OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Xate

Xate (pronounce: shatay) are the leaves from three Chamaedorea species of palm tree (Chamaedorea ernesti-augusti, Chamaedorea elegans, and Chamaedorea oblongata).
The fronds are popular in floristry for flower arrangements, Palm Sunday services and funeral decoration, as they can last up to 40 days after being cut. Estimates have calculated an amount of 400 million stems exported from Guatemala and Belize to North America and Europe every year.
There are several plantations of C. oblongata in Mexico and a plantation of C. ernesti-augusti in the Petén region of Guatemala. However, the majority of xate on the international market is the C. oblongata. It is harvested by xateros (a name given to those who harvest xate) from palms in the forests of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize. In the past this has led to a dangerous decline in the Xate population. According to the BBC (2012), C. ernesti-augusti (fishtail palm) which has a good market in Europe, had been over-collected in the forests of Guatemala and Mexico and xateros from Guatemala crossed the Belizean border to cut the leaf. In Guatemala the National Council of Protected Areas (CONAP) took action to protect this valuable natural resource. In 2003 they established standards for the management of naturally growing Xate. After considerable review, these standards were certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in 2007 and were in full effect by 2009. Palms gathered by community forestry concessions in the Maya Biosphere Reserve in Northern Guatemala are certified as sustainably managed by the FSC.
Among other management tools, the standards established a regeneration period of four months during which the xate plant can fully recover and is again ready for harvest. During an intensive period of training and raising awareness, CONAP (aided by Rainforest Alliance) was able to communicate these standards to rural communities in the Mayan Biosphere Reserve which occupies much of northern Guatemala. These communities have been granted forest concessions which gives them the right to practice sustainable forestry in that area. They have responded by dividing their concession area into harvest zones which allow for a 4 month fallow period. Since implementing these practices, naturally growing xate populations have rebounded and are again healthy.
In 2004, Axel Köhler and Tim Trench produced a documentary film called Xateros about these commercial palm leaf collectors in Chiapas' Lacandon Jungle for the Proyecto Videoastas Indigenas de la Frontera Sur.
# List of modeling agencies

This short description is INTENTIONALLY "none" &#x2D; please see WP:SDNONE before you consider changing it! A modeling agency is a company that represents fashion models, to work for the fashion industry. These agencies earn their income via commission, usually from the deal they make with the model, and or the head agency.

## Modeling agencies

| Name | Est. | Country | Comments |
| Elite Model Management | 1972 | France | based in Paris, France with locations in New York, Los Angeles, Miami, London and Toronto |
| Francina International Modeling Agency | 1983 | Spain | established in Barcelona by the model Francina Díaz Mestre |
| Ford Models | 1946 | US | |
| IMG Models | 1987 | US | |
| Look | 1988 | Israel | based in Tel Aviv |
| Look Model Agency | 1986 | US | based in San Francisco |
| Louisa Models | 1990 | Germany | |
| Marilyn Agency | 1985 | France | based in Paris |
| MP Management | 1977 | UK | based in London |
| Munich Models | 1992 | Germany | based in Munich, Germany |
| Next Management | 1989 | US | based in New York City with divisions in London, Los Angeles, Miami, Milan and Paris. |
| Scout Model & Talent Agency | 2010 | US | has offices in San Francisco and Los Angeles |
| Select Model Management | 1977 | UK | |
| Silent Models | 2008 | US | |
| The Society Management | 2013 | US | based in New York City, it is the official U.S. division of the Elite World network. It is also the U.S. branch of the Elite Model Look contest. |
| Stardust Promotion | 1979 | Japan | based in Shibuya, Tokyo |
| Storm Model Management | 1987 | UK | based in Chelsea, London, founded by Sarah Doukas |
| The Lions | 2014 | US | |
| TUARON | 1999 | Latvia | a modeling and talent agency headquartered in Riga, founded in 1999 by Anton Sova. |
| Ugly Models | 1969 | UK | |
| VIVA Model Management | 1988 | France | based in Paris |
| Why Not Model Management | 1976 | Italy | based in Milan |
| Wilhelmina Models | 1967 | US | a modeling and talent agency headquartered in New York City, founded in 1967 by Dutch supermodel Wilhelmina Cooper. |
| Women Management | 1988 | US | based in New York City, it also has offices in Paris and Milan |
| YG KPlus | 2008 | Korea | based in Korea, and owned by YG Entertainment |
| ESteem [ko] | 2005 | Korea | based in Korea, under the company SM Entertainment |
| Zoli Agency | 1971 | US | former modelling agency based in New York City, it was particularly notable in the 1970s and 1980s. It was originally more geared towards male models, and was known as one of the elite male modelling agencies in the 1970s. |
# Haruna Ilerika

Haruna Olatunji Ilerika (27 October 1949 – 4 December 2008) was a Nigerian footballer. Native of Epe, Lagos state, Haruna also attended Lagos city College between 1967 and 1969. He was the school captain and acting coach in 1969 before he moved to Zumratul grammar school.

