OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bezar

Bezar was a curated online design marketplace founded in 2015 by former Fab co-founder Bradford Shellhammer (CEO), Matt Baer (COO), PieterJan Mattan (Creative Director), and Justin Chen (CFO). The site featured unique pieces from both emerging designers and established brands in four categories: home, accessories, jewelry, and art. The company was headquartered in SoHo, Manhattan.
The name “Bezar” comes from a combination of the words bazaar and bizarre, which both are phonetically pronounced \bə-ˈzär\.

## History

In 2013, Bradford Shellhammer left his role as co-founder and chief design officer of ecommerce website Fab, maintaining a role as a shareholder and non-executive advisor.
In early 2015, Shellhammer announced he would launch and curate his own online design marketplace. Bezar launched in March 2015, featuring four new virtual pop-up shops daily, and a range of exclusive collaborations with designers, labels and brands like FLOS and Refinery29. Bezar's marketplace component, featuring hundreds of permanent designer storefronts, was rolled out in September 2015.

## Funding

Before its launch, Bezar raised a total of $2.25 million in two and a half weeks from seven investment funds and 20 individuals. Notable investors include designer Yves Béhar, Kenneth Lerer, Hiroshi Mikitani and Whoopi Goldberg.

## Acquisition

In February 2016, Bezar was acquired by online luxury goods retailer AHAlife Holdings, Ltd. (ASX:AHL)
# Betulinsky house

Betulinsky House (Russian:Дом Бетулинского) is two-story building with a balcony, which is located at Lermontovsky Lane, 11 in Taganrog, Rostov Region. The building was built in the second half of the 19th century by Grigory Efimovich Betulinsky.

## History

The Betulinsky family owned a house along Lermontovsky Lane, 11, from 1872 (the time of construction) to the end of the 19th century. Grigory Efimovich Betulinsky was provincial secretary. It is known that they with his wife Maria Konstantinovna had a daughter, Natalya, who was born on 10 August 1885.
The next owner of the house was the wife of the merchant Maria Yurdi. Her husband was the Greek consul.
Another owner of the house was Major-General Krizhanovsky Alexander Ivanovich. He was the owner of the house until the 1910s. After him, the house was owned by the wife of state counselor Valentina Vladimirovna Fedorova.
Next to it was a one-storey house with 6 windows, built by the wife of collegiate assessor P.M. Rabotina. The house under No. 13 was built in the 1910s. Its owner was a college registrar Otto Ottovich Herman. The property was valued at 3,200 rubles.
# Irumbuliyur Junction

Irumbuliyur Junction is one of the important junctions in the city of Chennai, India. It is located at Irumbuliyur near Tambaram in Chennai at the intersection of NH 45 with the Chennai Bypass.
The Educational institution such as Nursing & schools functioning in Irumbuliyur since 1993 and 1987 under the name of Anbarasu School of Nursing and Tagore Matriculation School to cater the educational need of local public. The highway and the railway line divide the town into East Tambaram and West Tambaram. The neighbourhood is served by the Tambaram railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. The main road through West Tambaram connects the districts of Lakshmi Nagar, Krishna Nagar, Bharathi Nagar, Old Perungalathur, Madhana Puram and Mudichur, ending at the Vandaloor - Oragadam road. West Tambaram has been growing rapidly since the development of the Vandaloor-Nemilichery Outer Ring Road.
Supermarkets in West Tambaram include Heritage, Reliance Fresh and Nilgiris are in West Tambaram. Banks include SBI, Canara Bank, Axis Bank, ICICI Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, and Indian Bank

## 3-tier interchange

A three tier interchange has been built to ease the flow of traffic between Chennai bypass and NH 45. It has 3 levels
* Level "-1" for traffic from Tambaram to Maduravoyal.
* Level "0" for traffic from Chengalpattu to Tambaram and Maduravoyal, from Tambaram to Chengalpattu and from Maduravoyal to Tambaram.
* Level "+1" for traffic from Maduravoyal to Chengalpattu.

