoravids under Sir b. Abi Bakr.
* 1147
** Siege of Lisbon by Christian forces under Afonso I.
** Lisbon Cathedral construction begins.
* 1179 – City receives charter.
* 1184 – City attacked by Muslim forces under Abu Yaqub Yusuf.
* 1242 – Convento de São Domingos de Lisboa founded.
* 1256 – Lisbon becomes capital of the Kingdom of Portugal.
* 1290 – University founded.
* 1300 – Castle of São Jorge renovated (approximate date).
* 1344 – Earthquake.
* 1348 – Plague.
* 1373 – City sacked by Castilian forces.
* 1375 – Cerca Nova [pt] (city wall) built.
* 1378 – National Archive installed in the São Jorge Castle (approximate date).
* 1384 – Lisbon besieged by Castilian forces.
* 1389 – Carmo Convent founded.
* 1394 – Catholic Archdiocese of Lisbon established;
* 1395 – Serviço de Incêndios [pt] (fire brigade) organized.

## 15th–17th centuries

* 1422 – Lisbon "made the capital of the kingdom by John I"
* 1441 – African slave trade begins (abolished in 1836).
* 1450 – Estaus Palace built (approximate date).
* 1467 – Palácio Almada [pt] (residence) built.
* 1495 – Printing press in operation (approximate date).
* 1497 – Vasco da Gama departs from Lisbon on first voyage to India.
* 1501 – Jerónimos Monastery construction begins.
* 1504 – Hospital Real de Todos os Santos built.
* 1506 – April: Pogrom of Jews.
* 1511 – Ribeira Palace built (approximate date).
* 1514 – Restelo Hermitage built.
* 1519 – Belém Tower built.
* 1531 – Earthquake.
* 1554 – Damião de Góis' Urbis Olisiponis Descriptio published.
* 1569 – Plague.
* 1571 – Casa de Despacho da Santa Inquisição (House of the Holy Inquisition) begins functioning.
* 1572 – Brás de Albuquerque [pt] becomes Câmara Municipal senate president (i.e. mayor).
* 1574 – Duarte da Costa becomes mayor.
* 1580 – 25 August: Battle of Alcântara fought near Lisbon; Spanish in power.
* 1588 – 28 May: Military Spanish Armada departs from Lisbon for England.
* 1594 – Aula do Risco (school) established.
* 1597
** Earthquake.
** Printer Pedro Craesbeeck [pt] in business.
* 1598 - São Bento Palace originally built.
* 1601 – Jerónimos Monastery built.
* 1624 - English College, Lisbon opened.
* 1629 - Monastery of São Vicente de Fora completed.
* 1640 – December: Coup d'état; Spanish ousted.
* 1647 – Aula de Fortificação e Arquitetura Militar [pt] (school) founded.
* 1668 – February: Peace treaty between Spain and Portugal signed in Lisbon.
* 1681 – Church of Santa Engrácia construction begins.

## 18th century

* 1715 – Gazeta de Lisboa [pt] newspaper begins publication.
* 1720 – Academia Real da História Portuguesa [pt] founded.
* 1724 – British Cemetery opens, to cater for Protestants in the city.
* 1748 – Águas Livres Aqueduct begins operating.
* 1754 – Belém Palace built (approximate date).
* 1755
** 1 November: Earthquake, tsunami, and fire devastate city and killed thousands.
** Ribeira Palace destroyed.
** Baixa Pombalina planning begins.
* 1761 – Real Barraca (royal palace) built in Ajuda near Lisbon.
* 1764 – Passeio Público (park) opens.
* 1768 – Jardim Botânico da Ajuda [pt] (garden) founded near city.
* 1769 – Lisbon Stock Exchange formed.
* 1774 – Lisbon City Archives moved into Lisbon City Hall.
* 1775 – Equestrian statue of José I [pt] erected in the Praça do Comércio.
* 1779 – Lisbon Science Academy founded.
* 1780
** Street lighting installed.
** Casa Pia orphanage founded.
* 1787 – Remodelled Rua Nova do Almada [pt] opens.
* 1790 – Academia Real de Fortificação, Artilharia e Desenho [pt] founded.
* 1793 – Teatro Nacional de São Carlos (theatre) opens.
* 1796 – Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal established.

