OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spud

Spud is a common nickname for the potato.
Spud(s) may also refer to:

## People

* Spud (nickname), a list of people nicknamed "Spud" or "Spuds"
* Spud Murphy (1908–2005), American jazz musician, bandleader and arranger Lyle Stephanovic
* Rockstar Spud (or Spud), ring name of British professional wrestler James Michael Curtin (born 1983), otherwise known as Drake Maverick
* Surfer Spud, former Operations Director at Live 105 and current vocalist/keyboardist for surf pop band Drifting Sand
* Joe "Spud" Murphy, founder of the potato chips company Tayto (Republic of Ireland)

## Arts and entertainment
### Characters

* Fred "Spud" Baker, in the British sitcom Cradle to Grave
* Spuds MacKenzie, a canine mascot in an advertising campaign for Bud Light beer
* Daniel "Spud" Murphy, in the 1993 novel Trainspotting and the 1996 film adaptation
* Arthur "Spud" P. Spudinski, in American Dragon: Jake Long
* Laurie "Spud" Odell, in Mary Renault's 1953 novel The Charioteer
* Spud the Scarecrow, in Bob the Builder
* Spud, in the Australian comic strip Beyond the Black Stump
* Spud, in The Ridonculous Race

### Other

* Spud (game), a children's game
* Spud (novel), a 2005 novel by John Howard van de Ruit
** Spud (film), a 2010 adaptation of the novel
* Spuds (film), a 1927 American silent comedy film

## Acronym

* Saint Paul Union Depot, a railroad station and transit hub in Saint Paul, Minnesota
* St. Paul University Dumaguete, Dumaguete City, Philippines, a private Catholic university
* Sustainable Produce Urban Delivery, a Canadian online grocery service

## Other uses

* Spuds, a derogatory slur for Tottenham Hotspur F.C. English football club and their supporters
* Spuds, Florida, United States, an unincorporated community
* Spud Drive-In Theater, near Driggs, Idaho, United States, on the National Register of Historic Places
* Bark spud (tool), a hand tool used for removing bark from logs
* CJRW-FM (102 Spud FM), a Canadian radio station broadcasting in Summerside, Prince Edward Island
* Spud, one of the Operation Bowline United States nuclear test series, detonated in July 1968
* Spud, steel pile that can be lowered to penetrate the bottom to hold a spud barge in position, often deployed at each corner of the barge. Also used to position a dredge - see Dredging#Grab dredgers
# Charlotte Purple Jackets

The Charlotte Purple Jackets, are an American basketball team based in Charlotte, North Carolina, and members in the minor professional The Basketball League (TBL).

## History

On August 3, 2021, Evelyn Magley, CEO of The Basketball League (TBL), announced a new franchise called the Connecticut Cobras owned by Anthony Hill and would be located in Norwalk Connecticut. Hill named Troy Bradford, the team's first head coach on August 24, 2022.
The team announced that their home games would be played at the University of Bridgeport.
On August 24, 2022, Evelyn Magley, CEO of The Basketball League (TBL), announced a new franchise called the Charlotte Purple Jackets would compete in the Southeast Conference. The Charlotte Purple Jackets team is a combination of the TBL's Connecticut Cobras team from last season and the Queen City Purple Jackets team that played in the 2021-22 American Basketball Association.
# Tallebudgera Creek Dam

The Tallebudgera Creek Dam, or colloquially Tally Dam, is a decommissioned embankment dam across the upper reaches of the Tallebudgera Creek, located in the South East region of Queensland, Australia. The initial purpose of the dam from its establishment until its decommissioning during the 1970s was for the supply of potable water to the Gold Coast region. There is no public access to the dam.

