OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maltese Italian

Maltese Italian is the Italian language spoken in Malta. It has received some influences from the Maltese language.

## History

For many centuries since the Middle Ages and until 1934, Italian was the official language of Malta. Indeed, it had been considered the language of culture in Malta since the Italian Renaissance.
In the 19th century, Italian irredentists and Italian Maltese wanted to promote its use throughout Malta for plans to re-unify it with Italy as Malta was part of the Kingdom of Sicily up to the 13th century. In the first decades of the 20th century there was even a struggle within Maltese society and politics over the "language problem", which came to a head before World War II.
Although only the rich could speak Italian, it was however understood by nearly all the population, and with Maltese being generally spoken by those less well-off, Italian was used as the official language in Malta until 1934.
But in 1933, the Constitution was withdrawn over the Government's budgetary vote for the teaching of Italian in elementary schools. and furthermore Italian was dropped by the British authorities from official language status in Malta in 1934, its place being taken by Maltese.
In 1935, there were protests against all these decisions, promoted by the Maltese nationalists: the Nationalist Party of Enrico Mizzi declared that most of the Maltese population was supporting directly or indirectly the Italian Maltese's struggle.
One of the staunchest supporters of the Italian language in Malta was Carmelo Borg Pisani.
The greatest Italian-speaking Maltese of the second half of the 20th century is Vincenzo Maria Pellegrini (1911–1997), who wrote most of his works in Italian and composed a poem in Maltese Italian in honor of Garibaldi in 1982, a hundred years after the death of the "hero of the two worlds".
Since the 1950s, there has been a huge increase in Maltese people who are able to speak or understand (or both) the Italian language, thanks mainly to broadcasts of Italian television: from 15% (nearly 40,000) in 1950 to 36% (145,000) in 2002 and to 86% (360,000) in 2010.
Furthermore, since 1970, Maltese Italian has been considered for possible reinstatement as an official language in Malta. In 1981, the government of Malta began to publish the monthly magazine Lo Stivale in Maltese Italian. The Malta Constitution allows 3 languages to be official in Malta and this rule is favorable to the reinstatement of the Italian language.
# Hochfelln

Hochfelln is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany located in the Chiemgau Alps. Its summit is 1,674 meters high. Hochfelln overlooks the lake Chiemsee.
Hochfelln includes an area of Early Jurassic calcareous called the Hochfelln Beds, which has a substantial amount of silicified Early Jurassic gastropod fauna -- among the most diverse such assemblages in the Northern Calcareous Alps and Germany. The area also has rock deposits from the late Triassic to Cretaceous eras.
# Admiral Graves

Admiral Graves may refer to:
* Samuel Graves (1713–1787), fleet commander in America from 1774
* Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves (1725–1802), fleet commander in America from 1781, and in command during the Napoleonic Wars
* Thomas Graves (Royal Navy officer) (c. 1747–1814), admiral after service in the Seven Years' War
# Mailly-la-Ville

Mailly-la-Ville (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France.
# John Stibbon

General Sir John James Stibbon, KCB, OBE (5 January 1935 – 9 February 2014) was a senior British Army officer who served as Master-General of the Ordnance from 1987 to 1991.

## Early life

Stibbon and his twin sister were born in London, England, on 5 January 1935 to Jack Stibbon, a policeman. With the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939, he was evacuated to Norfolk. He was educated at Portsmouth Southern Grammar School. At school, he was an accomplished athlete and footballer.

## Military career

Having completed officer training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, Stibbon was commissioned into the Royal Engineers, British Army, on 6 August 1954 as a second lieutenant. He was appointed Commanding Officer of 28th Amphibious Engineer Regiment in 1975 and then made Assistant Military Secretary at the Ministry of Defence in 1977. In 1979 he was made Commander of 20th Armoured Brigade and in 1983 he became Commandant of the Royal Military College of Science. He was promoted to Assistant Chief of Defence Staff in 1985 and to Master-General of the Ordnance in 1987; he retired in 1991. He was also Chief Royal Engineer from 1993 to 1999 and Colonel Commandant of the Royal Army Pay Corps (1985 to 1987) and of the Royal Pioneer Corps (1986 to 1987).

