# 2025 Philippine local elections

Local elections in the Philippines will take place on May 12, 2025. These will be conducted together with the 2025 general election for national positions. All elected positions above the barangay level will be contested. The following 18,191 positions will be contested:
* All 82 provincial governorships and vice-governorships
* 792 provincial board members (regular Sangguniang Panlalawigan members)
* All 149 mayorships and vice mayorships in cities
* 1,682 city councilors (regular Sangguniang Panlungsod members)
* All 1,493 mayorships and vice mayorships in municipalities
* 11,948 municipal councilors (regular Sangguniang Bayan members)
Elections for the Bangsamoro Parliament was originally synchronized with the local elections, but was postponed to October 2024.
The elective positions in the barangays will not be decided on this day. The elections for these positions will be held in December 2025.

## Electoral system

Local government in the Philippines is governed by the Local Government Code of 1991. The country is divided into autonomous regions, provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays. For elections on this day, all local positions above the barangay level and below the regional level are disputed.
Election slates of a governor, vice governor and Sangguniang Panlalawigan (for provinces), mayor, vice mayor and Sangguniang Panlungsod/Bayan (for cities and municipalities) are common. Provincial and city/municipal slates may cross-endorse each other. Slates may contain candidates from multiple parties. Positions are elected separately.

### Bangsamoro Parliament

For the Bangsamoro Parliament, a person may have up to three votes, one each from the following:
* 40% of seats via parliamentary districts elected via first-past-the-post voting
* 50% of seats via party-list proportional representation
* 10% of seats being reserved, elected via sectoral conventions and elections

### Executive positions

For governor, vice governor, mayor and vice mayor, voting is via first-past-the-post.

### Legislative positions

For regular members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, Panlungsod and Bayan, voting is via multiple non-transferable vote, where a voter has as many votes as there are positions, and can distribute it to how many candidates there are on the ballot.
Reserved seats designated as Indigenous People's Mandatory Representation are not elected on this day, nor are barangay positions.
Ex officio seats in local legislatures are also not elected on this day. Philippine Councilors League seats on the Sangguniang Panlalawigan are elected later.

## Bangsamoro Parliament

According to the Bangsamoro Organic Law, the first Bangsamoro Parliament election should had been on 2022, along with the 2022 local elections. However, a law was passed that deferred it to 2025, along with the 2025 local elections In February 2025, another law deferred it to October 2025, which caused it not to be held concurrently with the elections in May. The law considers the October 2025 Bangsamoro elections as a continuation of the 2025 general election, and not as a "special election", and that the winners shall serve until June 2028, with the May 2028 elections not being changed.

## Provincial elections

All 82 provinces shall hold elections for their elective offices.
The provinces of Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur shall hold its first election after voters from the old province of Maguindanao approved its division in a 2022 plebiscite.

## City elections

All 149 cities shall hold elections for its elective offices.
The new cities of Baliwag, Calaca and Carmona will elect its officials for the first time as cities after their voters approved cityhood in separate plebiscites from 2022 to 2023.
Butuan and Taguig increased the number of councilors in its city councils. Butuan now has 12 councilors elected at large from 10, while Taguig now has 12 councilors elected from its two districts, from 8 per district.

## Municipal elections

All 1,493 municipalities shall hold elections for its elective offices.
The new municipalities of Kadayangan, Kapalawan, Ligawasan, Malidegao, Nabalawag, Old Kaabakan, Pahamuddin and Tugunan will elect its officials for the first time after their voters approved incorporation in a 2024 plebiscite.