OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michael Joe Costello

Michael Joseph Costello (4 July 1904 – 20 October 1986) was an Irish rebel and military leader during the Irish War of Independence.

## Biography

Michael Joseph Costello was born on 4 July 1904 in Cloughjordan, County Tipperary, son of Denis Costello, headteacher in Cloughjordan National School, a native of Kilmihil, County Clare, and Teresa Moynihan, of County Offaly. He was the eldest of nine children, three of whom died during an epidemic of whooping cough.
His godfather was Thomas MacDonagh, who signed the Proclamation of the Irish Republic in 1916 and was one of the seven leaders of the Easter Rising. Costello became involved in the Irish War of Independence of 1919–1921, after seeing his father, a school teacher, arrested by the Black and Tans. He served with the Old IRA as an Intelligence Officer with the No. 1 Tipperary Brigade.
Costello joined the Irish National Army in 1922 and fought in the Irish Civil War of 1922–1923. Not long before he died in action, General Michael Collins promoted him to Colonel-Commandant when Costello was still only eighteen years old. He served as National Army Director of Intelligence from 1924 to 1926. He attended the US Army's Command and Staff College at Fort Leavenworth from 1926 to 1927. He advised the Free State on establishing an Irish Military College, of which he would later be appointed director of training in 1931 and commandant two years later, in 1933.
During The Emergency, he commanded the Irish Army's 1st Division, which was primarily responsible for the defence of the south coast of Ireland, as O/C Southern Command from 1940. The division, a volunteer force, had able personnel, but was poorly equipped. In Costello's words,
   Given the inadequate armament and signal equipment of the Forces, training concentrated on attaining superiority over a potential invader in night operations with small forces expected to yield capture of enemy arms and ammunition, in cross country mobility and in marksmanship and the use of mines and explosives generally. The platoons made silent advances during dark nights over difficult and unknown country.
In 1944, one of Costello's units carried out a 44-mile (71 km) march carrying 40-pound (18 kg) packs in 11 hours. Costello was instrumental in founding An Cosantóir in 1941. He was promoted to major general in 1941 and to lieutenant general in 1945. He retired from the Army in 1946, after which he became the managing director of the Irish Sugar Company. At Irish Sugar, he bought the first electronic computer in Ireland from Dora Metcalf in 1957.
He died on 20 October 1986, aged 82.
# EOS (company)

Evolution of Smooth (EOS) is a privately owned beauty and skincare company based in New York City. EOS was founded in 2006 by Jonathan Teller, Sanjiv Mehra, and Craig Dubitsky. The company makes a variety of body care products such as lip balm, lotion, and shaving cream. Its products are known for using natural and organic ingredients, as well as for their colorful, minimalist packaging.

## History

Jonathan Teller created the EOS lip balm in 2006. In 2015, EOS was the second highest-selling lip care in the world, with 11.5% of the market share in the United States. The lip balms are sold at retail stores in 18 countries and online through the company's website.
In 2017, EOS sold nearly 2 million units per week globally.

## Product complaints

Between August 6, 2014, and June 12, 2017, 126 complaints were filed to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) by customers who experienced reactions to EOS lip balm.
In 2016, a class-action lawsuit was filed against EOS, claiming that the lip balm caused bleeding and blistering. The preliminary settlement for those affected was a reimbursement with products, cash, or more depending on their reactions to the product. According to Buzzfeed News reports, “Affected consumers are eligible to receive either $75 for verified medical expenses, a $15 cash award, $20 worth of EOS products, or up to $4,000 depending on their injuries."
Ultimately, EOS settled five proposed class action lawsuits. The final terms of the proposed EOS class action settlement were not disclosed, however, the company said it would include a warning on the lip balm packaging and the product website.
The company later published on social media that its products are safe to use, claiming their products are "hypoallergenic, dermatologist tested, made with the highest quality ingredients, meet or exceed all safety and quality standards set by our industry and are validated by rigorous safety testing conducted by independent labs". The company also placed safety tips on its packaging to warn consumers of potential irritation.

