OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Gould (businessman)

George Gould (6 April 1865 – 26 May 1941) was a New Zealand farmer, businessman, stock breeder, racehorse owner and breeder, and racing administrator. He was born in Christchurch, New Zealand on 6 April 1865. His father (1823–1889), a prominent businessman, had the same name. He was the uncle of George Macdonald. He was the grandfather of British politician, Bryan Gould.
He was chairman of the New Zealand Shipping Company for some time. In 1929, he proposed a variety of measures to relieve traffic congestion in Colombo Street and Cathedral Square, including a new bridge over the Avon River connecting Oxford Terrace with Durham Street south, and a new diagonal street from the Armagh Street / Manchester Street intersection to Gloucester Street near its intersection with Colombo Street. The latter proposal would have required the demolition of the Colosseum. Gould suggested this diagonal street be called Little High Street, in reference to the diagonal High Street further south in the central city. Only two weeks after Gould's proposal, a group of businessman led by Arthur Francis Stacey put a proposal for a new street with a Spanish theme to Christchurch City Council's town planning committee. The group had secured options on the Colosseum and on those two properties that separated the Colosseum from access onto Armagh Street. New Regent Street is what came from Stacey's proposal.
He died on 26 May 1941 in Christchurch. His sister Mabel, the widow of the Hon. Henry A. Hannen (himself the son of James Hannen, Baron Hannen), died in the same week.
# Leanne Cope

Leanne Michelle Cope (born September 13, 1983) is an English ballet dancer and theatre actress. She achieved prominence as First Artist for The Royal Ballet, after training in the Royal Ballet School and graduating in 2003.
In 2015, she originated the role of Lise Dassin in the original Broadway production of An American in Paris, a role originated in film by Leslie Caron. She had previously played the role in the Théâtre du Châtelet. Her performance was critically acclaimed, and Cope received both Drama Desk and Tony Award nominations for Best Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical.

## Early life and education

Cope was born in Bath, and began dancing at the age of five. She first trained at The Dorothy Colebourn School of Dance before joining The Royal Ballet Lower School at the age of 11, and started taking ballet seriously at the age of 15.

## Acting career

After graduating, Cope became a dancer for The Royal Ballet, and in 2009 she became First Artist of the company. The choreographer Liam Scarlett called her "a presence on stage like no other".
In 2014, while dancing in The Royal Ballet's Swan Lake, Cope was spotted by Christopher Wheeldon, who was looking for a leading actress for his stage version of the film An American in Paris. Having heard that Cope sang at school, Wheeldon asked her to sing for him. Cope sang "The Man I Love", and was cast in the role of Lise. While preparing for the role, she met with Leslie Caron, who originated the role of Lise in the 1951 film, to discuss the character. The show, also starring Robert Fairchild as Jerry, opened on 12 April, and Cope received praise for her performance. In a review, David Rooney from The Hollywood Reporter wrote that Cope "has delicacy and charm; she's a confident singer, and while there's only a passing physical resemblance, her diminutive size and that chic French bob subtly recall Caron." In 2016, it was announced that An American in Paris will be heading to the West End, with both Fairchild and Cope reprising their roles. The musical began previews on 4 March 2017.

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Work | Outcome |
| 2015 | Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical | An American in Paris | Nominated |
| 2015 | Tony Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical | An American in Paris | Nominated |
| 2015 | Drama League Award for Distinguished Performance | An American in Paris | Nominated |
| 2015 | Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical | An American in Paris | Nominated |
| 2015 | Fred and Adele Astaire Award for Best Female Dancer | An American in Paris | Won |
| 2015 | Dorothy Loudon Award for Excellence | An American in Paris | Won |
| 2016 | Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album | An American in Paris | Nominated |
# Jawaharial Williams

