OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chinese Language Center

National Dong Hwa University Chinese Language Center (NDHU-CLC; Chinese: 國立東華大學華語文中心) is one of Taiwan's most distinguished Chinese language schools for Chinese as a second language study, run by National Dong Hwa University (NDHU) in Hualien, Taiwan. In 2019, NDHU CLC's students achieved 100% pass rate in TOCFL. In 2021, NDHU CLC founded two oversea Chinese language school at universities in the United States.

## Taiwan Huayu BEST Program

NDHU CLC was selected as Taiwan's Best 10 Mandarin Centers in Taiwan Huayu BEST Program by Ministry of Education (MOE), jointly promoting Taiwan's Mandarin education in the United States, Europe, and Australia. With Huayu BEST Program, NDHU CLC received 92.58% expenses support from Taiwan Government and ran two oversea Mandarin Language Centers at Howard University and Oakland University in the United States to bring high-quality Mandarin education to the partner universities.

## Taiwan-Europe Connectivity Scholarships

NDHU was selected as nine University in Taiwan-Europe Connectivity Scholarship programme, which is set up by Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) to encouraging Taiwanese and European universities to establish or expand academic cooperation via school-to-school partnerships. It aimd to attract students from Europe to study Mandarin in Taiwan and engage in exchanges with Taiwanese students.
In 2021, NDHU CLC has a first batch of fifteen European students in the program, which are from universities such as London School of Economics, University of Edinburgh, SOAS University of London, Free University of Berlin, University of Oldenburg, University of Giessen and from United Kingdom, Germany, Poland, Spain.

## Degree Program

NDHU CLC jointly offers two programs with NDHU College of Humanities and Social Sciences– MA in Teaching Chinese and Calligraphy (TCLC) and PhD in Teaching Chinese as Second Language (TCSL).
# Julieta Cantaluppi

Julieta Cantaluppi (born 24 January 1985, in Como) is a retired Italian rhythmic gymnast and currently a coach in rhythmic gymnastics.

## Career

Julieta's mother Kristina Guiourova (who was also her coach) competed in rhythmic gymnastics for Bulgaria and was world champion with rope in London in 1979. Cantaluppi competed in the individual all-around event at the 2012 Summer Olympics, where she placed 16th.
After retirement, Cantaluppi took up coaching, becoming head Italian coach overseeing successful Italian rhythmic gymnasts Milena Baldassarri (2018 World Ribbon silver medalist, 6th at the Tokyo Olympics), Talisa Torretti (2018 Youth Olympic Games AA bronze medalist) and Sofia Raffaeli (2022 five-times World champion, two times European champion and 2024 Olympic bronze medalist).
In September 2023 Cantaluppi announced she was stepping down as Italian head coach to pursue other coaching opportunities overseas. Since November 2023, she has worked as a coach for the Israeli national team
# The Defector: Escape from North Korea

The Defector: Escape from North Korea is a 2012 documentary film about North Korean defectors, directed by Korean-Canadian filmmaker Ann Shin. The film premiered at the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival and had its broadcast premiere on TVOntario on June 26. The film's release was accompanied by The Defector Interactive, an interactive documentary that uses a videogame-like approach to let the user find out about life in and escape from North Korea. That the film opened at International Documentary Film Festival (IDFA) of Amsterdam, and went on to play at numerous of festivals, winning three Canadian Screen Awards: Best Documentary, Best Documentary Director and the Diversity Award.
# TA3 Inc.

TA3 Inc. (doing business as TA3 Swim) is an American swimwear company founded in Los Angeles, California, in 2019 by fashion designer Leila Shams. The company is known for its body-sculpting swimwear, including corset-inspired swimwear and ready-to-wear apparel. TA3 Swim's designs have been worn by Beyonce, Billie Eilish, Remi Bader, Bebe Rexha, January Jones, Ashley Graham, and Drew Barrymore.

## History

TA3 Inc. was founded in 2019 by Leila Shams, who had experience in fashion industry. In 2021, Shams appeared in season 13 of Shark Tank, seeking an investment of $500,000 in exchange for a 10% equity stake in TA3, but did not receive investment. In February 2022 the company began using personalized virtual fitting room for each shopper. As of January 2023, TA3 had an annual revenue of $20 million.

