OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# California Botanic Garden

The California Botanic Garden (formerly the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden) is a botanical garden in Claremont, California, in the United States, just south of the San Gabriel foothills. The garden, at 86 acres (35 ha), is the largest botanic garden in the state dedicated to California native plants. It contains some 70,000 native Californian plants, representing 2,000 native species, hybrids and cultivars. The seed bank has embryos for the thousands of rare plants.
The garden has an active research department, specializing in systematic botany and floristics. The herbarium of Pomona College, housed at the garden, was transferred from the college in 1996. It holds over 1,200,000 specimens. The journal Aliso is published by the organization semiannually. The garden offers graduate degrees in botany through Claremont Graduate University.
The garden originated in 1927 when Susanna Bixby Bryant established a native garden on her rancho in Orange County. The garden relocated to Claremont in 1951. The facility, run by a non-profit organization, was open to the public with free admission for 58 years; in 2009 an admission fee was implemented. In 2019, the garden was renamed "California Botanic Garden" to better represent the contents of its collections.
# Marmalade Atkins

Marmalade Atkins is a children's fictional character created by the writer Andrew Davies. Marmalade first appeared in the book Marmalade and Rufus in 1979, and the character was later brought to television in 1981 in which she was played by Charlotte Coleman.

## History

A hair-raising teenage rebel, Marmalade made her TV debut in the one-off Marmalade Atkins in Space broadcast in 1981 as part of the Theatre Box series. This was followed by two ten-part series entitled Educating Marmalade in 1982–83, and Danger: Marmalade at Work in 1984, both of which continued to feature Coleman in the lead role.
Also featuring John Bird and Lynda Marchal as her parents Mr and Mrs Atkins (the latter replaced by Carol MacReady for the Marmalade at Work series), the programmes were produced by Thames Television for ITV. The show's creator, Andrew Davies, went on to author a series of Marmalade Atkins books. The theme track for Educating Marmalade was written and performed by Bad Manners.
# Tuuri

Tuuri is a village in Töysä, since 2013 part of Alavus, a town of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southern Ostrobothnia region. The village has a population of 500. In Modern Finnish the appellative tuuri means 'luck'.
The village is known for the second biggest department store in Finland, Veljekset Keskinen. The massive golden horseshoe erected over the shopping mall stands at number three in Reuters' list of world's ugliest buildings and monuments.
# Latvian Museum of National History

The Latvian Museum of National History (Latvian: Latvijas Nacionālais vēstures muzejs), is a national history museum in Riga, Latvia.
It was founded in 1869 by the Riga Latvian Society.
Since 1920 it has been located in Riga Castle and in 1924 it attained state museum status. Its mission is "to collect, preserve, research and popularise spiritual and material culture from Latvia and the world from ancient times until today, which has archaeological, ethnographic, numismatic, historical or artistic significance, in the interests of the Latvian nation and its people".
Since May 2014 the main exhibition space has been temporarily located on Freedom Boulevard (Brīvības bulvāris) in a three-story building dating from 1875, originally constructed as a family home by architect Heinrich Scheel. The location is close to the Freedom Monument. From 1946 to 2009 the building was used as the Faculty of History and Philosophy of the University of Latvia. After reconstruction and restoration works are finalized at Riga Castle, the museum is scheduled to move back to its permanent premises in 2018.
The Popular Front museum, located in the former headquarters of that organization from the Third Awakening, came under the museum in January 2015.
The museum has return to the Riga Castle in the fall of 2024, and from the fall of 2025, it will host exhibitions and exhibits.
# Antirrhinum molle

Antirrhinum molle, the dwarf snapdragon, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae. It is native to northeastern Portugal, the central and eastern Pyrenees, and adjacent areas of northern Spain. Available from commercial suppliers, it is a semi‑evergreen subshrub reaching 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 in), with 3 cm (1.2 in) white to pale pink flowers.

## Subtaxa

The following subspecies are accepted:
* Antirrhinum molle subsp. lopesianum (Rothm.) P.Silva – northeastern Portugal, northwestern Spain
* Antirrhinum molle subsp. molle – Pyrenees, northeastern Spain
# Constantin Giurescu (historian)

Constantin Giurescu (Romanian pronunciation:; 10 August 1875–28 October 1918) was a Romanian historian. In 1914, he became a titular member of the Romanian Academy.

