OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lex Aelia Sentia

The Lex Aelia Sentia was a law established in the Roman Empire in 4 AD. It was one of the laws that the Roman assemblies passed at the behest of the emperor Augustus. Along with the Lex Fufia Caninia of 2 BC, this law regulated the manumission (freeing from ownership) of slaves.
This law had several provisions. For a manumission to be valid, the owner had to be at least twenty years old, and the slave at least thirty. Slaves whose masters had punished them for criminal acts could not become Roman citizens if they were later freed, as was customary for formally manumitted slaves in the Republican era; instead, they would be counted among the dediticii, who were free subjects of Roman who held neither the rights of Roman cives nor Latin rights.
If a manumitted slave was under age thirty, he could only achieve full citizenship after a legal proceeding (consilia) similar to a family law trial. These legal proceedings were to be held at pre-determined times in the provinces and in Rome. Any slave under the age of thirty could achieve full citizenship rights without the need for a consilia if his master was insolvent and agreed to free him. If a slave was freed under the age of thirty, but was not granted full citizenship rights upon his manumission, he could be granted those full citizenship rights if he married a Roman freedwoman or freewoman, and had with this woman a child who was, at the time, at least one year of age. If he could prove this to a magistrate or governor, he, his wife, and his child, would all become full citizens. If the father had died before this had occurred, the mother could accomplish the same result. This provision was inserted by Augustus to increase the rate of marriage and childbirth, which were both in decline. Augustus also believed that public morals were in a state of decline during his reign, and so by encouraging marriage especially, Augustus was attempting to "restore" the degree of virtue that he believed had existed under the Republic.
Slaves could be pledged as collateral for a loan, and a master manumitted his slave in order to defraud his creditors, the manumission was invalid. A person under the age of twenty could only manumit a slave if he went through the ordinary legal proceeding (consilium). This provision, and several other provisions did not apply to slaves who had been given membership in certain lower classes of freedmen. These classes were included in these provisions, however, upon a decree of the senate during the reign of the emperor Hadrian. By the time of the late empire, this law had little importance. This law was passed by virtue of the constitutional forms at the time of Augustus, when the status of a civis had not yet lost its value, and a semblance of the Constitution of the Roman Republic still existed.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Vulturara e Montecorvino

The Diocese of Vulturara e Montecorvino (Latin: Dioecesis Vulturariensis et Montis Corbini) was a Roman Catholic diocese located in the city of Volturara Appula in the province of Foggia in the Apulia region of southeast Italy. The bishopric, which already existed in the 10th century, was united with that of Diocese of Montecorvino in 1433. Giuseppe Cappelletti gives detailed information about most of its bishops. In 1818, as part of a reorganization of the dioceses within the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, the diocese ceased to exist as a residential see and its territory became part of the diocese of Lucera. It is now included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees.

## History

* 1059: Established as Diocese of Vulturara
* 1433: Renamed as Diocese of Vulturara e Montecorvino (gained territory from the suppressed Diocese of Montecorvino)
* 1818 June 27: Suppressed to the Diocese of Lucera
* 1968: Restored as Titular Episcopal See of Vulturara
* 1968: Restored as Titular Episcopal See of Montecorvino

## Ordinaries
### Diocese of Vulturara e Montecorvino

1433: Formed from the union of the Diocese of Montecorvino and the Diocese of Vulturara Latin name: Vulturariensis et Montis Corbini Metropolitan: Archdiocese of Benevento
* Alejandro Geraldini (1496–1516 Appointed, Bishop of Santo Domingo)
* Vincenzo Sabbatini (1519–1526 Died)
* Innocenzo Cibo (Cybo) (1526–1526 Resigned)
* Giulio Mastrogiudice (1526–1537 Died)
* Giovanni Salviati (1530–1532 Resigned)
* Giovanni Battista del Giudice (1537–1542 Died)
* Gerolamo Vecciani (1542–1550 Resigned)
* Federico Cesi (1550–1551 Resigned)
* Leonardo Benzoni (1551–1552 Died)
* Giulio Gentile (1552–1572 Died)
* Simone Majolo (1572–1597 Resigned)
* Leonardus Roselli (1597–1606 Resigned)
* Fabritius Cocci (1606–1606 Died)
* Julius Lana (1606–1609 Died)
* Petrus Federici (1609–1613 Died)
* Paolo Pico, O.P. (1613–1614 Died)
* Bernardino Buratti (1615–1623 Appointed, Archbishop of Manfredonia)
* Franciscus Buratti, O.P. (1623)
* Tommaso Carafa (1623–1637 Resigned)
* Maximilianus Raguzzi (1637–1639 Died)
* Bartolomeo Gessi (1639–1642 Died)
* Bonaventura D'Avalos, O.S.A. (1643–1654 Appointed, Bishop of Nocera de' Pagani)
* Marco Antonio Pisanelli (1654–1675 Appointed, Bishop of Sora)
* Domenico Sorrentino (bishop) (1676–1708 Died)
* Imperialis Pedicini (1718–1724 Died)
* Domenico Rossi (1724–1734 Died)
* Dominico Laymo (1734–1760 Died)
* Giovanni Coccoli (1760–1795 Died)
* Nicola Martini (1798–1808 Died)
1818 Suppressed to the Diocese of Lucera
# Lievore

