OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chuck Wiger

Charles W. "Chuck" Wiger Sr. (/ˈwiːɡər/ WEE-ger; born September 14, 1951) is a Minnesota politician and former member of the Minnesota Senate. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), he represented District 43, which includes parts of Ramsey and Washington counties in the northeastern Twin Cities metropolitan area.

## Early life, education, and career

Wiger graduated magna cum laude from Hamline University in Saint Paul in 1974 and earned his J.D. from the Hamline University School of Law in 1977. In 1993 he attended graduate school at the School for Institution Management at the University of Colorado in Boulder.
Wiger has been active in Ramsey County and metropolitan government. He was a member of the Metropolitan Council from 1983 to 1989. He is a former chair and member of the Ramsey County Soil and Water Conservation District. He was a member of the Ramsey County Parks and Recreation Commission and a liaison to the Metropolitan Parks and Open Space Commission. He is an attorney and a writer by profession.

## Minnesota Senate

Wiger was first elected to the Senate in 1996 and has been reelected in every subsequent election.
As of 2021, he serves on the following committees:
* Capital Investment
* Local Government Policy
* Veterans and Military Affairs Finance and Policy
* Education Finance and Policy
His special legislative concerns include education, economic development, the environment, and water sustainability.

## Personal life

Wiger has actively served the education community in his area. He was the founding chair of the North St. Paul-Maplewood-Oakdale Community Education Board, and served on the board from 1973 to 1990. He was also founding chair of the East Communities Youth Service Bureau, and served as a director for Northeast Metropolitan Intermediate School District 916.
His is the father of five children; one of whom is Carolyn Wiger, a reality television contestant who competed on Survivor 44 and on the third season of The Traitors.
# Langenfeld (Rheinland) station

Langenfeld (Rheinland) station is located in the city of Langenfeld in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is on the Cologne–Duisburg line and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 5 station. It is served by Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn lines S 6 every 20 minutes and by a few services of S 68 (which start or finish in Langenfeld) in the peak hour.

## Services

Currently, the station is served by two S-Bahn lines and seven bus routes.
# Linda Weiser Friedman

Linda Weiser Friedman (born 1953) is an author and academic. She is a Professor of Statistics and Computer Information Systems at Baruch College and the CUNY Graduate Center. Friedman holds a PhD in Operations Research from New York University Polytechnic School of Engineering and a B.A degree in Statistics / Biology from Baruch College. Her research and teaching interests are varied and include business statistics, object-oriented programming, humor studies, Jewish studies, online education, social media, and all things technology. Her most recent book is God Laughed: Sources of Jewish Humor (ISBN 9781412853767), which Publishers Weekly called a "lighthearted but thoughtful study". She also writes fiction and poetry, and lives in the Borough Park neighborhood of Brooklyn.

## Early life

Linda Weiser Friedman was born in New York City to Norman and Marion Weiser, and grew up in the Brooklyn neighborhoods of Crown Heights and Midwood. She attended Crown Heights Yeshiva (when it was still located at 310 Crown St.) and Esther Schoenfeld High School (in the Lower East Side). She married Hershey H. Friedman in 1972; they have five adult children.

## Books

* Hershey H. Friedman and Linda Weiser Friedman, God Laughed: Sources of Jewish Humor, Transaction Publishers, 2014.ISBN 9781412853767
* Linda Weiser Friedman, The Simulation Metamodel, Kluwer Academic, Norwell, Massachusetts, 1996. ISBN 0792396480
* Linda Weiser Friedman, Comparative Programming Languages: Generalizing the Programming Function. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1991. ISBN 0131554824
* Deadly Stakes, coauthored with Hershey H. Friedman under the pseudonym H. Fred Wiser, Walker Publishing, 1989. ISBN 0802757324
# Deo Nath Yadav

Deo Nath Yadav is an Indian politician and member of the Samajwadi Party. Yadav was a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from the Phulparas constituency in Madhubani district.
# Sanjay Malhotra

Sanjay Malhotra (born 14 February 1968) is an Indian bureaucrat who is serving as the current and 26th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) since 11 December 2024. An Indian Administrative Service (IAS) Officer of the 1990 Batch Rajasthan Cadre, Malhotra in his career has served in various positions.

