OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Prez, Switzerland

Prez (French pronunciation:) is a municipality in the district of Sarine in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, the former municipalities of Corserey, Noréaz and Prez-vers-Noréaz merged to form the new municipality of Prez.

## World Heritage Site

The former municipality of Noréaz is home to the En Praz des Gueux prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlements that are part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps UNESCO World Heritage Site.
En Praz des Gueux is the only prehistoric lakeside settlement on the banks of a small lake in the Canton of Fribourg. The site is dated to the classic Cortaillod era (4000-3500 BC). The site was discovered by accident in 1971 in a boggy area near the present shore of the Lac de Seedorf. Under a layer of about 70 cm (28 in) of peat timbers, gravel and stone slabs were discovered.

## History
### Corserey

Corserey is first mentioned around 1150-62 as Corserei.

### Noréaz

Noréaz is first mentioned in 1134 as Noarea.

### Prez-vers-Noréaz

Prez-vers-Noréaz is first mentioned in 1156 as de Pratellis.

## Geography

Post-merger Prez has an area, (as of the 2004/09 survey), of 12.61 km$^2$ (4.87 sq mi).

## Demographics

The new municipality has a population (as of December 2020) of 2,345.

## Historic Population

The historical population is given in the following chart:
# God's Bits of Wood

God's Bits of Wood is a 1960 novel by Senegalese author Ousmane Sembène. It is a fictional treatment based on an historic railroad strike in colonial Senegal of the 1940s. It was written and published in French under the title Les bouts de bois de Dieu. The book deals with several ways that the Senegalese and Malians responded to colonialism. The book casts a critical regard towards accommodation, collaboration, and overall idealization of the French colonials. At the same time, the story details the strikers who work against the mistreatment of the Senegalese people.
The novel was translated into English in 1962, and published by William Heinemann, London, as God's Bits of Wood. It was part of their influential African Writers Series.

## Plot summary

The action takes place in several locations—primarily in Bamako, Thiès, and Dakar. The map at the beginning shows the locations and suggests that the story is about a whole country and all of its people. A large cast of characters are associated with each place. Some are featured players—Fa Keita, Tiemoko, Maimouna, Ramatoulaye, Penda, Deune, N'Deye, Dejean, and Bakayoko. The fundamental conflict is captured in two characters: Dejean, the French manager and colonialist, and Bakayoko, the soul and spirit of the strike. In another sense, however, the main characters of the novel are the people as a collective and the railroad itself.
The strike causes an evolution in the self-perception of the strikers; this is especially noticeable among the women of Bamako, Thiès, and Dakar. These women go from standing behind the men to walking alongside them and eventually marching ahead of them. When the men are able to work the factory jobs that the railroad provides them, the women are responsible for running the markets, preparing the food, and rearing the children.
But the onset of the strike gives the role of bread-winner – or perhaps more precisely, bread scavenger – to the women. Eventually it is the women who march on foot for over four days from Thiès to Dakar. Many of the men originally oppose the women's march, but it is this show of determination from the marching women, formerly dismissed by the French as "concubines", that demonstrates how relentless the strikers and their communities are. Recognizing the women's march causes the French to understand the nature of the willpower that they are facing, and shortly after the French agree to the demands of the strikers.
The book also highlights the oppression faced by women in the colonial era. They were deprived of their ability to speak on matters regarding society as a whole. Sembène, however, raises their status by considering them equally important to the men in the strike and society.

## Historical significance

The book came out in 1960, the year that Senegal achieved independence. The theme of unity is significant for the building of the newly independent nation.
# Tabanus

Tabanus is a genus of biting horseflies of the family Tabanidae. Females have scissor-like mouthparts that are able to penetrate the skin of livestock animals. The horsefly can then extract and ingest the animal's blood. Horseflies of this genus are known to be potential vectors of anthrax, worms and trypanosomes. Some species, such as Tabanus bovinus, prefer bovine animals and are less harmful to humans. The genus contains hundreds of species and many species groups.
# Driss Bamous

Driss Bamous (15 December 1942 – 16 April 2015) was a Moroccan football midfielder. He was also a trained professional soldier at the military academy of Saint Cyr, France.

## Career

Bamous played club football for FAR Rabat in the Botola. Bamous played for the Morocco national football team at the 1964 Summer Olympics and at the 1970 FIFA World Cup finals. Following his playing career, Bamous became the president of the FRMF and organized the 1988 African Cup of Nations in Morocco. In 2006, he was selected by CAF as one of the best 200 African football players of the last 50 years. He was promoted to brigadier general of the Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie in 2003.

