OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lawa Hydropower Station

The Lawa Hydropower Station (Chinese: 拉哇水电站) is a hydropower station along the Jinsha River in the junction of Sichuan Province and Tibet Autonomous Region. It is located in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River. The Lawa Dam is a rock-fill dam with a maximum height of 234 meters. The total investment of this project is ¥ 30.969 billion, and the total installed capacity is 2 million kilowatts.

## History

In March 2017, the preparatory construction of Lawa Hydropower Station started. In January 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the construction of the Lawa Hydropower Station.
Lawa Hydropower Station is a major project that is prioritized in the "12th Five-Year Plan" and "13th Five-Year Plan".
# La Marquise

La Marquise is the world's oldest running automobile, as of 2011. It is an 1884 model made by Frenchmen De Dion, Bouton and Trépardoux. The car was a quadricycle prototype named for de Dion's mother.
In 1887, the Count of Dion drove La Marquise in an exhibition that has been called the world's first car race, though no other car showed up. It made the 32-odd-kilometre (20 mile) Paris-to-Versailles round trip at an average speed of 25.5 km/h (almost 16 mph). The following year, he beat Bouton in a three-wheeler with an average speed of 29 km/h (19 mph).
Fueled by coal, wood and bits of paper, the car takes 30–40 minutes to build up enough steam to drive. Top speed is 61 km/h (38 mph).
As the oldest car, it wore the number "0" in the 1996 London to Brighton Veteran Car Run. The vehicle was sold at the 2007 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance for $3.52 million. It sold again in 2011 for $4.6 million, a record price for an early automobile.
# Lack's principle

Lack's principle, proposed by the British ornithologist David Lack in 1954, states that "the clutch size of each species of bird has been adapted by natural selection to correspond with the largest number of young for which the parents can, on average, provide enough food". As a biological rule, the principle can be formalised and generalised to apply to reproducing organisms in general, including animals and plants. Work based on Lack's principle by George C. Williams and others has led to an improved mathematical understanding of population biology.

## Principle

Lack's principle implies that birds that happen to lay more eggs than the optimum will most likely have fewer fledglings (young that successfully fly from the nest) because the parent birds will be unable to collect enough food for them all. Evolutionary biologist George C. Williams notes that the argument applies also to organisms other than birds, both animals and plants, giving the example of the production of ovules by seed plants as an equivalent case. Williams formalised the argument to create a mathematical theory of evolutionary decision-making, based on the framework outlined in 1930 by R. A. Fisher, namely that the effort spent on reproduction must be worth the cost, compared to the long-term reproductive fitness of the individual. Williams noted that this would contribute to the discussion on whether (as Lack argued) an organism's reproductive processes are tuned to serve its own reproductive interest (natural selection), or as V.C. Wynne-Edwards proposed, to increase the chances of survival of the species to which the individual belonged (group selection). The zoologist J.L. Cloudsley-Thompson argued that a large bird would be able to produce more young than a small bird. Williams replied that this would be a bad reproductive strategy, as large birds have lower mortality and therefore a higher residual reproductive value over their whole lives (so taking a large short-term risk is unjustified). Williams' reply "is one of the most cited papers in life history evolution because it ... made it conceptually possible to find the optimal life history strategies in age-structured populations".
# Lack (surname)

Lack is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrew Lack (author) (born 1953), English biologist and author
* Andrew Lack (executive) (born 1947), chairman of NBC News and MSNBC
* David Lack (1910–1973), British ornithologist and biologist
* Eddie Lack (born 1988), Calgary Flames goaltender
* Fredell Lack (1922–2017), American classical violinist
* James J. Lack (born 1944), New York politician and judge
* Ken Lack (1934–2001), Jamaican record producer
* Mercie Lack (1894-1985), British photographer
* Portia Lack (born 1961), American handball player
* Simon Lack (1913–1980), Scottish actor
* Stephen Lack (born 1946), Scottish painter and actor
* Théodore Lack (1846–1921), French classical pianist and composer
# Speed limits in Cyprus

The general speed limits in Cyprus are as follows:
General Speed limits :
| Type of road | Limit in km/h (mph) |
| Pedestrian zones | 30 (19) |
| Urban | 50 (31) |
| Rural | 80 (50) |
| Motorway | 100 (62) |
# Richard Power (Parnellite MP)

