OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Giles

Sir Alexander Falconer Giles, KBE, CMG (16 September 1915 – 11 April 1989) was a British colonial administrator.

## Biography

The son of A. F. Giles, a lecturer in classical history at the University of Edinburgh, Alexander Giles was educated at The Edinburgh Academy, the University of Edinburgh, and Balliol College, Oxford, where he graduated with a BA. He was elected President of the Oxford Union for Michaelmas 1939, but did not hold office because of war service. Commissioned a second lieutenant in the Royal Scots in 1940, he was attached to the Royal West African Frontier Force in 1941 and the 81st (West African) Division in 1941. In 1945, he was Lieutenant-Colonel commanding the 5th Battalion, Gold Coast Regiment. For his war service, he was appointed a MBE and mentioned in despatches.
Giles joined the Colonial Service as a cadet in Tanganyika in 1947. From 1955 to 1961/2 he was Administrator of St Vincent and from 1962 to 1965 he was Resident Commissioner for Basutoland, the last holder of the post. From 1965 to the territory's independence as Lesotho in 1966, he was the British government representative in the territory.
After his retirement from the Colonial Service, he was chairman of the Victoria League in Scotland from 1968 to 1970, chairman of the Scottish Council of the Royal Over-Seas League from 1969 to 1970, and of its Central Council from 1972 to 1975. He was director of Toc H from 1968 to 1974, and general secretary for Scotland of the Royal Over-Seas League from 1976 to 1978.

### Personal life

Giles married in 1953 Mrs M. E. Watson, daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel R. F. D. Burnett, MC, and widow of Lieutenant-Colonel J. L. Watson; they had two stepsons and one stepdaughter.
# Verbosus

Verbosus is a browser-based LaTeX editor which allows a user to create and handle LaTeX projects in a browser. The graphical user interface (GUI) does deliberately not resemble non-browser-based Editors such as TeXworks. It was designed to function and being used in a browser.
Verbosus requires no installation of any software packages like MiKTeX, TeX Live, etc.
As it is the case in other non-browser-based Latex tools a PDF-Viewer is integrated which allows to generate a .pdf out of the Latex-Code. A preview is displayed on the side of the Latex Code. Additionally, the editor supports syntax highlighting which increases the readability as well as code completion.
The connection between the web browser and server is secured by using the HTTPS protocol which provides encryption and secure identification of the server.

## Technology

The client side of Verbosus was developed entirely in JavaScript. In addition, it uses the Dojo Toolkit for server communication. The integrated approach of using JavaScript-On-Demand allows the (for the user transparent) reloading of contents without the need to reload the whole page. Since JavaScript is used as the core-technology no additional plug-in (like Adobe Flash Player, etc.) is required.

## Mobile platforms

VerbTeX is an application for Android, iOS and Windows that uses the interface of Verbosus to synchronize data and generate the PDF from LaTeX code. Since version 3.4 there exists a native Android App called Anoc which is an Octave editor that also uses the interface of Verbosus to generate the result and create plots.

## Collaboration

Verbosus supports simultaneous, collaborative editing of the same project by different users. A built-in tool that implements the diff-algorithm displays conflicting changes and allows a user to resolve conflicts after deciding which version is the correct one.
# Kalpana Rai

Kalpana Rai (9 May 1950 – 6 February 2008) was an Indian actress from Andhra Pradesh who predominantly appeared in Telugu films. She acted in more than 430 films.
She was born in Kakinada.

## Personal life

Kalpana Rai was born in Kakinada. She had experience in stage, through which she entered into films. Though she acted in more than 400 films she died poor.

## Career

She made her debut as an actress with the film O Seeta Katha in 1974. She was known for comical roles with peculiar dialect of Godavari districts. Her last film was Soggadu (2005).

