OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# OSCAR 4

OSCAR IV (a.k.a. OSCAR 4) was the fourth amateur radio satellite launched by Project OSCAR and the first targeted for Geostationary orbit on 12 December 1965. The satellite was launched piggyback with three United States Air Force satellites on a Titan IIIC launch vehicle. Due to a booster failure, OSCAR 4 was placed in an unplanned and largely unusable Geostationary transfer orbit.

## Project OSCAR

Project OSCAR Inc. was started in 1960 by members of the TRW Radio Club of Redondo Beach, California as well as persons associated with Foothill College to investigate the possibility of putting an amateur satellite in orbit. Project OSCAR was responsible for the construction of the first Amateur Radio Satellites: OSCAR 1, launched from Vandenberg AFB in California on 12 December 1961, which transmitted a “HI” greeting in Morse Code for three weeks, OSCAR 2, and OSCAR 3.

## Spacecraft

OSCAR 4 massed 15 kilograms (33 lb) and was a regular tetrahedron with edges 48 centimetres (19 in) long. It had four independent monopole antennae and contained a tracking beacon transmitter and a communications repeater. It was powered by a solar cell array and batteries. The satellite marked the first attempt for a High Earth Orbit (HEO) or GeoStationary Earth Orbit (GEO) amateur radio satellite, later categorized by AMSAT as Phase 3 and Phase 4. Improvements from prior OSCAR satellites included a higher power (3 Watt) 10 kHz wide linear transponder (144 MHz uplink and 432 MHz downlink), due to the higher planned orbit.

## Mission

OSCAR 4, along with LES-3, LES-4, and OV2-3, was launched on the third Titan IIIC test flight on 22 December 1965 at 14:00:01 UT from Cape Canaveral LC41 just one second behind schedule. From an initial parking orbit of 194 kilometres (121 mi), the Titan's Transtage boosted into a transfer orbit pending a final burn to circularize its orbit. However, this final burn, scheduled for T+6:03:04 after liftoff, never occurred due to a leaking valve in the booster's attitude control system.$^{:422}$ OSCAR 4, LES-3 and LES-4, were released from the Transtage, albeit much later than intended, likely by the booster's backup timer; OV2-3 remained attached and did not operate.
The satellite remained in operation for 85 days, until 16 March 1966, and re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 12 April 1976.

## Legacy

In 1969, AMSAT-NA was founded by radio amateurs working at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and the Baltimore-Washington DC region, to continue the efforts begun by Project OSCAR. Its first project was to coordinate the launch of Australis-OSCAR 5, constructed by students at the University of Melbourne.
# Space-cadet keyboard

The space-cadet keyboard is a keyboard designed by John L. Kulp in 1978 and used on Lisp machines at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which inspired several still-current jargon terms in the field of computer science and influenced the design of Emacs. It was inspired by the Knight keyboard, which was developed for the Knight TV system, used with MIT's Incompatible Timesharing System.

## Description

The space-cadet keyboard was equipped with seven modifier keys: four keys for bucky bits (⎈ Control, ◆ Meta, ❖ Super, and ✦ Hyper), and three shift keys, called ⇧ Shift, Top, and Front (which was labeled on the front of the key; the top was labeled Greek). Meta had been introduced on the earlier Knight keyboard, while Hyper and Super were introduced by this keyboard. Each group was in a row, thus allowing easy chording, or pressing of several modifier keys; for example, Control+Meta+Hyper+Super could be pressed with the fingers of one hand, while the other hand pressed another key.
Many keys had three symbols on them, accessible by means of the shift keys: a letter and a symbol on the top, and a Greek letter on the front. For example, the G key had a "G" and an up-arrow ("↑") on the top, and the Greek letter gamma ("γ") on the front. By pressing this key with one hand while playing an appropriate "chord" with the other hand on the shift keys, the user could get the following results:
| Key pressed | Result |
| G | g (lowercase G) |
| ⇧ Shift+G | G (uppercase G) |
| Front+G | γ (lowercase gamma) |
| Front+⇧ Shift+G | Γ (uppercase gamma) |
| Top+G | ↑ (upwards arrow) |
Each of these might, in addition, be typed with any combination of the ⎈ Control, ◆ Meta, ❖ Super, and ✦ Hyper keys. By combining the modifier keys, it is possible to make (50 keys × 5 shift types) × 2$^{4buckykeys}$ = 4000 different inputs. This allowed the user to type very complicated mathematical text, and also to have thousands of single-character commands at their disposal. Many users were willing to memorise the command meanings of so many characters if it reduced typing time. This attitude shaped the interface of Emacs. Other users, however, thought that so many keys were excessive and objected to this design on the grounds that such a keyboard can be difficult to operate.
Emacs uses "M-" as the prefix for ⎇ Alt when describing key presses: the "M-" stood for Meta on the space-cadet keyboard, and when Emacs was ported to PCs, the Alt key was used in place of Meta.
This keyboard included a Macro key which had limited application support. It also included four Roman Numeral keys (I, II, III, and IV) which allowed for easy interaction with lists of four or fewer choices.
# Anne Pennington

