OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# St James Priory, Exeter

St James Priory, Exeter was a priory in Devon, England.
The Feudal Manor of St James Priory was located in the current district of Heavitree, a suburb of the city of Exeter, Devon. The parcel had a value of 20 shillings (£1) and consisted of one villager, 2 slaves, and 2 carucates of land. Carucate was a unit of assessment for tax. A carucate was the amount of land cultivated by a team of eight oxen in one farming season, which was a nominal 120 acres. In many instances, there was not a direct relationship between a carucate and the actual size of the land taxed. Therefore, the land extension of the Manor was likely much smaller than 240 acres.

## Reference in the Domesday Book

The name appears in the Domesday Book, where it is recorded that the Viking of Whipton and the nobleman Roger Blunt were Lords of Heavitree in 1066 and 1086 respectively. In addition, it also stated that Ralph of Pomeroy was the Tenant-in-chief of the Lordship at the time of Roger Blunt.

## History

The priory was founded in 1146 by Baldwin de Redvers, the 1st Earl of Devon, a kinsman of the Dukes of Normandy. It was a cell to the Cluniac monastery of St Martin-des-Champs near Paris. The title was inherited by Baldwin's son and heir, Richard, who married Dionysia, daughter of Reginald de Dunstanville (illegitimate son of Henry I). They left two sons who later inherited the title of Earl.
Between 1284 and 1431, the Prior of St James held the Lordship in alms from the Barony of Plympton, which Barony was held by the Earls of Devon (the sons of Richard I, King of England and Duke of Normandy). Afterwards, the Lordship passed with the Earldom until the reign of Henry VI.
In 1444, Henry VI granted the Lordship to King's College, Cambridge, which he founded in 1441. The Lordship of St James Priory was in King's College possession until 1992.
# Lappalainen

Lappalainen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kalle Lappalainen (1877–1965), Finnish sport shooter
* Lasse Lappalainen (born 1989), Finnish ice hockey player
* Martti Lappalainen (1902–1941), Finnish cross-country skier and biathlete
* Onni Lappalainen (1922–1971), Finnish gymnast
* Tauno Lappalainen (1898–1973), Finnish cross-country skier
* Lassi Lappalainen (born 1998), Finnish footballer
# Flurgönder

Flurgönder is a specialty meat in the Fulda country of Hesse, Germany. It is a raw, smoked brawn, served warm with noodles. It is called "Flurgönder" because it is served in particular in the Catholic region around Fulda and the Rhön after the processions through "field and meadow" (German: "Feld und Flur") for Ascension and Corpus Christi. "Gönder" is a vernacular term for the regional and seasonal specialties, each butcher has his own recipe. It is prepared in hot but not boiling water, ten minutes for every cm of diameter, and is served together with noodles, usually with bread crumbs, a green salad or apple sauce.

## Literature

* Spalzeklöß un Flurgönder: was im Fuldaer Land gut schmeckt, Bettina Kempf; Jürgen H. Krenzer. Parzeller, Fulda 1997
# Santa Helena, Santa Catarina

Santa Helena is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.
# Gus Johnson

Gus Johnson may refer to:
* Gus Johnson (comedian) (born 1995), American comedian/YouTuber
* Gus Johnson (basketball) (1938–1987), American professional basketball player
* Gus Johnson (jazz musician) (1913–2000), American jazz drummer
* Gus Johnson (sportscaster) (born 1967), American sportscaster and play-by-play announcer
* Gus Johnson (American football) (born 1993), American football running back
* Gus Johnson, American amateur astronomer who discovered the supernova SN 1979C
# Skov

Skov is the Danish word for forest.

## Surname

* Art Skov (1928–2009), hockey referee
* Glen Skov (1931–2013), hockey player
* Kira Skov (born 1976), Danish singer
* Peter Skov-Jensen (born 1971), Danish former professional football player
* Rikke Skov (born 1980), Danish handball player
* Søren Skov (1954–2022), Danish former professional football player
* Shayne Skov (born 1990), American football player for college team Stanford Cardinal

## Place name

* Riis Skov
* Rold Skov
* Mollerup Skov
* Gribskov Municipality
# Hermann Berg

Hermann Berg (29 August 1905 – 21 October 1982) was a German politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and former member of the German Bundestag.

## Life

Berg was a member of the German Bundestag from 27 June 1955, when he succeeded the late Carl Wirths, until 1957.

