OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fransina Kahungu

Fransina Ndateelela Kahungu (born 1970) is a Namibian politician serving as a Windhoek city councilor. She previously served as deputy mayor of Windhoek in 2016 and 2017 and mayor of Windhoek from 2019 to 2020. Kahungu became the SWAPO Party Women Council (SPWC) Secretary in 2022.

## Early life and education

Kahungu hails from the village of Okapanda. She moved to Windhoek in 1994 in pursuit of a diploma in education at the University of Namibia. As a student at Ombalantu Senior Secondary School, Kahungu became involved in politics as a member of the Namibia National Students Organisation. From 1998 to 2017, Kahungu worked first as a teacher and then an administrator at Olof Palme Primary School, located in the Windhoek informal settlement of Greenwell Matongo.

## Political career

Kahungu was first elected as a member of the Windhoek City Council in 2010 and became the Deputy Secretary of the SPWC in 2016. While on the city council, she served as Deputy Mayor of Windhoek in 2016 and 2017.
She was elected as mayor of the city on 13 December 2019, after the incumbent mayor Muesee Kazapua was absent for the municipality's internal elections. According to a report by the Namibia Press Agency, Kazapua and city spokesperson Harold Akwenye both asserted that the city's leadership had not changed, and that Kazapua was still mayor of the city. Agatha Ashilelo, the chair of the City of Windhoek management committee, stated that Kahungu had replaced Kazapua as mayor according to a decision made by the SWAPO Regional Executive Committee.
In January 2020, the Namibia Economist and the Namibian Broadcasting Corporation reported that the Office of the Mayor announced its relocation from central Windhoek to a community centre located in the informal settlement of Babylon, while the Office of the Deputy Mayor was to remain in the original location. The arrangement was set to remain for the duration of Kahungu's term as mayor.
On 2 December 2020, Job Amupanda was elected mayor after the opposition voted in his favour. Kahungu succeeded Eunice Iipinge as the SWAPO Party Women Council (SPWC) Secretary in February 2022.
# Lost Songs of the Silk Road

Lost Songs of the Silk Road is the debut album by Ghazal, a trio made up of Iranian and Indian musicians. Swapan Chaudhuri played the tabla, Kayhan Kalhor played the kamancheh, and Shujaat Khan played the sitar. The album was released in 1997.

## Production

The album was produced by Brian Cullman. It was recorded in New York City. The songs began with a basic melody played by Kalhor and Khan, before turning to improvisation.

## Critical recpeption

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| MusicHound World: The Essential Album Guide | |
The New York Times stated: "Each piece is a long three-way improvisation based on simple melodies that the players push back and forth, and the reedy scrape of Kayhan Kalhor's bowed fiddle creeps out stealthily like a human voice, a rough and ancient sound against the metallic ringing of the sitar." Billboard deemed the album a "soulful, pioneering hybrid."
The Oregonian praised the "slow, dreamlike improvisations marked by elegant thematic development and marvelous subtlety and detail." Ethnomusicology concluded that "the melodic expression on this CD hovers somewhere between dastgah and rag, but Shujaat's forceful improvisations tend to pull the whole closer to Indian styles and structures."
AllMusic called the album "a fascinating meeting of Persian and Indian musical and cultural influences."
# Acidic protease

There are two classes of acidic proteases:
* Aspartic proteases - that use a catalytic aspartic acid in their active site
* Glutamic proteases - that use a catalytic glutamic acid in their active site (less common)
# List of interoceanic canals

The following is a list of interoceanic canals, that is, canals or canal proposals, which form waterways for traffic to connect one ocean to another.