## Biography

Giurescu was born in Chiojdu, Buzău County and studied at the Saints Peter and Paul High School in Ploiești. He graduated in July 1898 from the University of Bucharest with a diploma in Philosophy and Letters. He taught history at the Unirea High School in Focșani from 1898 to 1902. In 1900 he met Elena Antonescu (b. 1880), the daughter of Costache Antonescu, a local merchant, and married her in January 1901. In October of that year they had a son, Constantin C. Giurescu, who went on to become a noted historian.
In 1902–1903 Giurescu was the principal at the Hasdeu High School in Buzău. After a stay in Vienna, he settled in Bucharest, where he taught at the Cantemir Vodă High School, starting in 1906. In 1909 he joined the faculty at the University of Bucharest. That year he was elected corresponding member of the Romanian Academy, and în 1912 he became titular member of the academy.
He died in Bucharest as a result of the 1918 flu pandemic.
There is a bust of Giurescu in Odobești; a school in Chiojdu is named after him.

## Works

* Constantin Giurescu; Neculaĭ Costin; Istratie Dabija; Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir (1913). Letopisețul țării Moldovei de la Istratie Dabija până la domnia a doua a lui Antioh Cantemir, 1661–1705. Bucharest. OCLC 606329875.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
# Robbert Duval

Robbert Duval (21 September 1639 – 22 January 1732) was a Dutch Golden Age painter who lived well into the 18th century. He was born and died in The Hague.

## Biography

According to the RKD he learned to paint from Nicolaes Willingh and became his assistant in Berlin in 1667. He left Berlin to make a trip to Rome in 1668, where he joined the Bentvueghels with the nickname Fortuyn. He is known for painting portrait and historical allegories, of which none survive today.
According to Houbraken he left Rome for Padua in 1677 with Johannes Glauber and his brother. He probably left Padua with them for Venice, where he stayed until 1681. In 1682 he returned to the Hague, where he helped set up the Royal Academy of Art (The Hague) with Willem Doudijns, Theodor van der Schuer, and Daniel Mijtens the Younger. In the same year he became court painter to William III of England and worked at Het Loo Palace and Hampton Court. He lived to a great age.
# Gustav Stickley House

The Gustav Stickley House is a three-story wood frame Queen Anne style house in Syracuse, New York.

## History

The Gustav Stickley House was originally designed by architect Wellington Tabor and purchased in June 1900 by furniture designer Gustav Stickley. On the outside, it is similar to many other houses on the block and in the neighborhood, not far from Syracuse University. However, the chestnut wall paneling and beamed interior that Stickley designed is regarded as the first comprehensive American Craftsman residential interior in the United States.
Stickley owned this house between 1900 and 1911. On December 24, 1901, a chimney fire greatly damaged the house and the interior was renovated in 1902 by Stickley, who was by then a leading figure of the American Craftsman movement. After the death of his wife, Gustav lived with his daughter Barbara Stickley Wiles & her family at this house from 1919 to his death there in 1942.
Renderings of the interior and floor plans were published in December 1902 in The Craftsman, a magazine that Stickley founded in 1901. A reprint of the article appears in the NRHP nomination document.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. After being vacant for over 20 years and in very deteriorated condition a comprehensive exterior restoration was completed by the University Neighborhood Preservation Association in 2018. A not-for-profit "friends" group, the "Gustav Stickley House Foundation, Inc.", has been formed to fund raise and support the Phase 2 interior restoration which is expected to be complete by 2021.
# Karim Eddafi

Karim Eddafi is a Moroccan footballer who plays for Sudanese club El-Merreikh in the Sudan Premier League. He plays as a winger. He was brought to EL-Merreikh from Moroccan side Kentira AC in January 2010.
# Assembly of the Independentist Youth

The Assembly of the Independentist Youth (Galician: Assembleia da Mocidade Independentista; or AMI) is a Galician independentist and socialist and feminist political organization formed and formally established by young people in Bueu in 1996, although it have been working in coordination since 1993. AMI dissolved itself in 2014, citing the repression, changing political cycle and the decline of militancy as the main reasons.

## History

AMI was founded in 1993 as the youth organization of the Assembleia do Povo Unido but continued to maintain its structure when that organization dissolved itself in 1995. AMI participated in the Spiral Process, that led to the foundation of Nós-Unidade Popular, an organization that AMI abandoned in 2005. When AMI left Nós-Unidade Popular the organization underwent a split of those that supported to remain in Nós-UP, which adopted the name BRIGA. The intention of the AMI is to promote the idea of Galician independence among young people. For that it participates in the organization of social centers, leisure activities, protests, painting murals etc.
Ideologically the organization has positions close to libertarian socialism and communalism (which contrasts with the more orthodox Marxism of its origins). Feminism and "independentism" are other ideological pillars of AMI, as well as using of reintegracionist spelling of the Galician language. The group has also opposed to speculation, the touristification of Galicia, to public works that damage the environment and military service (until it disappeared in 2002). AMI refuses to take part in institutional politics and elections.

