# Politics of Beijing

The politics of Beijing are structured as a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in the mainland of the People's Republic of China.
The Mayor of Beijing is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Beijing. Since Beijing is a centrally administered municipality with the rank of a province, the mayor occupies the same level in the order of precedence as provincial governors. However, in the city's dual party-government governing system, the mayor is subordinate to the Beijing Municipal Committee Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
The office of Beijing Party Secretary (Chinese: 北京市委书记) has always historically been a high-profile post. Since the founding of the People's Republic, the Party Secretary of Beijing has almost always held a seat on the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party, the country's top ruling organ. Because of Beijing's position as the national capital, the Secretary is also involved in major decision making of national events. Peng Zhen, the first Beijing party secretary, was an important political figure nationally, and was purged by Mao in the opening act of the Cultural Revolution. Xie Fuzhi, whose term lasted from 1967 to 1972, was concurrently China's top security official, and held significant influence nationally. Chen Xitong's (term 1992-95) political influence was considered a threat to the Shanghai clique that he was removed from the position and tried on corruption charges. When the People's Republic celebrated its 50th anniversary in 1999, it was Beijing Party Secretary Jia Qinglin (term 1997-2002) who presided over the festivities. Liu Qi (term 2002–2012) was the chair of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, and spoke at both the opening and closing ceremonies of the games. Liu Qi also presided the celebration of 60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China in 2009.

## List of CCP secretaries

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end | Notes |
| 1 | Peng Zhen (彭真) (1902–1997) | 13 December 1948 | May 1966 | Purged during Cultural Revolution, later rehabilitated |
| 2 | Li Xuefeng (李雪峰) (1907–2003) | May 1966 | April 1967 | Purged during Cultural Revolution, later rehabilitated |
| 3 | Xie Fuzhi (谢富治) (1909–1972) | 1971 | 26 March 1972 | Minister of Public Security during Cultural Revolution |
| 4 | Wu De (吴德) (1913–1995) | 1972 | 1978 | |
| 5 | Lin Hujia (林乎加) (1916–2018) | 1978 | 1981 | |
| 6 | Duan Junyi (段君毅) (1910–2004) | January 1981 | May 1984 | |
| 7 | Li Ximing (李锡铭) (1926–2008) | 1984 | October 1992 | Party chief during 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre |
| 8 | Chen Xitong (陈希同) (1930–2013) | October 1992 | September 1995 | Sacked, found guilty of corruption, jailed |
| 9 | Wei Jianxing (尉健行) (1931–2015) | 1995 | August 1997 | Politburo Standing Committee (1997–2002) |
| 10 | Jia Qinglin (贾庆林) (born 1940) | August 1997 | October 2002 | Politburo Standing Committee (2002–2012) |
| 11 | Liu Qi (刘淇) (born 1942) | October 2002 | July 2012 | Party chief during 2008 Beijing Olympics |
| 12 | Guo Jinlong (郭金龙) (born 1947) | July 2012 | May 2017 | |
| 13 | Cai Qi (蔡奇) (born 1955) | May 2017 | November 2022 | Politburo Standing Committee (2022– ) |
| 14 | Yin Li (尹力) (born 1962) | November 2022 | Incumbent | |

## List of chairmen of Beijing People's Congress

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end |
| 1 | Jia Tingsan (贾庭三) (1912–1984) | 1979 | 1983 |
| 2 | Zhao Pengfei (赵鹏飞) (1920–2005) | 1983 | 1993 |
| 3 | Zhang Jianmin (张健民) (born 1931) | 1993 | 2001 |
| 4 | Yu Junbo (于均波) (born 1941) | 2001 | 2007 |
| 5 | Du Deyin (杜德印) (born 1951) | 2007 | 2017 |
| 6 | Li Wei (李伟) (born 1958) | 2017 | 2023 |
| 6 | Li Xiuling (李秀领) (born 1962) | 2023 | Incumbent |

