# English exonyms

An English exonym is a name in the English language for a place (a toponym), or occasionally other terms, which does not follow the local usage (the endonym). Exonyms and endonyms are features of all languages, and other languages may have their own exonym for English endonyms, for example Llundain is the Welsh exonym for the English endonym "London".
Romanization, or transcription of a non-Latin alphabet endonym into a Latin alphabet, is not generally regarded as creating exonyms: "The application of any scientifically sound romanization system to a non-Roman endonym merely re-creates that original endonym in another legitimate form" (Päll, 2002). However old romanization systems may leave a legacy of "familiar" spellings, as in the case of, for example, romanization of Burmese. This affects romanization of Arabic, romanization of Chinese, and many other non-Latin alphabet place names.
Translations of non-proper nouns such as "river" and "lake" also do not qualify as exonyms.
A less common form of exonym is usage for names and titles. Personal exonyms are typically limited to regnal names such as popes (John Paul II) and monarchs (Charles V); less commonly, well-known historical authors (John Calvin, for French Jean Calvin) are referred to by exonyms. The list does not include the list of English translated personal names.

## General

This section lists English-language exonyms that are for places located in multiple countries, English names of countries, and typical patterns.

### Countries and territories

The following is a list of countries and territories whose names in local languages differ from their (non-local) English ones. The list includes countries with limited recognition, autonomous territories of sovereign countries, and fully sovereign countries.
Country names are listed in their short form, and do not include names spelled identically in English. Near-identical names in pronunciation or spelling are included, but countries named with non-proper nouns (like Central African Republic or United Arab Emirates) are not. It is debatable whether the mere omission of a diacritical mark (as in several instances in the table below) creates an exonym.
The languages listed are official languages and/or prominent local languages, except if the name for the associated country is spelled the same as in English. Languages in italics are no longer spoken in the given country, but the name listed retains some use.
Likewise, exonyms in italics are obsolete or are disputed.
Countries and territories :
| English name | Endonym | Language |
| Abkhazia | Aṗsny (Аԥсны) | Abkhaz |
| Abkhazia | Abkhaziya (Абхазия) | Russian |
| Afghanistan | Afġānestān (افغانستان) | Dari |
| Afghanistan | Afġānistān (افغانستان) | Pashto |
| Albania | Shqipëri(a) | Standard Albanian |
| Albania | Shqipyni(a) | Gheg Albanian |
| Algeria | Al-Dzāyīr (الدزاير) | Maghrebi Arabic |
| Algeria | Al-Jazā'ir (الجزائر) | Standard Arabic |
| Armenia | Hayastan (Հայաստան) | Armenian |
| Austria | Österreich | Standard German |
| Azerbaijan | Azərbaycan | Azeri |
| Bahrain | Al-Baḥrayn (البحرين) | Standard Arabic |
| Bangladesh | বাংলাদেশ (Bangladesh) | Bengali |
| Belarus | Byelarus’ (Беларусь) | Belarusian |
| Belarus | Byelarus’ (Беларусь) | Russian |
| Belgium | België | Dutch |
| Belgium | Belgien | Standard German |
| Belgium | Belgique | French |
| Benin | Bénin | French |
| Bhutan | Druk Yul (འབྲུག་ཡུལ་) | Dzongkha |
| Bolivia | Mborivia | Guarani |
| Bolivia | Puliwya | Quechua |
| Bolivia | Wuliwya | Aymara |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | Bosna & Hercegovina (Босна & Херцеговина) | Bosnian |
| Brazil | Brasil | Portuguese |
| Bulgaria | Balgariya (България) | Bulgarian |
| Burkina Faso | Burkĩna Faso | Mossi |
| Burundi | Uburundi | Kirundi |
| Cambodia | Kampuciə (កម្ពុជា) | Khmer |
| Cameroon | Cameroun | French |
| Cameroon | Kamerun | Fula |
| Cape Verde | Cabo Verde | Portuguese |
| Cape Verde | Kabu Verdi | Cape Verdean Creole |
| Chad | Tchad | French |
| Chad | Tshād (تشاد) | Standard Arabic |
| Chile | Chili | Aymara |
| Chile | Chli | Mapudungun |
| Chile | Chili | Quechua |
| Chile | Tire | Rapa Nui |
| China | Zhōngguó (中国) | Mandarin |
| Colombia | Colombia | Spanish |
| Comoros | Comores | French |
| Comoros | Juzur Al-Qamar (جزر القمر) | Standard Arabic |
| Comoros | Komori | Comorian |
| Congo-Brazzaville | Kongó | Lingala |
| Congo-Brazzaville | Kôngo-Balazvile | Kongo |
| Congo-Kinshasa | Kongo | Luba-Katanga |
| Congo-Kinshasa | Kongó-Kinsásá | Lingala |
| Congo-Kinshasa | Kôngo | Kongo |
| Congo-Kinshasa | Kongu | Swahili |
| Cook Islands | Kūki 'Āirani | Cook Islands Maori |
| Croatia | Hrvatska | Croatian |
| Cyprus | Kıbrıs | Turkish |
| Cyprus | Kýpros (Κύπρος) | Greek |
| Czech Republic, Czechia | Česká republika, Česko | Czech |
| Denmark | Danmark | Danish |
| Djibouti | Jabuuti | Somali |
| Djibouti | Jībūtī (جيبوتي) | Standard Arabic |
| Djibouti | Yibuuti | Afar |
| Dominica | Dominique | French |
| Dominica | Wai'tu kubuli | Island Carib |
| East Timor | Timor-Leste | Portuguese |
| East Timor | Timór Lorosa'e | Tetum |
| Ecuador | Ekuatur | Shuar |
| Ecuador | Ikwayur | Quechua |
| Egypt | Maṣr (مَصر) | Egyptian Arabic |
| Egypt | Miṣr (مِصر) | Standard Arabic |
| Eritrea | Ertra (ኤርትራ) | Tigrinya |
| Eritrea | ‘Iritriyā (إرتريا) | Standard Arabic |
| Estonia | Eesti | Estonian |
| Ethiopia | Itiyoophiyaa | Afar |
| Ethiopia | Itoobiya | Somali |
| Ethiopia | Itoophiyaa | Oromo |
| Ethiopia | ʾĪtyōṗṗyā (ኢትዮጵያ) | Amharic |
| Ethiopia | ʾĪtyōṗṗyā (ኢትዮጵያ) | Tigrinya |
| Fiji | Fijī (फ़िजी) | Fiji Hindi |
| Fiji | Viti | Fijian |
| Finland | Suomi | Finnish |
| France | France | French |
| Gambia | Gámbi | Wolof |
| Gambia | Kambiya | Mandinka |
| Georgia | Sakartvelo (საქართველო) | Georgian |
| Germany | Deutschland | Standard German |
| Ghana | Gaana | Twi |
| Greece | Elládha (Ελλάδα) | Greek |
| Grenada | La Gwenad | Grenadian Creole |
| Guinea-Bissau | Guiné-Bissau | Portuguese |
| Guinea-Conakry | Ginea-Conakry | Fula |
| Guinea-Conakry | Guinée-Conakry | French |
| Haiti | Ayiti | Haitian Creole |
| Haiti | Haïti | French |
| Honduras | Honduras | Spanish |
| Hong Kong | Xiānggǎng | Chinese |
| Hungary | Magyarország | Hungarian |
| Iceland | Ísland | Icelandic |
| India | Bhaaratham (ഭാരതം) | Malayalam |
| India | Bhārat (भारत) | Marathi |
| India | Bhārat (भारत) | Dogri |
| India | Bhārat (भारत) | Hindi |
| India | Bhārat (भारत) | Maithili |
| India | Bhārat (भारत) | Nepali |
| India | Bhārat (ભારત) | Gujarati |
| India | Bhārat (بًارت \ भारत) | Kashmiri |
| India | Bhārat (بھارت \ ਭਾਰਤ) | Punjabi |
| India | Bhārat (ڀارت \ भारत) | Sindhi |
| India | Bhārat (بھارت) | Urdu |
| India | Bhārata (ಭಾರತ) | Kannada |
| India | Bhāratam (भारतम्) | Sanskrit |
| India | Bhārathadeśaṁ (భారతదేశం) | Telugu |
| India | Bhāratham (பாரதம்) | Tamil |
| India | Bharot (भारत) | Konkani |
| India | Bhārot (ভারত) | Bengali |
| India | Bhārôt (ভাৰত) | Assamese |
| India | Bhārôt (ভাৰত) | Meitei |
| India | Bhārôt (भारत) | Bodo |
| India | Bhārôtô (ଭାରତ) | Odia |
| India | Siñôt (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ) | Santali |
| Iran | Irān (ایران) | Persian |
| Iraq | Al-'Irāq (اَلْعِرَاق) | Standard Arabic |
| Iraq | Êraq (عێراق) | Kurdish |
| Ireland | Éire | Irish |
| Israel | Isrā'īl (إِسْرَائِيل) | Standard Arabic |
| Israel | Yisraél (ישראל) | Hebrew |
| Italy | Italia | Standard Italian |
| Ivory Coast | Côte d'Ivoire | French |
| Japan | Nihon / Nippon (日本) | Japanese |
| Jordan | Al-'Urdunn (الأردن) | Standard Arabic |
| Kazakhstan | Qazaqstan (Қазақстан) | Kazakh |
| Kosovo | Kosovë | Albanian |
| Kuwait | Al-Kuwait (الكويت) | Standard Arabic |
| Kuwait | il-Ikwēt (الكويت) | Gulf Arabic |
| Kyrgyzstan | Kırǧızstan (Кыргызстан) | Kyrgyz |
| Laos | Lāo (ລາວ) | Lao |
| Latvia | Latvija | Latvian |
| Latvia | Lețmō | Livonian |
| Lebanon | Ləbnēn (لبنان) | Levantine Arabic |
| Lebanon | Lubnān (لبنان) | Standard Arabic |
| Libya | Lībiyā (ليبيا) | Standard Arabic |
| Lithuania | Lietuva | Lithuanian |
| Luxembourg | Lëtzebuerg | Luxembourgish |
| Luxembourg | Luxemburg | Standard German |
| Madagascar | Madagasikara | Malagasy |
| Malawi | Malaŵi | Chewa |
| Malawi | Malaŵi | Tumbuka |
| Malaysia | Mǎláixīyà (马来西亚) | Mandarin |
| Maldives | Dhivehi Raajje (ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ ) | Dhivehi |
| Mali | Mālī (مالي) | Standard Arabic |
| Marshall Islands | Aorōkin M̧ajeļ | Marshallese |
| Mauritania | Agawej | Berber |
| Mauritania | Cengiṭ | Berber |
| Mauritania | Gànnaar | Wolof |
| Mauritania | Mauritanie | French |
| Mauritania | Moritani | Pulaar |
| Mauritania | Mūrītānyā (موريتانيا) | Standard Arabic |
| Mauritania | Murutaane | Soninke |
| Mauritius | Maurice | French |
| Mauritius | Moris | Mauritian Creole |
| Mexico | México | Spanish |
| Mexico | Mēxihco | Nahuatl |
| Moldova | Moldaviya (Молдавия) | Russian |
| Monaco | Mónegue | Occitan |
| Monaco | Mùnegu | Ligurian |
| Mongolia | Mongol Uls (Монгол Улс) | Mongolian |
| Montenegro | Crna Gora (Црна Гора) | Montenegrin |
| Morocco | Al-Maġrib (المغرب) | Standard Arabic |
| Morocco | lmeɣrib (ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ) | Standard Moroccan Tamazight |
| Morocco | Maroc | French |
| Mozambique | Moçambique | Portuguese |
| Mozambique | Msumbiji | Swahili |
| Mozambique | Mozambiki | Chewa |
| Mozambique | Muzambhiki | Tsonga |
| Myanmar | Myǎma (မြန်မာ) | Burmese |
| Namibia | Namibië | Afrikaans |
| Nauru | Naoero | Nauruan |
| Nepal | Nepāl (नेपाल) | Nepali |
| Netherlands | Nederland | Dutch |
| New Zealand | Aotearoa | Maori |
| Niger | Al-Nayjar (النيجر) | Standard Arabic |
| Nigeria | Naìjíríyà | Igbo |
| Nigeria | Naìjíríyà | Yoruba |
| Nigeria | Najeriya | Hausa |
| Niue | Niuē | Niuean |
| North Korea | Chosŏn (조선) | Korean |
| North Macedonia | Maqedonia e Veriut | Albanian |
| North Macedonia | Severna Makedonija (Северна Македонија) | Macedonian |
| Norway | Nöörja | Southern Sami |
| Norway | Noreg | Norwegian Nynorsk |
| Norway | Norga | Northern Sami |
| Norway | Norge | Norwegian Bokmål |
| Norway | Vuodna | Lule Sami |
| Oman | 'Umān (عمان) | Standard Arabic |
| Pakistan | Pākistān (پاکِستان) | Urdu |
| Palau | Belau | Palauan |
| Palau | Parao (パラオ) | Japanese |
| Palestine | Filasṭīn (فلسطين) | Standard Arabic |
| Panama | Panamá | Spanish |
| Papua New Guinea | Papua Niu Gini | Hiri Motu |
| Papua New Guinea | Papua Niugini | Tok Pisin |
| Paraguay | Paraguái | Guarani |
| Paraguay | Paraguay | Spanish |
| Peru | Perú | Spanish |
| Peru | Piruw | Aymara |
| Peru | Piruw | Quechua |
| Philippines | Pilipinas | Tagalog |
| Poland | Polska | Polish |
| Portugal | Portugal | Portuguese |
| Qatar | Giṭar (قطر) | Gulf Arabic |
| Qatar | Qaṭar (قطر) | Standard Arabic |
| Romania | România | Romanian |
| Russia | Rossíya (Росси́я) | Russian |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Saint Christopher and Nevis | English |
| Samoa | Sāmoa | Samoan |
| Saudi Arabia | al-Suʿūdiyya (ٱلسُّعُودِيَّة) | Standard Arabic |
| Senegal | Senegaal | Wolof |
| Senegal | Sénégal | French |
| Serbia | Srbija | Serbian |
| Seychelles | Sesel | Seychellois Creole |
| Singapore | Ciṅkappūr (சிங்கப்பூர்) | Tamil |
| Singapore | Singapura | Malay |
| Singapore | Xīnjiāpō (新加坡) | Mandarin |
| Slovakia | Slovensko | Slovak |
| Slovenia | Slovenija | Slovene |
| Somalia | aṣ-Ṣūmāl (الصومال) | Standard Arabic |
| Somalia | Soomaaliya | Somali |
| Somaliland | Ṣūmālīlānd (صوماليلاند) | Standard Arabic |
| South Korea | Hanguk (한국) | Korean |
| South Sudan | Paguot Thudän | Dinka |
| South Ossetia | Alaniya (Алания) | Russian |
| South Ossetia | Allonston (Аллонстон) | Ossetian |
| Spain | Espainia | Basque |
| Spain | España | Galician |
| Spain | España | Spanish |
| Spain | Espanha | Occitan |
| Spain | Espanya | Catalan |
| Sri Lanka | Ilaṅkai (இலங்கை) | Tamil |
| Sri Lanka | Śrī Laṁkā (ශ්‍රී ලංකා) | Sinhala |
| Sudan | as-Sūdān (السودان) | Standard Arabic |
| Sweden | Sverige | Swedish |
| Switzerland | Helvetia | Latin |
| Switzerland | Schweiz | Standard German |
| Switzerland | Suisse | French |
| Switzerland | Svizra | Romansh |
| Switzerland | Svizzera | Standard Italian |
| Syria | Sūriyā (سوريا) | Standard Arabic |
| Taiwan | Tâiuân (臺灣) | Hokkien |
| Taiwan | Táiwān (臺灣) | Mandarin |
| Taiwan | Taywan | Amis |
| Taiwan | Tǒivǎn (臺灣) | Hakka |
| Tajikistan | Tojikiston (Тоҷикистон) | Tajik |
| Thailand | Pratheṣ̄thịy (ประเทศไทย) | Thai |
| Transnistria | Nistrenia (Нистрения) | Romanian |
| Transnistria | Pridnestrovye (Приднестровье) | Russian |
| Transnistria | Prydnistrovya (Придністров'я) | Ukrainian |
| Tunisia | Tunest | Berber |
| Tunisia | Tunisie | French |
| Tunisia | Tūnis (تونس) | Standard Arabic |
| Turkey | Türkiye | Turkish |
| Turkmenistan | Türkmenistan | Turkmen |
| Uganda | Yuganda | Luganda |
| Ukraine | Ukrajina (Україна) | Ukrainian |
| Uzbekistan | Oʻzbekiston (Ўзбекистон) | Uzbek |
| Vatican City | Stato della Città del Vaticano | Standard Italian |
| Vatican City | Status Civitatis Vaticanae | Latin |
| Vietnam | Việt Nam | Vietnamese |
| Yemen | Al-Yaman (اَلْيَمَنُ) | Standard Arabic |

