OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abraham Samson Onderwijzer

Abraham ben Samson ha-Kohen Onderwijzer (24 July 1862, Muiden - 17 November 1934, Amsterdam) was a Dutch rabbi. He was chief rabbi of North Holland and founder of the Jewish labor union Betsalel.

## Biography

Abraham Samson Onderwijzer was born in Muiden. He studied at the Amsterdam Rabbinical Seminary under Rabbi Dr. Joseph Hirsch Dünner. He also studied at the University of Amsterdam, from which he graduated in 1884 with a bachelor's degree in the classics. In 1886, he was ordained as rabbi.
Onderwijzer was appointed rabbi of the Ashkenazi community in Amsterdam on 5 July 1888. On 12 June 1889 he married Lea Wagenaar. They had nine children. In 1895, Rabbi Onderwijzer published a translation of the Pentateuch and Rashi's notes.
On 29 October 1895 he founded the Jewish labor-union Betsalel, of which he was the honorary president. Bezaleel cared especially for the religious needs of its members (200 in 1904), who were for the greater part diamond-workers. With the other congregational unions of Amsterdam, Patrimonium and St. Eduardus, it supported the Algemeene Nederlandsche Diamantbewerkers Bond (ANDBB), though Betsalel was entirely independent of that organization.
Rabbi Onderwijzer died in 1934 after a collision with a tram in Amsterdam. The A.S. Onderwijzerhof [nl], a street in the center of Amsterdam located near the Joods Historisch Museum (Jewish Historical Museum), was named in his memory.
# Manu propria

Manu propria (Latin for '[signed] with one's own hand'), abbreviated to m.p. or mppr. or mppria is a phrase sometimes used at the end of typewritten or printed documents when there is no handwritten signature. It is typically found just after the name(s) of the person(s) who would have signed the document if it had not been printed or typewritten.
It is also found in several ancient documents in front of or after the writer's signature at the end of the document.

## History

Medieval period
Richly decorated manu propria signs were frequently used by medieval dignitaries and literates to verify the authenticity of handwritten documents.
18th century
mppria was commonly used in the 18th century. However, it was not only used for Latin documents.
* Full autograph title-page of Symphony no.97 by Joseph Haydn which reads 'Sinfonia in C/di me giuseppe Haydn mppria. ${\overline {792}}$'
* Nobility Diploma André Falquet
From the 19th century
Later, official documents were routinely accompanied by this abbreviation, for example, the declaration of war on Serbia by Emperor Franz Joseph from 1914 ends with m.p.

## Usage today

By country
Some of the countries that still regularly use manu propria include:
* Albania in official documents: d.v. (Albanian: dora vetë),
* Austria: e. h. (Austrian German: eigenhändig),
* the Czech Republic: v. r. (Czech: vlastní rukou) or occasionally the Latin abbreviation m.p.,
* Germany: gez. (German: gezeichnet)
* Hungary in official documents: s.k. (Hungarian: saját kezűleg),
* Slovakia: v. r. (Slovak: vlastnou rukou),
* Slovenia: l.r. (Slovene: lastnoročno).
* Serbia: s.r. (Serbian: svojeručno)
# Dipteryx oleifera

Dipteryx oleifera (syns. Dipteryx panamensis and Coumarouna panamensis), the eboe, choibá, Tonka Bean or almendro (almond in Spanish), is a species of emergent rainforest tree up to 165 feet (fifty meters) tall in the family Fabaceae (the subfamily Papilionoidea), native to Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador.
A valuable hardwood timber tree, its almond-flavored seeds are edible and sold in local markets. Its seedpods are so oily that locals use them as torches. It has "great potential" as an ornamental due to its spectacular bloom of pink flowers which lasts for weeks, and is used as a street tree in Medellín, Colombia. The flowers are followed by green fruit up to 2.5 inches (six cm) with seeds which are a critical food item for the Great Green Macaw (Ara ambigua).
# Lisa (TV series)

Lisa is a Swedish-German-Hungarian animated preschool television series created by Magnus Carlsson. It was produced by Happy Life and is aimed at younger children.

