OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aundre Bumgardner

Aundré Bumgardner (born July 5, 1994) is an American politician, a Democrat and formerly a member of the Republican party.

## Family and early life

His father is African American and his mother is from Puerto Rico.

## Political career
### Connecticut House of Representatives

Aundré served as a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives, as a Republican, representing Connecticut's 41st assembly district in the General Assembly. Bumgardner was first elected in 2014 and was defeated in 2016. He was the youngest ever person elected to the House at the age of 20. Aundré was re-elected to the 41st district seat as a Democrat in 2022 defeating Republican Robert Boris in a landslide victory. His predecessor Joe de la Cruz had not sought reelection citing an inability to continue with the job for the salary offered to lawmakers.
On March 2nd, 2025, Bumgardner was arrested and charged with driving under the influence. He was subsequently suspended from leadership and committee assignments.

### Groton Town Council

In 2018, Bumgardner was appointed to a vacant seat on the Groton Town Council.
In 2019, Bumgardner was re-elected to the Groton Town Council.

### Party switch

In 2018 Bumgardner announced that he was leaving the Republican Party after the Unite the Right Rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. He said that “It wasn’t even so much the words President Trump used, but more so the inaction coming from the Republican Party, not just at the national level, but to a certain extent the state and local level. Silence is absolute complicity.” As of 2018 he was working as the campaign treasurer for the man who unseated him, Rep. Joe de la Cruz, while completing his college education. Bumgardner is a member of the Democratic Town Committee of Groton.
# Joaquín Vicuña

José Joaquín Vicuña Larraín (Spanish pronunciation:; 1786–1857) was a Chilean politician whose selection as Vice President of Chile by Congress precipitated the Chilean Civil War of 1829. He was of Basque descent.
Vicuña was from a powerful family; of his brothers, Francisco Ramón Vicuña was an influential politician, and Manuel Vicuña was Archbishop of Santiago. He is primarily known for his role in the presidential election of 1829. He ran for president, finishing fourth; but rather than appointing the runner-up (or even second runner-up) as vice president, the Congress controlled by his brother's party appointed Joaquín, precipitating a civil war.
He founded the town of Vicuña in 1821.
# Tein Troost

Tein Cornelis Johannes Troost (born 15 January 2002) is a Dutch footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Cork City, on loan from NAC Breda.

## Career

From Breda, Troost joined the academy at NAC Breda as a ten-year-old. He joined Feyenoord in 2018. The following year, as a seventeen-year-old he signed a first professional contract with the club, agreeing to a two-and-a-half-year deal. He spent five years in the Feyenoord academy, before rejoining NAC Breda in the summer of 2023. He made his senior debut for NAC Breda on 22 September 2023, against FC Emmen in the Eerste Divisie.
On 7 December 2024, it was announced that Troost would join newly promoted League of Ireland Premier Division club Cork City on loan until July 2025.

## International career

Troost has represented the Dutch under-17 side.
# Garner Field

Garner Field (IATA: UVA, ICAO: KUVA, FAA LID: UVA) is an airport in Uvalde County, Texas, three miles east of the city of Uvalde, which owns it. It is named for John Nance Garner, 32nd Vice President of the United States.

## History

Opened in October 1941 with three 6,000 ft hard surfaced runways, (00/18; 04/27; 15/33). Began training United States Army Air Corps flying cadets under contract to Hangar Six Corp with 305th Flying Training Detachment (Contract Pilot School). Assigned to Gulf Coast Training Center (later Central Flying Training Command) as a primary (level 1) pilot training airfield. Hangar Six, Inc. conducted pilot training. Airfield had four local auxiliary airfields for emergency and overflow landings. Flying training used Fairchild PT-19s as the primary trainer. Also had several PT-17 Stearmans and a few P-40 Warhawks.
Inactivated on 30 June 1945 with the drawdown of AAFTC's pilot training program. Declared surplus and turned over to the Army Corps of Engineers on 30 September 1945. Eventually discharged to the War Assets Administration (WAA) and became a civil airport. Little of the wartime airfield still exists, as most of the airfield has been rebuilt as Southwest Texas Junior College.