### Other territories

The following is a list of other territories/regions which are not deemed as countries or sovereign states.
Other territories :
| English name | Endonym | Language |
| Alsace | Elsass | German |
| Alsace | Elsàss | Alsatian |
| Basque Country | País Vasco | Spanish |
| Basque Country | Euskadi | Basque |
| Bavaria | Bayern | German |
| Bavaria | Boarn | Bavarian |
| Bohemia | Čechy | Czech |
| Bohemia | Böhmen | German |
| Brittany | Bretagne | French |
| Brittany | Breizh | Breton |
| Catalonia | Catalunya | Catalan |
| Catalonia | Cataluña | Spanish |
| Cornwall | Kernow | Cornish |
| Corsica | Corse | French |
| Crimea | Krym (Крым) | Russian |
| Crimea | Krym (Крим ) | Ukrainian |
| Crimea | Qırım | Crimean Tatar |
| Faroe Islands | Færøerne | Danish |
| Faroe Islands | Føroyar | Faroese |
| Flanders | Vlaanderen | Dutch |
| Friesland | Fryslân | Frisian |
| Galicia | Galiza | Galician |
| Greenland | Grønland | Danish |
| Greenland | Kalaallit Nunaat | Greenlandic |
| Hawaii | Hawai‘i | Hawaiian |
| Kashubia | Kaszuby | Polish |
| Kashubia | Kaszëbë | Kashubian |
| Kurdistan | Kurdistan (کوردستان) | Sorani Kurdish |
| Kurdistan | Kurdistān (كردستان) | Arabic |
| Kurdistan | Kurdistān (كردستان) | Persian |
| Kurdistan | Kürdistan | Turkish |
| Kurdistan | K’urdistan (Քուրդիստան) | Armenian |
| Kurdistan | Kurdıstan | Zazaki |
| Lombardy | Lombardia | Italian |
| Moravia | Morava | Czech |
| Moravia | Mähren | German |
| Normandy | Normandie | French |
| Normandy | Normaundie | Norman |
| Northern Ireland | Tuaisceart Éireann | Irish |
| Northern Ireland | Norlin Airlann | Ulster Scots |
| Occitania | Occitanie | French |
| Occitania | Occitània | Occitan |
| Piedmont | Piemonte | Italian |
| Piedmont | Piemont | Piedmontese |
| Pomerania | Pomorze | Polish |
| Pomerania | Pommern | German |
| Quebec | Québec | French |
| Sardinia | Sardegna | Italian |
| Sardinia | Sardigna | Sardinian |
| Scotland | Alba | Scottish Gaelic |
| Sicily | Sicilia | Italian |
| Sicily | Sicilia | Sicilian |
| Silesia | Śląsk | Polish |
| Silesia | Slezsko | Czech |
| Silesia | Ślōnsk | Silesian |
| Silesia | Schlesien | German |
| Tibet | Xīzàng (西藏) | Mandarin |
| Tibet | Böd (བོད) | Tibetan |
| Wales | Cymru | Welsh |
| Wallonia | Wallonie | French |

## Specific countries
### Albania

Albania Shqipëria :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Durazzo | Durrës | Albanian | Dated, Italian name |
| Tirana | Tiranë | Albanian | Tirana is Albanian for "the Tirana" |

### Algeria

Algeria Al-Jazā'ir (الجزائر) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Algiers | Al-Jazā'ir (الجَزائر) | Standard Arabic | |
| Constantine | Qusanṭīnah (قسنطينة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Oran | Wahrān (وَهران) | Standard Arabic | |
Name of the country and its capital city in Arabic, Al-Jazā'ir (الجزائر), is Arabic for "the islands".

### Armenia

Armenia Hayastan (Հայաստան) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Ararat Plain | Araratyan dasht (Արարատյան դաշտ) | Armenian | |
| Ararat Plain | Iğdır Ovası | Turkish | |
| Yerevan | Erevan (Երևան) | Armenian | Armenian place pronounced like English name |

### Australia

Most places in Australia have additional names in various indigenous Australian languages.
Australia :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Ayers Rock | Uluru | Pitjantjatjara | Dated |
| Rose Hill | Parramatta | Dharug | Archaic |
| Tasmania | Lutruwita | Nuenonne / Palawa kani | |

### Austria

Austria Österreich :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Ammergau Alps | Ammergebirge | German | |
| Bavarian Prealps | Bayerische Voralpen | German | |
| Brenner Pass | Brennerpass | German | |
| Carinthia | Kärnten | German | |
| Carpathian Basin | Karpatenbecken | German | |
| Danube river | Donau | German | |
| Drava | Drau | German | |
| Drave | Drau | German | Dated |
| Lake Constance | Bodensee | German | |
| Northern Limestone Alps | Nördliche Kalkalpen | German | |
| Southern Limestone Alps | Südliche Kalkalpen | German | |
| Styria | Steiermark | German | |
| Tyrol | Tirol | German | |
| Vienna | Wien | German | |
| Wetterstein | Wettersteingebirge | German | |

### Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan Azərbaycan :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Baku | Bakı | Azeri | |
| Barda | Bərdə | Azeri | |
| Caucasus | Qafqaz | Azeri | |
| Ganja | Gəncə | Azeri | |
| Lachin | Laçın | Azeri | |
| Sumgait | Sumqayıt | Azeri | |

### Belarus

Belarus (Беларус) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bielorussia, Byelorussia | Belorussia | Belarusian, Russian | obsolete |
| White Russia | Belorussia | Belarusian, Russian | obsolete |

### Belgium

Historically, English borrowed French names for many places in Dutch-speaking areas of Belgium. With a few exceptions this practice is no longer followed by most sources.
Belgium België/ Belgique :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Antwerp | Antwerpen | Dutch | |
| Bruges | Brugge | Dutch | French name |
| Brussels | Brussel | Dutch | |
| Brussels | Bruxelles | French | |
| Courtrai | Kortrijk | Dutch | Archaic, French name |
| Filford | Vilvoorde | Dutch | Archaic |
| Flanders | Vlaanderen | Dutch | |
| Gaunt | Gent | Dutch | Archaic |
| Ghent | Gent | Dutch | |
| Louvain | Leuven | Dutch | Archaic, French name |
| Mechlin | Mechelen | Dutch | Archaic |
| Ostend | Oostende | Dutch | |
| Wallonia | Wallonie | French | |
| Ypres | Ieper | Dutch | French name |

### Bosnia & Herzegovina

Bosnia & Herzegovina Bosna & Hercegovina (Босна & Херцеговина) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bosnia | Bosna (Босна) | Bosnian | |
| Herzegovina | Hercegovina (Херцеговина) | Bosnian | German spelling, English name pronounced the same |
| Narenta | Neretva (Неретва) | Bosnian | Italian name, sometimes used in English |

### Bulgaria

Bulgaria Balgariya (България) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Balkan Mountains | Stara Planina (Стара Планина) | Bulgarian | |
| Danube river | Dunav (Дунав) | Bulgarian | |
| Philippopolis | Plovdiv (Пловдив) | Bulgarian | Archaic |
| Rhodope Mountains | Rodopi (Родопи) | Bulgarian | |
| Sofia | Sofiya (София) | Bulgarian | |
| Southern Dobruja | Dobrudzha (Добруджа) | Bulgarian | Bulgarian half of former Dobruja region |
| Thrace | Trakiya (Тракия) | Bulgarian | |

