OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Xylyl bromide

Xylyl-bromide, also known as methylbenzyl bromide or T-stoff ('substance-T'), is any member or a mixture of organic chemical compounds with the molecular formula C$_6$H$_4$(CH$_3$)(CH$_2$Br). The mixture was formerly used as a tear gas and has an odor reminiscent of lilac. All members and the mixture are colourless liquids, although commercial or older samples appear yellowish.

## Use as a weapon

Xylyl bromide is an irritant and lachrymatory agent. It has been incorporated in chemical weapons since the early months of World War I. Some commentators say the first use was in August 1914, when the French attacked German soldiers with tear gas grenades, but the agent used in that incident was more likely to be ethyl bromoacetate, which the French had tested before the war.
The first extensive use of xylyl bromide was the firing by German forces of 18,000 "T-shells" at Russian positions in the Battle of Bolimów in January 1915. The shells were modified 15 cm (6 inch) artillery shells containing an explosive charge and c. 3 kg (7 lb) xylyl bromide. The attack was a complete failure because the winter weather was too cold to permit an effective aerosol, and the agent was either blown back towards the German lines, fell harmlessly to the ground, or was insufficiently concentrated to cause damage. A similar attack at Nieuwpoort in March 1915 was also unsuccessful. Nevertheless, because of its ease of manufacture xylyl bromide was widely used in World War I, in particular as a component of the Germans' Weisskreuz (white cross) mixture.

## Structural isomers

Three isomers, collectively referred to by CAS registry number 35884-77-6, are:
* CAS RN 89-92-9: o-xylyl bromide (2-methylbenzyl bromide, systematic name 1-(bromomethyl)-2-methylbenzene)
* CAS RN 620-13-3: m-xylyl bromide (3-methylbenzyl bromide, systematic name 1-(bromomethyl)-3-methylbenzene)
* CAS RN 104-81-4: p-xylyl bromide (4-methylbenzyl bromide, systematic name 1-(bromomethyl)-4-methylbenzene)
In the absence of clarification, the name "xylyl bromide" may refer to any one of these isomers or a mixture of all three.
# 1685 in South Africa

The following lists events that happened during 1685 in South Africa.

## Incumbents

* Governor of the Cape Colony - Simon van der Stel

## Events

* The VOC Commissioner Hendrik van Rheede decrees male slaves to be freed at 25 and females at 22, with targeted work training provided, but this is never enacted upon.
* A slave school is established in the Slave Lodge for VOC slave children.
* Marriages between Dutchmen and female slaves are prohibited, unless the slave has a Dutch father.
* After decades of exploration, an expedition involving Simon van der Stel and other Dutch settlers discovers copper deposits in Namaqualand.
* Simon van der Stel makes the oldest visible engravings of the Heerenlogement cave.
* The Amersfoort anchors at the Cape with a 174-slaves cargo.
* A Constantia farm is granted by the VOC to Simon van der Stel.
* The revocation of the Edict of Nantes leads to the persecution of Huguenots in France.
* The VOC encourages Huguenot immigration to the Cape for agriculture.
# M. A. Baby

Mariam Alexander Baby is an Indian politician and member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) from Kerala. He was elected to the Politburo of CPI(M) in the 20th Congress held at Kozhikode, Kerala, in 2012.

## Personal life

M.A. Baby was born to P.M. Alexander and Lilly Alexander on 5 April 1954 at Prakkulam in Kollam district of Kerala. Baby did his schooling from Prakkulam Lower Primary School and Prakkulam NSS High School. It was during his high school days where he was first acquainted with politics. After completing basic schooling, Baby went to SN College, Kollam for pre-degree (plus two). Later, Baby joined for BA in Political Science in SN College itself. However, he was unable to finish his bachelor's degree.
He is married to Betty Louis and has a son Ashok Betty Nelson.

## Political life

M.A. Baby joined Kerala Students Federation, the predecessor of Students Federation of India, while he was studying at NSS high school, Prakkulam. He has held many responsible positions in Students Federation of India, Democratic Youth Federation of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist). Currently he is a Politburo member of CPI(M).
He served as a Member of Parliament from Rajya Sabha from 1986 to 1998.
He was the Minister of Education in Kerala during the period 2006-2011.
He unsuccessfully contested from Kollam against N. K. Premachandran of Revolutionary Socialist Party during 2014 Indian general elections.
# List of people from Arrah

This is a list of notable residents of Arrah, Bhojpur, Bihar, India.

