OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Electronic parking brake

An electronic parking brake (EPB), also known as an electric parking brake or electric park brake, is an electronically controlled parking brake, whereby the driver activates the holding mechanism with a button and the brake pads are electrically applied to the rear wheels. This is accomplished by an electronic control unit (ECU) and an actuator mechanism. There are two mechanisms that are currently in production, Cable puller systems and Caliper integrated systems. EPB systems can be considered a subset of Brake-by-wire technology.
First installed in the 2001 Lancia Thesis, electronic parking brakes have since appeared in a number of vehicles.

## Functionality

Apart from performing the basic vehicle holding function required of park brakes, the EPB systems provide other functions like automatic release of the park brakes when the driver presses the accelerator or slips the clutch, and re-clamping using additional force on detection of vehicle motion. Further, the hill-hold function, which applies brakes to prevent roll-back when pulling away on a gradient, can also be implemented using the EPB.

## History

Despite electric parking brake systems being a relatively new characteristic in the preponderance of modern production vehicles, many older concept vehicles have also implemented the feature. During the 1980s, many companies across the industry, such as Mazda, BMW, and Volkswagen, began to truly experiment with the idea of a fully electric, driver actuated parking brake. Volkswagen in particular was able to first realize this in the form of the Volkswagen Futura concept vehicle, which was presented at the Frankfurt Motor Show in October 1989.
The electric parking brake was first introduced in production vehicles with the emergence of the Lancia Thesis saloon car in 2001. BMW began to make use of EPB technology that same year, offering it as an option in their flagship saloon car, the BMW 7 Series. Followed by Ford Motor Companies Lincoln Division's refresh of the Lincoln LS Sedan in its 2003 MY. Other German automakers such as Audi and Volkswagen soon followed suit in the form of the Audi A8 (2006) and Volkswagen Passat (2008). The use of EPBs has only grown in popularity since then, eventually finding its way to all vehicles, class notwithstanding.

## Implementation

The implementation of the control logic for the actuators is carried out by either using a stand-alone ECU or by integrating it in the ECU for electronic stability control.

## Standards

The design of electric park brakes in the United States should be compliant with:
* FMVSS 105
* FMVSS 135
* ECE 13H
# Miller & Son

Miller & Son is a 2019 live action short film directed by non-binary filmmaker Asher Jelinsky during their directing MFA studies at the AFI Conservatory. This short film explores the feeling of compartmentalization by portraying the life of a transgender mechanic, performed by then-non-binary actress Jesse James Keitel. It has been selected and awarded at several film festivals including Clermont-Ferrand International Short Film Festival, St. Louis International Film Festival where it won the Oscar Qualifying Best Live-Action Short Award, the BAFTA Student Film Awards where it won Best Live Action, and the Student Academy Awards where it won its second Oscar Qualifying Award with the Gold Medal for "Best Narrative" (Domestic).

## Plot

A trans woman mechanic lives between running her family's auto shop during the day and expressing her femininity at night, until an unforeseen event threatens the balance of her compartmentalized life.

## Awards

Since its launch, the film has received numerous awards, and selected in more than 60 festivals around the world.
| Year | Presenter/Festival | Award/Category | Status |
| 2019 | Student Academy Awards | Best Narrative (Domestic) | Won |
| 2019 | BAFTA Student Film Awards | Best Live Action Short Film | Won |
| 2019 | St. Louis International Film Festival | Best Live-Action Short | Won |
| 2019 | Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity | Gold Screen Young Director Award (Film School 6 mins and over) | Won |
| 2019 | Clermont-Ferrand Film Festival | International Competition | Nominated |
| 2019 | Rhode Island International Film Festival | Best Student Film | Nominated |
| 2019 | Ashland Independent Film Festival | Jury and Audience Award for "Best Narrative Short" | Won |
| 2019 | FilmOut San Diego | Outstanding Artistic Achievement | Won |
| 2019 | Nevada City Film Festival | Best Performance | Won |
| 2019 | North Carolina Gay & Lesbian Film Festival | Best Long-Form Dramatic Short | Won |
# Scott Municipal Airport

Scott Municipal Airport (ICAO: KSCX, FAA LID: SCX) is a public-use airport located four nautical miles (7 km) southwest of the central business district of Oneida, a city in Scott County, Tennessee, United States. The airport is owned by Scott County. Big South Fork Airpark, a gated community and residential airpark is located adjacent to the airport.
Though most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned SCX by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA, which assigns SCX to Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico.

