OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hildebold of Wunstorf

Hildebold of Wunstorf (? - 11 October 1273), also Hildbold, was the Prince-Archbishop of Bremen from 1258 until his death.

## Life

He was a son of Hildebold II, Count of Wunstorf [de] and Hedwig of Oldenburg, daughter of Maurice I. He was appointed as Domherr of Bremen in 1241 and, from 1250, as archdeacon of Rüstringen.

### Bremen Diocesan Feud

Hildebold was elected following an ambivalent vote. The Bremen cathedral chapter at St. Peter's Cathedral in Bremen were overwhelmingly on his side, but the Hamburg Cathedral Chapter and several Bremen canons had voted for the dean (Dompropst), Gerhard von der Lippe, a great nephew of the deceased prince-archbishop, Gerhard II of Lippe. Gerhard had the support of his uncle, the Paderborn prince-bishop, Simon [de], who as coadjutor of Gebhard II had the castles of Langwedel and Vörde in his possession. Hildebold was able, however, with the aid of the ministeriales and for a payment of 800 marks, to gain ownership of both castles. Simon, with the help of the troops from Stedingen, advanced against Hildebold until he suffered a heavy defeat at the Battle of Munderloh against Hildebold who was militarily supported by his cousin John I, Count of Oldenburg. After Hildebold had succeeded in gaining the prince-archbishopric and the archdiocesan see, he immediately travelled to Rome where he was able to successfully prevail against his opposition. On 17 April 1259 he was ordained by Pope Alexander IV and given the Pallium.

### Political activity

He became involved in a dispute with the city of Bremen over the construction of Versfleth Castle. The Bremen citizens accused him of wanting to use the castle to threaten the free movement of shipping on the Weser. The castle was captured by Bremen in 1262 and slighted. In a treaty on 14 August 1262, Hildebold had to guarantee Bremen that he would not have any more castles built between Bremen and the mouth of the Weser.
He also came into conflict with Hamburg after he awarded the town of Stade the right to charge tolls and staple rights. The dispute was decided in favour of Hamburg when a privilege was confirmed by Emperor Frederick I, that Hamburg's shipping could use the River Elbe without being charged tolls. Even his attempt to end the independence of Hamburg's cathedral chapter failed. Pope Clemens IV issued several decrees which confirmed the independence of the Hamburg cathedral chapter.
After the Wildeshausen line of the House of Oldenburg died out in 1270 Hildebold inherited the County of Wildeshausen, which, from then on, remained in the hands of Bremen.

## Death

Hildebold died on 11 October 1273 in Bremen and was buried in Bremen Cathedral. He was followed in office by Gilbert of Brunckhorst [de], a cousin on his mother's side.

## Literature

* Wilhelm von Bippen (1880). "Hildebold". Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 12. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. pp. 398–399.
* Günter Glaeske (1972). "Hildebold". Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 9. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. p. 119. (full text online).
# Goodall-Woods Law Office

The Goodall-Woods Law Office is an historic former office building on United States Route 302 in Bath, New Hampshire. The modest two-story brick building, now a private residence, was built in 1816 by Ira Goodall, and is an unusual local example of Federal architecture. It is particularly distinctive for its two-story rounded bay, which projects from the front (street facade). The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

## Description and history

The former Goodall-Woods Law Office building is located in Bath's Upper Village, on the east side of US 302. It is a small 2-1/2 story brick structure, with a gabled roof set perpendicular to the road. Its street facade is a single bay wide, consisting of a rounded projection housing two windows on each floor. It is topped by a semi-conical roof that has a wooden balustrade, and there is a brick chimney sandwiched between the projection and the main block. The main block is three bays deep, with the main entrance in the rightmost bay on the north side, slightly askew from a symmetrical placement. It is topped by a half-round transom window with a granite keystone at the top. Ground-floor windows are set in rectangular openings with stone lintels, while the upper-floor windows are butted against the roof eave at the top.
The structure was built in 1816 by Ira Goodall. At the time of its National Register listing in 1980, most of the distinctive front bay's brickwork and mortar were original, as were the decorative woodwork elements, which were carved to fit its curve. The bricks for the house were locally made, and those for the rounded section were custom-moulded for the purpose.
# Dean & DeLuca

Dean & DeLuca is an American chain of upscale grocery stores. The first one was established in New York City's SoHo district by Joel Dean, Giorgio DeLuca and Jack Ceglic in September 1977. They were joined in September 1979 by Eugenio Pozzolini, who became a partner in 1981. It is headquartered in Wichita, Kansas. In 2014, Dean & Deluca was acquired by Pace Development, a Thai luxury development company.

