# Deborah Grey

Deborah Cleland Grey (born July 1, 1952) is a retired Canadian politician who served as the leader of the Official Opposition in 2000, from March to September. Grey was elected to the House of Commons in 1989, serving as the member of Parliament (MP) for Beaver River until 1997 and MP for Edmonton North until 2004. Grey was a member of the Reform Party. When Reform merged with the Canadian Alliance in 2000, she served as the interim party leader, making her the first woman to serve as leader of the Opposition. She currently serves on the advisory board of the Leaders' Debates Commission.

## Before politics

Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Grey pursued studies in sociology, English and education at Burrard Inlet Bible Institute, Trinity Western College and the University of Alberta. She then worked as a teacher in a number of rural Alberta communities until 1989.

## Political career

Grey's first run for office was in the 1988 election, when she ran as the Reform candidate in Beaver River, a mostly rural riding in northeastern Alberta. She finished a distant fourth behind Progressive Conservative John Dahmer. However, Dahmer died before he could be sworn in. Grey won a by-election in March 1989, almost tripling her vote total from the 1988 election to become Reform's first MP. It was only the second time the Progressive Conservatives had lost a seat in Alberta since 1968. Party leader Preston Manning immediately named her as Reform's deputy leader. The two were friends for many years; Grey calls him "Misterbrainiola". Her first legislative assistant was a young Stephen Harper.
Reform elected 52 MPs in the 1993 election, replacing the Progressive Conservatives as the main right-wing party in Canada. Grey won her first full term in this election. In addition to her duties as deputy leader, she also became chairwoman of the enlarged Reform caucus. In 1997, Beaver River was abolished and its territory split into two neighbouring ridings. Grey moved to Edmonton North at the request of several local conservatives dissatisfied with being represented by a Liberal, John Loney (elected in the 1993 landslide). Lomey retired ahead of that year's election, and Grey won handily. She continued to represent this riding for the remainder of her career. Reform became the Official Opposition in that election.
Grey served as Reform's deputy leader and caucus chairwoman until March 2000, when the Reform Party was folded into the Canadian Alliance. When Manning stepped down as Leader of the Opposition to contest the Alliance leadership race, Grey was appointed interim leader of the Alliance, and hence Leader of the Opposition. She was the first female Leader of the Opposition in Canadian history. She held the post until new Alliance leader Stockwell Day was elected to the House of Commons in September 2000. He appointed Grey as deputy leader and caucus chairwoman once again.
Grey resigned those posts on April 24, 2001, in protest against Day's leadership. In July of that year, Grey quit the Canadian Alliance and joined 10 other Alliance dissidents in the "Independent Alliance Caucus". While Chuck Strahl eventually emerged as the dissidents' leader, Grey lent the group instant credibility since she had been Reform/Alliance's matriarch as well as the deputy leader. When Day offered an amnesty to the dissidents, Grey was one of seven who turned it down and formed the Democratic Representative Caucus (DRC), led by Strahl with Grey as deputy leader. In September 2001, the DRC formed a coalition caucus with the Progressive Conservatives, and Grey served as chairwoman of the PC-DRC caucus. She later said that she lost confidence in Day after seeing him attack his staffers after a public gaffe.
In April 2002, after Harper defeated Day in the race to be the Alliance leader, Grey and all but two of the DRC MPs rejoined the Alliance caucus, and in December 2003, the Alliance and the Progressive Conservatives ratified an agreement to merge into the Conservative Party of Canada. Grey was co-chair, with former PC leader Peter MacKay, of the new party's first leadership convention in March 2004.
Grey was not shy about tossing verbal barbs at the governing Liberals. She called Jean Chrétien "the Shawinigan Strangler", Don Boudria "Binder Boy", Jane Stewart "Miss Management" and Paul Martin "Captain Whirlybird".
Deborah Grey is also well known for refusing to join the lucrative MP Pension Plan and ridiculing other "MP porkers" for feeding at the public trough. Later she bought her way back into the pension plan resulting in former Prime Minister Joe Clark labelling her the "high priestess of hypocrisy".
Grey's riding of Edmonton North was abolished for the 2004 federal election, and Grey retired from politics rather than attempting nomination in another. She was Western chairwoman of the Conservative campaign in the 2006 election, in which Harper became Prime Minister of Canada.