Anne Elizabeth Pennington (1934–1981) was a British philologist specialising in Slavic studies. She was particularly interested in songs as well as the development of the language.

## Life

Penninngton was born on 31 March 1934 to Janet Winifred (born Aitken) and Alan Mather Pennington. Her father was a manufacturer and her mother was a teacher. She was born at their home in Pigeon Lane in the seaside town of Herne Bay. She went to Simon Langton Girls' Grammar School before joining Lady Margaret Hall where she studied French and Russian and in 1955 she earned a first class degree from the University of Oxford. She had also met Boris Unbegaun who was to be her mentor and she followed in a similar field of study. She continued at Oxford and in 1959 Lady Margaret Hall made her a fellow. The following year she was a lecturer as she studied the development of the Slavonic languages.
Her research focused on an account of Russia written by Grigory Kotoshikhin in 1666. 298 years after that account was written, Pennington was awarded a DPhil for her thesis on Kotoshikhin, in 1964.
In 1980 she became a Professor holding the chair in Slavonic philology that had belonged to Robert Auty and once to her mentor, Boris Unbegaun. Pennington frequently visited the Balkan Slav states although her studies included Bulgaria, Poland and what was then Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. She would record songs, learn dances and collect cultural items such as clothing and jewellery. Later she would translate songs and poems.
She was known for finding unknown works by Stefan the Slav. She had an interest in music and she joined an Eastern Orthodox choir in Oxford. Academically she studied fifteenth century Serbian church singing and discovered the pronunciation norm.
Her translation of Collected Poems of Vasko Popa was reviewed with favour by premiere literary critic John Bayley of Oxford University in The New York Review of Books. Her translation was selected for "The Persea Series of Poetry in Translation," general editor Daniel Weissbort, with an introduction by Ted Hughes. In the review, the Oxford don Bayley wrote that Popa was "one of the best European poets writing today."

## Death and legacy

Pennington died at a hospital in Oxford and after a service at her Lady Margaret Hall her ashes were buried in Oxford. In 1985 her articles on "Music in Moldovia" were gathered together and published. One of her students completed her unfinished project to list the Cyrillic documents in the British Isles. It was titled the Anne Pennington Catalogue.

## Works include

* Complete Poems., ed. Francis R. Jones, co-tr. Anne Pennington, introduction Ted Hughes. Anvil, 2011.
* Vasko Popa: Collected Poems 1943-1976, trans. Anne Pennington (Persea Books of New York, 1978)
# Vincenzo Cangelosi

Vincenzo Cangelosi (born 12 October 1963) is an Italian football coach and former goalkeeper, currently working as the head coach of Serie C Group B club Perugia.

## Playing career

A goalkeeper who took his first steps as a youth player for his hometown club Palermo, Cangelosi had a minor career in the Italian leagues for teams such as Kroton, Foggia and Siracusa.

## Coaching career

In 1989, Cangelosi retired from active football to join his former youth coach Zdeněk Zeman, who he knows since the age of 11, as his assistant at Foggia.
Since then, Cangelosi consistently worked as Zeman's deputy for over 30 years, until his third coaching stint at Foggia in 2022.
In December 2022, at 59 years of age, Cangelosi took on his first head coaching role, being appointed in charge of Serie D club Casertana. Under his tenure, Casertana finished the season in third place in the Group G, later winning the playoff tournament and successively being readmitted to Serie C to fill a vacancy. He left Casertana by the end of the season after guiding the club to a fourth place in the league table.
On 19 February 2025, Cangelosi was hired as the new head coach of Serie C club Perugia, replacing Lamberto Zauli.
# Florian Jaritz

Florian Jaritz (born 18 October 1997) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Austria Klagenfurt.

