# List of wars involving Bengal until 1971

This is a list of battles and wars that involved or occurred in Bengal throughout different periods of history until the creation of the sovereign state of Bangladesh which marked a period of separation. It encompasses the entire region of Bengal including Bangladesh, West Bengal and other enclaves such as the Barak Valley. Some of the battles and wars occurred when the region of Bengal were under different empires, especially the Mughal Empire. The Bengalis served in the Mughal and the British militaries. They also had their own militaries are launched campaigns all across the subcontinent with the many predecessor states like the Bengal Sultanate and the Pala Empire.
Bengali victory
Bengali defeat
Another result

## Gauda Kingdom (300s–626, 750–1230)

The Gauḍa kingdom was a kingdom during the Classical era in the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the Gauda region of Bengal (modern-day West Bengal and Bangladesh) in 4th century CE or possibly earlier.
The Gauda Kingdom was one of the very first unified Bengali Kingdom encompassing much of Bengal, Orissa and Bihar. King Shashanka would later go on to fight with the Maukharis and Pushyabhutis and the forge an important alliance with Devagupta of Malwa.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Gauda–Gupta War (550–560) Location: Gauda | Gauda Kingdom | Later Gupta dynasty Maukhari dynasty | Defeat Gaudas forced to fall back upon the Deltaic region to the east of the Bhagirathi. |
| Campaign against the Varmans of Kamarupa (c. 595 – 600) Location: Assam | Gauda Kingdom | Varman Dynasty | Victory Varman princes taken as prisoners |
| Campaign against the Maukharis of Kanyakubja (c. 606) Location: Kannauj | Gauda Kingdom Devagupta of Malwa | Maukharis of Kanyakubja (Kanauj) Pushyabhuti dynasty | Victory Rajyavardhana killed by Shashanka |
| Gauda-Harsha War (c. 606) Location: Kannauj | Gauda Kingdom | Pushyabhuti dynasty | Inconclusive Shashanka retreated from Kannauj Shashanka is documented to have retained dominion over his lands. |
| Siege of Karnasubarna (c. 606) Location: Karnasubarna | Gauda Kingdom | Pushyabhuti dynasty | Victory Harsha's general fled from the battlefield. |

## Pala Empire (750–1161)

The Pala Empire (r. 750–1161 CE) was an imperial power during the post-classical period in the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal. It is named after its ruling dynasty, whose rulers bore names ending with the suffix Pāla ("protector" in Sanskrit), it took part in the major all-Indian conflict, the Kannauj Wars. They engaged in many wars with neighboring Kingdoms and Empires and under Devapala the empire reached its peak, controlling all of northern India.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Tripartite Struggle 785–816 Location: Kannauj | Pala Empire | Pratihara dynasty Rashtrakuta dynasty | Defeat |
| Pala Conflict with the Tibetans | Pala Empire | Tibetan Empire | Defeat |
| Pala Conquest of Pragjyotisha and Utkala | Pala Empire | Pragjyotisha Utkala | Victory |
| Liberation of the Himalayas (839-848) Location: Tibet | Pala Empire | Tibetan Empire | Victory |
| Devapala's conflict with Nagahbatta II | Pala Empire | Pratihara Dynasty | Victory |
| Devapala's conflict with Ramabhadra | Pala Empire | Pratihara Dynasty | Victory |
| Devapala's conflict with Mihira Bhoja | Pala Empire | Pratihara Dynasty | Victory |
| Chola invasion of Ganges(1019-1021 CE) | Pala Empire | Imperial Cholas | Defeat |
| First Pala-Kalachuri Confrontation (Part of the Pala–Kalachuri Struggle also known as Karna's Invasion of Bengal) | Pala Empire | Kalachuris of Tripuri | Defeat Buddhist Institutions in Bodh Gaya and a considerable amount of church furniture sacked by Karna's troops. |
| Second Pala-Kalachuri Confrontation (Part of the Pala–Kalachuri Struggle also known as Karna's Invasion of Bengal) | Pala Empire | Kalachuris of Tripuri | Victory Army of Karna slaughterd by the army of Nayapala. Treaty established between Nayapala and Karna. |
| Third Pala-Kalachuri Confrontation (Part of the Pala–Kalachuri Struggle also known as Karna's Invasion of Bengal) | Pala Empire | Kalachuris of Tripuri | Victory Karna invades Gauda Karna sues for peace and agrees to give his daughter in marriage to Vigrahapala III. |

