OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1827 French legislative election

Legislative elections were held in France on 17 and 24 November 1827. The Ultra-royalists loyal to Charles X of France lost the elections.

## Electoral system

Suffrage had been restricted to taxpayers since the Restoration. In addition, the monarchist Plessis government had passed a law in 1820 which gave a second vote to the richest 25% of the electorate, known to historians as the "loi du double vote". Finally, there was a 300 franc fee to stand for election. The monarchists believed this system would ensure them a strong majority.

## Results

Seats :
| | Left-wing opposition | 199 |
| | Supporters of de Villèle ("Ministerials") | 195 |
| | Right-wing opposition | 31 |
| | Independents | 5 |
| Total | Total | 430 |
| Source: Kent |||
With suffrage confined to a small, wealthy electorate, Joseph de Villèle had expected the election to eke out a majority for his Ministerials before unpopular reforms. Instead, he was surprised by a left-wing coalition of liberals and republicans. Charles dismissed Villèle and appointed Jean Baptiste Gay, 1st Viscount of Martignac, who struggled to maintain a compromise government with the liberal wing while enduring radicalism from both sides. Some of the conservatives chosen by the wealthy electors were supporters of François-René de Chateaubriand or François-Régis de La Bourdonnaye and refused to cooperate in the formation of a coalition.

## Aftermath

As Martignac's governance remained unstable into 1829, Charles attempted to construct a new ministry using ultraroyalist Jules de Polignac as foreign affairs minister and La Bourdonnaye, an extreme ultraroyalist who had refused cooperation with Martignac, as domestic affairs minister. This new list, announced in August, had no president as La Bourdonnaye had blocked this as well as other appointments. In November 1829, Polignac gained sole control over the ministry as president. The liberal plurality informed the king they had no confidence in Polignac with the Address of the 221.
Finding no sympathy for his views in the elected Assembly, Charles dissolved it and called fresh elections.
# Abakan palace ruins

Abakan palace ruins (simplified Chinese: 阿巴坎遗址; traditional Chinese: 阿巴坎遺址; Russian: Ташебинский дворец) are the remains of a Chinese architecture styled palace found near Abakan, Khakassia, Russia, dating back more than 2,000 years ago to the Chinese Han dynasty. It was excavated by Russian archaeologists. The palace was administered by the Xiongnu and the Han dynasty in the old Jiankun region of China. It is about 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) west of the modern Buryat city of Ulan-Ude. Various other nomadic tribes have lived here like the modern Yenisei and ancient Dingling (Baikal lake). Some believe it may be a palace for Li Ling and his Xiongnu wife. Others contend it was actually Lú Fāng's (卢芳) palace.
# Snow Wife

Emily Leann Snow (born May 7, 2002), known professionally as Snow Wife, is an American singer and actress.

## Personal life

Snow Wife is originally from Houston, Texas. She originally started as a professional dancer before pivoting to music. She identifies as a queer woman, and is an advocate for the LGBTQ+ community.

## Career

Snow Wife is signed to Dr. Luke's publishing company Prescription Songs, and Amigo Records under Republic Records. In June 2023, she released "American Horror Show", serving as the lead single for her debut EP, Queen Degenerate. The EP debuted at #25 on Billboard's Heatseekers Albums chart. Her follow-up single, "Hit It" featured rapper Big Boss Vette. In March 2024 she released "Wet Dream". Paper Magazine called the single "...A fuzzy, sexy ride...[like] Katy Perry’s “Teenage Dream,” with no boundaries left unpushed". For the music video, she collaborated with queer-owned brands. She performed at WeHo Pride in June 2024. On June 28, 2024, Snow released the single "Pool". Paper Magazine noted how it channels sonics from Brooke Candy and Britney Spears.

## Discography

All credits adapted from Apple Music and Spotify.

