# List of wars involving Kazakhstan

This is a list of wars involving Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakh and the predecessor states of Kazakhstan to the present day. It also includes wars fought outside Kazakhstan by the Kazakh military.
Legends of results:
Victory
Defeat
Stalemate
Internal civil war
Ongoing war

## Kazakh Khanate

Kazakh Khanate was established by Janibek Khan and Kerei Khan in 1465. Both khans came from Turco-Mongol clan of Tore which traces its lineage to Genghis Khan through dynasty of Jochids. The Tore clan continued to rule the khanate until its fall to the Russian Empire.
From 16th to 17th century, the Kazakh Khanate ruled and expanded its territories to eastern Cumania (modern-day West Kazakhstan), to most of Uzbekistan, Karakalpakstan and the Syr Darya river with military confrontation as far as Astrakhan and Khorasan Province, which are now in Russia and Iran, respectively. The Khanate was later weakened by a series of Oirat and Dzungar invasions. These resulted in a decline and further disintegration into three Juzes, which gradually lost their sovereignty and were incorporated to the expanding Russian Empire in the 19th century.
| Date | Conflict | Combatant I | Combatant II | Result for Kazakhstan | Khan/Leader |
| 1468–1500 | Kazakh War of Independence Capture of Suzak (1470) Capture of Sawran (1470) Battle of Sawran (1471) Battle of Suzak (1472) Siege of Sawran Siege of Sygnak | Kazakh Khanate Timurid Empire Khanate of Sibir | Uzbek Khanate Nogai Horde Western Moghulistan | Victory Kazakhs maintain independence from the Uzbek Khanate | Kerei Khan Janibek Khan Burunduk Khan |
| 1508 | Kazakh-Nogai War (1508) | Kazakh Khanate | Nogai Horde | Victory | Burunduk Khan |
| 1509–1510 | Third invasion of the Kazakh Khanate (1509–1510) | Kazakh Khanate | Khanate of Bukhara | Victory | Kasym Khan |
| 1513 | Battle beyond the Volga (1513) | Kazakh Khanate | Nogai Horde | Victory | Kasym Khan |
| 1515–1521 | Kazakh-Nogai War (1515-1521) | Kazakh Khanate | Nogai Horde | Victory | Kasym Khan |
| 1519 | Nogai Battle | Kazakh Khanate | Nogai Horde | Victory | Kasym Khan |
| 1522–1538 | First Kazakh Khanate Civil War | Kazakhs | Kazakhs | Victory for Haqnazar Khan | Haqnazar Khan |
| 1534 | Kazakh-Tashkent War (1534) | Kazakh Khanate | Khanate of Bukhara | Victory | Ahmet Khan |
| 1570 | Battle of Emba (1570) | Kazakh Khanate | Nogai Horde | Victory | Haqnazar Khan |
| 1577 | Kazakh-Nogai War (1577) | Kazakh Khanate | Nogai Horde | Victory | Haqnazar Khan |
| 1598 | Kazakh invasion of Northern Bukhara Battle of Samarkand (1598) | Kazakh Khanate | Khanate of Bukhara | Victory Kazakhs conquered Tashkent, Samarkand and Turkestan but failed to conquer Bukhara | Tauekel khan Yesim Khan |
| 1607-1608 | General Oirat raid on Kazakhs | Kazakh Khanate | Kalmyk | Inconclusive | |
| 1608 | Batyr Khan's campaign on Kalmyks | Kazakh Khanate | Kalmyk | Victory | Batyr Khan |
| 1609 | Kalmyks campaign against Kazakhs (1609) | Kazakh Khanate | Kalmyk | Defeat | |
| 1619-1621 | Campaign of Yesim Khan against Kalmyk uluses (1619–1621) | Kazakh Khanate | Kalmyk | Victory | Yesim Khan |
| 1626-1627 | Kalmyk campaign of Yesim Khan (1626–1627) | Kazakh Khanate | Kalmyk | Victory | Yesim Khan |
| 1627 | Kalmyks campaign against Kazakhs (1627) | Kazakh Khanate | Kalmyk | Victory | |
| 1643–1756 | Kazakh–Dzungar Wars Siege of Sairam (1681) Siege of Sairam (1683) Battle of Orbulaq Battle of Añyraqai Battle of Bulanty Raid on the Septenya Ulus | Kazakh Khanate | Dzungar Khanate Kalmyk Khanate | Victory Dzungar genocide Destruction of the Dzungar Khanate | Salqam Jangir Khan Bahadur Khan Tauke Khan Qaiyp Khan Bolat Khan Abulmambet Khan Ablai Khan |

