OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Heraldic heiress

In English heraldry an heraldic heiress is a daughter of a deceased man who was entitled to a coat of arms (an armiger) and who carries forward the right to those arms for the benefit of her future male descendants. This carrying forward only applies if she has no brothers or other male relatives alive who would inherit the arms on the death of the holder.
A woman is an heiress if
* she has no brothers, or
* all her brothers die without sons or daughters.:
She is an heiress in her issue if she dies having children and the line of her brothers becomes extinct, that is, all brothers and their children have died. Illegitimate women who are armigers are also regarded as heiresses, even if they also have brothers.
In the tradition of English heraldry, which also applies to Wales and pre-1922 Ireland, a man's right to display his coat of arms also applies to his children and his wife (his sons' arms having differencing symbols). His first-born son will inherit the undifferenced (identical) arms on his father's death and pass them on to his descendants. If there is no male line surviving at the armiger's death then each of his surviving daughters becomes an heraldic heiress who holds equally the right of ownership of the arms in trust for her son, who then becomes the absolute owner of the arms.
A similar system applies in Scottish heraldry, though only the oldest daughter is a heraldic heiress.

## Marriage of an heraldic heiress

If an heraldic heiress marries an armiger, then, rather than impaling her arms on the sinister side of his as would be usual in the marriage of a woman whose father bore arms, she instead displays her father's arms on a small shield over the centre of his shield – an "escutcheon of pretence" – for as long as there is no blood male in her extended family. Her husband never owns her inherited arms, and they cannot pass on his death to any of his sons who are not also hers.

## Heiresses of non-armigerous families

In some cases, an heiress of a non-armigerous family may transmit a claim of quarterings from an armigerous family to which she is also an heir (for instance, the only daughter of a family without arms whose mother was an heiress of a family entitled to arms). In this case, her heirs' claim to quarterings through her is dormant, unless and until a petition of arms is granted for the non-armigerous family.

## Death of husband

On the death of her husband, her first-born son inherits arms from both parents and quarters them, creating a new coat to pass to his descendants in the usual way.
# Hurricane Creek (Arkansas)

Hurricane Creek is a tributary to the Big Piney Creek, a river in Ozark-St. Francis National Forest in the state of Arkansas, which is a tributary of the Arkansas River and which is, in turn, part of the Mississippi River System. It is managed by the United States Forest Service and categorized as one of the Wild and Scenic Rivers of the United States.

## Location

Hurricane Creek is in Johnson and Newton counties of northwestern Arkansas, on the Buffalo Ranger District, in Ozark National Forest. Deer, Corwell, and Pelsor are the unincorporated communities in the region. It is about 40 miles to the north of Russelville and 3 miles west of Pelsor. Hurricane Creek has a mean discharge of 342 cubic feet per second.

### Access

FDR 1208 west of Scenic Byway 7, north of Pelsor/Sand Gap provides primary access to Hurricane Creek. Another access is FDR 1202/1209 from the community of Deer east and south of Highway 16. This goes to the old community of Chancel where Buck Branch enters Hurricane. It is also accessible via FDR 1002 coursing north from the Fort Douglas bridge to the junction of Hurricane and Big Piney Creek.

## Hurricane Creek Wilderness

The creek is 15.5 miles in length, of which 2.4 miles is classified as wild and 13.1 miles as scenic. It flows through the Hurricane Creek Wilderness, established by the 1984 Arkansas Wilderness Act. It comprises 15,177 acres of land in the Boston Mountains.
The mountains in the area are all actually plateaus, with elevation of 2,200 feet and above. The bluffs, some over 100 feet high, are made of limestone and sandstone.
Trees include second and third-growth oak and hickory, and shortleaf pine. The shrubbery consists mainly of dogwood, serviceberry, and witch hazel.
# Ninth House

Ninth House is a dark fantasy horror novel written by author Leigh Bardugo, published by Flatiron Books in October 2019.
The first in a series, Ninth House was followed by a sequel titled Hell Bent, which was published in January 2023.