## Products

TA3's produces corset-inspired swimsuits and apparel with a focus on shaping the waist, supporting the bust, and flattening the stomach. The fabric of the swimwear is a lightweight activewear compression material with a corseted design at the back.

## Operations

The company operates primarily as a direct-to-consumer business, primarily using social media platforms to promote the brand and sell its products through its official website. TA3 holds one utility patent and two design patents for its swimwear. The brand also holds several trademarks, including "Snatchtastic" and "Mega Sculpting Fashion" and "Super Power Suit". The company exports its products to several countries, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia. It is headquartered in Los Angeles, California. Leila Shams serves as the company's CEO, and her husband, Brent Dougherty, holds the position of president.
# How Did You Know

How Did You Know is an extended play (EP) by Jamaican electronic dance musician Kurtis Mantronik. The EP was released in 2003 on the Southern Fried Records label, and features British singer Mim on vocals. "How Did You Know (77 Strings)" was released as a single from the EP, reaching number 16 on the UK Singles Chart and number three in Romania. The title track peaked atop the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart in May 2004.

## Charts

The following chart entries are for "How Did You Know (77 Strings)" unless otherwise noted.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| United Kingdom | 16 June 2003 | 12-inch vinylCD | Southern Fried | |
| Australia | 11 August 2003 | CD | Southern Fried | |
# List of minister-presidents of Rhineland-Palatinate

The minister-president of Rhineland-Palatinate (German: Ministerpräsident des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz), is the head of government of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The position was created in 1946, through the unification of the southern part of the Prussian Rhine Province, the Bavarian administrative district Circle of the Rhine and western parts of Hesse like Rheinhessen to form the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The current minister-president is Alexander Schweitzer, heading a coalition government between the Social Democrats, Greens and the FDP. Schweitzer succeeded Malu Dreyer in 2024.
The office of the minister-president is known as the State Chancellery (German: Staatskanzlei) and is located in the capital of Mainz, along with the rest of the cabinet departments.

## List

Political party:  CDU  SPD
| Portrait | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Political party |
| Portrait | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Took office | Left office | Days | Political party |
| Rhineland-Palatinate (1946–present) |||||||
| French occupation zone in Allied-occupied Germany (1946–1949) |||||||
| State of the Federal Republic of Germany (as of 23 May 1949) |||||||
| 1 | | Wilhelm Boden (1890–1961) | 1 December 1946 | 9 July 1947 | 220 | Christian Democratic Union |
| 2 | | Peter Altmeier (1899–1977) | 9 July 1947 | 19 May 1969 | 7985 | Christian Democratic Union |
| 3 | | Helmut Kohl (1930–2017) | 19 May 1969 | 2 December 1976 (resigned) | 2754 | Christian Democratic Union |
| 4 | | Bernhard Vogel (1932–2025) | 2 December 1976 | 8 December 1988 (resigned) | 4389 | Christian Democratic Union |
| 5 | | Carl-Ludwig Wagner (1930–2012) | 8 December 1988 | 21 May 1991 | 894 | Christian Democratic Union |
| 6 | | Rudolf Scharping (born 1947) | 21 May 1991 | 26 October 1994 (resigned) | 1254 | Social Democratic Party |
| 7 | | Kurt Beck (born 1949) | 26 October 1994 | 16 January 2013 (resigned) | 6657 | Social Democratic Party |
| 8 | | Malu Dreyer (born 1961) | 16 January 2013 | 10 July 2024 (resigned) | 4193 | Social Democratic Party |
| 9 | | Alexander Schweitzer (born 1973) | 10 July 2024 | Incumbent | 236 | Social Democratic Party |
# Kamionka, Lubartów County

Kamionka is a town in Lubartów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Kamionka. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) west of Lubartów and 26 km (16 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin. The town has a population of 1,800.

## History

The first mention of the settlement came in 1450, and it received its town rights in the late 15th century - which it held until 1863. In 1531 the current parish church: was built, replacing an earlier wooden church: from 1459. The wooden church had been a Protestant church: for a while after 1570. In the 18th century the village was famous for linen, but it had a poor location for trading. To the north of the village is a large wood of coniferous trees. There is also a small settlement consisting of two farmsteads at the edge of a large wood, 2 km (1 mi) to the north, with the same name.
During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), local Poles, including the wójt (head of the local administration) and the parish priest, were among the victims of massacres of Poles committed by the Germans on December 23, 1939, in nearby Lubartów and on January 6, 1940, in Lemszczyzna (present-day district of Lublin).

