OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Society of the Friends of Peasants

The Society of the Friends of Peasants (Danish: Bondevennernes Selskab) was a liberal Danish political society founded on 5 May 1846 by members of the provincial consultative assemblies Johan Christian Drewsen and Balthazar Christensen, with the intent to promote the liberation of the peasantry and equality among the different classes of society. Among its most politically influential members were Anton Frederik Tscherning, Jens Andersen Hansen and Carl Christian Alberti.
The society gained significant influence in the elections for the constitutional assembly in 1848, as the peasants were the only reasonably organized section of the population. Because of this, the society may be described as the first political party in Denmark. In alliance with the National Liberals they introduced general conscription for all men—as opposed to the previous conscription for peasants only—and a bicameral system consisting of the Folketing and the Landsting that enfranchised all landowning men above the age of 30 in the Constitution of 1849. Bondevennerne were the strongest advocates of giving suffrage to all landowning men, and they would have preferred a unicameral system. However, the conservatives and in part the National Liberals insisted on a bicameral system with suffrage to the Landsting restricted by income and with some of the members appointed by the king. It is to a large degree thanks to Bondevennerne that the 1849 constitution became as democratic as was the case.
In 1848, the society was represented in the first Danish government by War Minister Tscherning after the absolute monarchy, the Cabinet of Moltke I, a coalition government that spanned the political spectrum.
The number of members peaked in the middle of the 1850s at approximately 10,000, but due to internal conflicts and splits the influence of the society gradually dropped.
The society was represented in government for the second and last time in the Cabinet of Rotwitt from 1859 to 1860.
Although never formally dissolved, the society became part of the liberal party Det Forenede Venstre in 1872.
# Hammedi

Hammedi is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 27,972.

## History

The commune of Hammadi is primarily populated by Arabophone Berbers, specifically the Sanhadja, descendants of the Zirids, a dynasty founded by Bologhine U Ziri. The very name of the commune alludes to the Hammadids, a dynasty established by Hammad ibn Buluggin, who separated from the Zirid kingdom. The inhabitants of the commune are still referred to by this name (Hammadids).
Although Arabized, the local population has managed to preserve its Berber traditions, both through their Algerian Arabic dialect, which is heavily influenced by Berber, and in their customs and tribal structures.
Historically, the people settled in the area and cultivated the land. It has always remained a rural commune. The various invasions and conquests over the centuries did not significantly alter the origins of its population, owing to their strong attachment to the land passed down through generations. They fought to protect their land and have always maintained their independence from foreign invaders, much like other Berber tribes.

## Notable people

* Mohamed Cherak, Algerian journalist.
# Ernst Wister

Ernst Wister (11 June 1922 – 4 July 1990) was an Austrian gymnast. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1952 Summer Olympics.
Wister died in Graz on 4 July 1990, at the age of 68.
# Tunisian–Algerian War (1813)

The Tunisian–Algerian War of 1813 was a conflict between the Regency of Algiers and the Regency of Tunis.

## Background

Since the Naval War of 1811, Diplomatic relations between Algiers and Tunis were disrupted by preparations and hostilities near the common border. Both sides were had a significant military presence nearby, in both Kef and Constantine. Although the idea of a peaceful settlement was embraced by both nations, on July 24, 1812, Algiers imposed a blockade of 19 sailboats on the port of La Goulette, situated in the northern part of Tunis. The imposition of the blockade was a manifestation of oppression against the Dey Hammuda ibn Ali, On August 10 the Admiral of Algiers, who was charged with the blockade, sent a letter from the Dey Hadj Ali in which he offered to sign a definitive peace treaty only if the Regency recognized the suzerainty of Algiers. Although the proposal was declined, Hammuda, who desired peace between the two nations, sent a cargo of oil to the Dey for the mosques in the capital.
The Algerian ships, still blockading the port, did not take any aggressive action for a couple of days. During that time the port were increased and had been placed in a state of readiness. The Tunisian army had strengthened their defense In Kef and its surroundings. The border fortification was the idea of the Tunisian Prime Minister, Youssef Sahab et-taba, who recently took the command of the Tunisian army. On the other side of the border in Constantine, the Bey of Constantine, Mohammed Nàmane, gathered a huge quantity of ammunition and troops in the city as well. This proved to be unnecessary since the Algerians began the offensive in La Goulette.