## Premise

The novel follows unlikely Yale University freshman 20-year-old Galaxy "Alex" Stern, a high school drop out and homicide survivor who can see ghosts, called "Grays". Alex is mysteriously offered a full ride to university following her trauma despite her background and lack of qualifications. She attempts to navigate her new life at the Ivy League while tasked by her benefactor with monitoring the eight Houses of the Veil, secret societies that harbor dark occult magic and power, as a member of Lethe, the ninth house.

## Background

The novel is Bardugo's first adult novel and, beyond the fantasy elements, is largely inspired by her time at Yale University. Bardugo first became inspired upon discovering the tombs of Yale's secret societies as she walked down New Haven's Grove Street during her freshman year. When her friend sent her pictures from their time at Yale years later, Bardugo was struck with memories, both pleasant and unpleasant, which inspired her to explore trauma for this novel but also companionship through it. The "ninth house" in the novel is based on the Anderson Mansion, the real-life New Haven headquarters of the Yale secret society Shabtai.

## Reception

Award-winning horror author Stephen King called Ninth House "the best fantasy novel I've read in years, because it's about real people. Bardugo's imaginative reach is brilliant, and this story―full of shocks and twists―is impossible to put down." It also received endorsements from fellow authors Lev Grossman, Kelly Link, Joe Hill, and Charlaine Harris.

### Accolades

Year-end lists :
| Year | Publication | Category | Result |
| 2019 | Amazon | Amazon's Best Books of 2019 List | 18 |
| 2019 | Book Riot | The best books of 2019 | — |
| 2019 | NPR | NPR's Favorite Books of 2019 | — |
| 2019 | Parade | The 25 Best Books of 2019 | — |
| 2019 | Paste | The 19 Best Novels of 2019 | 9 |
| 2019 | Paste | The Top 19 Best Audiobooks of 2019 | — |
| 2019 | Time | The 100 Must Read Books of 2019 | — |
| 2019 | Tor | The Best Books of 2019 | — |
| 2019 | USA Today | Best books of 2019 | — |
| 2019 | Vox | Best of 2019: the 15 best books we read this year | — |

### Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Result |
| 2020 | Audie Award | Fantasy | Shortlisted |
| 2020 | Dragon Awards | Fantasy Novel | Shortlisted |
| 2020 | Goodreads Choice Awards | Fantasy | Won |
| 2020 | Locus Award | Fantasy Novel | Nominated |

### Controversy

The book has been banned in Escambia County, Florida, and Frisco Independent School District, Texas.

## Adaptation

On October 10, 2019, two days after the novel's release, it was announced Amazon Studios would adapt Ninth House as a TV series. Leigh Bardugo is set to executive produce the project alongside Pouya Shahbazian.
# Idaho Sneakers

The Idaho Sneakers were a professional tennis team in the city of Boise. Founded by Diamond Sports, headed by Cord Pereira, they entered the World TeamTennis League in 1994, and the franchise moved to St. Louis, Missouri as the St. Louis Aces after the 2000 season. The Sneakers played their home matches at the Bank of America Centre in Boise.

## Results

1994 - 2nd Place

## Players

* Greg Patton, Head Coach (1995–1997); Coach of the Year 1993, 1995
* Michael Robertson (1998)
* Wayne Bryan (1999)
* Jim Moortgat, Head Coach (2000)

### Headliners

* Anna Kournikova
* Bob Bryan (1999)
* Mike Bryan (1999)
* Andy Roddick (2000)

### Other players

* Katrina Adams (1998)
* Manon Bollegraf (1994)
* Jane Chi (1995, 1996, 1999, 2000)
* Gigi Fernandez (1998)
* Amy Frazier (1994-1997)
* Debbie Graham (1998)
* Kim Grant (2000)
* Jonathan Leach (1994-1996)
* Rick Leach (1994-1996)
* Mirjana Lucic (1999)
* Katie Schlukebir (1998-2000)
# Aharon Abuhatzira

Aharon Abuhatzira (Hebrew: אהרן אבוחצירא; 28 October 1938 – 21 September 2021) was an Israeli politician. After serving as mayor of Ramla, he held several ministerial portfolios in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He resigned from the cabinet after being convicted of larceny, breach of trust and fraud.