## Nationalist and independence activists

* Babu Amar Singh
* Hare Krishna Singh
* Veer Kunwar Singh

## Writers and scholars

* Acharya Shivpujan Sahay, writer
* Amitava Kumar, Journalist and writer
* Anil Sinha, IPS
* Avinash Chandra Vidyarthi, Bhojpuri Writer
* Mithileshwar, writer
* Muni Lall, IPS
* Sachchidananda Sinha, lawyer and journalist
* Shashi Bhushan Sahai, IPS
* Kapil Muni Tiwary, Linguist and Professor of English in Yamen

## Politicians

* Jagjivan Ram, 4th deputy Prime Minister of India
* Meira Kumar, Former Lok Sabha Speaker
* Ram Subhag Singh, He was the leader of India's first opposition in the Lok Sabha
* Shailendra Nath Shrivastava Former MP of Patna
* Ram Vishnun Singh, Member of Legislative Assembly
* Amrendra Pratap Singh, Member of Legislative Assembly
* Dinesh Kumar Singh, Member of Legislative Assembly
* Shri Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha, Former Rural Development Minister of Bihar
* Ravindra Kishore Sinha, Former Rajya Sabha MP, Indian Billionaire

## Entertainment

* Pawan Singh, Bhojpuri actor and singer
* S. H. Bihari, lyricist
* Satyakam Anand, actor
* Vishal Aditya Singh, actor and model
* Neeraj Pandey, Film Director
* Kumar Varun, Stand-up Comedian

## Sports

* Rohit Raj, cricketer
# Meeks Creek

Meeks Creek is a western tributary of Lake Tahoe which has its source on Rubicon Lake, 1.2 miles (1.9 km) northeast of Phipps Peak in Desolation Wilderness, trends northwest through Stony Ridge Lake, Shadow Lake, Crag Lake, and Lake Genevieve 3.5 miles (5.6 km), continues northeast 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to Meeks Bay on Lake Tahoe. At its mouth is the tiny town of Meeks Bay, California, in El Dorado County, California, United States.

## History

The stream and bay are named for John Meeks, who owned the land. The Meeks brothers bailed 25 tons of wild hay in the meadows at the mouth of Meeks Creek in 1862.

## Ecology

North American beaver (Castor canadensis) are gradually restoring Meeks Meadow which had been overgrown with coniferous trees. This meadow is an important wildflower viewing area and is easy to access as the trail starts across from Meeks Bay Resort. Mallow, iris, meadow aster, buckwheat, wandering daisy, yarrow, yampah, phlox, scarlet gilia, monkshood, flax and lupine are just some of the flowers that one can see in bloom during the peak flowering time in late June–July.

## Recreation

The Meeks Bay trail follows Meeks Creek, beginning just north of the California State Route 89 bridge over the stream. The first 1.4 miles is along a gentle gated road and parallels Meeks meadow, which after an additional mile meets a trail that courses southwest eventually meeting the Pacific Crest Trail between Phipps Peak and Middle Velma Lake. The total trail length to Rubicon Lake is 8 miles (13.33 km); to Stony Ridge Lake 6.3 miles; to Shadow Lake 5.9 miles; to Hidden Lake 5.7 miles; to Crag Lake 5 miles; to Genevieve Lake 4.5 miles. Crag Lake is a popular day trip goal and swimming lake.
The lower 1.8 miles of trail are also excellent for snowshoeing (3.6 miles round trip and 1,000 feet elevation gain).
# Onorato and Krebs

Taiyo Onorato and Nico Krebs are a Swiss photographer duo. Onorato (born 1979) and Krebs (born 1979) met when they were both students at the Zurich University of the Arts. They have worked collaboratively since 2003.
Their work is included in the collections of Centre national des arts plastiques, Paris, the Museum of Modern Art, Luxembourg, and the Museum of Contemporary Photography, Chicago.
# WVEL

WVEL (1140 AM) is a daytimer radio station licensed to Pekin, Illinois, and serving the Peoria metropolitan area. It is owned by Cumulus Media with the license held by Radio License Holding CBC, LLC. It broadcasts an urban gospel radio format, with some Christian talk and teaching shows, and is known as "Central Illinois' Christian Voice." The radio studios and offices are on Eaton Street in Peoria.
By day, WVEL transmits 5,000 watts non-directional. As 1140 AM is a clear channel frequency, reserved for Class A WRVA Richmond, Virginia, and XEMR Monterrey, Mexico, WVEL must sign off at sunset to avoid interference. During critical hours, WVEL has a power of 3,200 watts.