## List of mayors
### Republic of China

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end |
| 1 | Ding Naiyang (丁乃揚) (1870–1944) | 1 January 1912 | 24 December 1912 |
| 2 | Zhang Guangjian (張廣建) (1864–1938) | 24 December 1912 | 19 September 1913 |
| 3 | Wang Zhixin (王治馨) (1868–1914) | 16 October 1913 | 23 March 1914 |
| 4 | Shen Jinjian (沉金鑑) (1875–1924) | 23 March 1914 | September 1915 |
| 5 | Wang Da (王達) (1881–1946) | 26 September 1915 | 3 August 1920 |
| 6 | Wang Hu (王瑚) (1865–1933) | 3 August 1920 | 18 September 1920 |
| 7 | Sun Zhenjia (孫振家) (1858–?) | 18 September 1920 | 19 May 1922 |
| 8 | Liu Menggeng (劉夢庚) (1881–?) | 19 May 1922 | 5 November 1924 |
| 9 | Wang Zhixiang (王芝祥) (1858–1930) | 5 November 1924 | 31 December 1924 |
| 10 | Xue Dubi (薛篤弼) (1892–1973) | 31 December 1924 | 9 October 1925 |
| 11 | Liu Ji (劉驥) (1887–1967) | 20 October 1925 | May 1926 |
| 12 | Li Yuan (李垣) (1879–?) | 4 September 1926 | 24 September 1927 |
| 13 | Zhang Jixin (張濟新) (1874–1952) | 24 September 1927 | 3 June 1928 |
| 14 | Li Shengpei (李升培) (?–?) Acting Mayor | 4 June 1928 | 25 June 1928 |
| 15 | He Chengjun (何成濬) (1882–1961) Acting Mayor | 25 June 1928 | 13 July 1928 |
| 16 | He Qigong (何其鞏) (1899–1955) | 13 July 1928 | 12 June 1929 |
| 17 | Chang Yin-wu (張蔭梧 Zhang Yinwu) (1891–1949) | 12 June 1929 | 27 February 1931 |
| 18 | Wang Tao (王濤) (1866–1937) Acting Mayor | October 1930 | March 1931 |
| 19 | Zhou Dawen (周大文) (1895–1971) | 27 February 1931 | 16 June 1933 |
| 20 | Hu Ruoyu (胡若愚) (1895–1962) Acting Mayor | April 1931 | June 1931 |
| 21 | Yuan Liang (袁良) (1883–1953) | 16 June 1933 | 1 November 1935 |
| 22 | Song Zheyuan (宋哲元) (1885–1940) | 1 November 1935 | 8 November 1935 |
| 23 | Qin Dechun (秦德純) (1893–1963) | 8 November 1935 | 28 July 1937 |
| 24 | Zhang Zizhong (張自忠) (1891–1940) | 28 July 1937 | 6 August 1937 |
| 25 | Jiang Chaozong (江朝宗) (1861–1943) Appointed by the Japanese | 6 August 1937 | 7 January 1938 |
| 26 | Yu Jinhe (餘晉龢) (1887–?) | 7 January 1938 | 9 February 1943 |
| 27 | Su Tiren (蘇體仁) (1888–1979) Acting Mayor | 1941 | 9 February 1943 |
| 28 | Liu Yushu (劉玉書) (1884–?) | 9 February 1943 | 20 February 1945 |
| 29 | Xu Xiuzhi (許修直) (1881–1954) | 20 February 1945 | 16 August 1945 |
| 30 | Xiong Bin (熊斌) (1894–1964) | 16 August 1945 | 15 July 1946 |
| 31 | He Siyuan (何思源) (1896–1982) | 15 July 1946 | July 1948 |
| 32 | Liu Yaozhang (劉瑤章) (1897–1993) | July 1948 | 4 February 1949 |

