OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Horodło

Horodło is a village in Hrubieszów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Horodło. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Hrubieszów and 111 km (69 mi) east of the regional capital Lublin.
The village has a current population of 1,200.

## History

The Union of Horodło was signed there in 1413. It was a royal town of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Bełz Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province. During the late-18th-century Partitions of Poland, it was annexed by Austria. Following the Polish victory in the Austro-Polish War of 1809, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw, and after its dissolution in 1815, it passed to the Russian Partition of Poland. A large Polish patriotic demonstration took place here in 1861. After World War I, Poland regained independence and control of Horodło.
Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, it was occupied by Germany until 1944. During the Holocaust, the population of 1,000 Jews from the town were murdered.
# Gabriel Palma

Gabriel Palma (José Gabriel Palma) is a noted Chilean development economist. He is an emeritus professor at the University of Cambridge and a part-time professor at the University of Santiago, Chile. He is most noted for his work on dependency theory, the political economy of development in Latin America, and income distribution. He is also known for the Palma ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the richest 10% of the population's share of gross national income divided by the poorest 40%'s share. This is based on Palma's finding that middle-class incomes almost always represent about half of gross national income. In contrast, the other half is split between the richest 10% and the poorest 40%, but the share of those two groups varies considerably across countries.
Palma gave the 2020 Amartya Sen Lecture, for the Human Development and Capability Association (HDCA) Conference on What Went Wrong With European Social Democracy: On Building a Debilitating Capitalism, Where Even the Welfare State Subsidises Greater Market Inequality.

## Selected publications

* Palma, G. (1978). Dependency: a formal theory of underdevelopment or a methodology for the analysis of concrete situations of underdevelopment?. World development, 6(7–8), 881–924.
* Palma, J. G., & Stiglitz, J. E. (2016). Do nations just get the inequality they deserve? The “Palma Ratio” re-examined. In Inequality and Growth: Patterns and Policy: Volume II: Regions and Regularities (pp. 35–97). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
* Palma, G. (1998). Three and a half cycles of ‘mania, panic, and [asymmetric] crash’: East Asia and Latin America compared. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 22(6), 789–808.
* Palma, J. G. (2011). Homogeneous middles vs. heterogeneous tails, and the end of the ‘inverted‐U’: It's all about the share of the rich. Development and Change, 42(1), 87–153.
* Chang, H. J., Palma, G., & Whittaker, D. H. (1998). The Asian crisis: introduction. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 22(6), 649–652.
* Arestis, P., Palma, G., & Sawyer, M. (Eds.). (2005). Capital Controversy, Post Keynesian Economics and the History of Economic Thought: Essays in Honour of Geoff Harcourt, Volume One (Vol. 1). Routledge.
# Robert B. Greenough

Robert Battey Greenough (November 9, 1871 - February 16, 1937) was a leading American cancer specialist in the early 20th century. He was also one of the founders of, and a president of, the American Association for Cancer Research.

## Education and career

Greenough was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts to James B. Greenough (a Harvard professor of Latin) and Mary Ketchum Greenough. He received his undergraduate degree in 1892 from Harvard University and medical degree in 1896 from Harvard Medical School. He also studied in Vienna and Göettingen, studying pathology and developing an interest in cancer. After returning to the United States, he worked under Dr. John Collins Warren. He was an Assistant Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School from 1909 until 1932, and was a surgeon at Massachusetts General Hospital for most of his career. He was also a surgeon with the American Ambulance Corps during World War I, and became a lieutenant commander leading the surgical service at the Naval Hospital in Chelsea, Massachusetts after the United States entered the war.
Greenough advocated that two methods for controlling cancer existed; prevention, and prompt use of effective treatment methods. He surveyed surgeons in an attempt to develop best practices for cancer diagnosis and treatment, publishing guidelines on it in 1917. Much of his study and writing was devoted to tumors, including breast tumors. In the 1920s, Greenough argued that breast cancer specimens showed three classes of disease: low, medium, and high malignancy, with lower classes having higher survival rates. Though Greenough supported the use of Halstead radical mastectomy as the appropriate treatment for breast cancer for his career, such research was a step toward later questioning of whether a single radical method was necessary in all cases.
Greenough founded the first "tumor clinic" while at Mass General, a concept which spread around the world.
In his 1934 inaugural address to the American College of Surgeons (of which he served as president in 1934-35), he endorsed the use of prepayment health insurance plans to allow adequate medical care to be within the reach of average people, though he did not endorse the concept of single-payer healthcare. Greenough's 1937 Associated Press obituary described this address as a "turning point" because bodies such as this one had previously been opposed to such plans.

