OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Piggybacking (data transmission)

In two-way communication, whenever a frame is received, the receiver waits and does not send the control frame (acknowledgment or ACK) back to the sender immediately. The receiver waits until its network layer passes in the next data packet. The delayed acknowledgment is then attached to this outgoing data frame. This technique of temporarily delaying the acknowledgment so that it can be hooked with next outgoing data frame is known as piggybacking.

## Working principle

Piggybacking data is a bit different from sliding window protocols used in the OSI model. In the data frame itself, we incorporate one additional field for acknowledgment (i.e., ACK).
Whenever party A wants to send data to party B, it will carry additional ACK information in the PUSH as well.
For example, if A has received 5 bytes from B, with a sequence number starting from 12340 (through 12344), A will place "ACK 12345" as well in the current PUSH packet to inform B it has received the bytes up to sequence number 12344 and expects to see 12345 next time. (ACK number is the next sequence number of the data to be pushed by the other party.)
Three rules govern the piggybacking data transfer.
* If station A wants to send both data and an acknowledgment, it keeps both fields there.
* If station A wants to send the acknowledgment, it first waits for a short period of time to see whether a data frame needs to be sent, then decides whether to send an ACK frame alone or attach a data frame with it.
* If station A wants to send just the data, then the previous acknowledgment field is sent along with the data. Station B simply ignores this duplicate ACK frame upon receiving.

## Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages:
* Improves the efficiency
* Usage cost reduction
* Improves latency of data transfer
* Better use of available channel bandwidth.
Disadvantages: The receiver can jam the service if it has nothing to send. This can be solved by enabling a counter (receiver timeout) when a data frame is received. If the count ends and there is no data frame to send, the receiver will send an ACK control frame. The sender also adds a counter (emitter timeout). If the counter ends without receiving confirmation, the sender assumes packet loss, and sends the frame again. Piggybacking introduces a complication not present with separate acknowledgements. How long should the data link layer wait for a packet onto which to piggyback the acknowledgement? If the data link layer waits longer than the sender’s timeout period, the frame will be retransmitted, defeating the whole purpose of having acknowledgements.
# Northgate Centre

Northgate Centre is a shopping mall located in the northern part of Edmonton, Alberta. It contains more than 70 stores and services. Its main anchor tenants are Marshalls, Safeway, and Walmart.

## History

The mall first opened in April 1965 as Northgate Shopping Centre and was home to the Woodward's department store. A major renovation was completed in 1986, adding a second story and twin two-level parkades on the northwest and southwest corners, and the mall was renamed Northwood Mall. In 1994, Kmart opened a new larger location after closing at North Town Mall, however, this store would not last long as it closed in 1998 and Zellers opened in its space. The same year, First Capital Realty took ownership of the mall and a year later began a three-year redevelopment that was completed in 2002. The project included new locations for existing tenants Future Shop and Safeway, expanded space for Zellers, and a refurbished second-floor food court. The name was changed to Northgate Centre.
In 2011 Walmart announced that it had acquired the lease for the location of the Zellers anchor store, which subsequently closed. In October 2012, the Walmart Supercentre opened. In the same year, Sport Mart closed to become Ardene. In the next year, Lammle's Western Wear and Tackle closed, and Rexall opened in its' former space the same year. Subsequently, the Service Canada location was closed. On March 28, 2015, the Future Shop closed. In 2017, Game City, a local video game store, moved from Londonderry Mall to Northgate, and Marshalls opened in Future Shop's former space the same year. In May 2018 the Rexall location closed, as well as the Chili's outparcel the same year. Game City relocated to a former Coles in 2019. Around 2019-2020, the mall's McDonald's relocated to a new outparcel from the food court. In 2020, Healthcare Solutions relocated to Rexall's former space, and in its former location Dollarama opened, now having two Dollarama stores across from each other in the area, with one in North Town Centre across 137 Ave. In 2024, Clare Beauty Supply opened, however, Ardene closed, and Game City relocated back to Londonderry Mall. Safeway also underwent a renovation.

## Gallery

* Walmart
* Safeway
* Marshalls
* Former Ardene
# Valentín Estrada

Valentin Estrada Domínguez (1902 – Soyapango, 1987) was a Salvadoran sculptor. He was considered the national sculptor by the government of El Salvador "because the majority of his work was erected in popular sites, accessible to the people and is the only one who has made sculpture into a way of preserving idiosyncrasy and customs."

