OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Greene County Courthouse (Iowa)

The Greene County Courthouse, located in Jefferson, Iowa, United States, was built in 1918. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. In 2011, it was included as a contributing property in the Jefferson Square Commercial Historic District. The courthouse is the third structure to house court functions and county administration. The courthouse features the Mahany Tower, a 120 feet bell tower.

## History

The first courthouse in Greene County was a frame building built in 1856 for $1,825. Prior to that time the county officers were housed in the Thomas Phillips Building. The second courthouse was completed in 1870 for $37,000. The building featured a bell in the cupola that served as a fire alarm, called the court into session and announced curfew. The present courthouse was dedicated in 1917 and was built at a cost of $200,000.
A monument to President Abraham Lincoln was added in 1918 to commemorate the Lincoln Highway, which passes in front of the courthouse. The Mahanay Tower was built on the southwest corner of the courthouse grounds in 1966. In 1993, the Lindsey Memorial, commemorating Greene County native Darrell R. Lindsey, posthumous World War II Medal of Honor recipient, was relocated from the Lindsey Air Station in Wiesbaden, Germany to the southeast corner of the courthouse grounds.

## Architecture

The prominent Des Moines architectural firm of Proudfoot, Bird & Rawson designed the three-story building in the Beaux Arts style. The three-story structure measures about 124 by 86 feet (38 by 26 m), and its exterior is faced in Bedford Stone. The north and south elevations are identical, as are the east and west elevations. The main facades (the north and south elevations) feature Ionic porticos. A clock is set in the tympana of the triangular pediments. They are decorated with bas-relief figures and swags. The secondary facades feature Ionic pilastrades set in antis.
The interior of the building is organized around the central rotunda, which extends through from the basement to the attic. The rotunda floor features a 14 feet (4.3 m) mosaic tile reproduction of the county seal, and the ceiling is a stained glass dome. William Peaco painted the four murals that adorn the inner dome. They are entitled: The Buffalo Hunt, The Emigrants, The Pioneer and The Modern Farm.

## Mahanay Tower

The bell tower was built at a cost of $350,000 and funded by the estate of Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Mahanay and dedicated on October 16, 1966. The 165-foot (50 m) tower is in the Brutalist style with a three concave sides and contains 14 bells cast by the Petit & Fritsen Bell Foundry in Aarle-Rixtel in the Netherlands. The bells chime on the quarter-hour and can be operated by an electric keyboard. The tower has an observation deck at 120 feet (37 m) that is accessed via a glass elevator.
# Primrose Harley

Primrose Harley became Primrose Roper and Primrose Codrington (19 April 1908 – 22 April 1978) was a British painter and gardener. As an artist she was known for her paintings and murals.

## Life

Harley was born on Primrose Day 19 April 1908, at 25 Harley Street, St Marylebone, the London home of her parents Vaughan Harley (1864–1923) and Mary 'Ming' née Blagden (1869–1936). Harley studied at Chelsea Polytechnic, where she was taught by Graham Sutherland, and then attended the East Anglian School of Painting and Drawing under Cedric Morris. She completed a set of murals for Dorland Hall, the then headquarters of British European Airways in Regent Street in central London. During her artistic career Harley exhibited at the Royal Academy in London, with the New English Art Club, the London Group and with the Society of Women Artists.
In 1936 Harley married Lt-Col John Alfred Codrington (1898–1991) a career soldier who had a lifelong interest in plants. They divorced in 1942 and she later married the landscape gardener Lanning Roper (1912–1983) in 1952 and worked with him on his landscaping projects.
Harley died on 22 April 1978 at her home in Chelsea.
# Macrancylus linearis

Macrancylus linearis is a species of terrestrial beetle in family Curculionidae. It is believed to have originated in the Pacific, having been introduced in mainland USA. It is currently distributions includes Hawaii, Texas, Florida and the West Indies. The insect was found along shorelines, specifically in driftwood.
# Kadruk Monastery

Kadruk Monastery (Chinese: 卡久寺; Tibetan: དཀར་བཅུ་དགོན་པ།, Kadruk Gonpa), also known as Kadruk Tashi Lhunpo Hermitage (Tibetan: བཀྲ་ཤིས་ལྷུན་གྲུབ་དགོན་པ།), is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery situated atop the mist-shrouded summit of Gyapugyen mountain in Lhozhag County, Shannan, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.

