# Jargalant, Bayankhongor

Jargalant (Mongolian: Жаргалант) is a sum of Bayankhongor Province in southern Mongolia. Jargalant is also called Baidrag (Mongolian: Байдраг). The sum is bordered by Zag to the west; Gurvanbulag to the northwest; Khangai, Arkhangai province; Chuluut sum to the northeast; Galuut, and Bömbögör sum to the east and south. The northern edge of the district contains parts of the Untaa Yamaat mountain range, the eastern section contains the Egi pass, the southern border is 2.7 km south of the south shore of Davsan lake, and the western border is the Zag river. It is further divided into 4 bag, the Nam Tolgoi bag the Ulziit Heights bag, the Crossing Spring team, and the Emeel Togol bag.

## History

According to Resolution No. 17 of 31 March 1942, Zag Sum of Bayankhongor province was divided into 2 sums, and Jargalant Sum was established. According to the decree, Jargalant sum was transferred from Zag sum to 6 bag(administrative subdivision of sum) and Mandal sum to 1 bag to form 7 bag.
On 8 February 1942, the first meeting of Sum's workers was held with 30 people from 6 bags(administrative subdivision of sum)), 29 men and 1 woman, and the administration of Sum was formed with 7 members. Balgany Batchuluun nicknamed Bundgan was elected as the head of Sum and Demberel of Sodnombaljir was appointed as the secretary. Sum was organized into 8 bag, and the center of the sum was located behind Gyalankhai Mountain in a place called Khundlen Bulag, where there were the Nursing Department of the Hospital, the Department of Consumers' Cooperative, and the Sum administration. Z. Terbish and Ch. Tserendorj worked as managers of the Red House. In 1944, the handicraft artel moved from Zag Sum and concentrated in Sum.
When Jargalant Sum was first established, it had 583 households, 1914 inhabitants, and 75790 livestock. At the end of December 1942, Lug Ravdan was appointed as the head of the Party cell, in March 1943, Chimed Baljingin was appointed as the head of the Mongolian Revolutionary Youth Union, and in April 1943, Tserendorj was appointed as a junior veterinarian. In May 1943, a literacy group of 16 people was established with teacher Horoldamba, and in 1946, a primary school was established with S. Choijil as the principal.
In 1944, the Artel of Handicrafts, in 1947 the Dairy Factory, in 1953 the "Shine Amidral" collective with 12 families, 16 members and 455 head of livestock (the head is Delger, a partisan of the People's Revolution), and in 1955 the Union branch was established. In 1957, Orgil was established at the mouth of Khokh Engeri (head: A. Luvsandamba) and Tsetseg collective (Head: V. Gombojav) was established in Khokh Nuur.
In 1956-1957, the "Khukh nuurin tsetseg" group was established in Nuurii Iher rud, the "Orgil" group in the Ulaan Stone terrace of the Aegean Pass, and the "Shine Amidral" group in Khovii mouth, and then in 1959, they were united as the "Shine Amidral" group.
Chuluunbaatar, S. Sunduijav and Namjildorj worked as the heads of the newly merged union. Before 1959, the head of the sum and the head of the union were separate. After 1959, the head of the sum was given the authority to do business, and one person worked as the head of the union.
According to the previous division, Mandal and Baidrag are in the area of the 1st bag, Tsohiot, Khondolnbulag in the 2nd bag, Narij Teel, Ulziit Mod in the 3rd bag, Ortun Teel, Hetsuugin Ovar, Modot Orgiu, Ar Amud, and Bayan trees in the 4th bag, in the area of the 5th team, the area north of the river from Shavart Bay to Khergesti, in the 6th bag, from the tip of Yargait to Namy Dava, including Tavankushant and Armanushant, in the bag, Nuur Hatavc, in the 8th bag, from Khankhry Am to Gyalankhai the area in front of the river.
On April 18, 1957, by the Resolution No. 214 of the Council of Ministers of the Mongolian People's Republic, it was decided to relocate the Aldarkhaan farm in Zavkhan province, and according to the proposal of the commission appointed by the Council of Ministers, the borders of Zag, Jargalant, Mandal and Galuut sums were settled in the Baidrag river. It is called Baida fund farming.
4 years later, by Resolution No. 229 of the Council of Ministers dated May 17, 1961, the Baidra farm was changed to a breeding and feeding station serving Bayankhongor and Gobi-Altai provinces from June 1, 1961. will be subordinated to the Ministry of Economy.
In January 1962, the sum center moved and merged with Baidar Fund Farming, and was located in Emeel Togol's lap. Telecommunications, gas stations, pharmacies, workers' clubs, auto garages and other industrial offices worked.
In 1977, it was built and equipped with the funds of more than 70 million MNT of the Soviet Union and became a modern comfort center. At that time, the breeding center had a school building for 10 years, a kindergarten with a nursery, hot water for 10 people in one shift, a repair shop with the capacity to repair 25 tractors a year, a steam boiler with eight pots, a power plant with a capacity of 400 kW, and a clean sewage system. In addition to the construction of buildings such as the system, 60 family shelters, and a hospital in the middle of the river, in the center of the three animal husbandry brigades, there are red bays, offices, power stations, hot water, electric wells, apartments for 4-8 families, treatment, feeding stations, fences, and livestock. facilities such as washing baths were built, 50 fences with a capacity of 600 female sheep each worth 340 thousand MNT, 24 fences for male cattle, 80 swimming pools, 17 electric and drilled wells were built and used with the funds of the council.
The main production of stock farming was breeding livestock, and 80 percent of all livestock was small livestock. Farming for the preparation of fodder for farm animals, with a total rotation area of 11,000 hectares, and fodder cultivation on 7,500 hectares.