## Facilities and aircraft

Scott Municipal Airport covers an area of 144 acres (58 ha) at an elevation of 1,544.9 feet (471 m) above mean sea level. It has one asphalt paved runway designated 5/23, which measures 5,505 by 75 feet (1,677 x 23 m).
For the 12-month period ending July 31, 2018, the airport had 6,328 aircraft operations, an average of 17 per day; they are categorized as 93.4% general aviation, 0.7% air taxi and 5.7% military. At that time, there were 41 aircraft based at this airport: 24 single engine, 12 multi-engine, four jets and one helicopter.
# Lynne Hutchison

Lynne Karina Hutchison OLY (born 10 November in Tokyo, Japan) is a British rhythmic gymnast who represented England at the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, India, where she won a bronze medal in the team event. She also competed for Team GB at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom.
Hutchison was born in Tokyo to Japanese mother Kuniko and British father Brian. She moved to Britain with her family at the age of two. Hutchison, while attending primary school in Combe Down, Bath, was invited by Sarah Moon, the head coach of the City of Bath Rhythmic Gymnastics Club, to come along to the gym. Hutchison started training at the club on the same day as Francesca Fox, who would later also represent Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Hutchison attended King Edward's School, Bath, and trained at the University of Bath.
# Day Covered Bridge

The Day Covered Bridge is a historic Queen post truss covered bridge in Morris Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. It is 12 feet (3.7 m) by 36.5 feet (11.1 m) and rests on three stone-and-mortar abutments. It was renovated in 2003, in a project that added steel support beams, a new roof, flooring, and sidewalls.
The Day Bridge is covered with vertical plank sidings on both sides and portals, and has a sheet metal gable roof.
It is designated as a historic bridge by the Washington County History & Landmarks Foundation.
# Paul Nogier

Paul Nogier (3 July 1908 – 15 May 1996) was a French neurologist and physician who invented auriculotherapy", a version of acupuncture, which is a pseudoscientific practice.

## Nogier's discoveries
### Auriculotherapy

In 1957, Nogier first presented his observations of the somatotopic correspondences of the ear, in which the external ear anatomically corresponds to an inverted fetus—the homunculus.

### Nogier's pulse

Nogier claimed that there was a change in the amplitude and dimension of the patient's radial pulse when certain points on the auricle were stimulated. He called this the Nogier's pulse or Vascular Automonic Sign (VAS).

### Nogier's frequencies

In the 1970s, Nogier developed seven frequencies A through G which he routinely used in medical practice for diagnosis and treatment. In his practice, these frequencies are preferentially recognized by the body, so they enter into resonance to exert effects on the body.
# Joe Williams (trade unionist)

Joseph Bevir Williams (10 August 1871 – 3 August 1929) was a British trade union leader.
Born in the Hulme area of Manchester, Williams spent some time as a pupil-teacher before following his father by becoming a musician, finding work as a clarinetist at the Comedy Theatre. Concerned about working conditions in the industry, in 1893, he founded the Amalgamated Musicians' Union (AMU).
The union's first members were Williams' own colleagues, with forty attending the first meeting. Shortly afterwards, Williams' mother, Kate, recruited a group of musicians in Birmingham and, within a year, branches had been set up in a large number of provincial cities. As general secretary of the union, Joe successfully argued that part-time musicians should be permitted to join, but that members of military bands should not earn extra pay by working as civilian musicians in their spare time.
Williams became was elected to Manchester City Council in 1904 as the Labour Representation Committee candidate for Openshaw, with the backing of Manchester and Salford Trades Council. However, two years later, he was declared bankrupt and therefore was excluded from the city council. In 1907, he was elected to the Parliamentary Committee of the Trades Union Congress (TUC), later serving on its successor, the General Council of the TUC, and as President of the TUC in 1923.
Williams' son, also Joe, served in World War I and was killed aged just eighteen. Despite this, he supported the war and, frustrated with the Labour Party's anti-war stance, he was one of the proposers, in 1917, that a new trade union labour party should be created.
After many years of negotiations, in 1921, Williams persuaded the AMU's main rival, the National Orchestral Union of Professional Musicians, to merge into it. He remained general secretary of what was now remained the Musicians' Union until he retired in 1924; although only in his early fifties, he was in poor health following years of extremely long hours of work. He moved to Veyrières in France, where he died in 1929.
# Dołhobyczów