## History

Giorgio DeLuca, a school teacher turned cheese merchant, and Joel Dean, a publishing business manager, opened the first Dean & DeLuca in September 1977 in SoHo, an area in lower Manhattan, at the corner of Prince and Greene streets. In October 1988, a new flagship market was opened at the corner of Broadway and Prince Streets. Smaller retail outlets followed in Manhattan's Rockefeller Plaza and the Paramount Hotel. Espresso bars were also located around New York and in Washington, DC.
Dean & DeLuca at one time operated locations in New York City; Napa County, California; Washington, D.C.; Charlotte, North Carolina; Leawood, Kansas; Tokyo; Seoul; Bangkok; Dubai; Kuwait; Bahrain; Manila; Taipei; Singapore; Kuala Lumpur; and Macau.
Dean & DeLuca uses a license structure in foreign markets. Dean & DeLuca opened its first international location in Tokyo in 2003 with Itochu Dean & Deluca Japan (currently 50 locations across Japan), followed by MahaNakhon in Bangkok in July 2011 and Orchard Central in Singapore in June 2012. In 2007, they signed their second license agreement in the Middle East with M.H. Alshaya Co. (five locations, including a flagship location in Kuwait City in 2009, one location in Doha, Qatar in May 2010, two locations in Dubai, and one location in Bahrain in 2017). In 2010, Dean & DeLuca signed additional license agreements with Pace Development Thailand (three locations), Shinsegae Korea (two locations), and Mekassa, Turkey.
On July 11, 2019, Dean & DeLuca announced the closing of many of its U.S. locations, bringing the number of stores down to six. According to the company's CRO, the company ceased operating in mid 2019; the remaining stores are franchisees which paid the franchisor $1.5 million in royalties annually.
On April 1, 2020, Dean & DeLuca filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection from creditors with liabilities of as much as $500 million and assets of no more than $50 million. Its owner, Thailand’s Pace Development Corp., defaulted on a total of 9.5 billion Thai baht (about $315 million) of debt in 2019. The primary case is Dean & Deluca New York, Inc. which filed Chapter 11 bankruptcy in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Six affiliated companies also filed bankruptcy.
Dean & DeLuca completed its financial restructuring on January 28, 2021. Siam Commercial Bank acquired a 26.49 percent stake in the company in a debt-for-equity deal. The company said that it was working to restart operations in the United States and around the world.
# Zamia fischeri

Zamia fischeri is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae. It is endemic to Mexico. It is often confused with Zamia vazquezii. Zamia fischeri is named after Gustav Fischer, a cycad enthusiast of the nineteenth century.
Z. fischeri is the namesake of the Fischeri clade.

## Description

Zamia fischeri has a subglobose subterranean stem about 8 cm in diameter. Zamia fischeri has a large stem and cones compared to its leaf size. The cataphylls are ovate, 1 to 1.5 centimeters long, and 1.5 to 2 centimeters wide. The leaves are about 15 to 30 centimeters long; the petioles are 5 to 10 centimeters long, and the rachis has 5 to 9 pairs of leaflets. The leaflets are papyraceous, tapering toward the base, and are acute apically with margins having several serrations in the outermost half. The larger middle leaflets are 3 to 5 centimeters long and .5 to 1 centimeters wide. The tan pollen cones are usually ovoid-cylindrical in shape, obtuse towards the apex, 5 to 7 centimeters in length, and 1 to 2 centimeters in diameter, with the peduncle being 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters long. The seed cones are greenish-gray to gray, cylindrical to ovoid-cylindrical in shape, acuminate at the apex, 8 to 12 centimeters long and 4 to 7 centimeters in diameter. The plant has red seeds, about 1.3 to 1.8 centimeters long and 0.5 to 0.8 centimeters in diameter. Zamia fischeri can be distinguished from Zamia vazquezii by having smaller leaves (15-30 centimeters), lancelike leaflets, and no prickles on its petioles.

