OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The American Presidency with Bill Clinton (TV series)

The American Presidency with Bill Clinton is a 2022 historical documentary series by History hosted by Bill Clinton. It premiered on May 30, 2022, for six episodes concluding on June 6, 2022. The series explores the topics of race, extremism, economic issues, the struggle for rights, presidential vision, and global power. The series is also executive produced by Clinton. All episodes included commentary from Jon Meacham, Annette Gordon-Reed, Douglas Brinkley, Edna Medford Green, H. W. Brands, and George Takei. In May 2020, Clinton signed a deal with History to produce and host the show.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Original air date | US viewers (millions) |
| 1 | "Separate But Unequal" | 30 May 2022 (2022-05-30) | .515 |
| How presidential action helped the United States have less racism. ||||
| 2 | "Presidential Vision" | 6 June 2022 (2022-06-06) | .291 |
| How presidents and their visionary goals shaped the country and the world. ||||
| 3 | "Building the Economy" | 6 June 2022 (2022-06-06) | N/A |
| How presidential action can create greater opportunity for the people. ||||
| 4 | "Extremism" | 13 June 2022 (2022-06-13) | N/A |
| How presidents have reacted to extinguish and sometimes fan the flames of extremism. What we can learn about extremism from the past and how to avoid it in the future. ||||
| 5 | "We the people" | 20 June 2022 (2022-06-20) | N/A |
| Presidential decision-making in the face of turning points for many citizens who have been left out - the enslaved, Indigenous Americans, women, and immigrants. ||||
| 6 | "Becoming a Superpower" | 20 June 2022 (2022-06-20) | N/A |
| How well have we exercised our own power? ||||
# William Dighton

William Dighton was a medieval English clerk in the Privy seal and briefly Keeper of the Privy seal.
He was the illegitimate son of a priest. He served as a clerk in the Privy Seal office from 1356 to 1394 under Edward III and Richard II. For a short time, (1381–1382), he was promoted to Keeper of the Privy Seal. He was displaced from the position by a superior candidate in Walter Skirclaw, later Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, after which Dighton resumed his previous role as a clerk.
The circumstances of his birth required him to seek papal dispensation to take holy orders and to confirm each appointment. He became, however, rector of Trimmington, Norfolk, parson of Barking, Suffolk and Ash, near Wrotham, Kent. He exchanged the latter living for that of Wybarton in Lincolnshire.
# Taoufik Hicheri

Taoufik Hicheri (born 8 January 1965) is a Tunisian former footballer. He played 55 matches for the Tunisia national football team from 1989 to 1998. He was also named in Tunisia's squad for the 1998 African Cup of Nations tournament.
# Ruda Solska

Ruda Solska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biłgoraj, within Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Biłgoraj and 86 km (53 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin.
# Pendyala Raghava Rao

Pendyala Raghava Rao (15 March 1917 – 10 September 1987) was an Indian politician.
He was the son of Shri Pendyal Ramchander Rao and was born in Chinna Pendyal of the Warangal district in March 1917. He was educated at Warangal High School and married Shrimati Venkatamma in 1934. The couple had 2 sons. After the death of his wife, he married Shrimati Kausalya devi and had 2 sons and 2 daughters from this marriage.
He resisted the Conversion Movement in 1935–36, joined Congress Satyagraha in 1938, and was sentenced to imprisonment with fine of Rs. 300. He later joined Andhra Mahasabha and went underground in 1946 when it was banned. He resisted the Razakar movement and was a member of the Peoples Democratic Front, elected to the 1st Lok Sabha from Hyderabad constituency in 1952. He defeated the famous poet Kaloji Narayan Rao of Indian National Congress, by almost 4000 votes in this election.
His biography with his articles called "Naa Prajaa Jeevitham" was authored by his daughter, K. Neeharini. Raghava Rao died in September 1987 at the age of 70.
# Tasmaphena lamproides

