# International Short Film Festival Oberhausen

The International Short Film Festival Oberhausen, founded in 1954, is one of the oldest short film festivals in the world. Held in Oberhausen, it is one of the major international platforms for the short form. The festival holds an International Competition, a German Competition, an International Children's and Youth Film Competition, the MuVi Award for best German music video, and, since 2009, the NRW Competition for productions from the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Oberhausen is known today for its extensive thematic programmes such as "Memories Can't-Wait. Film without Film" (2014), "The Language of Attraction. Trailers between Advertising and the Avant-garde" (2019), "Solidarity as Disruption" (2021/22) or "Synchronize. Pan-African Film Networks" (2022). The festival also offers visitors a well-equipped Video Library, operates a non-commercial short-film distribution service and owns an archive of short films from over 70 years of cinema history.

## History

The International Short Film Festival Oberhausen was founded in 1954 by the director of the Oberhausen Volkshochschule (adult education centre), Hilmar Hoffmann, in association with the Filmclub Oberhausen under the name "1st West German Educational Film Festival". The event was initially geared toward fulfilling an educational policy mandate, and the motto chosen for the first festival was "Cultural Film – Route to Education". 45 films from the Federal Republic of Germany, France and the USA were featured.
At the 4th West German Educational Film Festival in 1958, the motto "Way to the Neighbour" was introduced, and the festival continued until 1997. In 1959, the "West German Short Film Festival" was rechristened. Oberhausen soon made a political name, chiefly because many films produced in the Eastern Bloc could only be viewed in Oberhausen. This situation led to the festival's rapid ascent and reputation as a "short film mecca". As early as the 1950s, however, visitors were also treated to works by young filmmakers from the West, such as François Truffaut, Norman McLaren, Alain Resnais, Bert Haanstra, and Lindsay Anderson. At the fourth festival 1958, 190 films from 29 countries had already been included.
At the eighth festival in 1962, a group of young German filmmakers, among them Alexander Kluge, Peter Schamoni and Edgar Reitz, issued the Oberhausen Manifesto, pronouncing the "old" film dead and declaring their aspiration to create a new kind of German film.
The 1960s then culminated in a 1968 scandal surrounding Hellmuth Costard's film Besonders wertvoll, in which a talking penis criticized the new Film Funding Act of 1967. Responding to an objection issued by the public prosecutor's office, the festival removed the film from the official programme, after which many German filmmakers withdrew their works. Oberhausen emerged from the crisis with an amended set of regulations, including a public selection procedure for German films.
In the 1970s, the women's movement was a touchstone at the festival, with young filmmakers such as Chantal Akerman and Helma Sanders-Brahms showing their first films in Oberhausen. With its Children's and Youth Cinema, the festival inaugurated a new competition category in 1978. The 1970s also witnessed a wave of new festivals: ousted from the cinema, the short form found new screening options in the festival arena.
In the late 1980s, video and new media gradually emerged at Oberhausen. With the subsidence of the East/West conflict that had shaped the festival's early years, its role as a "window to the East" slowly faded. Now, the festival's profile as mediator and trailblazer between the worlds of short film and advertising clip, music video, industrial film, and video art – often subsumed under the generic term avant-garde – came to the fore.
In 1991, the festival was renamed the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen, the name it still bears today. That same year, Oberhausen introduced the nation's first competition for German short films. Since 1993, the festival has given film and video equal standing in its competitions. In 1999, Oberhausen introduced the first film festival award for music videos anywhere in the world, known as the "MuVi", which is still today awarded exclusively to directors for the visual quality of their clips. With the rise of video art, more and more films made by artists have found their way into festival programmes.
Today, Oberhausen presents short films and videos from various formal, cultural and social backgrounds. Large-scale special programmes take up a different theme each year, most recently "The Language of Attraction. Trailers between Advertising and the Avant-garde" (2019), "Solidarity as Disruption" (2021/22) or "Against Gravity. The Art of Machinima." (2023). The festival also maintains a Video Library featuring a large selection of recent international short films, regularly mounts, among others, profile programmes dedicated to individual artists and Market Screenings for international distributors of avant-garde film, and each year, hosts a discussion series called "Podium".
Due to the Corona pandemic in 2020, the festival organised its 66th edition entirely online, making it the first exclusively digital film festival in Germany. With over 2,500 festival passes sold and users in nearly 100 countries, the new format proved far more successful than expected. This was followed in 2021, too, by another all-digital festival edition. The 67th International Short Film Festival Oberhausen took place online from 1 May to 10. In ten days, the festival was almost double its usual length and presented three new online competitions for the first time (International Online Competition, German Online Competition, and Muvi International Award). In 2022, the festival returned to the cinemas with a hybrid edition, playing exclusively online from 29 April to 3 May and in the cinemas from 4 to 10 May. In 2023, the festival played exclusively in the cinemas again (26 April - 1 May).
Besides organizing the festival, Oberhausen operates a non-commercial short film distribution service, and its archive holds short films from over 70 years of film history.

