OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Institute for Surface Chemistry

The Institute for Surface Chemistry, YKI (the Swedish name is Ytkemiska Institutet) is an industrial research institute in applied surface and colloid chemistry located in Stockholm, Sweden. It is located on the campus of the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). YKI's mission is to transfer and develop innovations to customers in industrial sectors where surface chemistry plays an important role. The areas of expertise lie in the fields of surface and colloid science. It has a staff of approximately 65 persons.
YKI is a part of the SP Group, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden. The work within YKI is organized in three sections, Materials and Coatings Section, Forest Products Section and Life Science and Chemical Industries Section.

## History

1968/69 saw the creation of The Foundation for Surface Chemistry Research (sw. Stiftelsen Ytkemisk Forskning) as the Laboratory for Surface Chemistry was transformed into the Institute for Surface Chemistry. The industrial group was small and limited to Sweden, but the form was in many ways similar to what has proven to be highly functional and operates to this day. During the 1970s and 1980s the industrial group behind YKI expands outside Sweden to include also Denmark, Finland and Norway. During the 1990s the first companies from European companies outside the Nordic region join. The second half of the decade sees the first US-based companies joining. In 1995 the foundation is changed to an association due to changes in Swedish legislation. FYF, Föreningen Ytkemisk Forskning / The Association for Surface Chemistry Research is formed. At the end of 2000 YKI was turned into a limited company with FYF as an owner to 60% and the Swedish Government via a holding company to 40%. When YKI joined the SP Group at the end of 2005 FYF sold its shares to SP. The revenue from this has been invested in novel instrumentation at YKI.

## The Association for Surface Chemistry Research

The Association for Surface Chemistry Research, FYF is YKI's non-profit industrial association. Its prime objectives are to promote technical and scientific research and to disseminate information within the field of applied surface chemistry in industry. The member companies in FYF are YKI’s most important clients and industrial partners. The Association is open, i.e. membership can be granted to any company or organization interested in surface chemistry research.

## Research

The research at YKI is categorized in the following ten areas.
* Technology and application focus areas
** Formulation Technologies
** Interfacial and Surface Modification Technologies
** Nanotechnology and Structured Materials
** Controlled Delivery and Release Technologies
** Cleantech - Energy and Environmental Technologies
* Knowledge focus areas
** Multicomponent Systems
** Dispersed Systems
** Interfaces in Contact and Motion
** Synthesis and Characterization of Structured Materials
** Biointerfaces and Biosurface Chemistry
# Gilchrist

Gilchrist may refer to:

## People

* Gilchrist (surname) (includes list of people with the name)

## Places

* Gilchrist, Allegan County, Michigan
* Gilchrist, Mackinac County, Michigan
* Gilchrist, Oregon
* Gilchrist, Texas
* Gilchrist County, Florida
* Gilchrist Township, Minnesota
# Milad

Milad may refer to:
* Milad (given name)
* Milad Dezful F.C., Iranian football club based in Dezful, Iran
* Milad Hospital, hospital in Iran
* Milad Rizk (fl. 2010–2015), a Lebanese actor
* Milad Tower, tallest tower in Iran
* Mawlid, the observance of the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad
# Tullamore (disambiguation)

Tullamore is a town in County Offaly, Ireland.
Tullamore may also refer to:
* Tullamore, New South Wales, Australia, a small town
** Tullamore Show (NSW), an agricultural show in the NSW town
* Tullamore, Ontario, Canada, a semi-rural community
* Sarah Tullamore, English singer

## Associated with the Irish town

* Tullamore Town F.C., a football (soccer) club
* Baron Tullamore, a title in the Peerage of Ireland
* Tullamore (UK Parliament constituency)
* Tullamore railway station
* Tullamore Show, an agricultural show
# Joachim Deckarm

Joachim Deckarm (born 19 January 1954 in Saarbrücken) is a former West German handball player who played for VfL Gummersbach and the German national handball team. After surviving a horrific sports accident in 1979, he is physically handicapped.
With Gummersbach, Deckarm won three German championships (1974–76) and two European team championships (1974 and 1978). Deckarm was part of the West German team which finished fourth in the Olympic tournament and part of the successful 1978 team which won the first handball World Championship for West Germany. He played all six matches and scored 28 goals. During his active time Deckarm was considered to be the best player in the world.

