# Graviton (comics)

Graviton (Franklin Hall) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Jim Shooter and artist Sal Buscema, he first appeared in The Avengers #158, dated April 1977. Over the years, he has mainly opposed the Avengers in their various incarnations.
Originally a gravity researcher, Franklin Hall gains the ability to control gravity. Corrupted by this power, he becomes a supervillain using the name "Graviton". He is confronted and defeated by the Avengers as he tried to destroy the facility where he did his original research. In subsequent appearances Graviton seems to struggle with control of his powers and often loses because of this. More than one storyline has depicted Graviton's apparent death, only for him to return subsequently through various means. He later becomes part of Advanced Idea Mechanics' High Council as "Minister of Science".
Graviton has appeared in Marvel television series, such as The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes, voiced by Fred Tatasciore. Additionally, Franklin Hall appeared in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., portrayed by Ian Hart, while the Graviton identity is filled by Glenn Talbot, portrayed by Adrian Pasdar.

## Publication history

Graviton first appears in The Avengers #158 (April 1977) and was created by Jim Shooter and Sal Buscema.

## Fictional character biography

Franklin Hall is a Canadian physicist involved in an experiment in a private research facility in the Canadian Rockies. A mistake in Hall's calculations causes graviton particles to be merged with his own molecules, and Hall later discovers that he can mentally control gravity. Hall at first tries to hide his newfound ability, but becomes tempted by the potential power, and donning a costume adopts the alias "Graviton".
When Graviton takes over the research facility and forbids all communications with the outside world, a fellow scientist sends a distress signal to the superhero team the Avengers. A furious Graviton then lifts the facility several thousands of feet into the sky and threatens to kill the scientist. The Avengers then arrive and attack but are all defeated when trapped in a gravity field. Graviton then proceeds to bring the facility to New York, and demands the U.N. to hand over world power or he will destroy the world's cities. At Avengers Mansion a returning Black Panther learns of their plight and joins with Thor, having also been on leave from the team, and the two head to the facility. As Thor battles Graviton with Iron Man's help, the Panther frees the captive Avengers, but Graviton defeats them again until he is tricked into thinking a fellow scientist he cares for has committed suicide. Graviton then panics and causes the entire facility to collapse on him, forming a giant stone sphere that is dropped into a river by the Avengers.
Graviton later reappears, although is suffering from amnesia and is flickering in and out of existence. Somehow guided to the female scientist he has feelings for, Graviton attempts to abduct her but is stopped by the Thing and Black Bolt. During the battle, Graviton describes himself as becoming a "living black hole" and morphs into a colossal humanoid. Graviton is then attacked until he loses concentration, implodes, and is presumed dead. Graviton is eventually able to reform his body, and decides to seek a bride. Elevating a Bloomingdale's store into the sky, he takes several women hostage until tricked by Thor. Thor then maroons a defeated Graviton in an alternate dimension.
Graviton is able to return when an anomaly opens a portal to Earth. Arriving in Los Angeles, Graviton attempts to unite all criminal elements under his leadership, but is defeated by the West Coast Avengers. Graviton was among the villains recruited by Mister Bitterhorn into Mephisto's Legion Accursed. They were used in part of a plot to kill the Beyonder with Mephisto's Beyondersbane weapon, but were delayed by the Thing until the weapon melted down. Graviton then recruits the supervillains Halflife, Quantum, and Zzzax as allies, but they are once again defeated by the West Coast Avengers. Graviton then defeats Spider-Man, and after a skirmish with the Fantastic Four, is defeated in turn by a cosmic-powered Spider-Man.
Graviton then attacks the Avengers again, but is defeated when they overload his powers, banishing him to yet another alternate dimension. He then sends out a distress signal, which is noticed by the villains Techno and Baron Zemo. Graviton is eventually freed and attacks the teams the Thunderbolts and Great Lakes Avengers, but is persuaded by Moonstone to rethink his priorities. Desiring still more power, Graviton recruited a team of criminals and looted San Francisco, until eventually defeated by the Thunderbolts – currently aided by Angel – with the use of technology from Machine Man, whose flight capabilities cancel gravity, allowing them to use arm-bands based on his technology to shut down Graviton's powers.
Banished once again to the same alternate dimension, Graviton becomes insane from the constant defeats and exile from Earth, and returns with the goal of total world conquest, accompanied by an adult-level P'tah named M'reel. Seeking revenge on the Thunderbolts, Graviton storms their headquarters to discover they have disbanded and been replaced by the Redeemers. Graviton kills almost the entire team before being defeated by a reformed Thunderbolts. Discovering that M'reel was channeling his power to create a dimensional warp enabling the P'tah to invade Earth a furious Graviton apparently dies stopping the alien invasion and saves the Thunderbolts.
Under unrevealed circumstances, Graviton returned to Earth once more and was rendered powerless long enough to be imprisoned on the Raft with other superhuman criminals. However, when Electro shorted out the Raft's defenses to free Sauron, Graviton and dozens of other inmates escaped, only to be confronted by the heroes who would soon organize as the latest incarnation of the Avengers. Although recaptured, Graviton evidently sustained a head injury that somehow greatly dampened his powers, making him much less powerful than at his previous encounter with the Thunderbolts. He also was more megalomaniacal than ever during his next escape, declaring himself capable of forgiving and punishing sins. The reorganized Avengers again fought him at Ryker's, and after wounding Captain America and Spider-Man, Graviton was downed and almost killed by an Extremis-enhanced Iron Man.
After battling Iron Man once again, having been framed for murder by an associate of the Mandarin who possessed similar gravity-manipulating powers to his own – he uses his powers to trigger an aneurysm in his brain, concluding that he will never receive a fair trial and wanting to end things on his terms.
A 2010 storyline reveals that Graviton has a son with the same powers as he has, a criminal named Singularity, but he was revealed to be a normal child unrelated to Graviton, who had been brainwashed and mutated by the evil son of the Leader called Superior.
Graviton turns up alive as part of the new High Council of A.I.M. (alongside Andrew Forson, Jude the Entropic Man, Mentallo, Superia and an undercover Taskmaster) as the Minister of Science. When the Secret Avengers attempted to assassinate Andrew Forson, Graviton attacked them but was quickly stopped by an attack by sentient Iron Patriot armors led by the Hulk.
In "Avengers: Standoff!", Graviton was shown in a training video for the S.H.I.E.L.D. Cadets working in the gated community Pleasant Hill being subjected to Kobik, which turned him into a mild-mannered Pleasant Hill chef named Howie Howardson.
In "Secret Empire", Graviton joins Helmut Zemo's Army of Evil.

