# List of Olympic medalists in cross-country skiing

Cross-country skiing is a sport that has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the inaugural games in 1924.

## Men

The numbers in brackets denotes cross-country skiers who won gold medal in corresponding disciplines more than one time. Bold numbers denotes record number of victories in certain disciplines.

### 18 and 15 km

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 18 kilometres ||||
| 1924 Chamonix details | Thorleif Haug Norway | Johan Grøttumsbråten Norway | Tapani Niku Finland |
| 1928 St. Moritz details | Johan Grøttumsbråten Norway | Ole Hegge Norway | Reidar Ødegaard Norway |
| 1932 Lake Placid details | Sven Utterström Sweden | Axel Wikström Sweden | Veli Saarinen Finland |
| 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen details | Erik Larsson Sweden | Oddbjørn Hagen Norway | Pekka Niemi Finland |
| 1948 St. Moritz details | Martin Lundström Sweden | Nils Östensson Sweden | Gunnar Eriksson Sweden |
| 1952 Oslo details | Hallgeir Brenden Norway | Tapio Mäkelä Finland | Paavo Lonkila Finland |
| 15 kilometres ||||
| 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo details | Hallgeir Brenden Norway | Sixten Jernberg Sweden | Pavel Kolchin Soviet Union |
| 1960 Squaw Valley details | Håkon Brusveen Norway | Sixten Jernberg Sweden | Veikko Hakulinen Finland |
| 1964 Innsbruck details | Eero Mäntyranta Finland | Harald Grønningen Norway | Sixten Jernberg Sweden |
| 1968 Grenoble details | Harald Grønningen Norway | Eero Mäntyranta Finland | Gunnar Larsson Sweden |
| 1972 Sapporo details | Sven-Åke Lundbäck Sweden | Fyodor Simashev Soviet Union | Ivar Formo Norway |
| 1976 Innsbruck details | Nikolay Bazhukov Soviet Union | Yevgeny Belyayev Soviet Union | Arto Koivisto Finland |
| 1980 Lake Placid details | Thomas Wassberg Sweden | Juha Mieto Finland | Ove Aunli Norway |
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Gunde Svan Sweden | Aki Karvonen Finland | Harri Kirvesniemi Finland |
| 1988 Calgary details | Mikhail Devyatyarov Soviet Union | Pål Gunnar Mikkelsplass Norway | Vladimir Smirnov Soviet Union |
| 1992–1998 | Not included in the Olympic program | Not included in the Olympic program | Not included in the Olympic program |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Andrus Veerpalu Estonia | Frode Estil Norway | Jaak Mae Estonia |
| 2006 Turin details | Andrus Veerpalu Estonia | Lukáš Bauer Czech Republic | Tobias Angerer Germany |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Dario Cologna Switzerland | Pietro Piller Cottrer Italy | Lukáš Bauer Czech Republic |
| 2014 Sochi details | Dario Cologna Switzerland | Johan Olsson Sweden | Daniel Rickardsson Sweden |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Dario Cologna Switzerland | Simen Hegstad Krüger Norway | Denis Spitsov Olympic Athletes from Russia |
| 2022 Beijing details | Iivo Niskanen Finland | Alexander Bolshunov ROC | Johannes Høsflot Klæbo Norway |
Classic style: 1924–1936, 1948–1988, 2002–2006, 2014, 2022. Freestyle: 2010, 2018.
Medals :
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway (NOR) | 6 | 7 | 4 | 17 |
| 2 | Sweden (SWE) | 6 | 5 | 4 | 15 |
| 3 | Switzerland (SUI) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | Finland (FIN) | 2 | 4 | 7 | 13 |
| 5 | Soviet Union (URS) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| 6 | Estonia (EST) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 7 | Czech Republic (CZE) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | ROC (ROC) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 11 nations | 21 | 21 | 21 | 63 |

### 50 km

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1924 Chamonix details | Thorleif Haug Norway | Thoralf Strømstad Norway | Johan Grøttumsbråten Norway |
| 1928 St. Moritz details | Per-Erik Hedlund Sweden | Gustaf Jonsson Sweden | Volger Andersson Sweden |
| 1932 Lake Placid details | Veli Saarinen Finland | Väinö Liikkanen Finland | Arne Rustadstuen Norway |
| 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen details | Elis Wiklund Sweden | Axel Wikström Sweden | Nils-Joel Englund Sweden |
| 1948 St. Moritz details | Nils Karlsson Sweden | Harald Eriksson Sweden | Benjamin Vanninen Finland |
| 1952 Oslo details | Veikko Hakulinen Finland | Eero Kolehmainen Finland | Magnar Estenstad Norway |
| 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo details | Sixten Jernberg Sweden | Veikko Hakulinen Finland | Fyodor Terentyev Soviet Union |
| 1960 Squaw Valley details | Kalevi Hämäläinen Finland | Veikko Hakulinen Finland | Rolf Rämgård Sweden |
| 1964 Innsbruck details | Sixten Jernberg (2) Sweden | Assar Rönnlund Sweden | Arto Tiainen Finland |
| 1968 Grenoble details | Ole Ellefsæter Norway | Vyacheslav Vedenin Soviet Union | Josef Haas Switzerland |
| 1972 Sapporo details | Pål Tyldum Norway | Magne Myrmo Norway | Vyacheslav Vedenin Soviet Union |
| 1976 Innsbruck details | Ivar Formo Norway | Gert-Dietmar Klause East Germany | Benny Södergren Sweden |
| 1980 Lake Placid details | Nikolay Zimyatov Soviet Union | Juha Mieto Finland | Alexander Zavyalov Soviet Union |
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Thomas Wassberg Sweden | Gunde Svan Sweden | Aki Karvonen Finland |
| 1988 Calgary details | Gunde Svan Sweden | Maurilio De Zolt Italy | Andi Grünenfelder Switzerland |
| 1992 Albertville details | Bjørn Dæhlie Norway | Maurilio De Zolt Italy | Giorgio Vanzetta Italy |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Vladimir Smirnov Kazakhstan | Mika Myllylä Finland | Sture Sivertsen Norway |
| 1998 Nagano details | Bjørn Dæhlie (2) Norway | Niklas Jonsson Sweden | Christian Hoffmann Austria |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Mikhail Ivanov Russia | Andrus Veerpalu Estonia | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset Norway |
| 2006 Turin details | Giorgio Di Centa Italy | Yevgeny Dementyev Russia | Mikhail Botvinov Austria |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Petter Northug Norway | Axel Teichmann Germany | Johan Olsson Sweden |
| 2014 Sochi details | Alexander Legkov Russia | Maxim Vylegzhanin Russia | Ilia Chernousov Russia |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Iivo Niskanen Finland | Alexander Bolshunov Olympic Athletes from Russia | Andrey Larkov Olympic Athletes from Russia |
| 2022 Beijing details | Alexander Bolshunov ROC | Ivan Yakimushkin ROC | Simen Hegstad Krüger Norway |
Classic style: 1924–1936, 1948–1984, 1994, 2002, 2010, 2018. Freestyle: 1988–1992, 1998, 2006, 2014. Mass start: 2006–2022.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Sweden | 7 | 6 | 5 | 18 |
| 2 | Norway | 7 | 2 | 6 | 15 |
| 3 | Finland | 4 | 6 | 3 | 13 |
| 4 | Russia | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| 5 | Italy | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 6 | Soviet Union | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| 7 | Kazakhstan | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | ROC | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 9 | Olympic Athletes from Russia | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 10 | East Germany | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Estonia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Germany | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 13 | Austria | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 13 | Switzerland | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Total | Total | 24 | 24 | 24 | 72 |

