# James H. Kasler

Colonel James Helms Kasler (May 2, 1926 – April 24, 2014) was a senior officer in the United States Air Force and the only person to be awarded the Air Force Cross three times. The Air Force Cross ranks just below the Medal of Honor as an award for extraordinary heroism in combat.
Kasler was a combat veteran of World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. In Korea, as an F-86 Sabre pilot with the 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, he was recognized as an ace, credited with shooting down 6 MiG-15s. Kasler flew a combined 198 combat missions and was a prisoner of war in North Vietnam from August 1966 until March 1973.
He flew a total of 101 combat missions in an F-86E Sabre and scored 6 confirmed air-to-air victories and two more damaged against MiG-15s, becoming among the first jet aces of the Korean War.

## Early life and education

Kasler was born May 2, 1926, in South Bend, Indiana. After enlisting in the U.S. Army Reserve on November 24, 1943, he went on active duty with the U.S. Army Air Forces on May 16, 1944.
He earned his bachelor's degree in June 1963 from the University of Nebraska-Omaha.

## Vietnam War

Kasler was deployed directly to Southeast Asia. He served as an F-105 pilot with the 354th Tactical Fighter Squadron of 355th Tactical Fighter Wing at Takhli Royal Thai Air Force Base at Thailand, in February 1966. By August 1966, an article in Time Magazine labeled him "the hottest pilot" in Vietnam and his wingmates called him "a one-man Air Force".

## Prisoner of war

While flying F-105D-31-RE Thunderchief 62–4343 on his 91st combat mission on August 8, 1966, Kasler was awarded a second Air Force Cross as leader of a formation that was evaluating low-level delivery against a priority target. When his wingman, 1st Lt Fred R. Flom was hit and ejected, Major Kasler located the downed pilot, flew cover at low altitude until his fuel was almost gone, refueled with an aerial tanker, and returned to direct rescue operations. Flying at treetop level in an attempt to relocate his wingman, Kasler's F-105 was disabled by ground fire. He ejected, was captured and singled out for special attention by his captors and tortured repeatedly to get him to cooperate with their propaganda efforts.
For more than a month in 1967, Kasler was the target of nearly continuous daily torture. He received his third award of the Air Force Cross for resisting torture inflicted on him over a two-month period during the summer of 1968 in an attempt to coerce his cooperation with visiting anti-war delegations and propaganda film makers.
Kasler described his worst treatment:
   My worst session of torture began in late June 1968. The Vietnamese were attempting to force me to meet a delegation and appear before TV cameras on the occasion of the supposed 3,000th American airplane shot down over North Vietnam. I couldn't say the things they were trying to force me to say. I was tortured for six weeks. I went through the ropes and irons ten times. I was denied sleep for five days and during three of these was beaten every hour on the hour with a fan belt. During the entire period I was on a starvation diet. I was very sick during this period. I had contracted osteomyelitis in early 1967 and had a massive bone infection in my right leg. They would wrap my leg before each torture session so I wouldn't get pus or blood all over the floor of the interrogation room. During this time they beat my face to a pulp. I couldn't get my teeth apart for five days. My ear drum was ruptured, one of my ribs broken and the pin in my right leg was broken loose and driven up into my hip.
At one point, during the fall of 1967, Kasler's captors took his clothes and his mosquito net. For three days, they denied him food and water and they beat his back and buttocks with a truck fan belt, every hour on the hour, 6 a.m. until 10 or 11 p.m. His torturer asked if he surrendered. Kasler finally gasped yes.
The guard nicknamed "Fidel" by the POWs returned to Kasler's cell the next day and demanded that he surrender. Kasler refused and the beatings resumed and continued for another two days. Kasler suffered a fractured rib, a ruptured eardrum and broken teeth. He was left with the skin hanging off his rear end down to the floor. His face was so swollen, it hung like a bag, his eyes almost shut. Kasler's mangled and infected leg, which tormented him throughout his captivity and for years afterward, swelled to the point he feared it would explode.
He was finally released on March 4, 1973, during Operation Homecoming, after spending 2,401 days in captivity.