Richard Power (1851 – 29 November 1891) was an Irish nationalist politician and MP in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and as member of the Home Rule League and the Irish Parliamentary Party represented Waterford City from 6 February 1874 until his death at the early age of 40, in 1891.
He was first elected in the 1874 United Kingdom general election as a candidate of the Home Rule League, standing with Major Purcell O'Gorman, who was the other member elected. He was re-elected in 1880, then stood successfully for the Irish Parliamentary Party in the elections of 1885 and 1886.
He served as Mayor of Waterford in 1886 and 1887.
He held the position of Irish Whip in parliament from 1878
and performed a key role in coordinating MPs in carrying out Parnell's highly disciplined pressure on the Liberal and Conservative parties over Home Rule.
Power was a major supporter of Charles Stewart Parnell during his leadership crisis after the Katharine O'Shea divorce controversy. Despite this, he remained popular on both sides of the party. He was reported to have caught a chill at Parnell's funeral, which left his lungs weak. He was married only a few days before his death.
# Gregory Island (Antarctica)

Gregory Island is a small ice-free island lying just off the east coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica, 5 km (3.1 mi) north-east of Cape Archer and 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Cape Ross. It was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (1901–04), at which time it was thought to be a coastal point and was named "Gregory Point," for John Walter Gregory, director of the civilian staff of the expedition. It was determined to be an island by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13.

## Important Bird Area

A 51 ha site comprising the whole island has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports a colony of south polar skuas, with an estimate of about 120 breeding pairs made in 1983. The nearest permanent research station the USA's McMurdo Station and New Zealand's Scott Base lying about 150 km to the south-east on Ross Island.
# Gregory Island (Kimberley coast)

Gregory Island (16°18′59″S 123°18′31″E﻿ / ﻿16.31639°S 123.30861°E﻿ / -16.31639; 123.30861) is located off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia.
# Lawrence Irving Wilde

Lawrence Irving Wilde (born Yuri Boguinia, April 5, 1991), is a composer, educator, violinist, and nyckelharpa player. Wilde has been commissioned by and collaborated with ensembles such as the Kronos Quartet, Eighth Blackbird, JACK Quartet, ÆON Music Ensemble, Sō Percussion, Tesla Quartet, Aspen Music Festival Orchestra, Moscow String Quartet, Ensemble Mise-En, Juilliard Orchestra, and others.

## Early life

Wilde demonstrated aptitude for music at an early age, excelling as both a violinist and pianist. His musical talents were nurtured by his mother Vivien Wilde (born Natalia Boguinia) who introduced him to an array of musical genres and artists ranging from Led Zeppelin to Ligeti. The family relocated to Boulder, Colorado in 2000. While in Boulder, Wilde was noticed by composer Daniel Kellogg who recognised his compositional abilities and began to teach him composition privately. In 2009, Wilde and his brother Charles were accepted to the Interlochen Center for the Arts.

## Education

Wilde completed his undergraduate studies in music composition at the Juilliard School, where he worked with Samuel Adler and Christopher Rouse. In 2012, Wilde won the Juilliard Orchestra Competition with his work Margarita at the Ball for piano and orchestra; the work was premiered by the Juilliard Orchestra and pianist Maxwell Foster conducted by Jeffery Milarsky. Upon completing his undergraduate studies at Juilliard, Wilde completed an M.F.A. in music composition at Princeton University, where he worked with Steven Mackey, Dmitri Tymoczko, and Dan Trueman. In 2015, Wilde was named a Bang on a Can Summer Festival Fellow and worked with composers David Lang, Julia Wolfe and Michael Gordon at the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art.

## Career

In 2013, Wilde became "one of the youngest composers ever commissioned by the Kronos Quartet". His music has been programmed at festivals and venues such as the Lincoln Center Out of Doors, Carnegie Hall, Symphony Space, Aspen Music Festival, Tanglewood Music Festival, Cabrillo Festival of Contemporary Music, Bang On A Can Music Festival, Centro Nacional de Difusion Musical, and others. Wilde studies composition privately with Sofia Gubaidulina whose music is the focus of his dissertation at Princeton University. In 2018, Wilde was endorsed by the Arts Council England as an Exceptional Talent.