## Habitat

It grows as an understory plant in the oak and cloud forests of central Mexico at about 600 meters in elevation. It receives about 1500 to 2000 millimeters of rainfall yearly. Temperatures in its habitat fall between 20 and 30 Celsius in summer, and 10 to 20 Celsius in winter. It is presumed to be rare in the wild, due to habitat destruction.

## Range

It is found in Mexico:
* Hidalgo state
* San Luis Potosí state
* Querétaro state
* Tamaulipas state

## Ecology

Zamia fischeri is the host plant for Cycad leaf necrosis virus, the only known Badnavirus to infect a gymnosperm.

## Cultivation

Zamia fischeri is rare in cultivation. It has been collected from the wild only a few times before.
# Reina Beltman

Reina Beltman (born 9 June 1996) is a Dutch female artistic gymnast, representing her nation at international competitions. She was an alternate alongside Tisha Volleman for the 2016 Summer Olympics.
# Grand Cheval Productions

Grand Cheval Productions is an Auckland, New Zealand based film and television production company. In 2011 Grand Cheval won the 48HOURS Film Competition for their film The Child Jumpers.
# Big Ten Conference Women's Basketball Defensive Player of the Year

The Big Ten Conference Women's Basketball Defensive Player of the Year is an annual college basketball award presented to the top women's basketball defensive player in the Big Ten Conference.

## Key

| † | Co-Player of the Year |
| C | Coaches selection |
| M | Media selection |

## Winners

| Season | Player | School |
| 1999–2000 | Stacey Thomas | Michigan |
| 2000–01 | Tamara Moore | Wisconsin |
| 2001–02 | Kelly Komara | Purdue |
| 2002–03 | Tanisha Wright | Penn State |
| 2003–04 | Tanisha Wright (2) | Penn State |
| 2004–05 | Tanisha Wright (3) | Penn State |
| 2005–06 | Kim Wilburn | Ohio State |
| 2006–07 | Lindsay Wisdom-Hylton | Purdue |
| 2007–08 | Shavelle Little | Ohio State |
| 2008–09 | Shavelle Little (2) | Ohio State |
| 2009–10 | Allyssa DeHaan | Michigan State |
| 2010–11 | Lykendra Johnson | Michigan State |
| 2011–12 | Amber Stokes | Ohio State |
| 2012–13 | Adrienne GodBold | Illinois |
| 2013–14 | Dara Taylor | Penn State |
| 2014–15 | Syessence Davis | Rutgers |
| 2015–16 | Ashley Deary | Northwestern |
| 2016–17 | Ashley Deary (2) | Northwestern |
| 2017–18 | Ae'Rianna Harris | Purdue |
| 2018–19 | Ae'Rianna Harris (2) | Purdue |
| 2019–20 | Veronica Burton | Northwestern |
| 2020–21 | Veronica Burton (2) | Northwestern |
| 2021–22 | Veronica Burton (3) | Northwestern |
| 2022–23 | Mackenzie Holmes | Indiana |
| 2023–24 | Celeste Taylor $^C$ | Ohio State |
| 2023–24 | Serah Williams $^M$ | Wisconsin |
| 2024–25 | Lauren Betts | UCLA |

## Winners by school

| School (year joined) | Winners | Years |
| Northwestern | 5 | 2016, 2017, 2020, 2021, 2022 |
| Ohio State | 5 | 2006, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2024 |
| Penn State (1992) | 4 | 2003, 2004, 2005, 2014 |
| Purdue | 4 | 2002, 2007, 2018. 2019 |
| Michigan State | 2 | 2010, 2011 |
| Wisconsin | 2 | 2001, 2024 |
| Illinois | 1 | 2013 |
| Indiana | 1 | 2023 |
| Michigan | 1 | 2000 |
| Rutgers (2014) | 1 | 2015 |
| UCLA (2024) | 1 | 2025 |
| Iowa | 0 | — |
| Maryland (2014) | 0 | — |
| Minnesota | 0 | — |
| Nebraska (2011) | 0 | — |
| USC (2024) | 0 | |
# Bose Institute

