OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Great Snaefell Mining Company

The Great Snaefell Mining Company was a mining company formed to operate the Great Snaefell Mine on the Isle of Man.

## History

The company was formed with the intention of working the important mining sett in the Parish of Lonan comprising an area of 567 acres, and which was originally a portion of the Great Laxey Mining Company's property.
The mining sett was surrounded by that of the Great Laxey Mining Company, running parallel with the Great Laxey lodes. The mine was originally worked by the Great Laxey Mining Company from 1856 to 1864 following which the Snaefell Mine Company was formed and which went into liquidation in 1870, with the assets of the company offered for sale.
The assets were bought for the sum of £4,000 on 27 April 1870 by James Spittal, Henry Bloom Noble, Thomas Wilson and Alfred Adams who formed the Great Snaefell Mining Company in March 1871. The company was a limited liability company, incorporated under the Companies Act 1862 and the Companies Act 1867 in England, and in the Isle of Man under the Limited Liability Act 1865.
The company comprised capital of £25,000 in the form of 25,000 £1 shares with approximately 50 per cent of the shareholding taken up by shareholders of the former operator. The directors of the company comprised; James Spittal, Henry Noble, William Berey, Thomas Wilson and Alfred Adams and the company had offices at 28, Athol Street, Douglas, Isle of Man and 26, Nicholas Lane, Lombard Street, London.
Throughout the 1870s and into the early 1880s the mine continued to produce a very limited yield, and the Great Snaefell Mining Company was wound up on 31 January 1884.

### Snaefell Mining Company

This led to the re-formation of the Snaefell Mining Company, however the directors were essentially those who had been on the board of the previous company. This was brought about by the directors having obtained the opinion of Deemster Sherwood and the Attorney General of the Isle of Man, James Gell. It was therefore decided, after considerable consultation, to take advantage of a clause in the company's articles which empowered the directors to sell their shares in the Great Snaefell Mining Company, to then have them re-sold to a third party, and then transferred to the original shareholders. A meeting of the shareholders was subsequently held and the plan arranged was submitted to and adopted by the meeting. The difficulties of this arrangement were eventually overcome, and additional shares to the extent of 6,000 were issued.
By mid-1884 the lease of the mine had almost expired and was subsequently renegotiated giving the company a 21-year lease with a royalty of £30 per annum.
In 1897 the Snaefell Mine was the scene of a disaster when 19 miners died in the mine due to carbon monoxide poisoning as a consequence of a fire breaking out at the 130 fathom level.
Yield continued to be below expectations, and following a major rock fall in the shaft in 1908 it was deemed that the cost of making good the damage was greater than the value of the company. The mine was therefore closed and the company was wound up.
# Pedro Oliveira (footballer, born 1994)

Pedro Miguel Tavares de Oliveira (born 16 January 1993 in Vale de Cambra) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for U.D. Oliveirense as a forward.

## Football career

On 15 December 2013, Oliveira made his professional debut with Oliveirense in a 2013–14 Segunda Liga match against Portimonense.
# Romance (American TV series)

Romance, also known as Theatre of Romance, is an American anthology series that aired live on CBS on Thursday nights at 8:30 PM from November 3, 1949, until December 29, 1949. The series aired on alternate Thursdays with Inside U.S.A. with Chevrolet.
All episodes were produced and directed by Robert Stevens. Guest stars included Steven Hill, Lilia Skala, Bethel Leslie, and Cara Williams.
The series replaced Sugar Hill Times.

## Synopsis

The series featured adaptions of famous love stories. It premiered with an updated version of Camille.
# Eudyops

Eudyops is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1926.

## Species

* Eudyops diascia Hampson, 1926
* Eudyops telmela Schaus, 1911
* Eudyops xantholepis Dyar, 1912
# Alfa Romeo 690T engine

The Alfa Romeo 690T is a twin-turbocharged, direct injected, 90° V6 petrol engine designed and produced by Alfa Romeo since 2015. It is used in the high-performance Giulia Quadrifoglio and Stelvio Quadrifoglio models and is manufactured at the Alfa Romeo Termoli engine plant.

