OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# VIDC1

The VIDC1 was a Video Display Controller chip created as an accompanying chip to the ARM CPU used in Acorn Archimedes computer systems. Its successor, the VIDC20, was later used in RiscPCs.

## Video

The VIDC1 offers colour depths of 1, 2, 4 or eight bits per colour, allowing for 2, 4, 16 and 256 colour displays (the VIDC20 can offer up to approximately 16 million colours). A colour lookup table or palette register set of 16 12-bit words was provided, offering a range of 4096 colours for each of the colours in those displays or modes employing up to 16 colours. The 12 bits were split in three 4-bit RGB values, with a 4-bit high speed D/A converter for each of the three primary colours. However, in 256 colour modes, 4 bits of the colour data were hardware derived and could not be adjusted. The net result was 256 colours, covering a range of the 4096 available colours.
Since the device had no horizontal sync interrupt, it was difficult to display additional colours by changing the palette for each scan line, but not impossible, thanks to the 2 MHz IOC timer 1. Many demos managed to display 4096 colours on screen, or in a sense more through dithering.
The timing generator was fully programmable, and could be clocked with an 8 to 24 MHz clock. Resolutions that could be supported were 1024×1024 in monochrome, 640×512 in 16 colours, or 640×256 in 256 colours.
It had also one hardware 32-pixel wide sprite with unlimited height (by default used for the mouse pointer), where each pixel is coded in two bits: value 0 is for transparency, and the three others are freely chosen from the 4096 colour palette.
Acorn also used the VIDC chip in its laser printer interface module, which featured in its Technical Publishing System solution. The VIDC was used to generate a high-resolution monochrome signal driven by "a gated form of the synchronised laser dot clock", assisted by a proprietary video laser interface chip, VLASER6. In the Technical Publishing System, the module was "configured specifically to drive a 300 dpi Canon CX/SX print engine directly". Unlike conventional video, each raster line produced by the print engine effectively corresponded to a single video frame having only a single scanline, with vertical synchronisation occurring repeatedly over the course of generating a single page. An A4 page could have a resolution of 2432 dots horizontally, reproduced in 3440 lines vertically, requiring a total of over 8 million pixels.

## Sound

The VIDC also supported eight-channel stereo logarithmic 8-bit PWM sound.
# List of World War II aces from China

This is a list of fighter aces in World War II from the Republic of China.

## W

* John Wong Pan-yang – an American aviator who volunteered to serve in the Chinese Air Force in the looming war against the Japanese
* John "Buffalo" Huang Xinrui – an American aviator who volunteered to serve in the Chinese Air Force in the looming war against the Japanese
# Tim Kramer

Douglas Murrell Cooper (February 2, 1958 – April 16, 1992), known professionally as Tim Kramer, was a gay porn star, escort and health business owner best known for his role in the 1983 homoerotic film Gayracula.

## Early life

Douglas Cooper was born on February 2, 1958, in Milton, Cabell County, West Virginia. Later, he attended high school in Columbus, Ohio, and upon graduation moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where he began to model for Target Studios.

## Career

Later, he moved to San Francisco, where he continued his career working for Falcon Studios. Among the early films he appeared are Ship Shape and Blackout for Target Studios and Biker Liberty for Falcon Studios. During the late seventies and early eighties, he made about a dozen feature-length films including Big Summer Surprise, Style, Giants II, Gayracula, I Do, Tony's Initiation, Men of the Midway, Heroes, Trick Time, Sun Stroke, and New Zealand Undercovers.

## Filmography

* Style (1981)
* Biker's Liberty (1982)
* Pegasus (1982)
* Biker's Liberty: Big Summer Surprise (1983)
* Giants II (1983)
* Gayracula (1983)
* Men of the Midway (1983)
* Tony's Initiation (1983)
* I Do (1984)
* Heroes (1984)
* Trick Time (1984)
* Sun Stroke (1986)
* New Zealand Undercovers (1987)
* Young Men Of The 80's 2 (2002, released posthumously)

