# Huy Đức

Trương Huy San, better known by his pen name Huy Đức, is a Vietnamese journalist, blogger, and author. In 2005–2006 he studied at the University of Maryland under a Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship. In 2012, he received a fellowship from the Nieman Foundation for Journalism to study at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

## Early life

Đức was born in 1962 in Hà Tĩnh province, Vietnam. He served in the Vietnamese army for eight years and fought in the Sino-Vietnamese Border War of 1979 and the Vietnamese-Cambodian War in the 1980s.

## Career

He became a journalist based in Ho Chi Minh City. He wrote for several newspapers such as Tuoi Tre, Thanh Nien, and Sai Gon Tiep Thi. Until 2010 he also wrote a blog called Osin, which was ranked as the most popular blog in Vietnam. The blog was critical of the Vietnamese government, attempting to "push the line but not cross the line". In 2009 he was dismissed from his post at Sai Gon Tiep Thi (Saigon Marketing), a state-run newspaper, because of comments on his blog. Since then he has been a freelance journalist.
While studying at Harvard, he published his book Bên Thắng Cuộc (The Winning Side). The two-volume book describes life in Vietnam after the end of the Vietnam War and the reunification of the country. The first volume, Giải Phóng (The Liberation), was published as an e-book in 2012, followed by a hardcover edition. Even before publication he published excerpts and chapters on his Facebook page; the excerpts were widely circulated through the internet. The second volume, Quyền Bính (The Power), was published the same year. The name "The Winning Side" is inspired by a quote from Vietnamese poet Nguyễn Duy: "In every war, whichever side wins, after all/ It's the people who take the fall."
The Vietnamese government has not officially banned the book, but the state-run media has been critical of it. In some cases, the Vietnamese government has seized copies of it and questioned people who had them. Critics have described the book as "perhaps the first critical, comprehensive history of Vietnam since 1975 by someone inside the country." The book ranked number one in the category Southeast Asia History for several weeks on Amazon, and since its publication it is one of the most downloaded electronic Vietnamese books.
Đức is one of many people interviewed in Ken Burns's series The Vietnam War.
In June 2024, Vietnamese national security police charged him with infringing on national security and due to writing he posted on Facebook, which was deleted on June 2nd with no explanation. He was arrested on the same day and for the same offences as human rights lawyer Trần Đình Triển. He was detained and police received warrants to search his residence and workplace. The 88 Project called the detainment an attack on reformers and freedom of the press, and called on the United States to sanction Vietnamese institutions involved with the charges.
In February 2025, Huy Duc was sentenced to 30 months in prison for Facebook posts that authorities claimed had "negative impacts on social order and safety." His conviction is part of a broader crackdown on dissent in Vietnam, where the government has increasingly targeted online critics and independent journalists.

## Works

* Bên thắng cuộc, Los Angeles, California : OsinBook, 2012. ISBN 9781467557917