## Description

The 690T is often considered to be the Ferrari F154 engine with two less cylinders, but in fact it is a completely new engine developed by the same engineer, Gianluca Pivetti, of the F154, that shares some peculiarities Alfa knew worked well and to reduce development time.
This 2.9-litre V6 uses single-scroll rather than twin-scroll turbos, which produce 1.4 bars (20 psi) of boost pressure. Alfa also added mechanical cylinder deactivation to the right bank for increased highway fuel efficiency. The 90-degree V6 engine's crankshaft has three crankpins 120 degrees apart, each with two connecting rods mounted side by side. This configuration results in uneven firing at 90 and 150 degrees of each rotation, but for each cylinder bank results in even pulses every 240 degrees, providing evenly-spaced exhaust pulses to each turbocharger and allows one bank to deactivate. Additionally, from 2020 onward, Alfa added port injection, doubling the number of injectors to 12.
The Maserati 3.0-litre V6 Nettuno [it] engine, introduced in the Maserati MC20, shares many of its characteristics with the Ferrari F154 and the Alfa Romeo 690T engines.
The new Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale features a larger 3.0-litre version of the 690T engine producing 456 kW (620 PS).

## Applications

* Alfa Romeo Giulia Quadrifoglio
* Alfa Romeo Stelvio Quadrifoglio
* Alfa Romeo Giulia GTA and GTAm
* 2023 Alfa Romeo Giulia SWB Zagato

### Alfa Romeo

| Eng. code | Displacement Bore x stroke | Years | Usage | Peak power | Peak torque |
| 690T | 2,891.26 cc (176 cu in) 86.5 x 82 mm 481.877 cc (29 cu in) per cylinder | 2016–present | Giulia Quadrifoglio Stelvio Quadrifoglio | 510 PS (375 kW; 503 hp) at 6500 rpm | 600 N⋅m (443 lbf⋅ft) from 2500 to 5000 rpm |
| 690T | 2,891.26 cc (176 cu in) 86.5 x 82 mm 481.877 cc (29 cu in) per cylinder | 2016–2024 | Giulia Quadrifoglio Stelvio Quadrifoglio (North America) | 512 PS (377 kW; 505 hp) at 6500 rpm | 600 N⋅m (443 lbf⋅ft) from 2500 to 5000 rpm |
| 690T | 2,891.26 cc (176 cu in) 86.5 x 82 mm 481.877 cc (29 cu in) per cylinder | 2019 | Giulia Quadrifoglio Racing Edition Stelvio Quadrifoglio Racing Edition | 520 PS (382 kW; 513 hp) at 6500 rpm | 600 N⋅m (443 lbf⋅ft) from 2500 to 5000 rpm |
| 690T | 2,891.26 cc (176 cu in) 86.5 x 82 mm 481.877 cc (29 cu in) per cylinder | 2023–present | Giulia Quadrifoglio Stelvio Quadrifoglio (Europe, UK & China) | 520 PS (382 kW; 513 hp) at 6500 rpm | 600 N⋅m (443 lbf⋅ft) from 2500 to 5000 rpm |
| 690T | 2,891.26 cc (176 cu in) 86.5 x 82 mm 481.877 cc (29 cu in) per cylinder | 2020 | Giulia GTA / GTAm | 540 PS (397 kW; 533 hp) at 6500 rpm | 600 N⋅m (443 lbf⋅ft) from 2500 to 5000 rpm |
# Navio Patrulha de 500 Toneladas

The Navio Patrulha de 500 Toneladas (NPa-500MB) are a class of offshore patrol vessels planned for the Brazilian Navy by EMGEPRON. Eleven units are planned with three in the mine countermeasures version. All the vessels are planned to be delivered by 2037.
# Tania Lombrozo

Tania Lombrozo is an American psychologist who is the Arthur W. Marks Professor of Psychology at Princeton University. She oversees the Concepts and Cognition Laboratory, which looks to understand the science that underpins cognition.