## History

Established in 1570 CE, the monastery lies 75 kilometers from Lhozhag County at an elevation of 4,019 meters, surrounded by dense forests, snow-capped peaks, and deep valleys near the Bhutan border. Designated a Tibet Autonomous Region Cultural Relic Protection Unit in 2007, it holds significance as one of the Five Hidden Lands of Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche), who is said to have meditated here for seven years during the 8th century.
Originally a Nyingma school institution, Kadruk Monastery was founded by the tertön (treasure revealer) Rigdzin Ngodrup Gyelpo and expanded by the Fifth Dalai Lama in 1682. Its architectural complex, covering 2,691.62 square meters, features a main hall housing statues of Padmasambhava, Amitayus, Four-armed Avalokiteshvara, and the monastery's lineage masters. The site preserves over 100 ancient meditation caves carved into cliffs, along with sacred relics such as Padmasambhava's footprints and ritual objects. A perilous cliffside plank pathway leads to secluded hermitages in the valley below, a pilgrimage route symbolizing spiritual devotion.

## Ecology

The monastery is enveloped by primeval forests, alpine meadows, and rhododendron groves, with elevation gradients fostering biodiversity. The area hosts rare species like the Himalayan monal (lophophorus impejanus) and medicinal plants such as high-altitude Codonopsis. Microclimates create ethereal fog banks that shroud the monastery, earning it the moniker "Cloud Temple." Nearby, the Three Sacred Lakes—Dorje Drölma Tso, Yungdrung Tso, and Dorje Yudrön Tso—reflect tricolored hues (black, white, blue) and are central to annual circumambulation rituals by monks.
Kadruk Monastery is integral to the 12-year Zhari Pilgrimage during the Monkey Year, drawing devotees who complete their circumambulation of Mount Kailash here. Its fusion of spiritual heritage, dramatic landscapes, and ecological richness epitomizes Tibet's sacred geography, offering a sanctuary where nature and devotion intertwine.
# Helicopsis conopsis

Helicopsis conopsis is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Geomitridae, the hairy snails and their allies.
This species is endemic to Morocco.
# Chattogram University railway station

Chittagong University Railway Station (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় রেলওয়ে স্টেশন) is situated next to Shahid Amoo Road in Hathazari, Chittagong, Bangladesh. It was built to facilitate access of Chittagong University students to the university campus. It has one platform.

## University Shuttle Train

The university Shuttle Train is a unique feature of this university. This train is operated by Bangladesh Railway eastern division and monitored by university authority. Everyday thousands of students commute to and from the university through this train. As per the new schedule, CU-bound trains will leave Chattogram railway station at 7:30am, 8:00am, 3:50pm, 5:30pm, and 8:30pm while they will leave from Sholoshohor railway station at 9:45am and 10:30am. Besides, city-bound trains will leave Chittagong University railway station at 8:45am, 9:20am, 2:30pm, 3:30pm, 5:00pm, 6:00pm and 9.30pm.

## Gallery

* Railway station platform
* Railway station area
* Demu Train at Chattogram University Railway Station
# Newcastle coach station

Newcastle Coach Station is a coach station located in Newcastle upon Tyne. It opened in 2003, as a replacement for the former Gallowgate Coach Station.
The coach station is located on Churchill Street, and is a short walk from Newcastle railway station. It is one of three bus stations in the city centre – the others being Eldon Square and Haymarket.
The coach station has five bays, with facilities including a booking office, waiting room, seating and toilet facilities. A taxi rank is available on Churchill Street. Above the bays is a translucent curved canopy roof, with a glazed block screen wall.
Newcastle Coach Station is served mainly by National Express, however, it is also used by a number of independent operators – including JH Coaches and Wright Bros. of Alston. The station is not served by Megabus, with services instead using a stop on John Dobson Street, adjacent to Newcastle City Library.
# John Gilbert (painter)

Sir John Gilbert RA (21 July 1817 – 5 October 1897) was an English artist, illustrator and engraver.