### 4 × 10 km relay

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen details | Finland (FIN) Sulo Nurmela Klaes Karppinen Matti Lähde Kalle Jalkanen | Norway (NOR) Oddbjørn Hagen Olaf Hoffsbakken Sverre Brodahl Bjarne Iversen | Sweden (SWE) John Berger Erik Larsson Arthur Häggblad Martin Matsbo |
| 1948 St. Moritz details | Sweden (SWE) Nils Östensson Nils Täpp Gunnar Eriksson Martin Lundström | Finland (FIN) Lauri Silvennoinen Teuvo Laukkanen Sauli Rytky August Kiuru | Norway (NOR) Erling Evensen Olav Økern Reidar Nyborg Olav Hagen |
| 1952 Oslo details | Finland (FIN) Heikki Hasu Paavo Lonkila Urpo Korhonen Tapio Mäkelä | Norway (NOR) Magnar Estenstad Mikal Kirkholt Martin Stokken Hallgeir Brenden | Sweden (SWE) Nils Täpp Sigurd Andersson Enar Josefsson Martin Lundström |
| 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo details | Soviet Union (URS) Fyodor Terentyev Pavel Kolchin Nikolay Anikin Vladimir Kuzin | Finland (FIN) August Kiuru Jorma Kortelainen Arvo Viitanen Veikko Hakulinen | Sweden (SWE) Lennart Larsson Gunnar Samuelsson Per-Erik Larsson Sixten Jernberg |
| 1960 Squaw Valley details | Finland (FIN) Toimi Alatalo Eero Mäntyranta Väinö Huhtala Veikko Hakulinen | Norway (NOR) Harald Grønningen Hallgeir Brenden Einar Østby Håkon Brusveen | Soviet Union (URS) Anatoly Shelyukhin Gennady Vaganov Alexey Kuznetsov Nikolay Anikin |
| 1964 Innsbruck details | Sweden (SWE) Karl-Åke Asph Sixten Jernberg Janne Stefansson Assar Rönnlund | Finland (FIN) Väinö Huhtala Arto Tiainen Kalevi Laurila Eero Mäntyranta | Soviet Union (URS) Ivan Utrobin Gennady Vaganov Igor Voronchikhin Pavel Kolchin |
| 1968 Grenoble details | Norway (NOR) Odd Martinsen Pål Tyldum Harald Grønningen Ole Ellefsæter | Sweden (SWE) Jan Halvarsson Bjarne Andersson Gunnar Larsson Assar Rönnlund | Finland (FIN) Kalevi Oikarainen Hannu Taipale Kalevi Laurila Eero Mäntyranta |
| 1972 Sapporo details | Soviet Union (URS) Vladimir Voronkov Yuri Skobov Fyodor Simashev Vyacheslav Vedenin | Norway (NOR) Oddvar Brå Pål Tyldum Ivar Formo Johs Harviken | Switzerland (SUI) Alfred Kälin Albert Giger Alois Kälin Eduard Hauser |
| 1976 Innsbruck details | Finland (FIN) Matti Pitkänen Juha Mieto Pertti Teurajärvi Arto Koivisto | Norway (NOR) Pål Tyldum Einar Sagstuen Ivar Formo Odd Martinsen | Soviet Union (URS) Yevgeny Belyayev Nikolay Bazhukov Sergey Savelyev Ivan Garanin |
| 1980 Lake Placid details | Soviet Union (URS) Vasily Rochev Nikolay Bazhukov Yevgeny Belyayev Nikolay Zimyatov | Norway (NOR) Lars Erik Eriksen Per Knut Aaland Ove Aunli Oddvar Brå | Finland (FIN) Harri Kirvesniemi Pertti Teurajärvi Matti Pitkänen Juha Mieto |
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Sweden (SWE) Thomas Wassberg Benny Kohlberg Jan Ottosson Gunde Svan | Soviet Union (URS) Alexander Batyuk Alexander Zavyalov Vladimir Nikitin Nikolay Zimyatov | Finland (FIN) Kari Ristanen Juha Mieto Harri Kirvesniemi Aki Karvonen |
| 1988 Calgary details | Sweden (SWE) Jan Ottosson (2) Thomas Wassberg (2) Gunde Svan (2) Torgny Mogren | Soviet Union (URS) Vladimir Smirnov Vladimir Sakhnov Mikhail Devyatyarov Alexey Prokurorov | Czechoslovakia (TCH) Radim Nyč Václav Korunka Pavel Benc Ladislav Švanda |
| 1992 Albertville details | Norway (NOR) Terje Langli Vegard Ulvang Kristen Skjeldal Bjørn Dæhlie | Italy (ITA) Giuseppe Puliè Marco Albarello Giorgio Vanzetta Silvio Fauner | Finland (FIN) Mika Kuusisto Harri Kirvesniemi Jari Räsänen Jari Isometsä |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Italy (ITA) Maurilio De Zolt Marco Albarello Giorgio Vanzetta Silvio Fauner | Norway (NOR) Sture Sivertsen Vegard Ulvang Thomas Alsgaard Bjørn Dæhlie | Finland (FIN) Mika Myllylä Harri Kirvesniemi Jari Räsänen Jari Isometsä |
| 1998 Nagano details | Norway (NOR) Sture Sivertsen Erling Jevne Bjørn Dæhlie (2) Thomas Alsgaard | Italy (ITA) Marco Albarello Fulvio Valbusa Fabio Maj Silvio Fauner | Finland (FIN) Harri Kirvesniemi Mika Myllylä Sami Repo Jari Isometsä |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Norway (NOR) Anders Aukland Frode Estil Kristen Skjeldal (2) Thomas Alsgaard (2) | Italy (ITA) Fabio Maj Giorgio Di Centa Pietro Piller Cottrer Cristian Zorzi | Germany (GER) Jens Filbrich Andreas Schlütter Tobias Angerer René Sommerfeldt |
| 2006 Turin details | Italy (ITA) Fulvio Valbusa Giorgio Di Centa Pietro Piller Cottrer Cristian Zorzi | Germany (GER) Andreas Schlütter Jens Filbrich René Sommerfeldt Tobias Angerer | Sweden (SWE) Mats Larsson Johan Olsson Anders Södergren Mathias Fredriksson |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Sweden (SWE) Daniel Rickardsson Johan Olsson Anders Södergren Marcus Hellner | Norway (NOR) Martin Johnsrud Sundby Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset Lars Berger Petter Northug | Czech Republic (CZE) Martin Jakš Lukáš Bauer Jiří Magál Martin Koukal |
| 2014 Sochi details | Sweden (SWE) Lars Nelson Daniel Rickardsson (2) Johan Olsson (2) Marcus Hellner (2) | Russia (RUS) Dmitry Yaparov Alexander Bessmertnykh Alexander Legkov Maxim Vylegzhanin | France (FRA) Jean-Marc Gaillard Maurice Manificat Robin Duvillard Ivan Perrillat Boiteux |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Norway (NOR) Didrik Tønseth Martin Johnsrud Sundby Simen Hegstad Krüger Johannes Høsflot Klæbo | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) Andrey Larkov Alexander Bolshunov Alexey Chervotkin Denis Spitsov | France (FRA) Jean-Marc Gaillard Maurice Manificat Clément Parisse Adrien Backscheider |
| 2022 Beijing details | ROC (ROC) Aleksey Chervotkin Alexander Bolshunov Denis Spitsov Sergey Ustiugov | Norway (NOR) Emil Iversen Pål Golberg Hans Christer Holund Johannes Høsflot Klæbo | France (FRA) Richard Jouve Hugo Lapalus Clément Parisse Maurice Manificat |
4x10 km classic style: 1936, 1948–1984. 4x10 km freestyle: 1988. 2x10 km classic style + 2x10 km freestyle: 1992–2018.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Sweden | 6 | 1 | 4 | 11 |
| 2 | Norway | 5 | 8 | 1 | 14 |
| 3 | Finland | 4 | 3 | 6 | 13 |
| 4 | Soviet Union | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| 5 | Italy | 2 | 3 | 0 | 5 |
| 6 | Germany | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | Olympic Athletes from Russia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Russia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 9 | France | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 10 | Czech Republic | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | Czechoslovakia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | Switzerland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 20 | 20 | 20 | 60 |

