# Roger Troutman

Roger Troutman (November 29, 1951 – April 25, 1999), also known as just Roger, was an American singer, musician, and the founder of the band Zapp who helped spearhead the funk movement and influenced West Coast hip hop due to the scene's heavy sampling of his music.
Troutman frequently used the talk box, a device that is connected to an instrument (frequently a keyboard, but most commonly a guitar) to create different vocal effects. Troutman used a custom-made talkbox—the Electro Harmonix "Golden Throat"—through a Moog Minimoog and later in his career a Yamaha DX100 FM synthesizer.
As both band leader of Zapp and in his subsequent solo releases, he scored a bevy of funk and R&B hits throughout the 1980s and regularly collaborated with hip hop artists in the 1990s.

## Biography
### Early career

Born in Hamilton, Ohio, Troutman was the fourth of nine children. A graduate of Central State University, his first band was called the Crusaders; however, they are not to be confused with the jazz group featuring Joe Sample and Wilton Felder. Troutman's band played in Cincinnati and recorded a single, "Busted Surfboard"/"Seminole". The band members were Rick Schoeny, Roy Beck, Dave Spitzmiller, and Denny Niebold. Troutman had formed various other bands with his four brothers, including Little Roger, and the Vels, and Roger and the Human Body. In 1977, he and the Human Body issued "Freedom", their first single.
Within two years, Troutman and his brothers were discovered by George Clinton, who signed the newly christened Zapp to his Uncle Jam Records label in 1979. The original line-up consisted of Troutman brothers Roger, Larry, Lester and Terry, along with Gregory Jackson and Bobby Glover. Zapp made their professional television debut on the first and only Funk Music Awards show.
A year later, as Uncle Jam Records was forced to close, Troutman signed with Bootsy Collins under Rubber Band Music to Warner Bros. Records and released his self-titled debut 'Zapp', which yielded "More Bounce to the Ounce", produced by Collins, co- produced, written, composed and performed by Troutman. The song peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Soul Singles chart in late 1980. The debut album reached the top 20 of the Billboard 200.
From 1980 to 1985, Zapp released the gold-selling albums Zapp, Zapp II, Zapp III and The New Zapp IV U, including the Top 10 R&B singles "Be Alright", "Dance Floor", "I Can Make You Dance", "Heartbreaker", "It Doesn't Really Matter" and "Computer Love". Throughout Zapp's history, around 15 musicians participated. In 1993, Zapp released their biggest-selling album: Zapp & Roger: All the Greatest Hits. It featured remixed cuts of Troutman's solo singles along with a new single "Slow and Easy", (featured vocalists Shirley Murdock and Ronnie Diamond). The album sold over two million copies. The album Zapp VI: Back by Popular Demand was released in 2002 by the remaining brothers after the deaths of Roger and Larry.

### Solo career and production work on other artists

In 1981, Troutman cut The Many Facets of Roger, his first solo album. Featuring a funk cover of Marvin Gaye's "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", which went to number 1 on the R&B singles chart, the album sold over a million copies. The album also featured the hit "So Ruff, So Tuff". The same year, Troutman recorded with Parliament-Funkadelic on the band's final Warner Brothers' album The Electric Spanking of War Babies.
In 1984, Troutman issued his second solo album The Saga Continues..., which featured the singles "Girl Cut It Out", "It's in the Mix" (which was dedicated to Soul Train and its host Don Cornelius), and a cover of Wilson Pickett's "In the Midnight Hour", which featured gospel group the Mighty Clouds of Joy. In 1987, Troutman scored his most successful solo album with Unlimited!, carried by the hit "I Want to Be Your Man" which rose to number 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 1 on the R&B chart.
Alongside his successful career as Zapp member and solo artist, Troutman also became a producer and writer for other artists including Shirley Murdock, whose 1985 Platinum debut featured the Troutman-produced hit "As We Lay". He also produced for Zapp member Dale DeGroat on his solo efforts. In 1988, Troutman made an appearance on Scritti Politti's third album Provision, providing talk box vocals on the songs "Boom There She Was" and "Sugar and Spice".
Three years later, Troutman released his final solo album with Bridging the Gap, featuring the hit "Everybody (Get Up)". He worked with Elvis Costello on the song "The Other Side of Summer". In 1989, NBA Entertainment selected Troutman among a variety of candidates to record a tribute song called "I'm So Happy" for Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.

### Career re-emergence

Troutman toured after the release of All the Greatest Hits. He was invited to appear as guest artist on several hip-hop albums, including Snoop Dogg's 1993 debut Doggystyle. In 1995, he was featured on Eazy-E's posthumous album Str8 off tha Streetz of Muthaphukkin Compton on "Eternal E". The same year Troutman featured alongside Dr. Dre on 2Pac's "California Love", which topped the Billboard Hot 100, sold over two million copies, and received a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group. Troutman then produced a top 10 R&B hit cover of the Persuaders' "Thin Line Between Love and Hate", performed by Shirley Murdock and R&B group H-Town, with talk box by Troutman. The movie soundtrack to A Thin Line Between Love and Hate also included a club hit "Chocolate City". In 1998, he appeared in a remix version of Sounds of Blackness' "Hold On (A Change Is Coming)", which sampled Zapp's "Doo-Wah Ditty (Blow That Thang)". Troutman recorded on the song "Master of the Game" from rapper Kool Keith's album Black Elvis/Lost In Space, released in August 1999. The last song Troutman recorded for was "Twisted" on Tech N9ne's album Anghellic, released two years after Troutman's death.

