# Phylicia Rashad

Phylicia Rashad (/fɪˈliːʃə rəˈʃɑːd/ fih-LEE-shə rə-SHAHD) (née Ayers-Allen; born June 19, 1948) is an American actress. She was most recently dean of the College of Fine Arts at Howard University before her three-year contract ended in May 2024. She is best known for her role as Clair Huxtable on the sitcom The Cosby Show (1984–1992) which earned her two Primetime Emmy Award nominations in 1985 and 1986. She also played Ruth Lucas on Cosby (1996–2000).
In 2004, Rashad became the first black actress to win the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play, which she won for her role in the revival of A Raisin in the Sun. In 2022, Rashad won her second Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for her performance in Dominique Morisseau's Skeleton Crew. Her other Broadway credits include Into the Woods (1988), Jelly's Last Jam (1993), Gem of the Ocean (2004), and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (2008). Rashad won an NAACP Image Award when she reprised her A Raisin in the Sun role in the 2008 television adaptation.
She has appeared in the films For Colored Girls (2010), Good Deeds (2012), Creed (2015), Creed II (2018), Creed III (2023), and The Beekeeper (2024). She also voiced Brenda Glover on the Nick Jr. animated children's educational television series Little Bill (1999–2004). In the 21st century, she has directed revivals of three plays by August Wilson, in major theaters in Seattle, Princeton, New Jersey; and Los Angeles.

## Early life and education

Phylicia Ayers-Allen was born on June 19, 1948, in Houston, Texas. Her mother, Vivian Ayers, is a Pulitzer Prize-nominated artist, poet, playwright, scholar, and publisher. Her father, Andrew Arthur Allen, was an orthodontist. Her siblings are brother Tex (Andrew Arthur Allen Jr.), a jazz-musician; sister Debbie Allen, an actress, choreographer, and director; and brother Hugh Allen, now a real estate banker in Charlotte, North Carolina. Their parents divorced when Phylicia was six. Seven years later, her mother moved with the two sisters to Mexico City, Mexico, to avoid segregation in the United States. Ayers-Allen later studied at Howard University, graduating magna cum laude in 1970 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree. While there, she was initiated into the Alpha chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.

## Career
### 1971–1983: Early work and Broadway debut

Ayers-Allen first became known for her roles on stage, making her Broadway debut in the Melvin Van Peebles musical Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death (1971). Throughout the decade she returned to Broadway in a string of productions playing Deena Jones in Dreamgirls (she also was Sheryl Lee Ralph's understudy until leaving the show in 1982, after being passed over as Ralph's full-time replacement). She played a Munchkin in The Wiz for three and a half years. In 1978, she released the album Josephine Superstar, a disco concept album telling the life story of Josephine Baker. The album was mainly written and produced by Jacques Morali and Victor Willis, Rashad's second husband and the original lead singer and lyricist of the Village People. She met Willis while they were both cast in The Wiz.

### 1982–2003: The Cosby Show and other roles

Other Broadway credits include August: Osage County, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Gem of the Ocean, Raisin in the Sun (2004 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play/Drama Desk Award), Blue, Jelly's Last Jam, Into the Woods, and Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death. Off-Broadway credits include Lincoln Center's productions of Cymbeline and Bernarda Alba; Helen, The Story and Everybody's Ruby at the Public Theater; The Negro Ensemble Company productions of Puppet Play, Zooman and the Sign, Sons and Fathers of Sons, In an Upstate Motel, Weep Not For Me, and The Great Mac Daddy; Lincoln Center's production of Ed Bullins' The Duplex; and The Sirens at the Manhattan Theatre Club. In regional theatre, she performed as Euripides' Medea and in Blues for an Alabama Sky at the Alliance Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia. Other regional theatres at which she has performed are the Arena Stage in Washington, D.C., and the Huntington Theatre in Boston.
Rashad joined the cast of the ABC soap opera One Life to Live to play publicist Courtney Wright in 1983. She is best known for the role of attorney Clair Huxtable on the NBC sitcom The Cosby Show. The show, which ran from 1984 to 1992, starred Bill Cosby as obstetrician Heathcliff "Cliff" Huxtable, and focused on their life with their five children. For her role, she earned two Primetime Emmy Award nominations in 1985 and 1986. In 1985, Rashad co-hosted the NBC telecast of the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade with Pat Sajak and Bert Convy. When Cosby returned to TV comedy in 1996 with CBS's Cosby, he called Rashad to play Ruth Lucas, his character's wife. The pilot episode had been shot with Telma Hopkins, but Cosby fired the executive producer and replaced Hopkins with Rashad. The sitcom ran from 1996 to 2000. That year, Cosby also asked Rashad to work on his animated television series Little Bill, in which the actress voiced Bill's mother, Brenda, until the show's end in 2004.
In 1993, Rashad was the first narrator at Disney's Candlelight Processional when the event was moved to Epcot. Her narration of the nativity story was recorded and released by Walt Disney Records. She also played a role in the pre-show of the Dinosaur ride at Walt Disney World's Animal Kingdom theme park as Dr. Helen Marsh, the head of the Dino Institute.

