# Demographics of Angola

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Demographic features of the population of Angola include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
According to 2014 census data, Angola had a population of 25,789,024 inhabitants in 2014. Ethnically, there are three main groups, each speaking a Bantu language: the Ovimbundu who represent 37% of the population, the Ambundu with 25%, and the Bakongo 11%. Other numerically important groups include the closely interrelated Chokwe and Lunda, the Ganguela and Nyaneka-Khumbi (in both cases classification terms that stand for a variety of small groups), the Ovambo, the Herero, the Xindonga and scattered residual groups of San. In addition, mixed race (European and African) people amount to about 7%, with nearly 1% of the population being whites, mainly ethnically Portuguese.
As a former overseas territory of Portugal until 1975, Angola possesses a Portuguese population of over 200,000, a number that has been growing from 2000 onwards, because of Angola's growing demand for qualified human resources. Currently, Around 300,000 Angolans are white, around 500,000 Angolans are mixed race or black and white, and around 50,000 Angolans are from China. This accounts for around 850,000 people. In 1974, white Angolans made up a population of 350,000 people in an overall population of 6.3 million Angolans at that time. The only reliable source on these numbers is Gerald Bender & Stanley Yoder, Whites in Angola on the Eve of Independence: The Politics of Numbers, Africa Today, 21 (4) 1974, pp. 23 – 37. Today, many Angolans who are not ethnic Portuguese can claim Portuguese nationality under Portuguese law. Estimates on the overall population are given in O Pais. Besides the Portuguese, significant numbers of people from other European and from diverse Latin American countries (especially Brazil) can be found. From the 2000s, many Chinese have settled and started up small businesses, while at least as many have come as workers for large enterprises (construction or other). Observers claim that the Chinese community in Angola might include as many as 300,000 persons at the end of 2010, but reliable statistics are not at this stage available. In 1974/75, over 25,000 Cuban soldiers arrived in Angola to help the MPLA forces at the beginning of the Angolan Civil War. Once this was over, a massive development cooperation in the field of health and education brought in numerous civil personnel from Cuba. However, only a very small percentage of all these people has remained in Angola, either for personal reasons (intermarriage) or as professionals (e.g., medical doctors).
The largest religious denomination is Catholicism, to which adheres about half the population. Roughly 26% are followers of traditional forms of Protestantism (Congregationals, Methodists, Baptista, Lutherans, Reformed), but over the last decades there has in addition been a growth of Pentecostal communities and African Initiated Churches. In 2006, one out of 221 people were Jehovah's Witnesses. Africans from Mali, Nigeria and Senegal are mostly Sunnite Muslims, but do not make up more than 1 - 2% of the population. By now few Angolans retain African traditional religions following different ethnic faiths.