## Careers

   I smoked my first cigarette here. For years, I saw every single film at the Westdeutsche Kurzfilmtage, looking forward to those days in Oberhausen every year. These events were important for me, for my decision to become a filmmaker.
   Short film is a great first step for a budding filmmaker. That’s how I made my beginnings, and Oberhausen was an important step on my path to become a director.
Today, the Festival is a qualifying festival for the short film Academy Awards and the BAFTA Awards. It is also a nominating festival for the European Film Prize; in addition, an expert jury annually nominates a children's film for the ECFA (European Children's Film Association) Short Film Award.
During the long history of the Oberhausen festival, many careers got off to a successful start. A few of the filmmakers and artists who showed their early works in Oberhausen:
* Eija-Liisa Ahtila
* Doug Aitken
* Kenneth Anger
* Andrea Arnold
* Jürgen Böttcher
* Stan Brakhage
* Vera Chytilová
* Valie Export
* Miloš Forman
* Werner Herzog
* Christoph Hochhäusler
* Hermine Huntgeburth
* Joris Ivens
* Isaac Julien
* Miranda July
* Romuald Karmakar
* Jochen Kuhn [de]
* Jan Lenica
* Chris Marker
* Bjørn Melhus
* Dore O. [de]
* Roman Polanski
* Pipilotti Rist
* Christoph Schlingensief
* Martin Scorsese
* István Szabó
* Agnès Varda
* Adolf Winkelmann

## Chronology

* 1954: Founded as Westdeutsche Kulturfilmtage
* 1958: Introduction of the motto "Weg zum Nachbarn"
* 1959: Renamed as Westdeutsche Kurzfilmtage
* 1962: Oberhausen Manifesto
* 1970: First computer-animated film
* 1989: Introduction of a video section
* 1991: Renamed as Internationale Kurzfilmtage Oberhausen; launch of the first German short film competition ever
* 1993: All competitions are opened for video productions to compete on an equal footing with film
* 1999: First film festival music video award in the world introduced
* 2002: Co-founder of the AG Kurzfilm e.v., the lobbying organisation for German short film
* 2019: Co-founder of AG Filmfestival, the lobbying organisation for German film festivals

## Numbers

* Almost 7,000 submissions from around 90 countries annually
* Approximately 500 films shown at each festival
* More than 1,000 accredited international visitors annually
* Awards totalling more than 41,000 €
* Accredited by the FIAPF since 1960
* Reference festival of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
* Nominating festival British Academy Film Awards and European Film Award of the European Film Academy

## Festival directors

* 1954–1970: Hilmar Hoffmann
* 1971–1975: Will Wehling
* 1975–1985: Wolfgang J. Ruf
* 1985–1990: Karola Gramann
* 1990–1997: Angela Haardt
* 1997–2024: Lars Henrik Gass [de]