OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dashti-ye Esmail Khani Rural District

Dashti-ye Esmail Khani Rural District (Persian: دهستان دشتي اسماعيل خاني) is in Ab Pakhsh District of Dashtestan County, Bushehr province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Dashti-ye Esmail Khani.

## History

In 2009, Darvahi Rural District and the city of Ab Pakhsh were separated from Shabankareh District in the establishment of Ab Pakhsh District, and Dashti-ye Esmail Khani Rural District was created in the new district.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2011 census, the rural district's population was 1,058 inhabitants in 257 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 1,008 in 297 households. The most populous of its nine villages was Dashti-ye Esmail Khani, with 546 people.
Other villages in the rural district include Basri and Bonar-e Soleymani.
# Dehana

Dehana (Amharic: ደኸና, “Poor Come Here”) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It is named for one of the five clans of the Agaw. Part of the Wag Hemra Zone, Dehana is bordered on the south by the Semien (North) Wollo Zone, on the west by the Tekezé River which separates it from the Debub (South) Gondar Zone and the Semien (North) Gondar Zone, on the north by Zikuala, on the northeast by Soqota, and on the east by Gazbibla. The Gazbibla woreda was separated from Dehana.
The major town in Dehana is Amde Werq.

## History

The Orthodox Tewahedo saint Iyasus Mo'a was born in "Dehana," which may have been this woreda, although G.W.B. Huntingford identifies it with Dahna, a village 15 miles east of the Tekeze River.
The Battle of Qwila, where Wagshum Gobeze defeated and killed his rival Tiso Gobeze of Welkait in late 1867, was fought in this woreda.

## Demographics

Based on the 2007 national census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this woreda has a total population of 109,725, an increase of 13.67% over the 1994 census, of whom 54,658 are men and 55,067 women; 4,207 or 3.83% are urban inhabitants. With an area of 1,643.07 square kilometers, Dehana has a population density of 66.78, which is greater than the Zone average of 47.15 persons per square kilometer. A total of 26,436 households were counted in this woreda, resulting in an average of 4.15 persons to a household, and 25,520 housing units. The majority of the inhabitants practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 99.72% reporting that as their religion.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 96,526 in 23,987 households, of whom 48,613 were men and 47,913 were women; 2,084 or 2.16% of its population were urban dwellers. The two largest ethnic groups reported in Soqota were the Amhara (98.74%), and the Agaw/Kamyr (1.11%); all other ethnic groups made up 0.15% of the population. Amharic was spoken as a first language by 99.16%. The majority of the inhabitants practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 99.8% reporting that as their religion.
# Polladras

Polladras is a hamlet in the civil parish of Breage, in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated one mile south of Godolphin Cross and three miles (5 km) northwest of Helston; it is northeast of Tregonning Hill.
Polladras is a group of settlements along two rural roads, inhabited by families and retired people. It includes a campsite at Lower Polladras and a care home.
# 'Apepi

'Apepi was a ruler of some part of Lower Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c. 1650 BC. According to the egyptologists Kim Ryholt and Darrell Baker, 'Apepi was the fifty-first ruler of the 14th Dynasty. As such he would have ruled from Avaris over the eastern Nile Delta and possibly over the Western Delta as well. Alternatively, Jürgen von Beckerath sees 'Apepi as a member of the late 16th Dynasty and a vassal of the Hyksos rulers of the 15th Dynasty.

## Attestation

'Apepi's only secure attestation is the Turin canon, a king list redacted in the Ramesside period. 'Apepi is listed on a fragment of the document corresponding to column 10, row 15 (column 9 row 16 as per Alan H. Gardiner's reconstruction of the Turin canon). The chronological position of 'Apepi cannot be ascertained beyond doubt due to the fragile and fragmentary state of the canon. Furthermore, the document preserves only the beginning of 'Apepi's prenomen as "'Ap[...]". which, Ryholt argues, may be restored to "'Apepi".

