# Anno Dracula

Anno Dracula is a 1992 horror novel by British writer Kim Newman, the first in the Anno Dracula series. It is an alternate history using 19th-century English historical settings and personalities, along with characters from popular fiction.

## Plot summary

The interplay between humans who have chosen to "turn" into vampires and those who are "warm" (humans) is the backdrop for the plot which tracks Jack the Ripper's politically charged destruction of vampire prostitutes. The reader is alternately and sympathetically introduced to various points of view. The main characters are Jack the Ripper, and his hunters Charles Beauregard (an agent of the Diogenes Club), and Geneviève Dieudonné, an elder French vampire (a similar version of Dieudonné appeared in Newman's trilogy of novels, written under the pseudonym Jack Yeovil, for the Warhammer Fantasy universe).

## Synopsis

The novel deviates from the events of Bram Stoker's Dracula. In this world, Vlad Tepes kills Abraham Van Helsing, and an injury sustained to Dr. John Seward's hand during a fight with Renfield means Van Helsing's allies lack the strength to defeat Dracula at the crucial moment. Instead, Dracula kills Quincey Morris and Jonathan Harker and completes Mina Harker's turning into a vampire. With no one to oppose him, Dracula creates thousands of British vampires, marries and turns Queen Victoria (acquiring official royal status as Prince Consort) and ushers in a period of increasing British vampire domination. Dracula is well advanced in imposing a police state in the United Kingdom, where dissenters may be jailed or impaled without trial. Many of the country's leading scientists and intellectuals who choose to stay "warm" (including Sherlock Holmes) are imprisoned in concentration camps in the rural counties. The only two survivors of Van Helsing's group are Seward, who now runs a free clinic in Whitechapel, and Arthur Holmwood, Lord Godalming, who choses to become a vampire and is groomed as a protégé by the new Prime Minister, Lord Ruthven.
Dieudonné has come down in the world, attending sick vampires in Seward's clinic. When another prostitute is murdered, Scotland Yard's Inspector Lestrade turns to them for an opinion. Beauregard, an agent of the Diogenes Club, is tasked with hunting down the killer, dubbed "Silver Knife" by the public, until an anonymous letter is delivered identifying him as "Jack the Ripper". The victim's inquest is attended by Lestrade, Dieudonné, and Beauregard, along with Captain Kostaki (an officer in Dracula's Carpathian Guard), and Dr. Henry Jekyll. Each sets out independently, with differing agendas. Separately, Lord Ruthven tasks Lord Godalming with heading an unofficial investigation to catch the killer.
Beauregard is abducted by an old enemy, a Tong leader who calls a truce on the understanding that the London underworld also has a strong interest in Silver Knife's capture. His official duties open a rift between him and his fiancée, Penelope Churchward (a cousin of his deceased first wife). In her zeal for social climbing, Penny urges Beauregard to agree that both of them will become vampires after their marriage.
Jack the Ripper strikes twice, failing to destroy one of his victims, Elizabeth Stride, who is brought to the clinic. Attempting to heal her wounds by shapeshifting, Stride does it imperfectly, lunging at Seward in her agony before dying. The implication is lost on Dieudonné and Beauregard, none of whom know that Seward, driven insane with grief over the loss of his love, Lucy Westenra, has taken to hunting vampires on his own. His murderous activities abate, temporarily, when he becomes infatuated with another prostitute, Mary Jane Kelly, who closely resembles Lucy.
During a temporary lull in the killings, Beauregard and Dieudonné, having similar ideas, become closer, while Penny is increasingly annoyed at Beauregard's lack of attention. In her haste, she allows Godalming to turn her, but the transformation is imperfect, and Penny almost dies, before Beauregard nurses her back to health with Dieudonné's help. Repulsed by the creature Penny has become, Beauregard ends their engagement and he and Dieudonné become lovers.
Public unrest escalates, with unclear causes. An anti-vampire leader is shot, and another of the Carpathian Guard is blown up with dynamite, both perhaps by the same mysterious vampire. Captain Kostaki and Scotland Yard Inspector Mackenzie form an unlikely alliance to find the culprit, but the mysterious vampire ambushes them, killing Mackenzie and disabling Kostaki with a silver bullet to his knee. Framed for Mackenzie's murder, Kostaki is imprisoned in the Tower of London, under the control of Graf Orlok. Lord Godalming questions Kostaki in secret, believing he has identified the Ripper as Sergeant Dravot, a vampire agent of the Diogenes Club. Eager to claim the credit for himself, Godalming leaves Kostaki to be condemned for Mackenzie's death. While following Dravot, alone, Godalming is aggravated by a "chance" meeting with his old friend, Seward, not realizing until too late that Seward is the real Ripper, who believes Godalming betrayed him and Lucy by becoming a vampire.
Beauregard and Dieudonné both realize that Seward is the Ripper. They race to Whitechapel and apprehend him, but not before he has killed both Kelly and Godalming. They leave the murder scene with Seward in custody, but then encounter Dravot, who admits to acting on the Diogenes Club's orders. These orders required him to kill Mackenzie, foment the riots, and stand by as Seward butchered Mary Jane Kelly. These orders also require there to be, officially, two Rippers: Seward and Godalming were working together before they fell out and Seward killed the other. Beauregard and Dieudonné are equally disgusted. When Seward points out that Dracula will turn him into a vampire so he can be tortured for all eternity, Beauregard kills him out of mercy.
When Beauregard confronts his superiors at the Diogenes Club, he asks why he was assigned to the case at all, since Dravot did all the actual work. He is told that Dravot, a vampire, could not be given the official credit for solving the murders, and it is necessary for Beauregard to carry out the final step of the plan.
Beauregard soon understands what this means when he and Dieudonné are invited to Buckingham Palace to be officially thanked by Queen Victoria for their role in catching the Ripper. Inside the palace, the two lovers confront Count Dracula, holding the turned Victoria as a prisoner. Knowing that neither of them can defeat Dracula in direct combat, Beauregard slips Seward's silver scalpel to Victoria, allowing her to kill herself, thus depriving Dracula of his status as Prince Consort and his legal authority over Great Britain. Before the vampires can retaliate, a riot breaks loose outside the Palace – possibly orchestrated by the club – and spills inside, allowing Beauregard and Dieudonné to escape and forcing Dracula to flee the country.