## Biography

Valentín Estrada Domínguez was the son of Cosme Estrada and Olivia Domínguez. He had eleven children among whom Rodolfo Estrada stands out for continuing his father's legacy.
Estrada was a student in the Escuela de Escultura Yela Gunther in Guatemala. Between the years 1918 and 1920 he studied in the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid, Spain, and from 1920 to 1928 he was a student of sculpture and bronze smelting in a workshop of the La Guindalera barrio in Madrid.
In the year 1972, he received the Medal of Diego de Holguín from the Mayor of San Salvador.
His works are composed of approximately 250 sculptures, the majority of which are sculpted in stone. Among the most important are the statue of Atlácatl, forged in bronze, seven busts of stone and bronze of Salvadoran personalities, The Goddess Minerva, the Obelisk and Medallion in the Parque Balboa and the Obelisk of the Founders.
He died in the City of Soyapango in the year 1987 in conditions of extreme poverty. In 1996, the Abril Uno editorial published a biographical book titled "Yo Atlacatl, Valentín Estrada Memorias de Un Escultor", redacted by the plastic artist Armando Solís.
# Zero day

Zero day(s) may refer to:

## Computing

* Zero-day (computing), a software vulnerability unknown to those who should be interested in its mitigation
* Zero Day Initiative, an international software vulnerability initiative
* Zero-day warez, copyrighted software that is cracked on the same day it is released

## Film and television

* Zero Day (2003 film), an American film by Ben Coccio
* Zero Days, a 2016 American documentary film
* Zero Day (American TV series), a 2025 American political thriller series
* Zero Day (Taiwanese TV series), a 2025 Taiwanese speculative fiction series
* "Zero Day" (My Adventures with Superman), a 2023 TV episode
* "Zero Day" (Person of Interest), a 2013 TV episode

## Literature

* Zero Day (novel), a 2011 thriller novel by David Baldacci
* Zero Day, a 2011 novel by Mark Russinovich
* Zero Days, a 2023 novel by Ruth Ware

## Music

* Zero Day (album) or the title song, by MC Frontalot, 2010
* Zero Days (album) or the title song, by Prong, 2017
# Unitel Yacuiba

Canal 4 N Visión, doing business as Unitel Yacuiba is a Bolivian television station and the Unitel affiliate for the city of Yacuiba in southern Bolivia.

## History

It is unknown when did the station start operations; it was already operational as early as the late 90s. In 2002, the station's director was Oscar Roberto Nuñez and was incorrectly attributed to be on channel 4.
On June 23, 2008, following a referendum in the department of Tarija, the station's building was targeted by miners on strike, launching dynamite to the facilities. In March 2009, Georges Nava Zurita accused unionists and the CIA of the attack on the station. In August 2009, Peter Nava was absolved and police found no evidence that justified the crime.

## Programming

The station produces local segments of La Revista and Telepaís, as well as a local sports program, Líderes del Deporte. All of these programs are shown on weekdays.
In 2014, the station produced Conociendo mi Pago, a cultural program, on Saturdays in the 6pm slot.
# Unitel Oruro

Unitel Oruro (formerly known as Televisión Oruro) is a Bolivian television station. Owned by Empresa de Comunicaciones del Oriente and operating on channel 2, the station is a Unitel owned-and-operated station.

## History

TVO started test broadcasts in April 1985 and began regular broadcasts at 12pm on November 1, 1985, however some sources say the station started earlier, approximately in 1983. In 1988, the station hired Wigerto Salinas as a sports presenter and became an affiliate of Telesistema Boliviano, later joining Bolivisión in 1996, which remained until 1998, when the network signed a contract with Unitel, which had started its national network. Its director in the 90s was Humberto Cabezas, who oversaw the change of affiliation to Unitel. Well into the early 2000s, Telesistema Boliviano was still the licensee.
On August 5, 2008, its offices were damaged by a youth group connected to Movimiento al Socialismo, causing the local edition of Telepaís to be suspended on September 4, 2008, in order to avoid further confrontations.
In March 2024, Unitel Oruro reporter Carmen Torres has received constant intimidation from local governor Johnny Vedía Rodriguez, due to news reports she directed about governor violence against women.
# WEC 31