## Literature

Herbst, Ludolf; Jahn, Bruno (2002). Vierhaus, Rudolf (ed.). Biographisches Handbuch der Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages. 1949–2002 [Biographical Handbook of the Members of the German Bundestag. 1949–2002] (in German). München: De Gruyter - De Gruyter Saur. p. 1715. ISBN 978-3-11-184511-1.
# Hydrangea cinerea

Hydrangea cinerea, the ashy hydrangea or gray hydrangea, is a small to medium sized, deciduous shrub up to 3 m tall; its natural range is interior regions of the southeastern United States. Its common names reflect the ashy or gray appearance of the undersides of its leaves, which results from a dense pubescence.

## Range and habitat

Ashy hydrangea occurs scattered in mostly upland sites and rocky outcrops in the interior regions of the southeastern United States in the southern sections of the Blue Ridge Mountains from Tennessee to South Carolina, west to Missouri, south to Arkansas, Alabama, and Georgia. It is typically found in neutral, basic or calcareous soils.

## Taxonomy

Ashy hydrangea is similar to the more widespread smooth hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens) and the restricted silverleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea radiata). At one time both ashy hydrangea and silverleaf hydrangea were considered subspecies of smooth hydrangea. However, most taxonomist now consider them to be separate species, and that usage is adopted here.

## Description

The inflorescence of ashy hydrangea is a corymb. The showy, sterile flowers (white to near white) are few (0–3 per flowerhead) and are borne around the periphery of the corymb; they are usually greater than 1 cm in diameter. Flowering occurs in late spring or early summer.
The leaves of ashy hydrangea are large (8 to 15 cm long), opposite, serrated, ovate, and deciduous. Lower leaf surfaces are variously pubescent, appearing gray; the trichomes are usually not dense enough to entirely mask the green leaf surface; as seen under magnification, the trichomes have prominent tubercles (bumps).

## Uses

This attractive native shrub is often cultivated for ornamental use. Ashy hydrangea is more tolerant of heat and drought than silverleaf hydrangea. Several popular cultivars ('Frosty', 'Pink Pin Cushion', and 'Sterilis') are available that have a greater component of showy, sterile flowers.
The plant is used medicinally by the Cherokee. An infusion of the bark scrapings is taken for vomiting bile, and an infusion of the roots is taken as a cathartic and emetic by women during menses.
Ashy hydrangea was probably used medicinally in a similar manner as smooth hydrangea by the Cherokee Indians, and later, by early settlers for treatment of kidney and bladder stones.
# Isis and Osiris

Isis and Osiris are two ancient Egyptian deities.
Isis and Osiris may also refer to:
new Canadian opera "Isis and Osiris, Gods of by composer Peter-Anthony Togni and librettist Sharon Singer
* The Osiris myth, in which Isis and Osiris are central characters
* De Iside et Osiride, an essay on ancient Egyptian religion by Plutarch, included in his collection Moralia
* "O Isis und Osiris", an aria in the opera The Magic Flute
* The second track on Ayreon's third album Into the Electric Castle
# Live in Sant'Anna Arresi, 2004

Live in Sant'Anna Arresi, 2004 is an album by American jazz saxophonist David S. Ware, a duo performance with pianist Matthew Shipp recorded in 2004 at Ai confini tra Sardegna e Jazz festival, but not issued until 2016 by AUM Fidelity label. It was the second volume in the David S. Ware Archive Series, after the expanded reissue of Birth of a Being.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Down Beat | |
The All About Jazz review by Karl Ackermann says "we have unconstrained improvisation, sensibly executed with neither excess nor self-imposed limitation. Both Ware and Shipp effect knotty, non-linear phrases only to break off in unexpected directions."
In a review for Down Beat, Bill Meyer notes "Shipp spends considerable time under his piano’s lid, creating otherworldly bursts of pure, fragile sound that contrast most productively with Ware’s fiery blowing."
The Point of Departure review by Chris Robinson states "Ware and Matthew Shipp played a forty minute improvised duo set that is stunning in its urgency, vitality, virtuosity, and coherence as a large scale work."