Jawaharial Williams is a Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives for the 10th district. The district includes parts of the Chicago neighborhoods of Austin, East Garfield Park, Humboldt Park, Lincoln Park, Logan Square, Near North Side, Near West Side, West Garfield Park, and West Town.
Williams was appointed in May 2019 to replace outgoing representative Melissa Conyears-Ervin after her election to the post of City Treasurer of Chicago.
Before his appointment as state representative, Williams was a laborer in the Chicago Department of Water Management, a member of the Laborers' International Union of North America and Plumbers Local 130 UA, former president of the Young Democrats of Illinois, and a community volunteer. He is a member of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity.
Williams is the step-son of Chicago Alderman Walter Burnett Jr.
As of July 3, 2022, Representative Williams is a member of the following Illinois House committees:
* Financial Institutions Committee (HFIN)
* Labor & Commerce Committee (HLBR)
* Public Utilities Committee (HPUB)
* Transportation: Regulation, Roads & Bridges Committee (HTRR)
* Transportation: Vehicles & Safety Committee (HVES)
* Utilities Subcommittee (HPUB-UTIL)

## Electoral history

Illinois 10th Representative District Democratic Primary, 2020 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Jawaharial "Omar" Williams (incumbent) | 8,334 | 45.19 |
| | Democratic | Gerard C. Moorer | 5,872 | 31.84 |
| | Democratic | Gina Zuccaro | 4,237 | 22.97 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 18,443 | 100.0 |
Illinois 10th Representative District General Election, 2020 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Jawaharial "Omar" Williams (incumbent) | 38,256 | 100.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 38,256 | 100.0 |
Illinois 10th Representative District General Election, 2022 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Jawaharial "Omar" Williams (incumbent) | 24,344 | 100.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 24,344 | 100.0 |
# Zbigniew Jaśnikowski

Zbigniew Jaśnikowski (born 15 May 1955) is a Polish chess International Master (1981).

## Chess career

In 1976 Zbigniew Jaśnikowski made his debut in the Swiss-system tournament final of Polish Chess Championship in Bydgoszczy, taking 13th place with 63 players. Until 1992 he participated in the finals of the national chess championship ten times, achieving the greatest success in 1990 in Warsaw, where (after with Włodzimierz Schmidt and Paweł Stempin) won the bronze medal. Also he won three medals in Polish Team Chess Championship: silver (1999) and 2 bronze (1990, 2000).
Zbigniew Jaśnikowski achieved his first serious successes in 1980, winning international chess tournament in Pristina and taking 3rd place in the international chess tournament in Wrocław. In 1987 he won the open chess tournament in Warsaw (before Pavel Blatný), in 1988 - in Esbjerg (North Sea Cup, tournament B), while in 1989 and 1990 he won twice in Aarhus. In 1990 Zbigniew Jaśnikowski also won in Douai (against Nino Kirov, Zigurds Lanka, Gennadij Timoscenko, Aleksander Wojtkiewicz and Andrei Sokolov) and Taastrup (tournament B), and in 1991 - in Dubai. In 1992, he shared the 1st place (together with Aloyzas Kveinys and Mirosław Grabarczyk) in the open tournament Akiba Rubinstein Memorial in Polanica-Zdrój, while in 1994 Zbigniew Jaśnikowski took the 1st place in Memorial of Tadeusz Gniot]] in Police. One of his recent successes was a victory in Berlin in 1999.
Zbigniew Jaśnikowski played for Poland in the Chess Olympiads:
* In 1988, at second reserve board in the 28th Chess Olympiad in Thessaloniki (+1, =2, -1),
* In 1990, at first reserve board in the 29th Chess Olympiad in Novi Sad (+3, =3, -1).
Zbigniew Jaśnikowski played for Poland in the European Team Chess Championships:
* In 1989, at sixth board in the 9th European Team Chess Championship in Haifa (+1, =1, -2).
Zbigniew Jaśnikowski achieved the highest rating in his career on January 1, 1994, with a score of 2475 points, he was ranked 6th among Polish chess players. Since 2000, he participates very rarely in chess tournaments classified by International Chess Federation.
# Thomas Bowler (RAF officer)

