OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phase congruency

Phase congruency is a measure of feature significance in computer images, a method of edge detection that is particularly robust against changes in illumination and contrast.

## Foundations

Phase congruency reflects the behaviour of the image in the frequency domain. It has been noted that edgelike features have many of their frequency components in the same phase. The concept is similar to coherence, except that it applies to functions of different wavelength.
For example, the Fourier decomposition of a square wave consists of sine functions, whose frequencies are odd multiples of the fundamental frequency. At the rising edges of the square wave, each sinusoidal component has a rising phase; the phases have maximal congruency at the edges. This corresponds to the human-perceived edges in an image where there are sharp changes between light and dark.

## Definition

Phase congruency compares the weighted alignment of the Fourier components of a signal $A_{\rm {n}}$ with the sum of the Fourier components.
    $PC(t)=\max _{\bar {\phi }}{\frac {\sum _{\rm {n}}A_{\rm {n}}\cos(\phi _{\rm {n}}(t)-{\bar {\phi }})}{\sum _{\rm {n}}A_{n}}}$
where $\phi _{\rm {n}}$ is the local or instantaneous phase as can be calculated using the Hilbert transform and $A_{\rm {n}}$ are the local amplitude, or energy, of the signal. When all the phases are aligned, this is equal to 1.
Several ways of implementing phase congruency have been developed, of which two versions are available in open source, one written for Matlab and the other written in Java as a plugin for the ImageJ software.
Given the different notations used for its formulation, a unified version has been recently presented, where a methodology for the parameter tuning is also presented.

## Advantages

The square-wave example is naive in that most edge detection methods deal with it equally well. For example, the first derivative has a maximal magnitude at the edges. However, there are cases where the perceived edge does not have a sharp step or a large derivative. The method of phase congruency applies to many cases where other methods fail.
A notable example is an image feature consisting of a single line, such as the letter "l". Many edge-detection algorithms will pick up two adjacent edges: the transitions from white to black, and black to white. On the other hand, the phase congruency map has a single line. A simple Fourier analogy of this case is a triangle wave. In each of its crests there is a congruency of crests from different sinusoidal functions.

## Disadvantages

Calculating the phase congruency map of an image is very computationally intensive, and sensitive to image noise. Techniques of noise reduction are usually applied prior to the calculation.
# Irv Williams

Irvin Williams (August 17, 1919 – December 14, 2019) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. Throughout his nine-decade career, Williams focused on the Great American Songbook and the tenor sax as a solo vehicle.

## Musical history

His first instrument was the violin before switching to the clarinet and then to the tenor saxophone.
In 1942 Williams moved to Saint Paul, (Minnesota). In his early career, he played in bands behind Ella Fitzgerald, Fletcher Henderson, Mary Lou Williams, and Billy Eckstine at venues such as the Apollo Theater or the Howard Theater. Turning down invitations to go on tour with Duke Ellington, Count Basie, or Louis Armstrong, he chose to stay and become part of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul (Twin Cities), history. While teaching in various public schools in St. Paul, he played with the late Reginald Buckner. In the Twin Cities, Williams has played at every jazz venue, past and present, including the old Flame Bar where he was often back to back with such stars as Sarah Vaughan, Dizzy Gillespie, and Johnny Hodges.
Since his 84th birthday, Williams came up with a stream of releases: That’s All (2004), Dedicated to You (2005), followed by one of his most acclaimed, Duo (2006) with piano partner Peter Schimke, and Finality (2008). In 2011, Williams recorded Duke's Mixture, a quintet with Peter Schimke, Steve Blons, Billy Peterson and Jay Epstein; the set list includes five original compositions from Williams and his vocal debut on "Until the Real Thing Comes Along", together with two Irving Berlin standards and a pair of blues tunes.
Irv Williams had a regular weekly gig at the Dakota Jazz Club in downtown Minneapolis.

## Personal life

Williams had nine children from two marriages.

## Honors and awards

* 1984 – First jazz musician to be honored by the State of Minnesota with his own "Irv Williams Day".
* 1990 – Picture appeared on the "Celebrate Minnesota" official state map
* 1995 – Named an Arts Midwest Jazz Master
* 2005 – At the KBEM Winter Jazz Festival, Irv was one of three recipients of Lifetime Achievement Awards.
* 2010 – Appeared on the cover of Saint Paul Almanac
* Inducted into the Minnesota Jazz Hall of Fame
* His former saxophone has been integrated into the "Minnesota’s Greatest Generation" exhibit at the Minnesota History Center