Bose Institute (or Basu Bigyan Mandir) is a premier public research institute of India and also one of its oldest. The Bose Institute Kolkata is a Tier 1 Natural Science Research Institute in India, sharing the podium with India's top natural science research institutes viz., Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, IISc Bengaluru, NCBS Bengaluru and IIT Bombay. The institute was established on 30 November 1917 by Acharya Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose, the father of modern scientific research in the Indian subcontinent. Bose was its director for the first twenty years till his demise. Debendra Mohan Bose, who succeeded the Nobel laureate Sir CV Raman as Palit Professor of Physics at the University of Calcutta, was the director of Bose Institute for the next thirty years. The institute pioneered the concept of interdisciplinary research in Asia and India in sync with global trends.

## Academics
### Research

Current concentration of research is in the fields of physics, chemistry, plant biology, microbiology, molecular medicine, biochemistry, biophysics, bioinformatics and environmental science. The institute pioneered the concept of interdisciplinary research in Asia and India in sync with global trends. The pioneering work of Jagadish Chandra Bose at the dawn of Bose institute on the effect of stimuli in plants was helpful in the establishment of the electrical nature of the conduction of various stimuli in plants. The institute has contributed to extremely important discoveries and has been home to internationally renowned researchers like Sambhu Nath De (discoverer of the cholera toxin), Debendra Mohan Bose (who pioneered the use of photographic emulsion plates in particle physics as attested by the Nobel laureate Sir C. F. Powell ) along with Bhibha Chowdhuri and others, Gopal Chandra Bhattacharya, Shyamadas Chatterjee (known for research on fusion) etc.

### Museum

Jagadish Chandra Bose himself started the display of his instruments which, as a continuous process, made their way into the present museum in the year 1986–87. The main purpose of this technological museum is to display and maintain some of the instruments designed, made and used by Sir J. C. Bose, his personal belongings and memorabilia. The museum is housed in the main campus at 93/1 A. P. C. road (formerly Upper Circular road) and is open on all weekdays.

### Funding

Bose institute is funded by Department of Science and Technology, Govt of India.

## Notable researchers

* Jagadish Chandra Bose – Physicist, biologist and botanist (1857–1937)
* Debendra Mohan Bose – Indian physicist (1885–1975)
* Gopal Chandra Bhattacharya – Indian entomologist (1895–1981)
* Bibha Chowdhuri – Indian cosmic ray physicist (1913–1991)
* Sambhu Nath De – Indian medical researcher (1915–1985)
* Probir Roy – Indian particle physicist (born 1942)
* Indrani Bose – Indian physicist (born 1951)
* Siddhartha Roy – Indian scientist (born 1954)
* Dipankar Home – Indian physicist (born 1955)
* Joyoti Basu – Indian medical researcher (born 1957)
* Sampa Das – Indian biotechnologist
# Nowe Kotkowice

Nowe Kotkowice (German: Neu Kuttendorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głogówek, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the Czech border. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Głogówek, 25 km (16 mi) east of Prudnik, and 33 km (21 mi) south of the regional capital Opole. Historically located in Upper Silesia, in the Prudnik Land.
Since 2009, in addition to the official Polish language, German has also been recognized as an additional secondary language.
# Grays Harbor Light

The Grays Harbor Lighthouse (Westport Light) is a lighthouse located on Point Chehalis on the southern side of the entrance to Grays Harbor, Westport, Grays Harbor County, Washington, in the United States.

