OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Half-integer

In mathematics, a half-integer is a number of the form $n+{\tfrac {1}{2}},$ where $n$ is an integer. For example, $4{\tfrac {1}{2}},\quad 7/2,\quad -{\tfrac {13}{2}},\quad 8.5$ are all half-integers. The name "half-integer" is perhaps misleading, as each integer $n$ is itself half of the integer $2n$. A name such as "integer-plus-half" may be more accurate, but while not literally true, "half integer" is the conventional term. Half-integers occur frequently enough in mathematics and in quantum mechanics that a distinct term is convenient.
Note that halving an integer does not always produce a half-integer; this is only true for odd integers. For this reason, half-integers are also sometimes called half-odd-integers. Half-integers are a subset of the dyadic rationals (numbers produced by dividing an integer by a power of two).

## Notation and algebraic structure

The set of all half-integers is often denoted $\mathbb {Z} +{\tfrac {1}{2}}\quad =\quad \left({\tfrac {1}{2}}\mathbb {Z} \right)\smallsetminus \mathbb {Z} ~.$ The integers and half-integers together form a group under the addition operation, which may be denoted ${\tfrac {1}{2}}\mathbb {Z} ~.$ However, these numbers do not form a ring because the product of two half-integers is not a half-integer; e.g. $~{\tfrac {1}{2}}\times {\tfrac {1}{2}}~=~{\tfrac {1}{4}}~\notin ~{\tfrac {1}{2}}\mathbb {Z} ~.$ The smallest ring containing them is $\mathbb {Z} \left[{\tfrac {1}{2}}\right]$, the ring of dyadic rationals.

## Properties

* The sum of $n$ half-integers is a half-integer if and only if $n$ is odd. This includes $n=0$ since the empty sum 0 is not half-integer.
* The negative of a half-integer is a half-integer.
* The cardinality of the set of half-integers is equal to that of the integers. This is due to the existence of a bijection from the integers to the half-integers: $f:x\to x+0.5$, where $x$ is an integer.

## Uses
### Sphere packing

The densest lattice packing of unit spheres in four dimensions (called the D$_4$ lattice) places a sphere at every point whose coordinates are either all integers or all half-integers. This packing is closely related to the Hurwitz integers: quaternions whose real coefficients are either all integers or all half-integers.

### Physics

In physics, the Pauli exclusion principle results from definition of fermions as particles which have spins that are half-integers.
The energy levels of the quantum harmonic oscillator occur at half-integers and thus its lowest energy is not zero.

### Sphere volume

Although the factorial function is defined only for integer arguments, it can be extended to fractional arguments using the gamma function. The gamma function for half-integers is an important part of the formula for the volume of an n-dimensional ball of radius $R$, $V_{n}(R)={\frac {\pi ^{n/2}}{\Gamma ({\frac {n}{2}}+1)}}R^{n}~.$ The values of the gamma function on half-integers are integer multiples of the square root of pi: $\Gamma \left({\tfrac {1}{2}}+n\right)~=~{\frac {\,(2n-1)!!\,}{2^{n}}}\,{\sqrt {\pi \,}}~=~{\frac {(2n)!}{\,4^{n}\,n!\,}}{\sqrt {\pi \,}}~$ where $n!!$ denotes the double factorial.
# Narito ang Puso Ko (TV series)

Narito ang Puso Ko (trans. / international title: Here is My Heart) is a Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Enrico Quizon and Gina Alajar, it stars Jolina Magdangal, Raymart Santiago and James Blanco. It premiered on June 9, 2003 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on March 5, 2004 with a total of 175 episodes.