### Canada

Numerous places in the predominantly French speaking province of Quebec have historically had English exonyms; in most cases, the exonym was a straight translation of the place's French name, with only one major city which ever had an English exonym that was entirely different from its original French name. With a few exceptions, such as Quebec City, these are no longer widely used. Exonyms are also commonly seen with regard to First Nations and Inuit peoples and communities; although government and media sources have evolved in recent years toward using these places' native endonyms, common usage may still favour the older exonyms.
Canada :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Arctic Red River | Tsiigehtchic | Gwich'in | Archaic |
| Big Trout Lake | Kitchenuhmaykoosib | Oji-Cree | |
| Cambridge Bay | Iqaluktuuttiaq | Inuinnaqtun | |
| Chesterfield Inlet | Igluligaarjuk (ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒑᕐᔪᒃ) | Inuktitut | |
| Fort Franklin | Délįnę | Sahtu | Archaic |
| Fort Hope | Eabametoong | Ojibwe | |
| Fort Norman | Tulita | Sahtu | Archaic |
| Fraserville | Rivière-du-Loup | French | Archaic |
| Frobisher Bay | Iqaluit (ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ) | Inuktitut | Archaic |
| Gjoa Haven | Uqsuqtuuq (ᐅᖅᓱᖅᑑᖅ) | Inuktitut | |
| Holman | Ulukhaktok | Inuinnaqtun | Archaic |
| Harrington Lake | Lac Mousseau | French | |
| Iroquois River | Rivière Richelieu | French | Archaic |
| Island of Orleans | Île d'Orléans | French | |
| Lansdowne House | Neskantaga | Oji-Cree | |
| Mount Royal | Mont-Royal | French | |
| Quebec City | Québec | French | |
| Queen Charlotte Island | Haida Gwaii | Haida | Archaic |
| Rankin Inlet | Kangiqliniq (ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ) | Inuktitut | |
| Saint Andrew | Saint-André-d'Argenteuil | French | Archaic |
| Saint John | Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu | French | Archaic |
| Summer Beaver | Nibinamik (ᓃᐱᓇᒥᐦᐠ) | Ojibwe | |
| The River Ouse | La Rivière Grand | French | Archaic |
| The River Ouse | Kenhionhata:tie | Mohawk | |
| Three Rivers | Trois-Rivières | French | Archaic |
| Two Mountains | Deux-Montagnes | French | Archaic |
| Whale Cove | Tikiraqjuaq (ᑎᑭᕋᕐᔪᐊᖅ) | Inuktitut | |

### Cambodia

During the Khmer Rogue period (1975–1979), the country was known in English as Democratic Kampuchea, closer to the endonym than its modern English exonym. The English exonym of Cambodia is based on the French exonym, Cambodge. The endonym is sometimes used in English, but the exonym is far more common.
Cambodia Kampuchea (កម្ពុជា) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Mekong River | Tonle Mekongk (ទន្លេមេគង្គ) | Khmer | |
| Phnom Penh | Phnum Pénh (ភ្នំពេញគ) | Khmer | |
| Sihanoukville | Krong Preah Sihanouk (ក្រុងព្រះសីហនុ) | Khmer | |
| Sihanoukville | Kampong Som (កំពង់សោម) | Khmer | |

### Central African Republic

Central African Republic Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka / République centrafricaine :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bangi | Bangî | Sango | Bangi is occasionally used in English |
| Bangi | Bangui | French | Bangi is occasionally used in English |

### Chile

Chile :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Easter Island | Isla de Pascua | Spanish | |
| Easter Island | Rapa Nui | Rapa Nui | |
| Fireland | Tierra del Fuego | Spanish | Obsolete |

### China

Some of the apparent "exonyms" for China are the result of change in romanization of Chinese to modern pinyin, for example "Tientsin" to "Tianjin". Other apparent exonyms are the result of the English name being based on one of the other varieties of Chinese besides Mandarin. Additionally, certain names which may now be considered exonyms actually preserve older Mandarin pronunciations which have changed in the intervening centuries. For all areas in mainland China, names written in Chinese are written in simplified characters. For all areas in the special administrative regions (SARs), the names will be written in traditional characters.
China Zhōngguó (中国) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Amoy | Amoy | Min Nan | Archaic |
| Amoy | Xiàmén (厦门) | Mandarin | Archaic |
| Amoy | Ē-mn̂g | Amoy | Archaic |
| Amoy | Ē-mûi | Amoy | Archaic |
| Canton | Guǎngzhōu (广州) | Mandarin | Archaic |
| Canton | Gwong2 Zau1 | Cantonese | Archaic |
| Changbai Mountain | Chángbáishān (长白山) | Mandarin | |
| Changbai Mountain | Paektusan (백두산) | Korean | |
| Chengchow | Zhèngzhōu (郑州) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Chengtu | Chéngdū (成都) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Chungking | Chóngqìng (重庆) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Foochow | Fúzhōu (福州) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Forbidden City | Gùgōng (故宫), Zǐjìnchéng (紫禁城) | Mandarin | Means "Ancient Palace" and "Purple Forbidden City" respectively |
| Fukien | Fújiàn (福建) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Gobi Desert | Gēbì Shāmò (戈壁沙漠) | Mandarin | |
| Gobi Desert | Govi (ᠭᠣᠪᠢ) | Mongolian | |
| Hangchow | Hángzhōu (杭州) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Heilungkiang | Hēilóngjiāng (黑龙江) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Heilungkiang | Khejluntszyan (Хэйлунцзян) | Russian | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Hohhot | Kökeqota (ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ) | Mongolian | |
| Hohhot | Hūhéhàotè (呼和浩特) / Hūshì (呼市) | Mandarin | |
| Hokkien | Fújiàn (福建) | Hokkien | Archaic, but survives in English name of the language |
| Hong Kong | Hoeng1 Gong2 (香港) | Cantonese | |
| Hong Kong | Xiānggǎng | Mandarin | |
| Inner Mongolia | Öbür mongɣul (ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ) | Mongolian | |
| Inner Mongolia | Nèi Měnggǔ (内蒙古) | Mandarin | |
| Kalgan | Kalgan(ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ) | Mongolian | |
| Kalgan | Zhāngjiākǒu (张家口) / Kālāgàn (喀拉干) | Mandarin | Archaic |
| Kwangchow | Gwong2 Zau1 | Cantonese | |
| Kwangchow | Guǎngzhōu (广州) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Kweilin | Gveilinz | Zhuang | |
| Kweilin | Guìlín (桂林) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Lop Nor / Lop Nur | Luóbùpō (罗布泊) | Mandarin | |
| Lop Nor / Lop Nur | Lob Nughur (ᠯᠣᠪ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ) | Mongolian script | |
| Lop Nor / Lop Nur | Lop Nur (لوپنۇر) | Uighur | |
| Macau | Ou3 mun2 (澳門) | Cantonese | |
| Macau | Àomén (澳门) | Mandarin | |
| Mekong River | Méigōnghé (湄公河) | Mandarin | |
| Mount Everest | Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng (珠穆朗玛峰) | Mandarin | |
| Mount Everest | Chomolungma (ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ) | Tibetan | |
| Mukden | Mukden | Manchu | Archaic |
| Mukden | Shěnyáng (沈阳) | Mandarin | Archaic |
| Nanking | Nánjīng (南京) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Paotou | Bāotóu (包头) | Mandarin | Obsolete English spelling |
| Paotou | Buɣutu qota (ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ) | Mongolian | Obsolete English spelling |
| Peking | Běijīng (北京) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Port Arthur | Dàlián (大连) | Mandarin | Archaic |
| Santow | Shàntóu (汕头) | Mandarin | Archaic |
| Shaanxi | Shǎnxī (陕西) | Mandarin | Name spelled using Guoyeu Romatzyh romanization, as the name would be the same as Shanxi using pinyin without tones. |
| Sian | Xī'ān (西安) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Sinkiang | Xīnjiāng (新疆) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Soochow | Sūzhōu (苏州) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Swatow | Shàntóu (汕头) | Mandarin | |
| Swatow | Suan1tao5 (汕头) | Teochew | English orthography close to Teochew pronunciation (Teochew 'n' sound is nasal) |
| Szechuan | Sìchuān (四川) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Tibet | Bod (བོད) | Tibetan | |
| Tibet | Xīzàng (西藏) | Mandarin | |
| Tsingtao | Qīngdǎo (青岛) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Yangtze River | Cháng jiāng (長江／长江) | Mandarin | Based on the archaic name Yángzǐ Jiāng (揚子江／扬子江) |
| Yellow River | Huáng Hé (黃河) | Mandarin | |
| Yenchi | Yánjí (延吉) | Mandarin | Archaic, change in romanization |
| Yenchi | Yenji (옌지), Yŏn'gil (연길) | Korean | |
| Yenki | Yenji (옌지), Yŏn'gil (연길) | Korean | |
| Yenki | Yánjí (延吉) | Mandarin | |

### Croatia

Croatia Hrvatska :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Danube | Dunav | Croatian | |
| Dalmatia | Dalmacija | Croatian | |
| Istria | Istra | Croatian | |
| Ragusa | Dubrovnik | Croatian | Historical exonym |
| Zara | Zadar | Croatian | Historical exonym |

### Cuba

Cuba :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bay of Pigs | Bahía de Cochinos | Spanish | Cochino is one of several Spanish words used to define "pig" |
| Havana | (La) Habana | Spanish | |

### Cyprus

Cyprus Kýpros/ Kıbrıs :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Place | Language | Notes |
| Famagusta | Ammokhóstos (Αμμόχωστος) | Greek | |
| Famagusta | Gazimaǧusa | Turkish | |
| Kyrenia | Girne | Turkish | |
| Kyrenia | Kerýneia (Κερύνεια) | Greek | |
| Limassol | Lemesós (Λεμεσός) | Greek | |
| Limassol | Limasol | Turkish | |
| Nicosia | Lefkoşa | Turkish | |
| Nicosia | Lefkosía (Λευκωσία) | Greek | |

### Czech Republic

Historically, English-language sources used German names for many places in what is now the Czech Republic. With some exceptions (such as the Elbe and Oder rivers, both of which flow into Germany) this is no longer done by most sources.
Czech Republic Česká republika :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Beskids | Beskydy | Czech | |
| Bohemia | Čechy | Czech | Latin name |
| Bohemian Forest | Šumava | Czech | |
| Bohemian Karst | Český kras | Czech | |
| Bohemian Paradise | Český ráj | Czech | |
| Bohemian Switzerland | České Švýcarsko | Czech | |
| Budweis | České Budějovice | Czech | Archaic, German name |
| Carlsbad | Karlovy Vary | Czech | Archaic, German name |
| Elbe river | Labe | Czech | German name |
| Fichtel Mountains | Smrčiny | Czech | German name |
| Franzensbad | Františkovy Lázně | Czech | Archaic, German name |
| Giant Mountains | Krkonoše | Czech | |
| Hanakia | Haná | Czech | Archaic |
| Lachia | Lašsko | Czech | |
| Marienbad | Mariánské Lázně | Czech | Archaic, German name |
| Moravia | Morava | Czech | Latin name |
| Moravian Slovakia | Slovácko | Czech | |
| Moravian Wallachia | Valašsko | Czech | |
| Oder river | Odra | Czech | German name |
| Ore Mountains | Krušné hory | Czech | |
| Pilsen | Plzeň | Czech | Archaic, German name |
| Prague | Praha | Czech | French name |
| Silesia | Slezsko | Czech | |
| Silesia | Ślōnsk | Silesian | |
| Sudetes, Sudeten, Sudeten Mountains | Krkonošsko-jesenická subprovincie, Sudety | Czech | |
| Sudetenland | Sudety | Czech | |
| Upper Palatine Forest | Český les | Czech | |

### Denmark

Denmark Danmark :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Copenhagen | København | Danish | |
| Elsinore | Helsingør | Danish | Dated |
| Funen | Fyn | Danish | |
| Jutland | Jylland | Danish | |
| Sleswick | Schleswig | Low German | |
| Sleswick | Slesvig | Danish | |
| The Scaw | Skagen | Danish | Dated |
| Zealand | Sjælland | Danish | |

#### Faroe Islands

Faroe Islands Føroyar :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Thor's Haven | Tórshavn | Danish | Dated |