## Sena Dynasty (1070–1230)

The Sena/Sen dynasty was a Hindu dynasty during the early medieval period on the Indian subcontinent, that ruled from Bengal through the 11th and 12th centuries. The empire at its peak covered much of the north-eastern region of the Indian subcontinent. The rulers of the Sena Dynasty traced their origin to the south of India.
The Senas began as mercenaries for the Palas and slowly carved their own polity, where they expanded eventually reaching far into Bihar and Uttar Pradesh and completely expelling Pala influence.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Sena Revolution of Bengal (Mid 12th century) Location: Bengal | Sena Dynasty | Pala Empire Varman Dynasty | Victory Annexation of the Varman dynasty and Pala Empire |
| Sena Invasion of Magadha (12th Century) Location: Magadha | Sena Dynasty | Gahadavala dynasty | Victory Gahadavalas driven out of Magadha |
| Sena Invasion of Gaya (12th Century) Location: Magadha | Sena Dynasty | Gahadavala dynasty | Victory Gaya remained under the possession of Lakshmana Sena |
| Sena Raids on Benares and Allahabad (12th Century) Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh | Sena Dynasty | Gahadavala dynasty | Victory Successful raids deep into Gahadavala territory, resulting in the weakening of their power. |
| Ghurid Invasion of Bengal (1202) Location:Bengal | Sena Dynasty | Ghurid Empire | Defeat Annexation of Nadia and plunder of Lakshmanavati Lakshmana Sena retreat. |

## Bengal Sultanate (1338–1576)

Bengal became independent from the Delhi Sultanate in 1338, and remained independent till 1576 (except for brief Mughal and Afghan occupations in the 1540s). During this period, the Bengal Sultanate had its own military, and took part in various wars and armed conflicts.
The Bengal Sultanate had a sphere of influence surrounding the region with vassal states, namely Tripura and Arakan.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Bengali expedition in Nepal (1349–1350) Location: Nepal | Bengal | Nepal | Victory Bengali withdrawal after gaining spoils of war |
| Bengal Sultanate-Kamarupa Kingdom War (c.1300s) Location: Assam | Bengal | Kamarupa Kingdom | Victory Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah becomes the first Muslim ruler to capture Guwahati |
| First Bengali-Orissa Conflict (c. 1350s) Location:Orissa | Bengal | Eastern Ganga dynasty | Victory Subjagation of Orissa and defeat of Bhanudeva IV of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty |
| First Bengal Sultanate-Kamata War (c.1360s) Location: Assam | Bengal | Kamata Kingdom | Victory Sikandar Shah weakens Indranarayan, ruler of the Kamata Kingdom Indranarayana was sufficiently damaged that a Bhuyan from Darrang, Arimatta, was able to usurp power. |
| First Delhite invasion of Bengal (1353–1354) Location: Bengal | Bengal | Delhi Empire | Defeat Delhite occupation of Bengal capital Pandua in the first invasion. |
| Second Delhite invasion of Bengal (1358–1360) Location: Bengal | Bengal | Delhi Empire | Victory Delhite invasion of Bengal repelled |
| Bengal Sultanate–Jaunpur Sultanate War (1415–1420) Location: Bengal | Bengal Timurid Empire Ming China | Jaunpur Sultanate | Victory Raja Ganesha was later removed from power. His son Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah later took the throne and converted to Islam. |
| Restoration of Min Saw Mon (1429) Location: Rakhine | Bengal | Hanthawaddy Kingdom Kingdom of Ava | Victory Kingdom of Mrauk U became a vassal of Bengal Bengal annexation of Arakan |
| Second Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War (1490-1491) Location:Assam | Bengal | Kamata Kingdom | Victory Shamsuddin Muzaffar Shah defeated the Kamata Kingdom He conquered their territory and subsequently issued coins bearing Kamata Mardan. |
| Third Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War (1498) Location: Assam | Bengal | Kamata Kingdom | Victory Overthrow of the Khen dynasty Kamata ruled by Bengal in the early 16th century |
| War against Pratapgarh Kingdom (c. 1500) Location: Assam | Bengal | Pratapgarh Kingdom | Victory |
| Second Bengali - Orissa Conflict (c. 1500) Location:Orissa | Bengal | Gajpati Empire | Victory Alauddin Husain Shah constructed a fort at Mandaran. Defeat of Kapilendra Deva Mandaran recovered |
| Bengali conquest of Chittagong (1512–1516) Location: Chittagong | Bengal | Arakan | Victory Chittagong annexed into Bengal Arakan became a vassal of Bengal |
| Turbak's invasion of Assam (1532-1533) Location: Assam | Bengal | Ahom kingdom | Defeat Initial victories at the Battle of Singiri however Ahom troops withdrew and rallied their troops eventually leading a counter attack causing the retreat of Bengal |
| Suri Interruption and invasion of Bengal (1539–1554) ||||
| Third Bengali-Orissa Conflict (Bengal Sultanate conquest of Orissa) (1568) Location: Orissa | Bengal | Chalukyas Bhoi dynasty Mughal Empire | Victory Orissa annexed to Bengal Sultanate |
| Mughal invasion of Bengal (1572–1576) Location: Bengal | Bengal | Mughal Empire | Defeat Mughal annexation of Bengal Start of the anti-Mughal insurgency in Bengal |