Lievore is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carlo Lievore (1937 – 2002), Italian javelin thrower
* Giovanni Lievore (born 1932), former Italian javelin thrower
# Leopold Fischer

Leopold Fischer may refer to:
* Agehananda Bharati (1923–1991), Hindu monk and Sanskritist, born under the name Leopold Fischer
* Leopold Heinrich Fischer (1817–1866), German zoologist and mineralogist
* Leo Fischer (1897–1970), sports editor
* Leopold Fischer (photographer), Austrian police officer and photographer
# Lighthouse tender

A lighthouse tender is a ship specifically designed to maintain, support, or tend to lighthouses or lightvessels, providing supplies, fuel, mail, and transportation. The work is often carried out by ships which also act as buoy tenders.
In the United States, these ships originally served as part of the Lighthouse Service and now are part of the Coast Guard. The first American tender of the Lighthouse Service was former revenue cutter Rushnourder, which was acquired in 1840. The first steam tender was the Shubrick, completed in 1857 and put into service on the West Coast in 1858. The Fir was the last active representative of the service, and is now a US National Historic Landmark.
# Rangeworthy

Rangeworthy is a semi-rural farming village in South Gloucestershire, England, nearby communities include Falfield and Charfield. The village population taken at the 2011 census was 675.
The village lies between Iron Acton and Bagstone, along the B4058 road. It is a long village divided by a road with a well used village hall, pub, hotel, Indian restaurant, recreation ground, primary school and church. A village committee organises village events including the children's Christmas party, Summer Fete and Beer Festival. There are other organisations such as the Court Players, Women's Institute, a Youth Club, Toddlers group and Parish magazine.
Several good public footpaths give access to the countryside & there are bridle paths for horse riders & cyclists.
Rangeworthy was historically a chapelry in the ancient parish of Thornbury, a detached part of that parish. It became a separate civil parish in 1866. The organist Charles Harford Lloyd served there in his youth.
# Life Is a Bi...

Life Is a Bi... (Korean: 인생은 나쁜X; RR: Insaengeun Nappeun-X) is the second extended play by South Korean singer Bibi. It was released on April 28, 2021, through Feel Ghood Music. It later peaked at number 31 on the Gaon Album Chart.

## Background

In an interview with BNT, Bibi explained why she named the album Life is a Bi....
   Everything in life came to me like temptation. I came to think of life as a bad bitch that teases me and cannot be understood.

## Music and lyrics

According to Seoul Beats, "Bibi likens her perspective of life to experiencing inner conflicts from a toxic relationship." In “Piri the dog,” she "reveals the severe emotional consequences of a codependent relationship, likening herself to an abandoned dog." Unlike the gloomy lyrics, the music is "rather bright", characterized by trap-based repetitive melodies. "Birthday Cake" expresses sadness with the sound of falling water droplets and "Life is a Bi..." properly uses string instruments to heighten emotions.

## Critical reception

Kim Do-yeon of IZM rated the album 3 out of 5 stars. According to her, "Bibi tries to draw empathy from listeners by honestly telling her story in a short time. The album will comfort those in their 20s and help those turning 20 overcome difficult moments."
Kim Hyo-jin of Rhythmer rated the album 2.5 out of 5 stars. According to her, "the depiction of the universality of tragedy is interesting." However, "the music to support it is unpolished and the story was not fully developed due to the small number of songs."

