# Bibliography of encyclopedias: history

This is a list of encyclopedias and encyclopedic/biographical dictionaries published on the subject of history and historians in any language. Entries are in the English language except where noted.

## General history

* American Association for State and Local History. Directory of historical organizations in the United States and Canada. AASLH Press, 1990–. ISSN 1045-456X.
* Bagnall, Roger S.; Brodersen, Kai; Champion, Craige B.; Erskine, Andrew, Huebner, Sabine R. (2012): The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, Wiley, 13 vols, 7,800 pages. ISBN 9781405179355. Subscription-based online access available.
* Behnen, Michael, ed. (2002): Lexikon der deutschen Geschichte 1945–1990. Ereignisse – Institutionen – Personen im geteilten Deutschland. Kröner, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 9783520834010. (in German)
* Burnett, Thom. Conspiracy Encyclopedia: The Encyclopedia of Conspiracy Theories
* Carruth, Gordon. Encyclopedia of World Facts and Dates. HarperCollins, 1993.
* DeFronzo, James V. Revolutionary movements in world history: From 1750 to the present. ABC-CLIO, 2006. ISBN 1851097937.
* dtv (2002): Lexikon des Mittelalters, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 9 vols, paperback, 9,900 pages. ISBN 978-3423590570. Online edition (2009) available from Brepolis, ISBN 978-2-503-52415-3. (in German)
* Evans, Barbara Jean. A to zax: a comprehensive dictionary for genealogists & historians. Hearthside Press, 1995. ISBN 0945231024.
* Feather, John. Dictionary of Book History. Oxford University Press, 1987.
* Fondation DHS, ed. (2011) Dictionnaire Historique de la Suisse (Historical Dictionary of Switzerland), Editions Gilles Attinger, Hauterive, ISBN 2-88256-133-4. (in French) Also published in German as Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, Schwabe AG, Basel, ISBN 3-7965-1900-8 (in German) and Italian as Dizionario storico della Svizzera, Armando Dadò editore, Locarno, ISBN 88-8281-100-X. (in Italian). The work currently consists of 10 volumes (A-Sa) in each language and is expected to be completed in 2014 with the 13th volume. Free searchable online access is available.
* Geiss, Dieter, contrib. (2008): Der Grosse Ploetz, 35th edition, Verlag Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2,128 pages. ISBN 978-3-525-32008-2.
* Haydn, Joseph, Benjamin Vincent. Haydn's dictionary of dates and universal information relating to all ages and nations. Scholarly Press, 1968.
* International Committee of Historical Sciences. International bibliography of historical sciences: Internationale Bibliographie der Geschichtswissenschaften. Librairie Armand Colin. ISSN 0074-2015.
* Johnson, David E. From day to day: A calendar of notable birthdays and events. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 081083944X.
* Kirby, D.P. (3 June 1997). A Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-1-85264-047-7.
* Kohn, George Childs, Leonard Latkovski, Jr. Dictionary of historic documents. Facts on File, 2003. ISBN 0816047723.
* Kuhlman, Erika A. A to Z of women in world history. Facts on File, 2002. ISBN 0816043345.
* Langer, William L. An Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged. 5th ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1972.
* Lenman, Bruce, Hilary Marsden. Chambers dictionary of world history. Chambers, 2005. ISBN 0550100946.
* MacCusker, John J. History of world trade since 1450. Macmillan Reference USA, 2006. ISBN 9780028658407.
* Peregrine, Peter N., Melvin Ember, Human Relations Area Files, Inc. Encyclopedia of prehistory. Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 2001–2002. ISBN 0306462648.
* Ritter, Harry. Dictionary of concepts in history. Greenwood Press, 1986. ISBN 0313227004.
* Shillington, Kevin (2004). Encyclopedia of African History. Routledge. 3 vols. 1,912 pages. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
* Stearns, Peter N. (2001): The Encyclopedia of World History, 6th edition, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1,243 pages. With searchable CD. ISBN 9780395652374.
* Strayer, Joseph, ed. (1989). Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 0-684-19073-7. Jordan, William Chester, ed. (2003). Dictionary of the Middle Ages: Supplement 1. Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 0-684-80642-8
* Taddey, Gerhard, ed. (1998): Lexikon der deutschen Geschichte. Ereignisse, Institutionen, Personen. Von den Anfängen bis zur Kapitulation 1945., 3rd edition, Kröner, Stuttgart, 1,410 pages. ISBN 3-520-81303-3.
* Wetterau, Bruce. Macmillan Concise Dictionary of World History. Macmillan, 1983.
* Williams, Henry Smith (1905), The Historians' History of the World, New York, The Outlook Company.

## Chronologies

* Asimov's Chronology of the World. HarperCollins, 1991.
* Grun, Bernard. Timetables of History. 3rd ed, Simon & Schuster, 1991.
* Murray, Tim. Milestones in archaeology: A chronological encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 9781576071861.
* New York Public Library Book of Chronologies. Prentice Hall, 1990.
* Trager, James. The People's Chronology: A Year-by-Year Record of Human Events from Prehistory to the Present. Rev. ed., Holt, 1992.

## Exploration and discovery

* Bohlander, Richard. World Explorers and Discoverers. Macmillan, 1992.
* Delpar, Helen. The Discoverers: An Encyclopedia of Explorers and Exploration. McGraw-Hill, 1980.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* The Marshall Cavendish Illustrated Encyclopedia of Discovery and Exploration. Marshall Cavendish, 1991.

## Historians

* Boyd, Kelly. Encyclopedia of historians and historical writing. Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999. ISBN 1884964338.
* Cannon, John Ashton. The Blackwell dictionary of historians. Blackwell Reference, 1988. ISBN 063114708X.
* Jenkins, Ellen J. Eighteenth-Century British Historians. Thomson Gale, 2007. ISBN 9780787681548.
* Wilson, Clyde Norman. American historians, 1607–1865. Gale Research, 1984. ISBN 0810317087.

## Historiography

* Boia, Lucian, Ellen Nore, Keith Hitchins International Committee of Historical Sciences. Great historians from antiquity to 1800: An international dictionary. Greenwood Press, 1989. ISBN 0313245177.
* Woolf, D. R., Kathryn M. Brammall, Greg Bak. A global encyclopedia of historical writing. Garland, 1998. ISBN 0815315147.

## History by era
### Ancient history

* Bhattacharyya, Narendra Nath. The Geographical dictionary: Ancient and early medieval India. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1991. ISBN 8121500788.
* Leroi-Gourham, André, José Garanger, Dominique Baffier. Dictionnaire de la préhistoire. Presses universitaires de France, 1988. ISBN 2130414591. (French)
* Salisbury, Joyce E., Mary Lefkowitz. Encyclopedia of women in the ancient world. ABC-CLIO, 2001. ISBN 1576070921.

### Classical era

* Avi-Yonah, Michael, Israel Shatzman, F. W. Walbank.Illustrated encyclopaedia of the classical world. Sampson Low, 1976. ISBN 0562000372.
* Cancik, Hubert, Helmuth Schneider, Christine F. Salazar, David E. Orton. Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the ancient world. Brill, 2002–. ISBN 9004122591.
* Daremberg, Charles Victor. Dictionnaire des antiquités grecques et romaines, d'après les textes et les monuments. Hachette, 1877–1919. (French).
* De Grummond, Nancy Thomson. An encyclopedia of the history of classical archaeology. Greenwood Press, 1996. ISBN 0313220662.
* Grant, Michael, Rachel Kitzinger. Civilization of the ancient Mediterranean: Greece and Rome. Scribner's, 1988. ISBN 0684175940.
* Hazel, John. Who's who in the Greek world. Routledge, 2000. ISBN 0415124972.
* Hazel, John. Who's who in the Roman world. Routledge. ISBN 0415224101.
* Hornblower, Simon, Antony Spawforth. The Oxford classical dictionary. Oxford University Press, 2003. ISBN 0198606419.
* Hornblower, Simon, Antony Spawforth. The Oxford companion to classical civilization. Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 0198601654.
* Pauly, August Friedrich von. Paulys real-encyclopadie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Supplement: Neue Bearbeitung unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher Fachgenossen. J. B. Metzler, 1903–1978.
* Paulys real-encyclopadie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft: neue Bearbeitung unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher Fachgenossen. J.B. Metzler, 1894–1972. (German)
* Salisbury, Joyce E., Mary Lefkowitz. Encyclopedia of women in the ancient world. ABC-CLIO, 2001. ISBN 1576070921.
* Shipley, Graham. The Cambridge dictionary of classical civilization. Cambridge University Press, 2006. ISBN 0521483131.
* Speake, Graham. Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic tradition. Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000.

### Middle Ages

* Bhattacharyya, Narendra Nath. The Geographical dictionary: Ancient and early medieval India. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1991. ISBN 8121500788.
* Broughton, Bradford B., Megan Broughton Blumbergs. Dictionary of medieval knighthood and chivalry. Greenwood Press, 1986. ISBN 0313245525.
* Chevalier, Ulysse. Répertoire des sources historiques du moyen âge. A. Picard, 1905–1907.
* Crabtree, Pam J. Medieval archaeology: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0815312865.
* Dahmus, Joseph. Dictionary of Medieval Civilization. Macmillan, 1984.
* Fritze, Ronald H., William B. Robison. Historical dictionary of late medieval England, 1272–1485. Greenwood Press, c2002. ISBN 0313291241.
* Gerli, E. Michael, Samuel G. Armistead. Medieval Iberia: An encyclopedia. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0415939186.
* International encyclopaedia for the Middle Ages (IEMA): A supplement to LexMA-online. Brepols. Available online here.
* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.
* Johnson, Ruth A. All things medieval: an encyclopedia of the medieval world. Greenwood, 2011. ISBN 9780313364624.
* Jordan, William C. Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Charles Scribner's Sons, 2004–. ISBN 0684806428.
* Kazhdan, Alexander B. The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford University Press, 1991. ISBN 014051323X.
* Khan, Iqtidar Alam. Historical dictionary of medieval India. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5503-8.
* Langer, Lawrence N. Historical dictionary of medieval Russia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810840804.
* Lexikon des Mittelalters online (LexMA). Brepols. Available online here. (German).
* Loyn, H. R. Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. Thames & Hudson, 1989.
* Meri, Josef W., Jere L. Bacharach. Medieval Islamic civilization: An encyclopedia. Routledge, 2006. ISBN 0415966914.
* Meyer, Otto, Renate Klauser. Clavis mediaevalis: Kleines Wörterbuch der Mittelalterforschung. O. Harrassowitz, 1962. (German).
* Murray, Alan V. The Crusades: An encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2006. ISBN 1576078620.
* Nicol, Donald MacGillivray. A biographical dictionary of the Byzantine Empire. Seaby, 1991. ISBN 1852640480.
* ORB: The online reference book for medieval studies. Kathryn Talarico College of Staten Island, City University of New York. Available online here.
* Pulsiano, Phillip, Kirsten Wolf, Paul Acker. Medieval Scandinavia: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1993. ISBN 0824047877.
* Rosser, John H. Historical dictionary of Byzantium. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810839792.
* Roth, Norman. Medieval Jewish civilization: An encyclopedia. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0415937124.
* Slack, Corliss Konwiser. Historical dictionary of the crusades. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810848554.
* Snodgrass, Mary Ellen, Linda Campbell Franklin. Who's who in the Middle Ages. McFarland, 2001. ISBN 0786407743.
* Strayer, Joseph R. Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Scribner's, 1982–1989.
* Vauchez, André, R. B. Dobson, Michael Lapidge. Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. Editions du Cerf; Fitzroy Dearborn; Città nuova, 2000. ISBN 1579582826.
* Xiong, Victor Cunrui. Historical dictionary of medieval China. Scarecrow Press, 2009. ISBN 9780810860537.

### Renaissance

* Bergin, Thomas G. and Jennifer Speake. Encyclopedia of the Renaissance. Facts on File, 1987.
* Bergin, Thomas Goddard, Jennifer Speake. Encyclopedia of the Renaissance and the Reformation. Facts on File, 2004. ISBN 0816054517.
* Bietenholz, Peter G., Thomas B. Deutscher. Contemporaries of Erasmus: a biographical register of the Renaissance and Reformation. University of Toronto Press, 1985–1987. ISBN 0802025072.
* Campbell, Gordon. The Oxford dictionary of the Renaissance. Oxford University Press, 2003. ISBN 0198601751.
* Grendler, Paul F., Renaissance Society of America. Encyclopedia of the Renaissance. Scribner's in association with the Renaissance Society of America, 1999. ISBN 0684805146.
* Nauert, Charles Garfield. Historical dictionary of the Renaissance. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810848678.
* Robin, Diana Maury, Anne R. Larsen, Carole Levin. Encyclopedia of women in the Renaissance: Italy, France, and England. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 1851097724.

