OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Flatpak

Flatpak is a utility for software deployment and package management for Linux. It provides a sandbox environment in which users can run application software in (partial) isolation from the rest of the system. Flatpak was known as xdg-app until 2016.

## Features

Applications using Flatpak need permissions to access resources such as Bluetooth, sound (with PulseAudio), network, and files. These permissions are configured by the maintainer of the Flatpak and can be added or removed by users on their system.
Another key feature of Flatpak allows application developers to directly provide updates to users without going through Linux distributions, and without having to package and test the application separately for each distribution.
Because Flatpak runs in a sandbox (which provides a separate, ABI-stable version of common system libraries), it uses more space on the system than common native packages. However, OSTree, a technology underlying Flatpak, deduplicates matching files. This means that the first few Flatpak installations will occupy more space, but as more packages are added, the system will use space more efficiently.
Flathub, a repository (or remote source in the Flatpak terminology) located at flathub.org, is the de facto standard for obtaining applications packaged with Flatpak. Packages are contributed by both Flathub administrators and application developers, with a stated preference for submissions from the developers themselves. Although Flathub is the de facto source for applications packaged with Flatpak, it is possible to host a Flatpak repository that is independent of Flathub.

## Support

Theoretically, Flatpak apps can be installed on any existing and future Linux distribution, including those installed with the Windows Subsystem for Linux compatibility layer, so long as bubblewrap and OSTree are available.
It can also be used on Linux kernel-based systems like ChromeOS.
# The Hits (Hal Ketchum album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic - | |
The Hits is the first compilation album by American country music artist Hal Ketchum, released on May 7, 1996. It briefly appeared on Billboard's Top Country Albums chart, peaking at No. 43. Three songs were newly recorded for this collection, "Satisfied Mind", the Bob Ferguson cover "Wings of a Dove", and "Hang in There Superman". Also included is "I Miss My Mary", an album cut from Ketchum's debut album Past the Point of Rescue.

## Production on new tracks

As listed in liner notes
* Produced by Allen Reynolds and Jim Rooney
* Recorded and Mixed by Mark Miller
* Mastered by Denny Purcell at Georgetown Masters, Nashville, TN
* Digital editing by Carlos Grier

## Personnel on new tracks

As listed in liner notes
"Hang in There Superman"
* Mark Casstevens - acoustic guitar
* Dan Dugmore - pedal steel guitar
* Mike Leech - bass guitar
* Delbert McClinton - harmonica
* George Marinelli - electric guitar
* Milton Sledge - drums
* Bobby Wood - Wurlitzer electric piano
Background vocals: The W.O. Smith Nashville Community Singers (Angela Barlow, Esther Beckford, Merle Harden, Merlicia Harden, Tamica Head, Marquita Holt, Leslie Williams, Kameka Word) and "Metropolis Singers" (Delbert McClinton, Bobby Wood, Roger Cook, Jim Rooney, Tony Arata, Sandy Mason, Benita Hill, Matt Lindsey, Richard Aspinwall, Julie B. Freeman, Terrell Ketchum, Josh Allen, Mary Todd-Roberts, Charles Green, TerryPalmer, Randy Handley, Sarah Miller, Debbie Miller, Herb McCullough, Debbie Nims)
"Satisfied Mind"
* Chris Leuzinger - electric guitar
* Russ Pahl - acoustic guitar
* Milton Sledge - drums
* Pete Wasner - piano
* Bobby Wood - organ
* Bob Wray - bass guitar
Strings by The Nashville String Machine arranged by Charles Cochran
"Wings of a Dove"
* Richard Bennett - acoustic guitar
* Stuart Duncan - mandolin
* Chris Leuzinger - electric guitar
* Ruby Lovett - background vocals
* Scott Neubert - acoustic guitar
* Milton Sledge - drums
* Pete Wasner - piano
* Bob Wray - bass guitar

## Chart performance

| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums | 43 |

## Sources

* 1 2 3 The Hits (CD). Hal Ketchum. Curb Records. 1996. 77797.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
* ↑ Campbell, Al. "Hal Ketchum — The Hits". Allmusic. Retrieved 2009-09-25.
# Pernik Province

42°35′N 23°0′E﻿ / ﻿42.583°N 23.000°E﻿ / 42.583; 23.000
Pernik Province is a province in western Bulgaria, neighbouring Serbia. Its main city is Pernik, and other municipalities are Breznik, Kovachevtsi, Radomir, Tran, and Zemen.