## Cuisine

Among the protected traditional local foods, as designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland, is buckwheat honey, typical to the Lublin Region including Kamionka. Rich in magnesium, iron, vitamin C and protein, it is used to treat a wide range of diseases.
# 2019 Kazakhstan President Cup (football)

The 12th Kazakhstan President Cup (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Президентінің Кубогы) was played from August 24 to August 28, 2019 in Astana, then Nur-Sultan. 6 youth teams participated in the tournament (players were born no earlier than 2003.)

## Participants

| Team | Group | Result | Participation in a tournament | In a row | Last participation | The best result |
| Armenia | B | 5th | 3 | 2 | 2012 | 6th (2012) |
| Kazakhstan | А | Winner | 9 | 9 | 2018 | Winner (2013; 2016) |
| Kazakhstan-U16 | B | 4th | 2 | 2 | 2018 | 6th (2018) |
| Kyrgyzstan | A | 6th | 7 | 7 | 2018 | 6th (2013; 2014; 2016); 2018) |
| Lithuania | A | 3rd | 2 | 1 | 2013 | 3rd (2013) |
| Tajikistan | B | 2nd | 6 | 6 | 2018 | 2nd (2016) |

## Venues

All matches took place at House of Football in Astana.
Astana :
| House of Football | House of Football |
| Attendance: 500 | House of Football |

## Format

The tournament is held in two stages. At the first stage, six teams are divided into two qualification groups (A and B). Competitions of the first stage were held on a circular system. The winners of the groups advance to the final, while the group runners-up meet to determine third place.

## Group stage

All times UTC+6

### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Kazakhstan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 2 | +9 | 6 |
| Lithuania | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 3 | +3 | 3 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 12 | −12 | 0 |

### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Tajikistan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | +2 | 6 |
| Kazakhstan | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 1 |
| Armenia | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 1 |

## Statistics
### Goalscorers
#### 6 goals

* Lithuania Armandas Kučys(1 pen.)

#### 4 goals

* Kazakhstan Galymzhan Kenzhebek

#### 2 goals

* Armenia Artur Serobyan
* Armenia Levon Vardanyan
* Kazakhstan Abzal Kalau
* Kazakhstan Alisher Rakhimzhanov(1 pen.)
* Kazakhstan Arsen Azatov
* Kazakhstan Danil Ankudinov

#### 1 goal

* Armenia Yuri Kolozyan
* Kazakhstan Askar Satyshev
* Kazakhstan Daniyar Dulatov
* Kazakhstan Kudaiberdy Narkulov
* Kazakhstan Murodzhan Khalmatov
* Kazakhstan Roman Chirkov
* Kazakhstan Vadim Yakovlev
* Kazakhstan Vladislav Kravchenko
* Kyrgyzstan Yryskeldi Tynybekov
* Lithuania Gvidas Gineitis
* Lithuania Matas Gasiunas
* Lithuania Nedas Simkutis
* Tajikistan Mudzhovid Shovaysudinov
* Tajikistan Muhammadvoris Saydaliev
* Tajikistan Rahmatshoh Rahmadzoda
* Tajikistan Sunatullo Azizov

### Awards

* The best player of a tournament
Kazakhstan Galymzhan Kenzhebek
* Goalscorer of a tournament
Lithuania Armandas Kučys (6 goals)
* The best goalkeeper of a tournament
Kazakhstan Temirlan Anarbekov
* The best defender of a tournament
Kazakhstan Aleksandr Shirobokov
* The best midfielder of a tournament
Tajikistan Ayni Alidzhoni
* The best forward of a tournament
Armenia Yuri Kolozyan

### Prize money

According to FFK, the prize fund of a tournament will make $15,000. "The teams which took 1, 2 and 3 place will be received, respectively 7,000, 5,000 and 3,000 $.
# Paul Newey

Paul Newey (born 6 September 1968) is an English businessman and semi-professional poker player from Dorset, England who co-founded Ocean Finance and later New Wave Ventures.

## Career

In 1991, Newey co-founded Ocean Finance, a loan and mortgage business, in Staffordshire, United Kingdom. He sold the company in 2006 and left his CEO position in 2009. He later co-founded New Wave Ventures a privately owned investment fund located at Adam House in London.
Newey has made the Birmingham Post rich list in 2013, 2015 and 2017 ranking 28th, 17th and 20th respectively. At the end of 2017 his net worth was estimated at $335 million.

