OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle Creek City Hall

The Battle Creek City Hall is a governmental building located at 103 East Michigan Avenue in Battle Creek, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

## History

Battle Creek was first settled by Europeans in 1835. A village government was established in 1850, and the community was incorporated as a city in 1859. In 1867/68, the first city hall building was constructed, located at 25 West Michigan Avenue. However, the city continued to grow, and by the turn of the century this building was no longer adequate to house city government. In 1907, Mayor Charles c. Green put a special committee together to begin planning for a new city hall. The committee identified possible sites, and the location at 103 E. Michigan was chosen by public referendum. The site was purchased, but it was not until 1912 that the city hired local architect Ernest W. Arnold to prepare plans for a new city hall. Arnold delivered plans later that year, and in early 1913 the city contracted with the S. B. Cole Construction Company of Detroit to construct the building. Construction began in 1913 and was completed in 1914. As the city expanded over the next century, the fire and police headquarters moved out of the building to new structures, but the building remains home to the city government.

## Description

The Battle Creek City Hall is a steel frame Neoclassical structure on a concrete foundation, standing three stories tall with an additional attic level. It has a broad front with rusticated limestone masonry on the first floor and red brick on the upper stories with limestone quoining at the corners. The front consists of five sections: projecting three-bay-wide units at each end, slightly recessed two-bay units inward, and a projecting center mass containing the main entrance. The central entrance consists of three recessed, arched entrance-ways in the base section sheltered by a six-column Ionic portico. Upper story window surrounds are made of cast concrete, and the facade contains a wealth of classical detailing, including rosettes, dentils, beadwork, and egg-and-tongue moldings in the entablature and spandrel panels. The rear of the building has a similar five-part facade with entryway, but lacks the portico. The sides are shorter, and have similar entryways.
# Berlin, Oregon

Berlin is an unincorporated community in Linn County, Oregon, United States.

## History

Originally, the community was developed around a horse racing course operated by the Burrell family. The races became so popular that the family began charging visitors for meals and their home became known as Burrell’s Inn. When a local post office was established in 1899, it was called Berlin (a single word version of Burrell Inn). The Berlin post office was closed in 1937.

## Geography

Waterloo is to the west; Sweet Home is to the south. Berlin is approximately 10 miles (16 km) east of Lebanon and 70 miles (110 km) north-east of Eugene.
Berlin has a creek, the Hamilton Creek.
Berlin is a located in Linn County at latitude 44.498 and longitude -122.748.
Climate data for Berlin, Oregon :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 48 (9) | 52 (11) | 56 (13) | 61 (16) | 67 (19) | 73 (23) | 81 (27) | 82 (28) | 76 (24) | 65 (18) | 53 (12) | 47 (8) | 63 (17) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 34 (1) | 35 (2) | 37 (3) | 39 (4) | 44 (7) | 48 (9) | 51 (11) | 50 (10) | 46 (8) | 42 (6) | 38 (3) | 34 (1) | 42 (5) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 7.0 (180) | 5.9 (150) | 6.1 (150) | 4.8 (120) | 3.7 (94) | 2.5 (64) | 0.7 (18) | 0.9 (23) | 2.0 (51) | 4.3 (110) | 8.0 (200) | 8.2 (210) | 54.1 (1,370) |
| Average precipitation days | 16 | 14 | 16 | 14 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 16 | 17 | 129 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||
# Minuscule 436

Minuscule 436 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 172 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th or 12th century. Formerly it was labelled by 73$^a$ and 80$^p$.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 165 parchment leaves (20.8 cm by 16.3 cm) with only one lacuna (Epistle to Philemon). Written in one column per page, in 30 lines per page. The leaves are arranged in quarto.
It contains Prolegomena, lists of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each book, Menaion, lectionary markings at the margin (for church reading), Synaxarion, Menologion, and stichoi.
The order of books: Acts, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles (Hebrews, 1 Timothy).