## Location and features

The Tallebudgera Dam is located approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) south west of the Burleigh Heads.
Designed and constructed by the Coolangatta-Nerang Water Supply Board in the 1940s, construction of the Tallebudgera Dam was finalised in the early 1950s. The dam was one of the earliest water supplies for the region, and provided a constant flow to the intake that was located downstream of the dam. Growth and demand in the region led to the construction of Little Nerang Dam and Mudgeeraba Water Treatment Plant, which then made Tallebudgera Creek Dam obsolete as a water supply. The decommissioning is believed to have occurred in the 1970s and included the removal of the valve house and filling of the valve chambers. It appears that the dam was left for recreation purposes after decommissioning. Following introduction of the Water Act, 2000 (QLD), a Failure Impact Assessment noted the dam design did not comply with the latest safety standards and may over top during a 1 in 50 year average recurrence interval. The Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Water issued advice that the dam was to be upgraded to meet the current dam safety standards. Options considered were to permanently lower the level of the spillway, install flood-triggered gates and removal of the dam. In 2006, after two years of investigation, reports and public consultations, work commenced to upgrade the existing dam to the required standards.
# Ephraim Adrale

Ephraim Adrale was an Anglican bishop in Uganda.
He was educated at Makerere University and ordained in 1975. He became Bishop of Madi-West Nile in 1988 and served for two years. He was a son of Matayo Ewada, a hunter. He went ahead to become a teacher, rising to be the headteacher of Anyavu Primary School. He later enrolled in studies to become a clergy member and upon completion started catechism work and was ordained as a Reverend. He rose through the ranks to become Bishop of Madi-West Nile and served in the Archbishop's office at Namirembe as Refugee Secretary in the province of the Church of Uganda. In 1990 he died after a short illness and was survived by his wife Salome Munduru and their eight children.
# Brian Belichick

Brian Belichick is an American football coach who was most recently the safeties coach for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL) from 2020 to 2024. He joined the organization as a scouting assistant in 2016, and worked as a coaching assistant from 2017 to 2019 before being promoted to safeties coach prior to the 2020 season.

## Early years

Belichick played lacrosse at The Rivers School and Suffield Academy where he was an All-League selection in football and lacrosse. He then played two years of collegiate lacrosse at Trinity College, graduating in 2016.

## Coaching career
### New England Patriots

On July 21, 2016, the New England Patriots publicly confirmed that Brian Belichick had been hired as a scouting assistant, which was to be his first and only year working in the front office. He began assisting the coaching staff with film breakdowns during the team's Super Bowl LI winning playoff run before transitioning to a coaching assistant role the following season. Belichick served as a coaching assistant for three years (2017–2019) before being promoted to Safeties Coach, a position previously held by his elder brother Stephen until July 2020 when it was announced that the latter would be named Outside Linebackers Coach. During that stretch, he won his first Super Bowl title when the Patriots defeated the Los Angeles Rams in Super Bowl LIII. After the 2024 season, it was announced that Belichick was not retained for incoming head coach Mike Vrabel's staff for the 2025 season.

## Personal life

Belichick is the son of former New England Patriots head coach and current University of North Carolina head coach Bill Belichick, and grandson of Steve Belichick. His elder sister, Amanda Belichick, is a lacrosse coach currently serving as Head Coach of the women's program at Holy Cross. His elder brother, Stephen, is the Defensive coordinator for the University of North Carolina football team. On Saturday, June 26, 2021, Brian married Catherine "Callie" D. McLaughlin on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts at St. Mary's Church and had the reception at Sankaty Head Beach Club.
# Frontier Bulldog

The Frontier Bulldog, Western Bulldog, or American Bulldog is a 5-shot, .44 S&W American, double action, 2+1⁄2-inch barrel snubnosed revolver made by the Belgian firm J.B. Rongé & Sons of Liège, and primarily sold in the United States, from late 1870s to 1914, through the Sears-Roebuck and Montgomery Ward mail-order catalogs. The base price was US$3.80, compared to $12 for a Smith & Wesson Model 3 Double Action in the same calibre. It is an improved copy of the Philip Webley & Son of Birmingham British Bull Dog revolver.
The Bulldog included a cartridge ejector and a loading port on the right side of the body. The sights were fixed, and the barrel was generally rounded and sometimes had a flat top. The grips were checkered wood, embossed/molded hard rubber, or other materials, and a lanyard ring was sometimes fitted to the butt. The Bulldog is also chambered for the British .442 Webley and .450 Adams cartridges. The .44 Bull Dog was a popular American cartridge that was a shorter and less powerful cartridge that could also be fired from .442 Webley caliber revolvers.
Numerous copies and variants of this design (authorized and unauthorized) were made in Belfast, Belgium, Spain, Pakistan, France and the United States during the late 19th century. American copies were manufactured by the firms of Forehand & Wadsworth, Iver Johnson and Harrington & Richardson.
# ClassPass