## Career

Ilerika played for the Nigeria national football team between 1971 and 1976 and spent his entire career with Stationery Stores in Lagos.
He joined Stationery Stores FC in 1971 after a brief stint with the defunct Metal Construction Football Club (Apapa). Metal Construction FC had signed him on after he led the Zumratul-Islamiya Grammar School, Surulere to victory in the 1970 Principals' Cup Football competition for secondary schools in Lagos State.
Nicknamed the "Master Dribbler", Ilerika wore the number 9 jersey while on the national team. His last game was in the final of the 1981 Cup Winners Cup where Stores lost to Cameroun's Union Douala 2-1 on aggregate. Chief Ilerika then moved on to the team's technical bench. At the time of his death, he was the Lagos State Football Association Vice-Chairman.
He died on 4 December 2008 at the age of 59.
# Jack Russell (American football)

James Monroe "Jack" Russell (August 29, 1919 – January 16, 2006) was an American football end.
Russell was born in Nemo, Texas in 1919 and attended Cleburne High School in Cleburne, Texas. He played college football at Baylor. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in 1943 but did not play for them. During World War II, he served in the military and played on the 1944 Randolph Field Ramblers football team. In December 1944, he was named to the 1944 All-Service football team by the Associated Press.
After the war, Russell played professional football in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the New York Yankees from 1946 to 1949 and in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Yanks in 1950. He appeared in 65 professional football games, 56 of them as a starter, and tallied 83 receptions for 1,331 yards and 15 touchdowns. He also played in the Canadian Football League for the Saskatchewan Roughriders from 1951 to 1952.
Russell died in 2006, in Cleburne, Texas.
# Yaoqun

Yaoqun (Chinese: 腰裙), also known as weichang (Chinese: 围裳), is typically a form of abbreviated or short qun, similar to an overskirt, in Hanfu. It was typically worn by Han Chinese women over their long-length qun, traditional Chinese skirts.$^{:48–49}$ It was typically worn along with the ruqun consisting of a short ru, which reaches the waist-level, and a long-length qun.$^{:48–49}$ Throughout centuries, the yaoqun has often depicted in Chinese paintings,$^{:48–49}$ unearthed artifacts and in Chinese tomb mural paintings.

## Similar items

* Baidiequn
* Overskirt
* Bixi
# Alexander Stewart of Darnley (died 1374)

Sir Alexander Stewart of Darnley (died 1374) was a Scottish nobleman.

## Life

Alexander Stewart was the third son of Sir Alan Stewart of Dreghorn and Lady Marion Cameron. By 1345 he had received a charter for lands at Cambusnethan from Robert II. Following the successive deaths of his elder brothers, he inherited their baronies of Cruikston and Darnley, and is referred to as Dominus of the two properties by 1371.
Sir Alexander had a son, Sir Alexander Stewart of Darnley.
# Spanish gallery

The Spanish gallery, also called Spanish museum was a gallery of Spanish painting created by French King Louis Philippe I in 1838, shown in the Louvre, then dismantled in 1853.

## Historical context

Until the French Revolution, Spanish art was seldom shown or known in France. it appeared at the Louvre with the Napoleonic Wars and the looting politics of Vivant Denon. However, stolen art pieces were given back by France after the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815).
Louis Philippe decided in 1835 to found a Spanish painting gallery in the Louvre. He had several motivations:
* He wanted to rebuild contacts with the Spanish branch of the Bourbon dynasty (the relationship with the Spanish branch had been degraded by the Napoleonic Wars), and therefore put himself in the context of the European Royal families to legitimize his new power,
* He also wanted to use the Spanish paintings as a model to renovate French painting, away from the current Neoclassicism of the times.