## Russian conquest of Central Asia

| Date | Conflict | Combatant I | Combatant II | Result for Kazakhstan | Khan/Leader |
| 1825-1836 | Uprising of Sarzhan Qasymov | Kazakh rebels Kokand Khanate (1834-1835) | Russian Empire Kokand Khanate (1832, 1836) | Defeat Uprising suppressed Uprising continued under the leadership of Kenesary Qasymov | Sarzhan Kasymuly Yesengeldy Qasymov Kasym Sultan Kenesary Qasymov Agatay Qasymov Nauryzbay Qasymov Bopai Qasymova |
| 1836-1837 | Uprising of Isatay Taimanov | Kazakh rebels | Russian Empire Bukey Horde | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Isatay Taymanuly Makhambet Otemisuly |
| 1837-1847 | Kenesary's Rebellion Rytov's caravan interception Siege of Akmola Fortress June raid on Aktau Fortress | Kazakh Khanate supported by: Khanate of Khiva Emirate of Bukhara | Russian Empire supported by: Kokand Khanate Kara-Kyrgyz Khanate | Defeat Uprising suppressed Fall of the Kazakh Khanate | Kenesary Qasymov |
| 1840-1846 | Kokand campaigns of Kenesary Qasymov | Kazakh Khanate Emirate of Bukhara | Khanate of Kokand | Victory Raids succeed | Kenesary Qasymov |
| 1843-1851 | Zhankozha Nurmukhamedov's struggle against Khiva and Kokand Vishnevsky's punitive campaign | Russian Empire Kazakh Khanate (until 1847) Syr Darya Kazakhs | Khanate of Khiva Khanate of Kokand | Victory Overthrow of the Kokand yoke in the Ak-Mechet areas Cessation of the Khiva invasions into the Kazakh steppe Beginning of the Russian Conquest of Kokand | Zhankozha Nurmuhamedov |

## Kazakhstan under Russian occupation

| Date | Conflict | Combatant I | Combatant II | Result for Kazakhstan | Khan/Leader |
| 1856-1860 | Zhankozha Nurmukhamedov's Uprising | Kazakh Rebels | Russian Empire | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Zhankozha Nurmuhamedov |
| 1850-1868 | Russian conquest of Kokand Khanate | Russian Empire Pro-russian Kazakhs Pro-russian Kyrgyz people | Khanate of Kokand Kyrgyz Khanate | Victory Russians conquered Tashkent and South Kazakhstan | Suranshy Batyr Tezek Nuralin |
| 1868-1869 | Uprising in Ural and Turgay oblasts | Kazakh rebels | Russian Empire | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Bergen Kospanov Seil Turkebaev Kuspai Aibasov Mambetali Kanaly Aryslanuly |
| 1870 | Aday rebellion of 1870 Expedition of Rukin Siege of Alexandrovsky fort Battle of the Cape Chagrai | Aday tribe rebels supported by Khanate of Khiva | Russian Empire | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Dosan Tazhiev Isa Tlenbaev Erzhan Kulov Ermembet Kulov Kutzhan Orakov |
| 1916-1917 | Central Asian revolt of 1916 | Turkic tribes Kazakh tribes, including Turgay Rebels Kyrgyz rebels supported by: Small number of escaped POWs, Central Powers intelligence Chinese volunteers | Russian Empire supported by: Emirate of Bukhara | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Amankeldı İmanov Äbdiğapar Janbosynūly Älıbi Jangeldin Keiki-batyr |

## Alash–Orda (1917–1920)

Kazakhs, tired of almost a century of Russian colonization, started to rise up. In the 1870s–80s, schools in Kazakhstan massively started to open, which developed elite, future Kazakh members of the Alash party. In 1916, after conscription of Muslims into the military for service in the Eastern Front during World War I, Kazakhs and Kyrgyzs rose up against the Russian government, with uprisings until February 1917.
The state was proclaimed during the Second All-Kazakh Congress held at Orenburg from 5–13 December 1917 OS (18–26 NS), with a provisional government being established under the oversight of Alikhan Bukeikhanov. However, the nation's purported territory was still under the de facto control of the region's Russian-appointed governor, Vassily Balabanov, until 1919. In 1920, he fled the Russian Red Army for self-imposed exile in China, where he was recognised by the Chinese as Kazakhstan's legitimate ruler.
Following its proclamation in December 1917, Alash leaders established the Alash Orda, a Kazakh government which was aligned with the White Army and fought against the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War. In 1919, when the White forces were losing, the Alash Autonomous government began negotiations with the Bolsheviks. By 1920, the Bolsheviks had defeated the White Russian forces in the region and occupied Kazakhstan. On 17 August 1920, the Soviet government established the Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, which in 1925 changed its name to Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, and finally to Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic in 1936.
| Date | Battle | Combatant I | Combatant II | Result for Kazakhstan | Leader |
| 1918-1922 | Russian Civil War in Central Asia Semirechye Front Defence of Uralsk Uralsk-Guryev operation | Alash-Orda Alash Militia White Army (until 1919) RSFSR (from 1919) | RSFSR (until 1919) White Army (from 1919) | Inconclusive Kazakhstan becomes a Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic Alash-Orda ceases to exist | Keiki-batyr Alikhan Bukeikhanov Zhakhansha Dosmukhamedov |

