OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stan Applebaum

Stanley Seymour Applebaum (March 1, 1922 – February 23, 2019) was an American composer, arranger, musician and conductor. He arranged the orchestration on many pop hit records, most notably in the early 1960s, including The Drifters' "Save the Last Dance for Me"; Ben E. King's "Spanish Harlem" and "Stand By Me"; Brian Hyland's "Sealed with a Kiss"; and Neil Sedaka's "Breaking Up Is Hard to Do".

## Life and career

Applebaum was born in Newark, New Jersey, United States. He started playing piano aged 7, after a doctor suggested it would help heal a broken finger, and began taking lessons. By the age of 12 he had started writing arrangements for his school band, and played at local weddings and events, and in clubs. He wrote arrangements for Cootie Williams, Lucky Millinder, and others, before serving in World War II in Germany, where he joined the US Army band. After leaving the military, he joined music publishers Edwin H. Morris & Co, and began composing. His reputation as an arranger grew, and he worked with bandleaders such as Benny Goodman, Harry James and Charlie Ventura, as well as Jimmy Durante. He is co-credited as writer of the Billy Eckstine and Sarah Vaughan hit "Passing Strangers". Mort Palitz of Jubilee Records asked Applebaum to arrange songs on a 1958 album, Scotch Mist, by Marilynn Lovell, and he also orchestrated Al Martino's 1959 album Swing Along.
He stated
   I learned different types of music and got gigs playing Greek, Polish, Italian and Jewish weddings. This diversity and understanding of different styles kept growing every day and became one of my most valuable skills for the rest of my life.
He studied under German composer Stefan Wolpe, and became acquainted with fellow student Mike Stoller. Working with Leiber and Stoller, Applebaum began orchestrating some of their recordings. He arranged the orchestration on "There Goes My Baby" by the Drifters, the first R&B record to use strings, and continued to work with the two producers and lead singer Ben E. King on his solo hits "Spanish Harlem" and "Stand By Me". Among the other recording artists whose hits were arranged by Applebaum were Connie Francis, Neil Sedaka, Brook Benton, Brian Hyland, Joanie Sommers, and Bobby Vinton. In all, Applebaum is credited with working on over 25 top 10 hit records. In 1963, Warner Bros. Records released the album Hollywood's Bad but Beautiful Girls, credited to Applebaum and featuring his piano playing.
Applebaum was also a prolific writer of over 1,500 commercials, notably writing the Pan Am jingle "Makes the Going Great" – later the basis of a ballet by George Balanchine – and winning four Clio Awards. He also wrote a number of piano instruction books. From the 1980s, he was for fifteen years the principal orchestrator and arranger for the New York Pops. He wrote for orchestras including the New York Philharmonic and the London Philharmonic. He also wrote the orchestrations for the 1986 Broadway musical, Raggedy Ann.
In 2018, he donated his archives to the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. He died in 2019, aged 96.
# Gau Southern Hanover-Brunswick

Gau Southern Hanover–Brunswick (German: Gau Südhannover–Braunschweig) was a de facto administrative division of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945 in the Free State of Brunswick and part of the Free State of Prussia. Before that, from its formation on 1 October 1928 to 1933, it was the regional subdivision of the Nazi Party in that area. Gau Southern Hanover-Brunswick was abolished after Germany's defeat in 1945. The territory after the war became part of Lower Saxony in West Germany.

## History

The Nazi Gau (plural Gaue) system was originally established in a party conference on 22 May 1926, in order to improve administration of the party structure. From 1933 onward, after the Nazi seizure of power, the Gaue increasingly replaced the German states as administrative subdivisions in Germany.
At the head of each Gau stood a Gauleiter, a position which became increasingly more powerful, especially after the outbreak of the Second World War, with little interference from above. Local Gauleiters often held government positions as well as party ones and were in charge of, among other things, propaganda and surveillance and, from September 1944 onward, the Volkssturm and the defense of the Gau.
The position of Gauleiter in Southern Hanover-Brunswick was initially held by Bernhard Rust from October 1928 until November 1940 and then by Hartmann Lauterbacher until the end of the war.
# Lidia Vallarino

