OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pennagaram

Pennagaram is a town in Dharmapuri district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarters of Pennagaram taluk (sub-district).

## Geography

Pennagaram is located at 12°08′N 77°54′E﻿ / ﻿12.13°N 77.9°E﻿ / 12.13; 77.9. It has an average elevation of 493 metres (1617 feet). The famous tourist place Hogenakkal Falls, is 15 km from Pennagaram. Crocodile farm is available in Hogenakkal.

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Pennagaram had a population of 18,100. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Pennagaram has an average literacy rate of 60%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 67%, and female literacy is 52%. In Pennagaram, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. It is very near (15 km) to Hogenakkal Falls in Pennagaram taluk, which is called India's Niagara.

## Administration

Panchayats are Perumbalai - Semmanur.

## Politics

Pennagaram assembly constituency is part of Dharmapuri (Lok Sabha constituency).

## Economy

Agriculture for the primary occupation in the area.

## Transport

RTO office located in Dharmapuri.

### Roads

Pennagaram is a connected in three state highways in other district. There is bus service to Chennai, Bangalore, Salem, Erode, Dharmapuri, Pondichery, Krishnagiri, Hosur, Thirupattur, Tiruppur, Ramnagar and district other major cities. State highway 60h connected in Pennagaram-Dharmapuri-Thiruppattur.

### Rail

The nearest railway station at Dharmapuri in 30 kilometers from Pennagaram.

## Education

* Govt Arts College Pennagaram
* Jayam college of engineering Nallanoor, Pennagaram
* Jayam arts & science college Nallanoor, Pennagaram
* Al-islamiah polytechnic college Rajavoor, Pennagaram
* Meenakshi arts & science college Eriyur, Pennagaram
* Govt Arts College Eriyur
# Nebria fischeri

Nebria fischeri is a species of ground beetle from Nebriinae subfamily that can be found in Georgia and Turkey.
# Khatra (film)

Khatra is a Hindi horror fantasy film of Bollywood directed by H.N. Singh and produced by P. Ram Mohan. This movie was released on 10 May 1991 under the banner of Siri Venkata Films. The story line of the movie is loosely based on the plot of Frankenstein, a novel of Mary Shelley. This was the debut film of music composer Aadesh Shrivastava.

## Plot

This is a story of a scientist who tried to defeat death, researching with organs of the human body. One day he manages to steal a corpse from a cemetery and conduct his experiment on it. Unfortunately it is going against nature and the dead man revives as a monster. He has acid instead of blood in his body. The monster murders the scientist in a fire and starts to kill women repeatedly.

## Cast

Source
* Raza Murad as Dr. Varma
* Goga Kapoor as Baba
* Sumeet Saigal as Vikram
* Rajesh Vivek as Jackson
* Ekta Sohini as Geeta
* Huma Khan as Sony
* Manik Irani as Manik Bhai
* Mohan Choti as Havaldar Mastram
* Vikas Anand as Police Commissioner
* Rakesh Mehta

## Music

* "Bambai Ke Mausam Mein Pyar Kiye Ja" - Kavita Krishnamurthy
* "Main Hoon Kunwari Kali" - Kavita Krishnamurthy
* "Main To Ladki Thi Akeli" - Alka Yagnik
* "Mohabbhat Ki Ada Kya Hoti Hai" - Anuradha Paudwal
# Ñico Rojas

Ñico Rojas (August 3, 1921 – November 22, 2008 in Havana, Cuba) was a prominent Cuban composer and guitarist, considered as one of the founders of a style of Cuban song called filin.