## Airlines

* Trans-Texas Airways DC-3s landed at Uvalde from 1948 to 1954.
* Uvalde Aero Service ran, from 1965 until 1977, scheduled commuter services to other cities in Texas, and an air-mail route to San Antonio. The airline operated Lockheed L-12 Electra Junior, Piper Navajo and Piper Twin Comanche

## Facilities

Garner Field covers 356 acres (144 ha) at an elevation of 942 feet (287 m). Its one runway, 15/33, is 5,256 by 100 ft (1,602 x 30 m) asphalt.
In the year ending May 28, 2023, the airport had 12,565 aircraft operations, average 34 per day: 96% general aviation, 2% air taxi and 2% military. 45 aircraft were then based at the airport: 28 single-engine, 8 multi-engine, 6 jet, 1 helicopter and 2 glider.
# Siege of Bohus fortress (1676)

The Siege of Bohus fortress (Swedish: Belägringen av Bohus fästning) occurred in 1676 during the early stages of the Scanian War when Norwegian general Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve invaded Bohuslän and besieged Bohus fortress, retreating on 16 September after supplies dwindled and the Swedish commander in the fortress refused to surrender.

## Background

On 8 June 1676, Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve along with Jens Juel and the general's Henrik Rysensteen and Hans Løwenhielm invaded Western Sweden with an army of 4,000 men and 12 cannons. After crossing the border, he defeated a Swedish force of 1,600 men at Kvistrum bridge under the command of Hans Georg Mörner. He would then go to Uddevalla, capturing it on 17 June with only 14 losses and later captured Vänersborg on 26 June. In July, he led his remaining 3,800 men towards Gothenburg to blockade it from land and sea, but this was blocked by a Swedish squadron under Admiral-Lieutenant Siöblad, and without the ability to move artillery by sea, Gyldenløve concluded that he could not capture Gothenburg.
In mid-August, Gyldenløve decided to besiege Bohus which had a garrison of 1,400 men. He had brought a number of siege artillery overland. Bohus was commanded by Colonel Børge Drackenberg and Harald Stake, who was also the governor of Bohuslän.

### Prelude

Initially, Stake tried preventing the Norwegian advance at Angegårde, and despite being successful at first, he retreated as the Norwegian force threatened his flank, burning bridges and destroying the road during his retreat. On 12 August, he burned Kungälv, which was situated below Bohus fortress.

## Siege

Soon, Gyldenløve besieged the fortress, and after capturing a bastion he established an artillery battery in it on 24 August. He then sent a letter to Stake requesting his capitulation, with the response being filled with a graphic description how Stake had used Gyldenløve's letter to wipe his behind. Additionally, he received a report that a Swedish relief force of 20,000 men was approaching under the command of Magnus De la Gardie. He was also informed that Jacob Duncan had been defeated at Halmstad and that Charles XI was advancing from there. Gyldenløve also lacked supplies, especially since Stake had razed what was locally available before withdrawing into Bohus. On 16 September, Gyldenløve abandoned the siege after being informed that the Danish council would not be able to send him help for the winter.

## Aftermath

After retreating, Gyldenløve went to Uddevalla, and then to Vetterlandsbro and later crossed the Svinesund into Norway. He ordered Rysensteen to abandon Vänersborg and the fortifications there were destroyed. Nearby Swedish troops attempted in vain to stop the destruction of these.
# Ahmet Ataýew

Ahmet Didarovich Atayev or Ahmet Didarowiç Ataýew (Turkmen Cyrillic: Ахмет Дидарович Атаев; Russian: Ахмед Дидарович Атаев, romanized: Akhmed Didarovich Atayev; born 19 September 1990) is a Turkmen professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Ýokary Liga club FK Arkadag and the Turkmenistan national team.

## Club career

He started playing football at 6 years old. His first coach was Atamyrat Jumamuradov, in Youth sport school of Bagyr (Ahal Region).
He began his professional career in Ashgabat; from 2007 to 2010 he played for FC Talyp Sporty.
The first half of the 2011 season was held in FC Aşgabat. The second part of the 2011 season, he played for FC HTTU, which included winning the Cup of Turkmenistan for the first time. In 2013, he became the first champion 2013 Ýokary Liga.
Since 2014, Ataýew has played for Altyn Asyr FK. As part of the team, he won the title of champion of Turkmenistan in 2014 and 2015, the 2015 Turkmenistan Cup, and the 2015 Turkmenistan Super Cup. At the end of the 2015 season, Ataýew was voted the best player of 2015 Ýokary Liga.
From August 2017, he began performing in Indonesia's Super League for the Arema, which included 25 games and scored 3 goals. In June 2018 moved to the new Indonesian club Persela, which he played for until the end of the 2018 year.
On 15 May 2019, Ataýew signed by Malaysian Premier League club Sabah FA as one of two imports to fill their vacant player slots. Ataýew became part of the team squad that emerged as the champion of 2019 Malaysia Premier League since the team last lifted their old first division title back in 1996, subsequently qualifying them into the 2020 Malaysia Super League. In the team match against Kelantan FA, Ataýew notably scored the winning goal from a ball given by his teammate through corner kick in the 58th minute.

