OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# New York City Parents Union

The New York City Parents Union is an American student rights advocacy organization, formed in 2011 by President Mona Davids. According to its mission statement, the group seeks to make high-quality public education available to the children of New York, through "empowering parents, supporting school choice, advocacy, legislation and lawsuits." It has been at the center of a number of high-profile lawsuits, most notably the case now known as Davids v. New York, which was closely patterned after a similar case, Vergara v. California. Davids v. New York was eventually consolidated with a similar suit known as Wright v. New York that fellow school reformer Campbell Brown, head of Partnership for Educational Justice, had announced she would file on behalf of seven New York parents. The Davids v. New York lawsuit aims to invalidate New York State teacher-tenure laws, but has since stalled after a California Court of Appeal ruled in April 2016 that "plaintiffs failed to establish that the state's tenure laws violate students' constitutional rights to equal protection".
President Mona Davids and Vice President Sam Pirozzolo are frequent commentators on current events in New York education, and are vocal critics of the mayor, the New York City Department of Education's leadership, and the public school system. In addition to their opposition to certain tenure protections, their commentaries have been published widely regarding a number of other contentious issues, including opposition to the use of bathrooms by transgender students, criticism of credit recovery programs intended to boost graduation rates, and expressing concern for the situation of minority students and teachers, including the controversial firing of two untenured African American teachers and alleged discrimination against a third black teacher by a principal at a Queens high school.
# List of protected heritage sites in Sombreffe

This table shows an overview of the protected heritage sites in the Walloon town Sombreffe. This list is part of Belgium's national heritage.
| Object | Town/section | Address | Coordinates | Number$^?$ | Image |
| Old Sombreffe Castle $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | | 50°31′52″N 4°35′47″E﻿ / ﻿50.531040°N 4.596292°E﻿ / 50.531040; 4.596292 | 92114-CLT-0001-01 Info | Oude kasteelhoeve van Sombreffe |
| The neighboring areas of castle Sombreffe $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | | 50°31′48″N 4°35′38″E﻿ / ﻿50.530137°N 4.593983°E﻿ / 50.530137; 4.593983 | 92114-CLT-0003-01 Info | |
| Notre Dame Walcourt and the ensemble of the chapel and two lime trees around it $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | Sombreffe | 50°31′39″N 4°35′36″E﻿ / ﻿50.527466°N 4.593311°E﻿ / 50.527466; 4.593311 | 92114-CLT-0004-01 Info | |
| Old marker at the site of "Le Point du Jour" $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | Sombreffe | 50°31′21″N 4°38′16″E﻿ / ﻿50.522482°N 4.637909°E﻿ / 50.522482; 4.637909 | 92114-CLT-0005-01 Info | |
| Farm "Ferme d'en Haut" and the ensemble of the farm and the surrounding area $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | Ligny | 50°30′41″N 4°34′33″E﻿ / ﻿50.511393°N 4.575811°E﻿ / 50.511393; 4.575811 | 92114-CLT-0006-01 Info | |
| The facades and roofs of the old farm Frennet $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | Sombreffe | 50°30′51″N 4°34′48″E﻿ / ﻿50.514169°N 4.580030°E﻿ / 50.514169; 4.580030 | 92114-CLT-0007-01 Info | |
| Church of Notre Dame and the walls of the cemetery and the ensemble of the church, cemetery with poplar and acacia trees located along the route Boignée $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | Tongrinne | 50°30′48″N 4°37′23″E﻿ / ﻿50.513433°N 4.622923°E﻿ / 50.513433; 4.622923 | 92114-CLT-0009-01 Info | |
| The house, porch, outbuildings and walls of the rectory and the ensemble of the land, buildings, road paving, the path along the back of the garden $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | Tongrine | 50°30′55″N 4°37′24″E﻿ / ﻿50.515413°N 4.623247°E﻿ / 50.515413; 4.623247 | 92114-CLT-0010-01 Info | |
| The parts of the medieval Sombreffe Castle $^{(nl)}$ $^{(fr)}$ | Sombreffe | | 50°31′52″N 4°35′47″E﻿ / ﻿50.531040°N 4.596292°E﻿ / 50.531040; 4.596292 | 92114-PEX-0001-01 Info | De middeleeuwse delen van de kasteelhoeve van Sombreffe |
# Collegiate Network

The Collegiate Network (CN) is a program that provides financial and technical assistance to student editors and writers of roughly 100 independent, conservative and libertarian publications at colleges and universities around the United States. Member publications have a combined annual distribution of more than two million.
Since 1995, the CN has been administered by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute (ISI), a nonprofit educational organization that promotes conservative thought on college campuses, headquartered in Wilmington, Delaware.

