OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Little Joe 1

Little Joe 1 (LJ-1) was a failed launch of a Little Joe by NASA, a solid fuel rocket that was designed for a Max Q abort and launch escape system test for the Mercury capsule. The objective was to determine how well the escape rocket would function under the most severe dynamic loading conditions anticipated during a Mercury-Atlas launching.
The vehicle was 15 m (49 ft) in height, weighed approximately 20,000 kg (44,000 lb), and was 2 m (79 in) in diameter with a fin span of 6.5 m (21 ft). The Little Joe booster consisted of four Pollux and four Recruit clustered, solid-fuel rockets, could develop a thrust of 250,000 lbf (1,100 kN), and could lift a maximum payload of 3,942 lb (1,788 kg). The escape system, using a Grand Central 1KS52000 rocket motor, weighed 460 kg (1,010 lb).
On 21 August 1959, LJ-1 was being prepared for launch from the Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, Virginia. At 35 minutes before launch, evacuation of the area had been proceeding on schedule and the batteries for the programmer and destruct system in the test booster were being charged. Suddenly, half an hour before launch time, an explosive flash occurred. When the smoke cleared it was evident that only the capsule-and-tower combination had been launched, on a trajectory similar to an off-the-pad abort. The booster and adapter-clamp ring remained intact on the launcher. Near apogee, at about 610 m, the clamping ring that held tower to capsule released and the little pyro-rocket for jettisoning the tower fired. The flight time was 20 seconds.
The accident report for LJ-1, issued 18 September 1959, blamed the premature firing of the Grand Central escape rocket on an electrical leak, or what missile engineers call transients or ghost voltages in a relay circuit. The fault was found in a coil designed to protect biological specimens from too rapid an abort.
According to the 18 September 1959 accident report, the unexpected triggering of the launch escape system was caused by a transient or electrical leak; analysis showed it to be due to the rapid-abort system being wired directly into the destruct arming busbar. The batteries were shipped from England to the U.S. uncharged and shorted; on charging at the pad, the batteries, when enough charge was reached, actuated the sequencer for the abort system, and sensing insufficient altitude, fired the squibs in the abort motor. Insufficient power in the batteries then failed to initiate the tower jettison motor and capsule parachute recovery charge, and both crashed into the sea.

## Notes and References

* ↑ "Project Mercury unmanned Missions: LJ-1". Archived from the original on 2012-05-27. Retrieved 2020-01-14.
* ↑ "Project Mercury unmanned Missions: LJ-1". Archived from the original on 2012-05-27. Retrieved 2020-01-14.
* ↑ Reference NASA SP-4201 p. 208
* ↑ Shortal, Joseph Adams (December 1978). "A New Dimension. Wallops Island Flight Test Range: The First Fifteen Years" (PDF). NASA Reference Publication (1028): 199. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
# Görväln House

Görväln House (Swedish pronunciation:; Görvälns Slott) is a manor house at Järfälla Municipality in Stockholm County, Sweden. Görväln House is located at Görväln, a bay of lake Mälaren. The manor is now owned by Järfälla Municipality and since 2008 has been used as a hotel and restaurant.

## History

Görväln House is documented from the 1460s, when it was two farms, owned by the Archdiocese of Uppsala. After the Protestant Reformation in 1520, Görväln became a Crown Property (kronohemman), owned by King John III of Sweden until 1571, when Johan III gave it to the Italian nobleman Antonius de Palma and his family. From 1605–61 Görvälns was owned by the Swedish noble family Bjelke. During the Bjelke era the main building was lower on the connector than presently. During Count Adolph John I's years as owner, a new main building was built. Görväln House was the location for the 2011 season of the SVT show Stjärnorna på slottet.
# Lilium chalcedonicum

Lilium chalcedonicum is a European species of Liriotypus lily, native to Tuscany, Greece and Albania.

## Classification

The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 on Mount Chalcedon in Thessaly, under its current name. Ιn addition to the genus of the same name, the varieties Lilium chalcedonicum var. maculatum, which bore denser flowers, and Lilium chalcedonicum var. heldreichii, which always produces only one flower, with base leaves wider and upper leaves very small, were named. However, these two varieties are no longer recognized.
This species hybridizes with Lilium candidum, creating Lilium x testaceum.