## Biography

Gilbert was born in Blackheath, Surrey, and taught himself to paint. His only formal instruction was from George Lance. Skilled in several media, Gilbert gained the nickname, "the Scott of painting". He was best known for the illustrations and wood-engravings he produced for the Illustrated London News.
Gilbert was initially apprenticed to a firm of estate agents, but taught himself art by copying prints. He was unable to enter the Royal Academy Schools, but mastered watercolour, oils, and other media. From 1836 he exhibited at the Society of British Artists, and at the RA from 1838. The art patron Thomas Sheepshanks and the artist William Mulready suggested that he learn wood engraving. Starting with Punch, he moved on to the Illustrated London News. He designed an impressive number of wood-engravings (over 2000) for that publication and for The London Journal. He also produced very many illustrations for books, including nearly all the important English poets (including his illustrated Shakespeare with almost 750 drawings). He became president of the Royal Watercolour Society in 1871. He exhibited some 400 pictures in watercolour and oil exhibited at the various societies. In 1872 he was knighted. He became an RA in 1876, in the same year as Edward John Poynter.
The Gilbert-Garret Competition for Sketching Clubs was started in 1870 at St. Martins School of Art, and named after its first president, John Gilbert. In 1893 he presented a collection of his work to the Guildhall Art Gallery in the City of London.
Gilbert is buried at Brockley and Ladywell Cemeteries.

## Illustrated books and legacy

Gilbert illustrated:
* William Shakespeare. Song and sonnets (London: S. Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, 1862).
* Tales from Shakspere. Charles Lamb (London: Richard Clay & Sons, Bread Street Hill, 1866)
* The Works of William Shakspere. Edited by Charles Knight – with nearly four hundred illustrations by Sir John Gilbert A.R.A (Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1878)
Gilbert has nearly sixty oil paintings in British national collections.
# Ange-Loïc N'Gatta

Ange-Loïc N'Gatta (born 11 December 2003) is a French professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Ligue 1 club Auxerre.

## Career

On 11 August 2023, N'Gatta signed his first professional contract with Auxerre, a deal until 2026. The following day, he made his professional debut in Ligue 2 in a 1–0 home defeat to Amiens. On 16 November 2023, N'Gatta received a one-match suspension and a €1,000 fine by the LFP for having bet on matches in the prior season. On 1 February 2024, Auxerre manager Christophe Pélissier announced that N'Gatta had suffered an injury that would keep him out of action for three months. This was his second major injury of the 2023–24 season, after an injury in early September 2023 had been expected to keep him off the pitch from six to eight weeks.

## Personal life

Born in France, N'Gatta is of Ivorian descent.

## Honours

Auxerre
* Ligue 2: 2023–24
# 1720s in South Africa

The following lists events that happened during the 1720s in South Africa.

## Events
### 1722

* Groot Constantia was built
* 17 January - Sampson and Amstelveer, richly laden, are wrecked on the southern coast, beginning a disastrous year for Dutch ships in South Africa
* 17 June - A gale lasting several days drives away ten ships lying at anchor in Table Bay harbour. All the ships sank, and 660 people lost their lives

### 1724

* 14 February - An expedition leaves Cape Town to establish ports along the east coast. The members reach Delagoa Bay and build a fort, but are later raided by English pirates
* 8 September - Jan de la Fontaine provisionally becomes Governor of the Cape Colony

### 1727

* 25 February - Pieter Gysbert Noodt becomes Governor of the Cape

### 1728

* 28 April - Jan de la Fontaine is again appointed provisional Governor of the Cape
* 3 July - The ship Middenmark is driven on the rocks in Table Bay by a strong wind and 75 people are drowned

## Deaths

* 21 May 1721 - Johan Cornelis d'Ableing, acting Governor of the Cape, dies
* 1724 - Olof Bergh, Swedish explorer to Namaqualand, dies in Cape Town, aged 81
* 8 September 1724 - Maurits Pasques de Chavonnes, Governor of the Cape, dies
* 23 April 1729 - Pieter Gysbert Noodt, Governor of the Cape, dies of a sudden heart attack at the age of 48 during the hanging of four soldiers who had deserted
# Ewan Fordyce

Robert Ewan Fordyce FRSNZ (14 July 1953 – 10 November 2023) was a New Zealand palaeontologist. He specialised in the evolution of whales, dolphins, and early penguins.