## Track listing

All compositions by Ware / Shipp.
* "Tao Flow Part 1" – 21:06
* "Tao Flow Part 2" – 20:23
* "Encore" – 4:29

## Personnel

* David S. Ware – tenor saxophone
* Matthew Shipp – piano
# Shendan

Shendan may refer to:
* Shendan Expressway, in China
* Shendan, South Khorasan, a village in Iran
# Shendi, Ethiopia

Shendi (or Shendi Gebriel) is a town in western Ethiopia. Located in the Mirab Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region at elevation of 2050 meters above sea level.
In 1964 it was the administrative center of Wemberma and Gwagussa woreda. Records at the Nordic Africa Institute website provide details of a primary school in Shendi during the year 1968.

## Demographics

Based on figures published by the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Shendi has an estimated total population of 9,293, of whom 4,444 are men and 4,849 are women. It is the main town of Wemberma woreda.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this town of 5,377, of whom 2,338 were men and 3,039 were women; 18,814 or 8.76% of its population were urban dwellers. The two largest ethnic groups reported in Shendi were the Amhara (96.58%), and the Awi (2.9%) a subgroup of the Agaw; all other ethnic groups made up 0.52% of the population. Amharic was spoken as a first language by 97%, and 2.42% speak Awngi; the remaining 0.58% spoke all other primary languages reported.
# The World Is Yours (Scarface album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Entertainment Weekly | B |
| Rolling Stone | |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
| Vibe | (favorable) |
The World Is Yours is the second studio album by American rapper Scarface. It was released on August 17, 1993, by Rap-A-Lot Records and Priority Records. The album was not as acclaimed as his debut, Mr. Scarface Is Back, but sold strongly, breaking into the Top 10 on the Billboard 200 chart, and peaking at number 1 on the R&B/hip hop album chart. "Let Me Roll" became a Billboard Hot 100 hit in 1993. The album was certified Gold by the RIAA on October 20, 1993.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Shepard (comics)

Shepard (Francis Leighton) is a fictional mutant villain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. His first appearance was in Mystique #6.

## Fictional character biography

Shepard is a mutant who attempted to manipulate Mystique into turning against Professor X, possessing inexplicable knowledge of her location. It was later revealed he was helping Shortpack to track down the murderer of Prudence Leighton and had insight into all of Mystique's endeavors.
No longer believing Mystique to be of use to him, Shepard holds Shortpack hostage and tracks Mystique to New York. However, Mystique works with Fantomex to stop him, and learns that Shepard is Prudence's brother.

## Powers and abilities

Shepard possesses the mutant ability to project concussive, oil-like optic blasts. He also wields a special watch that enables him to teleport.
# Ljeb

Ljeb (Cyrillic: Љеб) is a village in the municipality of Stanari, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Lixomorphus algirus

Lixomorphus algirus is a species of weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae.
# Lobt froh den Herrn

"Lobt froh den Herrn" (Praise the Lord gladly) is a hymng of praise with a 1795 text by Georg Gessner [de] and a melody by Hans Georg Nägeli, composed in 1815. The Lutheran hymn is still popular and appears shortened in hymnals including the Protestant Evangelisches Gesangbuch and the Catholic Gotteslob, and in songbooks.

## History

Gessner wrote the text of Lobt froh den Herrn in 1795 in 16 stanzas of six lines each. Hans Georg Nägeli composed a melody to fit in 1815. It is part of the Protestant Evangelisches Gesangbuch (1995) as EG 332, and the Catholic Gotteslob (2013), as GL 396, stanzas 1, 12, 13 and 16, and in many other hymnals and songbook including those for children and youth.

## Text and music

The poem of Lobt froh den Herrn is in 16 stanzas of six short lines each.
The repeated line "Lobt froh den Herrn" has the same function as the biblical Hallelujah: both a call to praise, and the praise. In modern versions, this line serves as a refrain concluding repeated all stanzas but the last one.
* GL 396
* 1) Lobt froh den Herrn,
* ihr jugendlichen Chöre!
* Er höret gern
* ein Lied zu seiner Ehre.
* Lobt froh den Herrn! Lobt froh den Herrn!
* 2) Es schallt empor
* zu deinem Heiligtume,
* aus unserm Chor
* ein Lied zu deinem Ruhme,
* Lobt froh den Herrn! Lobt froh den Herrn!
* 3) Vom Preise voll
* lass unser Herz dir singen!
* Das Loblied soll
* zu deinem Throne dringen,
* 4) Einst kommt die Zeit,
* wo wir auf tausend Weisen,
* o Seligkeit!
* Dich, unsern Vater preisen,
* von Ewigkeit zu Ewigkeit!
It was translated into English as "O praise the Lord! with happy children's voices" by Caroline Hanser.
Johann Crüger's melody in B-flat major in a triple metre with dotted notes responds to the positive mood of the text.
# Lobstick (disambiguation)