## Death

Bamous died in Rabat from a long-term illness.
# Around the Bend (album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | (72/100) |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
| Allmusic | |
| Billboard | (favorable) |
| The Boston Globe | (favorable) |
| Los Angeles Times | |
| The New York Times | (positive) |
| PopMatters | |
| Robert Christgau | |
| Slant Magazine | |
| Engine 145 | |
Around the Bend is the nineteenth studio album released in 2008 by American country music artist Randy Travis. The album is Travis' first mainstream country music album since 1999's A Man Ain't Made of Stone as all his other studio albums in the 2000s were composed of Christian country music. It sold 31,000 copies in its first week of release, the best opening week of Travis' career. Three singles were released from the album: "Faith in You", "Dig Two Graves" and "Turn It Around", none of which charted.
Around the Bend was nominated for best country album at the 51st Grammy Awards, and the track "Dig Two Graves" was nominated as best country song.

## Personnel

* Dan Dugmore - pedal steel guitar
* Larry Franklin - fiddle
* Paul Franklin - fiddle, pedal steel guitar
* Carl Gorodetzky - string contractor
* Tania Hancheroff - background vocals
* Aubrey Haynie - fiddle, mandolin
* Wes Hightower - background vocals
* Sherilynn Huffman - background vocals
* David Hungate - bass guitar
* Rob Ickes - dobro
* Paul Leim - drums
* Brent Mason - 12-string electric guitar, electric guitar
* Gordon Mote - Hammond organ, piano, Wurlitzer
* The Nashville String Machine - strings
* Steve Nathan - Hammond organ, piano, Wurlitzer
* Dan Seals - background vocals
* Lisa Silver - background vocals
* Bryan Sutton - banjo, acoustic guitar, hi-string guitar, mandolin
* Randy Travis - lead vocals
* Dianne Vanette - background vocals
* Bergen White - conductor, string arrangements
* Casey Wood - cymbals, shaker, tambourine

## Awards

The album won a Dove Award for Country Album of the Year at the 40th GMA Dove Awards.
# Luis Vásquez (footballer)

Luis Erney Vásquez (born 1 March 1996) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays for Atlético Bucaramanga.
# Lyle Tayo

Lyle Tayo (born Lyle Minnie Shipman; January 19, 1889 – May 2, 1971), aka Lyle Barton, was an American film actress who appeared in more than 50 films between 1921 and 1948, appearing in many short comedies at the Hal Roach Studios, several in support of Laurel and Hardy. Born in Elmdale, Kansas, she and her elder sister, Birleen (or Birdeen), were raised in Kansas City, Missouri. Tayo died in 1971, aged 82, and is interred in Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1921 | Among Those Present | | Short, Uncredited |
| 1924 | Tire Trouble | Mme. La Rue | Short |
| 1925 | Yes, Yes, Nanette | Nanette | |
| 1926 | Thundering Fleas | Pedestrian without fleas | Short |
| 1926 | Crazy Like a Fox | Nurse | Short, Uncredited |
| 1927 | Baby Brother | Party guest | Short, Uncredited |
| 1927 | Call of the Cuckoo | Guest | Short, Uncredited |
| 1927 | The Battle of the Century | Woman at window | Short, Uncredited |
| 1928 | Their Purple Moment | Mrs. Hardy | Short |
| 1928 | Should Married Men Go Home? | Lady golfer | Short, Uncredited |
| 1928 | Two Tars | Motorist | Short |
| 1928 | The Spanking Age | Stepmother | Short |
| 1929 | Noisy Noises | Joe's mother | Short |
| 1929 | Big Business | Woman | Short, Uncredited |
| 1930 | Shivering Shakespeare | Chubby's mother | Short, Uncredited |
| 1931 | One Good Turn | A Community Player | Short, Uncredited |
| 1931 | Dogs Is Dogs | Wheezer's aunt | Short, Uncredited |
| 1932 | Readin' and Writin' | Breezy's mother | Short |
| 1932 | Choo-Choo! | Secretary | Short |
| 1934 | For Pete's Sake! | Aminuddin | Uncredited |
| 1948 | The Miracle of the Bells | Woman | Uncredited |
# Kułakowice Trzecie

Kułakowice Trzecie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Hrubieszów, within Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Hrubieszów and 94 km (58 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# 1933 Sanriku earthquake

The 1933 Sanriku earthquake (昭和三陸地震, Shōwa Sanriku Jishin) occurred on the Sanriku coast of the Tōhoku region of Honshū, Japan on March 2 with a moment magnitude of 8.4. The associated tsunami caused widespread devastation.