ClassPass is an American company operating a subscription platform for fitness. Founded in 2013, it was acquired by Mindbody Inc in 2021.

## History

The company was founded by Payal Kadakia and Sanjiv Sanghavi as Classivity in 2010. In 2012, the company launched Passport, allowing users to try one fitness class at a new studio. The company expanded its product to a subscription. The company brought on Mary Biggins to help build the new company, and ClassPass was developed in June 2013. In January 2014, Classtivity was rebranded as ClassPass.
Sanghavi left in January 2014. The same year, ClassPass acquired FitMob. An earlier version of the company's product was intended to sell a better registration system to fitness studios but this did not receive much interest.
In March 2017, Payal Kadakia swapped roles with Fritz Lanman, with Lanman becoming CEO and Kadakia becoming Executive Chairman. In August 2017, the company announced an expansion to New Orleans, Pittsburgh, San Antonio, Cincinnati, Calgary, Honolulu, Indianapolis, Milwaukee, Riverside, California, and Salt Lake City. In March 2018, ClassPass began offering live-streamed fitness classes.
In January 2019, ClassPass acquired Guavapass. Later that year, in October, Classpass acquired Swedish competitor Fitness Collection. Chilean-based MuvPass and ClickyPass, based in Argentina, were acquired in early 2020.
ClassPass was acquired by Mindbody Inc in 2021.
In 2024, the company added food and beverage partners, allowing users to spend credits at participating cafes.

## Financing

ClassPass received seed funding of $2 million in March 2014, then attracted $12 million in Series A round funding from entrepreneur Fritz Lanman in September 2014. In 2015, it received $40 million of Series B funding from General Catalyst and Thrive Capital. The company was valued as over $200 million. Classpass received an additional $30 million of funding in November 2015 led by Google Ventures. ClassPass announced a $70 million Series C led by Temasek Holdings in May 2017 that valued the company at $470 million. In July 2018, it raised US$85M in financing led by Temasek to expand into Asia. In January 2020, it raised $285 million in funding at a $1 billion valuation. In October 2021, the company was acquired by Mindbody Inc.

## Criticism

ClassPass has been criticized for undercutting the business model of the health clubs that it relies on, with a 2015 article in The New York Times describing it as a "middleman" between consumers and health clubs, and arguing that a "power imbalance" exists between the health clubs' owners and ClassPass which mirrors the relationship with other digital intermediary services such as Amazon.com and Uber. The service has accounted for lower margins at some gyms where owners limit the number of members "to prevent being cannibalized".
# Waray Wikipedia

The Waray Wikipedia is the Waray language edition of Wikipedia. It is hosted on servers run by the Wikimedia Foundation since September 25, 2005. As of March 4, 2025, this edition has 1,266,632 articles and is the 16th largest Wikipedia edition. The Waray Wikipedia has very few active users (56), and instead owes its large size to automatically generated articles created by bots, most of them by Sverker Johansson's Lsjbot.
Waray (or Waray-Waray) is spoken by approximately 3.6 million people in the Eastern Visayas region of the Philippines. The Wikipedia was launched on 25 September 2005 and now has more than 1,000,000 articles, being thus in tenth place for size in August 2014.