A lobstick is a traditional marker found in a boreal forest created by a coniferous tree. Lobstick may also refer to a number of places in Canada:
* Lobstick, Alberta, an unincorporated community in Yellowhead County, Alberta
* Lobstick Lake, a lake in Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador
* Lobstick River, a river in Yellowhead County, Alberta
* Lobstick Settlement, Alberta, an unincorporated community in Smoky Lake County, Alberta
# Lobstick Lake

Lobstick Lake became part of the Smallwood Reservoir, along with Michikamau Lake, upon the damming of the Churchill River in western Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It forms the western section of the Smallwood Reservoir and lies just north of Ossokmanuan Lake.

## Fishing

The Lobstick Lake has a large population of lake trout. Fishermen and anglers frequently catch fish weighing five pounds, with some captured specimens being over 40 pounds. The fishing season on the lake lasts throughout the year, but the best season for fishing are late spring and early summer. Fishing aficionados recommend the section of the lake near the dam as the best spot.
# Israel Fencing Association

The Israel Fencing Association (איגוד הסיוף בישראל) is the national governing body for fencing in Israel.
The Association's headquarters are in Tel Aviv, Israel. It is part of the 45-nation European Fencing Confederation. The CEO of the Association is Shalom Cohen.

## History

The Israel Fencing Association was founded in 1996 in Tel Aviv. In 2004, Dr. Vladimir Shklar was the chairman of the association. In May 2013 Shklar was also elected vice president of the Olympic Committee of Israel. In November 2015, he was named president of the European Fencing Confederation. Uri Harlap then replaced Shklar as president of the Israel Fencing Association.
In 2008, Israeli fencer Yuval Freilich, a national under-13 champion, successfully sued the Israel Fencing Association to require it to refrain temporarily from holding fencing competitions on Shabbat (the Jewish sabbath), saying that the Association's actions violated Israel's Equal Opportunities Act. The Israeli Supreme Court ruled that the Fencing Association’s practice was discriminatory, and ordered it to either allow Freilich to compete on a different day or hand him technical victories for any Sabbath match. Freilich subsequently won the age group World Cadet Championships in Moscow, and the age group European Championships. But the ruling expired after two years, and did not result in any permanent change. The Israeli Supreme Court declined to intervene a second time.
Eilat, Israel, was chosen to host of the European Fencing Confederation Under-23 Championships in 2018.
# Lobbe

Lobbe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ignacio Fernández Lobbe (born 20 November 1974), Argentine rugby union footballer
* Juan Martín Fernández Lobbe (born 19 November 1981), Argentine rugby union footballer
* Matthew Lobbe (born 12 February 1989), Australian-Rules Football player
# Shi Hui

Shi Hui may refer to:
* Shi Hui (Three Kingdoms) (165–227), third son of the Han dynasty warlord Shi Xie
* Shi Hui (Duke of Fan), Zhou dynasty general
* Shi Hui (actor) (1915–1957), Chinese actor and film director
* Shi Hui (施惠), one of the possible authors of the 14th-century Chinese novel Water Margin
# Thenammanadu North

Thennamanadu North is a village in the Orathanadu taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Thennamanadu North had a total population of 1354 with 625 males and 729 females. The sex ratio was 1166. The literacy rate was 65.1.
# Thea Segall

Thea Segall Rubin (13 May 1929 – 25 October 2009) was a Romanian photographer who lived in Venezuela from 1958 until her death. She was winner of the 2003 National Photography Award of Venezuela, editor of numerous publications and director of her own photographic studio. Through her photographic work she covered aspects such as ethnographic registry, rural culture, religious architecture, portraits and institutional photography.

## Education

Segall had two sisters, Miora and Natasa. Her parents were Andrés Segall and Golda Rubin. From 1936 and 1947 she received her primary education, entering the Notre Dame de Sion school of nuns at the age of ten and then moving to a private French school where she ended her education. She lived through difficult moments during World War II, and her life was restricted between Burdujeni and Bucharest. At the end of this stage she aspired to study architecture, but at that time the students had to wait for a long time to enter university. When she was finally admitted for the School of Architecture she was already a photographer. In 1947 Segall started self-education in photographic theory to teach and take a course at the Photography Center of the School of Journalism with Austrian photographer and teacher Otto Grossar, with whom she later worked as his assistant.