### Year-end lists

Select year-end rankings of Life Is a Bi... :
| Critic/Publication | Accolade | Rank |
| Harper's Bazaar | Top 15 K-Pop Albums of 2021 | 9 |
| HipHopDX | Asia's 20 Best Albums of 2021 | Ranked |
| Rolling Stone India | 10 Best Korean Hip-Hop and R&B Albums of 2021 | 7 |

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Bibi; all music is composed by Stevenc4stle and Bibi, except where noted; all music is arranged by Stevenc4stle

## Sales

| Region | Sales |
| South Korea | 4,257 |
# Harold S. Sloan

Harold Stephenson Sloan (1888 – November 5, 1988) was an economist who wrote extensively and taught in the field of economics. He served as the executive director of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, which was established by his older brother, who was the President and chief executive officer of General Motors.
Raised in Brooklyn, Sloan manufactured electronic equipment after graduating from Columbia University with undergraduate and graduate degrees. He shifted to the field of education in 1925, teaching and serving on the faculty at Fairleigh Dickinson University. Montclair State University, New York University and at Teachers College, Columbia University. He was the author of the 1936 book Today's Economics. FDU elected him as a trustee of the university in 1963. He co-authored the 1948 text Dictionary of Economics with Arnold J. Zurcher; the book's third edition, published in 1953, was described by The New York Times as being "considerably more than its name implies" for its inclusion of entries regarding economic history and major court decisions.
From 1936 to 1945, he served as vice president and executive director of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, which had been established by his brother. In 1941, he developed a program to teach lessons on economic self-sufficiency to "ill-fed, ill-clothed and ill-housed" schoolchildren in Florida and Kentucky who would be able to bring the lessons they learned in school back to their homes to benefit the economic condition of clothing food and shelter for their entire family, as part of $340,000 in grants from the foundation towards popular economics education. As described in The New York Times, he indicated that people of all socioeconomic levels must gain a basic understanding of economics "if American democracy is to hold its own against dictatorship." Sloan stated that "the very stability of our economic culture and of society depend ultimately upon rational economic thinking by the citizenry at large."
A resident of Lopatcong Township, New Jersey, he died at the age of 100 on November 5, 1988. He was survived by a son. His wife, Bertha, whom he had married in 1910, had died in 1978.
# Sarawak Dayak Iban Association

Sarawak Dayak Iban Association (SADIA) is a community organization representing the Iban community of Sarawak. Formerly known as the Dayak Federation, it was formed in 1919 and renamed to its current title in 1984.
# Tanganyicia rufofilosa

Tanganyicia rufofilosa is a species of tropical freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Paludomidae.
Before 2002, this species was placed within the family Thiaridae.

## Distribution

Tanganyicia rufofilosa is endemic to Lake Tanganyika. It is found in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia. The type locality is Lake Tanganyika.

## Description

The shape of the shell is ovate conic.
The width of the shell is 14 millimetres (0.55 in); the height of the shell is 17 millimetres (0.67 in).

## Ecology

The natural habitat of this snail is freshwater lakes. Tanganyicia rufofilosa lives in depths 5–25 metres (16–82 ft) on silty and sandy bottoms, in high population densities.
The females are viviparous.
In 1996, this was considered an Endangered Species. Its survival is threatened mainly by sedimentation. The habitats of this species are damaged by settlements and other disturbances.
# Aaro Kivilinna Memorial Trophy

The Aaro Kivilinna Memorial Trophy is an award given every year since 1973 to the best ice hockey club overall in Finland by the Finnish SM-liiga. The recipient is determined by the final standings of each club in the SM-liiga or Mestis as well as their teams in the three topmost junior leagues and the women's league. (Thus the winner is quite often another club than the SM-liiga champion of that year.)
Aaro Kivilinna was an ice hockey defenseman from Helsinki, Finland who also worked as a sports journalist and as the secretary and later vice-president of the Finnish Ice Hockey Association. He was killed in action in the Winter War in February 1940.

