# Timeline of Siena

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Siena, Tuscany, Italy.

## Prior to 15th century

Part of a series on the :
History of Italy :
Early
Prehistoric Italy
Nuragic civilization (18th–3rd c. BC)
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Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
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Monarchy (1861–1946)
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Italy in World War I (1914–1918)
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* 1st C. CE – Saena Julia founded by Romans.
* 1205 – Palazzo Tolomei built (approximate date).
* 1233 - "The people again rose against the nobles in the hope of ousting them entirely from office."
* 1240 – University of Siena established.
* 1248 - Plague.
* 1255
** Gran Tavola bank founded.
** Basilica of San Francesco built.
* 1260 – Battle of Montaperti.
* 1263 – Siena Cathedral built.
* 1265 – Basilica of San Domenico built.
* 1287 – Noveschi in power.
* 1308 – Palazzo Pubblico built.
* 1328 – Famine.
* 1348
** Black Death plague.
** Torre del Mangia built.
* 1349 - Piazza del Campo paved in fishbone-patterned red brick.
* 1355 - Arrival of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor in Siena
* 1360 – Public clock installed.

## 15th century

* 1419 - Fonte Gaia built.
* 1423 - Council of Siena begins.
* 1438 - Loggia della Mercanzia built (approximate date).
* 1459 – Palazzo Marsili rebuilt.
* 1462 – Loggia del Papa erected.
* 1463 – Palazzo Piccolomini-delle Papesse built.
* 1472
** Monte dei Paschi di Siena founded.
** Palazzo Spannocchi built (approximate date).
* 1478 - The Pazzi conspiracy led to war a war lasting to 1480.
* 1482 & 1483 - Riots.
* 1484 – Printing press in operation.
* 1490 – Basilica dell'Osservanza built (approximate date).
* 1495
** Palazzo delle Papesse completed (approximate date).
** Piccolomini Library built (approximate date).

## 16th–18th centuries

* 1504 – Santo Spirito renovated.
* 1506 – Palazzo Chigi-Saracini renovated.
* 1508 – Palazzo del Magnifico built.
* 1520 – Palazzo Bichi built (approximate date).
* 1527 – Accademia degli Intronati founded (approximate date).
* 1533 – Santa Maria dei Servi consecrated.
* 1554 – Battle of Marciano.
* 1555 – Republic of Siena surrenders to Spain; Siena ceded to Duchy of Florence.
* 1604 – Porta Camollia rebuilt.
* 1613 – San Martino renovated.
* 1656 – Palio di Siena horse race begins.
* 1691 – Accademia dei Fisiocritici founded.
* 1729 – Consolidation of districts; elimination of contrade Gallo, Leone, Orso, Quercia, Spadaforte, and Vipera.

## 19th century

* 1816
** Fine Arts Institution founded.
** The natural history museum of the Royal Academy of the Physiocritics founded.
* 1848 – Palazzo Buonsignori restored.
* 1854 – Palazzo del Capitano restored.
* 1856 – Orto Botanico dell'Università di Siena laid out.
* 1858 – Municipal Archivio instituted.
* 1865 – Empoli-Siena railway begins operating.
* 1866 – Cemetery della Misericordia established.
* 1871 – Mens Sana in Corpore Sano 1871 formed.
* 1897 – Population: 30,468.

## 20th century

* 1901 – Population: 25,539.
* 1904 – Società Studio e Divertimento formed.
* 1911 – Population: 41,673.
* 1923 – Stadio Artemio Franchi – Montepaschi Arena opens.
* 1932
** Accademia Musicale Chigiana founded.
** Pinacoteca Nazionale inaugurated.
* 1935 – Siena railway station opens.
* 1944 – Bombing by Allies.
* 1959 – Biblioteca Comunale degli Intronati (library) active.
* 1976 – Palasport Mens Sana arena opens.
* 1995 – Santa Maria della Scala museum opens.

## 21st century

* 2003
** Fondazione Musei Senesi established.
** Siena–Ampugnano Airport renovated.