## Notable filmography

* O Seeta Katha (1974)
* Needa Leni Aadadi (1974)
* Raaja (1976) as Paru
* Sri Rama Bantu (1979) as Durgamma
* Kodallostunnaru Jagratta (1980)
* Doctor Malathi (1982)
* Pratigna (1982) as Kanakam
* Bangaru Bhoomi (1982) as Woman at the village well
* Adavalle Aligithe (1983)
* Kondaveeti Nagulu (1984) as Kannamma's(Radhika Sarathkumar) aunt
* Kongumudi (1985) as Nurse
* Pattabhishekam (1985)
* Muddula Krishnayya (1986)
* Kaliyuga Pandavulu (1986)
* Karu Diddina Kapuram (1986)
* Captain Nagarjun (1986)
* Dabbevariki Chedu (1987)
* Bharatamlo Arjunudu (1987)
* Aakhari Poratam (1988)
* Chattamto Chadarangam (1988) as Bhadrakali
* Bazaar Rowdy (1988)
* Veguchukka Pagatichukka (1988)
* Bandhuvulostunnaru Jagartha (1989)
* Krishna Gari Abbayi (1989)
* Kondaveeti Rowdy (1990)
* Chevilo Puvvu (1990)
* Kadapa Reddamma (1990)
* Muddula Menalludu (1990)
* Aapadbandhavudu (1992)
* Jamba Lakidi Pamba (1992)
* Madam (1994)
* Sampradayam (1996) as Peramma
* Super Heroes (1997)
* Hitler (1997)
* Circus Sattipandu (1997)
* Preminchukundam Raa (1997)
* Kalisundam Raa (2000)
* Manasu Paddanu Kaani (2000)
* Priyamaina Neeku (2001)
* Itlu Sravani Subramanyam (2001)
* Allari (2002)
* Soggadu (2005)

## Death

She died because of her illness at her residence in Indiranagar, Hyderabad. Even though she acted in more than 400 films she could not save much. Movie Artistes’ Association donated Rs.10,000 for her funeral and there were hardly any visitors to pay their last respects.
# Stijn

Stijn is a Dutch short form of names ending in "stijn" such as Constantijn or Augustijn. It was the tenth most popular name for boys born in the Netherlands in 2007. People with this name include:
* Stijn Celis (born 1964), Belgian choreographer and set designer
* Stijn Claessens (born 1959), Dutch economist
* Stijn Coninx (born 1957), Belgian film director
* Stijn D'Hulst (born 1991), Belgian volleyball player
* Stijn De Smet (born 1985), Belgian football midfielder
* Stijn Dejonckheere (born 1988), Belgian volleyball player
* Stijn Derkx (born 1995), Dutch football striker
* Stijn Devolder (born 1979), Belgian racing cyclist
* Stijn Francis (born 1982), Belgian football midfielder
* Stijn van Gassel (born 1996), Dutch football goalkeeper
* Stijn Haeldermans (born 1975), Belgian football midfielder
* Stijn Houben (born 1995), Dutch football defender
* Stijn Huysegems (born 1982), Belgian football forward
* Stijn Jaspers (1961–1984), Dutch middle- and long-distance runner
* Stijn Koomen (born 1987), Dutch actor
* Stijn de Looijer (born 1992), Dutch football midfielder
* Stijn van der Meer (born 1993), Dutch baseball player
* Stijn Meert (born 1978), Belgian football midfielder
* Stijn Minne (born 1978), Belgian football defender
* Stijn Neirynck (born 1985), Belgian racing cyclist
* Stijn Schaars (born 1984), Dutch football midfielder
* Stijn Spierings (born 1996), Dutch football midfielder
* Stijn Steels (born 1989), Belgian racing cyclist
* Stijn Streuvels (1871–1969), Belgian writer
* Stijn Van Cauter (born 19??), Belgian electronic musician
* Stijn Vandenbergh (born 1984), Belgian racing cyclist
* Stijn Vreven (born 1973), Belgian football defender and manager
* Stijn Wuytens (born 1989), Belgian football midfielder
# Stogi

Stogi may refer to the following places in Poland:
* Stogi, Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Stogi, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Stogi, Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Stogi, Gdańsk (north Poland)
# Songs for Australia

Songs for Australia is a compilation album curated by Australian singer-songwriter Julia Stone to aid bushfire relief, consisting of covers of well-known Australian songs by other artists from around the world. The album was released on 5 March 2020 online and was made available in June 2020 in stores. Proceeds will go to Firesticks, Landcare Australia, SEED, Emergency Leaders for Climate Action, WildArk and the NSW Rural Fire Service.
# Ted Belytschko

Ted Bohdan Belytschko (January 13, 1943 – September 15, 2014) was an American mechanical engineer. He was Walter P. Murphy Professor and McCormick Professor of Computational Mechanics at Northwestern University. He worked in the field of computational solid mechanics and was known for development of methods like element-free Galerkin method and the Extended finite element method.
Belytschko received his B.S. in Engineering Sciences (1965) and his Ph.D. in Mechanics (1968) from the Illinois Institute of Technology. He was named in ISI Database as the fourth most cited engineering researcher in January 2004. He was also the editor of the International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. He died at the age of 71 on September 15, 2014.