## Mission

According to its web site, CN supports college publications which "serve to focus public awareness on the politicization of American college and university classrooms, curricula, student life, and the resulting decline of educational standards." Newspapers and journals in the CN regularly call attention to what they interpret as corruption and hypocrisy in campus administrations' and student groups' policies, argue in favor of free speech in liberal education, encourage discussion and debate, and train students in the principles and practices of journalism.

## History

In 1979, the Institute For Educational Affairs (IEA) responded to the request of two University of Chicago students for start-up funding for a new conservative newspaper, Counterpoint. By 1980, the grant program had been expanded and named the Collegiate Network, and by 1983, under the continuing administration of the IEA, had added both internships and persistent operating grants for conservative campus newspapers. In 1990, the Madison Center for Educational Affairs merged with the IEA to maintain funding for what had expanded to 57 conservative student publications. The Intercollegiate Studies Institute took over operations in 1995 and has since administered the CN from Wilmington, Delaware.

## Member publications

CN member publications include:
* The Brown Spectator, Brown University
* Binghamton Review, Binghamton University
* California Patriot, University of California, Berkeley
* Carolina Review, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
* The Capitol Collegian, Florida State University
* The Centurion, Rutgers University
* The Clock Tower Courier, Saint Louis University
* The Conntrarian, Connecticut College
* The Cornell Review, Cornell University
* The Cougar Chronicle, Brigham Young University
* The Dartmouth Review, Dartmouth College
* The Harvard Ichthus, Harvard University
* The Harvard Salient, Harvard University
* The Kenyon Observer, Kenyon College
* The Michigan Review, University of Michigan
* The Minnesota Republic, University of Minnesota
* The UPenn Statesman, University of Pennsylvania
* The Prince Arthur Herald, McGill University
* Princeton Tory, Princeton University
* The Stanford Review, Stanford University
* The Texas Horn, University of Texas at Austin
* Texas Review of Law and Politics, University of Texas at Austin
* The Villanova Times, Villanova University
* The Virginia Informer, College of William & Mary
* The Tower, Trinity University
* The Irish Rover, University of Notre Dame
* The Indiana Commons, Indiana University-Indianapolis
# Sausal Creek (San Mateo County)

Sausal Creek is a 3.0-mile-long (4.8 km) northwesterly-flowing stream originating in Portola Valley along the northeastern edge of the Windy Hill Open Space Preserve in the eastern foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains, in San Mateo County, California, United States. After being joined by Alambique Creek it flows through Middle Searsville Marsh/Pond before ending at its confluence with Corte Madera Creek in a natural marsh above Searsville Reservoir on Stanford University lands. Below Searsville Reservoir and Dam, Corte Madera Creek joins with Bear Creek to form San Francisquito Creek and flows to San Francisco Bay.

## History

Historically, Sausal Creek also had the names Arroyo Sausal, Arroyo del Sanjon and Sanjon Creek. On the 1899 Palo Alto Topo Map its mainstem was called Corte de Madera Creek and its Neils Gulch tributary was called Sausal Creek. Sausal Creek flows through the Rancho Cañada del Corte de Madera meaning "a place where wood is cut", reflecting the importance of the timber industry in the early days of Portola Valley. "Sausal" is derived from the Spanish word "Sauce" or "Sauz" and mean "willow grove", a name that appears as early as 1853.
Bozzo Gulch is named for Emmanuel Bozzo who had a ranch at the head of the canyon in the 1860s.
Neils Gulch seems to have been modified from Neel Gulch, after David H. Neel, an 1850s settler. It also was called Cañada de Sansevan and Hallidie Gulch.
Bull Run Creek was named by a Southern sympathizer following the Union defeat at the Battle of Bull Run in the early 1860s. It has also been known as Sausal Creek, Willow Creek, Kelley Gulch, Uval Creek, Cañada de Sansevan for William Nichols Sansevain and Smith Gulch, for William R. Smith's steam-powered sawmill.

## Watershed

Sausal Creek heads just west of Willowbrook Drive in Portola Valley and is circled by the Spring Ridge Trail and Betsy Crowder Trail where it is dammed to form Sausal Pond. After receiving Bozzo Gulch, Niels Gulch and Bull Run Creek from the left. It runs northwest in the San Andreas Fault zone and after crossing Family Farm Road off Portola Road it is one of a nexus of half a dozen creeks that coalesce in a large natural freshwater marsh to form Corte Madera Creek. Dennis Martin Creek flows into Sausal Creek just upstream of the reservoir area at the Family Farm Road bridge. From there Sausal Creek enters Searsville Reservoir. Old maps suggest that Dennis Martin Creek and Alambique Creek were tributary to Sausal Creek.