## International career

He played for the Olympic team of Turkmenistan in the Asian Football Confederation's Pre-Olympic Tournament.
Ataýew made his senior national team debut on 27 January 2012, in an friendly match against Romania. The captain of the national team from 2015.

### International goals

    Scores and results list Turkmenistan's goal tally first.
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 9 January 2019 | Al Nahyan Stadium, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | Japan | 2–3 | 2–3 | 2019 AFC Asian Cup |

## Honors

Altyn Asyr
* Ýokary Liga: 2014, 2015
* Turkmenistan Cup: 2015
* Turkmenistan Super Cup: 2015
HTTU
* Ýokary Liga: 2013
* Turkmenistan Cup: 2011
Sabah
* Malaysia Premier League: 2019
Turkmenistan
* AFC Challenge Cup runner-up: 2012
Individual
* Best player of Ýokary Liga: 2015
# Llywel

Llywel (Welsh pronunciation) is a small village and community located on the A40, about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Sennybridge in Powys, Wales. The Afon Gwydderig runs through the village, not far from its source. The main settlement in the community is Trecastle. According to the 2001 Census the population of the Llywel community is 524, falling to 497 in the 2011 Census. The village was historically in Brecknockshire.

## Etymology

Llywel, occasionally referred to in texts as Llowel, is believed to be the name of a minor Welsh Saint. He is said to have been a disciple of Saint Teilo and Saint Dyfrig.

## Church of St David

The Church of Saint David (Welsh: Eglwys Dewi Sant) in Llywel is said to have been dedicated to three saints: David, Padarn (Paternus), and Teilo; and known as Llantrisant. Its name was changed when it was granted to the Chapter of Saint David sometime between 1203 and 1229 It is a Grade I listed building.
The church displays Perpendicular Gothic architecture. The grave of the writer and preacher David Owen (Brutus) is in the churchyard. As well as holding a copy of the famous Llywel Stone, the Church holds the original Aberhydfer stone and old village stocks.

## Llywel Stone

An Ogham stone named the Llywel Stone—because it was brought to the attention of the British Museum by the local vicar—, Lewis Price, was found at Pentre Poeth Farm. (Pentre Poeth farm no longer exists. It was in the region close to Cwm-cynwal and Pant y cadno just off the road from Bwysfa fawr near Trecastle on the way to Belfont farm Crai. There now is a large water tank on the place where the farm stood, which now is on Tircapel (Ty'r capel) farm ground. Tirchapel farm is believed to be named after an ancient chapel, Capel Illud, and it may be that the Llywel stone originally stood at the chapel site. The site is along the Roman road from Caerleon to Carmarthen, the Via Julia Montana). In 1878, the Llywel stone was acquired by the British Museum and it is on display there. The inscription on the stone is 'MACCVTRENI + SALICIDVNI'. A National Park booklet provides a drawing of the Llywel Stone and states that copies reside with Llywel Church and the Y Gaer cultural hub in Brecon.

## Localities

* Bishops Town
# Manuel Vázquez Portal

Manuel Vázquez Portal (born 1951 in Morón, Ciego de Ávila province, Cuba) is a Cuban poet, writer and journalist known for his 2003 imprisonment.

## Background

Vázquez Portal received a degree in philology from Villa Clara University. Prior to his imprisonment, he worked a variety of jobs, including teaching high school, reporting for state-owned media, and advising at the Ministry of Culture. During his tenure with government media, Vázquez Portal received three official prizes, but in 1995, he was expelled by the National Union of Writers and Artists of Cuba (UNEAC) for expressing dissident opinions. In the same year, he co-founded the independent Cuba Press. He founded another independent news agency, Grupo de Trabajo Decoro, in 1998, working there for the following five years. Among his articles were various criticisms of the national economy and electoral system.
Vázquez Portal is married to Yolanda Huerga, with whom he has a son, Gabriel.