## Biography

Aharon Abuhatzira was born in the Tafilalt region of Morocco and made aliyah to Israel in 1949. He studied the Kfar HaRoeh Yeshiva, graduated from a Teachers' Seminary in Jerusalem and earned a BA from Bar-Ilan University. Before entering politics, he worked as a high school teacher.

## Political career

Abuhatzira was elected to Ramla city council in 1969 and became mayor of the city in 1972. He was elected to the Knesset in 1977 on the National Religious Party's list, and was appointed Minister of Religions in Menachem Begin's government. Abuhatzira left the NRP and formed his own party, Tami. The party won three seats in the 1981 elections and was included in Begin's new government. Abuhatzira was appointed both Minister of Immigrant Absorption and Minister of Labor and Social Welfare. Abuhatzira was re-elected in the 1984 elections, but his party won only one seat. Towards the end of the Knesset term he merged the party into Likud, and in the 1988 elections, won a seat on the Likud list, but failed to retain it in the 1992 vote.
In June 1980 Israel Police began investigating claims that Abuhatzira had received 52,500 shekels from religious institutions in 1978 and 1979 for giving funds to non-existent yeshivas. Although he denied the allegations, stating that they were "provocation and a libel", in December 1980 Attorney General Yitzhak Zamir requested that the Knesset lift Abuhatzira's parliamentary immunity so that he could be charged with bribery. On 13 January 1981 the Knesset plenum voted to remove his parliamentary immunity. After being found guilty on 19 April 1982, he resigned from the cabinet on 30 April, after which fellow Tami MK Aharon Uzan took over his portfolios. He was sentenced to a suspended sentence of four years and three months; thirty months for larceny, eighteen months for breach of trust and fraud by an administrator, and three months for breach of trust by a public servant.
# Knightsbridge (disambiguation)

Knightsbridge may refer to:

## Places
### Areas in England

* Knightsbridge, a street and district in London, including
** Knightsbridge tube station, a London Underground station
* Knightsbridge, Gloucestershire, a hamlet

### Military history sites

* Knightsbridge Cemetery (France), named after a World War I trench system near Beaumont-Hamel
* Knightsbridge War Cemetery (Libya), established north of the town of Acroma (Akramah) following World World War II
* Knightsbridge, the Allied codename for an intersection south of Acroma, which became the focus of the Battle of Knightsbridge (1942)

### Other places

* Knightsbridge, an estate/subdivision in Castle Hill, Sydney, Australia
* The Knightsbridge Residences, a high-end residential skyscraper in Manila, Philippines
* Knightsbridge University, an unaccredited institution in Denmark

## Other uses

* Knightsbridge International, a US-based non-government organization
* "Knightsbridge" (Neverwhere), a 1996 television episode
* "Knightsbridge", the third movement of the London Suite by Eric Coates
# Mr. Citizen (TV series)

Mr. Citizen is a 30-minute American anthology series of dramas based on actual acts of heroism performed by average people. It was produced by Ed Byron and hosted by Allyn Edwards. Among its guest stars were Hal Holbrook, Paul Lukas, James Daly and Anne Seymour. Thirteen episodes aired on ABC from April 10, 1955 to July 13, 1955. Each episode included a prominent American's presentation of the Mister Citizen Award to the person featured.

## Format

Episodes began with a dramatization of something that an ordinary citizen did that was heroic in nature. When that segment concluded, a camera was turned to the studio audience, revealing the person who had performed the heroic action. He or she was brought on stage and interviewed, after which the award was presented.