### Reformation

* Bergin, Thomas Goddard, Jennifer Speake. Encyclopedia of the Renaissance and the Reformation. Facts on File, 2004. ISBN 0816054517.
* Bietenholz, Peter G., Thomas B. Deutscher. Contemporaries of Erasmus: a biographical register of the Renaissance and Reformation. University of Toronto Press, 1985–1987. ISBN 0802025072.

### 20th Century

* Brownstone, David and Irene Franck. Dictionary of 20th Century History. Prentice Hall, 1990.
* Burnett, Thom. Conspiracy Encyclopedia: The Encyclopedia of Conspiracy Theories
* Drexel, John. The Facts on File Encyclopedia of the 20th Century. Facts on File, 1991.
* Palmowski, Jan. A dictionary of contemporary world history: From 1900 to the present day. Oxford University Press, 2003. ISBN 019860484X.
* Pons, Silvio, Robert Service, Mark Epstein, Charles Townsend. A dictionary of 20th-century communism. Princeton University Press, 2010. ISBN 9780691135854.
* Sader, Emir. Latinoamericana: Enciclopedia contemporanea da America Latina e do Caribe. Laboratorio de Politicas Publicas; Boitempo Editorial, [2006?]. ISBN 8575590847.
* Teed, Peter. Dictionary of Twentieth-Century History. Oxford University Press, 1992.
* Tucker, Spencer. Encyclopedia of the Cold War: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85109-701-2.
* Yust, Walter. 10 eventful years: A record of events of the years preceding, including and following World War II, 1937 through 1946. Encyclopædia Britannica, [1947].
* Zeleza, Tiyambe, Dickson Eyoh. Encyclopedia of twentieth-century African history. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0415234794.

#### Holocaust

* Epstein, Eric Joseph, Philip Rosen, Henry R. Huttenbach. Dictionary of the Holocaust: Biography, geography, and terminology. Greenwood Press, 1997. ISBN 031330355X.
* Fischel, Jack. Historical dictionary of the Holocaust. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810836114.
* Laqueur, Walter, Judith Tydor Baumel. The Holocaust encyclopedia. Yale University Press, 2001. ISBN 0300084323.
* Niewyk, Donald L., Francis R. Nicosia. The Columbia guide to the Holocaust. Columbia University Press, 2000. ISBN 0231112009.
* Spector, Shmuel, Robert Rozett. Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Facts on File, 2000. ISBN 0816043337.
* Spector, Shmuel, Geoffrey Wigoder. The encyclopedia of Jewish life before and during the Holocaust. Yad Vashem; New York University Press, 2001. ISBN 0814793568.

## History of mathematics

* Grrattan-Guinness, Ivor. Companion Encyclopedia of the History and Philosophy of the Mathematical Sciences. Routledge, 1993.

## History of medicine

* Bynum, W. F. and Roy Porter. Companion Encyclopedia of the History of Medicine. Routledge, 1994.
* Kohn, George C. Encyclopedia of plague and pestilence: From ancient times to the present. Facts On File, 2007. ISBN 9780816069354; ISBN 0816069352.
* McGrew, Roderick E. and Margaret P. McGrew. Encyclopedia of Medical History. McGraw-Hill, 1985.

## History of psychology

* Howells, John G. & M. Livia Osborn. A Reference Companion to the History of Abnormal Psychology. Greenwood, 1984.

## History of science

* Asimov, Isaac. Asimov's Chronology of Science and Discovery. HarperCollins, 1989.
* Bynum, William F. Dictionary of the History of Science. Princeton University Press, 1981.
* Gascoigne, Robert Mortimer. Chronology of the History of Science, 1450-1900. Garland, 1987.
* Hellemans, Alexander and Bryan Bunch. Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science. Simon & Schuster, 1988.
* History of Science and Technology: A Narrative Chronology. Facts on File, 1988.
* McNeil, Ian. An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology. Routledge, 1990.
* Mount, Ellis and Barbara List. Milestones in Science and Technology: The Ready Reference Guide to Discoveries, Inventions, and Facts. 2nd ed., Oryx, 1993.
* Murray, Tim. Milestones in archaeology: A chronological encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 9781576071861.
* Parkinson, Claire. Breakthroughs: A Chronology of Great Achievements in Science and Mathematics, 1200-1930. G.K. Hall, 1985.

## Jewish history

* Epstein, Eric Joseph, Philip Rosen, Henry R. Huttenbach. Dictionary of the Holocaust: Biography, geography, and terminology. Greenwood Press, 1997. ISBN 031330355X.
* Gribetz, Judah. Timetables of Jewish History: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in Jewish History. Simon & Schuster, 1993.
* Kantor, Mattis. Jewish Time Line Encyclopedia. Jason Aronson, 1989.
* Medoff, Rafael, Chaim Isaac Waxman. Historical dictionary of Zionism. Scarecrow Press, 2000. ISBN 0810837730.
* Niewyk, Donald L., Francis R. Nicosia. The Columbia guide to the Holocaust. Columbia University Press, 2000. ISBN 0231112009.
* Roth, Norman. Medieval Jewish civilization: An encyclopedia. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0415937124.
* Shamir, Ilana and Shlomo Shavit. Young Reader's Encyclopedia of Jewish History. Viking Kestral, 1987.
* Spector, Shmuel, Geoffrey Wigoder. The encyclopedia of Jewish life before and during the Holocaust. Yad Vashem; New York University Press, 2001. ISBN 0814793568.

## Military history

* Gaines, W. Craig (1 April 2008). Encyclopedia of Civil War Shipwrecks. LSU Press. ISBN 978-0-8071-4789-4.

## Regional history

* Canby, Courtlandt. Encyclopedia of Historic Places. Facts on File, 1984.
* Esposito, John L. The Oxford encyclopedia of the modern Islamic world. Oxford University Press, 1995. ISBN 0195066138.

### Africa

* Appiah, Anthony, Henry Louis Gates. Africana: The encyclopedia of the African and African American experience. Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN 0195170555.
* Arnold, Guy. Historical dictionary of civil wars in Africa. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5766-7.
* Collins, Robert O. Historical dictionary of pre-colonial Africa. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810839784.
* Diagram Group. Encyclopedia of African peoples. Facts on File, 2000. ISBN 0816040990.
* Falola, Toyin. Key events in African history: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2002. ISBN 0313313237.
* Lye, Keith, Diagram Group. Encyclopedia of African nations and civilizations. Facts on File, 2002. ISBN 0816045682.
* Middleton, John, Joseph Calder Miller. New encyclopedia of Africa. Thomson/Gale, 2008. ISBN 9780684314549.
* Page, Willie F., Facts on File. Encyclopedia of African history and culture. Facts on File, 2001. ISBN 0816044724.
* Shillington, Kevin. Encyclopedia of African history. Fitzroy Dearborn, 2005. ISBN 1579582451.
* The United States in Africa: A Historical Dictionary. Greenwood, 1989.
* Vogel, Joseh O., Jean Vogel. Encyclopedia of precolonial Africa: Archaeology, history, languages, cultures, and environments. AltaMira Press, 1997. ISBN 0761989021.
* Zeleza, Tiyambe, Dickson Eyoh. Encyclopedia of twentieth-century African history. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0415234794.

#### African islands
##### Mauritius

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Mayotte

* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Réunion

* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Seychelles

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

#### North Africa

* Clements, Frank. Historical dictionary of Arab and Islamic organizations. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810839776.
* Dumper, Michael, Bruce E. Stanley, Janet L. Abu-Lughod. Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 1576079198.
* International encyclopaedia for the Middle Ages (IEMA): A supplement to LexMA-online. Brepols. Available online here.
* Lexikon des Mittelalters online (LexMA). Brepols. Available online here. (German).
* Mattar, Philip. Encyclopedia of the modern Middle East and North Africa. Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. ISBN 0028657691.
* Mawṣililī, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810836092.
* Somel, Selçuk Akşin. Historical dictionary of the Ottoman Empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810843323.
* Talhami, Ghada Hashem. Historical dictionary of women in the Middle East and North Africa. Scarecrow Press, 2013. ISBN 9780810868588.
* Who's who in the Arab world. Publitec Editions, 1966–. ISSN 0083-9752.

##### Algeria

* Naylor, Phillip Chiviges.Historical dictionary of Algeria. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 081085340X.

##### Egypt

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Goldschmidt, Arthur, Robert Johnston. Historical dictionary of Egypt. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810848562.
* Lobban, Richard. Historical dictionary of ancient and medieval Nubia. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810847841.

###### Ancient Egypt

* Bard, Kathryn A., Steven Blake Shubert. Encyclopedia of the archaeology of ancient Egypt. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0415185890.
* Bierbrier, M. L. Historical dictionary of ancient Egypt. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810836149.
* Bunson, Margaret. The Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Facts on File, 2012. ISBN 9780816082162.
* David, A. Rosalie, Antony E. David. A biographical dictionary of ancient Egypt. Seaby, 1992. ISBN 1852640324.
* Encyclopedia of Egyptology. University of California, Los Angeles. Available online here.
* Morkot, Robert. Historical dictionary of ancient Egyptian warfare. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810848627.
* Redford, Donald B. The Oxford encyclopedia of ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0195102347.
* Wilkinson, Toby A. H. The Thames and Hudson dictionary of ancient Egypt. Thames and Hudson, 2005. ISBN 0500051372.

##### Libya

* St. John, Ronald Bruce. Historical dictionary of Libya. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853035.

##### Morocco

* Park, Thomas Kerlin, Aomar Boum. Historical dictionary of Morocco. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853418.

##### Sudan

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Lobban, Richard. Historical dictionary of ancient and medieval Nubia. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810847841.
* Lobban, Richard, Robert S. Kramer, Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban. Historical dictionary of the Sudan. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810841002.

##### Western Sahara

* Pazzanita, Anthony G. Historical dictionary of Western Sahara. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810855402.

#### Sub-Saharan Africa

* Mays, Terr M., Mark DeLancey. Historical dictionary of international organizations in sub-Saharan Africa. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842572.
* Middleton, John. Encyclopedia of Africa south of the Sahara. C. Scribner's Sons, 1997. ISBN 0684804662.

##### Central Africa
###### Angola

* James, W. Martin, Susan H. Broadhead. Historical dictionary of Angola. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810849402.

###### Burundi

* Eggers, Ellen K. Historical dictionary of Burundi. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853027.

###### Cameroon

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

###### Chad

* Decalo, Samuel. Historical dictionary of Chad. Scarecrow Press, 1997. ISBN 0810832534.

###### Equatorial Guinea

* Liniger-Goumaz, Max. Historical dictionary of Equatorial Guinea. Scarecrow Press, 2000. ISBN 0810833948.

###### Gabon

* Gardinier, David E., Douglas A. Yates. Historical dictionary of Gabon. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810849186.

###### Republic of the Congo

* Decalo, Samuel, Virginia McLean Thompson, Richard Adloff. Historical dictionary of Congo. Scarecrow Press, 1996. ISBN 0810831163.

###### Rwanda

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### East Africa
###### Burundi

* Eggers, Ellen K. Historical dictionary of Burundi. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853027.

###### Kenya

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Maxon, Robert M., Thomas P. Ofcansky. Historical dictionary of Kenya. Scarecrow Press, 2000. ISBN 0810836165.

###### Madagascar

* Allen, Philip M., Marueen Covell. Historical dictionary of Madagascar. Scarecrow Press, 2005. ISBN 0810846365.

###### Malawi

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Kalinga, Owen J. M., C. A. Crosby. Historical dictionary of Malawi. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810834812.

###### Mozambique

* Azevedo, Mario Joaquim, Emmanuel U. Nnadozie, Tombe Nhamitambo Mbuia-João. Historical dictionary of Mozambique. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810837927.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

###### Tanzania

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Ofcansky, Thomas P., Rodger Yeager, Laura S. Kurtz. Historical dictionary of Tanzania. Scarecrow Press, 1997. ISBN 0810832445.

###### Uganda

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Horn of Africa

* Clements, Frank. Historical dictionary of Arab and Islamic organizations. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810839776.
* Mawṣililī, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810836092.
* Somel, Selçuk Akşin. Historical dictionary of the Ottoman Empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810843323.

###### Djibouti

* Alwan, Daoud Aboubaker, Yohanis Mibrathu. Historical dictionary of Djibouti. Scarecrow Press, 2000. ISBN 0810838737.

###### Eritrea

* Killion, Tom. Historical dictionary of Eritrea. Scarecrow Press, 1998. ISBN 0810834375.

###### Ethiopia

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Shinn, David Hamilton, Thomas P. Ofcansky, Chris Prouty. Historical dictionary of Ethiopia. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810849100.

###### Somalia

* Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji, Margaret Castagno. Historical dictionary of Somalia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810843447.

##### Southern Africa
###### Botswana

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Ramsay, Jeff, Barry Morton, Fred Morton. Historical dictionary of Botswana. Scarecrow Press, 1996. ISBN 0810831430.

###### Lesotho

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Rosenberg, Scott, Richard Frederick Weisfelder, Michelle Frisbie-Fulton. Historical dictionary of Lesotho. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810848716.