## Cast and characters
### Lead cast

* Jolina Magdangal as Antonina San Victores / Isabella Campuspos
* Raymart Santiago as Rodolfo Perez
* James Blanco as Santiago "Santi" Tatlonghari

### Supporting cast

* Rosa Rosal as Dolores San Victores
* Eddie Garcia as Felipe San Victores
* Amy Austria as Elsa Campuspos
* Dina Bonnevie as Violeta San Victores
* Raymond Bagatsing as Joaquin San Victores
* Ariel Rivera as Amoroso San Victores
* Carmina Villarroel as Ava "Primavera" Grande
* Lilia Dizon as Leticia
* Karen delos Reyes as fake Antonina / Luzviminda Bautista
* Chanda Romero as Clara Bautista
* Mylene Dizon as Stella Bautista
* Benjie Paras as Boyong

### Recurring cast

* Monsour del Rosario as Ernesto San Vicente
* Allan Paule as Allan
* Ricci Chan as Red
* Lara Melissa de Leon as Arlene
* Raven Villanueva as Janessa

### Guest cast

* Princess Punzalan as Salgado
* Sharmaine Arnaiz as younger Dolores
* Lander Vera Perez as Antonio San Victores
* Jay R as Jay R
* Kyla as Melani
* Jim Pebanco as Edgar
* Malou de Guzman as Rodolfo's mother
* Phoemela Baranda as Esmeralda San Victores
* Ernie Zarate as Enrico
* Reggie Curly as a private investigator
* Arlene Tolibas as a floor manager
* Mel Kimura as Melani's assistant
* Czarina Lopez de Leon as Jonathan's ex-girlfriend

## Accolades

Accolades received by Narito ang Puso Ko :
| Year | Award | Category | Recipient | Result | Ref. |
| 2004 | ENPRESS Golden Screen Awards for TV | Most Outstanding Supporting Actor | Raymond Bagatsing | Won | |
# Streets of Sorrow/Birmingham Six

"Streets of Sorrow/Birmingham Six" is a political song by the Irish folk punk band The Pogues, written by Terry Woods and Shane MacGowan and included on the band's 1988 album If I Should Fall from Grace with God.

## Structure

The song is divided into two parts, the first ("Streets of Sorrow"), written and sung by Woods, describes the pain and sadness on the streets of Northern Ireland at the height of the Troubles. The song is told from the point of view of someone who is leaving the place due to the increasing violence and conflict and who vows never to return "to feel more sorrow, nor to see more young men slain".
The second part of the song ("Birmingham Six"), written and sung by MacGowan, is a demonstration of support to the Birmingham Six and Guildford Four and the view that they were the victims of a miscarriage of justice and that their confessions had been extracted by torture at the hands of the West Midlands Serious Crime Squad, stating "there were six men in Birmingham, in Guildford there's four, who were picked up and tortured and framed by the law, and the filth got promotion, but they're still doing time, for being Irish in the wrong place and at the wrong time". Although this was later admitted to be the case by the British courts, at the time the people involved were still convicted and imprisoned for carrying out the Birmingham pub bombings and the Guildford pub bombing during the 1970s.
The last couplet of the song reads, "While over in Ireland eight more men lie dead/ Kicked down and shot in the back of the head", which McGowan stated was a reference to the Loughgall ambush.

## Controversy

"Streets of Sorrow/Birmingham Six" proved to be hugely controversial. The group performed the song on the Channel 4 show Friday Night Live on 15 April 1988, but the show cut to advertising before the song was finished. James Fearnley, biographer of The Pogues, wrote that the band had said in advance that they would be performing and performed the song in a camera rehearsal, without any comment being made.
The song was subsequently banned from being broadcast by the British Independent Broadcasting Authority under laws which were also responsible for a ban on the broadcasting of direct interviews with members of Sinn Féin and other groups. The IBA said the song alleged that "convicted terrorists are not guilty, the Irish people were put at a disadvantage in the courts of the United Kingdom and that it may have invited support for a terrorist organisation such as the IRA".
In 1991, the Birmingham Six were released after having their convictions overturned in the Court of Appeal and the allegations of torture at the hands of authorities were vindicated. The convictions of the Guildford Four — also mentioned in the song — had already been overturned in 1989. The song's ban was subsequently lifted, yet when it featured on a Channel 4 documentary in the early 1990s the channel was still not allowed to play the song, only to show the words on screen.
# Unsorted

Unsorted is an Indian romance drama television series that premiered on 27 January 2023 on Disney+ Hotstar. Produced under Natak Pictures, it stars Mugdha Agarwal, Vikram Bhui and Tanya Singh Bhatnagar.

