# Osceola County, Florida

Osceola County (/ˌɒsiˈoʊlə/ OSS-ee-OH-lə) is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 388,656. Its county seat is Kissimmee. Osceola County is included in the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Fla. Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Being 54.3% Hispanic, Osceola is one of three Hispanic-majority counties in Florida, owing to its large Puerto Rican American population. It also is the 12th-largest majority-Hispanic county in the nation.

## Etymology

Osceola County is named for the Native American leader Osceola, whose name means "Black Drink Cry [Asi Yaholo]".

## History

Osceola County was created in 1887. On July 21, 1821, Florida was divided into two counties, named Escambia County to the west and St. John's County to the east. In 1824, the southern part of St. John's County became Mosquito County, with Enterprise as the county seat. In 1844, Brevard County was carved out from Mosquito County. When Florida became a state in 1845, Mosquito County was renamed Orange County. On May 12, 1887, Osceola was named a county, having been created from both Orange and Brevard Counties. Osceola County reached all the way down to Lake Okeechobee until 1917 when Okeechobee County was formed.
Since the late 20th century, Osceola County has experienced a significant influx of migrants from the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the unincorporated territory of the United States, and in the 2000 U.S. Census Puerto Rican was the largest self-reported ancestry group.

## Government

Osceola County is a charter county, and a subdivision within the State of Florida. Voters approved the County Charter in March 1992, and it took effect on October 1, 1992. The structure of County government under the charter does not depart dramatically from the structure of a County government outlined in the Florida Statutes.
Osceola County Government is governed by three sets of elected officials, each of which independently directs separate branches of County Government. These include: the five-member County Commission, five separate Constitutional Officers, and a number of Judicial Officers. Under State law, the County Commission is responsible for funding the budgets of all Osceola County Government, including the independently elected Constitutional Officers and Judicial Officers, as well as the Commission's own departments. Each independent officer has discretion to administer his or her own programs. The County Commission exercises oversight only over its own departments.
Osceola County has five electoral districts each represented by a commissioner. All the commissioners compose the Board of Commissioners that appoint a County Manager. There also is a Commission Auditor and County Attorney.

### Legislature
#### Board of County Commissioners

* District 1 – Peggy Choudhry (D)
* District 2 – Viviana Janer (D)
* District 3 – Brandon Arrington (D)
* District 4 – Cheryl Grieb (D)
* District 5 – Ricky Booth (R)

### Executive

* County Manager – Don Fisher
* Deputy County Manager - Beth Knight
* Assistant County Manager - Donna Renberg
* County Clerk, Comptroller, and Auditor - Kelvin Soto, Esq.
* County Attorney - Frank Townsend

