# List of manufacturing processes

This tree lists various manufacturing processes arranged by similarity of function.

## Casting

* Bellfounding
* Centrifugal casting (industrial)
* Continuous casting
* Die casting
* Evaporative-pattern casting
** Full-mold casting
** Lost-foam casting
* Investment casting (Lost-wax casting)
** Countergravity casting
** Lost-foam casting
* Low pressure die casting
* Permanent mold casting
* Plastic mold casting
* Resin casting
* Sand casting
* Shell molding
* Slush casting, Slurry casting
* Vacuum molding
    Data from Fundamentals of modern manufacturing

## Labeling and painting

Main articles: Imaging and Coating
* Laser engraving
* Inkjet printing
* Chemical vapor deposition
* Sputter deposition
* Plating
* Thermal spraying

## Moulding

* Powder metallurgy
** Compaction plus sintering
** Hot isostatic pressing
** Metal injection moulding
** Spray forming
* Plastics (see also Rapid prototyping)
** Injection
** Compression molding
** Transfer
** Extrusion
** Blow molding
** Dip moulding
** Rotational molding
** Thermoforming
** Laminating
** Expandable bead
** Foam
** Vacuum plug assist
** Pressure plug assist
** Matched mould
* Shrink wrapping

## Forming

* End tube forming
** Tube beading
* Forging
** Smith
** Hammer forge
** Drop forge
** Press
** Impact (see also Extrusion)
** Upset
** No draft
** High-energy-rate
** Cored
** Incremental
** Powder
* Rolling (Thick plate and sheet metal)
** Cold rolling
** Hot rolling
** Sheet metal
** Shape
** Ring
** Transverse
** Cryorolling
** Orbital
** Cross-rolling
** Thread
*** Screw thread
*** Thread rolling
* Extrusion
** Impact extrusion
* Pressing
** Embossing
** Stretch forming
** Blanking (see drawing below)
** Drawing (manufacturing) (pulling sheet metal, wire, bar, or tube
*** Bulging
*** Necking
*** Nosing
** Deep drawing (sinks, auto body)
* Bending
** Hemming
* Shearing
** Blanking and piercing
*** Trimming
*** Shaving
*** Notching
*** Perforating
*** Nibbling
*** Dinking
*** Lancing
*** Cutoff
** Stamping
*** Metal
*** Leather
*** Progressive
** Coining
** Straight shearing
*** Slitting
* Other
** Redrawing
** Ironing
** Flattening
** Swaging
** Spinning
** Peening
** Guerin process
** Wheelon process
** Magnetic pulse
** Explosive forming
** Electroforming
** Staking
** Seaming
** Flanging
** Straightening
** Decambering
** Cold sizing
** Hubbing
** Hot metal gas forming
** Curling (metalworking)
** Hydroforming

## Machining

* Mills
** Grist mill
** Hammer mill
** Ball mill
** Buhrstone mill
** Disc mill
** Saw mill
** Steel mill
*** Blast furnace
*** Smelting
*** Refining
*** Reduction mill
*** Annealing
*** Pickling
*** Passivate
*** Coating
* Milling
* Turning
** Lathe
** Facing
** Boring (also Single pass bore finishing)
** Spinning (flow turning)
** Knurling
** Hard turning
** Cutoff (parting)
* Drilling
** Friction drilling
* Reaming
* Countersinking
* Tapping
* Sawing
** Filing
* Broaching
* Shaping
** Horizontal
** Vertical
** Special purpose
* Planing
** Double housing
** Open-side
** Edge or plate
** Pit-type
** Abrasive jet machining
** Water jet cutting
** Photochemical machining
** Abrasive belt
* Honing (Sharpening)
** Electro-chemical grinding
* Finishing & industrial finishing
** Abrasive blasting (sand blasting)
** Buffing
** Burnishing
** Electroplating
** Electropolishing
** Magnetic field-assisted finishing
** Etching
** Linishing
** Mass finishing
*** Tumbling (barrel finishing)
**** Spindle finishing
*** Vibratory finishing
** Plating
** Polishing
** Superfinishing
** Wire brushing
* Routing
* Hobbing
* Ultrasonic machining
* Electrical discharge
* Electrical discharge machining (EDM)
* Electron beam machining
* Electrochemical machining
* Chemical
* Photochemical
* Laser cutting
** Laser drilling
* Grinding
** High stock removal
* Gashing
* Biomachining
* Skiving (metalworking)