## Creation of the Gallery

Beginning in 1810, French occupation and repression in Spain made it highly unstable. The secularization of religious orders facilitated the selling of their art pieces outside of the Spanish territory.
In 1835, he founded an "artistic mission" directed by Baron Isidore Taylor, which was in charge of constituting quickly a vast collection of Spanish paintings. Taylor acquired a huge collection of hundreds of paintings from primitive paintings to the Spanish Golden Age. Many of the paintings he acquired were unknown from the public because they came from religious collections.
The Spanish Gallery opened to the public on 1838/01/07, in five rooms on the first floor of the Louvre Cour Carrée's East (Colonnade) Wing. The opening was accompanied by a lot of Royal marketing and publicity. Louis Philippe stressed the point that the collection was acquired on his own founds. The collection counted for example 81 Zurbaran, 39 Murillo, 28 Ribera, 23 Cano, and 19 Velázquez. Many paintings attracted the admiration of the public.
However, the collection, which counted 450 paintings, was criticized for its inconsistency. Taylor sent "en masse" the paintings, without any preliminary selection, and nobody in the Louvre had the required expertise to operate this selection. Masters as Murillo and Zurbaran were shown alongside much smaller artists.

## Dispersion and influence

After the death of Louis Philippe, the collection was dismantled in London, from 6 to 8 May 1853, during an auction in Christie's. Only one painting was forgotten in the reserves and remained in the Louvre (The deploration of Christ by Jaume Huguet). One of the painting came back later to the Louvre in 1908: "Le Christ en croix adoré par deux donateurs" from El Greco, bought from the Prades town for 25000 francs. Nowadays only these two paintings from the initial collection are shown in the Louvre.
This collection was seen by many artists and intellectuals of the time and influenced them. Édouard Manet wrote to Charles Baudelaire, concerning Velazquez, in a letter from the 14 September 1865: "he is the greatest painter of all times.
# Frederick Gough-Calthorpe, 5th Baron Calthorpe

Frederick Henry William Gough-Calthorpe, 5th Baron Calthorpe (24 July 1826 – 25 June 1893), was a British Liberal Party politician.

## Background and education

Born in London, Calthorpe was the eldest son of Frederick Gough, 4th Baron Calthorpe, and Lady Charlotte Sophia Somerset, daughter of Henry Somerset, 6th Duke of Beaufort. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge.

## Political career

Calthorpe was elected to the House of Commons as one of the two Members of Parliament (MPs) for Worcestershire East at a by-election in February 1859. He was re-elected at the general election later in 1859 and again in 1865, and held the seat until May 1868, when he succeeded his father in the barony and took his seat in the House of Lords.

## Personal life

Lord Calthorpe, a member of the Gough-Calthorpe family, died at Grosvenor Square, London, in June 1893, aged 66. He never married and was succeeded in the barony by his younger brother, Augustus Gough-Calthorpe, 6th Baron Calthorpe.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Frederick Gough-Calthorpe, 5th Baron Calthorpe :
* Crest1st: A Boar's Head couped at the neck Azure (Calthorpe); 2nd: A Boar's Head couped Argent pierced through the cheek with a Broken Spear Gules (Gough)
* EscutcheonQuarterly: 1st and 4th, Checky Or and Azure a Fess Ermine (Calthorpe); 2nd and 3rd, Gules on a Fess Argent between three Boars' Heads couped Or a Lion passant Azure (Gough)
* SupportersOn either side a Wild Man proper his Hair and Beard Sable wreathed about the head and waist with Oak Vert fructed Or the exterior hand holding a Club erect of the last
* MottoGradu Diverso Via Una (The same way by different steps)
# Avenue D (Manhattan)

Avenue D is the easternmost named avenue in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, east of Avenue C and west of the FDR Drive. It runs through East 13th and Houston Streets, and continues south of Houston Street as Columbia Street until Delancey Street and Abraham E. Kazan Street until its end at Grand Street. Avenues A, B, C and D are the origin of the name of the section of the East Village neighborhood through which they run, Alphabet City.

## History

The street was created by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, as one of 16 north–south streets specified as 100 feet (30 m) in width; they include 12 numbered avenues, and four (located east of First Avenue) designated by letter.

## Transportation

The M14D SBS bus travels Avenue D East 10th Street to Houston Street then (then south along Columbia Street) to Delancey Street at the Baruch Houses. The M8 routes also travel on the avenue for short stretches.

