OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gaita de boto

The gaita de boto is a type of bagpipe native to the Aragon region of northern Spain.
Its use and construction were nearly extinct by the 1970s, when a revival of folk music began. Today there are various gaita builders, various schools and associations for gaita players, and more than a dozen Aragonese folk music groups which include the instrument in their ensemble. Most importantly, there are now several hundred gaiteros within Aragon.

## Construction

The gaita de boto consists of
* a bag (boto) to provide air
* a blowpipe (soplador) to fill the bag with air by mouth
* a chanter (clarín) to play the melody
* a bass drone (bordón) to produce a continuous bass note
* a tenor drone (bordoneta) which produces a constant note an octave higher than the bordón
The bag is traditionally made of goatskin and of large volume. At the hole in the skin corresponding to the neck of the goat they attach a stock with two holes where the clarín and bordoneta are placed side by side. It is the only bagpipe in Iberia where the chanter and drone are placed parallel to one another. At holes placed further back they insert a stock to insert the blowpipe, and another for the bordón.
The location of the bordón is also distinctive, below the right arm of the player, as opposed to the standard Galician and Asturian bagpipe traditions which place the bordón over the shoulder.
The boto is covered with a fabric bag covering, resembling a child's dress often with a colourful pattern. There is a folk belief that the origin of the custom is that a piper in antiquity dressed his gaita in the clothing of his deceased daughter as a memorial.
The drones have reinforcing rings of pewter or horn, and some players also, whether out of fashion or superstition, wrap various portions of the pipes with snakeskin.

## Acoustic characteristics

The double-reeded chanter allows open or semi-closed fingering. It is generally pitched in the key of C major, which also allows playing in the relative key of A minor. The chanter's range is from B to C an octave above. The bordón is pitched at C, as is the bordonetta (an octave higher). Gaitas me also be found pitched in D or B♭.

## Use

The gaita de boto is principally used to accompany traditional and ritual dances. Currently it is used in such cases, promoted by the general recuperation and restoration of nearly-extinct ancient dances. However, the gaita has also reached larger popularity with Aragonese folk music groups, and has been used in their compositions. Groups such as Ixo Rai, La Ronda de Boltaña, Somerondón, La Orquestina del Fabirol, Lurte, Cornamusa, and Biella Nuei have increased the prominence of the gaita de boto within Aragon and abroad.
Traditionally, the gaita de boto was a solo instrument. It was also played with the trompa de Ribagorza until the start of the 1900s. Following its revival, the gaita has frequently been played with the dulzaina and drum and played alongside many other acoustic and electric instruments in folk music groups.
# Guilherme Rech

Guilherme Rech (born 5 January 2001) is a Brazilian volleyball player who plays as a middle blocker.

## Sporting achievements
### Clubs

Brazilian Super Cup:
* 2021, 2022
FIVB Men's Club World Championship:
* 2021
* 2022
Men's South American Club Championship:
* 2022, 2023
Brazilian Championship:
* 2022, 2023
Brazilian Cup:
* 2023

### National team

Boys' Youth South American Championship:
* 2018
# Hiram na Anak

Hiram na Anak (transl. borrowed child / international title: Borrowed Embrace) is a 2019 Philippine television drama series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Gil Tejada Jr., it stars Yasmien Kurdi, Dion Ignacio and Leanne Bautista in the title role. It premiered on February 25, 2019 on the network's afternoon line up. The series concluded on May 3, 2019, with a total of 48 episodes.
The series is streaming online on YouTube.

## Cast and characters
### Lead cast

* Yasmien Kurdi as Miren Alonta-Sandejo
* Dion Ignacio as Adrian Sandejo
* Leanne Bautista as Bernadette "Duday" A. Sandejo

### Supporting cast

* Paolo Contis as Benjo Alvarez
* Lauren Young as Odessa "Dessa" Saint
* Empress Schuck as Rowena "Wena" Barrion-Alvarez
* Vaness del Moral as Alma Alonta
* Sef Cadayona as Vince Urbanez
* Maey Bautista as Engke Magpugay
* Rita Avila as Hilda Sandejo

### Guest cast

* Kim Belles as Janice
* James Merilo as Arvi
* Marnie Lapus as Maggie
* Tony Mabesa as Pedro
* Tonio Quiazon as Renato
* Kiel Rodriguez as Alex
* Lao Rodriguez as Pabs
* Brylle Mondejar as Martinez
* John Philip Koch as Rigor

## Production

Principal photography concluded on April 27, 2019.