## Population

According to the 2022 revision of the world factbook the total population was 34,795,287 in 2022. The proportion of children below the age of 14 in 2020 was 47.83%, 49.87% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 2.3% was 65 years or older.
| | Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) |
| 1950 | 4,148,000 | 41.2 | 55.7 | 3.1 |
| 1955 | 4,542,000 | 42.4 | 54.9 | 2.7 |
| 1960 | 4,963,000 | 43.7 | 53.6 | 2.7 |
| 1965 | 5,431,000 | 45.3 | 52.0 | 2.7 |
| 1970 | 5,926,000 | 46.0 | 51.3 | 2.7 |
| 1975 | 6,637,000 | 46.2 | 51.1 | 2.7 |
| 1980 | 7,638,000 | 46.5 | 50.8 | 2.7 |
| 1985 | 9,066,000 | 47.0 | 50.4 | 2.7 |
| 1990 | 10,335,000 | 47.5 | 49.9 | 2.6 |
| 1995 | 12,105,000 | 47.6 | 49.8 | 2.5 |
| 2000 | 13,926,000 | 47.7 | 49.9 | 2.5 |
| 2005 | 16,489,000 | 47.6 | 49.9 | 2.5 |
| 2010 | 19,082,000 | 46.6 | 50.9 | 2.5 |
| 2014 | 25,789,000 | 47.3 | 50.3 | 2.4 |
| 2020 | 32,522,339 | 47.8 | 49.9 | 2.3 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| Total | 12 499 041 | 13 289 983 | 25 789 024 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 2 484 582 | 2 513 566 | 4 998 148 | 19.38 |
| 5–9 | 2 062 888 | 2 097 287 | 4 160 174 | 16.13 |
| 10–14 | 1 504 180 | 1 533 993 | 3 038 173 | 11.78 |
| 15–19 | 1 222 700 | 1 287 736 | 2 510 436 | 9.73 |
| 20–24 | 1 020 699 | 1 153 802 | 2 174 501 | 8.43 |
| 25–29 | 913 726 | 1 031 323 | 1 945 050 | 7.54 |
| 30–34 | 714 239 | 789 281 | 1 503 520 | 5.83 |
| 35–39 | 654 408 | 728 550 | 1 382 959 | 5.36 |
| 40–44 | 510 344 | 539 742 | 1 050 085 | 4.07 |
| 45–49 | 417 953 | 446 951 | 864 904 | 3.35 |
| 50–54 | 332 638 | 376 532 | 709 169 | 2.75 |
| 55–59 | 229 641 | 253 678 | 483 319 | 1.87 |
| 60–64 | 165 937 | 190 217 | 356 154 | 1.38 |
| 65–69 | 95 614 | 119 773 | 215 387 | 0.84 |
| 70–74 | 78 673 | 101 494 | 180 167 | 0.70 |
| 75–79 | 39 257 | 53 687 | 92 944 | 0.36 |
| 80–84 | 28 351 | 38 441 | 66 792 | 0.26 |
| 85–89 | 9 967 | 14 861 | 24 828 | 0.10 |
| 90–94 | 7 603 | 10 572 | 18 175 | 0.07 |
| 95+ | 5 640 | 8 498 | 14 138 | 0.05 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 6 051 650 | 6 144 846 | 12 196 496 | 47.29 |
| 15–64 | 6 182 286 | 6 797 811 | 12 980 097 | 50.33 |
| 65+ | 265 105 | 347 326 | 612 431 | 2.37 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| Total | 15 168 180 | 15 959 494 | 31 127 674 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 2 499 013 | 2 501 045 | 5 000 058 | 16.06 |
| 5–9 | 2 486 762 | 2 525 617 | 5 012 379 | 16.10 |
| 10–14 | 2 109 413 | 2 147 502 | 4 256 915 | 13.68 |
| 15–19 | 1 646 467 | 1 703 593 | 3 350 060 | 10.76 |
| 20–24 | 1 324 586 | 1 389 321 | 2 713 907 | 8.72 |
| 25–29 | 1 080 096 | 1 160 339 | 2 240 435 | 7.20 |
| 30–34 | 893 015 | 978 811 | 1 871 826 | 6.01 |
| 35–39 | 743 420 | 828 169 | 1 571 589 | 5.05 |
| 40–44 | 618 724 | 692 419 | 1 311 143 | 4.21 |
| 45–49 | 503 305 | 556 808 | 1 060 113 | 3.41 |
| 50–54 | 401 888 | 445 257 | 847 145 | 2.72 |
| 55–59 | 304 199 | 343 355 | 647 554 | 2.08 |
| 60–64 | 222 814 | 258 393 | 481 207 | 1.55 |
| 65–69 | 148 455 | 180 188 | 328 643 | 1.06 |
| 70–74 | 93 883 | 119 433 | 213 316 | 0.69 |
| 75–79 | 53 235 | 71 070 | 124 305 | 0.40 |
| 80+ | 38 905 | 58 174 | 97 079 | 0.31 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 7 095 188 | 7 174 164 | 14 269 352 | 45.84 |
| 15–64 | 7 738 514 | 8 356 465 | 16 094 979 | 51.71 |
| 65+ | 334 478 | 428 865 | 763 343 | 2.45 |

