OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Princess Vjera of Montenegro

Vjera Petrović-Njegoš, Princess of Montenegro (Serbian Cyrillic: Вјера Петровић-Његош; 22 February 1887 – 31 October 1927) was a Princess of Montenegro.

## Early life and ancestry

Vjera (Vera) was born as the ninth daughter and eleventh (of twelve) child of Nicholas I of Montenegro and his wife, Milena of Montenegro. By birth, she was member of the House of Petrović-Njegoš, ruling family of the Kingdom of Montenegro since 1697.

## Biography

Vjera and her sister Princess Xenia were not educated at the Smolny Institute in Russia like her eldest sisters had been, but educated at home. She was described as pretty and elegant, but more sensitive and timid, and not as energetic or strong-willed, like her elder sisters.
She was interested in painting, but is foremost remembered because of the effort she made helping the injured victims of an explosion in the harbor of Bar, for which she was awarded a medal. She left Montenegro when her father was deposed in 1918 and settled with her parents and her sister Xenia in France. She participated in humanitarian work in France as well. As young girls, Vjera's father had high hopes that she and her elder sister Xenia would marry members of the Russian Imperial family. But, she decided to never marry.

## Death

She died while in exile, on 31 October 1927 in Cap d'Antibes, France. She was buried with her parents and sister in Sanremo, Italy, but like them, her remains were reburied in the Cetinje Monastery in 1989.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Princess Vjera of Montenegro :
# George H. Hepting

George Henry Hepting (September 1, 1907 – April 29, 1988) was an American forest scientist and plant pathologist. Hepting was Chief Plant Pathologist at Southeastern Forest Experiment Station of US Forest Service and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He has been called a "pioneer leader in forest pathology".
Hepting was educated at Cornell University with an undergraduate degree in 1929 and a Ph.D. in 1933.
He spent much of his career at the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station of the US Forest Service, which he joined in 1931 as a Field Assistant. He served as Chief of the Division of Forest Disease Research at the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station in Asheville, North Carolina (1953-1961) and as Principal Research Scientist for the Washington office of the Forest Service (1962-1971). Hepting was also a visiting professor at North Carolina State University (1967-1984), on plant pathology and forest resources.
Hepting directed generative research on diseases of forests such as annosum root rot, the use of soil fumigation in nurseries, and the role of ozone and other oxidants as causes of diseases in forests.
He was also noted for creation of the first computerized system for information retrieval in forestry.
His books included the comprehensive encyclopedia Diseases of Forest and Shade Trees in the United States (1971). His research papers included the cross-disciplinary "Climate and Forest Diseases" (1963); "Death of the American chestnut" (1974), a history of the failure to control chestnut blight; "The threatoned elms" (1977) on Dutch elm disease and elm phloem necrosis; and many others. Hepting's papers are part of the Archival Collections at NC State University Libraries.

## Awards and distinctions

* 1969 - the first forester elected to the National Academy of Sciences
* 1954 - the Superior Service Award of the U.S. Department of Agriculture
* 1963 - the Barrington Moore Award for outstanding achievements in forestry research
* 1965 - Fellow of the Society of American Foresters
* 1966 - Fellow of the American Phytopathological Society
* 1974 - the Weyerhaeuser Award for Outstanding Historical Writing from the Forest History Society
# Mary Washburn

Mary T. Washburn (August 4, 1907 – February 2, 1994) was an American track and field athlete who competed mainly in the sprints.
She attended DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana, graduating in 1928. She also graduated from New York University in 1929.
She competed for the United States track and field team in the 1928 Summer Olympics held in Amsterdam, Netherlands in the 4 x 100 metres where she won the Silver medal with her team mates Jessie Cross, Loretta McNeil and Betty Robinson.
# 1948 Washington Huskies football team