## Demographics

Pernik province had a population of 133,750 according to the 2011 census, of which 48.9% were male and 51.1% were female.

### Ethnic groups

Ethnic groups in Pernik Province (2011 census) :
| Ethnic group | Ethnic group | Percentage | Percentage |
| Bulgarians | Bulgarians | 96.4% | 96.4% |
| Romani | Romani | 2.8% | 2.8% |
| others and indefinable | others and indefinable | 0.7% | 0.7% |
Total population (2011 census): 133 530
Ethnic groups (2011 census): Identified themselves: 125 422 persons:
* Bulgarians: 120 929 (96,42%)
* Romani: 3 560 (2,84%)
* Others and indefinable: 933 (0,74%)
Ethnic groups in the province according to 2001 census:
* Bulgarians: 145 642 (97.2%),
* Romani: 3 035 (2%)
* Others and indefinable: 1155 (0.8%).

### Religion

Religious adherence in the province according to 2001 census:
Census 2001 :
| religious adherence | population | % |
| Orthodox Christians | 146 141 | 97.5% |
| Protestants | 356 | 0.2% |
| Muslims | 178 | 0.1% |
| Roman Catholics | 92 | 0.1% |
| Other | 496 | 0.3% |
| Religion not mentioned | 2 569 | 1.7% |
| total | 149 832 | 100% |

## Economy

Industry is of vital importance for the economy of the province. Pernik is the major manufacturing centre, one of the largest in the country with the "Stomana" steel complex, heavy machinery (mining and industrial equipment), building materials, and textiles being the most important. There is an enormous plant for heavy machinery in Radomir which produces excavators and industrial equipment, but is currently not working at full capacity.
# Shimshon Unichman

Shimshon Unichman (Hebrew: שמשון יוניצ'מן; 13 February 1907 – 21 March 1961) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Herut between 1955 and 1961.

## Biography

Born in Lutsk in the Russian Empire (today in Ukraine), Unichman studied medicine at university in Prague and was certified as an MD. In Prague he became involved with the Betar movement, and in 1932 he joined the national directorate of the Polish branch of the movement.
In 1935 he emigrated to Mandatory Palestine, where he became commander of a Betar mobilisation platoon in Rosh Pinna. He also became a member of the Hatzohar central committee. In 1944 he was arrested by the British authorities, and sent to a detention camp in Eritrea. Between 1946 and 1948 he served as head of the World Secretariat of Revisionist Zionists.
After independent in 1948 he joined Herut, and was elected to the Knesset on the party's list in 1955. He was re-elected in 1959 and died whilst still an MK on 21 March 1961. His seat was taken by Avraham Drori.
Streets in Tel Aviv and Kiryat Shmona are named after him.
# E. C. Tillman

Eugene Ceasar Tillman Sr. (April 10, 1926 – July 29, 2009) was an American Baptist minister and politician. The longtime pastor of Shiloh Baptist Church in Brunswick, Georgia, he represented the area as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1993 to 2003.

## Early life and family
### Childhood and education

Tillman was born on April 10, 1926, in West Palm Beach, Florida, to a large African American family. His parents, Will and Laura Tillman, were active members of the local Baptist church, and he and his eight siblings were made to study the Bible intensely.
Tillman attended local public schools, which were then segregated by race. In 1943, he graduated from Industrial High School as salutatorian and class president, and he entered Howard University in Washington, D.C. Majoring in psychology, he worked part-time as a busboy at the YWCA and Washington National Airport. After completing his undergraduate coursework, Tillman earned a Master of Divinity degree from Howard. He served in the United States Navy.