## Career

She same year her parents migrated to Israel with her younger sister Natasa. Between 1948 and 1957, she served as a photojournalist for the International News Agency AgerPress, founded by Grosar, in Bucharest. In 1957 she abandoned Bucharest with her sister Mioara due to the situation of the communist regime, traveling without passport with health problems to Denmark and later to Paris. In 1958 she arrived in Venezuela with a passport of the Red Cross during the government junta presided over by Wolfgang Larrazábal, shortly after the dictatorship of Marcos Pérez Jiménez. From 1958 to 1960 she worked for the Creole Petroleum Corporation and published her pictures in El Farol magazine. She understood authorial and research work, both social and photographic, in fishing areas of the Anzoátegui State coasts. In 1959 she opened the Thea Photographic Studio in Sabana Grande, Caracas, which operated until 1994. In 1964 she was nationalized as Venezuelan with the help of General Briceño. In 1974 she participated as a Venezuelan delegate at the first Ibero-American Congress of Scientific Journalism in Caracas, and in 1977 she participated as Venezuelan delegate in the second Ibero-American Congress of Scientific Journalism.
# Thelocactus leucacanthus

Thelocactus leucacanthus is a species of cactus. It is endemic to Mexico.

## Description

Thelocactus leucacanthus grows in clusters or forms large multi-headed cushions up to 80 cm (31 in) wide. The yellowish-green, globular to short cylindrical plants reach 4.5 to 15 cm (1.8 to 5.9 in) in height and 2.5 to 5 cm (0.98 to 1.97 in) in diameter. The plant has 7 to 14 tuberous ribs running vertically or spirally, with conical cusps up to 1.1 cm (0.43 in) high, 1.4 cm (0.55 in) wide, and 0.8 cm (0.31 in) long. The areoles, up to 6 mm (0.24 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) wide, have extrafloral nectaries. Occasionally, a single central spine, yellowish-white to nearly black, grows up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long, with 6 to 20 radial spines that are 7 mm (0.28 in) long and straight or slightly curved. The yellow, purple, or crimson flowers reach up to 5.2 cm (2.0 in) long and 4.5 cm (1.8 in) in diameter. The green to yellowish fruits grow up to 9 mm (0.35 in) long and 8 mm (0.31 in) wide, drying and cracking at the base when ripe. They contain seeds up to 2 mm (0.079 in) long and 1.8 mm (0.071 in) wide, with polygonal or square testa cells.
* Plant with bloom
* Purple flower form

## Distribution

This species grows at elevations of 1200 to 1900 meters in the succulent bush forests of Hidalgo and Querétaro, Mexico. Plants are found growing along with Thelocactus hastifer.
* Habitat in Pena Blanca, Queretaro

## Taxonomy

First described as Echinocactus leucacanthus by Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer in 1837, it was reclassified as Thelocactus leucacanthus by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose in 1923. Its name is derived from the Greek words leukos ("white") and akanthos ("thorn").
# Lodge Hill

Lodge Hill may refer to:
* Lodge Hill, Bristol, a residential area of Bristol, England
* Lodge Hill, Cornwall, a village in Cornwall
* Lodge Hill Camp, part of the Chattenden and Lodge Hill Military Camps, a former military site which is now designated a SSSI (Site of Special Scientific Interest) important for nightingales
* Lodge Hill Cemetery, Birmingham, a cemetery and crematorium in Selly Oak, Birmingham, England
* Lodge Hill, Ditchling, East Sussex, a hill in Ditchling, East Sussex, England
# Locomotor ataxia

Locomotor ataxia is the inability to precisely control one's own bodily movements.

## Disease

People afflicted with this disease may walk in a jerky, non-fluid manner. They will not know where their arms and legs are without looking (i.e., a failure of proprioception), but can, for instance, feel and locate a hot object placed against their feet. It is often a symptom of tabes dorsalis, which is a key finding in tertiary syphilis.
It is caused by degeneration of the posterior (dorsal) white column of the spinal cord.

## In popular culture

The chilling effects of this condition and its connection to venereal disease are dramatized in the story "Love O' Women" by Rudyard Kipling.
Bram Stoker's death certificate named the cause of death as "Locomotor Ataxia 6 months", presumed to be a reference to syphilis.