## Life and career

Fordyce joined the Department of Geology at the University of Otago in 1982 and retired in 2021. During his career, he was involved in the discovery and description of many fossil species, including the giant penguin Kairuku and the ancient whale Llanocetus. He also had a new species of giant penguin named for him, Kumimanu fordycei, which was described in 2023.
In 2012, Fordyce was awarded the Hutton Medal for "his seminal contributions in New Zealand vertebrate paleontology, notably in relation to the occurrence, taxonomy and display of fossil marine mammals such as whales and dolphins and of penguins". In 2019, he won the McKay Hammer Award for a 2016 paper he co-authored with Robert W. Boessenecker reviewing early baleen whales (Eomysticetidae) and describing a new whale species, Matapanui waihao.
Fordyce died on 10 November 2023, at the age of 70.
# Dan Mozena

Dan Mozena (born May 1, 1949 in Dubuque, Iowa) is a United States Foreign Service Officer and a member of the Senior Foreign Service. He served as the United States Ambassador to Angola 2007–2010 and as United States Ambassador to Bangladesh 2011–2015.

## Education and early career

Mozena graduated from Iowa State University in 1970 with a Bachelor of Science degree in history and government. He participated in a cultural exchange program to Nepal under the auspices of the National 4-H Council from 1970 to 1971. From 1971 to 1974, Mozena attended graduate school at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He graduated in 1974 with a Master of Arts degree in political science and a Master of Public Administration degree. From 1974 to 1976, Mozena was a Peace Corps volunteer in Zaire. Before joining the Foreign Service, Mozena worked as a program specialist from 1977 to 1981 for the National 4-H Council in Chevy Chase, Maryland.

## Foreign Service career

Ambassador Mozena joined the U.S. Foreign Service as a Political Officer in 1981.
* 1982 - 1983: Consular Officer, U.S. Embassy, Lusaka, Zambia
* 1983 - 1985: Economic Officer and Political Officer, U.S. Embassy, Kinshasa, Zaire
* 1985 - 1988: Public Diplomacy Officer, Office of Strategic Nuclear Policy, Political-Military Bureau, Dept. of State
* 1988 - 1989: Hindi language study, Foreign Service Institute
* 1989 - 1992: Deputy Counselor for Political Affairs, U.S. Embassy, New Delhi, India
* 1992 - 1993: Officer-in-Charge, South African Affairs, Dept. of State
* 1993 - 1995: Deputy Director, Office of Southern African Affairs, Dept. of State
* 1995 - 1998: Deputy Counselor for Political Affairs, U.S. Embassy, Islamabad, Pakistan
* 1998 - 2001: Counselor for Political and Economic Affairs, U.S. Embassy, Dhaka, Bangladesh
* 2001 - 2004: Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy, Lusaka, Zambia
* 2004 - 2007: Director, Office of Southern African Affairs, Dept of State, Washington
* 2007 - 2010: U.S. Ambassador to Angola, Luanda, Angola
* 2010 - 2011: Professor of National Security, National War College, Washington
* 2011 - 2014: U.S. Ambassador to Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

## Family

Mozena is the second of four sons and one daughter of Kenneth and Edna Mozena. In 1971, Mozena married Grace Feeney. They have two children: Anne (1979) and Mark (1983).
# Kulik-Kolonia

Kulik-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siedliszcze, within Chełm County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.
# Joe Corsi

Joseph Corsi (4 October 1894 – 1959) was a Welsh professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s. He played at representative level for Wales, and at club level for Rochdale Hornets and Oldham, as a wing.

## Background

Joe Corsi's birth was registered in Cardiff district, Wales, and his death aged 64 was registered in Cardiff district, Wales.

## Playing career
### International honours

Joe Corsi played on the wing in Wales' 11-18 defeat by England at Fartown Ground, Huddersfield on Thursday 1 November 1923.

### Challenge Cup Final appearances

Joe Corsi played on the wing in Rochdale Hornets' 10-9 victory over Hull F.C. in the 1922 Challenge Cup Final during the 1921–22 season at Headingley, Leeds on Saturday 6 May 1922, in front of a crowd of 32,596, and played on the wing in Oldham's 4–21 defeat by Wigan in the 1924 Challenge Cup Final during the 1923–24 season at Athletic Grounds, Rochdale on Saturday 12 April 1924. About Joe Corsi's time, there was Oldham's 16–3 victory over Hull Kingston Rovers in the 1925 Challenge Cup Final during the 1924–25 season at Headingley, Leeds, the 3–9 defeat by Swinton in the 1926 Challenge Cup Final during the 1925–26 season at Athletic Grounds, Rochdale, and the 26–7 victory over Swinton in the 1927 Challenge Cup Final during the 1926–27 season at Central Park, Wigan.

