# The Income-tax Bill, 2025

The Income Tax Bill, 2025 is proposed to come into force in India with effect from 01 April 2026, which will replace the old Income Tax Act, 1961, the proposed Bill has total of 536 sections and 16 schedules.
The old Income Tax Act, 1961 was enacted in 1961 which is now a 64 year old Act, in India, the Income Tax Act is being amended almost every year in the form of Finance Act being passed in the Annual Budgets, which has made the old law a cumbersome law.
One of the major change being made is that non filing of ITR has now been a non-cognisable offence meaning thereby, where earlier law did not specifically mentioned that the non filing of Income Tax return in India will not be a non-cognisable offence, but now the new law has provided for the same which is being celebrated as it leads to the end of income tax terrorism in India.

## List of sections of the Income Tax Act, 2025

| Section Number | Section Title | Changes |
| 1 | Short title, extent and commencement | |
| 2 | Definitions | |
| 3 | Definition of “tax year” | Concept of Previous Year and Assessment year in the old law is being changed to Tax Year. |
| 4 | Charge of income-tax | |
| 5 | Scope of total income | |
| 6 | Residence in India | |
| 7 | Income deemed to be received | |
| 8 | Income on receipt of capital asset or stock-in-trade by specified person from specified entity. | |
| 9 | Income deemed to accrue or arise in India | |
| 10 | Apportionment of income between spouses governed by Portuguese Civil Code. | |
| 11 | Incomes not included in total income | |
| 12 | Incomes not included in total income of political parties and electoral trusts | |
| 13 | Heads of income | |
| 14 | Income not forming part of total income and expenditure in relation to such income | |
| 15 | Salaries | |
| 16 | Income from salary | |
| 17 | Perquisite | |
| 18 | Profits in lieu of salary | |
| 19 | Deductions from salaries | |
| 20 | Income from house property | |
| 21 | Determination of annual value | |
| 22 | Deductions from income from house property | |
| 23 | Arrears of rent and unrealised rent received subsequently | |
| 24 | Property owned by co-owners | |
| 25 | Interpretation | |
| 26 | Income under head “Profits and gains of business or profession” | |
| 27 | Manner of computing profits and gains of business or profession. | |
| 28 | Rent, rates, taxes, repairs and insurance | |
| 29 | Deductions related to employee welfare | |
| 30 | Deduction on certain premium | |
| 31 | Deduction for bad debt and provision for bad and doubtful debt. | |
| 32 | Other deductions. | |
| 33 | Deduction for depreciation | |
| 34 | General conditions for allowable deductions | |
| 35 | Amounts not deductible in certain circumstances | |
| 36 | Expenses or payments not deductible in certain circumstances | |
| 37 | Certain deductions allowed on actual payment basis only | |
| 38 | Certain sums deemed as profits and gains of business or profession | |
| 39 | Computation of actual cost | |
| 40 | Special provision for computation of cost of acquisition of certain assets | |
| 41 | Written down value of depreciable asset | |
| 42 | Capitalising the impact of foreign exchange fluctuation | |
| 43 | Taxation of foreign exchange fluctuation | |
| 44 | Amortisation of certain preliminary expenses | |
| 45 | Expenditure on scientific research | |
| 46 | Capital expenditure of specified business | |
| 47 | Expenditure on agricultural extension project and skill development project | |
| 48 | Tea development account, coffee development account and rubber development account | |
| 49 | Site Restoration Fund | |
| 50 | Special provision in the case of trade, profession or similar association | |
| 51 | Amortisation of expenditure for prospecting certain minerals | |
| 52 | Amortisation of expenditure for telecommunications services, amalgamation, demerger, scheme of voluntary retirement, etc | |
| 53 | Full value of consideration for transfer of assets other than capital assets in certain cases | |
| 54 | Business of prospecting for mineral oils | |
| 55 | Insurance business | |
| 56 | Special provision in case of interest income of specified financial institutions | |
| 57 | Revenue recognition for construction and service contracts | |
| 58 | Special provision for computing profits and gains of business or profession on presumptive basis in case of certain residents | |
