# Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)

15°47′59″S 47°51′51″W﻿ / ﻿15.79972°S 47.86417°W﻿ / -15.79972; -47.86417
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.

## Structure

The number of deputies elected is proportional to the size of the population of the respective state (or of the Federal District) as of 1994. However, no delegation can be made up of less than eight or more than seventy seats. Thus the least populous state elects eight federal deputies and the most populous elects seventy. These restrictions favour the smaller states at the expense of the more populous states and so the size of the delegations is not exactly proportional to population.
Elections to the Chamber of Deputies are held every four years, with all seats up for election.

## Federal representation

A census held every 10 years by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics is used as the basis for the distribution of the seats. Proportionality is followed as a principle, with the exception that there should be a minimum of eight (8) members and a maximum of seventy (70) members per state. Per the 2010 census, states with 3,258,117 inhabitants upwards have 9 to 70 deputies.
As a result, although most states hover around an average of 362,013 inhabitants by deputy (per the 2010 census), some states with smaller populations have a much lower average, such as Roraima (1 for 51,000 inhabitants).
| Federal state | Deputies currently allotted | % | Population (2010 Census) | % | Population per deputy | Deputies in proportional allotment | Difference (actual−proportional) |
| São Paulo | 70 | 13.6% | 39,924,091 | 21.5% | 570,344 | 110 | –40 |
| Minas Gerais | 53 | 10.3% | 19,159,260 | 10.3% | 361,495 | 53 | 0 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 46 | 9% | 15,180,636 | 8.2% | 330,014 | 42 | +4 |
| Bahia | 39 | 7.6% | 13,633,969 | 7.3% | 349,589 | 38 | +1 |
| Rio Grande do Sul | 31 | 6% | 10,576,758 | 5.7% | 341,186 | 29 | +2 |
| Paraná | 30 | 5.8% | 10,226,737 | 5.5% | 340,891 | 28 | +2 |
| Pernambuco | 25 | 4.9% | 8,541,250 | 4.6% | 341,650 | 24 | +1 |
| Ceará | 22 | 4.3% | 8,450,527 | 4.4% | 371,822 | 23 | –1 |
| Maranhão | 18 | 3.5% | 6,424,340 | 3.5% | 356,908 | 18 | 0 |
| Goiás | 17 | 3.3% | 5,849,105 | 3.1% | 344,065 | 16 | +1 |
| Pará | 17 | 3.3% | 7,443,904 | 4.0% | 437,877 | 21 | –4 |
| Santa Catarina | 16 | 3.1% | 6,178,603 | 3.3% | 386,163 | 17 | –1 |
| Paraíba | 12 | 2.3% | 3,753,633 | 2.0% | 312,803 | 10 | +2 |
| Espírito Santo | 10 | 1.9% | 3,392,775 | 1.8% | 339,278 | 9 | +1 |
| Piauí | 10 | 1.9% | 3,086,448 | 1.7% | 308,645 | 9 | +1 |
| Alagoas | 9 | 1.7% | 3,093,994 | 1.7% | 343,777 | 9 | 0 |
| Acre | 8 | 1.6% | 707,125 | 0.4% | 88,391 | 2 | +6 |
| Amazonas | 8 | 1.6% | 3,350,773 | 1.8% | 418,847 | 9 | –1 |
| Amapá | 8 | 1.6% | 648,553 | 0.3% | 81,069 | 2 | +6 |
| Distrito Federal | 8 | 1.6% | 2,469,489 | 1.3% | 308,686 | 7 | +1 |
| Mato Grosso do Sul | 8 | 1.6% | 2,404,256 | 1.3% | 300,532 | 7 | +1 |
| Mato Grosso | 8 | 1.6% | 2,954,625 | 1.6% | 369,328 | 8 | 0 |
| Rio Grande do Norte | 8 | 1.6% | 3,121,451 | 1.7% | 390,181 | 9 | –1 |
| Rondônia | 8 | 1.6% | 1,535,625 | 0.8% | 191,953 | 4 | +4 |
| Roraima | 8 | 1.6% | 425,398 | 0.2% | 53,175 | 1 | +7 |
| Sergipe | 8 | 1.6% | 2,036,227 | 1.1% | 254,528 | 6 | +2 |
| Tocantins | 8 | 1.6% | 1,373,551 | 0.7% | 171,694 | 4 | +4 |
| Total | 513 | 100% | 185,712,713 | 100% | 362,013 | 514 | –2 |