## Episodes

* April 20, 1955 - "Late for Supper", starring Holbrook and Nancy Kenyon.
* May 18, 1955 - "A Present for Mary", starring William Gargan.
* June 9, 1955 - "The Friendly Stranger", starring Lukas.

## Production

Sponsored by Liggett & Myers, Mr. Citizen replaced that company's Stuart Erwin program. Ed Byron was the producer, and Charles Tate was the director. Howard Rodman and Robert Shaw were the writers, and John Gart led the orchestra.
Mr. Citizen was broadcast live on Wednesdays from 8:30 to 9 p.m. Eastern Time.

## Critical response

Gene Plotnik, writing in the trade publication Billboard, noted that Mr. Citizen contained elements "that have already proved successful in other programs", such as The Big Story and This Is Your Life. He cited some flaws in the premiere episode but suggested that the series "will probably do a pretty good selling job" for its sponsor.
# Bílinite

Bílinite (Fe$^{2+}$Fe$_2$$^{3+}$(SO$_4$)$_4$·22H$_2$O) is an iron sulfate mineral. It is a product of the oxidation of pyrite in water. It is an acidic mineral that has a pH of less than 3 and is harmful to the environment when it comes from acid rock drainage (Keith et al., 2001).
Bílinite was first discovered near Bílina, Czech Republic which is why the mineral was named 'bílinite' (Palache, et al., 1969). This mineral possibly occurs on Mars.

## Composition

The weight percent oxide is as follows:
| Oxide | Composition |
| SO$_3$ | 33.78 |
| Fe$_2$O$_3$ | 16.84 |
| FeO | 7.58 |
| H$_2$O | 41.8 |
| Total | 100 |

## Related minerals

Related minerals to bílinite include jarosite, which is an iron sulfate salt, lepidocrocite, schwertmannite, ferricopiapite, and copiapite (Marion, et al., 2008).

## Special characteristics

Boulder Creek is a stream at Iron Mountain in Shasta County, California. The stream drains into the Sacramento River and San Francisco Bay. The water in this stream is contaminated from the mixture of the groundwater and surface streams due to mining. The pH is low and acidic due to the oxidation of pyrite in water. This results in the formation of sulfuric acid and bílinite (Keith, et al., 2001).
# Imogen Byron

Imogen Byron (born 8 March 1996 in London) is an English actress. She had roles in Holby City, Last Chance Harvey, Pickles: The Dog Who Won the World Cup, and Messiah: The Harrowing.

## Filmography
### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2004 | Hardware | Courtney | 1 episode: Bastard |
| 2004–2005 | Stupid! | Various | 20 episodes |
| 2005 | Messiah | Jaqueline Price | |
| 2006 | Green Wing | Bridesmaid | Christmas Special |
| 2006 | Home Again | Sheridan | 6 episodes |
| 2007 | Cranford | Kate | 2 episodes: August 1842, June 1842 |
| 2008 | That Mitchell and Webb Look | Girl with Hamster | 1 episode: #2.3 |
| 2009 | The Omid Djalili Show | | 1 episode: #2.4 |
| 2010–2015 | Holby City | Rachel Levy | |
| 2015 | Grantchester | | |
| 2016 | Going Forward | Kelly Wilde | 3 episodes, lead role |
| |- | 2016 | People Just Do Nothing | Groupie 1 | Series 3, Episode 5 "Ipswich" |}

### Stage

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2013 | Pride and Prejudice | Kitty Bennet | Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park |
| 2015 | Linda | Bridget | Royal Court Theatre |
| 2013 | That Face | Alice | Landor Theatre |
| 2009 | Inherit the Wind | Melinda Loomis | The Old Vic |
| 2009 | Feather Boy | Child | National Theatre Studio |
| 2007 | Evita | Solo Child | Adelphi Theatre |
| 2005 | The Wind in the Willows | Young Mouse | Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park |
| 2004 | Les Misérables | Young Éponine | Queen's Theatre |