## Death

Greenough died of a heart attack on February 16, 1937, at age 65, survived by his wife and four daughters.
# Burgess House (Sebec, Maine)

The Burgess House is a historic house on Burgess Road, just east of Austin Road in Sebec, Maine, United States. The oldest portion of this wood-frame house dates to about 1816, and was built by Ichabod Young, who erected the first fulling mill in Piscataquis County. The house is most remarkable for its high-quality interior woodwork, and for the artwork on the walls of several of its rooms, which includes paintings by Rufus Porter and stencilwork by Moses Eaton, Jr., two noted itinerant artists of the early-to-mid 19th century. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

## Description and history

The Burgess Houses is a typical New England wood-frame connected homestead, consisting of a main block and two ells, which in this instance connect the main house to a modern one-car garage rather than the more typical barn or carriage house. The main block is a 1+1⁄2-story Cape style structure, five bays in width, with a large central chimney. Its centered entry is flanked by sidelight windows and topped by a louvered transom. The flanking bays contain sash windows with louvered shutters. The first ell, also 1+1⁄2 stories, is three bays long, also with a central chimney and a centered entrance, and is narrower than the main block is wide. The second ell is also three bays wide, but the bays are narrower, and all have windows. All three sections have their primary facade facing north.
The interior of the house includes woodwork that exhibits attention to detail, most notably in the paneling on the first floor. The highlight of the interior is the well-preserved artwork found throughout the main block, which includes paintings by the itinerant artist Rufus Porter, and stencilwork by Moses Eaton, Jr. Both of these artists are among the few documented to do such work in the early-to-mid 19th century, and probably executed this work c. 1820.
Ichabod Young came to the area in 1816, and built a fulling mill on the north side of the Sebec River that same year. He probably built the main block of this house that same year, on the south side of the river. The ells were added c. 1830 and c. 1850. The house was owned in the late 19th century by Thomas Burgess.
# Hope (XXXTentacion song)

"Hope" is a song by American rapper XXXTentacion from his second studio album, ? (2018). It is dedicated to the victims of the Parkland high school shooting.

## Background

The song was released on February 21, 2018, as a promotional single for X's upcoming sophomore studio album, ?, which would be released on March 16, 2018. The song, dedicated to those who died in and survived the Parkland shooting, speaks of subject of survivor's guilt that may be experienced by those who survived the shooting, with X singing, "she keep cryin', she keep cryin' every single night ... Said I wanna die, yuh, no, I'm not alright, yuh" and sings of his hope for the survivors of the shooting, "So outside my misery, I think I'll find / A way of envisioning a better life / For the rest of us, the rest of us / There's hope for the rest of us, the rest of us". X also sings about the inaction of political officials following the shooting. The official cover for the song reads as a message from X, "I could never say I understand how you all are feeling, nor can I find the right words to say to you, but I do want you all to know, you are not alone. The words at the end of this song are dedicated to you, Douglas High. Sincerely, XXX."
X made headlines when he visited Anthony Borges, a survivor of the Parkland shooting, in the hospital while Borges was recovering from gunshot wounds. X had said in 2016 that he opposed gun control measures, citing this as one of the reasons he disliked 2016 Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, though he wanted her to win over Republican nominee Donald Trump. X supported Bernie Sanders during the 2016 primary. However, X reversed his stance on the gun control issue following the Parkland shooting.