The 1948 Washington Huskies football team was an American football team that represented the University of Washington during the 1948 college football season. In its first season under head coach Howard Odell, the team compiled a 2–7–1 record, finished in seventh place in the Pacific Coast Conference, and was outscored 189 to 89. Alf Hemsted was the team captain.
Washington was ranked at No. 62 in the final Litkenhous Difference by Score System ratings for 1948.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 25 | Minnesota* | University of Washington StadiumSeattle, WA | L 0–20 | 40,487 |
| October 2 | at Oregon State | Multnomah StadiumPortland, OR | T 14–14 | 25,000 |
| October 9 | UCLA | University of Washington StadiumSeattle, WA | W 27–6 | 28,000 |
| October 16 | at Washington State | Rogers FieldPullman, WA (rivalry) | L 0–10 | 25,000 |
| October 23 | No. 4 California | University of Washington StadiumSeattle, WA | L 0–21 | 38,000 |
| October 30 | at Stanford | Stanford StadiumStanford, CA | L 0–20 | 25,000 |
| November 6 | No. 16 Oregon | University of Washington StadiumSeattle, WA (rivalry) | L 7–13 | 33,400 |
| November 13 | at USC | Los Angeles Memorial ColiseumLos Angeles, CA | L 7–32 | 44,500 |
| November 20 | Idaho | University of Washington StadiumSeattle, WA | W 34–7 | 20,000 |
| November 27 | at No. 2 Notre Dame* | Notre Dame StadiumNotre Dame, IN | L 0–46 | 52,000 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||

## Professional football draft selections

One University of Washington Husky was selected in the 1949 AAFC Draft, which lasted 29 rounds with 136 selections.
* = Husky Hall of Fame
| Player | Position | Round | Pick | Club |
| Larry Hatch | Back | 18 | 5 | Los Angeles Dons |
# National Revolutionary Command Council (Sudan)

Part of a series on the :
History of Sudan :
FlagEmblemAnthem :
Before 1956 :
| Prehistory | before c. 25th cent. BC |
| Kerma culture | c. 25th cent. BC – 16th cent. BC |
| New Kingdom of Egypt | 16th cent. BC – 9th cent. BC |
| Kingdom of Kush | 9th cent. BC – 4th cent. AD |
| Christian Nubian Kingdoms | 6th cent. – 15th cent. |
| Islamization | c. 9th cent. – 19th cent. |
| Turco-Egyptian Sudan | 1820–1885 |
| Mahdist State | 1885–1899 |
| Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | 1899–1956 |
Since 1955 :
| First Civil War | 1955–1972 |
| Republic of Sudan 1964 Revolution | 1956–1969 |
| Democratic Republic 1969 Coup | 1969–1985 |
| Second Civil War | 1983–2005 |
| Republic of Sudan 1985 Coup 1989 Coup | 1986–2019 |
| Republic of Sudan 2019 Revolution 2019 Coup 2021 Coup 2023 War | 2019–present |
By region :
DarfurKhartoum :
By topic :
CoupsCinemaEconomicDemographyLanguagesLiteratureMediaMusicDecorationsPhotographyReligionSlaverySportTelevisionWomen :
Timeline :
vte :
The Revolutionary Command Council was the body that ruled Sudan after the coup d'état in May 1969. It was disbanded in October 1971.
Initially Babiker Awadalla, a lawyer, served as Premier, but was then moved by Maj-Gen Gaafar Nimeiry to become deputy chair of the council on 26 November 1969. Joseph Garang, a southerner, was also on the council in its initial days.

## Members (in 1970)

The other members (1970) were as follows:
* Farouk Hamadallah (Purged in 1970)
* Khalid Hassan Abbas
* Mamoun Awad
* Abul Kassem Hashem
* Muhammad Ahmed Abd al-Qadir
* Abu el-Qassim Mohamad Ibrahim
* Abu Bakr al-Nur (Purged in 1970)
* Hashem al Atta (Purged in 1970)
# Colony Street-West Main Street Historic District

The Colony Street-West Main Street Historic District encompasses a major section of the historic downtown area of Meriden, Connecticut. Extending north and west from the junction of Colony and West Main Streets, this area was developed commercially after the arrival of the railroad line which runs just to its east. Despite some redevelopment, the historic commercial and mixed residential-commercial buildings convey the appearance of a typical late 19th or early 20th-century downtown. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. Since its listing, a number of the historic buildings have been demolished.

## Description and history

Meriden's early town center was located at the junction of Main and Broad Streets, with West Meriden a lesser center of economic activity. In 1838, the railroad line was run nearer West Meriden (after a protracted battle between competing municipal interests), kicking off a commercial development boom there. Colony Street was by 1875 lined with commercial buildings, many of which were redeveloped later in the 19th century or early 20th century in late Victorian and other styles. West Main Street was developed mainly in the early 20th century, with either single or two-story commercial blocks, or larger mixed residential-commercial buildings in a diversity of styles. The south side of West Main Street was in the mid-20th century subjected to urban renewal, resulting in the demolition of most of the older buildings there.
The historic district extends west along West Main Street as far as the YMCA building and is limited to the north side except for a few buildings on the south side. The district extends north along Colony Street to the Gothic Revival First Congregational Church on the west side, and the former post office on the right. Much of the west side of the street has been redeveloped, while vacant lots now dot the landscape on the east side, where there once was an unbroken line of historic buildings.
# Thomas Grasso (gymnast)

Thomas Grasso (born 8 November 2000) is an Italian artistic gymnast. At the 2021 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Kitakyushu he placed 4th in the vault event finals. At the 2022 Cottbus Apparatus World Cup event he placed 3rd in Floor Exercise.