Dołhobyczów (Polish pronunciation:; Ukrainian: Довгобичів) is a village in Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dołhobyczów. It lies approximately 28 km (17 mi) south-east of Hrubieszów and 127 km (79 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
During the January Uprising, a clash between Polish insurgents and Russian troops took place in Dołhobyczów on 3 January 1864.
Road border crossing between Poland and Ukraine was opened temporarily in nearby village Dołhobyczów-Kolonia during Euro 2012 and on 24 June 2014 the permanent crossing was completed. Since 2015 the crossing is available for cars, coaches, trucks under 3.5 tonnes of mass, bikes and pedestrians.
# Gassan Ahadme

Gassan Ahadme Yahyai (born 17 November 2000) is a professional footballer who plays as a second-striker for EFL League One club Charlton Athletic. Born in Spain, he represents Morocco at youth international level.

## Club career

Born in Vic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Ahadme began his career with Norwich City.
Ahadem spent time on loan at Real Oviedo B.
He moved on loan to Portsmouth in July 2021. He scored his first goal for the club on 9 November 2021 in an EFL Trophy tie against Crystal Palace U21s.
He signed for Burton Albion in January 2022. He scored his first goal for the club in a 2–1 loss to former club Portsmouth on 8 February 2022. Ahadme would later score the fastest goal for Burton Albion in the EFL in a 4–3 defeat to Cambridge United, scoring in 11 seconds.
Ahadme joined Ipswich Town on 1 September 2022. He scored his first goal for the club in an FA Cup tie against Buxton on 27 November 2022.
He returned on loan to Burton Albion in January 2023.
He moved on loan to Cambridge United in June 2023.
On 4 July 2024, Ahadme joined Charlton Athletic on a four-year contract.

## International career

Born in Spain, he represents Morocco at youth international level.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 14 January 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | Division | League | League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Norwich City U23s | 2019–20 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Norwich City | 2020–21 | Championship | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Norwich City | 2021–22 | Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Norwich City | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Real Oviedo B (loan) | 2020–21 | Segunda División B | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Portsmouth (loan) | 2021–22 | League One | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 1 |
| Burton Albion | 2021–22 | League One | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 3 |
| Burton Albion | 2022–23 | League One | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 5 |
| Burton Albion | Total | Total | 20 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 22 | 8 |
| Ipswich Town | 2022–23 | League One | 6 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1 |
| Ipswich Town | 2023–24 | Championship | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ipswich Town | Total | Total | 6 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1 |
| Burton Albion (loan) | 2022–23 | League One | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 |
| Cambridge United (loan) | 2023–24 | League One | 29 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 33 | 13 |
| Charlton Athletic | 2024–25 | League One | 17 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 4 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 90 | 19 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 5 | 109 | 29 |
* ↑ Includes FA Cup
* ↑ Includes EFL Cup
* 1 2 3 4 Appearance(s) in the EFL Trophy.
# Om Prakash (historian)

Om Prakash (born January 1940, in Delhi) is an Indian economic historian. He is noted for his work on the Dutch East India Company in Bengal, and also for his work on coinage, precious metal trade, and other aspects of pre-colonial commerce between Europe and India. In 2005, he was knighted by the Dutch queen.

## Early life and education

He did his M.A. from the Delhi School of Economics in 1961, ranking first, and continued with his PhD in Economic History. His thesis, The Dutch East India Company and the Economy of Bengal, 1630-1720, is based on archival material from the Nationaal Archief at the Hague. It was published as a book by the Princeton University Press in 1985.

## Career

Subsequently, Prakash joined the Delhi School of Economics faculty from 1965 and 2005. His work is highly regarded in the Netherlands, where he is a Foreign Member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Haarlem (since 2000). In April 2005, he was honoured as a "Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion" by Queen Beatrix.
He is also the author of European commercial enterprise in pre-colonial India (1998), published under the New Cambridge History of India series (part II, v.5).
# List of bombings during the War in Iraq (2013–2017)

This article lists significant bombings during the Iraqi Civil War (2013–2017).