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type with numerous allies reading. Aland placed it in Category III.
According to F. H. A. Scrivener it is an excellent manuscript. According to Gregory its text is good.
In Romans 8:1 it has singular reading Ιησου κατα σαρκα περιπατουσιν αλλα κατα πνευμα, majority of manuscripts reads Ιησου μη κατα σαρκα περιπατουσιν αλλα κατα πνευμα.
In 1 Corinthians 2:1 it reads μυστηριον along with 𝔓$^{46}$, א, Α, C, 88, it$^{a,r}$, syr$^p$, cop$^{bo}$. Other manuscripts read μαρτυριον or σωτηριον.
In 1 Timothy 3:16 it has textual variant θεός ἐφανερώθη (God manifested) (Sinaiticus$^e$, A$^2$, C$^2$, D$^c$, K, L, P, Ψ, 81, 104, 181, 326, 330, 451, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect), against ὃς ἐφανερώθη (he was manifested) supported by Sinaiticus, Codex Alexandrinus, Ephraemi, Boernerianus, 33, 365, 442, 2127, ℓ 599.
In 2 Timothy 4:10 it reads Γαλλιαν, along with Sinaiticus C 81 104 326; other manuscript read Γαλατιαν.
In Hebrews 8:11 it reads πλησιον for πολιτην — P, 81, 104, 629, 630, and 1985.

## History

The manuscript was used by Caryophilus. It was examined by Birch and Scholz. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
The manuscript was added to the list of the New Testament manuscripts by Scholz (1794-1852).
Formerly it was labelled by 73$^a$ and 80$^p$. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 436 to it.
The codex is cited in critical editions of the Greek New Testament (NA26).
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library (Vat. gr. 367) in Rome.
# Billy Milton

Billy Milton (8 December 1905 – 22 November 1989) was a British stage, film and television actor. Born in Paddington, Middlesex, (now in London), as William Thomas Milton, he was the son of Harry Harman Milton (1880–1942), a commission agent, and his wife Hilda Eugenie Milton, née Jackson, (1878–1935).

## Partial filmography

* The Flag Lieutenant (1927) − (uncredited)
* Young Woodley (1931) − Vining
* The Man from Chicago (1931) − Barry Larwood
* The Great Gay Road (1931) − Rodney
* The Dressmaker of Luneville (1932)
* Three Men in a Boat (1933) − Jimmy
* Aunt Sally (1933) − Billy
* Music Hath Charms (1935) − Jack Lawton
* King of the Castle (1936) − Monty King
* Once in a Million (1936) − Prince
* Someone at the Door (1936) − Ronnie Martin
* A Star Fell from Heaven (1936) − Douglas Lincoln
* No Escape (1936) − Billy West
* Aren't Men Beasts! (1937) − Roger Holly
* The Dominant Sex (1937) − Alec Winstone
* Spring Handicap (1937) − Len Redpath
* Saturday Night Revue (1937) − Jimmy Hanson
* The Last Chance (1937) − Michael Worrall
* Oh Boy! (1938) − Conductor
* Yes, Madam? (1939) − Tony Tolliver
* The Key Man (1957) − French Waiter
* Playback (1962) − Second Drunk
* The Small World of Sammy Lee (1963) − Store Manager
* Heavens Above! (1963) − Fellowes (uncredited)
* The Set Up (1963) − Simpson
* Who Was Maddox? (1964) − Chandler
* Devils of Darkness (1965) − Librarian
* Monster of Terror (1965) − Henry
* Licensed to Kill (1965) − Wilson
* Mrs. Brown, You've Got a Lovely Daughter (1968) − Landlord
* Hot Millions (1968) − Agent (uncredited)
* Sweet William (1980) − Old Actor in play
# Iridomyrmex cupreus

Iridomyrmex cupreus is a species of ant in the genus Iridomyrmex. Described in 2011, specimens have only been collected in Lake Eyre in South Australia.
# HMS Topaze (1858)