## Characteristics and appearance

It is a perennial, herbaceous plant, which can usually reach a height of 35-70 centimeters, but in some cases it can reach up to 1.5 meters. The bulb is yellowish-white and wide. The stem is green and covered entirely by lanceolate-serrate leaves, slightly twisted. The lower leaves are horizontal, 5–15 cm long and 4–8 cm wide. The upper ones are smaller, rather upright, and cover the stem.
The flowers are red, up to 10 cm long, borne all together at the top of the stem. They can be from 1 to 6 in number, but as many as 12 when cultivated in good, humus-rich soil in somewhat damp, shady places. They face downwards and the petals turn backwards. They bear a heavy scent, with orange pollen and stamens that protrude from the perianth. The flowers appear rather late, usually July.

## Distribution and habitat

It is native to the Balkans but it can also be found in Tuscany. In the Balkans, it spreads from southern Albania across much of mainland Greece, as well as on the islands of the Ionian Sea and Aegean Sea. It thrives in cool areas, mainly in glades of deciduous and boxwood forests of mountainous regions as well as meadows on calcareous, rocky soils at an altitude of 600–1700 meters.
This species highly resents being moved, probably the main reason it is rarely seen in commerce.

## Culture and symbolism

Its earliest known depiction is in a Minoan fresco dating back 3,500 years to the Bronze Age, discovered on the Aegean coast on the island of Santorini, which was buried by a volcano with the Minoan eruption.
Because of its striking appearance it has been cultivated since at least the 16th century. It was supposedly introduced to Europe by Master Harbran from Istanbul in 1597. Due to its resemblance to a turban, it is sometimes referred to as the Turk, however it should not be confused with the similar North American lily Lilium superbum.
In the Victorian language of flowers, lilies portray love, ardor, and affection for your loved ones, while orange lilies stand for happiness, love, and warmth.
# Glory (ship)

Several vessels have been named Glory:
* Glory was launched in Bermuda in 1801. The French captured her and she became the privateer Morne Fortunee that the Royal Navy captured and took into service in 1803 as HMS Morne Fortunee. She was wrecked in 1804.
* Glory (1802 ship) was an East Indiaman launched in 1802. She made two complete voyages as an "extra ship" for the British East India Company (EIC) before she disappeared in November 1808 while homeward bound from her third voyage. On her second voyage she participated in the British expedition to capture the Cape of Good Hope.
* Glory (1811 ship) was launched in Quebec in 1811. She sailed to London in 1812, and was registered there. In 1817 she made a voyage to Bengal, sailing under a licence from the British East India Company (EIC). A voyage transporting convicts to New South Wales followed. She then returned to general trading and was last listed in 1824.
# Stylidium longissimum

Stylidium longissimum is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium (family Stylidiaceae). The specific epithet is from the Latin longissimus, which means "very long" and refers to this species' long capsules that can be up to 15 mm long excluding the sepals. The capsules may be the longest in the genus.
S. longissimum is an annual plant that grows from 16 to 30 cm tall. Elliptical leaves, about 4-14 per plant, are scattered along the elongate, glabrous stem. The leaves are generally 3.5-9.5 mm long and 1.8–5 mm wide. Petioles are nearly absent at 0–0.5 mm long and scapes are completely absent. Inflorescences are 5–20 cm long and produce pink or mauve flowers that bloom in June in the southern hemisphere. S. longissimum is endemic to the Cape Melville area of Cape York Peninsula in northern Queensland. The populations of S. longissimum inhabit an area of less than 30 km$^2$ and the actual coverage is much less than that, which is why A.R. Bean recommended a conservation status of vulnerable when he described this species in 2000.
Its habitat is recorded as being sandy soils in Melaleuca viridiflora woodlands. S. longissimum is most closely related to S. inconspicuum.
# Incompressible string

An incompressible string is a string with Kolmogorov complexity equal to its length, so that it has no shorter encodings. The pigeonhole principle can be used to be prove that for any lossless compression algorithm, there must exist many incompressible strings.