## Geography and statistics

Jargalant Sum has a territory of 417453 thousand hectares. There is a border resolution approved by Resolution No. 75 dated April 4, 1977 by Mongolian People's Republic. Out of this, there are 1220 hectares of land in towns and villages, 413096 hectares of agricultural land, 263 hectares of road network land, 1581 hectares of forest land, 1291 hectares of reservoir land, and 2 hectares of State protected land.
BASIC POPULATION SURVEY 2015-2021 :
| Year | Resident numbers | Town area | Rural area | Households |
| 2015 | 2,835 | 635 | 2,200 | 905 |
| 2016 | 2,862 | 640 | 2,222 | 907 |
| 2017 | 2,963 | 619 | 2,344 | 936 |
| 2018 | 2,908 | 604 | 2,379 | 938 |
| 2019 | 2,901 | 586 | 2,315 | 905 |
| 2020 | 2,950 | 592 | 2,358 | 849 |
| 2021 | 2,950 | no data | no data | 847 |
Livestock statistics :
| Livestocks | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
| Horse | 10,106 | 10,097 | 12,584 | 13,396 | 14,609 | 14,436 | 12,933 |
| Camel | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 4 |
| Cow | 25,017 | 24,986 | 28,844 | 30,217 | 32,273 | 33,854 | 30,657 |
| Sheep | 60,815 | 60,356 | 71,425 | 70,096 | 71,898 | 69,182 | 52,873 |
| Goat | 46,428 | 45,929 | 54,053 | 54,070 | 58,723 | 54,979 | 40,557 |
| Total | 142,369 | 141,371 | 166,910 | 167,784 | 177,510 | 172,458 | 137,024 |

### Geography

The soil structure of the mountainous area is dark brown, brown, dark brown, brown, alluvial meadow soil in the valley between the mountains. According to the nature, climate and surface, there are 3 groups of soil: mountain, plain and river basin soil.
A total of 166 water points were counted in Jargalant according to the 2020 water census.
Among them: 51 springs, 10 lakes, 23 deep drilling wells, 20 ordinary mining wells, 53 streams, 3 springs, 1 spring, 3 boreholes, and 2 bridges. The PH of the springs is 6.4-8.6 /with a neutral or slightly alkaline environment/.

## Administrative divisions

The district is divided into four bags, which are:
* Emeel Tolgoi
* Khundlun Bulag
* Namtolgoi
* Ulziit-Undur

## Natural attractions

Binderya lake is one of the most beautiful places in the province, located 70 km northwest of the center of Sum. It has a good supply of fresh water, fish, and is surrounded by forests. Along the lake basin, willow, poplar, sedge, reticulate trees grow, aromatic herbs such as juniper shield, onions, sedges, sedum, dog's beak, golden weld, and medicinal herbs grow.
From Bayan mountain, on the west side are Guagy mouth, Chuluut, Tsagaan syr, Mandal river basin, on the left side are West, East Buets, Buroig Valley, Camel neck, Modot, Aguit, Tsagaan Denj, Anag, Gozgor Shil. The branch of the ridge lies across the mountains. From an altitude of 2950 meters above sea level.
* Baidrag Valley in 2016