## Accusations

Several of its militants were arrested by police accused of acts of terrorism. In 1995 two militants of AMI (Adolfo Martim Naia Fernández and Armando Jesus Rivadulha Peres) were accused of planting an explosive in a bank in the city of A Coruña. They were later absolved. The 24 July 2005, on the eve of the Day of the Galician Fatherland, two members of AMI were arrested accused of placing an explosive device of considerable power in the main headquarters of Caixa Galicia in Santiago de Compostela. After more than three years in prison, Ugío Caamanho Santisso and Giana Rodrígues Gómes were judged, being sentenced to three years, nine months and one day in prison as perpetrators of a crime of damage "for the purpose of subvert the constitutional order and theft of a vehicle." The same year 10 members of AMI were arrested in an Audiencia Nacional special operation. The website of the organization was closed by the police. The detainees were accused of vandalism, burning Spanish flags, public disorder, justifying terrorism and burning of bank ATMs. All detainees were absolved in 2008. In 2010 a judge ordered to take down the web of AMI again.
# Plagiolirion

Plagiolirion is a monotypic genus in the family Amaryllidaceae endemic to Colombia. It has only one known species, Plagiolirion horsmannii, which is rare in the wild and was thought to be extinct until it was rediscovered in the Río Cauca Valley in 1989.

## Description
### Vegetative characteristics

Plagiolirion horsmannii is a bulbous, perennial herb with subglobose or ovoid, tunicate, 5–6 cm long, and 5–5.5 cm wide bulbs with fleshy roots. The bulbs have offsets at the base.

### Generative characteristics

The scapose, umbellate inflorescences with a terete, solid, erect, glaucous green, 49–66 cm long, and 0.5 cm wide scape, bears 10–41 white, zygomorphic, inodorous, protrandrous, pedicellate, 2.5–3 cm long, and 3–4 cm wide flowers. The thin pedicels are 1.5–2 cm long.

### Cytology

The diploid chromosome number of Plagiolirion horsmannii is 2n = 46.

## Taxonomy

The genus and species were first described by John Gilbert Baker in 1883. The genus is placed in the tribe Eucharideae.

### Etymology

The generic name Plagiolirion, from plagios meaning 'oblique' and leirion meaning 'lily', is derived from the floral morphology. The specific epithet horsmannii honours Fred Horsman, who imported the species to Colchester, United Kingdom.

## Ecology
### Habitat

It occurs in the Colombian Andes.
# Frank Newman Speller Award

The Frank Newman Speller Award is an annual award for significant contributions to corrosion engineering and is administered by NACE International. (The organization was previously known as the National Association of Corrosion Engineers.) The award is named in honor of Frank Newman Speller, a Canadian-born American metallurgical engineer notable for his pioneering text on corrosion.