## Production and telecast

The Lisa series was first produced as a series of cinematically-released short films. The first short film, Lisa får en barnvakt, premiered in June 1996 and was released as a book the following year. Two further short films, Lisa hos tandläkaren and Lisa på picknick, were granted funding from the Swedish Film Institute in February 1997 and released in January 1998.
The series was aired on SVT beginning in 1999. It also aired on KIKA in Germany. In addition with English voices, it screened on Nick Jr. in the United Kingdom and HBO Family in the US, as well as distributed internationally by Fox Kids. There were also some books made based on the series. The series was narrated by Gösta Ekman.
Carlsson left Happy Life for a few years after having co-founded the studio, but Happy Life went on to produce more episodes of Lisa without Carlsson's involvement nor approval. Carlsson then sued his former employer for copyright infringement, a lawsuit he won in arbitration by January 2002.

## Plot

The series focuses on Lisa, a title little girl lead who also serves as the narrator. She lives with her parents in a two-story house. Sometimes, she visits his dad's place of work and they walk around town. She likes to play with her parents and neighbours. Various children have playmates and play in her yard.

## Characters

* Lisa is a little girl with curly, stringed hair and eyelashes.
* Mum and Dad are the parents of Lisa. Mum does the housework and often goes shopping with Lisa. Dad works at the other end of the city, but once vacationed on the Canary Islands, where he got very sunburnt.
* Aunt Wilson is Lisa's neighbour and aunt, she likes to play with Lisa.
* Uncle Wilson is Lisa's spectacled, half-bald, slim uncle, who lives in Lisa's flat next door.
* Holger is a big-eared boy and one of Lisa's friends.
* The Fat Aunt is Lisa's aunt, and she can only get into the elevator by turning to the side.

## TV episodes

| No. | Name |
| 1 | At the Shopping Centre |
| 2 | Holger with Big Ears |
| 3 | At the Dentist |
| 4 | Goes On a Plane |
| 5 | Paints The Bathroom |
| 6 | Lisa's Space Adventure |
| 7 | Scared of Loll |
| 8 | Gets a Babysitter |
| 9 | The Davidsons |
| 10 | The Dinner Party |
| 11 | The Fancy Dress Party |
| 12 | Waving Club |
| 13 | What Am I Going to Be When I Grow Up |
| 14 | The Painter |
| 15 | Picking Apples |
| 16 | The Fleamarket |
# Haiyan Wang

Haiyan Wang is the Basil S. Turner Professor of Engineering at Purdue University's School of Materials Engineering and the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Wang conducts research in the areas of high-temperature superconductors, coated conductors, nanostructured functional ceramics for solid oxide fuel cells, plasmonics and photonics, ferroelectric and multiferroics, radiation tolerance materials, and bulk structural metals and ceramics.

## Early life and education

Wang was born and raised in China. She obtained her Bachelor of Science degree and Master's degree from Nanchang University and Institute of Metal Research. She earned her PhD from North Carolina State University in 2002 under the supervision of Jagdish Nararyan. She joined Los Alamos National Laboratory, as a postdoctoral fellow.

## Career & Awards

Wang joined the faculty at Texas A&M University as an assistant professor in 2006. She joined Purdue University in August 2016 as the Basil S. Turner Professor of Engineering at Purdue University's School of Materials Engineering and the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
She received the Air Force Young Investigators Research Grant and the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.
She is Fellow of the ASM International, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Ceramic Society, the American Physical Society and the Materials Research Society. and the National Academy of Inventors".
# 1995 South Carolina State Bulldogs football team

The 1995 South Carolina State Bulldogs football team represented South Carolina State College (now known as South Carolina State University) as a member of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) during the 1995 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by 13th-year head coach Willie Jeffries, the Bulldogs compiled an overall record of 6–4, with a mark of 4–2 in conference play, and finished third in the MEAC.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 2 | at No. 24 Georgia Southern* | Paulson StadiumStatesboro, GA | L 12–27 | 13,084 |
| September 9 | Furman* | Oliver C. Dawson StadiumOrangeburg, SC | W 27–21 | |
| September 16 | Charleston Southern* | Oliver C. Dawson StadiumOrangeburg, SC | W 36–8 | 12,805 |
| September 30 | vs. Tennessee State* | Georgia DomeAtlanta, GA (Atlanta Football Classic) | L 14–15 | 52,387 |
| October 7 | at Morgan State | Hughes StadiumBaltimore, MD | W 31–19 | |
| October 14 | at Bethune–Cookman | Municipal StadiumDaytona Beach, FL | W 42–20 | |
| October 28 | Delaware State | Oliver C. Dawson StadiumOrangeburg, SC | L 7–20 | 21,202 |
| November 4 | at Howard | William H. Greene StadiumWashington, DC | W 18–14 | 10,562 |
| November 11 | No. 20 Florida A&M | Oliver C. Dawson StadiumOrangeburg, SC | L 21–28 | 11,109 |
| November 18 | vs. North Carolina A&T | American Legion Memorial StadiumCharlotte, NC (Carolinas Football Classic) | W 28–27 | 21,678 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from The Sports Network Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# 1949 Texas State Tigers football team