## Certifications

Sale certifications for "Hope" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Platinum | 90,000$^‡$ |
| France (SNEP) | Platinum | 200,000$^‡$ |
| Germany (BVMI) | Gold | 200,000$^‡$ |
| Italy (FIMI) | Platinum | 100,000$^‡$ |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | 2× Platinum | 60,000$^‡$ |
| Poland (ZPAV) | 2× Platinum | 100,000$^‡$ |
| Portugal (AFP) | Platinum | 10,000$^‡$ |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | Gold | 30,000$^‡$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Platinum | 600,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | 5× Platinum | 5,000,000$^‡$ |
| Streaming |||
| Greece (IFPI Greece) | Gold | 1,000,000$^†$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. $^†$ Streaming-only figures based on certification alone. |||
# Château de Pitray

The Château de Pitray (built in the 17th century) is in the village of Saint-Seurin-de-Prats, Aquitaine, France, overlooking the Dordogne river.
The name comes from Pic du Roy, or king’s peak, since the house was built on an ancient tumulus also known as Mothe de Prats, signifying that it was on land a little higher than the plain. "On 8 August 1626, here I built this home" is engraved in old French on one of the stone building blocks.
It belonged to the Puch family before being acquired by Gabriel de Ségur, seigneur of Pitray. From there it passed on to Pierre de Ségur, son of Thomas, co-seigneur of Pitray, and to his daughter Henriette, married to Alexandre de Puch in 1715, whose descendants remained in possession of the property until 1900. Pierre de Ségur, chevalier of Pitray and a lieutenant in the Koenigsmark Cavalry Regiment, distinguished himself during the dragonnades, or persecutions directed against Protestants during the reign of Louis XIV.
Originally the main part of the house consisted of two wings of equal size in the shape of perpendicular rectangles, delimiting the courtyard opening out onto the Dordogne River. Pitray became the property of Doctor Samuel Amanieux at the end of the 19th century and in 1905, a Bordeaux architect joined the two wings by a massive flat-roofed building and an Italianate terrace lined with pilasters.
Over the last 25 years, the Château de Pitray has become a venue appreciated for organizing business meetings and all types of seminars, conferences, and especially concerts.
# Horostyta

Horostyta is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wyryki, within Włodawa County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) west of Wyryki, 22 km (14 mi) west of Włodawa, and 62 km (39 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Karahalil

Karahalil is a town (belde) in the Babaeski District, Kırklareli Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,298 (2022).
# Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany

The Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany (German: Basisdemokratische Partei Deutschland, abbreviated German: dieBasis) is a political party in Germany. The declared aim of the party is to strengthen grassroots democracy in society and politics, as they consider that many areas of life are dominated by economic interests, profits, and fights for political power. Political scientists and media reports however generally identify the party as primarily supported by lockdown opponents and anti-vaccination campaigners.
The party cannot be easily placed on the political spectrum. According to an investigation by RedaktionsNetzwerk Deutschland, however, its membership combines believers in alternative medicine and esotericism with far right conspiracy theorists such as Reichsbürger.
The party has never won any seats in the Bundestag, state Landtags or the European Parliament.

## History

In the 2021 federal election, the party received 1.4% of the national vote (630,153 votes), winning more votes than other prominent minor German parties such as the Pirate Party and the National Democratic Party.
In the 2024 European parliament elections, the party received 0.3% of the national vote (99,502 votes), failing to win any seats in the European Parliament.

## Election results
### Federal Parliament (Bundestag)

| Election | Constituency | Constituency | Party list | Party list | Seats | +/– | Government |
| Election | Votes | % | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
| 2021 | 735,451 | 1.59 (#9) | 630,153 | 1.36 (#10) | 0 / 735 | New | Extra-parliamentary |
| 2025 | 41,903 | 0.08 (#16) | 85,557 | 0.17 (#13) | 0 / 630 | 0 | Extra-parliamentary |

### European Parliament

| Election | List leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | EP Group |
| 2024 | Ellèn Hölzer | 99,502 | 0.25 (#22) | 0 / 96 | New | – |
# Jachosze

Jachosze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biłgoraj, within Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Biłgoraj and 84 km (52 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin.
# Constituency election results in the 1923 United Kingdom general election