## Earthquake

The epicenter was located offshore, 290 kilometres (180 mi) east of the city of Kamaishi, Iwate. The main shock occurred at 02:31 AM local time on March 3, 1933 (17:31 UTC March 2, 1933), and measured 8.4 on the moment magnitude scale. It was in approximately the same location as the 1896 Sanriku earthquake and it occurred far enough away from the town that shaking did little damage. Approximately three hours after the main shock there was a magnitude 6.8 aftershock, followed by 76 more aftershocks (with a magnitude of 5.0 or greater) over a period of six months. This was an intraplate event that occurred within the Pacific plate, and the focal mechanism showed normal faulting.

## Damage

Although little damage was produced from the shock, the tsunami, which was recorded to reach the height of 28.7 metres (94 ft) at Ōfunato, Iwate, caused extensive damage, and destroyed many homes and caused numerous casualties. The tsunami destroyed over 7,000 homes along the northern Japanese coastline, of which over 4,885 were washed away. The tsunami was also recorded in Hawaii with a height of 9.5 feet (2.9 m), and also resulted in slight damage. The death toll came to 1,522 people confirmed dead, 1,542 missing, and 12,053 injured. Hardest hit was the town of Tarō, Iwate (now part of Miyako city), with 98% of its houses destroyed and 42% of its population killed.
# Viktoria Yartseva

Viktoriya Nikolayevna Yartseva (Викто́рия Никола́евна Я́рцева, 1906–1999) was a Russian linguist and director of the Linguistics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1971 to 1977. She specialized in English and Celtic studies and theoretical linguistics.
# Erkan Kaş

Erkan Kaş (born 10 September 1991) is a Turkish footballer who plays for Çorum.

## Personal life

Kaş is of Kosovar Albanian descent, and was called up to the Kosovo national football team.
# Daniel Mitov

Daniel Pavlov Mitov (Bulgarian: Даниел Павлов Митов; born 4 December 1977) is a Bulgarian politician. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria from 2014 to 2017.
He became Minister of Foreign Affairs on August 6, 2014 in the cabinet of Georgi Bliznashki and remained in that post in the cabinet of Boyko Borisov from October 7, 2014.

## Early life and education

Born in Sofia, Mitov received his higher education at the Sofia University. In addition to his native Bulgarian, he is fluent in English, Italian, and Russian.

## Political career

In 2002, Mitov worked at the Political Academy for Central and Southeast Europe and in 2006 became a member of Bulgaria's Democracy Foundation. Following his succession there, he became a deputy chairman of the Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria party and since 2010 works at the National Democratic Institute with the delegates of North Africa and the Middle East.

## Fight against terrorism

In a speech at the Israel Council on Foreign Relations in 2016, Mitov begins by calling terrorism the biggest issue of the Middle East. In his words, terrorism “regardless of how many resources we allocate to assisting the countries of origin and transit, the refugee flow and terrorist channels will not disappear as long as ISIS and similar actors exist on the ground". On that occasion, he noted that "the teachings of Islam could be directed toward civil activity instead of toward politicization, and consequently, radicalization". In order to help the Middle East with this dilemma, he suggested the importance of European support by explaining that aid should be given to countries that take in refugees and policies should be reinforced in quelling terrorism worldwide.

## Honours

* Sovereign Military Order of Malta:
** Grand Cross of the Order pro Merito Melitensi
# Dorval station (Via Rail)

Dorval station (French: Gare de Dorval, IATA: XAX) is an inter-city train station in the city of Dorval, Quebec, Canada operated by Via Rail. It is located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport near the intersection of Quebec Autoroute 20 (Boulevard Bouchard) and Quebec Autoroute 520. It is a stop for all Corridor trains between Toronto, Ottawa and Montreal.
North of the station building, trains call at two standard-level side platforms connected by an underground passageway.
Dorval station is located directly east of the Dorval commuter rail station operated by Exo. Although the stations do not share any platforms, they and the Dorval STM bus terminus are within walking distance of one another.
A shuttle bus, known as "Air Connect", links Dorval station to Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport and is free of charge to Via Rail passengers. The bus departs every 45–60 minutes from the station and takes around five minutes of travel time to reach the airport departures level.
A technical study has been conducted by Transport Canada on how to integrate the inter-city rail, regional rail, and bus services at the various Dorval stations into a new Dorval Intermodal Hub with improved access to the airport.