## Biography

José Antonio Rojas, also known by the nickname of Ñico Rojas, began playing the guitar as an autodidact at a very young age. He entered the University of Havana when he was 18 years old in order to study Hydraulic Engineering.
In the 1940s, while he was still studying at the University, Ñico became a member of a group of artists that created a new style of Cuban song, called filin, which combined Cuban rhythms with harmonies and melodies influenced by American jazz during the 1940s and 1950s.
After his graduation, Rojas established his residence in the City of Matanzas, where he dedicated himself to advance his career, contributing to the construction of numerous engineering projects, such as bridges and viaducts, as well as to teaching hydrology at the Instituto José Martí.
At the same time, Ñico Rojas continued cultivating his love of music by composing songs such as the boleros “Mi Ayer”, “Ahora sí sé que te quiero” y “Sé consciente”, which were recorded by renowned singers as Pepe Reyes, Orlando Vallejo and Miguelito Valdés; and numerous pieces for the guitar that included influences from classical music as well as from the most popular traditions. That way, Rojas was able to create a unique guitar style that showed great complexity and technical virtuosity, about which the Cuban musicologist Leonardo Acosta said: "it overflows with emotion, vitality and intellect".
Ñico Rojas used to offer concerts on an annual basis at the Cuban National Museum of Fine Arts (Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes) in Havana, which served to promote his music within the people in Havana; and he recorded his first album, Suite Cubana para Guitarra, in 1964, that was followed by another one in 1977.
The Canadian flutist an saxophonist Jane Bunnet recorded the Roja's piece called "Tony and Jesusito" in an album in 1993, that was named Jane Bunnett & the Cuban Piano Masters (Blue Note), together with the notorious Cuban pianist Frank Emilio Flynn, which included the same piece, as well as another one titled "Mi Ayer" in an album called "Barbarismo", recorded in 1997. "Mi Ayer" was also included by singer Omara Portuondo in her album "Palabras" from 1997. Ñico Rojas traveled to New York 1998 to perform at the Lincoln Center together with other prominent musicians such as Frank Emilio Flynn, Orlando "Cachaíto" López and Winton Marsalis; and the renowned guitarist Marco Tamayo recorded five of his compositions in his album titled Music from Cuba (Naxos Classical), in 2004.
The pieces for guitar of Ñico Rojas have been transcribed by prominent Cuban guitarist Martín Pedreira, as well as by José A. Perez Miranda y Ahmed Dickinson, and published by EGREM in Cuba.
Rojas received numerous distinctions in Cuba, including an award by the UNEAC (National Union of Writers and Artists of Cuba) in 1994.
# Byaroza district

Byaroza district or Biaroza district (Belarusian: Бярозаўскі раён; Russian: Берёзовский район) is a district (raion) of Brest region in Belarus. Its administrative center is Byaroza. The district is located in the northwest of the historical region of Polesia. As of 2024, it has a population of 57,767.

## History

The district was formed in 1940 after the Soviet annexation of Western Belarus.
In 1958–1967 the Byaroza hydroelectric power station was built. The town of Byelaazyorsk was built for the power station workers in 1958.
There are two biological reserves in the district, near villages Sporava and Buslowka.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2009 Belarusian census, Byaroza district had a population of 66,988. Of these, 90.8% were of Belarusian, 5.7% Russian, 1.8% Ukrainian and 1.0% Polish ethnicity. 61.7% spoke Belarusian and 36.2% Russian as their native language. In 2023, it had a population of 58,350.

## Economics

There are industry enterprises in the raion producing agricultural products, ceramics, construction materials, textiles.
An important railway branch connecting Brest and Minsk goes through the Byaroza district. Its main railway stations are Byaroza-Kartuzskaya, Bronnaya Hara and Byelaazyorsk.

## Places of interest

* Orthodox Charnyakawskaya church of St. Nicholas (1725)
* Carthusian monastery ruins, Byaroza
* Homestead of the Puslowski family in Pyeski, 19th century
* Roman Catholic Church of St. Virgin Mary, Sihnyevichy (1795)
* Chernoye Lake (tenth the largest lake in Belarus)

## Notable people

* Aleś Razanaŭ (1947–2021) – Belarusian writer, poet and translator.
# Pieter van der Staak

Pieter van der Staak (May 25, 1930, in The Hague – November 2, 2007, in Zwolle) was a Dutch classical guitarist, composer and professor of music.

## Education

As a guitarist Pieter van der Staak was self-taught till he met Andrés Segovia in 1954. From 1955 to 1959 he studied guitar with Segovia and with Alirio Diaz in Sienna. With Emilio Pujol he studied the vihuela and ancient music notation. Both, Alirio Diaz and Emilio Pujol became lifelong friends of Pieter van der Staak. He studied composition with Wolfgang Wijdeveld and the guitar at the Maastricht Academy of Music with Hans Lutz Niessen.

## Activities

Pieter van der Staak combined his interest in writing for the guitar with teaching activities and concertising. He made several LP records with i.e. the well-known singer Willy Brill, the tenor Arjan Blanken and his wife Maria Hol, a professional violoncellist. With Willy Brill and with Maria Hol, he gave concerts all over the world.
Besides his many activities Pieter van der Staak was the 1st professor of guitar at the Municipal Music Highschool ArtEZ in Zwolle (Netherlands) where he trained and educated several generations of fine classical guitarists.
Pieter van der Staak also established the well-known Dutch International Guitarweeks Zwolle. A festival regarded as one of the oldest and best known guitar courses. Here young and talented guitar students can study guitar techniques, interpretation and stage presentation under the guidance of international renowned guitarists.

