OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Athenea Pérez

Athenea Pérez Nsué is a Spanish beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Spain 2023. She represented her country at Miss Universe 2023 and finished in the Top 10 semifinalist.

## Early life
### Family background

Pérez was born to a Spanish father and an Equatorial Guinean mother. She is of Fang and Bubi descent on her maternal side. At the age of 4, she began practicing rhythmic gymnastics. Regarding her mixed race, Pérez has stated, "as for something public, I think it's the first time I've been attacked because of my skin color. And I think it's not because they didn't want to attack me before, but that the reason is in social media. They are part of our daily lives and before, they simply existed, but they were a complement and not an extension of us. Now it's easier to give your opinion and hide your hand."
As an Equatorial Guinean descent on her mother's side and Muline's on her father's side, Pérez will be the first representative of racialized Spain, which led her to face some racist insults on social networks. "I'm very sad. I was shocked. I've lived here all my life. I was born here. I'm from Churra and half muleña because of my father. It strikes me that this is happening in a society with so many cultures, which for me means wealth. I love my city and I'm proud to be from Murcia," she after being crowned Miss Universe Spain.

### Education

Pérez graduated in Marketing and Advertising.

## Pageantry

Pérez first participated in the Miss World Spain competition when she was 17and was unplaced. On 2 July 2023, she wrote: Her victory makes her the eleventh representative of Miss Universe Spain in the history of the pageant, the only Spanish winner in 1974, Amparo Muñoz, and Carla Barber.
   At 17 years old, I introduced myself to Miss World Spain. I didn't rank, but I knew I would achieve something big one day. Ten years later, I was crowned Miss Universe Spain 2023. Life makes it clear that dreams do come true. What is for you will come. That if you put your heart to something, it will come true. Together we will do something great. Together we will go for the next crown.

### Miss Universe 2023

Pérez represented Spain at Miss Universe 2023, held in El Salvador, on 18 November 2023. Pérez reached the top 10, and won the Miss Congeniality award . Pérez became the first woman of black descent to represent the Spain at Miss Universe.
# Naphthylmorpholine

Naphthylmorpholine (code name PAL-678), also known as 2-(2′-naphthyl)morpholine, is a monoamine releasing agent of the arylmorpholine and naphthylethylamine families. It is the derivative of 2-phenylmorpholine with a 2-naphthalene ring instead of a phenyl ring. Naphthylmorpholine is a close analogue of naphthylmetrazine (PAL-704; a naphthalene analogue of phenmetrazine), but lacks naphthylmetrazine's methyl group at the 3 position of the morpholine ring.
The drug is a potent monoamine releasing agent. Its EC$_{50}$Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration values for induction of monoamine release have not been reported, but it released 92% of serotonin, 88% of norepinephrine, and 79% of dopamine at a concentration of 10,000 nM in rat brain synaptosomes. Hence, it appears to act preferentially as a releaser of serotonin and norepinephrine and to a lesser extent of dopamine.
Monoamine release of naphthylmorpholine and related agents (EC$_{50}$Tooltip Half maximal effective concentration, nM) :
| Compound | NETooltip Norepinephrine | DATooltip Dopamine | 5-HTTooltip Serotonin |
| d-Amphetamine | 6.6–10.2 | 5.8–24.8 | 698–1,765 |
| Naphthylaminopropane (NAP; PAL-287) | 11.1 | 12.6 | 3.4 |
| d-Methamphetamine | 12.3–14.3 | 8.5–40.4 | 736–1,292 |
| Methylnaphthylaminopropane (MNAP; PAL-1046) | 34 | 10 | 13 |
| l-Methcathinone | 13.1 | 14.8 | 1,772 |
| 2-Naphthylmethcathinone (BMAPN; βk-MNAP) | 94% at 10 μM | 34 | 27 |
| d-Ethylamphetamine | 28.8 | 44.1 | 333.0 |
| Ethylnaphthylaminopropane (ENAP; PAL-1045) | 137 | 46 $^a$ | 12 $^a$ |
| 2-Phenylmorpholine (PAL-632) | 79 | 86 | 20,260 |
| Naphthylmorpholine (PAL-678) | 88% at 10 μM | 79% at 10 μM | 92% at 10 μM |
| Phenmetrazine | 29–50.4 | 70–131 | 7,765–>10,000 |
| Naphthylmetrazine (PAL-704) | 203 | 111 | RI (105) |
| Notes: The smaller the value, the more strongly the drug releases the neurotransmitter. The assays were done in rat brain synaptosomes and human potencies may be different. See also Monoamine releasing agent § Activity profiles for a larger table with more compounds. Footnotes: $^a$ ENAPTooltip Ethylnaphthylaminopropane is a partial releaser of serotonin (E$_{max}$Tooltip maximal efficacy = 66%) and dopamine (E$_{max}$ = 78%). Refs: |||||
# Stygobromus lucifugus

