OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Breakover angle

Breakover angle or rampover angle is the maximum possible supplementary angle (usually expressed in degrees) that a vehicle, with at least one forward wheel and one rear wheel, can drive over without the apex of that angle touching any point of the vehicle other than the wheels. This definition is contingent upon the wheels being in continuous contact with the supporting surface(s). Breakover angle differs from ground clearance, which is the shortest distance between the ground and lowest point on the vehicle.

## Relevance

Breakover angle is a relevant performance metric in many common vehicle scenarios, including:
* Off-roading.
* Loading a vehicle onto a higher surface with a ramp.
* Going over raised railroad crossings.
* Going over speed bumps
* Going over linkspans and ferry slips
If a vehicle drives over a breakover angle larger than what it is capable of clearing, the vehicle will contact the apex of the angle, which will quite likely prevent the vehicle from continuing any further in its direction of travel, possibly even completely immobilizing the vehicle.

## Calculation

Assuming no tire deflection, and assuming an ideal breakover angle scenario (two flat surfaces coming to a point, a vehicle with the lowest point of the chassis located at its midsection, etc.), an approximation for the breakover angle of a vehicle can be calculated as follows:
${\text{breakover angle}}_{approximate}=2\cdot \arctan \left({\frac {2\cdot {\text{ground clearance}}}{\text{wheelbase}}}\right)$
# Lipparini

Lipparini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Giovanni Lipparini (died 1788), Italian sculptor
* Ludovico Lipparini (1800–1856), Italian painter
# Jane Franklin (cricketer)

Jane Franklin (born 11 January 1974 in Mansfield, Victoria) is an Australian former cricket player.
Franklin played domestic cricket for the Victoria women's cricket team between 1996 and 2009. She was a member of the Victorian Spirit team that defeated the New South Wales Breakers 2–1 in the finals series of the 2004–05 Women's National Cricket League.
Franklin played one Test and four One Day Internationals for the Australia national women's cricket team. She played two domestic Women's Twenty20 cricket matches, and 105 Women's National Cricket League matches.
# Guy Provost

Guy Provost, OC CQ (May 19, 1925 – February 10, 2004) was a French Canadian actor.
In 2002, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada for being a "giant of the performing arts, admired and respected for his sensitivity and discipline, [he] is also a model for the new generation of actors". In 2003, he was made a chevalier of the National Order of Quebec.
# Herman Taller

Herman Taller (5 May 1906, Baia de Aramă – June 1984, Warsaw, Poland) was a Romanian-born American obstetrician who advocated weight loss based on a low-carbohydrate diet with polyunsaturated fats including safflower oil. He was the author of the controversial best selling book, Calories Don't Count which made false health claims.

## Biography

Taller worked as a obstetrician and gynaecologist in New York. He was influenced by the low-carbohydrate dietary ideas of Alfred W. Pennington. In the early 1960s he developed a low-carbohydrate diet consisting of several high-fat meals a day such as red meat, fried chicken and mayonnaise with a high-dose of polyunsaturated fat in the form of safflower oil capsules which he argued would stimulate the pituitary gland to burn off fat at a faster rate. This idea has no scientific basis and was widely criticized by medical experts as dangerous. Taller promoted his low-carbohydrate diet in his 1961 book Calories Don't Count, which is cited by historians as an example of a fad diet.
Taller argued that pyruvic acid from the breakdown of carbohydrates inhibits the body from burning stored fat and then becomes fat so carbohydrates in the diet should be restricted whilst fat and protein are encouraged in high amounts.

## Fraud

The FDA charged that the 1961 book, which cited a specific source of safflower oil capsules in the first printings, existed solely to promote the sales of safflower oil capsules.
In 1962, FDA Commissioner George P. Larrick commented: "This bestselling book was deliberately created and used to promote these worthless safflower oil capsules for the treatment of obesity, cardiovascular diseases and other serious conditions. One of its main purposes was to promote the sale of a commercial product in which Dr. Taller had a financial interest." To this, his publisher Simon & Schuster replied: "There is nothing in the record which could possibly support these vicious and irresponsible innuendoes." The FDA's Larrick went further: "The book is full of false ideas, as many competent medical and nutritional writers have pointed out. Contrary to the book's basic premise, weight reduction requires the reduction of caloric intake. There is no easy, simple substitute. Unfortunately, calories do count."
Despite this, the book sold more than two million copies. Later, after a trial, and an unfavourable appeal on the confusion of the jury instructions about misdemeanors, Taller was found guilty of mail fraud and conspiracy in 1967, fined $7000, placed on probation for two years, and sentencing suspended on some charges. In later editions of Taller's book, the safflower oil capsules were not mentioned.