## Later life

In retirement, Stibbon was a non-executive director of the Chemring Group from 1993 to 2005 and chairman of ITT Defence Ltd from 1993 to 2004. He was also an honorary vice-president of the Football Association from 1987 to 1993.
Stibbon died on 9 February 2014. His funeral service was held at St Andrew's Church, Shrivenham on 25 February 2014.
# Lukey's Boat

"Lukey's Boat" or "Loakie's Boat" (Roud 1828) is a comical folk song originating from the east coast of Newfoundland. Given its metre, it may have derived from a sea shanty.
There are many minor variations of the song, depending on the singer; however it is essentially about the characteristics of the title boat, with the last few stanzas about Lukey returning home to find his wife dead and buried (who appears not to grieve her much, as he'll have another "in the spring of the year"). The earliest printed version was in "Ballads from Nova Scotia" (1932) by Helen Creighton, listed as "Loakie's Boat".
Contemporary recordings include "Lukey" by Great Big Sea for their 1995 album Up, The Chieftains featuring Great Big Sea for the 1998 album Fire in the Kitchen , and John White, from St John's, Newfoundland in 1996. Fiddler's Green, a German folk band, for their 2007 album Drive Me Mad!, and The Kreellers on Sixth and Porter released in 2008. Cornish Group Fisherman's Friends included the song on their 2024 release All Aboard.
The song was also used as a theme song for Australian comedian Lukey Bolland.
# Jack Carter's Law

Jack Carter's Law is a 1974 British crime novel written by Ted Lewis. It is a prequel to Lewis' best known work, Jack's Return Home (1970) which was adapted into the film Get Carter in 1971. On Christmas Eve, Jack Carter learns that a supergrass is about to inform to the police and put him and his associates away for lengthy prison sentences. Carter attempts to hunt down the informer, but it proves a far more dangerous task than he anticipates.
# Anne Plichota

Anne Plichota (born Dijon, 1968) is a French children's author. With her fellow Strasbourg librarian Cendrine Wolf she co-authored Oksa Pollock (2007-2013), a French fantasy series, and a second more "gothic" trilogy Susan Hopper (first novel published March 2013).
The two authors were originally refused by major publishing houses so self-published the first book and distributed it locally in Strasbourg. The series acquired a teen blog following and became a local phenomenon in Alsace, then throughout France. Then in translation in Germany and Spain. The Oksa series is published in English in the UK by Pushkin Press.
# Jeris White

Jeris Jerome White (born September 3, 1952) is a former professional American football cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for nine seasons for the Miami Dolphins, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Washington Redskins. He played football at Radford High School, Honolulu, Hawaii, and at the University of Hawaii. He was drafted by Miami in the second round of the 1974 NFL draft. He is the first person from a Hawaii high and collegiate school to ever play in a Super Bowl. White was a holdout when the Redskins opened the 1983 season, so Washington replaced him with its first-round draft pick Darrell Green.
# Hochfilzen

Hochfilzen is a town and municipality in the Kitzbühel district of the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is located in the Pillersee valley 5 km east of Fieberbrunn. Population was 1,147 in 2016.
It is a popular winter sports resort, especially for cross-country skiing. In 2017 (9 to 19 February) it hosted the Biathlon World Championships, as it also did in 2005, 1998 and 1978, and it is a regular venue in the annual IBU World Cup series.

## Training area

In 1875 Hochfilzen was joined to the railway network and soon afterwards a military training area was established here. The training area is used today by the Austrian Bundesheer as an army sports centre for biathlon as well as survival training by the Jagdkommando. The training area was once one of the scenes in the Lucona Scandal, which shook Austrian politics at the end of the 1970s.
# Spine (1986 film)

Spine is a 1986 American horror film written and directed by John Howard and Justin Simmonds and starring Janus Blythe.

## Plot

A madman stalks nurses, brutally stabbing them to death. In his fevered mind, he believes his victims to be a woman from his past named Linda. Police struggle to apprehend him before he can murder and mutilate again.