## Joining

* Welding
** Arc
*** Manual metal
*** Shielded metal
*** Gas metal
**** Pulsed
**** Short circuit
**** Electrogas
**** Spray transfer
*** Gas tungsten
*** Flux-cored
*** Submerged
*** Plasma arc
*** Carbon arc
*** Stud
*** Electroslag
*** Atomic hydrogen
*** Plasma-MIG (metal inert gas)
*** Impregnated tape
*** Regulated Metal Deposition
** Oxyfuel gas
*** Oxy-acetylene gas
*** Methylacetylene propadiene (MAPP)
*** Air-acetylene
*** Oxyhydrogen
*** Pressure gas
**** CO$_2$
** Resistance
*** Butt welding
**** Flash butt welding
*** Shot welding
*** Spot welding
** Projection welding
** Seam
** Upset welding
** Percussion (manufacturing)
** Solid state welding
*** Ultrasonic
*** Explosive
*** Diffusion
**** Hot press
**** Isostatic hot gas
**** Vacuum furnace
*** Friction welding
*** Inertia
*** Forge
*** Cold
*** Roll
** Electron beam welding
** Laser welding
** Thermite
** Induction
*** Low frequency (50–450 Hz)
*** High frequency (induction resistance; 200–450 kHz)
** Others
*** Heated metal plate
*** Solvent
*** Dielectric
*** Magnetic pulse welding
*** Radio frequency welding
*** High frequency resistance
*** Electromagnetic
*** Flow
*** Resistance
*** Infrared
*** Vacuum
*** Hot-air-welding
* Brazing
** Torch
** Induction brazing
** Furnace
** Dip
* Soldering
** Iron
** Hot plate
** Oven
** Induction
** Dip
** Wave
** Ultrasonic
* Sintering
* Adhesive bonding (incomplete)
** Thermo-setting and thermoplastic
** Epoxy
** Modified epoxy
** Phenolics
** Polyurethane
** Adhesive alloys
** Miscellaneous other powders, liquids, solids, and tapes
* Fastening wood and metal
** Nailing
** Screwing
** (By material fastened)
*** Machine (Metal)
*** Wood Screws
** (By slot type)
*** Phillips ("Plus sign" in Canada)
*** Straight ("Minus sign" in Canada)
** (By shape)
*** Round head
*** Flat head
*** Box head
*** Hex
*** Lag
** Nut and bolts
** Riveting
** Clinching
** Pinning
*** Cotter
*** Groove
*** Tapered
*** Roll
*** Retaining rings
*** Quick release skewer
** Stitching
** Stapling
* Press fitting

## Additive manufacturing

* 3D printing
* Direct metal laser sintering
* Filament winding, produces composite pipes, tanks, etc.
* Fused deposition modeling
* Inkjet Printing
* Laminated object manufacturing
* Laser engineered net shaping
* Layered manufacturing
* Rapid Induction Printing
* Selective laser sintering
* Spark plasma sintering
* Stereolithography

## Other

* Mining
** Quarrying
** Blasting
** Crushing
* Chemical manufacturing
* Petroleum refining
* Assembly line
* Printed circuit board manufacturing
* Semiconductor fabrication
* Packaging and labeling
* Logistics
* Woodworking
** Joinery (see also Joining, above)
*** Lapping
*** Mortising
*** Routing (see above)
*** Biscuit joiner
* Vulcanization
* Heat treating
* Bake-out