Lidia Vallarino (1930–2017) was an inorganic chemist who was chemistry lecturer at the University of Milan. In the 1950s and 19960s, she was a rare example of a well-published female active in coordination chemistry and organometallic chemistry.
Vallarino received her PhD in 1954 from the University of Milan under the supervision of L. Malatesta for work on isocyanide complexes. She later took a position at ICI Laboratories under Joseph Chatt, where she worked on diene complexes of the platinum group metals. As an independent scientist, she worked on both organorhodium chemistry and macrocyclic complexes of the lanthanides. She retired as professor of chemistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.
# Henry Brodribb Irving

Henry Brodribb Irving may refer to:
* Henry Irving, actor, 1838 - 1905
* Harry Brodribb Irving, actor, his son, 1870 - 1919
# Rugby union in the Philippines

Rugby union in the Philippines is a minor but growing sport.

## Governing body

The Philippine Rugby Football Union governs operations, tournaments, and development efforts of the sport in the Philippines and was founded in 1999.

## History

Like many other Asian countries, early rugby in the Philippines was dominated by expatriates, who tended not to spread the game to the local population. Expatriates were of British, Australian, New Zealand, and to a lesser extent American of origin.
The game has since spread to the local population, the roots of which are in international schools, maritime institutions, and charitable foundations. Club development is particularly young.
The Philippines takes part in the Pacific Asia region of the Asian Five Nations. The Philippines managed to qualify for the main Asian Five Nations tournament in 2013 after finishing first in Division I in the 2012 Asian Five Nations division tournaments. They only won one game out of five, defeating the United Arab Emirates avoiding relegation back to Division I of the division tournament. They also took part in the 2013 Rugby World Cup Sevens in Russia, wherein they were defeated by Japan in the Bowl quarterfinals.

## Development Efforts

The PRFU has many rugby development programs. Many of which, target the grassroots development of the sport for the sustainability of talent.
Rugby 101 is an open for all clinic that is run by PRFU Development officers where beginners are exposed to rugby in a progressive manner.
A salient feature of the union is the joint development and corporate social responsibility is the Foundation Club Program. The union is linked to various partner charitable institutions with direct human constituency.
# Rufous-capped nunlet

The rufous-capped nunlet (Nonnula ruficapilla) is a species of near-passerine bird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.

## Taxonomy and systematics

These four subspecies of rufous-capped nunlet are generally recognized:
* N. r. rufipectus Chapman (1928)
* N. r. ruficapilla Tschudi (1844)
* N. r. inundata Novaes (1991)
* N. r. nattereri Hellmayr (1921)
The grey-cheeked nunlet (N. frontalis) and brown nunlet (N. brunnea) have sometimes been suggested to be conspecific with the rufous-capped nunlet. Alternatively, one subspecies grey-capped nunlet, N. f. pallescens, has been suggested to instead be a subspecies of rufous-capped nunlet. The rufous-capped, grey-cheeked, and chestnut-headed (N. amaurocephala) nunlets form a superspecies.

## Description

The rufous-capped nunlet is about 14 cm (5.5 in) long and weighs 14 to 22 g (0.49 to 0.78 oz). The nominate subspecies has a large rich chestnut crown. The rest of the face, its nape, and the sides of the breast are cold gray. The rest of the upperparts are plain dull brown with some reddish highlights. The chin and breast are reddish orange, the flanks a paler rufous, and the central underparts whitish. The bill is mostly silvery blue, the eye brown with a bare reddish ring around it, and the feet dark brownish gray. N. r. rufipectus has a darker cap and brighter breast than the nominate, N. r. nattereri a darker cap and duller breast, and N. r. inundata is darker and duller than nattereri.

## Distribution and habitat

The subspecies of rufous-capped nunlet are distributed thus:
* N. r. rufipectus, northeastern Peru
* N. r. ruficapilla, eastern Peru and western Brazil south of the Amazon River
* N. r. inundata, along the Tocantins River in eastern Pará, Brazil
* N. r. nattereri, northern Bolivia and Brazil's Mato Grosso and western Pará states
The species inhabits the undergrowth and subcanopy of a variety of landscapes, including terra firme, secondary, and transitional forest; forest along rivers and streams, and igapó. It most often associates with bamboo, especially thickets along river edges, but not exclusively. In hilly forested country it is often found along streams.

