# True-Life Adventures

True-Life Adventures is a series of short and full-length nature documentary films released by Walt Disney Productions between the years 1948 and 1960. The first seven films released were thirty-minute shorts, with the subsequent seven films being full features. The series won eight Academy Awards for the studio, including five for Best Two Reel Live Action Short and three for Best Documentary Feature.
Some of the features were re-edited into educational shorts between 1968 and 1975. The latter year saw the release of The Best of Walt Disney's True-Life Adventures, a compilation film derived from the series.

## Films

| # | Film name | Type | Date | Educational film |
| 1 | On Seal Island (a.k.a. Seal Island) | Two-reel short | December 21, 1948 | |
| 2 | In Beaver Valley (a.k.a. Beaver Valley) | Two-reel short | July 19, 1950 | |
| 3 | Nature's Half Acre | Two-reel short | July 28, 1951 | |
| 4 | The Olympic Elk | Two-reel short | February 13, 1952 | |
| 5 | Water Birds | Two-reel short | June 26, 1952 | |
| 6 | Bear Country | Two-reel short | February 5, 1953 | |
| 7 | Prowlers of the Everglades | Two-reel short | July 23, 1953 | |
| 8 | The Living Desert | Feature | November 10, 1953 | The following educational films were excerpted from The Living Desert: Animals at Home in the Desert (1974) Predators of the Desert (1974) What Is a Desert? (1974) |
| 9 | The Vanishing Prairie | Feature | August 17, 1954 | The following educational films were excerpted from The Vanishing Prairie: The Buffalo – Majestic Symbol of the Plains (1962) Small Animals of the Plains (1962) Pioneer Trails, Indian Lore and Bird Life of the Plains (1962) Large Animals that Once Roamed the Plains (1962) |
| 10 | The African Lion | Feature | September 14, 1955 | The following educational films were excerpted from The African Lion: The African Lion and His Realm (1968) Birds, Baboons, and Other Animals – Their Struggle for Survival (1968) Elephants and Hippos in Africa (1968) |
| 11 | Secrets of Life | Feature | November 6, 1956 | The following educational films were excerpted from Secrets of Life: Secrets of the Ant and Insect World (1960) Secrets of the Bee World (1960) Secrets of the Plant World (1960) Secrets of the Underwater World (1960) |
| 12 | Perri ("A True-Life Fantasy") | Feature | August 28, 1957 | |
| 13 | White Wilderness | Feature | August 12, 1958 | The following educational films were excerpted from White Wilderness: The Arctic Region and Its Polar Bears (1964) Large Animals of the Arctic (1964) The Lemmings and Arctic Bird Life (1964) |
| 14 | Jungle Cat | Feature | August 10, 1960 | The following educational films were excerpted from Jungle Cat: Animals of the South American Jungle (1974) Jungle Cat of the Amazon (1974) |
Additional educational shorts edited from two or more films were released under a "Nature's Living Album" banner, including:
* The Weasel Family (1968)
* The Wild Dog Family – The Coyote (1968)
* The Wild Cat Family – The Cougar (1968)
* The Deer Family (1968)
* The Beasts of Burden Family (1970)
* The Bear Family (1970)
On October 8, 1975, Disney theatrically released The Best of Walt Disney's True-Life Adventures, a full-length documentary film derived from 13 True-Life Adventures films. It was written and directed by James Algar and narrated by Winston Hibler.

## Production

The films were among the earliest production experience for Roy E. Disney. This series was the launching pad for Disney's then-new distributor, the Buena Vista Film Distribution Company, Inc. Interstitial animated segments are included, and some filmed sequences are set to music. Ub Iwerks blew up the 16 mm film to 35 mm for theatrical projection and provided some special effects.

## Awards

The series won eight Academy Awards for the studio including five Best Two Reel Live Action Short awards for Seal Island, In Beaver Valley, Nature's Half Acre, Water Birds, and Bear Country, and three Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature awards for The Living Desert, The Vanishing Prairie and White Wilderness.

## In other media

Television episodes from Disney's anthology TV series focus on the films, and it inspired a daily panel comic strip that was distributed from 1955 to 1973 and drawn by George Wheeler. Several of the films were adapted in comic book format as one-shots in Dell Comics' Four Color series.

