# Japan national rugby union team

The Japan national rugby union team, also known as the Cherry Blossoms, the Brave Blossoms (Japanese: ブレイブ・ブロッサムズ, romanized: Bureibu burossamuzu), or simply Sakura, represents Japan in men's international rugby union. Japan is traditionally the strongest rugby union power in Asia and has enjoyed and endured mixed results against non-Asian teams over the years. Rugby union in Japan is administered by the Japan Rugby Football Union (JRFU), which was founded in 1926. They compete annually in the Pacific Nations Cup (PNC) and previously in the Asia Rugby Championship (ARC). They have also participated in every Rugby World Cup (RWC) since the tournament began in 1987, and hosted the event in 2019.
Rugby was first played in Japan's treaty ports as early as 1866. Popular participation by local university teams was established in 1899 and Japan's first recorded international match was a match against a Canadian team in 1932. Notable games for Japan include a victory over the Junior All Blacks in 1968, and a narrow 6–3 loss to England in 1971. Famous wins by Japan include a 28–24 victory over a Scotland XV in 1989 and a 23–8 victory over Wales in 2013. In 2011, Japan displayed its progress by winning the 2011 IRB Pacific Nations Cup, played against Fiji, Samoa and Tonga. Further progress was displayed in 2014 when Japan completed a string of ten consecutive test wins (a record for a tier 2 team) to rank in the world's top 10 teams. This continued into 2015 where they produced the first of their three biggest upsets when, in a Rugby World Cup pool match against South Africa, they won 34–32.
In the years between, Japan faced quality opposition, playing relatively well with solid results including a tie against France, and a narrow loss to Wales at Cardiff. Their second shock win was a 19–12 defeat of world number-two ranked Ireland in a 2019 Rugby World Cup pool game. Emerging undefeated from the tournament's pool stage after a 28–21 victory over Scotland, Japan made their first-ever World Cup quarter-final appearance, going down 3–26 to eventual world champions South Africa.

## History

The first recorded instance of a team being established and rugby being played in Japan was in 1866 with the founding of the Yokohama Foot Ball Club. Games, mainly between service personnel, were played on the Garrison Parade Ground in Yamate, Yokohama. In 1874 records also illustrate British sailors staging a game in Yokohama. Other games were played at other treaty ports such as Kobe between teams of long-term foreign residents and visiting ships' crews and garrisons, but they rarely involved Japanese players. The date of local Japanese participation in the sport is most frequently cited as 1899, when students at Keio University were introduced to the game by Professor Edward Bramwell Clarke and Ginnosuke Tanaka both graduates of Cambridge University.
The formation of a national team and effectively Japan's first international match took place in Osaka on 31 January 1932 when a trade delegation from Canada to Japan supported an overseas tour by the Canada national rugby union team. The Japanese won this first match 9–8. In a second test match in Tokyo 11 days later again the Japanese side beat the Canadians 38–5.
Japan beat the Junior All Blacks 23–19 in 1968 after losing the first four matches on a tour of New Zealand, but they won the last five. The Japanese (coached by Tetsunosuke Onishi, a professor of Waseda University) lost by just 3–6 to England in Tokyo on 29 September 1971 in the RFU's centenary year. The 1973 Japan rugby union tour of Wales, England and France was less successful with the side winning only two of their eleven matches, and losing the international matches against Wales and France. Ten years later Japan gave Wales a fright in losing by a slim five-point margin, 24–29, at Cardiff Arms Park on 2 October 1983.
On 28 May 1989, a strong Japan coached by Hiroaki Shukuzawa defeated an uncapped Scotland, missing nine British Lions on tour in Australia, for the first time at Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium, 28–24. The Japan team included such Kobe Steel stalwarts as centre Seiji Hirao (captain), and locks Atsushi Oyagi and Toshiyuki Hayashi (38 Japan caps and a member of Oxford University's all-time best XV). Sinali Latu at No. 8 was then a fourth year student at Daito Bunka University, and speedy Yoshihito Yoshida on the wing (no. 14) was a third year at Meiji University. Scotland missed an incredible seven penalties and refused the kicking tee which was generously offered – as a surviving video of the game shows. It was almost the same Japanese team which defeated Zimbabwe in RWC1991.

### Under Shogo Mukai (2001–2003)

After Hirao resigned, Toshiba Brave Lupus coach Shogo Mukai was appointed in March 2001 to lead Japan up to the 2003 Rugby World Cup. After mixed fortunes in his first two years in charge, Japan put in some impressive performances at the tournament with good efforts against Scotland and France, nevertheless they still left the tournament having failed to reach their target of winning some matches but still won admirers for their exciting brand of play. Mukai left his post after the tournament to spend more time with his family.

### Under Mitsutake Hagimoto (2004–2005)

After Shogo Mukai left after the 2003 Rugby World Cup, the JRFU initially tried to appoint Eddie Jones from his post with Australia but were unsuccessful and instead appointed Mitsutake Hagimoto in March 2004 after he won the inaugural Top League with the Kobelco Steelers. Under Hagimoto, Japan decided they would not select foreign born players after Mukai had been criticised for playing too many at the World Cup.
Hagimoto's first match in charge was a disappointing draw with Korea, but his first few matches in charge after that were promising with wins over Russia and Canada to win the Super Powers Cup and pushed Italy close losing 32–19.
However, in November 2004, Japan went on a disastrous tour to Europe where they were embarrassingly thrashed 100–8 by Scotland and 98–0 by Wales and also were comfortably defeated by Romania. Japan's performances were described as "pathetic", and the squad was called "a joke" with some key players ignored or not given permission to travel.
This disastrous tour forced a rethink from Hagimoto and foreign born players were brought back into the side in 2005, but after losing twice to Ireland in June he was sacked and with just 5 wins from 15 matches was the least successful coach for Japan in the professional era.

