# CAIG Wing Loong II

The Chengdu GJ-2, also known as Wing Loong 2, is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capable of remotely controlled or autonomous flight developed by the Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group in the People's Republic of China. Intended for use as a surveillance and aerial reconnaissance and precision strike platform, Chengdu unveiled the concept of Wing Loong II at the Aviation Expo China in Beijing in September 2015. Wing Loong II has long range strike capability with a satellite link.

## Development

The prototype of the Wing Loong II was presented for the first time to the public during the Airshow China exhibition, held in Zhuhai from 1–6 November 2016.

## Design

The Wing Loong II UAV MALE is an enlarged version of the Wing Loong I with a longer body and wider wing span. It has a slender fuselage, V-tail, and ventral fin. The aircraft features retractable landing gear, including two main wheels under the fuselage and one single wheel under the nose. Each wing has three hardpoints under the wings with the capability of carrying bombs, rockets, or air-to-surface missiles. A satellite communications antenna is situated on the top front surface of the fuselage, offering long range data transmission between the UAV and the ground station.

### Comparison

Comparison of Chinese military UAVs :
| Variant | Armaments | Takeoff weight | Engine type | Maximum cruise speed | Operational endurance |
| CH-1 | No | 220 kg | Piston | 140 km/h | 6 hours |
| CH-2 | No | 220 kg | Piston | 160 km/h | 8 hours |
| CH-3 | Yes, 80 kg | 650 kg | Piston | 220 km/h | 12 hours |
| CH-4 | Yes, 345 kg | 1330 kg | Piston | 180 km/h | 30 hours for recon / 12 hours for strike |
| CH-5 | Yes, 1000 kg | 3300 kg | Turboprop | 220 km/h | 60 hours for recon / 30 hours with 8 AR-1 missiles |
| GJ-1 (Wing Loong I) | Yes, 200 kg | 1100 kg | Piston | 280 km/h | 20 hours |
| GJ-2 (Wing Loong II) | Yes, 480 kg | 4200 kg | Turboprop | 370 km/h | 32 hours / 20 hours at max speed |
| Wing Loong III | Yes, 2300 kg | 6200 kg | Turboprop | - | 40 hours |
| WZ-10 (Wing Loong-10) | Yes, 400 kg | 3200 kg | Turbojet/Turbofan | 620 km/h | 32 hours |

## Variants
### GJ-2

    Chinese military version of Wing Loong II. Distinguished by the lack of winglets. Officially entered service with the PLAAF in November 2018.

### Wing Loong II

    An upgraded variant of the Wing Loong-1, with provisions for up to twelve air-to-surface missiles.

### Wing Loong 2H

    Civilian, communication, emergency response variant, equipped with synthetic aperture radar and optoelectronic pod which is able to relay and amplify telecommunication signals. The Wing Loong 2H debuted in July 2021 when it was deployed to assist with rescue work in Central China's Henan Province after unprecedented heavy rainfall flooding, providing a stable communication signal that can be directly used by normal phones with areas of over 50 square kilometers.

### Wing Loong 3

    Enlarged Wing Loong 2 with longer range and endurance hours. It's the first model in the Wing Loong series that is capable of deploying air-to-air missiles and reach intercontinental range. The drone was fitted with the PL-10E infrared missile, a sonobuoy launcher, and miniature UAV under its wings at the airshow display.

## Operational history

The Wing Loong II was used by the UAE to perform airstrikes against the Government of National Accord (GNA) in the Libyan civil war. The GNA received 12 Bayraktar TB2s in two batches between May and July. At least half of them have been destroyed during Libyan National Army (LNA) airstrikes using Wing Loong IIs; the second batch delivered in July was to replace the losses of the first. As of June 2020, a total of 6 Wing Loong IIs have been reported shot down or lost in Libya, all operated by the LNA. One was allegedly shot down by a laser: if this was true then it was the first time in history that a laser weapon shot down a combat vehicle.
An investigation led by BBC Africa Eye and BBC Arabic Documentaries revealed that the UAE used Wing Loong II drones to fire Chinese Blue Arrow 7 missiles at a military academy in Libya's capital, Tripoli, in January 2020, killing 26 unarmed cadets. The drone was operated from Libya's Al-Khadim air base which has been under the control of the UAE.
During the 2021 Henan floods, because of the interruption of communication in some areas due to flooding, the Ministry of Emergency Management dispatched its emergency disaster-response Chengdu Wing Loong II (Wing Loong 2H) to the corresponding areas, and carried out nearly 6 hours of ground reconnaissance and communication relay services.
In 2023 the Nigerian Air Force seems to have struck "Boko Haram" militants using the Wing Loong II. A video of one of the strikes seems to be available online
In 2024, Pakistan carried out a strike on militants within the Iranian border, using Wing Loong IIs alongside JF-17s and F-16s
In June 2024 Italy seized Wing Loong II disguised as wind turbine parts that appear to be in the process of being smuggled to the Libyan National Army.
Also in 2024, the UAE utilized the Wing Loong II to provide the Rapid Support Forces with aerial intelligence during the Sudanese Civil War.
In December 2024 In the Chinese city of Jingzhou, a large Yilong-2H drone crashed into the Olympic Sports center, incidents have raised questions in China about the reliability of using "high-tech" drones in densely populated areas.

## Operators

* Algeria — 24 units on order for the Algerian Air Force; they should be fully operational by 2022.
* China — In service with the People's Liberation Army Air Force since 2018, as GJ-2.
* Egypt
* Libya — In service with the Libyan Air Force that supported the Haftar's forces during the Second Libyan Civil War. Supplied by the UAE.
* Morocco — In service with the Royal Moroccan Air Force
* Nigeria — Used in Boko Haram insurgency.
* Pakistan — In October 2018, it was announced that Pakistan Aeronautical Complex and Chengdu Aircraft Corporation would jointly produce 48 Wing Loong II UAVs for use by the Pakistan Air Force.
* Saudi Arabia — In service with the Royal Saudi Air Force. Used during the Yemeni Civil War against Houthi militias.
* United Arab Emirates — Launch customer for Wing Loong II in 2017.

## Specifications

Data from Army Recognition
General characteristics
* Crew: None
* Length: 11 m (36 ft 1 in)
* Wingspan: 20.5 m (67 ft 3 in)
* Height: 4.1 m (13 ft 5 in)
* Max takeoff weight: 4,200 kg (9,259 lb)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 370 km/h (230 mph, 200 kn)
* Cruise speed: 200 km/h (120 mph, 110 kn)
* Stall speed: 150 km/h (93 mph, 81 kn)
* Endurance: 32 hours
* Service ceiling: 9,900 m (32,500 ft)
Armament Up to 480 kg
* Bombs
** FT-10
** FT-9
** FT-7
** GB7
** GB4
* Missiles
** BRM1
** AKD-10
** BA-7
Avionics
* Air-to-ground radars
* GPS communication system
* Electro-optical pod with day light and infrared cameras and sensors
* Satellite link
* Communications range: >1,000 km (620 mi) with SatCom, ~150 km (93 mi) from Ground Control Station (GCS)