WEC 31: Faber vs. Curran was a mixed martial arts (MMA) event held by World Extreme Cagefighting (WEC). The event took place on Wednesday, December 12, 2007, at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada and was aired live on the Versus Network.
The main event featured a featherweight title match between champion Urijah Faber and challenger Jeff Curran. The card also featured Doug Marshall defending his light heavyweight championship against Ariel Gandulla, Paulo Filho defending his middleweight championship against Chael Sonnen, and the WEC debut of former UFC Lightweight champion Jens Pulver.
Future WEC & UFC champion Dominick Cruz was scheduled to make his bantamweight debut against Charlie Valencia at this event but was later forced from the card and replaced by Ian McCall. The Cruz/Valencia bout was rescheduled for WEC 34 the following June, where Cruz won by unanimous decision.
A featherweight bout between Chance Farrar and Micah Miller was originally slated for this event but was pulled from the card three weeks beforehand after Farrar suffered a hand injury. The bout was instead rescheduled for WEC 32 two months later, where Miller won by knockout.
The event drew an estimated 629,000 viewers on Versus.

## Results

* ↑ For the Featherweight Championship.
* ↑ For the Middleweight Championship. Filho's victory was controversial because Sonnen did not appear to tap out, but yelled while the armbar was placed, and the referee took this as a verbal submission.
* ↑ For the Light Heavyweight Championship.
* ↑ This bout, although preliminary, appeared on the live broadcast.
* ↑ This bout, although preliminary, appeared on the live broadcast.

## Reported Payouts

The following is the reported payout to the fighters as reported to the Nevada State Athletic Commission. It does not include sponsor money or "locker room" bonuses often given by the WEC.
* Urijah Faber: $40,000 (includes $20,000 win bonus) def. Jeff Curran: $10,000
* Paulo Filho: $56,000 ($28,000 win bonus) def. Chael Sonnen: $25,000
* Doug Marshall: $10,000 ($5,000 win bonus) def. Ariel Gandulla: $4,000
* Jens Pulver: $60,000 ($30,000 win bonus) def. Cub Swanson: $5,000
* John Alessio: $26,000 ($13,000 win bonus) def. Todd Moore: $4,000
* Bryan Baker: $8,000 ($4,000 win bonus) def. Eric Schambari: $5,000
* Ed Ratcliff: $8,000 ($4,000 win bonus) def. Alex Karalexis: $8,000
* Brian Bowles: $6,000 ($3,000 win bonus) def. Marcos Galvao: $5,000
* Charles Valencia: $12,000 ($6,000 win bonus) def. Ian McCall: $3,000
# Kuloy (Vaga)

The Kuloy (Russian: Кулой) is a river in Totemsky and Verkhovazhsky Districts of Vologda Oblast and Velsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Vaga. The length of the river is 206 kilometres (128 mi). The area of its basin 3,300 square kilometres (1,300 sq mi). Its main tributaries are the Sivchuga (left) and the Kolenga (right).
The source of the Kuloy is in the Lake Sonduzhskoye north-west of the town of Totma. It flows north, then turns east, flows through Glubokoye Lake and then turns north again. This is a swampy area without any villages on the river banks. Approximately at the border with Tarnogsky District the Kuloy exits the swamps. The first village (on the left bank) is Rogna, which was the starting point for timber rafting. Downstream of Rogna, the river valley is populated. Downstream of the mouth of the Kundeba, the Kuloy turns north-west and eventually enters Arkhangelsk Oblast. There, Kuloy River accepts two of its biggest tributaries: the Sivchuga from the left and the Kolenga from the right. Downstream of the mouth of the Kolenga, the Kuloy sharply turns west. The mouth of the Kuloy is close to the village of Shulepovskaya.
The urban-type settlement of Kuloy is actually not located on the river Kuloy, but rather about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the river.
The Kuloy was used for timber rafting until the 1990s.
# New Pioneer Food Co-op

New Pioneer Food Co-op, commonly shortened to New Pi, is a locally owned food cooperative based in Iowa City, Iowa. This city also serves as the headquarters of the National Cooperative Grocers Association. New Pioneer has stores in Iowa City, Coralville, and Cedar Rapids as well as a production hub in North Liberty, Iowa.
New Pioneer was founded in 1971 as a natural foods buying club modeled after the Rochdale Principles, and is now a full-service bakery, deli, and grocery store. It specializes in local food, organic produce, cage-free antibiotic and hormone-free meat, milk, and poultry. The co-op's seafood program is certified sustainable by the Seafood Watch program from the Monterey Bay Aquarium. The handmade pastry selection uses local cage-free eggs, local butter, and organic flour, and also offers a selection of wheat-free dessert options. All foods sold are restricted to natural additives. The co-op offers eco-friendly home and healthcare products.
New Pioneer takes its name from the organization that created the cooperative model, the Rochdale Pioneers.