### Under Jean-Pierre Élissalde (2005–2006)

After Hagimoto left his post at the end of June 2005, Jean-Pierre Élissalde who had been appointed backs coach three months earlier took full charge and became the first foreigner to be the head coach for Japan. His first match in charge was a 44–29 win over Spain in November 2005.
In 2006, despite a disappointing campaign in the inaugural Pacific Nations Cup in June where Japan lost all their matches, and also lost to heavily to Italy 52–6, Élissalde was backed to lead the side to the 2007 Rugby World Cup. But Élissalde was later sacked in September after he took on a job with Bayonne without consulting the JRFU and then refused to give up his job with them. Assistant coach Osamu Ota took over as caretaker coach for two Rugby World Cup qualifiers in November 2006.

### Under John Kirwan (2007–2011)

John Kirwan was appointed head coach on in October 2006 after Elissalde was sacked. He initially worked as an advisor to caretaker coach Osamu Ota before taking over the job completely in 2007.
After starting with large wins over the Asian opposition, Japan only won one of their remaining 10 fixtures in 2007, although in the 2007 Rugby World Cup they did gain a draw with a last minute touchline conversion from Shotaro Onishi against Canada to end a long losing streak of World Cup matches stretching back to 1991.
Results began to pick up after the 2007 World Cup and Kirwan led Japan up to a high of 13th in the IRB Rankings and to win their first ever Pacific Nations Cup title in 2011 after they beat Fiji away for the first ever time in Japan's history.
However, despite more positive results in between World Cups, Japan had a disappointing 2011 Rugby World Cup, losing 31–18 to Tonga who they had beaten four times in a row since 2008, and drawing again to Canada who they had beaten 46–8 and 27–6 in 2009, and Japan left the World Cup winless meaning they still had not won a match at the tournament since 1991. Kirwan came under pressure after the tournament and he resigned from his post after his contract came to the end at the end of the year.
The tenure of Kirwan as coach was notable for a large number of imports he selected. Players who originated from New Zealand such as James Arlidge, Bryce Robins, Shaun Webb, Ryan Nicholas, Luke Thompson or Tonga such as Alisi Tupuailei and Sione Vatuvei all featured prominently under Kirwan. The large percentage of foreigners in the national team also caused criticism for Kirwan. However, despite failing to bring Japan a World Cup win, Kirwan left his post as the most successful Japan coach of the professional era with a win rate of 58.18% from 55 matches.

### Under Eddie Jones (2012–2015)

Kirwan chose not to renew his contract as head coach when it expired at the end of 2011, and the Japan Rugby Football Union announced that former Australia coach Eddie Jones would be his successor. Jones stated that his intention was to take the Japanese national team into the top 10 on the international rankings, and that they must develop a style of play to allow them to win games against teams such as Scotland.
Jones made his debut as Japan head coach against Kazakhstan. He had selected a total of 10 uncapped players out of the 22 selected players. They went on to win the match 87–0. They then had a big win over United Arab Emirates where young 18-year-old Yoshikazu Fujita set a new Asian Five Nations record for the most tries in a single match with a total of 6. This was also Fujita's international debut.
In 2013, Jones led Japan to their sixth consecutive championship win in the Asian Five Nations, where Japan achieved a tournament record score of 121–0 against the Philippines. In May, the nation lost their opening match of the 2013 IRB Pacific Nations Cup to Tonga, followed by a defeat to Fiji in the second round. Following these matches, Japan faced a 2-test series against Wales. Japan lost narrowly, 18–22, in the first test, but won the second test 23–8, and the series ended in a 1–1 draw. This was the first time that Japan had recorded a victory over the Welsh.
On 16 October 2013, Jones was hospitalised after having a suspected stroke and was released from hospital 2 days later on 18 October 2013. After his release from hospital, it was announced that Jones would miss Japan's 2013 end-of-year rugby union tests against New Zealand, Scotland, Gloucester, Russia and Spain, and former Australia skills coach and current technical adviser for Japan Scott Wisemantel would interim coach Japan for their 2013 end-of-year rugby union tests.
On 19 September 2015, Japan stunned South Africa by a last minute try from Karne Hesketh to win 34–32 in their opening group pool game at the 2015 Rugby World Cup in Brighton, England. BBC reported the win as "arguably the biggest upset in rugby union history". In 2015, Japan became the first team in World Cup history to win three pool games but still be eliminated at the group stage, due to their heavy loss to Scotland.

