OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Motivating operation

Motivating operation (MO) is a behavioristic concept introduced by Jack Michael in 1982. It is used to explain variations in the effects in the consequences of behavior. Most importantly, an MO affects how strongly the individual is reinforced or punished by the consequences of their behavior. For example, food deprivation is a motivating operation; if an individual (human or non-human animal) is hungry, food is strongly reinforcing, but if they are satiated, food is less reinforcing. In 2003 Laraway suggested subdividing MOs into those that increase the reinforcing or punishing effects of a stimulus, which are termed establishing operations, and MOs that decrease the reinforcing or punishing effects of a stimulus, which are termed abolishing operations.

## Theory

The concept of motivating operation deals with the observation that behavior depends not only on the stimuli present in the current situation and the organism's past experience with those stimuli, but also on the organism's recent past history of deprivation, satiation, pain, or other such influences. Such a past history can have two effects: it can change the value of a consequence by making it more or less reinforcing, and/or it can change the probability of behaviors that have produced that consequence. For example, food deprivation changes the value of food, making it more reinforcing, and it also evokes learned behaviors that have obtained food. Likewise, food satiation reduces both the reinforcing effect of food and the probability of food-getting behaviors.
Note that a motivating operation differs from a discriminative stimulus (Sd). A discriminative stimulus signals the availability of reinforcement, while a motivating operation changes the effectiveness of a reinforcer.
Nine main unconditioned (i.e. not learned) motivating operations, have been identified in humans. Deprivation of food, water, sleep, activity, sex, or oxygen; becoming too warm or too cold; and increase of a painful stimulus all function as establishing operations for related behaviors, and increase the effect of positive or negative reinforcement related to them. Conversely, being satiated with food, water, sleep, activity, oxygen and sex; getting cooler after being too warm or warmer after too cold; and decrease of a painful stimulus all function as abolishing operations for related behavior and reinforcement.
There are also conditioned motivating operations that result from the learning history of the organism. Three kinds of conditioned operations have been identified: a surrogate, reflexive, and transitive. A surrogate MO has the same effect as the MO it was paired with when it was learned; a reflexive MO acts as a reinforcement when it is removed; a transitive MO make something else effective as reinforcement. There is some debate as to whether an organism can be deprived or satiated from conditioned reinforcers.

## Theoretical note

The concept of motivational operations has been applied to Maslow's hierarchy of needs by describing the lower two levels as involving unconditioned MOs and the upper three levels as involving conditioned MOs.
# Hammond Organ Reed Factory

The Hammond Organ Reed Factory is a historic former factory building at 9 May Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1868 and enlarged in 1886, it is one of the city's few surviving Second Empire factory buildings. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. In 2007–2009, the building was restored and converted for use as affordable housing.

## Description and history

The former Hammond Organ Reed Factory is located southwest of downtown Worcester, at the southeastern corner of May and Silver Streets. It consists of a series of connected structures, some brick and some wood-frame, extending on a roughly north–south axis. The original structure is at the northern end, facing May Street; it is a 2+1⁄2-story brick structure, with a high basement and a full third floor under its mansard roof. Its front facade is nine bays wide, asymmetrically arranged, with the original main entrance slightly off-center in the middle bay, accessed by a high stoop.
Andrew Hammond was an ironworker who came to Worcester in 1851, where he worked at, and eventually took over ownership of, the organ reed business of Edward Harrington and Augustus Rice. Hammond built the oldest portion of this factory in 1868, and added to it several times over the next two decades, until the building reached its present configuration in 1886, at which time it employed an estimated 200 workers. Hammond is believed to be the largest manufacturer of organ reeds between 1890 and the advent of World War I. After standing vacant and crime-ridden for many years, it was converted into affordable housing in 2007–09.
# Parak, Bushehr

Parak (Persian: پرك) is a village in, and the capital of, Taheri Rural District in Siraf District of Kangan County, Bushehr province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Taheri, now the city of Bandar Siraf.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,088 in 405 households, when it was in the Central District. The following census in 2011 counted 2,955 people in 707 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 3,582 people in 885 households.
In 2019, the rural district was separated from the district in the formation of Siraf District.
# JAMstack