## Early life and education

Malhotra was born in Bikaner, Rajasthan. He graduated with a Bachelor of Technology in computer science from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He then completed his Master's degree in Public policy from the Princeton University, United States. His father was an officer in the Border Security Force (BSF).

## Career

Malhotra's career in the Indian government's bureaucracy began in 2000, when was appointed as Private Secretary to a Union Minister. Before his appointment as Private Secretary, he served in various departments in Rajasthan. From 2003 to 2020, Malhotra worked in the Rajasthan government's departments of mines and minerals, information and broadcasting, finance, energy, and commercial taxation. Between 2003 and 2020, in an international posting, Malhotra was a project coordinator in the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO), where he held the rank of Deputy Secretary. From 2000 to 2003, Malhotra was Personal Secretary to the Minister of State for Space and the Minister of State for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. In 2020, he was appointed as the Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Power and he also served as the chairman and managing director of the Rural Electrification Corporation.
In February 2022, he was appointed Secretary of Financial Services in the Ministry of Finance and during his time in the position, he launched the initial public offering of the Life Insurance Corporation and was also a member of the board of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Malhotra was appointed Revenue Secretary in December 2022, and he implemented a new income tax regime during his time in the postion. On 11 December 2024, Malhotra was appointed Governor of the RBI.
# Draw plate

A draw plate is a type of die consisting of a hardened steel plate with one or more tapered holes through which wire is drawn to make it thinner. A typical plate will have twenty to thirty holes, so a wide range of diameters can be drawn.

## Drawing wire

Before drawing, the draw plate is held securely in a vise or other fixture. The plate is oriented so that the wider end of a tapered opening can receive a metal wire which is to be pulled through it.
Annealed soft, ductile wire is filed at one end to give it an initial taper. The tapered end is inserted into a tapered hole with a final diameter just smaller than its current width. Special pliers, called draw tongs are used to hold the tip of the wire and pull it through, sometimes with the aid of grease or wax as a lubricant. Small-diameter wire may be drawn manually, while very thick wire may require a drawing bench with a crank to produce enough force.
Typically, a wire can be drawn three times in sequence before it needs to be re-annealed. This must be done because drawing wire hardens it, which causes the wire to become brittle. Brittle wire that has not been annealed may snap during the drawing process (or develop microscopic or macroscopic cracks, which may weaken the piece or "grow" with further working).
With a mandrel, a draw plate can be used to draw tubes of metal. Plates are available in many different sizes and shapes for drawing different shapes of wire, including round, square, oval, half-round, and hexagonal.

## History

The origins of wire-drawing are uncertain. One of the earliest known written references to wire-making is Exodus 39:3, which suggests that gold was hammered into sheets, cut into strips, and then these strips were made into gold wire, but the precise technique is not clear. The oldest clear written descriptions of the method are the twelfth-century De diversis artibus by Theophilus Presbyter and the sixteenth-century De la pirotechnia by Vannoccio Biringuccio. As of 2023, the earliest known draw plates dated to around the sixth century.
# Jacques-Félix Brun

Jacques-Félix Brun, also known as Félix-Jacques Brun or simply Félix Brun (12 February 1763, Toulon - 28 February 1831, Toulon) was a French sculptor and designer.

## Biography

At a very early age, he entered the sculpture workshop at the Toulon arsenal, where he was trained by Antoine Gibert, the Chief Master Sculptor from 1763 to 1789. His talents were noted by the Intendant of the Navy and, in 1782, he was sent to study in Rome at the Académie de France for four years, at government expense. Under the direction of Jacques-Louis David, he was exposed to the Italian masters, and practiced sculpting in the ancient manner. Upon returning to Toulon, he was appointed a master sculptor. For the next thirty-five years, he worked on decorating 28 major vessels, as well as a number of smaller ships. In his later life, he was Director of the "École des Beaux-Arts de la Marine".
In 1796, he began a project to collect the wooden models of ships and their decorations, which were stored in the rope factory and various other places around the arsenal, and display them together at the workshop. In 1811, he created a list of the items and presented it to Charles Dupin, an officer of marine engineering, who convinced the newly appointed Maritime Prefect, Jean-Marthe-Adrien l'Hermite, to establish a permanent place for their display. As a result, in 1814, L'Hermite decreed the construction of what would become the Musée national de la Marine de Toulon [fr]; its management being entrusted to Dupin.
As most of Brun's sculptures were rendered in wood, the majority have disappeared. The Musée national is in possession of some plans and decorative items; for fountains, homes and other civilian projects. The Musée itself also has some decorations that he created for it. His "Open Seaport" (or "Imaginary Port View") has been widely reproduced.
# Palazzo Belgioioso