## History

The station signed on the air on April 21, 1946; 78 years ago (1946-04-21). The original call sign was WSIV. It increased its power to 1,000 watts on 1948. The station was assigned the WVEL call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on January 2, 1979. Before it was acquired by Cumulus Media in 2012, it was owned by Townsquare Media.
# Minister of Foreign Affairs (Czech Republic)

The minister of foreign affairs of the Czech Republic (Czech: Ministr zahraničních věcí České republiky) is a senior official of the Government of the Czech Republic, and as the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is concerned with foreign policy and foreign relations of the Czech Republic.
The minister of foreign affairs is appointed by the president after being nominated by the prime minister.
The minister of foreign affairs along with the finance minister, the minister of defence, and the minister of the interior are generally regarded as the four most important cabinet members because of the importance of their respective ministries.
The current minister of foreign affairs of the Czech Republic is Jan Lipavský.

## List of ministers of foreign affairs of the Czech Republic

| Name | Entered office | Left office | Political party |
| Josef Zieleniec | 1 January 1993 | 23 October 1997 | ODS |
| Jaroslav Šedivý | 8 November 1997 | 17 July 1998 | Independent |
| Jan Kavan | 22 July 1998 | 12 July 2002 | ČSSD |
| Cyril Svoboda | 15 July 2002 | 4 September 2006 | KDU-ČSL |
| Alexandr Vondra | 4 September 2006 | 9 January 2007 | ODS |
| Karel Schwarzenberg | 9 January 2007 | 8 May 2009 | Greens |
| Jan Kohout | 8 May 2009 | 13 July 2010 | Independent |
| Karel Schwarzenberg | 13 July 2010 | 10 July 2013 | TOP 09 |
| Jan Kohout | 10 July 2013 | 29 January 2014 | Independent |
| Lubomír Zaorálek | 29 January 2014 | 13 December 2017 | ČSSD |
| Martin Stropnický | 13 December 2017 | 27 June 2018 | ANO 2011 |
| Jan Hamáček (acting) | 27 June 2018 | 16 October 2018 | ČSSD |
| Tomáš Petříček | 16 October 2018 | 12 April 2021 | ČSSD |
| Jan Hamáček (acting) | 12 April 2021 | 21 April 2021 | ČSSD |
| Jakub Kulhánek | 21 April 2021 | 17 December 2021 | ČSSD |
| Jan Lipavský | 17 December 2021 | Incumbent | Independent |
# Sarcocheilichthys davidi

Sarcocheilichthys davidi is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Gobionidae. the gudgeons. This species is endemic to China.
It is named in honor of the Catholic missionary and zoologist Armand David (1826-1900), who collected the type specimen.
# Newton Municipal Airport (Texas)

Newton Municipal Airport (FAA LID: 61R) is a county-owned, public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) northeast of the central business district of Newton, a city in Newton County, Texas, United States.

## Facilities and aircraft

Newton Municipal Airport covers an area of 92 acres (37 ha) at an elevation of 322 feet (98 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 14/32 with an asphalt surface measuring 4,000 by 60 feet (1,219 x 18 m).
For the 12-month period ending September 26, 2008, the airport had 600 general aviation aircraft operations, an average of 50 per month. At that time there were four aircraft based at this airport: 50% single-engine and 50% ultralight.
# A Shot in the Dark (1941 film)

A Shot in the Dark is a 1941 American comedy mystery film directed by William C. McGann and starring William Lundigan, Nan Wynn and Ricardo Cortez. It was released by Warner Bros. on April 5, 1941. The film was based on the short story "No Hard Feelings" by Frederick Nebel in the Black Mask magazine. The movie is also a remake of the Torchy Blane film Smart Blonde (1937).