## 19th century

* 1801 – Street name signage installed.
* 1807 – 30 November: French forces take Lisbon.
* 1808
** French ousted by British forces.
** Telegrafo Portuguez [pt] in publication.
* 1831 – "Military insurrection...suppressed."
* 1833 – Prazeres Cemetery established.
* 1834 – Portuguese Parliament begins meeting in the Palácio das Cortes.
* 1835 – Public Ajuda Cemetery [pt] established.
* 1836 – Academia de Belas-Artes established.
* 1837 – Sociedade Propagadora dos Conhecimentos Úteis founded.
* 1839 – Associação Marítima e Colonial headquartered in Lisbon.
* 1841 – Alto de São João Cemetery established.
* 1846
** National Theatre D. Maria II built.
** Grémio Literário de Lisboa founded.
* 1852 – Instituto Industrial established.
* 1856 – Associação Naval de Lisboa founded.
* 1859 – Yellow fever outbreak.
* 1864
** Diário de Notícias newspaper begins publication.
** Population: 190,311.
* 1865 – Santa Apolónia railway station opens.
* 1867 – Teatro da Trindade theatre opens.
* 1873
** Horsecar tram begins operating.
** Rua Augusta Arch erected.
* 1874 – Column of Pedro IV erected.
* 1875
** Lisbon Geographic Society formed.
** May: Boating accident on Tagus river kills dozens.
* 1877 – Construction of Linha do Norte (railway) to Porto completed.
* 1878
** Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon and Jardim Botânico de Lisboa [pt] (garden) established.
** Population: 246,343.
* 1880 – Alviella aqueduct begins operating.
* 1882
** Marquess of Pombal Square laid out.
** Anglo-Portuguese Telephone Company begins telephone services.
* 1883 – December: Dockyard fire occurs.
* 1884
** National Museum of Ancient Art founded.
** Lisbon Zoo founded.
* 1885
** Glória Funicular begins operating.
** Covered market built in Praça da Figueira (approximate date).
** Belém becomes part of city.
* 1886 – Avenida da Liberdade laid out; Monument to the Restorers unveiled.
* 1887 – Linha de Sintra (railway) begins operating.
* 1890
** Coliseu dos Recreios founded.
** Population: 300,964.
* 1891 – Central Station and Rossio tunnel [pt] open.
* 1892 – Campo Pequeno bullring built.
* 1893 – National Archaeology Museum founded.
* 1894
** June: Bakers conduct labor strike.
** Pedro Augusto Franco [pt] becomes mayor.
* 1895
** June: "Chamber of deputies" burns down.
** Linha de Cascais railway begins operating; Cais do Sodré railway station opens.
* 1897
** Olivais Cemetery [pt] established.
** Zófimo Consiglieri Pedroso becomes mayor.
* 1900
** Santa Justa Lift begins operating.
** Population: 351,210 city; 709,509 district.

## 20th century
### 1900s–1940s

* 1901
** Electric tram begins operating.
** António José de Ávila becomes mayor.
* 1902
** Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical [pt] established.
** Ancient "chapel and tombs" discovered.
* 1903 - Visit by Edward VII commemorated by Eduardo VII Park.
* 1904
** António de Azevedo Castelo Branco [pt] becomes mayor.
** Grupo Sport Lisboa formed.
* 1905
** Café A Brasileira opens.
** National Coach Museum created.
* 1906
** Colonial School and Sporting Clube de Portugal founded.
** Lisbon Tropical Botanical Garden opens.
* 1908 – 1 February: Carlos I and his son, Luís Filipe, are assassinated in the Praça do Comércio.
* 1909
** 23 April: Earthquake.
** City Museum established.
* 1910
** Anselmo Braamcamp Freire becomes mayor.
** City becomes capital of the First Portuguese Republic.
* 1911
** University of Lisbon and Eduardo VII Park established.
** Cinema Olympia [pt] in business.
** Population: 435,359 city; 853,415 district.
* 1916
** 23 February: German ships seized at Lisbon; Germany subsequently declares war on Portugal, which officially enters World War I.
** Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro Museum opens.
* 1919 – Clube de Futebol Os Belenenses founded.
* 1920 – Population: 484,664.
* 1922 – Parque Mayer theater complex opens.
* 1926
** Ditadura Nacional (Military dictatorship) begins in Portugal.
** Setúbal District splits away from the Lisbon District.
* 1929 – Instituto Português de Heráldica [pt] headquartered in city.
* 1930
** Technical University of Lisbon established.
** Lisbon Book Fair begins.
** Population: 591,939.
* 1931
** Hemeroteca Municipal de Lisboa [pt] (periodical library) founded.
** Teatro Capitólio opens.
* 1932 – Estação Ferroviária do Sul e Sueste [pt] (railway station) opens.
* 1933 – City becomes capital of the fascist Portuguese Second Republic (Estado Novo) (until 1974).
* 1934 – Monsanto Forest Park formed.
* 1938
** Duarte Pacheco becomes mayor.
** Academia Portuguesa da História [pt] headquartered in Lisbon.
* 1940
** 23 June: Portuguese World Exhibition opens; closes 2 December.
** Population: 694,389.
* 1941 – 15 February: Cyclone occurs.
* 1942 – Lisbon Portela Airport opens.
* 1945 – A Bola sports newspaper begins publication.
* 1946 – Clube Oriental de Lisboa founded.
* 1947 – Grupo Surrealista de Lisboa (art group) formed.
* 1949 – Record sports newspaper begins publication.