### Marriages and children

Tillman was married twice and had four children: three sons and a daughter. After he and his first wife, Dorothy, divorced, he married Vivian Beatrice Vereen, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Eddie Vereen, at St. Paul African Methodist Episcopal Church in West Palm Beach on September 13, 1964.

## Career
### Ministry and activism

Tillman was first ordained as a minister at Washington, D.C.'s Shiloh Baptist Church, during his college years. In 1954, he moved to Daytona Beach, Florida to become pastor of Mount Bethel Baptist Church. During this time, he served on Governor LeRoy Collins's civil rights commission, led a Florida contingent of Freedom Riders on behalf of the NAACP, and campaigned for pro-civil rights gubernatorial candidate Robert King High.
In 1964, Tillman moved to Brunswick, Georgia become pastor of that city's Shiloh Baptist Church. He was the church's senior pastor until 2007.

### Political campaigns

After moving to Brunswick, Tillman served on the Glynn County board of education. He was the Democratic Party nominee for the 155th district seat of the Georgia House of Representatives in the 137th, 138th, and 139th General Assemblies, losing to Republican opponents Shaw McVeigh in 1982 and Virginia Ramsey in 1984 and 1986. In 1988, he was elected as a county commissioner.
The Georgia state legislature approved new district lines in advance of the 1992 elections for the 142nd General Assembly, and Tillman ran successfully for the newly-drawn 173rd House district seat. He was reelected in 1994, 1996, 1998, and 2000. He decided not to run in the 2002 election, after which Brunswick was part of the new 128th district.

## Later life and death

Tillman died on July 29, 2009, at Waycross Health and Rehabilitation Center in Waycross, Georgia.
# Bartholomaeus Arnoldi

Bartholomaeus Arnoldi (usually called Usingen; German: Bartholomäus Arnoldi von Usingen; 1465 – 9 September 1532) was an Augustinian friar and doctor of divinity who taught Martin Luther and later turned into his earliest and one of his personally closest opponents.

## Life

Usually called Usingen, after his birthplace, Arnoldi received his master's degree in 1491 and was promoted to the doctorate of divinity in 1514. For thirty years he filled the chairs of philosophy and theology at Erfurt University, and, with Jodocus Trutfetter, was its leading teacher. He enjoyed the favour of the younger humanists.
A dialectician and logician, Arnoldi was Luther's teacher in both these branches. Luther retained an affectionate regard for him and after the Heidelberg Disputation (May 1518) travelled in his company from Würzburg to Erfurt, during which he made efforts to wean him from his ecclesiastical allegiance. In 1521, during the uprising against the priesthood and the pillaging of their property, he denounced the rioters from the pulpit. In 1522 he delivered a series of sermons in the cathedral in defence of Catholicism, arraigning the inactivity of the civil and ecclesiastical authorities, and predicted the revolution which came in the German Peasants' War. A first controversial treatise (1522) was directed against the preaching of Johannes Cuelsamer and Aegidius Mechler; it was followed by many more.
His anti-Reformation attitude and utterances in the end embittered Luther, who attacked his old teacher. He moved to Würzburg, in 1526, and in 1530 accompanied Conrad von Thüngen, the Bishop of Würzburg, to the Diet of Augsburg. Returning, he died at Würzburg, on 9 September 1532.
# Tapani Vuorenhela

Tapani Aimo Vuorenhela (born 15 September 1947) is a Finnish former racing cyclist. He won the Finnish national road race title in 1971. He also competed in the individual road race at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Jeremy Shafer

Jeremy Shafer is an American professional entertainer and origamist based in Berkeley, California. He has been folding origami since he was ten. He creates his own origami designs which tend to be whimsical and unique, such as his "Man Swatter", "BARF Bag" and his working origami household items, like his "Nail Clippers" and his awesome "Swiss Army Knife". Shafer is sometimes billed as Jeremy the Juggler, and his stunts include folding a burning origami bird, riding a flaming unicycle, and juggling torches.

