# Timeline of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

* This article is part of a series aboutMustafa Kemal Atatürk
Timeline
Personal life
Cult of personality
Atatürk International Peace Prize
Atatürk Centennial
Military career
Attempted assassination
Death and state funeral
Mausoleum
Reforms
Abolition of the sultanate
Abolition of the caliphate
Republicanism
Secularism
Educational reform
Turkish language reform
Women's rights
Westernization
Industrialization
Nation-building
Turkification
Citizen, speak Turkish!
Sun Language Theory
Turkish History Thesis
Surname Law
State Art and Sculpture Museum
Kemalism
"Peace at Home, Peace in the World"
Republican People's Party
Historiography
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Timeline of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is a timeline of events during the lifespan of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The timeline also includes the background events starting with the Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
Legend :
| Military career | Leadership during Independence | Presidency | Personal life |
| 1876 | 1 September | Accession of Abdul Hamid II. |
| 1876 | 23 December | Promulgation of Ottoman constitution Ottoman constitution of 1876 (Kanûn-ı Esâsî). |
| 1877 | 19 March | Opening of first Ottoman parliament. |
| 1877 | 24 April | Russian troops enter Ottoman territory. |
| 1878 | 14 February | Ottoman parliament dissolved. |
| 1878 | 3 March | Russian victory confirmed by Treaty of San Stefano (Ayastefanos). |
| 1878 | 13 July | Treaty of Berlin replaces Treaty of San Stefano. |
| 1881 | | Mustafa (Kemal Atatürk) born in Salonica (Selanik, now Thessaloniki, Greece). |
| 1881 | 24 May | New border with Greece. Thessaly ceded to Greece. |
| 1888 | | Ali Rıza, Mustafa's father, dies. |
| 1893 | | Mustafa enters military preparatory school in Salonica. |
| 1897 | | Greco-Ottoman War. |
| 1899 | 13 March | Mustafa Kemal enters infantry class of War College in Constantinople (now known in English as Istanbul). |
| 1902 | 10 February | Commissioned Second Lieutenant, and enters Staff College. |
| 1903 | | Promoted First Lieutenant. |
| 1905 | 11 January | Passes out as Staff Captain and is posted for Fifth Army in Syria; revives a secret opposition group in Damascus. |
| 1906 | | Makes clandestine trip to Salonica. |
| 1907 | 20 June | Promoted Adjutant-Major. |
| 1907 | 13 October | Posted to Third Army headquarters in Salonica. |
| 1908 | 22 June | Appointed to Inspectorate of Eastern Railways in Rumelia. |
| 1908 | 24 July | Young Turk Revolution. |
| 1908 | September | Mustafa Kemal travels to Tripoli and Benghazi to re-establish CUP. |
| 1909 | 13 January | Appointed chief of staff of 7th reserve division in Salonica. |
| 1909 | 13 April | Travels with his division to the outskirts of Constantinople; 31 March Incident. |
| 1909 | 27 April | Abdul Hamid II deposed and succeeded by Mehmet V; 31 March Incident. |
| 1910 | September | Visits French army manoeuvres in Picardy. |
| 1911 | 15 January | Appointed to 5th army corps headquarters. |
| 1911 | January | Commander 38th infantry regiment. |
| 1911 | 13 September | Posted to general staff in Constantinople. |
| 1911 | September | Volunteers for service against the Italians in Cyrenaica. |
| 1911 | 27 November | Promoted Major. |
| 1912 | 11 March | Appointed commander of Derne sector in Cyrenaica; Italo-Turkish War. |
| 1912 | 8 October | First Balkan War. |
| 1912 | 8 October | Salonica falls to the Greeks. |
| 1912 | 24 October | Mustafa Kemal leaves Cyrenaica and returns to Constantinople. |
| 1912 | 25 November | Appointed director of operations of Straits Composite Force. |
| 1913 | 23 January | CUP seizes power (1913 Ottoman coup d'état). |
| 1913 | 24 March | Adrianople (Edirne) falls to the Bulgarians. |
| 1913 | 29 June | Second Balkan War. |
| 1913 | 21 July | Ottomans reoccupy Edirne. |
| 1913 | 29 September | Treaty of Constantinople fixes Turkish-Bulgarian frontier. |
| 1913 | 27 October | Mustafa Kemal appointed military attaché in Sofia. |
| 1914 | 1 March | Mustafa Kemal promoted Lieutenant-Colonel. |
| 1914 | 28 July | Austria declares war on Serbia; beginning of First World War. |
| 1914 | 2 August | Ottoman Empire signs Ottoman–German alliance. |
| 1914 | 29 October | After Pursuit of Goeben and Breslau Ottoman navy under German command shells Russian targets. |
| 1914 | 2 November | Russia declares war on Ottoman Empire. |
| 1914 | 5 November | Britain declares war on Ottoman Empire. |
| 1914 | 5 November | France declares war on Ottoman Empire. |
| 1915 | 20 January | Mustafa Kemal leaves Sofia to take up appointment as commander of 19th division for service in Battle of Gallipoli. |
| 1915 | 21 March | Allied navy fails to force the straits at Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign. |
| 1915 | 27 April | Allied troops Landing at Anzac Cove faced with Kemal. |
| 1915 | 6 August | Final attempts made by the British at Battle of Sari Bair faced with Kemal. |
| 1919 | 30 April | Appointed the Inspector of the Ninth Army Troops. |
| 1919 | 19 May | Kemal lands in Samsun. |
| 1919 | 8 July | Mustafa Kemal resigns from the post of Inspector of Third Army and from the army. |
| 1919 | 23 July | Kemal elected Chairman of Erzurum Congress. |
| 1920 | 23 April | Kemal opens the Grand National Assembly (BMM) in Angora (now Ankara). |
| 1920 | 11 May | Kemal is condemned to death by the government in Constantinople. |
| 1921 | 5 August | Appointed Commander - in - Chief by the Grand National Assembly. |
| 1921 | 23 August | The battle of Sakarya begins with Turkish troops led by Mustafa Kemal. |
| 1921 | 19 September | Kemal receives the rank of Marshal and the title Gazi (veteran, victorious warrior). |
| 1922 | 26 August | Gazi Mustafa Kemal begins to lead Great Offensive from the hill of Kocatepe. |
| 1922 | 30 August | Mustafa Kemal at the Battle of Dumlupınar. |
| 1922 | 10 September | Enters Izmir. |
| 1922 | 1 November | The Grand National Assembly abolish the Sultanate. |
| 1923 | 14 January | Zübeyde Hanım dies in Smyrna (now Izmir). |
| 1923 | 29 January | Mustafa Kemal and Latife Uşşakizade marry in Izmir. |
| 1923 | 29 October | Proclamation of the Republic of Turkey. |
| 1923 | 29 October | Elected first president. |
| 1928 | 9 August | Speaks at Sarayburnu about the new Turkish alphabet. |
| 1932 | 12 July | Founds the Turkish Linguistic Society (now the Turkish Language Association). |
| 1934 | 16 June | The Grand National Assembly of Turkey passes a law granting him the surname "ATATÜRK". |
| 1938 | 10 November | He dies. |