## Behavior
### Feeding

Specimens of rufous-capped nunlet had insect remains in their stomachs. No other information about its diet or feeding behavior has been published.

### Breeding

Nothing is known about the rufous-capped nunlet's breeding phenology.
* Songs and calls
* Listen to rufous-capped nunlet on xeno-canto

### Vocalization

The rufous-capped nunlet's song is a "long series (13–30 notes) of sharp, clear, short, upward-inflected whistles , 'fwick!-fwick!'...the series slightly softer and lower in pitch near beginning and end."

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the rufous-capped nunlet as being of Least Concern. Though it has a very large range, its population is unknown and believed to be decreasing. It is fairly common in Brazil, less so in Peru, and uncommon to rare in Bolivia.
# Rufous-brown solitaire

The rufous-brown solitaire (Cichlopsis leucogenys) is a species of bird in the thrush family Turdidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
# Light Commando Battalion

The Light Commando Battalions (LCB) are commando units of the Pakistan Army, tasked with special operations and counter-terrorism. Each battalion is affiliated with but not part of an Army infantry regiment.
The LCB (Punjab) took part in defending military bases, which were attacked by militants on 15th August 2014. On 15 April 2015, the LCB (Punjab) held an open day for select members of the public to let them see the work of the unit, as part of a public awareness campaign. A company from Light Commando Battalion (Punjab) was allocated to the security measures for the 2021 tour by the New Zealand cricket team before it was cancelled.
In June 2017, 2 LCB (Baloch) participated in a raid, with other units, on a suspected militant base in Mastung, Balochistan.
The LCB (Azad Kashmir) participated in the Pakistan Day parade in Islamabad on 23 March 2022.

## List

* 1 Light Commando Battalion (Punjab) (Al-Mirsab Battalion)
* 2 Light Commando Battalion (Baloch)(The pioneers)
* 3 Light Commando Battalion (FF)
* 4 Light Commando Battalion (Azad Kashmir)(Lazzaz)
* 5 Light Commando Battalion (Sindh)
* 6 Light Commando Battalion (NLI)
* 7 Light Commando Battalion (Punjab)(Al Mubarizun)
* 8 Light Commando Battalion (Baloch)(Al Khursan)
* 9 Light Commando Battalion (FF)
* 10 Light Commando Battalion (Azad Kashmir)(Al Faqqar)
# Lichenophanes fasciculatus

Lichenophanes fasciculatus is a species of horned powder-post beetle in the family Bostrichidae. It is found in North America.
# Liepmann

Liepmann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hans W. Liepmann (1914–2009), German American engineer, emeritus professor of aeronautics at the California Institute of Technology
* Heinrich Liepmann (1904-1983), German-British political economist
* Heinz Liepmann (1905–1966), German writer and journalist
* Hugo Liepmann (1863–1925), German neurologist
# Sunsets (poem)

Soleils couchants ("Sunsets", or "Setting Suns") is a set of six poems, or a six-part poem, by Victor Hugo. The poems were written individually and grouped together later. The first of the poems was written 1828, and grouped together in 1831 in the collection Les Feuilles d'automne. According to his wife, he was inspired to write the poems by his experiences of watching the sunsets at Vanves and Montrouge with two of his friends; after nightfall, they would retire to the Rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs [fr], where they would urge him to recite the verses he had composed in his head while taking in the sights.
# Rurik (given name)

Rurik was a semi-legendary Varangian chieftain of the Rus'. Other people with the given name Ryurik or Rurik include:
* Rurik Rostislavich (died 1092) [ru], East Slavic prince
* Rurik Rostislavich (died 1215), East Slavic prince
* Rúrik Gíslason, Icelandic professional footballer
* Ryurik Ivnev, Russian poet, novelist and translator
* Ryurik Lonin, Russian collector of Veps folklore
# List of Ahmadu Bello University chancellors

