# Introduction to Solid State Physics

Introduction to Solid State Physics, known colloquially as Kittel, is a classic condensed matter physics textbook written by American physicist Charles Kittel in 1953. The book has been highly influential and has seen widespread adoption; Marvin L. Cohen remarked in 2019 that Kittel's content choices in the original edition played a large role in defining the field of solid-state physics. It was also the first proper textbook covering this new field of physics. The book is published by John Wiley and Sons and, as of 2018, it is in its ninth edition and has been reprinted many times as well as translated into over a dozen languages, including Chinese, French, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Malay, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, and Turkish. In some later editions, the eighteenth chapter, titled Nanostructures, was written by Paul McEuen. Along with its competitor Ashcroft and Mermin, the book is considered a standard textbook in condensed matter physics.

## Background

Kittel received his PhD from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1941 under his advisor Gregory Breit. Before being promoted to professor of physics at UC Berkeley in 1951, Kittel held several other positions. He worked for the Naval Ordnance Laboratory from 1940 to 1942, was a research physicist in the US Navy until 1945, worked at the Research Laboratory of Electronics at MIT from 1945 to 1947 and at Bell Labs from 1947 to 1951, and was a visiting associate professor at UC Berkeley from 1950 until his promotion.
Henry Ehrenreich has noted that before the first edition of Introduction to Solid State Physics came out in 1953, there were no other textbooks on the subject; rather, the young field's study material was spread across several prominent articles and treatises. The field of solid state physics was very new at the time of writing and was defined by only a few treatises that, in the Ehrenreich's view, expounded rather than explained the topics and were not suitable as textbooks.

## Content

The book covers a wide range of topics in solid state physics, including Bloch's theorem, crystals, magnetism, phonons, Fermi gases, magnetic resonance, and surface physics. The chapters are broken into sections that highlight the topics.
Table of contents (8th ed.) :
| Chapter | Title | Topics |
| 1 | Crystal Structure | Crystal structure |
| 2 | Wave Diffraction and the Reciprocal Lattice | diffraction, Bragg Law, Fourier analysis, reciprocal lattice vectors, Laue equations, Brillouin zone, atomic form factor |
| 3 | Crystal Binding and Elastic Constants | Van der Waals force, Ionic crystals, covalent crystals, metals |
| 4 | Phonons I. Crystal Vibrations | phonons |
| 5 | Phonons II. Thermal Properties | phonons |
| 6 | Free Electron Fermi Gas | Fermi gas, free electron model |
| 7 | Energy Bands | nearly free electron model, Bloch's theorem, Kronig-Penney model, crystal momentum |
| 8 | Semiconductor Crystals | band gap, electron holes, semimetals, superlattices |
| 9 | Fermi Surfaces and Metals | Fermi surfaces |
| 10 | Superconductivity | superconductivity, BCS theory, superconductors |
| 11 | Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism | diamagnetism and paramagnetism |
| 12 | Ferromagnetism and Antiferromagnetism | ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism |
| 13 | Magnetic Resonance | magnetic resonance |
| 14 | Plasmons, Polaritons, and Polarons | plasmons, polaritons, polarons |
| 15 | Optical Processes and Excitons | excitons, Kramers-Kronig relations |
| 16 | Dielectrics And Ferroelectrics | Maxwell equations in matter |
| 17 | Surface and Interface Physics | surface physics |
| 18 | Nanostructures (by Paul McEuen) | electron microscopy, optical microscopy |
| 19 | Noncrystalline Solids | glasses |
| 20 | Point Defects | lattice defects |
| 21 | Dislocations | shear strength of crystals, dislocations, hardness of materials |
| 22 | Alloys | Hume-Rothery rules, electrical conductivity, Kondo effect |

## Reception

Marvin L. Cohen and Morrel H. Cohen, in an obituary for Kittel in 2019, remarked that the original book "was not only the dominant text for teaching in the field, it was on the bookshelf of researchers in academia and industry throughout the world", though they did not provide any time frame on when it may have been surpassed as the dominant text. They also noted that Kittel's content choices played a large role in defining the field of solid-state physics.
The book is a classic textbook in the subject and has seen use as a comparative benchmark in the reviews of other books in condensed matter physics. In a 1969 review of another book, Robert G. Chambers noted that there were not many textbooks covering these topics, as "since 1953, Kittel's classic Introduction to Solid State Physics has dominated the field so effectively that few competitors have appeared", noting that the third edition continues that legacy. Before continuing, the reviewer noted that the book was too long for some uses and that less thorough works would be welcome.
* Several notable reviews of the first edition were published in 1954, including Arthur James Cochran Wilson, Leslie Fleetwood Bates, and Kenneth Standley, among others.
* Gwyn Owain Jones reviewed the book in 1955.
* The second edition of the book was reviewed by Robert W. Hellwarth in 1957 and Leslie Fleetwood Bates, among others.
* The third edition of the book also received reviews, including one by Donald F. Holcomb.
* A German translation of the book has also received several reviews.