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2004 | The Tunnel of Love | Gemma | TV film |
| 2006 | Pickles: The dog who won the world cup | Sammy Yeomans | TV film |
| 2007 | Forgiven | Jessica | TV film |
| 2008 | Last Chance Harvey | Niece at Wedding | |
# Soufiane Guerrab

Soufiane Guerrab is a French actor best known to international audiences for his role as police detective Youssef Guedira in the Netflix mystery series Lupin.

## Early life

Born to Algerian parents, Guerrab grew up in Rosny-sous-Bois, in the eastern suburbs of Paris. Before getting into acting at the age of 18, he composed music.

## Career

Guerrab received his first major role in the series Les Beaux Mecs, followed by several supporting roles in the films The Measure of a Man, Dheepan, and Two Birds, One Stone. In 2017, he received the Rendez-vous Award at the Cabourg Film Festival for his role as Farid in the film Patients. In 2018, Guerrab created the Tapis Bleu film festival, based in Rosny-sous-Bois and sponsored by poet and filmmaker Grand Corps Malade.
Since 2021, he has appeared in the Netflix mystery comedy series Lupin.
He plays a major role in the 2022 TF1 TV series Visions, which premiered at Canneseries that year. The show, directed by Akim Isker, also stars Louane Emera, Jean-Hugues Anglade, and Julien Boisselier.

## Filmography
### Film

List of film appearances, with year, title, and role shown :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 2006 | Girlfriends | Alexandre |
| 2009 | Tellement proches | Francky |
| 2009 | District 13: Ultimatum | Guy at the supermarket |
| 2012 | Paulette | Zak |
| 2015 | The Night Watchman | Ziad |
| 2015 | The Measure of a Man | Arrested young man |
| 2015 | Dheepan | Guard |
| 2015 | All Three of Us | Elyess |
| 2016 | Two Birds, One Stone | Marcel / Mars |
| 2017 | Patients | Farid |
| 2017 | Burn Out | Man at motorway rest stop |
| 2019 | School Life | |

### Television

List of television appearances, with year, title, and role shown :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2011 | Les Beaux Mecs | Kenz | 8 episodes |
| 2013 | The Tunnel | Yacine Cherfi | 2 episodes |
| 2014 | Julie Lescaut | | 1 episode |
| 2016 | Braquo | Majid Aquati | 3 episodes |
| 2018 | Call My Agent! | Sami Abadi, server | 1 episode |
| 2019 | Spiral | Kader | 3 episodes |
| 2022 | Visions | Romain Sauvant | 6 episodes |
| 2021–present | Lupin | Youssef Guedira | 17 episodes |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Ceremony | Award | Work | Result |
| 2017 | Cabourg Film Festival | Rendez-vous Award | Patients | Won |
# Chingravthi

28°13′54″N 77°46′54″E﻿ / ﻿28.23175495111764°N 77.78169705398932°E﻿ / 28.23175495111764; 77.78169705398932
Chingravthi is a village in the Bulandshahr district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
* This Bulandshahr district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Heavier Than Heaven

Heavier Than Heaven is a 2001 biography of musician Kurt Cobain, the frontman of the grunge band Nirvana. It was written by Charles R. Cross.
For the book, Cross desired to create the definitive Cobain biography, and over four years conducted 400+ interviews; in particular, he was granted exclusive interviews and access to Cobain's private journals, lyrics and photos, by his widow Courtney Love. Notably, neither Nirvana drummer Dave Grohl nor Cobain's mother contributed to the book.
Cross took the name "Heavier Than Heaven" from a tour Nirvana did with the band Tad in the United Kingdom. The lead singer, Tad Doyle, was very obese; the name which was thought up by the tour promoters, was meant in part to poke fun at the inaccurate idea that Tad alone weighed more than all of the members of Nirvana put together.