## Bombings

This article lists all major bombings between 30 December 2013 and 9 December 2017. For bombings that occurred prior this date see List of bombings during the Iraq War or List of bombings during the Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)
| Date | City | Attack | Deaths | Perpetrator |
| 2 January 2014 | Baghdad | | 19 | Islamic State |
| 1 January 2017 | Najaf | | 6 | Islamic State |
| 2 January 2017 | Baghdad | | 24 | Islamic State |
| 8 January 2017 | Baghdad | | 20 | Islamic State |
| 30 May 2017 | Baghdad | Al-Faqma ice cream parlor bombing | 26 | Islamic State |
| 14 September 2017 | Nasiriyah | 2017 Nasiriyah attacks | 84 | Islamic State |
# Selah Airstrip

The Mettie Airstrip (FAA LID: Z99), formerly the Selah Airstrip, is a small military airstrip located on the Yakima Training Center (YTC) with a single runway of about 4,600 feet (1,400 m) in length and 75 feet (23 m) in width. It was built by various elements of the 864th Engineer Battalion from Ft. Lewis WA in the summer of 1976.
# HMS Prince Eugene

HMS Prince Eugene was one of eight Lord Clive-class monitors built for the Royal Navy in 1915 to conduct shore bombardments during the First World War. The ship was assigned to the Dover Patrol for the duration of the war and provided cover for the Inshore Squadron during the First Ostend Raid. She was sold for scrap in 1921.

## Design and description

The Lord Clive design was derived from that of the preceding Abercrombie class, modified to suit the smaller and lighter main battery. The ships had an overall length of 335 feet 6 inches (102.3 m), a maximum beam of 87 feet 2 inches (26.6 m), and a deep draught of 9 feet 10 inches (3 m). She displaced 5,850 long tons (5,940 t) at deep load. To improve stability, 15-foot (4.6 m) torpedo bulges were incorporated into the hull. Her crew numbered 12 officers and 182 ratings.
Prince Eugene was powered by a pair of four-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines each driving one propeller shaft using steam provided by two coal-burning water-tube boilers. The engines developed a total of 2,500 indicated horsepower (1,900 kW) and were designed for a maximum speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph), although the ships proved to be significantly slower, with Prince Eugene reaching an adjusted speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) during her sea trials. The Lord Clives had a range of 1,100 nautical miles (2,000 km; 1,300 mi) at a cruising speed of 6.5 knots (12.0 km/h; 7.5 mph).
The ships were armed with a pair of BL 12-inch (305 mm) Mk VIII guns in a single twin-gun turret; Prince Eugene's turret was taken from the elderly predreadnought battleship HMS Hannibal. The ship's anti-aircraft armament consisted of a (3 in (76 mm)) and a 2-pounder (40 mm (1.6 in)) guns on high-angle mounts.

## Construction and career

Prince Eugene was named after Prince Eugene of Savoy and has been the only ship of the Royal Navy to be named after the general. The ship was laid down on 1 February 1915 at Harland & Wolff's Govan shipyard, launched on 14 July and commissioned on 2 September.
During a refit from December 1918 to March 1918, Prince Eugene was modified to accept a single 18-inch (457 mm) gun in a limited-traverse mount aft of her funnel. Delivery of the mounts was slow and the ship had not received hers by the war's end in November 1918. Prince Eugene was decommissioned in early 1919 and was sold for scrap on 9 May 1921. She arrived at Thos. W. Ward's Preston, Lancashire, scrapyard on 10 August 1923 to begin demolition.

## Citations

* ↑ Buxton, pp. 45, 77
* ↑ Buxton, pp. 51, 77
* ↑ Buxton, pp. 49, 77
* ↑ Silverstone, p. 257
* ↑ Colledge, p. 276
* ↑ Buxton, p. 77
* ↑ Buxton, pp. 74, 77
# LaJohntay Wester

LaJohntay Wester (born March 29, 2002) is an American football wide receiver for the Colorado Buffaloes. He previously played for the Florida Atlantic Owls.

## High school career

Wester attended Palmetto High School in Palmetto, Florida. As a senior, Wester hauled in 35 receptions for 758 yards and eight touchdowns before committing to play college football at Florida Atlantic University.

