# Space collaborations between Singapore and ISRO

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has frequently collaborated with various organisations and universities in Singapore, with activities related to space. With 20 Singaporean satellites launched by ISRO, Singapore is the third largest customer of ISRO'S foreign satellite launching missions. During the India-Singapore technology summit of 2022, both countries signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in the fields of science, technology, and innovation.

## History

The ISRO launched Singapore's first indigenously built micro-satellite in 2011. Two more satellites were launched in 2014 and 6sixin 2015. During Indian PM Narendra Modi's visit to Singapore in June 2018, six MoUs were signed by NTU for a research and exchange partnership with NITI Aayog.
On 23 February 2022, India and Singapore signed a MoU related to cooperation in the fields of technology, science, and innovation at the India-Singapore Technology Summit 2022's inaugural session. This virtual summit was co-organised by Singapore's Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) and India's Department of Science and Technology (DST) and CII.
PSLV C-29 and PSLV-C56 were exclusively commercial launches of Singaporean satellites.

## List of Singaporean satellites launched by India

| No. | Satellite | Launch date | Launch mass | Launch vehicle | Remarks |
| 1 | X-SAT | 20 April 2011 | 106 kg | PSLV-C16 | ISRO launched 3 satellites, of which 1 was foreign. |
| 2 | VELOX 1 | 30 June 2011 | 7 kg | PSLV-C23 | cubesat |
| 3 | TeLEOS-1 | 16 December 2015 | 400 kg | PSLV-C29 | Exclusive commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. |
| 4 | VELOX-C1 | 16 December 2015 | 123 kg | PSLV-C29 | Exclusive commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. |
| 5 | VELOX-II | 16 December 2015 | 13 kg | PSLV-C29 | Exclusive commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. |
| 6 | Athenoxat-1 | 16 December 2015 | <5 kg | PSLV-C29 | Exclusive commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. |
| 7 | Kent Ridge 1 (KR 1) | 16 December 2015 | 78 kg | PSLV-C29 | Exclusive commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. |
| 8 | Galassia | 16 December 2015 | 3.4 kg | PSLV-C29 | Exclusive commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. |
| 9 | DS-EO | 30 June 2022, 12:32 UTC | 365 kg | PSLV-CA C53 | |
| 10 | NeuSAR | 30 June 2022, 12:32 UTC | 155 kg | PSLV-CA C53 | |
| 11 | SCOOB-I | 30 June 2022, 12:32 UTC | 2.80 kg | PSLV-CA C53 | |
| 12 | TeLEOS-2 | 22 April 2023, 08:50 UTC | 741 kg | PSLV-CA C55 | 57th mission of PSLV |
| 13 | Lumelite-4 | 22 April 2023, 08:50 UTC | 16 kg | PSLV-CA C55 | 57th mission of PSLV |
| 14 | DS-SAR | 30 July 2023, 01:01 UTC | 352 kg | PSLV-CA C56 | 58th PSLV mission Commercial launch of Singapore's DS-SAR satellite and 6 co-passenger satellites from Singapore. |
| 15 | Arcade | 30 July 2023, 01:01 UTC | 24 kg | PSLV-CA C56 | 58th PSLV mission Commercial launch of Singapore's DS-SAR satellite and 6 co-passenger satellites from Singapore. |
| 16 | Velox-AM | 30 July 2023, 01:01 UTC | 23 kg | PSLV-CA C56 | 58th PSLV mission Commercial launch of Singapore's DS-SAR satellite and 6 co-passenger satellites from Singapore. |
| 17 | SCOOB-II | 30 July 2023, 01:01 UTC | 4 kg | PSLV-CA C56 | 58th PSLV mission Commercial launch of Singapore's DS-SAR satellite and 6 co-passenger satellites from Singapore. |
| 18 | ORB-12 STRIDER | 30 July 2023, 01:01 UTC | 13 kg | PSLV-CA C56 | 58th PSLV mission Commercial launch of Singapore's DS-SAR satellite and 6 co-passenger satellites from Singapore. |
| 19 | Galassia-2 | 30 July 2023, 01:01 UTC | 3.5 kg | PSLV-CA C56 | 58th PSLV mission Commercial launch of Singapore's DS-SAR satellite and 6 co-passenger satellites from Singapore. |
| 20 | NuLIon | 30 July 2023, 01:01 UTC | 3 kg | PSLV-CA C56 | 58th PSLV mission Commercial launch of Singapore's DS-SAR satellite and 6 co-passenger satellites from Singapore. |