## Present composition

Parties and Federations in the 57th Chamber of Deputies :
| Party | Floor leader | Seats |
| Liberal Party | Sóstenes Cavalcante | 92 |
| Brazil of Hope Federation | Lindbergh Farias | 80 |
| Brazil Union | Pedro Lucas Fernandes | 59 |
| Progressistas | Luiz Teixeira Jr. | 50 |
| Brazilian Democratic Movement | Isnaldo Bulhões | 44 |
| Social Democratic Party | Antonio Brito | 44 |
| Republicans | Gilberto Abramo | 44 |
| Democratic Labour Party | Afonso Motta | 18 |
| PSDB Cidadania Federation | Adolfo Viana | 17 |
| Brazilian Socialist Party | Pedro Campos | 15 |
| Podemos | Rodrigo Gambale | 14 |
| PSOL REDE Federation | Talíria Petrone | 14 |
| Avante | Luis Tibé | 7 |
| Democratic Renewal Party | Fred Costa | 5 |
| Solidarity | Aureo Ribeiro | 5 |
| New Party | Adriana Ventura | 4 |
| Unaffiliated | — | 1 |
| Total | Total | 513 |

### Partisan blocs composition

Partisan bloc leadership is organized into the following roles:
* Government Leader: elected by members of the party of the Cabinet in the Chamber to speak on behalf of the Cabinet
* Majority Leader: elected by the leaders of the majority bloc in the Chamber, usually in support of the Cabinet
* Opposition Leader: elected by the members of the largest party in opposition to the Cabinet
* Minority Leader: elected by the leaders of the minority bloc, usually in opposition to the Cabinet
| Bloc | Leader |
| Government | José Guimarães (PT-CE) |
| Majority | André Figueiredo (PDT-CE) |
| Opposition | Luciano Zucco (PL-RS) |
| Minority | Caroline de Toni (PL-SC) |

## Bodies

The House of Deputies is composed of the Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil by College Leaders and the Commissions, which can be permanent, temporary, or special inquiry.

### Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil

The current composition of the Board of the Chamber of Deputies is the following:
President: Hugo Motta (Republicans-PB) 1st vice president: Altineu Côrtes (PL-RJ)
2nd vice president: Elmar Nascimento (UNIÃO-BA)
1st secretary: Carlos Veras (PT-PE)
2nd secretary: Lula da Fonte (PP-PE)
3rd secretary: Katarina Santana (PSD-SE)
4th secretary: Sergio Souza (MDB-PR)
1st substitute: Antonio Carlos Rodrigues (PL-SP)
2nd substitute: Paulo Folletto (PSB-ES)
3rd substitute: Victor Linhalis (Podemos-ES)
4th substitute: Paulo Alexandre Barbosa (PSDB-SP)

### Standing committees

On 6 March 2012, was defined division of committees between parties. The House President, Marco Maia, believes that the proportionality between the parties / blocs must take into account the data of the last election. Thus, PT and PMDB, with the highest benches, were three committees (the PT made the choice first). DEM and PSDB, the two largest opposition, were two commissions each. On the other hand, PSD, most harmed by this decision, filed a lawsuit in the Supreme Court (STF) trying to reverse this decision.
The chair of the committee, was defined as follows:
| Committee | Chair |
| Administration and Public Service | Waldemar Oliveira (Avante-PE) |
| Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development | Evair de Melo (PP-ES) |
| Amazon and Originary and Traditional People | Dilvanda Faro (PT-PA) |
| Communication | Silas Câmara (Republicans-AM) |
| Consumer Defence | Fabio Schiochet (UNIÃO-SC) |
| Constitution, Justice and Citizenship | Caroline de Toni (PL-SC) |
| Culture | Aliel Machado (PV-PR) |
| Defense of Women Rights | Ana Pimentel (PT-MG) |
| Defense of Elderly Rights | Pedro Aihara (PRD-MG) |
| Defense of People with Disabilities Rights | Weliton Prado (Solidariedade-MG) |
| Economic Development | Danilo Forte (UNIÃO-CE) |
| Education | Nikolas Ferreira (PL-MG) |
| Environment and Sustainable Development | Rafael Prudente (MDB-DF) |
| Ethics and Parliamentary Decorum | Leur Lomanto Júnior (UNIÃO-BA) |
| Finances and Taxation | Mário Negromonte Jr. (PP-BA) |
| Financial Oversight and Control | Joseildo Ramos (PT-BA) |
| Foreign Affairs and National Defense | Lucas Redecker (PSDB-RS) |
| Health | Francisco Costa (PT-PI) |
| Human Rights, Minorities and Racial Equality | Daiana Santos (PCdoB-RS) |
| Industry, Trade and Services | Josenildo Abrantes (PDT-AP) |
| Labour | Lucas Ramos (PSB-PE) |
| Mines and Energy | Júnior Ferrari (PSD-PA) |
| National Integration and Regional Development | José Rocha (UNIÃO-BA) |
| Participative Legislation | Glauber Braga (PSOL-RJ) |
| Public Security and Fight Against Organized Crime | Alberto Fraga (PL-DF) |
| Roads and Transports | Gilberto Abramo (Republicans-MG) |
| Science, Technology and Innovation | Nely Aquino (Podemos-MG) |
| Social Security, Social Assistance, Childhood, Adolescence and Family | Francisco Eurico (PL-PE) |
| Sports | Antonio Carlos Rodrigues (PL-SP) |
| Tourism | Paulo Litro (PSD-PR) |
| Urban Development | Eunício Oliveira (MDB-CE) |