## Example

Suppose we have the string 12349999123499991234, and we are using a compression method that works by putting a special character into the string (say @) followed by a value that points to an entry in a lookup table (or dictionary) of repeating values. Let us imagine we have an algorithm that examines the string in 4 character chunks. Looking at our string, our algorithm might pick out the values 1234 and 9999 to place into its dictionary. Let us say that 1234 is entry 0 and 9999 is entry 1. Now the string can become:
This string is much shorter, although storing the dictionary itself will cost some space. However, the more repeats there are in the string, the better the compression will be.
Our algorithm can do better though, if it can view the string in chunks larger than 4 characters. Then it can put 12349999 and 1234 into the dictionary, giving us:
This string is even shorter. Now consider another string:
This string is incompressible by our algorithm. The only repeats that occur are 88 and 99. If we were to store 88 and 99 in our dictionary, we would produce:
This is just as long as the original string, because our placeholders for items in the dictionary are 2 characters long, and the items they replace are the same length. Hence, this string is incompressible by our algorithm.
# Sir Edward Hoare, 2nd Baronet

Sir Edward Hoare, 2nd Baronet (14 March 1745 – 30 April 1814) was an Anglo-Irish politician.
He was the son of Sir Joseph Hoare, 1st Baronet and Catherine Somerville and was commissioned as an officer in the service of the 13th Light Dragoons, eventually attaining the rank of captain.
He was elected to the Irish House of Commons as the Member of Parliament for Carlow, sitting between 1768 and 1776. He was later elected MP for Banagher in 1790, sitting until 1798, and was again elected for the same constituency later in the year, sitting until 1800.
He succeeded to his father's baronetcy on 24 December 1801. He married Clotilda Wallis, the daughter of William Wallis, on 14 September 1771 and together they had three children.
# Like an Open Door

"Like an Open Door" is a song written by Sheila Young and performed by The Fuzz. It reached #14 on the U.S. R&B chart and #77 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1971. The song was featured on their 1971 album, The Fuzz.
The song was produced by Carr-Cee Productions.
# Hellfire Pass (disambiguation)

Hellfire Pass is a railway cutting and war memorial in Thailand.
Hellfire Pass is also an alternative name for:
* Bwlch y Groes in Wales
* Halfaya Pass in Egypt
# Larry Lynn

Larry Lynn is a former Canadian cinematographer and filmmaker, most noted as a Genie Award nominee for Best Cinematography at the 23rd Genie Awards in 2003 for his work on the film Inside (Histoire de pen).
His other cinematography credits included the films Hochelaga, See Grace Fly, Amnesia: The James Brighton Enigma, Dear Mr. Gacy and Down River. In 2013, he directed the documentary film Kids in Jail.
He was married to actress Babz Chula. A number of years after her death, he left the film business and was ordained as a Roman Catholic priest.
# Leslie Jenkins

Leslie Jenkins may refer to:
* Leslie Jenkins (cricketer) (1898–1971), Welsh cricketer
* Leslie Jenkins (businessman) (1910–1978), English businessman and public official
# Faraualla

Faraualla is an Italian female vocal quartet from the region of Apulia, which explores vocal polyphony.
The group was formed in Bari in 1995 and consists of: Gabriella Schiavone, Teresa Vallarella, Marinella Dipalma, & Serena Fortebraccio.
The group also works with the percussionists Cesare Pastanella and Pippo D'Ambrosio.
The group explores the use of voice as a musical instrument, studying and incorporating sounds from a diverse group of places, times and cultures among which are: Apulia, Corsica, Bulgaria and Tahiti, which deal with the traditional music of gypsies, Moravians, Ars Nova, and Southern Italy.
Faraualla has performed with various artists of international renown, including the Mongolian Sainkho Namtchylak, the Italo-Palestinian Al Darawish, the American Bobby McFerrin, and the Italians Daniele Sepe and Lucilla Galeazzi. In Italy in 1999 they accompanied the singer Mango in a live concert. In the Visto Così Tour, transmitted directly on Videoitalia Live, they performed as a solo group.