## Discography

* Keep the Music Playing (1994)
* Peace, with Strings (1996)
* STOP Look and Listen (2000)
* Encore (2001)
* That’s All (2004)
* Dedicated To You CD (2005)
* Duo - Irv Williams and Peter Schimke (2006)
* Finality (2008)
* Duke’s Mixture (2011)
* Then Was Then, Now Is Now (2014)
* Pinnacle - Irv Williams Trio (2015)

## Filmography

* 2012 – featured in Arts and the Mind, a documentary on PBS
* 2012 – The Funkytown Movie, music documentary by Megabien Entertainment
# 1967 Texas Southern Tigers football team

The 1967 Texas Southern Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Texas Southern University as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1967 NAIA football season. Led by third-year head coach Clifford Paul, the Tigers compiled an overall record of 7–3, with a mark of 5–2 in conference play, and finished second in the SWAC.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 16 | at Southern | University StadiumBaton Rouge, LA | L 17–21 |
| September 23 | Wiley | Jeppesen StadiumHouston, TX | W 48–13 |
| September 30 | Tennessee A&I* | Jeppesen StadiumHouston, TX | W 14–10 |
| October 7 | at Mississippi Valley State* | Magnolia StadiumItta Bena, MS | W 64–0 |
| October 14 | Alcorn A&M | Jeppesen StadiumHouston, TX | W 20–8 |
| October 28 | at Grambling | Grambling StadiumGrambling, LA | L 14–20 |
| November 5 | Jackson State | Jeppesen StadiumHouston, TX | W 9–7 |
| November 11 | Arkansas AM&N | Jeppesen StadiumHouston, TX | W 14–7 |
| November 18 | Prairie View A&M | Jeppesen StadiumHouston, TX (rivalry) | W 13–3 |
| November 25 | vs. Florida A&M* | Tampa StadiumTampa, FL (Golden Triangle Classic) | L 7–30 |
| *Non-conference game |||||
# Street of Shadows (1953 film)

Street of Shadows, also known as Shadow Man, is a 1953 British film noir written and directed by Richard Vernon and starring Cesar Romero, Victor Maddern, Kay Kendall and Edward Underdown. It is based on the 1951 novel The Creaking Chair by Laurence Meynell.

## Plot

Luigi, the owner of a Soho pin table saloon, is romancing an unhappily married socialite, Barbara Gale. He is accused of the murder of his former girlfriend Angela, who was found stabbed in his apartment. He evades the police and asks his friend Limpy for help, but Limpy is revealed to be Angela's killer.

## Cast

* Cesar Romero as Luigi
* Kay Kendall as Barbara Gale
* Edward Underdown as Det. Insp. Johnstone
* Victor Maddern as Limpy
* Bill Travers as Nigel Langley
* Simone Silva as Angela Abbe
* Liam Gaffney as Constable Fred Roberts
* Robert Cawdron as Det. Sgt. Hadley
* John Penrose as Gerald Gale
* Molly Hamley-Clifford as "Starry" Darrell
* Eileen Way as Mrs. Thoms
* Paul Hardtmuth as J.M. Mayall
* Tony Sympson as Nikki
* Rose McLaren as Rose
* Michael Kelly as Merchant Seaman West
* Fred Griffiths as cab driver
* Harry Purvis as Darrell
* Lionel King as cardsharp

## Production

It was shot at the Merton Park Studios in London and on location in the city's West End. The film's sets were designed by the art director George Haslam. It was an early production of Anglo-Amalgamated who had signed a deal with Lippert Pictures who distributed the film in the United States. While much of the company's output at the time were second features, this was a more expensive film aimed at the first feature market. It was the first Anglo film to use an imported star.

## Critical reception

The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: "A conventional thriller. The sound track is somewhat enlivened by Tommy Reilly's harmonica solos, particularly 'The Limping Man', which seems destined to share the fate of the 'Harry Lime Theme'."
# Tiff Jimber

Tiff Jimber is an American singer-songwriter whose songs have been used in movies and television, such as Love Happens, The Blind Side and Dolphin Tale. She was a contestant and finalist on VH1's Rock 'n Roll Fantasy Camp season 2.

## Early life

Jimber was born in Denver, Colorado, as "Tiffany Anne Gyomber" and was raised in San Diego. She began piano lessons at age 6 and was writing songs since she could speak. At the age of 16, she began performing at local open mike shows.
After high school, she was accepted to Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts, earning dual degrees in music production and engineering and songwriting. Immediately after graduation, she moved to Los Angeles and was employed at Conway Recording Studios in Hollywood and eventually began managing sound at the Whisky a Go Go. She slowly moved away from music engineering projects and started to focus on live performance, including a short time with the punk pop band Jerra. She eventually opted to perform solo, playing keyboard and accordion.