## Baro-Bhuyan Confederacy (1576-1612)

At the end of the Karrani Dynasty (1564–1575), the nobles of Bengal became fiercely independent. Sulaiman Khan Karrani carved out an independent principality in the Bhati region comprising a part of greater Dhaka district and parts of Mymensingh district. During that period Taj Khan Karrani and another Afghan chieftain helped Isa Khan to obtain an estate in Sonargaon and Mymensingh in 1564. By winning the grace of the Afghan chieftain, Isa Khan gradually increased his strength and status and by 1571, the Mughal Court designated him as the ruler of Bhati.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| First Mughal - Baro Bhuyan Conflict (1581) Location: Bengal | Baro-Bhuyan | Mughal Empire | Victory Retreat of Khan Jahan to Tandah where he would die from an illness. |
| Battles of Egarasindur and Bhawal (1584) Location: Bengal | Baro Bhuyan | Mughal Empire | Victory First War against Shahbaz Khan Kamboh Land and sea Battles of Egarasindur and Bhawal were won by Isa Khan |
| Seige of Jangalbari Foirt (1585) Location: Bengal | Baro-Bhuyan | Koch dynasty | Victory Jangalbari Fort occupied and brough under the control of Isa Khan |
| Third Mughal - Baro Bhuyan Conflict (1586) Location: Bengal | Baro-Bhuyan | Mughal Empire | Defeat Second War against Shahbaz Khan Isa Khan gave allegiance to Akbar preventing imminent invasion |
| Second Koch - Baro Bhuyan Conflict (c. 1587) Location: Assam | Baro-Bhuyan | Koch dynasty | Victory Portions of Raghudevs Kingdom captured, including parts of Goalpara. |
| Fourth Mughal - Baro Bhuyan Conflict (1597) Location: Bengal | Baro-Bhuyan | Mughal Empire Koch dynasty | Victory Initial defeat of Isa Khan However Durjan Singh was killed and Mughal and Koch forces were routed or captured. |
| Arakan - Bikrampur Naval War Location: Bay of Bengal | Baro-Bhuyan Kedar Ray of Bikrampur | Arakan | Victory Retreat of the Arakanese from the Bay of Bengal. |
| Battle of Kalindi River Location: Kalindi River | Baro-Bhuyan Kedar Ray of Bikrampur | Mughal Empire | Victory Defeat of Mughal troops. |
| Battle of Srinagar Location: Srinagar, Bengal | Baro-Bhuyan Kedar Ray of Bikrampur | Mughal Empire | Victory Kirmak Khan taken prisoner and half of the Mughal forces fleeing the battlefield. |
| Kalinga-Bikrampur War Location: Kalinga | Baro-Bhuyan Kedar Ray of Bikrampur | Kalinga Isa Khan | Victory Kalinga forces retreated from the battlefield |
| Man Singh of Amber's March on Bikrampur Location: Bikrampur | Baro-Bhuyan Kedar Ray of Bikrampur | Mughal Empire | Defeat Death of Kedar Ray the eventual defeat of the Kingdom. |
| Sixth Mughal - Baro Bhuyan Conflict (1610-11) Location: Bengal | Baro-Bhuyan | Mughal Empire | Defeat Islam Khan subdued Musa Khan of Bengal and the Bhuyans. |