## List

| Canal | Place | Location | Status | Oceans | Notes | |
| Canal of the Pharaohs | Egypt | 30°20′N 32°23′E﻿ / ﻿30.333°N 32.383°E﻿ / 30.333; 32.383 | Used in the Late Period to early Islamic periodIn ruins | Atlantic Ocean (Mediterranean Sea)Indian Ocean (Red Sea) | This ancient canal once connected the Suez Rift Valley to the Nile River. | |
| Suez Canal | Isthmus of Suez | 30°42′18″N 32°20′39″E﻿ / ﻿30.70500°N 32.34417°E﻿ / 30.70500; 32.34417 | Completed 1869In-operation | Atlantic Ocean (Mediterranean Sea)Indian Ocean (Red Sea) | The level (lock-less) canal follows the Suez Rift Valley, from the Gulf of Suez to the Mediterranean | [2] [3] |
| Palestine Canal | Israel | 31°30′N 35°30′E﻿ / ﻿31.500°N 35.500°E﻿ / 31.500; 35.500 | Proposed | Atlantic Ocean (Mediterranean Sea)Indian Ocean (Red Sea) | From the Gulf of Aqaba to the Dead Sea to the Mediterranean, the modern version would expand two proposed water conveyance canals (Red Sea to Dead Sea, and, Mediterranean Sea to Dead Sea) into ship canals. Various proposals have existed since the construction of the Suez Canal. | [4] [5] |
| Panama Canal | Isthmus of Panama | 9°04′48″N 79°40′48″W﻿ / ﻿9.08000°N 79.68000°W﻿ / 9.08000; -79.68000 | Completed 1914In-operation | Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean Sea)Pacific Ocean | This lock-encumbered canal takes advantage of the Chagres River, used to create Gatun Lake, over the western side of the continental divide | [6] [2] [3] |
| Nicaragua Canal | Central America | 11°30′N 85°00′W﻿ / ﻿11.5°N 85.0°W﻿ / 11.5; -85.0 | Proposed | Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean Sea)Pacific Ocean | Proposals use Lake Nicaragua to shorten the built canal distance | [6] [2] [7] [8] [3] |
| Honduras Canal | Central America | | Proposed | Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean Sea)Pacific Ocean | | [3] [9] |
| Guatemala Canal | Central America | | Proposed | Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean Sea)Pacific Ocean | | [10] [11] |
| Mexico Canal | Isthmus of Tehuantepec | 17°12′47″N 94°44′24″W﻿ / ﻿17.213°N 94.740°W﻿ / 17.213; -94.740 | Proposed | Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Mexico)Pacific Ocean | One of the proposed paths connects the Goatzacoalcos River to Tehuantepec | [2] [12] |
| Thai Canal (Kra Canal) | Malay Peninsula | 10°11′N 98°53′E﻿ / ﻿10.183°N 98.883°E﻿ / 10.183; 98.883 | Proposed | Indian Ocean (Andaman Sea)Pacific Ocean (Gulf of Thailand) | A level crossing across the Kra Isthmus would need to dig out the Tenasserim Hills | |
| White Sea–Baltic Canal | Russia | 62°48′N 34°48′E﻿ / ﻿62.800°N 34.800°E﻿ / 62.800; 34.800 | Completed 1933In-operation | Atlantic Ocean (Baltic Sea)Arctic Ocean (White Sea) | | |
# Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague, Quebec

Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague, Quebec may refer to one of three communities:
* Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague, Chaudière-Appalaches, Quebec, a municipality in Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality
* Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague, Montérégie, Quebec, a parish in Beauharnois-Salaberry Regional County Municipality
* Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague-du-Cap-Tourmente, a parish in La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality
# If You Can't Join 'Em... Beat 'Em

If You Can't Join 'Em... Beat 'Em is the second studio album by DJ Format.