Tasmaphena lamproides is a species of land snail in the family Rhytididae. It occurs in north-western Tasmania and probably far southern Victoria. It is known by the common name keeled snail.
There are many small subpopulations, and the total population in Tasmania is probably a few hundred thousand snails. The snail generally lives in wet forest habitat. Some subpopulations are threatened by logging and clearing of forests for development and agriculture.
# Tarek Thabet

Tarek Thabet (Arabic: طارق ثابت; born 16 August 1971), is a Tunisian former professional footballer who played as a defender for Espérance de Tunis and the Tunisia national team. At club level, he spent his entire career at Espérance de Tunis. He was a member of the Tunisian team during the World Cups in 1998 and 2002.
He managed Libyan Premier League club Khaleej Sirte, after spending the 2008–09 season at Wefaq Sabratha. Thabet also coached Libyan club Al-Ahly SC (Benghazi) as well as numerous Tunisian clubs.

## International goals

| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 5 November 1993 | Stade El Menzah, Tunis | Gabon | 4–0 | 4–0 | Coupe 7 Novembre |
| 2 | 6 June 1999 | Stade El Menzah, Tunis | Algeria | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2000 African Cup of Nations qualification |
| 3 | 7 October 2000 | Stade El Menzah, Tunis | Gabon | 4–2 | 4–2 | 2002 African Cup of Nations qualification |
# Ruda Żurawiecka-Osada

Ruda Żurawiecka-Osada is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Lubycza Królewska, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine.
# Bas of Bithynia

Bas (Greek: Βᾶς; c. 397 BC – 326) was the first independent ruler of Bithynia. He ruled for fifty years, from 376 to 326 BC, and died at the age of 71.

## Life

Bas succeeded his father Boteiras, and was himself succeeded by his own son Zipoetes I.
Bas defeated Calas, a general of Alexander the Great, and maintained the independence of Bithynia.
# Zulkarnain Hanafi

Zulkarnain bin Haji Hanafi is the former Minister of Health in Brunei from 2015 until 2017 and a Vice-Chancellor at the Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) from 2008 to 2015.

## Early life and education

Zulkarnain went for his higher education in the United Kingdom. He obtained his Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery from the University of Liverpool and later the FRCSEd (Otolaryngology) from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. Lastly, FRCGP (Hons) from the Royal College of General Practitioners.

## Career

Zulkarnain was a head and neck surgeon and otolaryngologist, who in 2001 was involved in the first cochlear implant surgery on a child in Borneo at, Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital.
During the 2015 Bruneian cabinet reshuffle on 22 October, Zulkarnain was sworn in as the minister of health.
For the 2017–18 fiscal year, Zulkarnain's ministry received a budget of B$323.88 million, including $7.77 million for development. Emphasising shared responsibility for health, he proposed consolidating health centres, improving emergency services, and securing international accreditations. To tackle rising non-communicable diseases and obesity, initiatives like Bandarku Ceria promoted active lifestyles, and excise taxes were introduced on unhealthy foods. Collaborating with the Ministry of Education, his ministry implemented school health initiatives, including hygiene campaigns and a traffic light system for healthier canteen food. He also stressed the need for safe alternative medicine, addressing risks from unregulated treatments.
On 1 December 2017, Zulkarnain was dismissed as minister of health in a minor cabinet reshuffle, the first since 2015, and was succeeded by Isham Jaafar, who was sworn in at the palace on 4 December.

## Honours

Zulkarnain has earned the following honours:
* Order of Setia Negara Brunei First Class (PSNB; 15 July 2016) – Dato Seri Setia
* Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei Second Class (DPMB; 15 July 2011) – Dato Paduka
* Excellent Service Medal (PIKB)
* National Day Silver Jubilee Medal (23 February 2009)
# Tong Feige

Tong Feige (Chinese: 童菲戈; born 23 July 2002) is a Chinese footballer currently playing as a defender for Beijing BSU.