## Incarceration

In March 2003, the Cuban government launched a general crackdown (later called the "Black Spring") on dissidents, including a number of journalists. Seventy-five people were ultimately arrested, including Vázquez Portal. On 4 April 2004, he was sentenced to 18 years in prison for "endangering Cuba's independence" through his articles and his meetings with US officials.
Vázquez Portal's imprisonment was condemned by several human rights organizations, including Amnesty International, which designated him a prisoner of conscience, and Reporters Without Borders. In late 2003, the Committee to Protect Journalists awarded him its International Press Freedom Award, which recognizes journalists who show courage in defending press freedom despite facing attacks, threats, or imprisonment. Vázquez Portal was unable to attend the ceremony due to his imprisonment.
During his incarceration, Vázquez Portal kept a makeshift diary on sheets of blank paper brought by his family. In June 2003, his wife Huerga smuggled the diary from the prison and shared photocopies with the Associated Press. The diary told of poor conditions, including miserable food, constant mosquitoes and flies, and rat infestations in the cells. Huerga also helped found the Ladies in White, a protest group composed of the wives of imprisoned dissidents.
In August 2003, Vázquez Portal reportedly joined several other prisoners in a hunger strike, following which the group was split up and transferred to different prisons. He began to suffer from pulmonary emphysema and was released for medical reasons in June 2004. He subsequently emigrated to the US with his family, settling in Miami, Florida, where Huerga continued to be active in anti-Castro protests.
# Karolin, Gmina Garbów

Karolin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Garbów, within Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Garbów and 19 km (12 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin.
# Yosemite bowline

A Yosemite bowline is a loop knot often perceived as having better security than a bowline. If the knot is not dressed correctly, it can potentially collapse into a noose, however testing reveals this alternative configuration to be strong and safe as a climbing tie-in.
A Yosemite bowline is made from a bowline with the free end wrapped around one leg of the loop and tucked back through the knot, a final round turn and reeve commonly known as a "Yosemite finish." The knot's security is enhanced by preventing the bowline capsizing to form a highly dangerous slip knot. Additional safety is achieved by tying with a tail (see below). When finished, the working end forms a figure eight.
Because of the danger of incorrectly dressing the Yosemite bowline and capsizing it even before it is set, it may be safer and less error-prone to use a standard or double bowline with a backup stopper knot added to the tail, such as a double overhand knot tied around the loop.
The Yosemite finish can be applied to other bowline variants, such as the double bowline.
While the knot's versatility suggests it as a convenient tie-in for attaching a climbing rope to a climber's harness, the figure-of-eight follow through is the most common choice because it is more widely known and more easily checked. The Mountaineering Handbook is one of the few texts that suggest that the Yosemite bowline is better for this purpose. Suggested benefits of the bowline include being easier to untie after loading or when wet and frozen, and being possible to tie-in with only one hand. Testing found it a strong knot for the purpose.
It is recommended that any knot which is used to attach a rope to a safety harness is always finished with a stopper knot. A stopper knot, while serving to keep the loose end tidy, will only help to prevent failure of the primary knot, and does not act as a secondary safety knot by itself. It is sometimes said that if enough of a tail is left to tie a stopper knot, the stopper becomes unnecessary. The tail should be a minimum of 10cm but depends on the thickness of the rope.
# Caleb R. Ayer House

The Caleb R. Ayer House (also known as the Ayer-Swasey House) is an historic house at 7 Main Street in Cornish, Maine, United States. The house is architecturally distinctive, with a high-style Greek Revival main block, built c. 1855, attached to an older (c. 1830) heavily altered Cape, which connects it to a period barn. The house is also historically significant as the home of Caleb Ayer, a Maine politician who served in the Maine Senate from 1847 to 1848 and as Secretary of State of Maine in 1856. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 12, 2002.