## Cast

* Mugdha Agarwal as Tara
* Vikram Bhui as Naman
* Tanya Singh Bhatnagar as Seher

## Production

The series was announced on Disney+ Hotstar consisting of three episodes. Mugdha Agarwal, Vikram Bhui and Tanya Singh Bhatnagar were cast to appear in the series.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Directed by | Original release date |
| 1 | "It’s Complicated" | Rahul Bhatnagar | 27 January 2023 (2023-01-27) |
| 2 | "Let’s Call it Quits!" | Rahul Bhatnagar | 27 January 2023 (2023-01-27) |
| 3 | "All’s Well that Ends Well" | Rahul Bhatnagar | 27 January 2023 (2023-01-27) |

## Reception

Archika Khurana of The Times of India rated the series 3/5 stars.
# Henry Tazelaar

Henry D. Tazelaar is a lung, heart and transplant pathologist.
He obtained his B.A. at Calvin College then attended Rush Medical College of Rush University for his Doctor of Medicine (M.D). He then completed a residency in Pathology at Stanford University Medical Center, where he also obtained fellowship training in Surgical Pathology. While at Stanford he also did and NIH postdoctoral fellowship in heart and lung transplant pathology in the Laboratory of Dr. Margaret E. Billingham. He certified in Anatomic Pathology by the American Board of Pathology in 1988.
Tazelaar worked for 17 years at the Department of Pathology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota and is currently a consultant at Mayo Clinic in Arizona and professor of Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine as well as being Vice Chair of Quality and Education in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology. Currently, Dr. Tazelaar is Chairman of the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic Scottsdale.
His areas of expertise are pulmonary pathology and cardiovascular pathology. He is nationally renowned as an expert in both these fields and lectures on a regular basis around the world. He is active in multiple pathology societies and has served in leadership positions in several (United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Pulmonary Pathology Society). He was President of the Pulmonary Pathology Society from 2004 to 2006.

## Writings

He is one of the editors of a major textbook on the pathology of lung disease., which was reviewed in 2006 in the New England Journal of Medicine and the American Journal of Surgical Pathology.
Tazelaar was part of the team that described pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (a disease that occurs almost exclusively in women) in a male patient. Another important contribution is his paper on acute eosinophilic pneumonia, in which he showed that the pathologic finding in these cases was diffuse alveolar damage with prominent eosinophils.
He is a co-author of the lung and heart transplantation working formulations that provide guidelines to pathologists who interpret lung and heart biopsies from transplant patients.
# Sunny & the Sunglows

Sunny & the Sunglows (formed by songwriters Jimmie Lewing and Sunny Ozuna in Palacios, Texas) was an American musical group started 1959, and later known as Sunny & the Sunliners in 1963 after moving to San Antonio, Texas.

## Career

The group's members were all Chicano-born with the exception of Amos Johnson Jr., and their style was a blend of rhythm and blues, tejano, blues, and mariachi. They first recorded in 1962 for their own label, Sunglow. Okeh Records picked up their single "Golly Gee" for national distribution that year, and in 1963, Huey P Meaux, a producer from Louisiana and owner of Tear Drop Records, had them record a remake of Little Willie John's 1958 hit, "Talk to Me, Talk to Me". The single "Talk to Me" (b/w "Every Week, Every Month, Every Year"), released on Tear Drop Records, went to No. 4 on the Adult Contemporary chart, No. 12 on the US Billboard R&B chart, and No. 11 on the Billboard Hot 100 in October 1963.

