OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marcos Madrigal

Marcos Madrigal (Havana) is a Cuban pianist.

## Early life and career

Marcos Madrigal was three years old when he started studying piano. In 2007, he graduated with honors from the University of Arts of Cuba (ISA) in Havana, under the guidance of the renowned professor and pianist Teresita Junco. He attended Master Classes at the Conservatory of Southern Switzerland in Lugano and at the International Piano Academy Lake Como, where he had the chance to study with Andreas Staier, Dimitri Bashkirov, Fou Ts'ong, John Perry, Malcolm Bilson and especially with his mentor William Grant Naboré.
He has performed in recitals, and as a soloist with orchestra, in many of the most renowned concert halls of the world, such as the Teatro Colón of Buenos Aires, the Auditorium Parco della Musica of Rome, the Queen Elizabeth Hall of London, the National Concert Hall of Dublin, the Auditorium Manuel de Falla of Granada, the Bucharest Opera House, the Volkstheater of Vienna, the Teatro Rossini of Pesaro, the Teatro delle Muse of Ancona, the Teatro Gentile da Fabriano of Fabriano, the Teatro Góngora of Córdoba and the Qintai Grand Theater of Wuhan, working with notable conductors, such as Claudio Abbado, Leo Brouwer, Paul Mann, Enrique Diemecke and Lorenzo Ramos.
He has also collaborated in several projects with Oscar-winning composer Nicola Piovani, as well as with other distinguished composers in the film and theater world.
In 2015, he gave his celebrated debut in the United States at the Finney Hall in Oberlin, Ohio.
Since 2017 he has been the Artistic Director of Habana Clásica, an international classical music festival held in Havana.

## Awards and outreach

He has received numerous awards in several international competitions, among which are the International Piano Competition "Premio Jaén" (Spain), the "Panama International Piano Competition" (Panama), the International Piano Competition "María Clara Cullel" (Costa Rica), and the International Piano Competition "Ignacio Cervantes" (Cuba).
In 2012, he was awarded the International Award "Gold Medal Maison des Artistes", granted by the Association for Culture, Arts, Science and Social Commitment at the Sapienza University of Rome.

## Recording career

Among his most recent recordings are Homo Ludens, with M° Leo Brouwer; Concert for Four Hands, with Cuban pianist Teresita Junco; the Opera Omnia for Piano and Orchestra of José María Vitier; a monograph dedicated to Cuban composer Ernesto Lecuona, Cuba, which was critically acclaimed and won numerous awards, among which are the Choc de Classica (France), the Melómano de Oro (Spain), the Cubadisco 2016 (Cuba), and the 5 stars of Diapason (France).
Furthermore, he has recorded live concerts and has participated in several programs for many famous Radio and TV channels all over the world, such as the BBC, Vatican Radio, Radiotelevisione svizzera (RSI), Radio Suisse Romande (RSR), and the Italian Rai Radio 3, which in 2013 broadcast a 5-episode documentary dedicated to his life with the title “Piano Libre – The other music of Cuba”.
# Eddie Kohlhase

Edwin Kohlhase MNZM is a former member of the New Zealand National Softball team, called the "Black Sox" and he is the current coach of the Black Sox, beginning his tenure in 2004.

## Early life

Kohlhase spent his childhood in Auckland and was educated at St Peter's College, which has traditionally been very prominent in the Auckland school boy softball competitions.

## Career

Kohlhase played many different sports as a youngster, but was especially drawn to the fast-paced nature of softball. He joined the Black Sox in 1983 and played in three international championships. New Zealand won the 1984 event, and was placed second in 1988 and 1992. An injury forced his retirement in 1995, but he quickly moved into coaching, and was appointed assistant national coach in 1998. The New Zealand team won the world championships in 1996 and 2000, and, in Christchurch, in 2004. He was appointed coach of the Black Sox in 2004. In 2013 after the Black Sox again won the world championship in that year Kohlhase indicated that he would retire as coach of the national team and that it "was probably time to move on". In announcing that he would step down he pointed out that he had been involved with the game for 30 years. Kohlase made history as the first New Zealander to win world championships as a player and a coach. Kohlhase has said: '"Coaching at the elite level in sport is all about having a vision, devising a game plan, picking and moulding players to achieve that plan, and working with other professionals to develop players' full potential". In 2013 (his retirement year) after the Black Sox had won their sixth world title, Kohlhase stated that he wanted Softball New Zealand to institute an integrated development plan to ensure New Zealand stays at the pinnacle of the international men's game. Samoan softball team coach, Chris Kohlhase is Eddie Kohlhase's brother.
In the 2014 Queen's Birthday Honours, Kohlhase was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to softball.
# Robert Wilson (music entrepreneur)

Robert Allan David Wilson, MBE, born in 1951 in the Scottish Borders, is an entrepreneurial business leader, musician and philanthropist. He lives in Knebworth, Hertfordshire. He was awarded an MBE in the 2016 Queen's New Years Honours for services to the music industry and charity.

