OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Annie Dale Biddle Andrews

Annie Dale Biddle Andrews (December 13, 1885 – April 14, 1940) was the first woman to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley.

## Early life and career

She was born in Hanford, California, the youngest daughter (and youngest of seven children) of Samuel Edward Biddle and Achsah Annie Biddle (née McQuidy).
She received her B.A. degree from the University of California in 1908. In 1911, she wrote her thesis, Constructive theory of the unicursal plane quartic by synthetic methods, under her maiden name, Annie Dale Biddle; it was published by the university in 1912. Her advisors were Derrick Norman Lehmer and Mellen Haskell. The paper proved to be very useful in its time as it was found that all algebraic surfaces correspond to a universal quartic having no double or triple points with distinct tangents.
She was a math instructor at the University of Washington from 1911 to 1912, after which she married Wilhelm Samuel Andrews. She worked as a math instructor at the University of California between 1915 and 1932 after being appointed as a teaching fellow there in 1914.
She presented a research paper at the meeting of the Journal of the American Mathematical Society in March 1933 in Palo Alto, California, entitled "The space quartic of the second kind by synthetic methods". The abstract of the paper was published later that year.

## Personal life

From 1936 Andrews took an active interest in public affairs and charities, in addition to her mathematical research. She died on April 14, 1940, after two years of illness. She was survived by her husband and two children.
# Umiński

Umiński is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jan Nepomucen Umiński (1778–1851), Polish military officer
* Władysław Umiński (1865–1954), Polish journalist
# Funaki-ike Dam

Funaki-ike Dam (Japanese: 船木池) is an earthfill dam located in Hyogo Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 0.9 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 16 ha of land when full and can store 1615 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1947 and completed in 1959.
# Total Girl

Total Girl is a monthly Australian tween girls magazine, the magazine targeting girl age 6-13 years. The magazine was launched in 2002.
The magazine focuses on fashion and celebrities and offers information about the latest entertainment and feature stories on current issues and events.
# Tropiocolotes wolfgangboehmei

Tropiocolotes wolfgangboehmei is a species of gecko of the family Gekkonidae from central Saudi Arabia. The specific epithet wolfgangboehmei honors Wolfgang Böhme [de] for his contributions in herpetology and for being the mentor of two of the authors who described T. wolfgangboehmei.
The species is only known by two specimens from Ath Thumamah, Saudi Arabia, the holotype (ZFMK 43668) and the paratype (ZFMK 87120).

## Description

T. wolfgangboehmei is a small gecko with a maximum snout-vent length (SVL) of 29.4 mm (1.16 in). It possesses all the diagnostic features of Tropiocolotes such as digits (the most distal parts of a limb) slightly angularly bent without ornamentation covered below by a single series of transverse lamellae (thin plate-like structures very close to one another with open space between), a vertical pupil and uniform dorsal scales, among others. It also has two pairs of postmental shields and four scales in contact with the nostril.
It differs from other species by its smooth dorsal escalation, by the possession of clearly bi- or tricarinated subdigital scales and by the size of the two pairs of postmental shields (the second is much smaller than first).
# Kirihi Te Riri Maihi Kawiti

Kirihi Te Riri Maihi Kawiti OBE (17 April 1877 – 20 February 1964) was a New Zealand tribal leader, farmer and genealogist. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Ngāti Hine hapū of the Ngāpuhi iwi. He was born in Waiomio, Northland, New Zealand, on 17 April 1877. His father was Maihi Paraone Kawiti, a tribal leader.
In the 1949 King's Birthday Honours, Kawiti was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services to the Māori people.
# The Gift (Joe Louis Walker album)

The Gift is the second album by the American musician Joe Louis Walker, released in 1988. Walker was backed by the Boss Talkers. He supported the album with a North American tour.