Stygobromus lucifugus, the rubious cave amphipod is an extinct species of amphipod crustacean in the family Crangonyctidae. It was first described by Oliver Perry Hay who found it living in a well near Abingdon, Knox County, Illinois, United States, and it was endemic to that state.
# National Museum of Natural History and Science, Lisbon

The National Museum of Natural History and Science in Lisbon, Portugal (Portuguese: Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência) is the country's main museum focusing on nature. The museum functions under the University of Lisbon.
Its rich collections, gathered over more than 250 years, span zoology, anthropology, geology and botany.
The museum has activities for the promotion of natural history and science awareness, with space for artistic exhibitions, conferences, debates, workshops and courses.

## History

Its recent public designation, "MNHNC - National Museum of Natural History and Science", was created in October 2011. This incorporated the former National Museum of Natural History and the University of Lisbon Science Museum, integrating their collections, the historical buildings of the Polytechnic School, the Lisbon Botanical Gardens and, since July 2012, the Lisbon Astronomical Observatory :
The history of natural history collections in Lisbon began in the Royal Natural Cabinet and Botanical Garden, created in the second half of the eighteenth century, in Ajuda (western Lisbon). It was then housed for a short period in the Royal Academy of Sciences and transferred to the Polytechnic School in 1858, with the denomination of National Museum of Lisbon (1861) and under the administration of the Polytechnic School.
The second Botanic Gardens of Lisbon, in the grounds of the Polytechnic School officially opened in 1878.
In 1911, with the creation of the University of Lisbon, the Museum was annexed to the Faculty of Sciences.
In March 1978 a devastating fire destroyed part of the building of the former Polytechnic School, most of the zoology collection and part of the geology collection. The Faculty of Sciences would eventually move to its current premises in Campo Grande.
The Science Museum of the University of Lisbon was created in May 1985, sharing the building with the National Museum of Natural History.
Both museums adopted new by-laws in 2003, becoming autonomous from the Faculty of Sciences and under the direct administration of the Rector of the University of Lisbon.
# Ernest Frederick Beal

Ernest Frederick Beal VC (27 January 1883 – 22 March 1918) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Beal was born to John J. W. and Jane Stillman Beal, who resided at 55, East St., Brighton.

## Military

Beal was 35 years old, and a temporary second lieutenant in 13th Battalion, The Yorkshire Regiment (Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own), British Army during the First World War, and was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions on 21/22 March 1918 at St-Léger, France.
   For most conspicuous bravery and determined leading when in command of a company detailed to occupy a certain section of trench. When the company was established, it was found that a considerable gap of about 400 yards existed between the left flank of the company and the neighbouring unit, and that this gap was strongly held by the enemy. It was of vital importance that the gap should be cleared, but no troops were then available. Organising a small party of less than a dozen men, he led them against the enemy. On reaching an enemy machine gun, 2nd Lt. Beal immediately sprang forward, and with his revolver killed the team and captured the gun. Continuing along the trench he encountered and dealt with another machine gun in the same manner, and in all captured four enemy guns, and inflicted severe casualties. Later in the evening, when a wounded man had been left in the open under heavy enemy fire, he, regardless of danger, walked up close to an enemy machine gun and brought in the wounded man on his back. 2nd Lt. Beal was killed by a shell on the following morning.