## Ratings

According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Nationwide Urban Television Audience Measurement People in television homes, the final episode of Hiram na Anak scored a 6% rating.

## Accolades

Accolades received by Hiram na Anak :
| Year | Awards | Category | Recipient | Result | Ref. |
| 2019 | 33rd PMPC Star Awards for Television | Best Drama Actress | Yasmien Kurdi | Nominated | |
# Lunitidal interval

The lunitidal interval measures the time lag from lunar culmination to the next high tide at a given location. It is also called the high water interval (HWI). Sometimes a term is not used for the time lag, but instead the terms age or establishment of the tide are used for the entry that is in tide tables.
Tides are known to be mainly caused by the Moon's gravity. Theoretically, peak tidal forces at a given location would concur when the Moon reaches the meridian, but a delay usually precedes high tide, depending largely on the shape of the coastline and the sea floor. Therefore, the lunitidal interval varies from place to place – from three hours over deep oceans to eight hours at New York Harbor. The lunitidal interval further varies within about 3h ± 30 minutes according to the lunar phase. (This is caused by the time interval associated with the solar tides.)
Hundreds of factors are involved in the lunitidal interval, especially near the shoreline. However, for those far away enough from the coast, the dominating consideration is the speed of gravity waves, which increases with the water's depth. It is proportional to the square root of the depth, for the extremely long gravity waves that transport the water that is following the Moon around the Earth. The oceans are about 4 km (2.5 mi) deep and would have to be at least 22 km (14 mi) deep for these waves to keep up with the Moon. As mentioned above, a similar time lag accompanies the solar tides, a complicating factor that varies with the lunar phases. By observing the age of leap tides, it becomes clear that the delay can actually exceed 24 hours in some locations.
The approximate lunitidal interval can be calculated if the moonrise, moonset, and high tide times are known for a location. In the Northern Hemisphere, the Moon reaches its highest point when it is southernmost in the sky. Lunar data are available from printed or online tables. Tide tables forecast the time of the next high water. The difference between these two times is the lunitidal interval. This value can be used to calibrate tide clock and wristwatches to allow for simple but crude tidal predictions. The lunitidal intervals vary day-by-day even at a given location.
# Gari-Gombo

Gari-Gombo is a town and commune in Cameroon.
# Luciano Piquè

Luciano Piquè (10 June 1935 – 2 November 2021) was an Italian professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Udinese, Genoa, Savona and Virtus Entella.

## Managerial career

Having managed lower-league side Alassio while he played for them, Piquè would go on to manage at Canelli and Omegna, before taking charge of Pro Vercelli for the 1979–80 Serie D season.
# Firenze Tennis Cup

The Firenze Tennis Cup is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Florence, Italy since 2018.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2019 | Marco Trungelliti | Pedro Sousa | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 2018 | Pablo Andújar | Marco Trungelliti | 7–5, 6–3 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2019 | Luca Margaroli Adil Shamasdin | Gerard Granollers Pedro Martínez | 7–5, 6–7$^{(6–8)}$, [14–12] |
| 2018 | Rameez Junaid David Pel | Filippo Baldi Salvatore Caruso | 7–5, 3–6, [10–7] |
# Sebastian Brodrick

Sebastian Brodrick (9 July 1938 – 3 January 2024), also known as Sebastian Broderick-Imasuen, was a Nigerian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics. In 1985, Brodrick coached the Nigeria under-17 national team to victory at the inaugural 1985 FIFA U-16 World Championship in China, winning the final match in Beijing against West Germany by a score of 2–0.
Brodrick died on 3 January 2024, at the age of 85. He had been diagnosed with an ischemic stroke in December 2022.
# Disney Movie Magic

Disney Movie Magic is a nighttime projection mapping show that debuted at Disney's Hollywood Studios, Walt Disney World on May 26, 2017. It is projected onto the façade of the park's Chinese Theater (Mickey and Minnie's Runaway Railway). It features the live-action films from Walt Disney Studios. The show was temporarily replaced by a new show, Wonderful World of Animation as part of its 30th anniversary celebration.
The show was originally supposed to return for a 2020 limited run on March 13, which would have included a brand new sequence to coincide with the theatrical release of Mulan, but it instead remained closed due to the coronavirus outbreaks. An updated version of the show returned in November 2021 as part of Walt Disney World's 50th anniversary celebration, running alongside Wonderful World of Animation.