## Famous holiday places

* Vandalur Zoo 4 km
* Kishkinta Amusement park 8 km
* Kovalam Beach 25 km
* Queensland Amusement park 19 km
* Childrens park 24 km
* Nanganallur Anjaneya temple 15 km
* Marina Beach 32 km
* India portal
12°54′56″N 80°06′10″E﻿ / ﻿12.915555°N 80.102767°E﻿ / 12.915555; 80.102767
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# Cambridge equation

The Cambridge equation formally represents the Cambridge cash-balance theory, an alternative approach to the classical quantity theory of money. Both quantity theories, Cambridge and classical, attempt to express a relationship among the amount of goods produced, the price level, amounts of money, and how money moves. The Cambridge equation focuses on money demand instead of money supply. The theories also differ in explaining the movement of money: In the classical version, associated with Irving Fisher, money moves at a fixed rate and serves only as a medium of exchange while in the Cambridge approach money acts as a store of value and its movement depends on the desirability of holding cash.
Economists associated with Cambridge University, including Alfred Marshall, A.C. Pigou, and John Maynard Keynes (before he developed his own, eponymous school of thought) contributed to a quantity theory of money that paid more attention to money demand than the supply-oriented classical version. The Cambridge economists argued that a certain portion of the money supply will not be used for transactions; instead, it will be held for the convenience and security of having cash on hand. This portion of cash is commonly represented as k, a portion of nominal income (the product of the price level and real income), $P\cdot Y$). The Cambridge economists also thought wealth would play a role, but wealth is often omitted from the equation for simplicity. The Cambridge equation is thus:
    $M^{\textit {d}}={\textit {k}}\cdot P\cdot Y$
Assuming that the economy is at equilibrium ($M^{\textit {d}}=M$), $Y$ is exogenous, and k is fixed in the short run, the Cambridge equation is equivalent to the equation of exchange with velocity equal to the inverse of k:
    $M\cdot {\frac {1}{k}}=P\cdot Y$
Monge (2021) showed that the Cambridge equation comes from a Cobb-Douglas utility function, which demonstrates that, in classical quantity theory, money has diminishing marginal utility (then, inflation is a monetary phenomenon).

## History and significance

The Cambridge equation first appeared in print in 1917 in Pigou's "Value of Money". Keynes contributed to the theory with his 1923 A Tract on Monetary Reform.
The Cambridge version of the quantity theory led to both Keynes's attack on the quantity theory and the Monetarist revival of the theory. Marshall recognized that k would be determined in part by an individual's desire to hold liquid cash. In his General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, Keynes expanded on this concept to develop the idea of liquidity preference, a central Keynesian concept.
# Beddomeia salmonis

Beddomeia salmonis (in the family Tateidae) is a species of very small freshwater snail that has a gill and an operculum, an aquatic operculate gastropod mollusk. This species is endemic to Australia, and was first described in 1993 by Winston Ponder and G.A. Clark.
# Chuharwali

Chuharwali is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 155 kilometres (96 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).
# Becky Mill

Becky Mill or Becky Merchant also previously known as Rebecca Merchant is a former Scottish female field hockey player who played for the Scotland women's national field hockey team. She represented Scotland for 12 years in a career spanning from 2007 to 2018. In January 2020, she announced her retirement from international arena.

## Career

She grew and raised up in Surrey and moved to Edinburgh to pursue her higher studies in university. She started playing the sport of field hockey from the age of 7. She is an alumna of Kingston Grammar School.
She made her international debut in 2007 against Ireland. She made her maiden Commonwealth Games appearance representing Scotland at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. Becky achieved 100 international caps during the 2015 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship in a match against Italy. She also made her captaincy debut in 2016 against South Africa. She last represented the national team in a friendly game against Ireland in 2018 and announced her international retirement in 2020.
# Hopwood

Hopwood may refer to:

## People

* Hopwood (surname)

## Places
### Australia

* Hopwood Beach, Tasmania

### United Kingdom

* Hopwood Hall, near Manchester
* Hopwood, Greater Manchester
* Hopwood, Worcestershire

### United States

* Hopwood, Pennsylvania

## Other uses

* Hopwood v. Texas, an American court case in 1996 concerning affirmative action
* Hopwood Award, a literary scholarship awarded by the University of Michigan
# Modliborzyce

Modliborzyce may refer to several places:
* Modliborzyce, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Modliborzyce, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Modliborzyce, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
* Modliborzyce Commune
# Betzin

Betzin is a district of the municipality Fehrbellin in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin administrative district of Brandenburg, Germany.

