OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gazi Yaşargil

Mahmut Gazi Yaşargil (born 6 July 1925) is a Turkish medical scientist and neurosurgeon. He collaborated with Raymond M. P. Donaghy M.D at the University of Vermont in developing microneurosurgery. Yaşargil treated epilepsy and brain tumours with instruments of his own design. From 1953 until his retirement in 1993 he was first resident, chief resident and then professor and chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zurich and the Zurich University Hospital. In 1999 he was honored as "Neurosurgery’s Man of the Century 1950–1999" at the Congress of Neurological Surgeons Annual Meeting. He is a founding member of Eurasian Academy. He is regarded as one of the greatest neurosurgeons in the modern age.

## Education and career

He was born in Lice, Turkey. After attending Ankara Atatürk Lisesi and Ankara University between 1931 and 1943, he went to Germany to study medicine at the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany. His genius in developing microsurgical techniques for use in cerebrovascular neurosurgery transformed the outcomes of patients with conditions that were previously inoperable. In 1969 Yaşargil became associate professor and in 1973 professor and chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zurich succeeding his mentor, Prof. Krayenbuhl. Over the next 20 years, he carried out laboratory work and clinical applications of micro techniques, performing 7500 intracranial operations in Zurich until his retirement in 1993. In 1994, Yaşargil accepted an appointment as Professor of Neurosurgery at the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in Little Rock where he is still active in the practice of micro-neurosurgery, research, and teaching.
Together with Harvey Cushing, Yaşargil is hailed as one of the greatest neurosurgeons of the twentieth century. He has helped three generations of neurosurgeons, defining what is possible in neurosurgery, and then demonstrating how to achieve it. In the micro-neurosurgical anatomical laboratory in Zurich he trained around 3000 colleagues from all continents and representing all surgical specialties. He participated in several hundred national and international neurosurgical congresses, symposia, and courses as an invited guest. Yaşargil is in high regard in the Turkish society and is respected as an exemplary role model for Turkish youth.
He is married to Dianne Bader-Gibson Yaşargil, who was the nurse in charge of the operating suite by his side since 1973.

## Publications

Yaşargil published his surgical experiences in 330 papers and 13 monographs. The six-volume publication Microneurosurgery (1984–1996, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart & New York) is the comprehensive review of his broad experiences and a major contribution to the neurosurgery literature.

## Membership

* President of the Neurosurgical Society of Switzerland (1973–1975)

## Awards

* Marcel Benoist Prize (1975)
* State Medal of Distinguished Service (2000)
# Tsutomu Koyama

Tsutomu Koyama (小山 勉, Koyama Tsutomu) (July 26, 1936 – July 2, 2012) was a Japanese volleyball player. He was a member of the Men's National Volleyball Team that claimed the bronze medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. He later served as the head coach of the Men's National Team.
Koyama died on July 2, 2012, of esophageal cancer, aged 75.
# Daulat Khan (Reagent)

Daulat Khan formerly known as Daulatrao Nimbalkar was reagent of Mohammed Adil Shah who entitled him as Khawas Khan. He was initially a favourite slave of Ibrahim Adil Shah II to whom he assigned the task of making Mohammed Adil Shah the ruler of Sultanate of Bijapur. He became a de–facto/Reagent of Mohammed Adil Shah establishing a dictatorship for about seven years until he was assassinated in late 1635.

## Background

Ibrahim Adil Shah II had a favorite servant of Maratha origin called Daulatyar/Daulatrao, whom he promoted to the rank of Daulat Khan and made the commandant of the capital. Ibrahim directed Daulat Khan to see that his second son, Mohammed Adil Shah, succeeded him shortly before his death. When Ibrahim died on 12 September 1627, Daulat Khan implemented this instruction and ensured Mohammed's succession. In order to kill any potential competition, he commanded the blinding of the oldest prince, Darvish, and mutilation of the two youngest princes.

## Regin

Daulat Khan, subsequently referred to as Khawas Khan, ruled Bijapur as its regent and de facto ruler. His policy, as that of his previous master, was to assist the Nizam Shahi kingdom as an important buffer against the Mughal menace. For this purpose, both Adil Shah and his vizier ignored many acts of ingratitude and hostility on the part of the Nizam Shahi rulers, time and again extending to them military aid, money, and provisions whenever they were invaded by the Mughals.
Mustafa Khan, Bijapur noble and adversary of Khawas Khan, was the sole courtier to favor an alliance with the Mughals to partition the Nizam Shahi dynasty's territories. Following almost seven years of de facto domination and dictatorship, Khawas Khan's incompetence, arrogance, and ambition created civil unrest inside the state. Khawas Khan suddenly imprisoned Mustafa Khan in Belgaum, further escalating tensions. Dissatisfied nobles who were jealous of Khawas Khan and his intimate friend Murari were goaded by the king to move against him. They insisted that Murari be removed, as he was generally unpopular. But Khawas Khan stood firm, intensifying the crisis further.