## Awards and commissions

* 2009 ASCAP Morton Gould Young Composer Award.
* 2010 Young Composer Scholarship to Boston University Tanglewood Institute.
* 2012 Aspen Music Festival Fellowship.
* 2013 Kronos Quartet commissions On the Wings of Pegasus
* 2014 Kronos Quartet commissions Speak, Time
* 2014 Paul and Daisy Soros Fellowship.
* 2015 Bang on a Can Summer Festival Fellowship.
* 2017 ASCAP Morton Gould Young Composer Award.
# Richard Carter (MP for Cornwall)

Richard Carter (1617–1668) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1654 and 1656.
Carter was the son of John Carter of Columb, Cornwall. He matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford on 9 September 1634, aged 17. He was of St. Columb, or Columb Major.
In 1654, Carter was elected Member of Parliament for Cornwall in the First Protectorate Parliament. He was re-elected MP for Cornwall in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament.
Carter died at the age of 50 and was buried on 29 January 1668.
# Lazard Capital Markets

Lazard Capital Markets is an American New York-based full-service broker dealer founded in 2005 in a spin-off from its parent Lazard.
Lazard Capital Markets focuses its activities on equity research, sales and trading; fixed-income and convertible bond sales and trading; and securities underwriting. The firm maintains a business alliance agreement with Lazard that provides for the continuation of certain historical business relationships including origination of transactions.
# La Pedrera, Rocha

La Pedrera is a village and resort on the Atlantic Coast in the Rocha Department of Uruguay. It is located on Route 10, about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northeast of La Paloma. Although it has a very small permanent population, in summer it is an important coastal resort. La Pedrera is also famous for its proximity to the Valle de la Luna, which extend to Santa Isabel de la Pedrera.

## Population

In 2011 La Pedrera had a population of 225 permanent inhabitants and 753 dwellings.
| Year | Population | Dwellings |
| 1963 | 48 | 98 |
| 1975 | 64 | 164 |
| 1985 | 65 | 178 |
| 1996 | 115 | 329 |
| 2004 | 165 | 490 |
| 2011 | 225 | 753 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay

## Places of worship

* Our Lady of Lourdes Chapel (Roman Catholic)
# Guanhães

Guanhães is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil.
# Le Val-Larrey

Le Val-Larrey (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. It was established on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Flée (the seat) and Bierre-lès-Semur.
# Le Val-Saint-Germain

Le Val-Saint-Germain (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.
Inhabitants of Le Val-Saint-Germain are known as Val-Saint-Germinois.
# Le Val-d'Esnoms

Le Val-d'Esnoms (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France.
# Splendrillia anomala

Splendrillia anomala is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.

## Distribution

This extinct marine species was endemic to New Zealand
# Splendrillia arga

Splendrillia arga is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 9.3 mm, its diameter 3.2 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the demersal zone of the Pacific Ocean between Mexico and Panama.
# SpoT

Bifunctional (p)ppGpp synthase/hydrolase SpoT or SpoT is a regulatory enzyme in the RelA/SpoT Homologue (RSH) protein family that synthesizes and hydrolyzes (p)ppGpp to regulate the bacterial stringent response to environmental stressors. SpoT is considered a "long" form RSH protein and is found in many bacteria and plant chloroplasts. SpoT and its homologues have been studied in bacterial model organism E.coli for their role in the production and degradation of (p)ppGpp in the stringent response pathway.

## Role in Stringent Response Pathway

The stringent response regulated by SpoT, RelA, and their homologues can cause a bacterium to increase its persistence in stressful environments. SpoT can act as both a hydrolase and a synthetase to (p)ppGpp alarmones in the stringent response pathway with Mn2+ as its cofactor. When there are environmental stressors present, SpoT uses ATP and GDP to synthesize (p)ppGpp and catalyze the stringent response. When stressors are removed and a stringent response is no longer necessary SpoT hydrolyzes (p)ppGpp, cleaving it into GTP and diphosphate. Environmental stressors including but not limited to amino acid starvation, carbon deficiencies, phosphate deficiencies and changes in temperature have been documented to cause the gene encoding SpoT to activate.
The acyl carrier protein (ACP) binds to the TGS domain of SpoT; this binding is probably influenced by the ratio of unacylated ACP to acylated ACP in the cell.