## Discography

Faraualla recorded their first two albums under the Amiata Records record label
* Faraualla (1999)
* Tonga
* Vrlicko Kolo
* Elleipseis
* Szerelem
* Uecumbà
* Maha te song
* Spirits
* Spondo
* Questa fanciull'amor
* Petra
* Eramo in campu
* Fescenne
* Ijsse sole
* Sind (2002)
* Domina
* Arecuriuriè
* Masciare
* Sind'
* Popoff
* Ninnagè
* Orangutan
* Viktori
* Masciare witch mix
The following album was a live recording of a concert at Cappella Paolina del Qurinale, directly transmitted by RadioTre in December 2001 and published by Rai Trade:
* I concerti del Quirinale di RadioTre (2007)
* Uecumbà
* Tonga
* Ebilembilembà
* Uarandero
* Petra
* Sind'
* Arecuriuriè
* Fescenne
* Ijsse sole
* Rumelaj
* Ninnagè
* Popoff
This album was published under the Felmay label:
* Sospiro (2008)
* Ci lu patiscisti
* Il sogno di Frida
* Rikitikitavi
* Ki te mu
* La notte bianca
* Quingui
* Auanda la cuica
* Smilla
* Pulsatilla
* Il ciucciariello
* Ogni Male Fore (2013)
* Zitt Zitt
* Scongiuro
* Il Canto E La Cura
* Spina Spinella
* Sciatavinn
* Da La Vocc
* Tammurriata Della Mascìa
* La Tentazione
* Mano Manca Mano Santa
# Glory Bound

Glory Bound may refer to:
* Glory Bound, album by The Wailin' Jennys
* Glory Bound, album by The Grahams
* "Glory Bound", single by The Grass Roots from Move Along 1972
* "Glory Bound", song by Martin Sexton
# Impact calculus

In policy and public forum debates, impact calculus, also known as weighing impacts, is a type of argumentation which seeks to compare the impacts presented in both causes and effects to sway the judge's decision.

## Basic Impact Calculus

There are several basic types of impact calculus that compare the impacts of the plan to the impacts of a disadvantage:

### Probability (one impact is more realistic than the other)

    e.g. Economic collapse is more seriously realistic than an outbreak of grey goo, therefore the risk of economic collapse outweighs the probability of a grey goo disaster. Probability is really important in a debate Probability has to have some substantiated historical evidence beyond theory to move to precedence or initial risk already incurred.

### Timeframe (one impact will happen sooner)

    e.g. An asteroid impact will cause extinction before Global warming will, therefore an asteroid impact outweighs Global Warming.

### Magnitude (one impact is bigger)

    e.g. Nuclear war could kill more people instantly than car accidents cumulatively over a long period.

### Severity (one impact is more causal)

    e.g. Air pollution increasing illnesses matter more than a loss in a country's GDP because each sickness is more harmful than each loss of money. Because money is intrinsically derived from productivity that maintains or improves health, productivity is inherently much less during illnesses

## Other types of impact calculus

Some other more sophisticated arguments are also considered impact calculus:

### Impact inclusivity (one impact is inclusive of the other)

    e.g. Global war is inclusive of a Taiwan war, therefore global war outweighs Taiwan war.

### Root Cause (one impact causes the other impact to happen)

    e.g. War causes genocide, therefore war outweighs genocide

### Internal link shortcircuiting (one impact prevents a (positive) impact from happening)

    e.g. Nuclear war halts space colonization, therefore nuclear war outweighs space colonization

### Reversibility

    e.g. Civil liberties lost in the name of security during a time of crisis can be restored later, but deaths caused by a lack of security are irreversible.

### Link Strength

    e.g. Improbable double-dip recessions may be caused by enacting trade sanctions, but more solid arguments with better evidence should be considered more strongly. (This may be considered a type of Substantiability argument, where more firmly-established nontheoretic effects are more important.)
Approach arguments can also be considered impact calculus. Arguments as to why the judge should adopt a utilitarian or consequentialist perspective or conversely a deontological perspective may change the way they compare impacts.