### 2004–2018: Theatre roles and acclaim

In the early 21st century, Rashad was the first black actress of any nationality to win the Best Actress (Play) Tony Award, for her 2004 performance as Lena Younger in a revival of the play A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry. Rashad also won the 2004 Drama Desk Award for Best Actress in a Play for A Raisin in the Sun, tying (split award that year) with Viola Davis for the play Intimate Apparel. Rashad was nominated again for a Tony the following year, for her performance in Gem of the Ocean. In 2007, Rashad made her directorial debut with the Seattle Repertory Theatre's production of August Wilson's Gem of the Ocean. In 2008, Rashad starred on Broadway as Big Mama in an all African-American production of Tennessee Williams's Pulitzer Prize-winning drama Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, directed by her sister Debbie Allen. She appeared alongside stage veterans James Earl Jones (Big Daddy) and Anika Noni Rose (Maggie), as well as film actor Terrence Howard, who made his Broadway debut as Brick.
Rashad played "Kill Moves"' wealthy mother on the Chris Rock created sitcom Everybody Hates Chris on December 9, 2007. In 2007 she appeared as Winnie Guster in the Psych episode "Gus's Dad May Have Killed an Old Guy". She returned to the role in 2008, in the episode "Christmas Joy". In February 2008, Rashad portrayed Lena Younger in the television film adaptation of A Raisin in the Sun, directed by Kenny Leon. It starred core members of the cast of the 2004 Broadway revival at the Royale Theatre of Lorraine Hansberry's 1959 play, including Audra McDonald as Ruth Younger, and Sean Combs as Walter Lee Younger. The television film adaption debuted at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival and was broadcast by ABC on February 25, 2008. According to Nielsen Media Research, the program was watched by 12.7 million viewers and ranked No. 9 in the ratings for the week ending March 2, 2008.
In 2009, she appeared as Violet Weston, the drug-addicted matriarch of Tracy Letts's award-winning play August: Osage County, at the Music Box Theatre. Rashad returned to directing August Wilson's work in early 2014, when she led a revival of Wilson's Fences, at the McCarter Theatre in Princeton, New Jersey. It received generally positive reviews. She continued to focus on Wilson's work, including a well-received production of Ma Rainey's Black Bottom, which she directed at the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles in late 2016. From March 17 to May 1, 2016, Rashad played the lead role of Shelah in Tarell Alvin McCraney's play Head of Passes at The Public Theater. Her performance was positively reviewed. In November 2010, Rashad featured as Gilda in the ensemble cast in the Tyler Perry film For Colored Girls, based on the play For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf by Ntozake Shange. Rashad said about this work in an interview with Vibe Movies & TV in 2010: "I saw the original Broadway play. I thought it was amazing how such a story that wasn't pretty was poetry. Usually poetry is about lofty things and this was the poetry of speech and the movement of everyday people. I found a little bit of it off-putting to tell you the truth, because it was so angry when I saw it. And I think Tyler Perry has added an element here that wasn't in the original stage production, and that is the necessity for taking responsibility for one's own self otherwise you are just living to die. That is where he wrote the line [in the film], 'You gotta take some responsibility in this. Otherwise you are just living to die.'"
In 2012, she starred in another Tyler Perry film, Good Deeds. Also in 2012, Rashad played Clairee Belcher in the remake of Steel Magnolias (the role originated by Olympia Dukakis). This version has an all African American A-list cast, including Queen Latifah as M'Lynn, Jill Scott as Truvy, Condola Rashād as Shelby, Adepero Oduye as Annelle, and Alfre Woodard as Ouiser. In 2015, she played Mary Anne Creed in the sports film Creed (2015), and again in the sequels Creed II (2018) and Creed III (2023). In 2016, Rashad was cast as a recurring guest star in the role of Diana DuBois in the third season of the Lee Daniels-produced Empire television series on Fox. In 2017, Rashad portrayed Bishop Yvette A. Flunder, pastor of The City of Refuge Church in San Francisco, Calif., as part of the Dustin Lance Black mini-series When We Rise. Her appearance in the show highlighted the reputed compassion of the church, the commitment of its leadership, and the loving home the church provides to minister in the tough, primarily African-American community in San Francisco.