## Selected publications

* Calories Don't Count (Simon & Schuster, 1961)
# Jack Roche

Jack Roche is an Australian convicted on a charge of conspiring to commit an offence provided for by the Crimes (Internationally Protected Persons) Act 1976 to destroy an internationally protected building, the Israeli Embassy in Canberra, Australia.
A Muslim convert, Roche was convicted of conspiring to bomb the Israeli embassy in Canberra in 2000. The plan was never carried out. In June 2004, he was sentenced to nine years in prison effective from 18 November 2002, when he was arrested. A non-parole period of 41⁄2 years was fixed, and as such he was released on 17 May 2007. He had faced a maximum sentence of 25 years.

## Early life

He was born Paul George Holland in 1953, in the English city of Hull. He then moved to Australia in 1978. In 1992, he converted to Islam.

## Later life

In October 1993 he then travelled to Indonesia to learn more about Islam, where he met his third, and current, wife. Upon his return to Sydney, Australia in November 1995 he began to associate with Australia's Jemaah Islamiyah members. In late 1996 he met the then Amir (Abdullah Sungkar) of the Jemaah Islamiyah group in Sydney and swore allegiance to him as a member of the group.
In 2000, Roche travelled to Afghanistan, where he met with al-Qaeda leaders, such as Khalid Shaikh Mohammed and ultimately Osama bin Laden. After that, he received basic training in bomb making ( a very basic 10-day course). He was then instructed to organize the set up of a terror cell in Australia which was to target Israeli interests in the country, including the plot to bomb the Israeli embassy. Roche admits to having taken part in the plot, but said he did not plan to carry it out. He admitted to carrying out surveillance on Australian targets, but was unsuccessful in bringing in new recruits for the cell.
On 12 June 2000, Roche used a video camera that he had borrowed from Australian Muslim preacher Feiz Mohammad to film the Israeli embassy in Canberra, Australia.
In July 2000 Roche contacted ASIO via telephone 3 times in order to alert authorities as to dangerous elements evolving within Islamic communities in Australia. He had vital information regarding the locations of top Al Qaeda operatives including Khalid Shaikh Muhammd and Osama bin Ladin amongst others (in fact 6 of the FBI's top most wanted at the time). Roche maintains that had the necessary authorities taken the time to listen to his story, the events of 11 September 2001 and the Bali bombings in October 2002 could have been prevented. According to Roche, Indonesian Muslim cleric Abu Bakar Ba'asyir, whom Roche named as the head of Jemaah Islamiyah, eventually called him in August 2000 and ordered him to cancel the plan, having initially given Roche the go ahead to 'do what Hambali had instructed him to do'. Ba'asyir, who is in custody in Indonesia, and who is thought to be linked to terrorist organizations, denies the connection with Jemaah Islamiyah.
Since he was released on 17 May 2007, he lives in South Perth.
# Isoetes histrix

Isoetes histrix, the land quillwort, is an aquatic pteridophyte native to the Mediterranean region, northwestern Africa, and the coasts of western Europe northwest to Cornwall. It occurs mainly in temporarily wet habitats, otherwise called vernal pools.
The leaves are 3–8 cm long, and summer-deciduous. It differs from Isoetes durieui by its large black scales between the leaves, though these are not always present, and a surface of megaspores with tubercles, whereas I. durieui has a network of ridges.
# Griffith Morgan House

Griffith Morgan House is located in Pennsauken Township, Camden County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built in 1693 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 25, 1973.
# Jadar (Serbia)