###### Madagascar

* Allen, Philip M., Marueen Covell. Historical dictionary of Madagascar. Scarecrow Press, 2005. ISBN 0810846365.

###### Namibia

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Grotpeter, John J. Historical dictionary of Namibia. Scarecrow Press, 1994. ISBN 081082728X.

###### South Africa

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Saunders, Christopher C., Nicholas Southey, Mary-Lynn Suttie. Historical dictionary of South Africa. Scarecrow Press, 2000. ISBN 0810836467.

###### Swaziland

* Booth, Alan R., John J. Grotpeter. Historical dictionary of Swaziland. Scarecrow Press, 2000. ISBN 0810837498.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

###### Zambia

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Simon, David, James R. Pletcher, Brian V. Siegel. Historical dictionary of Zambia. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5305-8.

###### Zimbabwe

* Rubert, Steven C., R. Kent Rasmussen. Historical dictionary of Zimbabwe. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810834715.

##### West Africa
###### Benin

* Decalo, Samuel. Historical dictionary of Benin. Scarecrow Press, 1995. ISBN 0810829053.

###### Burkina Faso

* McFarland, Daniel Miles, Lawrence Rupley. Historical dictionary of Burkina Faso. Scarecrow Press, 1998. ISBN 0810834057.

###### Ghana

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Owusu-Ansah, David. Historical dictionary of Ghana. Scarecrow Press, 2005.

###### Guinea

* O'Toole, Thomas, Janice E. Baker. Historical dictionary of Guinea. Scarecrow Press, 2005. ISBN 0810846349.

###### Liberia

* Dunn, D. Elwood, Amos Jones Beyan, Carl Patrick Burrowes. Historical dictionary of Liberia. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810838761.

###### Mali

* Imperato, Pascal James, Gavin H. Imperato. Historical dictionary of Mali. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 9780810856035.

###### Mauritania

* Pazzanita, Anthony G., Alfred G. Gerteiny. Historical dictionary of Mauritania. Scarecrow Press, 1996. ISBN 0810830957.

###### Niger

* Decalo, Samuel. Historical dictionary of Niger. Scarecrow Press, 1997. ISBN 0810831368.

###### Nigeria

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Falola, Toyin, Ann Genova. Historical dictionary of Nigeria. Scarecrow Press, 2009. ISBN 9780810856158.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

###### Sierra Leone

* Fyle, C. Magbaily, Cyril P. Foray. Historical dictionary of Sierra Leone. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853396.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

### Americas

* Bedini, Silvio. The Christopher Columbus Encyclopedia. Simon & Schuster, 1992.
* Provost, Foster. Columbus Dictionary. Omnigraphics, 1991.
* Sabin, Joseph, Wilberforce Eames, R. W. G. Vail Bibliographical Society of America. A dictionary of books relating to America, from its discovery to the present time. Joseph Sabin, 1868–1936.

#### Caribbean

* Atkinson, Nadine C. The Caribbean history pocket encyclopedia. Arawak, 2003. ISBN 9768189002.
* Balderston, Daniel, Mike Gonzalez, Ana M. López. Encyclopedia of contemporary Latin American and Caribbean cultures. Routledge, 2000. ISBN 041513188X.
* Collier, Simon, Thomas E. Skidmore, Harold Blakemore. The Cambridge encyclopedia of Latin America and the Caribbean. Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN 0521413222.
* Désormeaux, Emile, & Jean Baptiste Du Tertre1. Antilles d'hier et d'aujourd'hui: Tout l'univers antillais du début de la colonisation à nos jours. Désormeaux, [1978–].
* Hallewell, Laurence. Historical dictionaries of Latin America. Scarecrow, 1967–. ISSN 1931-874X.
* Kinsbruner, Jay, Erick Detlef Langer. Encyclopedia of Latin American history and culture. Gale, 2008. ISBN 9780684312705.
* Sader, Emir. Latinoamericana: Enciclopedia contemporanea da America Latina e do Caribe. Laboratorio de Politicas Publicas; Boitempo Editorial, [2006?]. ISBN 8575590847.
* Saunders, Nicholas J. Peoples of the Caribbean: An encyclopedia of archeology and traditional culture. ABC-CLIO, 2005. ISBN 1576077012.
* Tenenbaum, Barbara A. Latin America, history and culture: An encyclopedia for students. Macmillan Library Reference, 1999. ISBN 0684805766.

##### Anguilla

* Carty, Brenda, Coleville L. Petty. Anguilla: Tranquil isle of the Caribbean. Macmillan Education, 2000.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Antigua and Barbuda

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Bahamas

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Barbados

* Fraser, Henry, John Gilmore, Sean Carrington. A–Z of Barbados heritage. Macmillan Caribbean, 2003. ISBN 0333920686; ISBN 9780333920688.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Cayman Islands

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Cuba

* Enciclopedia y Clásicos Cubanos, inc. La enciclopedia de Cuba. Enciclopedia y Clásicos Cubanos, 1975–1977. ISBN 8435900975.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Martínez-Fernández, Luis. Encyclopedia of Cuba: People, history, culture. Greenwood Press, 2003. ISBN 157356334X.
* Suchlicki, Jaime. Historical dictionary of Cuba. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 081083779X.
* Tucker, Spencer D., James Arnold, Roberta Wiener, Paul G. Pierpaoli, Jack McCallum, Justin D. Murphy. The encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American wars: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2009. ISBN 9781851099511.

##### Dominica

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Dominican Republic

* Enciclopedia dominicana. Enciclopédia Dominicana, 2000. ISBN 9768156341.
* Ramos, Alejandro Paulino, Aquiles Castro. Diccionario de cultura y folklore dominicano. ABC Editorial, 2005. ISBN 9993482382.

##### French Antilles

* Corzani, Jack. Dictionnaire encyclopedique Desormeaux. Editions Desormeuax, [1992–1993]. ISBN 2852750201.

##### Grenada

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Guadeloupe

* Corzani, Jack. Dictionnaire encyclopedique Desormeaux. Editions Desormeuax, [1992–1993]. ISBN 2852750201.
* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Haiti

* Oriol, Michèle, Corinne Wieser. Histoire et dictionnaire de la révolution et de l'indépendance d'Haïti, 1789–1804. Fondation pour la Recherche Iconographique et Documentaire, 2002. ISBN 9993520829.

##### Jamaica

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Senior, Olive. Encyclopedia of Jamaican heritage. Twin Guinep, 2003. ISBN 9768007141.

##### Martinique

* Corzani, Jack. Dictionnaire encyclopedique Desormeaux. Editions Desormeuax, [1992–1993]. ISBN 2852750201.
* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Montserrat

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Puerto Rico

* Fernandez, Ronald, Serafin Méndez Méndez, Gail Cueto. Puerto Rico past and present: An encyclopedia. Greenwood Press, 1998. ISBN 031329822X.
* Sugrañes, José A. Toro. Nueva enciclopedia de Puerto Rico. Editorial Lector, 1995. ISBN 8487624421.

##### Saba

* Hoetink, H. Encyclopedie van de Nederlandse Antillen. Elsevier, 1969.

##### Saint Barthélemy

* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Saint Kitts and Nevis

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Saint Lucia

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Saint Martin

* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Sint Eustatius

* Hoetink, H. Encyclopedie van de Nederlandse Antillen. Elsevier, 1969.

##### Sint Maarten

* Hoetink, H. Encyclopedie van de Nederlandse Antillen. Elsevier, 1969.

##### Trinidad and Tobago

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Turks and Caicos Islands

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### U. S. Virgin Islands
#### Central America

* Balderston, Daniel, Mike Gonzalez, Ana M. López. Encyclopedia of contemporary Latin American and Caribbean cultures. Routledge, 2000. ISBN 041513188X.
* Bunson, Margaret, Stephen Bunson. Encyclopedia of ancient Mesoamerica. Facts on File, 1996. ISBN 0816024022.
* Carrasco, David. The Oxford encyclopedia of Mesoamerican cultures: The civilizations of Mexico and Central America. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0195108159.
* Collier, Simon, Thomas E. Skidmore, Harold Blakemore. The Cambridge encyclopedia of Latin America and the Caribbean. Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN 0521413222.
* Evans, Susan Toby, David L. Webster. Archaeology of ancient Mexico and Central America: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0815308876.
* Hallewell, Laurence. Historical dictionaries of Latin America. Scarecrow, 1967–. ISSN 1931-874X.
* Kinsbruner, Jay, Erick Detlef Langer. Encyclopedia of Latin American history and culture. Gale, 2008. ISBN 9780684312705.
* Phillips, Charles, David M. Jones. The illustrated encyclopedia of Aztec and Maya: The history, legend, myth and culture of the ancient native peoples of Mexico and Central America. Lorenz, 2004. ISBN 0754814890.
* Sader, Emir. Latinoamericana: Enciclopedia contemporanea da America Latina e do Caribe. Laboratorio de Politicas Publicas; Boitempo Editorial, [2006?]. ISBN 8575590847.
* Smith, Joseph. Historical dictionary of United States–Latin American relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 0810855291.
* Tenenbaum, Barbara A. Latin America, history and culture: An encyclopedia for students. Macmillan Library Reference, 1999. ISBN 0684805766.

##### Belize

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Costa Rica

* D'Angelo, G., Carlos Gispert. Enciclopedia de Costa Rica. Océano, 2001. ISBN 8449418798.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Gutierrez, Pedro Rafael. Calendario historico: 500 anos de historia de Costa Rica. Universidad Autonoma de Centro America, 1988. ISBN 9977630526.

##### Dominican Republic

* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.

##### El Salvador

* Cardenal, Rodolfo. Enciclopedia de El Salvador. Océano, [2001]. ISBN 8449416183.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Peñate, Óscar Martínez and María Elena Sánchez. El Salvador, diccionario: Personajes, hechos históricos, geografía e instituciones. Editorial Nuevo Enfoque, 2000. ISBN 9992380047.

##### Guatemala

* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.

##### Honduras

* d'Angelo, Graciela. Enciclopedia de Honduras. Océano Grupo Editorial, 2004. ISBN 8449419441.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Ortega, Ramiro Colindres, Oscar Armando Valladares. Enciclopedia histórica de Honduras. Graficentro Editores, 1989.
* O, Ramiro Colindres. Enciclopedia hondureña ilustrada: De personajes históricos y figuras contemporáneos. Graficentro Editores, 1994.

##### Nicaragua

* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Gispert, Carlos. Enciclopedia de Nicaragua. Oceano, 2003. ISBN 8449422310.

##### Panama

* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.

#### North America

* Cooke, Jacob Ernest, W. J. Eccles, Mathé Allain. Encyclopedia of the North American colonies. Charles Scribner's Sons; Macmillan Canada; Macmillan International, 1993. ISBN 0684192691.
* Keller, Rosemary Skinner, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Marie Cantlon. Encyclopedia of women and religion in North America. Indiana University Press, 2006. ISBN 0253346851.
* Miller, Randall and John D. Smith. Dictionary of Afro-American Slavery. Greenwood, 1988.
* Zhou, Peter X. Collecting Asia: East Asian libraries in North America, 1868–2008. Association for Asian Studies, 2010. ISBN 9780924304569.

##### Bermuda

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Canada

* Bercuson, David, J. L. Granatstein. Canadian military history. Oxford University Press, 1992. ISBN 0195408470.
* James Harley Marsh ed.: The Canadian Encyclopedia L'encyclopédie canadienne, Historica Canada, 2000. Online edition constantly updated and bilingual
* Ciment, James, Thaddeus Russell. The home front encyclopedia: United States, Britain, and Canada in World Wars I and II. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 978-1-57607-849-5.
* Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. University of Regina.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Gough, Barry M. Historical dictionary of Canada. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 081083541X.
* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Lamar, Howard Roberts. The new encyclopedia of the American West. Yale University Press, 1998. ISBN 0300070888.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Myers, Jan. The Fitzhenry & Whiteside Book of Canadian Facts and Dates. Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1986.
* New, W H: The Encyclopedia of Canadian Literature. University of Toronto, 2002
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.
* Story, Norah. Oxford Companion to Canadian History and Literature. Oxford University Press, 1967.

##### Greenland

* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.