## Later life and death

In a 1988 Advocate interview, Cooper spoke openly of the escort service he ran in Hollywood for many years: "That's where I made most of the money. I don't do drugs or liquor, so I used the (film) business to build up my name, so I could charge more money on the side in my escort service." He attempted to invest his earnings in a solar installation company but that never took off. In time parlayed into a partnership with fellow skin star Ron Pearson to found Pegasus Productions. The partnership produced only one film, Pegasus which featured the founders. By the late 1980s, Cooper made fewer films and concentrated most of his energy on a health food store in West Hollywood. It was during this time he was diagnosed HIV+, and he commented thus: "I'm in a business now that's health oriented. We're an AIDS support group, promote safe sex, and are here to try and give something back to the community and help people who are HIV+ or have AIDS. So I can't be involved in unsafe sex in front of a camera, because that says it's okay. It would make me look like a hypocrite."
Kramer died on April 16, 1992, at Doctors Hospital North in Columbus, Ohio. The cause of death was listed as AIDS complications. He is buried in the Chestnut Grove Baptist Church Cemetery, Cabell County, West Virginia.
# Westkust

Westkust was a Swedish rock band from Gothenburg, Sweden. Formed in 2010, the band originally consisted of Julia Bjernelind (vocals), Brian Cukrowski (guitar), Philip Söderlind (drums) and Rikard Hjort (bass) before being joined by Makthaverskan members Gustav Andersson (guitar/vocals) and Hugo Randulv (bass/guitar) the following year.
The band put out two albums: Last Forever (2015) and Westkust (2019), undergoing significant lineup changes in between as Hjort, Andersson and Randulv all departed. On 7 January 2023, Westkust announced its breakup on Facebook.

## History

Westkust began in 2010 without a consistent lineup or sound. In 2011, the band added Hugo Randulv and Gustav Andersson of the post-punk band Makthaverskan and finalized their lineup. They released their first EP, titled Junk EP in 2012 via Luxury. The following year, they released a 7" titled Summer 3D/Weekends.
On 2 March 2015, Westkust premiered their single Swirl from their then upcoming debut studio album. The album, titled Last Forever, was released on April 22, 2015, in Scandinavia and was released in the United States on July 10, 2015, via Run for Cover. The band began writing their second album in 2016, but Hjort first left the band followed by both Makthaverskan members Andersson and Randulv. The band replaced them with guitarist Brian Cukrowski and bassist Pär Carlsson, with Bjernelind becoming the band's sole vocalist and also playing guitar. Westkust's self-titled second album was released on 1 March 2019 via Run for Cover as its first label Luxury Records disintegrated.
On 7 January 2023, the band announced that it had broken up on Facebook.

## Band members
### Final lineup

* Julia Bjernelind — vocals, guitar (2010–2023)
* Philip Söderlind — drums (2010–2023)
* Brian Cukrowski — guitar (2010–2011, 2019–2023)
* Pär Carlsson — bass (2019–2023)

### Former members

* Rikard Hjort — guitar, bass (2010–2016)
* Gustav Andersson — vocals, guitar (2011–2016)
* Hugo Randulv — guitar, bass (2011–2016)

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Last Forever (2015, Luxury and Run For Cover)
* Westkust (2019, Run For Cover)

### EPs and singles

* "Junk EP" (2012, Luxury)
* "Summer 3D" / "Weekends" (2013, Luxury)
# Halsey House (Southampton, New York)

The Halsey House is a historic house converted into a museum, in Southampton, New York. It was built circa 1683 by Thomas Halsey Jr., the son of pioneer Thomas Halsey Sr.
The house has been restored, and is open to the public as a museum. It is filled with many of the same items that were owned by Thomas Halsey's family and other relics. The collection on display includes 17th- and 18th-century furnishings, a Dominy clock, and a rare 16th-century Breeches Bible, this version speaks of Adam and Eve wearing "breeches made of fig leaves." The Halsey estate in Southampton, New York, includes herb and flower gardens and an orchard that are overseen by the Southampton Colonial Society.
The Halsey House is also a common gathering place for social events and a variety of programs open to the public.
# Honiatycze

Honiatycze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Werbkowice, within Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Werbkowice, 21 km (13 mi) south-west of Hrubieszów, and 98 km (61 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
The village is divided into a number of hamlets: Darmocha, Karczunek, Niemirówka, Wygon, and Zagrobla.
# Rajaram Shastri

Raja Ram Shastri (also Rajaram Shastri) (4 June 1904 – 21 August 1991) was an Indian educationist who was elected in the 1971 Indian general election as a member of parliament (MP) from Varanasi during the 5th Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. He was a professor and subsequently Vice-Chancellor of the Kashi Vidyapeeth from 1964 – 1971. He was a member of Jamalpur's royal family as the grandson of Rai Bahadur Thakur Jaiswal.
He served as a member of first National Commission on Labour and received Padma Vibhushan in 1991, the second highest civilian honor of India.
He died in New Delhi on 21 August 1991, aged 87.
# USS Grampus (SS-4)