## Vital statistics

Registration of vital events in Angola is not complete. The website Our World in Data prepared the following estimates based on statistics from the Population Department of the United Nations.
| | Mid-year population (thousands) | Live births (thousands) | Deaths (thousands) | Natural change (thousands) | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate (TFR) | Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) | Life expectancy (in years) |
| 1950 | 4 478 | 207 | 119 | 88 | 46.1 | 26.5 | 19.7 | 5.77 | 181.3 | 36.35 |
| 1951 | 4 570 | 212 | 122 | 91 | 46.5 | 26.7 | 19.8 | 5.83 | 180.9 | 36.39 |
| 1952 | 4 664 | 220 | 125 | 95 | 47.2 | 26.8 | 20.4 | 5.95 | 180.0 | 36.52 |
| 1953 | 4 759 | 227 | 128 | 100 | 47.8 | 26.8 | 21.0 | 6.06 | 179.1 | 36.73 |
| 1954 | 4 850 | 235 | 130 | 105 | 48.4 | 26.8 | 21.5 | 6.17 | 178.1 | 36.89 |
| 1955 | 4 938 | 242 | 133 | 109 | 48.9 | 26.8 | 22.0 | 6.27 | 177.0 | 37.12 |
| 1956 | 5 022 | 249 | 136 | 113 | 49.4 | 26.9 | 22.5 | 6.36 | 175.8 | 37.28 |
| 1957 | 5 104 | 256 | 138 | 118 | 49.9 | 26.9 | 23.0 | 6.46 | 174.6 | 37.50 |
| 1958 | 5 186 | 262 | 140 | 122 | 50.3 | 26.9 | 23.5 | 6.54 | 173.3 | 37.70 |
| 1959 | 5 270 | 268 | 142 | 127 | 50.7 | 26.8 | 24.0 | 6.63 | 171.9 | 37.97 |
| 1960 | 5 357 | 275 | 143 | 131 | 51.0 | 26.7 | 24.4 | 6.71 | 170.4 | 38.21 |
| 1961 | 5 441 | 280 | 150 | 130 | 51.3 | 27.5 | 23.8 | 6.79 | 168.9 | 37.27 |
| 1962 | 5 521 | 285 | 151 | 134 | 51.3 | 27.2 | 24.1 | 6.87 | 167.2 | 37.54 |
| 1963 | 5 600 | 289 | 152 | 137 | 51.3 | 26.9 | 24.4 | 6.95 | 165.5 | 37.82 |
| 1964 | 5 673 | 293 | 152 | 141 | 51.3 | 26.6 | 24.7 | 7.04 | 163.8 | 38.13 |
| 1965 | 5 737 | 296 | 151 | 145 | 51.3 | 26.2 | 25.1 | 7.12 | 161.9 | 38.50 |
| 1966 | 5 787 | 300 | 151 | 148 | 51.3 | 25.9 | 25.4 | 7.19 | 160.1 | 38.76 |
| 1967 | 5 828 | 302 | 151 | 151 | 51.3 | 25.6 | 25.7 | 7.27 | 158.1 | 39.09 |
| 1968 | 5 868 | 304 | 149 | 155 | 51.3 | 25.2 | 26.2 | 7.33 | 156.2 | 39.48 |
| 1969 | 5 928 | 307 | 148 | 158 | 51.4 | 24.8 | 26.5 | 7.39 | 154.3 | 39.83 |
| 1970 | 6 030 | 310 | 148 | 162 | 51.3 | 24.4 | 26.9 | 7.43 | 152.4 | 40.19 |
| 1971 | 6 177 | 313 | 148 | 165 | 50.7 | 23.9 | 26.8 | 7.47 | 150.5 | 40.55 |
| 1972 | 6 365 | 320 | 149 | 172 | 50.5 | 23.4 | 27.0 | 7.49 | 148.6 | 40.91 |
| 1973 | 6 578 | 331 | 151 | 180 | 50.5 | 23.0 | 27.5 | 7.50 | 146.8 | 41.27 |
| 1974 | 6 802 | 342 | 153 | 189 | 50.5 | 22.6 | 27.9 | 7.50 | 145.0 | 41.65 |
| 1975 | 7 033 | 354 | 161 | 194 | 50.5 | 22.9 | 27.6 | 7.49 | 144.6 | 41.19 |
| 1976 | 7 267 | 366 | 166 | 201 | 50.5 | 22.8 | 27.7 | 7.49 | 143.6 | 41.16 |
| 1977 | 7 512 | 378 | 169 | 209 | 50.5 | 22.6 | 28.0 | 7.48 | 142.0 | 41.44 |
| 1978 | 7 772 | 392 | 172 | 220 | 50.6 | 22.2 | 28.4 | 7.47 | 140.5 | 41.83 |
| 1979 | 8 043 | 407 | 176 | 231 | 50.7 | 21.9 | 28.8 | 7.46 | 139.1 | 42.18 |
| 1980 | 8 330 | 423 | 180 | 242 | 50.9 | 21.7 | 29.2 | 7.46 | 137.8 | 42.45 |
| 1981 | 8 631 | 440 | 185 | 255 | 51.1 | 21.5 | 29.6 | 7.46 | 136.5 | 42.77 |
| 1982 | 8 947 | 458 | 190 | 268 | 51.3 | 21.2 | 30.1 | 7.46 | 135.2 | 43.05 |
| 1983 | 9 277 | 477 | 203 | 274 | 51.6 | 22.0 | 29.6 | 7.46 | 136.1 | 42.09 |