## Projections

The main projections included:
* "Be Our Guest" scene from Beauty and the Beast
* "Step in Time" scene from Mary Poppins
* The Jungle Book
* Pirates of the Caribbean
* Indiana Jones
* A Wrinkle in Time / Mulan (2021 edition)
* Tron: Legacy
* Doctor Strange
* Guardians of the Galaxy
Other snippets in between include:
* Old Yeller
* Into the Woods
* Saving Mr. Banks
* Queen of Katwe
* The Finest Hours
* Alice in Wonderland
* Pete's Dragon
* Good Morning, Vietnam
* The Rocketeer
* 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
* Zorro
* Miracle
* Sky High
* Darby O'Gill and the Little People
* The Nightmare Before Christmas
* The Muppets
* Maleficent
* Who Framed Roger Rabbit
* The Black Hole
* Cinderella
* 101 Dalmatians
* Remember the Titans
* Oz the Great and Powerful
* Lt. Robin Crusoe USN
* Sister Act
* The Game Plan
* Newsies
* The Santa Clause
# Hal Manders

Harold Carl Manders (June 14, 1917 – January 21, 2010) was an American professional baseball player, a relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who appeared in 30 games for the Detroit Tigers (1941–42; 1946) and Chicago Cubs (1946).

## Biography

Manders was born in Waukee, Iowa. He attended the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa.
Manders played in 26 games in 1941 and 1942 for the Tigers. He also played in four games in 1946, two each with the Tigers and then two with the Cubs. Listed at 6 feet (1.83 m) tall and 187 pounds (85 kg), Manders batted and threw right-handed.
In a three-season MLB career, Manders posted a 3–1 record with a 4.77 ERA in 30 appearances, including one start, giving up 37 runs (five unearned) on 71 hits and 28 walks while striking out 28 in 601⁄3 innings of work. He did not record a save.
Manders lived to be one of the oldest former Major League ballplayers, dying in Waukee, Iowa, at the age of 92. He is interred at the Waukee Cemetery.
Manders' cousin was Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Bob Feller.
# Ahmet Tümer

Ahmet Tümer (born 15 September 2001) is a Turkish volleyball player who plays as a middle blocker.

## Club career
### Galatasaray

On 14 June 2023, he signed a new 2-year contract with Galatasaray HDI Sigorta.
# Sebastiano Pinna

Sebastiano Pinna (born 9 April 1971) is a retired Italian football midfielder.
# 2024 Derdghaya Melkite Church airstrike

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
On 9 October 2024, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) conducted an airstrike on the St. George Melkite Catholic Church in the village of Derdghaya, in Southern Lebanon, as part of the 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon. The airstrike killed at least eight people inside the church. The IDF also hit the house of a priest and the parish offices.

## Background

As a result of the 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon, 1.2 million Lebanese citizens have been displaced from their homes. The Melkite Church in Derdghaya, Tyre District was housing some of these displaced in the church and two of the adjoining halls.
The church had been previously bombed by Israel in 1978 and again in 1992. According to the priest of the church, Father Maurice el Khoury, the church lost its western wall during the First Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1978, and residential rooms of the church were hit by Israeli airstrikes in 1992.

## Airstrike

The Catholic pastoral aid organization, Aid to the Church in Need reported that on 9 October 2024, an Israeli missile hit the church, completely destroying it and killing at least eight people inside. Another missile hit a priests house and a three-story building which had the parish offices, completely destroying them as well.
The Israeli army claimed that the attack was directed against militiamen.