## Career

Jaritz is a youth product of SV Moosburg, FC Carinthia, Austria Kärnten, Austria Klagenfurt, and Wolfsberger AC. He began his senior career with Austria Klagenfurt in 2016, and helped the club get promoted from the Austrian Regionalliga to the Austrian Football Bundesliga. He made his professional debut with Austria Klagenfurt in a 4–1 2. Liga loss to Kapfenberger SV on 1 April 2016. On 23 May 2022, he extended his contract to 2024 with the club.

## Personal life

Jaritz is a fan of the German club Borussia Dortmund.
# Renaud Marhic

Renaud Marhic (born July 1965) is a French writer and journalist. He has written non-fiction books on topics including cults, the far-right, pseudoscience, terrorism, and religious fundamentalism. Marhic is also the writer of several crime novels, and the children's book series Les Lutins Urbains.

## Early life

Renaud Marhic was born July 1965, in Brest, Brittany, France. He had a column in the newspaper Le Vrai Papier Journal [fr], which focused on rumors. He contributed as an investigative journalist to several other publications, including Charlie Hebdo, Le Nouvel Obs, VSD, and Entrevue [fr].
Marhic was the founder and president of the group M... à l'apocalypse. Formed in June 1999, they gathered in Paris to celebrate the failure of Paco Rabanne's predictions of the Mir space station crashing into France. The group was to be disbanded later in August.

## Writing career

Marhic has written non fiction books on topic relating to cults, the far-right, pseudoscience, terrorism, and religious fundamentalism. He has been referred to as a cult expert by the media. He was the editor of the Faits et illusions series, which focused on pseudoscientific and paranormal topics from a scientific perspective.
In 1995, he published a book discussing the Order of the Solar Temple cult affair (a religious movement that had committed several high profile acts of mass murder-suicide). The following year, he released an updated and expanded edition. In the book, he argues that the OTS did not dissolve after the first mass suicide, and a new leader had succeeded the dead ones; the group would commit another mass suicide later that year. He does not name the supposed third leader, but implicates Michel Tabachnik.
His past experience writing books related to crime, including the Solar Temple case, led to his interest in writing crime fiction. After the turn of the millennium, he wrote fiction novels and children's literature. He is the writer of the novel series Polars & Grimoires, published by Terre de Brume [fr] and the Les Lutins Urbains children's book series published by Éditions P'tit Louis [fr]. Les Lutins Urbains is inspired by Marhic's childhood experiences being told Breton folk tales. In presenting his works, he sometimes has displays of his characters as holograms.
# Society for Personality Assessment

Society for Personality Assessment (SPA) is the largest psychological society focused on personality assessment. It was founded in 1937 by Bruno Klopfer as the Rorschach Institute, renamed as The Society for Projective Tests and the Rorschach Institute in 1948, shortened to The Society for Projective Techniques in 1960, and given its current name in 1971.
It publishes the Journal of Personality Assessment and manages several awards, including the Bruno Klopfer Award.

## History

The Rorschach Institute arose casually in either 1936 or 1937 as a term for the group surrounding the popular workshops and meetings at Columbia University held by Bruno Klopfer about the Rorschach test. In May 1938 the group was incorporated over concerns that others might take the name. The bylaws were formalized in March 1939 and the first officers were: Bruno Klopfer, director, Morris Krugman, president, Douglas M. Kelley, vice-president, Ruth Wolfson, secretary, and Gladys Tallman, treasurer.
# Siberian Turkic languages

The Siberian Turkic or Northeastern Common Turkic languages, are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family. The following table is based upon the classification scheme presented by Lars Johanson (1998). All languages of the branch combined have approximately 670,000 native and second language speakers, with most widely spoken members being Yakut (c. 450,000 speakers), Tuvan (c. 130,000 speakers), Northern Altai (c. 57,000 speakers) and Khakas (c. 29,000 speakers). Despite their usual English name, two major Turkic languages spoken in Siberia, Siberian Tatar and Southern Altai, are not classified as Siberian Turkic, but are rather part of the Kipchak subgroup. Many of these languages have a Yeniseian substratum.