## Club career

Tong was part of a nine-month training camp with Argentine side Banfield, from 2018 to 2019.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 29 April 2022.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Hebei Zhuoao | 2020 | China League Two | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Beijing BSU | 2021 | China League One | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Beijing BSU | 2022 | China League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Beijing BSU | Total | Total | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Quanzhou Yassin (loan) | 2021 | China League Two | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 |
* ↑ Appearances in the Chinese FA Cup
# Raveendra Bandara

Raveendra Bandara is a Sri Lankan politician. He was elected to the Sri Lankan Parliament from Badulla Electoral District as a member of the National People's Power.

## Electoral history

| Election | Constituency | Party | Alliance | Votes | Result |
| 2024 parliamentary | Badulla District | JVP | NPP | 50822 | Elected |
# Lila Kari

Lila Kari (née Sântean) is a Romanian and Canadian computer scientist, professor in the David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science at the University of Waterloo, Canada.

## Biography

Professor Kari earned a master's degree at the University of Bucharest in 1987, studying there with Gheorghe Păun, and then moved to the University of Turku in Finland for her graduate studies, earning a Ph.D. in 1991 under the supervision of Arto Salomaa. She came to the University of Western Ontario as a visiting professor in 1993, and by 1996 had been hired there as a tenure-track faculty member. In 2017 she accepted a position of professor of computer science and University Research Chair at the University of Waterloo.

## Research

Kari's thesis research was in formal language theory. In the mid-1990s, inspired by an article by Leonard Adleman in Science, she shifted her interests to DNA computing. In her research, together with Laura Landweber, she has initiated and explored the study of computational power of DNA processing in ciliates, using her expertise to show that the DNA operations performed by genetic recombination in these organisms are Turing complete. In that decade, she also studied theoretical issues relevant to DNA biomollecules such nondeterminism and undecidability in self-assembly. Since the early 2000s, she has focused on the study of genomic signatures and alignment-free methods for biodiversity informatics. Her methods use various theoretical concepts such as Chaos Game Representation of DNA genomic sequences, as well as computational tools including supervised and unsupervised machine learning to identify and classify organisms from different species. A salient application of her work is in the study of genomic signatures of microbial extremophiles where she and her team have uncovered evidence suggesting that, besides taxonomic information, environmental information might also be present in genomic signatures.

## Awards and honors

Kari won the Rolf Nevanlinna doctoral thesis award for the best Finnish mathematics doctoral thesis in 1991.
From 2002 to 2011, she held a Canada Research Chair in Biocomputing. Kari won the 2015 Rozenberg Tulip Award in DNA Computing, which is awarded by the International Society for Nanoscale Science, Computation and Engineering to recognize outstanding achievements in Biomolecular Computing and Molecular Programming.
# Rob Hudson

Robert John "Rob" Hudson (born 9 December 1955, in Melbourne, Victoria) is a former Australian politician. He holds honours degrees in social work and law, and was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the Labor Party. He was elected to the Bentleigh electorate in the 2002 state election defeating incumbent Inga Peulich, and was re-elected in 2006 before being defeated in 2010.

## Career

Prior to his election as the member for Bentleigh, he worked at the Brotherhood of St Laurence, and was the Director of the Victorian Council of Social Service. In 1993, he became Senior Advisor to the Deputy Prime Minister of Australia. He held this position for three years before becoming the CEO of WorkPlacement. From 1999, he held the position of Social Policy Director to the Premier of Victoria. After being elected to parliament in 2002, he became the Chair of the Victorian Parliamentary Law Reform Committee from 2002 to 2006, the Parliamentary Secretary for Infrastructure from 2006 to 2007, the Parliamentary Secretary for Public Transport and the Arts from 2007 to 2009, and Parliamentary Secretary to the Premier and for the Arts in 2010. He was a supporter of abortion law reform in 2008 and voted for the bill.
Hudson was defeated in the 2010 Victorian state election by Elizabeth Miller of the Liberal Party, losing by just 441 votes. His defeat allowed the Liberal-National Party Coalition to form government by one seat.