## Cast

* Kathy Rose as First Victim
* R. Eric Huxley as Lawrence Ashton
* John Howard as Leo Meadows (as Antoine Herzog)
* Bill Eberwein as Chuck Roast
* Marie Dowling as Lori Anderson
* Dan Watson as Man in Office
* Abby Sved as Louise Morton
* James Simonds as Police Captain
* Donna Sayles as Bobbie Jones
* Carl Elliot as Sam Joffrey
* Larry Nielson as Charlie Saunders
* Lise Romanoff as Leah Petralla
* Janus Blythe as Carrie Lonegan
* Brenda Brandon as Computer Technician
* Terry Simonds as At Police Headquarters
* Jason Eberweinas At Police Headquarters
* Roger Watkins as At Police Headquarters (as Ray Hicks)

## Release

It was released directly to video somewhere in 1986.
# Maillé

Maillé may refer to the following places in France:
* Maillé, Indre-et-Loire, a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department, site of a 1944 war crime
* Maillé, Vendée, a commune in the Vendée department
* Maillé, Vienne, a commune in the Vienne department
# Hugh M. Caldwell

Hugh M. Caldwell (June 7, 1881 – January 29, 1955) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Seattle from 1920 to 1922.
# Lepidochitona cinerea

Lepidochitona cinerea, known by the common names common chiton or gray chiton, is a species of chiton, a marine polyplacophoran mollusc in the family Tonicellidae.

## Distribution

Lepidochitona cinerea is found in the North Sea and on the coastal region of the Black Sea.

## Description

Lepidochitona cinerea is a broadly oval mollusc that grows up to 24 mm long.
# Mage (Archaeron)

Mage is a 1980 rulebook for the Archaeron Game System.

## Contents

Mage is a supplement designed to add to a fantasy campaign, or it can be used as a magical combat rules system.

## Reception

Lloyd W. Willis reviewed Mage in The Space Gamer No. 37. Willis commented that "The main problem with Mage is that it requires a thorough and imaginative referee. Since such referees are always in short supply, using Mage in your campaign is likely to be quite disappointing. On the other hand, if you use it for the one-on-one magical combat, it promises all the excitement of the last Duran-Leonard fight."

## Reviews

* Different Worlds #28 (April, 1983)
* Pegasus #2 (1981)
# Malva (disambiguation)

Malva is a genus of plants.
Malva may also refer to:
* 2S43 Malva, Russian self-propelled gun on a truck chassis
* Malva, Roman name for the Moulouya River
* Malva (Dacia), Dacian settlement in present-day Romania, where the Roman city of Romula was built.
* Malva, Zamora, a Spanish municipality of Castile and León
* Malwa, an alternative spelling for the Indian region and former state
* the pseudonym of Syrian artist Omar Hamdi
* Malva pudding, a South African sweet pudding
* Malva, a fictional character from Pokémon X and Y
* Malva (1924 film), a German silent film
* Malva (1957 film), a Russian drama film
* Malva Christie, a fictional character in Diana Gabaldon's Outlander book series and its TV adaptation
# List of Alpine two-thousanders

List of Alpine two-thousanders may refer to:
* List of mountains of the Alps (2500–2999 m)
* List of mountains of the Alps (2000–2499 m)
# Addi Gela

Addi Gela is a reservoir located in the Hintalo Wajirat woreda of the Tigray Region in Ethiopia. The earthen dam that holds the reservoir was built in 1998 by SAERT.

## Dam characteristics

* Dam height: 22 metres
* Dam crest length: 424 metres
* Spillway width: 14 metres

## Capacity

* Original capacity: 1 250 000 m³
* Dead storage: 62 500 m³
* Reservoir area: 18.5 ha
In 2002, the life expectancy of the reservoir (the duration before it is filled with sediment) was estimated at 40 years.

## Irrigation

* Designed irrigated area: 100 ha
* Actual irrigated area in 2002: 6 ha

## Environment

The catchment of the reservoir is 8.19 km$^2$ large, with a perimeter of 13.43 km and a length of 5640 metres. The reservoir suffers from rapid siltation. The lithology of the catchment is Agula Shale, Mekelle Dolerite, and sandstone of the Amba Aradam Formation. Part of the water that could be used for irrigation is lost through seepage; the positive side-effect is that this contributes to groundwater recharge.
# Academy Hill Historic District

Academy Hill Historic District may refer to:
* Academy Hill Historic District (Andover, Massachusetts), listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts
* Westminster Village-Academy Hill Historic District, Westminster, MA, listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts
* Union Street-Academy Hill Historic District, Montgomery, NY, listed on the NRHP in New York
* Academy Hill Historic District (Statesville, North Carolina), listed on the NRHP in Iredell County, North Carolina
* Academy Hill Historic District (Greensburg, Pennsylvania), listed on the NRHP in Pennsylvania
* Academy Hill Historic District (Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania), listed on the NRHP in Monroe County, Pennsylvania
# Satyawati

Satyawati is a village development committee in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3183 people.
# Maer Lake

Maer Lake is a nature reserve adjacent to Bude, in Cornwall, England. It is a wetland meadow with open water, and is an important site for over-wintering birds.