## War

On July 23, 1813, The Algerian navy bolstered its forces at the port of La Goulette, numbering 54 sailboats and 25 Gunboats. The Algerian force managed to deal considerable damage to the Fort, but was forced to retreat to Algiers on August 4 after suffering considerable damage. This would lead to a surprise invasion of the Beylik of Costantine.
A couple of days later, Youssef launched an invasion of the Province but was pushed back by Nàmane, who successfully gathered enough troops to repel the Tunisians back across to the other side of the border. The two regencies suffered from terrible economic crises who were using all of their resources, all thought, The Tunisians were worried about the re imposition of the blockade or another invasion of Kef the following season. This led to the construction of another 60 Gunboats. On the Tunisian side however, Youssef managed to build a large army in Kef, with more than 40,000 Troops ready for the second invasion. The war finally ended in December 1813, when the old Hammuda Pasha agreed to a peace, before dying on September 15, 1814.
# State Street Congregational Church

The State Street Congregational Church is a historic Congregational church on State Street in Portland, Maine, US. Also known as the State Street Church and the State Street United Church of Christ, it was designed by architect William Washburn and built in 1851. Since late 2022 or early 2023, the congregation has operated a homeless shelter for families. By 2025, it was operating as an overflow facility for Portland's municipal family shelter.
# Stanley Dangerfield

Stanley Dangerfield (1911–1988) was a dog-show judge, active particularity in the United Kingdom, and United States, but also working in dozens of other countries.
He started out owning Poodles and went on to also own Griffons Bruxellois. His most well known was Chosendale Seamus (breed by Desmond Gregory).

## Career

Stanley Dangerfield wrote about dogs for the Daily Express and Sunday Express, and presented Crufts dog show on television for the BBC for 27 years, until retirement in 1981. He had a column in the newspaper for the dog world, Our Dogs. He was a critic of the Kennel Club.
He appeared as a castaway on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 29 March 1975.
He died on 28 September 1988, shortly after having a stroke, aged 77.
# International Institute for the Sociology of Law

The International Institute for the Sociology of Law (IISL) in Oñati is the only international establishment which is entirely devoted to teaching and promoting the sociology of law, socio-legal studies, and law and society research.
The IISL is a joint venture of the Research Committee on Sociology of Law (also known as RC12 of the International Sociological Association) and the government of the Basque autonomous region in Spain. It is situated (since 1989) in the University of Oñati (the Ancient University of the Basque Country) in Oñati. The founding director of the IISL, André-Jean Arnaud, had bronze plaques put on the walls of the renaissance building with the names of some of the forefathers of modern sociology of law: Montesquieu, Henry James Sumner Maine, Francisco Giner de los Ríos, Henri Lévy-Bruhl, Achille Loria, Leon Petrażycki, Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, Eugen Ehrlich, Karl Renner, Karl N. Llewellyn, Theodor Geiger, Georges Gurvitch, Nicholas S. Timasheff.
The IISL has four "official languages": English, French, Spanish and Basque. It houses a famous library/documentation centre covering socio-legal literature in all major and many minor languages. The Institute organises socio-legal workshops and an international Master's Program in the Sociology of Law, including student scholarships. Publications from the workshops are regularly produced in both an English- and Spanish language series, including the Institute's own online peer-reviewed journal (Onati Socio-Legal Series). The IISL is also the host of the World Consortium of Law and Society associations. Applications to host a workshop, residence grants for visitors wishing to use the library, and to study on the Masters programmes are usually due mid-February.