Air-Vice Marshal Thomas Geoffrey Bowler CB CBE (1 March 1895 – 5 September 1974) was a senior Royal Air Force officer.
Bowler was educated at Bloxham School in Oxfordshire. He joined the British Army at the outbreak of the First World War, commissioning into the Dorset Regiment. He was promoted to captain on 23 August 1915, and served in the Gallipoli Campaign. He was mentioned in dispatches in 1916. In 1917, he transferred to the Royal Flying Corps. Bowler was made Flight Lieutenant (Aeroplane Branch) in 1919 in the Royal Air Force and afterwards held numerous RAF appointments in England and the Middle East. He started his service in the Second World War as a wing commander, ending the war as an air commodore.
He was promoted to air-vice marshal in 1947. Bowler was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 7 June 1951, having retired from the Royal Air Force two months earlier.
# Musse

Musse kan refer to:
* Musse (name), surname and given name
* Musse, nickname for Mustafa (among others)

## Geography
### Angola

* Musse, various rivers in Angola

### Denmark

* Musse Herred, a previous hundred of Denmark
** Musse Church, a church on Lolland, Denmark, previously part of Musse Herred
** Store Musse, a village on Lolland, Denmark, previously part of Musse Herred, now Guldborgsund Municipality
* Musse Sogn, a county in Denmark

## Swedish

* Musse Pigg, the Swedish name for Mickey Mouse
* Musse, Swedish slang for vehicles named Mustang, such as the Ford Mustang and North American P-51 Mustang

## Ukrainian

* Musse, transliteration of Муссе, Ukrainian for Moussey
# Lac-Phe

Lactoylphenylalanine, or Lac-Phe, is an N-lactoyl-amino acid metabolite produced by mammals and microorganisms. In humans, levels are increased by intense exercise and in the inborn error of metabolism phenylketonuria. In mice, high levels of Lac-Phe in the blood cause a decrease of food intake and in humans, its production has been shown to correlate with adipose tissue loss during an endurance exercise intervention. In mammals it is created from (S)-lactate and L-phenylalanine by the cytosol nonspecific dipeptidase (CNDP2) protein. It is classified as N-acyl-alpha-amino acid and pseudodipeptide.
It has also been reported that as an additive, N-L-lactoyl phenylalanine improves the taste of food, conferring an umami flavor. It is found naturally in significant amounts in some traditional Chinese fermented foods such as preserved pickles and soy sauce, and in Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese. Oral intake of Lac-Phe does not have anti-obesity effects in mice, though intraperitoneal injection does reduce food intake and weight gain. Activity dependent cell labeling indicates Lac-Phe activated neural populations in the hypothalamus and brainstem.
# Atalay Babacan

Atalay Babacan (born 28 June 2000) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Turkish club Ümraniyespor in the TFF First League.

## Club career
### Galatasaray

In 2015, he transferred to Galatasaray infrastructure. Playing for Galatasaray U-16, U-17 and U-21 teams, Babacan signed a 3-year official contract with Galatasaray on 8 October 2018. He played his first official game against Galatasaray on 5 December 2018, in the 5th round match of the Turkish Cup, at Keçiörengücü away. The young star, who stayed on the field for 65 minutes, scored the first goal of his team in the match that Galatasaray won 2–1.

#### Ümraniyespor (loan)

On 26 January 2022, Galatasaray announced that the 21-year-old football player was loaned to Ümraniyespor, one of the TFF First League teams, until the end of the season.

#### Sarıyer (loan)

On 8 September 2022, he signed a 1-year loan contract with TFF Second League team Sarıyer.
# Nitzanim

Nitzanim (Hebrew: נִצָּנִים, lit. 'Flower buds') is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located between Ashkelon and Ashdod on the Nitzanim dunes, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hof Ashkelon Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 624.

## History

Nitzanim was established on 8 December 1943 on a 400-acre plot of land purchased by the Jewish National Fund in 1942. On the grounds is a large building that became known as the "mansion." The first residents were new immigrants, some of them Holocaust survivors.
The kibbutz was bombarded and captured by the Egyptian army during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War in the Battle of Nitzanim. Of Nitzanim's 141 members, 37 were killed and many were taken prisoner.
Following the war, the kibbutz was moved four kilometres south of the original location, onto the land of the newly depopulated Palestinian village of Hamama.
The original site of the kibbutz became Nitzanim Youth Village in 1949. After the youth village closed in 1990, the community settlement of Nitzan was founded there.
* Nitzanim 1945
* Nitzanim ploughing 1945
* Nitzanim 1947
* Homes in Nitzanim destroyed in the Arab–Israeli War
# Mount Silverthrone

Mount Silverthrone, officially named Silverthrone Mountain, is a mountain in the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, located over 320 km (200 mi) northwest of the city of Vancouver and about 50 km (30 mi) west of Mount Waddington, British Columbia, Canada. It is the highest peak in the Ha-Iltzuk Icefield, which is the largest icefield in the Coast Mountains south of the Alaska Panhandle.