## Awards and honors

* William Prager Medal, 2011.
* Member of the National Academy of Sciences (2011)
* Member of the National Academy of Engineering (1992)
* John von Neumann Medal of the United States Association for Computational Mechanics (2001)
* Timoshenko Medal of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (2001)
* Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2002)
* Gauss Newton Medal of the International Association for Computational Mechanics (2002)
* Theodore von Karman Medal, 1999.
# Mount Nokogiri

Mount Nokogiri can refer to:
* Mount Nokogiri (Chiba) (Nokogiriyama), a mountain in Honshū, Japan.
* Mount Nokogiri (Hokkaidō) (Nokogiridake), a mountain in Hokkaidō, Japan.
* Mount Nokogiri (Akaishi) (Nokogiridake), in the Akaishi Mountains, forming part of the boundary between Nagano and Yamanashi Prefectures
# We Need Love (single album)

We Need Love is the third single album by South Korean girl group STAYC. It was released by High Up Entertainment on July 19, 2022, and contains four tracks, including the lead single "Beautiful Monster".

## Background and release

On June 30, 2022, High Up Entertainment announced STAYC will be releasing a new album in July 2022. A day later, it was announced STAYC would be releasing their third single album titled We Need Love on July 19. On July 5, the album teaser video was released, followed by the promotional schedule a day later. On July 15, the highlight medley video was released with "Beautiful Monster" announced as the lead single. Three days later, the music video teaser for "Beautiful Monster" was released.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| NME | |
Tanu I. Raj of NME stated that "We Need Love played safe leaving much to be desired as a whole" as the single album "is missing the experimental streak STAYC have become synonymous with [and] the complexity in the story they [have] build". Overall, he stated that "We Need Love is a fitting summer album in the sense that the memories won't linger till the next [season]".

## Promotion

Prior to the single album's release, STAYC held a live showcase to introduce the single album and communicate with their fans.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Black Eyed Pilseung and Jeon Goon

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from single album's liner notes.
Studios
* Ingrid Studio – recording, digital editing (all tracks)
* Vanguard Town – digital editing (track 1–2)
* Koko Sound Studio – mixing (all tracks)
* The Mastering Palace – mastering (track 1, 4)
* Metropolis Mastering Studios – mastering (track 2–3)
Personnel
* STAYC – lead vocals, background vocals (all tracks)
** Sieun – background vocals (track 4)
* Ashley Alisha – background vocals (track 1–3)
* Flyt – background vocals (track 4), arrangement (track 1, 3), bass (track 1, 3), drums (track 3), keyboard (track 3), production (track 1, 3–4)
* Black Eyed Pilseung – lyrics, composition, production (all tracks)
* Jeon Goon – lyrics, composition, production (all tracks)
* Rado – arrangement (track 1), drums (track 1–2), keyboard (track 2), guitar (track 2), digital editing (track 1–2)
* Tak – drums, keyboard, bass (track 4)
* Jeong Eun-kyung – recording, digital editing (all tracks)
* Yang Young-eun – recording (track 1)
* Drk – mixing (all tracks)
* Kim Jun-sang – assistant mixing (all tracks)
* Ji Min-woo – assistant mixing (all tracks)
* On Seong-yoon – assistant mixing (all tracks)
* Kim Joon-young – assistant mixing (all tracks)
* Dave Kutch – mastering (track 1, 4)
* Stuart Hawkes – mastering (track 2–3)

## Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for We Need Love :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| South Korea (KMCA) | Platinum | 261,827 |

## Release history

Release history for We Need Love :
| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| South Korea | July 19, 2022 | CD | High UpKakao |
| Various | July 19, 2022 | Digital downloadstreaming | High UpKakao |
# Konstantin Medunetsky