## Characters

Newman incorporated numerous figures from popular fiction (due to the historical period, many are from works in the public domain).

### Main characters

| Character | Creator | Origin |
| Charles Beauregard | Kim Newman | Original |
| Penelope Churchward | Kim Newman | Original |
| Vlad Tepes, Count Dracula | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Daniel Dravot | Rudyard Kipling | The Man Who Would Be King |
| Mycroft Holmes | Arthur Conan Doyle | The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes |
| Kostaki | Alexandre Dumas | The Pale Lady |
| Inspector Lestrade | Arthur Conan Doyle | A Study in Scarlet |
| Lord Ruthven | John William Polidori | The Vampyre |
| Kate Reed | Bram Stoker | Early draft of Dracula |
| John Seward | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Arthur Holmwood | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Geneviève Dieudonné | Kim Newman | Drachenfels |
| Count Vardalek | Count Stenbock | The True Story of a Vampire |
| Inspector Mackenzie | E.W. Hornung | The Amateur Cracksman |

### Minor characters

The following characters are only mentioned, or appear only briefly in the novel.

#### From literature

| Character | Creator | Origin |
| Kurt Barlow | Stephen King | 'Salem's Lot |
| Brides of Dracula | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Sir Danvers Carew | Robert Louis Stevenson | Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde |
| Thomas Carnacki | William Hope Hodgson | Carnacki, the Ghost-Finder |
| Gunga Din | Rudyard Kipling | Gunga Din |
| Soames Forsyte | John Galsworthy | The Forsyte Saga |
| Fu Manchu (referred to as 'The Celestial', 'The Doctor', and 'The Lord of Strange Deaths') | Sax Rohmer | The Mystery of Dr. Fu-Manchu |
| Griffin | H. G. Wells | The Invisible Man |
| Basil Hallward | Oscar Wilde | The Picture of Dorian Gray |
| Mina Harker | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Sherlock Holmes | Arthur Conan Doyle | A Study in Scarlet |
| Doctor Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde | Robert Louis Stevenson | Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde |
| Carmilla Karnstein | Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu | Carmilla |
| Lestat de Lioncourt | Anne Rice | Interview with the Vampire |
| Macheath | Bertolt Brecht | The Threepenny Opera |
| Admiral Sir Mandeville Messervy (presumed ancestor of Admiral Sir Miles Messervy) | Ian Fleming (derived) | Original |
| Sebastian Moran | Arthur Conan Doyle | The Return of Sherlock Holmes |
| Doctor Moreau | H. G. Wells | The Island of Doctor Moreau |
| Professor Moriarty | Arthur Conan Doyle | The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes |
| The Murgatroyds | W.S. Gilbert | Ruddigore |
| Allan Quatermain | H. Rider Haggard | King Solomon's Mines |
| Rupert of Hentzau | Anthony Hope | The Prisoner of Zenda |
| Bill Sikes | Charles Dickens | Oliver Twist |
| Sir Francis Varney | James Malcolm Rymer and Thomas Peckett Prest | Varney the Vampire |
| Waverly (presumed ancestor of Alexander Waverly) | Sam Rolfe, Norman Felton | The Man from U.N.C.L.E. (derived) |
| A. J. Raffles | E.W. Hornung | The Amateur Cracksman |
| Dr. Antonio Nikola | Guy Boothby | A Bid for Fortune: or, Dr Nikola's Vendetta |
| Clayton | Arthur Conan Doyle | The Hound of the Baskervilles |
| Lord John Roxton | Arthur Conan Doyle | The Lost World |