## Production

The album was produced by Walker with assistance from Bruce Bromberg. Walker's singing style was influenced by gospel music; he wanted the music to be reminiscent of the Memphis soul of the 1960s. He tried to avoid blues clichés in his lyrics. The Memphis Horns played on several tracks. Steve Berlin contributed a tenor sax solo to "Mama Didn't Raise No Fool".

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Robert Christgau | A− |
| MusicHound Blues: The Essential Album Guide | |
| Oakland Tribune | |
| The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings | |
The San Diego Union-Tribune wrote that "Walker's music swings with a smooth rhythm that lends itself well to his polished vocals and linear guitar solos." The Washington Post called the album "a taut, funky record steeped in '60s soul and highlighted by some stirring vocals that occasionally recall Otis Redding." Robert Christgau said that, "like they say, he just plays the blues... Yet between sharp tempos and worldly-wise material, he overcomes the boredom factor built into that time-worn endeavor."
The Chicago Tribune labeled Walker "an impressive lyric writer [who] has created wry and wise songs gloriously free of the usual blues cliches." The Globe and Mail determined that Walker's "a tad more traditional (and less guilt-ridden) in his approach to the blues (and life) than Cray, and he's got a nice tough edge to his playing that the yuppified Cray sometimes lacks." The San Francisco Examiner praised the "sleek production and depth of feeling."
AllMusic wrote that the album "just may be his finest album of all, filled with soulful vocal performances, bone-cutting guitar work, and tight backing."
# Behind the Iron Gate

Behind the Iron Gate (Polish: Za Żelazną Bramą) is a first-person shooter computer game for Amiga computers, released in 1995 by Polish developer Ego. The game is coded by Witold Gantzke. Music is composed by Adam Skorupa, who also created soundtrack for The Witcher.
# Zelená knížka

Zelená knížka is a 1948 Czechoslovak film. The film starred Josef Kemr.
# Ingrid Nargang

Ingrid Nargang (17 April 1929 – 10 May 2019) was an Austrian lawyer, judge, and contemporary historian. From 1964 to 1993, she was head of the district court in Engelhartszell. She was the first woman to head a rural district court in the Judiciary of Austria.

## Biography

Alice Ingrid Annemarie Nargang was born in Chernivtsi, Romania on 17 April 1929. She came from an old Austrian family of civil servants. Her great-grandfather was the classical philologist and high school director, Stefan Wolf; a grandfather was a lawyer. The family lived in Czernowitz in Bukovina, which until the end of World War I belonged to the Austrian monarchy as its own crown land, then fell to the Kingdom of Romania and is currently partly in Ukraine (including Chernivtsi). She was raised by her mother and grandmother. The father left the family when she was two years old. In the summer of 1940, when Nargang was eleven years old, the Soviet Union entered into northern Bukovina as a result of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and agreed with the German Reich to resettle the population of German origin. With mother and grandmother, Nargang first moved to Lower Silesia, then to Upper Silesia. When the Russians approached towards the end of World War II, they fled to Upper Austria.
As so-called "expellees"" and "ethnic Germans" living in Oberweis near Gmunden, Nargang attended the secondary school in Gmunden from autumn 1945. After graduating in 1948, she studied jurisprudence in Innsbruck. She also attended a graduate course at the commercial academy. In 1952, she received her doctorate in law. After a year-long judicial clerkship, she studied economics until 1955. In 1959, she completed a doctorate in social and economic sciences. During this time, Nargang had already started working as an apprentice lawyer in Linz and passed the bar exam. Subsequently, she worked as a lawyer at the Linz Magistrate.
In 1963, she became a judge. From 1964 until her retirement in 1993, Nargang headed the district court of Engelhartszell an der Donau. She was the first woman to head a rural Austrian district court .
As a contemporary historian, Nargang researched the history of the Bukovina Germans and the situation of the refugees in Upper Austria after the Second World War. She was also a founding member of the regional team of the Bukovina Germans in Linz .
In her later years, Nargang lived in Engelhartszell, Linz, and Vienna. She died in Schärding on 10 May 2019.
# Kogane Ichirizuka

The Koganei Ichirizuka (小金井一里塚) is a historic Japanese distance marker akin to a milestone, comprising a pair of earthen mounds located in what is now part of the city of Shimotsuke, Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1922.