## Home media
### VHS releases
#### Australian & New Zealand

* The Living Desert (September 22, 1995)
* The Vanishing Prairie (September 22, 1995)
* Jungle Cat (September 22, 1995)
* Secrets of Life (September 22, 1995)
* The African Lion (September 22, 1995)
* White Wilderness (September 22, 1995)
* Seal Island (March 15, 1996)
* Bear Country (March 15, 1996)
* Water Birds (March 15, 1996)
* The Olympic Elk (March 15, 1996)
* Beaver Valley (March 15, 1996)
* Nature's Half Acre (March 15, 1996)

### DVD release

All of the True-Life Adventures have been released on 4 double-DVD sets as part of the Walt Disney Legacy Collection, which launched December 5, 2006.

#### Volume 1: Wonders of the World

Disc 1
* Introduction by Roy Disney
* White Wilderness (1958)
* Water Birds (1952)
* Beaver Valley (1950)
* Prowlers of the Everglades (1953)
Disc 2
* Mysteries of the Deep
* "Wonders of the Water Worlds"
* "The Crisler Story"
Bonus Features
* "Backstage with Roy Disney at Disney's Animal Kingdom: Birds"
* "Tribute to James Algar"
* "Filmmakers' Journal"
* "Collectors' Corner"
* "Original Theatrical Trailers"

#### Volume 2: Lands of Exploration

Disc 1
* Introduction by Roy Disney
* The Living Desert
* The Vanishing Prairie
* Seal Island
Disc 2
* Islands of the Sea
* Nature's Strangest Creatures
* "Prairie"
* Behind the True Life Cameras
Bonus features
* Backstage with Roy Disney at Disney's Animal Kingdom: Desert Insects
* Backstage with Roy Disney at Disney's Animal Kingdom: Snakes
* Filmmakers' Journal
* Collectors' Corner
* Trailers & Promo

#### Volume 3: Creatures of the Wild

Disc 1
* Introduction by Roy Disney
* The African Lion
* Jungle Cat
* Bear Country
Disc 2
* The Olympic Elk
* "Cameras in Africa"
* "The Yellowstone Story"
Bonus features
* Tribute to the Milottes
* Backstage with Roy Disney at Disney's Animal Kingdom: Elephants
* Backstage with Roy Disney at Disney's Animal Kingdom: Cheetah Medical Exam
* Filmmakers' Journal
* Collectors' Corner
* Trailers & Promo

#### Volume 4: Nature's Mysteries

Disc 1
* Introduction by Roy Disney
* Secrets of Life
* Perri
Disc 2
* Nature's Half Acre
* "Searching for Nature's Mysteries"
* "Adventure in Wildwood Heart'
Bonus Features
* Backstage with Roy Disney at Disney's Animal Kingdom: Butterflies
* Tribute to Winston Hibler
* Filmmakers' Journal
* Collectors' Corner
* Original Theatrical Trailers

### Disney+

Many of the films are hosted on Disney's streaming platform Disney+, although as of March 2022, some had not yet been added to the service in the United States, including Seal Island, Bear Country, and White Wilderness.

## Reception

Although critics denounced the series' anthropomorphizing of animals, educators honored the True-Life Adventures films. In 1954, the professional teacher organization Phi Delta Kappa International awarded Walt Disney its Education Award, and the National Education Association honored him with the American Education Award.

## Legacy

Animators from Walt Disney Productions used film from the series as reference material for a wide range of animals. During the production of The Rescuers (1977), animator Ollie Johnston cited footage from the series—showing the clumsiness of albatross take-offs and landings—as inspiration for the mice's mode of transportation in the movie.
A 1982 Canadian Broadcasting Company documentary titled Cruel Camera interviews a cameraman who worked on the series, who said he disliked the inaccuracy of the narration. In a notorious example he discussed, the lemmings' mass suicide in White Wilderness was staged, with the same small group of lemmings repeatedly shoved off a cliffside—rather than hundreds intentionally jumping as stated by the narrator—into Alberta's Bow River, rather than the Arctic Ocean as is depicted. In 2003, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game discussed the lemming-suicide myth and in 2022, business magnate Elon Musk referred to the story after calling for Mickey Mouse to be released into the public domain, tweeting: "Ironic that Disney would disparage an entire class of rodents when their main character is a rodent – jealous maybe?"
In 2007, Disney established a new nature film label called Disneynature, which produces feature films similar to the True-Life Adventures series. In March 2019, Disney acquired 21st Century Fox, including the nature-themed National Geographic Films.