## Plot

Nightclub owner Philip Richards announced that he will marry Helen Armstrong and is selling his business to George Kilpatrick. A local racketeer, Schaffer, wants to know why Philip refused his higher offer and makes a threat against George Kilpatrick. Philip's ex-girlfriend Clare Winters try to stop him from selling the club and hold a gun on him, which he takes away and puts in his safe. A reporter, Peter Kennedy who is in love with the club's singer Dixie Waye meets George Kilpatrick at the airport, who on his way to the taxi is shot and killed.
Peter's rival for Dixie's affections, lieutenant William Ryder question Philip about George Kilpatrick's murder. At Philip's apartment, William is introduced to Philip's fiancée Helen and her brother Roger. Waiting at Clare's, Peter finds out that Clare is missing. Later, William and Peter learn that Roger has been attacked in his apartment, and the attacker left behind a handkerchief with the initials "A. M". Peter thinks it might belong to Philip's right-hand man, Al Martin who recently left town. Clare's body is later found, along with the gun that Philip took away from her. The elevator boy reveals that he saw a man matching Philip's description on the same floor where Clare's room is.
William arrests Philip who confesses to the murder but pulls a gun and escapes. William thinks he is protecting someone else and didn't really kill Clare. Dixie accepts a date with Roger and a photographer snap a picture of them together. In a jealous rage, Helen fires Dixie and Peter takes her jealousy that she's not really Roger's sister. William and Peter questions them and Helen confesses that she killed Clare in self-defense when Clare threatened her life. William learns over the telephone that Clare is George Kilpatrick's ex-wife. He later confronts Helen, and Philip who has been hiding in her home comes out. Helen and Roger escape in the confusion. After a chase, they are captured and confess to both murders. William tells Peter that Al and Clare wanted to break Philip's engagement and that Philip was trying to take the blame for Clare's murder to protect Helen. Afterward, they both approach Dixie for a date, but she leaves with a naval officer.

## Cast

* William Lundigan as Peter Kennedy
* Nan Wynn as Dixie Waye
* Ricardo Cortez as Philip Richards
* Regis Toomey as William Ryder
* Maris Wrixon as Helen Armstrong
* Lucia Carroll as Clare Winters
* Don Douglas as Roger Armstrong
* Noel Madison as Al Martin
* Emory Parnell as Marsotti

## Songs

* For You – music by Joe Burke and lyrics by Al Dubin.
* I'm Just Wild About Harry – music by Eubie Blake and lyrics by Noble Sissle.
* It Just Happened – music by Jimmy McHugh and lyrics by Ralph Freed.
# The Forgotten Maggies

The Forgotten Maggies (2009) is a documentary made by Irish film maker Steven O'Riordan about the Magdalene laundries. It was launched at the Galway Film Fleadh 2009. It was screened on the Irish television station TG4 in 2011, attracting over 360,000 viewers. The women who appeared in the documentary, including Mary Teresa Collins, Mary King, Kathleen Legg and Maureen O'Sullivan, were among the first Magdalene women to meet with Irish government officials. These women brought national and international attention to the subject.
# Norm Grier Field

47°20′14″N 122°06′13″W﻿ / ﻿47.33722°N 122.10361°W﻿ / 47.33722; -122.10361
Norman Grier Field (FAA LID: S36), formerly Crest Airpark, is a public airport located five miles (8 km) southeast of the central business district of Kent, a city in King County, Washington, United States.
The airport is on a hill and surrounded by trees. Private residences also surround the airport. Many are able to hangar an aircraft that can be taxied to the runway.

## History

Crest Airpark was developed in 1963 by Al and Virginia Knechtel as a public use privately owned airport. The ownership changed in 1967 when Virginia Knechtel married Stan Neslund following Al Knechtel's death in an airplane accident in 1966. The first of four Flying Acres subdivisions with airpark access was developed in 1970. As of 2024, 118 Flying Acres properties have airport access. In 1974, Bill Lardent and Norman Grier bought the airport property. The Flying Acres subdivisions surrounding the airport remained the property of Stan and Virginia Neslund. Norm Grier purchased total interest of the airport from Bill Lardent in 1980. Norman Grier owned the airport until his death in 2017. It was renamed Norman Grier Field after his death. The airport remains property of the Grier family and is operated by Norm Grier's daughter, Rikki Birge.

## Facilities and aircraft

Norman Grier Field covers an area of 66 acres (27 ha) which contains one asphalt paved runway (15/33) measuring 3,288 x 40 ft (1,002 x 12 m).
100LL fuel is available pay at the pump near the FBO.
For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2005, the airport had 99,000 general aviation aircraft operations, an average of 271 per day. There are 332 aircraft based at this airport: 98% single-engine and 2% multi-engine.
# Amaranthine

Amaranthine, amaranth, or amarantine may refer to:

## Common uses

* Amaranthine (pigment), a betacyanin plant antioxidant and pigment
* Amaranth (color), a shade of reddish-rose
* Amaranth, a genus of plant

## Music

* Amarantine (album), 2005 album by Enya
** "Amarantine" (song), single and title track of the above album
* "Amaranthine", a 1994 song by Faye Wong from the album Sky
* "Amaranthine", a 2011 song by the band Amaranthe from the self-titled album Amaranthe
* "Amaranthine", a 2014 song by the band Crowbar from the album "Symmetry in Black"
* "Amaranthine", a 2015 song by the band Rhombus from the album Purity and Perversion
* "Amaranthine", a 2022 song by the band Cave In from the album Heavy Pendulum

## Games

* Amaranthine, a fictional city featured as the main setting of Dragon Age: Origins – Awakening
# 1655 in South Africa

The following lists events that happened during 1655 in South Africa.