## Track listing

* "Intro"
* "3 Feet Deep" (featuring Abdominal & D-Sisive)
* "Participation Prerequisite" (featuring Abdominal)
* "Another One of Those Songs" (featuring D-Sisive)
* "The Turning Point"
* "Ugly Brothers" (featuring Abdominal)
* "Separated At Birth" (featuring Abdominal & D-Sisive)
* "The Place" (featuring Chali 2na & Akil)
* "Rap Machine" (featuring Abdominal)
* "Black Cloud"
* "I'm Good" (featuring Abdominal)
* "2,3.. Scrape (Remix)"

## Samples

"Participation Prerequisite" includes Power Montage by Keith Mansfield
# Shugoshin N terminal protein domain

In molecular biology, the protein domain named the Shugoshin N-terminal coiled-coil region is a domain found on the N-terminal region of the Shugoshin protein in eukaryotes. It has a role in attaching to the kinetochores, structures on the chromatids where microtubules attach. Shugoshin has a conserved coiled-coil N-terminal domain and a highly conserved C-terminal region. Shugoshin is a crucial target of Bub1 kinase that plays a central role in the cohesion of chromosomes during cell division.

## Function
### Shugoshin protein

The protein, Shugoshin, is actually Japanese for guardian spirit. Just as its name suggests, the Shugoshin protein guides chromosome cohesion during cell division. It does this by preventing the cohesin complex, which regulates chromatid separation, from prematurely dissociating. Shugoshin protein is thought to act by protecting two proteins, named Rec8 and Rad21 at the centromeres from protein degradation by the enzyme separase. This results in the sister chromatids remaining tethered.
Shugoshin also acts as a spindle checkpoint component. It senses tension between sister chromatids during mitosis, and it degrades when they separate preventing cell cycle arrest and chromosome loss. Human shugoshin is diffusible and mediates formation of kinetochore-microtubules during bipolar spindle assembly.

### N terminal domain

Recent studies indicate that the structure of the N-terminal Shugoshin may be important for centromeric localisation, this is because it has been observed that the N-terminal fragment was the only part of the protein to localise at the centromere. Another study has shown that the N-terminal region bundles short microtubules in vitro. This suggests that the N-terminal domain has a function in bundling microtubules at the centromere.

## Structure

The N-terminal domain of the Shugoshin protein is a coiled-coil which can be further described as a homodimeric parallel coiled-coil.
# Lasztonya

Lasztonya is a village in Zala County, Hungary.
# HMS Mystic

Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Mystic
* HMS Mystic (1915) was an Admiralty M-class destroyer, originally ordered as HMS Myrtle, but renamed before being launched in 1915. She was sold in 1921.
* HMS Mystic (J455) was an Algerine-class minesweeper launched in 1944 and scrapped in 1958.
# Stay Alive (Laura Jane Grace album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 73/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Clash | 7/10 |
| DIY | |
| Kerrang! | 4/5 |
| The Line of Best Fit | |
| Pitchfork | 6.8/10 |
Stay Alive is the debut solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Laura Jane Grace, released on October 1, 2020, through Polyvinyl Record Co. The album was written and recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic, when Grace was left without the ability to record with her band Against Me!, and thus made a solo album instead. The album was recorded over three days in Steve Albini's studio in Chicago. Prior to recording with Albini, Grace was in talks to record the album with Tim Armstrong of Rancid. Stay Alive was released as a surprise album with no promotion, but music videos were released for "The Swimming Pool Song", "Blood & Thunder", and "SuperNatural Possession".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Laura Jane Grace
# Lepipaschia inornata

Lepipaschia inornata is a species of snout moth in the genus Lepipaschia. It was described by Jay C. Shaffer and Maria Alma Solis in 1994, and is known from the Aldabra Atoll and Madagascar.
# HMS Friendship (1763)

HMS Friendship was a 4-gun single-masted cutter of the Royal Navy, purchased in 1763 for coastal patrol duties in the immediate aftermath of the Seven Years' War with France. After eight years of service in Start Bay in Devon, she was declared surplus to Navy requirements and sold out of service at Plymouth.