## Compositions

He composed a large number of chamber music, among which are works for string quartet, clarinet quintet and cello trio. He wrote many didactic pieces for one up to four guitars because he felt involved with the development of new didactical material. Besides compositions for cello ensemble and accordion orchestra, he composed music for less common combinations such as guitar, flute and clarinet. He wrote many works for guitar teaching, published by Ars Nova (Sweden), Hortensia (Paris), Suvini Zerboni (Milano) and Broekmans & Van Poppel (Amsterdam). Concertino III, for solo guitar and guitar quartet (1970) is published by Donemus. Recently the Canadian publishing house Les Productions d'OZ issued several unknown works composed by Pieter van der Staak.
# George Wilson Homestead

The George Wilson Homestead is an historic home which is located in Halfmoon Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

## History and architectural features

The original owner of this home, George Wilson, was a pioneer Quaker settler in the Halfmoon Valley.
Built in 1810, Wilson's home is a two-and-one-half-story, five-bay, limestone and sandstone dwelling with a medium pitch gable roof. The house measures forty feet by twenty-five feet, and was designed in the Georgian style.
A one-and-one-half-story, sixteen square foot addition was built circa 1870. Also located on the property are a number of contributing outbuildings, including a barn, which was erected circa 1820, a carriage shed, a storage garage that was built sometime during the 1930s, a saltbox shed, a gable shed, two corn cribs, and an ice house.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
# Redlips darter

The redlips darter (Etheostoma maydeni) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it is restricted to large tributaries of the Cumberland River below Cumberland Falls. This species can reach a length of 8 cm (3.1 in). The specific name maydeni honors the American ichthyologist Richard L. Mayden in recognition of his studies of North American fishes. The populations of this species have been fragmented because of the construction of reservoirs. They inhabit slow-moving streams andrivers where they prefer pools near the banks where there are scattered rocks and fallen wood. Their common name refers to the red coloring on their lips. Another distinguishing feature is that they possess a greatly enlarged second dorsal fin and also have angled dusky bars along the flanks.
# North Hesse

North Hesse (German: Nordhessen, pronounced) describes the northern part and historical heart of the German federated state of Hesse. The region is – unlike the name Lower Hesse – not a historical territory and also has no established, standard and official administrative function. However, the name is common and widely used today, not least to contrast it with its counterpart, South Hesse. Over one million people live in North Hesse and its largest city is the former capital of the Electorate of Hesse, Kassel.
# Jaime Durán

Jaime Durán Gómez (born 2 December 1981) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a defender.

## Club career

Durán began his career in the youth ranks of Futbol Club Atlas and made his First Division debut on August 14, 1999, in a 2–3 loss to Tigres. He became a regular for Atlas appearing in a total of 139 matches in his seven years at the club, which includes 14 liguilla matches. Durán than moved on to Puebla before being loaned out to León and Monarcas Morelia in subsequent years. After having a fine season with Monarcas Morelia in which he appeared in 23 matches, he decided to explore opportunities in Europe. In January, 2009 he joined Skoda Xanthi in the Greek Super League.

## International career

Jaime Durán has represented Mexico at various youth levels. He was also a member of the Mexican U23 team.

## Honours

Mexico U23
* CONCACAF Olympic Qualifying Championship: 2004

## Statistics

| League | Appearances | Goals |
| Primera División de México | 0 0 232 | 0 3 |
| Liguilla | 0 0 20 | 0 0 |
| Super League Greece | 0 0 0 | 0 0 |
# Zombo (singer)

Zombo (3 May 1979 – 17 February 2008), born Tebogo Ndlovu, was a South African singer, songwriter and music producer, best known as a member of kwaito group Abashante.

## Biography

Zombo earned fame as a rapper with kwaito stars Abashante in the 1990s. The group, which also included vocalists Nestum and Queen Sesako, were known for their energetic dancing routines. Their most successful album was their 1996 debut, "Girls" (released before Zombo joined the group), which went platinum in South Africa. Later releases included "Settlin’ The Score", "Ayoyo", and "Intwenjani?".
After leaving Abashante, Zombo worked as a music producer and started his own record label. As a solo artist and as a member of new group Collabo he failed to emulate his former success as a performer, though his album "Zombo" earned a nomination for Best Rap Album at the 2003 South African Music Awards. By 2008 he was living in poverty, complaining in a newspaper interview that he lacked even the money to feed himself properly.
Zombo died of AIDS-related causes in February 2008, a month after revealing his HIV-positive status to the media. Fellow South African musicians said at the time that his talents would be sorely missed. According to singer Preston Sihlangu, "He was a versatile singer. Zombo was a producer, songwriter, and singer. He could start a song from scratch and produce it himself. That skill is very rare."
# Fenchel's duality theorem