## Publication history
### Original editions

* Kittel, Charles (1953). Introduction to solid state physics (1st ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 396. OCLC 859669173.
* Kittel, Charles (1956). Introduction to solid state physics (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 617. OCLC 746139663.
* Kittel, Charles (1966). Introduction to solid state physics (3rd ed.). New York; London: Wiley. p. 613. OCLC 1159631475.
* Kittel, Charles (1971). Introduction to solid state physics (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 766. ISBN 978-0-471-49021-0. OCLC 802643946.
* Kittel, Charles (1976). Introduction to solid state physics (5th ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 673. ISBN 978-0-471-49024-1. OCLC 908887143.
* Kittel, Charles (1986). Introduction to solid state physics (6th ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 646. ISBN 978-0-471-87474-4. OCLC 797201261.
* Kittel, Charles (1996). Introduction to solid state physics (7th ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 673. ISBN 978-0-471-11181-8. OCLC 263625446.
* Kittel, Charles (2005). Introduction to solid state physics (8th ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 680. ISBN 978-0-471-68057-4. OCLC 787838554.
* Kittel, Charles; McEuen, Paul (2018). Introduction to solid state physics (Global ed.,9th ed.). New Jersey: Wiley. p. 692. ISBN 978-1-119-45416-8. OCLC 1097548279.

### Reprints

* Kittel, Charles (1954) [1953]. Introduction to solid state physics (1st ed.). New York: John Wiley and Sons. p. 396. OCLC 1123251585.
* Kittel, Charles (1967). Introduction to solid state physics (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 648. OCLC 230149869.
* Kittel, Charles (1987). Introduction to solid state physics (6th ed.). New delhi: Wiley Eastern Ltd. p. 599. OCLC 772488914.
* Kittel, Charles (2011). Introduction to solid state physics (8th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. p. 680. ISBN 978-0-471-41526-8. OCLC 730010889.
* Kittel, Charles (2013). Introduction to solid state physics (8th ed.). New Jersey: Wiley. p. 680. ISBN 978-0-471-41526-8. OCLC 820453856.
* Kittel, Charles; McEuen, Paul (2015). Introduction to solid state physics (8th ed.). New Delhi: Wiley. p. 680. ISBN 978-81-265-3518-7. OCLC 987438137.