## USSR

During most of the XXth century Kazakhstan was a soviet republic within USSR, participating in the wars USSR took a part in.
Despite the peaceful integration of Alash-Orda into the USSR, Kazakh people also participated in series of revolts against soviet rule, the main wave of uprising had been caused by collectivisation and Asharshylyk:
| Date | Conflict | Combatant I | Combatant II | Result for Kazakhstan | Leader(s)/Khan(s) |
| 1921 | Anti-bolshevik revolt in Northern Kazakhstan | Green Rebels Peasants Cossacks Kazakhs | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Vladimir Rodin Maslov Khorev Karesevich |
| 1928-1930 | Sarysu-sozak uprising | Kazakh rebels Sarysu District rebels Sozak District rebels Tama tribe Defected communists - members of Komsomol | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Sultanbek Shulakuly Ali Asadulla Mirza-Akhmet Baskiyev |
| 1929 | Bostandyk uprising | Kazakh rebels Boʻstonliq District rebels Basmachi | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | T. Musabayev U. Maylybayed I. Chanybekova |
| 1929 | Batpakkarin uprising | Kazakh rebels Batpakkarin District rebels Zhangeldi District rebels Nauyrzym District rebels | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Omar Barmakov Abaydilda Bekzhanov Seytbek Kaliyev Akhmediya Smagulov |
| 1929-1932 | Aday uprising of 1929 | Aday tribe members | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Bokymash Sholanuly Rakhmet Aminuly Myrzaly Tynynmbayev Yergali Kuttengenov Mamay Salpykuly Zhumabay Usenuly Kangabay Dosan Shopanuly Zharmangabet Kobayuly Dauylbay Bimaganbetuly |
| 1930 | Sarbaz rebellion | Kazakh rebels Sarbazy Russian White movement supporters Altai rebels Buryat rebels | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed |
| 1930 | Balkash-Shokpar uprising | Kazakh rebels Balkhash District rebels Chokpar District rebels | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Abdibek Nurabayev Kosherbay Kuramysov |
| 1930 | Baribay uprising | Kazakh rebels Sharua | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | K. Akhmetzhanov K. Ibragimov Zh.Saukymbayev |
| 1930 | Asan uprising | Kazakh rebels Kazaly District rebels Alshyn tribe members | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Maksym Orumbetov |
| 1931 | Abralin uprising | Kazakh rebels Abralin District rebels | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed | Esimbek Musabekuly Y. Kempirbayev |
| 1931 | Korday uprising | Kazakh rebels Korday District rebels | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed |
| 1931 | Alak uprising | Kazakh rebels Kyzyltasy District rebels | USSR Kazak ASSR | Defeat Uprising suppressed Survivors fled to China |

## Republic of Kazakhstan (1991–present)

Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union from 1988 to 1991.
| Date | Conflict | Combatant I | Combatant II | Result for Kazakhstan | President of Kazakhstan |
| 1992–1997 | Tajikistani Civil War | CSTO  Kazakhstan | United Tajik Opposition Jamiat-e Islami (until 1996) Afghanistan (until 1996) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until 1996) Taliban factions | Military stalemale United Nations-sponsored armistice Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed Rahmon wins the 1999 Tajik presidential election The United Tajik Opposition is promised 30 percent of the ministerial positions | Nursultan Nazarbayev |
| 1996–2001 | Afghan Civil War | Kazakhstan Islamic State of Afghanistan | Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan East Turkistan Islamic Party Tanzeem-e-Nifaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi Pakistan | Military stalemale Continued clashes until the US-led invasion of Afghanistan Taliban control up to 85% of Afghanistan including the capital Kabul Civil war continues | Nursultan Nazarbayev |
| 2002–present | Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa | Kazakhstan NATO | Insurgents: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2015) al-Qaeda (from 2002) Al-Shabaab (from 2006) al-Itihaad al-Islamiya (2002–06) Hizbul Islam (2009–14) Ras Kamboni Brigades (2007–10) Jabhatul Islamiya (2007–09) Mu'askar Anole (2007–09) | Ongoing 21 high level Al-Shabaab leaders killed | Nursultan Nazarbayev Kassym-Jomart Tokayev |
| 2003–2011 | Iraq War | Kazakhstan United States MNF–I United Kingdom New Iraqi government Iraqi Kurdistan | Iraq (2003) | Victory Overthrow of Saddam Hussein | Nursultan Nazarbayev |
| 2022 | Bloody January CSTO operation in Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan Russia Belarus Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan Armenia | Protesters | Internal unrest Protests suppressed Nursultan Nazarbayev removed from the Security Council of Kazakhstan and from being a chairman of the Nur Otan party Restoration of vehicle fuel price caps of 50 tenge per litre for six months Nationwide state of emergency declared from 5 January to 20 January | Kassym-Jomart Tokayev |