The Jadar (Serbian Cyrillic: Јадар, pronounced) region begins roughly at the Osečina and it is divided in two sub-regions: Upper Jadar (around Osečina), which is part of much larger region of Rađevina, and Lower Jadar, which is also part of another, larger region of Podrinje. Center of the Lower Jadar is the town of Loznica, which is not on the Jadar river, but some 10 km to the southwest.
The region is located in the Jadar River valley, bordered by the mountains of Vlašić, Cer, Gučevo and Sokolska planina. Lower Jadar is a low, agricultural area, while the Upper Jadar was an important mining region (antimony mines of Zavlaka and Bela Crkva).
In August 1914, during World War I, a major battle between the Austro-Hungarian and Serbian army took place on the river. The Serbs defeated the Austrians. This battle known as Battle of Cer, was the first victory of Allied forces in World War I. The march that is considered to be somewhat an alternative national anthem of Serbia depicts this battle (Marš na Drinu).
A mineral, notable for having a formula similar (lacking fluorine for a complete match) to that of the fictional kryptonite from the Superman comic books and movies, was found in a mine in the Jadar region and has been named jadarite, after the region.
# Izza Génini

Izza Génini (born 1942) is a Moroccan movie producer and director. She has lived and worked in Paris, France since 1960.

## Biography

Izza Génini was born in Casablanca, Morocco, in 1942 to a Jewish family.
After studying literature and foreign languages at the Sorbonne and the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales, both in Paris, Génini decided to enter cinema. In 1973, she founded SOGEAV for the distribution of French films in French speaking African nations, distribution of African films abroad, and the production of films El Hal and Transes, the latter of the two directed by Ahmed El Maanouni. Martin Scorsese would later remaster this film in his World Cinema Project, with an interview with Génini included on the disk. In 1987, Génini began the production of a documentary series on traditional Moroccan music called Maroc, corps et âme, or Morocco, Body and Soul, containing fifteen parts.
From 1970 to 1986, she was the Director of Club 70 productions.
Génini was a member of the tribute organization dedicated to the memory of Simon Lévy, who made it his mission to preserve Judeo-Moroccan heritage.

## Citations

* ↑ "Izza Génini". fiff.ch (in French). Festival International de Film de Fribourg. Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
* ↑ "Entretien avec la productrice et réalisatrice Izza Génini". La Matin (in French). 12 July 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
* 1 2 "Izza Génini". marocorama.com (in French). Marcorama. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
* ↑ "Martin Scorsese's World Cinema Project". bluray.highdefdigest.com. High-Def Digest. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
* ↑ Marouf, Fouzia (26 June 2012). "Le Maroc n'a pas cessé d'inspirer nombre d'artistes". Le Soir Échos (in French). Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
* ↑ "Génini Izza". africine.org (in French). Africine. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
* ↑ "Une association pour continuer l'action de Simon Lévy". Telquel (in French). 15 January 2015. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
# Megachile clara

Megachile clara is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Mitchell in 1930.
# Jarintorn Dangpiam

Jarintorn Dangpiam (born 11 July 1974) is a Thai sports shooter. She competed in two events at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Herman T. Schladermundt

Herman T. Schladermundt (1863–1937) was an American artist known for murals and stained glass.

## Biography

Schladermundt was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Joachim Schladermundt and Caroline Widman in 1863. He studied art at the Academie Delecluse and Academie Julian in Paris.
His well known mural works include the apse decoration at Central Congregational Church in Providence, Rhode Island, canvas lobby murals at the Byron White United States Courthouse in Denver, Colorado, Villa Carola, the private home of Isaac Guggenheim in Port Washington, New York, and in the Grand Jury Room at the New Jersey Court House in Newark, New Jersey.
Well known stained glass work includes the windows in the sanctuary of Memorial Presbyterian Church in St. Augustine, Florida, the Main Reading Room of the Library of Congress in Washington, DC, the Missouri State Capitol in Jefferson City, Missouri, the administration building at Iona College, Elizabeth Seton Campus in Yonkers, New York (formerly the Boyce Thompson mansion), and the great frieze of the Colonial Theater in Boston, Massachusetts.
Schladermundt died on January 26, 1937, in Kent, Connecticut. He was married to Anna Gardner from 1987 until his death and they had two children, Peter and Rosaline. Schladermundt was a long time member the Century Association, the Architectural League of New York, and the National Society of Mural Painters, serving as their secretary. He won the Allied Arts Prize from the Architectural League of New York in 1898, as well as an award for his exhibited work at the 1893 Chicago Exposition in 1893.
Some of Schladermundt's works are held at the Art Institute of Chicago
# Isoetes howellii

Isoetes howellii, or Howell's quillwort, is a species of quillwort, a type of lycophyte. It is an aquatic plant native to North America.

