OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Magnolia nilagirica

Magnolia nilagirica is a species of plant in the family Magnoliaceae. It is a tree that is threatened by habitat loss, endemic to the Western Ghats of India (including Agastya Mala, the Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary, the Anaimalai and Palni Hills, the Nilgiri mountains, and Baba Budangiri), and also Sri Lanka.

## Description

A large tree; bark is brown with grey highlights and presents a cracked appearance. Leaves measure 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) × 2–4 cm (0.79–1.57 in) and are elliptic with both ends tapering. Flower petals are white, measuring about 7.5–10 cm (3.0–3.9 in) across; sepals measure between 9–12 cm (3.5–4.7 in), narrow at their innermost, and ever broader as they approach the outermost perimeter; carpels are sessile. Fruits measure 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) in length, with many warty yellow follicles each about 1.5 cm (0.59 in) long, containing 1 to 2 scarlet seeds.

## Botanical classification

Magnolia nilagirica was originally described and published under the name Michelia nilagirica (the basionym) by Jonathan Carl Zenker (1799–1837) in Plantae Indicae, quas in montibus … , 2: 21, t. 20. 1836. In 2000 it was reclassified under the genus Magnolia by Richard B. Figlar (In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae, 23. 2000. Guangzhou, China).

## Ecological vulnerability

Due to this tree's excellent wood quality, it is under severe threat of being over-logged. In general, the forests in which it grows are rapidly being harvested, at a faster pace than is needed to allow the forests a chance to regrow; it is estimated that this species in particular has lost 40% of its wild growing population during a period of about 180 years. The IUCN (2015) has determined that no improvements have been implemented to halt this pace of deforestation, and therefore have assessed its status as "vulnerable". IUCN has not determined whether the stands of trees are becoming fragmented from within, or are more or less shrinking in area from the perimeter of their ranges.

## Vernacular names

This tree is known by different common names in various languages of India, as shown below:
* Hindi: pila champa
* Tamil: kattu shanbagam
* Kannada: bana sampige, bili sampige, bilisampage, dodda sampige
* Telugu: tella sampanga
* Sinhala: wanasapu
* Malayalam: kattuchempakam (കാട്ടുചെമ്പകം)
# Fazlollah Reza

Fazlollah Reza (Persian: فضل‌الله رضا; January 1, 1915 – November 19, 2019) was an Iranian scientist, academic, and diplomat known for his pioneering contributions to electrical engineering and information theory. Born in Iran, he pursued higher education in engineering and went on to earn a doctorate in electrical engineering. Reza made significant advancements in the field of network theory and cybernetics, publishing influential research that contributed to the development of modern communication systems. His academic career spanned several prestigious institutions, including the University of Tehran, where he served as a professor, and international universities such as McGill University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Beyond his scientific achievements, Reza played a prominent role in Iran's higher education system, serving as the Chancellor of Sharif University of Technology and the University of Tehran. His leadership helped shape Iran's academic landscape, fostering research and innovation in engineering and technology. Later in his career, he also took on diplomatic responsibilities, representing Iran as its ambassador to Canada and UNESCO. Throughout his lifetime, Reza received numerous honors for his contributions to both academia and international relations, cementing his legacy as a key figure in Iran's scientific and educational history.

## Career

Reza graduated from the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Tehran in 1938, receiving a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. He received a master's and Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Columbia University in 1946 and Polytechnic University of New York (now New York University Tandon School of Engineering) in 1950 respectively. He was a Fellow of the IEEE and AAAS for his contribution to network and information theory. He was an honorary member of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature and wrote and spoke extensively on classical Persian poetry.

## Positions

Reza served as the head of Aryamehr University of Industry (Sharif University of Technology), University of Tehran, Iran's ambassador to Canada and Iran's ambassador to UNESCO. As a professor, he taught at MIT, McGill University, Concordia University, and the University of Tehran.
# Torrelacárcel

Torrelacárcel is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 248 inhabitants.
# George Forrest (Northern Ireland politician)

George Forrest (26 October 1921 – 10 December 1968) was a Northern Irish unionist politician from Tullyhogue Cookstown who served as MP for Mid Ulster in the House of Commons from 1956 until his death. One of twelve children of Joseph and Sarah-Jane Forrest, George Forrest was an auctioneer and publican prior to his election to parliament.