## Death

A civil war broke out after these incidents. Khawas appealed to Shah Jahan, sending his ambassador, Shaikh Muhiuddin Dabir, to Agra. In the meantime, his opponents gathered at Gulbarga under Randaula Khan, who was subsequently joined by Raihan of Sholapur. Khawas's principal army under Murari was sent to crush Raghu Pandit. But after fighting Raghu at Dewalgaon, Murari's army was defeated decisively, and he had to take shelter with the Naikwar of Dharur.
In retaliation, Adil Shah ordered his petition-bearer, an Abyssinian by the name of Siddi Raihan (not to be confused with Malik Raihan, governor of Sholapur), to kill Khawas. Late in 1635, while Khawas was departing from the court, conspirators stabbed him to death. Although injured, he was carried to his home, where assailants subsequently broke in and beheaded him. After his death, Mustafa Khan, who had held the title of Wazir nominally throughout Khawas's reign, was released and restored as the chief minister.
# Kuratowski's closure-complement problem

In point-set topology, Kuratowski's closure-complement problem asks for the largest number of distinct sets obtainable by repeatedly applying the set operations of closure and complement to a given starting subset of a topological space. The answer is 14. This result was first published by Kazimierz Kuratowski in 1922. It gained additional exposure in Kuratowski's fundamental monograph Topologie (first published in French in 1933; the first English translation appeared in 1966) before achieving fame as a textbook exercise in John L. Kelley's 1955 classic, General Topology.

## Proof

Letting $S$ denote an arbitrary subset of a topological space, write $kS$ for the closure of $S$, and $cS$ for the complement of $S$. The following three identities imply that no more than 14 distinct sets are obtainable:
* $kkS=kS$. (The closure operation is idempotent.)
* $ccS=S$. (The complement operation is an involution.)
* $kckckckcS=kckcS$. (Or equivalently $kckckckS=kckckckccS=kckS$, using identity (2)).
The first two are trivial. The third follows from the identity $kikiS=kiS$ where $iS$ is the interior of $S$ which is equal to the complement of the closure of the complement of $S$, $iS=ckcS$. (The operation $ki=kckc$ is idempotent.)
A subset realizing the maximum of 14 is called a 14-set. The space of real numbers under the usual topology contains 14-sets. Here is one example:
    $(0,1)\cup (1,2)\cup \{3\}\cup {\bigl[4,5]\cap \mathbb {Q} {\bigr )},$
where $(1,2)$ denotes an open interval and $[4,5]$ denotes a closed interval. Let $X$ denote this set. Then the following 14 sets are accessible:
* $X$, the set shown above.
* $cX=(-\infty ,0]\cup \{1\}\cup [2,3)\cup (3,4)\cup {\bigl(4,5)\setminus \mathbb {Q} {\bigr )}\cup (5,\infty )$
* $kcX=(-\infty ,0]\cup \{1\}\cup [2,\infty )$
* $ckcX=(0,1)\cup (1,2)$
* $kckcX=[0,2]$
* $ckckcX=(-\infty ,0)\cup (2,\infty )$
* $kckckcX=(-\infty ,0]\cup [2,\infty )$
* $ckckckcX=(0,2)$
* $kX=[0,2]\cup \{3\}\cup [4,5]$
* $ckX=(-\infty ,0)\cup (2,3)\cup (3,4)\cup (5,\infty )$
* $kckX=(-\infty ,0]\cup [2,4]\cup [5,\infty )$
* $ckckX=(0,2)\cup (4,5)$
* $kckckX=[0,2]\cup [4,5]$
* $ckckckX=(-\infty ,0)\cup (2,4)\cup (5,\infty )$

## Further results

Despite its origin within the context of a topological space, Kuratowski's closure-complement problem is actually more algebraic than topological. A surprising abundance of closely related problems and results have appeared since 1960, many of which have little or nothing to do with point-set topology.
The closure-complement operations yield a monoid that can be used to classify topological spaces.
# Coral Reef Senior High School