## Competitive history

| Year | Event | VT |
| 2021 |
| 2021 | World Championships | 4 |
| 2022 | World Cup Cottbus | |
# Pentti Siltaloppi

Pentti Veikko "Loppi" Siltaloppi (29 September 1917 – 18 June 2002) was a Finnish male runner. He competed in the 3000 metres steeplechase at the 1946 European Championships and the 1948 Summer Olympics and finished fifth-sixth.
# Paul Christoph Mangelsdorf

Paul Christoph Mangelsdorf (July 20, 1899 – July 22, 1989) was an American botanist and agronomist, known for his work on the origins of maize.

## Early life and education

Mangelsdorf was born in Atchison, Kansas. His father was a Prussian immigrant and his mother was also German. He studied at Kansas State University when it was still the "Kansas State Agricultural College" and received his bachelor's degree there in 1921. In 1921 he became Donald F. Jones's assistant in Connecticut and simultaneously furthered his studies at Harvard University, attaining his doctorate in 1925 under the direction of E. M. East.
In 1927 Mangelsdorf became a researcher at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, where he became interested in the genetic origins of maize. In 1940 he became a professor of economic botany at Harvard and continued his research there until his retirement in 1968. After his retirement, he continued his research at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
In 1941, Mangelsdorf became an agricultural consultant for the Rockefeller Foundation and was involved in the development of Office of Special Services that became the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center. This project would be instrumental in the Green Revolution.

## Research

Mangelsdorf is noted for studying the origins and hybridization of maize. Hence he co-wrote the book The Origin of Indian Corn and Its Relatives with Robert G. Reeves. They worked on a "Tripartite theory" of origin. According to the horticultural authority Noel Kingsbury, this theory enjoyed broad support on the strength of Mangelsdorf's "undisputed... reign as the international emperor of corn." However, advances in molecular genetics discredited the tripartite model in favor of the rival position of George Beadle, which identified corn as a domesticated offspring of teosinte.

## Honors and legacy

Mangelsdorf was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1940, the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1945, and the American Philosophical Society in 1955. He was in 1951 the president of the American Society of Naturalists, in 1955 the president of the Genetics Society of America, and in 1962 the president of the Society for Economic Botany.
# Fiber functor

Fiber functors in category theory, topology and algebraic geometry refer to several loosely related functors that generalise the functors taking a covering space $\pi \colon X\rightarrow S$ to the fiber $\pi ^{-1}(s)$ over a point $s\in S$.

## Definition

A fiber functor (or fibre functor) is a loose concept which has multiple definitions depending on the formalism considered. One of the main initial motivations for fiber functors comes from Topos theory. Recall a topos is the category of sheaves over a site. If a site is just a single object, as with a point, then the topos of the point is equivalent to the category of sets, ${\mathfrak {Set}}$. If we have the topos of sheaves on a topological space $X$, denoted ${\mathfrak {T}}(X)$, then to give a point $a$ in $X$ is equivalent to defining adjoint functors
   $a^{*}:{\mathfrak {T}}(X)\leftrightarrows {\mathfrak {Set}}:a_{*}$
The functor $a^{*}$ sends a sheaf ${\mathfrak {F}}$ on $X$ to its fiber over the point $a$; that is, its stalk.

### From covering spaces

Consider the category of covering spaces over a topological space $X$, denoted ${\mathfrak {Cov}}(X)$. Then, from a point $x\in X$ there is a fiber functor
   ${\text{Fib}}_{x}:{\mathfrak {Cov}}(X)\to {\mathfrak {Set}}$
sending a covering space $\pi :Y\to X$ to the fiber $\pi ^{-1}(x)$. This functor has automorphisms coming from $\pi _{1}(X,x)$ since the fundamental group acts on covering spaces on a topological space $X$. In particular, it acts on the set $\pi ^{-1}(x)\subset Y$. In fact, the only automorphisms of ${\text{Fib}}_{x}$ come from $\pi _{1}(X,x)$.