## Geology

Mount Silverthrone is an eroded lava dome on the northeast edge of a large caldera complex called the Silverthrone Caldera. It lies within the Coast Plutonic Complex, which is the single largest contiguous granite outcropping in the world. The plutonic and metamorphic rocks extend approximately 1,800 kilometers on the coast of British Columbia, southwestern Yukon and southeastern Alaska. In addition, Garibaldi, Meager, Cayley and Silverthrone areas are of recent volcanic origin. The volcanic terrain in the Silverthrone area is very similar to the Mount Meager massif further south. However, there is much more ice.
Mount Silverthrone is among the heavily glaciated peaks in southwestern British Columbia. It has a topographic prominence of approximately 975 m (3,200 ft), greater than any other volcano in southwestern British Columbia. The extensive icefields around Mount Silverthrone are receding and are small compared to their former extent, but they are an impressive indication of how much of British Columbia looked 10,000 years or more ago. Silverthrone contains one of the few calderas buried beneath the ice caps of western Canada, another example being Mount Edziza in far northwestern British Columbia.

## Skiing and recreation

The first mountaineering visit at Mount Silverthrone was in 1936 by the famous pioneering climbing couple Don and Phyllis Munday, accompanied by Henry Hall, by walking up the Klinaklini Glacier from the head of Knight Inlet. Because Silverthrone is heavily glaciated, Don Munday called the mountain "home of the snows".
Skiing on Mount Silverthrone includes skiing on the largest ice field in the southern Coast Mountains, the Ha-Iltzuk Icefield. It is skiable over 1,500 m (5,000 ft), possibly over 2,700 m (9,000 ft) down to the Pacific Ocean. The easiest access to Mount Silverthrone is by air travel, starting from the rural community of Tatla Lake, landing on the major part of the Ha-Iltzuk Icefield. Air travels can also be made into logging camps at Owikeno Lake to the west or at the start of Knight Inlet to the southwest, followed by long hiking and skiing methods.
# Barış Ekincier

Barış Ekincier (Azerbaijani: Barış Əkinçiər; born 24 March 1999) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Turkish club Ümraniyespor. Born in Germany, he has represented Azerbaijan at youth international levels up to the under-21s.

## Club career

Ekincier began his football career with the youth teams of FC Iserlohn and Rot-Weiss Essen, before joining the VfL Bochum youth academy in 2017. In August 2017, he played for the first team in a friendly match against Bayer Leverkusen.
In June 2018, Ekincier signed his first professional contract with VfL Bochum, lasting two years until 30 June 2020. On 19 August 2018, he appeared for Bochum in the first round of the 2018–19 DFB-Pokal, coming on as a substitute in the 62nd minute for Tom Weilandt in the 1–0 away loss against Regionalliga Nord side Weiche Flensburg. Ekincier made his 2. Bundesliga debut for Bochum on 5 April 2019, coming on as a substitute in the 74th minute for Miloš Pantović in the 2–1 away loss against Jahn Regensburg.
On 18 July 2019, it was announced that Ekincier had joined SK Austria Klagenfurt on a season-long loan deal.

## International career

Ekincier was included in hosts Azerbaijan's squad for the 2016 UEFA European Under-17 Championship in May 2016. He appeared in Azerbaijan's first two matches, with the team being eliminated in the group stage of the tournament.