#### Greenland

Several places were known under Danish names, or a variant of them. Now only the local Greenlandic is used.
Greenland Kalaallit Nunaat :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Frederikdshab | Paamiut | Greenlandic | Obsolete |
| Godthab | Nuuk | Greenlandic | Obsolete |
| Jacobshaven | Ilulissat | Greenlandic | Obsolete |
| Sondre Stromfjord | Kangerlussuaq | Greenlandic | Obsolete |
| Sondrestrom | Kangerlussuaq | Greenlandic | Obsolete |
| Thule | Qaanaaq | Greenlandic | Obsolete |

### Egypt

Egypt Miṣr (مصر) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Alexandria | Al-Iskandariyya (الإسكندرية) | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Alexandria | Alexandria (ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ) | Coptic | |
| Alexandria | Eskendereyya (اسكندرية) | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Alexandria | Rakote (ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ ) | Coptic | |
| Cairo | Al-Qāhirah (القاهرة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Cairo | Maṣr (مَصر) | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Giza | Al-Jīzah (الجيزة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Giza | El-Gīzeh (الجيزة) | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Luxor | Al-Uqṣur (الاقصر) | Standard Arabic | |
| Luxor | Babe (ⲡⲁⲡⲉ) | Coptic | |
| Luxor | Loqṣor (الأقصر) | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Memphis | Manf (مَنْف) | Standard Arabic | |
| Memphis | Memfi (ⲙⲉⲙϥⲓ) | Coptic | |
| Nile | An-Nīl (النيل) | Standard Arabic | |
| Nile | En-Nīl (النيل) | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Nile | Nilus | Latin | |
| Port Said | Bur Sa'īd (بور سعيد) | Standard Arabic | |
| Port Said | Bor Sa'īd (بور سعيد) | Egyptian Arabic | |
| Suez | As-Suways (السويس) | Standard Arabic | |
The English name of Egypt derives from the French name, Egypte, which is derived from the Greek name, Aigyptos (Αίγυπτος).

### Estonia

Estonia Eesti :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Lake Peipus | Peipsi järv | Estonian | |
| Reval | Tallinn | Estonian | Obsolete |

### Finland

Finland Suomi :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Karelia | Karjala | Finnish | From Latin |
| Lapponia | Lappi | Finnish | From Latin |
| Ostrobothnia | Pohjanmaa | Finnish | From Latin, compare Swedish Österbotten |
| Savonia | Savo | Finnish | From Latin |
| Tavastia | Häme | Finnish | From Latin |

### France

France :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bay of Biscay | Golfe de Gascogne | French | |
| Bethwyn | Béthune | French | Archaic |
| Brittany | Breizh | Breton | |
| Brittany | Bretagne | French | |
| Burgundy | Bourgogne | French | |
| Camerick | Cambrai | French | Obsolete |
| Corsica | Corse | French | |
| Corsica | Corsica | Corsican | |
| Cressy | Crécy-en-Ponthieu | French | |
| Dauphiny | Dalfinat | Occitan | |
| Dauphiny | Darfenât | Arpitan | |
| Dauphiny | Dauphiné | French | Archaic |
| Dunkirk | Dunkerque | French | |
| English Channel | La Manche | French | |
| Flanders | Flandre | French | |
| French Riviera | Côte d'Azur | French | |
| Gascony | Gascogne | French | |
| Gascony | Gasconha | Gascon | |
| Lyons | Liyon | Arpitan | |
| Lyons | Lyon | French | Archaic |
| Marseilles | Marseille | French | Archaic |
| Marseilles | Marselha | Occitan | |
| Normandy | Normandie | French | |
| Normandy | Normaundie | Norman | |
| Picardy | Picardie | French | |
| Rheims | Reims | French | Archaic |
| Rhine River | Rhin | French | |
| Rone | Rouen | French | Obsolete |
| Savoy | Savoie | French | |
| Savoy | Savouè | Arpitan | |
| Ushant | Eusa | Breton | |
| Ushant | Ouessant | French | |

### Georgia

Georgia Sakartvelo (საქართველო) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Caucasus | Kavkasioni (კავკასიონი) | Georgian | |
| Tiflis | Tbilisi (თბილისი) | Georgian | Obsolete |

### Germany

This list does not include German place names with ß written with "ss" or umlauts being removed in some writing.
Germany Deutschland :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Aix-la-Chapelle | Aachen | Standard German | Archaic |
| Aix-la-Chapelle | Oche | Ripuarian | |
| Baltic Sea | Ostsee | Standard German | |
| Bavaria | Bayern | Standard German | |
| Bay of Lübeck | Lübecker Bucht | Standard German | German name means "Lübeck Bight" |
| Bay of Mecklenburg | Mecklenburger Bucht | Standard German | German name means "Mecklenburg Bight" |
| Bay of Meldorf | Meldorfer Bucht | Standard German | German name means "Meldorf Bight" |
| Bay of Pomerania | Pommersche Bucht | Standard German | German name means "Pomeranian Bight" |
| Bay of Wismar | Wismarer Bucht | Standard German | German name means "Wismar Bight" |
| Black Forest | Schwarzwald | Standard German | |
| Brunswick | Braunschweig | Standard German | Archaic |
| Brunswick | Brunswiek | Low Saxon | |
| Cleves | Kleve | Standard German | Archaic |
| Coblence | Koblenz | Standard German | Archaic |
| Coblenz | Koblenz | Standard German | Dated |
| Cologne | Kölle | Ripuarian | |
| Cologne | Köln | Standard German | |
| Constance | Konstanz | Standard German | Dated |
| Danube river | Donau | Standard German | |
| Eastphalia | Oostfalen | Low Saxon | |
| Eastphalia | Ostfalen | Standard German | |
| Egge Hills | Eggegebirge | Standard German | German name means "Egge Mountains" |
| Franconia | Franken | Standard German | |
| Franconia | Frankn | Austro-Bavarian | |
| Franconian Jura | Frankenalb | Standard German | Frankenjura also used in German |
| Frankfort | Frangford (am Maa) | Hessian | Archaic |
| Frankfort | Frankfurt (am Main) | Standard German | Archaic |
| Hamelin | Hameln | Standard German | |
| Hanover | Hannober | Low Saxon | |
| Hanover | Hannover | Standard German | |
| Haßberge Hills | Haßberge | Standard German | |
| Heligoland | deät Lun | Heligolandic North Frisian | |
| Heligoland | Hälilönj | Bökingharde North Frisian | |
| Heligoland | Helgoland | Standard German | |
| Hesse | Hessen | Standard German | |
| Hessia | Hessen | Standard German | |
| Hither Pomerania | Vorpommern | Standard German | |
| Hohwacht Bay | Hohwachter Bucht | Standard German | |
| Jade Bight | Jadebusen | Standard German | |
| Kaufungen Forest | Kaufunger Wald | Standard German | |
| Kiel Canal | Nordostseekanal | Standard German | |
| Knüll | Knüllgebirge | Standard German | German name also used in English |
| Lake Constance | Bodensee | Standard German | |
| Lower Bavarian Upland | Niederbayerisches Hügelland | Standard German | |
| Lusatia | Lausitz | Standard German | |
| Lusatia | Łužica | Upper Sorbian | |
| Lusatia | Łužyca | Lower Sorbian | |
| Malborow | Marburg | Standard German | Archaic |
| Mayence | Mainz | Standard German | Archaic |
| Mentz | Mainz | Standard German | Archaic, British English |
| Moselle river | Mosel | Standard German | |
| Moselle river | Musel | Moselle Franconian | |
| Munich | Minga | Austro-Bavarian | |
| Munich | München | Standard German | |
| Nuremberg | Narrnberch | East Franconian | |
| Nuremberg | Nürnberg | Standard German | |
| Ore Mountains | Erzgebirge | Standard German | |
| Palatinate | Palz | Palatinate German | |
| Palatinate | Pfalz | Standard German | |
| Pomerania | Pommern | Standard German | |
| Prussia | Preußen | Standard German | |
| Ratisbon | Regensburg | Standard German | Archaic |
| Ratisbon | Rengschburch | Austro-Bavarian | |
| Rhenish Massif | Rheinisches Schiefergebirge | Standard German | |
| Rhine river | Rhein | Standard German | |
| Saxe-Coburg-Gotha | Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha | Standard German | English now uses translation Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |
| Saxony | Sachsen | Standard German | |
| Saxony | Sassen | Low Saxon | |
| Swabia | Schwaben | Standard German | |
| Szczecin Lagoon | Stettiner Haff | Standard German | |
| Thuringia | Thüringen | Standard German | |
| Thuringia | Tréier | Moselle Franconian | |
| Treves | Trier | Standard German | Archaic, French name |
| Western Pomerania | Vorpommern | Standard German | |
| Westphalia | Westfalen | Low Saxon | |
| Westphalia | Westfalen | Standard German | |

### Greece

The exonym for Greece in English comes from Magna Graecia, which was a historical region in Italy colonized by the Greeks. The endonym Ellás comes from Helen of Troy, the legendary Greek figure whose abduction caused the Greek city-states to unite and fight against Troy during the Trojan War.
Greece Elládha/ Ellás (Ελλάδα/ Ἑλλάς) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Attica | Attikí (Αττική) | Greek | |
| Athens | Athína (Αθήνα) | Greek | |
| Boetia | Voiotía (Βοιωτία) | Greek | |
| Corfu | Kérkyra (Κέρκυρα) | Greek | |
| Corinth | Kórinthos (Κόρινθος) | Greek | |
| Crete | Kríti (Κρήτη) | Greek | |
| Cyclades | Kykládhes (Κυκλάδες) | Greek | |
| Dodecanese | Dhodhekánisa (Δωδεκάνησα) | Greek | |
| Epirus | Ipeiros (Ήπειρος) | Greek | |
| Euboea | Evvoia (Εύβοια) | Greek | |
| Heraklion | Irákleio (Ηράκλειο) | Greek | |
| Icaria | Ikaría (Ικαρία) | Greek | |
| Ithaca | Itháki (Ιθάκη) | Greek | |
| Lepanto | Náfpaktos (Νάυπακτος) | Greek | Archaic |
| Macedonia | Makedonía (Μακεδονία) | Greek | |
| Mediterranean Sea | Mesógeios thálassa (Μεσόγειος θάλασσα) | Greek | |
| Missolonghi | Mesológi (Μεσολόγγι) | Greek | |
| Naupactus | Náfpaktos (Νάυπακτος) | Greek | Greek name also used in English |
| Navarino | Pýlos (Πύλος) | Greek | Archaic |
| Patras | Pátra (Πάτρα) | Greek | |
| Peloponnese | Pelopónnisos (Πελοπόννησος) | Greek | |
| Philippi | Fílippoi (Φίλιπποι) | Greek | |
| Piraeus | Peiraiás (Πειραιάς) | Greek | |
| Rhodes | Ródhos (Ρόδος) | Greek | |
| Rhodope Mountains | Rodhópi (Ροδόπη) | Greek | |
| Salonica | Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) | Greek | Archaic |
| Samothrace | Samothráki (Σαμοθράκη) | Greek | |
| Sparta | Spárti (Σπάρτη) | Greek | |
| Thebes | Thíva (Θήβα) | Greek | |
| Thessalonica | Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) | Greek | Greek name also used in English |
| Thessaly | Thessalía (Θεσσαλία) | Greek | |
| Thrace | Thráki (Θράκη) | Greek | |
| Zante | Zákynthos (Ζάκυνθος) | Greek | Archaic |

### Haiti

Haiti Haïti / Ayiti :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Labadee | Labadie | French | |

### Hungary

Hungary Magyarország :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Budapest | Budapest | Hungarian | |
| Carpathian Mountains | Kárpátok | Hungarian | |
| Comorn | Komárom | Hungarian | Dated |
| Danube River | Duna | Hungarian | |
| Pesth | Pest | Hungarian | Archaic |

### Iceland

Iceland Ísland :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Blue Lagoon | Bláa lónið | Icelandic | |
| Westman Islands | Vestmannaeyjar | Icelandic | Dated, translation |