### Combined/double pursuit/Skiathlon

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 10 km classical; then 15 km freestyle ||||
| 1992 Albertville details | Bjørn Dæhlie Norway | Vegard Ulvang Norway | Giorgio Vanzetta Italy |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Bjørn Dæhlie (2) Norway | Vladimir Smirnov Kazakhstan | Silvio Fauner Italy |
| 1998 Nagano details | Thomas Alsgaard Norway | Bjørn Dæhlie Norway | Vladimir Smirnov Kazakhstan |
| 10 km classical; then 10 km freestyle ||||
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Thomas Alsgaard (2) Norway Frode Estil Norway | none awarded | Per Elofsson Sweden |
| 15 km classical; then 15 km freestyle ||||
| 2006 Turin details | Yevgeny Dementyev Russia | Frode Estil Norway | Pietro Piller Cottrer Italy |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Marcus Hellner Sweden | Tobias Angerer Germany | Johan Olsson Sweden |
| 2014 Sochi details | Dario Cologna Switzerland | Marcus Hellner Sweden | Martin Johnsrud Sundby Norway |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Simen Hegstad Krüger Norway | Martin Johnsrud Sundby Norway | Hans Christer Holund Norway |
| 2022 Beijing details | Alexander Bolshunov ROC | Denis Spitsov ROC | Iivo Niskanen Finland |
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway | 6 | 4 | 2 | 12 |
| 2 | Sweden | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 3 | ROC | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | Russia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Switzerland | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Kazakhstan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | Germany | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Italy | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 8 | Finland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 10 | 8 | 9 | 27 |

### Individual sprint

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Tor Arne Hetland Norway | Peter Schlickenrieder Germany | Cristian Zorzi Italy |
| 2006 Turin details | Björn Lind Sweden | Roddy Darragon France | Thobias Fredriksson Sweden |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Nikita Kryukov Russia | Alexander Panzhinskiy Russia | Petter Northug Norway |
| 2014 Sochi details | Ola Vigen Hattestad Norway | Teodor Peterson Sweden | Emil Jönsson Sweden |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Johannes Høsflot Klæbo Norway | Federico Pellegrino Italy | Alexander Bolshunov Olympic Athletes from Russia |
| 2022 Beijing details | Johannes Høsflot Klæbo Norway | Federico Pellegrino Italy | Alexander Terentyev ROC |
Classic style: 2010, 2018. Freestyle: 2002–2006, 2014.
Medals :
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway (NOR) | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 | Sweden (SWE) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 3 | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 5 | France (FRA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | ROC (ROC) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 8 nations | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 |

### Team sprint

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2006 Turin details | Sweden (SWE) Thobias Fredriksson Björn Lind | Norway (NOR) Jens Arne Svartedal Tor Arne Hetland | Russia (RUS) Ivan Alypov Vasily Rochev |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Norway (NOR) Øystein Pettersen Petter Northug | Germany (GER) Tim Tscharnke Axel Teichmann | Russia (RUS) Nikolay Morilov Alexey Petukhov |
| 2014 Sochi details | Finland (FIN) Iivo Niskanen Sami Jauhojärvi | Russia (RUS) Maxim Vylegzhanin Nikita Kryukov | Sweden (SWE) Emil Jönsson Teodor Peterson |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Norway (NOR) Martin Johnsrud Sundby Johannes Høsflot Klæbo | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) Denis Spitsov Alexander Bolshunov | France (FRA) Maurice Manificat Richard Jouve |
| 2022 Beijing details | Norway (NOR) Erik Valnes Johannes Høsflot Klæbo | Finland (FIN) Iivo Niskanen Joni Mäki | ROC (ROC) Alexander Bolshunov Alexander Terentyev |
Classic style: 2006, 2014, 2022. Free style: 2010, 2018.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | Finland | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Sweden | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Russia | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 5 | Germany | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Olympic Athletes from Russia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | France | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | ROC | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | | 5 | 5 | 5 | 15 |