##### Mexico

* Alvarez, José Rogelio. Enciclopedia de México. Enciclopedia de México, 1998. ISBN 1564090248.
* Arellanes, Anselmo. Diccionario histórico de la revolución en Oaxaca. [IIS] UABJO; IEEPO, 1997. ISBN 9687596058.
* Carrasco, David. The Oxford encyclopedia of Mesoamerican cultures: The civilizations of Mexico and Central America. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0195108159.
* Coerver, Don M., Suzanne B. Pasztor, Robert Buffington. Mexico: An encyclopedia of contemporary culture and history. ABC-CLIO, 2004. ISBN 1576071324.
* Collier, Simon, Thomas E. Skidmore, Harold Blakemore. The Cambridge encyclopedia of Latin America and the Caribbean. Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN 0521413222.
* Dent, David W. Encyclopedia of modern Mexico. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842912.
* Evans, Susan Toby, David L. Webster. Archaeology of ancient Mexico and Central America: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0815308876.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Fernández, Roberto Peredo, Octavio Ochoa Contreras, Gialuanna Ayora Vázquez. Diccionario enciclopédico veracruzano. Universidad Veracruzana, 1993. ISBN 9688342939.
* Frazier, Donald S. The United States and Mexico at war: Nineteenth-century expansionism and conflict. Macmillan Reference USA, 1998. ISBN 0028646061.
* García, Carlos Román. Diccionario enciclopédico de Chiapas. Consejo Estatal para la Cultura y las Artes de Chiapas; Universidad de Ciencias y Artes del Estado de Chiapas, 2000. ISBN 9685025908.
* Guerrero Cultural Siglo XXI, A.C. Diccionario enciclopédico del Estado de Guerrero. Guerrero Cultural Siglo XXI, A.C, 1999.
* Hallewell, Laurence. Historical dictionaries of Latin America. Scarecrow, 1967–. ISSN 1931-874X.
* Higuera, Salvador Mateos. Enciclopedia gráfica del México antiguo. Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público, 1992–[1994]. ISBN 9688065560.
* Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de la Revolución Mexicana. Diccionario histórico y biográfico de la Revolución Mexicana. Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de la Revolución Mexicana, Secretaría de Gobernación, 1990–1994. ISBN 968805562X.
* Kinsbruner, Jay, Erick Detlef Langer. Encyclopedia of Latin American history and culture. Gale, 2008. ISBN 9780684312705.
* Lamar, Howard Roberts. The new encyclopedia of the American West. Yale University Press, 1998. ISBN 0300070888.
* Musacchio, Humberto. Diccionario enciclopédico del Distrito Federal. Hoja Casa Editorial, 2000. ISBN 9686565582.
* Musacchio, Humberto. Milenios de México. Hoja Casa Editorial, 1999. ISBN 9686565345.
* Phillips, Charles, David M. Jones. The illustrated encyclopedia of Aztec and Maya: The history, legend, myth and culture of the ancient native peoples of Mexico and Central America. Lorenz, 2004. ISBN 0754814890.
* Pinzon, Soledad Mata, Carlos Zolla, Diego Méndez Granados Instituto Nacional Indigenista (Mexico). Diccionario enciclopédico de la medicina tradicional mexicana. Instituto Nacional Indigenista, 1994. ISBN 9682961335.
* Diccionario Porrúa de historia, biografía y geografía de México. Editorial Porrúa, 1995. ISBN 968452904X.
* Smith, Joseph. Historical dictionary of United States–Latin American relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 0810855291.
* Werner, Michael S., Tom Willcockson, Robert M. Salkin. Encyclopedia of Mexico: History, society and culture. Fitzroy Dearborn, 1997. ISBN 1884964311.

##### Saint Pierre and Miquelon

* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### United States

* Abramson, Rudy, Jean Haskell, Jill Oxendine. Encyclopedia of Appalachia. University of Tennessee Press, 2006. ISBN 1572334568.
* Adams, James T. Dictionary of American History. Rev. ed., Scribner's, 1976.
* Atlas of American History. 2nd ed., Scribner's, 1984.
* Becker, William H. The Encyclopedia of American Business History and Biography. Facts on File/Bruccoli Clark Layman, 1988-.
* Benowitz, June Melby. Encyclopedia of American women and religion. ABC-CLIO, 1998. ISBN 0874368871.
* Boyer, Paul S., Melvyn Dubofsky. The Oxford companion to United States history. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0195082095.
* Bradley, David, Shelley Fisher Fishkin. The encyclopedia of civil rights in America. Sharpe Reference, 1998. ISBN 0765680009.
* Browne, Ray Broadus, Pat Browne. The guide to United States popular culture. Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 2001. ISBN 0879728213.
* Buenker, John D., Joseph Buenker. Encyclopedia of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. Sharpe Reference, 2005. ISBN 0765680513.
* Carruth, Gorton. The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates. 9th ed., HarperCollins, 1997. ISBN 0062701924.
* Cayton, Mary Kupiec, Peter W. Williams. Encyclopedia of American cultural and intellectual history. Scribner, 2001. ISBN 0684805618.
* Cayton, Mary Kupiec, Elliott J. Gorn, Peter W. Williams. Encyclopedia of American Social History. Scribner's; Maxwell Macmillan Canada; Maxwell Macmillan International, 1993. ISBN 0684192462.
* Ciment, James. Colonial America: An encyclopedia of social, political, cultural, and economic history. Sharpe Reference, 2006. ISBN 0765680653.
* Ciment, James. Encyclopedia of American immigration. M.E. Sharpe, 2001. ISBN 0765680289.
* Ciment, James, Thaddeus Russell. The home front encyclopedia: United States, Britain, and Canada in World Wars I and II. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 978-1-57607-849-5.
* Ciment, James. Postwar America: An encyclopedia of social, political, cultural, and economic history. M. E. Sharpe, 2006. ISBN 076568067X.
* Clinton, Catherine, Christine A. Lunardini. The Columbia guide to American women in the nineteenth century. Columbia University Press, 2000. ISBN 0231109202.
* Concise Dictionary of American History. Scribner's, 1983.
* Corps, Terry. Historical dictionary of the Jacksonian era and Manifest Destiny. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810854538.
* Cullen-DuPont, Kathryn. Encyclopedia of women's history in America. Facts on File, 2000. ISBN 0816041008.
* Davis, Richard C. Encyclopedia of American forest and conservation history. Macmillan; Collier Macmillan, 1983. ISBN 0029073502.
* DeConde, Alexander, Richard Dean Burns, Fredrik Logevall. Encyclopedia of American foreign policy. Scribner, 2002. ISBN 0684806576.
* Dictionary of American Biography. Scribner's, 1928-.
* Duchak, Alicia. A–Z of modern America. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0415187559.
* Encyclopedia of the North American Colonies. 1993.
* Faragher, John M. The Encyclopedia of Colonial and Revolutionary America. Facts on File, 1989.
* Ferris, William. The Greenwood encyclopedia of American regional cultures. Greenwood Press, 2004. ISBN 0313332665.
* Finkelman, Paul. Encyclopedia of the new American nation: The emergence of the United States, 1754–1829. Charles Scribner's Sons; Thomson Gale, 2006. ISBN 0684313464.
* Foner, Eric. Freedom's lawmakers: A directory of black officeholders during Reconstruction. Louisiana State University Press, 1996. ISBN 0807120820.
* Foner, Eric and John Garraty. The Reader's Companion to American History. Houghton Mifflin, 1991.
* Frazier, Donald S. The United States and Mexico at war: Nineteenth-century expansionism and conflict. Macmillan Reference USA, 1998. ISBN 0028646061.
* Goldfield, David R. Encyclopedia of American urban history. Sage, 2007. ISBN 0761928847.
* Gordon, Lois G., Alan Gordon. American chronicle: Year by year through the twentieth century. Yale University Press, 1999. ISBN 0300075871.
* Hahn, Peter L. Historical dictionary of United States–Middle East relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5549-6.
* Johnson, Thomas Herbert. Oxford Companion to American History. Oxford University Press, 1966.
* Kammen, Carol, Norma Prendergast. Encyclopedia of local history. AltaMira Press, 2000. ISBN 0742503992.
* Kane, Joseph Nathan. Facts About the Presidents. 6th ed., H. W. Wilson, 1993.
* Kane, Joseph Nathan. Facts About the States. H. W. Wilson, 1989.
* Kane, Joseph Nathan, Steven Anzovin, Janet Podell. Famous first facts: A record of first happenings, discoveries, and inventions in American history. H. W. Wilson, 2006. ISBN 0824210654.
* Knight, Peter. Conspiracy theories in American history: An encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576078124.
* Kumaraswamy, P. R. Historical dictionary of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853434.
* Kutler Stanley I. Dictionary of American history. Charles Scribner's Sons, 2003. ISBN 0684805332.
* Kutler, Stanley I., Robert Dallek, David A. Hollinger. Encyclopedia of the United States in the twentieth century. Charles Scribner's Sons; Simon & Schuster; Prentice Hall International, 1996. ISBN 0132105357.
* Mankiller, Wilma Pearl. The reader's companion to U.S. women's history. Houghton Mifflin, 1998. ISBN 0395671736.
* Matray, James Irving. East Asia and the United States: An encyclopedia of relations since 1784. Greenwood Press, 2002. ISBN 0313305579.
* Mays, Dorothy A. Women in early America: Struggle, survival, and freedom in a new world. ABC-CLIO, 2004. ISBN 1851094296.
* McElvaine, Robert S. Encyclopedia of the Great Depression. Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. ISBN 0028656865.
* Middleton, Ken. American women's history: A research guide. .
* Moreno, Barry. Encyclopedia of Ellis Island. Greenwood Press, 2004. ISBN 0313326827.
* Morris, Richard B. Encyclopedia of American History. 6th ed., HarperCollins, 1982.
* Morris, Richard Brandon and Jeffrey Brandon Morris. Encyclopedia of American history. Harper Collins, 1996. ISBN 0062700553.
* Ness, Immanuel, Stephen Eric Bronner, Frances Fox Piven. Encyclopedia of American social movements. Sharpe Reference, 2004. ISBN 0765680459.
* Olson, James S. and Susan Wladaver-Morgan. Dictionary of United States Economic History. Greenwood, 1992.
* Porter, Glenn. Encyclopedia of American Economic History: Studies of the Principal Movements and Ideas. Scribner's, 1980.
* Queen, Edward L., Stephen R. Prothero, Gardiner H. Shattuck. Encyclopedia of American religious history. Facts on File, 2001. ISBN 0816043353.
* Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr. Almanac of American History.
* Scribner Desk Dictionary of American History. Scribner's, 1984.
* Shavit, David. United States in Asia: A Historical Dictionary. Greenwood, 1990. ISBN 0313253412.
* Shifflett, Crandall A. Victorian America, 1876 to 1913. Facts on File, 1996. ISBN 0816025312.
* Sifakis, Carl. The mafia encyclopedia. Facts on File, 2005. ISBN 0816056943.
* Smith, Joseph. Historical dictionary of United States–Latin American relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 0810855291.
* Sutter, Robert G. Historical dictionary of Chinese foreign policy. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810868601.
* The United States in Africa: A Historical Dictionary. Greenwood, 1989.
* The United States in Asia: A Historical Dictionary. Greenwood, 1990.
* The United States in the Middle East: A Historical Dictionary. Greenwood, 1988.
* Tucker, Spencer D., James Arnold, Roberta Wiener, Paul G. Pierpaoli, Jack McCallum, Justin D. Murphy. The encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American wars: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2009. ISBN 9781851099511.
* Urdang, Laurence. Timetables of American History. Simon & Schuster, 1981.
* Van Sant, John E., Peter Mauch, Yoneyuki Sugita. Historical dictionary of United States–Japan relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5608-0.
* Wakelyn, Jon L. Birth of the Bill of Rights: Encyclopedia of the Antifederalists. Greenwood Press, 2004. ISBN 0313317399.
* Weatherbee, Donald E. Historical dictionary of United States–Southeast Asia relations. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5542-7.
* Wintz, Cary D., Paul Finkelman. Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance. Routledge, 2004. ISBN 157958389X.
* Wynar, Lubomyr Roman, Anna T. Wynar. Encyclopedic directory of ethnic newspapers and periodicals in the United States. Libraries Unlimited, 1976. ISBN 0872871541.
* Yanak, Ted and Pam Cornelison. Great American History Fact-Finder. Houghton Mifflin, 1993.

###### Alaska

* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.

###### American West

* Cusic, Don. Cowboys and the Wild West: An A–Z guide from the Chisholm Trail to the silver screen. Facts on File, 1994. ISBN 0816027838.
* Lamar, Howard Roberts. The new encyclopedia of the American West. Yale University Press, 1998. ISBN 0300070888.
* Lamar, Howard R. The Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West. HarperCollins, 1977.
* McLoughlin, Denis. Wild and Woolly: An Encyclopedia of the American West. Doubleday, 1975.
* Nestor, Sandy. Silver and gold mining camps of the old West: A state by state American encyclopedia. McFarland, 2007. ISBN 9780786428137.

###### Midwest

* Sisson, Richard, Christian K. Zacher, Andrew R. L. Cayton. The American Midwest: An interpretive encyclopedia. Indiana University Press, 2007. ISBN 0253348862.

###### New England

* Feintuch, Burt, David H. Watters. The encyclopedia of New England: The culture and history of an American region. Yale University Press, 2005. ISBN 0300100272.