## Construction

Friendship was one of thirty cutters ordered to be purchased by the Royal Navy in three month from December 1762 to February 1763 for coastal duties off English ports. The function of these purchased cutters included convoy and patrol, the carrying of messages between Navy vessels in port and assisting the press gang in the interception of merchant craft.
Admiralty Orders for her purchase were issued on 16 February 1763 with the transaction completed for £316. She was a small craft, single-masted and with an overall length of 39 ft 7.5 in (12.1 m) including bowsprit, a 28 ft 1 in (8.6 m) keel, a beam of 19 ft 10 in (6.05 m) and measuring 60 47⁄94 tons burthen. At the time of purchase she had been at sea as a merchant vessel for three years.
On 8 April 1763 the newly purchased cutter was sailed to Woolwich Dockyard for fitting out as a Navy craft. Works ran for two months until 17 June, at a total cost of £501. As rebuilt for Navy service, she was armed with four three-pounder cannons and six 1⁄2-pounder swivel guns, with a complement of 24 crew.

## Naval service

War with France had ended before Friendship was ready for service. Despite this, commissioning went ahead in April 1763 and the vessel entered the Navy as a patrol cutter in Start Bay off Devon. Her first commander was Lieutenant Patrick Strachan, father of future Royal Navy Admiral Sir Richard Strachan. In 1766 command passed to Lieutenant Rowland Pigot, and then in 1768 to Lieutenant John Glover. Friendship remained at the same station throughout these changes of command. In September 1769 she captured a smuggler's vessel carrying two hundred gallons of brandy and a quantity of tea.
Friendship was paid off as surplus to Navy requirements in 1771. On 29 October she was sold out of service at Plymouth Dockyard for a final price of £100.
# Law enforcement in Rwanda

Rwanda's legal system is largely based on German and Belgian civil law systems and customary law.
* Rwanda National Police
* Rwanda Investigation Bureau

## Historical secret police organizations

* Service Central de Renseignements (SCR) (Central Information Service)
# Lepenica (Vladičin Han)

Lepenica is a village in the municipality of Vladičin Han, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 734 people.
# State Highway 38 (Andhra Pradesh)

State Highway 38 is a state highway in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

## Route

It starts at Bheemunipatnam (Vemulavalasa Junction) and passes through Pendurthi (Visakhapatnam), Sabbavaram, Chodavaram, Narsipatnam, Koyyuru, Rajavommangi, Addateegala, Rampachodavaram and ends at Devipatnam.
# Robert Grant Webster

Robert Grant Webster, JP (1845 – 14 January 1925) was a British barrister and Conservative Party politician.
Born in Marylebone, the only son of Robert Webster, an Edinburgh advocate, Robert Grant Webster was educated at Radley College and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he took first-class honours in political economy. After taking his degree in law, he was called to the bar by the Inner Temple in 1869. He also served for sixteen years in the 3rd Battalion of the South Lancashire Regiment. During the First World War, he commanded the 16th Divisional Column, Royal Field Artillery, achieving the rank of captain.
Webster stood unsuccessfully for the Conservative Party at Cockermouth in the 1880 UK general election, and at St Pancras East in 1885, but was elected there in 1886. He held his seat until he stood down in 1899.
Webster and wrote several books, including Shoulder to Shoulder, The Trade of the World, and The Law Relating to Canals.
# Lawrence Timmerman

Lawrence Timmerman may refer to:
* Lawrence J. Timmerman (1878–1959), American politician and lawyer
* Lawrence W. Timmerman (1910–2003), his son, member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
# Les Oluges

Les Oluges (Catalan pronunciation:) is a village in the comarca of Segarra, in the province of Lleida and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.
# Less Than Human (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
| Dotmusic | (7/10) 7/15/2005 |
| MusicOMH | (favorable) link |
| Okayplayer | link |
| Pitchfork Media | (8.1/10) 7/19/2005 |
| Rolling Stone | 7/28/2005 |
| Tiny Mix Tapes | link |
Less Than Human is the debut album by electronic artist The Juan MacLean, formerly of Six Finger Satellite. It was released on DFA Records in August 2005. The title is named after a track from the Der Half-Machine 10" that is not included in this album.