In mathematics, Fenchel's duality theorem is a result in the theory of convex functions named after Werner Fenchel.
Let ƒ be a proper convex function on R$^n$ and let g be a proper concave function on R$^n$. Then, if regularity conditions are satisfied,
    $\inf _{x}(f(x)-g(x))=\sup _{p}(g_{*}(p)-f^{*}(p)).$
where ƒ$^*$ is the convex conjugate of ƒ (also referred to as the Fenchel–Legendre transform) and g$_*$ is the concave conjugate of g. That is,
    $f^{*}\left(x^{*}\right):=\sup \left\{\left.\left\langle x^{*},x\right\rangle -f\left(x\right)\right|x\in \mathbb {R} ^{n}\right\}$
    $g_{*}\left(x^{*}\right):=\inf \left\{\left.\left\langle x^{*},x\right\rangle -g\left(x\right)\right|x\in \mathbb {R} ^{n}\right\}$

## Mathematical theorem

Let X and Y be Banach spaces, $f:X\to \mathbb {R} \cup \{+\infty \}$ and $g:Y\to \mathbb {R} \cup \{+\infty \}$ be convex functions and $A:X\to Y$ be a bounded linear map. Then the Fenchel problems:
    $p^{*}=\inf _{x\in X}\{f(x)+g(Ax)\}$
    $d^{*}=\sup _{y^{*}\in Y^{*}}\{-f^{*}(A^{*}y^{*})-g^{*}(-y^{*})\}$
satisfy weak duality, i.e. $p^{*}\geq d^{*}$. Note that $f^{*},g^{*}$ are the convex conjugates of f,g respectively, and $A^{*}$ is the adjoint operator. The perturbation function for this dual problem is given by $F(x,y)=f(x)+g(Ax-y)$.
Suppose that f,g, and A satisfy either
* f and g are lower semi-continuous and $0\in \operatorname {core} (\operatorname {dom} g-A\operatorname {dom} f)$ where $\operatorname {core}$ is the algebraic interior and $\operatorname {dom} h$, where h is some function, is the set $\{z:h(z)<+\infty \}$, or
* $A\operatorname {dom} f\cap \operatorname {cont} g\neq \emptyset$ where $\operatorname {cont}$ are the points where the function is continuous.
Then strong duality holds, i.e. $p^{*}=d^{*}$. If $d^{*}\in \mathbb {R}$ then supremum is attained.

## One-dimensional illustration

In the following figure, the minimization problem on the left side of the equation is illustrated. One seeks to vary x such that the vertical distance between the convex and concave curves at x is as small as possible. The position of the vertical line in the figure is the (approximate) optimum.
The next figure illustrates the maximization problem on the right hand side of the above equation. Tangents are drawn to each of the two curves such that both tangents have the same slope p. The problem is to adjust p in such a way that the two tangents are as far away from each other as possible (more precisely, such that the points where they intersect the y-axis are as far from each other as possible). Imagine the two tangents as metal bars with vertical springs between them that push them apart and against the two parabolas that are fixed in place.
Fenchel's theorem states that the two problems have the same solution. The points having the minimum vertical separation are also the tangency points for the maximally separated parallel tangents.
# Hantsavichy district

Hantsavichy district or Hancavičy district (Belarusian: Ганцавіцкі раён; Russian: Ганцевичский район) is a district (raion) of Brest region in Belarus. Its administrative center is Hantsavichy. As of 2024, it has a population of 24,327.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2009 Belarusian census, Hantsavichy district had a population of 31,170. Of these, 95.6% were of Belarusian, 2.2% Russian, 1.2% Polish and 0.6% Ukrainian ethnicity. 90.5% spoke Belarusian and 8.5% Russian as their native language. In 2023, it had a population of 24,774.
# Lojze Krakar

Lojze Krakar (21 February 1926 – 24 December 1995) was a Slovene poet, translator, editor, literary historian, and essayist. He also wrote poetry for children.
Krakar was born in Semič in White Carniola in 1926. He studied Slavic languages and literature at the University of Ljubljana and graduated in 1954 and obtained a doctorate from the Frankfurt Goethe University in 1970. He worked as a lecturer, editor, and translator.
In 1963 he won the Prešeren Foundation Award for his poetry collection Cvet pelina (The Flower of the Woodworm). In 1977 he was awarded the Grand Prešeren Award for his poetry collection Nekje tam čisto na robu (Somewhere There Right on the Edge) He won the Levstik Award twice, in 1962 for his book of poetry for children Sonce v knjigi (The Sun in a Book), and in 1991 for his story in verse Prišel je lev (The Lion Arrived).
# Ostrówki, Lublin Voivodeship