The 1949 Texas State Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Texas State University for Negroes (now known as Texas Southern University) as an independent during the 1949 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Alexander Durley, the Tigers compiled an overall record of 3–6–1.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 24 | at Southern | University StadiumBaton Rouge, LA | L 0–41 | |
| October 1 | Tillotson | Buffalo StadiumHouston, TX | W 25–12 | 3,200 |
| October 8 | at Bishop | Marshall, TX | L 0–20 | |
| October 22 | vs. Samuel Huston | Alamo StadiumSan Antonio, TX | L 0–15 | |
| October 29 | Prairie View A&M | Buffalo StadiumHouston, TX (rivalry) | L 0–13 | |
| November 4 | Grambling | Buffalo StadiumHouston, TX | W 15–7 | |
| November 19 | at Texas College | Steer StadiumTyler, TX | T 13–13 | |
| November 26 | vs. Langston | Indian BowlMuskogee, OK | L 0–32 | 3,000 |
| December 3 | at Arkansas AM&N | Pine Bluff, AR | L 18–19 | |
| December 10 | Wiley | Buffalo StadiumHouston, TX | W 12–0 | |
# 2011 WAC men's basketball tournament

The 2011 WAC men's basketball tournament was held March 9–12 at the Orleans Arena in Paradise, Nevada to crown a champion of the Western Athletic Conference. The tournament was won by Utah State for their 2nd WAC tournament title to earn an automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament.

## Format

The 2011 WAC Men's Basketball Tournament followed a single-elimination format with the following structure:
1. Teams: A total of 8 teams participated in the tournament, with the top eight teams in the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) qualifying.
2. Seeding:
* The tournament was seeded based on regular-season performance. The top two seeds (Utah State and Nevada) received byes into the semifinals.
* The third and fourth seeds received byes into the quarterfinals.
* The remaining four teams played in the first round (the 5th through 8th seeds).
3. First Round:
* The 5th seed played the 8th seed, and the 6th seed played the 7th seed.
4. Quarterfinals:
* The winners from the first round faced the third and fourth seeds.
5. Semifinals:
* The top two seeds (Utah State and Nevada) advanced directly to the semifinals and played against the winners of the quarterfinals.
6. Championship Game:
* The winners of the semifinals met in the final game to compete for the tournament title.
Results:
* Final Score: Utah State won 77–69 against Boise State in the championship game, claiming the 2011 WAC Tournament title.
The top eight teams in the conference qualified for the tournament. The top two seeds received byes into the semi-finals while the 3 and 4 seeds received byes into the quarter-finals. The two quarter-finals games were broadcast on ESPNU. The semi-final involving the 2 seed and the championship game was broadcast by ESPN2.

## Bracket

All Times Pacific. Rankings from the AP Poll.
| First round Wednesday, March 9 | First round Wednesday, March 9 | First round Wednesday, March 9 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 10 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 10 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 10 | Semifinals Friday, March 11 | Semifinals Friday, March 11 | Semifinals Friday, March 11 | Championship Saturday, March 12 | Championship Saturday, March 12 | Championship Saturday, March 12 |
| 5 | Hawaii | 74 | | | | | | | | | |
| 8 | San Jose State | 75 | 8 | San Jose State | 74 | | | | | | |
| | | | 4 | Idaho | 68 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 8 | San Jose State | 54 | | | |
| | | | | | | 1 | #23 Utah State | 58 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 1 | #23 Utah State | 77 |
| 6 | Nevada | 90 | | | | | | | 2 | Boise State | 69 |
| 7 | Fresno State | 80 | 6 | Nevada | 60 | | | | | | |
| | | | 3 | New Mexico State | 66 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 3 | New Mexico State | 63 | | | |
| | | | | | | 2 | Boise State | 81 | | | |
# Golden Charter of Bern