## Structures

Among the structures along this avenue are:
* Dry Dock Park, located at the northern end (11th and Avenue D), a small park with a public pool—named for the neighborhood's former tradition of ship repair. The corner was formerly the site of the Corn Exchange Bank Trust Co.
* Many of the larger Public Housing projects in Alphabet City are on Avenue D. The east side of Avenue D is flanked by the Jacob Riis Houses (NYCHA housing), named for photographer Jacob Riis, who chronicled the plight of the city's poorest residents. The development was designed by Walker & Gillette and was completed in 1949. Other projects include Baruch Houses, LaGuardia Houses, and the Lillian Wald Houses, named for Lillian D. Wald (1867–1940), who provided aid to the Lower East Side through the Henry Street Settlement and the Visiting Nurses Society.
* Between 5th and 6th Streets, east of Avenue D, was formerly the location of the "Boys Brotherhood Republic", a self-governing youth project of the Henry Street Settlement.
# Sudarium of Oviedo

The Sudarium of Oviedo, or Shroud of Oviedo, is a bloodstained piece of cloth measuring c. 84 x 53 cm (33 x 21 inches) kept in the Cámara Santa of the Cathedral of San Salvador, Oviedo, Spain. The Sudarium (Latin for sweat cloth) is linked to a legend of a cloth that was wrapped around the head of Jesus Christ after he died as described in John 20:6–7.
The cloth has been dated to around AD 700 by radiocarbon dating. However, at the same conference at which this information was presented, it was noted that in actuality the cloth has a definite history extending back to approximately AD 570. The laboratory noted that later oil contamination could have resulted in the late dating.
The small chapel housing it was built specifically for the cloth by King Alfonso II of Asturias in AD 840; the Arca Santa is an elaborate reliquary chest with a Romanesque metal frontal for the storage of the Sudarium and other relics. The Sudarium is displayed to the public three times a year: Good Friday, the Feast of the Triumph of the Cross on 14 September, and its octave on 21 September.

## Background and history

The Sudarium shows signs of advanced deterioration, with dark flecks that are symmetrically arranged but form no image, unlike the markings on the Shroud of Turin. The face cloth is mentioned as having been present in the empty tomb in John 20:6–7. Outside of the Bible the Sudarium is first mentioned in AD 570 by Antoninus of Piacenza, who writes that the Sudarium was being cared for in the vicinity of Jerusalem in a cave near the monastery of Saint Mark.
The Sudarium is presumed to have been taken from Israel in AD 614, after the invasion of the Byzantine provinces by the Sassanid Persian King Khosrau II. In order to avoid destruction in the invasion, it was taken away first to Alexandria by the presbyter Philip, then carried through northern Africa when Khosrau II conquered Alexandria in AD 616 and arrived in Spain shortly thereafter. The Sudarium entered Spain at Cartagena, along with people who were fleeing from the Persians. Fulgentius, bishop of Ecija, welcomed the refugees and the relics, and gave the chest containing the Sudarium to Leandro, bishop of Seville. He took it to Seville, where it spent some years.
In AD 657, it was moved to Toledo, then in AD 718 on to northern Spain to escape the advancing Moors. The Sudarium was hidden in the mountains of Asturias in a cave known as Montesacro until king Alfonso II, having battled back the Moors, built a chapel in Oviedo to house it in AD 840.
On 14 March 1075, King Alfonso VI, his sister and Rodrigo Diaz Vivar (El Cid) opened the chest after days of fasting. The event was recorded on a document preserved in the Capitular Archives at the Cathedral of San Salvador in Oviedo. The king had the oak chest covered in silver with an inscription which reads, "The Sacred Sudarium of Our Lord Jesus Christ."
# Vela 2A

Vela 2A, also known as Vela 3, Vela Hotel 3 and OPS 3662, was a U.S. military satellite developed to detect nuclear detonations to monitor compliance with the 1963 Partial Test Ban Treaty by the Soviet Union. The secondary task of the ship was space research (X-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, magnetic field and charged particles).

## Launch

Vela 2A was released on July 17, 1964, from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, through an Atlas-Agena launch vehicle. Vela 2A was launched along with Vela 2B and with ERS 13.

## Capabilities

Vela 2A was rotationally stabilized (2 rotations per sec.). The ship could work in real time mode (one data frame per second) or in data recording mode (one frame every 256 seconds). The first mode was used for the first 40% of the mission's duration. The second one was used until the next pair of Vela satellites were launched.

## Instruments

* X-ray and charged particle detector
* Gamma ray detector and charged particles
* Neutron detector
* Electron and proton spectrometer
* Background radiation detector
* Solid state detector
* Geiger-Muller counters
* Magnetometer
# 15th Anniversary Celebration

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
15th Anniversary Celebration is a live album by American progressive bluegrass band The Seldom Scene. This was the last album for bassist Tom Gray, who left to pursue his own music and was replaced by T. Michael Coleman .