## Reactions
### Religious leaders

On 11 October 2024, Pope Francis released two statements on Twitter stating,
   All nations have the right to exist in peace and security. Their territories must not be attacked, and their sovereignty must be respected and guaranteed through peace and dialogue. War and hatred bring only death and destruction for everyone. #Peace
and
   I call for an immediate ceasefire in all theatres of conflict in the Middle East, including Lebanon. Let us #PrayTogether for the Lebanese people, especially for residents in the south who have been forced to flee their homes. May they soon be able to return and live in #Peace.
The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, Cardinal Pierbattista Pizzaballa, issued a statement that same day saying “We will not surrender to events that seem to drive us apart, but we will always seek to be thirsty builders of peace and justice.”
# Abdul Fattah Mahmood

Abdul Fattah bin Mahmood is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Bukit Panau since March 2004. He is a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition.

## Election Results

Kelantan State Legislative Assembly :
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout |
| 2004 | N26 Bukit Panau | Abdul Fattah Mahmood (PAS) | 6,926 | 51.59% | Baharudin Yusof (UMNO) | 6,500 | 48.41% | 13,861 | 426 | 81.45% |
| 2008 | N26 Bukit Panau | Abdul Fattah Mahmood (PAS) | 10,129 | 63.01% | Nik Kemaruzaman Sulong (UMNO) | 5,946 | 36.99% | 16,337 | 4,183 | 79.92% |
| 2013 | N26 Bukit Panau | Abdul Fattah Mahmood (PAS) | 13,292 | 58.19% | Baharudin Yusof (UMNO) | 9,552 | 41.81% | 23,103 | 3,740 | 84.60% |
| 2018 | N26 Bukit Panau | Abdul Fattah Mahmood (PAS) | 14,506 | 52.40% | Dayang Saniah Awang Hamid (UMNO) | 10,215 | 36.90% | 28,171 | 4,291 | 80.90% |
| 2018 | N26 Bukit Panau | Abdul Fattah Mahmood (PAS) | 14,506 | 52.40% | Hisham Fauzi (AMANAH) | 2,963 | 10.70% | 28,171 | 4,291 | 80.90% |
| 2023 | N26 Bukit Panau | Abdul Fattah Mahmood (PAS) | 22,582 | 79.14% | Samsul Adabi Mamat (AMANAH) | 5,954 | 20.86% | 28,704 | 16,628 | 57.29% |

## Honours

* Kelantan :
** Knight Commander of the Order of the Life of the Crown of Kelantan (DJMK) – Dato' (2011)
# Trenton Township, Edwards County, Kansas

Trenton Township is a township in Edwards County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 306.

## Geography

Trenton Township covers an area of 52.56 square miles (136.1 km$^2$) and contains one incorporated settlement, Offerle.
# Paul Gordan

Paul Albert Gordan (27 April 1837 – 21 December 1912) was a German mathematician known for work in invariant theory and for the Clebsch–Gordan coefficients and Gordan's lemma. He was called "the king of invariant theory". His most famous result is that the ring of invariants of binary forms of fixed degree is finitely generated. Clebsch–Gordan coefficients are named after him and Alfred Clebsch. Gordan also served as the thesis advisor for Emmy Noether.

## Life and Career

Gordan was born to Jewish parents in Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland), and died in Erlangen, Germany.
He received his Dr. phil. at the University of Breslau with the thesis De Linea Geodetica, (On Geodesics of Spheroids) under Carl Jacobi in 1862. He moved to Erlangen in 1874 to become professor of mathematics at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
A famous quote attributed to Gordan about David Hilbert's proof of Hilbert's basis theorem, a result which vastly generalized his result on invariants, is "This is not mathematics; this is theology." The proof in question was the (non-constructive) existence of a finite basis for invariants. It is not clear if Gordan really said this since the earliest reference to it is 25 years after the events and after his death. Nor is it clear whether the quote was intended as criticism, or praise, or a subtle joke. Gordan himself encouraged Hilbert and used Hilbert's results and methods, and the widespread story that he opposed Hilbert's work on invariant theory is a myth (though he did correctly point out in a referee's report that some of the reasoning in Hilbert's paper was incomplete).
He later said "I have convinced myself that even theology has its merits". He also published a simplified version of the proof.