HMS Topaze was a 51-gun Liffey-class wooden screw frigate of the Royal Navy. She was launched on 12 May 1858, at Devonport Dockyard, Plymouth.
Her crew assisted in the building of the Race Rocks Lighthouse in British Columbia, Canada, and laid a bronze tablet in 1868 at the Juan Fernández Islands commemorating the stay of marooned sailor Alexander Selkirk. On the same voyage, the band from HMS Topaze played for the dedication of Congregation Emanu-El, now the oldest surviving synagogue building in Canada.
The voyage to Easter Island in 1868 saw the crew remove the two moai Hoa Hakananai'a and Moai Hava and ship them to Britain. Hoa Hakananai'a was found in November 1868 by officers and crew from the Topaze. When first seen, it was buried up to about half its height or even more. It was dug out, dragged down on a sledge, and rafted out to the ship. Commodore Richard Ashmore Powell, captain of the Topaze, wrote to the British Admiralty offering the statues as a gift. Topaze arrived in Plymouth, England, on 16 August 1869. The Admiralty offered the moai to Queen Victoria, who proposed that they should be given to the British Museum.
The ship is notable for an incident when Agnes Weston came on board to plead the cause of Temperance; as she recalled in her memoir:
   The Captain of H.M.S. Topaze invited me on board, and the men were mustered on the main deck; they listened very attentively. When I had finished speaking I asked the Captain, "Whether any men that wished it might join the Royal Naval Temperance Society?" He gave a cordial assent, and my eyes roved round to see on what place I could put the pledge-book. I saw what I thought to be a bread tub standing not far off. "Could I have that bread tub?" I asked; "it would make a nice little table turned over." I saw the Captain smile and tug at his moustache, and the men seemed on the brink of bursting into laughter. "Yes," he answered, "anything that we have is at your command. Here, men, a couple of hands roll over that grog-tub."
Topaze was sold on 14 February 1884 and broken up at Charlton.
# Tomás Hogan

Tomas Hogan is mayor of Miramar, Buenos Aires Province. Prior to becoming mayor, Hogan was a municipal intendant.
Born in 1950, Hogan became mayor of Miramar in 1999 after a landslide election victory. In 2010, he was selected to replace Silvia Caballero in the Farm Ministry commission.
# Lindholmen, Vallentuna

Lindholmen is a locality situated in Vallentuna Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden with 860 inhabitants in 2010.
# Bauan Church

Immaculate Conception Parish Church, commonly known as Bauan Church, is a Neo-classical church located in Bauan, Batangas, in the Philippines. It is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Lipa. The church is the third and final relocation site of Bauan after its transfer from the shores of Bombon Lake (Taal Lake), to Durugto, to Lonal, and finally to its present site near the shores of Batangas Bay. The church is also one of the parishes administered by Fr. Manuel Blanco, who perfected the art of dyeing by means of plants in Bauan.

## History
### Earlier churches

The Augustinian Chapter founded Bauan as a visita of Taal, on May 17, 1590. Fr. Diego de Avila, was appointed as the priest in charge of Bauan. On May 12, 1596, Fr. Idelfonso Bernal was appointed prior. In 1660, the town was annexed to Taal because of its insufficient number of "tributos". From its original site in the shores of Bombon river, Fr. Jose Rodriguez relocated the town to a place called Durugto in 1662. Later, Fr. Nicolas Rivera again relocated the town to a place known as Lonal. Fr. Rivera built a church, convent, schools, and a fort, all of strong materials. Finally on 1692, Fr. Simon Martinez, relocated the town in its present site.

### Present church

After the third relocation, Fr. Nicolas Rivera, built a church and convent of strong materials. Both church and convent were damaged by the typhoon of 1694. Fr. Ignacio Mercado, rebuilt them in 1695–97, but again were destroyed. Fr. Blas Vidal started the construction of masonry church in 1700 and was finished in 1710. Fr. Jose Victoria built the present church in 1762, under the direction of Don Juan Bandino. Fr. Hipolito Huerta finished the facade and continued the construction of the transept in 1856. Fr. Felipe Bravo completed it in 1861. Fr. Moises Santos and Felipe Garcia applied the final decorations inside and outside in 1881 and 1894, respectively.
Fr. Jose Treviño built the convent in 1762 and the massive tower attached to the church in 1772. Fr. Alberto Tabores installed a huge bell in 1788. Fr. Manuel del Arco built the stone fence of the atrium in 1848, decorated it with artistic columns and an iron reja. He also built a new convent to replace the one built by Fr. Jose Treviño. Both tower and choir loft were destroyed in 1870 and were repaired in 1874 and a new clock was installed.

