OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lord of Argyll

The sovereign or feudal lordship of Argyle was the holding of the senior branch of descendants of Somerled (Somhairle), this branch becoming soon known as Clan MacDougall
Construction of the Lordship of Argyll-Lorne essentially started with Donnchadh mac Dubhgaill, son of Dubgall mac Somairle.
During Donnchadh's time the great feuds that had been causing war on the western seaboard of Scotland since Somhairle mac Gille Bhrighde were coming to an end. Ruaidhri mac Raghnaill, son of Ragnall mac Somairle, King of the Isles and Lord of Argyll, was at peace with Raghnall mac Gofraidh, King of Mann, and had become friendly with Ailean mac Lachlainn, Lord of Galloway and Constable of Scotland. In this context, Alexander II, the King of Scotland, led expeditions into Argyll in 1221 and 1222, expeditions which led to Donnchadh being recognised or appointed to the Lordship of Lorne. Donnchadh remained a strong supporter of the Scottish crown against the interests of Ruaidhri mac Raghnaill and Amhlaibh Dubh.
These expeditions into Argyll appear to have given Donnchadh domination of the kindreds of all Argyll in place of Ruaídhrí. Around 1225, Donnchadh de Argadia ("of Argyll") appeared in a charter of Maol Domhnaich, Earl of Lennox (d. 1250) made to Paisley Abbey; this appearance is notable because it is the first attestation of the locative family name "of Argyll", the name that Donnchadh and his descendants would use to identify themselves among the higher nobility of Scotland.
In 1229, the Manx king, Ragnvald Godredsson, was killed. Fear of Galwegian or Scottish royal intervention led the Manxmen to appeal to the Norwegian crown. The Norwegian expedition, led by Óspakr-Hákon, probably Donnchadh's brother, ravished Kintyre and in 1230 attacked the Stewart controlled Isle of Bute. This expedition was unsuccessful and led to Uspak's death. Donnchadh remained firmly in possession of his Argyll lordship.
The Mormaerdom or Kingdom of Argyll was also a lordship in High Medieval Scotland.

## Mormaers of Argyll

* Somhairle mac Gillebride (?? - 1164)
* Ragnall mac Somairle (1164 - 1207)
* Domhnall mac Raghnaill (1207 - ??)

## Stewart lords of Lorne

* Lord of Lorne

## Campbell lords of Lorne

* The Campbell lairds of Lochawe inherited the lordship of Lorne via their foremother, Isabel Stewart, daughter of the 2nd Lord of Lorne. The Campbells received the titles Earl and then Duke of Argyll
# Show Me the Way

Show Me the Way may refer to:

## Books

* Show Me the Way, a 2004 collection of short stories by Jennifer Lauck

## Music
### Songs

* "Show Me the Way" (Peter Frampton song), 1975
* "Show Me the Way" (Styx song), 1990
* "Show Me the Way" (Lead song), 2002
* "Show Me the Way" (Earth, Wind & Fire song), 2005
* "Show Me the Way" (The Cranberries song), 2012
* "Show Me the Way", a song from the 2011 Alexandra Stan album Saxobeats
* "Show Me the Way", a song written and recorded by Brian Cadd & Don Mudie
* "Show Me the Way", a song from the 2012 Billy Talent album Dead Silence
* "Show Me the Way", a song from the 2008 Black Tide album Light from Above
* "Show Me the Way", a 2017 song by Marco & Seba
* "Show Me the Way", a song by Irving Berlin
# This England (film)

This England is a 1941 British historical drama film directed by David MacDonald and starring John Clements, Constance Cummings and Emlyn Williams. The film follows the small English village of Cleveley and its historic resistance against tyrannical invaders recounted by one of the inhabitants to a visiting American journalist.

## Production

The film was made for propaganda purposes during the Second World War. Its title comes from a speech by John of Gaunt in the play Richard II by William Shakespeare.