## Marketing

EOS products are known for using natural and organic ingredients as well as for their colorful, minimalist packaging and design targeted toward women. In its early days, EOS relied on endorsements from celebrities, such as Kim Kardashian and Miley Cyrus, who frequently posted about EOS products on social media. Consequently, Goldman Sachs included EOS in its list of top 50 brands "It Girls" love.
In March 2018, EOS launched an advertising campaign that provided free lip balm to customers of Kellogg's Special K products.
# Rhea–McEntire House

The Rhea–McEntire House, also known as the Rhea–Burleson–McEntire House, is a historic antebellum Greek Revival mansion located along the shoreline of the Tennessee River's Wheeler Lake in Decatur, Alabama.
The house was constructed prior to 1836, and was used as headquarters by both Union and Confederate forces, alternately, during the Civil War.
Contrary to local legend, the Battle of Shiloh was not planned in this house nor used as headquarters by Albert Sidney Johnston in early 1862. Johnston's headquarters were located in a small building attached to the McCartney Hotel across the railroad tracks from the Burleson mansion. Extant primary-source records back up this assertion.
The official records, most of which are now housed at Tulane University, indicate that General Johnston's headquarters during the time he reorganized his Confederate forces in Decatur in March 1862 were at the McCarty (sic) Hotel. They also indicate that planning for attacking Grant's forces at Pittsburg Landing (the Battle of Shiloh) was done by Johnston's subordinate, General Beauregard, in Corinth, Mississippi.
The list of major buildings in Decatur, Alabama that survived the Civil War were the Dancy-Polk House, the Old State Bank, The McCartney Hotel (demolished in the 1920s), and the Burleson House that later became known as the McEntire House. The most likely reason they were spared is that they were all inside the perimeter of the breastworks built by the Union in 1864. Everything outside the breastworks for an 800-yard (730 m) radius was leveled to provide a clear field of fire for the artillery defending the Union position on the banks of the Tennessee River. The Burlesons owned the house during the Civil War. Dr. Aaron Adair Burleson served as the president of the Tennessee and Central Alabama Railroad that later became part of the Nashville and Decatur Railroad. During the Civil War Dr. Burleson was a physician in the Confederate Army. The home was sold to Jerome Hinds, a former Union soldier from Illinois, in 1869. After the Hinds, the home was used as a boarding house and hotel before standing empty for a period. It was purchased on April 5, 1895 by R. P. McEntire.
The house was also used as the second temporary courthouse, during the construction of the first permanent courthouse in Decatur, in Morgan County.
The house was documented with large-format photographs by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1937.
# Twyla Herbert

Twyla Herbert (born Twila Moody; July 27, 1921 – July 11, 2009) was an American songwriter known for her long songwriting partnership with the singer Lou Christie.

## Beginnings

Twila Moody was born in Riverside, California, and as a child moved with her parents to Pennsylvania, where she married Earle Herbert (d.1982). In the late 1950s, Lou Christie was 15 years old when he met Herbert, a "bohemian gypsy, psychic, and former concert pianist," at an audition in a church basement in his hometown, Glenwillard, Pennsylvania. Over 20 years older than he was, with flaming red hair, she was a self-described clairvoyant and mystic who allegedly predicted which of their songs would become hits.

## Collaboration

The pair co-wrote the great majority of Christie's hits, including "The Gypsy Cried", "Two Faces Have I", "Rhapsody in the Rain", "She Sold Me Magic", and most famously, "Lightnin' Strikes", a song later covered by such artists as Del Shannon and Klaus Nomi. Christie discussed their songwriting relationship: "Twyla is a genius. She was going to be a concert pianist but we started writing rock 'n' roll. The hardest part was that we had too many ideas. If we wanted to write a song, it would never stop."
Herbert and Christie also composed for his backup singers, a girl group named the Tammys, a handful of songs, including the eccentric single, "Egyptian Shumba," which with its over-the-top, savage vocals and faux-Middle Eastern melody, has become a cult classic.
Herbert died in Phoenix, Arizona in 2009, at the age of 87.
# Acrocalymma

Acrocalymma is a fungal genus in the family Lophiostomataceae. It was circumscribed in 1987 by Australian botanists John L. Alcorn and John Irwin to contain the species A. medicaginis, found to cause crown and root disease of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek words acros ("at tip") and calymma ("hood"). Acrocalymma aquatica, discovered in northern Thailand, was added to the genus in 2012.
# Beaver Creek (Kenai, Alaska)

Beaver Creek (Dena'ina: Hkayitnu) is a stream located on the western portion of the Kenai Peninsula in the U.S. state of Alaska. Beaver Creek flows approximately 10 miles from its source at Beaver Lake in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge to the Kenai River, approximately 4 river miles from the mouth of that river in the City of Kenai at Cook Inlet. The Dena'ina call the creek Hkayitnu, meaning "Tail River". Beaver Creek was the common name added to the USGS Geographic Names Information System in 1951.