### Under Jamie Joseph (2016–2023)

Jamie Joseph, former coach of New Zealand's Highlanders Super Rugby team and the Māori All Blacks, took over as head coach for Japan (and the Sunwolves Super Rugby team) in 2016. In the 2017 Asia Rugby Championship, Japan sealed their twelfth consecutive Asia Rugby Championship, winning all four games. They went on to defeat Romania 33–21 in the 2017 June rugby union tests, but lost to Ireland 2–0, during their first test series since 2005, losing the first test 50–22 and the second 35–13. In November 2017, Joseph led his side to a single win and a draw in four games. They started their End-of-year series with two consecutive home losses, a 27–47 loss to a World XV side and a 30–63 loss to Australia. Japan's first win came against Tonga 39–6 in Toulouse, France, before going on to draw with France 23–23, which was the first time that these two nations had drawn with one another.
During the 2018 June tests, Joseph led Japan to a 1–all series draw with Italy, winning the first test 34–17, and losing the second 25–22. The team then beat Georgia 28–0 at the Toyota Stadium.
In 2019, Japan won the Pacific Nations Cup with wins against Fiji, Tonga and the United States, with no losses.
Japan hosted the Rugby World Cup in 2019, and the team repeated their feat of a shock win in Brighton at the 2015 World Cup, this time beating world No. 2-ranked Ireland 19–12 at Shizuoka Stadium in Fukuroi, Shizuoka They reached the quarter-finals for the first time in the team's history after beating Scotland 28–21 at the International Stadium Yokohama in Yokohama that was battered by Typhoon Hagibis only the night before.

## Kits

Japan traditionally plays with white and red hooped shirts (with white collar and cuffs) with a Sakura embroidered on the chest, paired with white shorts and white socks with red splashes. Between 2003 and 2011, the shirt was predominantly red with two white parallel hoops on the chest with white accents, sometimes with black or navy socks and shorts.
Since its first test against Canada in 1930, Japan played with the traditional hooped red and white shirts, the emblem on the shirt originally depicted the Sakura as "bud, half-open and full-bloomed". The current version of the emblem, depicting three full-bloomed Sakura, was dated 1952, when Japan played against Oxford University XV at Hanazono, Higashi-Osaka, on 1 October 1952.
On 4 July 2019 the Japan Rugby Football Union on Thursday unveiled the national team's jersey for this year's Rugby World Cup, the shirt featuring a samurai helmet motif representing the tradition of Japan's warrior spirit. The combination of Samurai and Sakura (Cherry Blossom) has long been linked in Japanese culture.
The away kit usually consist of a navy blue uniform, white or navy shorts and navy blue socks, sometimes with white collar or panels, or black. The kit supplier since 1997 is Canterbury. Before that, the kits were manufactured by Japanese company Sceptre between 1987 and 1995 and in 1982, by Suzuki Sports. Currently, the jersey sponsors are Lipovitan D (in the front) and Toshiba (in the back). Previously, between 1997 and 2001, the shirt sponsor was Japan Telecom.

### Kit suppliers

| Period | Kit manufacturer |
| 1982 | Suzuki Sports |
| 1987–1995 | Sceptre |
| 1997–present | Canterbury |

### Home kit

| 1960s–2002 | 2003–2006 | 2007–2009 | 2011–2014 |
| 2015–2018 | 2019–2023 | 2023–present |

### Away kit

| 1960s–2002 | 2003–2006 | 2007–2009 | 2011–2014 |
| 2015–2018 | 2019–2023 | 2023–present |

## List of matches
### Wins against Tier 1 nations

Additionally, Japan tied France 23–23 in Paris, 25 November 2017.
* Official Japan Schedules
* Official Japan Results