## Personal life

Jeremy Shafer grew up in Berkeley, California. He went to high school at Berkeley High School and graduated in 1991. He attended college at the University of California, Santa Cruz and graduated in 1995 with a Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics. He then later decided to pursue his career as a professional child entertainer. Shafer is fluent in Spanish and can also speak some French, Italian, and Japanese. Shafer resides in Berkeley, California. He releases new origami models every week. He was married at age 28 and got divorced in 2015. On January 1, 2018, Shafer's mother, Margo, passed away after facing several illnesses in life. Shafer and his father designed an origami "MOM" shortly after her death.

## Work on Origami

Shafer has taught at multiple workshops and camps for both children and adults. He taught for 13 summers at Camp Winnarainbow, a circus-arts/activities camp in California. He has taught scientists how to design their own origami models as an exercise in problem-solving. His iconoclastic contributions to the origami community (one of his most recognizable works is an origami figure with hands emerging from it, appearing to fold itself) have led him to become one of the world's leading and most influential origami masters. He is an entertainer as well, performing his act (in which origami is a large part) at fairs and private parties across the globe. As well as folding others' models, he has designed hundreds of his own and published many of them across three books.
Shafer was an active member of OrigamiUSA and published a quarterly newsletter for the San Francisco Bay Area origami group, BARF (Bay Area Rapid Folders, a play on BART, Bay Area Rapid Transit). However, he decided to resign to focus on his YouTube channel. He has four YouTube channels which are called Jeremyevents, JeremyShafervariety, JeremyShaferOrigami, and Simple Balloon Animals. Out of all four, JeremyShaferOrigami is his most popular channel, where he teaches how to fold new origami models that he designed, as well as some from his books Origami Ooh La La and Origami to Astonish and Amuse. The channel has over 616,000 subscribers, and over 261,000,000 views.

## Publications

* Origami to Astonish and Amuse. St. Martin's Griffin, 2001. ISBN 0-312-25404-0
* Origami Ooh La La! CreateSpace, 2010. ISBN 1-4564-3964-2
* Origami Pop-Ups to Amaze and Amuse. CreateSpace, December 2013. ISBN 1-494-29902-X
# Miguel Alemán (chess player)

Miguel Blas Alemán Dovo (3 February 1906 – 27 December 1979) was a Cuban chess player, Cuban Chess Championship winner (1939).
From the late 1930s to the early 1950s, Miguel Alemán was one of the leading Cuban chess players. He won the Cuban Chess Championship in 1939. Miguel Alemán also participated in U.S. Open Chess Championship (1946, 1947) and a strong International Chess Tournament in Havana (1952). In 1948, he was added to the extended reserve list for the Interzonal tournament.
Miguel Alemán played for Cuba in the Chess Olympiads:
* In 1939, at third board in the 8th Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires (+5, =4, -10),
* In 1952, at first board in the 10th Chess Olympiad in Helsinki (+2, =5, -4).
# Lizums Parish

Lizums Parish (Latvian: Lizuma pagasts) is an administrative territorial entity of Gulbene Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It was an administrative unit of the former Gulbene district. The administrative center is Lizums.

## Towns, villages and settlements of Lizums Parish

* Grūšļi
* Gužīlas
* Kolaņģi
* Lizums [lv] – parish administrative center
* Velēna
* Velēnmuiža

## History

In the 12th century, the lands of the present Lizums Parish were part of the Latgalian historical region of Talava. Later in XIII century these lands became property of the Archbishopric of Riga, in XVI century retreated to Poland, in XVII century Sweden and in XVIII century the Russian Empire. On the territory of the volost in the 19th century there was the Lizum estate, as well as the Tsepls, Piets and Velēna half-mansions.
In Lizums Manor, originally belonging to the Tiesenhausen family, there worked a distillery, a brewery, a liquor factory, three mills and a brick factory.
In 1935, the territory of the Lizums Parish of Cesis County was 119 km², with 1,791 people living in it.
After the Second World War, several collective farms were organized, which later joined the collective farm Spars, which became a limited liability company in 1992 and liquidated in 1993.
In 1945, the Lizums and Velēna village councils were formed into the parish. In 1949, the volost division was abolished and the Lizums village council was part of the Gauens (1949-1956) and Gulbene (after 1956) districts.
In 1951, the liquidated Velēna Village Council was merged with the Lizums Village Council. In 1960 - the territory of the farm Spars Sinol Village Council. In 1977 - part of the liquidated Sinol Village Council.
In 1990, the Lizums village council was reorganized into a volost. In 2009, at the end of the Latvian administrative-territorial reform, the Lizums Parish became part of the Gulbene region.
After 2010, there were 19 economically active enterprises, Lizums Secondary School, Lizums Volost Library, House of Culture, ambulatory, pharmacy, two post offices, forestry in the volost.