## History

Betzin was incorporated into Fehrbellin on October 26, 2003.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1875 | 367 |
| 1890 | 352 |
| 1910 | 307 |
| 1925 | 277 |
| 1933 | 252 |
| 1939 | 256 |
| 1946 | 405 |
| Year | Population |
| 1950 | 378 |
| 1964 | 243 |
| 1971 | 206 |
| 1981 | 170 |
| 1985 | 163 |
| 1989 | 122 |
| 1990 | 118 |
| Year | Population |
| 1991 | 108 |
| 1992 | 106 |
| 1993 | 106 |
| 1994 | 105 |
| 1995 | 115 |
| 1996 | 109 |
| 1997 | 108 |
| Year | Population |
| 1998 | 113 |
| 1999 | 116 |
| 2000 | 125 |
| 2001 | 120 |
| 2002 | 127 |
# Issobell Fergussone

Issobell Fergussone or Isobel Ferguson was a Scottish woman who confessed to witchcraft in Dalkeith, Edinburgh during the year 1661.
Fergussone denied all accusations against her and asked to be pricked, to try prove her innocence. However, whilst pricking her on 5 July 1661 they were successful in finding the devils mark which led her to confess. The result of this trial led to her execution with the methods of strangling and then burning on 6 August 1661.

## Early life

Not much is known about her before her trial, however she lived in Liberton Parish then moved to Newbattle, Dalkeith and was married to a man named Baxter and had a son named Robert Baxter.

## Accusations

The accusations made against her included verbal threats against her neighbours and son. It seems she threatened her neighbours telling them they would become poor, then their horse became ill and they were reduced to poverty. She also had a dispute with her son and told his wife that he would have a bad homecoming, on his return he fell ill and died. She was also accused of adultery and fornication.
It may be that she got caught up in this panic of witch trials as she was already accused of adultery and fornication.

## Trials

The Trial of Issobell Fergussone took place on 3 July 1661 and she was found guilty. Not only was she charged with witchcraft, she had other charges of adultery and fornication due to a meeting with the devil she described whilst under questioning.
She described the devil as a man named William Twedie, in a black gown who gave her a pair of black gloves. She denied that the devil laid with her. There was 2 William Twedies known to her, her landlord and his half brother. This caused some confusion. She confessed to having an affair with the half brother who later fled. She was believed to have met the devil at either her or William Tweedie's House, between Skloutford and Liberton Road, at her farm yard or near the bridge at the bank of John Ballingtyne's shore. William Tweedie was always present at her meetings with the devil.
# Mount Sinai, Indiana

Mount Sinai is an unincorporated community in Hogan Township, Dearborn County, Indiana.

## History

Mount Sinai took its name from Mount Sinai Methodist Episcopal Church. The namesake church was completed in about 1835, and has since been torn down.
# Beddomeia topsiae

Beddomeia topsiae is a species of snail in the family Tateidae first described in 1993.
It is a very small freshwater snail that has a gill and an operculum, an aquatic operculate gastropod mollusk. This species is endemic to Australia.
# Becky Mann

Becky Mann is a television producer and screenplay writer, best known for her role as a writer in It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia and producer of Rules of Engagement.

## Career

Mann was first hired as a writer by Victor Fresco to write several episodes for his show Better Off Ted, writing two episodes before the show was canceled by ABC in 2010. Her work on the show created the opportunity to write for such shows as Notes from the Underbelly, It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia and Rules of Engagement.

### It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia

Mann was hired by FX as a writer during the show's fifth season. Her work comprised episodes including "The Gang Exploits the Mortgage Crisis", "Mac Fights Gay Marriage", and "Dee Gives Birth".
# Fred Chichin

Frédéric "Fred" Chichin (French pronunciation:; 1 May 1954 – 28 November 2007) was a French musician, singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist.
He was part of the pop-rock duo Les Rita Mitsouko, along with Catherine Ringer, whom he met in 1979. Prior to his work in Les Rita Mitsouko, Chichin had been active in the rock bands Fassbinder (with Jean Neplin), Taxi Girl (with Daniel Darc), and Gazoline (with Alain Kan).
Chichin died on the morning of 28 November 2007 from heart failure, following complications of the cancer the doctors had diagnosed two months earlier. He was buried 6 December 2007 in a private ceremony at the Parisian cemetery of Montmartre.
# Bunium bulbocastanum

Bunium bulbocastanum is a plant species in the family Apiaceae. It was once used as a root vegetable in parts of western Europe, and has been called great pignut or earthnut.