## Recreation

Beaver Creek shares the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge (KNWR) with the Swanson River, which has a well known canoe system. Although Beaver Creek is not part of the Swanson River canoe system due to limited access and difficult passage. Approximayely 16,000 years ago the Swanson River flowed south through what is now Beaver Creek.
# Ricky Anggawijaya

Ricky Anggawijaya is an Indonesian swimmer from Bandung who specializes in backstroke. However, his first medal in SEA Games is a silver medal from the 5000 m open water swimming event. He also won another silver in the same discipline, this time in 10000 m distance. In 2012 Pekan Olahraga Nasional, Ricky won a gold medal in 1500 m freestyle for West Java.
He also competed in the 2013 Asian Youth Games, hosted by Nanjing, China. Competing in three events, he won gold in 100 m backstroke and silver in 200 m backstroke. In his second participation at the SEA Games, he won gold in 200 m backstroke. He also won two bronze medals, one in 100 m backstroke, and the other in 4 x 200 metre freestyle relay with his fellow Indonesian swimmers.
# Opercularia ampluscolonia

Opercularia ampluscolonia is a species of freshwater, colonial, sessiline peritrich ciliates. This species produces a branched stalk that is often delicately striate in a longitudinal direction. There can be more than ninety-seven zooids per branched stalk. Zooids reproduce asexually and form dense clusters at the ends of each branch. This filter-feeding protist inhabits ponds in Mendocino County, California.
# Acrocalymma medicaginis

Acrocalymma medicaginis is a plant pathogen that causes root and crown rot in alfalfa. It is found in Australia.
# Gottlieb Göttlich

Gottlieb Göttlich (born Marie Rosine Göttlich, March 6, 1798) was an intersex man in the 1800s who became well known for his condition, as it was the first time many medical practitioners had seen such a case.

## Early life

Göttlich was born March 6, 1798, in the Saxon village of Nieder Leuba, then part of the Holy Roman Empire and now Germany. At birth, Göttlich was presumed female and raised as Marie Rosine.
At the age of 33, Göttlich started to have severe pains in her abdominal section, believing the pain to be caused by herniated organs. Professor Friedrich Tiedmann from the University of Heidelberg examined Göttlich in November 1832. Upon examination, he found Göttlich "was evidently a man, with genitals of uncommon formation. She will dress herself, therefore, in men's clothes, and adopt the name of Gottlieb."

## Career as a medical case

Göttlich embraced a male identity, and used his unique situation to make a living for himself. He obtained a new passport with a male sex listed and toured across Europe, allowing schools and medical personnel to examine him for a price. Göttlich was examined in the German cities of Bonn, Jena, Marburg, Mainz, Offenbach, Breslau and Breme. In Britain, he exhibited himself in Manchester, Liverpool, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Montrose and Edinburgh. In Ireland, he exhibited himself in Cork and Dublin.
In continuing to travel across Europe, Göttlich reached "fame and fortune" because of his situation. When surgical aid was offered to "correct" his genitalia, Göttlich was “averse to a proposal of this kind, since it would at once deprive him of his... easy and profitable mode of subsistence”. However, this was a reciprocal relationship. Dreger describes how: "in exchange for letting them examine him and publish reports about him, the medical and scientific men gave Göttlich certificates which testifies that his case was of deep interest to the medical man". The investigators built their reputations on such cases.
Göttlich's case has been described as one of a "circus freak" by multiple authors.
Most works refer to Göttlich as a "hermaphrodite", though this term has fallen out of favor in recent years. The term "intersex" for those people with ambiguous or non-conforming genitalia is the modern term.