## Track listing

* "AD 2003" – 2:03
* "Shining Skinned Friend" – 4:27
* "Give Me Every Little Thing" – 5:25
* "Tito's Way" – 3:40
* "Love Is in the Air" – 2:54
* "In the Afternoon" – 1:52
* "My Time Is Running Out" – 5:21
* "Crush the Liberation" – 6:45
* "Dance with Me" – 14:07

## Production notes

* "ad 2003" (produced by the DFA with Juan MacLean)
* "Shining Skinned Friend" (produced by the DFA with Juan MacLean)
** Drums by Jerry Fuchs
** Vocals by Juan MacLean
** Additional vocals by Nancy Whang
* "Give Me Every Little Thing" (produced by the DFA with Juan MacLean)
** Vocals by James Murphy and Nancy Whang
** Words by James Murphy
* "Tito's Way" (produced by the DFA with Juan MacLean)
** Drums by Nick Atocha
** Words and vocals by Nancy Whang
** Additional vocals by Juan MacLean
* "Love Is in the Air" (produced by Juan MacLean)
* "In the Afternoon" (produced by the DFA with Juan McLean)
** Vocals by Juan MacLean and Nancy Whang
* "My Time Is Running Out" (produced by the DFA with Juan McLean)
** Vocals by Nancy Whang
* "Crush the Liberation" (produced by the DFA with Juan McLean)
** Vocals by Nancy Whang
** Contains sample from "I Got My Mind Made Up" by Instant Funk
* "Dance With Me" (produced by the DFA with Juan McLean)
** Words and vocals by Nancy Whang
# Statue of Almanzor, Algeciras

The Statue of Almanzor is a 2002 statue depicting the medieval Islamic Spanish ruler Almanzor. It originally sat in what are now believed to be Christian ruins in the southern Spanish city of Algeciras. It was removed in 2013 and has yet to be reinstalled.

## Design

The statue was the winning design in a competition. It is a modernist style statue made of bronze, and depicts Almanzor with a Quran in his right hand and a sword in the left.
Alberto Pérez de Vargas, a professor at Complutense University, said that "it would be difficult to find a qualifier that has not been applied to [Almanzor]; from 'Islam's El Cid' to 'The Beast', going through everything imaginable for good or evil". He organised raids against the Christian states of northern Spain, where his armies destroyed cities and took slaves.

## History

The statue was erected in Algeciras, Andalusia, Spain in 2002. Designed by Mariano Roldán, it was installed in ancient ruins on the one-thousandth anniversary of the death of Almanzor, a military leader of Islamic Spain and seen as one of the greatest leaders of Al-Andalus. It was originally located in the Marinid Walls of Algeciras before being removed for restoration.
In August 2013, the Algeciras City Hall, governed by People's Party, removed the statue in order to repair its patina and complete other restorations. The local Deputy for Culture, Pilar Pintor, said that it would be removed to a more historically relevant location after the original location, once thought to be archeological remains of an Islamic site, was re-assessed as Christian ruins. An ancient kiln, discovered in these ruins several years prior, was to be placed at the statue's original site, with the local council explaining that it signified the importance of ceramics in Algeciras' history.
In November 2016, with no update on the restoration of the statue, the matter was brought up in the City Hall by Leonor Rodríguez, a council member from the left-wing party Podemos. She accused the local government of hiding history. The following June, the statue was found covered in a sheet in a warehouse; Socialist Workers' Party councillor Fran Fernández accused the PP of not looking after local heritage.
As of August 2020, the statue is still not on public display.
# Statue of Alfred the Great

Statue of Alfred the Great may refer to:
* Statue of Alfred the Great, Pewsey
* Statue of Alfred the Great, Southwark
* Statue of Alfred the Great, Wantage
* Statue of Alfred the Great, Winchester
# HN3

HN3 may refer to:
* Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine or HN3, a nitrogen mustard
* Hydrazoic acid or HN$_3$
# HMS Vimiera

Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Vimiera, an alternative spelling of Vimeiro in Portugal, site of the Battle of Vimeiro. A third ship was planned, but was later renamed:
* HMS Vimiera (1808) was a 16-gun brig-sloop, formerly the French Pylade, launched in 1805. She was captured in 1808 and sold in 1814.
* HMS Vimiera (1917) was an Admiralty V-class destroyer launched in 1917 and sunk by a mine in 1942.
* HMS Vimiera was to have been a Battle-class destroyer. She was renamed HMS Danae and reordered as a Daring-class destroyer in 1945; the order was cancelled in 1946.
# HIV gag stem loop 3 (GSL3)

HIV gag stem loop 3 (GSL3) is a secondary structural component of the Retroviral Psi packaging element, also known as the psi recognition element. This domain plays a major role in RNA packaging and is located the 5’ untranslated region of the unspliced HIV-1 genome. GSL3 is known to direct specific packaging of HIV-1 genomic RNA. While deletion of GSL3 leads to decreases in both viral RNA packaging and dimerization, mutagenic studies have shown that it does not eliminate encapsulation of retroviral RNA.

## Pharmaceutical Advancements
### Interaction with NCp7

RNA encapsulation involves detection of the psi recognition element by the protein NCp7. NCp7 contains two successive zinc fingers which are linked by a stretch of basic residues. Their function is to activate annealing of primer tRNA to the initiation site (where reverse transcription occurs). During this process, GSL3 interacts with NCp7 specifically. Current pharmaceuticals utilized for HIV/AIDS treatment inhibit fundamental processes in the replication cycle of the retrovirus. This interaction is a potential point of inhibition.

### Inhibitory Ligands

Inhibitor development remains in an early phase. The challenge of synthesizing a compound with a simple molecular structure and low molecular weight in order to limit side interactions and the existence potentially detrimental stereoisomers requires both a computational and high-throughput approach. 2-((5-nitroquinolin-8-yl)thio)ethanol, a potential lead compound, is shown at right. It is selective for the loop structure of GSL3 over double and single stranded RNA. This implies that if released in a cell targeted by HIV, it would block the stem-loop and thus limit productive interaction with NCp7.
# Steenrod problem

In mathematics, and particularly homology theory, Steenrod's Problem (named after mathematician Norman Steenrod) is a problem concerning the realisation of homology classes by singular manifolds.

## Formulation

Let $M$ be a closed, oriented manifold of dimension $n$, and let $[M]\in H_{n}(M)$ be its orientation class. Here $H_{n}(M)$ denotes the integral, $n$-dimensional homology group of $M$. Any continuous map $f\colon M\to X$ defines an induced homomorphism $f_{*}\colon H_{n}(M)\to H_{n}(X)$. A homology class of $H_{n}(X)$ is called realisable if it is of the form $f_{*}[M]$ where $[M]\in H_{n}(M)$. The Steenrod problem is concerned with describing the realisable homology classes of $H_{n}(X)$.

## Results

All elements of $H_{k}(X)$ are realisable by smooth manifolds provided $k\leq 6$. Moreover, any cycle can be realized by the mapping of a pseudo-manifold.
The assumption that M be orientable can be relaxed. In the case of non-orientable manifolds, every homology class of $H_{n}(X,\mathbb {Z} _{2})$, where $\mathbb {Z} _{2}$ denotes the integers modulo 2, can be realized by a non-oriented manifold, $f\colon M^{n}\to X$.

## Conclusions

For smooth manifolds M the problem reduces to finding the form of the homomorphism $\Omega _{n}(X)\to H_{n}(X)$, where $\Omega _{n}(X)$ is the oriented bordism group of X. The connection between the bordism groups $\Omega _{*}$ and the Thom spaces MSO(k) clarified the Steenrod problem by reducing it to the study of the homomorphisms $H_{*}(\operatorname {MSO} (k))\to H_{*}(X)$. In his landmark paper from 1954, René Thom produced an example of a non-realisable class, $[M]\in H_{7}(X)$, where M is the Eilenberg–MacLane space $K(\mathbb {Z} _{3}\oplus \mathbb {Z} _{3},1)$.