## Personal life

Hudson is a supporter of the Hawthorn Football Club.
# Rudka Gołębska

Rudka Gołębska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamionka, within Lubartów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Kamionka, 13 km (8 mi) west of Lubartów, and 27 km (17 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin.
# Benoit (book)

Benoit: Wrestling with the Horror that Destroyed a Family and Crippled a Sport is a 2007 non-fiction book co-written by sports journalists Heath McCoy, Greg Oliver, Steven Johnson, and Irvin Muchnick. about the Canadian professional wrestler Chris Benoit and his murder-suicide of his family. It consists of four essays, one by each author, about Benoit, his wife Nancy and their 7-year-old son Daniel, their deaths, and the aftermath of the murders. The book was released by the Canadian publisher ECW Press in October 2007.

## Publication history

The book was released in October 2007 and include an introduction which is followed by four essays that each discuss the subject from a distinct perspective.
* The media's coverage of the story and the role of the media in the story itself is covered first by Steven Johnson, investigative reporter. His essay was named "Roids, Reporters, and Rasslin': Anatomy of a Feeding Frenzy".
* Heath McCoy looks over the facts of the case and examines Benoit's Alberta wrestling roots in Stampede Wrestling with the Hart family. His essay was titled "Stampede Days: A Crippler on the Rise".
* Irvin Muchnick gives his opinion on the pop-cultural relevance and the place of this tragedy in the history of professional wrestling. His essay was named "Day of the Dead".
* Greg Oliver discusses the Benoit story in the context of the professional wrestling industry and personal correspondence with Benoit.
To advertise the book Oliver went on Entertainment Tonight Canada and McCoy went on Live Audio Wrestling to be interviewed.

## Reception

Pre-orders of the book establish it as one of the 400 top-ranked sellers at Amazon Canada by September 26. Interest was mainly fueled by the two-part interview with co-author Greg Oliver the same week on the Canadian edition of Entertainment Tonight. By May 2008 it was the number one book on Amazon.ca's wrestling category.
Shaun Smith of Quill & Quire stated that Muchnick finished the book with a "gem", feeling that his segment assembled the facts but let the reader connect the dots. Mike Jenkinson of SLAM! Wrestling expressed that he was leery when approaching the book, worrying that it would be a "rush job" but that it was far better than he expected it to be even with many faults. Bryan Dykens of the Online World of Wrestling gave the book a score of 8/10 and expressed that the book told the story of the Benoit tragedy as straightforward as it had ever been told. Patrick Hickey Jr. of Reviewfix felt that the book was a satisfying read by featuring "a near perfect blend of commentary, journalism and nostalgia" and that it is a quick read that any serious wrestling fan should take a look at.
The book was nominated for Best Pro Wrestling Book at the 2008 Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards.
# Neil Evans (footballer)

Neil Evans (born 6 February 1947) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Evans, who spent his early football years with both Essendon Baptists St John's juniors and University High School Old Boys, played his football as a ruckman. After playing 10 games with Essendon in 1967, Evans was kept out of the side for most of the 1968 season with a hamstring injury. His first game of the year was a preliminary final and a week later he appeared in the 1968 VFL Grand Final, which Essendon lost to Carlton by just three points.
After coming close in 1968, Evans was a member of a premiership team in 1969, with West Perth in the West Australian National Football League. It was his only season at West Perth, a club that his elder brother and future AFL chairman Ron Evans played for earlier in the decade. He finished his career with two seasons at Sandringham in the Victorian Football Association.
# Ar Rayth

Ar Rayth (الريث) is one of the governorates in Jizan Region, Saudi Arabia.
# Rudka Kijańska

Rudka Kijańska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrów Lubelski, within Lubartów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south of Ostrów Lubelski, 19 km (12 mi) east of Lubartów, and 30 km (19 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# By Myself (Lil Baby and Rylo Rodriguez song)

"By Myself" is a song by American rappers Lil Baby and Rylo Rodriguez featuring American rapper Rod Wave from Lil Baby's fourth studio album WHAM (2025). It was produced by Krazy Mob, DJ Moon and Williskeating.

## Composition

"By Myself" is a melodic song in which the rappers reflect on their roads to success and those who helped them during the journey.