## Growth

The plant is native to western Europe. It reaches about 60 cm (24 in) tall and 25 cm (9.8 in) wide, bearing frilly leaves and hermaphroditic flowers; it is pollinated by insects and self-fertile.
The small, rounded taproot is edible raw or cooked, and said to taste like sweet chestnuts. The leaf can be used as an herb or garnish similar to parsley.
# Betzenberg (disambiguation)

Betzenberg is a hill and quarter of the German city of Kaiserslautern, Rhineland-Palatinate.
Betzenberg may also refer to:
* a colloquial name for the Fritz Walter Stadium in Kaiserslautern
* Betzenberg (Schönbuch), a mountain in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
# Jennifer Rosales

Jennifer Rosales OL (born September 17, 1978) is a professional golfer from the Philippines, currently playing on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour.

## Amateur career

Born in Manila, Rosales won the Philippine Ladies Amateur Golf Championship five times in a row from 1994 to 1998. She attended the University of Southern California in Los Angeles and won the 1998 NCAA Championship as a freshman in 1998. Rosales also won the Golf World/Palmetto Dunes Collegiate Invitational, and was named first team All-American for 1998-1999, her sophomore year with the Trojans.

## Professional career

Rosales gained exempt status for the LPGA Tour for the 2000 season by finishing tied for seventh at the LPGA Final Qualifying Tournament in October 1999. She became the first golfer from the Philippines to win on the LPGA Tour at the Chick-fil-A Charity Championship in 2004. Rosales gained her second win at the first official tournament of the 2005 season, the SBS Open at Turtle Bay in Hawaii.
In 2005, Rosales teamed with Dorothy Delasin to represent the Philippines in the inaugural Women's World Cup of Golf, where they finished second. She played with Ana Larraneta in the 2006 event, and was part of Team Asia at the Lexus Cup in 2005 and 2006. Rosales and Delasin again represented the Philippines in 2008 at the World Cup, and won by two strokes over the team from Korea. The duo birdied the last four holes in the final round for 65 (–7) in the fourball (better ball) format, for a 54-hole total of 198 (–18).
For the 2014 season, Rosales earned full status on the LPGA Tour by finishing 68th on the 2013 money list.

## Professional wins (3)
### LPGA Tour (2)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | To par | Margin of victory | Runners-up |
| 1 | May 2, 2004 | Chick-fil-A Charity Championship | 70-70-69-65=274 | –14 | 1 stroke | Rosie Jones Jung Yeon Lee Becky Morgan Grace Park |
| 2 | Feb 26, 2005 | SBS Open at Turtle Bay | 66-69-73=208 | –8 | 2 strokes | Cristie Kerr Michelle Wie |
LPGA Tour playoff record (0–1)
| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponents | Result |
| 1 | 2003 | Giant Eagle LPGA Classic | Lori Kane Annika Sörenstam Rachel Teske | Teske won with birdie on third extra hole |

### Other (1)

* 2008 (1) Women's World Cup of Golf (with Dorothy Delasin)

## Team appearances

Amateur
* Espirito Santo Trophy (representing the Philippines): 1996, 1998
Professional
* Lexus Cup (representing Asia team): 2005, 2006 (winners)
* World Cup (representing the Philippines): 2005, 2008 (winners)
# Issoca assanga

Issoca assanga is a species of land planarian belonging to the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is known from specimens found in Brazil.

## Description

Issoca assanga is a flatworm that can reach up to 97 mm in length. The body is elongated with parallel margins; the front tip is rounded, while the back tip is pointed. The dorsal side of the body has a yellowish or cream-colored stripe running down the middle, which is divided by a discontinuous, tenuous thin black median line. The mid-stripe is bordered on each side by a black band, which is in turn bordered by a whitish stripe. The marginal zone either has a black stripe or mottled with black spots. The ventral side of the body is whitish. At the head region, the color of the body fades into orange, both dorsally and ventrally.
It can additionally be distinguished from other members of Issoca via its internal anatomy. Some cutaneous muscle bundles of the pre-pharyngeal region are sunk in. A feature that sets I. assanga apart from other members of Issoca is the fact that the cephalic retractor muscle and the sub-neural parenchymal muscle do not intersect; the intersection of such is a diagnostic feature of Issoca. Additionally, I. assanga has a long copulatory apparatus. The prostatic vesicle is extrabulbar, proximal, and lacking anastomoses. The ejaculatory duct is thin, with the opening at the tip of the penis papilla. The female atrium is spacious, with lateral folds; the common glandular duct is almost as long as the female atrium. A common muscle coat envelops both the female and male atria.