## Personal life

Ekincier was born in the German city of Hemer, North Rhine-Westphalia and is of Turkish descent.
# ARL Tracteur C

The "ARL Tracteur C", or ARL Char C, was a French super-heavy tank design. It was developed during the late interwar period by the Atelier de Construction de Rueil (ARL) company. A full-scale wooden mock-up was partly produced, but the project was terminated in favor of the FCM F1, a direct competitor which proved to be superior. The vehicle was meant to be extremely heavy and for that time period, very heavily armored. The ARL C was intended to be very long to meet the requirement to cross trenches up to 7 meters wide. The tank was multi-turreted like the FCM F1; however, unlike the FCM F1, the ARL C had the main turret in front of the very long hull right behind the secondary turret, not at the back of vehicle. The development path of the ARL C was extremely complex, due to the existence of a number of parallel super-heavy tank projects with overlapping design goals, the specifications of which were regularly changed. For each project in turn, several companies submitted one or more competing proposals.

## Second World War

In September 1938, the ARL company was granted a development contract for the char maximum, the first proposal for which was presented by ARL in May 1939. It had a proposed weight of 120 tons, consisted of two detachable modules, armor up to 120 mm thick and could be armed with either a gun or a flamethrower. The commission decided that only the gun-tank would be considered, however.
In 1940, the specifications of ARL's tank, now named as "Tracteur C" to keep the project secret from outsiders, were changed: the tank was designed to have two turrets, with a 47 mm gun in the front and a new larger turret with a 90 mm gun in the back. ARL on 17 January 1940 ordered four turrets from the Schneider company, but it agreed only to build two 105 mm gun turrets and refused the two 90 mm gun turrets, as there was simply no capacity to manufacture them. In April 1940, after AMX's AMX Tracteur C programme was terminated, the subcommission advised to go ahead with both the FCM F1 and the ARL prototypes, and immediately place an order for ten or fifteen of the former. That advice was given to a new overarching Commission of Tank Study, to which ARL presented a wooden mock-up on 11 April 1940; FCM presented one the next day. It transpired that the FCM project was far more advanced and could show the new tank in every detail. Due to this, ARL's project was terminated. Only the partially finished full-scale wooden mockup was produced.
After the Fall of France, in July 1940, the wooden mockup was captured by German forces. However, as the French super-heavy tank designs were unnecessary for the Wehrmacht, the mockup was soon dismantled and design documentation was apparently destroyed.

## Sources

* "1940 CHAR ARL TRACTEUR C". chars-francais.net (in French). Archived from the original on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
* "ARL Tracteur C". aviarmor.net (in Russian). Archived from the original on 31 May 2017. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
# Meyer Solomon

Michael (Meyer) Solomon was a successful Bishopsgate manufacturer, and was one of the first Jews to be admitted to the freedom of the City of London.
Solomon's family arrived in England from Europe, possibly Holland or Germany, sometime at the end of the eighteenth century. His wife's name was Catherine (Kate) Levy, and he was the father of eight children. Three of these—Abraham, Rebecca, and Simeon—became notable painters, their other children were named Aaron, Betsy, Isaac, Ellen, and Sylvester.
Solomon lived in a well established Jewish community in No. 3 Sandys Street, Bishopsgate, London, and his considerable wealth allowed him to be accepted by London society while maintaining their heritage. His business concern was as a manufacturer of Leghorn hats.
Solomon was a freemason, having joined the Premier Grand Lodge of England.
# Cihan Topaloğlu

Cihan Topaloğlu (born 30 March 1992) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Ümraniyespor.

## Career

A youth product of Bozdoğan Belediyespor, Balçovaspor, and Altınordu, Topaloğlu signed his first professional contract with Altınordu in 2009. He made his senior debut with them in a 2–0 TFF Third League win over Muğlaspor on 25 April 2010. Usually Altay's reserve goalkeepers, played amateur football from 2012 to 2014 before returning to Altay where he went on successive loans to Bucaspor 1928, Manisa FK and Silivrispor. He transferred to Çaykur Rizespor in 2017, and helped them win the 2017–18 TFF First League. He joined Altay in 2019, and helped them get promoted into the Süper Lig in 2021. He made his professional debut with Altay in a 1–0 Turkish Cup loss to Beşiktaş on 30 December 2021.

## Honours

Çaykur Rizespor
* TFF First League: 2017–18