## Conservation

For decades a 630 feet long section of Sausal Creek was buried in an underground culvert. In a compromise between creek preservationists and those who wanted a larger softball field, half the creek was daylighted along with construction of the new Portola Valley Town Center.
# José de Jesus Peixoto Camargo

José de Jesus Peixoto Camargo (born August 6, 1946) or simply J.J. Camargo, is a Brazilian thoracic surgeon, writer, and lecturer. He graduated from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in 1970 and received specialized training in thoracic surgery at the Mayo Clinic. As of 2022, he was a professor at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre.
Dr. J.J. Camargo and his team performed the first ever lung transplantation in Brazil and Latin America in 1989; as well as the first ever double lung transplant in Brazil. He and his team hold the record for the most lung transplants in the country. Sixty percent of lung transplants performed in Brazil during 2015 are attributed to Dr. J.J. Camargo and his team.

## Books

* Camargo, José J. (2000). Cirurgia torácica. Mais de 120 questões de múltipla escolha com respostas comentadas. Rio de Janeiro: Revinter. 146 páginas. ISBN 8573093854
* Eduardo Garcia (org.), José J. Camargo (org.) (2003.). Histórias Médicas. Porto Alegre: Ed. da ISCMPA. 149 páginas. ISBN 8589782034
* Camargo, José J. (2008). Não pensem por mim. reflexões e histórias de um médico. Porto Alegre: AGE Ed. 213 páginas. ISBN 9788574974118
* Gomes, Nilton Haertel; Orientador: Jose J. Camargo (1990). Tratamento de hidatidose pulmonar. uma opção cirúrgica. [S.l.: s.n.] 87 páginas
# Abu Musa, Iran

bu Musa (Persian: بوموسي) is a city in the Central District of bumusa County, Hormozgan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 1,705 in 456 households. The following census in 2011 counted 3,461 people in 620 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 4,213 people in 857 households.
# Waldensian Evangelical Church (Bordighera)

The Waldensian Evangelical Church is a religious building in Via Vittorio Veneto in Bordighera on the Riviera, province of Imperia.

## History and description

In the nineteenth and twentieth century, Bordighera was visited by many British citizens, then followed by guests of other nationalities including Germans. Among the most famous guests were Empress Victoria, wife of Frederick III, German Emperor, who stayed at the Hotel Angst, Baron Friederich von Kleudgen that will eventually settle in the famous Villa Banana which he built, Baron Raphaël Bischoffsheim, the painter Hermann Nestel and the botanist Ludwig Winter.
The Anglicans built their church in 1873 but Protestants continued to be lack a place of worship. In response Baron Moritz von Bernus organized a fundraiser to build a place of worship suitable for Protestants who resided in Bordighera. In 1901 the Baron, with the help of an association of Frankfurt, purchased land in via Bischoffsheim, now Via Vittorio Veneto, to build an Evangelical church, which was inaugurated on March 20, 1904. The church was built by Rudolph Winter, third son of the famous German botanist Ludwig Winter.
The intent of the founders was that the building should not be reserved for the German Lutheran religion. It was therefore made available to believers of other nationalities and denominations.
In 1941, the Waldensian Evangelical Church became the owner of the building and continues with its ecumenical policy. Today the church building is also used for conferences and concerts organized in collaboration with the city of Bordighera.
# Newton T. Gould

Newton Thomas Gould (May 14, 1843 – April 2, 1925) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22, 1863.
Gould joined the 113th Illinois Infantry in August 1862, and was mustered out in June 1865. He died in Sacramento, California, on April 2, 1925, and was buried at Old City Cemetery in Sacramento, California.

## Union assault

On May 22, 1863, General Ulysses S. Grant ordered an assault on the Confederate heights at Vicksburg, Mississippi. The plan called for a storming party of volunteers to build a bridge across a moat and plant scaling ladders against the enemy embankment in advance of the main attack.
The volunteers knew the odds were against survival and the mission was called, in nineteenth-century vernacular, a "forlorn hope." Only single men were accepted as volunteers and even then, twice as many men as needed came forward and were turned away. The assault began in the early morning following a naval bombardment. The Union soldiers came under enemy fire immediately and were pinned down in the ditch they were to cross. Despite repeated attacks by the main Union body, the men of the forlorn hope were unable to retreat until nightfall. Of the 150 men in the storming party, nearly half were killed. Seventy-nine of the survivors were awarded the Medal of Honor.