Coral Reef Senior High School is a secondary school located at 10101 S.W. 152nd Street in Richmond Heights, Florida, United States. The principal is Nicole Bergé-MacInnes. Coral Reef is locally known as "Miami's Mega Magnet School" since it offers six different magnet programs.
According to Newsweek's list of the 1,000 Top U.S. Schools in 2008, the school was ranked 19th in the nation, making it 4th in the state of Florida at the time. In 2007, 2006 and 2005, it ranked 22nd, 29th and 13th, respectively. This ranking is based on a ratio devised by Jay Mathews, which takes the number of Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate tests taken by all students at a school in that school year and divides it by the number of graduating seniors. Coral Reef was ranked #134 of all high schools in the nation in 2010.

## History

The school does not primarily serve the surrounding neighborhoods, but instead takes applications from middle school students all over the county. Selection is done via a lottery system for all magnet programs except for Visual & Performing Arts, for which acceptance is based on ability; students must audition for this program. Most students living around the Coral Reef area attend Miami Palmetto Senior High School or Miami Killian Senior High School.
Coral Reef has received an "A" grade for its performance on the FCAT examination on ten occasions since the annual test was first administered in 1998.
Coral Reef has three publications: the newspaper, Baitline; the yearbook, Tsunami; and the literary magazine, Elysium. The newspaper is published monthly while, the yearbook and literary magazine are published annually. The daily morning newscast, CRTV Live (originally known as Cudavision, and later adapted to include the channel number as Cudavision 21), airs on closed-circuit channel 21.
Coral Reef has six magnets: International Baccalaureate, Health Sciences, Business & Finance, Legal & Public Affairs, Agriscience & Engineering Technology, and Visual & Performing Arts.

## Athletics

In the 2019-2020 marching season, the Barracuda Marching Band won straight superiors at the Marching Band Music Performance Assessment with their show "Storms of Africa" by Gary P. Gilroy and Shawn Glyde.
In the 2021-2022 school year, the Barracuda Band won the Otto J. Kraushaar Award for achieving straight superiors at the Marching Band Music Performance Assessment with their show "Pirates!" by Gary P. Gilroy and Shawn Glyde, straight superiors at the District Concert Band Music Performance Assessment, and straight superiors at the State Concert Band Music Performance Assessment.

## Demographics

Coral Reef is 49% Hispanic (of any race), 31% White non-Hispanic, 25% Black, 5% Asian, and 5% other races.

## Notable people
### Alumni

* Jessica Darrow, actress/singer, Disney’s Encanto
* JD Natasha, singer

### Faculty

* David Menasche, author
# List of people named Alcon from classical myth

The name Alcon (/ˈælkɒn/; Ancient Greek: Ἄλκων) or Alco can refer to a number of people from classical mythology:
* Alcon, a Laconian prince as the son of King Hippocoon, usurper of Tyndareus. He was one of the hunters of the Calydonian Boar. Alcon was killed, together with his father and brothers, by Heracles, and had a heroon at Sparta.
* Alcon, a son of Erechtheus, king of Athens, and father of Phalerus the Argonaut. Gaius Valerius Flaccus represents him as such a skillful archer that once, when a serpent had entwined his son, he shot the serpent without hurting his child. Virgil mentions an Alcon, whom Servius calls a Cretan, and of whom Servius relates almost the same story as that which Valerius Flaccus ascribes to Alcon, the son of Erechtheus.
* Alcon, son of Abas, king of the Abantes in Euboea and thus, brother to Arethousa and Dias. He may also be a brother to Canethus and Chalcodon, father of Elephenor.
* Alcon, a son of Ares, and another one of the hunters of the Calydonian Boar, according to Hyginus.
* Another Alcon is mentioned by Ovid as a craftsman who made a wonderful mixing bowl given to Aeneas by Anius king of Delos.
* Another, otherwise unknown personage, of the same name occurs in Cicero.
# Steven Hall (author)

Steven Hall (born 1975 in Derbyshire) is a British writer. He is the author of The Raw Shark Texts, lead writer of the video game Battlefield 1, and writer on Nike's World Cup short film The Last Game.
His debut novel, The Raw Shark Texts won the 2008 Somerset Maugham Award and a 2007 Borders Original Voices Award, and was shortlisted for the 2008 Arthur C. Clarke Award. The book has been translated into 29 different languages, and a screenplay for a film adaptation has been written by Simon Beaufoy (Slumdog Millionaire).
Hall has written for Granta Magazine and Lonely Planet. He has also written scripts for Doctor Who radio dramas and was the lead writer for the video games Crysis 3, Ryse: Son of Rome, Battlefield 1, and Battlefield V.
In 2007, Hall was named as one of Waterstone's "25 Authors for the Future". In 2010, Hall was named as one of the best 20 novelists under 40 by The Daily Telegraph. In 2013, Hall was named as one of Granta′s Best of Young British Novelists 2013 out of 20 novelists listed in total.