### India

India Bhārat (भारत) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Allahabad | Prayagraj (प्रयागराज) | Hindi | Officially amended to Prayagraj but still in use in popular culture. |
| Allepey | Alappuzha (ആലപ്പുഴ) | Malayalam | Dated |
| Bangalore | Bengaluru (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು) | Kannada | |
| Benares | Varanasi (वाराणसी) | Hindi | Dated |
| Bombay | Mumbai (मुंबई) | Marathi | Dated |
| Calcutta | Kolkata (কলকাতা) | Bengali | Dated |
| Cawnpore | Kanpur (कानपुर) | Hindi | Obsolete |
| Cochin | Kochi (കൊച്ചി) | Malayalam | |
| Delhi | Dilli (दिल्ली) | Hindi | |
| Ganges River | Ganga (गंगा) | Hindi | |
| Indus River | Sindhū (सिन्धु) | Sanskrit | |
| Jaypore | Jaipur (जयपुर) | Hindi | Obsolete |
| Laccadive Islands | Lakshadweep (ലക്ഷദ്വീപ്) | Malayalam | Obsolete |
| Madras | Chennai (சென்னை) | Tamil | Dated |
| Palghat | Palakkad (പാലക്കാട്) | Malayalam | Obsolete |
| Pondicherry | Puducherry (புதுச்சேரி) | Tamil | Dated |
| Poona | Pune (पुणे) | Marathi | Dated |
| Simla | Shimla (शिमला) | Hindi | Obsolete |
| Trivandrum | Thiruvananthapuram (തിരുവനന്തപുരം) | Malayalam | |

### Indonesia

Indonesia :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Note |
| English name | Name | Language | Note |
| Bencoolen | Bengkulu | Indonesian | Historical |
| Billiton | Belitung | Indonesian | Obsolete |
| Borneo | Kalimantan | Indonesian | These exonyms are also unofficially used in Indonesia. |
| Celebes | Sulawesi | Indonesian | These exonyms are also unofficially used in Indonesia. |
| Ceram | Seram | Indonesian | |
| Java | Jawa | Indonesian | |
| Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara Islands) | Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara | Indonesian | |
| Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara Islands) | Kepulauan Sunda Kecil | Indonesian | Historical |
| Moluccas | Kepulauan Maluku | Indonesian | |
| New Guinea (Papua) | Papua | Indonesian | |
| New Guinea (Papua) | Irian Jaya | Indonesian | Historical |
| New Guinea (Papua) | Nugini | Indonesian | Fossil word, only in compounds. |
| Savu | Sawu | Indonesian | One of few alternative names for the island. Sabu is officially only used for Sabu Raijua Regency. |
| Savu | Sabu | Indonesian | One of few alternative names for the island. Sabu is officially only used for Sabu Raijua Regency. |
| Thousand Islands | Kepulauan Seribu | Indonesian | |

### Iran

Iran Irān (اݐران) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Note |
| English name | Name | Language | Note |
| Bushire | Bushehr (بوشهر) | Persian | Obsolete |
| Caspian Sea | Darya-ye Khazar (Khazar Sea) | Persian | |
| Isfahan | Ešfahān (اصفهان) | Persian | |
| Meshed | Mashhad (مشهد) | Persian | Obsolete |
| Teheran | Tehran (تهران) | Persian | Obsolete |

### Iraq

Iraq Al-Irāq (العراق) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Ctesiphon | Ṭaysafūn (طيسفون) or Qaṭaysfūn (قطيسفون) | Standard Arabic | |
| Duhok | Dahūk (دهوك) | Standard Arabic | |
| Duhok | Dihok (دهۆک) | Kurdish | |
| Duhok | Beth Nohadra (ܒܝܬ ܢܘܗܕܪܐ) | Syriac | |
| Euphrates River | Al-Furāt (الفرات) | Standard Arabic | |
| Euphrates River | Firat | Kurdish | |
| Euphrates River | Pǝrāth (ܦܪܬ) | Syriac | |
| Mosul | Al-Mawṣil (الموصل) | Standard Arabic | |
| Mosul | Māwṣil (ܡܘܨܠ) | Syriac | |
| Mosul | Mosil (مووسڵ) | Kurdish | |
| Tigris River | Deqlath (ܕܹܩܠܵܬ) | Syriac | |
| Tigris River | Dîcle (دیجلە) | Kurdish | |
| Tigris River | Dijla (دجله) | Standard Arabic | |

### Ireland

The vast majority of placenames in Ireland are anglicisations, or phonetic renderings, of Irish language names. The exceptions to this are listed here:
Ireland Éire :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Arklow | an tInbhear Mór | Irish | |
| Carlingford | Cairlinn | Irish | |
| Connaught | Connacht | Irish | Dated |
| Dalkey | Deilginis | Irish | |
| Dursey | Baoi Bhéarra, Oileán Baoi | Irish | |
| Dublin | Baile Átha Cliath | Irish | |
| Fastnet | Carraig Aonair | Irish | |
| Haulbowline | Inis Sionnach | Irish | |
| Howth | Binn Éadair | Irish | |
| Killarney | Cill Airne | Irish | |
| Lambay | Reachrainn | Irish | |
| Leinster | Laighin | Irish | |
| Leixlip | Léim an Bhrádain | Irish | |
| Meath | Mí | Irish | |
| Munster | Mumhan | Irish | |
| Oxmantown | Baile Lochlannach | Irish | |
| Saltee | Na Sailtí | Irish | |
| Selskar | Seilsceir | Irish | |
| Skerries | Na Sceirí | Irish | |
| Strangford | Loch Cuan | Irish | |
| Ulster | Ulaidh | Irish | |
| Waterford | Port Láirge | Irish | |
| Wexford | Loch Garman | Irish | |
| Wicklow | Cill Mhantáin | Irish | |

### Israel

The below listing is only a summary. Modern Israeli transcription systems (romanization of Hebrew) vary from the spellings of many hundreds of place names of Ancient Israel adopted by Bible translations - both Christian, such as the King James Version (1611) and also Jewish versions such as the JPS (1917).
Israel Yisrael (ישראל) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | |
| Acre | Ako (עכו) | Modern Hebrew | Greek name |
| Beersheba | Beer Sheva' (באר שבע) | Modern Hebrew | |
| Capernaum | Kfar Nachum (כפר נחום) | Modern Hebrew | Latin name |
| Dead Sea | Āl-Baḥrū l-Maytū (اَلْبَحْرُ الْمَيْتُ) | Standard Arabic | |
| Dead Sea | Yam hamMelaḥ (ים המלח) | Modern Hebrew | |
| Galilee | haGalil (הגליל) | Modern Hebrew | |
| Jaffa | Yafo (יפו) | Modern Hebrew | |
| Joppa | Yafo (יפו) | Modern Hebrew | Greek name, dated |
| Jordan River | Nahr al-Urdun (نهر الأردن) | Standard Arabic | |
| Jordan River | Nahar haYarden (נהר הירדן) | Modern Hebrew | |
| Jerusalem | Ūršalīm (أُورُشَلِيمَ) | Standard Arabic | |
| Jerusalem | Yerushalayim (ירושלים) | Modern Hebrew | Latin name |
| Nazareth | Natzrat (נצרת) | Modern Hebrew | Greek name |
| Sea of Galilee | Imat Tbria (بحيرة طبريا) | Standard Arabic | |
| Sea of Galilee | Yamat haKineret (ימת הכינרת) | Modern Hebrew | |
| Safed | Tzfat (צפת) | Modern Hebrew | Arabic name |
| Tiberias | Tverya (טבריה) | Modern Hebrew | Greek name |

### Italy

Italy Italia :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Apulia | Puglia | Standard Italian | |
| Apulia | Pùglia | Neapolitan | |
| Aventine Hill | Aventino | Standard Italian | |
| Caelian Hill | Celio | Standard Italian | |
| Capitoline Hill | Campidoglio | Standard Italian | |
| Florence | Firenze | Standard Italian | French name |
| Genoa | Genova | Standard Italian | |
| Genoa | Zêna | Ligurian | |
| Herculaneum | Ercolano | Standard Italian | English uses different names for the ancient and modern places |
| Janiculum | Gianicolo | Standard Italian | Latin name |
| Latium | Lazio | Standard Italian | English uses different names for the ancient and modern places |
| Leghorn | Livorno | Standard Italian | Obsolete |
| Lombardy | Lombardéa | Lombard | French name |
| Lombardy | Lombardia | Standard Italian | |
| Mantua | Mantua | Lombard | |
| Mantua | Mantova | Standard Italian | |
| Milan | Milan | Lombard | |
| Milan | Milano | Standard Italian | |
| Montferrat | Monferrato | Standard Italian | French name |
| Montferrat | Monfrà | Piedmontese | French name |
| Naples | Napoli | Standard Italian | French name |
| Naples | Napule | Neapolitan | French name |
| Padua | Padova | Standard Italian | |
| Padua | Pàdova | Venetian | |
| Piedmont | Piemont | Piedmontese | |
| Piedmont | Piemonte | Standard Italian | |
| Phlegraean Fields | Campi Flegrei | Standard Italian | |
| Pompeii | Pompei | Standard Italian | Latin name |
| Pontine Marshes | Agro Pontino | Standard Italian | |
| Rome | Roma | Standard Italian | French name |
| Rubicon River | Rubicone | Standard Italian | |
| Sardinia | Sardegna | Standard Italian | |
| Sicily | Sicilia | Standard Italian | |
| Sicily | Sicilia | Sicilian | |
| Sienna | Siena | Standard Italian | Obsolete |
| Syracuse | Sarasusa | Sicilian | |
| Syracuse | Siracusa | Standard Italian | |
| The Marches | Marche | Standard Italian | Obsolete |
| Tiber | Tevere | Standard Italian | Latin name |
| Tuscany | Toscana | Standard Italian | |
| Turin | Torino | Standard Italian | |
| Turin | Turin | Piedmontese | |
| Trent | Trento | Standard Italian | Dated |
| Trent | Trent | Ladin and Lombard | Dated |
| Tyrol | Tirolo | Standard Italian | |
| Venice | Venesia | Venetian | French name |
| Venice | Venezia | Standard Italian | French name |
| Vesuvius | Vesuvio | Neapolitan | |
| Vesuvius | Vesuvio | Standard Italian | Latin name |
Many English exonyms were derived from the French variations, such as Rome and Venice.

### Japan

Japan Nihon, Nippon (日本) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bonin Islands | Ogasawara Guntou (小笠原群島) | Japanese | |
| Iwo Jima | Iou-tou (硫黄島) | Japanese | Alternative reading of endonym |
| Liancourt Rocks | Takeshima (竹島) | Japanese | |
| Ryūkyū Islands | Nansei-shotou (南西諸島) | Japanese | |
| Volcano Islands | Kazan Rettou (火山列島) | Japanese | |
The English name for Japan derives from the Portuguese name for the country, Japão, which was based on a Chinese transcription of Japan's endonym, Nippon or Nihon (日本).

### Laos

Laos Lāo (ລາວ) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Louangphabang | Luang Prabang (ຫລວງພະບາງ) | Lao | Also spelled Luangphabang |
| Mekong River | Maenam Khong (ແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ) | Lao | |
| Savannakhet | Kaysone Phomvihane (ໄກສອນ ພົມວິຫານ) | Lao | |
| Viangchan | Wīang chan (ວຽງຈັນ) | Lao | |
| Vientiane | Wīang chan (ວຽງຈັນ) | Lao | from French |
| Wiangchan | Wīang chan (ວຽງຈັນ) | Lao | |
An older variant of the country's name in English uses the definite article, the Laos, which is now obsolete.