###### Southern United States

* Current, Richard Nelson, Paul D. Escott. Encyclopedia of the Confederacy. Simon & Schuster, 1993–. ISBN 0132759918.
* Richter, William L. Historical dictionary of the Old South. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810850745.
* Riley, Sam G. Magazines of the American South. Greenwood Press, 1986. ISBN 0313243379.
* Twyman, Robert W. and David C. Roller. The Encyclopedia of Southern History. Louisiana State University Press, 1979.
* Volo, James M., Dorothy Denneen Volo. Encyclopedia of the antebellum South. Greenwood Press, 2000. ISBN 0313308861.
* Wilson, Charles Reagen, James G. Thomas, Ann J. Abadie, University of Mississippi. The new encyclopedia of Southern culture. University of North Carolina Press, 2006–2007. ISBN 9780807830031.

#### South America

* Balderston, Daniel, Mike Gonzalez, Ana M. López. Encyclopedia of contemporary Latin American and Caribbean cultures. Routledge, 2000. ISBN 041513188X.
* Collier, Simon, Thomas E. Skidmore, Harold Blakemore. The Cambridge encyclopedia of Latin America and the Caribbean. Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN 0521413222.
* Gunson, Phil, Andrew Thompson, Greg Chamberlain. The dictionary of contemporary politics of South America. Routledge, 1989. ISBN 0415028086.
* Hallewell, Laurence. Historical dictionaries of Latin America. Scarecrow, 1967–. ISSN 1931-874X.
* Kinsbruner, Jay, Erick Detlef Langer. Encyclopedia of Latin American history and culture. Gale, 2008. ISBN 9780684312705.
* Sader, Emir. Latinoamericana: Enciclopedia contemporanea da America Latina e do Caribe. Laboratorio de Politicas Publicas; Boitempo Editorial, [2006?]. ISBN 8575590847.
* Smith, Joseph. Historical dictionary of United States–Latin American relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 0810855291.
* Tenenbaum, Barbara A. Latin America, history and culture: An encyclopedia for students. Macmillan Library Reference, 1999. ISBN 0684805766.

##### Argentina

* Chávez, Fermín, Roberto Vilchez, Enrique Manson, Lorenzo González. Diccionario histórico argentino. Ediciones Fabro, 2005. ISBN 9872166609.
* de Santillan, Diego Abad. Gran enciclopedia argentina. Ediar, 1956–1964.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Kohut, David R., Olga Vilella, Beatric Julian. Historical dictionary of the "dirty wars". Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810848538.

##### Bolivia

* Barnadas, Josep M., Guillermo Calvo, Juan Ticlla Grupo de Estudios Históricos. Diccionario histórico de Bolivia. Grupo de Estudios Históricos, 2002. ISBN 8483702770.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Sagárnaga M., J. Antonio. Breve diccionario de la cultura nativa en Bolivia. Producciones Cima, [2002].

##### Brazil

* Brasil A/Z: Enciclopédia alfabética em um único volume. Editora Universo, 1988. ISBN 8585222212.
* de Oliveira, José Teixeira and Affonso d'Escragnolle Taunay. Dicionário brasileiro de datas históricas. Editora Vozes, 2002. ISBN 853262698X.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Flores, Moacyr. Dicionário de história do Brasil. EDIPUCRS, 2004. ISBN 8574302090.
* Lopes, Nei. Enciclopédia brasileira da diáspora africana. Selo Negro Edições, 2004. ISBN 8587478214.
* Vainfas, Renaldo. Dicionário do Brasil colonial, 1500–1808. Objetiva, 2000. ISBN 8573023201.
* Vainfas, Renaldo. Dicionário do Brasil imperial, 1822–1889. Objetiva, 2002. ISBN 8573024410.

##### Chile

* Céspedes, Mario, & Lelia Garreaud. Gran diccionario de Chile: Biográfico-cultural. Importadora Alfa, 1988.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Kohut, David R., Olga Vilella, Beatric Julian. Historical dictionary of the "dirty wars". Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810848538.
* Vergara, Abraham Quezada. Diccionario de conceptos históricos y geográficos de Chile. RIL Editores, 2004. ISBN 9562843572.

###### Rapa Nui

* West, Barbara A. Encyclopedia of the peoples of Asia and Oceania. Facts On File, 2009. ISBN 9780816071098.

##### Colombia

* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Medellín, Jorge Alejandro, & Diana Fajardo Rivera. Diccionario de Colombia. Grupo Editorial Norma, 2005. ISBN 9580485615.
* Melo, Jorge Orlando, José Antonio Ocampo. Gran enciclopedia de Colombia: Temática. Círculo de Lectores, c1991–c1994. ISBN 9582802944.

##### Ecuador

* Albuja, Ana Maria Cadena. Este es mi país Ecuador: Enciclopedia temática-alfabética. Grupo Cultural, 2006. ISBN 9978322191.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Neto, Paulo de Carvalho. Diccionario del folklore ecuatoriano. Editorial Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 2001. ISBN 9789978622018.
* Noboa, Fernando Jurado. Diccionario histórico genealógico de apellidos y familias de origen quechua, aymara y araucano (Ecuador). Temístocles Hernández, 2002. ISBN 9978424075.
* Ponce, Javier. Enciclopedia Ecuador a su alcance. Espasa, 2004. ISBN 9978983244.

##### Falkland Islands

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### French Guiana

* Corzani, Jack. Dictionnaire encyclopedique Desormeaux. Editions Desormeuax, [1992–1993]. ISBN 2852750201.
* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Guyana

* Balkaran, Lal. Dictionary of the Guyanese Amerindians and other South American native terms: An A–Z guide to their anthropology, cosmology, culture, exploration, history, geography, legend, folklore and myth. LBA, 2002. ISBN 0969983387.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* National History & Arts Council. Dictionary of Guyanese folklore. National History & Arts Council, 1975.

##### Paraguay

* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.

##### Peru

* Brown, Fortunato. Todo el Perú 1996: Breve enciclopedia peruana. Ediciones Brown, 1996. OCLC 253829698.
* Enciclopedia tematica del Peru. El Comerio, 2004. ISBN 9972752003.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.

##### Suriname

* Friedrich, Conrad, Albert Bruijning, Jan Voorhoeve, M. Gordijn. Encyclopedie van Suriname. Elsevier, 1977. ISBN 9010018423.

##### Uruguay

* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Kohut, David R., Olga Vilella, Beatric Julian. Historical dictionary of the "dirty wars". Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810848538.

##### Venezuela

* Campos, Manuel Rodriguez, Sara Colmenares. Diccionario de historia de Venezuela. Fundacion Polar, 1997. ISBN 9806397371.
* Ezquerra, Jaime Alvar. Diccionario Espasa historia de España y América. Espasa, 2002. ISBN 8467003162.
* Gran enciclopedia de Venezuela. Globe, c1998–c2001. ISBN 9806427009.
* Sanz, Rodolfo. Diccionario para uso de chavistas, chavólogos y antichavistas. Editorial Nuevo Pensamiento Crítico, 2004. ISBN 9801206527.
* Strauss, Rafael A., Nelson Garrido. Diccionario de cultura popular. Fundación Bigott, [1999]. ISBN 9806428137.

### Antarctica

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Riffenburgh, Beau. Encyclopedia of the Antarctic. Routledge, 2007. ISBN 0415970245.

#### South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

### Asia

* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Ghazanfar, Shaikh M. Islamic civilization: History, contributions, and influence: A compendium of literature. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810852640.
* Shavit, David. United States in Asia: A Historical Dictionary. Greenwood, 1990.
* West, Barbara A. Encyclopedia of the peoples of Asia and Oceania. Facts On File, 2009. ISBN 9780816071098.

#### Central Asia

* Buell, Paul D. Historical dictionary of the Mongol world empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810845717.
* Dani, Ahmad Hasan, V. M. Masson, UNESCO. History of civilizations of Central Asia. UNESCO, 1992–.
* East Asian Curriculum Project, Columbia University. The Mongols in world history. East Asian Curriculum Project. Available online here.
* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Levinson, David Karen Christensen. Encyclopedia of modern Asia. Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002. ISBN 0684806177.
* Rhyne, George N., Edward J. Lazzerini, Bruce Friend Adams. The supplement to the modern encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet and Eurasian history. Academic International Press, 1995–. ISBN 0875691420.
* Somel, Selçuk Akşin. Historical dictionary of the Ottoman Empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810843323.

##### Kazakhstan

* Hanks, Reuel R. Central Asia: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2005. ISBN 1851096566.

##### Kyrgyzstan

* Abazov, Rafis. Historical dictionary of Kyrgyzstan. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810848686.
* Hanks, Reuel R. Central Asia: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2005. ISBN 1851096566.

##### Tajikistan

* Abdullaev, Kamoludin, Shahram Akbarzadeh. Historical dictionary of Tajikistan. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810841843.

##### Turkmenistan

* Abazov, Rafis. Historical dictionary of Turkmenistan. Scarecrow Press, 2005. ISBN 0810853620.

##### Uzbekistan

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Hanks, Reuel R. Central Asia: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2005. ISBN 1851096566.

#### East Asia

* Levinson, David Karen Christensen. Encyclopedia of modern Asia. Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002. ISBN 0684806177.
* Matray, James Irving. East Asia and the United States: An encyclopedia of relations since 1784. Greenwood Press, 2002. ISBN 0313305579.

##### China

* Buell, Paul D. Historical dictionary of the Mongol world empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810845717.
* Cheng, Linsun, Kerry Brown. Berkshire encyclopedia of China: Modern and historic views of the world's newest and oldest global power. Berkshire, 2009. ISBN 9780977015948.
* Darvis, Edward Lawrence. Encyclopedia of contemporary Chinese culture. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 0415241294.
* East Asian Curriculum Project, Columbia University. The Mongols in world history. East Asian Curriculum Project. Available online here.
* Gao, James Zheng. Historical dictionary of modern China (1800-1949). Scarecrow Press, 2009. ISBN 9780810849303.
* Guo, Jian, Yongyi Song, Yuan Zhou. Historical dictionary of the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810854619.
* Historical Dictionary of Revolutionary China, 1839-1976, Greenwood, 1992.
* James, C. V., Chung-kuo she hui kʻo hsüeh yüan; Chung-kuo she hui kʻo hsüeh chʻu pan she. Information China: The comprehensive and authoritative reference source of new China. Pergamon Press, 1989. ISBN 0080347649.
* LaFleur, Robert André. China: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576072843.
* Leese, Daniel. Brill's encyclopedia of China. Brill, 2009. ISBN 9789004168633.
* Leung, Pak-Wah. Historical dictionary of revolutionary China, 1839–1976. Greenwood Press, 1992. ISBN 0313264570.
* Lieberthal, Kenneth, Bruce J. Dickson. A research guide to central party and government meetings in China, 1949–1986. M.E. Sharpe, 1989. ISBN 0873324927.
* Lin, Chun, Hans Hendrischke. The territories of the People's Republic of China. Routledge, 2006. ISBN 1857433955.
* Luo, Jing, Aimin Chen, Shunfeng Song. China today: An encyclopedia of life in the People's Republic. Greenwood Press, 2005. ISBN 0313321701.
* Michaud, Jean. Historical dictionary of the peoples of the Southeast Asian massif. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 081085466X.
* Olson, James Stuart. An ethnohistorical dictionary of China. Greenwood Press, 1998. ISBN 0313288534.
* O'Neill, Hugh. Companion to Chinese History. Facts on File, 1987.
* Pong, David. Encyclopedia of modern China. Charles Scribner's Sons/Gale, Cengage Learning, c2009. ISBN 9780684315669.
* Sullivan, Lawrence R. Historical dictionary of the People's Republic of China. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5380-5.
* Sullivan, Lawrence R., Nancy R. Hearst. Historical dictionary of the People's Republic of China, 1949–1997. Scarecrow Press, 1997. ISBN 0810833492.
* Sutter, Robert G. Historical dictionary of Chinese foreign policy. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810868601.
* Tiedemann, R. G. Reference guide to Christian missionary societies in China: From the sixteenth to the twentieth century. M.E. Sharpe, 2009. ISBN 9780765618085.
* Wang, Ke-Wen. Modern China: An encyclopedia of history, culture, and nationalism. Garland Publishing, 1998. ISBN 0815307209.
* Wortzel, Larry M., Robin D. S. Higham. Dictionary of contemporary Chinese military history. Greenwood Press, 1999. ISBN 0313293376.
* Xiong, Victor Cunrui. Historical dictionary of medieval China. Scarecrow Press, 2009. ISBN 9780810860537.

###### Hong Kong

* Chan, Ming K., Shiu-Hing Lo. Historical dictionary of the Hong Kong SAR and the Macao SAR. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810850613.
* Roberts, Elfed Vaughan, Ngai-Ling Sum, Peter Bradshaw. Historical dictionary of Hong Kong and Macau. Scarecrow Press, 1992. ISBN 0810825740.
* Sutter, Robert G. Historical dictionary of Chinese foreign policy. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810868601.

###### Macau

* Chan, Ming K., Shiu-Hing Lo. Historical dictionary of the Hong Kong SAR and the Macao SAR. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810850613.
* Roberts, Elfed Vaughan, Ngai-Ling Sum, Peter Bradshaw. Historical dictionary of Hong Kong and Macau. Scarecrow Press, 1992. ISBN 0810825740.