## In literature

Göttlich has appeared in many books, including fiction and non-fiction. Some of these include:
* Middlesex by Jeffrey Eugenides
* Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex by Alice Domurat Dreger
* The One-Sex Body on Trial: The Classical and Early Modern Evidence by Professor Helen King
* Hermaphroditismus beim Menschen by Franz Ludwig von Neugebaue
* Dr Handyside's Case of Hermaphrodism by Peter Handyside in The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, Volume 43, pages 313-318
# Muhammad Jalal Kishk

Muhammad Jalal Kishk (also Muhammad Galal Keshk; 1929–1993) was an Egyptian Islamist journalist and writer who was noted for his anti-leftist political views, and thoughts on sex and homosexuality in Islam.
Kishk wrote for the weeklies Akhbar al-Yawm and Ruz al-Yusuf and the periodical al-Risala until 1965. According to the Middle East Record, Kishk's "anti-leftist stand" may have led to his being "prevented from continuing his career in journalism". But actually it was his anti-Nasser writings that led to his removal from these journals and eventual exile to Beirut, Lebanon in 1968.
Kishk gained some notoriety for his ideas concerning gender and sexuality in Islam.
In his book A Muslim's Thoughts about the Sexual Question, (1984), which was initially banned in Egypt, he examined contemporary Western scholarship about Christianity and Islam in relation to sex, with special attention to homosexuality.
Kishk was concerned with the danger of
   "the enemies of Islam and ... our civilization [having] the opportunity to publish their ideas and plant their poisons in the minds and hearts of our Muslim youth, who no longer follow an Islamic conduct nor are directed by Islamic thought."
While Kishk disapproved of sexual relations between same sex couples, he noted that there was no prescribed punishment for it in Islam. He also analyzed those parts of the Quran that described Jannah(heaven/paradise) and concluded that "sex with youthful boys will be the reward for Muslim men who control their desires in this world by not practicing sodomy."

## Works

* Al-Ghazw al-Fikri (The Intellectual invasion), Cairo: Sar al-Urubah, 1966
* Al-Naksa wa al-Ghazw al-Fikri (The Naksa and the Intellectual Invasion) (The setback and cultural invasion), Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 1969
* al-Sa'udiyyun wa al-Hall al-Islami (The Saudis and the Islamic solution), West Hanover, MA: Halliday, 1981
* 'thawrat ulyu al-amrikiyya (The American July Revolution: The Relationship of Nasser with the American Intelligence Services, 1988)
# HMS Triton

Eight vessels of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Triton or HMS Tryton, after Triton, the son of Poseidon and Amphitrite, and the personification of the roaring waters:
* HMS Tryton (1702) was a 42-gun fifth rate, originally the French ship Triton, captured by the British in 1702 at the Battle of Vigo Bay, and sold in 1709.
* HMS Tryton (1741) was a sloop in commission in 1741.
* HMS Tryton (1745) was a 24-gun sixth-rate frigate launched in 1745 and burned on 28 April 1758 to avoid capture by the French.
* HMS Triton (1773) was a 28-gun sixth-rate frigate launched in 1773. She served with Rear Admiral Sir Samuel Hood's fleet off Nevis on 25 January 1782. She was broken up in 1796.
* HMS Triton (1796) was a 32-gun fifth-rate frigate launched in 1796. She served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars and was broken up in 1820.
* HMS Triton (1846) was an iron paddle sloop launched in 1846 and sold in 1872.
* HMS Triton (1882) was a paddle survey vessel launched in 1882. She was a school ship at Gravesend from 1919, and was broken up in 1961.
* HMS Triton (N15) was a T-class submarine launched in 1937 and sunk in 1940.
# Bondi Short Film Festival

The Bondi Short Film Festival is an annual one-day competitive short film festival open to amateur filmmakers held in the Australian city of Sydney, at Bondi Beach. The Festival's founding and current artistic director is Francis Coady.

## History

Established by Coady in 2001, the Festival began by giving young filmmakers a festival to screen their films, reportedly as a favour to Coady's friends who had missed out on entering films in other Sydney film festivals. The first festival screening was held at the North Bondi RSL Club. Due to its success, by 2002 it has moved to its current home at the Bondi Pavilion.
The Festival accepts entries in any genre, with the only restrictions being it must be Australian, under 15 minutes in length, and made in the previous 18 months. Prizes are currently awarded in four categories: Best Film, Best Cinematography, Best Actor and Best Music. Whilst the competition is predominantly an amateur’s festival, films are judged by leading industry professionals. Over the years, festival judges have included Margaret Pomeranz, Sam Worthington, Bruce Beresford, Rachel Ward, Damon Gameau, David Caeser and Gracie Otto.
# Ytraberget