This is a complete alphabetical list of constituency election results to the 33rd Parliament of the United Kingdom at the 1923 general election, held on 5 December 1923.
# Sundsøre

Sundsøre is a small village with a ferry slip on the eastern side of the Salling peninsula in Skive Municipality, just across the Limfjord from Hvalpsund. The ferry terminal is situated by the 800-meter-long spit, Hvalp Hage, which extends into Hvalpsund—the narrow, deep strait in the Limfjord between Risgårde Bredning to the north and Skive Fjord to the south. Historically, this body of water was also known as Østersund.
The name Sundsøre was adopted by Sundsøre Municipality, which was incorporated into Skive Municipality during the 2007 municipal reform.
Adjacent to the ferry terminal is Sundsøre Kro, renamed Sundsørehus in 1993. Sundsøre Marina, located just north of the terminal, was developed between 1995 and 2005.
A ferry service connects Sundsøre to the town of Hvalpsund in Himmerland, with the crossing taking approximately 10 minutes.
# Barrie Mitchell

Barrie Horace Mitchell (15 March 1947 – 24 January 2021) was a Scottish footballer who played as a forward for Dunfermline Athletic, Aberdeen, Tranmere Rovers, Vancouver Whitecaps, Preston North End, York City, Greenock Morton and Wigan Athletic.
Mitchell was a member of the Dunfermline squad that won the Scottish Cup in 1968.
In March 1978, he joined Wigan Athletic, making 10 league appearances for the club in the Northern Premier League.
Like many other footballers of his era, Mitchell became a publican after retiring from football.
# Henry Crown Space Center

Henry Crown Space Center opened in 1986. The space center includes artifacts and interactive exhibits about space travel. Located in the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry, the Henry Crown Space Center includes the Apollo 8 spacecraft and Aurora 7 capsule.

## Exhibits

* Interactive docking simulation with a replica of the International Space Station.
* Remote control Mars Rover
* Apollo 8 spacecraft
* Aurora 7 capsule
* Jet-packs that astronauts wear
* Lunar module used for Apollo 11 training

## History

The museum was established with a donation from philanthropist Henry Crown. Crown was a billionaire who built General Dynamics. General Dynamics also played a role in Aerospace.
The space center opened with a visit from James Lovell in 1986. The cost of the Space center was 12 million dollars. The museum of Science and Industry in Chicago also opened an OmniMax theater in 1986: it was built inside the space center. The space center was remodeled and reopened in May 2024.
# Horostyta-Kolonia

Horostyta-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wyryki, within Włodawa County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.
# Barekese

Barekese is a town and capital of the Atwima Nwabiagya District within Ashanti Region, Ghana. It is home to the Barekese Dam and Barekese Senior High School.
# Jacnia

Jacnia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Adamów, within Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Adamów, 18 km (11 mi) south of Zamość, and 86 km (53 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Sawston United F.C.

Sawston United Football Club is a football club based in Sawston, England. They are currently members of the Cambridgeshire League Senior Division B. The club is affiliated to the Cambridgeshire County Football Association.

## History

The club was formed in 1946. The club entered the FA Cup in 1948, losing 2–8 to Parson Drove in the preliminary round.
The team has played in local leagues, playing in the Peterborough Football league in the 1950s. The club then moved at some time to the Cambridgeshire County Football League, winning the league on several occasions.
The end of the 2017–18 season saw the club finish second bottom of the Premier Division, but instead of being relegated to the division below, the club was relegated 4 divisions to Division 2a. The team finished as runners-up of Division 2a a season later and gained promotion to Division 1a.

## Ground

The club play their home games at Spicers Sports Ground.