## Station services

The station is staffed and offers ticket sales, wifi (in the station and business lounge), washrooms and a seating area. It is also wheelchair-accessible and has a wheelchair lift for boarding trains.
A Via Rail business lounge is located in the northwest corner of the station, adjacent to the tracks. Access is restricted to business class travellers.
# Merrilyn Goos

Merrilyn Goos is an Australian mathematics educator. From October 2017 to June 2021, she was Professor of STEM Education and Director of EPI*STEM at the University of Limerick, Ireland. She then returned to Queensland to take up a position at the University of the Sunshine Coast.
From 2012-2017 Goos was professor and head of the School of Education at the University of Queensland, and prior to this was Director of the Teaching and Educational Development Institute at The University of Queensland. She has taught in mathematics education and in 2003 she received the university's Award for Excellence in Teaching.

## Qualifications

Goos has Associate and Licentiate Teachers Diplomas in Speech and Drama from Trinity College London, a B.Sc., Diploma, Master's degree in educational studies, and Ph.D. from the University of Queensland, and a Graduate Diploma in Reading from Griffith University.

## Professional associations

Goos was president of the Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, past vice-president of the Queensland Association of Mathematics Teachers, and past chair of the Queensland Studies Authority's Mathematics Syllabus Advisory Committee.
In 2004 she won an Office for Learning and Teaching teaching award for her work as a mathematics teacher educator, and in 2006 was awarded national fellowships to investigate assessment leadership in higher education institutions.
# Kułaków

Kułaków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Brus, within Włodawa County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 23 km (14 mi) west of Włodawa and 55 km (34 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Kąty, Biała Podlaska County

Kąty is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kodeń, within Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-west of Kodeń, 32 km (20 mi) east of Biała Podlaska, and 104 km (65 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Lower motor neuron

Lower motor neurons (LMNs) are motor neurons located in either the anterior grey column, anterior nerve roots (spinal lower motor neurons) or the cranial nerve nuclei of the brainstem and cranial nerves with motor function (cranial nerve lower motor neurons). Many voluntary movements rely on spinal lower motor neurons, which innervate skeletal muscle fibers and act as a link between upper motor neurons and muscles. Cranial nerve lower motor neurons also control some voluntary movements of the eyes, face and tongue, and contribute to chewing, swallowing and vocalization. Damage to lower motor neurons often leads to hypotonia, hyporeflexia, flaccid paralysis as well as muscle atrophy and fasciculations.

## Classification

Lower motor neurons are classified based on the type of muscle fiber they innervate:
* Alpha motor neurons (α-MNs) innervate extrafusal muscle fibers, the most numerous type of muscle fiber and the one involved in muscle contraction.
* Beta motor neurons (β-MNs) innervate intrafusal fibers of muscle spindles with collaterals to extrafusal fibers (type of slow twitch fibers).
* Gamma motor neurons (γ-MNs) innervate intrafusal muscle fibers, which together with sensory afferents compose muscle spindles. These are part of the system for sensing body position (proprioception).

## Physiology

Glutamate released from the upper motor neurons triggers depolarization in the lower motor neurons in the anterior grey column, which in turn causes an action potential to propagate the length of the axon to the neuromuscular junction where acetylcholine is released to carry the signal across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic receptors of the muscle cell membrane, signaling the muscle to contract.

## Clinical significance

Damage to lower motor neurons, lower motor neuron lesions (LMNL) cause muscle wasting (atrophy), decreased strength and decreased reflexes in affected areas. These findings are in contrast to findings in upper motor neuron lesions. LMNL is indicated by abnormal EMG potentials, fasciculations, paralysis, weakening of muscles, and neurogenic atrophy of skeletal muscle. Bell's palsy, bulbar palsy, poliomyelitis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are all pathologies associated with lower motor neuron dysfunction.
# Chicken fillet roll

