OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# GCC homosexuality test

The Gulf Cooperation Council homo­sexuality test was a proposed homo­sexuality test that would have been used in Gulf states to prevent any homosexual travelers from entering the countries concerned. The director of public health Yousuf Mindkar from the Kuwaiti Ministry of Health initially proposed that routine medical examinations would have also screened for homo­sexuality. Obtaining a visa already requires passing a health examination for migrant workers from certain countries. Those who would have failed the tests would have had their visas revoked.
It has been suggested that concern for hosting 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar, and fears for controversy in a case that football fans would have been screened, made Mindkar to backtrack the plans and insist that it was a mere proposal. The proposal was set to be discussed in Oman on 11 November 2013 by a central committee tasked with reviewing the situation concerning expatriates. Previously in 2012 over 2 million expatriates across Gulf Cooperation Council countries were gender tested.
Homosexuality is illegal in most Gulf Cooperation Council member states including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Oman, with the notable exception of Bahrain.

## Reactions

There is no known working medical test for homosexuality in existence. Some gay activists were worried that the Kuwaiti test would have used anal probes. Lebanon uses such methods at police stations to determine what sexual practices suspected criminals have engaged in. One such instance was in 2012 when a movie theater was raided for pornography and 36 Lebanese men were subjected to anal examinations. Peter Tatchell and the UK-based foundation carrying his name demanded boycotting or cancelling the 2022 FIFA World Cup that was held in Qatar. Amnesty International strongly opposed any plans to introduce tests for discriminatory purposes against sexual minorities. Nasser Al Khater, the chief executive of the Cup, said, “Everyone is welcome” to visit the country to watch the matches and no one will be discriminated against.
It was also pointed out by Richard Lane from gay rights charity group Stonewall that restricting freedom of movement due to sexual orientation would be problematic to Gulf States that have marketed themselves as open to international business.
# Jesse Rothstein

Jesse Rothstein is an economist, and currently professor of public policy and economics at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2010, he was chief economist at the US Department of Labor. He is the founding director of the California Policy Lab, a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, and is a member of the editorial boards of Education Finance and Policy, The Review of Economics and Statistics, American Economic Review, and Industrial Relations.

## Selected works

* Rothstein, Jesse. "Teacher quality in educational production: Tracking, decay, and student achievement." The Quarterly Journal of Economics 125, no. 1 (2010): 175–214.
* Card, David, Alexandre Mas, and Jesse Rothstein. "Tipping and the Dynamics of Segregation." The Quarterly Journal of Economics 123, no. 1 (2008): 177–218.
* Card, David, and Jesse Rothstein. "Racial segregation and the black–white test score gap." Journal of Public Economics 91, no. 11-12 (2007): 2158–2184.
* Rothstein, Jesse. "Student sorting and bias in value-added estimation: Selection on observables and unobservables." Education Finance and Policy 4, no. 4 (2009): 537–571.
* Rothstein, Jesse M. "College performance predictions and the SAT." Journal of Econometrics 121, no. 1-2 (2004): 297–317.
# Kimbolton Fireworks

Kimbolton Fireworks was a British manufacturer of display fireworks. It sold fireworks to shops, operated a mail order firework business, and offered a firework display service. It was the last remaining manufacturer of fireworks in the UK.
Based in Kimbolton, Cambridgeshire, the company was founded in 1964 by the Reverend Ron Lancaster, Kimbolton School chaplain and chemistry master. His son, Mark Lancaster was a director before becoming a Member of Parliament.
The public displays put on by Kimbolton Fireworks included the 25th anniversary of the Queen's coronation in 1978, the 50th anniversary of VJ Day in 1995, and the Hong Kong handover in 1997.
On 19 February 2019 it was announced that Kimbolton Fireworks would cease trading.
The trading rights were bought by Phoenix Fireworks (Wrotham, Kent) in 2019 and they continue to sell the Kimbolton brand across the UK.
On 8 February 2022 the trading rights of the retail brand of fireworks known as Kimbolton Fireworks Retail was sold by Phoenix Fireworks to Celtic Fireworks (based in Tutbury, Staffordshire). Phoenix Fireworks continue to use Kimbolton Fireworks as a trading name for some of their firework displays and professional trade sales.
# Kodu Technology

Kodu Technology is an agribusiness startup that is into the production of naturally decomposable sanitary pads from banana and plantain stems. The focus of the company is to reduce period poverty while also impacting smallholder farmers. The pad manufacturing company is located in the capital of the Northern Region of Ghana,Tamale. Their mission aligns with sustainable menstruation and circular economy principles.