### 2019–present

From 2019 to 2021 she portrayed Carol Clarke in the NBC drama series This is Us earning three Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series nominations. In 2020, Rashad provided the voice of Libba Gardner, Joe Gardner's mother, in the Pixar animated film Soul which earned the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. That same year she had a supporting role in the family Christmas film Jingle Jangle: A Christmas Journey starring Forest Whitaker and Keegan-Michael Key. The following year she had a cameo role in the Lin-Manuel Miranda directed musical drama Tick, Tick...Boom! (2021). She had recurring roles on the Netflix drama series 13 Reasons Why (2020) and the CBS / Paramount+ legal series The Good Fight (2022). She returned to Broadway in the Dominique Morisseau play Skeleton Crew (2022) for which she earned a Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play. In 2024, she appeared in the action film The Beekeeper.

## Academia and legacy

She was dubbed "The Mother of the Black Community" at the 2010 NAACP Image Awards. In May 2021, Rashad was appointed as dean of Howard University's Chadwick A. Boseman College of Fine Arts. In August 2023, Howard University announced Rashad was going to step down from the position of dean at the end of the 2023–24 academic year.
Rashad also received an Honorary Doctorate from Carnegie Mellon University.

## Personal life

Rashad is a vegetarian.

### Marriages and family

Rashad's first marriage, in 1972, was to dentist William Lancelot Bowles Jr. They had one son, William Lancelot Bowles III, who was born the following year. The marriage ended in 1975. Rashad married Victor Willis (original lead singer of the Village People) in 1978; they had met during the run of The Wiz. They divorced in 1982.
She married a third time, to Ahmad Rashad on December 14, 1985. He was a former NFL wide receiver and sportscaster. It was a third marriage for each of them, and she took his last name. He proposed to her during a pregame show for a nationally televised Thanksgiving Day football game between the New York Jets and the Detroit Lions on November 28, 1985. Their daughter, Condola Phylea Rashād, was born on December 11, 1986, in New York. The couple divorced in early 2001, and she has retained the surname Rashad.