## Distribution

Isotes howelii is found in western North America and grows in wet habitats such as vernal pools.

## Description

It produces 5 to 28 pointed, cylindrical, bright green leaves that can reach 30 centimeters in length. The velum covers roughly one third of the spherical sporangia, which is 6 millimeters long. The ligule is in the shape of an elongated triangle. The megaspores are 420 to 610 micrometers in diameter. The coarse microspores are 25 to 30 micrometers long. It is closely related to I. melanopoda and was first thought to be a variation of that species.
# Gopal Shankar Misra

Gopal Shankar Mishra (born 13 August 1957-1999) was an Indian musician and music teacher, who played the vichitra veena.

## Early career

Mishra was invited to join the 1998 UK touring and Real World recording project made by State of Bengal and Ananda Shankar, Uday Shankar's son.

## Growing up

Gopal was born in Kanpur, India in 1957. His sister, Ragini, was born some years later. His mother was called Padma. Surrounded by and growing up with a naturally musical culture, his interest deepened following an international tour with his father. He had studied vocal music and sitar since the age of four and was interested in cricket and other sports.
At the age of 15 his interest in music turned serious. His father introduced him to the industry in 1975 at Varanasi. Chhotelal Mishra, disciple of Pandit Anokhelal Mishra accompanied Gopal who performed a rendering of Marwa, with Chandrakauns and Pahadi on the sitar.
# Üzengili, Karayazı

Üzengili is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Karayazı, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 624 (2022).

## Notable natives

* Dilek Koçak, middle distance athlete
# Behren-Lübchin

Behren-Lübchin is a municipality in the district of Rostock, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

## Literature

* Schuldt E. Behren-Lübchin, Eine spät-slawische Burganlage in Mecklenburg. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1965. 157 s.
# Battle of Vila Velha

The Battle of Vila Velha or Battle of Vila Velha de Ródão took place in October 1762 when a British-Portuguese force led by John Burgoyne and Charles Lee surprised and recaptured the town of Vila Velha de Ródão from Spanish invaders during the Seven Years' War as part of the Spanish invasion of Portugal. Burgoyne, who took the Spanish base at Valencia de Alcántara two months earlier then marched against forces preparing to cross the River Tagus into Alentejo.

## Events
### Background

On 3 October 1762 Count of Lippe in anticipation of a Spanish offensive across the Zêzere River against the Portuguese headquarters at Abrantes instructed George Townshend to march to the Beira Baixa country, marching along the left bank of the Zêzere river, to make a junction with Lord George Lennox's forces and to threaten the Spanish lines of communication with Almeida and Ciudad Rodrigo by advancing on Belmonte and Penamacor. This new march was promptly executed, and Townshend's Portuguese soldiers endured the greatest privations, but his men successfully attacked a French force escorting a convoy near Sabugal, capturing many supplies.

### Surprise attack

The same day, the Spanish force, who had taken Vila Velha on the 2nd, advanced on Porto Cabrão, leaving behind eight artillery pieces guarded by 200 grenadiers and 100 horses. General Burgoyne, who was in charge of the defence of the south bank of the Tagus in this area, noticed that only a small force was guarding the Spanish battery at Vila Velha and ordered lieutenant-colonel Charles Lee to take the head of a detachment (100 Portuguese grenadiers, 200 men of the 85th Foot and 50 men of the 16th Light Dragoons), to pass the Tagus and to attack this position. A Portuguese grenadier of the 2nd Cascais Infantry courageously crossed the Tagus with a rope to facilitate the passage of a barge, sacrificing his life in this action.
On 7 October, Lee's detachment, using surprise, launched a night attack and surprised the Spanish camp at Vila Velha. Although they were entrenched, surprise helped the British and Portuguese to overpower and disperse the Spanish horse and foot, inflicting considerable loss. As well as 250 Spanish killed, wounded, or captured, 6 guns and 60 artillery mules were acquired. Lee's primary target, however, was the artillery depot, which was mostly burned, some of it being taken. This was achieved at a cost of only 1 man killed and 10 wounded. The town was held as Portuguese and British reinforcements arrived the next day. The taking of Vila Velha effectively ended the Spanish and French invasion campaign