##### Japan

* Bowring, Richard John, Peter F. Kornicki. The Cambridge encyclopedia of Japan. Cambridge University Press, 1993. ISBN 0521403529.
* Ellington, Lucien. Japan: A global studies handbook. ABC CLIO, 2002. ISBN 1576072711.
* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Hoover, William D. Historical dictionary of postwar Japan. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810854604.
* Huffman, James L. Modern Japan: An encyclopedia of history, culture, and nationalism. Garland Publishing, 1998.
* Hunter, Janet. Concise Dictionary of Modern Japanese History. University of California Press, 1984.
* Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. Kodansha, 2002. Available online here Archived 2010-06-09 at the Wayback Machine.
* Kokushi Daijiten Henshū Iinkai. Kokushi Daijiten. Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 1979–1997. ISBN 4642005013(v.1).
* Perez, Louis G. Japan at war: an encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2013. ISBN 9781598847413.
* Stockwin, J. A. A. Dictionary of the modern politics of Japan. Routledge Curzon, 2003. ISBN 0415151708.
* Van Sant, John E., Peter Mauch, Yoneyuki Sugita. Historical dictionary of United States–Japan relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5608-0.

##### North Korea

* Connor, Mary E. The Koreas: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2002. ISBN 1576072770.
* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Kim, Ilpyong J. Historical dictionary of North Korea. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810843315.
* Pratt, Keith L., Richard Rutt, James Hoare. Korea: A historical and cultural dictionary. Curzon Press, 1999. ISBN 0700704647; ISBN 0700704639 (pbk.)
* Yŏnhap Tʻongsin. North Korea handbook. M.E. Sharpe, 2002. ISBN 0765610043.

###### Korean War

* Lentz, Robert J. Korean War filmography: 91 English language features through 2000. McFarland, 2003. ISBN 0786410469.
* Matray, James. Historical Dictionary of the Korean War. Greenwood, 1991.
* Summers, Harry G. Korean War Almanac. Facts on File, 1990.
* Spencer Tucker, Paul G. Pierpaoli, Jinwung Kim, Xiaobing Li, James Irving Matray. The encyclopedia of the Korean War: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2010. ISBN 9781851098491.

##### South Korea

* Connor, Mary E. The Koreas: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2002. ISBN 1576072770.
* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Nahm, Andrew C., James Hoare. Historical dictionary of the Republic of Korea. Scarecrow Press, 2004.
* Pratt, Keith L., Richard Rutt, James Hoare. Korea: A historical and cultural dictionary. Curzon Press, 1999. ISBN 0700704647; ISBN 0700704639 (pbk.)

###### Korean War

* Lentz, Robert J. Korean War filmography: 91 English language features through 2000. McFarland, 2003. ISBN 0786410469.
* Matray, James. Historical Dictionary of the Korean War. Greenwood, 1991.
* Summers, Harry G. Korean War Almanac. Facts on File, 1990.
* Spencer Tucker, Paul G. Pierpaoli, Jinwung Kim, Xiaobing Li, James Irving Matray. The encyclopedia of the Korean War: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2010. ISBN 9781851098491.

##### Mongolia

* Atwood, Christopher Pratt. Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol empire. Facts On File, 2004. ISBN 0816046719.
* Sanders, Alan J. K. Historical dictionary of Mongolia. Scarecrow Press, 2010. ISBN 9780810861916.

##### Taiwan

* Cooper, John Franklin. Historical dictionary of Taiwan (Republic of China). Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5600-4.
* Lin, Chun, Hans Hendrischke. The territories of the People's Republic of China. Routledge, 2006. ISBN 1857433955.
* Olson, James Stuart. An ethnohistorical dictionary of China. Greenwood Press, 1998. ISBN 0313288534.
* Sutter, Robert G. Historical dictionary of Chinese foreign policy. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810868601.

#### Middle East

* Buell, Paul D. Historical dictionary of the Mongol world empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810845717.
* East Asian Curriculum Project, Columbia University. The Mongols in world history. East Asian Curriculum Project. Available online here.
* Hahn, Peter L. Historical dictionary of United States–Middle East relations. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5549-6.
* Hiro, Dilip. The essential Middle East: A comprehensive guide. Carroll & Graf, 2003. ISBN 0786712694.
* International encyclopaedia for the Middle Ages (IEMA): A supplement to LexMA-online. Brepols. Available online here.
* Lexikon des Mittelalters online (LexMA). Brepols. Available online here. (German).
* Mattar, Philip. Encyclopedia of the modern Middle East and North Africa. Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. ISBN 0028657691.
* Shavit, David. United States in Asia: A Historical Dictionary. Greenwood, 1990. ISBN 0313253412.
* Talhami, Ghada Hashem. Historical dictionary of women in the Middle East and North Africa. Scarecrow Press, 2013. ISBN 9780810868588.

##### Byzantium

* Kazhdan, Alexander B. The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford University Press, 1991. ISBN 014051323X.

#### Russia

* A. I. Podberezkin Dukhovnoe nasledie. Rossiia—2000: Sovremennaia politicheskaia istoriia (1985–1999 gody). Vserossiiskoe obshchestvenno-politicheskoe dvizhenie v podderzhku otechestvennoi nauki, kultury, obrazovaniia, zdravookhraneniia i predprinimatel'stva "Dukhovnoe nasledie": RAU-Korporatsiia, 2000. ISBN 586014122X.
* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Blackwell Encyclopedia of the Russian Revolution. Blackwell, 1988.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Jackson, George D., Robert James Devlin. Dictionary of the Russian Revolution. Greenwood Press, 1989. ISBN 0313211310.
* Langer, Lawrence N. Historical dictionary of medieval Russia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810840804.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.
* Paxton, John. Encyclopedia of Russian History: From the Christianization of Kiev to the Breakup of the USSR. ABC-Clio, 1993.
* Rhyne, George N., Edward J. Lazzerini, Bruce Friend Adams. The supplement to the modern encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet and Eurasian history. Academic International Press, 1995–. ISBN 0875691420.
* Shmidt, S. O., M. I. Andreev, V. M. Karev. Moskva: Entsiklopediia. Bol'shaia Rossiiskaia entsiklopediia, 1998. ISBN 5852702773.

##### Soviet Union

* Sovet Narodnykh Komissarov SSSR, Sovet Ministrov SSSR, Kabinet Ministrov SSSR, 1923–1991: Entsiklopedicheskii spravochnik. Izd-vo obʺedineniia "Mosgorarkhiv", 1999. ISBN 5722800686.

#### South Asia

* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Levinson, David Karen Christensen. Encyclopedia of modern Asia. Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002. ISBN 0684806177.

##### Afghanistan

* Adamec, Ludwig W. Historical dictionary of Afghan wars, revolutions, and insurgencies. Scarecrow Press, 2005. ISBN 0810849488.
* Adamec, Ludwig W. Historical dictionary of Afghanistan. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 081084852X.
* Clements, Frank A. Conflict in Afghanistan: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1851094024.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.

##### Bangladesh

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Rahman, Syedur, Craig Baxter. Historical dictionary of Bangladesh. Scarecrow Press, 2010. ISBN 9780810867666.
* Wolpert, Stanley A. Encyclopedia of India. Charles Scribner's Sons, Thomson Gale, 2006. ISBN 0684313499.

##### British Indian Ocean Territory

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### India

* Battacherje, S. B. Encyclopaedia of Indian events and dates. New Dawn Press, 2006. ISBN 193270549X.
* Bhattacharyya, Narendra Nath. The Geographical dictionary: Ancient and early medieval India. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1991. ISBN 8121500788.
* Blackwell, Frita. India: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2004. ISBN 1576073483.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Ghosh, A. An Encyclopedia of Indian Archaeology. Munshiram Manoharlal, 1989.
* Kapoor, Subodh. The Indian encyclopaedia: Biographical, historical, religious, administrative, ethnological, commercial and scientific. Cosmo Publications, 2002. ISBN 8177552570.
* Khan, Iqtidar Alam. Historical dictionary of medieval India. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5503-8.
* Mansighn, Surjit. Historical dictionary of India. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810847701.
* Mehra, Parshotam. Dictionary of Modern Indian History, 1707-1947. Oxford University Press, 1985.
* Olson, James Stuart. An ethnohistorical dictionary of China. Greenwood Press, 1998. ISBN 0313288534.
* Roy, Kumkum. Historical dictionary of ancient India. Scarecrow Press, 2009. ISBN 9780810853669.
* Wolpert, Stanley A. Encyclopedia of India. Charles Scribner's Sons, Thomson Gale, 2006. ISBN 0684313499.

##### Maldives

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Nepal

* Shrestha, Nanda R., Keshav Bhattarai. Historical dictionary of Nepal. Oxford: Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810847973.
* Wolpert, Stanley A. Encyclopedia of India. Charles Scribner's Sons, Thomson Gale, 2006. ISBN 0684313499.

##### Pakistan

* Burki, Shahid Javed. Historical dictionary of Pakistan. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 9780810856011.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Wolpert, Stanley A. Encyclopedia of India. Charles Scribner's Sons, Thomson Gale, 2006. ISBN 0684313499.

##### Sri Lanka

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Gunawardena, C. A. Encyclopedia of Sri Lanka. New Dawn Press, 2006. ISBN 1932705481.
* Samarasinghe, S. W. R. de A., Vidyamali Samarasinghe. Historical dictionary of Sri Lanka. Scarecrow Press, 1998. ISBN 0810832801.
* Wolpert, Stanley A. Encyclopedia of India. Charles Scribner's Sons, Thomson Gale, 2006. ISBN 0684313499.

#### Southeast Asia

* Dalby, Andrew. South East Asia: A guide to reference material. Hans Zell Publishers, 1993. ISBN 1873836007.
* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Levinson, David Karen Christensen. Encyclopedia of modern Asia. Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002. ISBN 0684806177.
* Miksic, John N. Historical dictionary of ancient Southeast Asia. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 0810855224.
* Oni, Keat Gin. Southeast Asia: A historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor. ABC-CLIO, 2004. ISBN 1576077705.
* Weatherbee, Donald E. Historical dictionary of United States–Southeast Asia relations. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5542-7.

##### Brunei

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Sidhu, Jatswan S., Ranjit Singh. Historical dictionary of Brunei Darussalam. Scarecrow Press, 2010. ISBN 9780810859807.

##### Cambodia

* Corfield, Justin J., Laura Summers. Historical dictionary of Cambodia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810845245.
* Michaud, Jean. Historical dictionary of the peoples of the Southeast Asian massif. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 081085466X.

##### East Timor

* Gunn, Geoffrey C. Historical dictionary of East Timor. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810867543.

##### Indonesia

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Cribb, R. B. Historical dictionary of Indonesia. Scarecrow Press, 1992. ISBN 0810825422.
* Lamoureux, Florence. Indonesia: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576079139.
* Post, Peter, William H. Frederick, Iris Heidebrink, Shigeru Satō, William Bradley Horton, Didi Kwartanada, Nederlands Instituut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie. The encyclopedia of Indonesia in the Pacific War. Brill, 2010. ISBN 9789004168664.

##### Laos

* Michaud, Jean. Historical dictionary of the peoples of the Southeast Asian massif. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 081085466X.
* Stuart-Fox, Martin. Historical dictionary of Laos. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5624-0.

##### Malaysia

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Ooi, Keat Gin. Historical dictionary of Malaysia. Scarecrow Press, 2009. ISBN 9780810859555.

##### Myanmar

* Michaud, Jean. Historical dictionary of the peoples of the Southeast Asian massif. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 081085466X.
* Seekins, Donald M. Historical dictionary of Burma (Myanmar). Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 9780810854765.

##### Philippines

* Guillermo, Artemio R., May Kyi Win. Historical dictionary of the Philippines. Scarecrow Press, 2005. ISBN 0810854902.
* Senate of the Philippines. Senate of the Philippines. Available online here.
* Tucker, Spencer D., James Arnold, Roberta Wiener, Paul G. Pierpaoli, Jack McCallum, Justin D. Murphy. The encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American wars: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2009. ISBN 9781851099511.
* Woods, Damon L. The Philippines: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2006. ISBN 1851096752.

##### Singapore

* Corfield, Justin J., Robin Corfield. Encyclopedia of Singapore. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853477.
* Corfield, Justin J., K. Mulliner. Historical dictionary of Singapore. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810871847.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Thailand

* Michaud, Jean. Historical dictionary of the peoples of the Southeast Asian massif. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 081085466X.
* Smith, Harold E., Gayla S. Nieminen, May Kyi Win. Historical dictionary of Thailand. Scarecrow Press, 2005. ISBN 0810853965.

##### Vietnam

* Lockhart, Bruce McFarland, William J. Duiker. Historical dictionary of Vietnam. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810850532.
* Michaud, Jean. Historical dictionary of the peoples of the Southeast Asian massif. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 081085466X.
* Woods, L. Shelton. Vietnam: A global studies handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2002. ISBN 1576074161.