### Friendship with Bill Cosby

Rashad was friendly with co-star Bill Cosby, who gave her away at her 1985 wedding to Ahmad Rashad. In June 2021, when Cosby's 2018 conviction for sexual assault was overturned on a technicality, Rashad tweeted "FINALLY!!!! A terrible wrong is being righted- a miscarriage of justice is corrected!" This was widely criticized, and characterized as rape apologism. Some called for Howard University to revoke her appointment, and it stated that "Personal positions of University leadership do not reflect Howard University's policies." Rashad later apologized in an email to Howard University students and their parents.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1972 | The Broad Coalition | - | Credited as Phylicia Ayers-Allen |
| 1983 | The Wiz | MunchkinField/Mouse | Video |
| 1995 | Once Upon a Time...When We Were Colored | Ma Ponk | |
| 1999 | Loving Jezebel | Alice Melville | |
| 2000 | The Visit | Dr. Coles | |
| 2001 | Little Bill: Big Little Bill | Brenda Glover (voice) | Video |
| 2010 | Just Wright | Ella McKnight | |
| 2010 | Frankie & Alice | Edna | |
| 2010 | For Colored Girls | Gilda | |
| 2012 | Good Deeds | Wililemma | |
| 2013 | Gods Behaving Badly | Demeter | |
| 2015 | Emily & Tim | Emily Hanratty | |
| 2015 | Creed | Mary Anne Creed | |
| 2018 | Creed II | Mary Anne Creed | |
| 2020 | A Fall from Grace | Sarah Miller/Betty Mills | |
| 2020 | Black Box | Dr. Lilian Brooks | |
| 2020 | Soul | Libba Gardner (voice) | |
| 2020 | Jingle Jangle: A Christmas Journey | Grandmother Journey Jangle | |
| 2021 | The Disaster Dreams | Brianna's Mom (voice) | Short |
| 2021 | Tick, Tick... Boom! | 'Sunday' Legend #12 | |
| 2023 | Creed III | Mary Anne Creed | Final appearance in Creed franchise |
| 2023 | Our Son | Maya | |
| 2024 | The Beekeeper | Eloise Parker | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1976 | Delvecchio | Ventita Ray | Episode: "Wax Job" |
| 1978 | Watch Your Mouth | - | Episode: "First Days - Part 1 & 2" |
| 1981 | We're Fighting Back | - | TV movie |
| 1984 | One Life to Live | Courtney Wright | Regular cast |
| 1984–92 | The Cosby Show | Clair Hanks Huxtable | Main cast |
| 1985 | Santa Barbara | Felicia Dalton | Regular cast |
| 1985 | The Love Boat | Lonette Becker | Episode: "A Day in Port" |
| 1987 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | Eliza | TV movie |
| 1988 | Mickey's 60th Birthday | Disneyland Cleaning Lady | TV movie |
| 1988–90 | A Different World | Clair Huxtable | Guest (season 1–2), recurring cast (season 3) |
| 1989 | False Witness | Lynne Jacobi | TV movie |
| 1989 | Polly | Aunt Polly | TV movie |
| 1990 | Reading Rainbow | Herself | Episode: "Mufaro's Beautiful Daughters" |
| 1990 | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | Jane Goodfellow (voice) | Episode: "What's Michelangelo Good For?" |
| 1990 | Polly: Comin' Home! | Aunt Polly | TV movie |
| 1991 | The Earth Day Special | Clair Huxtable | TV special |
| 1991 | Blossom | Blossom's Dream Mom | Episode: "Blossom's Blossom" |
| 1991 | Jailbirds | Janice Grant | TV movie |
| 1993 | American Playhouse | Mayor Turner | Episode: "Hallelujah" |
| 1994 | Ghostwriter | Herself | Episode: "A Crime of Two Cities" |
| 1994 | The Cosby Mysteries | Hadley Roebuck | Episode: "Expert Witness" |
| 1994 | Touched by an Angel | Elizabeth Jessup | Episode: "Tough Love" |
| 1994 | David's Mother | Gladys Johnson | TV movie |
| 1995 | The Possession of Michael D | Dr. Marion Hale | TV movie |
| 1995 | In the House | Rowena | Episode: "Sister Act" |
| 1996 | The Babysitter's Seduction | Detective Kate Jacobs | TV movie |
| 1996–2000 | Cosby | Ruth Lucas | Main cast |
| 1998 | Free of Eden | Desiree | TV movie |
| 1998–2000 | Intimate Portrait | Herself | Recurring guest |
| 1999–2004 | Little Bill | Brenda Glover (voice) | Main cast |
| 2000 | Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child | Lady Fulten (voice) | Episode: "The Princess and the Pauper" |
| 2000 | Bull | Mrs. Granville | Episode: "What the Past Will Bring" |
| 2001 | Biography | Narrator (voice) | Episode: "Dionne Warwick: Don't Make Me Over" |
| 2001 | The Old Settler | Elizabeth | TV movie |
| 2001 | Murder, She Wrote: The Last Free Man | Cassandra Hawkins | TV movie |
| 2002 | Touched by an Angel | Elizabeth Jessup | Episode: "The Last Chapter" |
| 2007 | Everybody Hates Chris | Kathleen Devereaux | Episode: "Everybody Hates Kwanzaa" |
| 2007–14 | Psych | Winnie Guster | Guest cast (season 2-3 & 8) |
| 2008 | The Life & Times of Tim | The Boss's Wife (voice) | Episode: "Theo Strikes Back/Amy Gets Wasted" |
| 2008 | A Raisin in the Sun | Lena Younger | TV movie |
| 2011 | Change of Plans | Dorothy | TV movie |
| 2012 | Steel Magnolias | Clairee Belcher | TV movie |
| 2012–13 | The Cleveland Show | Dee Dee Tubbs (voice) | Guest (season 3), recurring cast (season 4) |
| 2013 | Do No Harm | Dr. Vanessa Young | Main cast |
| 2014 | Sofia the First | Glacia the Ice Witch (voice) | Episode: "Winter's Gift" |
| 2016–17 | Jean-Claude Van Johnson | Jane | Main cast |
| 2016–18 | Empire | Diana DuBois | Recurring cast (season 3–5) |
| 2017 | When We Rise | Yvette Flunder | Episode: "Night IV: Part VI and VII" |
| 2017 | Tour de Pharmacy | Victoria Young | TV movie |
| 2019 | The Rocketeer | May Songbird (voice) | Episode: "Songbird Soars Again" |
| 2019–21 | This Is Us | Carol Clarke | Guest (season 3–4), recurring cast (season 5) |
| 2019–21 | David Makes Man | Dr. Woods-Trap | Main cast (season 1), guest (season 2) |
| 2020 | Station 19 | Pilar | Episode: "Ice Ice Baby" |
| 2020 | 13 Reasons Why | Pastor | Recurring cast (season 4) |
| 2021 | Grey's Anatomy | Nell Timms | Episode: "Sign O' the Times" |
| 2022 | The Good Fight | Renetta Clark | Recurring cast (season 6) |
| 2022 | Little America | Margaret Jean the Queen | Episode: "Mr. Song" |
| 2023 | The Crossover | Barbara | Episode: "Huddle Up" |
| 2023 | Curses! | Georgia Snitker (voice) | Recurring cast |
| 2024 | Diarra from Detroit | Vonda | Main cast |