| 1984 | 9 618 | 498 | 209 | 289 | 51.9 | 21.8 | 30.1 | 7.46 | 135.0 | 42.35 |
| 1985 | 9 971 | 519 | 215 | 304 | 52.1 | 21.6 | 30.6 | 7.45 | 134.0 | 42.65 |
| 1986 | 10 333 | 538 | 221 | 317 | 52.2 | 21.4 | 30.8 | 7.44 | 133.2 | 42.84 |
| 1987 | 10 694 | 557 | 245 | 312 | 52.1 | 22.9 | 29.2 | 7.41 | 136.5 | 40.92 |
| 1988 | 11 060 | 574 | 247 | 327 | 52.0 | 22.4 | 29.6 | 7.37 | 135.2 | 41.55 |
| 1989 | 11 439 | 590 | 253 | 337 | 51.7 | 22.2 | 29.5 | 7.33 | 134.8 | 41.77 |
| 1990 | 11 829 | 606 | 260 | 347 | 51.3 | 22.0 | 29.4 | 7.27 | 134.5 | 41.89 |
| 1991 | 12 229 | 622 | 250 | 372 | 50.9 | 20.5 | 30.5 | 7.21 | 131.1 | 43.81 |
| 1992 | 12 633 | 635 | 273 | 363 | 50.4 | 21.6 | 28.7 | 7.14 | 134.6 | 42.21 |
| 1993 | 13 038 | 650 | 279 | 371 | 49.9 | 21.4 | 28.5 | 7.07 | 131.2 | 42.10 |
| 1994 | 13 462 | 666 | 274 | 392 | 49.6 | 20.4 | 29.2 | 6.99 | 129.0 | 43.42 |
| 1995 | 13 912 | 683 | 262 | 422 | 49.2 | 18.8 | 30.4 | 6.92 | 128.6 | 45.85 |
| 1996 | 14 383 | 702 | 268 | 434 | 48.9 | 18.6 | 30.2 | 6.85 | 127.8 | 46.03 |
| 1997 | 14 871 | 719 | 273 | 446 | 48.4 | 18.4 | 30.0 | 6.79 | 126.5 | 46.31 |
| 1998 | 15 367 | 737 | 293 | 443 | 48.0 | 19.1 | 28.9 | 6.73 | 127.2 | 45.06 |
| 1999 | 15 871 | 757 | 296 | 461 | 47.8 | 18.7 | 29.1 | 6.68 | 123.7 | 45.39 |
| 2000 | 16 394 | 780 | 299 | 481 | 47.6 | 18.3 | 29.4 | 6.64 | 122.4 | 46.02 |
| 2001 | 16 942 | 805 | 301 | 504 | 47.6 | 17.8 | 29.8 | 6.60 | 118.5 | 46.59 |
| 2002 | 17 516 | 830 | 302 | 528 | 47.4 | 17.3 | 30.2 | 6.57 | 116.0 | 47.39 |
| 2003 | 18 124 | 855 | 286 | 569 | 47.2 | 15.8 | 31.4 | 6.53 | 110.0 | 49.62 |
| 2004 | 18 771 | 883 | 284 | 599 | 47.1 | 15.2 | 31.9 | 6.50 | 105.7 | 50.59 |
| 2005 | 19 451 | 912 | 282 | 630 | 46.9 | 14.5 | 32.4 | 6.46 | 101.1 | 51.57 |
| 2006 | 20 162 | 939 | 281 | 658 | 46.6 | 13.9 | 32.7 | 6.42 | 96.5 | 52.37 |
| 2007 | 20 910 | 966 | 274 | 692 | 46.3 | 13.1 | 33.2 | 6.37 | 91.4 | 53.64 |
| 2008 | 21 692 | 994 | 270 | 724 | 45.9 | 12.5 | 33.4 | 6.32 | 86.5 | 54.63 |
| 2009 | 22 508 | 1 022 | 265 | 758 | 45.5 | 11.8 | 33.7 | 6.26 | 81.8 | 55.75 |
| 2010 | 23 364 | 1 049 | 261 | 788 | 45.0 | 11.2 | 33.8 | 6.19 | 77.2 | 56.73 |
| 2011 | 24 259 | 1 074 | 257 | 817 | 44.4 | 10.6 | 33.7 | 6.12 | 73.0 | 57.60 |
| 2012 | 25 188 | 1 103 | 252 | 851 | 43.9 | 10.0 | 33.8 | 6.04 | 68.8 | 58.62 |
| 2013 | 26 147 | 1 130 | 251 | 879 | 43.3 | 9.6 | 33.7 | 5.95 | 65.2 | 59.31 |
| 2014 | 27 128 | 1 156 | 249 | 907 | 42.7 | 9.2 | 33.5 | 5.86 | 62.0 | 60.04 |
| 2015 | 28 128 | 1 181 | 248 | 933 | 42.0 | 8.8 | 33.2 | 5.77 | 59.4 | 60.66 |
| 2016 | 29 155 | 1 205 | 249 | 956 | 41.4 | 8.6 | 32.8 | 5.69 | 57.0 | 61.09 |
| 2017 | 30 209 | 1 231 | 249 | 983 | 40.8 | 8.2 | 32.6 | 5.60 | 54.9 | 61.68 |
| 2018 | 31 274 | 1 257 | 250 | 1 008 | 40.2 | 8.0 | 32.2 | 5.52 | 53.0 | 62.14 |
| 2019 | 32 354 | 1 284 | 253 | 1 032 | 39.7 | 7.8 | 31.9 | 5.44 | 51.3 | 62.45 |
| 2020 | 33 428 | 1 313 | 261 | 1 051 | 39.3 | 7.8 | 31.5 | 5.37 | 49.6 | 62.26 |
| 2021 | 34 504 | 1 339 | 276 | 1 063 | 38.8 | 8.0 | 30.8 | 5.30 | 48.1 | 61.64 |
| 2022 | 35 635 | 1 358 | 253 | 1 105 | 38.1 | 7.1 | 31.0 | 5.21 | 50.2 | 61.7 |
| 2023 | 36 750 | 1 381 | 254 | 1 127 | 37.6 | 6.9 | 30.7 | 5.12 | 48.6 | 62.1 |

