# The History Boys

The History Boys is a play by British playwright Alan Bennett. The play premiered at the Royal National Theatre in London's West End on 18 May 2004. Its Broadway debut was on 23 April 2006 at the Broadhurst Theatre where 185 performances were staged before it closed on 1 October 2006.
The play won multiple awards, including the 2005 Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play and the 2006 Tony Award for Best Play.

## Plot

The play opens in Cutlers' Grammar School, Sheffield, a fictional boys' grammar school in the north of England. Set in the mid-late 1980s, the play follows a group of history pupils preparing for the Oxford and Cambridge entrance examinations under the guidance of three teachers (Hector, Irwin, and Lintott) with contrasting styles.
Hector, an eccentric teacher, delights in knowledge for its own sake but his ambitious headmaster wants the school to move up the academic league table and hires Irwin, a supply teacher, to introduce a rather more cynical and ruthless style of teaching. Hector is discovered sexually fondling a boy and later Irwin's latent homosexual inclinations emerge.
The character of Hector was based on the schoolmaster and author Frank McEachran (1900–1975).

## Characters

* Headmaster
* Hector – English and General Studies teacher
* Irwin – History teacher; brought in as a special coach
* Mrs Dorothy Lintott – History teacher
* Akthar – Pupil; of Asian ancestry, Muslim
* Crowther – Pupil; acts as a hobby
* Dakin – Pupil; handsome, object of Posner's and Irwin's affection
* Lockwood – Pupil; strong opinions
* Posner – Pupil; youngest, gay and Jewish
* Rudge – Pupil; better known for athletic skills than for intelligence
* Scripps – Pupil; Anglican, plays piano
* Timms – Pupil; joker, overweight
* Director on Irwin's television programme (a small role)
Irwin is said to be modelled after Niall Ferguson.
The play includes several non-speaking roles:
* Make-Up Woman, Production team – on Irwin's television show
* Three or four unidentified MPs – spoken to by Irwin in opening scene
* Other male pupils
* Fiona – Headmaster's secretary; object of Dakin's affection. Does not appear on stage in the published text, but was seen in filmed projections featuring Rio by Duran Duran during the original production.

## Productions
### Royal National Theatre

The play opened at the Lyttelton Theatre (part of the National Theatre) in London on 18 May 2004, directed by Nicholas Hytner. It played to sell-out audiences and its limited run was frequently extended. Richard Griffiths, James Corden, Dominic Cooper, Russell Tovey, Sacha Dhawan, Samuel Barnett, Jamie Parker and Andrew Knott were among the original cast. On 24 November 2005, the same production was revived once again at the Lyttelton Theatre, where it played another successful run. Matt Smith took on the role of Lockwood in the November 2005 revision of the cast. The original cast reunited in the final week in February 2006.

#### International tour

Following closing in London, the National Theatre production toured to Hong Kong in February 2006 and featured in the 2006 New Zealand International Arts Festival held in Wellington (February 2006) before playing at the Sydney Theatre in Sydney, Australia from 4 March to 8 April 2006. At each venue, the play was presented to sell-out audiences with the original London cast, including Richard Griffiths; however, Frances de la Tour and Clive Merrison were replaced by Maggie Steed and Malcolm Sinclair until the Broadway season.

#### Broadway

The American premiere of the play took place on 23 April 2006 when the same National production opened on Broadway at the Broadhurst Theatre. Originally scheduled to run through 2 September 2006, the run was extended through to 8 October 2006 following huge public demand after the show won the Tony, New York Critics Circle and other American theatrical awards.

#### West End

Following its Broadway triumph and second UK tour, the play opened at London's Wyndham's Theatre on 2 January 2007, following previews from 20 December 2006. The production closed on 14 April 2007. A further West End run of the play opened once again at Wyndham's Theatre on 20 December 2007 running through 26 April 2008.

#### Tours in the UK and Ireland

The first national tour of the production opened in 2005, continuing to play nine regional venues. A second Britain wide tour began on 31 August 2006 at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, touring to eight further venues. The third tour launched on 6 September 2007 at the Theatre Royal, Plymouth, before continuing to Truro, Cheltenham, Bath, Dublin, Blackpool, Leeds, Cambridge and Eastbourne, culminating in Newcastle on 10 November 2007.