## Partial cast

* John Clements - John Rookeby
* Constance Cummings - Ann
* Emlyn Williams - Appleyard
* Frank Pettingell - Gage
* Roland Culver - Steward
* Morland Graham - Doctor
* Leslie French - Johnny
* Martin Walker - Seigneur
* Ronald Ward - Lord Clavely
* Hugh Wakefield - Vicar
* Esmond Knight - Vicar's son
* Amy Veness - Jenny
* Roddy McDowall - Hugo
* Dennis Wyndham - Martin
# Lost Cause (Beck song)

"Lost Cause" is the fifth song from Beck's fifth major-label studio album, Sea Change. It was also released as a promo single only, in the UK, Germany, and Japan.
It reached number 36 on the Billboard Alternative Airplay chart on March 22, 2003.
MTV.com described "Lost Cause" as "sparse and melancholy, driven by a folksy guitar passage and soft, sedated vocals and embellished with soft brush drumming."

## Music video

Two music videos were made for "Lost Cause", both directed by Garth Jennings. The original video features an effigy of Beck falling from the sky. It was produced entirely in Adobe Photoshop. The second version features Beck and his band playing the song, with various moments being sped up, slowed down and filmed in stop motion.
# Lost Cause (disambiguation)

The Lost Cause of the Confederacy is a set of false beliefs about the American Civil War.
Lost Cause may also refer to:
* Lost Cause (Jandek album), 1992
* Lost Cause (Tory Lanez mixtape), 2014
* "Lost Cause" (Beck song), 2002
* "Lost Cause" (Billie Eilish song), 2021
* "Lost Cause", a 1983 song by Riot Squad
* "Lost Cause", a 1989 song by Cosmic Psychos
* "Lost Cause", a song by Priscilla Ahn from the album When You Grow Up (2011)
* "Lost Cause", a song by Pink from the album Trustfall (2023)
* "Lost Cause", a song by Dean Brody from the album Right Round Here (2023)
* The Lost Cause (novel), 2023 novel by Cory Doctorow
* Lost Cause Motors, an American automobile manufacturer from 1963 to 1964
# Lokesh Ohri

Lokesh Ohri is an Indian anthropologist, historian, writer and a cultural activist based in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, who has campaigned for the preservation of the natural and cultural heritage of the Doon Valley. He is the founder of Been There Doon That, an educational initiative that spreads awareness about the natural, social and cultural history of the Doon Valley through walks, lectures and workshops.

## Biography

Ohri was born in Dehradun and attended St Joseph's Academy and has a master's degree in sociology. He received his PhD in cultural anthropology from the University of Heidelberg. Ohri has long campaigned against insensitive and rapid development in Uttarakhand, particularly in the state capital Dehradun, which has led to a reduction in green cover of the state, partial or complete loss of heritage canals and water bodies through pollution or road construction, and poor restoration work on historic monuments. In 2013, he founded Been There Doon That, an initiative that highlights the cultural, natural and social heritage of the Doon Valley through public lectures, talks and heritage walks.
Lokesh established the Dehradun based community called Been There Doon That. which is a citizens' engagement initiative with local history and heritage. Today, BTDT, as it is popularly called, is home to a huge community of citizens sensitised to the cause of heritage. BTDT has also commenced work with over 14 village communities in Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh to undertake village based slow tourism thorough self-help. This work is significant since landscapes in Uttarakhand are not protected by land laws. The work promotes slow and experiential travel. He has also established Humanities Himalaya, an organisation focused on ground level research and policy interventions in the Himalayas.

## Books

* Ohri, Lokesh (2019). Till Kingdom Come: Medieval Hinduism in the Modern Himalaya. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-8178245423.
* Ohri, Lokesh (2019). Walking with Laata: 50 Trails through Doon Valley's Living History & Nature. Book World. ISBN 978-9381089408.
* Ohri, Lokesh (2022). Ganga Katha-Samagrata: Completeness of the Holy River Ganga. National Mission for Clean Ganga. ISBN 978-8195703982.
* Ohri, Lokesh (2022). Ganga Katha-Samakshata: Along the Holy River Ganga. National Mission for Clean Ganga. ISBN 978-8195901906.
# Leckhampstead, Buckinghamshire

Leckhampstead is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority area of Buckinghamshire, England. It is near the boundary with Northamptonshire, about 3 miles (5 km) north east of Buckingham, and west of Milton Keynes. The village is on the River Leck, a tributary of the River Great Ouse.