### Aftermath

By the middle of October, the Franco-Spanish army decided to retreat into Spain with Lippe and Townshend pursuing them. The Spanish were forced to leave their sick behind, and by 24 October, the Spanish and French armies were back in Spain. A few skirmishes along the border as both sides went into Winter quarters. Still, the Spanish would try once more in November at Olivença Marvão and Ouguela, but they were repelled. On 22 November, the Spanish commander Count of Aranda proposed a truce to Lippe, and thus the campaign concluded.
# Meldrim, Georgia

Meldrim is an unincorporated community in Effingham County, Georgia, United States, located about 17 miles northwest of Savannah. It is most likely named for Peter Meldrim, a nineteenth century politician, judge and army officer from Georgia. The ZIP Code for Meldrim is 31318.
It is the site of a paper mill, and is noted for a 1959 railway disaster.
# Janrae Frank

Janrae Frank was an American journalist, writer and editor known primarily for her work in science fiction and fantasy. She wrote extensively on the subject of women and feminism in speculative fiction.

## Life and career

Her first published short story, Wolves of Nakesht, appeared in the 1980 World Fantasy Award-winning anthology Amazons! (edited by Jessica Amanda Salmonson). This story introduced her most famous character, Chimquar the Lionhawk, and featured what are arguably her central themes: gender ambiguity and women of martial puissance. Other contributions in this field include Women Warriors and Earth Mothers and New Eves: Science Fiction About the Extraordinary Women of Today and Tomorrow, an anthology of stories which traced the contributions and history of women in science fiction from the 1920s on, decade by decade. This anthology has been used in many women's study courses on science fiction.
Her film journalism has been published in the cult magazine Cinefantastique as well as Movieline.
Lately, she was better known for dark fantasy series such as the Dark Brothers of the Light and the Journey of the Sacred King quartet.

## Published works
### Writer
#### Chimquar the Lionhawk

* Wolves of Nakesht, published in Amazons! (DAW, 1979)
* In the Darkness, Hunting (paperback) (Wildside Press, 2004)
* In the Darkness, Hunting: Tales of Chimquar the Lionhawk (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)

#### Dark Brothers of the Light series

* Blood Rites (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)
* Blood Heresy (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)
* Blood Dawn (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)
* Blood Wraiths (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)
* Blood Paladin (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)
* Blood Arcane (Renaissance Ebooks, 2006)
* Blood Harvest (Renaissance Ebooks, 2006)
* Blood Hope (Renaissance Ebooks, 2008)
* Blood Lies (Smashwords, 2011)
* Blood Journey (forthcoming)

#### Journey of the Sacred King series

* My Sister's Keeper (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)
* Sins of the Mother (Renaissance Ebooks, 2005)
* My Father's House (Renaissance Ebooks, 2006)
* Children of Wrath (Renaissance Ebooks, 2006)

#### Lycan Blood series

* Serpent's Quest (Renaissance eBooks, 2006)
* Fireborn Law (Renaissance eBooks, 2007)
* If Truth Dies (Renaissance eBooks, 2007)
* Kynyr's War (Renaissance eBooks, 2007)
* The Exile's Return (Renaissance eBooks, 2007)
* Kady's Vengeance (Renaissance eBooks, 2008)
* The Shadowed Princes (Renaissance eBooks, 2009)

#### Short fiction

* Visiting the Neighbors (I, Vampire: Interviews with the Undead, 1994)
* The Tale That Launched a Thousand Ships (Greatest Uncommon Denominator Magazine, 2007)

#### Essays

* Sex, Swords, and Superstition: A Close Look at Phyllis Ann Karr's Thorn and Frostflower (Thrust, 1985)
* A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to This Review (Thrust, 1986)
* Dead in Suburbia, or Whatever Happened to Feminism in SF? (Thrust, 1987)

### Editor

* (with Jean Marie Stine and Forrest J Ackerman) New Eves: Science Fiction About the Extraordinary Women of Today and Tomorrow (Longmeadow Press, 1994)