## Impact calculus and "new" arguments

Basic impact calculus arguments may be made at any time and are generally not considered "new" arguments, even if brought up for the first time in the 2NR or 2AR. More sophisticated forms of impact calculus should generally be brought up earlier in the debate and supported by evidence whenever possible.
# Gibbula stoliczkana

Gibbula stoliczkana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 6 mm and 12 mm. The small, rather solid, umbilicate shell has an elevated conical shape. It is reddish-brown or olive-brown, flammulated above with white, the base tessellated brown and white. The spire is elevated. The about 5 whorls are slightly convex, lusterless, and spirally lirate. The lirae number about 9 on the penultimate whorl. The body whorl is high. The lip is a little deflected toward the aperture. The periphery is angular. The base of the shell is angular around the umbilical region, with about 8 concentric lirae, the outer ones often obsolete. The aperture is oblique, about half the length of the shell, somewhat triangular, brilliantly iridescent within. The white columella is arcuate, and truncate at the base. The white umbilicus is narrow. The surface is lusterless. The lirae are rather coarse, broad and flat. The lower right hand margin of the aperture is decidedly produced, and the base is usually somewhat notched or emarginate as in the European Gibbula tumida. The white flames are occasionally absent.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines and Sri Lanka.
# Faratsiho

Faratsiho is a town in Vakinankaratra Region, Madagascar. It is the capitol of the Faratsiho District. It has a population of 46,569 with 93% of farmers. Being located at an altitude of 1720m it is the highest city in Madagascar.
It is located on the RN 43 from Ambohibary - Faratsiho - Soavinandriana.
Faratsihite, a mineral had been named by the town.

## Rivers

3 rivers cross the municipality of Faratsiho: Kitsamby, Sahomby and the Mahasetroka river.

## Nature

* Faratsiho Natural Park
# Francois Cousin House

Francois Cousin House may refer to:
* Francois Cousin House (Lacombe, Louisiana), on Main Street, listed on the NRHP in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana
* Francois Cousin House (Slidell, Louisiana), on Gwin Road, listed on the NRHP in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana
# Francois Cousin House (Lacombe, Louisiana)

The Francois Cousin House at 28061 Main St., Lacombe, Louisiana that appears to have been built in c.1790. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.
It is a one-and-one-half-story French Creole cottage on the west bank of Liberty Bayou. It was expanded at the rear in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century.
# Farishta (1984 film)

Farishta is a 1984 Indian Hindi-language film directed & produced by Sunil Sikand. The film stars Bharat Bhushan, Pran, Danny Denzongpa and Ashok Kumar in pivotal roles. R.D.Burman composed the music for the film.

## Cast

* Kanwaljit
* Smita Patil
* Pran
* Ashok Kumar
* Bharat Bhushan
* Danny Denzongpa
# Goldbeck

Goldbeck is a municipality in the district of Stendal, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. In January 2009 it absorbed the former municipality Bertkow.
Goldbeck has a railway station on the Magdeburg-Wittenberge railway, a modern administration building, a church and various shops.
* Village centre
* Administration building
* Goldbeck church 2024
# Farmington Township, Walsh County, North Dakota

Farmington Township is a township in Walsh County, North Dakota, United States. 55.4% (98) of the population are male, and the other 44.6% (79) are female.
# Miahuatlán District

Miahuatlán District is located in the south of the Sierra Sur Region of the State of Oaxaca, Mexico.

## Municipalities

The district includes the following municipalities:
* Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz
* Monjas
* San Andrés Paxtlán
* San Cristóbal Amatlán
* San Francisco Logueche
* San Francisco Ozolotepec
* San Ildefonso Amatlán
* San Jerónimo Coatlán
* San José del Peñasco
* San José Lachiguiri
* San Juan Mixtepec, Miahuatlán
* San Juan Ozolotepec
* San Luis Amatlán
* San Marcial Ozolotepec
* San Mateo Río Hondo
* San Miguel Coatlán
* San Miguel Suchixtepec
* San Nicolás
* San Pablo Coatlán
* San Pedro Mixtepec, Miahuatlán
* San Sebastián Coatlán
* San Sebastián Río Hondo
* San Simón Almolongas
* Santa Ana
* Santa Catarina Cuixtla
* Santa Cruz Xitla
* Santa Lucía Miahuatlán
* Santa María Ozolotepec
* Santiago Xanica
* Santo Domingo Ozolotepec
* Santo Tomás Tamazulapan
* Sitio de Xitlapehua