## King's son Apophis

Ryholt's reconstruction of the name of 'Apepi is significant because five scarab seals inscribed with "King's son Apophis" are known. On two of these seals the inscription is furthermore enclosed in a cartouche and followed by di-ˁnḫ meaning "given life". These two attributes are normally reserved to kings or designated heirs to the throne and 'Apepi could be the Apophis referred to on the seals. Tentatively confirming this attribution, Ryholt notes that both scarabs can be dated on stylistic grounds to the 14th Dynasty, between the reigns of Sheshi and Yaqub-Har.
# Investigação Criminal

Investigação Criminal (English: Criminal Investigation) is a Brazilian true crime documentary television series that follows testimonials from police investigations of some of Brazil's most shocking crimes.

## Episodes
### Season 1 (2012)

| No. | Title | Directed by |
| 1 | "Isabella Nardoni" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 2 | "Caso Richthofen" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 3 | "Caso Mércia Nakashima" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 4 | "Glauco Villas Boas" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 5 | "Farah Jorge Farah" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 6 | "Crime da Oscar Freire" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 7 | "Caso Ives Ota" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 8 | "Maníaco do Parque" | Beto Ribeiro |

### Season 2 (2013)

| No. | Title | Directed by |
| 1 | "Bianca Consoli" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 2 | "Humberto Magalhães" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 3 | "Eugênio Chipkevitch" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 4 | "Champinha" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 5 | "Caso de Bragança Paulista" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 6 | "Caso dos Irmãos Asfixiados" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 7 | "Gil Rugai" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 8 | "Monstro de Rio Claro" | Beto Ribeiro |

### Season 3 (2014)

| No. | Title | Directed by |
| 1 | "Mônica El Khouri" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 2 | "Avó e Neto" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 3 | "Irmãs Yoshifusa" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 4 | "Aparício Basílio" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 5 | "Victor Deppman" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 6 | "Atirador do Shopping" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 7 | "Serial Killer de Itaquaquecetuba" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 8 | "Magda Roncati" | Beto Ribeiro |

### Season 4 (2015)

| No. | Title | Directed by |
| 1 | "João Hélio" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 2 | "Casal de Idosos" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 3 | "Janken" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 4 | "Médico Dárcio" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 5 | "Maestro Mario Luiz Borin" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 6 | "Governador do Acre" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 7 | "Maria Tatiana" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 8 | "Maníaco de Ribeirão Pires" | Beto Ribeiro |

### Season 5 (2016)

| No. | Title | Directed by |
| 1 | "Eloá Cristina" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 2 | "Débora Regina" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 3 | "Maiara e Nicole" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 4 | "Serial Killer de Prostitutas" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 5 | "Francês" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 6 | "Celso Mazzieri" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 7 | "Maníaco da Cantareira" | Beto Ribeiro |
| 8 | "Natália Moralo" | Beto Ribeiro |

## Release

Investigação Criminal began airing on December 4, 2012, on A&E in Brazil. On 2018, the series has been licensed to Netflix.
# Isak Jensen

Isak Steiner Jensen (born 23 December 2003) is a Danish professional footballer who plays for Viborg FF as a left winger.

## Career
### SønderjyskE

Jensen played for Næsby and OB before he joined SønderjyskE.
Jensen was already training continuously with the first-team squad at age 16 and on 20 November 2020, he signed a three-year contract with the club. 17-year old Jensen got his official debut for SønderjyskE against Fremad Amager in a Danish Cup game. This was his only appearance in the 2020-21 season.
In the 2021-22 season, he got his debut in the Danish Superliga age 17 in a match against Randers FC on 8 August 2021.

### St. Louis City

On 11 July 2022 it was confirmed, that Jensen had been sold to American MLS side St. Louis City, who would begin play in the 2023 season, with the player signing a deal until the end of 2026, with an option for one further year.