| Lucy Westenra | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Abraham Van Helsing | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Renfield | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Jonathan Harker | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Quincey Morris | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Lulu Schon | Frank Wedekind | Pandora's Box |
| Chandagnac | Kim Newman | Drachenfels |
| The Old Jago | Arthur Morrison | A Child of the Jago |
| Ivan Dragomiloff | Jack London | The Assassination Bureau, Ltd |
| Countess Geschwitz | Frank Wedekind | Pandora's Box |
| Melissa d'Acques | Kim Newman | Drachenfels |
| Count Brastov | Charles L. Grant | The Soft Whisper of the Dead |
| Prince Conrad Vulkan | Robert R. McCammon | They Thirst |
| Edward Weyland | Suzy McKee Charnas | The Vampire Tapestry |
| Baron Karnstein | Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu | Carmilla |
| Lady Adeline Ducayne | M.E. Braddon | Good Lady Ducayne |
| Sarah Kenyon | F.G. Loring | The Tomb of Sarah |
| Ethelind Fionguala | | Ken's Mystery |
| Countess Dolingen | Bram Stoker | Dracula's Guest and Other Weird Stories |
| The Amahagger | H. Rider Haggard | She: A History of Adventure |
| Ezzelin Von Klatka AKA Azzo Von Klatka | Mark Twain | The Mysterious Stranger |
| Madame de la Rougierre | Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu | Uncle Silas |
| Clarimonde | Théophile Gautier | La Morte Amoureuse |
| Martin Hewitt | Arthur Morrison | Martin Hewitt, Investigator |
| Max Carrados | Ernest Bramah | Max Carrados |
| Augustus Van Dusen | Jacques Futrelle | The Thinking Machine |
| Cotford | Bram Stoker | Early draft of Dracula |
| Mrs. Warren | George Bernard Shaw | Mrs. Warren's Profession |
| Berserker the Dog | Bram Stoker | Dracula |
| Louis Bauer | Patrick Hamilton | Gas Light |
| A Wessex Cup Winner | Arthur Conan Doyle | The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes |
| Mrs. Amworth | E. F. Benson | Mrs. Amworth |
| Henry Wilcox | E. M. Forster | Howards End |
| General Zaroff | Richard Connell | The Most Dangerous Game |
| Hawkshaw the Detective | Gus Mager | The Ticket-of-Leave Man |
| Edward "Ned" Dunn Malone | Howard Waldrop | The Adventure of Grinder's Whistle |
| Sweeney Todd | Unknown but probably James Malcolm Rymer and/or Thomas Peckett Prest | The String of Pearls |
| Mr. Poole | Robert Louis Stevenson | Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde |
| Jacob Marley | Charles Dickens | A Christmas Carol |
| Caleb Croft | David Chase | The Still Life |
| Fagin | Charles Dickens | Oliver Twist |
| Allan Quatermain | H. Rider Haggard | King Solomon's Mines |

#### From film or television

| Character | Origin |
| Adam Adamant | Adam Adamant Lives! |
| Baron Meinster | The Brides of Dracula |
| Barnabas Collins | Dark Shadows |
| Elder Chinese Vampire | Mr. Vampire |
| Prince Mamuwalde | Blacula |
| Count Orlok | Nosferatu |
| John Reid | The Lone Ranger |
| Count Von Krolock | The Fearless Vampire Killers |
| Count Yorga | Count Yorga, Vampire |
| Carl Kolchak | The Night Stalker |
| Don Sebastian de Villanueva | The Black Castle |
| The Wurdalak | Black Sabbath |
| Lucian de Terre | The Werewolves of London |
| Count Mitterhouse | Vampire Circus |
| Armand Tesla | The Return of the Vampire |
| Count Duval | El Vampiro |
| Countess Marya Zaleska | Dracula's Daughter |
| Asa Vajda | Black Sunday |
| Martin Cuda | Martin |
| Anthony | The Night Stalker |
| Dr. Ravna | The Kiss of the Vampire |
| Dr. Callistratus | Blood of the Vampire |