## Early life and education

Lombrozo is from the United States. She was an undergraduate student at Stanford University, where she earned an undergraduate degree in Symbolic Systems and Philosophy. During her undergraduate research, she worked with Peter Godfrey-Smith on the philosophy of science. She moved to Harvard University as a Master's student in psychology and stayed for a doctorate in psychology under the supervision of Susan Carey. Her thesis explored explanation and causal knowledge.

## Research and career

In 2006 Lombrozo joined University of California, Berkeley as an Assistant Professor. She was made the Class of 1944 Chair in the Department of Psychology in 2017.
Lombrozo was made the Arthur W. Marks Professor of Psychology at Princeton University in 2019. Her research looks to understand cognition. She is particularly interested in explanation and understanding, as well as folk epistemology.
She was a frequent contributor to NPR, where she wrote on psychology and cognitive science. She is a contributor to Psychology Today. She has worked with the Association for Psychological Science (APS) to better engage the public in psychological research.

## Awards and honors

* 2010 Society for Philosophy and Psychology Stanton Prize
* 2012 American Psychological Association Janet Taylor Spence Award
* 2014 Society of Experimental Psychologists Early Investigator Award
* American Psychological Association Distinguished Scientific Award
* 2018 National Science Foundation CAREER Award
* 2019 Foundation Scholar Award in Understanding Human Cognition
* 2020 American Psychological Foundation Joseph B. Gittler Award

## Selected publications

* Tania Lombrozo (August 30, 2006). "The structure and function of explanations". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 10 (10): 464–470. doi:10.1016/J.TICS.2006.08.004. ISSN 1364-6613. PMID 16942895. Wikidata Q36581851.
* Tania Lombrozo (November 9, 2006). "Simplicity and probability in causal explanation". Cognitive Psychology. 55 (3): 232–257. doi:10.1016/J.COGPSYCH.2006.09.006. ISSN 0010-0285. PMID 17097080. Wikidata Q44600638.
* Tania Lombrozo; Susan Carey (June 6, 2005). "Functional explanation and the function of explanation". Cognition. 99 (2): 167–204. doi:10.1016/J.COGNITION.2004.12.009. ISSN 0010-0277. PMID 15939416. Wikidata Q30350833.

## Personal life

Lombrozo is married to fellow Princeton psychology professor Tom Griffiths and has two daughters.
# 2012 Estonia national football team

The 2012 season is the 21st full year of competitive football in the Baltic country as an independent nation.

## Matches

All times are Estonian (UTC+2/UTC+3).

## Players
### Debutants

* Kaarel Kiidron (#228–229, FK Viktoria Žižkov) – started the match against Croatia on 25 May 2012
* Henrik Ojamaa (#228–229, Motherwell F.C.) – started the match against Croatia on 25 May 2012
* Ilja Antonov (#230–232, FC Levadia Tallinn) – started the match against Oman on 8 November 2012
* Ken Kallaste (#230–232, JK Nõmme Kalju) – started the match against Oman on 8 November 2012
* Karl Mööl (#230–232, FC Flora Tallinn) – started the match against Oman on 8 November 2012
* Andre Frolov (#233, FC Flora Tallinn) – 74th-minute substitute in the match against Oman on 8 November 2012
* Stanislav Pedõk (#234, FC Flora Tallinn) – 76th-minute substitute in the match against Oman on 8 November 2012
National team appearance number and club at the time of debut in brackets.
# Ehingen Urspring

Ehingen Urspring is a professional basketball club based in Ehingen, Germany. The team plays in the ProB, the third German division. Ehingen has won the ProB, Germany's third tier league, twice, in 2011 and 2016.
Home games of the team are played in the Johann Vanotti Gymnasium, which has capacity for 1,500 people.