## Literature

* André-Jean Arnaud, Inaugural Speech: Legal Culture and Everyday Life, Vitoria, [Oñati Proceedings, vol.1], 1989, p. 41-48.
* Pierre Guibentif (ed.) Oñati IISL-IISJ. 1989-2000: Introduction to the Institute and Report about its Activities. Oñati: IISL 2000.
* Oñati International Series in the Sociology of Law (Richard Hart Publishers, Oxford)
* Collección Oñati: Derecho y Sociedad (Dykinson: Madrid)
# 1950 Appalachian State Mountaineers football team

The 1950 Appalachian State Mountaineers football team was an American football team that represented Appalachian State Teachers College (now known as Appalachian State University) as a member of the North State Conference during the 1950 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach E. C. Duggins, the Mountaineers compiled an overall record of 9–2–1, with a mark of 7–0–1 in conference play, and finished as NSC champion. State concluded their season with a losses to Emory and Henry at the Burley Bowl and against West Liberty at the Pythian Bowl.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 16 | | vs. Guilford | Bowman Gray StadiumWinston-Salem, NC | W 22–2 | |
| September 23 | | vs. Western Carolina | Memorial StadiumAsheville, NC (rivalry) | W 13–6 | 6,000 |
| September 30 | | Elon | College FieldBoone, NC | T 14–14 | |
| October 7 | | at Lenoir Rhyne | Moretz StadiumHickory, NC | W 20–18 | |
| October 14 | | vs. Catawba | Bowman Gray StadiumWinston-Salem, NC | W 9–7 | |
| October 21 | | High Point | College FieldBoone, NC | W 35–0 | |
| October 28 | | at Tampa* | Phillips FieldTampa, FL | W 36–19 | 8,000 |
| November 4 | | East Carolina | College FieldBoone, NC | W 20–0 | |
| November 9 | | at Presbyterian* | Bailey StadiumClinton, SC | W 34–7 | 2,500 |
| November 11 | | at Atlantic Christian | Wilson, NC | W 34–7 | |
| November 23 | 2:15 p.m. | vs. Emory and Henry* | Memorial StadiumJohnson City, TN (Burley Bowl) | L 6–26 | 12,000 |
| December 9 | | vs. West Liberty* | Shuford StadiumSalisbury, NC (Pythian Bowl) | L 26–28 | |
| *Non-conference gameAll times are in Eastern time |||||||
# Pat Dapuzzo

Pat Dapuzzo (born December 29, 1958) is a retired National Hockey League linesman, who wore uniform number 60. He officiated in the NHL from 1984–2008.

## Biography

Dapuzzo grew up in North Bergen, New Jersey, where he went to Franklin Elementary School and attended St. Bridget's Church. As a boy, he could often be seen playing roller hockey on the street by the church with his friends. A great mystery to the people who knew him growing up in New Jersey was where he learned to skate well enough to officiate in the NHL. His officiating career began in the 1984–85 NHL season, only six years removed from graduating high school. He officiated 1,532 regular season games, 63 playoff games, and one All-Star Game. He also worked the 1991 Canada Cup.

## Retirement

He retired after the 2007–08 NHL season, during which he was severely injured on February 9 when he was struck in the face with an ice skate. The accident occurred when the Philadelphia Flyers' Steve Downie, during the course of being checked into the boards, accidentally struck Dapuzzo in the face, causing ten different fractures in his face and cutting his nose from his face, which required forty stitches to reattatch. The injuries caused by the skate and skate blade would have been prevented if Dapuzzo had been wearing a visor at the time. Dapuzzo was a part-time scout for the Toronto Maple Leafs.
# Salauddin Ahmed

Salauddin Ahmed (born 1967 in Dhaka, Bangladesh) is a contemporary Bangladeshi architect. His projects included the Karim Residence in Bashundhara. He is the lead architect at Atelier Robin Architects that he founded in 2001.

## Biography

Ahmed received his Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1992 from Portland State University, and an Architecture degree in 1997 from the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, he worked in the office of Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown, as well as the Urban Planning Department of the City of Portland, Oregon. Between 1999 and 2000, he worked for the firm Saiful Hoque Sthapati. In 2001, he founded his own architect firm, Atelier Robin Architects, based in Dhaka.

## Style

Salauddin Ahmed described his work as an intent to grasp the vastness of architecture while remaining within the fundamentals of the discipline. He doesn't view architecture as a creative field, but rather as a technical one that requires creativity to produce solutions.

