OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lupien

Lupien may refer to:
* Gilles Lupien (1954–2021), Canadian ice hockey player
* Tabitha Lupien (born 1988), Canadian actress and competitive dancer
* Tony Lupien (1917–2004), American baseball player
* Yannick Lupien (born 1980), Canadian freestyle swimmer
* Bill Lupien (1941–2021), American business executive in the financial industry
* Ulysses J. Lupien (1883–1965), American government official and business executive
# Single jeopardy

Single jeopardy or variation, may refer to:
* the legal view that accused should not face double jeopardy, facing jeopardy twice, but only once, or singly, a single jeopardy; see Double jeopardy
* in jurisprudence, the first time that jeopardy is attached to a criminal proceeding; see Prejudice (legal term)
* the first instance of oppression in the triple oppression theory about discrimination and oppression
* Single Jeopardy!, a misnomer for the first round of the Jeopardy! TV quiz gameshow
# Stefano Marchand

Stefano Marchand (13 July 1755 – 1793) was a French merchant, whose journal of travels in the Pacific circa 1790-1792 was published in 1798 in Paris by Fleurieu.
Stefano was born in the then French colony of Grenada, and died in the then French colony of Mauritius. In his youth, he had traveled on merchant trade ships to the Antilles and India. On his return from Bengal in 1788, he met a captain Portlocke in St Helena who described his profitable trade in furs in the American Northwest. In December 1790, he was entrusted by a Marseille shipping group, Casa Baux, to travel on the vessel Solido to the American Northwest to trade for animal pelts. The first leg of his journey took him on June 12, 1791, past the Marquesas, from there traveling northwest, he claimed discovery of various islands previously visited by Captain Cook. His lengthy stays meant he only reached in August 7 to reach Cape of Edgecombe (near present-day Kruzof Island, Alaska). He proceeded north to Tchin Kitanae bay (also called Nordfolk Bay, now Sitka Sound), where he traded for otter pelts. He then moved to Nootka Sound and proceeded south along the coast. He left America on 8 September and made his way to the Hawaiian Islands. On 4 October he visited Oitaiti (Tahiti), and on 3 November reached Macao. However, Chinese authorities had prohibited the trading of fur at the port. He returned to France, stopping at Mauritius. He returned to Toulouse on 14 August 1792. While his trip was an economic failure, he was feted by the Revolutionary authorities for his travels.
His diaries were published as Viaggio a torno al mundi negli 1790, 1791, e 1792 di Stefano Marchand.
# Truncatellina costulata

Truncatellina costulata is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Truncatellinidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in:
* Czech Republic - in Bohemia and in Moravia.
* Slovakia
* Ukraine
# The Crucial Line

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Tunelabmusic.com | |
| alternativeaddition.com | |
| melodic.net | |
The Crucial Line is the debut album of Long Island rock band BulletProof Messenger and was self released in October 2006. The album was recorded and engineered by Matt Litwin, Voley Martin and Bob Stander and mastered by Tony Dawsey at Masterdisk in New York, NY.

## Track listing

Music by Matt Litwin and Voley Martin. Lyrics by Matt Litwin, Voley Martin, and Marcus Klavan.

## Personnel

* Marcus Klavan - Vocals
* Matt Litwin - Turntables/Programming/Beats/Guitar
* Voley Martin - Guitar/Bass/Drums
* Alex Straiter - Drums
# Julitta of Armenia

Julitta of Armenia, also known as Mariam of Armenia, (in Armenian: Ժուլիտտա (Julitta) or Մարիամ (Mariam)) was a figure of early Christianity. While her name and identity are difficult to establish, she is recognized as the wife of Gregory the Illuminator and the founding mother of the Gregorid dynasty, being the mother of Aristaces I and Vrtanes I.

## Biography
### Onomastic issues

While it is evident that Gregory the Illuminator was a married bishop, the name of his wife is very difficult to establish. In Agathangelos' work, both in the Greek and Armenian versions, she is named Julitta. In the 7th century, three centuries later, Movses Khorenatsi instead gave her the name Mariam. Thus, it remains particularly challenging to determine the original name of this figure, especially since Julitta, the earliest attested name, seems to be a confusion with a Cappadocian saint who died nearly 100 years before Gregory the Illuminator and is recognized for her maternal qualities in Christian hagiographies.