## History

The Waray Wikipedia was first organized in Tacloban on September 25, 2005, by Harvey Fiji. The wiki had a small number of contributors, with fewer than ten editors per month until April 2009. The first meet-up of editors took place in January 2013 in Tacloban.
By early 2011 the Waray Wikipedia had attracted notice for including more than twice as many articles as the Tagalog Wikipedia, which is based on the principal language of the Philippines. This discrepancy was explained by the very large number of articles added automatically by bots, with no direct human input. By early June 2014 the Waray Wikipedia had attained a very high article count of 1 million, but a very low article depth of less than 3. Article depth is an attempt to measure the collaborative quality of articles, based on the number of edits per article.
According to automatically updated Wikimedia data, as of March 4, 2025, the Waray Wikipedia has 2,870,328 pages (including user pages, help pages, etc.), 56 active users, and 7,700,833 total edits. The article depth of Waray Wikipedia is 4.3—a rough indicator of the article's collaborative quality—compared to 145.47 for the Tagalog Wikipedia. (Waray and Tagalog are related languages belonging to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family.)
However, Waray Wikipedia does not appear to be widely used in the Philippines; as of March 2021, 90% of Wikipedia views from that country were directed at English Wikipedia, with 5% going to Tagalog and 3% to Russian Wikipedia. About 35% of Waray Wikipedia views come from China, 25% from the United States, about 15% from Germany and France, and less than 8% from the Philippines.

### Milestones

* On August 26, 2010, the Waray Wikipedia passed the 100,000-article milestone, making it the 35th largest language edition at that time.
* On June 8, 2014, the encyclopedia passed the 1 million article mark, which was mostly made by Lsjbot. It was the very first Wikipedia for a language in the Philippines and Asia that reached 1 million articles.
# Neal Karlinsky

Neal A. Karlinsky (born October 14, 1968) was the Seattle correspondent for ABC News. He has been nominated twice for the 30th and 32nd News & Documentary Emmy Award in the Outstanding Continuing Coverage of a News Story category. Karlinsky received a nomination, in the Television Segment category at the 2012 James Beard Awards, where he hosted a cooking segment with John Berman, on Nightline.
He is now a Storyteller for Amazon.

## Early life and education

Karlinsky was born, on October 14, 1968, in Detroit, Michigan, the son of Arnold and Vivian Karlinsky (née, Monarch), and he was raised with a brother, Paul, and a sister, Deborah. He obtained his baccalaureate from Michigan State University in journalism.

## Career

He started his journalism career at WLNS-TV in Lansing, Michigan, where he would eventually move to Nashville, Tennessee to WKRN-TV, while finally landing at KIRO-TV in Seattle, Washington. In August 2000, Karlinsky joined ABC News as a Seattle-based correspondent, where he has covered the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, garnering him a nomination at the News & Documentary Emmy Award, for Outstanding Continuing Coverage of a News Story. This ongoing story appeared on ABC World News Tonight. John Berman and Karlinsky received a nomination for a cooking segment on Nightline, at the 2012 James Beard Awards, in the Television Segment category.

## Personal life

He is married to Malia Karlinsky, an Emmy award winning Lifestyle Reporter and Producer at KOMO-TV, the ABC affiliate in Seattle. They have two children.
# Jim Kincaid

James W. Kincaid (October 23, 1934 – July 17, 2011) was an American television news correspondent for ABC News and local news anchor for WVEC in Norfolk, Virginia, for over 18 years.

## Biography and early career

Kincaid was born on October 23, 1934, in Houston, Texas, to the late Herbert and Ethel Schulze. His mother was an avid amateur painter of flowers. He grew up in Arkansas, often joking that his parents "moved there as soon as they heard about it". He started working for a radio station there in 1949, then served three years in the United States Army after being drafted in 1956. In 1960, he joined WWL in New Orleans, Louisiana, where he won a National Gold Bell award for his reporting on the death of Pope John XXIII in 1963. He later moved to what was then KMOX-TV (now KMOV) and WCBS-TV before moving to ABC News. Married three times, two of his marriages ended in divorce.

## Network correspondent

Hired to work as a network correspondent, Kincaid reported in Vietnam for ABC in 1969, at the height of the Vietnam War. A military helicopter in which Kincaid was riding was shot down by rocket fire near the village of Bu Dop. He sustained a broken back in the crash and spent several months recovering in Hong Kong.