## Recipients

Source: NACE International
* 1947 - Frank Newman Speller
* 1948 - John M. Pearson
* 1949 - Francis L. LaQue
* 1950 - O.C. Mudd
* 1951 - Kirk H. Logan
* 1952 - Starr Thayer
* 1953 - Scott P. Ewing
* 1954 - E.H. Dix, Jr.
* 1955 - Gordon N. Scott
* 1956 - Mars G. Fontana
* 1957 - Walter F. Rogers
* 1958 - Robert J. Kuhn
* 1959 - A. Wachter
* 1960 - J.C. Hudson
* 1961 - K.G. Compton
* 1962 - C.P. Larrabee
* 1963 - Thomas P. May
* 1964 - Hugh P. Godard
* 1965 - F.W. Wink
* 1966 - Richard S. Treseder
* 1967 - John D. Sudbury
* 1968 - Lee P. Sudrabin
* 1969 - Charles G. Munger
* 1970 - Arland W. Peabody
* 1971 - Andrew Dravnieks
* 1972 - No recipient
* 1973 - Fred M. Reinhart
* 1974 - K.N. Barnard
* 1975 - Bernard Husock
* 1976 - E.H. Phelps
* 1977 - Walter K. Boyd
* 1978 - Joseph B. Cotton
* 1979 - M.C. Miller
* 1980 - H. Spahn
* 1981 - J.H. Morgan
* 1982 - Richard F. Stratful
* 1983 - Ernest W. Haycock
* 1984 - Warren E. Berry
* 1985 - Stanley L. Lopata
* 1986 - R.N. Miller
* 1987 - Einar Mattsson
* 1988 - Robert A. Baboian
* 1989 - A.J. Sedricks
* 1990 - M.E. Indig
* 1991 - Sheldon W. Dean
* 1993 - Bryan E. Wilde
* 1994 - S. Evans
* 1995 - P.R. Rhodes
* 1996 - Peter L. Andresen
* 1997 - Jacques-Philippe Berge
* 1998 - H. Okada
* 1999 - Herbert E. Townsend
* 2000 - Peter M. Scott
* 2001 - G. Schick
* 2002 - G.M. Gordon
* 2003 - R.W. Schutz
* 2004 - Boris A. Miksic
* 2005 - D. Knotkova-Cermakova
* 2006 - Masakatsu Ueda
* 2007 - Jorge A. González
* 2008 - David C. Silverman
* 2009 - Bruce Hinton
* 2010 - Andrew Garner
* 2011 - Pierre Combrade
* 2012 - William Hartt
* 2013 - John Beavers
* 2014 - Shunichi Suzuki
* 2015 - Jeffrey Gorman
* 2016 - David Shifler
* 2017 - Narasi Sridhar
* 2018 - Robert Tapping
* 2019 - U. Kamachi Mudali
* 2020 - Roy Johnsen
# Auraj

Auraj (Bengali: অরাজ, romanized: oraj) is a Bangladeshi anarchist and feminist organization. Founded around 2019, it primarily focuses on translating and publishing anarchist texts while supporting other movements.

## History

The group was founded around 2019 in Bangladesh. Its name comes from the corresponding Bengali term, which means "anarchy". By 2019, it was already active, as it was attacked in October 2019 during a long march against gender-based and sexual violence. In 2020, the group organized another march in collaboration with the Bangladeshi Students' Union (BSU) and the Bangladesh Garment Workers Trade Union Centre (GWTUC), which started in Dhaka and went to Noakhali, 150km from there, where a woman had been tortured, stripped, and filmed by her captors.
Although the group is engaged in these social and feminist struggles, its main activity remains the maintenance of its website and the publication of anarchist resources in Bengali, particularly through translations. Among the authors translated are Mikhail Bakunin, Peter Kropotkin, and Rudolf Rocker.
The group supported and participated in the 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement. While the movement was ongoing, Auraj called for the protection of the country's ethnic and religious minorities.
# Grolley railway station

Grolley railway station (French: Gare de Grolley) is a railway station in the former municipality of Grolley (part of Grolley-Ponthaux since 2025), in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Fribourg–Yverdon line of Swiss Federal Railways.

## Services

As of the December 2024 timetable change, the following services stop at Grolley:
* RER Fribourg S30 S30: half-hourly service between Yverdon-les-Bains and Fribourg/Freiburg.
# Swords of Mars

Swords of Mars is a science fantasy novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the eighth of his Barsoom series. It was first published in the magazine Blue Book as a six-part serial in the issues for November 1934 to April 1935. The first book edition was published by Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc. in February 1936.

## Plot introduction

Swords of Mars begins as a cloak and dagger thriller and ends as an interplanetary odyssey. In this novel John Carter, transplanted Earthman, returns to his status of protagonist and first-person narrator for the first time since the third Martian novel, The Warlord of Mars.