| 59 | Chargeability of royalty and fee for technical services in hands of non-residents | |
| 60 | Deduction of head office expenditure in case of non-residents | |
| 61 | Special provision for computation of income on presumptive basis in respect of certain business activities of certain non-residents | |
| 62 | Maintenance of books of account | |
| 63 | Tax audit | |
| 64 | Facilitating payments in electronic modes | |
| 65 | Special provision for computing deductions in case of business reorganisation of co-operative banks | |
| 66 | Interpretation | |
| 67 | Capital gains | |
| 68 | Capital gains on distribution of assets by companies in liquidation | |
| 69 | Capital gains on purchase by company of its own shares or other specified securities | |
| 70 | Transactions not regarded as transfer | |
| 71 | Withdrawal of exemption in certain cases | |
| 72 | Mode of computation of capital gains | |
| 73 | Cost with reference to certain modes of acquisition | |
| 74 | Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of depreciable assets. | |
| 75 | Special provision for cost of acquisition in case of depreciable asset | |
| 76 | Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of Market Linked Debenture | |
| 77 | Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of slump sale | |
| 78 | Special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases | |
| 79 | Special provision for full value of consideration for transfer of share other than quoted share | |
| 80 | Fair market value deemed to be full value of consideration in certain cases | |
| 81 | Advance money received | |
| 82 | Profit on sale of property used for residence | |
| 83 | Capital gains on transfer of land used for agricultural purposes not to be charged in certain cases | |
| 84 | Capital gains on compulsory acquisition of lands and buildings not to be charged in certain cases | |
| 85 | Capital gains not to be charged on investment in certain bonds. | |
| 86 | Capital gains on transfer of certain capital assets not to be charged in case of investment in residential house | |
| 87 | Exemption of capital gains on transfer of assets in cases of shifting of industrial undertaking from urban area | |
| 88 | Exemption of capital gains on transfer of assets in cases of shifting of industrial undertaking from urban area to any Special Economic Zone | |
| 89 | Extension of time for acquiring new asset or depositing or investing amount of capital gains | |
| 90 | Meaning of “adjusted”, “cost of improvement” and “cost of acquisition” | |
| 91 | Reference to Valuation Officer | |
| 92 | Income from other sources | |
| 93 | Deductions | |
| 94 | Amounts not deductible | |
| 95 | Profits chargeable to tax | |
| 96 | Transfer of income without transfer of assets | |
| 97 | Chargeability of income in transfer of assets | |
| 98 | “Transfer” and “revocable transfer” defined | |
| 99 | Income of individual to include income of spouse, minor child, etc | |
| 100 | Liability of person in respect of income included in income of another person | |
| 101 | Total income | |
| 102 | Unexplained credits | |
| 103 | Unexplained investment | |
| 104 | Unexplained asset | |
| 105 | Unexplained expenditure | |
| 106 | Amount borrowed or repaid through negotiable instrument, hundi, etc. | |
| 107 | Charge of tax | |
| 108 | Set off of losses under the same head of income | |
| 109 | Set off of losses under any other head of income | |
| 110 | Carry forward and set off of loss from house property | |
| 111 | Carry forward and set off of loss from capital gains | |
| 112 | Carry forward and set off of business loss | |
| 113 | Set off and carry forward of losses from speculation business | |
| 114 | Set off and carry forward of losses from specified business | |
| 115 | Set off and carry forward of losses from specified activity | |
| 116 | Treatment of accumulated losses and unabsorbed depreciation in amalgamation or demerger, etc. | |
| 117 | Treatment of accumulated losses and unabsorbed depreciation in scheme of amalgamation in certain cases | |
| 118 | Carry forward and set off of losses and unabsorbed depreciation in business reorganisation of co-operative banks | |
| 119 | Carry forward and set off of losses not permissible in certain cases | |
| 120 | No set off of losses against undisclosed income consequent to search, requisition and survey | |