## Political career

Forrest was first elected at the age of 33 in the 1956 Mid Ulster by-election, which was called after two previous Mid-Ulster MPs, Unionist Charles Beattie and Republican Tom Mitchell, had been declared ineligible to sit. Initially elected as an Independent Unionist, Forrest soon joined the Ulster Unionist Party and successfully re-contested the seat at general elections in 1959, 1964 and 1966.
Forrest's maiden speech in 1958 was to introduce a private members' bill, the Merchant Shipping (Liability of Shipowners and Others) Bill 1958, to reduce limitations on a shipowner's liability for damages for loss of life or personal injury. An amended version of the Bill was enacted the same year. In 1964 Forrest introduced the Adoption Act 1964 to align adoption laws in Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, with Great Britain.
Forrest was a prominent supporter of Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Terence O'Neill's liberal policies and became reviled by many of O'Neill's opponents. In 1967 he was pulled off a Twelfth of July platform in Coagh and kicked unconscious by fellow members of the Orange Order who objected to his support for O'Neill.

## Death and by-election

In 1965 Forrest underwent major brain surgery, but he never fully recovered and died in 1968 at the age of 47. He was survived by his wife Anna Forrest, daughters Noreen and Ethne, and son Richard. Terence O'Neill said of Forrest that, "He was a generous and loyal man and brought a down to earth quality of integrity into his career in politics."
The Ulster Unionists selected Forrest's widow Anna as their candidate for the 1969 Mid-Ulster by-election, however she held no public meetings or did any electioneering beyond a brief address to voters. The election was won by civil rights activist Bernadette Devlin.
# Hatamoto Gurentai

Hatamoto Gurentai (Japanese: 旗本愚連隊, "Hatamoto's Fools") is a 1961 Japanese jidaigeki film written by Daisuke Ito and directed by Seiichi Fukuda. Hatamoto Gurentai was adapted from the novel Okubo Hikozaemon written by Genzō Murakami. Masakazu Tamura made his acting debut in the film.

## Cast

* Source:
* Takahiro Tamura as Imamura Samon
* Masahiko Tsugawa as Nagasaka
* Miyuki Kuwano
* Hiroshi Nawa
* Masakazu Tamura as Mori Takehichi
* Toru Yuri
* Junzaburo Ban
# Iyās ibn Abī al-Bukayr

Iyās ibn Abī al-Bukayr ibn ʿAbd Yā Lail al-Laythī (Arabic: إياس بن أبي البكير بن عبد يا ليل الليثي, c.??? - 34 AH) was an early sahabi (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He participated on the Battle of Badr, the Islamic Conquest of Egypt and other battles.

## Lineage

His lineage is: Iyās ibn Abī al-Bukayr ibn ʿAbd Yā Lail ibn Nāshib ibn Ghayrah ibn Saʿd ibn Layth ibn Bukayr ibn ʿAbd Munāf ibn Kinānah al-Laythī

## Biography

He was from the early converts of Islam where he pledged allegiance in the house of Arqam alongside his brothers ʿĀmir, Āqil, and Khālid.
Ibn Sa'd said that Muhammad made Iyās brothers, in a sense of friendship, with al-Ḥārith ibn Khuzaymah.
He participated in several battles such as the Battle of Badr, the Islamic Conquest of Egypt and other battles.
He died on the year 34 AH (654 CE).
# Seregovo mine

The Seregovo is a large salt mine located in north-western Russia in Komi Republic. Seregovo represents one of the largest salt reserves in Russia having estimated reserves of 5 billion tonnes of NaCl.
# Crezane Bosch

Crezane Bosch (born 7 May 1982) is a South African politician who is a Democratic Alliance Member of the Gauteng Provincial Legislature for the Seventh Legislature. Prior to her election to the provincial legislature, she was a Tshwane councillor. In 2023 became the regional chairperson of the Democratic Alliance in Gauteng North, Tshwane.