### Viborg FF

On 30 August 2023, Danish Superliga club Viborg FF confirmed that they had loaned Isaksen from St. Louis City for the 2023–24 season, with an option to buy at the end of the loan. The loan moved proved to be successful as he scored seven goals from 27 appearances for the club, playing a key role in their late-season success. His first goal for the club came on 1 October, as Viborg defeated AGF 2–1.
On 25 May 2024, it was confirmed by Viborg that they had decided to exercise their option to purchase Jensen. He signed a three-year contract with the club.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 2 March 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| SønderjyskE | 2020–21 | Danish Superliga | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| SønderjyskE | 2021–22 | Danish Superliga | 19 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — | 23 | 0 |
| SønderjyskE | Total | Total | 19 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 0 |
| St. Louis City 2 | 2022 | MLS Next Pro | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 7 | 0 |
| St. Louis City 2 | 2023 | MLS Next Pro | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 8 | 1 |
| St. Louis City 2 | Total | Total | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 1 |
| St. Louis City | 2023 | MLS | 11 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| Viborg (loan) | 2023–24 | Danish Superliga | 25 | 7 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 27 | 7 |
| Viborg | 2024–25 | Danish Superliga | 19 | 5 | 4 | 2 | — | — | 23 | 7 |
| Career Total | Career Total | Career Total | 89 | 13 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 102 | 11 |
* ↑ Includes Danish Cup, US Open Cup
# Blow (Red Lorry Yellow Lorry album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
| Hi-Fi News & Record Review | B:1/2 |
| Rolling Stone | link |
Blow is the fourth studio album by British rock band Red Lorry Yellow Lorry, released in 1989, and their last LP on the Beggars Banquet offshoot label, Situation Two, in the UK. In the US it was released by Beggars Banquet/RCA.
The album was a slight change in direction for the band. While it still had the band's customary swirling rush of guitars, pounding drums, loud bass and Chris Reed's deep growling vocals, the songs were a little slower, with stronger, more conventional melodies sweetened by occasional female backing vocals. Reed's lyrics were less downbeat, almost optimistic. As critics noted, overall Blow is a warmer album than the band's previous, somewhat dour offerings; the Lorries left their specious gothic rock trappings behind for good. Chicago Tribune noted: "There is a strong pop element in the songs` melodies and structures, a danceable energy in faster numbers and some crisp, ringing guitar work in slower tunes. The material, including Reed's flat, low vocals, is still moody, but there is a separation between instruments-and between instruments and vocals-that steers the proceedings well clear of anything that could be labeled wall-of-gloom." Trouser Press agreed, stating that "Blow takes the band a giant step forward in terms of melodicism and diversity of sound. Staying clear of the old monochromatic wall of noise, the production gives them plenty of punch and much more warmth..." The change may have resulted in better reviews but the sales were not impressive; Beggars Banquet dropped the band the following year.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Chris Reed, Dave Wolfenden, Leon Phillips, and "Chill" Chillington, except when noted

## Personnel

Red Lorry Yellow Lorry:
* Chris Reed - vocals, guitar, keyboards
* David "Wolfie" Wolfenden - guitar
* Leon Phillips - bass guitar, keyboards
* "Chill" Chillington - drums, percussion, keyboards
with:
* Jilly Myhill - backing vocals (1-3)
* Steve Hagarth - keyboards (5)
* Dick Adland - drums (5-6)
* Tim Lewis - keyboards (8)
# Osman Ali Baig

Mirza Osman Ali Baig, MBE (Urdu: مرزا عثمان علی بیگ, 9 January 1904 – 1992) was a Pakistani diplomat and cavalry officer in the colonial Indian Political Service.