USS Grampus (SS-4), a Plunger-class submarine later named A-3, was the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for a member of the dolphin family, Grampus griseus.
Her keel was laid down on 10 December 1900 at San Francisco, California, by Union Iron Works, a subcontractor for the Holland Torpedo Boat Company of New York City. She was launched on 31 July 1902 sponsored by Mrs. Marley F. Hay, wife of the Superintendent of Construction at Union Iron Works. She was tested at the Holland Torpedo Boat Station.
Her christening was marred by a failure of the ribbon from which the champagne was hung, leading some sailors to believe she was cursed.
The boat was commissioned at the Mare Island Navy Yard on 28 May 1903 with Lieutenant Arthur MacArthur III (brother of General Douglas MacArthur) in command.
Over the next three and a half years, Grampus operated out of the San Francisco, California, area, principally in training and experimental work. On 18 April 1906, men from her crew participated in relief efforts after the devastating San Francisco earthquake of 1906. Decommissioned at Mare Island on 28 November, Grampus remained inactive until recommissioned on 13 June 1908. Subsequently assigned to the First Submarine Division, Pacific Torpedo Flotilla, in January 1910, and to the Pacific Fleet in March 1911, the submarine torpedo boat operated locally off the California coast until assigned to the Pacific Reserve Fleet on 28 June 1912. Toward the end of her active service, on 17 November 1911, Grampus was renamed A-3.
A-3 remained inactive, at the Puget Sound Navy Yard into 1915. On 16 February 1915, she was hoisted onto the collier Hector, which sailed soon thereafter for the Philippines with A-3 and her sister ship, A-5 (ex-Pike), as deck cargo. Hector arrived at Olongapo, site of the Subic Bay Naval Base, on 26 March, and returned A-3 to the water 10 April.
Commissioned at Olongapo a week later, on 17 April, A-3 was assigned to the First Submarine Division, Torpedo Flotilla, Asiatic Fleet, and remained in active service with that unit until decommissioned at Cavite on 25 July 1921. During World War I, A-3 patrolled the waters off the entrance to Manila Bay. On 17 July 1920, A-3 was given the hull number SS-4.
Dismantled and used as a target by ships of the Asiatic Fleet, A-3 was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 16 January 1922.
# Burbach Block

The Burbach Block is a historic commercial and retail block at 1113–1115 Main Street in Springfield, Massachusetts. Built in 1882, it is one of a series of buildings marking the area's transition from a smaller-scale residential service area to the commercial downtown. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## Description and history

The Burbach Block is located near the southern end of the built-up commercial downtown area of Springfield. It is on the north side of Main Street, at the southern end of a row of three commercial buildings: the Bangs Block and McKinney Building also occupy the block demarcated by Crossett Lane and Cross Street. The Burbach Block is three stories in height, built of red brick, and is separated from Cross Street by a narrow park. It is five bays wide, with a single modern commercial storefront on the ground floor. Stone beltcourses substitute for window sills and lintels on the upper levels, and patterned brickwork is found above each of those levels. Its facade is topped by a brickwork parapet with corbelled square posts at the corners.
The building was built in 1882 for Gerard Burbach, proprietor of an adjacent hotel, which was demolished in 1915 as part of a project to widen Cross Street. It may have acted as an annex for the hotel in its early years; the hotel, founded in the 1850s, was at its height in the 1890s. In the 20th century, this building has seen a number of uses including furniture store, dry goods dealer, and restaurant.
# 2015 Vietnamese National U-17 Football Championship

The 2015 Vietnamese National U17 Football Championship is the 12th edition of the Vietnamese National U17 Football Championship, the annual youth football tournament organised by the Vietnam Football Federation (VFF) for male players under-17

## Qualification
### Qualified teams

| Team | Qualified as |
| TP Hồ Chí Minh | Hosts |
| Viettel | Group A Winner |
| Sông Lam Nghệ An | Group B Winner |
| Sanatech Khánh Hòa | Group C Winner |
| Quảng Ngãi | Group C Runner-up |
| PVF | Group D Winner |
| Đồng Tháp | Group E Winner |
| An Giang | Group E Runner-up |

## Venue

Two football stadiums were hosted matches of the football competition:
Ho Chi Minh City :
| Thống Nhất Stadium | District 8 Stadium |
| Capacity: 25,000 | Capacity: n/a |