## Description

The earliest mention of the lake is in 1284, as "La Mare", and in the post-medieval period it was an area of wet grazing shared by local farmers. In 1993 the site was jointly purchased by the Cornwall Wildlife Trust and the Cornwall Birdwatching and Preservation Society, and it is managed by the two organisations.
The area of the site is 8.9 hectares (22 acres). It is a freshwater wetland, and a wetland meadow for grazing animals; it is an important as a passage site and as an over-wintering site for waders and wildfowl. A sluice was constructed so that there would be permanent shallow flooding of the site; 1 to 6 hectares (2.5 to 14.8 acres) may lie under water. The permanent shallow water has created a thick silt which is beneficial for waders.
Species seen on the site include golden plover, wigeon, jack snipe, lapwing, dunlin, redwing, water rail, marsh harrier and black-tailed godwit. About 1 hectare (2.5 acres) is covered with yellow flag iris and marsh marigold; there is also bog bean and pink water-speedwell.
Access is restricted, to give security to resident and visiting birds: viewing is permitted only from the lane above the reserve.
# Louis LeBel

Louis LeBel CC (November 30, 1939 – June 8, 2023) was a Canadian jurist who was a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. He served on the Court from 2000 to 2014.
LeBel was born in Quebec City. He was the son of lawyer Paul LeBel, Q.C.
LeBel went to school at the Collège des Jésuites, graduating with a BA in 1958. LeBel earned his law degree at Université Laval in 1962 and went on to get an LL.M from the University of Toronto in 1966. He was a top student, winning the Governor General's medal, the Lieutenant General's medal and the Tessier silver medal.
LeBel was called to the bar in 1962 and practised in Quebec City in several firms until 1984. During this period he taught at the University of Ottawa and Université Laval.
On June 28, 1984, he was appointed directly to the Quebec Court of Appeal. He stayed on the Court until he was appointed by Jean Chrétien to the Supreme Court of Canada in 2000.
LeBel was married to Louise Poudrier on August 28, 1965. His wife is also a lawyer and taught at Université Laval until 2000. They had three children; Paul, Catherine and François, who was appointed a judge of the Court of Quebec in 2018.
LeBel died on June 8, 2023, at the age of 83.
# Malva, Spain

Malva is a municipality located in the province of Zamora, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2012 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 167 inhabitants.

## Geography

Located in south of the natural reserve of Lagunas de Villafáfila, Malva is 17 km far from Toro, 33 from Zamora and 83 from Valladolid.
# Ho-401 cannon

Ho-401 was a Japanese aircraft autocannon that saw limited, if any, use during World War II. It was a large-caliber version of the 37 mm Ho-203 cannon. The cannon was used on the ground-attack, Kawasaki Ki-102b heavy fighter of the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force.

## Specifications

* Caliber: 57 mm (2.25 in)
* Ammunition: 57 x 121R (1,550 g)
* Weight: 150 kg (330 lb)
* Rate of fire: 80 rounds/min
* Muzzle velocity: 495 m/s (1,624 ft/s)

## Citations

* ↑ Gustin & Williams, p. 183
# Tonga at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics

Tonga participated at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 6 October to 18 October 2018.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors that participated at the Games per sport.
| Sport | Boys | Girls | Total |
| Athletics | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Futsal | 0 | 10 | 10 |
| Swimming | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 2 | 10 | 12 |

## Archery

Tonga was given a spot to compete in the girl's event by the tripartite committee, but Tonga did not compete in archery.

## Athletics

Tonga was given a spot to compete by the tripartite committee.
* Boys' events - 1 quota

## Futsal

Tonga qualified in the girls' tournament by finishing runner's up at the 2017 OFC Youth Futsal Tournament and after New Zealand decided to compete in rugby sevens.
* Girls' tournament - 1 team of 10 athletes

## Swimming

Tonga was given a quota to compete in the boy's event by the tripartite committee.
* Boys' events - Finau 'Ohuafi

## Taekwondo

Tonga was given a quota to compete in the girls' +63 kg event by the tripartite committee, but Tonga did not compete in taekwondo.
# USS James River (SP-861)