## Classification

| Proto-Turkic | Common Turkic | Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian) | North Siberian | North Siberian | Sakha (Yakut) Dolgan |
| Proto-Turkic | Common Turkic | Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian) | South Siberian | Sayan Turkic | Tuvan Tofa Soyot-Tsaatan Tuha |
| Proto-Turkic | Common Turkic | Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian) | South Siberian | Yenisei Turkic | Khakas Kumandin Northern Altai Chelkan (Chalkan, Chalqandu) Tubalar Shor (Saghay Qaca, Qizil) Western Yugur (Western Uyghur, Yellow Uyghur) |
| Proto-Turkic | Common Turkic | Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian) | South Siberian | Chulym Turkic | Chulym (Küerik) |
| Proto-Turkic | Common Turkic | Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian) | South Siberian | Old Turkic | † Orkhon Turkic † Old Uyghur |
Alexander Vovin (2017) notes that Tofa and other Siberian Turkic languages, especially Sayan Turkic, have Yeniseian loanwords.
# Lukas Jørgensen

Lukas Lindhard Jørgensen (born 31 March 1999) is a Danish handball player for SG Flensburg-Handewitt and the Danish national team.

## Career

Jørgensen started playing handball at his local club Roskilde Håndbold, where he played until he started high school in 2015. From then on he played for GOG Håndbold, where he got his league debut in 2018.
In 2019 he changed clubs to Århus Håndbold. Initially it was a one-year contract, which was extended further 2 years. When that contract was up, he returned to GOG Håndbold when his club Århus Håndbold went bankrupt.

## Achievements

* Danish Handball League:
** Winner: 2022, 2023
* Danish Handball Cup:
** Winner: 2022

### Individual awards

* All-Star pivot of the Olympic Games: 2024
* MVP of the Danish Handball Cup Final four 2022
* All-Star Team as Best Pivot Danish League 2022–23
# Prince Murat

Prince Murat is a French princely title that traces its origin back to 1804, when Emperor Napoleon granted the rank of prince français to his brother-in-law Joachim Murat, who subsequently reigned as King of Naples from 1808 to 1815. On 5 December 1812, Joachim Murat's second son Lucien was created sovereign Prince of Pontecorvo (an enclave in the Kingdom of Naples) in succession to Jean-Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, by an Imperial Decree.
The Prince of Pontecorvo title is still used to this day for the heir apparent of the head of the family. The Murat family is known collectively as the House of Murat (French: Maison Murat; Neapolitan: Casà ’e Murat).
On March 25, 2017, the anniversary of the birth of their founder, the family revived the old Royal Order of the Two Sicilies as a dynastic family order.

## Heads of the family

| Name | Birth date | Death date | Tenure start | Tenure end |
| Joachim, 1st Prince Murat Also King of Naples (1808–1815) | 25 March 1767 | 13 October 1815(1815-10-13) (aged 48) | 1805 | 13 October 1815 (10 years, 285 days) |
| Achille, 2nd Prince Murat | 21 January 1801 | 15 April 1847(1847-04-15) (aged 46) | 13 October 1815 | 15 April 1847 (31 years, 184 days) |
| Lucien, 3rd Prince Murat | 16 May 1803 | 10 April 1878(1878-04-10) (aged 74) | 15 April 1847 | 10 April 1878 (30 years, 360 days) |
| Joachim, 4th Prince Murat | 21 June 1834 | 23 October 1901(1901-10-23) (aged 67) | 10 April 1878 | 23 October 1901 (23 years, 196 days) |
| Joachim, 5th Prince Murat | 28 February 1856 | 2 November 1932(1932-11-02) (aged 76) | 23 October 1901 | 2 November 1932 (31 years, 10 days) |
| Joachim, 6th Prince Murat | 6 August 1885 | 11 May 1938(1938-05-11) (aged 52) | 2 November 1932 | 11 May 1938 (5 years, 190 days) |
| Joachim, 7th Prince Murat | 16 January 1920 | 20 July 1944(1944-07-20) (aged 24) | 11 May 1938 | 20 July 1944 (6 years, 70 days) |
| Joachim, 8th Prince Murat | 26 November 1944 | | 26 November 1944 | Incumbent (80 years, 95 days) |
The heir apparent is the current head of the family's only son, Joachim, Prince of Pontecorvo (born 3 May 1973).
# Abuja National Mosque

The Abuja National Mosque (Arabic: الجامع الوطني أبوجا), also known as the Nigerian National Mosque, is the national mosque of Nigeria. The mosque was built in 1984 and is open to the non-Muslim public, except during congregational prayers.