## History

The toponym is derived from the Old English for "homestead where leeks are grown". In the Domesday Book of 1086 the village was recorded as Lechamstede.
In the middle of the 16th century the village was split into two halves, Leckhampstead Magna and Leckhampstead Parva, with the foundation of a manor house in the latter. However within a couple of centuries the two halves were joined up again when the incumbent of Leckhampstead Magna inherited Leckhampstead Parva.
The manor and living of Leckhampstead were given to Martha Lovelace who was the daughter of the Governor of New York. She married Henry Beauclerk and their only son, also called Henry, inherited the manor in 1788. This Henry had already been given the living of the parish church of the Assumption of the Blesséd Virgin Mary.
The church building is Norman, with a tower that was added in the 13th century. It is a Grade I listed building.
# Ross Levine

Ross Levine (born April 16, 1960) is an American economist who currently holds the Willis H. Booth Chair in Banking and Finance at the University of California at Berkeley. He is also a senior fellow at the Milken Institute, a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, and an advisor to the World Economic Forum. As of 2018, he is the 12th most cited economist in the world.

## Education

He received his B.A. in economics from Cornell University in 1982, graduating Phi Beta Kappa. He completed his Ph.D. at UCLA in 1987.

## Career

Upon completion of his doctorate, he began work as an economist for the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. From 1990 to 1997, he was a principal economist at The World Bank.
He became an associate professor at the University of Virginia in 1997 and was granted tenure two years later. From 1999 to 2005, he was the Curtis L. Carlson Professor of Finance at the University of Minnesota.
In 2005, he was hired by the department of economics at Brown University, where he taught an undergraduate course on financial institutions and an advanced seminar on financial regulation. At Brown, he was also the founding director of the William R. Rhodes Center for International Economics and the James and Merryl Tisch Professor of Economics.
In February 2010, he debated the merits of financial innovation with Joseph Stiglitz, the 2001 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics, in an online series for The Economist.
He was hired by Berkeley in 2012 and remains an advisor to the World Bank, Federal Reserve System, and the International Monetary Fund.

## Research

Levine specializes in international finance, banking regulation, and economic development. Specifically, his research focuses on the links between financial intermediaries and economic growth. He has also examined bank supervision and corruption.
He has written extensively on the financial crisis of 2007–2010. In April 2010, he published An Autopsy of the U.S. Financial System, which investigated the causes of the crisis. He found that while financial institutions played a major role in the system's collapse, regulatory policies during the period from 1996 to 2006 also contributed to the crisis. He likens the government's role to negligent homicide.
   The evidence indicates that senior policymakers repeatedly designed, implemented, and maintained policies that destabilized the global financial system in the decade before the crisis. The policies incentivized financial institutions to engage in activities that generated enormous short-run profits but dramatically increased long-run fragility. Moreover, the evidence suggests that the regulatory agencies were aware of the consequences of their policies and yet chose not to modify those policies.

## Books

* Guardians of Finance: Making Them Work for Us, (with James Barth and Gerard Caprio), MIT Press, 2012.
* Rethinking Bank Supervision and Regulation: Until Angels Govern, (with James Barth and Gerard Caprio), Cambridge University Press, 2006.
* Financial Structure and Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Comparison of Banks, Markets, and Development, (with Asli Demirguc-Kunt). MIT Press, 2001.
# Alf Turner

Alfred Docwra Turner (25 June 1879–1926) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Bristol City and Nottingham Forest.
# Leïla Heurtault

Leïla Heurtault (born 4 January 1995) is a French karateka. She is a three-time medalist, including two golds, in the women's team kumite event at the World Karate Championships.
Heurtault represented France at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She competed in the women's 61 kg event.

## Career

In 2016, Heurtault won the gold medal in the women's team kumite event at the World Karate Championships held in Linz, Austria. Two years later, she also won the gold medal in the same event at the 2018 World Karate Championships held in Madrid, Spain.
In 2021, Heurtault competed at the World Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Paris, France hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She did not qualify at this tournament but she qualified after reassignment of the last qualifying spots. She finished in fifth place in her pool during the pool stage in the women's 61 kg event and she did not advance to compete in the semifinals.