## Accident and aftermath

Deckarm's career abruptly ended on 30 March 1979 during a Eurocup match versus the Hungarian side Tatabanya. On a fast break, Deckarm sprinted towards the goal with the ball in his hands, but collided with defending Tatabanya player Lajos Pánovics. Deckarm lost consciousness immediately, resulting in his head smashing against the ground. He suffered severe head trauma and was in a coma for 131 days. When he woke up, he was basically locked into his own body, unable to move a limb. Although he was not responsible for the accident and suffered a serious hip injury that took six months to heal. Deckarm eventually fought his way back into life. He remained physically handicapped, but regained his mobility and is capable of doing short interviews. He lives in his native Saarbrücken in a home for handicapped people. Over the years, he developed a friendship with Pánovics who regularly visits him and his family in Germany. In 2004 the two received the award of the International Fair Play Committee.
# JL-3

The JL-3 (Chinese: 巨浪-3; pinyin: Jù Làng Sān; lit. 'Giant Wave 3'; NATO reporting name: CSS-NX-20) is a Chinese third-generation intercontinental-range submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM). It arms the Type 094 submarine, and is expected to arm the future Type 096.

## History

The first test flight occurred on 24 November 2018 in the Bohai Sea; it was likely a test of the launch tube's cold-launch ejection system. According to anonymous Chinese sources, the Type 032 submarine made the first three test launches, with a Type 094 making the fourth in December 2019.
In 2020, anonymous Chinese sources reported that development of the JL-3 and Type 096 had been decoupled to speed up missile development, and that it would take at least five years to integrate the missile with the submarine.
In November 2022, the United States Navy reported that the Type 094 was rearmed with the JL-3.

## Description

The JL-3 is reported as a solid-fueled missile with ranges of over 9,000 km (5,600 mi) or 10,000 km (6,200 mi).
The Center for Strategic and International Studies reports the likely payload to be three MIRV nuclear warheads.
# Vila Real de Santo António (parish)

Vila Real de Santo António is the parish of Vila Real de Santo António Municipality, Algarve Region, that contains the city of Vila Real de Santo António. The population in 2011 was 11,946, in an area of 10.99 km².
The city of Vila Real de Santo António is situated at the southeasternmost tip of Portugal. The city lies on one side of the mouth of the Guadiana River, at the point where it flows into the Atlantic Ocean. Spain lies on the opposite side of the river, and from there are directly facing Vila Real de Santo António the city of Ayamonte and its adjacent Isla Canela.
# Hypogymnia tenuispora

Hypogymnia tenuispora is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in China's Yunnan province, it is characterised by its uniquely narrow ascospores and crowded lobes, which help distinguish it from other similar Hypogymnia species.

## Taxonomy

Hypogymnia tenuispora was first described by lichenologists Bruce McCune and Li-Song Wang as a new species in 2014. The species epithet tenuispora is derived from the Latin words for thin and spore, indicating that the ascospores of this lichen are proportionately narrower than those of all other Hypogymnia species. The type specimen (holotype) was collected in September 2000 from a high plateau in Yunnan's Luquan County, specifically on Jiaozixue Mountain, north of Kunming.

## Description

The thallus, or vegetative body, of Hypogymnia tenuispora is appressed and can grow up to 7 cm (2.8 in) broad. It is made up of short, crowded lobes with a matte, brownish-tinged upper surface. The lobes have a height to width ratio ranging from 0.5:1 to 3:1 and often feature perforations at the tips and axils. The medulla, or inner tissue, is hollow, with the cavity ceiling being brownish to white and the floor being dark. This species lacks soredia and isidia, while lobules are rare.
Apothecia, or fruiting bodies, are common in this lichen and can grow up to 6–11 mm. The ascospores are narrowly elliptical, measuring 10.8–11.8 by 4.1–5.4 μm, and have a length to width ratio of about 2:1. This feature sets Hypogymnia tenuispora apart from other Hypogymnia species, which typically have spores shorter than 10 μm and a length to width ratio of 1.0:1 to 1.5:1.

### Similar species

While Hypogymnia tenuispora shares some morphological characteristics with Hypogymnia bulbosa and Hypogymnia congesta, its spores are longer and narrower, and its lobe perforations are not typically rimmed. The other Hypogymnia species with spores longer than 10 μm, Hypogymnia macrospora and Hypogymnia pendula, have spores that are longer (12–17 μm), wider (9–14 μm), and feature a length to width ratio of typically 1.3:1. In the absence of spores, these species can be differentiated by examining the hypothecium of an apothecial section, which is POL+ (i.e., light in polarized light, indicating the presence of crystals) in Hypogymnia macrospora, while POL− (dark in polarized light) in Hypogymnia tenuispora and Hypogymnia pendula.