## Career

Jimber's first album, Obstacles, was recorded in fall 2004 and was self-produced and recorded in Santa Monica, California. Obstacles was nominated for AAA album of the year by The Los Angeles Music Awards. After two years of touring, she released her first LP, Perfectly, in 2006. In 2004, the composer Christopher Young used her vocals in the soundtrack for his score of the movie The Grudge. In 2009, Jimber released Burning at Both Ends, her second full-length record with the producer Matt Bobb.
In November 2009, her song "Love That You Need", co-written with Bobb, was placed in the iTunes movie trailer for the film The Blind Side. Young used her vocals again in his score of the film Love Happens. Her song "City Life" received honorable mention from the Billboard songwriting contest and was placed in the Australian Songwriting Contest. "Burning at Both Ends" was featured in US Weekly. She embarked on her first European tour in 2011, performing in various countries. She is the recipient of the ASCAP Plus Award from 2007 to 2013.
She was a finalist in VH1's Rock 'n Roll Fantasy Camp season 2, in the band The Bad Kick. She was the only keyboard player in the competition and was chosen by Matt Sorum to be a member of The Bad Kick. Jimber was coached by Sorum and The Bad Kick won the final battle during the season finale of the competition, hosted at the House of Blues in Hollywood.
In September 2011, "Reawakening", which was co-written with Bobb at Matchstick Music, was used in the Dolphin Tale exclusive featurette, Winter. Jimber co-wrote the song "Staying Up All Night" for the Disney star G. Hannelius and "Toyland" which was used as the opening number in the Disney Parks Christmas Day Parade.

## Songs
### Tiff Jimber

All tracks are written by Tiff Jimber & Matt Bobb, except where noted

## Discography

| Album name | Format | Year released |
| Obstacles | LP | 2004 |
| Perfectly | EP | 2006 |
| Burning at Both Ends | LP | 2009 |
| "Dynamite" | Single | 2010 |
| "Civil War" | Single | 2011 |
| The Foundation | EP | 2013 |
# Tomoharu Ushida

Tomoharu Ushida (Japanese: 牛田智大) (born Fukushima, Japan, October 16, 1999) is a Japanese pianist.

## Early life and education

Ushida was born in Fukushima Prefecture. He moved to Shanghai with his family soon after he was born, due to his father's business. He came back to Japan when he enrolled primary school in Aichi Prefecture.
Ushida studied at the Moscow Conservatory under the supervision of Yuri Slesarev and Alexander Vershinin. He released his debut album Liebesträume from Universal Classics in 2012, at the age of 12, as the youngest Japanese classical pianist.
Ushida composed the theme music of exhibition "Liechtenstein" held at the New National Art Center in Tokyo and performed in the presence of former Crown Prince (now His Majesty the Emperor) of Japan in 2012.
In 2014, Ushida performed for the first time with overseas artists, the Wiener Kammer Orchestra (conducted by Stefan Vlader). In 2015 and 2019, he performed with the Russian National Orchestra conducted by Mikhail Pletnev, and the Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Yatsek Kaspsik in 2018.
Ushida won the second prize in the 10th Hamamatsu International Piano Competition in 2018.
Ushida participated in the 21th Leeds International Piano Competition in 2024 and reached to the semi-finals. He also won the Medici.tv Audience Prize.

## Awards

* 2011 – XII International Chopin Piano Competition in ASIA – Concert B Division – First Prize (youngest in the history of the category)
* 2012 – XIII International Chopin Piano Competition in ASIA – Concert C Division – First Prize (youngest in the history of the category)
* 2012 – XVI Hamamatsu International Piano Academy Competition – First Prize (youngest in the history of the competition)
* 2018 – X Hamamatsu International Piano Competition – Second Prize, Audience Award, Award from President of Warsaw, Poland
* 2019 – 29th Idemitsu Music Awards

## Discography

| CDs | Launch date | Record company | Number |
| Liebesträume ~ Tomoharu Ushida debut | March 14, 2012 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-9012 / UCCY-1023 |
| Memories | August 22, 2012 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-9015 / UCCY-1026 |
| Dedication-List & Chopin Masterpieces | June 19, 2013 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-9018 / UCCY-1030 |
| Träumerei | July 2, 2014 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-9019 / UCCY-1039 |
| Liebesfreud | June 24, 2015 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-9024 / UCCY-1056 |
| Pictures at an exhibition | September 14, 2016 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-1069 / |
| Chopin: Ballade No. 1 e 24 Preludes | March 20, 2019 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-1096 / |
| Chopin Recital 2022 | August 31, 2022 | Universal Music Japan | UCCY-1115 / UCXY-1003 |
# Jug Bogdanovac

Jug Bogdanovac is a village situated in Merošina municipality in Serbia.
# Minnukettu

Minnukettu is an Indian Malayalam television soap opera directed by Jnanasheelan and which aired on Surya TV from 16 August 2004 to 2 January 2009 This is the first TV series in Malayalam to cross 1000 episodes. It was an official remake of Tamil television series Metti Oli. A spiritual reboot version of the show titled Kanyadanam began airing on Surya TV from 3 August 2021.