### Life

As with her name, her life is particularly difficult to establish. She seems to be of Byzantine origin, according to Agathangelos, who mentions that she married Gregory the Illuminator and had already given birth to their two sons in Caesarea before Gregory moved to Armenia. In the two versions of Agathangelos' work, there is a significant difference; in the Greek version, which is older and less revised by Armenian ecclesiastical authorities, she followed Gregory to Armenia after his release by Tiridates, while in the Armenian version, more revised, she never joined him from the moment he started preaching. This discrepancy might have been an attempt to conceal Gregory's marriage by artificially separating it from his life as a bishop. Robert W. Thomson, who studied the different versions of Agathangelos, sees this concealment as a desire of the Armenian Apostolic Church to present Gregory as a monastic figure who could not be married, or from whom all ties to any marriage must be erased, especially from the moment he began to preach. However, the Greek version seems more accurate in this regard, and while the given name is not clear, the subsequent events, where she joined her husband after his release and the beginning of the destruction of pagan temples, seems correct.
In contrast, Movses Khorenatsi mentioned that she was given in marriage to Gregory by a pious man named David, without further details of place or date.
Although her life is complex to approach and accurately grasp, due to very incomplete or contradictory primary sources, she gave birth to Aristaces I and Vrtanes I in Caesarea and thus, with her husband, founded the Gregorid dynasty, which later played a major role in the history of Armenia.
# Wigmore Street

Wigmore Street is a street in the City of Westminster, in the West End of London. The street runs for about 600 yards parallel and to the north of Oxford Street between Portman Square to the west and Cavendish Square to the east. It is named after the village of Wigmore and its castle in Herefordshire, a seat of the family of Robert Harley, politician around the time of Queen Anne, who owned land in the area.
Numbers 18-22 Wigmore Street, the Brinsmead Galleries, were built in 1892, designed by Leonard V. Hunt for John Brinsmead & Sons piano manufacturers. There are nine showrooms. The well-known Wigmore Hall concert hall (at No 36 Wigmore Street) was also built by a piano manufacturers, the German company C. Bechstein Pianofortefabrik in 1899–1901, with a showroom next door. It is located on the north side, just to the east of the junction with Welbeck Street.
For about a hundred years beginning in the late 19th century, Wigmore Street had a great concentration of optometrists, dispensing opticians, makers of ophthalmic instruments, and related professions. Harley Street and Wimpole Street, famous for their private medical practices, are nearby and have junctions with Wigmore Street. The veteran pharmacy John Bell & Croyden has been located in premises on the street since 1912.
Number 95 Wigmore Street was the location of the original offices of the Beatles' Apple Corps in 1968 prior to their move to Savile Row.
The nearest tube stations are on Oxford Street, which runs south of and parallel to Wigmore Street: Marble Arch, located to the south-west; Bond Street to the south, and Oxford Circus to the south-east.
The corner of Wimpole and Wigmore Streets features in the famous legal case about causing a "nuisance" between neighbours – Sturges v. Bridgman (1879).
# Telephone numbers in Madagascar

Telephone numbers in Madagascar are seven digits long, the first two digits being an area code.
Recent ITU documents suggest the area code is preceded by a two digit operator code, for example "20" for Telecom Malagasy.

## International numbering plan

International numbering format: +261 AB Z PQMCDU
where:
* +261 international prefix
* AB operator code (two digits for each operator)
* Z area code (described as administrative area)
* PQMCDU subscriber number

### Country code 261

    Country code 261 for all existing telecommunication networks in Madagascar.

### AB – operator code

    Each operator is identified by two digits described by the characters AB:
   * 20-29 identification code for fixed service operators,
   * 30-39 identification code for mobile service operators

### Z – area code valid for Telecom Malagasy (fixed-service operator)

    Madagascar is divided into six zones:
   * Z = 2 Antananarivo zone
   * Z = 4 Antananarivo zone (rest of the province)
   * Z = 5 Toamasina zone
   * Z = 6 Mahajanga zone
   * Z = 7 Fianarantsoa zone
   * Z = 8 Antsiranana zone
   * Z = 9 Toliara zone

## National numbering plan

At national level, a closed numbering system of seven digits is used. That is, all subscriber numbers requested to the same operator Telecom Malagasy (local and national) can be obtained by dialling seven digits (ZPQMCDU).