Kazimir (Konstantin) Kostantinovich Medunetsky (1899, Moscow - c. 1935) was a Constructivist sculptor and stage designer who was a pupil of Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko at Vkhutemas (Higher Art and Technical Studios) and founder member of OBMOKHU (Society of Young Russian Artists) in 1919. Medunetsky exhibited designs which included a spiral form at the 1920 OBMOKHU exhibition.
Spatial Construction (formerly Construction No. 557), 1919, in Yale University Art Gallery, is the only surviving example of Medunetsky's sculpture. It was originally purchased by Kathrine Dreier in 1922 for the Société Anonyme.
Medunetsky designed the models for the kiosks in the Soviet part of the Paris Exposition des Arts Decoratifs in 1925 and also the decorations for the Kamerny Theatre.

## Aliases

Aliases used by Medunetsky included: Kazimir Konstantinovič Meduneckij; Konstantin Konstantinovič Meduneckij; Kazimir Konstantinovich Medunetsky; Konstantin Konstantinovich Medunetsky; Konstantin Konstantinowitsch Medunetzki and Konstantin Konstantinowitsch Medunezkij.

## Selected works

* Spatial Construction (formerly Construction No. 557), 1919. Yale University Art Gallery.
* Spatial Construction, 1920.
* Holiday, c. 1920.
* Untitled Construction, c. 1924. (see picture, right)
# Kosovo at the European Championships

Kosovo has competed in the European Championships since the inaugural event in 2018.

## Medal count

| Games | Athletes | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| / 2018 Glasgow and Berlin (details) | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2022 Munich (details) | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
# Anthology: 1999–2013

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Absolute Punk | 95% |
| Allmusic | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
Anthology: 1999–2013 is the second compilation album by American rock band Underoath. It was released on November 6, 2012, via Solid State Records. The announcement of the album coincided with the band's announcement of its intention to embark on a farewell tour in 2013, and disband. Anthology: 1999–2013 features 17 songs from all seven of Underoath's studio albums, presented in reverse chronological order, including two new songs, "Sunburnt" and "Unsound". The two new songs were produced by Matt Goldman, a longtime collaborator of the band.
# Kossodo

Kossodo is a populated place located in the region of Komki-Ipala Department in Burkina Faso. In 2006, it had a population of 254.
# Anthrenus strakai

Anthrenus (Nathrenus) strakai is a species of carpet beetle found in Cape Verde.
# Antoaneta

Antoaneta is a Bulgarian given name. Notable people with this name include the following:
* Antoaneta Boneva (born 1986), Bulgarian shooter
* Antoaneta Frenkeva (born 1971), Bulgarian swimmer
* Antoaneta Pandjerova (born 1977), Bulgarian tennis player
* Antoaneta Rakhneva (born 1962), Bulgarian gymnast
* Antoaneta Stefanova (born 1979), Bulgarian chess player
* Antoaneta Strumenlieva (born 1968), Bulgarian swimmer
* Antoaneta Todorova (born 1963), Bulgarian javelin athlete
* Antoaneta Vassileva (born 1960), Bulgarian economist
# Tenaska

Tenaska is a private, independent energy company based in the United States. The employee-owned company was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, with regional offices in Dallas, Denver, Philadelphia, Boston, Houston, and Calgary and Vancouver in Canada. The company employs approximately 800 people.
Tenaska is involved in all aspects of power generation, as well as natural gas and electric power marketing.
The company has developed approximately 16,400 megawatts (MW) of natural gas-fueled and renewable power projects (solar, wind and hydroelectric). Tenaska and its affiliates have managed the acquisition of approximately 10,750 MW of energy assets.
Forbes magazine consistently ranks Tenaska among the largest private U.S. companies.

## History

In 1987, energy executives Howard Hawks, Tom Hendricks, Max Williams, and Gary Hoover launched Tenaska with the idea that success in an evolving energy industry was a job best suited for a small, private company. Their goal was to build one or two power plants; the company has now built a total of 17.
The company later established affiliates to focus on multiple aspects of the energy industry. Tenaska Marketing Ventures (TMV) manages, trades or sells approximately 10 percent of the total natural gas consumption of the United States and Canada. Similarly, Tenaska Power Services Co. (TPS), an affiliate to market power and provide ancillary services, is the leading provider of energy management services to generation and demand-side customers in the U.S.