## Gambling

Newey is an avid gambler. On 4 January 2005 Newey nearly broke the bank at Birmingham's Genting Casino Star City where he won £3 million and forced owner Stanley Leisure to issue a profit warning. The casino value declined by 12% as a result of Newey's win. Newey lost his winnings later that month.
In 2014, Newey won four times at the $5,000-a-spin machines in Aria Casino located in Las Vegas for a total of $1.75 million.

### Poker

Newey began playing high stakes poker tournaments in 2012 after entering the $1,000,000 Big One for One Drop event at the World Series of Poker. Newey was eliminated without cashing on Day 2 by eventual champion Antonio Esfandiari.
In 2014, Newey again entered the $1,000,000 One Drop event; this time, he finished 7th, earning $1,418,667. Newey has had success in the poker world. As of 2018, Newey has cashed for over $4,800,000.
Newey plays online under the alias "topdoll827".
# Myndalne

Myndalne or Mindalnoye (Ukrainian: Миндальне; Russian: Миндальное) is a village in the Sudak Municipality of the Crimea, a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and annexed by Russia as the Republic of Crimea.
Previously, the settlement was known as the Arka-Deresi village (Crimean Tatar: Arqa Deresi). Following the forced deportation of the Crimean Tatars in 1944, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR published a decree on May 18, 1948 renaming the settlement along with many others throughout Crimea from their native Crimean Tatar names to their current variants.
Myndalne is located on Crimea's southern shore at an elevation of 134 metres (440 ft). Its population was 6 in the 2001 Ukrainian census. Current population: 143 (2014 Census).
# Diego Columbus (Lucayan)

Diego Columbus (Spanish: Diego Colón) was a Lucayan Taíno taken from the island of Guanahani and adopted by Christopher Columbus.
Diego's Lucayan name is unknown, but he was an inhabitant of Guanahani (later San Salvador) in October 1492, when Christopher Columbus made landfall during his first voyage. During the fleet's stay at the island from October 12–14, Columbus abducted seven of the Native inhabitants for use as guides and translators, including the future Diego. Believed to have been 13–15 years of age, he seemingly distinguished himself to Columbus throughout the voyage due to his notable intelligence and rapid acquisition of Spanish customs.
Diego was one of ten Natives taken back to Spain aboard the Niña in January 1493. Arriving at Palos de la Frontera in March, he was taken to and presented to the Royal Court in Barcelona with the other Natives in April. There they became the first Native Americans to be baptized during a ceremony officiated by Cardinal Pedro González de Mendoza, following which he was adopted by Columbus, receiving the name Diego.
By the time of Columbus' second voyage in 1493, all ten Natives were either sick with or died from contracted disease, with the exception of Diego. Returning with three others to Hispaniola later that year, Diego became Columbus' chief interpreter and played a vital role in discovering the fate of the fort of La Navidad which had been left under the watch of Cacique Guacanagari during the first voyage.
Diego served Columbus faithfully during his remaining time in the Indies, with Columbus negotiating a marriage between Diego and Cora, the sister of Guarionex, another Hispaniolan Cacique. This marriage produced one son, also named Diego, who was later sent to be educated in Castile but died of an illness in 1506.
Confined to Santo Domingo for the remainder of his life, the last record of Diego is dated to 1514. His longtime colleague, Bartolomé de las Casas, claimed to have met with him in the years after.
A deadly smallpox epidemic would sweep Hispaniola in 1519, after which Diego Columbus is no longer listed in official records.

## In fiction

José Barreiro's The Indian Chronicles consists of a fictionalized memoir written by Diego reflecting on the events of his life.
# Giacomo Tranchida

Giacomo Tranchida (born 2 February 1963 in Valderice) is an Italian politician.
He joined the Democratic Party of the Left in 1991 and was elected mayor of Valderice in 1994 and re-elected for a second term in 1998. As a member of the Democratic Party, he was then mayor of Erice from 2007 to 2017.
Tranchida was elected mayor of Trapani at the 2018 Italian local elections. He took office on 13 June 2018.
# Buhr