## Medal of Honor citation

"For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863."
# Llanycil

Llanycil is a community in the county of Gwynedd, Wales, near Bala; it is 99.9 miles (160.7 km) from Cardiff and 176.2 miles (283.6 km) from London. In 2011 the population of Llanycil was 416, with 80.4% able to speak Welsh. The community includes the small settlements of Parc, Rhyd-uchaf and Llidiardau.
It is a very sparsely populated community covering about 83 square kilometres. The mountain Arenig Fawr is within the community.
The former church in the community was dedicated to Saint Beuno and now houses the Mary Jones World heritage centre. Thomas Charles (1755–1814) of Bala, the Calvinistic Methodist minister and founder of the British and Foreign Bible Society, is buried in the village churchyard. The hamlet of Parc is known for the branch of the Women's Institute which in 1967 broke away when the movement began to insist on the English language, and founded Merched y Wawr, which uses solely Welsh.

## Notable people

* Betsi Cadwaladr (1789–1860), a Welsh nurse who nursed in the Crimean War alongside Florence Nightingale.
# Olha Korobka

Olha Vasylivna Korobka (Ukrainian: Ольга Василівна Коробка; born December 7, 1985 Bobrovytsia, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union) is a Ukrainian weightlifter who was the European record holder in the snatch with 133 kg, and in the clean and jerk with 164 kg.

## Career

Korobka ranked 7th in the women's over 75 kg category at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
On April 18, 2008, Korobka won her third straight European championship overall title in the women's over 75 kg category by lifting 277 kg in total (127 kg in the snatch, 150 kg in the clean and jerk).
At the 2008 Summer Olympics she initially won the silver medal in the +75 kg category, with a total of 277 kg. At a height of 1.81m (5' 11") and weighing 167 kg (368 lbs), she was the heaviest female competitor at the Games.
Korobka won silver medal as superweight in the 2010 European Championship, at a bodyweight of 170 kg. (373 lb.). In February 2012, she was banned for four years, until November 2015, for doping. She had failed a drug test after the 2011 World Weightlifting Championships, where she won three bronze medals.
In 2016, she was stripped of her 2008 Olympic medal after reanalysis of her sample tested positive for steroids.
# Franklin Road Christian School (Tennessee)

Franklin Road Christian School (FRCS) is a private, co-educational K–12 Christian school in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, located on Highway 96 ("Franklin Road"). This school is known for conservative, Christian-based education. It is a ministry of Franklin Road Baptist Church.
# Sieverts's law

Sieverts's law, in physical metallurgy and in chemistry, is a rule to predict the solubility of gases in metals. It is named after German chemist Adolf Sieverts (1874–1947). The law states that the solubility of a diatomic gas in metal is proportional to the square root of the partial pressure of the gas in thermodynamic equilibrium. Hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen are examples of dissolved diatomic gases of frequent interest in metallurgy.

## Justification

Sieverts's law can be readily rationalized by considering the reaction of dissolution of the gas in the metal, which involves dissociation of the molecule of the gas. For example, for nitrogen:
    N$_2$ (molecular gas) ⇌ 2 N (dissolved atoms)
For the above reaction, the equilibrium constant is
    $K={\frac {c_{\text{at}}^{2}}{p_{\text{mol}}}},$
where:
    c$_{at}$ is the concentration of the dissolved atoms into the metal (in the case above, atomic nitrogen N),
    p$_{mol}$ is the partial pressure of the gas at the interface with the metal (in the case above, the molecular nitrogen N$_2$).
Therefore,
    $c_{\text{at}}={\sqrt {Kp_{\text{mol}}}}.$
# Vangshylla–Kjerringvik Ferry

The Vangshylla–Kjerringvik Ferry is a closed automobile ferry on Norwegian County Road 755 that once connected the village of Kjerringvik in Mosvik Municipality on the Fosen peninsula to the village of Vangshylla in Inderøy Municipality in Innherred. The passage across Trondheim Fjord at Skarnsundet was operated by Innherredsferja from 1964 to 1991, when the ferry was replaced by the Skarnsund Bridge.