### Singles
#### As lead artist

| Year | Title | Album | Writer(s) | Producer(s) |
| 2023 | "7FIGURESUPERMODEL" | Non-album single | Justin Donahue, Charles Stephens III, Jon Santana, Snow Leann | Charles "Chizzy" Stephens III, Jon Santana, Slush Puppy, Jahs |
| 2023 | "American Horror Show" | Queen Degenerate | Club 97, Hamid Bashir, Jbach, Matthew Holmes, Philip Leigh, Slush Puppy, Snow Leann | Stryv, Mac & Phil, Slush Puppy, Jahs |
| 2023 | "Hit It" (with Big Boss Vette) | Queen Degenerate | David Pramik, Dr. Luke, Diamond Smith, Slush Puppy, Steph Jones, Snow Leann | David Pramik, Dr. Luke, Slush Puppy |
| 2024 | "Wet Dream" | Non-album singles | Atlgrandma, Lil Aaron, Snow Leann | Atlgrandma, Lil Aaron |
| 2024 | "Pool" | Non-album singles | Emily Leann Snow, Jonathan Bach, Liam Benayon, Samuel Catalano | Slush Puppy, Liam Benayon |
| 2024 | “Crazy” | Non-album singles | Ajay Bhattacharyya, Jonathan Bach, Rebecca Black, Snow Wife | Stint |

### Studio albums

| Title | Details |
| Queen Degenerate | Released: September 22, 2023 Label: Amigo Records, Snowglobe Formats: Digital download, streaming |
# 46th Independent Infantry Brigade

46th Independent Infantry Brigade is an independent brigade formation of Bangladesh Army. It is located in Dhaka Cantonment directly under the command of the Army Headquarters (AHQ). The brigade is also known as the Dhaka Brigade.

## History

This brigade was created immediately after the liberation war of Bangladesh and the first Brigade Commander was lieutenant colonel (later major general) K. M. Shafiullah.
46th Independent Infantry Brigade, under the command of colonel Shafaat Jamil, supported major general Khaled Mosharraf's coup on 3 November 1975. Captain Hafiz of the brigade was charged with detaining Major General Ziaur Rahman. The government of Bangladesh was criticized for not deploying the brigade to stop the Bangladesh Rifles mutiny in 2009.
The brigade was deployed during the Holey Artisan attack. The operation, Operation Thunderbolt, was led by the commander of the brigade, Mujibur Rahman. Nearly 12 hours after the attack, the operation was declared over by brigadier Rahman. The operation ended with rescue of 13 hostages and 5 terrorists were killed while the 6th one was captured.
# Aimery VI of Narbonne

Aimery VI (died 1388), Viscount of Narbonne and Lord of Puisserguier, was a 14th-century French noble. He was an Admiral of France from 1369 to 1373.
# Drainage (disambiguation)

Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface's water and sub-surface water from an area with excess water.
Drainage may also refer to:
* Acid mine drainage
* Drainage basin
* Drainage gallery
* A surgical procedure, see Incision and drainage

## Anatomical

* Bile drainage
* Lymphatic drainage
* Pleural drainage
* Tear drainage system
# Apha strix

Apha strix is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Felix Bryk in 1944. It is found in Myanmar.
# McLaren MP4-16

The McLaren MP4-16 was the car with which the McLaren team competed in the 2001 Formula One World Championship. The chassis was designed by Adrian Newey, Steve Nichols, Neil Oatley and Peter Prodromou, with Mario Illien designing the bespoke Ilmor engine. It was driven by double world champion Mika Häkkinen and David Coulthard in what would be their sixth and final season together as McLaren teammates.

## Competition history

After being narrowly pipped to both titles by Ferrari in 2000, the goal of 2001 was to get McLaren back on top. However, the season proved to be frustrating in more ways than one. The chassis was good, but it was not developed enough to keep pace with Ferrari or new rivals Williams and also suffered from niggling aerodynamic problems; the Mercedes-Benz engines were less powerful than Williams's BMW units and less reliable than Ferrari's in-house efforts; and the team did not do a good enough job regarding the return of electronic driver aids.
Moreover, Häkkinen had his least successful season since 1997, suffering both from appalling luck and a loss of form at many races. The most notable incident was in Spain when he suffered a last-lap clutch/engine failure while leading. Despite winning two Grands Prix, he elected to retire (originally announced as a sabbatical) at the end of the season, and would be replaced by compatriot Kimi Räikkönen. Coulthard, by contrast, produced the best season of his career to date, winning two races early on and mounting a championship challenge to Michael Schumacher. However, McLaren lost this early parity with Ferrari and he was fortunate to keep second place in the Drivers' Championship ahead of Ferrari's number two, Rubens Barrichello.
Similarly, the team regarded themselves as fortunate to come second in the Constructors' Championship, with 102 points, ahead of the resurgent Williams team.