## Commemoration

Beal is commemorated on the Arras Memorial. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Green Howards Museum, Richmond, North Yorkshire, England. Two Brighton & Hove buses have been named after him. Additionally, he is named on the panels commemorating the fallen from the First World War in the hall of Brighton, Hove and Sussex Sixth Form College, for alumni of the preceding institution, Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School.
A gold locket containing Beale's portrait and decorated with a Victoria Cross emblem was shown by his great-nephew, in an episode of Antiques Roadshow in December 2021.
# William T. Snyder

William T. Snyder (born October 18, 1931) is an American academic. He was the chancellor of the University of Tennessee Knoxville from 1992 to 1999. He is a former Department Head of Engineering and Mechanics and Dean of the College. Snyder also performed at the Tennessee Theatre as the House Organist between 1979 and 2018.
# Manuel Mordi

Manuel Mordi (born 15 August 2003) is a German sprint hurdler. He won the German Athletics Championships in 2023 and 2024 in the 110 metres hurdles.

## Career

A member of Hamburger SV, he was a sprinter until 2020, when he turned his focus to hurdles. He reached the semi-final of the 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships in Cali, Colombia, and was only four-hundreds of a second away from qualifying for the final. In 2023, he finished seventh in the final of the 110m hurdles at the European Athletics U23 Championships. He also became German Champion at the German Athletics Championships.
In May 2024, he ran a personal-best 13.56 seconds for the 110m hurdles to win at the Kurpfalz Gala Weinheim meet in Weinheim, Germany. Later that month, he lowered his personal best again, running 13.36 seconds in Leverkusen.
He reached the semi-finals of the 110m hurdles at the 2024 European Athletics Championships in Rome. He retained his German national title in June 2024. He competed in the 110m hurdles at the 2024 Paris Olympics.
He won the German Indoor Athletics Championships over 60 metres hurdles in February 2025.
# Main Ustaša Headquarters

The Main Ustaša Headquarters (Croatian: Glavni ustaški stan - GUS) was the ruling body of the Ustaša party in the Independent State of Croatia, convened under the poglavnik, Ante Pavelić.

## Establishment

The Ustaše emigrants lived in many different countries, but since 1929, the most important and most numerous group was group of Ustaše emigrants in Italy, led by Ante Pavelić. The Main Ustaša Headquarters evolved from Croatian Emigrant Office (Croatian: Hrvatska emigrantska kancelarija) established by Pavelić in Milan, Italy and managed by Stanko Hranilović who also used alias Stanko Đurić and was one of the closest associates of Pavelić at that time. The group of Ustaše in Italy consisted of about 500 emigrants. The Main Ustaša Headquarters was first situated in Bovegno, Italy.

## Organization

The Main Ustaša Headquarters consisted of poglavnik, Doglavničko vijeće, Pobočnički zbor and commissioners. It is assumed that before the World War II only Mile Budak was appointed as doglavnik (in 1934) and Marko Došen as president of the Doglavničko vijeće.
The Council of the deputy chiefs of state (Doglavničko vijeće), a body of the Main Ustaša Headquarters, was made up of no more than twelve doglavniks (deputy leaders) at any one time and no more than 7 poglavni pobočniks (adjutants). In May 1941 Pavelić signed the law which defined Main Ustaša Headquarters as supreme body of Ustaše organization.

### Doglavničko vijeće

In March 1941, the members of Doglavničko vijeće were:
* Andrija Betlehem
* Mile Budak
* Marko Došen
* Slavko Kvaternik
* Luka Lešić
* Stjepan Matijević
* Ademaga Mešić

### Pobočnički zbor

Besides doglavniks and their council, the Main Ustaša Headquarters had members who were adjutants (doglavni pobočnici) who constituted their own council (Pobočnički zbor) whose members were:
* Blaž Lorković
* Ivan Oršanić
* Ivan Javor
* Mijo Bzik
* Alija Šuljak
* Mira Vrličak-Dugački
* Vjekoslav Blaškov
* Hakija Hadžić