### Role as a Hydrolase

SpoT mainly serves as a hydrolase in systems similar to E.coli. SpoT's hydrolase activity is Mn2+-dependent with a conserved His-Asp (HD) motif. Phosphate starvation is sensed by SpoT hydrolase to elevate (p)ppGpp, which induces IraP, a RssB antiadaptor that antagonizes RssB activation of RpoS turnover, thereby inducing RpoS.

### SpoT in E. coli

In E. coli, the SpoT protein consists of 702 amino acids. E.coli uses RelA and SpoT as its two main (p)ppGpp regulating enzymes. When the gene for encoding RelA is nonfunctional, E. coli can still regulate (p)ppGpp through SpoT as it has both HD and SYNTH domains.

## Related Proteins and the RelA/SpoT Homologue Superfamily

SpoT and RelA have many homologous variations, forming the RelA/SpoT Homologue (RSH) protein family. These homologues serve similar functions to SpoT and RelA in stringent responses. Protein domains observed in members of the RSH protein family are separated by hydrolase (HD) functionality and synthetase (SYNTH) functionality (see Figure 2).
# Lay minister

Lay minister may refer to:
* Licensed lay minister, sometimes called lay reader, a lay person authorised to conduct certain services and perform other priestly duties in the Anglican church
* A lay minister in other denominations. See lay ministry and laity.
# Gretna High School

Gretna High School is a public high school in Gretna, Virginia. Average attendance is 550 students per year. Between 2008 and 2010, it was renovated along with other Pittsylvania County schools: Tunstall Sr. High School, Dan River High School, and Chatham High School.
Gretna High School has won five Virginia football state championships since 2003.

## Mission and Vision

Gretna High School is dedicated to preparing the students of today to become the leaders of tomorrow. Gretna's challenging and diverse academic programs will better position students to reach their future goals, whether that be attending an accredited university or becoming a productive member of the work force. Students at GHS can also participate in a wide variety of extracurricular and co-curricular activities. The Gretna High School experience lasts a lifetime and has a large impact on a student's overall development. The wonderful opportunities and experiences of GHS put Gretna in a class of its own.
Gretna High School's Vision:
To be recognized as a positive learning community that promotes student success.
Mission Statement:
In order to insure that our school’s mission adequately embodies our purpose as defined by teachers, students, parents, and community stakeholders, our mission statement is biennially reviewed and revised as necessary.Our current mission statement is as follows:
Gretna High School’s mission is to provide a safe, pleasant educational environment that promotes learning and personal achievement.

## Clubs

Gretna High School has several clubs, including:
* Beta Club
* Bible Club
* French Club
* Spanish Club
* Yearbook
* Science Club
* Drama Club
* Table Top Club
* FBLA
* FCCLA
* DECA
* SCA
* FFA
* ACE

## Sports

Gretna High School has many sports teams, including:
* Cross-Country
* Track
* Football
* Basketball
* Volleyball
* Golf
* Baseball
* Softball
* Cheerleading
# La Puerta del Cielo / Seven Lives

"La Puerta del Cielo / Seven Lives" is the first single from Enigma's seventh album Seven Lives Many Faces.

## Overview

The track "Seven Lives" had been featured on German TV as the signature theme to the public broadcaster EinsFestival's coverage of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. The single was digitally released in Germany on 8 August and physically on 15 August. The single reached top 50 in Germany and remained in the top 100 for several weeks. "Seven Lives" was featured in the well-known Norwegian game Kahoot! as part of the soundtrack. Cretu was uncredited for it.
The title of the song "La Puerta del Cielo" (The Gate of Heaven) is in Spanish but its lyrics are in Catalan: Allà dins es canal / En es peu da sa muntanya. The other song that has Catalan words is "Between Generations". Both songs are co-written by Michael Cretu and Margalida Roig.