## Livery

McLaren Mercedes went into the 2001 season with renewed major sponsorships such as West, Mobil 1, Mercedes-Benz, Hugo Boss, Sun Microsystems, Computer Associates, Warsteiner, Schüco and Loctite. McLaren-Mercedes received new sponsorship such as SAP, Siemens Mobile and discontinued sponsorships are Fujitsu Siemens. The livery was similar to the 2000 design with subtle changes.
McLaren used 'West' logos, except at the French and British Grands Prix.

## Complete Formula One results

(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Team | Engine | Tyres | Drivers | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | Points | WCC |
| 2001 | West McLaren Mercedes | Mercedes-Benz V10 | B | | AUS | MAL | BRA | SMR | ESP | AUT | MON | CAN | EUR | FRA | GBR | GER | HUN | BEL | ITA | USA | JPN | 102 | 2nd |
| 2001 | West McLaren Mercedes | Mercedes-Benz V10 | B | Mika Häkkinen | Ret | 6 | Ret | 4 | 9 | Ret | Ret | 3 | 6 | DNS | 1 | Ret | 5 | 4 | Ret | 1 | 4 | 102 | 2nd |
| 2001 | West McLaren Mercedes | Mercedes-Benz V10 | B | David Coulthard | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 5 | Ret | 3 | 4 | Ret | Ret | 3 | 2 | Ret | 3 | 3 | 102 | 2nd |
| Sources: ||||||||||||||||||||||||
# Antanas Ričardas Druvė

Antanas Ričardas Druvė (Russian: Антон-Ричард Иосифович Друве, romanized: Anton-Richard Iosifovich Druve; 1 January 1865 – 17 February 1919) was a Lithuanian military officer and a colonel in the Imperial Russian Stavka. Druvė was born in the Manor of Pavirvytis [lt] (now Lithuania), which belonged to the Lithuanian noble Šemeta family.

## Background

During the French invasion of Russia, the sick French lieutenant Pierre Drouvet stayed in the manor. He was nursed by Morta, the landowner's only daughter; and they fell in love. Pierre Drouvet and Morta married; and together with the Grande Armée, having experienced various adventures on the way, went to the French region of Burgundy. After two decades, following her parents' request, Morta and Drouvet returned to Pavirvytis. Antanas Druvė was this couple's grandson.

## Military career

Druvė received his general education at the 3rd Gymnasium of Warsaw [pl]. He entered the Imperial Russian Army on 11 September 1887 at age 22. From 1887 to 1889, Druvė studied at the Nicholas Cavalry School [ru]. While there, he became a friend of Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, the future president of Finland. Druvė later finished his military education at the General Staff Academy.
Druvė became a cornet in 1888, a lieutenant in 1892, a Stabs-kapitan in 1898 and a captain in 1900. He commanded a squadron for 7 years. Druvė was part of the 32nd Dragoon Regiment. During the Russo-Japanese War of 1905, Druvė was seriously wounded. The 32nd Dragoons were renamed as the 11th Uhlan Regiment in 1907. Druvė was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the 11th Uhlan Regiment in 1912 for his distinction in imperial service.

### World War I

During World War I, in the autumn of 1915, Druvė led a cavalry unit where he distinguished himself in the fighting against the Imperial German Army near the Daugava River. According to the vle.lt, it was the 43rd Cavalry Regiment. However, according to the ria1914.info, Druvė served only in the 32nd Dragoon, later renamed the 11th Uhlan Regiment. On 28 December 1915, he was promoted to colonel of the 11th Uhlan Regiment.
From 14 July 1916, Druvė served in the reserve of ranks at the headquarters of the Kiev Military District. He also served as an officer in the Northwestern Front's Headquarters section for operations.

### Lithuanian Wars of Independence

Encouraged by Povilas Plechavičius, Druve secretly returned to Lithuania in January 1919. He helped Plechavičius organize anti-Communist Lithuanian partisans in the towns of Eigirdžiai, Raudėnai [lt], Tryškiai and Ubiškė. While visiting his home estate, Druvė was caught and killed by the Red Army on 17 February 1919.