### Theatre

| Year | Title | Role | Venue |
| 1971 | Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death | Performer | Ethel Barrymore Theatre, Broadway |
| 1975 | The Wiz | Field Mouse / Munchkin | Majestic Theatre, Broadway |
| 1981 | Dreamgirls | Ensemble | Imperial Theatre, Broadway |
| 1988 | Into the Woods | The Witch (Replacement) | Martin Beck Theatre, Broadway |
| 1992 | Jelly's Last Jam | Anita (Replacement) | Virginia Theatre, Broadway |
| 2004 | A Raisin in the Sun | Lena Younger | Royale Theatre, Broadway |
| 2004 | Gem of the Ocean | Aunt Esther | Walter Kerr Theatre, Broadway |
| 2005 | A Wonderful Life | Miss Bailey | Shubert Theatre, Broadway |
| 2007 | Cymbeline | Queen | Vivian Beaumont Theatre, Broadway |
| 2008 | Cat on a Hot Tin Roof | Big Mama | Broadhurst Theatre, Broadway |
| 2009 | August: Osage County | Violet Weston (Replacement) | Imperial Theatre, Broadway |
| 2022 | Skeleton Crew | Faye | Samuel J. Friedman Theatre, Broadway |
| 2023 | Purlie Victorious | Producer only | Music Box Theatre, Broadway |

## Awards and honors

| Year | Association | Category | Work | Result |
| 1985 | People's Choice Awards | Favorite Female Performer in a New TV Program | The Cosby Show | Won |
| 1985 | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series | The Cosby Show | Nominated |
| 1986 | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series | The Cosby Show | Nominated |
| 1988 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series | The Cosby Show | Won |
| 1989 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series | The Cosby Show | Won |
| 1989 | People's Choice Awards | Favorite Female TV Performer | The Cosby Show | Won |
| 1990 | People's Choice Awards | Favorite Female TV Performer | The Cosby Show | Nominated |
| 1997 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series | Cosby | Won |
| 1998 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series | Cosby | Nominated |
| 1999 | Satellite Awards | Satellite Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy | Cosby | Nominated |
| 2002 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special | The Old Settler | Nominated |
| 2004 | Tony Awards | Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play | A Raisin in the Sun | Won |
| 2004 | Drama Desk Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Play | A Raisin in the Sun | Won |
| 2004 | Drama League Awards | Distinguished Performance | A Raisin in the Sun | Nominated |
| 2004 | Outer Critics Circle Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Play | A Raisin in the Sun | Nominated |
| 2005 | Tony Awards | Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play | Gem of the Ocean | Nominated |
| 2008 | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie | A Raisin in the Sun | Nominated |
| 2009 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special | A Raisin in the Sun | Won |
| 2009 | Screen Actors Guild | Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie | A Raisin in the Sun | Nominated |
| 2011 | Black Reel Awards | Outstanding Supporting Actress | For Colored Girls | Won |
| 2011 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture | For Colored Girls | Nominated |
| 2013 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture | Good Deeds | Nominated |
| 2015 | The BET Honors | Theatrical Arts Award | N/A (Honoree) | Won |
| 2019 | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series | This Is Us | Nominated |
| 2020 | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series | This Is Us | Nominated |
| 2021 | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series | This Is Us | Nominated |
| 2021 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture | Jingle Jangle: A Christmas Journey | Won |
| 2021 | NAACP Image Awards | Outstanding Character Voice Performance – Motion Picture | Soul | Nominated |
| 2022 | Tony Awards | Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play | Skeleton Crew | Won |
| 2022 | Drama Desk Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Play | Skeleton Crew | Won |
| 2022 | Drama League Awards | Distinguished Performance | Skeleton Crew | Nominated |
| 2022 | Outer Critics Circle Awards | Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play | Skeleton Crew | Nominated |
| 2024 | Black Reel Awards | Outstanding Guest Performance in a Comedy Series | Diarra from Detroit | Won |
* 2003: Honored as Woman of the Year by the Harvard Black Men's Forum
* 2005: received an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts (D.F.A.) degree from Brown University
* 2011: received an honorary doctorate degree from Spelman College for her work in the Arts
* 2011: named the first Denzel Washington Chair professor in theatre at Fordham University, supported by a $2 million gift from the actor
* 2019: received an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from The University of South Carolina for her work in the Arts and Arts Education