# Copeland (UK Parliament constituency)

Copeland was a constituency in Cumbria created in 1983 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. The constituency was represented in Parliament by Trudy Harrison, of the Conservative Party, from a by-election in February 2017 until its abolition for the 2024 general election. The seat had been held by Labour candidates at elections between 1983 and 2015 inclusive.
Copeland was one of five Cumbria seats won (held or gained) by a Conservative candidate in 2019 out of a total of six covering the county.
The bulk of the seat was in the Lake District, together with a large proportion of its population.
Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished, with the majority being included in a new constituency which also includes the town of Workington, and is named Whitehaven and Workington – first contested at the 2024 general election. Keswick was included in the new constituency of Penrith and Solway, and Millom was transferred to Barrow and Furness.

## History

Copeland was created for the 1983 general election as the sole forerunner to the constituency of Whitehaven, renamed for the Borough of Copeland which had been created by the 1974 local government reorganisation. In 1983 the seat was won for Labour by Jack Cunningham, who had previously been the member for Whitehaven. It consistently returned Labour Party candidates until the by-election of 23 February 2017, when Trudy Harrison gained it for the Conservatives. Prior to that (save for the landslide in 1931 when part of the parliamentary Labour Party remained in government with the Conservative Party under Ramsay MacDonald), the last Conservative elected for the area was in 1924.
The 2015 result gave the seat the 31st most marginal majority of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority.

## Boundaries
### 1983–2010

Following the renaming of the Whitehaven constituency as Copeland, its boundaries remained unchanged, being coterminous with the local government district of Copeland.

### 2010-2024

Parliament accepted the Boundary Commission's Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies by making changes to this constituency for the 2010 general election, namely the addition of the wards Crummock, Dalton, Derwent Valley and Keswick in the Allerdale District.
The four new wards thus extended the constituency beyond the district of Copeland. They included the town of Keswick, which had a larger electorate than the other three new and sparsely populated wards, despite their extensive area. The new wards were in the Lake District, like much of Copeland district. The inclusion of Keswick in the constituency was the main topic in public consultations regarding the changes.

## Members of Parliament

| Election | Member | Party |
| 1983 | Jack Cunningham | Labour |
| 2005 | Jamie Reed | Labour |
| 2017 by-election | Trudy Harrison | Conservative |
| 2024 | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished |

## Elections
### Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Trudy Harrison | 22,856 | 53.7 | +4.6 |
| | Labour | Tony Lywood | 17,014 | 40.0 | ―5.1 |
| | Liberal Democrats | John Studholme | 1,888 | 4.4 | +1.1 |
| | Green | Jack Lenox | 765 | 1.8 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,842 | 13.7 | +9.7 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 42,523 | 68.9 | ―1.3 |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | +4.9 | |
General election 2017: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Trudy Harrison | 21,062 | 49.1 | +13.3 |
| | Labour | Gillian Troughton | 19,367 | 45.1 | +2.8 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Rebecca Hanson | 1,404 | 3.3 | ―0.2 |
| | UKIP | Herbie Crossman | 1,094 | 2.5 | ―13.0 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,695 | 4.0 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 42,927 | 70.2 | +6.4 |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | +5.3 | |
By-election 2017: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Trudy Harrison | 13,748 | 44.3 | +8.5 |
| | Labour | Gillian Troughton | 11,601 | 37.3 | ―5.0 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Rebecca Hanson | 2,252 | 7.2 | +3.7 |
| | UKIP | Fiona Mills | 2,025 | 6.5 | ―9.0 |
| | Independent | Michael Guest | 811 | 2.6 | New |
| | Green | Jack Lenox | 515 | 1.7 | ―1.3 |
| | Independent | Roy Ivinson | 116 | 0.4 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,147 | 7.0 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 31,889 | 51.3 | ―12.5 |
| | Conservative gain from Labour | Conservative gain from Labour | Swing | +6.7 | |
General election 2015: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jamie Reed | 16,750 | 42.3 | ―3.7 |
| | Conservative | Stephen Haraldsen | 14,186 | 35.8 | ―1.3 |
| | UKIP | Michael Pye | 6,148 | 15.5 | +13.2 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Danny Gallagher | 1,368 | 3.5 | ―6.7 |
| | Green | Allan Todd | 1,179 | 3.0 | +2.1 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,564 | 6.5 | ―2.4 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 39,631 | 63.8 | ―3.8 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | ―1.2 | |
General election 2010: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jamie Reed | 19,699 | 46.0 | −4.5 |
| | Conservative | Chris Whiteside | 15,866 | 37.1 | +5.4 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Frank Hollowell | 4,365 | 10.2 | −1.3 |
| | BNP | Clive Jefferson | 1,474 | 3.4 | New |
| | UKIP | Edward Caley-Knowles | 994 | 2.3 | +0.1 |
| | Green | Jill Perry | 389 | 0.9 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,833 | 8.9 | −9.9 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 42,787 | 67.6 | +5.4 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | −4.9 | |

### Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jamie Reed | 17,033 | 50.5 | −1.3 |
| | Conservative | Chris Whiteside | 10,713 | 31.7 | −5.8 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Frank Hollowell | 3,880 | 11.5 | +0.8 |
| | UKIP | Edward Caley-Knowles | 735 | 2.2 | New |
| | Independent | Brian Earley | 734 | 2.2 | New |
| | English Democrat | Alan Mossop | 662 | 2.0 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6,320 | 18.8 | +4.5 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 33,757 | 62.3 | −2.6 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | +2.3 | |
General election 2001: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jack Cunningham | 17,991 | 51.8 | −6.4 |
| | Conservative | Mike Graham | 13,027 | 37.5 | +8.3 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Mark Gayler | 3,732 | 10.7 | +1.5 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,964 | 14.3 | −14.7 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 34,750 | 64.9 | −11.4 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | −7.4 | |

### Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jack Cunningham | 24,077 | 58.2 | +9.5 |
| | Conservative | Andrew Cumpsty | 12,081 | 29.2 | −14.2 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Roger Putnam | 3,814 | 9.2 | +1.6 |
| | Referendum | Chris Johnston | 1,036 | 2.5 | New |
| | ProLife Alliance | Gerard Hanratty | 389 | 0.9 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 11,996 | 29.0 | +23.7 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 41,397 | 76.3 | −7.2 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | +11.9 | |
General election 1992: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jack Cunningham | 22,328 | 48.7 | +1.5 |
| | Conservative | Philip Davies | 19,889 | 43.4 | +0.4 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Roger Putnam | 3,508 | 7.6 | −1.5 |
| | Natural Law | James Sinton | 148 | 0.3 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,439 | 5.3 | +1.1 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 45,873 | 83.5 | +2.2 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | +0.5 | |

### Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jack Cunningham | 20,999 | 47.2 | +3.0 |
| | Conservative | Ashton Toft | 19,105 | 43.0 | +3.1 |
| | SDP | Edward Colgan | 4,052 | 9.1 | −6.8 |
| | Green | Robert Gibson | 319 | 0.7 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,894 | 4.2 | −0.1 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 44,475 | 81.3 | +3.1 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | | |
General election 1983: Copeland :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Jack Cunningham | 18,756 | 44.2 | −8.2 |
| | Conservative | Veronica Wilson | 16,919 | 39.9 | +0.1 |
| | SDP | John Beasley | 6,722 | 15.9 | +9.9 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,837 | 4.3 | −8.3 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 42,397 | 78.2 | |
| | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) |