Ytraberget is a small peninsula that sticks out into the Hafrsfjord in the municipality of Sola in Rogaland county, Norway. Ytraberget is connected to Indraberget and it is located, just north of the village of Sørnes, between two small bays: Sørnesvågen and Grannesvågen.
Harald Fairhair (ca. 865-ca. 933) fought the Battle of Hafrsfjord during 872 AD. In the Saga by Snorri Sturluson, a little isle is mentioned as the location where Kjotve the Rich fled the battle. The little isle is commonly held to have been Ytraberget, although it is now connected by a low isthmus of some 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in elevation to Indraberget. It is thought that the Earth's crust rebounding post glaciation over 1,100 years has exposed the connection between the two.
On the top of the hill, there is a plateau about 100 by 50 metres (330 ft × 160 ft). This is the area of the Bronze Age stone fortifications (bygdeborg). There are three or four buildings that were a part of the ruined structure, all about 8 by 5 metres (26 ft × 16 ft). Near the top of Ytraberget there is a stone slab monument erected in 1972 near the ruins for the 1,100-year anniversary of the Battle of Hafrsfjord. There are good fishing and swimming possibilities at Ytraberget. Ytraberget today is a very common swimming spot for local teenagers.
Indraberget is the mainland area that Ytreberget connects to. This area has some of the richest limestone flora in this part of Norway. There is also rich archeological findings for the Stone Age, Bronze Age and to modern times.
# Arkadiusz

Arkadiusz (Polish: ) is a masculine Polish given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Arkadiusz Aleksander (born 1980), Polish football player
* Arkadiusz Bachur (1961–1995), Polish equestrian
* Arkadiusz Baran (born 1979), Polish football player
* Arkadiusz Bazak (born 1939), Polish actor
* Arkadiusz Bieńkowski (1938–2007), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Bilski (born 1973), Polish football player
* Arkadiusz Bąk (born 1974), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Czarnecki (born 1987), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Czartoryski (born 1966), Polish politician
* Arkadiusz Gardzielewski (born 1986), Polish long-distance runner
* Arkadiusz Gmur (born 1966), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Godel (born 1952), Polish fencer
* Arkadiusz Gołaś (1981–2005), Polish volleyball player
* Arkadiusz Głowacki (born 1979), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Jakubik (born 1969), Polish actor
* Arkadiusz Janiak (born 1963), Polish sprinter
* Arkadiusz Jędrych (born 1992), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Kaliszan (born 1972), retired Polish professional footballer
* Arkadiusz Kasperkiewicz (born 1994), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Klimek (born 1975), Polish professional footballer
* Arkadiusz Korobczynski, Polish Cold War pilot, defector to Sweden in 1949
* Arkadiusz Kubik (born 1972), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Kułynycz (born 1992), Polish Greco-Roman wrestler
* Arkadiusz Leniart (born 1991), Polish chess player
* Arkadiusz Litwiński (born 1970), Polish politician
* Arkadiusz Malarz (born 1980), Polish goalkeeper
* Arkadiusz Marchewka (born 1986), Polish politician
* Arkadiusz Michalski (born 1990), Polish weightlifter
* Arkadiusz Miklosik (born 1975), retired Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Milik (born 1994), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Miłoszewski (born 1973), Polish basketball coach and former player
* Arkadiusz Moryto (born 1997), Polish handball player
* Arkadiusz Mularczyk (born 1971), Polish politician
* Arkadiusz Myrcha (born 1984), Polish politician
* Arkadiusz Mysona (born 1981), Polish football player
* Arkadiusz Najemski (born 1996), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Onyszko (born 1974), Polish goalkeeper
* Arkadiusz Ossowski (born 1996), Polish handball player
* Arkadiusz Pawłowski (born 1956), Polish paralympic swimmer
* Arkadiusz Piech (born 1985), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Protasiuk (1974–2010), Polish Air Force pilot
* Arkadiusz Pyrka (born 2002), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Radomski (born 1977), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Reca (born 1995), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Rojek (born 1972), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Rybicki (1953–2010), Polish politician
* Arkadiusz Ryś (born 1988), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Skrzypaszek (born 1968), Polish modern pentathlete
* Arkadiusz Sobkowiak (born 1973), Polish rower
* Arkadiusz Sojka (born 1980), former Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Sowa (born 1979), Polish marathon runner
* Arkadiusz Szczygieł (born 1975), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Trochanowski (born 1973), Polish-Ukrainian bishop
* Arkadiusz Wojtas (born 1977), Polish cyclist
* Arkadiusz Woźniak (born 1990), Polish footballer
* Arkadiusz Wrzosek (born 1992), Polish kickboxer and mixed martial artist