## Winners of the Aaro Kivilinna Memorial Trophy

| Season | Team |
| 1972–73 | Ilves |
| 1973–74 | Ilves |
| 1974–75 | Tappara |
| 1975–76 | Jokerit |
| 1976–77 | TPS |
| 1977–78 | Ilves |
| 1978–79 | Tappara |
| 1979–80 | Ässät |
| 1980–81 | Ilves |
| 1981–82 | Ilves |
| 1982–83 | Ilves |
| 1983–84 | Tappara |
| 1984–85 | Kärpät |
| 1985–86 | HIFK |
| 1986–87 | HIFK |
| 1987–88 | HIFK |
| 1988–89 | HIFK |
| 1989–90 | Ilves |
| 1990–91 | TPS |
| 1991–92 | JYP |
| 1992–93 | Ilves |
| 1993–94 | Tappara |
| 1994–95 | TPS |
| 1995–96 | Jokerit |
| 1996–97 | Jokerit and TPS (tied) |
| 1997–98 | Jokerit |
| 1998–99 | Jokerit |
| 1999–00 | Jokerit |
| 2000–01 | Kärpät |
| 2001–02 | TPS |
| 2002–03 | Jokerit |
| 2003–04 | TPS |
| 2004–05 | Kärpät |
| 2005–06 | Kärpät |
| 2006–07 | Blues |
| 2007–08 | Kärpät |
| 2008–09 | Blues |
| 2009–10 | HIFK |
| 2010–11 | Blues |
| 2011–12 | Blues |
| 2012–13 | Blues |
| 2013–14 | Blues |
| 2014–15 | Blues |
| 2015–16 | Kärpät |
| 2016–17 | HIFK |
| 2017–18 | Kärpät |
| 2018–19 | Kärpät |
# Janotia

Janotia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus contains only one species, viz. Janotia macrostipula, which is endemic to Madagascar.
# Joli Mai

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 78/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| Exclaim! | 8/10 |
Joli Mai is the eighth studio album by Canadian musician Dan Snaith, and third album under the moniker Daphni. It was self-released through Snaith's label Jiaolong on October 6, 2017, and includes tracks from his FabricLive.93 contribution.

## Accolades

| Publication | Accolade | Rank | Ref. |
| Exclaim! | Top 10 Dance/Electronic Albums of 2017 | 10 | |
| Rolling Stone | Top 20 EDM/Electronic Albums of 2017 | 5 | |
# SOR NB 18

SOR NB18 is a low-floor articulated single-decker bus produced by Czech bus manufacturer SOR since 2008. Since 2009 bus also comes with hybrid drive SOR NBH 18. In many towns they currently replace Karosa B 741 and Karosa B 941.

## Construction features

SOR NB18 is derived from the SOR NB 12 rigid single-decker bus. It is made of two rigid sections linked by a pivoting joint. Engine and automatic transmission are located in the left rear corner of the bus. Inside are used plastic Ster seats. Rear axle is ZF brand, as well as medium axle, the front axle is of its own production with independent wheel suspension. Only third C axle is propulsed, meaning that this articulated bus has pusher configuration. Body of the vehicle is welded from steel-voltage profiles, flashings from the outside and interior are lined with plastic sheeting. The floor of the bus is at a height of 360 mm above the ground. On the right side of the bus are five doors (first are narrower than other doors).
The diesel hybrid bus NBH 18 is derived from NB 18, but it has hybrid drive (parallel hybrid drive unit from Allison allows accumulation of braking energy), which is then used for start-up by two electric motors built into Automatic transmission.
In Czechia are also produced trolleybuses SOR TNB 18 and Škoda 31Tr SOR in Škoda Transportation, which are based on SOR NB 18 bodies.

## Production and operation

In 2006 SOR introduced in Brno on Autotec a completely new range of low-floor buses. Rigid single-decker bus NB 12 and articulated single-decker bus NB 18 were presented with their prototype after the prototypes hav done both test drive through cities in Czechia and Slovakia. The second bus type NB 18 was introduced at Autotec 2008 and from first prototype it differs with modified design. Serial production began in the fall of 2008, and in January 2009 was delivered first serial bus NB18 to Nitra.
# Shuqiang Li

Shuqiang Li is a Chinese arachnologist and a professor at the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Li is best known for his work with spiders and has described hundreds of new species and many genera. He is Editor in Chief of the journal Zoological Systematics (formerly Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica).