### Overall

Men's World Rugby Rankingsvte Top 20 as of 24 February 2025 :
| Rank | Team | Points |
| 1 | South Africa | 092.78 |
| 2 | Ireland | 091.36 |
| 3 | New Zealand | 090.36 |
| 4 | France | 087.86 |
| 5 | Argentina | 084.97 |
| 6 | England | 084.26 |
| 7 | Scotland | 082.36 |
| 8 | Australia | 081.52 |
| 9 | Fiji | 080.07 |
| 10 | Italy | 078.00 |
| 11 | Georgia | 074.69 |
| 12 | Wales | 073.75 |
| 13 | Japan | 072.95 |
| 14 | Samoa | 072.68 |
| 15 | Portugal | 070.04 |
| 16 | United States | 070.02 |
| 17 | Uruguay | 067.06 |
| 18 | Spain | 065.60 |
| 19 | Tonga | 065.46 |
| 20 | Romania | 062.76 |
| 21 | Chile | 061.72 |
| 22 | Hong Kong | 059.49 |
| 23 | Canada | 059.18 |
| 24 | Netherlands | 059.16 |
| 25 | Namibia | 057.87 |
| 26 | Zimbabwe | 057.16 |
| 27 | Belgium | 057.10 |
| 28 | Brazil | 056.53 |
| 29 | Switzerland | 054.98 |
| 30 | Sweden | 054.10 |
* ↑ Change from the previous week
Japan's historical rankings :
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
See or edit source data. :
Below is table of the representative rugby matches played by a Japan national XV to 10 December 2024.
| Opponent | Played | Won | Lost | Drawn | Win % | For | Aga | Diff |
| Arabian Gulf | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 256 | 20 | +236 |
| Argentina | 7 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 16.67% | 186 | 298 | −112 |
| Australia | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0.0% | 111 | 315 | −204 |
| Australia A | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0.0% | 51 | 242 | −191 |
| Australian Universities | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 33.3% | 60 | 90 | −30 |
| Emerging Wallabies | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 50.0% | 41 | 39 | +2 |
| British & Irish Lions | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% | 10 | 28 | -18 |
| Canada | 26 | 16 | 8 | 2 | 61.54% | 667 | 609 | +58 |
| British Columbia Bears | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 33.3% | 103 | 82 | +21 |
| Chile | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 42 | 12 | +30 |
| England | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0.0% | 78 | 292 | −214 |
| England XV | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0.0% | 71 | 131 | −60 |
| England Saxons | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0.0% | 35 | 147 | −112 |
| England Students | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 43 | −43 |
| England Under-23's | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.0% | 25 | 77 | −52 |
| Cambridge University | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 25.0% | 52 | 110 | −58 |
| Oxford University | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0.0% | 28 | 130 | −102 |
| Oxford and Cambridge | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0.0% | 30 | 113 | −83 |
| Fiji | 20 | 4 | 16 | 0 | 20% | 375 | 564 | −189 |
| France | 8 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0.0% | 158 | 300 | −142 |
| France XV | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0.0% | 31 | 272 | −241 |
| Georgia | 7 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 71.43% | 173 | 121 | +52 |
| Hong Kong | 29 | 24 | 4 | 1 | 82.8% | 1175 | 370 | +805 |
| Ireland | 10 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 10% | 173 | 447 | −274 |
| Ireland XV | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.0% | 28 | 81 | −53 |
| Ireland Students | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% | 12 | 24 | −12 |
| Italy | 10 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 20% | 181 | 325 | −144 |
| Kazakhstan | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 418 | 23 | +395 |
| South Korea | 36 | 29 | 6 | 1 | 80.1% | 1614 | 517 | +1097 |
| Netherlands | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% | 13 | 15 | −2 |
| New Zealand | 6 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0.0% | 111 | 453 | −342 |
| New Zealand XV | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.0% | 4 | 180 | −176 |
| Junior All Blacks | 8 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 12.5% | 98 | 337 | −239 |
| Māori | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% | 22 | 65 | −43 |
| New Zealand Universities | 15 | 2 | 11 | 2 | 13.3% | 221 | 417 | −196 |
| Philippines | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 220 | 10 | +210 |
| Portugal | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 38 | 25 | +13 |
| Queensland Reds | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% | 6 | 42 | −36 |
| Romania | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 83.3% | 152 | 119 | +33 |
| Russia | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 83.3% | 299 | 127 | +172 |
| Samoa | 19 | 7 | 12 | 0 | 36.84% | 410 | 574 | −164 |
| Scotland | 9 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 11.1% | 132 | 363 | −231 |
| Scotland XV | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 25.0% | 64 | 165 | −101 |
| Singapore | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 45 | 15 | +30 |
| South Africa | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 33.3% | 44 | 99 | −55 |
| Spain | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 114 | 43 | +71 |
| Sri Lanka | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 266 | 29 | +237 |
| Thailand | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 42 | 11 | +31 |
| Tonga | 19 | 10 | 9 | 0 | 52.63% | 480 | 469 | +11 |
| United Arab Emirates | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 310 | 6 | +304 |
| United States | 25 | 11 | 13 | 1 | 44% | 601 | 699 | −98 |
| Uruguay | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 83.33% | 201 | 74 | +127 |
| Wales | 10 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 10.0% | 159 | 526 | −367 |
| Wales XV | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0.0% | 56 | 229 | −173 |
| Welsh Clubs | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% | 9 | 63 | −54 |
| Zimbabwe | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.0% | 52 | 8 | +44 |
| Total | 386 | 163 | 212 | 11 | 42.23% | 10,352 | 10,985 | −633 |

## Coaches

As of 21 September 2024
| Name | Years | Tests | Won | Lost | Draw | Win % |
| Shigeru Kayama | 1930−1934 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 60.0% |
| Chuji Kitajima | 1936, 1956 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0.0% |
| Takenosuke Okumura | 1952−1953 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0.0% |
| Kozo Nishino | 1958 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0.0% |
| Tomoo Chiba | 1959 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.0% |
| Masao Wada | 1959 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.0% |
| Yasujiro Kasai | 1963 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| Tetsunosuke Onishi | 1966−1971 | 12 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 33.3% |
| Hitoshi Oka | 1972, 1975, 1985−1986 | 16 | 3 | 12 | 1 | 18.8% |
| Akira Yokoi | 1972, 1976, 1978−1979 | 9 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 11.1% |
| Ryo Saito | 1974, 1976−1978, 1980−1981 | 15 | 3 | 11 | 1 | 20.0% |
| Hiroshi Hibino | 1976, 1982−1984, 1987−1988 | 17 | 4 | 13 | 0 | 23.5% |
| Katsumi Miyaji | 1978, 1984, 1987 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 40.0% |
| Ryozo Imazato | 1979 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.0% |
| Iwao Yamamoto | 1980, 1982, 1996 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 50.0% |
| Hiroaki Shukuzawa | 1989−1991 | 14 | 5 | 9 | 0 | 35.7% |
| Osamu Koyabu | 1992−1995 | 14 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 42.9% |
| Seiji Hirao | 1997−2000 | 33 | 13 | 20 | 0 | 39.4% |
| Shogo Mukai | 2001−2003 | 24 | 9 | 15 | 0 | 37.5% |
| Mitsutake Hagimoto | 2004−2005 | 15 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 33.3% |
| Jean-Pierre Élissalde | 2005−2006 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 44.4% |
| Osamu Ota | 2006 (Caretaker) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| John Kirwan | 2007−2011 | 55 | 31 | 22 | 2 | 56.4% |
| Eddie Jones | 2012−2015 | 44 | 33 | 11 | 0 | 75.0% |
| Scott Wisemantel | 2013 (Caretaker) | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 50.0% |
| Ryuji Nakatake | 2016 (Interim) | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| Mark Hammett | 2016 (Interim) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 33.3% |
| Jamie Joseph | 2016−2023 | 50 | 23 | 26 | 1 | 46.0% |
| Eddie Jones | 2023− | 7 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 42.9% |