### Constitutional officers

* Sheriff – Marco Lopez (D)
* Property Appraiser – Katrina Scarborough (D)
* Clerk of the Circuit Court & County Comptroller – Kelvin Soto, Esq. (D)
* Supervisor of Elections – Mary Jane Arrington (D)
* Tax Collector – Bruce Vickers (D)
* Public Defender – Bob Wesley
* State Attorney – Monique Worrell
United States presidential election results for Osceola County, Florida :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 86,713 | 50.04% | 84,205 | 48.59% | 2,371 | 1.37% |
| 2020 | 73,480 | 42.53% | 97,297 | 56.31% | 2,007 | 1.16% |
| 2016 | 50,301 | 35.56% | 85,458 | 60.41% | 5,709 | 4.04% |
| 2012 | 40,592 | 37.27% | 67,239 | 61.73% | 1,091 | 1.00% |
| 2008 | 40,086 | 39.72% | 59,962 | 59.41% | 877 | 0.87% |
| 2004 | 43,117 | 52.45% | 38,633 | 47.00% | 454 | 0.55% |
| 2000 | 26,237 | 47.11% | 28,187 | 50.61% | 1,266 | 2.27% |
| 1996 | 18,337 | 39.44% | 21,874 | 47.05% | 6,280 | 13.51% |
| 1992 | 19,143 | 42.29% | 15,010 | 33.16% | 11,114 | 24.55% |
| 1988 | 21,355 | 68.05% | 9,812 | 31.27% | 214 | 0.68% |
| 1984 | 18,348 | 73.45% | 6,628 | 26.53% | 4 | 0.02% |
| 1980 | 10,863 | 59.67% | 6,603 | 36.27% | 739 | 4.06% |
| 1976 | 7,062 | 49.82% | 6,893 | 48.63% | 220 | 1.55% |
| 1972 | 9,320 | 82.94% | 1,875 | 16.69% | 42 | 0.37% |
| 1968 | 4,172 | 43.90% | 1,870 | 19.68% | 3,462 | 36.43% |
| 1964 | 4,516 | 56.12% | 3,531 | 43.88% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 4,691 | 68.29% | 2,178 | 31.71% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 3,602 | 65.19% | 1,923 | 34.81% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 3,133 | 62.25% | 1,900 | 37.75% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 1,575 | 44.59% | 1,577 | 44.65% | 380 | 10.76% |
| 1944 | 1,400 | 44.26% | 1,763 | 55.74% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1940 | 1,428 | 41.48% | 2,015 | 58.52% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1936 | 1,101 | 40.43% | 1,622 | 59.57% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1932 | 906 | 35.36% | 1,656 | 64.64% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1928 | 1,760 | 60.25% | 1,127 | 38.58% | 34 | 1.16% |
| 1924 | 589 | 33.45% | 884 | 50.20% | 288 | 16.35% |
| 1920 | 1,035 | 55.32% | 728 | 38.91% | 108 | 5.77% |
| 1916 | 453 | 38.98% | 511 | 43.98% | 198 | 17.04% |
| 1912 | 110 | 12.37% | 512 | 57.59% | 267 | 30.03% |
| 1908 | 81 | 24.11% | 193 | 57.44% | 62 | 18.45% |
| 1904 | 65 | 18.41% | 271 | 76.77% | 17 | 4.82% |
| 1900 | 42 | 11.29% | 266 | 71.51% | 64 | 17.20% |
| 1896 | 118 | 28.78% | 274 | 66.83% | 18 | 4.39% |
| 1892 | 0 | 0.00% | 259 | 94.18% | 16 | 5.82% |

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,506 square miles (3,900 km$^2$), of which 1,327 square miles (3,440 km$^2$) is land and 178 square miles (460 km$^2$) (11.9%) is water.

### Adjacent counties

* Orange County – north
* Brevard County – northeast
* Indian River County – east
* Okeechobee County – southeast
* Highlands County – south
* Polk County – west
* Lake County – northwest

## Transportation
### Rail

CSX's A-line, formerly the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad mainline, and originally built by the South Florida Railroad in the 1880s, runs through the urbanized northern part of the county. CSX has leased the line to the FDOT. Intercity passenger service is provided by Amtrak at Kissimmee station and commuter passenger service is operated by SunRail, with stops at Kissimmee and Poinciana.

### Airports

* Kissimmee Gateway Airport

### Major highways

* Interstate 4
* Florida's Turnpike
* State Road 417
* State Road 429
* Osceola Parkway
* US 441
* / US 17/92 (Orange Blossom Trail)
* US 192
* CR 15
* SR 60
* John Young Parkway

## Demographics

Osceola County racial composition as of 2020 (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White (NH) | 108,292 | 113,362 | 40.3% | 29.17% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 24,503 | 35,145 | 9.12% | 9.04% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 596 | 562 | 0.22% | 0.14% |
| Asian (NH) | 7,120 | 11,370 | 2.65% | 2.93% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 229 | 240 | 0.09% | 0.06% |
| Some Other Race (NH) | 1,393 | 4,218 | 0.52% | 1.09% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 4,406 | 12,670 | 1.64% | 3.26% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 122,146 | 211,089 | 45.46% | 54.31% |
| Total | 268,685 | 388,656 | | |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 388,656 people, 109,642 households, and 81,168 families residing in the county. The population density was 292 inhabitants per square mile (113/km$^2$). There were 162,661 housing units at an average density of 122 per square mile (47/km$^2$). The majority of Hispanics/Latinos in the county are Puerto Ricans, who account for an estimated 33.7% of the population and are the largest ancestral group in the county.
38.2% of the county population is affiliated with a religious congregation. There are 206 or more religious congregations in the county. 16.5% are Catholic; 1.3% are Mormons; 3.5% are Baptist, 3.7% are Pentecostal, 1.4% are Methodist, 8.3% are members of other Christian faiths, 0.1% are Jewish, 0.2% affiliate with an eastern faith, and 3.2% affiliate with Islam.
There were 111,539 households, 57% were married couples living together, 23% had a female householder with no spouse present, 7% had a male householder with no spouse present, and 13% were non-families. The average household size was 3.4 persons per household.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 12% being 0 to 9 years old, 15% 10 to 19, 14% 20 to 29, 15% from 30 to 39, 13% from 40 to 49, 11% 50 to 59, and 19% who were 60 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.20 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $52,279. The per capita income for the county was $22,196. About 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.00% of those under age 18 and 10.00% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