## Cast
### Lead

* Raghavan as Keshavan Nair
* Meenakshi Sunil as Lakshmi
* Gayathri Priya as Ganga
* Dr. Shaju Sham as Sudhi
* Anand Thrissur as Viswam
* Anu Joseph as Yamuna
* Dhanya Menon as Jyothi
* Dr.Neeraja / Souparnika Subhash as Meera
* Shanthi Williams as Janaki Amma
* Sudheer Sukumaran as Unni
* Arun Ghosh

### Recurring

* Sarath Das
* Dimple Rose as Saritha
* Krishna Prasad
* Beena Antony
* Aneesh Ravi as Vimal R Menon
* Sruthi Nair as Archana
* Harijith
* Kottayam Pradeep
* Rani
* Kripa
* Kalabhavan Haneef
* Sreedevi
* Ramesh Kurumassherry
* Shobha
* Kalabhavan Rahman
* Meena Ganesh
* T.S.Raju
* Kannur Sreelatha
* Sabari Nath
* Anzil Rehman
* Sreekkutty
* M.K.Varrier
* Kulappulli Leela
* Indhu Kalaadharan
* Jolly Eesow
* Seema G. Nair
* Chandrakanth
* Merlin
* Kalabhavan Abi
* Sreerekhaa
* Illikkettu Nambhoothiri
* Santha Devi
* Saritha Balakrishnan
* Joseph Paneagaden
* Ronson Vincent

## Soundtrack

The title song of the show was penned by Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri and composed by Mohan Sithara. The song was sung by Afsal and Jyotsna Radhakrishnan.

## Adaptations

Version 1 :
| Language | Title | Original release | Network(s) | Last aired | Notes |
| Tamil | Metti Oli மெட்டி ஒலி | 8 April 2002 | Sun TV | 18 June 2005 | Original |
| Kannada | Mangalya ಮಾಂಗಲ್ಯ | 12 April 2004 | Udaya TV | 2 November 2012 | Remake |
| Malayalam | Minnukettu മിന്നുകെട്ട് | 16 August 2004 | Surya TV | 2 January 2009 | Remake |
| Hindi | Shubh Vivah शुभ विवाह | 27 February 2012 | SET | 29 June 2012 | Remake |
| Telugu | Akshintalu అక్షింతలు | 14 April 2014 | Gemini TV | 15 August 2014 | Remake |
Version 2 :
| Language | Title | Original release | Network(s) | Last aired | Notes |
| Bengali | Kanyadaan কন্যাদান | 7 December 2020 | Sun Bangla | 5 February 2023 | Inspired |
| Malayalam | Kanyadanam കന്യാദാനം | 23 August 2021 | Surya TV | Ongoing | Remake |
| Telugu | Kanyadanam కన్యాదానం | 20 September 2021 | Gemini TV | 21 January 2023 | Remake |
| Marathi | Kanyadan कन्यादान | 17 October 2021 | Sun Marathi | 4 May 2024 | Remake |
| Kannada | Kanyaadaana ಕನ್ಯಾದಾನ | 15 November 2021 | Udaya TV | 18 May 2024 | Remake |
| Hindi | Aangan - Aapno Kaa आँगन-अपनों का | 11 December 2023 | Sony SAB | 8 June 2024 | Remake |
# Kovanluk (Merošina)

Kovanluk is a village situated in Merošina municipality in Serbia.
# Ronchi ruling

A Ronchi ruling, Ronchi grating, or Ronchi mask, named after the Italian physicist Vasco Ronchi, is a constant-interval bar and space square-wave optical target or mask. The design produces a precisely patterned light source by reflection or illumination, or a stop pattern by transmission, with precise uniformity, spatial frequency, sharp edge definition, and high contrast ratio.

## Manufacturing

Ronchi rulings are typically manufactured through photolithographic deposition of metallic chromium on a substrate, which yields a precise, nearly 100% contrast pattern. For a reflective or illuminated type, dark stripes are printed on a diffusely reflecting or translucent substrate, such as a square of white ceramic material or opal glass. For a transmissive type, opaque stripes are printed on a transparent glass substrate. A transmissive type may be readily modified to act as an illuminated type by stacking a reflective object behind it.