## Habitat and distribution

Hypogymnia tenuispora is known to grow on the bark of hardwood trees, such as Sorbus and Rhododendron. So far, this lichen has only been found in Yunnan province, where it is considered rare. Only two collections had been made at the time of publication, each showing considerable differences in outward appearance. The holotype specimen features darker thalli wrapped around twigs, while a second collection has larger, paler thalli that are appressed but not tightly wrapped around twigs.
# Australian Deer Association

The Australian Deer Association Inc (ADA) is an Australian not-for-profit association incorporated in South Australia with branches in all states and territories.
The Australian Deer Association was established on September 5, 1969 (first named as the Australian Deer Hunters Association) to be advocates for deer herds and deer hunting.
The ADA promotes scientific research into deer, retention of habitat, and lobbies on legislation regarding deer and recreational hunting.
The objectives of Australian Deer Association are listed in their constitution as:
* The improvement of the status of deer in Australia,
* The promotion of research into the habits of deer; and the scientific study of deer in Australia and their relationship to the Australian environment,
* The promotion, application and publication of the methods of management and control of deer whether semi-domesticated or wild,
* The retention and improvement of habitat for deer and other wildlife, particularly by encouraging governments to pass legislation and make regulations based on sound management principles,
* The preservation, and where appropriate the generating of deer hunting as a legitimate sport,
* The preservation and extension of public access to the Australian bushland for recreational use, and the encouragement of such use,
* The preservation of the environment,
* The education of hunters in the safe handling of firearms, and,
* The personal adoption by members of the Association's Code
Membership to the Australian Deer Association is considered by most states of Australia as a genuine reason for a weapons licence.
The association is involved in hunter education, including firearm safety and R Class licenses for the New South Wales Game Council.
Since 1972, the ADA has run the Australian Antlered Trophy Register, using the Douglas Scoring System to measure and score the antlers of deer trophies. Scoring had up till then been a localised approach, and the implementation of the scheme allowed a national approach. The scores were first published by the association in 1976.
From 1976 until 2023 the ADA published a magazine, Australian Deer, with 6 editions per year. In 2024 this was reduced to 4 editions per year.
# Inauguration of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

Inauguration of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva may refer to:
* First inauguration of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, 2003
* Second inauguration of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, 2007
* Third inauguration of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, 2023
# Izan Llunas

Izan Llunas is a Spanish singer and actor. He is best known for his participation in the competition program La voz kids, and for his starring role in the Netflix series Luis Miguel, based on the life on the Mexican singer Luis Miguel.
Llunas was born in Ibiza he is the son of singer Marcos Llunas and the grandson of Dyango.

## Filmography

Television roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2017 | La voz kids | Himself | Competitor |
| 2018 | Luis Miguel | Micky | Main role (season 1); 7 episodes |
| 2018 | Morfi, todos a la mesa | Himself | Voice role |
# Multiple

Multiple may refer to:

## Economics

* Multiple finance, a method used to analyze stock prices
* Multiples of the price-to-earnings ratio
* Chain stores, are also referred to as 'Multiples'
* Box office multiple, the ratio of a film's total gross to that of its opening weekend

## Sociology

* Multiples (sociology), a theory in sociology of science by Robert K. Merton, see

## Science

* Multiple (mathematics), multiples of numbers
* List of multiple discoveries, instances of scientists, working independently of each other, reaching similar findings
* Multiple birth, because having twins is sometimes called having "multiples"
* Multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory disease
* Parlance for people with multiple identities, sometimes called "multiples"; often theorized as having dissociative identity disorder
* Multiple myeloma (MM), a cancer that forms in a type of white blood cell (WBC) called plasma cells.