## Education

Bosch has a diploma in call centre and marketing management from Damelin and a certificate in public relations management from the Public Relations Institute of Southern Africa. She also holds a paralegal studies certificate in wills, estate and conveyancing and has qualifications in community profiling, business presentation and public speaking which she obtained from the University of Pretoria. Bosch also earned a certificate in employee assistance and wellness Programmes from UP. She is currently studying towards an LLB with the University of South Africa.

## Political career

Bosch's career in politics began in 2006 when she became a Democratic Alliance activist and the chairperson of the DA's ward 5 branch in Tshwane (Pretoria). She was then employed as a full-time staff member of the DA and as the Constituency Operations Manager in 2007. In 2009, Bosch was named as the Regional Operations Manager of the DA's Gauteng East Region.
Bosch was elected as a Tshwane councillor in the 2011 municipal elections. She was re-elected in 2016. In 2017, she was appointed deputy chief whip of the DA caucus in Tshwane.
In October 2017, Bosch was elected the DA's regional chairperson of elections and by-elections in Tshwane.
Bosch was nominated to the Gauteng Provincial Legislature following the 2019 Gauteng provincial election, as she was 12th on the party's list and the party won 20 seats. Bosch was sworn in as a member of the provincial legislature on 22 May 2019. She received her committee assignments on 13 June. She serves on both the Social Development Portfolio Committee and the Sports, Arts, Culture and Recreation Committee.

## Personal life

Bosch has a daughter.
# Juan Zevallos

Juan José Zevallos Uriarte (born 7 July 1990) is a Peruvian footballer who plays as a full back. He currently plays for José Gálvez FBC.

## Club career

He started his career out with Segunda División Peruana side América Cochahuayco in 2006.
In 2007, he returned to Universitario de Deportes but did not manage to make a league appearance in the Descentralizado.
Then in 2008 he joined Chiclayo based club Juan Aurich. His debut in the Torneo Descentralizado was in Round 6 of the 2008 season at home against Sport Áncash. He played the entire match and helped his side win the match 3–0 at the Elías Aguirre Stadium.
# Drew Rom

Drew Michael Rom (born December 15, 1999) is an American professional baseball pitcher in the St. Louis Cardinals organization. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals. The Baltimore Orioles selected him in the fourth round of the 2018 MLB draft.

## Amateur career

Rom attended Highlands High School in Fort Thomas, Kentucky. In 2018, as a senior, he had a 9–6 win–loss record, a 2.27 earned run average (ERA), and 129 strikeouts for the baseball team and was named Kentucky's Mr. Baseball. The Baltimore Orioles selected Rom in the fourth round, with the 115th overall pick, of the 2018 Major League Baseball draft. He signed for $650,000, forgoing his commitment to play college baseball at the University of Michigan.

## Professional career
### Baltimore Orioles

After signing, Rom made his professional debut with the Rookie-level Gulf Coast League Orioles, posting a 1.76 ERA over 30+2⁄3 innings. In 2019, he played with the Delmarva Shorebirds of the Single-A South Atlantic League, earning All-Star honors while appearing in 21 games (making 15 starts) and pitching to a 6–3 record, a 2.93 ERA and 122 strikeouts over 95+1⁄3 innings. He did not play a game in 2020 due to the cancellation of the minor league season because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Rom began the 2021 season with the Aberdeen IronBirds of the High-A East and was promoted to the Bowie Baysox of the Double-A Northeast in late July. Over 23 games (twenty starts) between the two clubs, Rom went 11–1 with a 3.18 ERA and 120 strikeouts over 107+2⁄3 innings. He returned to Bowie to begin the 2022 season. After five starts, he was placed on the injured list, and was activated less than a month later. In mid-August, he was promoted to the Norfolk Tides of the Triple-A International League. Over 26 games (25 starts) between the two teams, he posted an 8–3 record with a 4.43 ERA and 144 strikeouts over 120 innings.
On November 15, 2022, the Orioles selected Rom's contract and added him to the 40-man roster to protect him from the Rule 5 draft. Rom was optioned to Triple-A Norfolk to begin the 2023 season. In six starts for the Tides, Rom registered a 4–1 record and 2.87 ERA with 32 strikeouts in 31+1⁄3 innings pitched.
On May 9, 2023, Rom was promoted to the major leagues for the first time. Rom did not appear in a game for the Orioles during their series against the Tampa Bay Rays, and was optioned down to Triple-A Norfolk on May 11, becoming a phantom ballplayer.

