# Sedgwick County, Kansas

Sedgwick County is located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat is Wichita, the most populous city in the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 523,824, making it the second-most populous county in Kansas. The county was named for John Sedgwick, the highest ranking Union general killed during the American Civil War.

## History
### Early history

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France.
In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre. In 1848, after the Mexican–American War, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo with Spain brought into the United States all or part of land for ten future states, including southwest Kansas. In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, and in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state.

### 19th century

Sedgwick County was founded in 1867, and named after John Sedgwick, who was a major general in the Union Army during the Civil War.
In 1887, the Chicago, Kansas and Nebraska Railway built a branch line north–south from Herington to Caldwell. This branch line connected Herington, Lost Springs, Lincolnville, Antelope, Marion, Aulne, Peabody, Elbing, Whitewater, Furley, Kechi, Wichita, Peck, Corbin, Wellington and Caldwell. By 1893, this branch line was incrementally built to Fort Worth, Texas. This line is called the "OKT". The Chicago, Kansas and Nebraska Railway was foreclosed in 1891 and was taken over by Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway, which shut down in 1980 and reorganized as Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas Railroad, merged in 1988 with Missouri Pacific Railroad, and finally merged in 1997 with Union Pacific Railroad. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Rock Island".

### 20th century

Sedgwick County was the setting for the murders committed by the BTK strangler from 1974 until 1991. Dennis Rader, an employee of the Sedgwick County city of Park City was arrested in early 2005 after he began sending incriminating letters taunting the police in 2004. He had not been heard from since 1979. Ken Landwehr of the Wichita Police Department led the task force which captured Rader, setting a new standard of serial crime detection in the process, which is still studied by police departments across the world. Rader is serving 10 life sentences at the El Dorado Correctional Facility in El Dorado.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,009 square miles (2,610 km$^2$), of which 998 square miles (2,580 km$^2$) is land and 12 square miles (31 km$^2$) (1.2%) is water.

### Adjacent counties

* Harvey County (north)
* Butler County (east)
* Cowley County (southeast)
* Sumner County (south)
* Kingman County (west)
* Reno County (northwest)

## Demographics

Sedgwick County is part of the Wichita, KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.
As of the census of 2000, there were 452,869 people, 176,444 households, and 117,688 families residing in the county. The population density was 453 inhabitants per square mile (175/km$^2$). There were 191,133 housing units at an average density of 191 per square mile (74/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 79.38% White, 9.13% Black or African American, 1.11% Native American, 3.34% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 4.17% from other races, and 2.81% from two or more races. 8.04% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 176,444 households, out of which 34.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.70% were married couples living together, 10.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.30% were non-families. 28.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.20% under the age of 18, 9.50% from 18 to 24, 30.30% from 25 to 44, 20.60% from 45 to 64, and 11.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.20 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $42,485, and the median income for a family was $51,645. Males had a median income of $37,770 versus $26,153 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,907. About 7.00% of families and 9.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.90% of those under age 18 and 7.00% of those age 65 or over.

## Economy

Sedgwick County is the birthplace of famous restaurants such as White Castle and Pizza Hut. It is also the aviation headquarters of well-known Cessna and Learjet.