#### Royal National Theatre casts

| Role | First cast | Second cast | Third cast | Fourth cast |
| Role | 18 May 2004 to 2005, 23 January 2006 to 1 February 2006 (international tour, film adaptation) | 24 November 2005 to January 2006 (UK tour) | 31 August 2006 to 14 April 2007 | 6 September 2007 to 26 April 2008 |
| Headmaster | Clive MerrisonMalcolm Sinclair (23 January 2006 to 28 January 2006, international tour until Broadway) | Bruce Alexander | William Chubb | David Mallinson |
| Hector | Richard Griffiths | Desmond Barrit | Stephen Moore | Desmond Barrit |
| Irwin | Stephen Campbell MooreGeoffrey Streatfeild (20 December 2004 to 2005) | Tobias Menzies | Orlando Wells | Tim Delap |
| Mrs Lintott | Frances de la TourMaggie Steed (23 January 2006 to 28 January 2006, international tour until Broadway) | Diane Fletcher | Isla Blair | Elizabeth Bell |
| Akthar | Sacha Dhawan | Marc Elliott | Marc Elliott | Alton Letto |
| Crowther | Samuel Anderson | Kenny Thompson | Akemnji Ndifornyen | Nathan Stewart-Jarrett |
| Dakin | Dominic Cooper | Jamie King | Ben Barnes (pre February 2007)Jamie King (post February 2007) | Andrew Hawley |
| Lockwood | Andrew Knott | Matt Smith | David Poynor | Sam Phillips |
| Posner | Samuel Barnett | Steven Webb | Steven Webb | Daniel Fine |
| Rudge | Russell Tovey | Philip Correia | Philip Correia | Ryan Hawley |
| Scripps | Jamie Parker | Thomas Morrison | Thomas Morrison | Thomas Howes |
| Timms | James Corden | James Cartwright | Owain Arthur | Danny Kirrane |
A majority of the original cast reunited on 2 November 2013 for the National Theatre 50th Anniversary special and performed the French lesson scene, with Philip Correia taking over for Russell Tovey, Marc Elliott performing as Akthar, original Akthar actor Sacha Dhawan as Posner (as Samuel Barnett was performing in Richard III/Twelfth Night on Broadway at the time) and playwright Alan Bennett taking over as Hector from Richard Griffiths, who had died in March 2013.

### West Yorkshire Playhouse / Theatre Royal Bath tour

A fourth national tour co-produced by the West Yorkshire Playhouse and Theatre Royal Bath commenced in early 2010. This was a new production not produced by the National Theatre and directed by Christopher Luscombe. The cast were as follows:
* Headmaster: Thomas Wheatley
* Hector: Gerard Murphy
* Irwin: Ben Lambert
* Mrs. Lintott: Penny Beaumont
* Akthar: Beruce Khan
* Crowther: Tom Reed
* Dakin: Kyle Redmond-Jones
* Lockwood: George Banks
* Posner: James Byng
* Rudge: Peter McGovern
* Scripps: Rob Delaney
* Timms: Christopher Keegan
After a successful run the West Yorkshire Playhouse/Bath Theatre Royal production was revived for 2011 with the following cast:
* Headmaster: Thomas Wheatley
* Hector: Philip Franks
* Irwin: Ben Lambert
* Mrs. Lintott: Penny Beaumont
* Akthar: Beruce Khan
* Crowther: Michael Lyle
* Dakin: George Banks
* Lockwood: Ryan Saunders
* Posner: Rob Delaney
* Rudge: Peter McGovern
* Scripps: Harry Waller
* Timms: Christopher Keegan