## Awards and recognitions

* Kosmos Innovation Center (KIC) AgriTech Challenge Pro 2023 winner with USD50,000
* In 2023 Kodu technology emerged the overall winner for the circular economy competition in Ghana with a seed funding of GHS100,000
* Tandard Chartered Women in Tech Award with GHS110,000
* Selected for 2024 Toilet Board Coalition Accelerator Programme
* Won Telescope Strategy Accelerator Program Pitch Competition
# Speca

Speca, discovered in 2011, is an exotic radio galaxy or a galaxy where the central supermassive black hole is actively accreting matter surrounding itself and ejects two giant, million light year long, plasma lobes in opposite directions.Speca is located around 1.9 billion light-years away in the constellation Virgo.

## Discovery and significance

Speca was discovered by an international team of astronomers led by Dr Ananda Hota, using archival data from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), Very Large Array and observations from the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope. Where almost all radio galaxies are hosted by massive, featureless, elliptical galaxies, Speca is the first confirmed exception that such giant plasma lobes can also be hosted by spiral galaxies. This confirmation came after 12 long years of the first suspected case ESO 0313-192. Speca was a convincing case because it has two, and possibly three, episodes of such plasma lobe emission and rotation of the spiral galaxy, fast and flat, is clearly observed.
Soon after this, search for Speca-like exotic objects were intensified, and in the next 12 years the total number increased to close to three dozen. Due to its exotic nature, some have started calling it Spiral DRAGNs, despite the word DRAGNs not used commonly for radio galaxies. The growing list can be found here List of Spiral DRAGNs. Since such galaxies are rarely seen in nearby Universe and elliptical galaxies were yet to form in the formative era of our Universe, it has been speculated that, Speca-like radio galaxies hosted in giant spirals may be more common in the young Universe. Future observations with giant optical telescopes (e.g. Thirty Metre telescope, Extremely Large Telescope ) combined with sensitive observations with low frequency radio telescopes ( e.g. LOFAR, Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope and Square Kilometre Array Observatory ) may find many of them to understand galaxy evolution better.
# Zinnwaldite

Zinnwaldite, KLiFeAl(AlSi$_3$)O$_{10}$(OH,F)$_2$, potassium lithium iron aluminium silicate hydroxide fluoride is a silicate mineral in the mica group. The IMA status is as a series between siderophyllite (KFe$_2$Al(Al$_2$Si$_2$)O$_{10}$(F,OH)$_2$) and polylithionite (KLi$_2$AlSi$_4$O$_{10}$(F,OH)$_2$) and not considered a valid mineral species.

## Name and discovery

It was first described in 1845 in Zinnwald/Cinvald (today Cínovec) on the German-Czech Republic border.

## Occurrence

It occurs in greisens, pegmatite, and quartz veins often associated with tin ore deposits. It is commonly associated with topaz, cassiterite, wolframite, lepidolite, spodumene, beryl, tourmaline, and fluorite.
# Leena Lehtolainen

Leena Katriina Lehtolainen (born 11 March 1964) is a Finnish crime novelist, best known for her series of novels about the policewoman Maria Kallio.
Lehtolainen was born in Vesanto, in the Northern Savonia region of Finland. Her first novel was released when she was only 12 years old. She studied literature in Helsinki until 1995 and has been writing crime novels since 1993. Since about 2007 she has written other genres of books. Her works have been translated into numerous languages, including Spanish, Dutch, Chinese, Lithuanian, Polish, French, Swedish, German, Estonian and Czech. Leena Lehtolainen is married to Mikko Lensu and she has two children (Konsta Johannes, born in 1991 and Otso Olavi born in 1994). She lives in Degerby, west of Helsinki.

## Awards and honours

Lehtolainen won the Finnish crime novel society yearly prize in 1997 and 1998. She received the Espoo city Award of Arts in 2000, and was nominated for the Glass Key award in 2003. In 2020 she received the national Pro Finlandia medal for her artistic merits.
# Kishangarh Airport

Kishangarh Airport (IATA: KQH, ICAO: VIKG) is a domestic airport serving the twin cities of Ajmer and Kishangarh. It is located at Kishangarh on National Highway 8, 27 km (17 mi) north-east of Ajmer. The airport was inaugurated on 11 October 2017. It is operated by the Airports Authority of India (AAI), covers an area of 742 acres and has a 2,000 metre long runway. It is also famous for its interior Bani Thani painting. The airport facilitates transport to the pilgrim sites like the Dargah of Khwaja Garib Nawaz, Pushkar and the fort of Prithvi Raj Chauhan in Ajmer.