## Bengal Subah (Mughal Bengal) 1576–1717

After the Mughal conquest of Bengal, Bengal became a province of the Empire. The province was expanded after Islam Khan I subdued Musa Khan of Bengal and the other Bhuyans causing the annexation of Bengal and the formation of the Bengal Subah. The province quickly became the wealthiest province of the Mughal Empire and was famously called the "Paradise of Nations" by Aurangzeb.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Siege of Hooghly (1632) Location: Hoogly River, (West) Bengal | Bengal | Portuguese Empire | Victory Capture of the fort and expulsion of the Portuguese. |
| Invasion of Kāmarupa (c. 1637 CE) Location: Assam | Bengal | Ahom kingdom Koch kingdom | Victory Kamarupa re-annexed into Mughal territory. |
| Skirmish at Pipli (1640) Location: Pipli, Bengal | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Victory Danish trade station was taken and burnt to the ground. |
| 1st Bay of Bengal (Loss of the St. Jacob) 1640 Location: Bay of Bengal | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Victory Destruction and seizure of a Danish merchant ship |
| 2nd Bay of Bengal (Capture of the ship The Bengali Prize) 1642 Location: Bay of Bengal (Decleration and beginning of Dano-Bengal/Mughal War) | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Defeat Seizure of the Den Bengalske Prise (The Bengali Prize) |
| 1st Balasore (Expulsion of Danes from Balasore) (1643/1644) Location: Balasore (Bengal Subah) | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Victory Danish factory at Balasore abandoned |
| 3rd Bay of Bengal (Valby Expedition of January 1644) 1644 Location: Bay of Bengal | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Defeat |
| 4th Bay of Bengal (Capture of the St. Michael) 1644 Location: Bay of Bengal | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Defeat Capture of Bengali vessel and renamed as St.Michael |
| 2nd Pipli (Danish rescue mission to Pipli) (Mid 1640s) Location: Pipli, Bengal | Bengal Dutch East India Company | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Defeat Danish comrades set free |
| 2nd Balasore (Battle of Balasore) (1647) Location: Balasore (Bengal Subah) | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India ----------------------------  United Kingdom British East India Company (Supported by Dutch East India Company) | Inconclusive Danes seized one of the Moorish ships with eight elephants at the harbour English tried to convince the Danes Bengalis seized 3-4 English boats and 6-8 smaller vessels in the river English rescued by Dutch |
| Conquest of Chittagong (1665–1666) Location: Chittagong | Bengal Dutch East India Company Portugal | Arakan | Victory Re-annexation of Chittagong into Bengal. |
| Hoogly (Attack in Hooghly) (1671) Location: Hugli-Chuchura, Bengal | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Defeat Danes succeeded in blowing up the Bengali ships |
| Invasion of Assam (1662) Location: Assam | Bengal | Ahom kingdom | Victory Ahom Capital, Garhgaon is taken over. |
| Attack at Simalugarh (c. 1662 CE) Location: Assam | Bengal | Ahom kingdom | Victory The Ahoms had to flee. |
| Dano-Mughal Treaty (1698) (End of the Dano-Bengal/Mughal War) | Bengal | Denmark-Norway Danish India | Stalemate Peace treaty signed ending the 56-year-long Dano-Mughal War. |