### Devotion to the Holy Cross of Bauan

The church houses the Holy Cross of Bauan, the patron saint of the town. Found in 1595 by local natives in a place called Dingin, near Alitagtag, it was installed in Bauan's church. Made of anubing (Artocarpus cumingiana) wood, it is 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) high with a 1 metre (3.3 ft) crosspiece. A golden sun, with radiating rays and embossed with a human face, was added at the point where the cross's arms intersect.
# Berthelot's reagent

Berthelot's reagent is an alkaline solution of phenol and hypochlorite, used in analytical chemistry. It is named after its inventor, Marcellin Berthelot. Ammonia reacts with Berthelot's reagent to form a blue product which is used in a colorimetric method for determining ammonia. The reagent can also be used for determining urea. In this case the enzyme urease is used to catalyze the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ammonia is then determined with Berthelot's reagent.

## Variations

Phenol in the Berthelot reagent can be replaced by a variety of phenolic reagents, the most common being sodium salicylate, which is significantly less toxic. This has been used for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) determinations and commonly is used to determine water and soil total and ammonia-N. Replacement of phenol by 2-phenylphenol reduces interferences by a variety of soil and water constituents and improves color stability at slightly lower pH.

## Uses

Berthelot's reagent has been used in a range of situations. It is often used in colorimetric methods, through an AutoAnalyzer, spectrophotometer, or multiwell plate spectrophotometer. The reagent lacks sensitivity in situations where there may be amines as well as ammonia, however this can be overcome in part by the use of 2-phenylphenol to replace phenol. An ion selective electrode, or distillation/titration method can often be used in cases where Berthelot chemistry is ineffective.
Berthelot chemistry has also been adapted for the analysis of nitrite and nitrate in soil and water after conversion, typically by reduction with Devarda's alloy, of these species to ammonium.
# Iridomyrmex difficilis

Iridomyrmex difficilis is a species of ant in the genus Iridomyrmex. Described in 2011, it is a widespread species in Australia as well as inhabiting the Torres Strait and off shorelines of Queensland.

## Distribution

The species is widespread in Australia and lives on shorelines and on islands, notably the Torres Strait, and can occupy a number of habitats, such as rainforests, grasslands, sclerophyll forests, acacia woodland and they nest in soil and under rocks, and they have also been found tending to the Caterpillar Jalmenus evagoras.

## Etymology

In Latin, the species name translates to 'troublesome' or 'difficult'.
# Bắc Lũng

Bắc Lũng is a commune (xã) and village in Lục Nam District, Bắc Giang Province, in northeastern Vietnam.
# Greg Shanahan

Paul Gregory Shanahan (born December 11, 1947) is a former pitcher in Major League Baseball. He pitched in 11 games for the Los Angeles Dodgers during the 1973 and 1974 seasons. Shanahan never did pick up a victory in the major leagues but on the final day of the 1973 season, he did pick up his one and only MLB save. It came against the Padres and Shanahan pitched 4 very effective innings, allowing only 1 run on 2 hits and nailing down a 3-2 victory. He saved the game for starting pitcher Geoff Zahn and helped the Dodgers win their 95th game of the season.
# Midnight Well

Midnight Well are a foursome consisting of Thom Moore, Janie Cribbs, Gerry O'Beirne and Mairtín Ó Connor. They were formed in the mid-seventies and issued one, self-titled, album in 1977. Prior to the Sligo Live Festival appearance in October 2008 they had not performed together for 27 years.
According to the festival program -
   Janie Cribbs is still performing as a singer and songwriter in the US; Gerry O'Beirne (Patrick Street, Sharon Shannon, Waterboys, etc.) has had lots of success as a guitarist, singer, producer and songwriter; and of course Mairtín Ó Connor (Boys of the Lough, Skylark, De Dannan) is one of our most famous accordionists.
Thom Moore was an American-born singer-songwriter with strong Irish connections. Among the songs he composed were "Saw You Running", "Still Believing", "Cavan Girl", "The Scholar" (aka "Train to Sligo") and "Carolina Rua". His songs have been recorded by Mary Black, The Dubliners, Rita Connolly, Danny Doyle, Barleycorn, Paddy Reilly, Mary Coughlan, Clannad and Maura O'Connell among others.
Thom Moore died in March 2018, at age 74.

## Podcasts

You can hear an Interview with Thom Moore and exclusive recordings of "Cavan Girl", The Scholar", "Carolina Rua" and "Bright Spots" at http://www.podcasts.ie/featured-musicians/thom-moore/
# Lilly Marcou

Lilly Marcou (born 1936) is a French historian of Romanian origin specialising in the history of communism.