## Later life

Kasler was married to his wife, Martha (Rankin), for 65 years. She had moved to Indianapolis from Macomb, Illinois, as an eighth-grader. They had a daughter Suzanne and twins James and Nanette. Suzanne operates a nationally known interior design firm in Atlanta and Nanette is the owner of NKL Designs. They have four grandchildren. Kane Lauck, Ryan Kasler, Jackie Kasler and Alexandra Morris.
He spent the last 39 years of his life as a resident of Momence, Illinois, where he owned and developed South Shore Golf Course in Momence and had interests in banking and real estate, served on a number of boards and received a variety of civic and service awards.
In 1973, Kasler received the Academy of Achievement’s Golden Plate presented by Lowell Thomas at an awards ceremony in Chicago. Other honorees at the 1973 Banquet included Sir Edmund Hillary, Tenzing Norgay, Neil Armstrong, Ray Kroc, Senator Howard Baker, and Bart Starr
In 2007, Kasler appeared on an episode of the History Channel series Dogfights. In the episode, titled 'No Room for Error', Kasler's "May 15, 1952 mission", where he shot down two MiG-15s, action is depicted. The episode was the eighth episode of the second season of the series, which recreated historical air combat campaigns using modern computer graphics.
On 15 September 2007 the United States Air Force dedicated a monument to him. He and his wife Martha resided in Illinois.
Kasler died April 24, 2014, in West Palm Beach, Florida and is buried with full military honors at Crown Hill Cemetery.

## Awards and decorations

Included among his 76 awards for valor and service, in addition to receiving three awards of the Air Force Cross, Kasler was decorated twice with the Silver Star and awarded a Legion of Merit, nine Distinguished Flying Crosses, two Bronze Star Medals, two Purple Hearts, and eleven Air Medals.
US Air Force Command Pilot Badge :
| Air Force Cross w/ 2 bronze oak leaf clusters |||
| Silver Star w/ 1 bronze oak leaf cluster | Legion of Merit | Distinguished Flying Cross w/ Valor device, 1 silver and 2 bronze oak leaf clusters |
| Distinguished Flying Cross (second ribbon required for accouterment spacing) | Bronze Star w/ Valor device and 1 bronze oak leaf cluster | Purple Heart w/ 1 bronze oak leaf cluster |
| Air Medal w/ 2 silver oak leaf clusters | Air Force Commendation Medal w/ 2 bronze oak leaf clusters | Air Force Presidential Unit Citation w/ 2 bronze oak leaf clusters |
| Air Force Outstanding Unit Award w/ Valor device and 2 bronze oak leaf clusters | Prisoner of War Medal | Combat Readiness Medal |
| Army Good Conduct Medal | American Campaign Medal | Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal w/ 2 bronze campaign stars |
| World War II Victory Medal | National Defense Service Medal w/ 1 bronze service star | Korean Service Medal w/ 2 bronze campaign stars |
| Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal | Vietnam Service Medal w/ 3 silver and 1 bronze campaign stars | Air Force Longevity Service Award w/ 1 silver and 2 bronze oak leaf clusters |
| Small Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon | Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation | Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross |
| United Nations Service Medal for Korea | Vietnam Campaign Medal | Korean War Service Medal |

### Air Force Cross citation (1st Award)

    Kasler, James Helms
    Major, U.S. Air Force
    354th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 355th Tactical Fighter Wing, Takhli Royal Thai Air Base, Thailand
    Date of Action: June 29, 1966
    Citation:
   The President of the United States of America, authorized by Title 10, Section 8742, United States Code, takes pleasure in presenting the Air Force Cross to Major James Helms Kasler, United States Air Force, for extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against an opposing armed force as Pilot of an F-105 Thunderchief with the 354th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 355th Tactical Fighter Wing, Takhli Royal Thai Air Base, Thailand, in action over Hanoi, North Vietnam, on 29 June 1966. On that date, Major Kasler was Mission Commander of the second and largest wave of fighter-bombers to strike the heavily defended Hanoi petroleum products storage complex. Despite a seemingly impenetrable canopy of bursting projectiles thrown up by hostile defenses of this key facility, Major Kasler determinedly and precisely led his striking force to the exact release point where he and his followers placed their ordnance directly on target, causing it to erupt in a huge fireball of burning petroleum. Performing armed reconnaissance during his withdrawal, Major Kasler, with total disregard for his personal safety, personally destroyed five trucks before low fuel reserves forced him to terminate his attack. Through his extraordinary heroism superb airmanship, and aggressiveness in the face of hostile forces, Major Kasler reflected the highest credit upon himself and the United States Air Force.