#### With étale topologies

There is an algebraic analogue of covering spaces coming from the étale topology on a connected scheme $S$. The underlying site consists of finite étale covers, which are finite flat surjective morphisms $X\to S$ such that the fiber over every geometric point $s\in S$ is the spectrum of a finite étale $\kappa (s)$-algebra. For a fixed geometric point ${\overline {s}}:{\text{Spec}}(\Omega )\to S$, consider the geometric fiber $X\times _{S}{\text{Spec}}(\Omega )$ and let ${\text{Fib}}_{\overline {s}}(X)$ be the underlying set of $\Omega$-points. Then,
   ${\text{Fib}}_{\overline {s}}:{\mathfrak {Fet}}_{S}\to {\mathfrak {Sets}}$
is a fiber functor where ${\mathfrak {Fet}}_{S}$ is the topos from the finite étale topology on $S$. In fact, it is a theorem of Grothendieck that the automorphisms of ${\text{Fib}}_{\overline {s}}$ form a profinite group, denoted $\pi _{1}(S,{\overline {s}})$, and induce a continuous group action on these finite fiber sets, giving an equivalence between covers and the finite sets with such actions.

### From Tannakian categories

Another class of fiber functors come from cohomological realizations of motives in algebraic geometry. For example, the De Rham cohomology functor $H_{dR}$ sends a motive $M(X)$ to its underlying de-Rham cohomology groups $H_{dR}^{*}(X)$.
# 1948 Xavier Musketeers football team

The 1948 Xavier Musketeers football team was an American football team that represented Xavier University as an independent during the 1948 college football season. In their second year under head coach Ed Kluska, the Musketeers compiled a 4–6 record.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 18 | Eastern Kentucky | Xavier StadiumCincinnati, OH | W 31–0 | |
| September 25 | at Kentucky | McLean StadiumLexington, KY | L 7–48 | |
| October 2 | at Cincinnati | Nippert StadiumCincinnati, OH (rivalry) | W 13–7 | 28,000 |
| October 8 | Louisville | Xavier StadiumCincinnati, OH | W 47–26 | 8,000 |
| October 16 | at Miami (OH) | Miami FieldOxford, OH | L 0–9 | 13,000 |
| October 23 | at Western Michigan | Waldo StadiumKalamazoo, MI | W 33–20 | 5,500 |
| October 31 | Dayton | Xavier StadiumCincinnati, OH | L 0–7 | 15,000 |
| November 6 | Quantico Marines | Xavier StadiumCincinnati, OH | L 51–26 | 8,000 |
| November 13 | at John Carroll | Shaw StadiumEast Cleveland, OH | L 7–13 | 8,500 |
| November 20 | Marshall | Xavier StadiumCincinnati, OH | L 20–26 | 7,500 |
# Let's Think About Living

"Let's Think About Living" is a song written by Boudleaux Bryant, and recorded by American country music artist Bob Luman. It was released in August 1960 as the second single and title track from his album Let's Think About Living. The song reached No. 9 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

## Background

The song is an open critique of the teenage tragedy song and gunfighter ballad genre of the time, humorously quipping that if Marty Robbins, Patti Page and the Everly Brothers actually died in the songs where they mention dying ("El Paso", "One of Us (Will Weep Tonight)", and "Cathy's Clown" ), the singer humorously suggests he will soon be the last surviving musician in the industry. The lyrics suggest happier themes for songs in the future such as living, loving and dancing.

## Charts

| Chart (1960) | Peak position |
| Australia Kent Music Report | 3 |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 3 |
| U.K. Singles Chart | 6 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 7 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 9 |

## Covers

The Swedish group Sven-Ingvars Kvartett (later Sven-Ingvars) 1961 - the first song on their first EP record (Philips 421 587 PE).
# Antonio Criniti

Antonio Criniti (born 29 October 1970) is a retired Italian football striker.
# Kabi Nazrul Government College

Kabi Nazrul Government College (KNGC) is a governmental college located in Luxmibazar, Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. It was formerly known as Govt. Kabi Nazrul College.
It offers higher secondary education (HSC) as well as bachelor's degree and master's degree programmes. Its former name was Mohasania Madrasa. The name of the institution has been changed four times, the current name is "Kabi Nazrul Govt. College." It was affiliated with the University of Dhaka from February 2017 to January 2025.