## Awards

* Order of Saint Stanislaus, 3rd Class in 1894
* Order of Saint Anna, 3rd Class on 2 March 1908
* Order of Saint Stanislaus, 2nd Class with swords on 13 April 1915
* Saint George Sword on 10 November 1915
# Washington City

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#REDIRECT Washington, D.C.
# Karl Rabus

Karl Wilhelm Rabus, russified as Karl Ivanovich Rabus (Russian: Карл Ива́нович Ра́бус; 11 May 1800, St. Petersburg - 14 January 1857, Moscow) was a Russian architectural painter and art teacher.

## Biography

His father died when Karl was seven. At the age of only ten, he was sent to study at the Imperial Academy of Arts; remaining there until 1821, when he received a small gold medal and a second-degree certificate.
Crimea became one of his favorite places to paint. There, he created the works necessary for him to obtain the title of "Academician" by painting landmarks in a manner that would later become known as en plein aire. He was awarded the title in 1827 for his canvas depicting a villa in Gurzuf, built by the Duc de Richelieu. He also received praise for his view of Balaklava. From Crimea, he went to Odessa, then spent some time in Istanbul.
In 1835, he moved to Moscow and became a teacher of perspective, at the Palace School of Architecture [ru]. Later, he taught the same subject at the Konstantinov Land Survey Institute [ru]. He also taught a few classes in the theory of colors and art history. Sometimes, he would offer financial support to his most promising students.
A painting of the village church in Ismailovo [ru] was presented at court; obtaining him the title of Court Painter. In his later years, he tried his hand at writing; producing "A Guide to Perspective" and beginning a history of art. He also provided commentary on art for several magazines and newspapers. During those years, he taught landscape painting at the Stroganov School and the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.
Toward the end of his life, he suffered from a type of color blindness (possibly due to glaucoma), that left him unable to distinguish orange and yellow shades. He died after an unspecified long and serious illness.

## Selected paintings

* View of Moscow in the Times of Peter the Great
* Spasskaya Tower, Kremlin
* Transfiguration Church at the Alexeyevsky Monastery [ru]
* The Terem of Tsar Alexis
# Opuntia rufida

Opuntia rufida is a species of prickly pear cactus native to southwestern Texas and northern Mexico, where it grows on rocky slopes. The species makes up for its total lack of spines with a profusion of red-brown glochids. The common name blind prickly pear or cow blinder comes from the fact that the glochids may be carried away by the wind and blind animals.
The plant is closely related to Opuntia microdasys, and is sometimes taken as its subspecies, O. m. subsp. rufida.
A commonly sold cultivar is Opuntia Rufida Minima Monstrose

## Description

Opuntia rufida is a multi-branched cactus that may reach 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall and a bit wider. The plant generally has a short trunk, and the thickish tomentose pads are subcircular, obovate, or elliptical. Areoles are spineless but have showy red-brown glochids. In mid-spring the plant produces a profusion of brilliant yellow flowers changing to orange and red, 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) across. In summer, the oblong fruit is bright red to purple, 2 to 3 inches (5 to 8 cm) long.
The plant can be a spectacular addition to the desert garden. It requires full sun and is highly tolerant of desert heat. However, the glochids tend to dislodge easily when the plant is bumped or shaken and they can be dangerous to humans and animals if carried by the wind. In fact, the common name blind prickly pear or cow blinder refers to the blinding of animals by the airborne glochids. The species rufida refers to the ruddy, reddish-brown glochids.

## Range

Opuntia rufida is native to the Big Bend area of southwestern Texas and the Chihuahuan Desert of northern Mexico.

### Introduced range

Opuntia rufida has been planted as an ornamental in Queensland, Australia but has since been recognized as Prohibited invasive plant under the Biosecurity Act 2015. As a result, it may not be sold or moved and must be reported to Biosecurity Queensland.

## Gallery

* At Coahuila, Mexico
* Cladode with glochids
* Flowers
* Opuntia in the El Boticario de Almería park, Spain.
# Yukari Murata

Yukari Murata (村田 由香里, Murata Yukari, born 9 October 1981) is a Japanese individual rhythmic gymnast.

## Career

She represents her nation at international competitions. She participated at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney and the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. She also competed at world championships, including at the 2005 World Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships.
# Yulia Vodopyanova

Yulia Vodopyanova (born 4 April 2003) is an Armenian rhythmic gymnast. She represented her country at the 2018 Youth Olympics.