###### Vietnam War

* Anderson, David L. The Columbia guide to the Vietnam War. Columbia University Press, 2002. ISBN 0231114923.
* Frankum, Ronald Bruce. Historical dictionary of the war in Vietnam. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810867963.
* Kutler, Stanley. Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War. Simon & Schuster, 1994.
* Olson, James S. Dictionary of the Vietnam War. Greenwood, 1988.
* Summers, Harry. Vietnam War Almanac. Facts on File, 1985.
* Tucker, Spencer C, Paul G. Pierpaoli, Jr., Merle L. Pribbenow II, James H. Willbanks, David T. Zabecki. The encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2011. ISBN 9781851099603.

#### Western Asia

* Clements, Frank. Historical dictionary of Arab and Islamic organizations. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 0810839776.
* Dumper, Michael, Bruce E. Stanley, Janet L. Abu-Lughod. Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 1576079198.
* ETANA: Electronic tools and ancient Near Eastern archives. Available online here.
* Kumaraswamy, P. R. Historical dictionary of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853434.
* Mawṣililī, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810836092.
* Meyers, Eric M., American Schools of Oriental Research. The Oxford encyclopedia of archaeology in the Near East. Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0195065123.
* Somel, Selçuk Akşin. Historical dictionary of the Ottoman Empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810843323.
* Who's who in the Arab world. Publitec Editions, 1966–. ISSN 0083-9752.

##### Armenia

* Adalian, Rouben Paul. Historical dictionary of Armenia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810843374.
* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.

##### Bahrain

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Peck, Malcolm C. Historical dictionary of the Gulf Arab states. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 9780810854.

##### Iran

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Embree, Ainslie Thomas, Asia Society. Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner; Collier Macmillan, 1988. ISBN 0684186195.
* Gunter, Michael M. Historical dictionary of the Kurds. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810848708.
* Leick, Gwendolyn. Historical dictionary of Mesopotamia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810846497.
* Lorentz, John H. Historical dictionary of Iran. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5330-0.
* Mawṣililī, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810836092.
* Yar-Shater, Ehsan. Encyclopaedia Iranica. Columbia University Center for Iranian Studies, 2002. Available online here.

##### Iraq

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Ghareeb, Edmund, Beth Dougherty. Historical dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810843307.
* Gunter, Michael M. Historical dictionary of the Kurds. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810848708.
* Leick, Gwendolyn. Historical dictionary of Mesopotamia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810846497.

##### Israel

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Edelheit, Hershel, Abraham J. Edelheit. History of Zionism: A handbook and dictionary. Westview, [2000]. ISBN 0813329817.
* Kumaraswamy, P. R. Historical dictionary of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853434.
* Medoff, Rafael, Chaim Isaac Waxman. Historical dictionary of Zionism. Scarecrow Press, 2000. ISBN 0810837730.
* Reich, Bernard. Historical Dictionary of Israel. Scarecrow Press, 1992.
* Reich, Bernard, David Howard Goldberg, Historical dictionary of Israel. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5541-0.
* Wigoder, Geoffrey. New encyclopedia of Zionism and Israel. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press; Associated University Presses, 1994. ISBN 0838634338.

##### Jordan

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.

##### Kuwait

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Leick, Gwendolyn. Historical dictionary of Mesopotamia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810846497.
* Peck, Malcolm C. Historical dictionary of the Gulf Arab states. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 9780810854.

##### Lebanon

* AbuKhalil, Asʻad. Historical dictionary of Lebanon. Scarecrow Press, 1998. ISBN 0810833956.
* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.

##### Oman

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Peck, Malcolm C. Historical dictionary of the Gulf Arab states. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 9780810854.

##### Palestine

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Kumaraswamy, P. R. Historical dictionary of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853434.
* Mattar, Philip. Encyclopedia of the Palestinians. Facts on File, 2005. ISBN 0816057648.
* Nazzal, Nafez, Laila A. Nazzal. Historical dictionary of Palestine. Scarecrow Press, 1997. ISBN 0810832399.

##### Qatar

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Peck, Malcolm C. Historical dictionary of the Gulf Arab states. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 9780810854.

##### Saudi Arabia

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Peterson, John. Historical dictionary of Saudi Arabia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810846772.

##### Syria

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Commins, David Dean. Historical dictionary of Syria. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810849348.
* Gunter, Michael M. Historical dictionary of the Kurds. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810848708.
* Leick, Gwendolyn. Historical dictionary of Mesopotamia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810846497.

##### United Arab Emirates

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Peck, Malcolm C. Historical dictionary of the Gulf Arab states. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 9780810854.

##### Yemen

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Burrowes, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Yemen. Scarecrow Press, 1995. ISBN 0810829878.

### Atlantic Ocean
#### Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

### Europe

* Cook, Chris, Philip Broadhead. The Routledge companion to early modern Europe, 1453–1763. Routledge, 2006. ISBN 9780415409575.
* International encyclopaedia for the Middle Ages (IEMA): A supplement to LexMA-online. Brepols. Available online here.
* Koch, John T., Antone Minard. The Celts: history, life, and culture. ABC-CLIO, 2012. ISBN 9781598849646.
* Lexikon des Mittelalters online (LexMA). Brepols. Available online here. (German).
* Merriman, John M., J. M. Winter. Europe since 1914: Encyclopedia of the age of war and reconstruction. Charles Scribner's Sons/Thomson Gale, 2006. ISBN 0684313650.
* Olsen, James S. Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism. Greenwood, 1991.
* Roy, Joacquin, Aimee Kanner. Historical dictionary of the European Union. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 0810853140.
* Spector, Shmuel, Geoffrey Wigoder. The encyclopedia of Jewish life before and during the Holocaust. Yad Vashem; New York University Press, 2001. ISBN 0814793568.

#### Central Europe

* Webb, Adrian. The longman companion to Central and Eastern Europe since 1919. Longman, 2002. ISBN 0582437326.

##### Germany

* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.
* Sandford, John. Encyclopedia of contemporary German culture. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0415124484.

##### Italy

* Coppa, Frank J. Dictionary of modern Italian history. Greenwood Press, 1985. ISBN 031322983X.

##### Liechtenstein

* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.

##### Switzerland

* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.
* Sandford, John. Encyclopedia of contemporary German culture. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0415124484.
* Schelbert, Leo. Historical dictionary of Switzerland. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-4931-0.

#### Eastern Europe

* Spector, Shmuel, Geoffrey Wigoder. The encyclopedia of Jewish life before and during the Holocaust. Yad Vashem; New York University Press, 2001. ISBN 0814793568.
* Webb, Adrian. The longman companion to Central and Eastern Europe since 1919. Longman, 2002. ISBN 0582437326.

##### Azerbaijan

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Swietochowski, Tadeusz, Brian C. Collins. Historical dictionary of Azerbaijan. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810835509.

##### Baltic states
###### Estonia

* Miljan, Toivo. Historical dictionary of Estonia. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810849046.

###### Lithuania
##### Belarus
##### Croatia

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Šuster, Željan. Historical dictionary of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810834669.

##### Czech Republic

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Hochman, Jiri. Historical dictionary of the Czech State. Scarecrow Press, 1998. ISBN 0810833387.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.

##### Georgia

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Mikaberidze, Alexander. Historical dictionary of Georgia. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5580-9.

##### Hungary

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.

##### Poland

* Dzieęgielewski, Jan. Encyklopedia historii Polski: Dzieje polityczne. Morex: Egross, 1994–1995. ISBN 839025221X.
* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Gorzdecka-Sanford, Adriana. Historical dictionary of Warsaw. Scarecrow Press, 1997. ISBN 0810832992.

##### Romania

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.

##### Russia

* Blackwell Encyclopedia of the Russian Revolution. Blackwell, 1988.
* Jackson, George & Robert Devlin. Dictionary of the Russian Revolution. Greenwood, 1989.
* Paxton, John. Encyclopedia of Russian History: From the Christianization of Kiev to the Breakup of the USSR. ABC-Clio, 1993.

##### Slovakia

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.

##### Slovenia

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Šuster, Željan. Historical dictionary of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810834669.

##### Southeast Europe

* Somel, Selçuk Akşin. Historical dictionary of the Ottoman Empire. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810843323.

###### Albania

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.

###### Bosnia and Herzegovina

* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Šuster, Željan. Historical dictionary of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810834669.

###### Bulgaria

* Detrez, Raymond. Historical dictionary of Bulgaria. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 978-0-8108-4901-3.
* Kumanov, Milen, Kolinka Isova. Istoricheska entsiklopediia Bulgariia. Trud, 2003. ISBN 9545282029.
* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.

###### Cyprus

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

###### Macedonia

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Kiselinovski, Stojan, Institut za nacionalna istorija (Skopje, Macedonia). Makedonski istoriski recnik. Institut za nacionalna istorija, 2000. ISBN 9989624461.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Šuster, Željan. Historical dictionary of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810834669.

###### Montenegro

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Šuster, Željan. Historical dictionary of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810834669.

###### Serbia

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Šuster, Željan. Historical dictionary of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810834669.

###### Turkey

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Coughlin, Kathryn M. Muslim cultures today: A reference guide. Greenwood Press, 2006. ISBN 0313323860.
* Gunter, Michael M. Historical dictionary of the Kurds. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810848708.
* Heper, Metin. Historical dictionary of Turkey. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810841339.
* Leick, Gwendolyn. Historical dictionary of Mesopotamia. Scarecrow Press, 2003. ISBN 0810846497.
* Mawṣililī, Ahmad. Historical dictionary of Islamic fundamentalist movements in the Arab world, Iran, and Turkey. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810836092.
* Sauer, Jutta. Türkisches biographisches archiv (TBA). K. G. Saur, 1999–2002. ISBN 3598342845.

##### Ukraine
#### Northern Europe
##### Finland

* Alho, Olli, Hildi Hawkins, Päivi Vallisaari Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. Finland, a cultural encyclopedia. Finnish Literature Society, 1997. ISBN 9517178859.
* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.
* Pulsiano, Phillip, Kirsten Wolf, Paul Acker. Medieval Scandinavia: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1993. ISBN 0824047877.

##### Iceland

* Hálfdanarson, Guðmundur. Historical dictionary of Iceland. Scarecrow Press, 1997. ISBN 0810833522.
* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.
* Pulsiano, Phillip, Kirsten Wolf, Paul Acker. Medieval Scandinavia: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1993. ISBN 0824047877.

##### Ireland

* Ciment, James, Thaddeus Russell. The home front encyclopedia: United States, Britain, and Canada in World Wars I and II. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 978-1-57607-849-5.
* Donnelly, James S., Jr., Karl S. Bottigheimer. Encyclopedia of Irish history and culture. Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. ISBN 0028659023.
* Haigh, Christopher. The Cambridge Historical Encyclopedia of Great Britain and Ireland. Cambridge University Press, 1985.
* Jenkins, Ellen J. Eighteenth-Century British Historians. Thomson Gale, 2007. ISBN 9780787681548.
* Lalor, Brian, Frank McCourt. The encyclopedia of Ireland. Yale University Press, 2003. ISBN 0300094426.

##### Scandinavia

* Nordstrom, Byron J. Dictionary of Scandinavian History. Greenwood, 1986.
* Pulsiano, Phillip, Kirsten Wolf, Paul Acker. Medieval Scandinavia: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1993. ISBN 0824047877.

###### Denmark

* Pulsiano, Phillip, Kirsten Wolf, Paul Acker. Medieval Scandinavia: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1993. ISBN 0824047877.

###### Norway

* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.
* Pulsiano, Phillip, Kirsten Wolf, Paul Acker. Medieval Scandinavia: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1993. ISBN 0824047877.
* Sjåvik, Jan. Historical dictionary of Norway. Scarecrow Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8108-5753-7.

###### Sweden

* Hayes, Derek. Historical atlas of the Arctic. Douglas and McIntyre; University of Washington Press, 2003. ISBN 1553650042.
* Holland, Clive. Arctic exploration and development, c. 500 B.C. to 1915: An encyclopedia. Garland Publ., 1994. ISBN 0824076486.
* Mills, William J. Exploring polar frontiers: A historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO, 2003. ISBN 1576074226.
* Nuttall, Mark. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 1579584365.
* Pulsiano, Phillip, Kirsten Wolf, Paul Acker. Medieval Scandinavia: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1993. ISBN 0824047877.
* Scobbie, Irene. Historical dictionary of Sweden. Scarecrow Press, 2006. ISBN 9780810853751.