## Women
### 10 km

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1952 Oslo details | Lydia Wideman Finland | Mirja Hietamies Finland | Siiri Rantanen Finland |
| 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo details | Lyubov Kozyreva Soviet Union | Radya Yeroshina Soviet Union | Sonja Edström Sweden |
| 1960 Squaw Valley details | Maria Gusakova Soviet Union | Lyubov Baranova Soviet Union | Radya Yeroshina Soviet Union |
| 1964 Innsbruck details | Klavdiya Boyarskikh Soviet Union | Yevdokiya Mekshilo Soviet Union | Maria Gusakova Soviet Union |
| 1968 Grenoble details | Toini Gustafsson Sweden | Berit Mørdre Norway | Inger Aufles Norway |
| 1972 Sapporo details | Galina Kulakova Soviet Union | Alevtina Olyunina Soviet Union | Marjatta Kajosmaa Finland |
| 1976 Innsbruck details | Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union | Helena Takalo Finland | Galina Kulakova Soviet Union |
| 1980 Lake Placid details | Barbara Petzold East Germany | Hilkka Riihivuori Finland | Helena Takalo Finland |
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen Finland | Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union | Brit Pettersen Norway |
| 1988 Calgary details | Vida Vencienė Soviet Union | Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union | Marjo Matikainen Finland |
| 1992–1998 | Not included in the Olympic program | Not included in the Olympic program | Not included in the Olympic program |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Bente Skari Norway | Yuliya Chepalova Russia | Stefania Belmondo Italy |
| 2006 Turin details | Kristina Šmigun Estonia | Marit Bjørgen Norway | Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen Norway |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Charlotte Kalla Sweden | Kristina Šmigun-Vähi Estonia | Marit Bjørgen Norway |
| 2014 Sochi details | Justyna Kowalczyk Poland | Charlotte Kalla Sweden | Therese Johaug Norway |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Ragnhild Haga Norway | Charlotte Kalla Sweden | Marit Bjørgen Norway Krista Pärmäkoski Finland |
| 2022 Beijing details | Therese Johaug Norway | Kerttu Niskanen Finland | Krista Pärmäkoski Finland |
Classic style: 1952–1988, 2002–2006, 2014, 2022. Freestyle: 2010, 2018.
Medals :
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Soviet Union (URS) | 6 | 6 | 3 | 15 |
| 2 | Norway (NOR) | 3 | 2 | 6 | 11 |
| 3 | Finland (FIN) | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 |
| 4 | Sweden (SWE) | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| 5 | Estonia (EST) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | East Germany (GDR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Poland (POL) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Russia (RUS) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 9 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 9 nations | 15 | 15 | 16 | 46 |

### 20 and 30 km

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 20 km ||||
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen Finland | Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union | Anne Jahren Norway |
| 1988 Calgary details | Tamara Tikhonova Soviet Union | Anfisa Reztsova Soviet Union | Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union |
| 30 km ||||
| 1992 Albertville details | Stefania Belmondo Italy | Lyubov Yegorova Unified Team | Yelena Välbe Unified Team |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Manuela Di Centa Italy | Marit Wold Norway | Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi Finland |
| 1998 Nagano details | Yuliya Chepalova Russia | Stefania Belmondo Italy | Larisa Lazutina Russia |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Gabriella Paruzzi Italy | Stefania Belmondo Italy | Bente Skari Norway |
| 2006 Turin details | Kateřina Neumannová Czech Republic | Yuliya Chepalova Russia | Justyna Kowalczyk Poland |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Justyna Kowalczyk Poland | Marit Bjørgen Norway | Aino-Kaisa Saarinen Finland |
| 2014 Sochi details | Marit Bjørgen Norway | Therese Johaug Norway | Kristin Størmer Steira Norway |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Marit Bjørgen (2) Norway | Krista Pärmäkoski Finland | Stina Nilsson Sweden |
| 2022 Beijing details | Therese Johaug Norway | Jessie Diggins United States | Kerttu Niskanen Finland |
Classic style: 1984, 1994, 2002, 2010, 2018. Freestyle: 1988–1992, 1998, 2006, 2014, 2022. Mass start: 2006–2022.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| 2 | Italy | 3 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
| 3 | Soviet Union | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 4 | Finland | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| 5 | Russia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 6 | Poland | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | Czech Republic | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Unified Team | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 9 | United States | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Sweden | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 11 | 11 | 11 | 33 |