## Board and Management

After the demise of the chief imam, Sheikh Musa Muhammad in 2015, the position of a Chief Imam was abolished.
On 9 October 2017, with approval of the Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs, the Abuja National Mosque Management Board was dissolved under the chairmanship to of Alh. Yahaya Abubakar, the Etsu Nupe was also dissolved and in its stead a Sole Administrator, to be addressed as the Murshid of the National Mosque, was appointed in the person of Professor Shehu Ahmad Said Galadanci, CON as well as three Imams who were hitherto addressed as Deputy Chief Imams were appointed as coequal Imams of National Mosque to assist the Murshid. They are Prof. Ibrahim Ahmad Maqari, Sheikh Ahmad Onilewura and Dr. Muhammad Kabir Adam. The Murshid assumed duty on 15 November 2017, combining the post of Chief Imam and Administrative Head of the National Mosque.
Prof. Galadanci doubles as the murshid (grand instructor, spiritual guide or general administrator).
Formally, the board of the management is headed by Ibrahim Dasuki, the 18th sultan of Sokoto and president-general of the Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs in April 1992 but presently, the management board is under the chairmanship of Yahaya Abubakar.
Aims Construction Limited was awarded the project of building the mosque and they completed the project in 1985.
On 2 December 2024,with approval of the Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs, Dr Abdulkadir Salman Jummu'ah Solagberu the first Maalami Ubandoma of Ilorin emirates and also the founder of Darul Kitaab Wa Sunnah of Arabic and Islamic studies was appointed as the new elect Chief Imam of the central mosque of Abuja Nigeria.

## Location and layout

The mosque is located in the capital city, Abuja, and is situated on Independence Avenue, across from the National Christian Centre. It includes a library and a conference room.
The complex includes a conference centre capable of serving six hundred persons, the office for the Islamic Centre, and residential facilities for the imams and muazzins. During construction, the general contractors were Lodigiani Nigeria Ltd., while design consultancy was provided by AIM Consultants Ltd.

## Gallery

* The mosque during Harmattan
* The exterior of the mosque
* Underside of the dome
* Main entrance
* The Quran placed on a rehal
* Interior of the mosque
* Aerial view
* One of the many gates of the mosque
* People and the mosque
* People in front of the mosque
# 1925 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team

The 1925 Oregon Agricultural Aggies football team represented Oregon Agricultural College (OAC)—now known as Oregon State University—as a member of the Northwest Conference and the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1925 college football season. In its second season under head coach Paul J. Schissler, the Aggies compiled an overall record of 7–2 and outscored opponents 268 to 81. Oregon Agricultural had a record of 7–0 in Northwest Conference play, sharing the conference title with Washington, and 3–2 against PCC opponents, tying for third place. Under Schissler, from 1925 to 1932, no team captains were elected. The team played its home games on campus at Bell Field in Corvallis, Oregon.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 3 | Willamette | Bell FieldCorvallis, OR | W 51–0 | |
| October 9 | Gonzaga | Bell FieldCorvallis, OR | W 22–0 | |
| October 17 | Whitman | Multnomah FieldPortland, OR | W 62–0 | |
| October 24 | at Stanford | Stanford StadiumStanford, CA | L 10–26 | 29,000 |
| October 31 | Montana | Bell FieldCorvallis, OR | W 27–7 | |
| November 7 | Pacific (OR) | Bell FieldCorvallis, OR | W 56–0 | |
| November 14 | at Oregon | Hayward FieldEugene, OR (rivalry) | W 24–13 | |
| November 21 | at Idaho | Public School FieldBoise, ID | W 16–7 | |
| December 5 | at USC | Los Angeles Memorial ColiseumLos Angeles, CA | L 0–28 | 25,000 |
| Source: ||||||
# Gerald Glatzmayer

Gerald Glatzmayer (14 December 1968 – 11 January 2001) was an Austrian footballer who took part in the 1990 World Cup.

## Club career-

Born in Vienna, he mostly played professional football for local sides during his club career except for one season at Sankt Pölten. Making his debut at 17 years of age at Austria, he also played for First Vienna, Admira Wacker and SV Schwechat. He finished his career at SV Göllersdorf.

## International career

He made his debut for Austria in an August 1988 friendly match against Hungary and was a participant at the 1990 World Cup. He earned 6 caps, scoring 1 goal (against Malta in 1989). His last international was a June 1990 World Cup Finals match against the United States, Austria's final game at the tournament in which he came on as a late substitute for Gerhard Rodax.

### International goal

    Scores and results list Austria's goal tally first.
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 4 October 1989 | Ta' Qali National Stadium, Valletta | Malta | 1–1 | 2–1 | Friendly |

## Death

Glatzmayer died in a car accident near Schwechat in January 2001.

## Honours

* Austrian Football Bundesliga (1):
** 1986
* Austrian Cup (1):
** 1986