### Award winners

The following Japan head coaches have been recognised at the World Rugby Awards since 2001:
World Rugby Coach of the Year :
| Year | Nominees | Winners |
| 2015 | Eddie Jones | — |
| 2019 | Jamie Joseph | — |

## Current squad

On 15 October 2024, Japan named a 37-player squad for their 2024 end-of-year matches against New Zealand (26 October), France (9 November), Uruguay (16 November) and England (24 November).
* Head Coach: Eddie Jones
Caps updated: 16 November 2024 (after game vs Uruguay)
| Player | Position | Date of birth (age) | Caps | Club/province |
| Mamoru Harada | Hooker | (1999-04-15) 15 April 1999 (age 25) | 10 | Toshiba Brave Lupus Tokyo |
| Kenta Matsuoka | Hooker | (1997-06-06) 6 June 1997 (age 27) | 4 | Kobelco Kobe Steelers |
| Atsushi Sakate | Hooker | (1993-06-21) 21 June 1993 (age 31) | 47 | Saitama Wild Knights |
| Opeti Helu | Prop | (1998-07-22) 22 July 1998 (age 26) | 2 | Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay |
| Shogo Miura | Prop | (1995-06-08) 8 June 1995 (age 29) | 14 | Toyota Verblitz |
| Takayoshi Mohara | Prop | (2000-03-17) 17 March 2000 (age 24) | 6 | Shizuoka Blue Revs |
| Yukio Morikawa | Prop | (1993-02-06) 6 February 1993 (age 32) | 4 | Tokyo Sungoliath |
| Takato Okabe | Prop | (1995-02-19) 19 February 1995 (age 30) | 7 | Yokohama Canon Eagles |
| Shuhei Takeuchi | Prop | (1997-12-09) 9 December 1997 (age 27) | 12 | Urayasu D-Rocks |
| Keijiro Tamefusa | Prop | (2001-09-03) 3 September 2001 (age 23) | 9 | Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay |
| Daichi Akiyama | Lock | (1996-11-14) 14 November 1996 (age 28) | 1 | Toyota Verblitz |
| Warner Dearns | Lock | (2002-04-11) 11 April 2002 (age 22) | 21 | Toshiba Brave Lupus Tokyo |
| Amanaki Saumaki | Lock | (1997-03-08) 8 March 1997 (age 27) | 5 | Kobelco Kobe Steelers |
| Epineri Uluiviti | Lock | (1996-07-07) 7 July 1996 (age 28) | 5 | Mitsubishi Sagamihara DynaBoars |
| Sanaila Waqa | Lock | (1995-07-17) 17 July 1995 (age 29) | 9 | Hanazono Kintetsu Liners |
| Amato Fakatava | Back row | (1994-12-07) 7 December 1994 (age 30) | 13 | Black Rams Tokyo |
| Kazuki Himeno | Back row | (1994-07-27) 27 July 1994 (age 30) | 35 | Tokyo Sungoliath |
| Faulua Makisi | Back row | (1997-01-20) 20 January 1997 (age 28) | 14 | Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay |
| Isaiah Mapusua | Back row | (2000-12-21) 21 December 2000 (age 24) | 5 | Toyota Verblitz |
| Kanji Shimokawa | Back row | (1999-01-17) 17 January 1999 (age 26) | 13 | Tokyo Sungoliath |
| Tevita Tatafu | Back row | (1996-01-02) 2 January 1996 (age 29) | 19 | Bordeaux Bègles |
| Shinobu Fujiwara | Scrum-half | (1999-02-08) 8 February 1999 (age 26) | 9 | Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay |
| Ren Iinuma | Scrum-half | (2000-02-08) 8 February 2000 (age 25) | 0 | Urayasu D-Rocks |
| Taiki Koyama | Scrum-half | (1994-10-31) 31 October 1994 (age 30) | 8 | Saitama Wild Knights |
| Naoto Saitō | Scrum-half | (1997-08-26) 26 August 1997 (age 27) | 23 | Toulouse |
| Nakakusu Ichigo | Fly-half | (2000-06-01) 1 June 2000 (age 24) | 0 | Black Rams Tokyo |
| Harumichi Tatekawa (c) | Fly-half | (1989-12-02) 2 December 1989 (age 35) | 62 | Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay |
| Junta Hamano | Centre | (2001-05-02) 2 May 2001 (age 23) | 2 | Kobelco Kobe Steelers |
| Yuki Ikeda | Centre | (1995-05-21) 21 May 1995 (age 29) | 0 | Black Rams Tokyo |
| Yusuke Kajimura | Centre | (1995-09-13) 13 September 1995 (age 29) | 6 | Yokohama Canon Eagles |
| Nicholas McCurran | Centre | (1996-06-13) 13 June 1996 (age 28) | 6 | Toyota Verblitz |
| Tomoki Osada | Centre | (1999-11-25) 25 November 1999 (age 25) | 16 | Saitama Wild Knights |
| Dylan Riley | Centre | (1997-05-02) 2 May 1997 (age 27) | 27 | Saitama Wild Knights |
| Siosaia Fifita | Wing | (1998-12-20) 20 December 1998 (age 26) | 15 | Toyota Verblitz |
| Jone Naikabula | Wing | (1994-04-12) 12 April 1994 (age 30) | 16 | Toshiba Brave Lupus Tokyo |
| Malo Tuitama | Wing | (1996-03-23) 23 March 1996 (age 28) | 7 | Shizuoka Blue Revs |
| Takuro Matsunaga | Fullback | (1998-08-13) 13 August 1998 (age 26) | 3 | Toshiba Brave Lupus Tokyo |
| Yoshitaka Yazaki | Fullback | (2004-05-12) 12 May 2004 (age 20) | 7 | Waseda University |