## Historical people mentioned or appearing as characters

* Alessandro Cagliostro
* Alexander Graham Bell
* Alexandra of Denmark
* Alexander Pedachenko
* Alfred Tennyson
* Alfred Waterhouse
* Algernon Charles Swinburne
* Anne Bonny (spelled here as "Anne Bonney")
* Annie Besant
* Annie Chapman
* Antoine Augustin Calmet
* Arnold Toynbee
* Arthur Morrison
* Arthur Sullivan
* Barbara of Cilli (here said to be one of the three Brides of Dracula)
* Beatrice Potter
* Benjamin Franklin
* Billy the Kid
* Bram Stoker (in the world of Anno Dracula it would appear he never wrote the novel "Dracula", since the characters from it are presented here as real people)
* Caligula
* Catherine Eddowes (spelled here as "Catharine" for whatever reason)
* Catherine II of Russia
* Charles Darwin
* Charles Peace
* Charles Warren
* Constance Naden
* Count of St. Germain (however, the idea that he was a vampire comes from Hotel Transylvania and its sequels by Chelsea Quinn Yarbro)
* Daniel Halse
* David Cohen
* Edward Aveling
* Edward Bouverie Pusey
* Edward Bulwer-Lytton
* Edward Carpenter
* Edward VII
* Edward Bairstow
* Eleanor Marx
* Elizabeth Báthory (her description is strongly suggestive of the 1971 German-Belgian horror film Daughters of Darkness)
* Elizabeth Garrett Anderson
* Elizabeth Stride
* Ellen Terry
* Emma Elizabeth Smith
* Eyre Massey Shaw
* Florence Stoker
* Francis Coles
* Frank Harris
* Frederick Abberline
* Frederick Gordon Brown
* Galileo Galilei
* George Bernard Shaw
* George Lusk
* George VI
* George Woodbridge (actor) (though born after the events of the book, he did star in Dracula (1958 film), Dracula: Prince of Darkness & Jack the Ripper (1959 film).)
* Guy Fawkes
* Henry Hyndman
* Henry Labouchère
* Henry Matthews
* Isaac Newton
* Isabella Beeton
* James McNeill Whistler
* Joan of Arc
* John Henry "Doc" Holliday
* John Keble
* John Netley
* John Pizer
* Jonathan Wild
* Joseph Barnett (Jack the Ripper suspect)
* Joseph Grimaldi
* Joseph Merrick
* Leslie Stephen
* Lewis Carroll
* Louis Diemschütz
* Marie Corelli
* Marie Manning (murderer)
* Marie Spartali Stillman
* Mark Pattison (academic)
* Martha Tabram
* Mary Ann Nichols
* Mary Jane Kelly
* Montague Druitt
* Nicolae Iorga
* Olive Schreiner
* Oscar Wilde
* Pat Garrett
* Peter Guthrie Tait
* Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale
* Queen Victoria
* Rebecca Kosminski (a possible reference to Aaron Kosminski)
* Richard Jefferies
* Robert Anderson (Scotland Yard official)
* Robert Cunninghame-Graham
* Robert Donston Stephenson (addressed as "D'Onston" here)
* Robert James Lees
* Robert Knox
* Rose Mylett (her daughter Lily also appears)
* Samuel Barnett (reformer)
* Sir Frederick Treves, 1st Baronet
* Sophia Jex-Blake
* Theodore Watts-Dunton
* Thomas Bond (British surgeon)
* Thomas Carlyle
* Thomas Edison
* Thomas Henry Huxley
* Thomas John Barnardo
* Virgil
* Vlad Tepeş (here said to be the same person as Dracula)
* W. S. Gilbert
* Walter Sickert
* William Booth
* William Gull
* William Holman Hunt (his wife Edith Waugh is also mentioned)
* William Le Queux
* William Morris
* William Thick
* William Thomas Stead
* Wynne Edwin Baxter

## Critical reception

From the book cover: "The most comprehensive, brilliant, dazzlingly audacious vampire novel to date." (Locus); "A tour de fource which succeeds brilliantly." (The Times); "A marvellous marriage of political satire, melodramatic intrigue, gothic horror, and alternative history." (The Independent).
David Krugman of The Telegraph said that the book did not have several scares but also mentioned that it is well-written and well-plotted. Milo of The Guardian also noted the book's plot and its well-thought twists. CT Phipps of Grimdark Magazine observed the novel's atmosphere and compared its grimdark setting with the works of Alan Moore.