## History

New Pioneer Food Co-op began as a bulk food buying club in 1969 in an Iowa City community center. In 1971, New Pioneer filed legal papers and opened a storefront at 518 Bowery Street in Iowa City, a building known as the Bowery Street Grocery Store after several groceries stores that have occupied the space.
The co-op moved to the second floor of Vine Building, at Prentiss and Gilbert Streets, in 1973. In 1977, the co-op moved again into a portion of a building at 22 S. Van Buren Street. The co-op expanded to occupy the full building in 1987. In 1988 New Pioneer opened a store in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It was unsuccessful and closed in 1991.
New Pioneer Food Co-op opened the hearth bread bakery Bakehouse in 1994 at First Avenue and Fifth Street in Coralville. In 2001, the Coralville store opened and soon faced financial struggles. By 2004, the Coralville store nearly matched the Iowa City location in sales and by the 2005, the co-op was free of debt.
The Iowa City store was remodeled and had its equipment upgraded in 2007.
New Pioneer Food Co-op opened its Cedar Rapids store in 2014.

## Organizational structure

New Pioneer Food Co-op's three grocery locations, bakehouse and administrative offices are managed by hired staff, and all are overseen by a member-elected Board of Directors.

## Membership

The current member–owner plan, calling for a one-time $60 investment for membership, was created in July 1982. There is no yearly fee associated with membership. Members receive extra discounts on special days. The stores are open to all shoppers, one does not need to be a member to buy.
In profitable years, New Pioneer’s Board of Directors has the discretion to authorize investment in improvements, distribution of dividends to members proportionate to their purchases, payment of staff bonuses, or donations to non-profit organizations in its community.

## Publications

New Pioneer is the publisher of Catalyst, a quarterly food magazine that spotlights Iowa farmers and chefs.
# Hikaru Yamashita

Hikaru Yamashita (Japanese: 山下光, Hepburn: Yamashita Hikaru, born 23 September 2000) is a Japanese ice hockey player and member of the Japanese national team, currently playing in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL) with AIK IF.
She represented Japan at the IIHF Women's World Championships in 2019 and 2021.
Her sister, Shiori Yamashita, also plays for the Japanese national team.
# Gurbachan Jagat

Gurbachan Singh Jagat (born 1 July 1942) is a former governor of the State of Manipur in India. He was appointed to this office on 1 July 2007 and retired as the governor on 22 July 2013. Distinguished public servant Gurbachan Jagat has joined as a trustee of The Tribune, Chandigarh on 2 May 2016.
He studied English at university and became a member of the Indian Police Service in 1964 in the Union Territory (AGMUT) Cadre. He served as ACP and Addl DCP in Delhi, SP in Meghalaya during 1971 War, Commandant, BSF, SSP in Goa, Deputy Commissioner (Special Branch) and Joint Commissioner (Headquarters) in Delhi Police, DIG of Chandigarh Police, IG of BSF in Jammu Frontier HQ, IG of BSF in North Bengal Frontier HQ, ADG (Armed) of Jammu and Kashmir and as Director-General of Police in Jammu and Kashmir from February 1997 until December 2000. He was then appointed Director General of the Border Security Force, a post he held until June 2002, at which time he was appointed to the Union Public Service Commission. He served on the UPSC for five years, eighteen months as chair, until being appointed Governor of Manipur.
# Qntm