The Palazzo Belgioioso (also spelled Belgiojoso) is a palatial residence in the northern Italian city of Milan, completed in 1781 in a Neoclassical style by Giuseppe Piermarini.
Considered to be one of Milan's architectural treasures, the mansion is modeled on Luigi Vanvitelli's Palace of Caserta. Built for Prince Alberico XII di Belgioioso d'Este, it is located on a side street off Via Manzoni on the site of the house where he was born. One of the finest examples of Neoclassical architecture in Lombardy, it stands out like a jewel in the centre of the city. It was designed in 1772 by Giuseppe Piermarini who in this instance abandoned the sober and austere style of early Neoclassicism, building an imposing and highly decorated mansion which dominates the street. The most lavishly decorated part of the facade is the slightly protruding central section with a series of four giant order columns, an entablature and a tympanum enclosed by pilasters. The ground floor is finished in rusticated bugnato ashlar, the first floor, separated from the second with bas-reliefs of heraldic symbols, has windows crowned with garlands and decorative mouldings. Some of the rooms still have period decorations, the most famous of which is the gallery decorated with frescoes by Martin Knoller and stuccos by Giocondo Albertolli. Rinaldo's room, also decorated by Knoller, was inspired by Torquato Tasso's epic poem Jerusalem Delivered.
Under the ownership of Alberico XII di Belgioioso d'Este, a keen collector of books and works of art, the residence was frequented by illustrious intellectuals of the times, including the poet Giuseppe Parini and the writer Ugo Foscolo. Work carried out in 1991 restored the mansion to its former glory.
# African Training Institute

The African Training Institute was a religious Christian institution set up to educate children in Africa. It was established in Colwyn, Wales by the Reverend William Hughes under the name Congo Training Institute (or Congo House) in 1889 to educate children of the Congo. Leopold II, the king of Belgium, was the sponsor of the institution. The institute also attracted pupils from Cameroon, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and the United States. The pupils also received training in handicrafts. In 1912 William Hughes faced bankruptcy after he lost a libel case, and as a result the institution closed.
# 2024 Kachreti Challenger

The 2024 Kachreti Challenger, known as the Ambassadori Kachreti Challenger, was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Kachreti, Georgia between 20 and 25 May 2024.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| AUS | Philip Sekulic | 257 | 1 |
| GBR | Charles Broom | 313 | 2 |
| | Egor Gerasimov | 321 | 3 |
| LTU | Ričardas Berankis | 324 | 4 |
| GBR | Paul Jubb | 332 | 5 |
| UKR | Vadym Ursu | 347 | 6 |
| GBR | Giles Hussey | 355 | 7 |
| IND | Ramkumar Ramanathan | 358 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 6 May 2024.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Aleksandre Bakshi
* Saba Purtseladze
* Zura Tkemaladze
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Alafia Ayeni
* Ulises Blanch
* Evgeny Karlovskiy
* Ryuki Matsuda
* Hamish Stewart
* Nikolay Vylegzhanin

## Champions
### Singles

* Robin Bertrand def. Aleksandre Bakshi 6–1, 3–6, 7–5.

### Doubles

* Charles Broom / Ben Jones def. Evgeny Karlovskiy / Evgenii Tiurnev 3–6, 6–1, [10–8].
# High Commission of New Zealand, London

The High Commission of New Zealand (Māori: Te Kāinga Māngai Kāwanatanga o Aotearoa i Rānana) in London is the diplomatic mission of New Zealand in the United Kingdom. It is housed in a skyscraper known as New Zealand House on Haymarket, London, off Pall Mall. As well as containing the offices of the High Commissioner, the building also hosts the New Zealand consulate in London and the military attaché.