## Group stage
### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Viettel | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | +4 | 7 |
| Quảng Ngãi | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | +2 | 7 |
| Pelimex Đồng Tháp | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 | −1 | 3 |
| TP Hồ Chí Minh | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 6 | −5 | 0 |

### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| PVF | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | +17 | 9 |
| Sông Lam Nghệ An | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| Sanatech Khánh Hòa | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 8 | −6 | 1 |
| An Giang | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 13 | −11 | 1 |
# Honiatycze-Kolonia

Honiatycze-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Werbkowice, within Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.
# Efficient frontier

In modern portfolio theory, the efficient frontier (or portfolio frontier) is an investment portfolio which occupies the "efficient" parts of the risk–return spectrum. Formally, it is the set of portfolios which satisfy the condition that no other portfolio exists with a higher expected return but with the same standard deviation of return (i.e., the risk). The efficient frontier was first formulated by Harry Markowitz in 1952; see Markowitz model.

## Overview

A combination of assets, i.e. a portfolio, is referred to as "efficient" if it has the best possible expected level of return for its level of risk (which is represented by the standard deviation of the portfolio's return). Here, every possible combination of risky assets can be plotted in risk–expected return space, and the collection of all such possible portfolios defines a region in this space. In the absence of the opportunity to hold a risk-free asset, this region is the opportunity set (the feasible set). The positively sloped (upward-sloped) top boundary of this region is a portion of a hyperbola, and is called the "efficient frontier".
If a risk-free asset is also available, the opportunity set is larger, and its upper boundary, the efficient frontier, is a straight line segment emanating from the vertical axis at the value of the risk-free asset's return and tangent to the risky-assets-only opportunity set. All portfolios between the risk-free asset and the tangency portfolio are portfolios composed of risk-free assets and the tangency portfolio, while all portfolios on the linear frontier above and to the right of the tangency portfolio are generated by borrowing at the risk-free rate and investing the proceeds into the tangency portfolio.
Among certain universes of assets, academics have found that the efficient frontier (the Markowitz model, more broadly) has been susceptible to issues such as model instability where, for example, the reference assets have a high degree of correlation.
# Assistant commissioner of police

Assistant commissioner or assistant commissioner of police (ACP) is a rank used in various police forces.

## Australia

In all Australian police forces, assistant commissioner is the rank below deputy commissioner. It is senior to the rank of commander in the South Australia Police and Victoria Police, superintendent in the Western Australia Police and NSW Police Force, and chief superintendent in the Queensland Police Service. In all services, the insignia consists of crossed tipstaves within a wreath.

## Bangladesh

In the Bangladesh Police, assistant commissioner of police is the entry-level post for cadre officers posted in metropolitan areas, equivalent to assistant superintendent of police in other areas.

## Canada

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police has 26 officers with the rank and it is the third highest rank in the command structure of the force.

## Hong Kong

The Hong Kong Police Force has the ranks of assistant commissioner of police (ACP) and senior assistant commissioner of police (SACP).

## India

In the Indian police, assistant commissioner of police is only used in metropolitan areas and is equivalent to deputy superintendent of police in other areas. Officers of this rank may belong to the state police services. The rank insignia is three silver stars over the name of the state in which they are working without a red or blue strip.

## Ireland

In the Garda Síochána, the Republic of Ireland's national police force, the rank of assistant commissioner is between chief superintendent and deputy commissioner.

## New Zealand

In the New Zealand Police, the rank of assistant commissioner is junior to the rank of deputy commissioner and is senior to the rank of superintendent. It is the highest rank that can be achieved by a sworn member without statutory appointment. There are currently five assistant commissioners. The rank insignia is three stars in a triangle shape with a single crown above.

## Papua New Guinea

In Papua New Guinea, assistant commissioner is the rank between chief superintendent and deputy commissioner.

## Singapore

In the Singapore Police Force, the rank may be held by staff department heads or directors.

## United Kingdom

Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis (AC) is the third highest rank in the London Metropolitan Police, ranking between deputy assistant commissioner and Deputy Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis. The assistant commissioner is also the second-in-command of the City of London Police, ranking between commander and commissioner. The rank is not used in other British police forces.
# Dołhobyczów-Kolonia

Dołhobyczów-Kolonia (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dołhobyczów, within Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Dołhobyczów, 30 km (19 mi) south-east of Hrubieszów, and 129 km (80 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Richard Goddard (rugby league)

Richard Goddard (born 28 April 1974) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity, Castleford Tigers, York Wasps and Sheffield Eagles, as a centre.