## Death

On the morning of April 25, 1999, Troutman was found shot and critically wounded outside his northwest Dayton recording studio around 7:00 a.m. According to doctors, the 47-year-old had been shot several times in the torso. He died during surgery at the Good Samaritan Hospital and Health Center. His brother Larry was found dead in a car a few blocks away with a single self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head. The car matched the description of a vehicle leaving the scene, according to witnesses. It is believed that Larry had fatally shot Roger, then himself.

## Accolades
### Grammy Awards

The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Troutman has received a sole Grammy nomination.
| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| 1996 | "California Love" | Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group | Nominated |

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Title | Release | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions |
| Title | Release | US | US R&B |
| The Many Facets of Roger | Released: 1981 Label: Warner Bros. | 26 | 1 |
| The Saga Continues... | Released: 1984 Label: Warner Bros. | 64 | 13 |
| Unlimited! | Released: 1987 Label: Reprise | 35 | 4 |
| Bridging the Gap | Released: 1991 Label: Reprise | — | 45 |

### Singles

| Title | Release | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Release | US | US R&B | US Dance | US AC | UK | Album |
| "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" | 1981 | 79 | 1 | 25 | — | — | The Many Facets of Roger |
| "Do It Roger" | 1982 | — | 24 | — | — | — | The Many Facets of Roger |
| "In the Mix" | 1984 | — | 10 | — | — | — | The Saga Continues... |
| "In the Midnight Hour" | 1984 | — | 34 | — | — | — | The Saga Continues... |
| "Girl, Cut It Out" | 1985 | — | 79 | — | — | — | The Saga Continues... |
| "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag" | 1987 | — | 54 | — | — | — | Unlimited! |
| "I Want to Be Your Man" | 1987 | 3 | 1 | — | 22 | 61 | Unlimited! |
| "If You're Serious" | 1987 | — | 32 | — | — | — | Unlimited! |
| "Thrill Seekers" | 1988 | — | 27 | — | — | — | Unlimited! |
| "(Everybody) Get Up" | 1991 | — | 19 | — | — | — | Bridging the Gap |
| "You Should Be Mine" | 1991 | — | 54 | — | — | — | Bridging the Gap |
| "Take Me Back" | 1992 | — | 37 | — | — | — | Bridging the Gap |

#### As featured artist

| Title | Release | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album |
| Title | Release | US | US R&B | Certifications | Album |
| "Boom! There She Was" (Scritti Politti featuring Roger Troutman) | 1988 | 53 | 94 | | Provision |
| "Put Your Lovin' Through the Test" (Keith Sweat featuring Roger Troutman) | 1994 | — | — | | Get Up on It |
| "California Love" (2Pac featuring Dr. Dre and Roger Troutman) | 1995 | 1 | 1 | BPI: Platinum | All Eyez on Me |
| "It's Your Body" (Johnny Gill featuring Roger Troutman) | 1996 | 43 | 19 | | Let's Get the Mood Right |
| "Sweet Sexy Thing" (Nu Flavor featuring Roger Troutman) | 1997 | 62 | 93 | | Nu Flavor |
| "Down for Yours" (Nastyboy Klick featuring Roger Troutman) | 1997 | 69 | 58 | | The First Chapter |
| "Raza Park" (Latino Velvet featuring Don Cisco, Frost and Roger Troutman) | 1998 | — | — | | Latino Velvet Project |
| "All Night" (N2Deep featuring Roger Troutman) | 1998 | — | — | | The Rumble |
| "Master of the Game" (Kool Keith featuring Roger Troutman) | 1999 | — | — | | Black Elvis/Lost in Space |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart. ||||||

#### Soundtrack appearances

| Title | Release | Other performer(s) | Album |
| "Express Yourself" | 1993 | Fu-Schnickens | Addams Family Values |
| "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" | 1995 | | Friday |
| "Chocolate City" | 1996 | Shirley Murdock | A Thin Line Between Love and Hate |
| "A Thin Line Between Love and Hate" | 1996 | H-Town, Shirley Murdock | A Thin Line Between Love and Hate |

#### Guest appearances

| Title | Release | Other performer(s) | Album |
| (several songs) | 1988 | Shirley Murdock | A Woman's Point of View |
| (several songs) | 1989 | Lynch | A Pinch of Lynch |
| "The Jones'" | 1994 | Ahmad | Ahmad |
| "We Want the Funk" | 1994 | Ahmad | Ahmad |
| "Scandalous" | 1995 | The Click | Game Related |
| "Eternal E" | 1996 | Eazy-E | Str8 off tha Streetz of Muthaphukkin Compton |
| "Untouchable" | 1997 | Scarface | The Untouchable |
| "Playaz Need No Love" | 1998 | H-Bomb | Narcissism |
| "4 My Homiez" | 1998 | Vontel | Vision of a Dream |
| "Keep It on the Real" | 1998 | Vontel | Vision of a Dream |
| "Don't Nobody" | 1998 | Vontel | Vision of a Dream |
| "Say Playa" | 1998 | Vontel | Vision of a Dream |
| "Throw It Up" | 1999 | Rappin' 4-Tay, Snoop Dogg, Tray Dee | Introduction to Mackin' |
| "Diamonds and Pearls" | 1999 | Frost, Cameosis | That Was Then, This Is Now Vol. 1 |
| "Twisted" | 2001 | Tech N9ne | Anghellic |
| "Short Times" | 2003 | Da 5 Footaz | The Lost Scrolls |