## History

The site had been previously occupied by the Carlton Hotel, destroyed by a bomb during the Blitz. The design differed from the other diplomatic buildings of other Commonwealth countries in that it would be a modern skyscraper, designed by Sir Robert Matthew. After difficulties securing a planning consent, the 18 storey building only proceeded after approval was granted by the British Cabinet. The High Commission was built by Holland, Hannen & Cubitts and was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1963. It is the only tall building in this part of London. Since 1995, it has been a Grade II listed building.

## Responsibilities

It is an overseas post of the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The position of High Commissioner to the United Kingdom is currently vacant, having previously been served by Phil Goff. New Zealand Passport applications can be processed at New Zealand House. The nearest Tube stations to New Zealand House are Piccadilly Circus and Charing Cross. The Māori cultural group Ngāti Rānana holds regular meetings at the High Commission.

## Gallery

* The High Commission entrance
* The High Commission tower
* The High Commission
# Bidadari Park

The Bidadari Park is a wooded park located at Bidadari, bounded by Bidadari Park Drive and Upper Aljunied Road, in Singapore.

## Background

The site was once part of the Malay section of the Bidadari Cemetery before exhumation took place from 2001 to 2006, which also included about 68,000 Malay graves, most of which were reburied at the Pusara Abadi Cemetery in Choa Chu Kang.
With exhumation of the cemetery having been completed by 2006, flora and fauna thrived at the site and it became a resting spot for migratory birds and endangered species, with sightings of almost 146 bird species.
In 2012, the Nature Society submitted a proposal to conserve a portion of the park for bird populations to continue to reside or nest there.

### Bidadari Memorial Garden

The park is currently in integration with the nearby Bidadari Garden which was first built in 2004.

### Alkaff Lake

The upcoming artificial lake known as Alkaff Lake, inspired by the long demolished Alkaff Gardens and its artificial lake, was announced in 2013 and is being constructed in the southern part of the park.
# San Pietro, Reggio Emilia

San Pietro (Saint Peter) is a Baroque style, Roman Catholic church located on Via Campo Samarotto #1, with a facade along Via Emilia San Pietro, in the southwestern sector of central Reggio Emilia, Italy.

## History

A document from 1140 acknowledges a church-monastery dedicated to Saints Pietro and Prospero existing outside the city walls (extra muros), on the road to Modena. However, the fighting in the region had displaced the Benedictines from that monastery, and for their protection, in 1513 the bishop Albericone, under Pope Leo X, consecrated a new church and convent at this site.
The present church was built in the 17th century under designs of various architects initially led by Giulio della Torre from Bologna, while the cupola (1625-1629) was designed by Paolo Messori from Reggio. The church layout follows the rules given by the Council of Trent and is a remarkable example of an architecture still true to its original design. Only the façade was built in the 18th century. The interior has paintings by Alessandro Tiarini, Paolo Emilio Besenzi, Pietro Desani and Malossi.
The monastery is of great interest, thanks to its two cloisters. The smaller, built in 1524 under the designs of Bartolomeo Spani and Leonardo Pacchioni, is an example of the sober high Renaissance style, while the larger one, built sixty years later under Prospero and Francesco Pacchioni, is strongly reminiscent of the courtyard of the Palazzo Te in Mantua designed by Giulio Romano.

## Gallery

* Interior nave of church
* Main altar
* Cupola or dome of church
* Smaller cloister
* Larger cloister
# Taiaha Peak

Taiaha Peak is a 2,241-metre-elevation (7,352-foot) mountain in the Canterbury Region of New Zealand.

## Description

Taiaha Peak is located 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Christchurch in the South Island. It is set in the Elcho–Huxley Mountains of the Southern Alps. Precipitation runoff from the mountain's west slope drains into the headwaters of the North Branch of the Huxley River, whereas all other slopes drain into Thar and Paradise creeks which are tributaries of the Hopkins River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 980 metres (3,215 feet) above Paradise Creek in one kilometre, and 1,580 metres (5,184 feet) above the Hopkins Valley in three kilometres. The nearest higher peak is Boanerges, 3.5 kilometres to the south-southwest. The mountain's toponym is from the Māori language: the Taiaha is a traditional weapon of the Māori, and this peak's summit has a prominent spear-like shape.