## History

The original proposal for an airport at Kishangarh came following the former Prime Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi's visit to Ajmer. Initial government efforts to acquire land for the project at Sardana had to be abandoned before the current location was chosen by the district administration. The airport is the first of over 100 airports that were to be built in India by 2020. The foundation stone of the project was laid by the then Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh in September 2013. The project was undertaken by the Airports Authority of India (AAI) at a cost of about ₹ 161 crores. 441 acres of land was handed over for the project in 2013. Demands for naming the airport after Hazrat Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti, Veer Teja Ji, Marble City and Prithviraj Chauhan were made, but none of them were granted. The airport was inaugurated on 11 October 2017 by the then Union Minister of State for Civil Aviation, Jayant Sinha and the then Chief Minister of Rajasthan, Vasundhara Raje.

## Facilities

The 2,700 sq.m. passenger terminal building can handle 150 passengers during peak hours. Other features at the terminal include 6 check-in counters, one X-ray screening machine for baggage screening and an elevated baggage conveyor belt in the arrivals terminal. The airport has parking space for 125 cars. The terminal features three-dimensional murals made of marble, 'Bani Thani' portraits, the paintings of the Kishangarh school of paintings and fountains to give the project a local touch. The airport has a 2,000 metre long runway that allow daytime operation of smaller aircraft. The parking apron is able to simultaneously accommodate two ATR aircraft.
The Government of India will generate 100 megawatt power from solar energy to light up the airport. Considering the scarcity of water in the area, AAI has built a water harvesting system at the airport as also a modern sewage treatment plant for re-use of water.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| IndiGo | Ahmedabad |
| Star Air | Ghaziabad, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Nagpur, Pune, Surat |
# Bajan pepper sauce

Bajan pepper sauce is a Barbadian-style hot sauce condiment made from hot peppers. It is similar to Cajun-style hot sauce and is traditionally applied in local Barbadian cuisine including meat, poultry, and fish.
The principal traditional ingredients of Bajan pepper sauce are Scotch bonnet peppers, mustard, and vinegar, with smaller amounts of cooking oil, onions, hot peppers, black pepper, and turmeric. Other varieties contain a small amount of sea water or alcohol for taste variety.
# Minoru Harada

Minoru Harada (原田 稔, Harada Minoru, born 8 November 1941) is a Japanese Buddhist leader. He is the sixth president of the Soka Gakkai from 9 November 2006. He is also the Supreme Advisor of Sōka University and the Acting President of Soka Gakkai International (SGI).
In 1953, he became an adherent of Soka Gakkai (at the time was one of the several lay organizations of Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism). He attended Tokyo Metropolitan Bunkyo High School (now Tokyo Metropolitan Bunkyo Secondary Education School). He graduated from the University of Tokyo with a Bachelor of Economics degree.
According to Soka Gakkai, he was a left-wing protester and a student activist, participating in the demonstration into the National Diet Building in the 1960s. He was the manager of the Student Division and the Youth Division of Soka Gakkai, and one of the Vice-Presidents of Soka Gakkai. In a 1976 interview, Harada provided views of Soka Gakkai which contrasted with traditional Nichiren ones; although the latter has typically seen natural disasters as arising when society refuses to adopt the "True Law", Soka Gakkai viewed such effects as being subtler, as in societal problems rather than the likes of earthquakes.
He became the sixth President of Soka Gakkai on 9 November 2006 following the resignation of Einosuke Akiya.
On 8 November 2014, Harada officially declared in the Seikyo Shimbun newspaper that the original tenets of the Soka Gakkai Constitution from 1930 have been revised and the Dai Gohonzon image that was once venerated within the organization is no longer its object of worship, further disassociating Soka Gakkai from the Nichiren Shoshu Buddhist sect.