## Powers and abilities

Franklin Hall was a normal human until empowered by an explosion that intermingled his molecules with sub-nuclear graviton particles generated by a nearby particle generator, which gave him the ability to manipulate gravity. He can immobilize others by increasing their gravity, levitate himself by lowering his own gravity, and generate concussive energy blasts. Graviton's abilities are potent enough to move islands and reshape mountains.

## In other media
### Television

* Graviton appears in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes two-part episode "Breakout", voiced by Fred Tatasciore. This version is a physicist hired by S.H.I.E.L.D. to help recreate the super-soldier serum that created Captain America. However, Hall caused an accident that gave himself near-limitless gravitational powers. Soon after, when it became clear that he had become dangerous, S.H.I.E.L.D. Director Nick Fury placed Hall into an unconscious state and imprisoned him in the Raft. A decade later, a technological malfunction enables Hall to escape and seek revenge on Fury, only to be foiled by Thor, the Wasp, Iron Man, the Hulk, and Ant-Man.
* Several characters inspired by Graviton appear in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).
** Franklin Hall appears in the first season episode "The Asset", portrayed by Ian Hart. This version is a Canadian physicist who was abducted by his former partner, Ian Quinn (portrayed by David Conrad), to finish work on a gravity manipulator powered by a liquid metal-esque, gravity-manipulating substance called gravitonium. Believing it is dangerous, Hall attempts to destroy the substance. S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Phil Coulson tries to save Hall, but the latter is pulled into the gravitonium, where he got trapped. The substance reappears in the episode "Providence", when Hydra agents release it before their leader John Garrett gives the gravitonium back to Quinn. In a flashback depicted in the fifth season episode "Inside Voices", Quinn is absorbed by the gravitonium following Garrett's defeat.
** During the fifth season, Ruby Hale (portrayed by Dove Cameron), a genetically-engineered Hydra agent, invades a subterranean Hydra facility and infuses herself with 8% of the gravitonium, seeking to become the "Destroyer of Worlds". However, she fails to control her newly acquired powers and kills one of Hydra's leaders, Werner von Strucker, before she is killed by S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Elena Rodriguez and S.H.I.E.L.D. recovers the remaining gravitonium.
** Later that season, when S.H.I.E.L.D. comes under attack by alien warriors sent by the Confederacy, Glenn Talbot (portrayed by Adrian Pasdar) infuses himself with the remaining gravitonium, along with Hall and Quinn's consciousnesses, and uses his new abilities to kill the warriors before taking Coulson to confront the Confederacy, who they learn intend to stop Thanos. Becoming increasingly narcissistic and unhinged under the corrupting influence of the gravitonium however, Talbot forces his way into the group and attempts to absorb more gravitonium until he is defeated by Daisy Johnson.
* Graviton appears in Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers voiced by Mitsuaki Madano in the Japanese version and by Patrick Seitz in the English dub. This version is a member of the Masters of Evil.

### Film

Graviton appears in Avengers Confidential: Black Widow & Punisher.

### Video games

* Graviton appears as a boss in The Amazing Spider-Man 2.
* Graviton appears as a boss in Marvel: Avengers Alliance 2.