## Climbing

Climbing routes with first ascents:
* North West Face – O. Cantwell, Phil Cook, Frank Newmarch, R. Smith – (April 1939)
* South East Face – Ron Smoothy, Ellen Smoothy, Roger Thomson – (January 1983)
* West Ridge – Rob Battersby, Hamish Dunn – (March 1994)
* Via Paradise Valley – Thomas Evans, Jackson Green – (June 2004)
* I've found Cod – Paul Hersey, Graham Zimmerman – (September 2006)
* East Ridge – Shelly Graham, Graham Zimmerman – (April 2007)

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Taiaha Peak is located in a marine west coast (Cfb) climate zone, with a subpolar oceanic climate (Cfc) at the summit. Prevailing westerly winds blow moist air from the Tasman Sea onto the mountains, where the air is forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing moisture to drop in the form of rain or snow. This climate supports a glacieret on the northwest slope of this peak. The months of December through February offer the most favourable weather for viewing or climbing this peak.
# Firecrest (novel)

Firecrest is a 1971 spy thriller novel by the British writer Victor Canning. A stand-alone novel, it introduced a more modern, darker and naturalistic style compared to Canning's previous novels. It marked the first appearance of "The Department", a shadowy dirty tricks agency working for the British government which featured in subsequent novels.

## Synopsis

The scientist Henry Dilling dies shortly after agreeing to sell some vital research to the British government. The papers are now missing and The Department assigns one of his agents John Grimster to track them down. Grimster was once a promising star of British intelligence but is now disgruntled as he believes that his superiors may have arranged the traffic accident that killed the Swedish woman he planned to marry, but who they regarded as a security risk.
# Mouseterpiece Theater

Mouseterpiece Theater is an American animated television show that ran on the Disney Channel. It premiered on the channel's launch date on April 18, 1983, and continued with reruns into the 1990s.
The show is a parody of the PBS show Masterpiece Theatre, presenting Disney animated shorts instead of showing dramatic works. Like Masterpiece Theatre, it used a section of Jean-Joseph Mouret's Suite of Symphonies for brass, strings and timpani No. 1 as its theme music, but the Disney show used the third movement rather than the first. George Plimpton hosted and gave commentary and background information before and after each cartoon. Each show tended to have a theme; Goofy's emergence as the staid everyman character for example. It usually ran later in the evenings.
# William Clarke Whitford

William Clarke Whitford (May 5, 1828 – May 20, 1902) was an American educator, legislator, and pastor of the Seventh Day Baptist Church from Wisconsin.

## Biography

Born in Edmeston, New York, Whitford received his degrees from Union College and Union Theological Seminary. He moved to what is now Milton, Wisconsin, where he served as President of Milton College and as pastor of the Seventh Day Baptist Church in Milton. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1868, sponsoring a bill for woman's suffrage; and was the Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin 1878–1882. He served on the Wisconsin Board of Regents for Wisconsin normal schools. Whitford also wrote various article about education.
He died in Milton, Wisconsin on May 20, 1902.
# Rocheport Bridge

The Rocheport Interstate 70 Bridge is a four-lane (soon to be six) bridge over the Missouri River on Interstate 70 (I-70) between Cooper and Boone counties near Rocheport.
The first bridge was built in 1960 and rehabilitated in 1994. Its main span was 550.7 feet (167.9 m) and had a total length of 3,017.2 feet (919.6 m). Its deck width was 60.3 feet (18.4 m), allowing for four lanes of traffic (two in each direction) and minimal shoulders. Vertical clearance was 20 feet (6.1 m).
In 2019, the Missouri Department of Transportation received an $81.2 million federal INFRA grant which provided the remaining necessary funding to replace the rapidly aging bridge. On July 1, 2021, MoDOT selected the Lunda Team as the design-build contractor for the project. The design includes two bridges (one for each direction of travel); each bridge will accommodate three travel lanes and full-width shoulders. Construction on the first bridge began in October 2021. The first was done in summer 2023 carrying both westbound and eastbound, will eventually be only carrying westbound only. The original bridge was imploded on the morning of September 10 of the same year. Fog delayed the implosion by over an hour. Footings of the old bridge were removed by blasting on October 30 and November 14. The second bridge for eastbound traffic will be constructed in the same location as the old bridge. The entire project was completed by the end of 2024. Post offline work with clean up continues through early 2025.