## Soka Gakkai Presidency

Buddhist titles :
| Preceded byEinosuke Akiya | 6th President of Soka Gakkai 9 November 2006 - present | Succeeded byIncumbent |
# Scissors Modes

Scissors Modes are collective excitations in which two particle systems move with respect to each other conserving their shape. For the first time they were predicted to occur in deformed atomic nuclei by N. LoIudice and F. Palumbo, who used a semiclassical Two Rotor Model, whose solution required a realization of the O(4) algebra that was not known in mathematics. In this model protons and neutrons were assumed to form two interacting rotors to be identified with the blades of scissors. Their relative motion (Fig.1) generates a magnetic dipole moment whose coupling with the electromagnetic field provides the signature of the mode.
Such states have been experimentally observed for the first time by A. Richter and collaborators in a rare earth nucleus, $^{156}$Gd, and then systematically investigated experimentally and theoretically in all deformed atomic nuclei.
Inspired by this, D. Guéry-Odelin and S. Stringari predicted similar collective excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates in magnetic traps. In this case one of the blades of the scissors must be identified with the moving cloud of atoms and the other one with the trap. Also this excitation mode was experimentally confirmed.
In close analogy similar collective excitations have predicted in a number of other systems, including metal clusters, quantum dots, Fermi condensates and crystals, but none of them has yet been experimentally investigated or found.
# Vicente Amor

Vicente Amor Álvarez (born August 8, 1932) is a Cuban former professional baseball player and right-handed pitcher who played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball (1955 for the Chicago Cubs and 1957 for the Cincinnati Redlegs). Born in Havana, he stood 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) tall and weighed 182 pounds (83 kg).
Amor's career lasted for ten seasons, 1950 through 1959. After he won 18 games in the Double-A Texas League in 1954, he was drafted by the Cubs from the Oakland Oaks of the Pacific Coast League in that offseason's Rule 5 Draft on November 22. His major-league tenure consisted of four games with the 1955 Cubs and nine appearances for the 1957 Redlegs.
In his 13 MLB games pitched, he made four starts, all for Cincinnati. In one of them, he threw a six-hit complete game victory over the New York Giants on August 4, 1957, at Crosley Field.
Over his big-league career, he permitted 50 hits and 13 bases on balls in 331⁄3 innings pitched, with a dozen strikeouts. He posted a 1–3 won–lost mark and an earned run average of 5.67.
# Curlytop

Curlytop is a lost 1924 American silent romantic drama film directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Shirley Mason, Wallace MacDonald, and Warner Oland. It is based on one of the short stories collected in Limehouse Nights by Thomas Burke.

## Plot

As described in a review in a film magazine, big Bill Branigan (MacDonald) leaves his sweetheart Bessie (Miller) for Curlytop (Mason), whose unconscious beauty naiveté enthrall him. Shanghai Dan (Oland), who dominates a gang of Chinese crooks in the Chinatown centered on Limehouse in the East End of London, also desires her. Determined to reform, Bill sets out in search of a job, so Bessie revenges herself by getting Curlytop drunk and cutting off her golden curls. Bill returns but cannot find Curlytop, and is persuaded to rekindle his relationship with Bessie. After he finds the golden curls among her belongings, Bill forces Bessie to reveal the whereabouts of Curlytop. Curlytop has been working for Shanghai Dan as a waitress on a floating barge. As Dan is hypnotizing her, another vessel crashes into the barge. Dan is drowned while Curlytop is rescued by Bill.

## Cast

* Shirley Mason as Curlytop
* Wallace MacDonald as Bill Branigan
* Warner Oland as Shanghai Dan
* Diana Miller as Bessie
* George Kuwa as Wang Toy
* Ernie Adams as Sproggs
* Nora Hayden as Hilda
* Sharon Lynn as Annie (credited as Lindsay La Verne)

## Preservation

With no prints of Curlytop located in any film archives, it is a lost film.
# Úlice

Úlice is a municipality and village in Plzeň-North District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
Úlice lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of Plzeň and 99 km (62 mi) west of Prague.

## Administrative division

Úlice consists of five municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Úlice (253)
* Hracholusky (91)
* Jezná (45)
* Kníje (22)
* Nová Jezná (69)

## Notable people

* Robert von Dombrowski (1869–1932), ornithologist
* Markvart of Úlice (d. 1402), nobleman
# Manouchehr Eghbal

Manouchehr Eghbal (Persian: منوچهر اقبال; September 1909 – 25 November 1977) was an Iranian physician and royalist politician. He was the Prime Minister of Iran from 1957 to 1960.