## Personal life

Her younger sister Sara Heurtault also competes in karate and she won two medals at the 2018 World University Karate Championships held in Kobe, Japan.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Rank | Event |
| 2014 | World Championships | Bremen, Germany | 2nd | Team kumite |
| 2016 | World Championships | Linz, Austria | 1st | Team kumite |
| 2017 | European Championships | İzmit, Turkey | 3rd | Team kumite |
| 2018 | World Championships | Madrid, Spain | 1st | Team kumite |
| 2021 | European Championships | Poreč, Croatia | 3rd | Kumite 61 kg |
# Lukovice

Lukovice (Serbian Cyrillic: Луковице) is a village in the municipality of Gacko, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Maghera (disambiguation)

Maghera may refer to:
* Maghera, a town in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland
* Maghera, County Down, a civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland
* Maghera (parish), a parish in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland
* Maghera transmission site a mountain and radio/television transmission site in County Clare, Ireland.
* Maghera village, Vârfu Câmpului Commune, Botoșani County, Romania
# Lukasrand

Lukasrand is an established suburb to the southeast of Pretoria, South Africa.
# Japanese people in Nepal

There is a small community of Japanese people in Nepal (ネパールの日本人, Nepāru no nipponjin), mainly comprising expatriates from Japan. As of 2016, there were about 1,107 Japanese nationals in Nepal.

## Overview

Many Japanese people live or work in the Thamel neighborhood of Kathmandu. The district hosts a Japanese street festival, showcasing Japanese cultural activities, food, and products, organized by Japanese local groups including the Japanese Thamel Association and JICA.
Many recent Japanese arrivals in Nepal are members of medical teams sent to provide surgeries for low-paid Nepalese communities. Most of the costs for medical equipment, supplies and medicines delivered by these teams were covered by charity contributions from Japanese people and companies.

## Education

The Kathmandu Japanese Supplementary School is a supplementary programme for Japanese children in Kathmandu.

## Notable people

* Takashi Miyahara (宮原巍) - Nepalese tourism entrepreneur and politician
* Noboru Iwamura (岩村昇) - Japanese Biologist
* Ekai Kawaguchi (河口慧海) - Japanese Buddhist monk
* Tow Ubukata (冲方 丁) - Japanese writer
# Luo Yuan

Luo Yuan is the pinyin romanization of various Chinese names. It may refer to:
* Luo Yuan (羅願), Southern Song scholar and author of the Erya Yi
* Luo Yuan (罗援), rear admiral in the PRC navy
# Toobin

Toobin may refer to:
* Jeffrey Toobin (born 1960), American legal analyst
* Jerome Toobin (1919–1984), American television producer and father of Jeffrey
* Toobin', a 1988 arcade game by Atari and later ported to many other platforms
# Tom in America

Tom in America is a short film directed by Flavio Alves and starring Academy Award nominees Burt Young and Sally Kirkland. The story centers around the life of a married elderly man living in a Long Island suburb of New York City who, while rummaging through trash in search of things to sell at the local flea market, finds a Tom of Finland doll that triggers a long-ignored impulse.

## Cast

* Burt Young as Michael
* Sally Kirkland as Betty
* Jacques Mitchell as Tom
* Alex Kruz as Gus
* Dawn Young as Michele
* Denise Hungerford as Suzanne
* Michael J. Cannon as Chuck
* Steve Brustien as Doctor Hesse
* Erika Woods as Weather Woman
* Scott Schafer as Small Man
* Mitch Giannunzio as Big Man
* Eddie Sass III as Young Michael
* Wendy Callard-Booz as Old Woman

## Release

Tom in America had its world premiere at the 20th Palm Springs International Film Festival in June 2014.
# Lupicinus

Lupicinus may refer to:
* Lupicinus (magister equitum), consul 367
* Lupicinus (comes per Thracias), commander in the Gothic Wars 367/377
* Lupicinus of Lyon, archbishop of Lyon, 491–494
* Lupicinus of Condat, abbot and saint, 5th century
* Flavius Licerius Firminus Lupicinus, Gallo-Roman scholar of the 6th century
# Luo Meizhen

Luo Meizhen (simplified Chinese: 罗美珍; traditional Chinese: 羅美珍; pinyin: Luó Měizhēn, 9 July 1885? – 4 June 2013) was a Chinese claimant for the world's oldest person. Her claim was supported by a report from the Gerontological Society of China (GSC). However, it has not gained widespread acceptance due to the lack of reliable birth records in Guangxi at the time of her birth.