### Demographic and Health Surveys

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted TFR) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):
| Year | Total | Total | Urban | Urban | Rural | Rural |
| Year | CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR | CBR | TFR |
| 2006–2007 | 42.4 | 5.8 | 35.0 | 4.4 | 50.2 | 7.7 |
| 2011 | 45.5 | 6.3 | 36.5 | 4.6 | 51.8 | 7.7 |
| 2014 (census) | | 5.7 | | 5.2 | | 6.5 |
| 2015–16 | 43.4 | 6.2 (5.2) | 40.6 | 5.3 (4.4) | 48.4 | 8.2 (7.1) |
| 2023-24 | 33.7 | 4.8 | 29.4 | 3.8 | 40.5 | 6.9 |

## Ethnic groups

Roughly 37% of Angolans are Ovimbundu, 25% are Ambundu, 13% are Bakongo, 7% are mestiço, 1-2% are white Africans, and people from other African ethnicities make up 22% of Angola's population.
Romani people were deported to Angola from Portugal.

## Languages

Portuguese is the official language of Angola, but Bantu and other African languages are also widely spoken. In fact, Kikongo, Kimbundu, Umbundu, Tuchokwe, Ganguela, and Ukanyama have the official status of "national languages". The mastery of Portuguese is widespread; in the cities the overwhelming majority are either fluent in Portuguese or have at least a reasonable working knowledge of this language; an increasing minority are native Portuguese speakers and have a poor, if any, knowledge of an African language.

## Religion

Angola is a majority Christian country. Official statistics do not exist, however it is estimated that over 80% belong to a Christian church or community. More than half are Catholic, the remaining ones comprising members of traditional Protestant churches as well as of Pentecostal communities. Only 0.1% are Muslims - generally immigrants from other African countries. Some insider news says that there is an unofficial ban on Islam in Angola. Traditional indigenous religions are practiced by a very small minority, generally in peripheral rural societies.