## Critical reception

Elias Andrews of HotNewHipHop wrote "Lil Baby does his thing on the song, but Rod Wave may steal the show here. The rapper is known for putting forth a somber and mournful personal. It's become a meme at this point, to get Rod Wave on a song if you want it to sound sad. There's a reason why, though: he's good at it. Wave sounds fantastic on this moody instrumental, and he gives his all during the music video. He's the artist who seems to be the most invested in the emotion being conveyed by the chorus and the verses. Rylo Rodriguez does a fine job on the back end of the song."

## Music video

The music video was released on January 6, 2025. Directed by Nyce, it finds the three rappers at an apartment complex and gambling with massive amounts of cash in a game of craps in a hallway. The clip contains footage filmed from a hand-held camera, in both color and black-and-white.

## Charts

Chart performance for "By Myself" :
| Chart (2025) | Peak position |
| Global 200 (Billboard) | 169 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 15 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 44 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 10 |
# María Teresa Vera

María Teresa Vera (February 6, 1895 – December 17, 1965) was a Cuban singer, guitarist and composer. She was an outstanding example of the Cuban trova movement.

## Career

She started her career as a singer in 1911 in a theater where she sang the criolla Mercedes of Manuel Corona. Her first guitar teacher was the cigar-roller José Díaz. Manuel Corona continued her musical education by explaining such things as the different methods for first and second guitar, and eventually taught her his compositions.
She formed a duo with Rafael Zequeira from 1916 until 1924 when he fell ill and died. They made over a hundred recordings together in New York, most of which have not survived. Then she met Carlos Godinez, a composer, who taught her more about the guitar; the friendship lasted until his death in 1950.
She then formed the Sexteto Occidente in 1925 with Miguel García as first voice, clavé and Director (because he knew most about music), Ignacio Piñeiro on double bass, Julio Torres Biart on tres, Manuel Reinoso on bongo and Francisco Sánchez on maracas. They were a group of talented musicians who would have sparkling careers.
She joined Lorenzo Hierrezuelo as a duo in 1935, and this duo lasted for 27 years. For much of this time Hierrezuelo ran his duo with Vera alongside his partnership with Company Segundo (Francisco Repilado), as the duo Los Compadres.
One of her best compositions, the habanera Veinte años, has been performed by a number of Cuban artists; Sólo pienso en ti, a bolero–son, is also well-known. In 1945 she was contracted to Circuito CMQ for the radio program Cosas de Ayer. In the 1950s, she appeared in the TV program El Casino de la Alegría and in the 1960s she received public tributes on her retirement in 1962.

## Opinions of her

In his biography Jorge Calderón gives the opinions of 32 Cuban composers and musicians on her career. Silvio Rodríguez said of her:
   Her voice was without vibrato, dry; hitting the notes, only prolonging a note so as to slide from one tone to another, which gave [her voice] a grace, or, much better, a singular character. Her production seemed nonchalant, natural, colloquial ... Always there were variations on the original melody, [since] she was always interpreting [the piece] creatively.
Pablo Milanés contented himself with saying "María Teresa is for me the embodiment of Cuban song."
María Teresa Linares, the musicologist, said of her and Hierrezuelo:
   I believe the most important period [for them] was their 27 years as a duet, Lorenzo on first guitar, Vera on second. Hierrezuelo's voice was at its best ... [and] María Teresa's voice was unrivaled at the time. The quality of their appoggiaturas, adornments, refinements, and their interpretation ... reached its highest point. All in all, it was the most sublime expression of the Cuban song.

## Tribute

On February 6, 2020, Google celebrated her 125th birthday with a Google Doodle.
# Viktor Kruglov

Viktor Mikhailovich Kruglov (Russian: Виктор Михайлович Круглов; born 19 January 1955, in Podolsk) is a retired Soviet football player.

## Honours

* Soviet Top League winner: 1976 (autumn).
* Soviet Cup winner: 1986.

## International career

Kruglov made his debut for USSR on 28 November 1976 in a friendly against Argentina. He played in a 1978 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Hungary.