The School District of Osceola County, Florida serves the county. The county is home to 59 schools, not including colleges.

### Colleges

* Johnson University Florida
* Florida Technical College
* Heritage University & Seminary
* Stetson University
* Valencia College - Osceola Campus & Poinciana Campus

### Libraries

There are currently six branches of the Osceola County Library System:
* Buenaventura Lakes Library - Kissimmee, FL
* Hart Memorial Library - Kissimmee, FL
* Kenansville Library - Kenansville, FL
* Poinciana Library - Kissimmee, FL
* St. Cloud Veterans Memorial Library - St. Cloud, FL
* West Osceola Library - Celebration, FL
The Hart Memorial Library is home to the Ray Shanks Law Library, and TechCentral the library system's "creative space".

#### History

Until 1989, there was no independent Osceola Library System. Instead, Osceola patrons were taken care of by Orange County Library System. Before that, there were two libraries, which are still named after the original independent libraries, run by women's organizations: Veteran's Memorial in Saint Cloud and Hart Memorial Library in Kissimmee.
In 1910, land for the Hart Memorial Library was donated by a widow of a former Florida Governor, Carrie S. Hart. It was located on North Stewart Avenue in Kissimmee . In 1914, women pooled money together from themselves and other community members to build the actual building and Annie Palmer Fell, another widow of a prominent Florida man, donated furnishings and books from her personal collection to begin building inventory in the new library. In 1968, the location moved to a 4,000 square foot building on Broadway and Dakin. Hart Memorial Library is the Osceola headquarters and is now located in a 43,000 square building .
Veteran's Memorial Library was at first a reading room until enough funds were raised to build the first official location on Massachusetts Avenue in Saint Cloud. In the early 70's the location moved to a former SunBank location on 10th Street and New York Avenue. In 1995, this branch moved for its final time to a larger building on Indiana Avenue and 13th street where it is still located today.
The first Poinciana Branch was opened in 1988. It was a modular building and consisted of a 14,000 book collection. This branch was eventually moved into a larger location with a collection of 40,000 books and computer access for patrons.
Osceola Library Systems began as an independent organization on April 1, 1989.
In 1990, the Buenaventura Library opened.
In 1991, volunteers helped open the Kenansville Branch Library in a shared space with the old Kenansville school. During the 2004 hurricanes, the collection was a total loss. It was rebuilt in 2007 with a larger collection, including books, DVDs, and computer/wifi access.

## Communities
### Cities

* Kissimmee
* St. Cloud

### Census-designated places

* Buenaventura Lakes
* Campbell
* Celebration
* Four Corners
* Poinciana
* Yeehaw Junction

### Other unincorporated communities

* Bull Creek
* Deer Park
* Harmony
* Holopaw
* Kenansville
* Narcoossee
* Whittier – the hamlet along Harvey Road especially near its intersection with Whitman Road; Zip Code: 34739.
* Intercession City

### Planned development

Back in 2009, there were plans to create a new city named Destiny near the intersection of the Florida Turnpike and US 441. The project was halted by The Florida Department of Community Affairs after concerns that there would be mass urban sprawl. The area is now a reserve named after the city's planner, Fred DeLuca. If finished, the city would've had an expected population of 250,000.

### Special districts

* Central Florida Tourism Oversight District
* Crescent Lake Common Facilities District

### Former communities

* Apoxsee
* Illahaw
* Kicco
* Locosee
* Nittaw
* Runnymede
* Tohopkee