JAMstack (also stylized as Jamstack) is a web development architecture pattern and solution stack. The acronym "JAM" stands for JavaScript, API and Markup (generated by a static site generator) and was coined by Mathias (Matt) Biilmann, CEO of Netlify, in 2015. The idea of combining the use of JavaScript, APIs and markup has existed since the beginnings of HTML5.
In JAMstack websites, the application logic typically resides on the client side (for example, an embedded e-commerce checkout service that interacts with pre-rendered static content), without being tightly coupled to a backend server. JAMstack sites are usually served with a Git-based or headless CMS.
# Mallowstreet

mallowstreet is an online financial social networking community within the pension industry. The mallowstreet.com website is an enterprise social software application featuring blogs, forums, videos, papers and financial products. Members must have an association with a pension fund as a trustee or consultant. However, the site also allows product providers associated with an organisation targeting the pensions industry, such as a bank, to join although many parts of the site may be restricted. In August 2010 the community was made up of 730 users, representing 200 pension funds managing £500 billion in assets. In October 2011, the community consists of 2,100 users, representing 580 pension funds managing over £1 trillion in assets.

## History

mallowstreet was co-founded by Dawid Konotey-Ahulu and Robert Gardner of Redington, a London-based consultancy firm. The mallowstreet.com website was launched in November 2009. mallowstreet is now a separate Private Limited company.
On 10 August 2010, members of the mallowstreet community wrote to the Government of the United Kingdom claiming that plans to link private pension increases to the Consumer Price Index measure of inflation instead of the Retail Price Index could "breach human rights".
mallowstreet was awarded Innovation of the Year by Life & Pension Risk in October 2010.
On 18 May 2011, mallowstreet held a conference, The mallowstreet Exchange, for its members with a keynote speech by the Minister of State for Pensions, Steve Webb, MP. It was discussed how mallowstreet could be used to devise working solutions for the industry using the wisdom of the crowd. For example, the potential of the mallowstreet community to devise a compelling savings fund for young people.
mallowstreet began beta testing a select group of non-UK users predominantly from Canada, the Netherlands and Ireland in 2011. As a result of the success of the testing, mallowstreet has begun to accept, and has a growing membership of, non-UK users from the global pensions community.
# Cnesia

Cnesia is a genus of 4 species of black flies. They are distributed in Argentina and Chile.

## Species

* C. dissimilis (Edwards, 1931)
* C. gynandrum (Edwards, 1931)
* C. ornata Wygodzinsky & Coscarón, 1973
* C. pusilla Wygodzinsky & Coscarón, 1973

## Literature cited

* ↑ Peter H. Adler & Roger W. Crosskey (2009). "World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A Comprehensive Revision of the Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory": 109. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
* This article related to members of the fly superfamily Chironomoidea is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Zoran Kuntić

Zoran Kuntić (Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Кунтић; born 21 March 1967) is a Serbian football manager and former player.

## Playing career

Between 1984 and 1991, Kuntić played for Spartak Subotica, helping them win promotion to the Yugoslav First League on two occasions (1986 and 1988).
After a prolific stint with Parmalat, scoring 11 goals in 13 games in the second part of the 1994–95 season, Kuntić joined Hungarian champions Ferencváros. He netted the decisive goal in a 1–0 away victory against Anderlecht in the first leg of the 1995–96 UEFA Champions League qualifying round, helping the club reach the group stage of the competition for the first time ever. In his only season with the club, Kuntić also helped them defend the championship.

## Managerial career

After hanging up his boots, Kuntić was manager of numerous clubs in Hungary, most notably Diósgyőr, Lombard-Pápa, and Ferencváros.