## Single track listing

* "La Puerta del Cielo (Radio Edit)" – 3:31
* "Seven Lives (Radio Edit)" – 3:46
# Spergularia macrotheca

Spergularia macrotheca is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common name sticky sandspurry. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Baja California, where it grows in many types of moist coastal and inland habitat, often in alkaline and saline substrates. It may be found in marshes, alkali flats, beaches, meadows, seeps, and vernal pools. It is a perennial herb producing a narrow stem up to 40 centimeters long with a woody, thickened base and taproot. They may grow erect or prostrate across the ground. It is covered in sticky glandular hairs, especially in the inflorescence. The stems are lined with fleshy linear leaves, sometimes tipped with spines. The leaves are accompanied by triangular stipules up to a centimeter long each. Flowers occur in clusters at the end of the stem as well as in leaf axils. The small flowers have five pointed sepals and five oval white to lavender-pink petals. The fruit is a capsule containing tiny reddish brown, winged seeds.
# Sporting de Gijón C

Real Sporting de Gijón "C" is a Spanish football club based in Gijón, in the autonomous community of Asturias. They are the second reserve team of Sporting de Gijón, and play in the Primera Asturfútbol.

## History
### Sporting Promesas (1975–1981)

The first time Real Sporting had a second reserve team was under the name of Sporting de Gijón Promesas. It was founded in 1975 and competed until 1981 achieving two promotions in its two first seasons.

### Sporting C (2023–present)

On 25 July 2023, Real Sporting created again the second reserve team by absorbing local club Racing de La Guía, that achieved in that season promotion to Regional Preferente, today called Primera Asturfútbol.
In its first season, the club achieved promotion to Tercera Federación and later ended the season as champion of the Primera Asturfútbol. However, it finally did not promote due to Sporting Atlético, first reserve team, failed to promote to Segunda Federación.

## Season to season
### Sporting Promesas

| Season | Tier | Division | Place |
| 1975–76 | 6 | 2ª Reg. | 2nd |
| 1976–77 | 5 | 1ª Reg. | 2nd |
| 1977–78 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 9th |
| 1978–79 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 10th |
| 1979–80 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 2nd |
| 1980–81 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 5th |
Source:

### Sporting C

| Season | Tier | Division | Place |
| 2023–24 | 6 | 1ª Ast. | 1st |
| 2024–25 | 6 | 1ª Ast. | |
# Richard Hewet

Richard Hewet (by 1463 – 1519), of Exeter, Devon, was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Exeter in 1512 and 1515. He was mayor of Exeter in 1506–7 and 1513–14.
# Gross ton mile

Gross ton mile (GTM), or its related units gross tonne–kilometre and thousand gross tonne mile (kgtm) are units of measurement commonly used in rail transportation. Gross ton kilometre is the product of total weight (including the weight of lading cars and locomotives) and the distance moved by a train.
# Leavesden Hospital

Leavesden Mental Hospital was a mental health facility at Leavesden on the outskirts of Abbots Langley in Hertfordshire.

## History

The facility was commissioned by the Metropolitan Asylums Board and designed by John Giles. It opened as the Metropolitan Asylum for Chronic Imbeciles in 1870. At the same time the St Pancras Union Workhouse established an Industrial School across the road. Both institutions were initially under the chairmanship of William Henry Wyatt. In the 1880s two cemeteries were built on East Lane for patients who had died in the hospital; one remains accessible, but the other has been left to become wooded. A nurses' home was added to the asylum in 1904.
The Jack the Ripper suspect Aaron Kosminski was admitted to Leavesden Asylum on 19 April 1894. Case notes indicate that Kosminski had been ill since at least 1885. His insanity took the form of auditory hallucinations, a paranoid fear of being fed by other people that drove him to pick up and eat food dropped as litter, and a refusal to wash or bathe.
The asylum was renamed the Leavesden Mental Hospital in 1920. London County Council took administrative control of the facility in 1930 and the former St Pancras Industrial School was taken over as an annexe for chronic cases in 1931. It became Leavesden Hospital in 1937.
After the introduction of Care in the Community in the 1980s the hospital reduced in size and closed in 1997. The hospital has since been converted into a private housing estate, Leavesden Court. The development consists mainly of residential apartments, with the charity "Demand" (Design and manufacture for Disability) operating from the building previously used as the on-site chapel.