# Bourke B. Hickenlooper

Bourke Blakemore Hickenlooper (July 21, 1896 – September 4, 1971), was an American politician and member of the Republican Party, first elected to statewide office in Iowa as lieutenant governor, serving from 1939 to 1943 and then as the 29th Governor of Iowa from 1943 to 1945. Hickenlooper was first elected to the United States Senate in 1944. He served in the Senate from 1945 to 1969.

## Biography

Born in 1896 in Blockton, Iowa, Hickenlooper's college education at Iowa State College in Ames was interrupted by his service in the U.S. Army.

### World War I

He served as an officer in France during World War I.

### Higher education

After his military service Hickenlooper continued his education at Iowa State and then went on to the University of Iowa College of Law, where he received a law degree in 1922. He practiced law in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

### Religion

Hickenlooper was a Methodist.

### Governor of Iowa

in the 1942 election, governor George A. Wilson did not run for re-election, instead he successfully ran for a seat in the United States Senate. Hickenlooper was elected to succeed Wilson, defeating former governor Nelson Kraschel 63% to 37%, serving one term from 1943-1945. Hickenlooper did not seek re-election in 1944, instead he successfully ran for a seat in the United States Senate, narrowly defeating incumbent Democratic senator Guy Gillette.

### U. S. Senator

In the Senate, Hickenlooper was known as one of the most conservative and isolationist members of the Republican Party, and perhaps one of the most conservative American congressmen. He became one of the most powerful Republicans in the Senate, serving as the Republican Policy Committee Chairman from 1962 to 1969. In this position, he had an intense rivalry with Everett Dirksen, the Senate Republican leader at the time. Hickenlooper voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960, but along with fellow conservative Barry Goldwater, voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1964. He also voted in favor of the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

### Legislation

The 1962 Hickenlooper Amendment to the foreign aid bill cuts off aid to any country expropriating U.S. property. The amendment was aimed at Castro's Cuba, which had expropriated U.S.-owned and U.S.-controlled sugar plantations and refineries.

### USS Liberty incident

Senator Hickenlooper was outraged by the 1967 USS Liberty incident and was one of the few Congressmen to call for an investigation. He was openly skeptical of Israel's mistaken identity explanation: "From what I have read I can't tolerate for one minute that this was an accident. I think it was a deliberate assault on this ship. I think they had ample opportunity to identify it as an American ship. … What have we done about the Liberty? Have we become so placid, so far as Israel is concerned or so far as that area is concerned, that we will take the killing of 37 [sic] American boys and the wounding of a lot more and the attack of an American ship in the open sea in good weather? We have seemed to say: 'Oh, well, boys will be boys.' What are you going to do about it? It is most offensive to me…It is inconceivable to me that the ship could not have been identified. According to everything I saw, the American flag was flying on this ship. It had a particular configuration. Even a landlubber could look at it and see that it has no characteristic configuration comparable to the so-called Egyptian ship they now try to say they mistook it for. It just doesn’t add up to me. It is not at all satisfactory."

## Death

On September 4, 1971, Hickenlooper died at the age of 75 while visiting friends in Shelter Island, New York. He was buried at the Cedar Memorial Park cemetery in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.