### Other productions

* The first non-professional UK production was staged by Daisy and Rose Theatre Productions at Ermysted's Grammar School in Skipton, North Yorkshire, on 28–30 August 2008.
* A Catalan adaptation debuted on 24 September 2008 at Teatre Goya in Barcelona. Director: Josep Maria Pou.
* In the spring of 2009, the play was produced across the United States in several regional premieres. On the west coast, a Seattle production ran from 4 March to 28 March 2009, at ArtsWest Playhouse. The play had its southwest premiere at Uptown Players, in Dallas, from 3 April to 3 May 2009. And the play made its Chicago premiere on 25 April 2009, at TimeLine Theatre.
* The play had its amateur debut in Melbourne, Australia, performed at the Cromwell Road Theatre from 18–25 July 2009 and directed by Bryce Ives . The first amateur production of the play (text released by Samuel French, Inc.) was performed at the St Helens Theatre Royal, on 19–22 August 2009.
* The Netherlands premiere was presented on 1 October 2009 by The Queen's English Theatre Company at the CREA Theater, Amsterdam – featuring an English mother-tongue cast, starring Brian André as Hector and directed by Mark Winstanley. The same production formed the play's premiere at the Edinburgh International Festival in August 2010.
* An Italian adaptation debuted on 19 September 2010 at Teatro ElfoPuccini in Milan, directed by Elio de Capitani and Ferdinando Bruni. It won the Premio UBU 2011 as best show.
* The Sydney debut was performed at the Sydney Opera House by the Peach Theatre Company from 8 February to 2 March 2013, starring John Wood as Hector, Heather Mitchell as Mrs Linnott, Paul Goddard as Head Master, James Mackay as Irwin, Dakin:Lindsay Farris, Scripps: Aaron Tsindos. Crowther: Simon Brook McLachlan. Lockwood: Caleb Alloway. Arthur: James Elliott. Posner:Matthew Backer. Rudge: Gary Brun. Timms: Matt Hardie and is directed by Jesse Peach.

## Film adaptation

In October 2006 a film adaptation of the play was released in the United States, and later in November 2006 in Britain. The film, also titled The History Boys, was directed by Nicholas Hytner and featured the original stage cast.

## Controversy

The film did receive controversy revolving around the character of Hector, a professor who molests the students. Nick Clark of The Independent wrote, "Bennett raised eyebrows with his sympathetic portrayal of Hector, the teacher forced to step down for fondling his teenage pupils". In a 2006 interview with David Batty of The Guardian, Bennett defended the storyline stating, "The boys are all consenting adults, and Hector's behaviour is very unthreatening. The boys all consider him to be a bit of a joke and just tolerate it as part of the price of his eccentric teaching style. I didn't write in his death to redeem his transgression, I did it to make the drama work." In 2013 Bennett revealed he was "interfered with as a child but was not greatly affected by the experience".

## Awards and nominations
### Original London production

| Year | Award ceremony | Category | Nominee | Result |
| 2005 | Laurence Olivier Award | Best New Play | Best New Play | Won |
| 2005 | Laurence Olivier Award | Best Actor in a Play | Richard Griffiths | Won |
| 2005 | Laurence Olivier Award | Best Performance in a Supporting Role | Samuel Barnett | Nominated |
| 2005 | Laurence Olivier Award | Best Director | Nicholas Hytner | Won |

### Original Broadway production

| Year | Award ceremony | Category | Nominee | Result |
| 2006 | Tony Award | Best Play | Alan Bennett | Won |
| 2006 | Tony Award | Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play | Richard Griffiths | Won |
| 2006 | Tony Award | Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Play | Samuel Barnett | Nominated |
| 2006 | Tony Award | Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play | Frances de la Tour | Won |
| 2006 | Tony Award | Best Direction of a Play | Nicholas Hytner | Won |
| 2006 | Tony Award | Best Scenic Design of a Play | Bob Crowley | Won |
| 2006 | Tony Award | Best Lighting Design of a Play | Mark Henderson | Won |
| 2006 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Play | Alan Bennett | Won |
| 2006 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Actor in a Play | Richard Griffiths | Won |
| 2006 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play | Samuel Barnett | Won |
| 2006 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play | Stephen Campbell Moore | Nominated |
| 2006 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play | Dominic Cooper | Nominated |
| 2006 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play | Frances de la Tour | Won |
| 2006 | Drama Desk Award | Outstanding Director of a Play | Nicholas Hynter | Won |
| 2006 | Outer Critics Circle Award | Outstanding New Broadway Play | Outstanding New Broadway Play | Won |
| 2006 | Outer Critics Circle Award | Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play | Richard Griffiths | Won |
| 2006 | Outer Critics Circle Award | Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play | Frances de la Tour | Won |
| 2006 | Outer Critics Circle Award | Outstanding Director of a Play | Nicholas Hynter | Won |
| 2006 | New York Drama Critics' Circle Award | Best Play | Alan Bennett | Won |
| 2006 | Drama League Award | Outstanding New Broadway Play | Outstanding New Broadway Play | Won |
| 2006 | Drama League Award | Distinguished Production of a Play | Distinguished Production of a Play | Won |
| 2006 | Theatre World Award | Theatre World Award | Richard Griffiths | Won |