### Latvia

Latvia Latvija :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Courland | Kurzeme | Latvian | |
| Lettgallia | Latgale | Latvian | Dated |
| Semigallia | Zemgale | Latvian | Dated |

### Lebanon

Lebanon Lubnān (لبنان) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Sidon | Ṣaydā (صيدا) | Standard Arabic | |
| Tyre | Ṣūr (صور) | Standard Arabic | |
| Tripoli | Ṭarābulus (طرابلس) | Standard Arabic | |

### Libya

Libya Libiyā (ليبيا) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Cyrenaica | Barqah (برقة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Fezzan | Fezzan (ⴼⵣⵣⴰⵏ) | Berber | |
| Fezzan | Fizzān (فزان) | Standard Arabic | |
| Misrata | Miṣrātah (مصراتة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Sirte | Sirt (سرت) | Standard Arabic | |
| Tripoli | Ṭrables | Berber | |
| Tripoli | Ṭarābulus (طرابلس) | Standard Arabic | |
| Tripoli | Ṭrābləs (طرابلس) | Maghrebi Arabic | |
| Tripolitania | Ṭrables | Berber | |
| Tripolitania | Ṭarābulus (طرابلس) | Standard Arabic | |
| Tripolitania | Ṭrābləs (طرابلس) | Maghrebi Arabic | |

### Lithuania

Lithuania Lietuva :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Neman river | Nemunas | Lithuanian | |
| Nieman river | Nemunas | Lithuanian | Dated |
| Samogitia | Žemaitija | Lithuanian | |
| Sudovia | Sudūva | Lithuanian | |
| Yotvingia | Dainava | Lithuanian | |
| Vilna or Wilna | Vilnius | Lithuanian | Obsolete |

### Malaysia

Malaysia :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Malacca | Melaka | Malay | |
| Penang Island | Pulau Pinang | Malay | |
| Johore | Johor | Malay | |

### Mexico

Mexico México :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Kino Bay | Hermosillo | Spanish | |
| Rocky Point | Puerto Peñasco | Spanish | Dated |

### Moldova

Moldova :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Kishinev | Chișinău | Romanian | Obsolete |

### Mongolia

Mongolia Mongγol Ulus (Монгол Улc/ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Gobi Desert | Govi (Говь/ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ) | Mongolian | |
| Ulan Bator | Ulaanbaatar (Улаанбаатар/ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ) | Mongolian | Obsolete |

### Morocco

Morocco Al-Magrib (المغرب) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Casablanca | Ad-Dār Al-Bayḍā' (الدار البيضاء) | Standard Arabic | |
| Casablanca | Kaza (كازا) | Moroccan Arabic | Informal name for the city |
| Casablanca | Anfa (ⴰⵏⴼⴰ) | Berber | |
| Fez | Fās (ⴼⴰⵙ) | Berber | |
| Fez | Fās (فاس) | Standard Arabic | |
| Marrakesh | Murrākuš (مراكش) | Standard Arabic | |
| Tangier | Ṭanja (ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ) | Berber | |
| Tangier | Ṭanjah (طنجة) | Standard Arabic | |
The English name for the country derives from the city name Marrakesh. The Arabic name for the country, al-Magrib (المغرب), is Arabic for "the west".

### Myanmar

Myanmar Myanma (မြန်မာ) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Mekong River | Megaung Myit (မဲခေါင်မြစ်) | Burmese | |
| Naypyidaw | Nay Pyi Taw (နေပြည်တော်) | Burmese | |
| Pagan | Bagan (ပုဂံ) | Burmese | Dated |
| Rangoon | Yangon (ရန်ကုန်မြို့) | Burmese | Dated |
| Ummerapoora | Amarapura (အမရပူရ) | Burmese | Dated |

### Nepal

Nepal Nepāl (नेपाल) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Mount Everest | Sagarmatha (सगरमाथा) | Nepali | |

### Netherlands

Netherlands Nederland :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Brill | Brielle | Dutch | Obsolete |
| Dort | Dordrecht | Dutch | Obsolete |
| Flushing | Vlissingen | Dutch | Obsolete |
| Guelders | Gelderland | Dutch | Dated |
| Hook of Holland | Hoek van Holland | Dutch | |
| Leyden | Leiden | Dutch | Dated |
| Meuse river | Maas | Dutch | French name |
| Rhine river | Rijn | Dutch | |
| Ryswick | Rijswijk | Dutch | Obsolete |
| The Hague | Den Haag | Dutch | |

### Norway

Norway Noreg, Norge :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bear Island | Bjørnøya | Norwegian | Translation |
| North Cape | Davvenjárgga | Northern Sami | Translation |
| North Cape | Nordkapp | Norwegian | Translation |
| Slagen Valley | Slagndarn | Tunsbergian | Translation |
| Slagen Valley | Slagendalen | Norwegian | Translation |
| The Southland | Sørlandet | Norwegian | Translation |

### North Korea

The inhabitants of North Korea prefer the official name of the country, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), Chosŏn, or simply Korea.
North Korea Chosŏn (조선) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Diamond Mountain | Kŭmgang-san (금강산) | Korean | English now uses rough transliteration Mount Kumgang |
| Paektu Mountain | Paektu-san (백두산) | Korean | |
| Tumen River | Tuman-gang (두만강) | Korean | Mandarin name, as the river borders China |
| Yalu River | Amnok-kang (압록강) | Korean | Mandarin name, as the river borders China |

### Palestine

Palestine Filasṭīn (فلسطين) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bethany | Al-'Eizariya (العيزرية) | Standard Arabic | |
| Bethlehem | Beyt Laḥm (بيت لحم) | Levantine Arabic | |
| Bethlehem | Bayta Laḥm (بيت لحم) | Standard Arabic | |
| Dead Sea | al-Baḥr al-Mayt (اَلْبَحْر الْمَيْت) | Levantine Arabic | |
| Gaza City | Ġazzah (غَزَّة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Hebron | Al-Ḵalīl (الخليل) | Standard Arabic | |
| Jericho | Arīḥā (أريحا) | Standard Arabic | |
| Jerusalem | Al-Quds (القُدس) | Standard Arabic | Latin name |
| Jordan River | Nahr al-Urdun (نهر الأردن) | Standard Arabic | |

### Philippines

Philippines Pilipinas :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Caloocan | Kalookan | Tagalog |
| Cebu | Sugbo | Cebuano |
| Davao | Dabaw | Cebuano |
| Manila | Maynila | Tagalog | |

### Poland

Poland Polska :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Auschwitz | Oświęcim | Polish | Dated, German name |
| Breslau | Wrocław | Polish | Dated, German name |
| Carpathian Mountains | Karpaty | Polish | |
| Cracow | Kraków | Polish | |
| Danzig | Gdańsk | Polish | Dated, German name |
| Galicia | Galicja | Polish | |
| Giant Mountains | Karkonosze | Polish | |
| Kashubia | Kaszëbë | Kashubian | |
| Kashubia | Kaszuby | Polish | |
| Kuyavia | Kujawy | Polish | |
| Mazovia | Mazowsze | Polish | |
| Mazuria | Mazury | Polish | |
| Oder river | Odra | Polish | |
| Pomerania | Pomorze | Polish | |
| Subcarpathia | Podkarpacie | Polish | |
| Sudetes, Sudeten, Sudeten Mountains | Sudety | Polish | |
| Silesia | Śląsk | Polish | |
| Silesia | Ślōnsk | Silesian | |
| Vistula river | Wisła | Polish | |
| Warsaw | Warszawa | Polish | |

### Portugal

Portugal :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Azores | Açores | Portuguese | Spanish name |
| Braganza | Bragança | Portuguese | Dated, Spanish name |
| Lisbon | Lisboa | Portuguese | |
| Oporto | Porto | Portuguese | Obsolete |
| Tagus river | Tejo | Portuguese | Latin name |

### Romania

Romania România :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bucharest | București | Romanian | |
| Carpathian Mountains | Carpați | Romanian | |
| Danube River | Dunărea | Romanian | |
| Jassy | Iași | Romanian | Obsolete |
| Northern Dobruja | Dobrogea, Dobrogea de Nord | Romanian | Romanian part of the region of Dobruja |
| Transylvania | Transilvania | Romanian | |
| Wallachia | Țara Românească, Valahia | Romanian | |

### Russia

Russia Rossiya (Россия) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Archangel | Arkhangelsk (Архангельск) | Russian | Dated |
| Black Sea | Chernoje (Черное) | Russian | |
| Caucasus | Kavkaz (Кавказ) | Russian | |
| Caspian Sea | Kaspijskoje more (Каспийское море) | Russian | |
| Grozny | Sölƶa-Ġala (Соьлжа-ГӀала) | Chechen | |
| Grozny | Groznyj (Грозный) | Russian | |
| Moscow | Moskva (Москва) | Russian | |
| Orel | Oryol (Орёл) | Russian | Obsolete |
| Pacific Ocean | Tikhiy okean (Тихий океан) | Russian | |
| Plescow | Pskov (Псков) | Russian | Obsolete |
| Saint Petersburg | Sankt-Peterburg (Санкт-Петербург) | Russian | |
| Siberia | Sibir' (Сибирь) | Russian | |

### Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia As-Sa'ūdīyah (السعودية) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Arabian Sea | Al-Baḥr al-'Arabī (البحر العربي) | Standard Arabic | |
| Empty Quarter | Rub' al Khali (ٱلرُّبْع ٱلْخَالِي) | Standard Arabic | |
| Gulf of Aden | Ḫalīǧ ʻAdan (خليج عدن) | Standard Arabic | |
| Jeddah | Jiddah (جِدَّة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Mecca | Makkah (مکة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Medina | Al-Madīnah (المدينة) | Standard Arabic | |
| Persian Gulf | Xalij-e fârs (خلیج فارس) | Farsi | |
| Persian Gulf | Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī (اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ) | Standard Arabic | |
| Red Sea | Al-Baḥr al-ʾAḥmar (البحر الأحمر) | Standard Arabic | |
| Riyadh | Er-Riyāḍ (الرياض) | Najdi Arabic | |
| Riyadh | Ar-Riyāḍ (الرياض) | Standard Arabic | |

### Serbia

Serbia Srbija (Србија) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Balkan Mountains | Stara Planina (Стара Планина) | Serbian | |
| Belgrade | Beograd (Београд) | Serbian | French name |
| Danube river | Dunav (Дунав) | Serbian | |

### Slovakia

Slovakia Slovensko :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Carpathian Mountains | Karpaty | Slovak | |
| Cassovia | Košice | Slovak | Latin name |
| Danube river | Dunaj | Slovak | |
| Gerlach Peak | Gerlachovský štít | Slovak | |
| Maple Mountains | Javorníky | Slovak | |
| Slovak Ore Mountains | Slovenské rudohorie | Slovak | |

### Slovenia

Slovenia Slovenija :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Carinthia | Koroška | Slovene | |
| Inner Carniola | Notranjska | Slovene | |
| Karawanks | Karavanke | Slovene | |
| Karst | Kras | Slovene | |
| Lower Carniola | Dolenjska | Slovene | |
| Slovene Littoral | Primorska | Slovene | |
| Styria | Štajerska | Slovene | |
| Upper Carniola | Gorenjska | Slovene | |

### Somalia

Somalia Soomaaliya :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Baidoa | Baydhabo | Somali | |
| Chisimaio | Kismaayo | Somali | Obsolete |
| Mogadishu | Muqdisho | Somali | |
| Villabruzzi | Jowhaar | Somali | Dated |

### South Africa

Many South African towns have multiple names due to the number of languages. Additionally, some places have been renamed from English and Afrikaans.
South Africa :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Aliwal North | Maletswai | Sotho | |
| Cape Town | ǁHui!gaeb | Khoekhoe | |
| Cape Town | Kaapstad | Afrikaans | |
| Cape Town | iKapa | Xhosa | |
| Fish Hoek | Vishoek | Afrikaans | |
| Grahamstown | Grahamstad | Afrikaans | Dated in Afrikaans and English |
| Grahamstown | iRhini | Xhosa | |
| Makhanda | iRhini | Xhosa | |
| Queenstown | Komani | Sotho | |
| Simon's Town | Simonstad | Afrikaans | |

### South Korea

South Korea Hanguk (한국) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Liancourt Rocks | Dokdo (독도) | Korean | |
| Port Hamilton | Geomundo (거문도) | Korean | |
| Pusan | Busan (부산시) | Korean | Dated |
| Quelpart | Jeju (제주도) | Korean | Obsolete |