## List of National Destination codes in Madagascar

| Operator code (AB) | Type | Operator |
| 20 | Geographic number | Telecom Malagasy |
| 22 | Non geographic number | Gulfsat Madagascar |
| 32 | Non geographic number | Orange Madagascar |
| 33 | Non geographic number | Airtel Madagascar |
| 34 or 38 | Non geographic number | Telma mobile |
| 39 | Non geographic number | bip Madagascar |

## List of area codes in Madagascar

LIST OF AREA CODES :
| Area Code (ZP) | Area Code (AB ZP) (ITU) | Area/City |
| 22 | 20 22 | Antananarivo |
| 42 | — | Ambatolampy |
| 44 | — | Antsirabe |
| 47 | — | Ambositra |
| 48 | — | Mid-West Madagascar |
| 53 | 20 53 | Toamasina |
| 54 | 20 54 | Ambatondrazaka |
| 56 | 20 56 | Moramanga |
| 57 | — | Maroantsetra |
| — | 20 57 | Sainte Marie |
| 62 | 20 62 | Mahajanga |
| 67 | 20 67 | Antsohihy |
| — | 20 69 | Maintirano |
| 72 | — | Manakara — Mananjary |
| — | 20 722 | Manakara |
| — | 20 729 | Mananjary |
| 73 | 20 73 | Farafangana |
| 75 | 20 75 | Fianarantsoa |
| 82 | 20 82 | Antsiranana (Diego Suarez) |
| 86 | 20 86 | Nosy Be |
| 88 | 20 88 | Sambava |
| 92 | 20 92 | Fort Dauphin |
| 94 | 20 94 | Toliary (Tulear) |
| 95 | 20 95 | Morondava |
# Herman Bemberg

Herman Emanuel Bemberg Ocampo (29 March 1859 – 21 July 1931) was a German-Argentine composer.

## Life

He was born in Paris (or most probably in Buenos Aires) of German Argentine parents (Otto Bemberg 1827–95 and Luisa Bernabela Ocampo Regueira 1831–1904) and studied at the Paris Conservatoire, under Massenet, whose influence, with that of Gounod, is strongly marked in his music. He won the Rossini Prize in 1885. As a composer, he was known by numerous songs and pieces for the piano, as well as by his cantata La Mort de Jeanne d'Arc (1886), the comic opera Le Baiser de Suzon (1888), and the grand opera Elaine (produced at Covent Garden and starring the great Australian soprano Nellie Melba in 1892).
Among Bemberg's songs the dramatic recitative Ballade du Desespere was well known, and Chant Hindou was quite popular and frequently included in anthologies. He died in Bern, Switzerland.
# Single malt

Single malt may refer to:
* Single malt arrangement, a tax structure used by U.S. corporations in Ireland
* Single malt whisky, a malt whisky from a single distillery
** Single malt Scotch, a malt whisky from a single Scotch distillery
# Truncatella scalarina

Truncatella scalarina is a species of very small land snail that lives next to seawater, a gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Truncatellidae.

## Distribution and habitat

This small snail is endemic to southeastern Australia: New South Wales and Tasmania. It lives at and above the high tide level, in and under debris.

## Description

The average shell length is 8 mm.
# Aiston

Aiston is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* George Aiston (1879–1943), Australian ethnographer and outback pioneer
* Mark Aiston, Australian sports journalist and sports presenter
* Sam Aiston (born 1976), English footballer
# Wiener–Lévy theorem

Wiener–Lévy theorem is a theorem in Fourier analysis, which states that a function of an absolutely convergent Fourier series has an absolutely convergent Fourier series under some conditions. The theorem was named after Norbert Wiener and Paul Lévy.
Norbert Wiener first proved Wiener's 1/f theorem, see Wiener's theorem. It states that if f has absolutely convergent Fourier series and is never zero, then its inverse 1/f also has an absolutely convergent Fourier series.