## Description and history

The house is set on the south side of Main Street (SR 5/SR 25) in the main village of Cornish, just east of its junction with Fiddle Lane. It is a long structure whose main axis is oriented north–south, and is divided into three distinct sections, all of whose main facades face east. The northernmost section is a 2-1/2 rectangular Greek Revival structure with a side-gable roof, and a single-story flat-roof porch extending across its three-bay front. Its corners have broad pilasters, with a double-width frieze encircling the block below the roof. To the south of this block is a 1+1⁄2-story Cape style extension, which is the oldest portion of the house. It is seven bays wide, with a pair of gable-roof dormers projecting from its main facade, and has a projecting gable-roofed vestibule providing a secondary entrance. At the southernmost end of the structure is a barn, whose gable roof is oriented perpendicular to the roofs of the other two sections. The interiors of the front and central blocks both reflect high-style Greek Revival design.
The central Cape portion of the house was probably built by Edward Boynton, sometime between his purchase of the land in the early 1830s, and its sale to Caleb Ayer in 1852. Although building records are sketchy, it is probably that Ayer built the front section soon afterward, including applying Greek Revival styling to the Cape portion. The house was sold in 1886 by Ayer's widow to her son-in-law, Dr. William Swasey. Ayer was a prominent lawyer who moved to Cornish after marrying a local woman; he served in the state senate and as the state secretary in 1856. Swasey practiced from the house for many years, using what is now a modern kitchen as his office.
# Stratus (Serbian band)

Stratus (Serbian Cyrillic: Стратус) is a Serbian hard rock and heavy metal band.

## Band history

The band was formed in 2002 by guitarists Darko Konstantinoviċ and Saša Jankoviċ. A former Osvajači vocalist Nenad Jovanović joined the band in 2003. With Goran Pešić (bass guitar), Goran Nikolić (drums) and Aleksandar Ljubisavljević (keyboard), they released their self-titled debut album Stratus in March 2005.
In 2008, Nenad Vukeliċ (bass guitar), Sale Stojković (drums) and Slaviša Malenoviċ (keyboards) became the band's new members. In 2008, the band released their second studio album Equilibrium.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Stratus (2005)
* Equilibrium? (2008)
# Karp, Lublin Voivodeship

Karp is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sitno, within Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.
# Sean Clark (footballer, born 1980)

Sean Clark (born 10 December 1980) is a Scottish former footballer who played as a defender for Albion Rovers and Livingston.

## Career
### Albion Rovers and Livingston

Clark began his career at Albion Rovers and made one appearance before signing for Livingston in 1999. His time at the Almondvale Stadium was just one season long, where he made 2 appearances. One of those appearances was in a 2–0 win against Airdrieonians on 6 May 2000. He assisted David Bingham who scored the opening goal.

### Montrose and return to Albion Rovers

The defender struggled to break into a Livingston first team which was bolstered with seasoned pro's such as Brian McPhee, David Bingham and John Robertson. He had a short loan spell at Montrose where he made 8 appearances during the remainder of the 1999–2000 season.
In 2000, Clark was brought back to his first club Albion Rovers by then manager John McVeigh. He made 22 appearances during his second spell for the Wee Rovers and left the club at the end of the 2000–2001 season.

### Cumnock Juniors

Clark moved into the junior leagues and signed for Cumnock Juniors in 2001.
# Rasul Çaryýew

Rasul Maksatowiç Çaryýew (born on 30 September 1999) is a Turkmen professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for FK Arkadag and the Turkmenistan national team.

## International career

Çaryýew debuted internationally on 5 June 2021, against South Korea in a 5–0 defeat.
# John Manners (American politician)

John Manners (April 8, 1786 – June 24, 1853) was an American physician, lawyer, and politician who served as President of the New Jersey Senate.

## Biography

Manners was born in 1786 in the now-defunct municipality of Amwell Township, Hunterdon County, New Jersey to John and Rachel (Stout) Manners. He went to Philadelphia to read medicine with Benjamin Rush and Thomas Cooper, graduating from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in 1812. He received an honorary Master of Arts degree from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) in 1816. He returned to Hunterdon County to practice medicine, residing in Flemington and later settling in Clinton Township.
Manners read law with James Madison Porter of Easton, Pennsylvania and was licensed to practice law in the highest courts. He represented Hunterdon County in the New Jersey Senate from 1850 to 1852, serving as Senate President in 1852.
Manners died in Clinton in 1853 from "affection of the heart." He was interred at Mercer Cemetery in Trenton.

## Family

Manners married Eliza Cooper (1790–1840), the daughter of Thomas Cooper, in Philadelphia on August 2, 1810. He was the first cousin of David Stout Manners and the first cousin thrice removed of Horace Griggs Prall.