### Commissioners

Besides Poglavnik, his deputies and adjutants, the leadership of the Ustaše organization had also commissioners who were appointed by poglavnik. It is important to differentiate commissioners of the Main Ustaša Headquarters from commissioners temporarily appointed as temporary authorities to establish Croatian control of certain regions.
The commissioners of the Main Ustaša Headquarters included:
* Zdenko Blažeković, a commissioner for physical education and sport
* Božo Cerovski, a commissioner for internal affairs and security
* Eugen Dido Kvaternik
* Vjekoslav Luburić
* Vilko Pećnikar
* Branko Rukavina
* Frane Miletić
* Ante Štitić
* Vlado Singer
* Vlado Herceg
* Vlado Jonić
* Franjo Laslo
* Aleksandar Seitz
* Danijel Crljen, a commissioner for education and propaganda
* Šime Cvitanović
* Mira Vrličak Dugački
* Dragan Dujmović
* Tomiša Grgić
* Marijan Šimić
* Nikola Jurišić
* Mato Jagodić
* Ivan Pregrad
# Isle of Demons

The Isle of Demons is a phantom island once associated with Quirpon Island, Newfoundland, in Canada. It was generally shown as two islands. It began appearing on maps in the beginning of the 16th century and disappeared in the mid-17th century. It could also simply be a translation from First Nations people who often avoided areas where a person had died, believing it was haunted by spirits. This results in many islands with the same naming theme.
It was believed that the island was populated by demons and wild beasts which would torment and attack any ships that passed or anyone that was foolish enough to wander onto the island. A French noblewoman, Marguerite de La Rocque, was marooned on an island in the mid-16th century, allegedly because of an affair with a young man on her ship. This island is a possible site of their abandonment, and residents and visitors have claimed to see the couple. Across the centuries, many historians, novelists, poets, and singers have retold the story of Marguerite abandoned on the island. It is believed that the island of the marooning is most likely Harrington Harbour, Quebec.
The Isle of Demons first appears in the 1508 map of Johannes Ruysch. It may simply be a relocated version of the older legendary island of Satanazes ("Devils" in Portuguese) that was normally depicted in 15th century maps in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean just north of Antillia. With the Atlantic better mapped with the trans-oceanic voyages of the 1490s, Ruysch may simply have transplanted old Satanazes to a more suitable location.
The Isle of Demons continues to appear as late as the 1556 map of "La Nueva Francia" by Giacomo Gastaldi – that is, after Jacques Cartier's expeditions (1534, 1535, 1541) had explored much of Newfoundland and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The "Isola de Demoni" is depicted by Gastaldi as a substantially large island roughly encompassing northern Newfoundland, with figurative depictions of flying demons.
# Kati Nescher

The German model Kati Nescher (born 12 December 1984) was born in Russia.

## Career

Nescher was discovered at the age of 26 while living in Munich by Ann-Kathrin from AM Model Management in Dormagen. She debuted in the summer of 2011 and walked in the following S/S 2012 season. She walked 63 shows worldwide and broke the record by opening more than 12 of them in her first season. She has worked with brands including Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, Dior, Givenchy and Jimmy Choo.
Nescher is now signed with [DNA Model Management] in New York City, Why Not Model Agency in Milan, and VIVA Model Management in London and Paris.

## Personal life

Nescher gave birth to her son in 2010.
# Kamala Bahuguna

Kamala Bahuguna (30 December 1923 – 7 November 2001) was an Indian politician. She was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Phulpur, Uttar Pradesh as member of the Janata Party in 1977.
She is 2nd wife of Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna and lived with him in Allahabad and was mother of their 3 children:
* Their first son Vijay Bahuguna was the Chief Minister of Uttarakhand. He was a former judge of Allahabad High Court and Bombay High Court. Currently he is member of Bharatiya Janata Party
* Second son Shekhar Bahuguna.
* Daughter Rita Bahuguna Joshi is also in politics and was UP Congress Chief. She was also Mayor of Allahabad. Currently she is member of Bharatiya Janata Party and former minister in Yogi cabinet.
# Erkunt Group

The Erkunt Group was established in 1953 in Turkey. The company was initially a casting and pattern shop. The tractor division of the Erkunt group is owned by the Indian giant Mahindra & Mahindra.