### 3 × 5 km and 4 × 5 km relay

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 3 × 5 km relay ||||
| 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo details | Finland (FIN) Sirkka Polkunen Mirja Hietamies Siiri Rantanen | Soviet Union (URS) Lyubov Kozyreva Alevtina Kolchina Radya Yeroshina | Sweden (SWE) Irma Johansson Anna-Lisa Eriksson Sonja Edström |
| 1960 Squaw Valley details | Sweden (SWE) Irma Johansson Britt Strandberg Sonja Edström | Soviet Union (URS) Radya Yeroshina Maria Gusakova Lyubov Baranova | Finland (FIN) Siiri Rantanen Eeva Ruoppa Toini Pöysti |
| 1964 Innsbruck details | Soviet Union (URS) Alevtina Kolchina Yevdokiya Mekshilo Klavdiya Boyarskikh | Sweden (SWE) Barbro Martinsson Britt Strandberg Toini Gustafsson | Finland (FIN) Senja Pusula Toini Pöysti Mirja Lehtonen |
| 1968 Grenoble details | Norway (NOR) Inger Aufles Babben Enger Damon Berit Mørdre | Sweden (SWE) Britt Strandberg Toini Gustafsson Barbro Martinsson | Soviet Union (URS) Alevtina Kolchina Rita Achkina Galina Kulakova |
| 1972 Sapporo details | Soviet Union (URS) Lyubov Mukhachyova Alevtina Olyunina Galina Kulakova | Finland (FIN) Helena Takalo Hilkka Riihivuori Marjatta Kajosmaa | Norway (NOR) Inger Aufles Aslaug Dahl Berit Mørdre |
| 4 × 5 km relay ||||
| 1976 Innsbruck details | Soviet Union (URS) Nina Baldycheva Zinaida Amosova Raisa Smetanina Galina Kulakova | Finland (FIN) Liisa Suihkonen Marjatta Kajosmaa Hilkka Riihivuori Helena Takalo | East Germany (GDR) Monika Debertshäuser Sigrun Krause Barbara Petzold Veronika Hesse |
| 1980 Lake Placid details | East Germany (GDR) Marlies Rostock Carola Anding Veronika Hesse Barbara Petzold | Soviet Union (URS) Nina Baldycheva Nina Rocheva Galina Kulakova Raisa Smetanina | Norway (NOR) Brit Pettersen Anette Bøe Marit Myrmæl Berit Aunli |
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Norway (NOR) Inger Helene Nybråten Anne Jahren Brit Pettersen Berit Aunli | Czechoslovakia (TCH) Dagmar Švubová Blanka Paulů Gabriela Svobodová Květa Jeriová | Finland (FIN) Pirkko Määttä Eija Hyytiäinen Marjo Matikainen Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen |
| 1988 Calgary details | Soviet Union (URS) Svetlana Nageykina Nina Gavrylyuk Tamara Tikhonova Anfisa Reztsova | Norway (NOR) Trude Dybendahl Marit Wold Anne Jahren Marianne Dahlmo | Finland (FIN) Pirkko Määttä Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi Marjo Matikainen Jaana Savolainen |
| 1992 Albertville details | Unified Team (EUN) Yelena Välbe Raisa Smetanina Larisa Lazutina Lyubov Yegorova | Norway (NOR) Solveig Pedersen Inger Helene Nybråten Trude Dybendahl Elin Nilsen | Italy (ITA) Bice Vanzetta Manuela Di Centa Gabriella Paruzzi Stefania Belmondo |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Russia (RUS) Yelena Välbe (2) Larisa Lazutina Nina Gavrylyuk Lyubov Yegorova | Norway (NOR) Trude Dybendahl Inger Helene Nybråten Elin Nilsen Anita Moen | Italy (ITA) Bice Vanzetta Manuela Di Centa Gabriella Paruzzi Stefania Belmondo |
| 1998 Nagano details | Russia (RUS) Nina Gavrylyuk Olga Danilova Yelena Välbe Larisa Lazutina | Norway (NOR) Bente Martinsen Marit Mikkelsplass Elin Nilsen Anita Moen-Guidon | Italy (ITA) Karin Moroder Gabriella Paruzzi Manuela Di Centa Stefania Belmondo |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Germany (GER) Manuela Henkel Viola Bauer Claudia Künzel Evi Sachenbacher | Norway (NOR) Marit Bjørgen Bente Skari Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen Anita Moen | Switzerland (SUI) Andrea Huber Laurence Rochat Brigitte Albrecht-Loretan Natascia Leonardi Cortesi |
| 2006 Turin details | Russia (RUS) Natalya Baranova-Masalkina Larisa Kurkina Yuliya Chepalova Yevgeniya Medvedeva-Arbuzova | Germany (GER) Stefanie Böhler Viola Bauer Evi Sachenbacher-Stehle Claudia Künzel | Italy (ITA) Arianna Follis Gabriella Paruzzi Antonella Confortola Sabina Valbusa |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Norway (NOR) Vibeke Skofterud Therese Johaug Kristin Størmer Steira Marit Bjørgen | Germany (GER) Katrin Zeller Evi Sachenbacher-Stehle Miriam Gössner Claudia Nystad | Finland (FIN) Pirjo Muranen Virpi Kuitunen Riitta-Liisa Roponen Aino-Kaisa Saarinen |
| 2014 Sochi details | Sweden (SWE) Ida Ingemarsdotter Emma Wikén Anna Haag Charlotte Kalla | Finland (FIN) Anne Kyllönen Aino-Kaisa Saarinen Kerttu Niskanen Krista Lähteenmäki | Germany (GER) Nicole Fessel Stefanie Böhler Claudia Nystad Denise Herrmann |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Norway (NOR) Ingvild Flugstad Østberg Astrid Uhrenholdt Jacobsen Ragnhild Haga Marit Bjørgen | Sweden (SWE) Anna Haag Charlotte Kalla Ebba Andersson Stina Nilsson | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) Natalya Nepryayeva Yuliya Belorukova Anastasia Sedova Anna Nechaevskaya |
| 2022 Beijing details | ROC (ROC) Yuliya Stupak Natalya Nepryayeva Tatiana Sorina Veronika Stepanova | Germany (GER) Katherine Sauerbrey Katharina Hennig Victoria Carl Sofie Krehl | Sweden (SWE) Maja Dahlqvist Ebba Andersson Frida Karlsson Jonna Sundling |
3 × 5 km classic style: 1956–1972. 4 x 5 km classic style: 1976–1984. 4 × 5 km freestyle: 1988. 2 × 5 km classic style + 2 × 5 km freestyle: 1992–2022.
Medals :
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway (NOR) | 4 | 5 | 2 | 11 |
| 2 | Soviet Union (URS) | 4 | 3 | 1 | 8 |
| 3 | Russia (RUS) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | Sweden (SWE) | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
| 5 | Finland (FIN) | 1 | 3 | 5 | 9 |
| 6 | Germany (GER) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 7 | East Germany (GDR) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | ROC (ROC) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Unified Team (EUN) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 11 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 12 | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 12 | Switzerland (SUI) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 13 nations | 18 | 18 | 18 | 56 |

### Combined/double pursuit/Skiathlon

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 5 km classical; then 10 km freestyle ||||
| 1992 Albertville details | Lyubov Yegorova Unified Team | Stefania Belmondo Italy | Yelena Välbe Unified Team |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Lyubov Yegorova (2) Russia | Manuela Di Centa Italy | Stefania Belmondo Italy |
| 1998 Nagano details | Larisa Lazutina Russia | Olga Danilova Russia | Kateřina Neumannová Czech Republic |
| 5 km classical; then 5 km freestyle ||||
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Beckie Scott Canada | Kateřina Neumannová Czech Republic | Viola Bauer Germany |
| 7.5 km classical; then 7.5 km freestyle ||||
| 2006 Turin details | Kristina Šmigun Estonia | Kateřina Neumannová Czech Republic | Yevgeniya Medvedeva-Arbuzova Russia |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Marit Bjørgen Norway | Anna Haag Sweden | Justyna Kowalczyk Poland |
| 2014 Sochi details | Marit Bjørgen (2) Norway | Charlotte Kalla Sweden | Heidi Weng Norway |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Charlotte Kalla Sweden | Marit Bjørgen Norway | Krista Pärmäkoski Finland |
| 2022 Beijing details | Therese Johaug Norway | Natalya Nepryayeva ROC | Teresa Stadlober Austria |
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 1 | Russia | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | Sweden | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | Unified Team | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Canada | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Estonia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Czech Republic | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 7 | Italy | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 9 | Finland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 9 | Germany | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 9 | Poland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |

### Individual sprint

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Yuliya Chepalova Russia | Evi Sachenbacher Germany | Anita Moen Norway |
| 2006 Turin details | Chandra Crawford Canada | Claudia Künzel Germany | Alyona Sidko Russia |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Marit Bjørgen Norway | Justyna Kowalczyk Poland | Petra Majdič Slovenia |
| 2014 Sochi details | Maiken Caspersen Falla Norway | Ingvild Flugstad Østberg Norway | Vesna Fabjan Slovenia |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | Stina Nilsson Sweden | Maiken Caspersen Falla Norway | Yuliya Belorukova Olympic Athletes from Russia |
| 2022 Beijing details | Jonna Sundling Sweden | Maja Dahlqvist Sweden | Jessie Diggins United States |
Classic style: 2010, 2018. Freestyle: 2002–2006, 2014.
Medals :
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway (NOR) | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 | Sweden (SWE) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | Russia (RUS) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Canada (CAN) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | Poland (POL) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Slovenia (SLO) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 8 | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | United States (USA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 9 nations | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 |