### Spain

English uses Spanish-language exonyms for some places in non-Spanish speaking regions of Spain.
Spain España :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Andalusia | Andalucía | Spanish | |
| Basque Country | País Vasco | Spanish | |
| Basque Country | Euskadi | Basque | |
| Biscay | Bizkaia | Basque | |
| Biscay | Vizcaya | Spanish | |
| Castile | Castilla | Spanish | |
| Catalonia | Catalunya | Catalan | Latin name |
| Corunna | A Coruña | Galician | Obsolete |
| Douro | Duero | Spanish | Portuguese name |
| Majorca | Mallorca | Catalan | Dated |
| Minorca | Menorca | Catalan | Dated |
| Navarre | Nafarroa | Basque | |
| Pampeluna | Pamplona | Spanish | Dated |
| Saragossa | Zaragoza | Spanish | Dated |
| Seville | Sevilla | Spanish | |
| Tagus | Tajo | Spanish | Latin name |
| Teneriffe | Tenerife | Spanish | Obsolete, French name |
| The Groyne | A Coruña | Galician | Obsolete |
| Vittoria | Vitoria-Gasteiz | Compound of the Spanish and Basque names (often used separately) | Dated |
| Vittoria | Vitorixe | Basque form of Spanish name | Dated |

### Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka was known as Ceylon in English until 1972.
Sri Lanka Shri Lanka (ශ්‍රී ලංකා)/ Ilaṅkai (இலங்கை) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Adam's Peak | Civaṉoḷipātam (சிவனொளிபாதம்) Civaṉaṭipātam (சிவனடிபாதம்) | Tamil | |
| Adam's Peak | Śrī Pāda (ශ්‍රී පාද) | Sinhala | |
| Batticaloa | Maṭṭakkaḷappu (மட்டக்களப்பு) | Tamil | |
| Batticaloa | Madakalapuwa (මඩකලපුව) | Sinhala | |
| Chilaw | Cilāpam (சிலாபம்) | Tamil | |
| Chilaw | Halawta (හලාවත) | Sinhala | |
| Colombo | Kolamba (කොළඹ) | Sinhala | |
| Colombo | Koḻumpu (கொழும்பு) | Tamil | |
| Delft | Neṭuntīvu (நெடுந்தீவு) | Tamil | |
| Delft | Ḍelfṭ (ඩෙල්ෆ්ට්) | Sinhala | |
| Elephant Pass | Āṉaiyiṟavu (ஆனையிறவு) | Tamil | |
| Elephant Pass | Alimankada (අලිමංකඩ) | Sinhala | |
| Galle | Galla (ගාල්ල) | Sinhala | |
| Galle | Kāli (காலி) | Tamil | |
| Jaffna | Yāḻppāṇam (யாழ்ப்பாணம்) | Tamil | |
| Jaffna | Yāpanaya (යාපනය) | Sinhala | |
| Kandy | Kaṇṭi (கண்டி) | Tamil | |
| Kandy | Mahanuwara (මහනුවර) | Sinhala | |
| Kayts | Ūrkāvaṟtuṟai (ஊர்காவற்துறை) | Tamil | |
| Kayts | Kayiṭs (කයිට්ස්) | Sinhala | |
| Mutwal | Modara (මෝදර) | Sinhala | |
| Mutwal | Mukattuvāram (முகத்துவாரம்) | Tamil | |
| Negombo | Meegumuwa (මීගමුව) | Sinhala | |
| Negombo | Nirkolompu (நீர்கொழும்பு) | Tamil | |
| Point Pedro | Paruttittuṟai (பருத்தித்துறை) | Tamil | |
| Point Pedro | Pēduru Tuḍuva (පේදුරු තුඩුව) | Sinhala | |
| Pooneryn | Poonakary (பூநகரி) | Tamil | |
| Pooneryn | Pūneriya (පූනෙරිය) | Sinhala | |
| Trincomalee | Tirukōṇamalai (திருகோணமலை) | Tamil | |
| Trincomalee | Thrikunamalaya (ත්‍රිකුණාමළය) | Sinhala | |

### Sudan

Sudan As-Sūdān (السودان) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Khartoum | Al-Ḵurṭūm (الخَرطوم) | Standard Arabic | |
| Khartoum | El-Ḵortūm (الخَرطوم) | Sudanese Arabic | |
| Nile River | An-Nīl (النيل) | Standard Arabic | |
| Nile River | En-Nīl (النيل) | Sudanese Arabic | |
| Omdurman | Omm Dormān (أُم درمان) | Sudanese Arabic | |
| Omdurman | Umm Durmān (أُم درمان) | Standard Arabic | |
| Port Sudan | Burtusudan (بورتسودان) | Standard Arabic | |
| Port Sudan | Bar'uut | Beja |

### Sweden

Sweden Sverige :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Dalecarlia | Dalarna | Elfdalian | Latin name; Swedish name also used |
| Dalecarlia | Dalarna | Swedish | Latin name; Swedish name also used |
| Gothenburg | Göteborg | Swedish | |
| North Bothnia | Norrbotten | Swedish | Swedish name also used |
| Scania | Skåne | Swedish | Latin name |
| The Dales | Dalarna | Elfdalian | Obsolete; translation of Swedish name |
| The Dales | Dalarna | Swedish | Obsolete; translation of Swedish name |
| West Bothnia | Västerbotten | Swedish | Swedish name also used in English |

### Switzerland

Historically, English-language sources borrowed French-language names for some places in German-speaking Switzerland. This is no longer done, and many sources now use German names for most Swiss German-speaking places.
Switzerland Schweiz/ Suisse/ Svizzera/ Svizra :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Basle | Basel | Standard German | Obsolete |
| Berne | Bern | Standard German | Obsolete |
| Geneva | Genève | French | |
| Geneva | Genf | Standard German | |
| Lucerne | Luzern | Standard German | |
| Rhine River | Rhein | Standard German | |
| Valais | Wallis | Standard German | |

### Syria

Syria Sūrīyah (سورية) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Aleppo | Ḥalab (حَلَب) | Standard Arabic | |
| Aleppo | Ḥalab (حَلَب) | Levantine Arabic | |
| Damascus | Dimašq (دِمَشْق) | Standard Arabic | |
| Damascus | Dimaš' (دِمَشْق) | Levantine Arabic | |
| Euphrates River | Al-Furat (الفرات) | Standard Arabic | |
| Homs | Ḥimṣ (حِمْص) | Standard Arabic | |
| Homs | Ḥumṣ (حُمْص) | Levantine Arabic | |
| Palmyra | Tadmur (تَدْمُر) | Standard Arabic | |
| Palmyra | Tadmur (تَدْمُر) | Levantine Arabic | |
| Latakia | Al-Lāḏiqīyah (اللاذقية) | Standard Arabic | |
| Latakia | El-Lādi'iyyeh (اللاذقية) | Levantine Arabic | |

### Thailand

Thailand was known as Siam in English until the Siamese revolution of 1932.
Thailand Prathet Thai (ประเทศไทย) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bangkok | Krung Thep (กรุงเทพ) | Thai | Bangkok was the name of a village built on the west bank of the Chao Phraya river before it grew and became the new capital of Siam, after the fall of Ayutthaya in 1767. The city is called Krung Thep among Thai citizens, but Bangkok among non-Thai citizens. The Thai government has attempted to change the official English name to Krung Thep, but the unofficial name of Bangkok remains in common use. |
| Junk Ceylon | Phuket (ภูเก็ต) | Thai | Obsolete; a corruption of the Malay Tanjung Salang |
| Kanburi | Kanchanaburi (กาญจนบุรี) | Thai | Obsolete |
| Mekong River | Maenam Khong (แม่น้ำโขง) | Thai | |
| Menam | Maenam Chao Praya (แม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา) | Thai | Obsolete |
| Odia | Ayutthaya (อยุธยา) | Thai | Obsolete |
| Singora | Songkhla (สงขลา) | Thai | Obsolete |
| Zimme | Chiang Mai (เชียงใหม่) | Thai | Obsolete |

### Taiwan

The main island of Taiwan is also known in English as Formosa. All Chinese names below are written in traditional characters. As mentioned above in the China section, many place names in Taiwan use either pinyin or Wade-Giles.
Taiwan (臺灣) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Pehoe | Phîⁿ-ô͘ | Hokkien | |
| Pehoe | Penghu (澎湖) | Mandarin | Obsolete, from Min Nan name Phênô |
| Pescadores | Phîⁿ-ô͘ | Hokkien | |
| Pescadores | Penghu (澎湖) | Mandarin | Dated, Portuguese name |
| Quemoy | Kimoi | Hokkien | |
| Quemoy | Kinmen (金門) | Mandarin | Possibly a Spanish or Portuguese transcription of the Zhengzhou Hokkien name for the city, Kim-mûi |

### Tunisia

Tunisia Tūnis (تونس) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Gabès | Gābes (قابس) | Maghrebi Arabic | Pronounced similar to English name |
| Gabès | Qābis (قابس) | Standard Arabic | |
| Sfax | Sifaks (ⵙⵉⴼⴰⴽⵙ) | Berber | |
| Sfax | Ṣfāqes (صفاقس) | Maghrebi Arabic | |
| Sfax | Ṣafaqus (صفاقس) | Standard Arabic | |
| Sousse | Susa | Berber | |
| Sousse | Sūseh (سوسة) | Maghrebi Arabic | |
| Sousse | Sūsah (سوسة) | Standard Arabic | |

### Turkey

Turkey Türkiye :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Adalia | Antalya | Turkish | Dated |
| Adrianople | Edirne | Turkish | Dated |
| Alexandretta | İskenderun | Turkish | Dated |
| Anemurium | Anamur | Turkish | Dated |
| Antioch | Antakya | Turkish | Dated |
| Bosphorus | Boǧaziçi | Turkish | |
| Byzantium | İstanbul | Turkish | Obsolete |
| Caeserea | Kayseri | Turkish | Dated |
| Cappadocia | Kapadokya | Turkish | |
| Claudiopolis | Mut | Turkish | Dated |
| Constantinople | İstanbul | Turkish | Dated |
| Dardanelles | Çanakkale Boǧazı | Turkish | |
| Edessa | (Sanlı)urfa | Turkish | Dated |
| Ephesus | Efes | Turkish | Dated |
| Euphrates River | Fırat | Turkish | |
| Gallipoli | Gelibolu | Turkish | Dated |
| Halicarnassus | Bodrum | Turkish | Dated |
| Heraclea Pontica | Karadeniz Ereǧli | Turkish | Dated |
| Iconium | Konya | Turkish | Dated |
| Imbros | Gökçeada | Turkish | Greek name |
| Istanbul | İstanbul | Turkish | Some consider Istanbul to be an English exonym of İstanbul. Normally spelled without İ in English, even in sources which would otherwise use it. |
| Kerasous | Giresun | Turkish | Dated |
| Laranda | Karaman | Turkish | Dated |
| Magnesia ad Sipylum | Manisa | Turkish | Dated |
| Nicaea | Iznik | Turkish | Dated |
| Nicomedia | Izmit | Turkish | Dated |
| Pergamon | Bergama | Turkish | Dated |
| Philadelphia | Alaşehir | Turkish | Dated |
| Prusa | Bursa | Turkish | Dated |
| Scutari | Üsküdar | Turkish | Dated |
| Seleucia | Silifke | Turkish | Dated |
| Smyrna | İzmir | Turkish | Dated |
| Tenedos | Bozcaada | Turkish | Greek name |
| Thrace | Trakya | Turkish | |
| Tigris River | Dicle | Turkish | |
| Tralles | Aydın | Turkish | Dated |
| Trebizond | Trabzon | Turkish | Dated |
In June 2022, the United Nations agreed to change the country's official name in English as Türkiye at the request of the Turkish government. However, the majority of English speakers still refer to the country as Turkey in daily use.