Sam Hughes (born 1983), known online as and publishing under the pen name qntm (pronounced "quantum"), is a British programmer and science fiction author. Hughes writes short stories such as "Lena", about the first digital snapshot of a human brain, and serial novels such as Ra and Fine Structure. He has also written for the SCP Foundation wiki. His book There Is No Antimemetics Division, a high-concept blend of science fiction and cosmic horror, began as a series on the wiki. In 2024, Del Rey Books acquired UK and Commonwealth rights to the book, while Ballantine Books acquired the US rights. qntm also contributed to SCP-055 alongside user CptBellman.
In 2022, Hughes created Absurdle, a variant of Wordle wherein the word changes with every guess, while still remaining true to previous hints. The Guardian described it as "the Machiavellian version of Wordle", and Hughes described it as an "experiment to find the most difficult [...] variant of Wordle", comparing it to one of his previous projects, the Tetris variant Hatetris.
# William Proctor House (Marengo, Indiana)

William Proctor House is a historic home located in Liberty Township, Crawford County, Indiana. It was built about 1832, and is a two-story, three-bay, Federal style brick dwelling. It has a gable roof with end chimneys. The house has later rear additions. The property is owned by the Crawford County Historical Society.$^{:3}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.
# Chimerin 2

Chimerin 2 (beta-chimaerin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHN2 gene.
This gene is a member of the chimerin family and encodes a protein with a phorbol-ester/diacylglycerol-type zinc finger, a Rho-GAP domain and an SH2 domain. This protein has GTPase-activating protein activity that is regulated by phospholipid binding and binding of diacylglycerol (DAG) induces translocation of the protein from the cytosol to the Golgi apparatus membrane. The protein plays a role in the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells. Decreased expression of this gene is associated with high-grade gliomas and breast tumors, and increased expression of this gene is associated with lymphomas. Mutations in this gene have been associated with schizophrenia in men. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.
# William Ritzman House

The William Ritzman House is a historic house just outside the corporate village limits of Orangeville, Illinois. The house was built around 1847 and is of brick construction in the Greek Revival style. It was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

## History

The William Ritzman House was built in around 1847 by settler William Ritzman, originally from Union County, Pennsylvania. Ritzman was a lieutenant during the Mexican War and eventually became one of Orangeville's leading citizens. Beginning in 1974 the house underwent a restoration that lasted more than 25 years and returned the house to its original state.

## Architecture

The Greek Revival Ritzman House was built by an unknown contractor during a time period when Greek Revival style was becoming popular in the Midwest. The brick Ritzman House incorporates several elements common to Greek Revival structures including: a low-pitch gable roof, cornice lines with a wide trim band, and an elaborate door surround with a narrow transom line and sidelights. The Ritzman House belongs to a class of Greek Revival homes that lack front porches, this occurs in about 20 percent of residential Greek Revival architecture.

## Historic significance

The Ritzman House is a locally significant example of Greek Revival architecture. It maintains a high degree of architectural integrity despite undergoing many changes through the years. During an architectural survey of area rural Greek Revival houses, the Ritzman house was one of 26 surveyed across ten small towns, and one of four considered "worthy of note". The William Ritzman House was added to the National Register of Historic Places October 23, 2000.
# Museum of Creation and Earth History

32°50′42.97″N 116°57′34.59″W﻿ / ﻿32.8452694°N 116.9596083°W﻿ / 32.8452694; -116.9596083
The Creation and Earth History Museum is a young earth creationist promotional facility opened by the Institute for Creation Research at its original headquarters in Santee, California in 1992, replacing an earlier museum located in the institute's basement. It cost $50,000, and took 2 years to complete.
After the Institute for Creation Research moved from Santee to Dallas, Texas in 2008, it sold the Museum to the Life and Light Foundation, a non-profit ministry run by Tom Cantor.
The exhibits claim to prove that the Earth is no older than about 10,000 years, and suggest that man and dinosaurs coexisted before Noah's flood, which also created the Grand Canyon. Also featured are an interpreted walk through the Garden of Eden with a literal depiction of the six days in the Genesis, a dark room with pictures of the planets and stars, scale models of Noah's Ark and the Tower of Babel, an Ice Age room, the Canyon Wall, describing how the Grand Canyon was formed in a matter of weeks or months, rather than the millions of years posited by most geologists, and the Hall of Scholars with pictures and biographies of scientists who believed in creationism rather than accepting evolution. It also has a display about the ICR's RATE project, an effort, in conjunction with other young Earth creationist organizations, to find evidence of a young earth.
In 2013, the Museum was denied accreditation by the San Diego Museum Council.