## Biography

Mirza Osman Ali Baig was born in Bombay on 9 January 1904, the son of Sir Mirza Abbas Ali Baig, KCIE, CSI (1859-1932) and was educated at Clifton College, Bristol and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.
He was commissioned onto the Unattached List for the Indian Army as a second lieutenant in January 1924, spent a year attached to a British Army regiment in India and then joined the Indian Army in March 1925. He served with the 7th Light Cavalry until December 1930, when he was appointed to the Indian Political Service (IPS). With the IPS he served in Sibi, Zhob, Mekran and Peshawar in the North West Frontier Province (NWFP). He saw extensive combat during World War II as part of the British Indian Army in several different campaigns in Europe and Burma.
In January 1941, as City Magistrate, Peshawar, North West Frontier Province he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire.

## Roles

In May 1943 he was appointed consul for the Portuguese Possessions in India at Nova Goa, and then as consul for the French Establishments in India at Pondicherry. Subsequently he served in the following roles:
* First Secretary to the Agent-General in India for the USA 1946,
* Counsellor Pakistan Embassy at Washington DC 1947-1949 (Chargé d'Affaires ad interim 1947),
* Acting High Commissioner for Pakistan in Canada 1949,
* Minister in the Pakistan Embassy to the USA, Washington DC 1950-1951,
* Foreign Secretary, Karachi 1951-1952,
* High Commissioner to Canada 1953-1958,
* Secretary-General CENTO 1 January 1959 – 31 December 1961.

## Personal life

He married Juliette Jamil (1911-2003), an English woman. He had a younger brother, Mirza Rashid Ali Baig (1905-1979) who was a diplomat for India post Independence.
He died February 1992 in London.
# Paula Devine

Paula Devine is a former educator and politician from California, United States. Devine is a former mayor and member of the Glendale City Council in Glendale, California.

## Education

Devine earned a master's degree in education administration from California State University, Los Angeles.

## Career

Devine is a former teacher and coach at San Gabriel High School.
She is a former guest lecturer in Women's Studies Program at Glendale Community College.
On June 3, 2014, Devine won the special election and became a member of city council in Glendale, California. She received 33.69% of the votes. Devine replaced Frank Quintero, who was appointed to replace Rafi Manoukian, who was elected as the city treasurer.
In 2015, as an incumbent, Devine won the election and continued serving as a member of the city council for Glendale.
In April 2016, she became the mayor of Glendale until April 2017.

## Awards

* 2013 Woman of the Year. Presented by Adam Schiff.
* 2018 Woman of the Year. Presented by Glendale Latino Association.
* 2019 Community Leader Courage Award (October 24, 2019). Presented by The Guild at Adventist Health Glendale.

## Personal life

Devine's husband was Arthur Devine. He died on September 9, 2021. Devine and her family live in Glendale.
# Venus figurines of Gagarino

The Venus figurines of Gagarino are eight Palaeolithic Venus figurines made from ivory. The statuettes belong to the Gravettian industry and are about 21,000–20,000 years old. They were discovered near to the village of Gagarino in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, and are now held in the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg.
* Another Venus figurine of Gagarino; height: 7.1 cm
* The "Venus No. 4" of Gagarino; height 12.7 cm
The Figurine No. 1 (by Abramova 1962) is sculpted similar to the Venus of Willendorf: The depicted female body is naked and obese, which is not necessarily interpreted as pregnant. The small arms are at the side with no hands. The face is not depicted, but a headgear or a hairstyle is indicated. The breasts are heavy. The mons veneris is indicated.
# Romeo (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| Pitchfork | 7.2/10 |
Romeo is the second studio album by Irish-Scottish music producer and musician Sega Bodega. It was released via his Nuxxe label on 12 November 2021. It features French actor and singer Charlotte Gainsbourg, and Venezuelan music producer and artist Arca.
It was preceded by the single releases of "Only Seeing God When I Come", "Angel On My Shoulder", and "I Need Nothing From You".
The album details a conceptual, fictionalised relationship between Sega Bodega and "a girlfriend made entirely of light, named Luci". He has described the album as "the record I always wanted to make". The album also explores themes of close connection to others, with the single "Angel On My Shoulder" being about the idea of never meeting a close friend, and "Um Um" being inspired by the memory of the late producer Sophie, whom Sega Bodega was close to.
The album art, and its respective singles and promotional art, were shot by Aidan Zamiri.