## Reception

While arguably the most complete Cobain biography, Cross opted to include his own impression of what Cobain's final days were like. Several people questioned the inclusion of fiction in what was claimed to be a non-fiction book. At the same time, Cross' desire for the book to be as complete as possible meant that he occasionally accepted secondhand (and incorrect) information as fact. The book was criticized as being a collaboration between Love and Cross by friends. Cross also did not interview Nirvana drummer Dave Grohl. However, beyond the criticism, the book contained many details about Cobain and Nirvana's career that had otherwise gone unnoted.

## Proposed film version

David Benioff was hired by Universal Pictures in October 2007 to write a screenplay based on the Charles R. Cross biography. Courtney Love was to serve as executive producer with Marc Forster showing interest in directing. However, in March 2009, Forster said that he was not going to direct the film but expressed hopes that it would be done well. In 2014, it was reported that the film was still going ahead. However, as of 2025 there is no news on whether or not the movie will be released.
# Robert West (painter)

Robert West (died November 1770) was an Irish artist, draughtsman and teacher.

## Life and family

He was born in Waterford, where his father was an alderman and mayor of waterford in 1740. Very little is known of his early life. He studied drawing and painting at the French Academy under François Boucher and Jean-Baptiste van Loo around 1735, and it is claimed he was awarded the first medal of the French Academy. Upton house, Northampton holds an oil painting from this period signed by West entitled Thomas Smith and his family.
West had 2 sons with his wife Mary. West died in November 1770 at Lurgan Street, Dublin.

## Career

Upon his return to Ireland, West founded a drawing school in George's Lane, Dublin in the late 1730s. Under the influence of Samuel Maddne, the school was commissioned by the Dublin Society to teach pupils from around 1744. In 1757, the Dublin Society established a drawing school, with West as Master, which would later develop into the National College of Art and Design. In 1747, 2 of West's pupils, George Barret and James Forrester, won awards. The school moved to Shaw's Court off Dame Street in 1750, and officially became part of the Dublin Society. West taught at the figure school and James Mannin, his assistant, taught landscape and ornament.
West specialised in teaching the French rococo style, with expertise in life drawing in crayon and chalk. He is cited as having a large influence on Dublin artists working in pastels. His chalk drawing of his student John O'Keeffe, in the Guido Reni style, was still being used for copying by students in 1811. Matthew William Peters' 1758 drawing shows Peters being drawn by West. There is a surviving example of West's work at 20 Lower Dominick Street of figures of birds decorating a staircase from 1758. In 1761 West was awarded a silver medal for excellence in teaching when 20 of his students received premiums from the Dublin Society. Thomas James Mulvany commented that West's life drawing in chalk "have never been surpassed and perhaps but rarely equalled...They are infallible models for study and have produced more good draughtsmen, and have impressed finer notions of the human form, than have the works of any other artist in the last century."
He was Master of the school from its foundation until 1763, when he suffered from a mental illness, and Jacob Ennis took over as Master. West again became Master of the school on the death of Ennis in 1770, although he too died the same year. He was succeeded as Master by his son Francis Robert West and his grandson Robert Lucius West.
# Spring Creek (Sonoma County, California)

Spring Creek, in Sonoma County, California, is a 6.0-mile-long (9.7 km) stream that rises in the northern part of the Sonoma Mountains within Annadel State Park, draining the western slopes of Bennett Mountain and feeding into Matanzas Creek at Doyle Community Park below the Matanzas Creek Reservoir.
The waters of Spring Creek ultimately reach the Pacific Ocean just south of Jenner, California, by way of Matanzas Creek, Santa Rosa Creek, the Laguna de Santa Rosa, Mark West Creek, and the Russian River.

## Gallery

* Spring Creek watershed of headwaters area.
* Bridge over Spring Creek at Doyle Community Park.