## WVEC-TV

In 1978, Kincaid left ABC to become the local news anchor for WVEC. During his time with WVEC, he returned to Vietnam to do a special series of stories covering the changes that had taken place over the previous 25 years. While shooting the award-winning documentary, Kincaid reunited a Vietnamese refugee with her family in Ho Chi Minh City. The woman, Norfolk resident Thao Nguyen, left Vietnam by boat in the 1970s with her infant daughter, and had not seen her family in over 20 years.
Kincaid also wrote a documentary in 1995 entitled "D-Day to VE Day". Three D-Day veterans from the Norfolk area accompanied Jim to several historic World War II sites, including Weymouth, England, Omaha Beach, Bastogne, the Dachau concentration camp, and Margraten in the Netherlands, site of the largest American cemetery in Europe. In 1996, Kincaid stepped down as WVEC's primary news anchor; he continued with the station as a commentator until his retirement.
Jim Kincaid authored several books, with collections of his humorous anecdotes.
His books "Theo" and" Anna's Eyes" were published in 1994 and 2002 respectively. They tell the story of his beloved father-in-law, Theo Wildanger, an accomplished artist.

## Post-news career and death

In 1997, Kincaid left WVEC. He and his wife Catherine moved to a farm which he owned near Elam, an unincorporated area in Virginia's Prince Edward County. In 2006, they moved into a community near Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia. While retired from the news business, Kincaid continued to work, providing narration and voice-over work. Kincaid died of a heart attack on July 17, 2011, at the age of 76.
# Jeffrey Kofman

Jeffrey Kofman (born May 20, 1959) is a former reporter and co-founder and CEO of Trint.

## ABC News London Bureau

As London-based correspondent for ABC News he reported on stories in Europe. Prior to his assignment overseas, Kofman spent 10 years based in Miami for ABC News as correspondent for Florida, the Caribbean and Latin America.
He moved to ABC's London bureau in January 2010 where he covered the Arab revolutions in North Africa from Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. He has reported from South Africa, Kenya, Norway, Sweden and Italy and the Indian Ocean.
In 2011 he won an Emmy for his coverage of the Libyan Revolution and the downfall of Col. Muammar Gadhafi. Kofman covered the revolution in Libya from its beginning to its end. He reported from Tripoli as Gadhafi struggled to sustain his dictatorship.

## ABC News Miami Bureau

While based in Miami, August 2010, Kofman was the first foreign news correspondent on the scene when 33 trapped miners were found alive in a collapsed mine in Chile's northern desert.
During his decade in Miami, Kofman reported on cancer research in Ecuador.
Kofman spent a month in Haiti in early 2004 when guerrillas took control of much of the country. He has traveled throughout Colombia, covering U.S. efforts to wipe out the drug trade in that country.
Kofman also covered Cuba extensively, reporting on the impact of the long stalemate between the U.S. and that country.

## ABC News War Reporting

Kofman did six tours in the Middle East after September 11, 2001: four in Iraq, one in the Arabian Sea during the war in Afghanistan, and one in Pakistan.
While in Iraq, Kofman was embedded with U.S. Marines in the southern part of the country. He traveled to some of the most troubled regions, including Fallujah and Samarra. In July 2003, he reported on the declining morale of U.S. troops in the region as their tours of duty kept getting extended. The story was picked up by outlets around the world when one soldier called on Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld to resign. Kofman was reportedly the target of a smear campaign as a reaction to his report.

## CBS News

Kofman came to ABC News from CBS News, where he was a correspondent in the network's New York Bureau from 1997 to 2001.

## CBC Television

Before joining CBS, Kofman was a correspondent at CBC Television in Toronto. During his 11 years at the CBC, he was host of a current affairs program, anchor of the CBC's Toronto newscast, a network radio host, and sub-anchor for the CBC's flagship nightly network newscast, The National.
Born in Toronto, he is a graduate of Upper Canada College and then Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, where he studied political science.

## Trint

Kofman is co-founder and CEO of Trint, an automated transcription service.