## Works
### Novels

* The Raw Shark Texts (2007)
* Maxwell's Demon (2021)

### Short stories

* "Stories for a Phone Book," in New Writing 13 (2005)
* "Ten Tickets," in "A Couple of Stops (Light Transit)" (2006)
* "What I Think About When I Think About Robots," in Granta 109: Work (2010)
* "The End of Endings," in Granta 123: Best of Young British Novelists 4 (2013)

### Computer games

* Crysis 3 (2013)
* Ryse: Son of Rome (2013)
* Battlefield 1 (2016)
* Battlefield V (2018)

### Radio plays

* "The Word Lord," in Doctor Who: Forty-Five (2008)
* Doctor Who: A Death in the Family (2010)

### Advertising

* The Last Game for Nike (2014)

## Awards and prizes

* Waterstones 25 authors for the Future (2007)
* Borders Original Voices Award (2007) for The Raw Shark Texts
* Somerset Maugham Award (2008) for The Raw Shark Texts
* Granta Best of Young British Novelists (2013)
# Cordova (surname)

Cordova or Córdova is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrés Córdova (1892–1983), President of Ecuador (1939–1940)
* Aquiles Córdova Morán (born 1941), Mexican politician
* Arturo de Córdova (1908–1973), Mexican film actor
* Carmen Córdova (1929–2011), Argentine architect and academic administrator
* Cristina Córdova (born 1976), American sculptor
* Dante Córdova (born 1943), Peruvian lawyer and politician
* David Córdova (born 1984), Chilean footballer
* Delia Córdova (1956–2016), Peruvian volleyball player
* Elle Cordova (born 1988), American folk musician, also known as Reina del Cid
* Emilio Córdova (born 1991), Peruvian chess player
* Félix Córdova Dávila (1878–1938), Puerto Rican politician and judge
* France A. Córdova (born 1947), American astrophysicist and university administrator
* Francisco Córdova (disambiguation), multiple people
* Franco Cordova (born 1944), Italian footballer
* Frederick de Cordova (1910–2001), American stage, motion picture and television director and producer
* Gonzalo Córdova (1863–1928), President of Ecuador (1924–1925)
* Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (1453–1515), Spanish general
* Héctor Larios Córdova (born 1954), Mexican politician
* Hendry Córdova (born 1984), Honduran footballer
* Hugo Córdova, Bolivian chess player
* Inés Córdova (1927–2010), Bolivian artist
* Ismael Cruz Córdova (born 1987), Puerto Rican actor
* Jacob De Cordova (1808–1868), British-American businessman and politician
* Jair Córdova (born 1996), Peruvian footballer
* Jeanne Córdova (1948–2016), American activist and writer
* Jorge Cordova (disambiguation), multiple people
* José Ángel Córdova (born 1953), Mexican politician
* José María Córdova (1799–1829), Colombian general and national hero
* Juan Córdova (born 1995), Canadian soccer player
* Juan de Córdova (1503–1595), Spanish Dominican linguist
* Julio Córdova (1911–1986), Chilean footballer
* Lorenzo Córdova Vianello (born 1972), Mexican political scientist and academic
* Luis de Córdova y Córdova (1706–1796), Spanish admiral
* Manuel Córdova-Rios (1887–1978), Peruvian herbalist and author
* Margarita Cordova (born 1939), American dancer and actor
* Marty Cordova (born 1969), American baseball player
* Marvin Cordova Jr. (born 1985), American boxer
* Melquisedet Angulo Córdova (1979–2009), Mexican military officer
* Natalia Cordova-Buckley (born 1982), Mexican-American actress
* Nicolás Córdova (born 1979), Chilean footballer
* Nivardo Córdova Salinas (born 1969), Peruvian journalist
* Othón Cuevas Córdova (1965–2020), Mexican politician
* Pancho Córdova (1916–1990), Mexican actor
* Roberto Suazo Córdova (1927–2018), Honduran politician
* Ronald Cordova (born 1946), American politician and lawyer
* Samuel Córdova (born 1989), Mexican volleyball player
* Sebastián Córdova (born 1997), Mexican footballer
* Sergio Córdova (born 1997), Venezuelan footballer
* William Cordova (born 1969), American artist
* Yamilé Córdova (born 1972), Cuban tennis player
* Yasodara Córdova (born 1980), Brazilian programmer and activist
# Cativolcus