The Golden Charter of Bern (also: Golden Bull, in German: Goldene Handfeste or Berner Handfeste) is a medieval charter purporting to have been issued by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. It establishes the town privileges of Bern (now the capital of Switzerland), making it an Imperial Free City and, effectively, an independent state. The charter is dated to 1218, but is now believed by most scholars to be a Bernese forgery from the middle of the 13th century.
The charter's 54 articles provided for extensive privileges, including the free election of the Schultheiss (i.e., mayor) and the right to autonomously legislate. It also provided for the establishment of an Imperial Mint, which was established in 1228 at the latest, to coin Berner Pfennige. These rights were formally confirmed by King Rudolf I in 1274, and the issue of the charter's authenticity thus made moot. The charter is called "golden" due to its impressive (and undoubtedly authentic) golden bull, or seal. Its face shows Frederick on the throne with his Emperor's regalia, circumscribed "Frederick, by the Grace of God Roman King, ever increasing the Empire, King of Sicily."
The issue of whether the charter — regarded as Bern's founding document for centuries — is authentic has been contentious among historians since the 1860s. Modern researchers now seem to agree that it is a forgery done on behalf of Bern's government during the middle of the 13th century, done to establish in writing the rights the city had in practice seized decades previously. They point out that the exceptional liberties granted by the charter were very atypical for the time, and that the writing seems to match that of one writer in the Frienisberg monastery. Monasteries, at that time, were masters of the pia fraus, the "pious fraud" of falsifying documents to match a dead benefactor's supposed intent. On the other hand, X-ray analysis in 2002 did not reveal any indication that (as had been assumed) the authentic bull had been removed from an authentic document and then re-affixed to the Bernese charter.
# Bruce Nicholson

Bruce Nicholson is a special effects artist who received the Special Achievement Academy Award in 1980 for the visual effects of the film The Empire Strikes Back, which he shared with Brian Johnson, Richard Edlund and Dennis Muren. He won his first competitive Oscar for Raiders of the Lost Ark at the 1981 in the category of Best Visual Effects, where he shared his award with Richard Edlund, Kit West and Joe Johnston. He got one more Oscar nomination, for the 1982 for the film Poltergeist, which lost to E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.
He has worked on nearly 50 films since 1977.
# Leser–Trélat sign

The Leser–Trélat sign is the explosive onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses (many pigmented skin lesions), often with an inflammatory base. This can be a sign of internal malignancy as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome. In addition to the development of new lesions, preexisting ones frequently increase in size and become symptomatic.

## Associations

Although most associated neoplasms are gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas (stomach, liver, colorectal and pancreas), malignancies of the breast, lung, and urinary tract, as well as lymphoid tissue, have been associated with this distinctive rash. It is likely that various cytokines and other growth factors produced by the neoplasm are responsible for the abrupt appearance of the seborrheic keratoses.
In some cases, paraneoplastic acanthosis nigricans (35% of patients), florid cutaneous papillomatosis, ichthyosis acquisita (acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa), Cowden syndrome, tylosis, acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex or tripe palms accompany the sign of Leser–Trélat.

## History

It is named for German surgeon Edmund Leser and French surgeon Ulysse Trélat.
It has been suggested that Leser and Trélat were observing angiomas and not seborrheic keratoses, and so the credit should properly go to Eugen Von Hollander for his 1900 publication.
# Ayacucho Partido

Ayacucho Partido is a partido in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.
The provincial subdivision has a population of 19,669 inhabitants in an area of 6,785 km$^2$ (2,619.7 sq mi), and its capital city is Ayacucho, which is around 330 km (210 mi) from Buenos Aires.