## Members

* Sunny Ozuna – lead vocals
* Vincent Chente Montez – vocals (Bass)
* Manuel Guerra – leader
* Rudy Guerra – tenor sax
* Gregg Ramirez – bass
* Henry Nanez – guitar
* Manuel Martinez – guitar
* Tommy Luna – tenor sax
* Andy Ortiz – piano (Sunglows era)
* Arthur Gonzalez – electric piano
* Martin Liñan – alto sax
* Gilbert Fernandez – tenor sax
* Amos Johnson Jr. – trumpet
* Bobby Solis – drums
* Joel Dilley – bass
* Joe Cortez III – keyboards, vocals (1977–78)
* Johnny Guerra – guitar, vocals
* Carlos Hernandez – alto sax, vocals
* Jimmy Solis – tenor sax, vocals
* Bobby Gutierrez – tenor and bari sax
* David Silva – trumpet
* Roger Rivera – trombone
* David DeLaGarza – keyboards
* Frank Ardila – guitar
* Arturo Alderete - bass (1973-75)
* Charlie Sandoval - percussion

## Discography

* Talk to Me (Tear Drop Records, LP2000 1964)
* All Night Worker (Tear Drop, LP2019 1964)
* Las Vegas Welcomes (Tear Drop, 1964)
* Adelante (Key-Loc, 1964)
* The Original Peanuts (Sunglow Records, LP103 1965)
* Smile Now Cry Later (Key-Loc 3001 1966)
* Live in Hollywood (Key-Loc 3003 1966)
* Little Brown Eyed Soul (Key-Loc, 1968)
* The Versatile (Key-Loc, 1969)
* Young, Gifted and Brown (Key-Loc, 1971)
* El Orgullo de Texas (Key-Loc, 1974)
* El Preferido (Key-Loc, 1974)
* Yesterday...& Sunny (Teardrop Records, 1976)
* Siempre (Key-Loc, 1976)
* Palabritas (Key-Loc, 1976)
* Andale Mi Amor (Key-Loc, 1977)
* This Is My Band (Key-Loc 3006 1977)
* Live in Las Vegas (Key-Loc, 1978)
* Yesterday and Sunny Vol. II (Key-Loc, 1978)
* Grande Grande Grande (Key-Loc, 1978)
* Vengo a Verte (Key-Loc, 1979)
* Cry (Key-Loc, 1980)
* El Amante: Sunny & The Sunliners (Freddie Records – LP-026 1981)
# Marcos Martínez

Marcos Martínez may refer to:
* Marcos Martínez (racing driver)
* Marcos Martínez (actor)
# Suzhou Center Mall

Suzhou Center Mall is a large shopping mall located in Suzhou, China. The mall opened in November 2017 and was developed by the Singaporean Management company CapitaLand. The mall spans over 300,000 square meters and houses over 600 different branded stores. It includes famous brands such as Apple and Microsoft.
The Suzhou Center mall is currently the largest mall in Suzhou. With an east and west area it has a big lobby in the center usually containing special events such as sponsors or Chinese festivals. The mall is 6 stories tall and goes down another few stories for parking. Suzhou Center features attractions such as an area for horse riding lessons, an Olympic sized ice rink, grocery store, arcade, bubble tea stores and more.
In 2018 the mall won the MAPIC Award for "Best New Shopping Center" which recognizes innovation and quality in the global retail real estate industry.
* Suzhou Center Mall attractions
* Outdoor Greenery
* Interior View
* Ice rink
* Horse Riding lessons
* Pink Panther claw games
# NAPPS

The National Association of Proprietors of Private Schools (NAPPS) is the highest body of private school owners in Nigeria. It has branches in the thirty-six states and its headquarters is located in Abuja.

## History

The association was founded on 25 November 2005 in Abuja after meetings by the presidents of associations of private schools in the thirty-six states of the federation. The association was created to promote the interaction and communication of proprietors of private schools in Nigeria to increase the quality of the education given to pupils.