## Playing career
### Wakefield Trinity

Goddard is the youngest player to make his début for Wakefield Trinity aged 16-years 3-months and 29-days in 1990.
Goddard played as a substitute in Wakefield Trinity's 29–16 victory over Sheffield Eagles in the 1992–93 Yorkshire Cup Final during the 1992–93 season at Elland Road, Leeds on Sunday 18 October 1992.

### Castleford

In 1994, Goddard was signed by Castleford, with the transfer fee of £75,000 being set by a tribunal.

### International honours

Goddard won a cap for England while at Castleford Tigers in 1995 against France. He was named in England's 40-man training squad in preparation for the 1995 Rugby League World Cup, but was not included in the final squad.
# Amir Jafari

Amir Jafari (Persian: امیر جعفری; born September 1, 1974) is an Iranian actor.

## Personal life

Jafari is married to Rima Raminfar and has one son.

## Filmography
### Cinema

He learned Acting from Hamid Samandarian (1931 - 2012) one of the most remarkable acting teachers in Iran. He has started acting in cinema since 2001. His first movie was Bread, Love, Motorcycle 1000.

### Actor

| Year | Movie | Director | Release |
| 2016 | Conditional Release | Hossein Shahabi | |
| 2014 | Alien | - | 2013 |
| 2013 | Bending the Rules | | |
| 2012 | Sizdah | Houman Seyyedi | |
| 2011 | Pickup on South Street | Siavash As'adi | 2012 |
| 2009 | Nofouzi | Ahmad Kaveri Mehdi Fayouzi | - |
| 2009 | Keyfar | Hassan Fathi | 2010 |
| 2009 | Laj-o Lajbazi | Mehdi Borghei | 2010 |
| 2008 | Postchi se bar dar nemizanad | Hassan Fathi | 2009 |
| 2009 | A Non-profit Police Station | Yadollah Samadi | - |
| 2009 | Bi-pooli | Hamid Nematollah | 2009 |
| 2005 | Tardast | Mohammad Ali Sadjadi | 2009 |
| 2005 | Maxx | Saman Moghadam | - |
| 2003 | Jenayat | Mohammad Ali Sadjadi | - |
| 2001 | The Poisonous Mushroom | Rasoul Mollagholipour | - |
| 2001 | Nan-o Eshgh-o Motor-e 1000 | Abolhassan Davoudi | - |

### Director assistant

| Year | Movie | Director | Release |
| 2001 | To Live | Reza Sobhani | - |
| 1996 | Mina’s secret | Abbas Rafei | - |

### Series

| Year | Title | Role | Director | Network | Release |
| 2022 | Jeyran | Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri | Hassan Fathi | Filimo | 2021 |
| 2017 | Shahrzad | Captain Aparviz | Hassan Fathi | Lotus Play | 2018 |
| 2015 | Misunderstanding of a dream | | Fereydun Jeyrani | IRIB 1 | Summer 2015 |
| 2013 | Capital season-2 | | Siroos Moghaddam | IRIB 1 | Spring 2013 |
| 2011 | Check Bargashti | | Siroos Moghaddam | IRIB 1 | Spring 2012 |
| 2011 | Sheydai | | Mohammad Mehdi Asgarpour | IRIB 3 | Autumn 2011 |
| 2011 | Family Plot | | Rambod Javan | IRIB 2 | Summer 2011 |
| 2010 | Under Eight | | Siroos Moghaddam | IRIB 1 | Summer 2010 |
| 2010 | Char Divari | | Siroos Moghaddam | IRIB 1 | Spring 2010 |
| 2007 | The Forbidden Fruit | | Hassan Fathi | IRIB 2 | 2007 |
| 2005 | For the Last Time | | Akbar Mansour-Fallah | IRIB TV5 | 2005 |
| 2007 | Fasten our Seatbelt | | Mehdi Mazloumi | IRIB 3 | - |
| 2005 | I'm a Tenant | | Parisa Bakhtavar | IRIB 3 | - |
| 2001 | Without Description | | Mehdi Mazloumi | IRIB 3 | - |

## Awards

* Best actor, Fajr International Theater Festival, 1999
* Hafez Award nomination for Best Actor – Television Series Drama for The Asphalt Jungle , 2024