## Career
### Junior

Yulia debuted at the 2016 European Championships in Holon where she was 7th in teams, 7th with rope, 13th with hoop, 6th with ball, 5th with clubs.
In 2018 she was at the European Championships in Guadalajara, being 6th in the All-Around, 26th with hoop, 8th with ball, 7th with clubs and 27th with ribbon. In October she represented Armenia at the Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires ending 6th in the All-Around.

### Senior

Vodopyanova became a senior in 2019 starting her season at the World Cup in Pesaro, being 14th in the All-Around, 19th with hoop, 13th with ball, 13th with clubs and 22nd with ribbon. She then competed in Sofia taking 15th in the All-Around, 19th with hoop, 21st with ball, 8th with clubs and 12th with ribbon. In April, she took part in the World Cup in Tashkent ending 12th in the All-Around, 7th with hoop, 10th with ball, 14th with clubs and 15th with ribbon.
# Pressler

Pressler (or Preßler) (German pronunciation:) is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Johann Valentin Pressler (or Bressler) - Immigrant from the German Palatine during the Palatine Migration of 1709. Variants of the surname among his descendants include Preslar, Presler, Pressler, with the surname Presley beginning to appear especially around the time of the American Civil War. Elvis Presley is among his descendants.
* Kimberly Pressler (born 1977), American sports reporter and former Miss USA
* Larry Pressler (born 1942), American politician
* Menahem Pressler (1923–2023), German-born Israeli-American pianist
* Mike Pressler (born 1960), American lacrosse coach
* Mirjam Pressler (1940–2019), German novelist and translator
* Paul Pressler, American business executive
* Paul Pressler (politician) (born 1930), American politician and judge
* Sylvia Pressler (1934–2010), American judge
# Steven Portnoy

Steven Portnoy (born 1981) is a national correspondent for ABC News Radio. He previously covered Congress and the White House for CBS News Radio and served as president of the White House Correspondents’ Association from 2021 to 2022.

## Early life and career

Raised in South Brunswick, New Jersey, Portnoy graduated from South Brunswick High School in 1999 and received the school's Distinguished Alumni Award in 2012.
Portnoy reported for WSYR-AM and produced at WSTM-TV and WIXT-TV (now WSYR-TV) while he was a student at the S.I. Newhouse School for Public Communications at Syracuse University.
From 2003 until 2006, Portnoy reported for ABC-owned WMAL Radio in Washington, where he covered local news in the greater Washington area.
Beginning in 2006, Portnoy covered legal affairs and breaking stories for ABC News Radio. He was also a regular host of Ahead of the Curve, a technology-based talk show on ABC News Now, the network's 24/7 digital TV platform.
In 2015, Portnoy became a congressional correspondent for CBS News Radio. He was later tasked with covering both the Trump and Biden administrations. In July 2019, Portnoy was elected to a three-year term on the board of the White House Correspondents' Association, serving as its president from July 2021-July 2022. He hosted the WHCA's first dinner after the COVID-19 pandemic, which featured Trevor Noah as the headline entertainer.
In 2023, Portnoy returned to ABC News Radio as a national correspondent. He helped lead the network's reporting on the 2024 presidential election, covered each of Donald Trump's criminal trials and makes regular appearances on the daily ABC News podcast, "Start Here."

## Awards and recognition

In 2001, while a college student, Portnoy took first place at the Hearst Journalism Awards for his reporting on the economic downturn in the early part of the decade. He was honored by the Bayliss Broadcasting Foundation with the Bayliss Horizon Award in 2005. In 2008, Portnoy was named a Peter Jennings Fellow at the National Constitution Center in Philadelphia.
Over his career, Portnoy has won several local and regional awards and shared in national Edward R. Murrow awards for breaking news coverage in 2007 (Virginia Tech massacre), 2011 (anchoring the network's radio coverage of the death of Osama bin Laden), and 2013 (Boston Marathon bombing), and for continuing coverage (Hurricane Sandy) in 2012.
In 2023, Portnoy wrote and produced "Who Killed George Polk?" a three-part audio documentary on the 1948 murder of the CBS News correspondent. The program took first place honors at the National Headliner Awards in 2024.