### Foreign translations

| Language | Title | Translators | Year | Publisher | Location | Identifiers |
| Spanish | Introduccion a la física del estado sólido (in Spanish). | | 1965 | Reverte | Barcelona | OCLC 1097704401 |
| Hungarian | Bevezetés a szilárdtestfizikába (in Hungarian). | Ferenc Kedves | 1966 | Műszaki Kiadó | Budapest | OCLC 895275633 |
| Arabic | al-Mabādiʼ al-asasiyah fi fizyāʼ al-jawāmid (in Arabic). | Mahmūd Mukhtār | 1968 | Maktabat al-Nahdah al-Misriyah nushir haḍa al-kitạb maʻah muassasat Frankilīn; Mūassasat Frankilīn | al-Qāhirah; al-Qāhirah; New York | OCLC 18156712 |
| Japanese | 固体物理学入門. 上 上 (in Japanese). | 良清 宇野 | 1968 | 丸善 | Tokyo | OCLC 673599602 |
| Romanian | Introducere în fizica corpului solid (in Romanian). | Anatolie Hristev; Cornelia C. Rusu | 1972 | Editura Tehnică | Bucureşti | OCLC 895553854 |
| French | Introduction à la physique de l'état solide (in French) (3rd ed.). | Alain Honnart | 1972 | Dunod | Paris | OCLC 25192813 ISBN 978-2-04-005248-5 |
| Japanese | 固体物理学入門. 上 上 (in Japanese). | | 1974 | 丸善 | Tokyo | OCLC 33543405 |
| Russian | Vvedenie v fiziku tverdogo tela (in Russian). | A. A Gusev | 1978 | "Nauka", Glav. red. fiziko-matematicheskoĭ lit-ry | Moskva | OCLC 22540726 |
| Japanese | 固体物理学入門. 上 (in Japanese). | Ryōsei Uno | 1978 | 丸善 | Tōkyō | OCLC 47405134 |
| Modern Greek | Eisagōgē stē physikē stereas katastaseōs (in Greek) (5th ed.). | C. Papageorgopoulos | 1976 | G. Pneumatikou | Athēna | OCLC 21774626 |
| Chinese | 固態物理學概論 / Gu tai wu li xue gai lun (in Chinese). | 翁上林 | 1979 | 臺北市徐氏基金會 | 臺北市 | OCLC 681443056 |
| Spanish | Introduccion a la física del estado sólido (in Spanish) (2 ed.). | Serna Alcaraz, J., Serna Alcaraz, C. R., Piqueras de Noriega, J. | 1981 | Reverté | Barcelona | OCLC 46327300 ISBN 978-84-291-4075-0 |
| Czech | Úvod do fyziky pevných látek: celost. vysokošk. učebnice pro stud. matematicko-fyz. a přírodověd. fakult (in Czech). | Miloš Matyáš | 1985 | Academia | Praha | OCLC 39420310 |
| Japanese | Kotai butsurigaku nyūmon (in Japanese). | Uno, Ryōsei., 宇野, 良清 | 1988 | 丸善 | | OCLC 673243413 ISBN 978-4-621-03250-3 |
| Malay | Pengenalan fizik keadaan pepejal (in Malay). | Khiruddin Abdullah; Karsono Ahmad Dasuki | 1995 | Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia | Pulau Pinang | OCLC 850076803 ISBN 978-983-861-100-8 |
| Korean | 고체물리학 = Introduction to solid state physics (in Korean) (Kaejŏng 7-p'an ed.). | U, Chong-ch'ŏn., 우종천. | 1997 | Pŏmhan Sŏjok Chusik Hoesa | Sŏul | OCLC 38038777 ISBN 978-89-7129-087-3 |
| Japanese | 固体物理学入門. 上 上 (in Japanese) (Dai 7-han ed.). | Ryōsei Uno, 良清 宇野 | 1998 | Maruzen | Tōkyō | OCLC 38943576 ISBN 978-4-621-04423-0 |
| Polish | Wstęp do fizyki ciała stałego (in Polish). | Wiesława Korczak | 1999 | Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN | Warszawa | OCLC 41259843 ISBN 978-83-01-12706-0 |
| Japanese | Kotai butsurigaku nyūmon. jō (in Japanese). | Uno, Ryōsei., Tsuya, Noboru., Niizeki, Komajirō., 宇野, 良清, 津屋, 昇 | 2005 | Maruzen | Tōkyō | OCLC 676541713 ISBN 978-4-621-07653-8 |
| German | Einführung in die Festkörperphysik (in German) (14., überarb. und erw. Aufl ed.). | Siegfried Hunklinger | 2005 | München Wien Oldenbourg | München | OCLC 163412454 ISBN 978-3-486-57723-5 |
| Chinese | Gu tai wu li xue dao lun (Er ban ed.). | Hong, Lian-hui (wu li xue), Liu, Li-ji., Wei, Rong-jun., Kittel, Charles, 1916-, 洪連輝 (物理學), 劉立基. | 2006 | Gao li | Tai bei xian wu gu xiang | OCLC 176861489 ISBN 978-986-412-348-3 |
| French | Physique de l'état solide: cours et problèmes (in French). | Paul McEuen | 2007 | Dunod | Paris | OCLC 213053150 ISBN 978-2-10-049710-2 |
| Italian | Introduzione alla fisica dello stato solido (in Italian). | Ennio Bonetti; Carlo Bottani; Franco Ciccacci | 2008 | C.E.A. | Milano | OCLC 860462787 ISBN 978-88-08-18362-0 |
| Turkish | Katı hal fiziğine giriş (in Turkish) (Sekizinci baskıdan çeviri ed.). | Gülsen Önengüt; Demir Önengüt; H İbrahim Somyürek | 2014 | Palme Yayıncılık | Ankara | OCLC 949367956 ISBN 978-605-355-225-3 |
| Spanish | Introducción a la fisica del estado sólido (in Spanish). | J. Anguilar Peris; J. de la Rubia Pacheco | 2018 | Reverté | Barcelona | OCLC 1083203050 ISBN 978-84-291-4317-1 |
| Korean | Goche mullihak (in Korean). | Ujongcheon., Sin, Seongcheol., Yu, Geonho., I, Seongik., I, Jaeil. | 2019 | Tekseuteu Bukseu | Seoul | OCLC 1128665713 ISBN 978-89-93543-78-0 |
| Polish | Wstęp do fizyki ciała stałego (in Polish) (Wyd. 5, 3 dodr ed.). | Wiesława Korczak; Tadeusz Skośkiewicz; Andrzej Wiśniewski; Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN | 2012 | Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN | Warszawa | OCLC 803803518 ISBN 978-83-01-16804-9 |