# Political institutions of ancient Rome

Various lists regarding the political institutions of ancient Rome are presented. Each entry in a list is a link to a separate article. Categories included are: constitutions (5), laws (5), and legislatures (7); state offices (28) and office holders (6 lists); political factions (2 + 1 conflict) and social ranks (8). A political glossary (35) of similar construction follows.

## Laws

* Roman law
* List of Roman laws
* Twelve Tables
* Digest of Roman law
* Corpus Juris Civilis

## Legislatures

* Roman Senate
* Roman assemblies
* Roman Curia
* Comitia curiata
* Comitia centuriata
* Comitia tributa
* Concilium plebis

## State offices

* aedile – Office of the Roman Republic
* agentes in rebus – Late Roman Imperial Courier Service
* a rationibus
* censor – Roman magistrate and census administrator
* comes – Latin word for companion, Roman court title
* comes palatinus – High-level official attached to imperial or royal courts in Europe since Roman times
* consul – Political office in ancient Rome
* consularis – Ancient Roman title, given to those who had served as consulsPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
* decemviri – 10-man commission in the Roman Republic
* dictator – Extraordinary magistrate of the Roman Republic
* dux – Roman title
* emperor – Ruler of the Roman Empire
* governor – PositionPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targetsPages displaying short descriptions with no spaces
* imperator – Rank in ancient Rome
* legatus – High-ranking Roman military officerPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* legatus Augusti pro praetore – Provincial governors in the Roman Empire
* lictor – Bodyguard and attendant to ancient Roman magistrates
* magistrate – Elected official in ancient RomePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* officium – Latin word with various meaningsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* pontifex maximus – Chief high priest in ancient Rome
* praefectus – Prefect in ancient Rome
* praepositus sacri cubiculi – court position in the Byzantine EmpirePages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
* praeses – title for the governor of a Roman province in the later Roman empirePages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
* praetor – Magistrate of the Roman Republic
* praetor peregrinus – Magistrate of the Roman RepublicPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* primicerius – Ancient Roman title
* princeps – Ancient Roman title
* princeps senatus – First member by precedence of the Roman Senate
* proconsul – Governor of a province in the Roman republic
* procurator – Administrative title in the Roman EmpirePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* promagistrates – Ancient Roman officePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* quaestor – Public official in ancient Rome
* rationalis – Roman Empire finance minister role
* rector – Political function in Rome and in medieval republics
* rex – Chief magistrate of the Roman Kingdom
* senator – Political institution in ancient RomePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* tribune – Elected Roman officials
* triumviri – Commission of three men in ancient RomePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* vicarius – Latin word meaning substitute or deputy
* vigintisexviri – College of minor magistrates of the Roman Republic

## Lists of individual office holders

* List of Roman kings
* List of Roman Consuls
* List of Roman Emperors
* List of principes senatus
* List of Roman censors
* List of Roman governors of Britain

## Political factions

* Optimates
* Populares
(also see Conflict of the Orders)

## Social ranks

* Nobles
* Patricians
* Equites
* Plebs
* Adsidui
* Proletarians
* Capite censi
* Slaves

## Glossary of law and politics

* aerarium – Public treasury in ancient Rome
* aequitas – Roman legal concept
* auctoritas – Roman prestige; contrast with power, imperium
* civitas – Roman concept of citizenry as an entity united by law
* collegia – Any association in ancient Rome that acted as a legal entityPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* consilium
* consortium – Association of two or more individuals and/or organizations to achieve a common goal
* consuetudo – Legal principle
* contractus
* contractus litteris
* curiae – Assembly where issues are discussed and decidedPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* cursus honorum – Sequential order of public offices held by politicians in Ancient Rome
* decreta – Edict or proclamation usually issued by a head of statePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* delectum – Civil wrong
* digest – Roman law digesta
* edicta – Announcement of a law, often associated with monarchismPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* fiscus – personal wealth of the Roman emperorPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
* fiducia
* gravitas – Ancient Roman virtue
* imperium – Type of authority in ancient Rome
* iudex – Official who presides over court proceedingsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
* ius – Rights to citizenship virtue in ancient Rome
* lex
* libertas – Roman goddess of liberty
* mos maiorum – Customs and traditions of ancient Rome
* munera – Public works and entertainment paid for by aristocrats of ancient Rome
* municipium – Ancient Roman term for a town or city
* obligatio – Course of action someone must take
* Palatine – High-level official attached to imperial or royal courts in Europe since Roman times
* patria
* pietas – Ancient Roman virtue
* potestas – Latin word meaning power or faculty
* responsa – Body of written legal decisions and rulings
* provincia – Major Roman administrative territorial entity outside of Italy
* ratio – Relationship between two numbers of the same kind
* senatus consultum – Resolution of the ancient Roman Senate
* stipulatio
* First Triumvirate – Alliance between Roman politicians Caesar, Pompey and Crassus
* Second Triumvirate – Roman political organisation (43–32 BC)