## Plot summary

Carter relates an adventure commencing with a private war he and his picked followers have been waging against the resurgent Guild of Assassins, led by Ur Jan. Hoping to cut off the threat at the root, he travels undercover to the Assassins' base, the restive city of Zodanga, still smarting from its defeat and sack by the Empire of Helium and the horde of Tharks in A Princess of Mars. There Carter passes himself off in the underworld as Vandor, a freelance bravo, cultivating small-time criminal Rapas the Ulsio and attempting to penetrate the ranks of the Guild.
Simultaneously, Carter becomes embroiled in the affairs of two rival scientists, Fal Sivas and Gar Nal, who are competing against each other to create a viable "synthetic brain"-controlled spacecraft. Complications ensue as the two threads of the plot become entangled, and the Guild, in its own attempt at a preemptive strike against Carter, kidnaps his wife, the princess Dejah Thoris of Helium.
For the first time the action of the series goes off-planet, as Ur Jan and Gar Nal flee with Dejah to the Martian moon Thuria (Phobos) in one of the spacecraft, pursued by Carter and his allies Jat Or and Zanda in the other. The passage shrinks the travelers down until to them the tiny moon is the size of a planet.
There, all are captured by the sun-worshipping Tarids, white-skinned and blue-haired natives of Thuria (which they call Ladan) whose mental powers render them invisible to the spacefarers. To win freedom from their jeweled prison, the antagonists must join forces with each other, aided by another captive, the one-eyed and two-mouthed chameleon-like "cat-man" Umka.
Amid betrayal and heroic sacrifice, the parties from Mars eventually return to their home planet with Carter and Dejah still separated and the latter believed still captive on Thuria. In a final twist, she is revealed as still in the hands of Gar Nal, whom Ur Jan, honoring his earlier pledge of fealty to Carter, redeems himself by dispatching.

## Hidden dedication

The first letter of the preface and the subsequent twenty-four chapters of the book form an acrostic message from the author to his second wife Florence, whom he was in the process of marrying at the time of publication. The message reads "To Florence with all My Love Ed."

## Copyright

The copyright for this story has expired in Australia, and thus now resides in the public domain there. The text is available via Project Gutenberg Australia.
# Arnarstapi

Arnarstapi (Icelandic pronunciation:) or Stapi is a small fishing village at the foot of Mt. Stapafell between Hellnar village and Breiðavík farms on the southern side of Snæfellsnes, Iceland.
Placenames in the vicinity of Arnarstapi and nearby Hellnar village are inspired by Bárðar saga Snæfellsáss, an Icelandic saga relating the story of Bárður, a half human and half ogre. Arnarstapi was a natural site for landings and harbor for small vessels, and therefore ideal for a shipping port. In the olden days, Arnarstapi was thus from very early on, a busy fishing port and commercial centre servicing the West coast area under the Danish crown and a merchant monopoly of Denmark was in effect from 1565. From then on and through the 17th and 18th century, agents of the Danish crown had custodial power over Arnarstapi and commercial rights by royal appointment over nearby lands, formerly owned by Helgafell monastery and monopoly of all trade in the area. Several old houses from that time, each with its own unique history, can be seen at Arnarstapi, the old Amtmannshús (The Danish Prefect's Residence (1774–1787) having a history of its own, it having been moved in 1849 to nearby Vogur á Mýrum, where it stayed until 1983, when it was moved back again to Arnarstapi in 1985 and declared a historical site in 1990. There resided amongst other notables, Danish Prefect Bjarni Thorsteinsson (1821–1849), whose son was renowned poet and writer Steingrímur Thorsteinsson.
Today Arnarstapi is still a somewhat busy harbor during the summer months serving private fishing and recreational vessels as well with its maintained docks that were renewed in 2002. Being a popular destination of tourists in summer, Arnarstapi is today a thriving centre for local tourism activities where there is a variety of natural and culinary attractions as well and a cluster of second homes are located in and around the village. There is much beauty to be found in nearby attractions, and an old horse trail past Neðstavatn is now a popular hiking trail across the lava and along the beach between Arnarstapi and Hellnar. This walk is about one hour. The lava field is called Hellnahraun, and its coast where at its westernmost edge can be found the ancient small village of Hellnar is a natural preserve. Along the coast there are some unique rock formations to be seen. There the waves of the ocean play along with the sun and the daylight to produce a natural show of which the most spectacular can be experienced at the cliff Gatklettur, and the rifts Hundagjá, Miðgjá and Músagjá. Near Arnarstapi you will also find many other interesting natural wonders like Rauðfeldsgjá, Dritvík, Bjarnarfoss and Lóndrangar.

## In popular culture

In Jules Verne's A Journey to the Center of the Earth, Stapi is the last stop on the route the protagonists take before they climb Snæfellsjökull and enter the interior of the planet through a tunnel in the crater.
# King, Indiana

King is an unincorporated community in Patoka Township, Gibson County, Indiana, United States. It is also referred to as Kings or as King's Station.

## History

King had its start in the early 1850s when the Evansville & Terre Haute Railroad was extended to that point. It was named for John King, a pioneer settler.
A post office was established at King in 1882, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1908.

## Geography

King is located at 38°18′15″N 87°34′34″W﻿ / ﻿38.30417°N 87.57611°W﻿ / 38.30417; -87.57611.