## Wiener–Levy theorem

Paul Levy generalized Wiener's result, showing that
Let $F(\theta )=\sum \limits _{k=-\infty }^{\infty }c_{k}e^{ik\theta },\quad \theta \in [0,2\pi ]$ be an absolutely convergent Fourier series with
    $\|F\|=\sum \limits _{k=-\infty }^{\infty }|c_{k}|<\infty .$
The values of $F(\theta )$ lie on a curve $C$, and $H(t)$ is an analytic (not necessarily single-valued) function of a complex variable which is regular at every point of $C$. Then $H[F(\theta )]$ has an absolutely convergent Fourier series.
The proof can be found in the Zygmund's classic book Trigonometric Series.

## Example

Let $H(\theta )=\ln(\theta )$ and $F(\theta )=\sum \limits _{k=0}^{\infty }p_{k}e^{ik\theta },(\sum \limits _{k=0}^{\infty }p_{k}=1$) is characteristic function of discrete probability distribution. So $F(\theta )$ is an absolutely convergent Fourier series. If $F(\theta )$ has no zeros, then we have
    $H[F(\theta )]=\ln \left(\sum \limits _{k=0}^{\infty }p_{k}e^{ik\theta }\right)=\sum _{k=0}^{\infty }c_{k}e^{ik\theta },$
where $\|H\|=\sum \limits _{k=0}^{\infty }|c_{k}|<\infty .$
The statistical application of this example can be found in discrete pseudo compound Poisson distribution and zero-inflated model.
    $P(z)=\sum \limits _{i=0}^{\infty }P_{i}z^{i}=\exp \left\{\sum \limits _{i=1}^{\infty }\alpha _{i}\lambda (z^{i}-1)\right\},z=e^{ik\theta }$
where $\sum \limits _{i=1}^{\infty }\alpha _{i}=1$, $\sum \limits _{i=1}^{\infty }\left|\alpha _{i}\right|<\infty$, $\alpha _{i}\in \mathbb {R}$, and $\lambda >0$. Then $X$ is said to have the discrete pseudo compound Poisson distribution, abbreviated DPCP.
We denote it as $X\sim DPCP({\alpha _{1}}\lambda ,{\alpha _{2}}\lambda ,\cdots )$.
# Sarah McGrath

Sarah McGrath (born 1972) is an American philosopher and professor of philosophy at Princeton University. She is known for her works on meta-ethics and moral epistemology.

## Books

* Moral Knowledge, Oxford University Press 2019
# Hervey Bagot

Sir Hervey Bagot, 1st Baronet (8 February 1591 – 27 December 1660) was an English MP.
He was born in Checkley, Staffordshire, the son of Walter Bagot and Elizabeth Cave. He matriculated at Trinity College, Oxford University on 18 November 1608. Until his first marriage he lived in Checkley and then moved to Field Hall, near the family's ancestral Blithfield home.
He was High Sheriff of Staffordshire in 1626 and Member of Parliament (MP) for Staffordshire in 1628–29 and 1641–42. He was created 1st Baronet Bagot of Blithfield Hall in the Baronetage of England on 31 May 1627.

## Family

Bagot married twice; firstly Katherine Adderley, daughter of Humphrey Adderley, Esq. Lord of the Manor of Weddington, Warwickshire and Gentleman of the Wardrobe to King Henry VIII, King Edward VI, Queen Mary I and Queen Elizabeth I. By his first wife he had six children, including his successor Edward and Richard.
Secondly, Ann Fisher, daughter of Sir Clement Fisher.
Bagot died at Field Hall and was buried at Blithfield; his title was inherited by his eldest surviving son Edward.

## Legacy and the Virginia Line

A probable nephew of Hervey Bagot, John Bagot, married Martha Mathews, and went to the Thirteen Colonies. This John changed the family name to Baggett and started the American branch of the Bagot/Baggett family. He lived in either Surry County or Isle of Wight County, Virginia.
# Luo Longji

Luo Longji (Chinese: 罗隆基; pinyin: Luo Longji; July 30, 1898 – December 7, 1965) was a Chinese politician and famous intellectual. Luo has been called the "China's number two rightist". He and Hu Shih collaborated to research and promote human rights in China, which made them one of the earliest prolific liberals in the People's Republic of China. Because he advocated for setting committees to rehabilitate the wronged people in previous Communist repressions, he was attacked by Wu Han during the Anti-Rightist Campaign and persecuted accordingly.
# 35th Armor Regiment

The 35th Armored Regiment is a regiment of the United States Army first established in 1941. The lineage of the regiment is carried on by the 1st Battalion 35th Armored Regiment, currently attached to the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division.