## Government
### Elections

United States presidential election results for Sedgwick County, Kansas :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 120,118 | 55.73% | 90,506 | 41.99% | 4,926 | 2.29% |
| 2020 | 122,416 | 54.44% | 95,870 | 42.64% | 6,576 | 2.92% |
| 2016 | 104,353 | 54.41% | 69,627 | 36.30% | 17,818 | 9.29% |
| 2012 | 106,506 | 58.23% | 71,977 | 39.35% | 4,412 | 2.41% |
| 2008 | 106,849 | 55.15% | 82,337 | 42.50% | 4,544 | 2.35% |
| 2004 | 110,381 | 62.12% | 64,839 | 36.49% | 2,459 | 1.38% |
| 2000 | 93,724 | 57.35% | 62,561 | 38.28% | 7,132 | 4.36% |
| 1996 | 93,397 | 56.06% | 59,643 | 35.80% | 13,559 | 8.14% |
| 1992 | 75,577 | 40.53% | 62,670 | 33.61% | 48,228 | 25.86% |
| 1988 | 86,124 | 55.30% | 65,618 | 42.13% | 4,003 | 2.57% |
| 1984 | 95,874 | 62.53% | 55,263 | 36.05% | 2,178 | 1.42% |
| 1980 | 75,317 | 51.79% | 55,105 | 37.89% | 15,009 | 10.32% |
| 1976 | 69,828 | 50.74% | 63,989 | 46.49% | 3,812 | 2.77% |
| 1972 | 83,949 | 65.74% | 39,220 | 30.71% | 4,532 | 3.55% |
| 1968 | 60,853 | 51.80% | 44,041 | 37.49% | 12,575 | 10.70% |
| 1964 | 52,592 | 43.76% | 66,372 | 55.23% | 1,217 | 1.01% |
| 1960 | 73,501 | 55.23% | 58,887 | 44.25% | 696 | 0.52% |
| 1956 | 72,292 | 61.08% | 45,732 | 38.64% | 336 | 0.28% |
| 1952 | 70,983 | 66.47% | 34,926 | 32.71% | 879 | 0.82% |
| 1948 | 39,165 | 49.56% | 38,621 | 48.87% | 1,243 | 1.57% |
| 1944 | 38,896 | 52.78% | 34,442 | 46.73% | 360 | 0.49% |
| 1940 | 32,160 | 48.05% | 34,219 | 51.13% | 547 | 0.82% |
| 1936 | 21,654 | 35.29% | 39,503 | 64.39% | 197 | 0.32% |
| 1932 | 21,815 | 41.48% | 29,344 | 55.79% | 1,435 | 2.73% |
| 1928 | 32,132 | 74.40% | 10,649 | 24.66% | 405 | 0.94% |
| 1924 | 21,144 | 57.23% | 8,712 | 23.58% | 7,087 | 19.18% |
| 1920 | 16,642 | 59.15% | 10,998 | 39.09% | 494 | 1.76% |
| 1916 | 10,899 | 41.79% | 13,391 | 51.34% | 1,792 | 6.87% |
| 1912 | 1,419 | 9.77% | 5,752 | 39.61% | 7,350 | 50.62% |
| 1908 | 6,756 | 50.25% | 6,049 | 44.99% | 640 | 4.76% |
| 1904 | 6,697 | 60.77% | 2,869 | 26.03% | 1,455 | 13.20% |
| 1900 | 5,363 | 50.03% | 5,144 | 47.99% | 212 | 1.98% |
| 1896 | 4,122 | 42.68% | 5,434 | 56.26% | 102 | 1.06% |
| 1892 | 4,770 | 46.68% | 0 | 0.00% | 5,448 | 53.32% |
| 1888 | 6,071 | 55.51% | 4,025 | 36.80% | 841 | 7.69% |
| 1884 | 3,464 | 53.56% | 2,467 | 38.14% | 537 | 8.30% |
| 1880 | 2,288 | 57.11% | 1,354 | 33.80% | 364 | 9.09% |
Sedgwick County is fairly conservative for an urban county. It has only gone Democratic in a presidential election once since 1944. Democratic strength is concentrated in Wichita, while the suburban areas are strongly Republican. However, the county often backs Democrats for the governorship - most recently Laura Kelly in 2022. This makes it a bellwether in local Kansas elections, with the statewide winner almost always winning the county. The last Democratic Senate candidate to win the county was Bill Roy in 1974, while Kansas as a whole has not been represented by a Democrat in the Senate since 1938. In the U.S. House of Representatives, Sedgwick County is represented by Republican Ron Estes. He won the county with a 20.6% margin in 2024.

### Laws

Sedgwick County was a prohibition, or "dry", county until the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 and voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30 percent food sales requirement. The food sales requirement was removed with voter approval in 1988.
Despite its conservative reputation, Sedgwick County voted "No" on the 2022 Kansas abortion referendum, an anti-abortion ballot measure, by 58% to 42% despite backing Donald Trump with 54% of the vote to Joe Biden's 43% in the 2020 presidential election.

## Transportation
### Airports

The following public-use airports are located in Sedgwick County:
* Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport (ICT)
* Beech Factory Airport (BEC)
* Cessna Aircraft Field (CEA)
* Colonel James Jabara Airport (AAO)
* Cook Airfield (K50)
* Maize Airport (70K)
* Westport Airport (71K)
* Westport Auxiliary Airport (72K)
The following are closed airports:
* Riverside Airport (K32)

## Education
### Colleges and universities

* Friends University
* Kansas College of Osteopathic Medicine
* Newman University
* University of Kansas School of Medicine
* WSU Tech
* Wichita State University

### Unified school districts

School districts include:
* Andover USD 385
* Burrton USD 369
* Cheney USD 268
* Circle USD 375
* Clearwater USD 264
* Conway Springs USD 356
* Derby USD 260
* Goddard USD 265
* Halstead–Bentley USD 440
* Haven USD 312
* Haysville USD 261
* Kingman-Norwich USD 331
* Maize USD 266
* Mulvane USD 263
* Remington USD 206
* Renwick USD 267
* Rose Hill USD 394
* Sedgwick USD 439
* Valley Center USD 262
* Wichita USD 259

## Points of interest

* Sedgwick County Extension Arboretum
* Sedgwick County Zoo
* Sedgwick County Fair
* Wichita-Sedgwick County Historical Museum
* INTRUST Bank Arena

## Communities

List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Sedgwick County.

### Cities

‡ means a community has portions in an adjacent county.
* Andale
* Bel Aire
* Bentley
* Cheney
* Clearwater
* Colwich
* Derby
* Eastborough
* Garden Plain
* Goddard
* Haysville
* Kechi
* Maize
* Mount Hope
* Mulvane‡
* Park City
* Sedgwick‡
* Valley Center
* Viola
* Wichita (county seat)

### Unincorporated communities

† means a community is designated a Census-Designated Place (CDP) by the United States Census Bureau.
* Anness
* Aleppo (located at "W 13th St N" and "N 263rd St W")
* Bayneville
* Clonmel
* Furley†
* Greenwich†
* McConnell AFB†
* Oaklawn-Sunview†
* Peck†‡
* Schulte
* St. Marks† (located along "W 29th St N")
* Sunnydale
* Trails View (previously named Spasticville)

### Ghost towns

* Davidson
* Hatfield
* Huckle
* Jamesburg
* Marshall
* Oatville
* Wichita Heights

### Townships

Sedgwick County is divided into twenty-seven townships. The cities of Bel Aire and Wichita are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size. The county used to have one more township, Wichita Township, but it no longer exists.