## National president

The national President of NAPPS is Chief Yomi Otubela. (Proprietor,Lagooz Schools)

## Mission

NAPPS is to provide knowledge, skills, and orientation needed for national development and transformation.
# Prayagraj Municipal Corporation

Prayagraj Municipal Corporation (formerly known as Allahabad Municipal Corporation) is the governing civic body of Prayagraj city in Uttar Pradesh. It is responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration of the city. It was established in 1863 as the Municipal Board of Allahabad under the act of 26 of 1850. The board was changed to corporation in 1959. It administers an area of 365 km$^2$ (141 sq mi).

## List of Mayors

| Year | Member | Political Party |
| 1995 | Prof. Rita Bahuguna Joshi | Independent |
| 2000 | Dr. K. P. Srivastava | Samajwadi Party |
| 2006 | Ch. Jitendra Nath Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 2012 | Abhilasha Gupta Nandi | Independent |
| 2017 | Abhilasha Gupta Nandi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2023 | Ganesh Chandra Kesarwani | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election Results

Uttar Pradesh Local Body Election, 2023: Allahabad :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | BJP | Ganesh Kesarwani | 2,35,675 |
| | SP | Ajay Kumar Srivastava | 1,06,286 |
| | INC | Prabha Shankar Mishra | 40,486 |
| | BSP | Saeed Ahmad | 36,799 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,29,389 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| | BJP gain from SP | BJP gain from SP | Swing |
Uttar Pradesh Local Body Election, 2017: Allahabad :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Abhilasha Gupta | 1,31,297 | 40.30 |
| | SP | Vinod Chandra Dubey | 67,913 | 20.84 |
| | INC | Vijay Mishra | 64,579 | 19.82 |
| | BSP | Ramesh Chandra Kesarwani | 24,969 | 7.66 |
| | IND. | Phool Chandra Dubey | 10,086 | 3.10 |
| | AAP | Salil Srivastava | 4,695 | 1.44 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | 1,544 | 0.47 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 63,384 | 19.46 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,25,811 | 30.32 |
| | BJP gain from Independent | BJP gain from Independent | Swing | |
# Pakaudi Lal Kol

Pakaudi Lal Kol is an Indian politician and was member of the 15th and 17th Lok Sabha. He represented the Robertsganj parliamentary constituency of Uttar Pradesh.

## Career

He has joined Apna Dal (Sonelal) on 27 March 2019 & is contesting the 17th Lok Sabha election from Robertsganj seat as an Apna Dal (Sonelal) candidate with the support of Bharatiya Janata Party.
Pakauri Lal is Under Matriculate by education. He was an agriculturist before joining politics.

## Posts held

| # | From | To | Position |
| 01 | 2002 | 2003 | Member, Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly |
| 02 | 2009 | 2014 | Elected to 15th Lok Sabha |
| 03 | 2009 | - | Member, Committee on Industry |
| 04 | 2009 | - | Member, Committee on Papers Laid on the Table |
| 05 | 2010 | - | Member, Consultative Committee on Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises |
| 06 | 2019 | Till Date | Elected to 17th Lok Sabha |
# Smelthouses