## Districts

* Cangallo
* Udaquiola
* Langueyú
* Solanet
* La Constancia
* San Ignacio District
* Fair District
# Secretum

Secretum may refer to:
* Secretum (book), a book by Petrarch
* Secretum (Monaldi & Sorti) [nl], a book by Monaldi & Sorti
* Secretum (British Museum), the collection of obscene material held by the British Museum
* A sigillum secretum, a special seal used for private correspondence
# Julia (2021 film)

Julia is a 2021 American documentary film directed and produced by Julie Cohen [de; fr; pt] and Betsy West. The documentary chronicles the life of Julia Child. Brian Grazer and Ron Howard serve as executive producers.
The film had its world premiere at the 48th Telluride Film Festival on September 3, 2021. It was released on November 5, 2021, by Sony Pictures Classics.

## Synopsis

The film chronicles the life of Julia Child.

## Production

In October 2019, it was announced Julie Cohen and Betsy West (RBG) would direct, with executive producers Alex Prud'homme and Ron Howard under Imagine Entertainment, alongside CNN Films. The film is produced with cooperation of Child's friends and family, and the Julia Child Foundation.

## Release

In April 2020, Sony Pictures Classics acquired distribution rights to the film. It had its premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 3, 2021. It was also screened at the 2021 Toronto International Film Festival on September 12, 2021. It was released on November 5, 2021. Julia premiered on May 30, 2022 (Memorial Day) on CNN.

## Reception

The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes categorizing the reviews as positive or negative, assessed 98% of 96 reviews to be positive. Among the reviews, it determined an average rating of 7.80 out of 10. On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 71 out of 100 based on 20 critical reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
# Zeta Phi Beta (fraternity)

Zeta Phi Beta Fraternity (ΖΦΒ) of Puerto Rico is a nonprofit fraternal organization that has served the Puerto Rican and Dominican Republic communities for more than fifty years.

## History

Zeta Phi Beta was founded on November 21, 1957, at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez by seven students from diverse backgrounds.
Its founding members were:
* Luís Manuel Carrillo Jr.
* Oscar Fermaint Giboyeaux
* Orlando Clavell Pumarejo
* Juan Antonio Martínez
* Pedro J. Narváez Negron
* Luís Antonio Oliveras Arroyo
* Eladio Rivera Rodríguez
Today, the fraternity has over 3,000 members and eleven chapters at the university level, including two chapters in the Dominican Republic.

## Symbols

The motto of Zeta Phi Beta is Honor et Fraternitas. Its nickname is Los Zetas.

## Chapters
### University chapters

In the following list, active chapters are indicated in bold and inactive chapters are in italics.
| Chapter | Charter date and range | Institution | Location | Status |
| Alpha | 1957 | University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez | Mayagüez, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Beta (First) | 1958 | University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras Campus | San Juan, Puerto Rico | Moved |
| Beta | | University of Puerto Rico at Bayamón | Bayamón, Puerto Rico | |
| Gamma | 1958 | Interamerican University of Puerto Rico | San Germán, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Epsilon | 1960 | Interamerican University of Puerto Rico | Arecibo, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Delta | 1963 | Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico | Ponce, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Eta | 1962 | Interamerican University of Puerto Rico, Hato Rey Campus | Hato Rey, Puero Rico | Active |
| Lambda | 2008 | Universidad Central del Este | San Pedro de Macorís, Dominican Republic | Active |
| Omicron | 1968 | Pedro Henríquez Ureña National University | Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | Active |
| Sigma | 1965 | Interamerican University of Puerto Rico, Ponce Campus | Ponce, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Tau | 1997 | University of Puerto Rico at Utuado | Utuado, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Omega | 1984 | Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, Hato Rey Campus | Hato Rey, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Chi | 2015 | | Yauco, Puerto Rico | Active |

### Zones

Following are the Zeta Phi Beta zones or community-based chapters.
| Zone | Charter date and range | Location | Status |
| Arecibo Zone | 1966 | Arecibo, Puerto Rico | Active |
| West Zone(Jose "Huchy" Soto) | 1969 | Puerto Rico | Active |
| San Jan Area | 1970 | San Juan, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Ponce Area | 1971 | Ponce, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Rio Grande Area | 1971 | Rio Grand, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Carolina Zone | 1971 | Carolina, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Bayamon Area | 1971 | Bayamon, Puerto Rico | Active |
| Santo Domngo Area | 1982 | Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | Active |
| Southwest Zone (Confesor Rivera) | 2014 | | |