Ostrówki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wohyń, within Radzyń Podlaski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.
# Mei Miura

Mei Miura (三浦 芽依, みうら めい, Miura Mei, born 16 November 1998) is a Japanese ice hockey player and member of the Japanese national team, currently playing in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL) with AIK Hockey Dam.

## International play

As a junior player with the Japanese national under-18 team, she participated in the 2015 IIHF U18 Women's World Championship and the 2016 IIHF U18 Women's World Championship Division 1A.
With the Japanese national under-25 team, she won a bronze medal in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2019 Winter Universiade in Krasnoyarsk. She was Japan's third-highest scorer, earning 6 points on two goals and four assists.
Miura made her national senior team debut at the 2019 IIHF Women's World Championship, at which she notched her first senior-level point – a goal assisted by Rui Ukita against France in the preliminary round. She has subsequently participated in the IIHF Women's World Championship tournaments in 2021 and 2023.
Miura represented Japan in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.
# Radfield Home Care

Radfield Home Care is a British provider of home care in the United Kingdom based in Shrewsbury and founded by Dr Hannah MacKechnie and Alex Green in 2008. It developed from Radfield Residential Home, which operated as a care home business for 26 years. MacKechnie and her family lived and worked in the home.

## History

The company was founded in 2008 by Dr Hannah MacKechnie and Alex Green.
It started a franchising operation in 2017 and had opened 12 franchise offices by July 2019. It was the winner of the British Franchise Association’s Emerging Franchisor of the Year 2019. It was also successful in the Top 20 Home Care Provider awards.
The company planned to double its workforce in 2020 with an additional 250 jobs, including some in frontline care, some in recruitment, administration and management roles in local offices around the UK, and some nationwide franchise support jobs at its National Support Centre in Shrewsbury.
By October 2022, there were more than 25 Radfield Home Care offices.
# On Hounslow Heath

On Hounslow Heath is a 1770 landscape painting by the Welsh artist Richard Wilson. It depicts a view of Hounslow Heath, then located some miles to the west of London. The uncultivated landscape of the heath attracted Wilson, who returned to it as a subject several times in his work. His depiction of it is naturalistic, something of a new style for him. It emphasises the largely empty landscape, broken only by the River Crane flooding its banks in the foreground and a windmill in the distance.
It was commissioned by the bookseller Thomas Davies. The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1770. It is now in the collection of the Tate Britain in Pimlico, having been acquired in 1929. An engraved print was later produced based on the picture by Thomas Hastings.
# Ania Magliano

Ania Magliano (born 17 February 1998) is a British comedian and writer based in London.

## Early life

Magliano grew up in Buckinghamshire. She is of half-Polish and half-Italian descent; her mother is Polish and works as a doctor. Magliano attended Girton College, Cambridge, and was a member of the Cambridge Footlights. While at university, she founded Stockings Comedy, a female and non-binary comedy collective.

## Career

Magliano was a finalist for the Funny Women award in 2020 and for the Chortle Student Comedy Award in 2018.
Her debut comedy show, Absolutely No Worries If Not, won the Best New Show award at the Leicester Comedy Festival in 2022. Her performance of the show at the 2022 Edinburgh Festival Fringe received positive reviews in The Guardian, The Times, and Time Out. She has opened for comedians Ed Gamble and Marc Maron.
Magliano's 2023 Edinburgh Fringe show I Can't Believe You've Done This was nominated for Best Show at the festival. She returned in 2024 with the show Forgive Me, Father which will be touring in 2025.
In 2024, Magliano was also nominated for the Sky Arts Breakthrough award.
Magliano has written for Amelia Dimoldenberg's Chicken Shop Date, Frankie Boyle's New World Order, Newsjack, The Now Show and the Have I Got News for You Twitter account.
She has appeared on TV shows including The Stand Up Sketch Show and Dave's The Comedy Guide to Life, and podcasts including The Comedian's Comedian, Off Menu, Secret Artists and Fakes and Frauds. She has previously co-hosted the podcasts If It Is To Be Said, about the TV show Succession, and The Weekly Shop.

## Personal life

Magliano is bisexual. She lives in London and has a boyfriend as of 2023.