## Notable residents

* Apsīšu Jēkabs, real name Janis Jaunzemis (1858—1929), Latvian writer.
* Verners Vitands (1903—1982), Latvian architect.
# Bagelkhand

Bagelkhand or Baghelkhand is a proposed state and a mountain range in central India that covers the northeastern regions of Madhya Pradesh and a small area of southeastern Uttar Pradesh.

## History
### Dahala

Baghelkhand was known as Dahala in the 6th–12th century. Rewa State was founded in the area circa 1140. The area's current name refers to the Vaghela dynasty who ruled this state.

### Bagelkhand Agency

The Bagelkhand Agency was a British political unit which managed the relations of the British with a number of autonomous princely states existing outside British India, namely Rewa and 11 minor states, of which the most prominent were Maihar, Nagod and Sohawal. Other principalities included Jaso, Kothi, Baraundha (aka Patharkachhar) as well as the Kalinjar Chaubes, consisting of the princely estates of Paldeo, Kamta-Rajaula, Tarauwhan, Pahra and Bhaisaunda.

## Geography

Bagelkhand is surrounded by the Indo-Gangetic plains in the north and east, Bundelkhand in the west and the Vindhya range in the south.

## Administration

Currently it divided between Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. It includes the districts Rewa, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi in Madhya Pradesh and Chitrakoot & Southern Part of Sonbhadra and Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh.

## Demographics

The inhabitants of Bagelkhand are called Bagheli and they speak the Bagheli language which is also designated as a dialect of Hindi.
Religion in Baghelkhand (2011)
Religion
Percent
Hinduism
95.48%
Islam
3.42%
Others
1.10% :
Languages in Baghelkhand (2011) :
| Language | Language | Percent | Percent |
| Hindi | Hindi | 65.59% | 65.59% |
| Bagheli | Bagheli | 25.33% | 25.33% |
| Bundeli | Bundeli | 3.20% | 3.20% |
| Urdu | Urdu | 0.17% | 0.17% |
| Others | Others | 5.71% | 5.71% |
# Harry Demetriou

Charidimos (Harry) Demetriou (born 20 August 1958 in London) is a Greek Cypriot-British poker player.

## World Series of Poker

Demetriou first became known in poker circles for his 3rd-place finish at the $2,000 no limit Texas hold 'em tournament at the 2002 World Series of Poker (WSOP) won by Layne Flack. Demetriou took home $80,200 for his finish.
He finished in 18th place in the 2004 WSOP Main Event, where he became annoyed with the belligerent attitude of Josh Arieh. Demetriou received $147,500 for his finish in the tournament.
At the 2005 WSOP, he finished as the runner-up in the $2,500 short-handed no limit hold'em event, receiving $163,850 when his Q♣ 9♠ failed to improve in the final hand against Isaac Galazan's K♥ J♠ on a board of 8♦ 5♦ 4♦ 5♠ 2♥. He also made the final table of the same event at the 2006 WSOP, finishing 6th.
Despite his successes at the WSOP, he has made criticisms of disorganisation of events at the 2005 WSOP , the HORSE event at the 2006 WSOP, a change to the format of the 2006 WSOP's shootout event and a rules decision in the 2006 WSOP main event .

## World Poker Tour

Demetriou made the final table of the World Poker Tour (WPT) season 2 Invitational event, finishing in fifth place.
Demetriou made a second WPT final table in season 5, finishing runner-up when his K♥ 6♣ was outdrawn by Stanley Weiss' K♠ 5♦.