## Music Industry

Since 2023, Wilson has served as Chairman of Headline Audio, a distributor based in Milton Keynes that distributes Nord keyboards and Solid State Logic (SSL) products in the UK and Ireland. Founded in Sweden in 1983, Nord is known for its high-quality, innovative digital keyboards, including the Nord Stage, Nord Electro, and Nord Grand, which are widely used by musicians in various genres around the world. SSL, headquartered in Oxford, manufactures professional tools for music, live sound, and broadcast.
Robert Wilson MBE founded Sound Technology Ltd in February 1978, where he served as Chairman until May 2018. Under his leadership, Sound Technology Ltd became one of the largest independent distributors of musical instruments, professional audio products and lighting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland.
Wilson also served as a Director of the Music Industries Association (MIA), the UK’s trade association for musical instrument and related product businesses, for over 40 years. His contributions were recognized in 2003, and he received a Lifetime Achievement Award in 2006. Wilson retired from the MIA in 2019.
Wilson continues to play an important part in supporting the music industry.
Wilson also recently appeared on Antiques Roadshow with a painting of Lauder Castle, reflecting his appreciation for art and history.

## Charity work

Wilson was a Director of Music for Youth, a national youth arts charity, from 1980 to April 2017. He also served as a Director of the National Association of Music Merchants (NAMM) from 2008 to 2011 and contributed to the NAMM Oral History project in 2005 and 2018, receiving the NAMM Oral History Service Award.
# Karina Metelkova

Karina Metelkova (Russian: Карина Метелкова; born 11 May 2003) is a Russian group rhythmic gymnast. She is the 2021 European Group All-around champion.

## Career
### Senior

In 2020, Karina joined Russian National Reserve Team as a senior group gymnast. Reserve group took part in Grand Prix Tartu in February. Karina and her teammates placed second in Group All-Around competition after Uzbekistan and took gold medals in both Apparatus Finals. In October, Russian Federation organized 2nd Online Tournament in rhythmic gymnastics, where reserve group won in Group All-Around competition (69.050) in front of Uzbekistan. In the end of May 2021, she competed at the 2021 Pesaro World Cup, her first World Cup, where she won gold medal in Group All-around and two silver medals in Apparatus finals. In June, she competed at the 2021 European Championships in Varna, Bulgaria and won gold medal in Group All-around and Team competition and silver in 5 Balls final. In July, the national coach Irina Viner, announced that the fifth place of the Russian group that will compete in the Olympic Games of Tokyo 2020, will be occupied by Alisa Tishchenko, leaving out Metelkova and Olya Karaseva
# Koranga River

The Koranga River is a river of the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It lies to the east of Te Urewera National Park, to the southwest of the settlement of Matawai, and flows northwest to reach its outflow into the Waioeka River.
# William Jones (mathematician)

William Jones, FRS (1675 – 1 July 1749) was a Welsh mathematician best known for his use of the symbol π (the Greek letter Pi) to represent the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. He was a close friend of Sir Isaac Newton and Sir Edmund Halley. In November 1711, Jones became a fellow of the Royal Society, and later served as the Royal Society's vice-president.

## Early life

William Jones was born as the son of Siôn Siôr (John George Jones) and Elizabeth Rowland in the parish of Llanfihangel Tre'r Beirdd, about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Benllech on the Isle of Anglesey in Wales. He attended a charity school at Llanfechell, also on the Isle of Anglesey, where his mathematical talents were spotted by the local landowner Lord Bulkeley, who arranged for him to work in a merchant's counting-house in London. His main patrons were the Bulkeley family of north Wales, and later the Earl of Macclesfield.