Cativolcus or Catuvolcus (died 53 BC) was king of half of the country of the Eburones, a people between the Meuse and Rhine rivers, united with Ambiorix, the other king, in the insurrection against the Romans in 54 BC; but when Julius Caesar in the next year proceeded to devastate the territories of the Eburones, Cativolcus, who was advanced in age and unable to endure the labours of war and flight, poisoned himself with a yew, after imprecating curses upon Ambiorix.

## Name

The Gaulish personal name Catu-uolcos ('war-falcon, battle-hawk') is a compound formed with the stem catu- ('battle') attached to uolcos ('falcon, hawk'). The Eburonian name has an exact parallel in the Middle Welsh cadwalch ('hero, champion, warrior'), both stemming from a Proto-Celtic form *katuwolkos. It is cognate with the Gaulish ethnonym Volcae.
# Coimbatore–Rameswaram Express

Coimbatore–Rameswaram express (Train Nos 16617/16618) is an express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore city Junction and Rameswaram. The train made its inaugural run on 17 September 2013.

## History

This train is mainly introduce to compensate the Coimbatore Rameswaram daily Meter Gauge express via Madurai, Pollachi since this train has been discontinued due to gauge conversion of dindigul-pollachi line. Though gauge conversion completed, it never restored till date (but ran as a limited run festival special train after gauge conversion for a period of 1 month). So this train(16617/16618) will run to compensate the Meter Gauge express.
This train was initially operated as a summer special service from April to June 2012 on Saturdays and Sundays in the number 06010 and 06009 by using the lie over rakes of Kongu Express. But during regularisation of this summer special service, Rajkot express lie-over rakes were allotted due to which the weekend service has been turned into week days service.
Several stoppages has been removed for this train after COVID lockdown run but only Sivaganga stoppage alone provided again after restoration of regular service from COVID special service.

## Service and schedule

The train starts on Tuesdays from Coimbatore and on Wednesdays from Rameswaram, covering the total distance of 507.5 kilometres (315.3 mi) in approximately 12 hours.

## Route and stations

This train passes through 14 intermediate stations including Erode, Karur, Tiruchirappalli, Pudukkottai, Karaikkudi, Devakottai Road, Sivaganga and Manamadurai. Previously this train also had stoppages at Kallal, Chettinad and Kodumudi.

## Rake composition

This train shares its rake with Coimbatore Rajkot Express
* 1 AC II tier
* 3 AC III tier
* 14 sleeper coaches
* 2 general
* 2 second-class luggage/parcel van
| Loco | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
| | GRD | GEN | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 | S9 | S10 | S11 | S12 | S13 | S14 | B1 | B2 | B3 | A1 | GEN | GRD |
# Richard Graham

Richard, Rich, Richie, Ricky or Dick Graham may refer to:

## Law and politics

* Sir Richard Graham, 1st Baronet (1583–1654), English Member of Parliament for Carlisle
* Richard Graham, 1st Viscount Preston (1648–1695), British politician and diplomat
* Richard Graham (politician) (born 1958), British MP for Gloucester

## Sports

* Dick Graham (1922–2013), English footballer
* Richard Graham (rugby union, born 1889), Irish rugby union player
* Ricky Graham (born 1946), Australian rules footballer
* Richard Graham (rugby union) (born 1972), Australian rugby union coach
* Richard Graham (footballer, born 1974), English football defender, primarily for Oldham Athletic
* Richard Graham (footballer, born 1979), Northern Ireland footballer

## Others

* Richie Graham (1555–1606), English border raider
* Richard Graeme (fl. 1600s), Anglo-Irish soldier, often known by this spelling
* Richard Robert Graham (1735–1816), British apothecary to King George I and George II
* Richard Dalziel Graham (died 1920), British educator, author, artist and printer
* Richard Alton Graham (1920–2007), American civic leader; founding officer of the National Organization for Women
* Richard Graham (historian) (born 1934), Brazilian-American historian
* Richard Graham (actor) (born 1960), English actor
* Richard H. Graham (fl. 2000s–2010s), American Evangelical Lutheran bishop