## Honours

* ProB
    Winners (2): 2010–11, 2015–16

## Players
### Notable players

Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA-sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationalities not displayed.
* Jon Godfread (2005-2006)
* Timothy Lang (2010–2011)
* Christian Standhardinger (2006–2009)
* Akeem Vargas (2006–2012)
* Garrett Williamson (2012–2013)

## Season by season

| Season | Tier | League | Pos. | Postseason |
| 2011–12 | 2 | ProA | 11 | – |
| 2012–13 | 2 | ProA | 8 | Quarterfinalist |
| 2013–14 | 2 | ProA | 3 | Quarterfinalist |
# Earthbound

Earthbound may refer to:

## Video games

* Mother (video game series), known as EarthBound outside Japan, series of diverse role-playing video games
** Mother (video game), known as EarthBound Beginnings outside Japan, 1989 role-playing game for the Family Computer
** EarthBound, 1994 role-playing video game for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System

## Media

* Earthbound (1920 film), from a story by Basil King
* Earthbound (1940 film), starring Andrea Leeds
* Earthbound (1981 film), a science fiction comedy starring Burl Ives
* A Little Bit of Heaven (2011 film), formerly Earthbound
* Earthbound (TV series), a Canadian current affairs television series
* "Earthbound" (Space: 1999), an episode of the television series Space: 1999

## Books

* Earthbound (novel), a 1982 novel by Richard Matheson
* Earthbound, the third novel in the Marsbound trilogy by Joe Haldeman

## Music

* The Earthbound, a Greek band
* Earthbound (Bury Tomorrow album), 2016
* Earthbound (Conner Reeves album), 1997
* Earthbound (The 5th Dimension album), 1975
* Earthbound (King Crimson album), 1972
* Earthbound (Sophie Barker album), 2005
* Earthbound, a 1998 album by Billy Mann
* Earthbound, a 1993 album by the Rocket Scientists
* Earthbound (EP), a 2009 EP by To-Mera
* Earthbound (song), a 2003 song by Rodney Crowell
# Santaizi ATP Challenger

The Santaizi ATP Challenger is a tennis tournament held in Taipei City, Taiwan since 2014. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on indoor hard courts. Following a four year hiatus, it returned in 2024 with a prize money of $82,000.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2024 | Adam Walton | Illya Marchenko | 3–6, 6–2, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$ |
| 2020–23 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 2019 | Dennis Novak | Sergiy Stakhovsky | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2018 | Yuki Bhambri | Ramkumar Ramanathan | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 2017 | Lu Yen-hsun | Tatsuma Ito | 6–1, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$ |
| 2016 | Daniel Evans | Konstantin Kravchuk | 3–6, 6–4, 6–4 |
| 2015 | Sam Groth | Konstantin Kravchuk | 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 6–4, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$ |
| 2014 | Gilles Müller | John-Patrick Smith | 6–3, 6–3 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2024 | Ray Ho Nam Ji-sung | Toshihide Matsui Kaito Uesugi | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 2020–23 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 2019 | Sriram Balaji Jonathan Erlich | Sander Arends Tristan-Samuel Weissborn | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2018 | Matthew Ebden Andrew Whittington | Prajnesh Gunneswaran Saketh Myneni | 6–4, 5–7, [10–6] |
| 2017 | Marco Chiudinelli Franko Škugor | Sanchai Ratiwatana Sonchat Ratiwatana | 4–6, 6–2, [10–5] |
| 2016 | Hsieh Cheng-peng Yang Tsung-hua | Frederik Nielsen David O'Hare | 7–6$^{(8–6)}$, 6–4 |
| 2015 | Matthew Ebden Wang Chieh-fu | Sanchai Ratiwatana Sonchat Ratiwatana | 6–1, 6–4 |
| 2014 | Samuel Groth Chris Guccione | Austin Krajicek John-Patrick Smith | 6–4, 5–7, [10–8] |
# John Stoffa

John Stoffa was an American politician who served as County Executive of Northampton County, Pennsylvania from 2006 to 2014. He was elected to the office at the age of 65 as a conservative Democrat.