### St. Louis Cardinals

On August 1, 2023, the Orioles traded Rom, César Prieto, and Zack Showalter to the St. Louis Cardinals in exchange for pitcher Jack Flaherty. In 8 starts for the Cardinals, he struggled to a 1–4 record and 8.02 ERA with 32 strikeouts across 33+2⁄3 innings.
Rom began the 2024 season on the injured list due to a biceps injury. He was transferred to the 60–day injured list on April 30, 2024. On May 9, it was announced that Rom had undergone arthroscopic surgery on his left shoulder. On November 19, Rom was removed from the 40–man roster and sent outright to the Triple–A Memphis Redbirds.
# Rodziah Ismail

Rodziah binti Ismail (born 8 July 1964) is a Malaysian politician who has served the Member of Parliament (MP) for Ampang since November 2022. She served as Member of the Selangor State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) and Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administrations under Menteris Besar Khalid Ibrahim, Azmin Ali and Amirudin Shari from March 2008 to her resignation in August 2014 and again from May 2018 to August 2023 as well as Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Batu Tiga from March 2008 to August 2023. She is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of PH and formerly PR coalitions.

## Election results

Parliament of Malaysia :
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | Sasha Lyna Abdul Latif (BERSATU) | 27,073 | 25.92% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | Ivone Low Yi Wen (MCA) | 11,509 | 11.02% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | Zuraida Kamaruddin (PBM) | 4,589 | 4.39% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | Nurul Ashikin Mabahwi (PEJUANG) | 2,653 | 2.54% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | Bryan Lai Wai Chong (WARISAN) | 1,423 | 1.36% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | Muhammad Syafiq Izwan Mohd Yunos (IND) | 188 | 0.18% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | M Raven (IND) | 148 | 0.14% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
| 2022 | P099 Ampang | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 56,754 | 54.35% | Tan Hua Meng (IND) | 93 | 0.09% | 104,432 | 29,681 | 78.23% |
Selangor State Legislative Assembly :
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout |
| 2008 | N41 Batu Tiga | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 15,852 | 56.33% | Salamon Selamat (UMNO) | 12,289 | 43.67% | 28,526 | 3,563 | 77.32% |
| 2013 | N41 Batu Tiga | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 21,284 | 54.73% | Ahmad Nawawi M. Zin (UMNO) | 17,479 | 44.95% | 33,390 | 3,805 | 87.52% |
| 2013 | N41 Batu Tiga | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 21,284 | 54.73% | Mohd Uzi Che Hussein (IND) | 124 | 0.32% | 33,390 | 3,805 | 87.52% |
| 2018 | N41 Batu Tiga | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 27,638 | 58.24% | Ahmad Mua'adzam Shah Ya'akop (UMNO) | 12,022 | 25.33% | 47,943 | 15,616 | 87.12% |
| 2018 | N41 Batu Tiga | Rodziah Ismail (PKR) | 27,638 | 58.24% | Abdul Halim Omar (PAS) | 7,793 | 16.42% | 47,943 | 15,616 | 87.12% |

## Honours

* Malaysia :
** Recipient of the 17th Yang di-Pertuan Agong Installation Medal (2024)
# Hard-Boiled Haggerty (film)

Hard-Boiled Haggerty (aka Hard Boiled Haggerty) is a 1927 American silent war film directed by Charles Brabin. The film stars Milton Sills and Molly O'Day, taking on two roles as both the character Germaine and her look-alike sister. Hard-Boiled Haggerty was one of the first American films to portray aerial combat in World War I.