## Personnel

* Lou Reid – vocals, guitar
* John Duffey – mandolin, vocals
* Ben Eldridge – banjo, guitar, vocals
* Mike Auldridge – Dobro, guitar, vocals
* Tom Gray – bass, vocals
with
* John Starling – vocals, guitar
* Ricky Skaggs – violin, mandolin
* Paul Craft – guitar, vocals
* Stuart Duncan – violin
* Jonathan Edwards – guitar, vocals
* Emmylou Harris – guitar, vocals
* Bobby Hicks – violin
* Alan O'Bryant – banjo
* Lou Reid – violin, guitar, bass
* Tony Rice – guitar, vocals
* Linda Ronstadt -vocals
* Charlie Waller – guitar, vocals
* Sharon White
* Robbie Magruder – drums
# 1914 Armenian reforms

The Armenian reforms, also known as the Yeniköy accord, was a reform plan devised by European powers between 1912 and 1914 that envisaged the creation of two provinces in Ottoman Armenia placed under the supervision of two European inspectors general, who would be appointed to oversee matters related to the Armenian issues. The inspectors general would hold the highest position in the six eastern vilayets (provinces), where the bulk of the Armenian population lived, and would reside at their respective posts in Erzurum and Van. The reform package was signed into law on February 8, 1914, though it was ultimately abolished on December 16, 1914, several weeks after Ottoman entry into World War I.

## Background

The Balkan wars had created an opportunity for the revival of new plans to improve the conditions of the Ottoman Armenians which were persecuted. The French, British and Italians were anxious to limit German influence in the Ottoman Empire. In addition, the Russian government encouraged the Catholicos of Armenia to appeal through the viceroy of the Caucasus to the Ottoman government for intervention in favor of reforms in Armenian-inhabited vilayets. This project was prepared by André Mandelstam, the dragoman at the Russian Embassy in Istanbul, and representatives from the Armenian national assembly. It was introduced and discussed in Constantinople at a meeting of the ambassadors of France, Britain and Italy.
The project suggested the formation of a two large provinces from six vilayets (Erzurum, Van, Bitlis, Diyarbakır, Kharput and Sivas) under either an Ottoman Christian or a European governor general. The governor general was to be appointed by the Powers for the ensuing five years. Germany opposed the project and succeeded in obtaining significant modifications, including splitting the region into two provinces.

## Plan

The reform package was signed on February 8, 1914, between the Ottoman Empire (represented by Grand Vezir Said Halim Pasha) and Russia. Louis Constant Westenenk, an administrator for the Dutch East Indies, and Nicolai Hoff, a major in the Norwegian Army, were selected as the first two inspectors. Hoff was in Van when the war broke out, just as Westenenk was preparing to depart for his post in Erzurum.
Historian Margaret Lavinia Anderson states:
   On the two demands existential for the Armenians— that muhacir not be settled in these seven provinces (which would make nonsense of proportional representation) and that measures be undertaken to return stolen lands to their original Armenian owners—the Porte remained adamant, and they went unmentioned in the Yeniköy accord. European negotiators were left with the hope that the two European inspector-generals stipulated in the accord might be able to adjudicate such problems.
# JCSAT-RA

JCSAT-RA, previously known as JCSAT-12, is a Japanese geostationary communications satellite, which is operated by SKY Perfect JSAT Group.

## Details

It was ordered to replace the JCSAT-11 satellite which was lost in a launch failure on a Proton-M/Briz-M rocket in 2007, and is currently used as an on-orbit spare satellite; a role in which it replaced the older JCSAT-R spacecraft, providing a reserve for if one of the company's other satellites fails. It is a 4,000-kilogram (8,800 lb) satellite, which was constructed by Lockheed Martin based on the A2100AX satellite bus, with the same configuration as JCSAT-10 and JCSAT-11. The contract to build JCSAT-12 was awarded on 6 September 2007, the day after JCSAT-11 failed to reach orbit.
It was launched, along with the Australian Optus D3 satellite, by Arianespace. An Ariane 5ECA rocket was used for the launch, which occurred from ELA-3 at the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana. The launch took place at 22:09 GMT on 21 August 2009, at the start of a 60-minute launch window.
JCSAT-12 separated from its carrier rocket into a geosynchronous transfer orbit, from which raise itself to geostationary orbit using a LEROS-1C apogee motor. It has a design life of fifteen years, and carries forty two transponders; twelve G/H band, and thirty J band (US IEEE C and Ku bands respectively).