## Nawabs of Bengal / Independent Bengal Subah (1717–1765)

In 1717, Murshid Quli Khan, who was the provincial governor of the Mughal province of Bengal, taking advantage of the weakness of the declining Mughal Empire, declared the independence of Bengal and established himself as the Nawab of Bengal. Bengal remained independent until 1764, when the British annexed the region. During this period, Bengal had its own military, and Bengalis served in it.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Annexation of Bihar (1733) Location: Bihar | Nawabs of Bengal | Bihar Subah | Victory Annexation of the Bihar Subah into the territory of the Nawabs of Bengal. |
| Subduing of the Banjara (c.1733 - c.1740) Location: Bihar | Nawabs of Bengal | Banjaras | Victory |
| Subduing of the Bettiah Raj (c.1733 - c.1740) Location: Bihar | Nawabs of Bengal | Bettiah Raj | Victory Raja Dhrub Singh fleed from Bhettiah |
| Subduing of the Tekari Raj (c.1733 - c.1740) Location: Bihar | Nawabs of Bengal | Tekari Raj | Victory Mustafa Khan of the Tekari raj employed as a General of Alivardi Khan |
| Subduing of the Chakwars tribe (c.1733 - c.1740) Location: Bihar | Nawabs of Bengal | Chakwars | Victory Chakwars pay an annual tribute |
| First Battle of Giria (1740) Location: Giria, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal Nasiri Dynasty | Nawabs of Bengal Afshar Dynasty | Dynasty Change Alivardi Khan takes the throne marking the end of the Nasiri Dynasty of Murshid Quli Khan. |
| Battle of Phulwarion (1741) Location: Phulbari, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Governer of Orissa Rustam Jang | Victory Alivardi Khan defeated Rustam Jang, deputy governor of Orissa and a relative of Sarfaraz Khan |
| First Battle of Katwa (1742) Location: Katwa, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory The entire Maratha Army was evacuated out of Bengal The Maratha commander Bhaskar Pant was killed. |
| First Battle of Midnapur (1742) Location: Midnapur, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory The Bengal forces defeated the Maratha forces and they were driven from Orissa beyond the Chilka lake. |
| Battle of Birbhum (1743) Location: Birbhum, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory The Maratha forces evacuated out of Bengal |
| Second Battle of Katwa (1745) Location: Katwa, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory Raghuji Bhonsle was defeated by the Bengali army of Alivardi Khan. |
| Battle at Bhagalpur (1745) Location: Bhagalpur, Bihar | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory |
| 1st Afghan Battle (1745) Location: Bihar (Part of the first Afghan Insurrection or First Afghan Rebellion) | Nawabs of Bengal | Afghans of Bihar Mustafa Khan | Victory Retreat of Afghan troops |
| 2nd Afghan Battle (1745) Location: Bihar (Part of the first Afghan Insurrection or First Afghan Rebellion) | Nawabs of Bengal | Afghans of Bihar Mustafa Khan | Victory Mustafa regroups and forms a stronger army and attacking Patna Zainuddin shot Mustafa Khan killing him instantaneously, thus crushing the Afghan army. |
| Afghan Skirmishes (1746) Location: Bihar (Part of the second Afghan Insurrection or second Afghan Rebellion) | Nawabs of Bengal | Afghans of Bihar | Victory Afghans along with their 6000 men retired to Dharbhanga (Tirhut). |
| Second Battle of Midnapur (1746) Location: Midnapur, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory Mir Jafar won a decisive battle against Mir Habib. |
| Battle of Burdwan (1747) Location: Burdwan, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory Alivardi Khan heavily repulsed and defeated the Marathas. |
| Battle of Rani Sarai (1748) Location, Bihar, Bengal Subah (Part of the third Afghan Insurrection or third Afghan Rebellion) | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy Afghans of Bihar | Victory Alivardi Khan defeated the allied Afghan and Maratha forces. |
| Third Battle of Midnapur (1749) Location: Midnapur, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory |
| Battle of Cuttack (1749) Location: Cuttack, Bengal Subah | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory |
| Seige of Barabati Fort (1749) Location:Barabati fort | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory Orissa recovered Fort surrendered to the Nawab |
| Fourth Battle of Midnapur (1750) Location: Midnapur, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Victory Mir Habib retreats into the Jungle. |
| 4th Afghan Revolt (1750) Location: Bihar, Bengal (Part of the fourth Afghan Insurrection or fourth Afghan Rebellion) | Nawabs of Bengal | Afghans of Bihar | Victory Alivardi subdued the revolt of the Afghans who were trying to separate Bihar from his administration. |
| End of Maratha invasions of Bengal (1751) Location: Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | Maratha Confederacy | Stalemate Military Victory, Political Defeat Peace treaty signed ending the Maratha invasions of Bengal. |
| Battle of Kandarpi Ghat (1753) Location: Kandarpi Ghat, Mithila | Nawabs of Bengal | Khandwala dynasty | Defeat Maharaja Narendra Singh clashed against forces of the Nawabs of Bengal led by Bhikhari Mahtha, an official of Alivardi Khan and emerged victorious. |
| Battle of Manihari (1756) Location: Manihari, Bengal Subah | Nawabs of Bengal Siraj-ud-Daulah | Shaukat Jang | Victory Siraj-ud-Daulah's rebellious cousin, Shakuat Jang is killed |
| Seige of Calcutta (First Anglo-Bengal War) (1756–1757) Location: Kolkata, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | United Kingdom British East India Company | Victory Treaty of Alinagar (Kolkata) |
| Invasion of Nepal (1763) Location: Nepal | Nawabs of Bengal | Nepal | Defeat Defeat and retreat of Mir Qasim |
| Sack of Delhi (1757) Location: Delhi, Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire Bengal Maratha Confederacy | Durrani Empire | Defeat Kashmir, Lahore, Multan, Sirhind, and all territories west of the Indus river are annexed by the Durrani Empire. |
| Battle of Plassey (Second Anglo-Bengal War) (1757) Location: Palashi, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal  France French East India Company | United Kingdom British East India Company | Defeat Significant expansion of British influence over Bengal |
| 1st Battle of Patna (1763) Location: Patna, Bengal Subah | Nawabs of Bengal | United Kingdom British East India Company Mir Jafar (defected to the British) Jagat Seth | Victory British driven out of Patna |
| 2nd Battle of Giria (1763) Location: Giria, Bengal | Nawabs of Bengal | United Kingdom British East India Company | Defeat Nawab Mir Jafar installed on the throne. |
| Third Anglo–Bengal War (Bengal War) (1763–1764) Location: Buxar, Bengal Subah | Nawabs of Bengal Oudh Mughal Empire | United Kingdom British East India Company Kashi Kingdom | Defeat British annexation of Bengal |