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals |
| Spartak Subotica | 1984–85 | 22 | 0 |
| Spartak Subotica | 1985–86 | 26 | 5 |
| Spartak Subotica | 1986–87 | 22 | 4 |
| Spartak Subotica | 1987–88 | | |
| Spartak Subotica | 1988–89 | 0 | 0 |
| Spartak Subotica | 1989–90 | 0 | 0 |
| Spartak Subotica | 1990–91 | 24 | 11 |
| Spartak Subotica | Total | 94 | 20 |
| Vojvodina | 1991–92 | 31 | 7 |
| Vojvodina | 1992–93 | 17 | 4 |
| Vojvodina | Total | 48 | 11 |
| Spartak Subotica | 1992–93 | 11 | 3 |
| POSCO Atoms | 1993 | 6 | 1 |
| Kecskemét | 1993–94 | | |
| Kecskemét | 1994–95 | | |
| Kecskemét | Total | | |
| Parmalat | 1994–95 | 13 | 11 |
| Ferencváros | 1995–96 | 27 | 6 |
| AEK Larnaca | 1996–97 | 25 | 2 |
| Vasas DH | 1997–98 | 25 | 3 |
| Videoton | 1998–99 | 16 | 0 |
| BKV Előre | 1998–99 | 13 | 0 |
| BKV Előre | 1999–2000 | 31 | 3 |
| BKV Előre | Total | 44 | 3 |
| Spartak Subotica (loan) | 1999–2000 | 5 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | 289 | 59 |

## Honours

Ferencváros
* Nemzeti Bajnokság I: 1995–96
# We Have to Marry Them Off

We Have to Marry Them Off (Greek: Prepei na ta pantrepsoume) is a 1953 Greek romantic comedy film directed by Mavrikios Novak and starring Jenny Roussea, Dionysis Milas and Marika Anthopoulou.

## Cast

* Jenny Roussea as Lena
* Dionysis Milas as Miltos
* Marika Anthopoulou
* Apostolos Avdis as Dr. Apostolidis
* Popi Deligianni as Amalia
* Spyros Kapsalis as Efthymis
* Giorgos Loukakis as Mimis Marinopoulos
* Nelli Marselou
* Maria Mazaraki
* Thodoros Moridis as Periklis
* Andreas Moustras
* Virginia Petimezaki as Mary Marinopoulou
* Dimos Starenios as Giakoumis
# Flaxman Low

Flaxman Low is a fictional character created by British authors Hesketh Hesketh-Prichard and his mother, Kate O'Brien Ryall Prichard, published under the pseudonyms "H. Heron" and "E. Heron". Low is credited with being the first psychic detective of fiction, and appears in a series of short stories.

## Description

Flaxman Low is a pseudonym for "one of the leading scientists of the" Victorian era, whose real name is not disclosed in the stories. He was an accomplished athlete in his youth and has turned his interests to a scientific study of the occult.

## Stories

From 1898-1899 press baron Cyril Arthur Pearson published six Flaxman Low stories in his monthly Pearson's Magazine, though the authors were disconcerted to find the tales promoted by Pearson as "real". The collected work was published as Ghosts: Being the Experiences of Flaxman Low in 1899.
The stories are as follows:
* "The Story of the Spaniards, Hammersmith" (1898)
* "The Story of Medhans Lea" (1898)
* "The Story of the Moor Road" (1898)
* "The Story of Baelbrow" (1898)
* "The Story of Yand Manor House" (1898)
* "The Story of the Grey House" (1899)
* "The Story of Saddler's Croft" (1899)
* "The Story of Sevens Hall" (1899)
* "The Story of No. 1 Karma Crescent" (1899)
* "The Story of Konnor Old House" (1899)
* "The Story of Crowsedge" (1899)
* "The Story of Mr Flaxman Low" (1899)

### By other authors

The Improbable Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (2009) includes a short story by author Barbara Roden, "The Things That Shall Come Upon Them", which teams up Flaxman Low with Sherlock Holmes who together investigate a haunted house mystery.
# Hampton Cemetery, Arkansas