## History

The 107-foot (33 m) Grays Harbor Lighthouse is the tallest lighthouse in Washington and the third tallest on the West Coast. It marks the entrance to Grays Harbor, which is one of Washington's few outer-coast harbors, and was first lit in 1898. Construction began in 1897, using plans drawn up by architect Carl Leick, at a site facing the Pacific Ocean about 400 feet (120 m) from water's edge. Massive amounts of accretion, due in large part to the jetty system at the entrance to Grays Harbor, have since built up, and the lighthouse now stands approximately 3,000 feet (910 m) from high tide.
The base of the lighthouse rests on a 12-foot-thick (3.7 m) foundation of sandstone. The lighthouse walls, which are four feet thick at the base, are made of brick with a coating of cement on the exterior. Originally windows lit the interior of the tower, but to cut down on maintenance they were cemented over when electricity was added to the station. One hundred thirty-five (135) metal stairs bolted to the wall lead to the lantern room.
The light's initial signature was a five-second white flash, darkness, then a five-second red flash. After electricity reached the lighthouse, the signature became white flashes followed by 15 seconds of darkness, then red flashes followed by 15 seconds of darkness. In August 1992, the original third order Fresnel lens was turned off. A smaller light (FA-251), manufactured in New Zealand, was mounted to the balcony. The new light operates on a 35 watt bulb and can be seen 19 miles (17 nmi; 31 km) with the white sector, 17 on the red sector. The original lens still occupies the lantern room.
In late 1960s, the Coast Guard automated the light. In 1977, the lighthouse achieved listing on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2004, under the National Historic Lighthouse Preservation Act of 2000, ownership was transferred to the Westport-South Beach Historical Society, which conducts regular tours. The light station is adjacent to Westport Light State Park.
# Grays Reef Light

The Grays Reef Light is a lighthouse located in northeastern Lake Michigan, 3.8 miles (6.1 km) west of Waugoshance Island in Bliss Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

## History

In the 1880s, as shipments of iron ore increased through the Straits of Mackinac, shippers began advocating for better lighting of the shoals in the area. In 1889, Congress appropriated $60,000 to construct three lightvessels to be moored at Simmons Reef, White Shoals, and here at Grays Reef. The three vessels, designated LV55, LV56, and LV57, were constructed by Blythe Craig Shipbuilding of Toledo, Ohio, and were put in service in late 1891. LV57 served for every shipping season on Grays Reef until 1923, when its hull had deteriorated to a point where it was removed from service. LV103 (the Lightship Huron) served on Grays reef from 1923–27, when LV56 was transferred to the station. LV56 lasted only two years until it, too deteriorated enough to be removed from service. LV103 was returned to Grays Reef for the first part of the 1929 season, and was then replaced with LV99.
By this time, with improvements in underwater construction, it had become feasible to construct a permanent light station on Grays Reef, rather than depending on a moored lightvessel. In 1934, Congress approved funding for a new station. The Greiling Brothers Company was hired to construct the light station, and work began in the summer of 1934. The structure was finished in September 1936, two months behind schedule and over budget.
In 1937, a radio beacon and 40 feet (12 m) tower was installed at the station; the tower was removed in 2010. In 1939, the United States Coast Guard took over operational control. The lighthouse was staffed until 1976, when a solar-powered system was installed. The lighthouse now has a 7.5-inch (190 mm) 12-volt DC acrylic Tideland Signal optic.

## Description

The Grays Reef Light is built to exactly the same plan as the Minneapolis Shoal Light, built at approximately the same time. The design is a modification of one created by F. P. Dillon and W. G. Will, which was used in Conneaut, Ohio and Huron, Ohio.
The light sits on a square reinforced concrete pier, 30 feet (9.1 m) high and 64 feet (20 m) on a side. Atop the pier is a two-story base, 15-foot (4.6 m) high and 30 feet (9.1 m) on a side. The cellar and first floor in the base were built to house diesel generators, boilers, and compressors to provide power and heat to the light, fog signal, and keeper's quarters. The second floor of the base housed the keeper's quarters. The lighthouse tower is placed in the center of the building roof. The tower is 65 feet (20 m) tall, and tapers from 16 feet (4.9 m) at the base to 10 feet (3.0 m) beneath the gallery. The entire light is covered on the exterior with steel plates. The lantern atop the tower has helical astragals, and housed a red 3-1/2 order Fresnel lens.