Smelthouses is a hamlet in Nidderdale in North Yorkshire, England. It lies about 2.3 miles (4 km) south-east of Pateley Bridge, on either side of Fell Beck, a small tributary of the River Nidd. Fell Beck here forms the boundary between the civil parishes of Hartwith cum Winsley and High and Low Bishopside, so that the settlement is divided between the two parishes.
In the Middle Ages Fell Beck was the boundary between the lands of the Archbishop of York (which became High and Low Bishopside) and the manor of Brimham held by Fountains Abbey (which became Hartwith cum Winsley). Fountains Abbey had a grange at Wyse Ing at what is now Smelthouses. By the middle of the 15th century the abbey had a bellows-blown lead smelting mill there, which gave its name to the hamlet, but there is no record of its use in the 16th century or at the dissolution of the abbey.
In 1795 a flax-spinning mill was started on the west side of the beck at Smelthouses. The mill flourished in the 19th century, but was burned down in 1890. In the early 20th century there was a rope and twine business at Little Mill in Smelthouses.
A Wesleyan chapel was opened at Smelthouses in 1841 to serve the industrial hamlet. It was replaced by a chapel at Wilsill in 1897.
The road from Pateley Bridge to Knaresborough historically passed through Smelthouses. Under an Act of Parliament of 1759 a turnpike trust was formed to build a new toll road on the route. In 1761 the trust built a new bridge over Fell Beck at Smelthouses, and rebuilt it in 1802. The bridge is now a Grade II listed building. However the route was abandoned as a turnpike in 1828, when the trust diverted the route to a new line from Wilsill to Burnt Yates via Summerbridge, now followed by the B6165.

## Notable locals

* Catherine Bennett, journalist
# Lavoriškės

Lavoriškės is a village in the Vilnius district municipality, Lithuania, it is located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of Vilnius city municipality, very close to the border with Belarus. According to the 2011 census, it had population of 621.
# Joshua Montefiore

Joshua Vita Montefiore (10 August 1762 – 26 June 1843) was a British lawyer and military officer.

## Life

Montefiore was born to Jewish parents in the City of London. He was educated at the University of Oxford. He was called to the bar in 1784.
In 1794, Montefiore returned to England from the colonies and declined a knighthood. Shortly after his return, he became the first Jew to hold the rank of Captain in the British Army.His nephew was Moses Montefiore.
He wrote extensively on the legal profession.
# Acacia calamifolia

Acacia calamifolia, commonly known as wallowa or reed-leaf wattle, is a shrub or tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae endemic to south eastern parts of Australia.

## Description

The rounded shrub typically grows to a height of 2 to 4 metres (7 to 13 ft) with some individuals reaching as high as 10 m (33 ft) the width of the plant is usually 2 to 4 m (6 ft 7 in to 13 ft 1 in). The narrowly linear, green to grey-green, terete phyllodes have a length of 2 to 10.5 cm (0.79 to 4.13 in) and a width of 1 to 1.5 mm (0.039 to 0.059 in). The phyllodes have a curved point, are glabrous and sometimes scurfy with four non-prominent nerves. It blooms between October and November producing yellow flowers. The inflorescences are found on two to eight headed racemes. The spherical to obloid shaped flower-heads contain 28 to 46 golden pale yellow to golden flowers. The woody, wrinkled seed pods form after flowering have a moniliform shape, resembling a string of beads, with a length of up to 15 cm (5.9 in) and a width of 3 to 6 mm (0.12 to 0.24 in). The dull dark brown to black oblong-elliptic shaped seeds have a length of 6 to 9 mm (0.24 to 0.35 in).

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist Robert Sweet in John Lindley's work Edwards's Botanical Register in 1824. The species was reclassified as Racosperma calamifolium by Leslie Pedley in 2003 then transferred ack to the genus Acacia in 2006. Other synonyms include; Acacia microcarpa var. linearis, Acacia pulverulenta and Acacia uncinata. The specific epithet is taken from the Latin words calamus meaning reed and folium meaning leaf in reference to the shape of the phyllodes.

## Distribution

The shrub is found in South Australia from the Flinders Ranges in the north south to the Tothill Ranges in the northern Mount Lofty Ranges and east to Broken Hill and central parts of New South Wales. It is often a part of woodland and open scrubland communities where it grows in a variety of soil types different soils. It is also found in north western Victoria.

## Cultivation

The shrub is planted as medium-sized ornamental wattle that is suitable as a low shelter plant. It can tolerate full sun or part shade and prefers a well-drained soil but can endure short periods of water logging. It is drought and frost tolerant to −7 °C (19 °F). It makes good habitat for bird life and the seeds are and an important part of the Mallee fowl's diet.