# Jiwani

Jiwani (Urdu, Balochi: جيونى) is a town and commercial port located on the Gulf of Oman in the Gwadar District of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. The town has a population of 25,000 and is expected to become a major commercial centre in concert with the development of the port city of Gwadar, located nearly 60 kilometres (37 mi) to the east.

## Overview

Jiwani is located between Gwadar and Chabahar at the eastern end of Gwatar Bay. The area around the bay includes an important mangrove forest, and is an important habitat for a wide variety of wildlife, especially the endangered olive ridley and green turtles. Plans to grant fishing concessions and offshore drilling rights are potentially a threat to the wildlife of the area. The population largely depends upon fishing. A number of export-oriented fish freezing plants are located in Jiwani. Jiwani is 34 kilometres (21 mi) from the Iranian border.
Jiwani holds strategic importance in the region, located immediately adjacent to the shipping lanes to and from the Persian Gulf. This is the main reason that the town hosts a small naval base and an airport with a 1,700-metre (5,500 ft) runway.
Jiwani was used during World War II as an Allied airfield and the remains of some airfields are still available. Visiting the accommodation area of the airfield base used during World War II in Jiwani reveals many handwritten small stories and names of Allied pilots. There is a water system which is now abandoned for use but is a marvel of civil works for meeting water requirements of the station. It used to store rain water in three stages in order to clean the water using its usual flow. The water was then pumped to the airfield, and also up to the Victoria Hut, which is nearly 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the water tank system.
The Makran Coastal Highway now reaches Jiwani from Gwadar and also connects to Karachi.

## Demographics

The population of city in 1972 was 5,350 but according to the 2023 Census of Pakistan, the population has risen to 25,332.
| Census | Population |
| 1972 | 5,350 |
| 1998 | 14,072 |
| 2017 | 18,268 |
| 2023 | 25,332 |

## Jiwani Military Base

According to media reports, Pakistan and China plan to build a military base in Jiwani.

## Climate

Jiwani has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with hot and humid but dry summers and warm winters. Most rainfall falls in winter, although there is sometimes a little rain in the monsoon season (July–August) as well.
Climate data for Jiwani (1991-2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.1 (88.0) | 33.0 (91.4) | 39.0 (102.2) | 40.5 (104.9) | 45.0 (113.0) | 48.0 (118.4) | 42.5 (108.5) | 39.5 (103.1) | 41.1 (106.0) | 40.5 (104.9) | 37.2 (99.0) | 31.1 (88.0) | 48.0 (118.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 24.5 (76.1) | 25.9 (78.6) | 28.7 (83.7) | 32.5 (90.5) | 34.9 (94.8) | 34.6 (94.3) | 32.6 (90.7) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.9 (89.4) | 33.0 (91.4) | 30.1 (86.2) | 26.5 (79.7) | 30.6 (87.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 19.2 (66.6) | 20.6 (69.1) | 23.5 (74.3) | 27.0 (80.6) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.6 (87.1) | 29.5 (85.1) | 28.5 (83.3) | 28.2 (82.8) | 27.6 (81.7) | 24.2 (75.6) | 20.7 (69.3) | 25.8 (78.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) | 15.3 (59.5) | 18.3 (64.9) | 22.0 (71.6) | 25.2 (77.4) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.4 (79.5) | 25.5 (77.9) | 24.5 (76.1) | 22.2 (72.0) | 18.3 (64.9) | 14.8 (58.6) | 21.1 (69.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) | 6.0 (42.8) | 5.5 (41.9) | 15.6 (60.1) | 19.0 (66.2) | 22.8 (73.0) | 21.5 (70.7) | 21.7 (71.1) | 18.3 (64.9) | 13.0 (55.4) | 5.6 (42.1) | 3.9 (39.0) | 3.9 (39.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 21.2 (0.83) | 4.9 (0.19) | 16.4 (0.65) | 6.7 (0.26) | 0.0 (0.0) | 9.8 (0.39) | 3.1 (0.12) | 1.5 (0.06) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.3 (0.05) | 3.1 (0.12) | 15.4 (0.61) | 83.4 (3.28) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 273.0 | 254.1 | 281.1 | 287.9 | 332.0 | 280.5 | 214.2 | 206.7 | 254.3 | 307.5 | 294.2 | 272.3 | 3,257.8 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 8.8 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 10.7 | 9.4 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 8.5 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 8.8 | 8.9 |
| Source: NOAA (extremes, sun 1961-1990) ||||||||||||||