## Etymology

The specific epithet is derived from the Tupi language word assanga, meaning "dense, thick", in reference to the species' apparent cephalic glando-muscular organ.

## Distribution

Issoca assanga has been found within Brazil, in Desengano State Park and the Augusto Ruschi Biological Reserve.
# Mount Sinai (disambiguation)

Mount Sinai is a mountain in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt.
Mount Sinai may also refer to:

## Places

* Mount Sinai, Indiana, U.S.
* Mount Sinai, New York, U.S.

## Other uses

* Mount Sinai Medical Center & Miami Heart Institute, Miami, Florida, U.S.
* Mount Sinai Memorial Park (Toronto), Canada
* Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery, Los Angeles, California U.S.
* Mount Sinai Jewish Center, New York City, New York, U.S.
* Mount Sinai School, Alabama, U.S.
* Mount Sinai School of Medicine, now Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, U.S.
* Mount Sinai Temple (Sioux City, Iowa), U.S.
# Miriam Mafai

Miriam Mafai (2 February 1926 - 9 April 2012) was an Italian journalist, author and politician.

## Life and career

Born in Florence, the daughter of the Scuola Romana artists Mario Mafai and Antonietta Raphaël and the sister of the politician Simona and of the scenographer Giulia [it], Mafai grew up in Rome but Italian racial laws forced her to move first in Viareggio and later in Genoa.
During the World War II together with her sisters she joined the Italian Communist Party and after the war became a party official and served as a Councillor of the Municipality of Pescara. She debuted as a journalist in 1956, working as a reporter for the magazine Vie Nuove. After working for L'Unità she was chief editor of the feminist magazine Noi donne between 1964 and 1969. She was a co-founder of the newspaper La Repubblica, with which she collaborated until her death. She was also active as an essayist, whose favorite themes were the role of women in the society and the history of Communism. In 2004 she briefly returned to the politics, being elected to the Chamber of Deputies with Democratic Alliance.
During her career Mafai was the recipient of several accolades and honours, including the title of Grand Officer of Merit of the Italian Republic in 2003. She had a long relationship with communist politician Giancarlo Pajetta, from 1962 until his death in 1990.
# Justina Vanagaitė

Justina Vanagaitė (born 3 January 1990 in Vilnius, Lithuania) is a Lithuanian dressage rider. Representing Lithuania, she competed at the 2022 World Equestrian Games and at the 2021 European Dressage Championships. She placed 44th place in individual dressage at the 2022 World Equestrian Games with her horse Nabab.

## Personal

Justina started riding at the age of 13. She is a founder of Vilnius equestrian club.

## Career

In 2021, on her horse Nabab, she became the first representatives of Lithuania to compete in the European Dressage Championship. In June 2022, Vanagaitė won the round of the World Dressage Cup in Slovakia.
In April 2024, she competed at the World Cup Final at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on her 11-year-old gelding Nadab. The pair scored 75.1% to finish eighth in the freestyle. She qualified for the 2024 Paris Olympics.

## Personal bests

Personal bests as of March 2023 :
| Event | Score | Horse | Venue | Date |
| Grand Prix | 71.261 | Nabab | Wierzbna, Poland | 3 September 2022 |
| Grand Prix Special | 69.957 | Nabab | Sankt Margarethen im Burgenland, Austria | 3 July 2022 |
| Grand Prix Freestyle | 75.465 | Nabab | Perila, Estonia | 17 July 2022 |
# Turning April

Turning April is a 1996 Australian-Canadian film.

## Premise

The wife of a diplomat is kidnapped.

## Cast

* Tushka Bergen as April
* Aaron Blabey as Leif
* Dee Smart as Kyra
* Justine Clarke as Rosa
* Judi Farr as Mother
* John Gregg as Attorney-General
* Vikki Blanche as voice
* Michael Veitch as voice

## Reception

Variety said "Several themes juggle for attention in" the film "which is part kidnap drama, part romance and part revenge movie, but dramatic structure remains unresolved. Despite a good perf from Tushka Bergen as a young wife kidnapped by an unlikely gang of thieves, long-delayed pic isn’t likely to elicit much box office interest."