## Career

Lilly Marcou graduated in literature from the University of Bucharest. In 1986, she obtained a doctorate in history from the Paris-Sorbonne University.
She pursued her career at the Center for International Studies and Research (CERI) at Paris Institute of Political Studies. From 1975 to 1981, she led a research group on the international communist movement. From 1982 to 1988, she taught at the Sciences Po.
From 1993, she devoted her research to the study of Soviet archives from the Stalin era in Moscow.
In April 2007, she was named Knight of the Legion of Honor.

## Works

* Le Kominform. Le communisme de guerre froide, Paris, Presses de Sciences-Po, 1977.
* L'Internationale après Staline, Paris, Grasset, 1979.
* Staline vu par les hôtes du Kremlin, Paris, Gallimard, 1979.
* Une Enfance stalinienne, Paris, PUF, 1982, 190 p.
* L'URSS vue de gauche (dir.), Paris, PUF, 1984, 200 p
* Les Pieds d'argile, le communisme mondial au présent, 1970-1986, Paris, Ramsay, 1986, 492 p.
* La Guerre froide, l'engrenage, Bruxelles, Éditions Complexe, 1987, 275 p.
* Les Défis de Gorbatchev, Paris, Plon, 1988, 275 p.
* Le Mouvement communiste international depuis 1945, Paris, PUF, 1990, 128 p.
* Ilya Ehrenburg, un homme dans son siècle, Paris, Plon, 1992, 379 p.
* Elsa Triolet, les yeux et la mémoire, Paris, Plon, 1994, 419 p.
* Staline. Vie privée, Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 1996, 343 p.
* Le Crépuscule du communisme, Paris, Presses de Sciences Po, 1997, 125 p.
* Des Partis comme les autres ? Les anciens communistes en Europe de l’Est, avec Guy Hermet, Bruxelles, Éditions Complexe, 1998, 165 p.
* Le Roi trahi, Carol II de Roumanie, Paris, Pygmalion, 2002, 345 p.
* Les Héritiers, Pygmalion, 2004.
* Napoléon face aux Juifs, Paris, Pygmalion, 2006, 180 p.
* Napoléon et les femmes, Paris, La Martinière, 2008, 239 p.
# Battle of the Donets

Battle of the Donets may refer to:
* Battle of the Siverskyi Donets, 2022
* Battle of the Donets or the Third Battle of Kharkov, 1943
# Mnarolitia paulianellum

Mnarolitia paulianellum is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Viette in 1954. It is found in Madagascar.
# Moltonville, North Carolina

Moltonville (also Moultonville) is an unincorporated community in Sampson County, North Carolina, United States.
# Jakab Schenk

Jakab Vönöczky Schenk (June 2, 1876 – February 22, 1945) was a Hungarian ornithologist who helped establish a systematic bird ringing project in the region from 1908. He translated Hungarian articles into German and edited the journal Aquila from 1905.

## Life and work

Schenk was born in Óverbász where his father was a master mason. As a young boy he enjoyed visiting the reed-beds to observe birds. He studied at Szarvas and then at the University of Cluj and graduated in Budapest in 1899. He was interested in mathematics and trained as a mathematics teacher, he was encouraged to take up ornithology by Otto Herman. He first joined military service with the Austro-Hungarian 14th infantry posted in Niederdorf, Tyrol. After demobilization in 1901 he joined back Herman as a secretary and helped edit the journal Aquila and also by translating content into German. In 1908 he began bird ringing exercises on white storks in Hungary, making it the third country after Denmark and Germany to conduct systematic ringing. He also became secretary at the ornithology centre and in 1927 became its director with Titusz Csörgey as assistant. He conducted surveys on the populations of white storks from 1909 to 1915. A white stork that he ringed was shot in Natal and the recovery became a major news event in 1909. He was involved in the conservation of egrets breeding in Kis Balaton. A major publication in 1928 was a map of bird migration in Hungary, a poster of which became famous and was exhibited in every Hungarian school. After retirement he moved during World War II to live with his son in Kőszeg where he died from a heart attack.
# Chelaeothrips

Chelaeothrips is a genus of thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae.

## Species

* Chelaeothrips annamensis
* Chelaeothrips exunguis