## Track listing

All tracks are produced by Sega Bodega, except "All Of Your Friends Think I'm Too Young For You", produced by Sega Bodega and Taylor Skye.

## Personnel

* Sega Bodega – vocals, production
* Taylor Skye – production (track 3)
* Conall – additional vocals (track 5)
* Kwaye – additional vocals (track 5)
* BEA1991 – additional vocals (track 5)
* Charlotte Gainsbourg – featured vocals (track 6)
* Arca – featured vocals (track 7)
* Isamaya Ffrench – additional vocals (track 9)
* James Rand – mixing, mastering
* Katie Tavini – mixing, mastering
# Brett Palos

Brett Alexander Palos (born July 1974) is a British property developer and entrepreneur. He is the founder of Brett Palos Investments and the chairman of The Thackery Estate. Palos owns Palos Developments, a luxury property development and design company in Miami Beach, Florida and is a significant shareholder in Dexter's London's largest estate agency.
Palos has been involved in the purchase of more than £1 billion of commercial and residential assets since 2012 with Brett Palos Investments.

## Early life

Brett Palos was born in 1974 to Robert Palos and Tina Green. His sister is Stasha Palos. His parents opened a clothing shop in Johannesburg, South Africa and expanded the business abroad. They divorced after 20 years together. Brett became the step-son of Philip Green when his mother Tina married the retailer in 1990.

## Career

In 1997, Palos was part of his step-father Philip Green’s negotiating team that outmaneuvered Sears plc when the company was selling its subsidiaries.
In 2003, Palos bought the office supplies group ISA from the receivers to its then US parent, Daisytek International. In 2005, ISA made a pre-tax profit of £5.9 million on sales of £231 million. In 2006, Palos appointed investment bank Rothschild to sell ISA. In 2007, Palos sold ISA to Electra Private Equity for a net gain of £35 million.
In 2008, Palos, then 33 years old, was ranked 1,727 in the Sunday Times rich list with a wealth of £43 million.
In 2009, Palos, along with partners Anthony Lyons and Simon Conway, purchased the O2 Centre on Finchley Road in London for over £90 million.
In 2010, Palos added more than 500 apartments to his property portfolio after buying them in a £400 million deal with Lloyds Banking Group.
In 2012, Palos, along with partner Antony Alberti, acquired The Thackeray Estate, a London-based property investment company that specialises in repositioning commercial, mixed-use and residential development projects.
In 2013, Palos started developing luxury spec homes in Miami. A few years later, his company Palos Developments sold a waterfront spec home on North Bay Road in Miami Beach for 20 million dollars. It was one of the highest sale prices ever on the street. Palos described the homes his company develops as "contemporary Balinese-Deco style."
In 2014, Matterhorn Palos Partnership, a joint venture between Brett Palos Investments and Matterhorn Capital, sold three Spire Healthcare hospitals for £110 million to the largest U.S. healthcare real estate trust. In 2015, Matterhorn Palos Partnership sold Kings Mall shopping centre in Hammersmith, London, to Schroders UK Real Estate fund in a deal worth £153 million.
In 2019, Palos’ Thackeray Estate sold Eastcheap Estate, a mixed-used scheme in London, for £45.5 million to Hong Kong investor LKK Health Products Group, the owner of the nearby Walkie-Talkie building.
In 2021 Palos teamed up with Oakley capital to back the growth of Dexter's now londons largest estate agent and he remains the largest individual shareholder.