## History

The company was established in 1953 in Turkey, as a general Foundry & pattern shop. By 1955, it had become a factory for machining parts as well as casting. The factory was chiefly engaged in the production of waste water pipes to NATO standards. Following 8 years of growth, in 1961 the company became a corporation. Erkunt was then producing intermediate goods for the automotive, agricultural tractor and motor industries, utilizing the most advanced technology of the day.
Erkunt has grown to employment 174 white collar and 851 blue collar workers, totaling, 1025 in a 60,000 ton/year capacity complex that is the leader in Turkey for grey iron and nodular casting production and mechanical processing.

## Erkunt Tractor

In 2003, the Erkunt Group started the tractor division with the establishment of Erkunt Tractor Ind. Inc. and became a member of the OEM group.
Tractor production started in September 2004. In the following 6 years, 8268 tractors were sold in the domestic market through 73 dealers and 105 sales points. The company, which entered the market with only two models, is now able to offer potential customers in different countries almost 40 different models between 58 and 83 hp. At the end of year 2010, Erkunt's market share in Turkey is 18% and is the second-biggest tractor manufacturer in Turkey. Erkunt distributes tractors under ArmaTrac brand in international markets and works on a distributorship basis. Currently, Erkunt has distributors in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Cyprus, Serbia, Greece, Austria, Finland, Portugal, Poland, Malta and Croatia in Europe as well as Morocco, Tanzania, Angola, Sudan, Yemen, Senegal and Mali in Africa; Barbuda and Antigua in America and Iraq in Asia. They have plans to grow and increase exports, including to the UK.
The tractors are designed by Turkish engineers, which is unusual in the Turkish tractor market, as most other manufacturers build them under license. The tractors are built to order. The tractors use ZF and Carraro transmissions built under license by them in Turkey.

## Diesel Engines

Perkins and Deutz manufacture the diesel engines.
# John R. Hargrove Sr.

John R. Hargrove Sr. (October 25, 1923 – April 1, 1997) was the first African American to be appointed Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Maryland and was later appointed by President Ronald Reagan to be a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.

## Education and career

Hargrove was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first son of Georgine and Raymond Hargrove. When he was six months old, the family moved to Baltimore, Maryland. He attended Saint Catherine's Academy (now Saint Pius School), and graduated from Douglass High School in 1941. After high school, he entered Morgan State College in Baltimore. His studies were interrupted by World War II when he joined the military service. He served in the United States Army Corps of Engineers from 1943 to 1946 where he attained the rank of sergeant. After the war he graduated from Howard University where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1947. Hargrove graduated from the University of Maryland School of Law with a Bachelor of Laws in 1950 and was admitted to the bar the same year. In 1957 he became the first African-American to be appointed Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Maryland, serving in that capacity for five years. In 1967, Hargrove was elected as a delegate to the Maryland Constitutional Convention in Annapolis.

## State judicial service

In 1962, he was appointed Judge of the old People's Court, where he served for a brief time before losing an election for the position. The next year he and Joseph C. Howard Sr. formed the law firm of Howard and Hargrove, where he practiced law until 1968. In 1968 he was appointed Judge of the old Municipal Court of Baltimore City. The old Municipal Court became the District Court of Maryland for Baltimore City in 1971, at which time he was named the first Administrative Judge for the newly formed District Court. In 1974, he was appointed Associate Judge of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City (now the Circuit Court for Baltimore City), where he served until 1984.

## Federal judicial service

Hargrove was nominated by President Ronald Reagan on January 30, 1984, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Maryland vacated by Judge Shirley Brannock Jones. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 9, 1984, and received commission on February 10, 1984. He assumed senior status on February 21, 1994. His service terminated on April 1, 1997, due to death.

## Legacy

The newest of the Baltimore City District Courthouses is the John R. Hargrove Sr. Building, located at 700 E. Patapsco Avenue in southern Baltimore City. Ground for this new courthouse was broken in 2001, and it is named in honor of the late Judge John R. Hargrove Sr., who died April 1, 1997. His son John Raymond Hargrove Jr. was appointed to the District Court of Maryland for Baltimore City by Governor Parris Glendening in 1998.