## Honours

* Cambridgeshire County Football League
** Premier Division champions (3) 2001–02, 2002–03, 2005–06
** Senior B champions(1) 2008–09
** Senior A champions(1) 2008–09
** Division One A champions(3) 1995–96, 2007–08, 2023-24
** Division Three A champions(1) 2021-22
** Kershaw Premier League Cup (1) 2001–02
* Cliff Bullen Saturday Challenge Cup
** Winners (3) 1998–99, 2001–02, 2006–07
* Foster Challenge Cup
** Winners (1) 2011–12
* William Cockell Memorial Cup
** Winners (1) 2011–12
* William Coad League Cup
** Winners (1) 2022-23
# Robert M. Hughes Memorial Library

36°53′14.5″N 76°18′13.6″W﻿ / ﻿36.887361°N 76.303778°W﻿ / 36.887361; -76.303778
Hughes Hall, the former Robert M. Hughes Memorial Library, is a notable building on the Old Dominion University campus in Norfolk, Virginia, designed by Edward Durell Stone in 1959. When the building was dedicated, it was the Norfolk Division of the College of William & Mary. In the book Architecture in Virginia, published by the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, author William B. O'Neal writes that the building, completely encased in a solar block screen, has a glass interior. While it has practical energy saving benefits, O'Neal says the blocks give "a beautiful unity and a repose not always found in libraries today."
The building was named for Virginia lawyer Robert M. Hughes, who helped establish the Norfolk division of William & Mary in 1930 along with J. A. C. Chandler, Joseph Healy and Albert Foreman It was dedicated with speech on "The Place of the College Library" by historian Louis B. Wright, editor of the colonial diaries of William Byrd II of Westover.
It sits at the corner of Hampton Boulevard and 49th Street in Norfolk. Today it holds many of ODU's Computer Science faculty offices.
Beginning in 2009, the building – which had been renamed to Dragas Hall – was extensively renovated to unify the architectural character of Kaufmann Mall, bring the building into compliance with requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act, and upgrade the interior for modern technological needs. This resulted in a complete reconfiguration of the building, including the removal of the solar screen, alteration of the roof line, and the addition of a rounded glass atrium. The building now looks significantly different. The new two-story glass atrium was dedicated as the Hughes Atrium in remembrance of Robert M. Hughes for whom the building was originally named.
# Dyle, Poland

Dyle is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biłgoraj, within Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-east of Biłgoraj and 74 km (46 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin.
# Dong-Eui University

Dong-Eui University (Korean: 동의대학교) is a private university in Busan, a metropolitan city on the southeastern coast of South Korea. The university has 10 colleges, 116 master and doctoral courses in six graduate schools, with 22,992 students and 1,690 faculty and staff members. Dong-Eui is known for its medicine and engineering departments. It also has a reputation for management, health sciences, nursing, and a range of sciences.

## Colleges and graduate schools
### Colleges

* College of Humanities
* College of Law and Government
* College of Commerce and Economics
* College of Natural Sciences
* College of Korean Medicine
* College of Human Ecology
* College of Engineering
* College of Visual Image and Information Technology
* College of Art and Design
* College of Sport Science

### Graduate schools

* Graduate School
* Graduate School of Public Administration
* Graduate School of Business
* Graduate School of Industry
* Graduate School of Education
* Graduate School of Visual Image and Information

## History

The university opened in 1979, as a four-year college (Dong-Eui College, or 동의대학) with 400 students. It was established by the Dong-Eui Educational Foundation (est. 1966), which had also established a middle school, a high school and a junior college. Beginning in 1976, the foundation had also operated Kyungdong Engineering Professional School on the future site of the university campus. The college became a university in 1983, and opened its graduate school the following year. Dong-Eui Hospital and Korean Medicine Hospital of Dong-Eui University was opened as Dong-Eui Medical Center in June 1990.

## University libraries

The holdings of the University Library system include more than one million book volumes and 2,000 current serial publications. The library contains maps, newspapers, microforms, government documents, CD-ROMs, research reports, and videos. The system consists of Central Library and Korean Medicine Library.

## Intercollegiate athletics

The university has a rich heritage in intercollegiate athletics. The university has baseball, men's soccer, men's judo and fencing teams. The baseball team has won national championships four times.

## Student housing

The university maintains four residence hall complexes, which house approximately 3,200 students.

## Notable people

* Juno, singer
* Kim Yoon-seok, actor
* Oh Dal-su, actor
* Kim Jun-ho, fencer