## Early mathematical career

Jones initially served at sea, teaching mathematics on board Navy ships between 1695 and 1702, where he became very interested in navigation and published A New Compendium of the Whole Art of Navigation in 1702, dedicated to a benefactor John Harris. In this work he applied mathematics to navigation, studying methods of calculating position at sea. After his voyages were over he became a mathematics teacher in London, both in coffee houses and as a private tutor to George Parker, the son of the future Earl of Macclesfield, and also the future Baron Hardwicke. He also held a number of undemanding posts in government offices with the help of his former pupils.

## Later career

Jones published Synopsis Palmariorum Matheseos in 1706, a work which was intended for beginners and which included theorems on differential calculus and infinite series. This used π for the ratio of circumference to diameter, following earlier abbreviations for the Greek word periphery (περιφέρεια) by William Oughtred and others. His 1711 work Analysis per quantitatum series, fluxiones ac differentias introduced the dot notation for differentiation in calculus.
He was noticed and befriended by two of Britain's foremost mathematicians – Edmund Halley and Sir Isaac Newton – and was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1711. He later became the editor and publisher of many of Newton's manuscripts and built up an extraordinary library that was one of the greatest collections of books on science and mathematics ever known, and only recently fully dispersed. Jones' Last Will and Testament left his library, along with his gold watch, to Earl of Macclesfield in acknowledgement of his support.

## Personal life

He married twice, firstly the widow of his counting-house employer, whose property he inherited on her death, and secondly, in 1731, Mary, the 22-year-old daughter of cabinet-maker George Nix, with whom he had two surviving children. His son, also named William Jones and born in 1746, was a renowned philologist who established links between Latin, Greek and Sanskrit, leading to the concept of the Indo-European language group.
# Sattva

Sattva (Sanskrit: सत्त्व, meaning goodness) is one of the three guṇas or "modes of existence" (tendencies, qualities, attributes), a philosophical and psychological concept understood by the Samkhya school of Hindu philosophy. The other two qualities are rajas (passion and activity) and tamas (destruction, chaos). Sattva is the quality of goodness, purity, positivity, truth, serenity, balance, peacefulness, and virtuousness that is drawn towards Dharma and jñāna (knowledge). The act or a person who bears this is called Sattvik.

## Hinduism
### Samkhya Philosophy

In Samkhya philosophy, a guṇa is one of three "tendencies, qualities": sattva, rajas and tamas. This category of qualities has been widely adopted by various schools of Hinduism for categorizing behavior and natural phenomena. The three qualities are:
* Sattva is the quality of balance, harmony, goodness, purity, universalizing, holistic, constructive, creative, building, positive attitude, luminous, serenity, being-ness, peaceful, virtuous.
* Rajas is the quality of passion, activity, neither good nor bad and sometimes either, self-centeredness, egoistic, individualizing, driven, moving, dynamic.
* Tamas is the quality of imbalance, disorder, chaos, anxiety, impure, destructive, delusion, negative, dull or inactive, apathy, inertia or lethargy, violent, vicious, ignorant.
In Indian philosophy, these qualities are not considered as present in either-or fashion. Rather, everyone and everything has all three, only in different proportions and in different contexts. The living being or substance is viewed as the net result of the joint effect of these three qualities.
According to the Samkhya school, no one and nothing is either purely sattvik or purely rajasik or purely tamasik. One's nature and behavior is a complex interplay of all of these, with each guna in varying degrees. In some, the conduct is rajasik with significant influence of sattvik guna, in some it is rajasik with significant influence of tamasik guna, and so on.

### Bhagavad Gita

The Bhagavad Gita describes sattva as a path to liberation. It describes sattva as superior to the other two gunas because it brings clarity, leads to higher realms, and is without impurities, but it is also described as a cause of bondage. Verse 14.6 describes sattva as:
   because sattva is flawless it is luminous and has no contamination. It is through attachment to happiness and attachment to knowledge (jñana) that it causes bondage, O sinless one.
It causes bondage, as explained in verse 14.9, by attachment to happiness.

### Vishishtadvaita

According to Ramanuja, the divine realm (Vaikuntha) is composed of pure, immutable sattva, or shuddha sattva. In liberation, the individual self transcends its material body and attains a pure form composed of shuddha sattva.