## College career
### FAU

During his freshman season in 2020, Wester recorded 17 catches for 114 yards and a touchdown. He followed that up the next season, tallying 65 receptions for 702 yards and four touchdowns. In 2023, Wester became the school's all-time leading receiver. He finished the season with 108 receptions for 1,168 yards and eight touchdowns, being named to the First-team All-AAC, and being named the AAC special teams player of the year. He was also named a First-team All-American as a punt returner. On December 15, 2023, Wester entered the transfer portal.

### Colorado

On January 10, 2024, Wester announced that he would be transferring to the University of Colorado Boulder to play for the Colorado Buffaloes. On September 21, 2024, Wester caught a 43-yard Hail Mary pass from Shedeur Sanders as time expired, to force overtime against Baylor, a game in which the Buffaloes won 38-31.

### Statistics

| Season | Games | Games | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Punt Returns | Punt Returns | Punt Returns | Punt Returns | Kick Returns | Kick Returns | Kick Returns | Kick Returns |
| Season | GP | GS | Rec | Yds | Avg | TD | Att | Yds | Avg | TD | Ret | Yds | Avg | TD | Ret | Yds | Avg | TD |
| Florida Atlantic Owls |||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 9 | 1 | 17 | 114 | 6.7 | 1 | 8 | 34 | 4.3 | 0 | 10 | 89 | 8.9 | 0 | 12 | 260 | 21.7 | 0 |
| 2021 | 12 | 9 | 65 | 702 | 10.8 | 4 | 5 | 29 | 5.8 | 0 | 19 | 129 | 6.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 2022 | 12 | 11 | 62 | 719 | 11.6 | 8 | 15 | 106 | 7.1 | 1 | 14 | 136 | 9.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 2023 | 12 | 12 | 108 | 1,168 | 10.8 | 8 | 8 | 44 | 5.5 | 1 | 14 | 278 | 19.9 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 15.0 | 0 |
| Colorado Buffaloes |||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 13 | 12 | 74 | 931 | 12.6 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 9 | 108 | 12.0 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 14.0 | 0 |
| Career | 58 | 45 | 326 | 3,634 | 11.1 | 31 | 37 | 213 | 5.8 | 2 | 66 | 740 | 11.2 | 2 | 15 | 304 | 20.3 | 0 |

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | Vertical jump | Broad jump |
| 5 ft 9+5⁄8 in (1.77 m) | 163 lb (74 kg) | 29+3⁄4 in (0.76 m) | 8+5⁄8 in (0.22 m) | 4.46 s | 1.53 s | 32.0 in (0.81 m) | 10 ft 1 in (3.07 m) |
| All values from NFL Combine ||||||||
# Tarsus Old Mosque

Tarsus Old Mosque (Turkish: Eski camii) is a mosque converted from a historic church located in Tarsus ilçe of Mersin Province, southern Turkey.

## Geography

The mosque is in the urban fabric of Tarsus. It is on the main road of Tarsus.

## History

The mosque was built as a church. The name of the church was probably "Saint Paul Cathedral" honoring Paul the Apostle, who was a resident of Tarsus. (not to be confused with Saint Paul's Church, Tarsus). It was built in 1102, during the late Byzantine period when the city was captured by the First Crusade from the Seljuk Turks. Later when the Armenian principality was issued from the Byzantine Empire, Leon I was crowned as the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in 1198 by Conrad von Wittelsbach in this cathedral.
In 1359, Tarsus fell to Ramazanids, a Turkmen dynasty, and in 1415 Ahmet of Ramazanids (reigned 1383–1416) converted the church into a mosque.

## The building

The total area of the (building and the yard) is 460 square metres (5,000 sq ft). The inner dimensions of the building is 19.3 m × 17.5 m (63 ft × 57 ft). The width of the nave is 12.6 m (41 ft).
There are blind arches in the facade of the mosque. The main gate is to the west. There are two plaster half columns in the entrance, and also half columns on the southern and northern walls of the nave, which are made of granite, and thought to have been constructed with the gathered material of the former buildings. On the ceiling, Jesus and four of his apostles are depicted in frescoes. There is a belfry in the northeast corner of the building.
# De Turk Round Barn

The De Turk Round Barn in Santa Rosa, California, United States, was a round barn that was built in 1891 by Santa Rosa Winery owner De Turk. It was used for his champion trotter horses until his death in 1896. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
It was significant as one of very few round or polygonal barns surviving in Northern California.