## Early life and education

Stoffa graduated from the Nesquehoning High School in Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania and Pennsylvania State University before earning a master's degree at Kutztown University of Pennsylvania. Stoffa served three years of active duty in the U.S. Army and two years in the reserves. Stoffa achieved the rank of Sergeant as a tank commander. Stoffa was also active in the Lehigh Valley band scene, being an avid trumpeter, frequently organizing concerts throughout his life and supporting local marching bands.

## Political career

Stoffa spent several decades in the human services field. He first served as director of human services in Lehigh County and later was appointed to the same position in neighboring Northampton County. Prior to his election to county executive, Stoffa's only experience in political office was a single term on the Northampton Area School Board. In 2001, he was defeated in a race for a seat on the Northampton county council, but four years later won a primary battle for Northampton county executive, defeating incumbent fellow Democrat Glenn Reibman by a margin of 52-47. Stoffa went on to win the general election.
During his tenure as head of the county's government, Stoffa worked closely with Don Cunningham, his counterpart in Lehigh County, on issues affecting the Lehigh Valley as a whole. One of Stoffa's key issues was the preservation of farmland, at one point promising to raise taxes to do so. Despite this, he won re-election in 2009. Stoffa decided not to seek a third term and retired in 2014.

## Legacy

Stoffa was known for his bi-partisanship as well as his desire to help the citizens of Northampton County. He is also remembered for his support of Green spaces throughout the county. McClure stated that Stoffa's role in bridging partisan disputes helped the council pass legislation and ordinances aimed at improving the lives of Lehigh Valley residents, including expanding the county's Human Services department.
During his lifetime, Stoffa served on the boards of over 40 nonprofit organizations in the Lehigh Valley including United Way, American Red Cross, New Bethany, Cities in Schools, Keenan House drug treatment center, Community Action Committee of the Lehigh Valley, Turning Point, and Downtown Allentown Kiwanis Club.

## Death

Stoffa lived on a farm in Allen Township, Pennsylvania with his wife Barbara. They had two sons. Stoffa died on May 2, 2022, at the Lehigh Valley Hospital-Muhlenberg hospital at the age of 82. Following his death, sitting Northampton county executive, Lamont McClure, ordered flags to be flown at half mast for mourning.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 40

United Nations Security Council Resolution 40 was adopted on 28 February 1948. The Council requested that the Committee of Good Offices monitor and report political developments in western Java and Madura.
Resolution 40 passed with eight votes to none. Argentina, the Soviet Union, and the Ukrainian SSR abstained.
# Triumph Speed Twin

The Speed Twin 5T is a standard motorcycle that was made by Triumph at their Coventry, and later Meriden factories. Edward Turner, Triumph's Chief Designer and managing director, launched the Triumph Speed Twin at the 1937 National Motorcycle Show. It was a 500 cc OHV vertical twin in a lightweight frame and the first truly successful British parallel twin, setting the standard for many twins to follow. After World War II the Speed Twin was responsible for the survival of Triumph, and several major British marques offered a 500 cc twin designed on similar lines to the Speed Twin.

## History

Edward Turner's Triumph twin was a major turning point for the British motorcycle industry, as although a 500 cc parallel twin of medium capacity was not revolutionary, the 5T Speed Twin model was lighter than many contemporary singles with significantly more power and torque. Early models were only available in 'Amaranth red' with hand painted gold pinstripes to set off the chrome. Initially the one piece iron cylinder was secured with six studs which led to weakness, so these were replaced by eight studs. The two cylinders were fed by a single Amal Type 6 carburettor and many features such as the transmission and clutch were straight from the Triumph single. Originally with a girder fork, the sprung saddle was the only rear suspension as the Speed Twin had a rigid frame – also from the single-cylinder production line. On the night of 14 November 1940 a German air raid destroyed much of the city centre of Coventry, and the Triumph factory, which was working on an order of thousands of military specification 5T's, was completely obliterated, along with all of Triumph's technical records, drawings and designs. The Metropolitan Police Special Escort Group used the Speed Twin from 1952 until 1959.