## History

Automobile ferry transport in Innherred started in 1958 when the company Innherredsferja started the route Levanger–Hokstad–Vangshylla–Kjerringvik–Venneshamn; connecting Levanger to the island of Ytterøya, and onwards connecting Inderøy with Mosvik. In 1964, a new road between Kjerringvik and Venneshamn opened, and at the same time a second ferry was purchased, allowing two routes to be established, the Levanger–Hokstad Ferry and the Vangshylla–Kjerringvik Ferry.
Four ferries have been used on the line; MF Innherredsferja (1964–69), MF Skarnsund (1969–82), MF Mosvik (1982–88), and MF Skarnsund II (1988–91).
Planning of the bridge began in 1983 with the establishment of the company AS Skarnsundsbrua that would finance the bridge and construction started in 1988. On 19 December 1991 the last ferry sailed, with King Harald V on board, and the bridge officially opened.
# Madurella

Madurella is a fungal genus of uncertain position in the Sordariales, and sometimes classified as Mitosporic Ascomycota.
It includes the following species:
* Madurella algiris C. W. Dodge, 1935
* Madurella americana Gammel, 1927
* Madurella bouffardii Vuill, 1931
* Madurella brumptii Cif. & Redaelli, 1941
* Madurella clapieri Cif. & Redaelli, 1941
* Madurella grisea Abd. Ahmed et al., 2014
* Madurella fahalii de Hoog et al., 2012
* Madurella ikedae Gemmel, 1927
* Madurella lackawanna Hanan, 1938
* Madurella langeronii Cif. & Redaelli, 1941
* Madurella mansonii Vuill, 1931
* Madurella mycetomatis Brumpt, 1905
* Madurella oswaldoi Horta, 1919
* Madurella ramiroi Pirajá, 1918
* Madurella reynieri Vuill, 1931
* Madurella tropicana de Hoog et al., 2012
Madurella mycetomatis is a main cause of eumycetoma, an infection of human extremities and rarely the nervous system, in arid regions of east Africa and Asia. The origin is soil and its dark agar colonies are often sterile, although sclerotia are often produced, and short chains of 1-celled conidia sometimes occur. A molecular assay distinguishes the four species based on rolling circle amplification of the internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal DNA (ITS).
# 1856 New Brunswick general election

The 1856 New Brunswick general election was a very close election. The conservative members of Parliament manage to claim 21 seats, to the liberals' 20. Premier Charles Fisher's alliance of Liberal MLAs were ousted from government, and John Hamilton Gray became the new Premier of the colony. The main issue of the election was Prohibition. In 1855, the Liberals had passed a legislation banning alcohol in the colony, following Maine's example. The new administration repealed this act in a special session immediately after forming government.

## Results

New Brunswick general election, 1856 :
| Party | Leader | Seats |
| Opposition | John Hamilton Gray | 21 |
| Government (Liberals) | Charles Fisher | 20 |
# Nurul Ain Lari

Nurul Ain Lari (1 July 1932 – 13 March 2011), also known by his pen name Ahmar Lari, was a writer, poet and educationist of Urdu literature. He was a former head of the Department of Urdu, Gorakhpur University, India.

## Early life and career

He was born on 1 July 1932 in Lar, Uttar Pradesh. He wrote numerous books, articles and poetry in Urdu. He had written his thesis on Maulana Hasrat Mohani and was conferred Ph D Degree by Gorakhpur University. His scholarly work on Hasrat Mohani related to Urdu poetry and criticism yielded a book: Hasrat Mohani: Hayat Aur Karname in 1973. This piece of work on Mohani seemed important because it has found a place in others' work as reported elsewhere. Among others he won an award by the Uttar Pradesh Urdu Academy in 2002.

## Death

Ahmar Lari died on 17 March 2011 in his hometown Gorakhpur.
# Dream Home (talk show)

Dream Home, formerly Power House is a Philippine television talk show broadcast on GMA News TV and GMA Network. Originally hosted by Mel Tiangco, it premiered on February 28, 2011. The show concluded on April 29, 2016. Kara David served as the final host from 2013 to 2016.

## Hosts

* Mel Tiangco (2011–13)
* Kara David (2013–16)

## Accolades

Accolades received by Power House :
| Year | Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| 2012 | 26th PMPC Star Awards for Television | Best Celebrity Talk Show Host | Mel Tiangco | Nominated |
| 2013 | 10th ENPRESS Golden Screen TV Awards | Outstanding Lifestyle Program | Power House | Nominated |
| 2013 | 10th ENPRESS Golden Screen TV Awards | Outstanding Lifestyle Program Host | Mel Tiangco | Nominated |
| 2015 | 29th PMPC Star Awards for Television | Best Celebrity Talk Show | Power House | Nominated |
| 2016 | 30th PMPC Star Awards for Television | Best Magazine Show | Power House | Nominated |
| 2016 | 30th PMPC Star Awards for Television | Best Magazine Show Host | Kara David | Nominated |