### Team sprint

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2006 Turin details | Sweden (SWE) Anna Dahlberg Lina Andersson | Canada (CAN) Sara Renner Beckie Scott | Finland (FIN) Aino-Kaisa Saarinen Virpi Kuitunen |
| 2010 Vancouver details | Germany (GER) Evi Sachenbacher-Stehle Claudia Nystad | Sweden (SWE) Charlotte Kalla Anna Haag | Russia (RUS) Irina Khazova Natalya Korostelyova |
| 2014 Sochi details | Norway (NOR) Ingvild Flugstad Østberg Marit Bjørgen | Finland (FIN) Aino-Kaisa Saarinen Kerttu Niskanen | Sweden (SWE) Ida Ingemarsdotter Stina Nilsson |
| 2018 Pyeongchang details | United States (USA) Kikkan Randall Jessie Diggins | Sweden (SWE) Charlotte Kalla Stina Nilsson | Norway (NOR) Marit Bjørgen Maiken Caspersen Falla |
| 2022 Beijing details | Germany (GER) Katharina Hennig Victoria Carl | Sweden (SWE) Maja Dahlqvist Jonna Sundling | ROC (ROC) Yuliya Stupak Natalya Nepryayeva |
Classic style: 2006, 2014, 2022. Freestyle: 2010, 2018.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Germany | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Sweden | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 3 | Norway | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | United States | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Finland | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | Canada | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | ROC | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | Russia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 8 Nations | 5 | 5 | 5 | 15 |

## Discontinued
### Men's 10 km

This event ran from 1992 to 1998 to replace the 15 km event before it was replaced again by the 15 km event for the 2002 Winter Olympics.
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1992 Albertville details | Vegard Ulvang Norway | Marco Albarello Italy | Christer Majbäck Sweden |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Bjørn Dæhlie Norway | Vladimir Smirnov Kazakhstan | Marco Albarello Italy |
| 1998 Nagano details | Bjørn Dæhlie (2) Norway | Markus Gandler Austria | Mika Myllylä Finland |
Classic style: 1992–1998.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | Italy | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Austria | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 3 | Kazakhstan | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Finland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | Sweden | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |

### Men's 30 km

This event ran from 1956 to 2002 and was replaced by a 30 km skiathlon (15 km classical + 15 km freestyle) for the 2006 Winter Olympics.
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo details | Veikko Hakulinen Finland | Sixten Jernberg Sweden | Pavel Kolchin Soviet Union |
| 1960 Squaw Valley details | Sixten Jernberg Sweden | Rolf Rämgård Sweden | Nikolay Anikin Soviet Union |
| 1964 Innsbruck details | Eero Mäntyranta Finland | Harald Grønningen Norway | Igor Voronchikhin Soviet Union |
| 1968 Grenoble details | Franco Nones Italy | Odd Martinsen Norway | Eero Mäntyranta Finland |
| 1972 Sapporo details | Vyacheslav Vedenin Soviet Union | Pål Tyldum Norway | Johs Harviken Norway |
| 1976 Innsbruck details | Sergey Savelyev Soviet Union | Bill Koch United States | Ivan Garanin Soviet Union |
| 1980 Lake Placid details | Nikolay Zimyatov Soviet Union | Vasily Rochev Soviet Union | Ivan Lebanov Bulgaria |
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Nikolay Zimyatov (2) Soviet Union | Alexander Zavyalov Soviet Union | Gunde Svan Sweden |
| 1988 Calgary details | Alexey Prokurorov Soviet Union | Vladimir Smirnov Soviet Union | Vegard Ulvang Norway |
| 1992 Albertville details | Vegard Ulvang Norway | Bjørn Dæhlie Norway | Terje Langli Norway |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Thomas Alsgaard Norway | Bjørn Dæhlie Norway | Mika Myllylä Finland |
| 1998 Nagano details | Mika Myllylä Finland | Erling Jevne Norway | Silvio Fauner Italy |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Christian Hoffmann Austria | Mikhail Botvinov Austria | Kristen Skjeldal Norway |
Classic style: 1956–1992, 1998. Freestyle: 1994, 2002. Mass start: 2002.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Soviet Union | 5 | 3 | 4 | 12 |
| 2 | Finland | 3 | 0 | 2 | 5 |
| 3 | Norway | 2 | 6 | 4 | 12 |
| 4 | Sweden | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 5 | Austria | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | Italy | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | United States | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | Bulgaria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 13 | 13 | 13 | 39 |

### Women's 5 km

The 5 km event ran from 1964 to 1998 before being replaced by the 10 km event, which was being reintroduced after the 10 km had been discontinued following the 1988 Winter Olympics.
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1964 Innsbruck details | Klavdiya Boyarskikh Soviet Union | Mirja Lehtonen Finland | Alevtina Kolchina Soviet Union |
| 1968 Grenoble details | Toini Gustafsson Sweden | Galina Kulakova Soviet Union | Alevtina Kolchina Soviet Union |
| 1972 Sapporo details | Galina Kulakova Soviet Union | Marjatta Kajosmaa Finland | Helena Šikolová Czechoslovakia |
| 1976 Innsbruck details | Helena Takalo Finland | Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union | Nina Baldycheva Soviet Union |
| 1980 Lake Placid details | Raisa Smetanina Soviet Union | Hilkka Riihivuori Finland | Květa Jeriová Czechoslovakia |
| 1984 Sarajevo details | Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen Finland | Berit Aunli Norway | Květa Jeriová Czechoslovakia |
| 1988 Calgary details | Marjo Matikainen Finland | Tamara Tikhonova Soviet Union | Vida Vencienė Soviet Union |
| 1992 Albertville details | Marjut Lukkarinen Finland | Lyubov Yegorova Unified Team | Yelena Välbe Unified Team |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Lyubov Yegorova Russia | Manuela Di Centa Italy | Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi Finland |
| 1998 Nagano details | Larisa Lazutina Russia | Kateřina Neumannová Czech Republic | Bente Martinsen Norway |
Classic style: 1964–1998.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Finland | 4 | 3 | 1 | 8 |
| 2 | Soviet Union | 3 | 3 | 4 | 10 |
| 3 | Russia | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | Sweden | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Norway | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Unified Team | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | Czech Republic | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Italy | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 9 | Czechoslovakia | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| Total | Total | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |

### Women's 15 km

This event ran from 1992 to 2002 and was replaced by a 15 km skiathlon (7.5 km classical + 7.5 km freestyle) for the 2006 Winter Olympics.
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1992 Albertville details | Lyubov Yegorova Unified Team | Marjut Lukkarinen Finland | Yelena Välbe Unified Team |
| 1994 Lillehammer details | Manuela Di Centa Italy | Lyubov Yegorova Russia | Nina Gavrylyuk Russia |
| 1998 Nagano details | Olga Danilova Russia | Larisa Lazutina Russia | Anita Moen-Guidon Norway |
| 2002 Salt Lake City details | Stefania Belmondo Italy | Kateřina Neumannová Czech Republic | Yuliya Chepalova Russia |
Classic style: 1992, 1998. Freestyle: 1994, 2002. Mass start: 2002.
* Medals:
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Italy | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Russia | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
| 3 | Unified Team | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Czech Republic | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Finland | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Norway | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |

## Statistics
### Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Norway | 52 | 43 | 34 | 129 |
| 2 | Sweden | 32 | 27 | 25 | 84 |
| 3 | Soviet Union | 25 | 22 | 21 | 68 |
| 4 | Finland | 22 | 27 | 37 | 86 |
| 5 | Russia | 14 | 10 | 9 | 33 |
| 6 | Italy | 9 | 14 | 13 | 36 |
| 7 | ROC | 4 | 4 | 3 | 11 |
| 8 | Estonia | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 |
| 9 | Switzerland | 4 | 0 | 4 | 8 |
| 10 | Germany | 3 | 10 | 4 | 17 |
| 11 | Unified Team | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 |
| 12 | Poland | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 13 | East Germany | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 14 | Canada | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 15 | Czech Republic | 1 | 5 | 3 | 9 |
| 16 | Austria | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 17 | Kazakhstan | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 17 | United States | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 19 | Olympic Athletes from Russia | 0 | 3 | 5 | 8 |
| 20 | Czechoslovakia | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 20 | France | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 22 | Slovenia | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 23 | Bulgaria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (23 entries) | Totals (23 entries) | 182 | 180 | 182 | 544 |

### Cross-country skier medal leaders
#### Men

| Cross-country skier | Nation | Olympics * | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Bjørn Dæhlie | Norway (NOR) | 1992–1998 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 12 |
| Sixten Jernberg | Sweden (SWE) | 1956–1964 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 9 |
| Alexander Bolshunov | Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) ROC (ROC) | 2018–2022 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 9 |
| Veikko Hakulinen | Finland (FIN) | 1952–1960 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 |
| Eero Mäntyranta | Finland (FIN) | 1960–1972 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
| Vladimir Smirnov | Soviet Union (URS) Unified Team (EUN) Kazakhstan (KAZ) | 1988–1998 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 7 |
| Johannes Høsflot Klæbo | Norway (NOR) | 2018–2022 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Thomas Alsgaard | Norway (NOR) | 1994–2002 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 6 |
| Gunde Svan | Sweden (SWE) | 1984–1988 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Vegard Ulvang | Norway (NOR) | 1988–1994 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
| Johan Olsson | Sweden (SWE) | 2006–2014 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| Mika Myllylä | Finland (FIN) | 1992–1998 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
| Harri Kirvesniemi | Finland (FIN) | 1980–1998 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 |

#### Women

| Cross-country skier | Nation | Olympics * | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Marit Bjørgen | Norway (NOR) | 2002–2018 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 15 |
| Raisa Smetanina | Soviet Union (URS) Unified Team (EUN) | 1976–1992 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| Stefania Belmondo | Italy (ITA) | 1988–2002 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 10 |
| Lyubov Yegorova | Unified Team (EUN) Russia (RUS) | 1992–1994, 2002 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 9 |
| Charlotte Kalla | Sweden (SWE) | 2010–2022 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 9 |
| Galina Kulakova | Soviet Union (URS) | 1968–1980 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| Larisa Lazutina | Unified Team (EUN) Russia (RUS) | 1992–2002 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi (Hämäläinen) | Finland (FIN) | 1976–1994 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 7 |
| Yelena Välbe | Unified Team (EUN) Russia (RUS) | 1992–1998 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 7 |
| Manuela Di Centa | Italy (ITA) | 1984–1998 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
* denotes all Olympics in which mentioned cross-country skiers took part. Boldface denotes latest Olympics.

### Cross-country skiers with most victories

Top 10 cross-country skiers who won more gold medals at the Winter Olympics are listed below. Boldface denotes active cross-country skiers and highest medal count among all cross-country skiers (including these who not included in these tables) per type.

#### Men

| Rank | Cross-country skier | Country | From * | To * | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Bjørn Dæhlie | Norway | 1992 | 1998 | 8 | 4 | - | 12 |
| 2 | Johannes Høsflot Klæbo | Norway | 2018 | 2022 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | Thomas Alsgaard | Norway | 1994 | 2002 | 5 | 1 | - | 6 |
| 4 | Sixten Jernberg | Sweden | 1956 | 1964 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 9 |
| 5 | Gunde Svan | Sweden | 1984 | 1988 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 6 | Nikolay Zimyatov | Soviet Union | 1980 | 1984 | 4 | 1 | - | 5 |
| 7 | Dario Cologna | Switzerland | 2010 | 2018 | 4 | - | - | 4 |
| 7 | Thomas Wassberg | Sweden | 1980 | 1988 | 4 | - | - | 4 |
| 9 | Alexander Bolshunov | Olympic Athletes from Russia ROC | 2018 | 2022 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 9 |
| 10 | Veikko Hakulinen | Finland | 1952 | 1960 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 |

#### Women

| Rank | Cross-country skier | Country | From * | To * | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Marit Bjørgen | Norway | 2002 | 2018 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 15 |
| 2 | Lyubov Yegorova | Unified Team Russia | 1992 | 1994 | 6 | 3 | - | 9 |
| 3 | Larisa Lazutina | Unified Team Russia | 1992 | 1998 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| 4 | Raisa Smetanina | Soviet Union Unified Team | 1976 | 1992 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 10 |
| 5 | Galina Kulakova | Soviet Union | 1968 | 1980 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 6 | Therese Johaug | Norway | 2010 | 2022 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 7 | Charlotte Kalla | Sweden | 2010 | 2018 | 3 | 6 | - | 9 |
| 8 | Yuliya Chepalova | Russia | 1998 | 2006 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
| 9 | Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi (Hämäläinen) | Finland | 1984 | 1994 | 3 | - | 4 | 7 |
| 9 | Yelena Välbe | Unified Team Russia | 1992 | 1998 | 3 | - | 4 | 7 |
* denotes only those Olympics at which mentioned skiers won at least one medal