## Development

After the war the recovery of Triumph at Meriden was largely due to the Speed Twin, which was developed in 1946 with a telescopic fork and optional sprung hub rear suspension. The headlamp and instrument area was tidied up in 1949 with the Turner-designed nacelle, a feature retained until the end of the model line. In 1953 the Speed Twin caused controversy among traditional British riders as the generator and magneto were replaced with a Lucas alternator and battery/coil ignition system.
Further development led to the 1959 model 5TA with a unit engine and gearbox construction and styling changes including the unpopular 'Bathtub' fairing which became more and more abbreviated as the model developed before disappearing altogether for the last year of production in 1966.
The unit 500 engine continued development in the parallel Tiger 100 range, ending with the Tiger Daytona models which ceased production in 1973.
# Vasileios of Dryinoupolis

Bishop Vasileios of Dryinoupolis (Greek: Βασίλειος Δρυϊνουπόλεως; 1858-1936; born Vasileios Papachristou, Βασίλειος Παπαχρήστου) was a Greek metropolitan bishop, scholar, important figure of the Northern Epirus movement and member of the provisional Government of Northern Epirus (1914).

## Scholar and religious figure

His family originated from the village of Hormovë which was destroyed by the Ottoman Albanian ruler Ali Pasha at the end of the 18th century. Vasileios was born in Labovë e Kryqit (Labovë of the Cross) in Gjirokastër District (in present-day southern Albania) at 1858. He studied theology at the Halki seminary.
Later, he was appointed professor at the Zographeion College in Qestorat where he taught Theology, Greek, Turkish, Latin and French. During the same time he was appointed at the local metropolitan bishopric of Argyrokastron and Dryinopolis. In 1888, he was the appointed professor of the Greek Gymnasium in Serres, Macedonia and in 1890 in Adrianople. In 1895, he ascended to the post of Megas Protosyncellus of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.
In 1897, he was appointed metropolitan bishop of Belegrada (based in Berat), where he contributed to the foundation of several Greek schools and the one religious seminary in Berat. Vasileios also offered annual base scholarships to students that came from poor families, with complete coverage of their living costs. Later in 1909, he was appointed metropolitan bishop of Argyrokastron (full title Argyrokastro, Dryinopolis, Delvino, Himara and Pogoni; encompassing modern southwest Albania), centred in Gjirokastër. There he continued his activity with the foundation of various educational, religious and cultural institutions in the area.

## Northern Epirus struggle (1913-1916)

He became one of the protagonists and a local hero during the struggle against the annexation of the area to the newly established Principality of Albania (1913-1914). In February 1914, Vasileios participated in the declaration of the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus and signed the declaration of Autonomy as a member of the provisional Government under Georgios Christakis-Zografos. In the following months he was named Minister of Justice and Religion.
In September 1916, Italian troops entered the region, closed down all Greek institutions and expelled Vasileios to Greece. Vasileios protested to the Greek Prime Minister, Eleftherios Venizelos, against his unprovoked expulsion. Following the Greco-Turkish War, Northern Epirus was acquired by Albania in 1921, further preventing his return.
# Žygimantas Vaičiūnas

Žygimantas Vaičiūnas (born 19 January 1982) is a Lithuanian politician. He served as Minister of Energy in the cabinet of Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis from 13 December 2016 to 11 December 2020. Dainius Kreivys was appointed as his successor.
12 December 2024 he was appointed as Minister of Energy.