This is the list of Ahmadu Bello University chancellors since inception on 4 October 1962. Ahmadu Bello University chancellor is the ceremonial, titular and non-resident head of the university
| S/N | Name | Investiture | Remark |
| 1 | Sir, Ahmadu Bello, (KBE), (GCON) | 1962 -1966 | Sardauna of Sokoto, Premier of Northern Nigeria |
| 2 | Oba, Akenzua II | 1966–1972 | Oba of Benin |
| 3 | Sir, Egbert Udo Udoma (KJW) | 1972–1975 | Former, Chief Justice of Uganda, and justice of the Nigerian Supreme Court |
| 4 | Chief, Obafemi Awolowo, (CFR) | 1975–1979 | Premier of Western Nigeria |
| 5 | Barkindo Aliyu Musdapha, (CFR) | 1979–2010 | Lamido of Adamawa |
| 6 | Muhammad Sa'ad Abubakar, (CFR), (mni) | 2010–2015 | Sultan of Sokoto |
| 7 | Igwe, Nnaemeka A. U. Achebe, (CFR), (mni) | 2015– | Obi of Onitsha |
# Rupsi

Rupsi is a village in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia.
# Rugby union in Martinique

Rugby union in Martinique is a minor, but growing sport.

## Governing body

The Comité Territorial de Rugby de la Martinique is a committee under the umbrella of the French Rugby Federation which is the governing body for rugby union within French Guiana.
The committee is not affiliated to the IRB in its own right, but it is affiliated to NACRA, (formerly NAWIRA), which is the regional governing body for North America and the Caribbean.

## History

Rugby was introduced to Martinique by the French who colonised the area. More talented players tend to leave for Metropolitan France.
There have been occasional games against sides from the other Caribbean islands. Most of its rugby contacts are either with them, or with France itself.
Martinique competes in the NACRA Caribbean Championship, a tournament which includes Trinidad and Tobago, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Jamaica, the Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Antigua and Guyana.
# Susan E. Connolly

Susan E. Connolly is an Irish fiction and non-fiction writer who has worked in comics, screenwriting, short fiction and novels. In March 2021, Connolly was announced to be attached as the lead writer of Zom-B, a television series adaptation of the novel series of the same name by Darren Shan. In 2022, Connolly wrote two episodes of the six-part television crime drama Redemption.

## Life and career

Connolly was born Susan Elizabeth Connolly in Ireland where she was educated and completed a degree in Veterinary Medicine and a diploma in Statistics at University College Dublin. She completed a PhD in St John's College, University of Cambridge, in the Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit.
While in UCD Connolly worked as the Science & Technology Editor as well as the Comment & Opinion Editor for The University Observer, the university's award-winning student newspaper. Her first novel, Damsel, was published by Mercier Press in 2009 under the pen name S.E.Connolly, while her historical comic book, Gráinne O’Malley: Queen’s Gambit, was published by Atomic Diner in 2015. Connolly was the winner of the BBC’s Scriptroom 7. She was selected for European Writers Club 2022 – Boosting Ideas. Connolly has also had work published by Clarkesworld, Strange Horizons and The Center For Digital Ethics.

## Screenwriting

* Redemption (2022)
# Survivor (horse)

Survivor was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He was foaled in Kentucky in 1870 and is best known as the winner of the first running of the Preakness Stakes in 1873 at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland. Survivor's record winning margin of 10 lengths lasted for 131 years until Smarty Jones won in 2004 by 111⁄2 lengths during his bid for the Triple Crown.

## Background

Survivor was bred in Kentucky in 1870 at Ashland Stud, owned by John Morrison Clay. His dam was a mare named Millie J, and he was sired by Vandal, who would go to sire a number of other stakes winners. Survivor was sold for $1,000 to John Chamberlin.

## Racing career

Survivor was trained by Allen Davis Pryor, a son of the famous horse trainer John Benjamin Pryor. He started only twice as a two-year-old, not winning either race. Survivor entered his three-year-old season as a maiden.