## Notable works

* Karim Residence
* Cafe Mango

## Awards

* ICE Today-Aqua Paints, for Non Residential design (other category); 2009
* Berger Award for Excellence in Architecture in the Residential category; 2011.
* Institute of Architect Bangladesh Design Award in Residential Building category; 2012.
# Blanco River Remo language

Blanco River Remo is an extinct indigenous language once spoken in the Peruvian Amazon Basin, near the border with Brazil. It was documented by Father Leuque, the first Remo language ever recorded.
# Jules Vuillemin

Jules Vuillemin (/ˌvuːiˈmæn/; French:; 15 February 1920 – 16 January 2001) was a French philosopher, Professor of Philosophy of Knowledge at the prestigious Collège de France, in Paris, from 1962 to 1990, succeeding Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Professor emeritus from 1991 to 2001. He was an Invited Professor at the Institute for Advanced Study, in Princeton, New Jersey (1968).
At the Collège de France, Vuillemin introduced analytical philosophy to France. Vuillemin’s thought had a major influence on Jacques Bouveresse's works. Vuillemin himself vindicated the legacy of Martial Gueroult.
A friend of Michel Foucault, he supported his election at the Collège de France, and was also close to Michel Serres.

## Biography

After studying at the École Normale Supérieure, he completed his agrégation in 1943, being received premier ex aequo alongside Tran Duc Thao. A student of French historical epistemologists Gaston Bachelard and Jean Cavaillès, he was however at first influenced by phenomenology and existentialism, before shifting towards study of logics and science. In 1962, he published a book titled The Philosophy of Algebra, dedicated to mathematician Pierre Samuel (a member of the Bourbaki group), René Thom, physicist Raymond Siestrunck, and linguist Georges Vallet. Vuillemin thought that renewals of methods in mathematics have influenced philosophy, thus relating the discovery of irrational numbers to Platonism, algebraic geometry to Cartesianism, infinitesimal calculus to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Furthermore, he observed that philosophy had not yet taken into account the changes brought to mathematics by Joseph Louis Lagrange and Évariste Galois.
In 1968, he co-founded with Gilles-Gaston Granger the journal L’Âge de la Science. He was one of the main French commentators on the philosophy and works of Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Rudolf Carnap and Willard Van Orman Quine.
Vuillemin also took an interest in aesthetics, beside writing several books on Kant, Anselm and on Diodorus's master argument (see problem of future contingents).

## Jules Vuillemin’s Archives

The Jules Vuillemin's Archives are located in France at the Laboratoire d'Histoire des Sciences et de Philosophie - Archives Henri Poincaré.
Gilles-Gaston Granger was, until his death in 2016, the president of the scientific committee of Jules Vuillemin's Archives.
# Henri Poincaré Prize

The Henri Poincaré Prize is awarded every three years since 1997 for exceptional achievements in mathematical physics and foundational contributions leading to new developments in the field. It is named after the French mathematician Henri Poincaré. The prize is sponsored by the Daniel Iagolnitzer Foundation and is awarded to approximately three scientists at the International Congress on Mathematical Physics. The prize was also established to support promising young researchers that already made outstanding contributions in mathematical physics.

## Prize recipients

| Year | ICMP Location | Prize winner |
| 1997 | Brisbane | Rudolf Haag Maxim Kontsevich Arthur Wightman |
| 2000 | London | Joel Lebowitz Walter Thirring Horng-Tzer Yau |
| 2003 | Lisbon | Huzihiro Araki Elliott H. Lieb Oded Schramm |
| 2006 | Rio de Janeiro | Ludvig D. Faddeev David Ruelle Edward Witten |
| 2009 | Prague | Jürg Fröhlich Robert Seiringer Yakov G. Sinai Cédric Villani |
| 2012 | Aalborg | Nalini Anantharaman Freeman Dyson Sylvia Serfaty Barry Simon |
| 2015 | Santiago | Alexei Borodin Thomas Spencer Herbert Spohn |
| 2018 | Montreal | Michael Aizenman Percy Deift Giovanni Gallavotti |
| 2021 | Geneva | Rodney Baxter Demetrios Christodoulou Yoshiko Ogata Jan Philip Solovej |
| 2024 | Strasbourg | David Brydges Alexei Kitaev Antti Kupiainen Scott Sheffield |
# Saturday at Midnight