## Other events

In 2003, Demetriou also appeared in the World Heads-Up Poker Championship and Poker Million.
Demetriou won the inaugural Victor Poker Cup in 2004.
As of 2013, his total live tournament winnings exceed $2,100,000. His 10 cashes at the WSOP account for $593,544 of those winnings.
# Valmiera county

Valmiera county (Latvian: Valmieras apriņķis, German: Kreis Wolmar, Russian: Вольмарскій уѣздъ, romanized: Vol'marskiy uyezd) was a historic county of Latvia. Its capital was Valmiera (Wolmar).

## History

The county of Valmiera was created during the administrative territorial reform of the Governorate of Riga in 1783 by merging of parishes from the preexisting Kreis Riga and Kreis Pernau.
After the establishment of the Republic of Latvia in 1918, the Valmieras apriņķis existed until 1949, when the Council of Ministers of the Latvian SSR split it into the newly created districts (rajons) of Valmiera and Rūjiena (dissolved in 1959).

## Demographics

At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Kreis Wolmar had a population of 112,836. Of these, 93.3% spoke Latvian, 3.2% Estonian, 2.0% German, 0.8% Russian, 0.5% Yiddish, 0.1% Romani and 0.1% Polish as their native language.

## Divisions

In 1913, Valmiera county had 56 parishes and 2 towns:
Parishes
* Ainaži Parish (Haynasch)
* Arakste Parish (Arras)
* Augstroze Parish (Hochrosen)
* Matīši Parish (Bauenhof)
* Braslava Parish (Breslau)
* Burtnieki Parish (Burtneck)
* Dauguļi Parish (Daugeln)
* Dikļi Parish (Dickeln)
* Idus Parish (Idwen)
* Ipiķi Parish (Ippik)
* Bērzaine Parish (Sternhof)
* Jeri Parish (Seyershof)
* Katvari Parish (Kadfer)
* Kauguri Parish (Kaugershof)
* Kocēni Parish (Kokenhof)
* Ķieģeļu Parish (Kegeln)
* Ķirbižu Parish (Kürbis)
* Ķoņi Parish (Königshof)
* Lādes Parish (Ladenhof)
* Lielstraupes Parish (Groß-Roop)
* Limbaži Parish (Schloß Lemsal)
* Lode Parish (Metzküll)
* Mazstraupes Parish (Klein-Roop)
* Mujānu Parish (Mojahn)
* Mūru Parish (Muremoise)
* Nabes Parish (Nabben)
* Naukšēni Parish (Naukschen)
* Ozolu Parish (Lappier)
* Pāle Parish (Sepkull)
* Liepupe Parish (Pernigel)
* Plātera Parish (Moiseküll)
* Pociema Parish (Posendorf)
* Puiķeles Parish (Puikeln)
* Raiskums Parish (Raiskum)
* Rencēni Parish (Ranzen)
* Rozbeķu Parish (Schloß Rosenbeck)
* Staicele Parish (Koddiak)
* Rūjienas Parish (Rujen-Großhof)
* Sēļi Parish (Sehlen)
* Skaņkalne Parish (Kolberg)
* Stalbe Parish (Stolben)
* Stienes-Duntes Parish (Ulpisch-Ruthern)
* Susikas Parish (Sussikas)
* Svejciema Parish (Neu-Salis)
* Ternejas Parish (Rujen-Torney)
* Umurga Parish (Ubbenorm-Saarum)
* Aloja Parish (Pürkeln)
* Unguru pagasts (Orellen)
* Vaidava Parish (Waidau)
* Vainižu pagasts (Wainsel)
* Valmiera Parish (Wolmarshof)
* Mazsalaca Parish (Schloß Salisburg)
* Vecate Parish (Alt-Ottenhof)
* Vecsalacas Parish (Alt-Salis)
* Vilzēnu pagasts (Wilsenhof)
* Viļķene Parish (Wilkenhof)
Towns
* Limbaži (Lemsal)
* Valmiera (Wolmar)