## Publications

* Gordan, Paul (1885). Vorlesungen über Invariantentheorie. Vol. 1. Teubner. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
* Gordan, Paul (1887). Dr. Paul Gordan's Vorlesungen über Invariantentheorie. Vol. 2. B. G. Teubner. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
* Gordan, Paul (1987) [1885], Kerschensteiner, Georg (ed.), Vorlesungen über Invariantentheorie (2nd ed.), New York: Chelsea Publishing Co. or American Mathematical Society, ISBN 978-0-8284-0328-3, MR 0917266
# Maabatli

Maabatli (Arabic: معبطلي, romanized: Maabatli or Mobetan, Kurdish: Mabeta or Mabata), is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Aleppo Governorate, located northwest of Aleppo in the center of Afrin District. Nearby localities include Afrin to the southeast, Rajo to the northwest and Jindires to the south. The town is also the administrative center of the Maabatli nahiyah of the Afrin District with a combined population of 11,741. Previously controlled by the YPG since 2012, Syrian National Army forces occupied the city alongside the Afrin city center on March 18, 2018.

## Demographics

The majority of its inhabitants are of Kurdish ethnicity and are mostly Alevis. Some of them come in the 1930s Kurdish Alevis who fled the persecution of the Turkish Army during the Dersim massacre and the Grey Wolves during the Maras Massacre, settled in Mabeta.
# AG Saño

Amado Guerrero Saño, also known as AG Saño, is a Filipino muralist, conservationist, photographer, landscape architect, and environmental activist best known for numerous prominent advocacy murals along main thoroughfares around the Philippines' National Capital Region, promoting themes including marine wildlife conservation, peace, environmental protection, indigenous people's rights, and the recognition of the role women have played in Philippine history.
In 2000, he was among seven friends who cofounded the Humpback Whale Research and Conservation Project, which eventually became the Philippine advocacy group known as balyena.org.
Saño started painting at the age of 10 and received apprenticeship under painter Fernando Sena. He earned a degree of landscape architeture at the University of the Philippines Diliman and became a wildlife photographer by 2000. He was a Florida-based photographer for the Disney Company in 2007 and resigned in 2010 and did marine research in the Babuyan Islands. After watching The Cove in March 2010, he resigned from his job and began painting murals of dolphins.
Saño has been recognized as one of the Heroes for Peace awardees in the 5th Multiple Intelligence International School Awards, and has been named Arts for Peace Ambassador by the Asia-America Initiative in recognition of his contributions to the Bangsamoro peace process.
# Daniel Alcides Carrión National University

The Daniel Alcides Carrión National University (Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión), or UNDAC for short, is the public university of Cerro de Pasco, Peru. It was founded by decree law no. 15527 on April 12, 1965. The university runs establishments in La Oroya, Oxapampa, Yanahuanca, Paucartambo, Tarma and La Merced.

## Faculties

The UNDAC offers 21 bachelor, 17 master, and 3 doctoral programs, and is organized into 11 faculties:
* Faculty of Dentistry;
* Faculty of Health Sciences;
* Faculty of Education;
* Faculty of Communication Sciences;
* Faculty of Agricultural Sciences;
* Faculty of Engineering;
* Faculty of Mining;
* Faculty of Economics;
* Faculty of Business Administration;
* Faculty of Law and Political Sciences;
* Faculty of Medicine.
# James Halyburton (reformer)

James Halyburton (1518 – February 1589) was a Scottish Protestant reformer.

## Life

He was educated at the University of St Andrews, Fife, where he graduated MA in 1538.
From 1553 to 1586 he was Provost of Dundee and a prominent figure in national life. He was chosen as one of the lords of the congregation in 1557, and commanded the contingents sent by Forfar and Fife against Elizabeth I of England in 1559. He took part in the defence of Edinburgh, and in the battles of Langside (1568) and Restalrig (1571).
He had stoutly opposed the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots, to Lord Darnley, and when, after Restalrig, he was captured by the queen's troops, he narrowly escaped execution. He represented Morton at the conference of 1578, and was one of the royal commissioners to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1582 and again in 1588.