## Overview

During the Edo period the Tokugawa shogunate established ichirizuka on major roads, enabling calculation both of distance travelled and of the charge for transportation by kago or palanquin. These mounds denoted the distance in ri (3.927 kilometres (2.440 mi)) to Nihonbashi, the "Bridge of Japan", erected in Edo in 1603. They were typically planted with an enoki or Japanese red pine to provide shelter for travelers. Since the Meiji period, most of the ichirizuka have disappeared, having been destroyed by the elements, modern highway construction and urban encroachment. In 1876, the "Ichirizuka Abolition decree" was issued by the Meiji government and many were demolished at that time. Currently, 17 surviving ichirizuka are designated as national historic sites.
In the case of the Koganei Ichirizuka, the mounds flank the Nikkō Kaidō (日光街道), and is 22 ri (approximately 88 kilometers) from Nihonbashi. The Nikkō Kaidō was one of the Edo Five Routes and it was built to connect Edo with the temple-shrine complex of Nikkō for pilgrimages by the Shōgun and major daimyō. The Koganei Ichirizuka is the only surviving pair of mounds on the Nikkō Kaidō. Each originally occupied a square that was nine meters on a side, but the Koganei Ichirizuka mounds have collapsed into a circular shape due to rain and exposure to the elements for centuries, and now have diameters of about 12 meters, with height of 2.7 meters. Due to the road renovation carried out in 1884, the main route of what was once the Nikkō Kaidō was relocated to the east, becoming Japan National Route 4. The original highway deteriorated into a village road, and thus this ichirizuka was spared from demolition.
Per an archaeological excavation conducted in 1997, the gravel of the original road and its gutters was uncovered, and a string of 50 pcs of mon coins from the Kan'ei era (1624-1649) was discovered.
The Koganei Ichirizuka is about 10 minutes on foot from Koganei Station on the JR East Tōhoku Main Line.
# Umjaba

Umjaba is a genus of cicadas from Madagascar
# Total Football (disambiguation)

Total Football is a tactical theory of soccer play. This may also refer to:
* Total Football (magazine), a British soccer magazine from 1995–2001
* Total Football (video game), a soccer video game published in 1995
* The former name of Fox Sports FC, an Australian soccer TV show
* Total Football, a 2018 song by Parquet Courts from the album Wide Awake!
# Bazaria nomiella

Bazaria nomiella is a species of snout moth in the genus Bazaria. It was described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887, and is known from Transcaucasia.
# Kirikane

Kirikane (截金) is a Japanese decorative technique used for Buddhist statues and paintings, using gold leaf, silver leaf, or platinum leaf cut into lines, diamonds, and triangles.

## History

Kirikane was imported from China during the Tang dynasty (618–907). The oldest example is Tamamushi Shrine at Hōryū-ji. Kirikane flourished primarily in the 11th century and continued until the 13th or 14th century. After that, however, kirikane almost disappeared, due to the overall decline of Buddhist art.

## Technique

Two pieces of leaf (gold or silver, platinum) are heated over an ash-banked fire and bonded together. An additional bonding is then done to further strengthen the leaf and add thickness. Next, the bonded leaf is cut with a bamboo knife on a deer-skin-covered table, then affixed with glue (seaweed glue, funori and hide glue, nikawa, etc.) to the object to be decorated.
# Maurepas, Somme

Maurepas (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Maurepas is situated on the D146 road, some 50 km (31 mi) northeast of Amiens, about a mile from the A1 autoroute.
# Halex

Halex may refer to:
* The Halex process in chemistry
* Halex, a brand of electrical fitting from the Scott Fetzer Company
* Halex, a subsidiary of the British Xylonite Company
# Bad Ronald (disambiguation)

Bad Ronald is a 1974 American television thriller film.
Bad Ronald may also refer to:
* Bad Ronald (novel), a novel by Jack Vance, from which the film was adapted
* Bad Ronald (band), an American rap-rock band
* Bad Ronald (album), a 2001 album by the band
# Ingrid Mwangi

Ingrid Mwangi (born 1975) is a German artist, of Kenyan-German descent. She works with photography, sculpture and in multimedia, performance, and installation art. In 2005, she co-founded Mwangi Hutter.