## History

In 1874, Mohasania Madrasah was established by a grant from the Mohsin Fund. It was built on the model of Calcutta Alia Madrasah (now Aliah University). The institute was later known as Dhaka Madrasah. In 1915, it became Dhaka High Madrasah. In 1916, the Anglo-Persian department became a separate school named Dhaka Government Muslim High School.
After the establishment of University of Dhaka in 1921, the school was upgraded to a college and renamed Islamia Intermediate College. In 1968, the college section was named Government College Dhaka and was given its current name in 1972.

## Academics

Kabi Nazrul Government College offers Higher Secondary Certificate, four-year honours and one-year master's courses in various majors.

### Faculty of Science

* Botany
* Chemistry
* Geography & Environment
* Mathematics
* Zoology
* Physics

### Faculty of Arts and Social Science

* Arabic
* Bengali
* Economics
* English
* History
* Islamic History and Culture
* Islamic Studies
* Philosophy
* Physical Exercise
* Political Science

### Faculty of Business Studies

* Finance and Banking
* Accounting
* Management
* Marketing

## Landmarks

* View from Bahadurshah Park
* Wooden staircase
* Nameplate
* Entrance gate
* Campus

## Notable alumni

* Salma Khatun, Bangladesh's first female locomotive driver.
* Sheikh Shaheb Ali, international football coach and player.
# A72 road

The A72 road is a major route in Scotland connecting Hamilton in South Lanarkshire, with Galashiels in the Scottish Borders. It travels for over 97 kilometres (60 mi) in a south-easterly direction, along the Clyde and Tweed valleys, passing the towns of Larkhall, Lanark, Biggar and Peebles.

## Route
### Hamilton to Lanark

Starting at the junction with the A724, the road parallels the M74, following the original A74 (now B7078) before descending into the forested Clyde Valley as it skirts around the town of Larkhall. The road follows the River Clyde, with some tight bends, sheer drops and adverse cambers, and meets the A73 just north of Lanark.

### Lanark to Causewayend

This section of the road follows the course of the A73 through the town of Lanark and, just before Symington, again becomes the A72. It meets the main A702, Edinburgh to Abington, South Lanarkshire road; this short section of road is narrow as it passes through Symington.

### Causewayend to Kaimrig End

This section of the road follows the course of the A702 for approximately 3 miles through the town of Biggar. The A72 enters the village of Skirling before ascending onto higher moorland. This section of road is notorious for accidents due to its high elevation, poor weather and winding route.

### Kaimrig End to Galashiels

On this last 9.7 kilometres (6 mi) section of A72, it is the secondary route on the A701. Just south of Blyth Bridge, it meets the A721, and less than a mile further, it leaves the course of the A701. The A72 ascends a high plateau, then descends into the valley of the River Tweed at Stobo, and parallels the Tweed for the remainder of its length.
The road passes through Peebles and then Innerleithen and Walkerburn towards Galashiels. It comes to an end at a junction with the A7, which leads on to the Galashiels Ring Road.
# John Gorman (entertainer)

John Gorman (born 4 January 1936) is an English comedian, vocalist and comedy musician.

## Early life and education

Gorman was born in Birkenhead, Cheshire in 1936. After grammar school, Gorman worked as a telecommunications engineer.

## The Scaffold

He was the founder of the comedy music group The Scaffold, best known for their 1968 hit single Lily the Pink, and its successor the band Grimms – the 'G' in Gorman providing the 'G' in Grimms. He also made a comedy musical album for DJM Records, Go Man Gorman.
During the 1970s he made brief film appearances in Frankie Howerd's medieval set farce Up the Chastity Belt (1971), Melody (1971), Terry Gilliam's Jabberwocky (1977), where he is credited as 'second peasant', and The Music Machine (1979) as a newsagent.

## Television

He also made appearances on the British children's television show Tiswas between 1977 and 1981 (becoming a regular member in 1978) and was one of the Four Bucketeers, a novelty band whose highest-charting single was "Bucket of Water Song", which reached No. 26 in the UK Singles Chart in 1980. After Tiswas, he worked with Chris Tarrant on its adult-oriented successor O.T.T.. He then moved to Tyne Tees, first on the children's game show How Dare You! and later on another children's show, Razzmatazz.
After a period living in France, he returned as artistic director for the Theatre on the Steps in Bridgnorth, Shropshire, England. He appeared on the Tiswas Reunited show on ITV1 on 16 June 2007. Also in 2007 he announced plans to establish a Wirral Academy of the Arts at Birkenhead Park.
On 16 April 2022, Gorman reunited once again with Bob Carolgees, Sally James and Chris Tarrant for a Tiswas reunion show at St George's in Bristol as part of the city's annual Slapstick Festival.