## Selected publications

* Tong, Y.F. & Li, S.Q (2007) One new genus and four new species of oonopid spiders from Southwest China (Araneae: Oonopidae). Annales Zoologici 57(2): 331–340.
* Wang X.P., Zhu M.S. & Li S (2010) A review of the coelotine genus Eurocoelotes (Araneae: Amaurobiidae). Journal of Arachnology 38: 79–98.
* Lin, Y., & Li, S (2014) Mysmenidae (Arachnida, Araneae), a spider family newly recorded from Vietnam. Zootaxa, 3826(1), 169–194. 10.11646/zootaxa.3826.1.5
* Chang Liu, Fengyuan Li, Shuqiang Li, et al. (2017) Five new genera of the subfamily Psilodercinae (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from Southeast Asia. Zoological Systematics, 42(4): 395–417.
* Tong Y, Chen H, Liu S, Li S (2018) A new genus of oonopid spiders from Myanmar (Araneae, Oonopidae). ZooKeys 794: 31–43. 10.3897/zookeys.794.29156
* Chang W-J, Li S (2019) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Thaiderces from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 869: 103–146. 10.3897/zookeys.869.35546
* Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Thirty-one new species of the spider genus Leclercera from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 913: 1-87. 10.3897/zookeys.913.48650
* Lin Y, Li S (2020) Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. ZooKeys 952: 95–128. 10.3897/zookeys.952.51849
* Chang W-J, Yao Z, Li S (2020) Twenty-eight new species of the spider genus Merizocera Fage, 1912 (Araneae, Psilodercidae) from South and Southeast Asia. ZooKeys 961: 41–118. 10.3897/zookeys.961.53058
* Xu H, Zhang X, Yao Z, Ali A, Li S (2021) Thirty-five new species of the spider genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) from Pan-Himalaya. ZooKeys 1029: 1-92. 10.3897/zookeys.1029.64080
* Cheng W, Bian D, Tong Y, Li S (2021) A new genus and two new species of oonopid spiders from Tibet, China (Araneae, Oonopidae). ZooKeys 1052: 55–69. 10.3897/zookeys.1052.66402
# Lütold

Lütold, Leuthold or Lüthold is a German name, popular in the High Middle Ages.
Historical individuals:
* Lütold of Rümligen, founded Rüeggisberg Priory (1072)
* Lütold of St. Gallen, Abbot from 1077–1033 in St. Gall
* Lutold of Znaim (died 1112)
* Lüthold of Sumiswald, founder of Sumiswald castle (1225)
* Lütold of Houwinstein (13th century)
* Lütold of Griesenberg, gave possessions to Fischingen monastery in 1316
* Leuthold I of Rotheln, bishop of Basel (died 1213)
* Lütold I of Aarburg, bishop of Basel (died 1249)
* lords of Regensberg:
** Lütold of Affoltern (11th century)
** Lütold II and his son Lütold III, founder of the Fahr Abbey (1130)
** Lütold IV, founder of the Rüti Monastery (1206)
** Lütold V, founder of the castle and the town of Regensberg (1244)
** Lütold VI, disputed the possession of Regensberg by his brother Ulrich 1267/1268, married Gertrud, daughter of Rudolf III of Habsburg
** Lütold VII (sold Regensberg in 1302)
** Lütold VIII (died 1326)
Leuthold and Lüthold survive as a surname into modern times. The name is also seen in variant forms such as Leutholdt, Leutholt and Leutelt.
* Juerg Leuthold, German engineer
* Gustav Leutelt, Bohemian German poet
* Hans Leutelt, Czech cyclist
# Li Shuaitai

Li Shuaitai (Chinese: 李率泰; d. 1666) was a military commander of the early Qing Dynasty. He served as the Viceroy of Liangguang between 1653 and 1656, then as the Viceroy of Minzhe from 1656 to its partition in 1658, after which he continued as Viceroy of Fujian until 1664.
His father, Li Yongfang, was a Ming general who defected to the Qing.
# Anisoptera reticulata

Anisoptera reticulata is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The specific epithet reticulata means "netted", referring to the leaf veins.

## Description

Anisoptera reticulata grows up to 65 metres (200 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m (7 ft). It has buttresses. The bark is fissured and flaky. The leathery leaves are elliptic to obovate and measure up to 13 cm (5 in) long. The inflorescences measure up to 6 cm (2 in) long and bear cream flowers.

## Distribution and habitat

Anisoptera reticulata is endemic to Borneo. Its habitat is mixed dipterocarp forests, at altitudes to 400 m (1,300 ft).

## Conservation

Anisoptera reticulata has been assessed as endangered on the IUCN Red List. It is threatened by agricultural plantations and by logging for its timber. The species is found in some protected areas.
# John Foruria

John Foruria (November 26, 1944 – May 3, 2017) was an American football defensive back. He played for the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1967 to 1968.
He died on May 3, 2017, in Emmett, Idaho at age 72.