### People's Republic of China

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end | Notes |
| 1 | Ye Jianying (叶剑英) (1897–1986) | 8 December 1948 | 8 September 1949 | One of the Ten Great Marshals of the People's Republic |
| 2 | Nie Rongzhen (聂荣臻) (1899–1992) | 8 September 1949 | 26 February 1951 | One of the Ten Great Marshals of the People's Republic |
| 3 | Peng Zhen (彭真) (1902–1997) | 26 February 1951 | May 1966 | |
| 4 | Wu De (吴德) (1913–1995) | May 1966 | 20 April 1967 | |
| 5 | Xie Fuzhi (谢富治) (1909–1972) | 20 April 1967 | 26 March 1972 | |
| 4 | Wu De (吴德) (1913–1995) | May 1972 | 9 October 1978 | |
| 6 | Lin Hujia (林乎加) (1916–2018) | 9 October 1978 | 25 January 1981 | Concurrently served as party chief |
| 7 | Jiao Ruoyu (焦若愚) (1915–2020) | 25 January 1981 | 24 March 1983 | |
| 8 | Chen Xitong (陈希同) (1930–2013) | 24 March 1983 | February 1993 | Promoted to party chief |
| 9 | Li Qiyan (李其炎) (1938–2020) | February 1993 | October 1996 | Demoted |
| 10 | Jia Qinglin (贾庆林) (born 1940) | October 1996 (acting) February 1997 | February 1999 | Promoted to party chief |
| 11 | Liu Qi (刘淇) (born 1942) | February 1999 | January 2003 | Promoted to party chief |
| 12 | Meng Xuenong (孟学农) (born 1949) | 19 January 2003 | 20 April 2003 | Sacked for mishandling SARS outbreak |
| 13 | Wang Qishan (王岐山) (born 1948) | 20 April 2003 (acting) February 2004 | 30 November 2007 | Politburo Standing Committee (2012–2017) Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (2012–2017) Vice President of China (2018–) |
| 14 | Guo Jinlong (郭金龙) (born 1947) | 30 November 2007 (acting) January 2008 | 25 July 2012 | Promoted to party chief |
| 15 | Wang Anshun (王安顺) (born 1957) | 25 July 2012 (acting) 28 January 2013 | 31 October 2016 | Politically sidelined |
| 16 | Cai Qi (蔡奇) (born 1955) | 31 October 2016 (acting) 20 January 2017 | 27 May 2017 | Promoted to party chief |
| 17 | Chen Jining (陈吉宁) (born 1964) | 27 May 2017 (acting) 30 January 2018 | 28 October 2022 | |
| 18 | Yin Yong (殷勇) (born 1969) | 28 October 2022 (acting)19 January 2023 | Incumbent | |

## List of chairmen of CPPCC Beijing Committee

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end |
| 1 | Liu Ren (刘仁) (1909–1973) | 1955 | 1967 |
| 2 | Ding Guoyu (丁国钰) (1916–2015) | November 1977 | December 1979 |
| 3 | Zhao Pengfei (赵鹏飞) (1920–2005) | December 1979 | March 1983 |
| 4 | Liu Daosheng (刘导生) (1913–2014) | March 1983 | March 1985 |
| 5 | Fan Jin (范瑾) (1919–2009) | March 1985 | May 1986 |
| 6 | Bai Jiefu (白介夫) (1921–2013) | May 1986 | 1993 |
| 7 | Wang Daming (王大明) (born 1929) | 1993 | 1998 |
| 8 | Chen Guangwen (陈广文) (born 1936) | 1998 | January 2003 |
| 9 | Cheng Shi'e (程世峨) (born 1940) | January 2003 | January 2006 |
| 10 | Yang Anjiang (阳安江) (born 1945) | January 2006 | January 2011 |
| 11 | Wang Anshun (王安顺) (born 1957) | January 2011 | January 2013 |
| 12 | Ji Lin (吉林) (born 1962) | January 2013 | January 2022 |
| 13 | Wei Xiaodong (魏小东) (born 1961) | January 2022 | Incumbent |

## List of the Chairmen of Beijing Supervisory Committee

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end |
| 1 | Zhang Shuofu (张硕辅) (born 1965) | January 2017 | July 2018 |
| 2 | Chen Yong (陈雍) (born 1966) | January 2019 | July 2021 |
| 3 | Chen Jian (陈健) (born 1964) | November 2021 | Incumbent |