### 1873 Preakness Stakes

The most important race in Survivor's career was the inaugural running of the Preakness Stakes in 1873. The race, run on May 27, had seven entrants. The race's favorite was Catesby, who'd already set records as a two-year-old. Little was expected of Survivor, whose odds sat at 11–1. However, Survivor, ridden by future hall of fame jockey George Barbee, ended up winning the race by ten lengths, a record that stood until 2004. His final time was 2:43.

### Later career

Following his win in the Preakness, Survivor raced in the Monmouth Cup, coming fourth. Later that year, he won the Sequel Stakes at Monmouth, as well as a match race and a race at Jerome Park.
Survivor missed the 1874 season due to an injury, but returned to racing the following year after being sold to a new owner, A. M. Burton. He started 21 times that year, winning seven. In 1876 he had eight starts, and won five. Overall, Survivor had 37 starts during his career, and won 16.

## Death

Survivor died during spring of 1878 in Louisiana. His death was announced on April 13.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Survivor :
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Glencoe I 1831 | Sultan | Selim |
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Glencoe I 1831 | Sultan | Bacchante |
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Glencoe I 1831 | Trampoline | Tramp |
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Glencoe I 1831 | Trampoline | Web |
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Tranby Mare 1840 | Tranby | Blacklock |
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Tranby Mare 1840 | Tranby | Orville Mare |
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Tranby Mare 1840 | Lucilla | Trumpator |
| Sire Vandal 1850 | Tranby Mare 1840 | Lucilla | Lucy |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Lexington 1850 | Boston | Timoleon |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Lexington 1850 | Boston | Sister to Tuckahoe |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Lexington 1850 | Alice Carneal | Sarpedon |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Lexington 1850 | Alice Carneal | Rowena |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Cripple Mare Unknown | Cripple | Medoc |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Cripple Mare Unknown | Cripple | Grecian Princess |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Cripple Mare Unknown | Lance Mare | Lance |
| Dam Millie J Unknown | Cripple Mare Unknown | Lance Mare | Buzzard Mare |
# Henry Foley (New Zealand cricketer)

Henry Foley (28 January 1906 – 16 October 1948) was a New Zealand Test cricketer who played first-class cricket for Wellington from 1927 to 1933. He played in New Zealand's first Test match.

## Personal life

Foley went to school at Wellington College and then attended Victoria College, where he gained Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Commerce degrees.

## Domestic career

Foley made his first-class debut at the start of the 1927–28 season playing for The Rest against the New Zealand side that had just returned from its tour of England. In his only innings in a rain-ruined match he made 66 not out batting at number seven, then took the wicket of Stewie Dempster. In a similar match a week later he made 3 and 35 not out, batting at number eight. Making his Plunket Shield debut for Wellington a few weeks later, he opened the innings and made 28 not out to steer his side to a five-wicket victory over Canterbury. In the next match, against Otago, he made his only first-class century, 136 not out, batting at number three, in an innings victory for Wellington. In his first four matches he had made 286 runs at an average of 143.00.

## International career

Foley was selected in both matches when a strong Australian side captained by Vic Richardson played two matches against New Zealand later that season, scoring 50 not out at number six in the first match and 24 and 42 at number three in the second. He finished his initial first-class season in the national team and with a batting average of 52.66.
He was not able to reproduce that good form in subsequent years, and his career was curtailed by ill-health. In three matches in 1928-29 he made 117 runs at 29.25.
Foley was selected to open the innings when New Zealand played its first-ever Test match, against England at Christchurch in January 1930, but he scored only 2 and 2 in a New Zealand defeat. For the Second Test he was replaced as opener by Jackie Mills (who scored a century on debut) and played no further Tests.
Foley played only three more first-class matches. In his last match he made 39 for Wellington against Douglas Jardine's MCC team in 1932–33.
His Wisden obituary said Foley "developed into an exceedingly good left-hand opening batsman with limitless patience and there were few better slip fieldsmen".

## After cricket

Foley worked as an accountant for the Commercial Bank of Australia. In June 1946 he was transferred from the Dunedin branch to the office in Queen Street, Brisbane. At the time of his death two years later at the age of 42, he and his wife and their son were living in Newmarket in Brisbane.