## Life and family

Luo Meizhen's official identity documents claimed that she was born in Guangxi on 9 July 1885. However, these documents were issued later in life. Her birth date could not be authoritatively verified as birth records were not kept in the region until 1949.
She was from the Yao ethnic group and lived in Bama county. Bama is known for the longevity of many of its residents, recording 31.7 supercentenarians per 100,000 people at their 2011 census. Luo was illiterate and worked as a farmer and housewife throughout her life. She was described as a nice but stubborn woman with a strong character.
Luo had five children. Skeptics of her longevity claim pointed out that if her date of birth was as claimed, she would have given birth to her youngest son aged 61.

## Oldest person claim

In 2010, the Gerontological Society of China announced that 125-year-old Luo Meizhen was the oldest living person in China. This also made her a likely claimant to be the oldest living person in the world. However, the lack of official birth records meant that Guinness World Records did not accept the claim of longevity.

## Death

After a few months of illness, Luo died of natural causes at the claimed age of 127 on 4 June 2013. She had several great-great-grandchildren by the time of her death.
# Mahdiyeh Metro Station

Mahdiyeh Metro Station is a station in line 3 of the Tehran Metro. It is located at the intersection of Valiasr Street and Molavi Street. The station will also serve Line 7, open on 14 July 2018, the date at which this station will also become operational.
# Torii Tadatsune

Torii Tadatsune (鳥居 忠恒, 1604 – August 7, 1636) was the son of the daimyō Torii Tadamasa; his fief reverted to the control of the shogunate when Tadatsune died without an heir.
| Preceded byTorii Tadamasa | Daimyō of Yamagata 1628–1636 | Succeeded byHoshina Masayuki |
# Lupinus guadalupensis

Lupinus guadalupensis is a rare species of lupine known by the common name Guadalupe Island lupine. It is known only from San Clemente Island, one of the Channel Islands of California, and Guadalupe Island off the coast of Baja California. It is a member of the coastal scrub growing alongside other island endemics and more common plants. This is an annual herb growing 20 to 60 centimeters high. Each palmate leaf is made up of 7 to 9 narrow leaflets up to 5 centimeters long and just a few millimeters wide, sometimes linear in shape. The inflorescence bears whorls of flowers each about a centimeter long and blue in color with a white banner patch which may fade pink. The fruit is a very hairy legume pod up to 6 centimeters long and about one wide. It contains 6 to 8 seeds.
# Mainland serow

The mainland serow (Capricornis sumatraensis) is a species of serow native to the Himalayas, Southeast Asia and China.
The mainland serow is related closely to the red serow.

## Taxonomy

In 1831, Brian Houghton Hodgson first described a goat-like animal with short annulated horns occurring in montane regions between the Sutlej and Teesta Rivers under the name "Bubaline Antelope". As "Bubaline" was preoccupied, he gave it the scientific name Antelope thar a few months later. When William Ogilby described the genus Capricornis in 1838, he determined the Himalayan serow as type species of this genus.
Teeth from C. sumatraensis were found in a dig from Khok Sung, estimated to originate from the Middle Pleistocene.

## Characteristics

The mainland serow possesses guard hairs on its coat that are bristly or coarse and cover the layer of fur closest to its skin to varying degrees. The animal has a mane that runs from the horns to the middle of the dorsal aspect of the animal between the scapulae covering the skin. The horns are only characteristic of the males and are light-colored, approximately six inches in length, and curve slightly towards the animal's back. The mainland serow, both male and female, is around three feet high at the shoulder, and typically weighs around 200 lb (91 kg).

## Distribution and habitat

The mainland serow occurs in central and southern China, India, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and in the Indonesian island of Sumatra. In Assam, it inhabits hilly forests above an elevation of 300 m (980 ft), but descends to 100 m (330 ft) in winter. It prefers elevations of 2,500–3,500 m (8,200–11,500 ft) in the Nepal Himalayas. In Tibet, its distribution follows forested mountain ranges.

## Behaviour and ecology

The mainland serow is territorial and lives alone or in small groups. Females give birth to a single young after a gestation period of about eight months.
Fossils from Khok Sung in northeastern Thailand suggest it was a forest dweller in this palaeoenvironment.

## Conservation

The mainland serow is protected under CITES Appendix I.