Hampton Cemetery is a historic cemetery in downtown Hampton, Arkansas. The 0.5-acre (0.20 ha) cemetery is located near the center of town, not far from the Calhoun County Courthouse, and immediately adjacent to the Hampton Church of Christ. The cemetery is said to have been used as a burying ground since the first days of settlement in the area (which began in 1848), although the first marked grave is dated 1878. The town decided in 1920 to stop allowing burials other than those already reserved, and the last burial took place in the cemetery in 1969. There are estimated to be 139 burials in the cemetery, although only 103 are marked. Most of the marked graves are dated between 1890 and 1920.
Land for the cemetery was deeded to the town by Nathaniel and Roxanna Hunt, the first settlers in the area, in 1848. There is no formal entrance to the cemetery, nor is it fenced in any way. The gravestones are all aligned to face east, and are only arranged in irregular lines; there is no formal landscaping. The gravestones have for the most part only deteriorated due to age, weather, and neglect; there has been little vandalism.
The family with the largest number of graves is the Tobin family, with fifteen. Daniel Tobin first surveyed the area in 1847, and the family plots appear to be tended. The largest monument, a stone representation of an obelisk draped in cloth, memorializes Effie Dunn. That family's plot includes at least three graves of children.
The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.
# Lou Phelps

Louis-Philippe Celestin (born August 30, 1994), better known by his stage name Lou Phelps, is a Haitian-Canadian rapper and producer from Saint-Hubert, Quebec. He is a member of the Canadian hip hop duo The Celestics alongside his brother Kaytranada.

## Career
### 2011–14: Early career

Lou Phelps began his career as Louie P. with The Celestics. They released their debut project titled Massively Massive in 2011.

### 2014-present: Supreme Laziness & 001: Experiments

In 2014, Lou Phelps, along with Kaytranada, released a project titled Supreme Laziness under the moniker The Celestics.
On April 20, 2017, Lou Phelps released his debut project titled 001: Experiments. The project was produced entirely by Kaytranada. The project featured guest appearances by Bishop Nehru, Innanet James and Kallitechnis.

## Influences

Lou Phelps's influences include Andre 3000, Kendrick Lamar, Kanye West, Anderson .Paak and Madlib.

## Discography
### Solo

* 001: Experiments (2017)
* 002: Love Me (2018)
* 003: Extra Extra (2020)

### Collaborations

* Massively Massive (with Kaytranada as The Celestics) (2011)
* Supreme Laziness (with Kaytranada as The Celestics) (2014)
# Lavender Bay

Lavender Bay is a harbourside suburb on the lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Lavender Bay is located three kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of North Sydney Council.
The suburb takes its name from Lavender Bay, a natural feature of Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour) immediately west of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. It lies between Milsons Point and McMahons Point. The suburb North Sydney is located, to the north. Lavender Bay is a residential suburb with expansive views of Sydney Harbour.

## History

Lavender Bay was named after the Boatswain (bosun), George Lavender, from the prison hulk "Phoenix", which was moored there for many years. The bay is dual-named Gooweebahree, (also sometimes written as Quiberee) in the Dharug language of the local inhabitants, the Cammeraygal people of the Eora nation. The colonists also called it Hulk Bay and sometimes Phoenix Bay. George Lavender lived on 14 acres (57,000 m$^2$) adjacent to the property of Billy Blue. On 30 May 1915 Lavender Bay railway station was opened to take the place of Milsons Point railway station. This only lasted for seven weeks, as passengers refused to alight here and demanded that trains stop at Milsons Point. During the Sydney Harbour Bridge construction, Lavender Bay station was the terminus of the North Shore railway line. The area is now used to stable Sydney Trains rolling stock.

### Heritage listings

Lavender Bay has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* 1 Walker Street: Brett Whiteley House

## Population

In the 2021 Census, there were 870 people in Lavender Bay. 59.4% of people were born in Australia and 75.5% of people spoke only English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 41.6% and Catholic 23.9%.