### 1950s–1990s

* 1950
** Cinema São Jorge [pt] opens.
** Population: 783,226 city.
* 1952 – Centro Desportivo Universitário de Lisboa founded.
* 1953 - Hospital de Santa Maria opened.
* 1954 – Estádio da Luz (stadium) opens.
* 1956
** Estádio José Alvalade (stadium) and Teatro ABC open.
** Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation established.
* 1959
** Lisbon Metro begins operating.
** António Vitorino da França Borges [pt] becomes mayor.
** Cristo Rei statue erected.
* 1960 – Padrão dos Descobrimentos monument erected.
* 1963 – Navy Museum opens.
* 1965
** National Museum of Ethnology established.
** Museu Nacional do Azulejo formed.
* 1966 – 25 de Abril Bridge opens.
* 1968 – A Capital newspaper begins publication.
* 1969
** Teatro Maria Matos opens.
** Calouste Gulbenkian Museum opens.
* 1970
** Fernando Augusto Santos e Castro [pt] becomes mayor.
** Population: 769,410 city; 1,611,887 metro.
* 1971 – Empresa Pública de Urbanização de Lisboa [pt] (Public Consortium for the Urbanization of Lisbon) founded.
* 1972 – António Jorge da Silva Sebastião becomes mayor.
* 1973
** Teatro da Cornucópia founded.
** English College, Lisbon closed.
* 1974
** 25 April: Military coup d'état; Lisbon subsequently becomes capital of the democratic Third Portuguese Republic.
** Joaquim Caldeira Rodrigues becomes mayor.
* 1975
** Lino José Góis Ferreira becomes mayor.
** Teatro Aberto formed.
* 1977
** Aquilino Ribeiro Machado becomes mayor.
** National Museum of Costume and Fashion inaugurated.
* 1979 – Correio da Manhã newspaper begins publication.
* 1980
** Instituto Português do Livro [pt] headquartered in city.
** Nuno Krus Abecasis [pt] becomes mayor.
* 1981 – Population: 807,167 city.
* 1985
** Lisbon joins the newly formed União das Cidades Capitais Luso-Afro-Américo-Asiáticas.
** Torres das Amoreiras [pt] built.
** IAAF World Cross Country Championships held.
* 1986
** Lisbon Marathon begins.
** March: Associação Nacional de Municípios Portugueses [pt] meets in Lisbon.
* 1989 – Diário Económico newspaper begins publication.
* 1990
** Público newspaper begins publication.
** Electricity Museum opens.
** Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio becomes mayor.
* 1991 – Population: 663,394 city.
* 1992 – Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo formed.
* 1993 – Belém Cultural Center built.
* 1994
** World Junior Championships in Athletics held.
** Monumento aos Combatentes do Ultramar [de] unveiled.
* 1995
** Blue Line (Lisbon Metro) and Yellow Line (Lisbon Metro) in operation.
** Macau Science and Culture Centre initiated.
** João Barroso Soares becomes mayor.
* 1996 – Community of Portuguese Language Countries summit held.
* 1998
** Fado Museum, Gare do Oriente (railway station), Lisbon Oceanarium, Teatro Camões, and Vasco da Gama Bridge open.
** Expo '98 and Ibero-American Championships in Athletics held in Lisbon.
** 24 Horas [pt] newspaper begins publication.
** Pavilhão Atlântico and Vasco da Gama Tower built.
** Dom Fernando II e Glória restored.
** Cm-lisboa.pt website online (approximate date).
** Green Line (Lisbon Metro) and Red Line (Lisbon Metro) in operation.

## 21st century

* 2001
** IAAF World Indoor Championships held.
** Population: 564,657.
* 2002
** Euronext Lisbon founded.
** Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes becomes mayor.
* 2003
** Doclisboa film festival begins.
** Estádio da Luz and Estádio José Alvalade (stadiums) built.
* 2004
** Torre São Rafael [pt] built.
** António Pedro Nobre Carmona Rodrigues becomes mayor.
** Allied Joint Command Lisbon formed.
* 2005 – Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes becomes mayor, succeeded by António Pedro Nobre Carmona Rodrigues.
* 2006
** 29 January: Snow storm occurs.
** W.A.K.O. European Championships held.
* 2007
** December: EU Treaty signed in Lisbon.
** António Luís dos Santos da Costa becomes mayor.
** Berardo Collection Museum established.
* 2008
** 7 August: Kidnapping of hostages at Banco Espírito Santo branch in Campolide parish.
** Museum of the Orient opens.
** Contraditório headquartered in city.
* 2011 – Population: 547,733 city; 2,821,876 metro.
* 2012 –14 November: Anti-austerity protests.
* 2015 – Population: 504,471.
* 2017 – 1 October: Portuguese local election, 2017 held.