"Saturday at Midnight" is a song from the American rock band Cheap Trick, which was released in 1983 as the fourth and final single from their sixth studio album One on One (1982). It was written by lead guitarist Rick Nielsen and vocalist Robin Zander, and produced by Roy Thomas Baker. Aimed at the club scene, the single reached No. 45 on the Billboard Dance Music/Club Play Singles Chart, and remains the band's only appearance on the chart.
The single was released on 12" vinyl only and was remixed by John Luongo. The A-side was titled "Saturday at Midnight (Super New Dance Re-Mix)" while the B-side was titled "Saturday at Midnight (Super Dub Mix)". The band had performed the song earlier on the Laugh Trax in 1982, along with "She's Tight".

## Critical reception

In a review of One on One, AllMusic stated: "There are several truly odd detours on the album, usually when the group veers too strongly toward the new wave, like on the awkward, clanking "Saturday at Midnight" and the stiff Devo misinterpretation "I Want Be Man." These tracks accentuate the album's 1982 artifact appeal, but ironically, are the things that kept it from being a blockbuster at the time."

## Track listing
### 12" single

* "Saturday at Midnight (Super New Dance Re-Mix)" - 6:20
* "Saturday at Midnight (Super Dub Mix)" - 7:40

## Personnel

Cheap Trick
* Robin Zander - lead vocals, rhythm guitar
* Rick Nielsen - lead guitar, backing vocals
* Jon Brant - bass, backing vocals
* Bun E. Carlos - drums, percussion
Additional personnel
* Roy Thomas Baker - producer
* John Luongo - remixer
* Ian Taylor – engineer
* Paul Klingberg – assistant
* George Marino – mastering

## Charts

| Chart (1983) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Dance/Club Play Songs | 45 |
# Lisa Farnell

Lisa Farnell (born September 23, 1986 in Toronto) is a Canadian-English curler originally from Peterborough, Ontario. She was the skip of the Ontario team at the 2006 Canadian Junior Curling Championships.
In 2006, Farnell and her team of Kim Brown, Darrelle Johnson and Amber Gebhardt won the provincial junior championships, earning the right to represent Ontario at the 2006 Canadian Junior Curling Championships in Thunder Bay, Ontario. At the Canadian Juniors, the team finished with a 5-6 record, tied for sixth place.
Farnell would later team up with 2005 provincial champion skip Erin Morrissey to form a competitive team on the women's World Curling Tour. The team made it to their first provincial women's championship in 2010, where they finished with a 5-4 record before losing in a tie-breaker match.
Farnell won her first World Curling Tour event at the 2013 Challenge Chateau Cartier de Gatineau. Her win involved defeating defending Canadian champion Rachel Homan in the semi-final and her third (Erin Morrissey)'s sister, Katie Morrissey in the final.
Farnell moved to London, England and will represent England at the 2017 European Curling Championships.
# O2 Academy Bristol

The O2 Academy Bristol (originally known as the Locarno and then Carling Academy Bristol) is a music venue located on Frogmore Street in Bristol, England. It is run by the Academy Music Group. On 1 January 2009 sponsorship was taken over from Carling by telecommunications company O2 and the venue's name changed from the Carling Academy to the O2 Academy. The academy which hosts club nights and gigs was opened in 2001, and was the third Academy venue in the UK.

## History

The venue was originally part of Mecca Leisure Group's New Entertainments Centre and was an ABC Cinema. Opening in 1966, it included: a dozen licensed bars, an ice rink, bowling lanes, the Craywood Club casino, a night club, a grand cinema and the ballroom with an illuminated ceiling. Only the ice-rink and the cinema survived, the rest being demolished in 1998 and subsequently the site given over to student accommodation. The cinema closed in 1996 and was converted into a nightclub in 2000, originally called "Rock". Soon after, it became the "Carling Academy".