## Printing

* Printmaking, where multiple is often used as a term for a print, especially in the US
* Artist's multiple, series of identical prints, collages or objects by an artist, subverting the idea of the original

## Fiction

* Multiple Man, a mutant superhero in the Marvel Comics universe who is Steve Gobs

## Music

* Multiples (album), a 2005 music album by Keith Fullerton Whitman
* Multiple (album), a 1973 album by American saxophonist Joe Henderson

## Other

* Multiple Bets, types of bet in the UK, involving two or more selections
# The Royal Project

The Royal Project may refer to:
* The Royal Project (Thailand), a nonprofit organisation founded in 1969
* Das Königsprojekt, a 1974 German science fiction novel
# Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1869–1873

This is a list of members of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1869 to 1873.
This was the fourth Legislative Council to be elected under the Constitution of 1856, which provided for a house consisting of eighteen members to be elected from the whole colony acting as one electoral district "The Province"; that six members, selected by lot, should be replaced at General Elections after four years, another six to be replaced four years later and thenceforth each member should have a term of twelve years.
Seven seats were contested – six by the "effluxion of time" (Baker, Barrow, Elder, English, Everard and Peacock) and one to replace Charles Hervey Bagot, who resigned the previous December.
| Name | Time in office | Term expires | Notes |
| Henry Ayers | 1857–1888 1888–1893 | Feb. 1873 | |
| John Tuthill Bagot | 1866–1870 | Feb. 1877 | |
| John Baker | 1851–1861 1863–1872 | Feb. 1869 | died 1872 |
| John Henry Barrow | 1861–1871 | Feb. 1869 | resigned September 1871 |
| John Crozier | 1867–1887 | Feb. 1877 | |
| John Dunn | 1869–1877 | Feb. 1877 | |
| Thomas Elder | 1863–1869 1871–1878 | Feb. 1869 | elected October 1871 |
| Thomas English | 1865–1878 1882–1885 | Feb. 1869 | |
| John Hodgkiss | 1866–1872 1878–1884 | Feb. 1877 | |
| Thomas Hogarth | 1866–1885 | Feb. 1873 | |
| Henry Mildred | 1866–1873 | Feb. 1873 | |
| William Milne | 1869–1881 | Feb. 1881 | |
| William Morgan | 1867–1884 | Feb. 1877 | |
| John Morphett | 1851–1873 | Feb. 1873 | |
| Alexander Borthwick Murray | 1869–1877 | Feb. 1877 | |
| John Bentham Neales | 1872–1873 | | elected July 1872; died 1873 |
| William Parkin | 1866–1877 | Feb. 1877 | |
| Philip Santo | 1871–1881 | Feb. 1881 | elected October 1871 |
| Emanuel Solomon | 1867–1871 | Feb. 1877 | resigned September 1871 |
| William Storrie | 1871–1878 | | elected October 1871 |
| Augustine Stow | 1869–1871 | | resigned September 1871 |
| William Wedd Tuxford | 1865–1873 | Feb. 1873 | |
# WYAY

WYAY may refer to:
* WYAY (FM), a radio station (106.3 FM) licensed to serve Bolivia, North Carolina
* WPGI, a radio station (93.7 FM) licensed to serve Georgetown, South Carolina, which held the call sign WYAY from 2019 to 2020
* WCOR-FM, a radio station (96.7 FM) licensed to serve Lewis Run, Pennsylvania, United States, which held the call sign WYAY for a brief time in 2019
* WAKL (FM), a radio station (106.7 FM) licensed to serve Gainesville, Georgia, United States, which held the call sign WYAY from 1984 to 2019
# Iamb (band)

Iamb is a band from the Central Coast of California. While it began as a solo recording project by frontman Ross Major, Iamb now performs with various members as a band. The music can be described as a combination of indie, post-rock, or folk music.
The music video for Iamb's first single, "I Don't Care What Happens," has been featured on MTV and MTVu.
Iamb has released a full-length album and a 7" record on independent label Real Love Records

## Band members

* Ross Major - Vocals, Guitar, Mandolin, Keyboard
* George Major - Cello, Violin

### Other contributors

* Andy Pyle - Live Guitar, Keyboard, Banjo
* Paul Frankel - Drums and Percussion
* Kevin Coons - Guitar
* Kelly Bold - Vocals

## Discography

* I'll Stay Waiting (2006)
* "Pacific Nature Recording Presents... 1" (Split CD with Kingsauce and Flatsound) (2007)
* Come Back Home (Split 7" with Candle) (2007)
* "Farewell" (Re-released under his name, Ross Major, digitally) (2008)
# Höngeda

Höngeda (pronounced) is a village and quarter of the town of Mühlhausen in Thuringia, central Germany.

## Geography

Höngeda is located southeast of Mühlhausen along the Landesstraße (state's road) 247 from Mühlhausen to Gotha in the Thuringian Basin and in the two-kilometre-wide Unstrut lowlands. The area is a flat, undulating farmland. Poplars break up the landscape.