## Early life and education

Eghbal was born in Mashhad in September 1909, and his family was from Khorasan. He had an older brother, Ali.
Eghbal studied at Darolfonoon. He finished his advanced studies in medicine at the University of Paris in 1933.

## Career and activities

Following his graduation in 1933 Eghbal was employed as a physician in Mashhad. During the 1940s he was made deputy health minister. He was a member of the French Academy of Medicine. He was named as the undersecretary of the Ministry of Health in 1943. In 1950, Eghbal was appointed chancellor of Tabriz University. He was named as the governor of Azerbaijan in 1950 and held the post until 1952. He became chancellor of Tehran University in 1954. Five years later he became Iran's envoy to UNESCO. He then taught at Sorbonne for a while and became a member of the French Académie Nationale de Médecine. During this period he founded the Nationalists' Party and served as the party's chair.
Eghbal was appointed minister of health in the cabinet led by Mohammad Sa'ed in 1944. He also held the same post in the cabinet led by Ahmad Qavam (1946). Then he served as the minister of education in the cabinet of Abdolhossein Hazhir (1948), minister of transportation in the cabinet led by Ali Mansur, and interior minister in the cabinet of Mohammad Sa'ed between 1948 and 1950.
In April 1957, Eghbal became prime minister, replacing Hossein Ala' in the post. Eghbal was also named as the chief of Plan Orgazination in February 1959 when Abol Hassan Ebtehaj resigned from office. His cabinet lasted until September 1960, and he was replaced by Jafar Sharif-Emami as prime minister. Until his death, he served as the chairman of the National Iranian Oil Company. He was also one of the close aides to the Shah and also, served as a board member of the royal organization of social welfare headed by Ashraf Pahlavi.

## Personal life and death

Eghbal married a French woman, Alice, during his studies in France. They had three daughters. The eldest Nicole became a nun. The second, Monique, married a Swiss surgeon and had a daughter, Muriel Pedrazzini. The youngest daughter, Maryam Francoise, first married Prince Mahmoud Reza Pahlavi in October 1964 when she was 18 years old, but the marriage ended in divorce and she married Shahriar Shafiq.
Eghbal died of a heart attack on 25 November 1977 in Tehran, aged 68.

### Honors

Eghbal was given the title of honorary doctorate by the University of Paris in 1959. He was also awarded the same title by the University of Bordeaux.
# Rugby Borough F.C.

Rugby Borough Football Club is a football club based in Rugby, Warwickshire. They are currently members of the United Counties League Premier Division South and play at Kilsby Lane.

## History

The club was founded in 2017 "to give players from Rugby Town Juniors and its partners a place to continue playing football in the orange shirt into their adult years". They were placed in Division One of the Leicestershire Senior League, which they won at the first attempt, losing only three of their 31 matches with a goal difference of +168, resulting in promotion to the Premier Division. They went on to win the Premier Division title in 2018–19, but were denied promotion as their ground did not meet FA regulations. The 2018–19 season also saw the club compete in the FA Vase for the first time, defeating Malvern Town 3–2 in the first qualifying round, before losing to Bustleholme in the next round. The club ended the season by winning the Coventry Charity Cup with a 2–1 defeat of Coventry Alvis.
In 2021–22 the club were Premier Division champions again, this time earning promotion to Division One of the Spartan South Midlands League. They also won the Coventry Charity Cup for the second time, defeating Coventry Alvis 4–0 in the final. The following season the club finished third in Division One, qualifying for the promotion play-offs. After beating Amersham Town 4–0 in the semi-finals, they defeated Northampton ON Chenecks 2–0 in the final to earn promotion in the table and qualified for the playoff which the club won, earning a promotion to the Premier Division South of the United Counties League. They also won the League Cup, beating Moulton 2–0 in the final.

## Other teams

In June 2023 the club took over Coventry United Women following the club's relegation from the Women's Championship, re-branding them as Rugby Borough Women.

## Honours

* Spartan South Midlands League
** League Cup winners 2022–23
* Leicestershire Senior League
** Premier Division champions 2018–19, 2021–22
** Division One champions 2017–18
* Coventry Charity Cup
** Winners 2018–19, 2021–22

## Records

* Best FA Cup performance: First qualifying round, 2023–24
* Best FA Vase performance: Third round, 2024–25