##### United Kingdom

* Alexander, Marc. A companion to the royal heritage of Britain. Sutton, 2005. ISBN 0750932686; ISBN 9780750932684.
* Cannon, John Ashton. The Oxford companion to British history. Oxford University Press, 2002.
* Ciment, James, Thaddeus Russell. The home front encyclopedia: United States, Britain, and Canada in World Wars I and II. ABC-CLIO, 2007. ISBN 978-1-57607-849-5.
* Cook, Chris. The Routledge companion to Britain in the nineteenth century, 1815–1914. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 0415359694.
* Cook, Chris, John Stevenson. The Longman companion to Britain since 1945. Longman, 2000. ISBN 0582356741.
* Dabydeen, David, John Gilmore, Cecily Jones. The Oxford companion to Black British history. Oxford University Press, 2007. ISBN 9780192804396.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Haigh, Christopher. The Cambridge Historical Encyclopedia of Great Britain and Ireland. Cambridge University Press, 1985.
* Jenkins, Ellen J. Eighteenth-Century British Historians. Thomson Gale, 2007. ISBN 9780787681548.
* Newman, Gerald, Leslie Ellen Brown. Britain in the Hanoverian age, 1714–1837: An encyclopedia. Garland Publishing, 1997. ISBN 0815303963.
* Richardson, John, Brian Christmas. The local historian's encyclopedia. Historical Publications, 2003. ISBN 0948667834.
* Wagner, J. A. Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses. ABC-CLIO, 2001. ISBN 1851093583.

###### England

* Fritze, Ronald H., William B. Robison. Historical dictionary of late medieval England, 1272–1485. Greenwood Press, c2002. ISBN 0313291241.
* Griffiths, Dennis. The encyclopedia of the British press, 1422–1992. St. Martin's Press, 1992. ISBN 0312086334.
* Kinney, Arthur F., David W. Swain, Eugene D. Hill. Tudor England: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001.
* Ollard, S. L., Gordon Crosse, Maurice Francis Bond. A dictionary of English church history. A.R. Mowbray; Morehouse-Gorham, [1948].
* Watts, V. E., John Insley, Margaret Gelling. The Cambridge dictionary of English place-names: Based on the collections of the English Place-Name Society. Cambridge University Press, 2004. ISBN 0521362091.

###### Northern Ireland

* Donnelly, James S., Jr., Karl S. Bottigheimer. Encyclopedia of Irish history and culture. Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. ISBN 0028659023.
* Lalor, Brian, Frank McCourt. The encyclopedia of Ireland. Yale University Press, 2003. ISBN 0300094426.

###### Scotland

* Donnachie, Ian, George Hewitt. Collins dictionary of Scottish history. HarperCollins, 2001. ISBN 0007121857.
* Mullay, Sandy. The Edinburgh Encyclopedia. Mainstream, 1996.

#### Southern Europe
##### Southcentral Europe
###### Italy

* Cancik, Hubert, Helmuth Schneider, Christine F. Salazar, David E. Orton. Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the ancient world. Brill, 2002–. ISBN 9004122591.
* Dall'Acqua, Marzio. Enciclopedia di Parma: Dalle origini ai giorni nostri. F.M. Ricci, 1998. ISBN 8821609448.
* Grant, Michael and Rachel Kitzinger. Civilization of the Ancient Mediterranean: Greece and Rome. Scribner's, 1988.
* Historical Dictionary of Fascist Italy. Greenwood, 1982.
* Nash, Ernest, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. Pictorial dictionary of ancient Rome. Thames and Hudson, 1968.
* Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford University Press, 1970.
* Sandys, John Edwin. A companion to Latin studies. University Press, 1929 [1921].
* Sarti, Roland. Italy: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2004. ISBN 0816045224.
* Secchia, Pietro, Enzo Nizza. Enciclopedia dell'antifascismo e della Resistenza. La Pietra [Walk Over], 1968–1989.
* Speake, Graham. Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic tradition. Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000.

###### Vatican City
##### Southeastern Europe
###### Cyprus

* Bienkowski, Piotr, A. R. Millard. Dictionary of the ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. ISBN 0812235576.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Panteli, Stavros. Historical dictionary of Cyprus. Scarecrow Press, 1994. ISBN 0810829126.

###### Greece

* Cancik, Hubert, Helmuth Schneider, Christine F. Salazar, David E. Orton. Brill's New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the ancient world. Brill, 2002–. ISBN 9004122591.
* Grant, Michael and Rachel Kitzinger. Civilization of the Ancient Mediterranean: Greece and Rome. Scribner's, 1988.
* Hazel, John. Who's who in the Greek world. Routledge, 2000. ISBN 0415124972.
* Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford University Press, 1970.
* Speake, Graham. Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic tradition. Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000.
* Traulos, Iōannēs N., Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. Pictorial dictionary of ancient Athens. Thames and Hudson, 1971. ISBN 0500050120.
* Whibley, Leonard. A companion to Greek studies. The University Press, 1931.

###### Kosovo

* Frucht, Richard C. Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the fall of communism. Garland Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0815300921.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Šuster, Željan. Historical dictionary of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Scarecrow Press, 1999. ISBN 0810834669.

###### Malta

* Berg, Warren G. Historical dictionary of Malta. Scarecrow Press, 1995. ISBN 0810830183.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

###### Slovenia
##### Southwestern Europe

* Gerli, E. Michael, Samuel G. Armistead. Medieval Iberia: An encyclopedia. Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0415939186.

###### Gibraltar

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

###### Portugal

* Santana, Francisco, Eduardo Sucena. Dicionário da história de Lisboa. C. Quintas, 1994. ISBN 9729603006.
* Serrão, Joel. Dicionário de história de Portugal. Iniciativas Editoriais, [1975–].

###### Spain

* Beede, Benjamin R. The War of 1898 and U.S. interventions, 1898–1934: An encyclopedia. Garland, 1994. ISBN 0824056248.
* Cortada, James W. Historical dictionary of the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939. Greenwood Press, 1982. ISBN 0313220549.
* Historical Dictionary of Modern Spain, 1700-1988. Greenwood, 1990.
* Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Empire, 1402-1975. Greenwood, 1991.
* Rodgers, E. J., Valerie Rodgers. Encyclopedia of contemporary Spanish culture. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0415131871.
* Tucker, Spencer D., James Arnold, Roberta Wiener, Paul G. Pierpaoli, Jack McCallum, Justin D. Murphy. The encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American wars: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2009. ISBN 9781851099511.

#### Western Europe
##### Austria

* Austria from A to Z. Graz Technical University. Available online here.
* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.
* Roman, Eric. Austria-Hungary and the successor states: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2003. ISBN 0816045372.
* Sandford, John. Encyclopedia of contemporary German culture. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0415124484.

##### Belgium

* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.
* State, Paul F. Historical dictionary of Brussels. Scarecrow Press, 2004. ISBN 0810850753.

##### France

* Antony, Bernard. Dictionnaire de la réplique. Godefroy de Bouillon, [2004].
* Fremont-Barnes, Gregory. The encyclopedia of the French revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars: A political, social, and military history. ABC-CLIO, 2006. ISBN 1851096469; ISBN 978-1-85109-646-6.
* Furet, François and Mona Ozouf. A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution. Harvard University Press, 1989.
* Historical Dictionary of France from the 1815 Restoration to the Second Empire. Greenwood, 1987.
* Historical Dictionary of Napoleonic France, 1799-1815. Greenwood, 1985.
* Historical Dictionary of the French Second Empire, 1852-1879. Greenwood, 1985.
* Historical Dictionary of the Third French Republic, 1870-1940. Greenwood, 1986.
* Historical Dictionary of the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Republics, 1946-1991. Greenwood, 1992.
* Jouanna, Arlette. Histoire et dictionnaire des guerres de religion. R. Laffont, 1998. ISBN 2221074254.
* Northcutt, Wayne. Historical dictionary of the French Fourth and Fifth Republics, 1946–1991. Greenwood Press, 1992. ISBN 0313263566.
* Paxton, John. Companion to the French Revolution. Facts on File, 1988.
* Pope, Stephen. Dictionary of the Napoleonic wars. Facts on File, 1999. ISBN 0816042438.
* Roberts, William J. France: A reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. Facts On File, 2004. ISBN 0816044732.
* Scott, Samuel F. and Barry Rothaus. Historical Dictionary of the French Revolution 1789-1799. Greenwood, 1985. ISBN 0313211418.
* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.
* Sirinelli, Jean-François, Daniel Couty. Dictionnaire de l'histoire de France. A. Colin, 1999. ISBN 2035050855.
* Suratteau, Jean-René, Francis Gendron, Jean Paul Bertaud. Dictionnaire historique de la Révolution française. Presses universitaires de France, 1989. ISBN 2130425224.

##### Germany

* Epstein, Eric Joseph, Philip Rosen, Henry R. Huttenbach. Dictionary of the Holocaust: Biography, geography, and terminology. Greenwood Press, 1997. ISBN 031330355X.
* Gutman, Israel. Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Macmillan, 1990.
* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.
* Sandford, John. Encyclopedia of contemporary German culture. Routledge, 1999. ISBN 0415124484.
* Taddey, Gerhard. Lexikon der deutschen Geschichte: Ereignisse, Institutionen, Personen: von den Anfängen bis zur Kapitulation 1945. Kröner, 1998. ISBN 3520813033; ISBN 9783520813039.
* Vincent, C. Paul, Harry Ritter. A historical dictionary of Germany's Weimar Republic, 1918–1933. Greenwood Press, 1997. ISBN 0313273766.
* Zentner, Christian and Friedemann Bedurftig. Encyclopedia of the Third Reich. Macmillan, 1991.

##### Luxembourg

* Barteau, Harry C. Historical dictionary of Luxembourg. Scarecrow Press, 1996. ISBN 0810831066.

##### Netherlands

* Jeep, John M. Medieval Germany: An encyclopedia. Garland, 2001. ISBN 0824076443.
* Koopmans, Joop W., A. H. Huussen. Historical dictionary of the Netherlands. Scarecrow Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8108-5627-1.

##### Switzerland
#### Byzantium

* Kazhdan, Alexander B. The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. Oxford University Press, 1991.

### Oceania

* Craig, Robert D., Frank P. King. Historical dictionary of Oceania. Greenwood Press, 1981. ISBN 0313210608.
* Lal, Brij V., Kate Fortune. The Pacific Islands: An encyclopedia. University of Hawai'i Press, 2000. ISBN 082482265X.
* West, Barbara A. Encyclopedia of the peoples of Asia and Oceania. Facts On File, 2009. ISBN 9780816071098.

#### Australia

* The Australian encyclopaedia. Australian Geographic Society, 1996. ISBN 1862760144.
* Bassett, Jan. Oxford Dictionary of Australian History. Oxford University Press, 1986.
* Docherty, James. Historical Dictionary of Australia. Scarecrow Press, 1993.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Gilbert, Alan D. Australians: A Historical Library. Cambridge University Press, 1988.

#### Melanesia
##### Fiji

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### New Caledonia

* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

##### Papua New Guinea

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Solomon Islands

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Vanuatu

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

#### Micronesia

* Wuerch, William L., Dirk Anthony Ballendorf. Historical dictionary of Guam and Micronesia. Scarecrow Press, 1994. ISBN 0810828588.

##### Guam

* Wuerch, William L., Dirk Anthony Ballendorf. Historical dictionary of Guam and Micronesia. Scarecrow Press, 1994. ISBN 0810828588.

##### Kiribati

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Nauru

* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Palau
#### Polynesia

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Historical Dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2011. ISBN 9780810867727.

##### Cook Islands

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.

##### Easter Island

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.

##### French Polynesia

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

###### Tahiti

* O'Reilly, Patrick, Raoul Teissier, J. Boullaire. Tahitiens: Répertoire biographique de la Polynésie française. Musée de l'homme, 1975. (French)

##### Hawaii

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.

##### New Zealand

* Bateman New Zealand encyclopedia. David Bateman Ltd., 2005. ISBN 1869536010.
* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.
* Te Ara--The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Manatu Taonga Ministry for Culture and Heritage, 2005-. Available online here.

##### Niue

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.

##### Pitcairn Islands

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Samoa

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Tokelau

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.

##### Tonga

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Tuvalu

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Gascoigne, Bamber. Encyclopedia of Britain. Macmillan, 1993. ISBN 0028971426.

##### Wallis and Futuna

* Craig, Robert D. Historical dictionary of Polynesia. Scarecrow Press, 2002. ISBN 0810842378.
* Sellier, Jean, Anne. Le Fur, Bertrand de Brun. Atlas historique des provinces et régions de France: Genèse d'un peuple. La Découverte, 1997. ISBN 2707127515.

## Today in history

* Denney, Robert E., Gregory J. W. Urwin. The Civil War years: A day-by-day chronicle of the life of a nation. Sterling, 1992. ISBN 0806985194.
* Gutierrez, Pedro Rafael. Calendario historico: 500 anos de historia de Costa Rica. Universidad Autonoma de Centro America, 1988. ISBN 9977630526.
* Johnson, David E. From day to day: A calendar of notable birthdays and events. Scarecrow Press, 2001. ISBN 081083944X.
* Marsh, W. B., Bruce Carrick. 365: Your date with history. Icon, 2004. ISBN 1840466065.