### Air Force Cross citation (2nd Award)

    Kasler, James Helms
    Major, U.S. Air Force
    354th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 355th Tactical Fighter Wing, Takhli Royal Thai Air Base, Thailand
    Date of Action: August 6, 1966
    Citation:
   The President of the United States of America, authorized by Title 10, Section 8742, United States Code, takes pleasure in presenting a Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster in lieu of a Second Award of the Air Force Cross to Major James Helms Kasler, United States Air Force, for extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against an opposing armed force as an F-105 Thunderchief pilot with the 354th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 355th Tactical Fighter Wing, Takhli Royal Thai Air Base, Thailand, in action near Yen Bay, North Vietnam, on 6 August 1966. On that date, Major Kasler led a flight of fighter-bombers against a heavily defended target in evaluating a low level ordnance delivery tactic. While carrying out this hazardous mission, a wingman was forced to eject over unfriendly territory. Major Kasler located the downed airman and flew cover until perilously low fuel compelled him to leave. Refueling aerially, Major Kasler returned to relocate the downed pilot so he could direct rescue operations. At great risk to his own life, he explored the gun infested countryside at tree-top level, valiantly searching, but was unable to locate his fellow American. Major Kasler's Thunderchief was hit by destructive ground fire during his valorous search, and he too ejected into unfriendly hands. Through his extraordinary heroism superb airmanship, and aggressiveness in the face of hostile forces, Major Kasler reflected the highest credit upon himself and the United States Air Force.

### Air Force Cross citation (3rd Award)

    Kasler, James Helms
    Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Air Force
    Prisoner of War, North Vietnam
    Date of Action: June 1968 to July 1968
    Citation:
   The President of the United States of America, authorized by Title 10, Section 8742, United States Code, takes pleasure in presenting a Second Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster in lieu of a Third Award of the Air Force Cross to Lieutenant Colonel James Helms Kasler, United States Air Force, for extraordinary heroism in military operations against an opposing armed force while a Prisoner of War in North Vietnam from June 1968 through July 1968. During this period, Colonel Kasler accomplished an amazing feat of resistance against the North Vietnamese when they attempted to force him to meet a visiting delegation and appear before television and news cameras. Through personal fortitude and absolute heroism, he completely withstood the most brutal of Vietnamese tortures and caused his captors extreme embarrassment in their failure to gain useful propaganda statements. Through extraordinary heroism, staunch display of courage, and willpower in the face of the enemy, Colonel Kasler reflected the highest credit on himself and the United States Air Force.

### Silver Star citation (1st Award)

   GENERAL ORDERS: Headquarters, Far East Air Forces, General Orders No. 397 (August 8, 1952)
   CITATION:
   The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress July 9, 1918 (amended by an act of July 25, 1963), takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to First Lieutenant James Helms Kasler (AFSN: O-2221728/24551A), United States Air Force, for gallantry in action against an armed enemy of the United Nations as a Pilot, 335th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 4th Fighter-Interceptor Group, FAR EAST Air Forces, on 15 May 1952. While on patrol in North Korea, Lieutenant Kasler sighted three MiGs and immediately attacked. He closed to one hundred feet and fired several short bursts, causing one MiG-15 to burst into flames. During this attack the other two MiGs had closed on Lieutenant Kasler, and he continued deliberately to draw their fire while directing his wingman so that he could destroy one of the attacking MiGs. The third MiG then ceased firing at Lieutenant Kasler and made one firing pass at his wingman. This maneuver permitted Lieutenant Kasler to fall in behind, pursuing the MiG at tree-top level through an extremely heavy concentration of ground fire. After a fifty-mile chase, Lieutenant Kasler was able to close on the MiG and destroy it. In employing these tactics of exposing himself to both air attack and heavy ground fire, Lieutenant Kasler and his wingman were able to destroy all three of the MiGs. Through his exceptional gallantry and keen airmanship, Lieutenant Kasler reflected great credit upon himself, the Far East Air Forces, and the United States Air Force.

### Silver Star citation (2nd Award)

   The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress July 9, 1918 (amended by an act of July 25, 1963), takes pleasure in presenting a Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster in lieu of a Second Award of the Silver Star to Colonel James Helms Kasler (AFSN: O-2221728/24551A), United States Air Force, for gallantry in connection with military operations against an opposing armed force as a Prisoner of War in North Vietnam. During the period 15 August 1967 to 20 September 1967, the North Vietnamese were conducting a savage purge throughout the prison camp in which Colonel Kasler was interned, to determine the identity of the leaders of the resistance against them and their camp policies. Colonel Kasler was called out on trumped up charges, had his hands clamped behind his back for 32 days and put through the dreaded rope torture. Colonel Kasler, although very seriously wounded, resisted the Vietnamese through extraordinary willpower and gallantry in a manner which reflected great credit on himself and the United States Air Force.