## Personal life

Palos lives in London with his wife and three children. He owns a home in Miami Beach.
# Let Me Eat Your Pancreas (film)

Let Me Eat Your Pancreas (Japanese: 君の膵臓をたべたい, Hepburn: Kimi no Suizō o Tabetai) is a 2017 Japanese romance drama film starring Minami Hamabe, Takumi Kitamura, Keiko Kitagawa and Shun Oguri. Directed by Shō Tsukikawa, it is based on the 2015 novel I Want to Eat Your Pancreas by Yoru Sumino.

## Plot

An introvert boy, Haruki Shiga, comes across a book in a hospital waiting room. Looking through the book, he discovers that it is a diary kept by his very popular classmate, a girl. The girl, Sakura Yamauchi, happens to see him holding her diary and reveals to him that she is secretly suffering from pancreatic cancer.
Sakura then playfully forces Haruki to attend to all her whims and fancies. Initially, Haruki begrudgingly accedes to her requests, citing the excuse that he is merely putting up with a sick classmate. However, as time passes, he finds himself being drawn to her and he begins to enjoy the time he spends with her.

## Cast

* Minami Hamabe as Sakura Yamauchi
* Takumi Kitamura as Haruki Shiga
** Shun Oguri as adult Haruki
* Karen Ōtomo as Kyōko Takimoto
** Keiko Kitagawa as adult Kyōko
* Yūma Yamoto as Gamu-kun
** Yusuke Kamiji as adult Gamu-kun
* Dori Sakurada as Takahiro
* Daichi Morishita as Kuriyama
* Satomi Nagano as Sakura's mother

## Box office

In Japan, the film grossed ¥3.52 billion ($31.38 million), becoming the fifth highest-grossing domestic film of 2017. Overseas, the film grossed $3.6 million in China, $3,457,444 in South Korea, $277,019 in the United States and Canada, and $115,494 in Spain, Thailand and Australia. This brings the film's total worldwide gross to $39,129,957.

## Awards

| Award | Category | Nominee | Result |
| 42nd Hochi Film Award | Best Picture | Let Me Eat Your Pancreas | Nominated |
| 42nd Hochi Film Award | Best Supporting Actor | Shun Oguri | Nominated |
| 42nd Hochi Film Award | Best New Artist | Minami Hamabe | Won |
| 42nd Hochi Film Award | Best New Artist | Takumi Kitamura | Won |
| 30th Nikkan Sports Film Award | Best Film | Let Me Eat Your Pancreas | Nominated |
| 30th Nikkan Sports Film Award | Best Actress | Minami Hamabe | Nominated |
| 30th Nikkan Sports Film Award | Best Newcomer | Minami Hamabe | Won |
| 30th Nikkan Sports Film Award | Best Newcomer | Takumi Kitamura | Nominated |
| 72nd Mainichi Film Awards | Best New Actor | Takumi Kitamura | Nominated |
| 72nd Mainichi Film Awards | Best New Actress | Minami Hamabe | Nominated |
| 60th Blue Ribbon Awards | Best Film | Let Me Eat Your Pancreas | Nominated |
| 60th Blue Ribbon Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Shun Oguri | Nominated |
| 60th Blue Ribbon Awards | Best Newcomer | Minami Hamabe | Nominated |
| 60th Blue Ribbon Awards | Best Newcomer | Takumi Kitamura | Nominated |
| 27th Tokyo Sports Film Award | Best Newcomer | Minami Hamabe | Nominated |
| 27th Tokyo Sports Film Award | Best Newcomer | Takumi Kitamura | Nominated |
| 41st Japan Academy Prize | Picture of the Year | Let Me Eat Your Pancreas | Nominated |
| 41st Japan Academy Prize | Newcomer of the Year | Minami Hamabe | Won |
| 41st Japan Academy Prize | Newcomer of the Year | Takumi Kitamura | Won |
# G. K. Stewart

George King Stewart was a British businessman in Ceylon. He was an appointed member of the State Council of Ceylon, Chairmen of the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce and Chairman of the Ceylon Tea Propaganda Board.