The first USS James River (SP-861) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918.
James River was built as a civilian motorboat of the same name by C. Crockett at Pocomoke City, Maryland. In May 1917, the U.S. Navy acquired her from her owner, the Virginia State Fish and Oyster Commission, for use as a section patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned as USS James River (SP-861).
Assigned to the 5th Naval District, James River patrolled Pocomoke Sound, the James River, the Elizabeth River, and other parts of the lower Chesapeake Bay until just under three weeks before the end of World War I.
James River was returned to the Virginia State Fish and Oyster Commission on 22 October 1918.
# Tepetitán, Tabasco

Tepetitán is one of the two most important towns of the Macuspana Municipality, Tabasco in Mexico and one of the 19 regional development centers where most of the municipality's economic and social activities occur. It is the oldest settlement in the municipality and in the vicinity there is a river. Its population is 1,522 inhabitants and it is about 23 miles (37 km) from the municipal seat.

## Early beginnings

During an expedition of conquistador Hernán Cortés between 1524 and 1525, the conqueror mentioned having passed through a town called Tepetitlán, which could have been the present town of Tepetitán.

## 19th century

The town was the core of the insurrection of the Macuspana uprising against the centralist government in the year 1840, rebelling against the government of General José Ignacio Gutiérrez (es) in Tabasco.

## Economic activity

There are two oil wells and the main economic activities are agriculture, livestock and fishing.

## Notable people

Tepetitán is the birthplace of Andrés Manuel López Obrador, former President of Mexico.
# Subodh Srivastava

Subodh Srivastava is an Indian costume designer.

## Career

Subodh got his first break in the movie Semshook, but his first notable work which reformed his career is director Anees Bazmee's No Problem. Later, he went on to design costumes for films like Thank You, Jaana Pehchana, Chillar Party, Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1, Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2, Mastram, Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster Returns and Jazbaa.
He has an experience of more than ten years in designing and styling for films and commercials. He has worked for commercials of Havells, Dabur Babool, UAE Xchange, Life of Pi Promo for Star Network, Regal Emporia, Emergency Room for National Geographic Channel and Finolex Pipe Advertisement.

## Filmography

* Semshook (2010)
* No Problem (2010)
* Thank You (2011 film) (2011)
* Jaana Pehchana (2011)
* Chillar Party (2011)
* Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1 (2012)
* Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2 (2012)
* Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster Returns (2013)
* Mastram (2014)
* Welcome Back (2014)
* Jazbaa (2015)
* Lahoriye (2017)
* Vodka Diaries (2017)
* Super 30 (2019)
* Marshal (2019)
* Rangbaaz (web series)(2019)
* The Final Call (TV series)(2019)
* The Girl on the Train (film)(2021)
* Noise of Silence (film)(2021)
* Bawri Chhori (film)(2021)

## Awards

Subodh got a lot of appreciation for his work in Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1 and Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2, as he was the only designer for such a huge and ensemble cast. His work in Gangs of Wasseypur earned him his first nomination in Screen Awards in the category of Best Costume Designer.
# Thompsonville, Texas

Thompsonville, Texas may refer to the following places:
* Thompsonville, Gonzales County, Texas
* Thompsonville, Jim Hogg County, Texas
# Maltepe, Sarıçam

Maltepe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Sarıçam, Adana Province, Turkey. Its population is 172 (2022). Before 2008, it was part of the district of Yüreğir.
# Tadashi Abe

Tadashi Abe (阿部 正, Abe Tadashi) (1926 – November 23, 1984) was the first aikido master to live and teach in the west. He began training in Aikido in Osaka in 1942 and went on to train directly under the founder of the art Morihei Ueshiba at Iwama as an uchideshi during World War II. In 1952, after graduating in law from Waseda University, he moved to France where he studied law at the Sorbonne and taught aikido as a 6th Dan representative of Aikikai Honbu. After seven years he returned to Japan. By 1964 he was a 7th dan black belt in aikido.
Aikido had been introduced into France a year earlier by Minoru Mochizuki during a visit, but it was Tadashi Abe's teaching at the judo dojo of Mikonosuke Kawaishi where aikido was first taught on a regular basis in the west.
In his beginning years in aikido, Abe had been very keen on ascertaining the martial effectiveness of the art. He wrote two books on aikido in French language, and a scathing letter in critique of Koichi Tohei´s decision to break from the Aikikai and start his own Ki Society. He was the cousin of Yoshimitsu Yamada.