## Buddhism

Sattva, or satta in Pali language, is found in Buddhist texts, such as in Bodhi-sattva. The sattva in Buddhism means "a living being, creature, person or sentient being".
# Fairshake

Fairshake is a political action committee funded by the cryptocurrency industry that supported candidates in the 2024 American elections. Major contributors include Coinbase, Ripple, and Andreessen Horowitz.
The Hill reported that more than $10 million of the super PAC's spending went toward opposing the California Democratic Senate primary bid of Katie Porter, who lost in the March 2024 primary.
As of June 2024, CNBC reported that Fairshake had backed the winning candidate in 33 of the 35 House and Senate primary races it had entered.
# Sudan Civil Aviation Authority

The Sudan Civil Aviation Authority (Arabic: الهيئة العامة للطيران المدني) is the civil aviation authority of Sudan. The head office is in Khartoum but due to the ongoing war in khartoum has been moved temporarily to Port Sudan .
The Air Accident Investigation Central Directorate, a part of the CAA, is the air accident investigation agency of Sudan.

## Air Navigation Center

The Air Control Center, part of the Air Navigation Center (ANC, Arabic: مركز الملاحة الجوية) department, serves as the country's air navigation building. It is located on a 25,600 square metres (276,000 sq ft) area east of Khartoum International Airport. This center includes multiple buildings: the main building, and a secondary building which houses the administration premises and the air traffic control simulator. The main building houses the equipment room, the area control centre, and the central maintenance centre.
It was established after a 1996 seminar on the future of air navigation held by the civil aviation authorities of Sudan. This seminar recommended the establishment of a new air navigation centre. On 3 May 2005 the Sudanese government signed a contract with "Fo-Hong", a Chinese company, to have the centre built.

## Investigations

* Sudan Airways Flight 109
# 1951 Howard Payne Yellow Jackets football team

The 1951 Howard Payne Yellow Jackets represented Howard Payne College—now known as Howard Payne University—as a member of the Texas Conference during the 1951 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Carl Anderson, the Yellow Jackets compiled an overall record of 4–4 with a mark of 3–1 in conference play, sharing the Texas Conference title with Abilene Christian and Texas A&I.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 22 | | Louisiana Tech* | Lion StadiumBrownwood, TX | L 27–34 | |
| September 29 | | at Sam Houston State* | Pritchett FieldHuntsville, TX | L 19–27 | |
| October 6 | | at Texas A&I | Javelina StadiumKingsville, TX | W 9–7 | |
| October 13 | 8:00 p.m. | at Austin | Bearcat StadiumSherman, TX | W 35–20 | |
| October 27 | | at Southwest Texas State* | Evans FieldSan Marcos, TX | W 27–14 | |
| November 3 | | East Texas State* | Brownwood, TX | L 21–38 | |
| November 10 | 8:00 p.m. | at McMurry | Indiana StadiumAbilene, TX | W 47–13 | |
| November 22 | 2:00 p.m. | Abilene Christian | Lion StadiumBrownwood, TX | L 14–34 | 6,500 |
| *Non-conference gameAll times are in Central time |||||||
# Gaano Kadalas ang Minsan (TV series)

Gaano Kadalas ang Minsan (transl. how often is sometimes / international title: Love Me Again) is a 2008 Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by GMA Network. Based on a 1982 Philippine film of the same title, the series is the ninth instalment of Sine Novela. Directed by Gil Tejada Jr., it stars Marvin Agustin, Camille Prats and Diana Zubiri. It premiered on June 23, 2008 on the network's Dramarama sa Hapon line up. The series concluded on November 7, 2008 with a total of 100 episodes.

## Cast and characters
### Lead cast

* Marvin Agustin as Louis Antonio "Louie" Almeda
* Camille Prats as Lily Medrano/Cervantes
* Diana Zubiri as Elsa Cervantes-Almeda

### Supporting cast

* Sandy Andolong as Gloria Cervantes
* Maybelyn dela Cruz as Charley Villanueva-Paterno
* Biboy Ramirez as Eric Paterno
* Victor Aliwalas as Thomas "Tommy" Romero
* Andrea del Rosario as Margarita Mendoza

### Guest cast

* Ronnie Lazaro as Anselmo Perdigon
* Mark Gil as Emilio Cervantes
* Paulo Avelino as Kiko
* Ces Quesada as Pilar Medrano
* Julie Anne San Jose as Claudette Medrano
* Jesi Corcuera as Raquel "Rocky" Perdigon
* Mon Confiado as Fredo
* Jana Roxas as Kathleen
* Jan Marini as Barbara
* Sweet Ramos as Dea Paterno
* Byron Ortile as Alvin
* Patricia Ysmael as Nina
* Dino Guevarra as Dodong
* Jen Rosendahl as Anya
* Krystal Reyes as Lara

## Casting

Actress Sunshine Dizon was initially hired to play the character Lily Medrano. Actress Camille Prats later served as her replacement.