## Scope of Business

Natural gas marketing: Tenaska Marketing Ventures provides services that include fuel supply, market and logistical services, asset management and financial and physical hedging services.
Power marketing: Tenaska Power Services Co. provides energy management services to generation and demand-side customers in the U.S. TPS offers optimization, risk management, power trading and settlement services.
Development: The Tenaska Development portfolio currently includes carbon capture and sequestration, natural gas-fired generation, renewable fuel peakers, wind, solar and battery storage projects.
Generation: Encompassing natural gas, wind and solar, the Tenaska Generation fleet consists of 7,580 megawatts of generation combined.
# Tell Addus

Tell Addus is an archaeological site 5 km northwest of Baalbek in the Beqaa Mohafazat (Governorate). It dates at least to the Early Bronze Age.
# Anti-Socialist Union

The Anti-Socialist Union was a British political pressure group that supported free trade economics and opposed socialism. The group was active from 1908 to 1949, with its heyday occurring before the First World War.

## Formation

Coming from the same laissez-faire economic position as contemporaries such as the Liberty and Property Defence League and the British Constitution Association, the ASU was established in 1908 by Daily Express Editor R. D. Blumenfeld. It claimed to be non-political, but its main membership came from the Conservative Party. The ASU campaigned against the social reforms that were brought in by the Liberal Party governments of Henry Campbell-Bannerman and H. H. Asquith and denounced them as socialist initiatives.

## Activities

The group was active in the election campaigns of January and December 1910, and some of its rallies and meetings ended in violence. Keir Hardie was a focus of its activity. Enjoying a circulation of some 70,000 for its journal around that time, the ASU included a young Stanley Baldwin in its membership. Other leading members in the early years included William Hurrell Mallock, Walter Long and Samuel Hoare.
The group went on hiatus during the First World War and was revived initially under the name Reconstruction Society before it became the Anti-Socialist and Anti-Communist Union. It attacked such figures as Harold Laski and Maurice Dobb and also attempted to prove links between the Labour Party and the Soviet Union. By then, however its role had largely been usurped by the British Empire Union, and with no local branch structure, it struggled for influence. Nonetheless, the group claimed that between 1918 and 1922, it has organised around 10,000 meetings.
Although avowedly a free-trade movement, the ASU found itself linked with the fascist movements that began to emerge in the 1920s, largely because of their shared opposition to communism. Under the presidency of Brigadier-General R.B.D. Blakeney, the British Fascists (BF) forged links with the ASU with a number of ASU members from military backgrounds joining the BF. Leading ASU figures such as George Makgill, John Baker White and even Blumenfeld became associated with the BF. Nesta Webster, a leading BF ideologue, was also a member of the ASU and wrote and researched a number of its publications. Also, the chairman of the ASU was Wilfrid Ashley, who would later also serve as chairman of the Anglo-German Fellowship. Harry Brittain, who enjoyed a close friendship with Joachim von Ribbentrop, was a member of the Executive Committee of the ASU.
In an attempt to counter the growing support for socialism in sections of the working class, the group also began to advocate some vaguely-corporatist initiatives such as profit-sharing schemes for workers. Generally, however, the ASU disavowed fascism and did not formally work with any fascist groups.

## Dissolution

The group continued until 1949 when it was wound up and turned its assets over to the Economic League.
# Teledyne CAE J700

The Teledyne CAE J700 is a small turbojet engine designed to power unmanned air vehicles such as missiles. It was developed for and powers the ADM-141C ITALD air-launched decoy missile.

## Design and development

In the early 1990s, Brunswick developed an improved version of the ADM-141 TALD decoy missile with turbojet power, the ADM-141C. Teledyne CAE responded by developing the J700 turbojet for the ADM-141C, giving the missile improved range and a flight profile resembling aircraft.

## Variants
### J402-CA-100

* Variant of the engine used in the ADM-141C ITALD.

## Applications

* ADM-141C ITALD

## Specifications (J700-CA-400)

Data from

#### General characteristics

* Type: Turbojet
* Length:
* Diameter:
* Dry weight:

#### Components

* Compressor:

#### Performance

* Maximum thrust: 180 lbf (0.78 kN)