## Bengal Presidency (1765–1947)

| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Indian War of Independence (1857–1859) | Indian Sepoys (including Bengali sepoys) Mughal Empire Maratha Empire Gwalior Jhansi Oudh Many other factions | British Empire East India Company Kingdom of Nepal Ajaigarh Alwar Bharathpur Bhopal Bijawar Bikaner Bundi Hyderabad Jaipur Jaora Jodhpur Kapurthala Kashmir Kendujhar Nabha Patiala Rampur Rewa Sirmur Sirohi Udaipur Mysore Travancore | Defeat Direct British annexation of company controlled parts of Indian Subcontinent and rise of British Raj. |

## Tariqah-i-Muhammadiya (1830-1831)

Tariqah-i-Muhammadiya was an Islamic revivalist, reformist and militant movement in the early nineteenth century. It was formed by Titumir and by 1831, there was a political vacuum in large parts of the Parganas, and Titumir capitalized on it, styling himself as the Badshah and having thousands of low-caste Hindu and Muslim peasants among his followers. People loyal to him were installed in official positions — his nephew Ghulam Masum Khan served as the Senapati, Muizz ad-Din as the Wazir etc. — and zamindars were compelled to either submit to his rule or vacate the land-holdings.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Battle of Baduria (1830) Location: Baduria, Bengal | Tariqah-i-Muhammadiya | United Kingdom British East India Company | Victory |
| Siege of Narikelbaria (1830) Location: Narikelbaria, Bengal | Tariqah-i-Muhammadiya | United Kingdom British East India Company | Victory |
| Battle of the Bamboo fort (1831) Location: Narikelbaria, Bengal | Tariqah-i-Muhammadiya | United Kingdom British East India Company | Defeat Death of Titumir and 50 other fellow soldiers and the imprisonment of 800 others |

## East Bengal and East Pakistan (1947–1971)

In 1947, East Bengal became a province of the newly established state of Pakistan, and retained this name till 1955. During this period, Bengalis served in the Pakistani military and took part in various conflicts involving Pakistan.
East Bengal was renamed East Pakistan in 1955, and it became one of the two units of Pakistan under the Pakistani policy of 'One Unit'. East Pakistan remained a part of Pakistan till 1971. During this period, Bengalis continued to serve in the Pakistani military and took part in the wars in which Pakistan participated during this period.
| Conflict | Bengal and allied forces | Opposition forces | Results |
| Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 (1947–1949) | Pakistan East Bengal | India | Ceasefire Division of Kashmir between Pakistan and India UN Ceasefire Line of 1949 (later becomes Line of Control after the Simla Agreement of 1972) |
| Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 (1965) | Pakistan East Pakistan | India | Ceasefire Tashkent Declaration |
| Bangladeshi War of Independence (1971) Location: Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bay of Bengal A Mukti Bahini 3.7 inch howitzer used during the war | Bangladesh  India (3–16 December 1971)  Soviet Union | Pakistan  United States | Victory Independence of Bangladesh |

## See Also

* History of Bengal
* Military history of Bangladesh
* Bangladesh Armed Forces
* History of Bangladesh (1971–present)