## Ratings

According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila household television ratings, the pilot episode of Gaano Kadalas ang Minsan earned a 19.8% rating. The final episode scored a 22.9% rating.
# Levantine

Levantine may refer to:
* Anything pertaining to the Levant, the region centered around modern Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, and Jordan, including any person from the Levant
** Syria (region), corresponding to the modern countries of the Levant
* Levantine Sea, the easternmost part of the Mediterranean
* Levantines (also Latin-Levantines, Franco-Levantines, Italian Levantines), Members of the Latin Church in the Middle East:
* Levantine Arabic, a variety of Arabic
* Levantine cuisine, the cuisine of the Levant
* Levantine Cultural Center, subsequently The Markaz, a cultural center in Los Angeles, California
* Batavia (cloth), also called "Levantine", a type of cloth originally produced in the Levant.
* Turkish Levantine, descendants of Europeans who settled in parts of the Ottoman Empire.
# Coffee cabinet

A coffee cabinet is an ice cream-based milkshake popular in Rhode Island consisting of coffee ice cream, coffee syrup, and milk. The ingredients are mixed in a drink blender or milkshake blender.
Among the famous Rhode Island creameries which serve them are Delekta Pharmacy in Warren, and the Original Vanilla Bean in South Kingstown. Newport Creamery, a chain of family restaurants found almost exclusively in Rhode Island, serve a variation of cabinets made with ice milk under the brand name "Awful Awful". A cabinet is often referred to elsewhere in New England as a frappe.
The earliest known reference to the Coffee Cabinet was published in The Spatula in 1903:
   A drink that has become the most popular is "Coffee Cabinet," consisting of coffee syrup, egg, plain cream, ice cream, and shaved ice, thoroughly shaken. The coarse stream of soda is drawn and the drink is strained. This has often been called a meal in itself.
As with downcity, the etymology of this term is unknown. One common, but unsubstantiated, explanation is that the soda jerk or pharmacist kept the coffee syrup in one of the polished wooden cabinets behind the counter. It has also been theorized by some that the name was a variation on a drink known as the Royal Cabinet, an egg cream first popularized in Chicago.
# Pierre Tardi

Pierre Antoine Ernest Tardi (4 June 1897 – 5 August 1972) was a French geophysicist, astronomer, and geographer. From 1946 to 1960, he was the secretary general of the International Association of Geodesy, and editor-in-chief of the Bulletin Géodésique from 1946 to 1951. He also served as president of the Société astronomique de France from 1964 to 1966.
Born in Bastia on 4 June 1897, Tardi enlisted in World War I in 1915. Following the war, in 1920, he joined the geodesy section of the Service géographique de l'armée. He published his first treatise on geodesy in 1934, for which he won an award conferred by the Academy of Sciences. One notable milestone during has geodetic career was at the 1936 International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics meeting, where, in an effort to standardize mapping of the region, he suggested an idea to split the continent of Africa into a grid system. His proposal was quickly accepted, but struggled to be actually adopted. A bibliography—his Bibliographie géodesique internationale—was published in 1937. In 1946, Tardi was made the president of the International Association of Geodesy, succeeding George Perrier.
In 1952, Tardi served on the inaugural advisory committee of Ohio State University's Institute of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, along with other geodesists such as Walter Davis Lambert. In 1956, while secretary general of the International Association of Geodesy, Tardi formed a committee on tidal research; Lambert also sat on this committee. He was a professor at l'École polytechnique when he was elected to the Academy of Sciences in 1956. In 1962, Tardi became a corresponding member of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. He served as vice president of the French Academy of Sciences in 1969, and as president of the academy in 1970. He died in Paris on 5 August 1972.
# Ochlandra travancorica

Ochlandra travancorica, or reed bamboo is a species of bamboo, endemic to the Western Ghats, India. It is naturalised in the West Indies. Clusters of this bamboo are known to be the spawning area for the critically endangered frog species Raorchestes chalazodes.
# Toya, Tombouctou

Toya is a village and seat of the commune of Alafia in the Cercle of Timbuktu in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. The village sits on the northern bank of the River Niger.