## Retirement

Shortly after retiring, she published her autobiography, Never Retreat, Never Explain, Never Apologize: My Life and My Politics. In 2007, she was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. On April 22, 2013, she was appointed to the Security Intelligence Review Committee, and along with that appointment, was made a Privy Councillor, giving her the title, "The Honourable". It was announced that Grey was stepping down from the Security Intelligence Review Committee on May 1, 2015, in a press release from the Prime Minister's Office.

## Personal life

Grey has been married to Lewis Larson since August 7, 1993; they have no children together. They are grandparents through Lewis' children by his first marriage.

## Election results

2000 Canadian federal election: Edmonton North :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Expenditures |
| | Alliance | Deborah Grey | 22,063 | 51.21% | $61,317 |
| | Liberal | Jim Jacuta | 14,786 | 34.32% | $28,846 |
| | New Democratic Party | Laurie Lang | 3,216 | 7.46% | $815 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Dean Sanduga | 3,010 | 6.98% | $9,842 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 43,075 | 100.00% |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 174 | 0.40% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 43,249 | 57.20% |
1997 Canadian federal election: Edmonton North :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Expenditures |
| | Reform | Deborah Grey | 16,124 | 44.30% | $56,921 |
| | Liberal | Jonathan Murphy | 11,820 | 32.47% | $46,517 |
| | New Democratic Party | Ray Martin | 5,413 | 14.87% | $60,286 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Mitch Panciuk | 2,811 | 7.72% | $51,169 |
| | Natural Law | Ric Johnsen | 226 | 0.62% | |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 36,394 | 100.00% |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 99 | 0.27% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 36,493 | 55.63% |
1993 Canadian federal election: Beaver River :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Reform | Deborah Grey | 17,731 | 57.97% | +9.27% |
| | Liberal | Michael J. Zacharko | 7,526 | 24.6% | +12.57% |
| | Progressive Conservative | Dave Broda | 3,855 | 12.60% | −17.58% |
| | New Democratic | Eugene Houle | 1,058 | 3.46% | −5.63% |
| | Natural Law | Guy C. Germain | 294 | 0.96% |
| | Independent | B. H. Bud Glenn | 94 | 0.31% |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 30,588 | 100.00% |
| | Reform hold | Reform hold | Swing | Swing | −1.65% |
Canadian federal by-election, March 13, 1989: Beaver River upon death of John Dahmer :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Reform | Deborah Grey | 11,154 | 48.70% | +36.50% |
| | Progressive Conservative | Dave Broda | 6,912 | 30.18% | −10.22% |
| | Liberal | Ernie O. Brosseau | 2,756 | 12.03% | −7.13% |
| | New Democratic | Barbara Bonneau | 2,081 | 9.09% | −9.96% |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 22,903 | 100.00% |
| | Reform gain from Progressive Conservative | Reform gain from Progressive Conservative | Swing | Swing | +23.36% |
vte1988 Canadian federal election: Beaver River :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Progressive Conservative | John Dahmer | 13,768 | 44.30 |
| | Liberal | Ernie Sehn | 6,528 | 21.01 |
| | New Democratic | Brian Luther | 6,492 | 20.89 |
| | Reform | Deborah Grey | 4,158 | 13.38 |
| | Confederation of Regions | Les Johnston | 131 | 0.42 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 31,077 | 100.00 |
| | Progressive Conservative notional hold | Progressive Conservative notional hold | Progressive Conservative notional hold | Progressive Conservative notional hold |