Buhr is a surname.
Notable people with this surname include:
* Arturo García Buhr, actor
* Beverly Buhr, speed skater
* Florence Buhr, politician
* Gannon Buhr, professional disc golfer
* George Buhr, football coach
* Gérard Buhr, actor
* Glenn Buhr, composer
* Karina Buhr, singer
* Liane Buhr, coxswain
* Reba Buhr, voice actor
# 568

.. 743.₹30₹
Year 568 (DLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 568 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Europe

* Spring – The Lombards, led by King Alboin, cross the Julian Alps. Their invasion of Northern Italy is almost unopposed; withered Byzantine forces, that remain in the Po Valley and are based at Ravenna, are no match for the overwhelming Lombard incursion. Residents of the Italian countryside flee at the Lombards' approach. Some retreat to the barrier islands along the shore of the Northern Adriatic Sea, where they establish permanent settlements: the nascent city of Venice.
* The Byzantines abandon present-day Lombardy and Tuscany, to establish a frontier march in the hills south of Ravenna (still known as Le Marche). Bavarians, Sarmatians, Saxons and Taifali, join the invasion en route. As they advance, the vacuum left behind them on the Balkan Peninsula is filled by Avars, Bulgars and Slavs.
* Sigebert I, king of Austrasia, repels a second attack from the Avars. His half brother Chilperic I strangles his wife Galswintha at the instigation of his mistress Fredegund.
* Liuvigild is declared co-king and heir after the second year of the reign of his brother Liuva I. He becomes ruler over the Visigoths in Hispania Citerior (Eastern Spain).
* Mummolus, Gallo-Roman prefect, defeats the Lombards at Embrun and expels them from Provence (Southern Gaul).
* The Avar Khaganate attempts to expel Kutrigurs who had fled the Göktürks, ordering them to go south of the Sava River; those who leave generally fall under rule of the Turks.

#### Britain

* Æthelric succeeds his brother Adda as king of Bernicia (modern Scotland). He rules from 568–572 (approximate date).
* Battle of Wibbandun: Ceawlin of Wessex defeats Æthelberht of Kent (according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle).

#### Asia

* The Turks and Sassanids succeed in destroying the Hepthalites on the eastern frontier (approximate date).
* A Turkish khan sends emissaries to the Byzantine Empire (approximate date).

### By topic
#### Religion

* Emperor Justin II and his wife Sophia send the Cross of Justin II ("Vatican Cross") to Rome, to improve the relations with the Byzantine Empire.
* Paulinus I, patriarch of Aquileia, flees with the treasures of his church and transfers them to the island of Grado.

## Births

* Feng Deyi, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (d. 627)
* Ingund, princess, spouse of Visigoth prince Hermenegild (d. 584)
* Liu Wenjing, chancellor of the Tang dynasty (d. 619)

## Deaths

* Adda, king of Bernicia (approximate date)
* Galswintha, queen consort of Neustria, married to Chilperic I (b. 540)
# Bill Renick

William J. Renick (born June 16, 1953) is an American politician.
Renick was born on June 16, 1953, in Ashland, Mississippi, to Jack and Lillie Jean Renick. He graduated from Frayser High School in Memphis, Tennessee. At the age of 18, he became one of the youngest elected officials in the history of Mississippi when he was elected an alderman for the city of Ashland. At the age of 27, Renick became one of Mississippi's youngest mayors. He was later elected a Benton County Supervisor, where he helped to start the North Benton County Health Care, Inc. which would later become North Mississippi Primary Health Care, Inc.
From 1988 to 1992, Renick served as a member of the Mississippi State Senate representing Marshall, Benton and Tippah Counties in north Mississippi. In 1989, Renick was targeted in a lawsuit by the Mississippi Attorney General's office as well as the state Ethics Commission. In the lawsuit, Renick was charged with using his position as Benton County supervisor to benefit his own trucking company; the suit was dismissed. When his Senate colleague, Eddie Briggs (R) was elected Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi, Renick became his chief of staff. In 2002, another former State Senate colleague, Governor Ronnie Musgrove (D), hired Renick as Chief of Staff to the Governor. He campaigned for Governor of Mississippi as a Democrat before withdrawing on April 23, 2007.
In June 2022, President Joe Biden nominated Renick to the nine-member Board of Directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority. Renick's appointment was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on December 21, 2022. His term on the Board started on June 4, 2024, and is scheduled to end on May 18, 2027.
# Łany, Jędrzejów County

Łany is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wodzisław, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) north-west of Wodzisław, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Jędrzejów, and 51 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.