A chicken fillet roll, also known as a hot chicken roll or chicken roll (Irish: rollóg sicín), is a baguette filled with a fillet of processed chicken. It is a ubiquitous deli item in Ireland, served at a wide variety of convenience shops, newsagents, supermarkets, petrol stations, fast food restaurants, and casual eateries throughout the country. It has been declared Ireland's favourite deli food. It is often cited as a hangover cure.
In addition to chicken, the roll may contain butter, mayonnaise, other condiments, lettuce, onion, cheese, stuffing, or potato wedges. Taco sauce is a popular sauce for people to get on a chicken fillet roll; it is a mayonnaise-based sauce, which typically consists of ketchup, mayonnaise, mustard, and seasonings. Delis often offer a choice of chicken fillet breading, such as plain, spicy, or Southern-fried. Vegan chicken fillet rolls have also been available since 2021, using a plant-based meat substitute for the chicken.
# Shiva in Buddhism

Maheśvara (Sanskrit: महेश्वर; Pali: Mahissara; traditional Chinese/Japanese: 大自在天; Pinyin: Dàzìzàitiān, Rōmaji: Daijizaiten) is a deva in Buddhist mythology. He is also sometimes referred to as Sabbalokādhipatī Devā in Pali literature. His main duty is to give spiritual knowledge. Maheśvara is sometimes revered as a bodhisattva. Hindu god Shiva is derived from Maheśvara by Nathpanthis in 10 century AD and it is also an alternative name for this deity in Hinduism.

## Etymology

The Sanskrit name Maheśvara is composed of two "Mahā" and "Īśvara". The "ā" of mahā and the "ī" of īśvara combine to form a sandhi, which becomes "e", forming the word "Maheśvara". Mahā means "Great" and Īśvara means "lord", hence the name Maheśvara means "the great lord".

## Contemporary Maheśvara

Present Maheśvara is Buddhist by religion, and was reborn as a Deva, because of his merit of donating a cup of honey to Kassapa Buddha in one of his previous lives. According to Karandavyuha Sutra, Maheśvara was born from the brow of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara. According to Buddhist traditions, he helps good people, mostly who follow the Buddhist precepts and eat a vegetarian diet, and also punishes bad people for their evil deeds. He helps yogis doing Kundalini Meditation. He is bodhisattva of Tenth Bhumi. He is one of the important deity venerated in Sri Lankan Buddhism. He is one of the twenty four protective deities of Chinese Buddhism and of the sixteen dharmapalas of Tibetan Buddhism.

## Maheśvara and Vajrapāni

A popular story tells how Vajrapāni kills one Maheśvara, because of his evil deeds. The story occurs in several scriptures, most notably the Sarvatathāgatatattvasaṅgraha and the Vajrāpanyābhiṣeka Mahātantra. The story begins with the transformation of the bodhisattva Samantabhadra into Vajrapāni by Vairocana, the cosmic Buddha, receiving a vajra and the name "Vajrāpani". Vairocana then requests Vajrapāni to generate his adamantine family in order to establish a mandala. Vajrapāni refuses because Maheśvara "is deluding beings with his deceitful religious doctrines and engaging in all kinds of violent criminal conduct". Maheśvara and his entourage are dragged to Mount Meru, and all but Maheśvara, who is too proud as ruler of the Three Worlds, submit. Vajrapāni and Maheśvara engage in a magical combat, which is won by Vajrapāni. Maheśvara's retinue become part of Vairocana's mandala, except for Maheśvara, who is killed, and his life transferred to another realm where he becomes a Buddha named Bhasmeśvaranirghoṣa, the "Soundless Lord of Ashes".

## Mantra

* Chinese:
    那嘛 薩曼達 布達喃 嗡 伊hi耶hi 嘛嘿思瓦啦雅 斯哇哈
    Nàma sàmàndá bùdánán wēng yīhiyéhi mahēisīwǎlayǎ sīwahā (romanisation)
    Namaḥ samanta buddhānām oṃ ehyehi maheśvaraya svāhā (Sanskrit)
* Japanese:
    オン・マケイシバラヤ・ソワカ
    On makeishibaraya sowaka (romanisation)
    Oṃ maheśvaraya svāhā (Sanskrit)
Both the Chinese and Japanese mantras are phonetic transcriptions of verses originally composed in Sanskrit.
# Plentuisa

Plentuisa vendia is a species of land snail in the subfamily Helicellinae of the family Geomitridae, the hairy snails and their allies.

## Distribution

It is endemic to Spain.
This snail is known only from the Picos de Europa range in northern Spain. It has been found at only three locations. There it lives in open, rocky habitat, taking shelter in crevices and under plants. Its entire range is within Picos de Europa National Park, where it receives some protection.
# Kąty Pierwsze

Kąty Pierwsze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczebrzeszyn, within Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.