### County Cup Final appearances

Joe Corsi played on the wing in Oldham's 10–0 victory over St Helens Recs in the 1924 Lancashire Cup Final during the 1924–25 season at The Willows, Salford on Saturday 22 November 1924.

## Personal life

Joe Corsi had four brothers (Angelo, Jack, Louis and Rigo) who all played rugby league for various club in the 1920s.
# Putty knife

A putty knife is a specialized tool used when glazing single glazed windows, to work putty around the edges of each pane of glass. An experienced glazer will apply the putty by hand, and then smooth it with the knife. Modern insulated glazing may use other ways of securing the glass to the window frame.
A spackle knife (called a scraper in British English, also known as a spatula in American English) is also commonly called a "putty knife", and is used for scraping surfaces or spreading material such as plaster in various construction trades. Widths from 11⁄4" to 5" or 6" are commonly available. Wider-bladed knives up to about 12" are used for sheet rocking. Larger blades are made, but generally lack the stability of the smaller blades and do not make a perfectly flat surface.
Stiff-blade knives, typically 1 mm or .040" thick, are suitable for scraping. Flexible-blade knives, typically 0.5 mm or .020" thick, are suitable for spreading. Due to the conductive nature of metallic blades, they should be kept at a safe distance from electrical components.
Disposable knives, with handle and blade molded as a single piece of plastic, are suitable for occasional jobs such as spreading roof patching tar or mixing two-part adhesives, avoiding laborious cleanup which may involve hazardous solvents.
# Florida State Road 959

State Road 959 (SR 959), known locally as West 57th Avenue and Red Road, is a 5.381-mile-long (8.660 km) north-south Florida state highway located in south Miami-Dade County west of Downtown Miami. It runs from U.S. 1 at the south end at the South Miami-Coral Gables border to Perimeter Road, just south of the runway of the Miami International Airport at its north end.

## Route description

State Road 959 begins at the intersection with Red Road and US 1 (South Dixie Highway), with SR 959 heading north, going through the southwestern end of the University of Miami campus, and then through residential areas, as it acts as the dividing line between Coral Gables to its east and South Miami and patches of unincorporated Miami-Dade County to the west between US 1 and SR 976 (Bird Road). North of Bird Road, Red Road continues through the residential sections of Coral Gables, and enters the residential areas of West Miami, crossing US 41 (Tamiami Trail). SR 959 then enters Miami, intersecting SR 968 (Flagler Street). North of NW 5th Street, Red Road becomes more commercial as it approaches the airport area, with a major shopping center and hotel at the intersection with NW 7th Street. Following that, SR 959 then crosses a canal and has an interchange with the Dolphin Expressway (SR 836), with the road terminating just north of the interchange at a dead end intersection with North 12th Street/Perimeter Road, just south of the Miami International Airport runway.

## History

This section of Red Road received its FDOT of SR 959 designation in 1980. Its original configuration was 2.7 miles (4.3 km) longer as it stretched southward to the intersection of Red Road and Southwest 111th Street (Killian Drive), where it met the eastern end of SR 990 just outside the parking lot of the original Parrot Jungle, a major tourist attraction. Between 1995 and 2001, FDOT truncated several State Roads in Miami-Dade County, and both SR 959 and SR 990 were cut back to terminate at US 1.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Miami-Dade County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Coral Gables–South Miami line | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 1 (South Dixie Highway / SR 5) | no left turn from either direction of SR 959 |
| Coral Gables | 1.821 | 2.931 | SR 976 (Southwest 40th Street / Bird Road) | |
| Coral Gables | 2.807 | 4.517 | Coral Way / Southwest 24th Street | |
| Coral Gables–West Miami line | 3.855 | 6.204 | US 41 (Southwest 8th Street / Tamiami Trail / SR 90) | |
| Miami | 4.353 | 7.005 | SR 968 (Flagler Street) | |
| ​ | 5.27 | 8.48 | SR 836 to I-95 / SR 826 / Florida's Turnpike Extension – Airport | no access from SR 959 south to SR 836 east or SR 836 west to SR 959 north |
| ​ | 5.381 | 8.660 | Perimeter Road | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||