## Applications

A test target in the Ronchi pattern provides a precise signal for testing resolution, contrast, distortion, aberrations, and diffraction in optical imaging systems. In constructing telescope mirrors, the Ronchi test procedure evaluates the quality of the surface figure and provides guidance on refining the figure. The ruled divisions in a linear encoder are in the form of Ronchi ruling, which provides the basic precision of the measurements.
A single Ronchi device provides a pattern that is periodic in one dimension. Stacking a pair of Ronchi transmission elements produces a two-dimensional array of periodic rectangular or rhomboidal apertures. By varying the translation, rotation, and chosen frequency of one element against the other, a wide assortment of laboratory test patterns can be generated with the paired arrangement.
Telescopic focusing aids such as the Bahtinov mask consist of multiple adjacent Ronchi transmission stop patterns. Inserting a Ronchi mask in the entrance aperture produces diffraction effects in the image, which visibly change with the focusing condition.
# Álvaro Benito

Álvaro Benito Villar (born 10 December 1976) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a left midfielder, currently vocalist/guitarist of Rock bands Pignoise and Chicle.

## Club career

Born in Salamanca, Castile and León, Benito emerged through Real Madrid's youth ranks, making his senior debut not yet aged 18 with the C team. He progressed to the reserves the following year.
Benito was relatively used by the main squad in the 1995–96 season, and contributed seven matches the following campaign as they were crowned La Liga champions. In November 1996, he suffered a severe knee injury from which he would never fully recover, undergoing three operations in only four months in 1998 in Pittsburgh, United States; he was involved in a car accident afterwards, which further curtailed his recovering process.
After one unassuming loan with CD Tenerife and another spell with Castilla, Benito was released by Real Madrid in summer 2002, joining city neighbours Getafe CF of Segunda División. He appeared rarely for his new club, again due to injury.
After retiring, Benito was in charge of several of Real's youth sides, starting with the Alevín B in 2015. He was dismissed in late February 2019, following criticism of the first team after a 0–3 home defeat against FC Barcelona in the semi-finals of the Copa del Rey on a radio show.

## International career

Benito won his only cap for the Spain under-21 side on 12 November 1996, coming on as a late substitute for FC Barcelona's Roger García in a 1–1 home draw against Slovakia for the 1998 UEFA European Championship qualifiers, but being stretchered off shortly after with a serious injury that all but ended his career.

## Musical career

During his rehabilitation period, Benito started playing guitar and writing songs, going on to put together a band, Pignoise. The group, which also featured another former footballer, Héctor Polo (Real Zaragoza, Rayo Vallecano), eventually used many of the songs he composed prior to its creation.
Currently, Benito is also vocalist/guitarrist of hard rock-band Chicle.

## Honours

Real Madrid
* La Liga: 1996–97
Spain U16
* UEFA European Under-16 Championship runner-up: 1992
# 1967 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team

The 1967 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team represented Texas Technological College—now known as Texas Tech University—as a member of the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1967 NCAA University Division football season. In their seventh season under head coach J. T. King, the Red Raiders compiled a 6–4 record (5–2 against conference opponents), finished in second place in the SWC, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 217 to 165. The team's statistical leaders included Joe Matulich with 507 passing yards, Mike Leinert with 689 rushing yards, and Larry Gilbert with 491 receiving yards. The team played its home games at Clifford B. & Audrey Jones Stadium.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 23 | Iowa State* | | Jones StadiumLubbock, TX | W 52–0 | 30,328 |
| September 28 | at No. 8 Texas | | Memorial StadiumAustin, TX (rivalry) | W 19–13 | 66,000 |
| October 7 | Mississippi State* | No. 10 | Jones StadiumLubbock, TX | L 3–7 | 39,000 |
| October 12 | Texas A&M | | Jones StadiumLubbock, TX (rivalry) | L 24–28 | 48,240 |
| October 21 | at Florida State* | | Doak Campbell StadiumTallahassee, FL | L 12–28 | 33,179 |
| October 28 | at SMU | | Cotton BowlDallas, TX | W 21–7 | 34,000 |
| November 4 | Rice | | Jones StadiumLubbock, TX | W 24–10 | 45,150 |
| November 11 | at TCU | | Amon G. Carter StadiumFort Worth, TX (rivalry) | L 0–16 | 23,428 |
| November 18 | Baylor | | Jones StadiumLubbock, TX (rivalry) | W 31–29 | 34,000 |
| November 25 | at Arkansas | | War Memorial StadiumLittle Rock, AR (rivalry) | W 31–27 | 40,000 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game |||||||