## Plot

After bringing down yet another German pilot and escaping uninjured from his burning aircraft, Haggerty (Milton Sills) and his buddy, aircraft machinist Klaxon (Arthur Stone), head for Paris, albeit without an official leave of absence. In escaping from M.P.'s, Haggerty takes refuge in a room occupied by Germaine Benoit (Molly O'Day). Love soon springs up, and Haggerty decides to reform, returning to Major Cotton (Mitchell Lewis) with this resolution. He is unprepared, however, to be awarded a medal for his actions as a fighter pilot.
Major Cotton, when introduced to Germaine at the officers' ball, recognizes her as "Go-Go" (Molly O'Day), a notorious cabaret dancer, and tries to tell Haggerty who she really is. Haggerty angrily knocks him down, and they are both arrested. At the trial, the major tells his story and Germaine confesses. After the Armistice, it develops that Go-Go is actually Germaine's sister, and that Germaine was trying to protect her. The two lovers Germaine and Haggerty are finally reunited.

## Cast

* Milton Sills as Hard-Boiled Haggerty
* Molly O'Day as Germaine Benoit / "Go-Go" Benoit
* Mitchell Lewis as Major Cotton
* Arthur Stone as Klaxon, the mechanic
* George Fawcett as Brigadier-General
* Yola d'Avril as Cafe dancer

## Production

Hard-Boiled Haggerty was based on a story by former World War I pilot Elliot White Springs, but was more of a romantic comedy than an aviation film. Nevertheless, a number of aircraft were used in the production: Travel Air 4000, Travel Air 4000, Fokker D.VII and Thomas Morse S-4C.

## Reception

Aviation film historian James Farmer considered Hard-Boiled Haggerty, although one of the first films to depict the aerial conflicts of World War I, as light weight fare. Aviation film historian Stephen Pendo noted that more action took place on the ground than in the air.
# Islamia graeca

Islamia graeca is a species of small freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Hydrobiidae.

## Geographic distribution

I. graeca is endemic to Greece, where it is restricted to Lake Amvrakia, a small, deep, oligotrophic lake in the south Adriatic-Ionian region of the country.

## Conservation status

This species is classified by the IUCN as critically endangered and possibly extinct. Recent surveys have failed to find any specimens and the sublittoral zone, which was the species original habitat, is almost completely terrestrial nowadays, as a result of over-extraction of water from Lake Amvrakia; however, there remains a possibility that the species may survive in a small remnant of lake shore.
# Meloni

Meloni is an Italian surname.
Most commonly this refers to:
* Giorgia Meloni (born 1977), Italian politician and current Prime Minister of Italy
* Christopher Meloni (born 1961), American actor
Notable people with the name also include:

## People
### Arts and entertainment

* Christopher Meloni (born 1961), American actor
* Claude Méloni (born 1940), French baritone
* Marco Meloni, Italian Renaissance painter
* Roberto Meloni (singer) (born 1977), Italian singer

### Politics

* Assunta Meloni (born 1951), Sammarinese politician
* Giorgia Meloni (born 1977), Italian politician and current Prime Minister of Italy

### Sport

* Eugenio Meloni (born 1994), Italian athlete, high jump specialist
* Franco Meloni, Italian racing driver
* Giordano Meloni (born 1983), Italian footballer (plays for Flaminia Civita Castellana)
* Marcus Meloni (born 2000), Brazilian footballer (plays for Sharjah)
* Roberto Meloni (born 1981), Italian judoka
# Α-Methylstyrene

α-Methylstyrene (AMS) is an organic compound with the formula C$_6$H$_5$C(CH$_3$)=CH$_2$. It is a colorless oil.

## Synthesis and reactions

AMS is formed as a by-product of the cumene process. In this procedure, cumene is converted to its radical, through a reaction with oxygen.
Normally these cumene radicals are converted to cumene hydroperoxide, however they can also undergo radical disproportionation to form AMS.
Although this is only a minor side reaction, the cumene process is run at such a large scale that the recovery of AMS is commercially viable and satisfies much of the global demand. AMS can also be produced by dehydrogenation of cumene.
The homopolymer obtained from this monomer, poly(α-methylstyrene), is unstable, being characterized by a low ceiling temperature of 65°C.

## Side effects in humans

The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (2009) defined occupational exposure limits of 10 ppm for airborne concentrations of α-methylstyrene based on allergic reactions and effects on the central nervous system.