## Notable former players

* Yoshihiro Sakata, 16 caps, member of World Rugby Hall of Fame
* Toshiyuki Hayashi, legendary lock with Kobe Steel, Oxford and Japan.
* Seiji Hirao, centre, former Japan captain and coach of Japan (RWC1999).
* Keiji Hirose, former fly-half, and previously the leading points scorer for Japan (now second).
* Kensuke Iwabuchi, the first Japanese to play professional rugby in England (for Saracens), also technical adviser to Sanix.
* Toru Kurihara, world record points scorer in one match, 60 points scored individually (6 Tries, 15 conversions).
* Sinali Latu, now coach of Daito Bunka University RFC.
* Yuji Matsuo, fly-half (stand-off), Shin-Nittetsu Kamaishi.
* Andrew Miller, fly-half for Kobe Steel and Japan.
* Takuro Miuchi, former number 8 and captain at the 2007 Rugby World Cup.
* Wataru Murata, player of Yamaha Jubilo.
* Daisuke Ohata, world record try scorer (69 tries throughout his career) member of World Rugby Hall of Fame
* Atsushi Oyagi, lock, Kobe Steel and Japan, now a TV personality ("talento").
* Kenzo Suzuki, better known as a professional wrestler, Suzuki was capped for the national team.
* Yoshihito Yoshida, world class Japanese wing, known especially on the Sevens circuit.
* Ayumu Goromaru, former fullback and the leading points scorer for Japan.
* Kenki Fukuoka, former wing of Japan, known for his speed and sidesteps.

## Player records (career)
### Most matches

| # | Player | Pos | Span | Mat | Start | Sub | Won | Lost | Draw | % |
| 1 | Hitoshi Ono | Lock | 2004–2016 | 98 | 78 | 20 | 60 | 35 | 3 | 63 |
| 2 | Michael Leitch | Flanker | 2008– | 87 | 81 | 6 | 51 | 34 | 2 | 67 |
| 3 | Hirotoki Onozawa | Wing | 2001–2013 | 81 | 73 | 8 | 41 | 37 | 3 | 52 |
| 4 | Yukio Motoki | Centre | 1991–2005 | 79 | 73 | 6 | 31 | 47 | 1 | 40 |
| 5 | Kensuke Hatakeyama | Prop | 2008–2016 | 78 | 57 | 21 | 50 | 27 | 1 | 65 |
| 6 | Shota Horie | Hooker | 2009–2023 | 76 | 63 | 13 | 47 | 27 | 2 | 67 |
| 7 | Fumiaki Tanaka | Scrum-half | 2008–2019 | 75 | 60 | 15 | 46 | 27 | 2 | 63 |
| 8 | Luke Thompson | Lock | 2007–2019 | 71 | 59 | 12 | 44 | 25 | 2 | 63 |
| 9 | Yu Tamura | Fly-half | 2012–2022 | 70 | 53 | 17 | 42 | 27 | 1 | 64 |
| 10 | Takashi Kikutani | Number 8 | 2005–2014 | 68 | 57 | 11 | 41 | 26 | 1 | 61 |
Last updated: Japan vs Italy, 21 July 2024. Statistics include officially capped matches only.

### Most tries

| # | Player | Pos | Span | Mat | Start | Sub | Pts | Tries |
| 1 | Daisuke Ohata | Wing | 1996–2006 | 58 | 55 | 3 | 345 | 69 |
| 2 | Hirotoki Onozawa | Wing | 2001–2013 | 81 | 73 | 8 | 275 | 55 |
| 3 | Takashi Kikutani | Number 8 | 2005–2014 | 68 | 57 | 11 | 160 | 32 |
| 4 | Terunori Masuho | Wing | 1991–2001 | 47 | 46 | 1 | 147 | 29 |
| 5 | Yoshikazu Fujita | Wing | 2012–2017 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 130 | 26 |
| 6 | Kenki Fukuoka | Wing | 2013–2019 | 38 | 31 | 7 | 125 | 25 |
| 7 | Kotaro Matsushima | Fullback | 2014– | 55 | 48 | 7 | 115 | 23 |
| 8 | Koliniasi Holani | Number 8 | 2008–2016 | 44 | 38 | 6 | 110 | 22 |
| 8 | Michael Leitch | Flanker | 2008– | 87 | 81 | 6 | 110 | 22 |
| 10 | Alisi Tupuailei | Centre | 2009–2011 | 20 | 13 | 7 | 105 | 21 |
Last updated: Japan vs Italy, 21 July 2024. Statistics include officially capped matches only.