## Early life and education

Ingrid Njeri Mwangi was born in 1975 in Nairobi, Kenya to a German mother and a Kenyan father. She moved to Germany at the age of 15. She attended Hochschule der Bildenden Künste Saar in Saarbrücken, Germany, from 1996–2002.

## Career

Mwangi works and lives in Berlin, Germany with her husband and collaborator Robert Hutter. They have four children.
Mwangi's work is concerned with social conventions and identity. She participated in the 2007 Brooklyn Museum exhibition Global Feminisms. Her 2001 series of photographs, Static Drift, was included. The work makes use of images evoking national and racial identities projected onto her body. Mwangi's 2000 work Neger Don't Call Me features photographs of her face covered with masks made from her dreadlocks.

### Mwangi Hutter

In 2005, she and her husband Robert Hutter merged their biographies and names to form one artist, Mwangi Hutter. As a creative strategy to resist fixed notions of identity based upon gender, race, and cultural backgrounds, Mwangi Hutter strategically merged names and biographies to become one artist. They consciously use themselves as the sounding board to reflect on changing societal realities, creating an aesthetics of self-knowledge and interrelationship. Mwangi Hutter reflect on the subjects of border-crossing and finding identity, which both can be understood in a political, as well as a very personal, intimate sense. Their works can be seen as a vision of unification and the pacification of contrasts: female-male, African-European, black-white and the borders separating you and me.

## Exhibitions
### Solo exhibitions

* 2002: Ingrid Mwangi - Stadtgalerie Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany
* 2006: Man of War - Video, Installation, Fotografie - Kunstverein Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany
* 2007: IngridMwangiRobertHutter: Select Videos, 2006-2007 - BRIC Rotunda Gallery, New York City, New York, United States
* 2007: MASK - James Cohan Gallery, New York City, New York, United States
* 2007: GOTH - Reality of the Departed World - Yokohama Museum of Art, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
* 2008: IngridMwangiRobertHutter - Along the Horizon - Galleria Il Trifoglio Nero, Genoa, Italy
* 2009: IngridMwangiRobertHutter: Masked - Emerson Gallery at Hamilton College, Clinton, New York, United States
* 2009: In the Eye of the Beholder - Darb 1718 Contemporary Art and Culture Center, Cairo, Egypt
* 2009: Intruders - Goethe-Institut Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
* 2009: Sleepers on the way - Goethe-Institut Tansania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
* 2011: Constant Triumph - Spelman College Museum of Fine Art, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
* 2013: Mwangi Hutter - Single Entities / @ Salon - ALEXANDER OCHS GALLERIES BERLIN | BEIJING, Berlin, China
# Taxation of cooperative corporations in the United States

The taxation of cooperative corporations in the United States is subject to special rules under subchapter T of the Internal Revenue Code, different from both subchapter C and subchapter S corporations.