### Ukraine

Ukraine Ukrayina (Україна) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Black Sea | Chorne (Чорне) | Ukrainian | |
| Carpathian Ruthenia | Karpatska Rus' (Карпатська Русь) | Ukrainian | Historic region |
| Carpathian Ukraine | Karpatska Ukrayina (Карпатська Україна) | Ukrainian | Historic region |
| Chernobyl | Chornobyl (Чорнобиль) | Ukrainian | Russian name |
| Crimea | Krym (Крим) | Ukrainian | Region claimed by Russia, but many nations do not recognize it as part of Russia |
| Danube River | Dunai (Дунай) | Ukrainian | |
| Galicia | Halychyna (Галичина) | Ukrainian | Historic region |
| Gorlovka | Horlivka (Горлівка) | Ukrainian | Archaic, Russian name |
| Kharkov | Kharkiv (Харків) | Ukrainian | Archaic, Russian name |
| Kiev | Kyiv (Київ) | Ukrainian | Russian name; though the Russian endonym Kiev prevailed after the Soviet Union ended in 1991, in the late 2010s media outlets and governments began using Kyiv at the request of the Ukrainian government. |
| Krivoy Rog | Kryvyi Rih (Кривиі Ріг) | Ukrainian | Archaic, Russian name |
| Podolia | Podillia (Поділля) | Ukrainian | Historic region |
| Subcarpathia | Pidkarpattia (Підкарпаття) | Ukrainian | Historic region |
| Subcarpathian Ruthenia, Subcarpathian Rus | Pidkarpatska Rus' (Підкарпатська Русь) | Ukrainian | Historic region |
| Transcarpathia | Zakarpattia (Закарпаття) | Ukrainian | |
| Transcarpathian Ukraine | Zakarpatska Ukrayina (Закарпатська Україна) | Ukrainian | |
| Volhynia | Volyn' (Волинь) | Ukrainian | Historic region |

### United Kingdom

The places listed are where non-English local languages are mainly used or where the non-English names do not regularly correspond to the English one.
United Kingdom :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Aberdovey | Aberdyfi | Welsh | Dated |
| Abergavenny | Y Fenni | Welsh | |
| Achmore | An t-Acha Mòr | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Aird of Sleat | Àird Shlèite | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Alexandria | Magh Leamhna | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Ammanford | Rhydaman | Welsh | |
| Anglesey | Ynys Môn | Welsh | |
| Applecross | A'Chomraich | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Ardvasar | Àird a Bhàsair | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Arinagour | Àirigh na Gobhar | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bala Lake | Llyn Tegid | Welsh | |
| Balivanich | Baile a Mhanaich | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Ballygrant | Baile a Ghràna | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bardsey Island | Ynys Enlli | Welsh | |
| Barmouth | Abermaw or Y Bermo | Welsh | |
| Barra | Barraigh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Barvas | Barabhas | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bayble | Pabail | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bearsden | Cille Phàdraig Ùr | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Kilpatrick |
| Beauly | A'Mhanachainn | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Beaumaris | Biwmaris | Welsh | |
| Benbecula | Beinn na Fadhla | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bernisdale | Beàrnasdal | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bishopbriggs | Coille Dobhair | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Cadder |
| Bonvilston | Tresimwn | Welsh | |
| Borrowstounness (Bo'ness) | Ceann an Fhàil | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Kinneil |
| Bowmore | Bogh Mòr | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bracadale | Bracadal | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Brecknockshire nowadays usually Breconshire | Brycheiniog | Welsh | |
| Brecon | Aberhonddu | Welsh | |
| Brecon Beacons | Bannau Brycheiniog | Welsh | |
| Bridgend (Scotland) | Beul an Àtha | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bridgend (Wales) | Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr | Welsh | |
| Breasclete | Breascleit | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Broadford | An t-Àth Leathann | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Buckley | Bwcle | Welsh | |
| Builth Wells | Llanfair-ym-Muallt | Welsh | |
| Caerleon | Caerllion | Welsh | |
| Ca(e)rnavon | Caernarfon | Welsh | Dated |
| Cairngorms | Am Monadh Ruadh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Cairnryan | Machair An Sgithich, Cairn Rioghainne | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Callinish | Calanais | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Caldey Island | Ynys Bŷr | Welsh | |
| Calgary | Calgarraidh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Camastianavaig | Camas Dìonabhaig | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Campbeltown | Ceann Loch Chille Chiaran | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Cardiff | Caerdydd | Welsh | |
| Cardigan | Aberteifi | Welsh | |
| Carinish | Càirinis | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Carloway | Càrlabhag | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Carmarthen | Caerfyrddin | Welsh | |
| Castlebay | Bàgh a Chaisteal | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Cardiganshire | Ceredigion | Welsh | Dated |
| Chepstow | Cas-gwent | Welsh | |
| Chirk | Y Waun | Welsh | |
| Cleadale | Clèadail | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Coll | Cola | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Colonsay | Colbhasa | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Conway | Conwy | Welsh | Dated |
| Cowbridge | Y Bont-faen | Welsh | |
| Craighouse | Taigh na Creige | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Craignure | Craig an Iobhar | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Daliburgh | Dalabrog | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Denbigh | Dinbych | Welsh | |
| Devil's Bridge | Pontarfynach | Welsh | |
| Dingwall | Inbhir Pheofharain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Dolgelley | Dolgellau | Welsh | Dated |
| Dufftown | Baile Bhainidh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Dunvegan | Dùn Bheagain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Ebbw Vale | Glyn Ebwy | Welsh | |
| Edinbane | An t-Aodann Bàn | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Eigg | Eige | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Elgol | Ealaghol | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Eriskay | Èirisgeigh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Fishguard | Abergwaun | Welsh | |
| Flint | Y Fflint | Welsh | |
| Flowerdale | Am Baile Mòr | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Fort Augustus | Cille Chuimein | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Kilwhimin |
| Fort William | An Gearasdan | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Fortrose | A' Chananaich | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Glamorgan | Morgannwg | Welsh | |
| Goodwick | Wdig | Welsh | |
| Gower Peninsula | Gŵyr | Welsh | |
| Great Orme | Y Gogarth | Welsh | |
| Harlosh | Hèarrlois | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Harris | Na Hearadh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Haverfordwest | Hwlffordd | Welsh | |
| Hawarden | Penarlâg | Welsh | |
| Hay-on-Wye | Y Gelli Gandryll informally Y Gelli | Welsh | |
| Holyhead | Caergybi | Welsh | |
| Holywell | Treffynnon | Welsh | |
| Holywood, Dumfriesshire | Doire Chonaill | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Dercongal |
| Howmore | Tobha Mòr | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Iona | Ì Chaluim Chille | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Islay | Ìle | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Isle of Lewis | Leodhas | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Isle of Mull | Muile | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Isle of Skye | Sgitheneach | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Isleornsay | Eilean Iarmain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Jura | Diùra | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Kincardineshire | A' Mhaorainn | Scottish Gaelic | Sometimes called The Mearns |
| Knighton | Tref-y-clawdd | Welsh | |
| Kyleakin | Caol Àcain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Kylerhea | Caol Reatha | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Lampeter | Llanbedr Pont Steffan | Welsh | |
| Laurencekirk | Coinmheadh | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Conveth |
| Laxdale | Lacadal | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Leurbost | Liùrbost | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Leverburgh | An t-Òbh | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Obbe |
| Linlithgow | Gleann Iucha | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Llandovery | Llanymddyfri | Welsh | |
| Llantwit Major | Llanilltud Fawr | Welsh | |
| Lochboisdale | Loch Baghasdail | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Lochmaddy | Loch nam Madadh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Lochnagar | Beinn Chìochan | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Menai Bridge | Porthaethwy | Welsh | |
| Menai Strait | Afon Menai | Welsh | Welsh name means "River Menai" |
| Merionethshire | Meirionydd | Welsh | |
| Milford Haven | Aberdaugleddau | Welsh | |
| Milovaig | Miolabhaig | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Mold | Yr Wyddgrug | Welsh | |
| Monmouth | Trefynwy | Welsh | |
| Monmouthshire | Sir Fynwy | Welsh | |
| Montgomeryshire | Trefaldwyn | Welsh | |
| Mountain Ash | Aberpennar | Welsh | |
| Muck | Muc | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Neath | Castell-nedd | Welsh | |
| Newbridge | Trecelyn | Welsh | |
| Newport | Casnewydd | Welsh | |
| Newtonferry | Port nan Long | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Newtown | Y Drenewydd | Welsh | |
| Northop | Llaneurgain | Welsh | |
| Orsay | Orasaigh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Pembrokeshire | Penfro | Welsh | |
| Pont Neath Vaughan | Pontneddfechan | Welsh | Dated |
| Port Askaig | Port Asgaig | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Port Charlotte | Port Sgioba | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Port Dinorwic | Y Felinheli | Welsh | Dated |
| Port Ellen | Port Ìlain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Port of Ness | Port Nis | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Portmadoc | Porthmadog | Welsh | Dated |
| Portnaguran | Port nan Giùran | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Portnahaven | Port na-hAbhainn | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Portree | Port Righ | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Presteigne | Llanadras | Welsh | |
| Puffin Island | Ynys Seiriol | Welsh | |
| Raasay | Ratharsair | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Radnor; Radnorshire | Maesyfed; Sir Maesyfed | Welsh | |
| Rhymney | Rhymni | Welsh | |
| River Forth | An Abhainn Dubh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| River Severn | Hafren | Welsh | |
| River Towy | Afon Tywi | Welsh | |
| River Usk | Afon Wysg | Welsh | |
| River Wye | Afon Gwy | Welsh | |
| Rodel | Roghadal | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Rothesay | Baile Bhòid | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Saint Asaph | Llanelwy | Welsh | |
| Saint David's | Tyddewi | Welsh | |
| Saint Kilda | Hiort | Scottish Gaelic | Main island called Hirta |
| Salen | An t-Sàilean | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Scalpay | Sgalpaigh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Scarinish | Sgarainis | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Scotland | Alba | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Skigersta | Sgiogarstaigh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Snowdon | Yr Wyddfa | Welsh | |
| Snowdonia | Eryri | Welsh | |
| Soay | Sòdhaigh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| South Queensferry | Cas Chaolais | Scottish Gaelic | Formerly Caschillis |
| Staffa | Stafa | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Stein | Steinn | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Stoneybridge | Staoinebrig | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Stornoway | Steòrnabhagh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Swansea | Abertawe | Welsh | |
| Tain | Baile Dubhthaich | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Tarbert | Tairbeart | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Tarskavaig | Tarsgabhaig | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Tenby | Dynbich-y-pysgod | Welsh | |
| The Cobbler | Beinn Artair | Scottish Gaelic | Also called Ben Arthur |
| Tigharry | Taigh a'Gherraidh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Tintern | Dindyrn | Welsh | |
| Tiree | Tiriodh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Tobermory | Tobar Mhoire | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Torrin | Na Torrain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Troon | An Truthail | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Towyn | Tywyn | Welsh | Dated |
| Uist | Uibhist | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Ulva | Ulbha | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Usk | Brynbuga | Welsh | |
| Vale of Glamorgan | Bro Morgannwg | Welsh | |
| Vatersay | Bhatarsaigh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Wishaw | Camasneachdain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Wales | Cymru | Welsh | |
| Welshpool | Y Trallwng | Welsh | |
| Whitland | Hendy-gwyn | Welsh | |
| Wrexham | Wrecsam | Welsh | |

### United States

Several places in the United States have additional names in various Native languages.
United States :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Allegheny River | Ohi:'i:o | Seneca | |
| Mount McKinley | Denali | Koyukon | See Denali-Mount McKinley naming dispute |
| Mount Rainier | Tacoma | Salish | |
| Red House | Joë'hesta | Seneca | |

### Vietnam

All cities and towns are often spelled without diacritics; names without them are not listed here.
Vietnam Việt Nam :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Annamite Range | Dãy Trường Sơn | Vietnamese | |
| Black River | Sông Đà | Vietnamese | |
| Faifo | Hội An | Vietnamese | Obsolete |
| Fansipan | Phan Xi Păng | Vietnamese | |
| Ha Long Bay | Vịnh Hạ Long | Vietnamese | |
| Ho Chi Minh City | Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh | Vietnamese | |
| Marble Mountains | Ngũ Hành Sơn | Vietnamese | Vietnamese name means "Five Elements Mountains" |
| Mekong River | Sông Mê Kông / Sông Cửu Long | Vietnamese | |
| Perfume River | Sông Hương | Vietnamese | Vietnamese name means "Fragrant River" |
| Red River | Sông Hồng | Vietnamese | |
| West Lake | Hồ Tây | Vietnamese | |

### Yemen

Yemen al-Yaman (ٱلْيَمَنْ) :
| English name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Socotra | Suquṭrā (سُقُطْرَىٰ) | Standard Arabic | |
| Socotra | Saqatri (ساقطري) | Soqotri | |