### Most points

| # | Player | Pos | Span | Mat | Pts | Tries | Conv | Pens | Drop |
| 1 | Ayumu Goromaru | Fullback | 2005–2015 | 56 | 708 | 18 | 162 | 98 | 0 |
| 2 | Keiji Hirose | Fly-half | 1994–2005 | 40 | 422 | 5 | 77 | 79 | 2 |
| 3 | Toru Kurihara | Wing | 2000–2003 | 28 | 347 | 20 | 71 | 35 | 0 |
| 4 | Daisuke Ohata | Wing | 1996–2006 | 58 | 345 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5 | Yu Tamura | Fly-half | 2012–2022 | 70 | 303 | 5 | 64 | 50 | 0 |
| 6 | James Arlidge | Fly-half | 2007–2011 | 32 | 286 | 8 | 78 | 28 | 2 |
| 7 | Hirotoki Onozawa | Wing | 2001–2013 | 81 | 275 | 55 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 8 | Shaun Webb | Fly-half | 2008–2011 | 35 | 198 | 18 | 45 | 6 | 0 |
| 9 | Ryan Nicholas | Centre | 2008–2012 | 38 | 193 | 9 | 53 | 14 | 0 |
| 10 | Takashi Kikutani | Number 8 | 2005–2014 | 68 | 160 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Last updated: Japan vs Italy, 21 July 2024. Statistics include officially capped matches only.

### Most matches as captain

| # | Player | Pos | Span | Mat | Won | Lost | Draw | % | Pts | Tries |
| 1 | Takuro Miuchi | Number 8 | 2002–2008 | 45 | 17 | 27 | 1 | 38.88 | 30 | 6 |
| 2 | Michael Leitch | Flanker | 2014– | 38 | 22 | 15 | 1 | 68.18 | 55 | 11 |
| 3 | Takashi Kikutani | Number 8 | 2008–2013 | 34 | 21 | 12 | 1 | 63.23 | 110 | 22 |
| 4 | Toshiaki Hirose | Wing | 2012–2013 | 18 | 13 | 5 | 0 | 72.22 | 45 | 9 |
| 5 | Masahiro Kunda | Hooker | 1993–1998 | 14 | 5 | 9 | 0 | 35.71 | 0 | 0 |
| 6 | Yukio Motoki | Centre | 1996–1997 | 12 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 33.33 | 5 | 1 |
| 7 | Seiji Hirao | Centre | 1989–1991 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 45.45 | 0 | 0 |
| 8 | Toshiyuki Hayashi | Lock | 1986–1987 | 10 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 15.00 | 0 | 0 |
| 8 | Andrew McCormick | Centre | 1998–1999 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 40.00 | 5 | 1 |
| 8 | Akira Yokoi | Centre | 1970–1974 | 10 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 35.00 | 0 | 0 |
Last updated: Japan vs Italy, 21 July 2024. Statistics include officially capped matches only.

## Player records (match)
### Most points in a match

| # | Player | Pos | Pts | Tries | Conv | Pens | Drop | Opposition | Venue | Date |
| 1 | Toru Kurihara | Wing | 60 | 6 | 15 | 0 | 0 | Chinese Taipei | Tainan | 21 July 2002 |
| 2 | Daisuke Ohata | Wing | 40 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Chinese Taipei | Tokyo | 21 July 2002 |
| 3 | Ayumu Goromaru | Fullback | 37 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Sri Lanka | Nagoya | 10/05/2014 |
| 4 | Ayumu Goromaru | Fullback | 36 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 0 | Philippines | Fukuoka | 20 April 2013 |
| 5 | Toru Kurihara | Wing | 35 | 2 | 11 | 1 | 0 | South Korea | Tokyo | 16 June 2002 |
| 6 | Keiji Hirose | Fly-half | 34 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 0 | Tonga | Tokyo | 08/05/1999 |
| 7 | Ayumu Goromaru | Fullback | 32 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 0 | Kazakhstan | Almaty | 28 April 2012 |
| 8 | Keiji Hirose | Fly-half | 31 | 0 | 11 | 3 | 0 | Hong Kong | Tokyo | 08/05/2005 |
| 9 | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points | 4 players on 30 points |
Last updated: Japan vs Italy, 21 July 2024. Statistics include officially capped matches only.

### Most tries in a match

| # | Player | Pos | Pts | Tries | Conv | Pens | Drop | Opposition | Venue | Date |
| 1 | Daisuke Ohata | Wing | 40 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Chinese Taipei | Tokyo | 07/07/2002 |
| 2 | Toru Kurihara | Wing | 60 | 6 | 15 | 0 | 0 | Chinese Taipei | Tainan | 21 July 2002 |
| 2 | Daisuke Ohata | Wing | 30 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Hong Kong | Tokyo | 08/05/2005 |
| 2 | Yoshikazu Fujita | Wing | 30 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | United Arab Emirates | Fukuoka | 05/05/2012 |
| 5 | Terunori Masuho | Wing | 25 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Chinese Taipei | Singapore | 27 October 1998 |
| 5 | Kosuke Endo | Wing | 25 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | South Korea | Daegu | 01/05/2010 |
| 5 | Alisi Tupuailei | Centre | 25 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Sri Lanka | Colombo | 21 May 2011 |
| 5 | Kentaro Kodama | Wing | 25 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | South Korea | Kanagawa | 30 April 2016 |
| 9 | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries | 10 players on 4 tries |
Last updated: Japan vs Italy, 21 July 2024. Statistics include officially capped matches only.