## Overview

Cooperative corporations are formed to provide some mutual benefit for their members, and because of this, the Congress of the United States beginning in 1951 has allowed them a deduction from their income for "patronage dividends." A "patronage dividend" is money paid by a cooperative to its patrons on the basis of business done with these patrons, pursuant to a pre-existing obligation, and based on the net earnings of the cooperative from the business done.
In practice, cooperatives typically charge their members for services and refund the profits proportionately. In essence, the above rule provides that the cooperative corporation need not include this amount paid back to the patrons, as a C corporation ordinarily would.
Note that dividends paid out by a cooperative corporation which are not attributable to business done with patrons pursuant to the above definition are still subject to taxation at the corporate level (and the shareholder level). Because of this difference in tax treatment, cooperative corporations will typically keep separate accounting for "patronage dividends" and "non-patronage dividends."
# Unified Memory Access

Unified Memory Access is not a valid term, but is often used mistakenly when referring to:
* Uniform Memory Access, a computer memory architecture used in parallel computers
* Unified Memory Architecture, a technology that allows a graphics processing unit to share system memory
# Wilson Feed Mill

Wilson Feed Mill, also known as Alexander's Mill, is a historic gristmill at 7604 Canal Road in Cuyahoga Valley National Park in the U.S. state of Ohio. Andrew and Robert Alexander built the mill on the Ohio and Erie Canal in 1855 to grind flour for local farmers. At the time, the Cleveland area was a major wheat-producing region, in part because the canal let farmers ship flour across the Great Lakes. In 1900, Thomas and Emma Wilson bought the mill and expanded it to serve larger businesses. They also began grinding animal feed instead of flour at the mill in order to serve the growing feed market. The mill was the last operating mill in the Cuyahoga Valley and ran on water power through 1970.
The mill was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 17, 1979.
# Torrijos

Torrijos can mean:

## People

* General José María de Torrijos y Uriarte (1791–1831), 19th-century Spanish Liberal politician
* Omar Torrijos (1929–1981) was a Panamanian army officer, de facto leader of Panama from 1968 to 1981, and co-negotiator of the Torrijos–Carter Treaties
* Martín Torrijos (born 1963), was the president of the Republic of Panama, from 2004 to 2009, and son of Omar Torrijos

## Places

* Torrijos, Spain, a municipality in the comarca of Torrijos
* Torrijos, a comarca of Spain in the province of Toledo
* Torrijos, Marinduque, a municipality of the Philippines in the province of Marinduque
# Trichadenotecnum castum

Trichadenotecnum castum is a species of common barklouse in the family Psocidae. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China) and North America.
# Talk of the Devil

Talk of the Devil is a 1936 British crime film directed by Carol Reed and starring Ricardo Cortez, Sally Eilers and Basil Sydney.
Reed had previously been working for Ealing Studios, but he made the film for the independent producer Herbert Wilcox. It was the first film to be completely made at the recently opened Pinewood Studios. The film's sets were designed by the art director Wilfred Arnold.
It remains one of Reed's most obscure films and was for many years out of circulation, although the BFI National Archive holds a copy. The film was poorly received in its time and did little to boost Reed's standing in the British film industry.

## Premise

A dishonest shipbuilder plans to frame his half-brother for his own criminal activities.

## Cast

* Ricardo Cortez as Ray Allen
* Sally Eilers as Ann Marlow
* Basil Sydney as Stephen Rindlay
* Randle Ayrton as John Findlay
* Charles Carson as Lord Dymchurch
* Frederick Culley as Mr Alderson
* Anthony Holles as Colquhoun
* Gordon McLeod as Inspector
* Denis Cowles as Philip Couls
* Quentin McPhearson as Angus
* Langley Howard as Clerk
* Margaret Rutherford as Housekeeper
* Moore Marriott as Dart-thrower
# Maurer, Perth Amboy

Maurer is residential neighbourhood and industrial district of Perth Amboy in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Its name is derived from the "company town" built there in 1876. It is north of the Route 440 approach to the Outerbridge Crossing and south of the Perth Amboy Refinery, which began in 1920 as the Barber Asphalt Company. For a time it was known as Barber, a name which has fallen out of use
The eastern area along the waterfront was active during World War II in building and decommissioning ships for the U.S. Navy. One of the primary ship builders during World War II was the New Jersey Shipbuilding Company. The community also housed the American Smelting and Refining Company.