## Landmarks

* A wharf is located in the bay which provides access to private vessels.
* The Lavender Bay Baths (1910), also known as Cavill's Baths, a tidal swimming pool, were once popular with swimmers, located in the area beside the ferry wharf.
* Wendy Whiteley created a garden adjacent to her home, in the area between Clark Park and the old railway line. It is sometimes known as Wendy's Secret Garden, and is open to the public.

## Churches

* Christ Church, Lavender Bay, a Lower North Shore landmark.
* The Jesuit Church of St Francis Xavier was founded in 1856 and is now part of North Sydney Parish.

## Notable residents

* Donald Bradman lived in the harbourfront Bay View Street, and was one of the first few Australians to get a private telephone number while living in Bay View Street.
* Artist Norman Lindsay lived at 'Heidelberg' at 9 Bay View Street; another artist, John Firth-Smith, occupied this same house many decades later.
* Artist Brett Whiteley lived in a house overlooking the Bay with his wife Wendy Whiteley; Wendy continued to live there as of 2019. In 2018 the NSW Government granted heritage status to the Whiteleys' house, its views of Sydney Harbour, and Wendy's remarkable Secret Garden in recognition of the significance of the place to the history of Australian art.
# Jarrod Cameron

Jarrod Cameron (born 3 May 2000) is a former professional Australian rules footballer playing for the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League (AFL).

## Early life

Cameron was born and raised in Mornington Island, Queensland, into a family of Indigenous Australian heritage (Lardil and Waanyi). While in Queensland, he played rugby league and baseball as a youth. At the age of 11, he relocated to Newman, Western Australia, with his family and began playing Australian rules football for the Newman Centrals Junior Football Club. His brother, Charlie, was drafted by the Adelaide Crows at the 2013 AFL draft. Due to his Pilbara residence and Indigenous background, Jarrod was Next Generation Academy draft eligible for the West Coast Eagles and was selected with the 39th pick in the 2018 AFL draft after the Eagles elected to match Brisbane's bid.
He completed school at Aquinas College, Perth, in 2017.

## AFL career

Cameron made his AFL debut for West Coast in their 35-point victory over Essendon in Round 14 of the 2019 AFL season.
Cameron plays as a speedy forward who can play bursts in the midfield, Cameron loves to put pressure on the opposition with his chase and tackle. He was delisted at the end of 2021 after failing to play a senior game that season.
# Kadek Raditya

Kadek Raditya Maheswara (born 13 June 1999) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Liga 1 club Persebaya Surabaya.

## Club career
### Persiba Balikpapan

Raditya was born in Denpasar and started his professional career with Persiba Balikpapan in 2018.

### Madura United

He was signed for Madura United to play in the Liga 1 in the 2019 season. Kadek Raditya made his league debut on 5 October 2019 in a match against Persib Bandung at the Gelora Bangkalan Stadium, Bangkalan. On 14 December 2021, Maheswara scored his first goal for Madura United against Borneo in the 5th minute at the Manahan Stadium, Surakarta.

### Persebaya Surabaya

On 29 June 2023, Raditya signed for Persebaya Surabaya of Liga 1. He made his debut on 1 July against Persis Solo at the Manahan Stadium, Surakarta.

## International career

In 2018, Kadek represented the Indonesia U-19, in the 2018 AFC U-19 Championship.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 7 February 2025
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Persiba Balikpapan | 2018 | Liga 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Madura United | 2019 | Liga 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Madura United | 2020 | Liga 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Madura United | 2021–22 | Liga 1 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 1 | 0 | 12 | 1 |
| Madura United | 2022–23 | Liga 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 4 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| Madura United | Total | Total | 34 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 5 | 0 | 39 | 1 |
| Persebaya Surabaya | 2023–24 | Liga 1 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 27 | 1 |
| Persebaya Surabaya | 2024–25 | Liga 1 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 88 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 93 | 2 |
* ↑ Appearances in Menpora Cup
* ↑ Appearances in Indonesia President's Cup

## Honours
### International

Indonesia U-19
* AFF U-19 Youth Championship third Place: 2017, 2018