## Distinctive unit insignia

* Description
A Silver color and metal enamel device 1+1⁄8 inches (2.9 cm) in height overall blazoned as follows: Vert, an armadillo passant Argent, langued Gules. Attached above from a wreath Argent and Vert, a fleur-de-lis Gules in front of palm branch of the first. Attached below a tripartite Silver scroll inscribed "VINCERE" "VEL" "MORI" in Green letters.
* Symbolism
The shield is green, the color of the Armored Force. The armadillo, being characterized by the qualities of invulnerability, ferociousness, protection, and cunning endurance, alludes to the elements which are vital if the organization is to pursue successfully its duties. The palm is for military victory. The fleur-de-lis commemorates World War II service in France. The color red symbolizes courage. The motto translates to "To Conquer or Die".
* Background
The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 35th Armored Regiment on 1 June 1942. It was redesignated for the 35th Tank Battalion on 12 November 1943. The insignia was redesignated for the 35th Constabulary Squadron on 29 November 1946. It was redesignated for the 35th Tank Battalion and amended by the addition of a crest on 20 August 1956. It was amended to change the description on 14 March 1957. The insignia was redesignated for the 35th Armor Regiment on 22 September 1958.

## Coat of arms
### Blazon

* Shield
Vert, an armadillo passant Argent, langued Gules.
* Crest
From a wreath Argent and Vert, a fleur-de-lis Gules in front of a palm branch of the first. Motto VINCERE VEL MORI (To Conquer Or Die).
** Symbolism
* Shield
The shield is green, the color of the Armored Force. The armadillo, being characterized by the qualities of invulnerability, ferociousness, protection, and cunning endurance, alludes to the elements which are vital if the organization is to pursue successfully its duties.
* Crest
The palm is for military victory. The fleur-de-lis commemorates World War II service in France.
* Background
The coat of arms was originally approved for the 35th Armored Regiment on 30 May 1942. It was redesignated for the 35th Tank Battalion on 12 November 1943. The insignia was redesignated for the 35th Constabulary Squadron on 26 November 1946. It was redesignated for the 35th Tank Battalion and amended by the addition of a crest on 20 August 1956. It was amended to change the blazon on 14 March 1957. The insignia was redesignated for the 35th Armor Regiment on 22 September 1958.

## Current configuration

* 1st Battalion, 35th Armored Regiment
* 2d Battalion, 35th Armored Regiment
* 3d Battalion, 35th Armored Regiment
* 4th Battalion, 35th Armored Regiment
# Tributyltin hydride

Tributyltin hydride is an organotin compound with the formula (C$_4$H$_9$)$_3$SnH. It is a colorless liquid that is soluble in organic solvents. The compound is used as a source of hydrogen atoms in organic synthesis.

## Synthesis and characterization

The compound is produced by reduction of tributyltin oxide with polymethylhydrosiloxane:
    2 "[MeSi(H)O]$_n$" + (Bu$_3$Sn)$_2$O → "[MeSi(OH)O]$_n$" + 2 Bu$_3$SnH
It can also be synthesized by a reduction of tributyltin chloride with lithium aluminium hydride.
The hydride is a distillable liquid that is mildly sensitive to air, decomposing to (Bu$_3$Sn)$_2$O. Its IR spectrum exhibits a strong band at 1814 cm$^{−1}$ for ν$_{Sn−H}$.

## Applications

It is a specialized reagent in organic synthesis. Combined with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or by irradiation with light, tributyltin hydride converts organic halides (and related groups) to the corresponding hydrocarbon. This process occurs via a radical chain mechanism involving the radical Bu$_3$Sn$^•$. The radical abstracts a H$^•$ from another equivalent of tributyltin hydride, propagating the chain. Tributyltin hydride's utility as a H$^•$ donor can be attributed to its relatively weak bond strength (78 kcal/mol).
It is the reagent of choice for hydrostannylation reactions:
    RC$_2$R′ + HSnBu$_3$ → RC(H)=C(SnBu$_3$)R′
# Alap, Hungary

Alap is a village in Fejér county, Hungary.