### Medals per year

| NOC did not exist or did not participate in cross-country skiing events | # | Number of medals won by the NOC | – | NOC did not win any medals |
* bolded numbers indicate the highest medal count at that year's Olympic Games.
| Country | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 94 | 98 | 02 | 06 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | Total |
| Austria (AUT) | | – | – | – | – | – | – | | – | – | – | – | | – | – | – | – | 2 | 2 | 1 | – | – | – | 1 | 6 |
| Bulgaria (BUL) | | | | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 |
| Canada (CAN) | | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 2 | – | – | – | – | 3 |
| Czech Republic (CZE) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | – | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | – | – | – | 9 |
| Czechoslovakia (TCH) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 2 | 1 | – | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| East Germany (GDR) | | | | | | | | | | – | – | 2 | 2 | – | – | | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| Estonia (EST) | | | | – | | | | | | | | | | | | – | – | – | 3 | 3 | 1 | – | – | – | 7 |
| Finland (FIN) | 1 | – | 3 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 | – | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 86 |
| France (FRA) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| Germany (GER) | | – | | – | | – | | | | | | | | | | – | – | – | 5 | 4 | 5 | 1 | – | 2 | 17 |
| Italy (ITA) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 8 | 9 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 1 | – | 1 | 1 | 36 |
| Kazakhstan (KAZ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4 |
| Norway (NOR) | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 9 | 11 | 14 | 8 | 129 |
| Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 8 | | 8 |
| Poland (POL) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | | – | – | – | – | 1 | 3 | 1 | – | – | 5 |
| ROC (ROC) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11 | 11 |
| Russia (RUS) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 5 | | | 33 |
| Slovenia (SLO) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | – | | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | – | 2 |
| Soviet Union (URS) | | | | | | | 7 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 13 | | | | | | | | | | 68 |
| Sweden (SWE) | – | 3 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | – | 1 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 84 |
| Switzerland (SUI) | – | – | | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 2 | 1 | – | 8 |
| Unified Team (EUN) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 9 | | | | | | | | | 9 |
| United States (USA) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| Year | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 94 | 98 | 02 | 06 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 22 | – |

### Medal sweep events

These are the podium sweeps; events in which athletes from one NOC won all three medals.
| Games | Event | NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1924 Chamonix | Men's 50 Kilometers * | Norway (NOR) | Thorleif Haug | Thoralf Strømstad | Johan Grøttumsbråten |
| 1928 St. Moritz | Men's 50 Kilometers | Sweden (SWE) | Per-Erik Hedlund | Gustaf Jonsson | Volger Andersson |
| 1928 St. Moritz | Men's 18 Kilometers | Norway (NOR) | Johan Grøttumsbråten | Ole Hegge | Reidar Ødegaard |
| 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen | Men's 50 Kilometers * | Sweden (SWE) | Elis Wiklund | Axel Wikström | Nils-Joel Englund |
| 1948 St. Moritz | Men's 18 Kilometers | Sweden (SWE) | Martin Lundström | Nils Östensson | Gunnar Eriksson |
| 1952 Oslo | Women's 10 Kilometers | Finland (FIN) | Lydia Wideman | Mirja Hietamies | Siiri Rantanen |
| 1960 Squaw Valley | Women's 10 Kilometers * | Soviet Union (URS) | Maria Gusakova | Lyubov Baranova | Radya Yeroshina |
| 1964 Innsbruck | Women's 10 Kilometers | Soviet Union (URS) | Klavdiya Boyarskikh | Yevdokiya Mekshilo | Maria Gusakova |
| 1988 Calgary | Women's 20 Kilometers | Soviet Union (URS) | Tamara Tikhonova | Anfisa Reztsova | Raisa Smetanina |
| 1992 Albertville | Men's 30 Kilometers | Norway (NOR) | Vegard Ulvang | Bjørn Dæhlie | Terje Langli |
| 2014 Sochi | Women's 30 Kilometers | Norway (NOR) | Marit Bjørgen | Therese Johaug | Kristin Størmer Steira |
| 2014 Sochi | Men's 50 Kilometers | Russia (RUS) | Alexander Legkov | Maxim Vylegzhanin | Ilia Chernousov |
| 2018 Pyeongchang | Men's 30 Kilometers skiathlon | Norway (NOR) | Simen Hegstad Krüger | Martin Johnsrud Sundby | Hans Christer Holund |
* $^*$ In addition to sweeping the podium, the country also had the fourth-place finisher.

### Multiple medals at one Olympic Games – men

* 5 medals:
** out of 6 possible:
*** 2022 Alexander Bolshunov
* 4 medals:
** out of 4 possible:
*** 1984 Gunde Svan
*** 1956 Sixten Jernberg
** out of 5 possible:
*** 1992 Vegard Ulvang
*** 1992 Bjørn Dæhlie
*** 1998 Bjørn Dæhlie
*** 1994 Bjørn Dæhlie
** out of 6 possible:
*** 2010 Petter Northug
*** 2022 Johannes Høsflot Klæbo
*** 2018 Alexander Bolshunov
* 3 medals:
** out of 3 possible: none
** out of 4 possible:
*** 1980 Nikolay Zimyatov
*** 1964 Eero Mäntyranta
*** 1964 Sixten Jernberg
*** 1972 Vyacheslav Vedenin
*** 1956 Veikko Hakulinen
*** 1972 Pål Tyldum
*** 1960 Veikko Hakulinen
*** 1956 Pavel Kolchin
*** 1980 Juha Mieto
*** 1988 Vladimir Smirnov
*** 1968 Eero Mäntyranta
*** 1984 Aki Karvonen
* 2 medals out of 2 possible:
** 1924 Thorleif Haug (+ in Nordic Combined)
** 1928 Johan Grøttumsbråten (one Gold in Cross Country + one in Nordic Combined)
** 1932 Veli Saarinen
** 1924 Johan Grøttumsbråten (+ in Nordic Combined)

### Multiple medals at one Olympic Games – women

* 5 medals:
** out of 5 possible:
*** 1992 Lyubov Yegorova
*** 1988 Larisa Lazutina
*** 1994 Manuela Di Centa
*** 1992 Yelena Välbe
** out of 6 possible:
*** 2010 Marit Bjørgen
*** 2018 Marit Bjørgen (one shared)
* 4 medals:
** out of 4 possible:
*** 1984 Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi
** out of 5 possible:
*** 1994 Lyubov Yegorova
** out of 6 possible:
*** 2018 Charlotte Kalla
*** 2018 Stina Nilsson
* 3 medals:
** out of 3 possible:
*** 1964 Klavdiya Boyarskikh
*** 1972 Galina Kulakova
*** 1968 Toini Gustafsson
*** 1976 Raisa Smetanina
*** 1976 Helena Takalo
*** 1972 Marjatta Kajosmaa
** out of 4 possible:
*** 1988 Tamara Tikhonova
*** 1988 Marjo Matikainen
* 2 medals out of 2 possible:
** 1956 Lyubov Kozyreva
** 1960 Maria Gusakova
** 1956 Radya Yeroshina
** 1960 Lyubov Baranova
** 1960 Radya Yeroshina
** 1956 Sonja Edström