## Tournament history
### Rugby World Cup

Japan has participated in the Rugby World Cup since the tournament's inception in 1987, and has made appearances in all tournaments thus far. Despite this, they experienced little success until the 2015 tournament, with just one victory over Zimbabwe in 1991, and two draws with Canada in 2007 and 2011. In 2015 they defeated South Africa with a score of 34–32, their first win since 1991 against Zimbabwe, which they followed up with victories over Samoa and the United States in the same pool stage, but despite their 3–1 record failed to reach the knockout round.
They were the home team for the 2019 Rugby World Cup, which was held in Japan.
In the 2019 World Cup, Japan were drawn in Group A alongside Ireland, Russia, Samoa, and Scotland. After a nervy opening night win against Russia (30–10), Japan went on to beat Ireland 19–12, a huge upset and a result few predicted. Their third group game against Samoa ended in another win, this time 38–19, while also securing a highly important bonus point (for scoring four or more tries).
In the highly anticipated final group game against Scotland, both teams needed to win to progress to the knockout stages at the expense of the other. The match went ahead despite pre-game worries that it would have to be cancelled due to the ongoing issues caused by Typhoon Hagibis. The pre-tournament rules stated that if the typhoon was sufficient to intervene, the game would be cancelled, and the result declared a draw. This controversial rule would have allowed Japan to progress by default due to previous results.
After final safety checks, the game was allowed to commence. Japan edged out Scotland 28–21 to register their second shock win of the tournament. They also became the first Asian nation to top their group at a Rugby World Cup, and the first Asian team to progress to the knockout stages.
Japan played South Africa in the quarter-finals in Tokyo on Sunday 20 October 2019, kick off 19:15 JST. They kept pace with South Africa in the first half, but two tries and three penalties in the second half for South Africa put the game out of reach and Japan lost 26–3.
| Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Rugby World Cup record | Qualification | Qualification | Qualification | Qualification | Qualification | Qualification | Qualification |
| Year | Round | Pld. | W | D | L | PF | PA | Squad | Head coach | Pos. | Pld. | W | D | L | PF | PA |
| 1987 | Pool stage | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 48 | 123 | Squad | K. Miyaji | Invited | Invited | Invited | Invited | Invited | Invited | Invited |
| 1991 | Pool stage | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 77 | 87 | Squad | H. Shukuzawa | 2nd | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 65 | 63 |
| 1995 | Pool stage | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 55 | 252 | Squad | O. Koyabu | 1st | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 252 | 28 |
| 1999 | Pool stage | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 36 | 140 | Squad | S. Hirao | 1st | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 221 | 25 |
| 2003 | Pool stage | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 79 | 163 | Squad | S. Mukai | 1st | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 420 | 47 |
| 2007 | Pool stage | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 64 | 210 | Squad | J. Kirwan | 1st | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 379 | 60 |
| 2011 | Pool stage | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 69 | 184 | Squad | J. Kirwan | 1st | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 326 | 30 |
| 2015 | Pool stage | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 98 | 100 | Squad | E. Jones | 1st | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 316 | 8 |
| 2019 | Quarter-finals | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 118 | 88 | Squad | J. Joseph | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification |
| 2023 | Pool stage | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 109 | 107 | Squad | J. Joseph | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification |
| 2027 | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | | | | | | | | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification | Automatic qualification |
| 2031 | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined |
| Total | Quarter-finals | 37 | 10 | 2 | 25 | 753 | 1,454 | — | — | — | 28 | 27 | 0 | 1 | 1,979 | 261 |

### Pacific Nations Cup

Pacific Nations Cup record :
| Year | Finish/Round | Pld. | W | D | L | PF | PA | Squad | Head coach |
| 2006 | 5th of 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 48 | 177 | — | J-P Élissalde |
| 2007 | 6th of 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 51 | 182 | — | J. Kirwan |
| 2008 | 5th of 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 121 | 181 | — | J. Kirwan |
| 2009 | 4th of 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 96 | 145 | — | J. Kirwan |
| 2010 | 3rd of 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 65 | 68 | — | J. Kirwan |
| 2011 | Champions | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 74 | — | J. Kirwan |
| 2012 | 4th of 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 65 | 76 | — | E. Jones |
| 2013 | 4th of 5 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 79 | 82 | Squad | E. Jones |
| 2014 | Champions | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 71 | 54 | Squad | E. Jones |
| 2015 | 4th of 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 60 | 56 | Squad | E. Jones |
| 2019 | Champions | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 109 | 48 | Squad | J. Joseph |
| 2024 | 2nd of 6 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 162 | 120 | Squad | E. Jones |
| Total | Champions (3) | 43 | 18 | 0 | 25 | 995 | 1,263 | — | — |