## Incumbents

Commander of the Cape - Jan van Riebeeck

## Events

* The Dutch ensigned Jan Wintervogel explores the Cape interior for trade and arable land, reaching Saldanha Bay.
* Autsumao returns to the Cape after fleeing in 1653, and van Riebeeck allows him to resettle without punishment.
* Willem Muller and Autsumao explore the Hottentots Holland region for livestock trade, and Autsumao also trades on his own account.
* Maize seeds are introduced to the Cape from the Netherlands.
* The first vine is planted in the VOC's garden by Jan van Riebeeck.
* Three slaves from Madagascar arrive at the Cape.
* The first coastal vessel made of Cape timber is launched.
# Jordan Burch

Jordan Isaiah Askew-Burch (born October 10, 2001) is an American football defensive end for the Oregon Ducks. He previously played for the South Carolina Gamecocks.

## Early years

Burch attended the Hammond School in Columbia, South Carolina. He was selected to the play in the 2020 Under Armour All-America Game, where he was selected as a captain. A five-star recruit, Burch committed to play college football at the University of South Carolina.

## College career

Burch played in eight games as a true freshman at South Carolina in 2020 and had 10 tackles. In 2021, he started one of 13 games, recording 26 tackles, one sack and one interception he returned 61 yards for a touchdown. In 2022, started all 13 games and finished with 60 tackles and 3.5 sacks. After the season, Burch entered the transfer portal and transferred to the University of Oregon.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split |
| 6 ft 4+1⁄8 in (1.93 m) | 279 lb (127 kg) | 33 in (0.84 m) | 9+1⁄2 in (0.24 m) | 4.67 s | 1.66 s |
| All values from NFL Combine ||||||
# Adem Huskić

Adem Huskić (born 1955, Bugojno) is a member of the House of Representatives in Bosnia and Herzegovina. He is a member of the Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina led by Haris Silajdžić. In 2009 he called for the official recognition of January 27 as Holocaust Remembrance Day and July 11 as Srebrenica Genocide Remembrance Day. His proposal was voted down by Bosnian Serb MPs. Also together with MPs Remzija Kadrić and Ekrem Ajanović, he proposed to the BH parliament a change to the Criminal Code of Bosnia and Herzegovina where Holocaust, genocide and crimes against humanity denial would be criminalized.
Huskić commemorated the passing of Marek Edelman, the famous Warsaw ghetto commander and friend of Bosnia & Herzegovina On 12.02,2010, Huskic's initiative to mark 27 January as Holocaust Remembrance Day finally passed the first stage in Parliament procedure after almost a year of resistance from Serb delegates.
He is also known as the Bosnian William Proxmire for his persistence in advocating for genocide victims.
Adem Huskić is a member of the Defense committee; Financial committee and the Law committee.
# Hugh Ferguson

Hugh Ferguson is the name of:
* Hugh Ferguson (footballer, born 1895), Scottish footballer for Motherwell and Dundee
* Hugh Ferguson (footballer, born 1926), Northern Irish footballer for Bradford City and Halifax Town
* Hugh Ferguson (politician), Scottish politician
# Sarcocheilichthys kiangsiensis

Sarcocheilichthys kiangsiensis is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Gobionidae, the gudgeons. This fish is found in China.
# Burton, Georgia

The town of Burton, Georgia now lies underwater, covered by Lake Burton. The town was located at the confluence of Dicks Creek and the Tallulah River in Rabun County, Georgia and was established in the first half of the 19th century as a result of the Georgia Gold Rush. The first discovery of gold in Rabun County was just north of Burton, at the confluence of Moccasin Creek and the Tallulah River. The town was named after Jeremiah Burton, who owned the post office and general store there. The Burton Post Office was established in 1875 and discontinued in 1916.
Burton was located along the road from Clayton, Georgia to the Nacoochee Valley and became more than just a gold rush town – it served the corundum mines of Tate City. Eventually, the logging industry built a railway to the town so that lumber from the mountains could be transported to the mill in Helen, Georgia. By the early 20th century, the town of Burton had a population of approximately 200, making it the second largest town in Rabun County. In 1917, the Georgia Railway and Electric Company (predecessor of the Georgia Power Company) purchased the town of Burton and the surrounding homesteads. The dam for Lake Burton was closed on December 22, 1919, and before long the town was submerged.