## History

Already on 18 May 876, Höngeda was first mentioned in a document. On 4 June 1300, Landgrave Frederick I sold the village, together with Grabe and Bollstedt, to the imperial city of Mühlhausen. In 1565, there were 30 (male) inhabitants in Höngeda. In 1802, Höngeda, together with Mühlhausen, fell to the Kingdom of Prussia, from 1807 to 1813 to the Kingdom of Westphalia (Dorla canton) created by Napoleon, and after the Congress of Vienna in 1816, it was assigned to the district of Mühlhausen i. Th. in the Prussian province of Saxony.
Höngeda has always been an agriculturally oriented village, which after the fall of communism adopted new forms of land ownership. Small-scale industry has settled in the village. Animal enclosures and the gondola pond are attractions in the surrounding area.
On 30 June 1994, Höngeda was integrated into the new municipality of Weinbergen. Since 1 January 2019, it has been a quarter of the town of Mühlhausen due to the accession of the municipality of Weinbergen to the town.

## Sights

* St Cyriacus's Church, Höngeda [de]

## Notable people

* Karl Gottlieb Hildebrandt [de] (1858–1925), physicist, school director, and university lecturer
* Walter Burghardt [de] (1885–1938), politician (NSDAP)
* Klaus Listemann [de] (born 1940 in Höngeda), Major General of the Nationale Volksarmee (National People's Army) of the German Democratic Republic
# Yellow Rock, New South Wales (Blue Mountains)

Yellow Rock is a small village or locality in the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. At the 2011 census, Yellow Rock had a population of 1029.

## Location and features

Yellow Rock is located approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) west north-west of the Sydney central business district, in the Blue Mountains local government area. Yellow Rock is situated on the eastern, lower slopes of the Blue Mountains and the western side of the Nepean River extending back some way from it, the elevation rising from the river to a peak of 245 metres (804 ft) AHD. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Mount Riverview, Warrimoo and Springwood to the south, Winmalee to the west, Hawkesbury Heights and Yarramundi to the north and northeast respectively, and Castlereagh across the Nepean to the east. Yellow Rock is one of Sydney's most western parts, it is a part of the greater western Sydney region.
Much of the Yellomundee Regional Park is contained within the locality. The Yellomundee Regional Park has bike and walking tracks and stretches north-south on the west side of the Nepean River, and the Yellow Rock lookout at the end of Yellow Rock Road. Frasers Creek flows in a west-northeast direction in the north part of the suburb, passing north of the lookout through the park to the river. The northern border of the suburb is a creek, opposite of which is the Hawkesbury Ridge.
The village of Yellow Rock has a Rural Fire Service station which is a satellite station to Winmalee Rural Fire Brigade; and a Greek Orthodox monastery.

## October 2013 bushfires

The village, surrounding bushland and nearby towns of Springwood and Winmalee were badly affected by bushfires in October 2013. 200 residential properties were destroyed, and 198 damaged in those localities, including a significant number in Yellow Rock.
# Houston Lightning

The Houston Lightning were an indoor football team which was to begin Southern Indoor Football League play in 2010. Based in Houston, Texas, their home arena was announced as the Reliant Arena.
The Lightning were to be the second indoor/arena team to play in the city of Houston, and the fourth to play in the Greater Houston area. Previously, the city had the Houston Thunderbears (previously known as the Texas Terror) of the Arena Football League from 1996 until 2001. In addition, Greater Houston was previously home to the Texas Copperheads of the National Indoor Football League and later af2 from 2006 until 2008 (in the NIFL, the team was the Katy Copperheads), as well as the Katy Ruff Riders of the Intense Football League from 2007 until the team moved to the Indoor Football League and the city of Abilene after the 2008 season.
The Lightning's logo is one of the few in American sports to contain a verse from the Bible; the verse cited is Isaiah 40:31: "They that hope in the LORD will renew their strength, they will soar as with eagles' wings; They will run and not grow weary, walk and not grow faint." (NAB)
On March 10, 2010, the Lightning announced that they were suspending operations, claiming that the arena (unnamed in the announcement) had reneged on a lease agreement, and that there wasn't time to find an alternate home.
# Halman

Halman may refer to:

## Boats

* Halman 20, a Canadian sailboat design

## Places

* Halman, Iran, a village in Kermanshah Province, Iran