OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Parliament of the Kingdom of Laos

Part of a series on the :
History of Laos :
Muang city-states era :
| Muang Sua | 698–1353 |
Lan Xang era :
| Lan Xang | 1353–1707 |
Regional kingdoms era :
| Kingdom of Vientiane | 1707–1828 |
| Kingdom of Luang Phrabang | 1707–1893 |
| Muang Phuan | 1707–1899 |
| Kingdom of Champasak | 1713–1904 |
Colonial era :
| Lao rebellion | 1826–1828 |
| Haw wars | 1865–1890 |
| Franco-Siamese crisis | 1893 |
| French Protectorate of Laos | 1893–1953 |
| Franco-Thai War | 1940–1941 |
| Japanese puppet state | 1945 |
| Free Lao Movement (Lao Issara) | 1945–1949 |
Independent era :
| Kingdom of Laos | 1946–1975 |
| Laotian Civil War | 1953–1975 |
| North Vietnamese invasion of Laos | 1958–1959 |
| Anti-Communist Insurgency | 1975–2007 |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | 1975–1991 |
| Laos after Soviet dominance | 1991–present |
See also :
History of Laos
History of Isan :
vte :
The Parliament of the Kingdom of Laos was the bicameral legislature of the Kingdom of Laos from 1947 to 1975. It consisted of the National Assembly, whose members were popularly elected, and the Royal Council, whose members were appointed by the King or elected by the National Assembly. The last elections to the National Assembly took place in 1972.

## Royal Council

The Royal Council or King's Council, Thipuksa Phramahakaxat, reviewed the legislations approved by the National Assembly. It had 12 appointed members. Six members were appointed by the King of Laos and six were nominated by the National Assembly. The President of the council was the presiding officer. The chamber was responsible for scrutinizing bills approved by the National Assembly, and advising the King on the approval of the bills.
| President | Took office | Left office |
| Prince Boun Oum | 1947 | 1949 |
| Kou Abhay | 1949 | 1953 or later |
| Phaya Khammao Vilay (1892–1965) | 1955 | |
| Kou Abhay | 1956 or earlier | 1960 |
| Phaya Muong Sen | 1961 or earlier | 1961 or later |
| Outhong Souvannavong (1907-1996) | 1965 | 1975 |
| Prince Khammao (1911–1984) | 1975 | 1975 |

## National Assembly

The National Assembly (Lao: ສພາແຫ່ງຊາຕ, romanized: Spha Aehngsad) had 60 members elected in popular elections. The legislative term was five years. The President of the National Assembly was the presiding officer. According to the Constitution of the Kingdom of Laos, National Assembly was the supreme legislative body.
| President | Took office | Left office |
| Phoui Sananikone | 1947 | 1950 |
| Phao Panya | 1950 | 1951 |
| Kou Voravong | 1951 | 1954 |
| Pheng Phongsavan | 1955 | 1956 |
| Souphanouvong | 1958 | 1959 |
| Pheng Phongsavan | 1959 | 1959 |
| Souvanna Phouma | May 1960 | August 1960 |
| Somsanith Vongkotrattana | 1961 | 1963 |
| Phoui Sananikone | 1963 | 1965 |
| Oudom Souvannavong | 1966 | 1967 |
| Phoui Sananikone | 1968 | 1974 |
# The Whisperer (radio program)

The Whisperer was an American old-time radio program which broadcast 13 episodes on late Sunday afternoons [5:00 p.m. Eastern] as a summer replacement from July 8 to September 30, 1951 on NBC.
It was based on stories by Dr. Stetson Humphrey (in collaboration with his wife, Irene).
The tone of the show was often tongue-in-cheek, and satirized the radio crime dramas of the day.

## Plot

Lawyer Philip Gault (Carleton G. Young), due to a college football injury, lost his voice and can only speak in an eerie whisper. Gault infiltrates "the syndicate" in his native Central City to bring down organized crime from within; to the underworld, he becomes known as the Whisperer. Later, his voice is restored through surgery, but he continues to lead a double life as the Whisperer, relaying instructions by telephone from the syndicate bosses in New York (who don't know he's a mole) to their lackeys in Central City, whom Gault is actually setting up.
In the prologue to the final episode from September 30, 1951 titled "Strange Bed Fellows", Philip Gault explains his history as follows: "It all began ten years ago when I was kicked in the throat while playing college football. After the bandages were removed I opened my mouth to speak and all that came out was this rattling hiss. After a bakers dozen of women fainted when I spoke to them and countless babies went into paraclisms [sic] of crying, I disappeared from my usual haunts and went to work for a group which I later discovered were known as the crime syndicate. I decided to stay with them and collect sufficient evidence to help destroy them. Then one day I met Dr. Lee and through a miracle of surgery he restored my voice enabling me to resume my real identity as Philip Gault, Lawyer. This dual identity makes life very interesting. For if the syndicate ever finds out that the Whisperer, who passes on their orders, is really Philip Gault, the man who has wrecked so many of their plans, there'll be slow walking and low moaning. But I won't be around to comment on it."
Betty Moran portrayed Gault's girlfriend, Ellen Norris, the only person who knows Gault's double identity, other than Dr. Lee. Paul Frees occasionally appeared as Gault's "friend on the force", Lt. Charles Denvers. William Conrad frequently appeared in different supporting roles under his alias, "Julius Krelboyne", as he was under exclusive contract to CBS radio at the time.
Bill Karn was the producer-director (and occasional writer), and organist Johnny Duffy supplied the background music.
The radio actor Carleton G. Young is sometimes confused with the film actor Carleton Scott Young.
# Selaginella moellendorffii

Selaginella moellendorffii is a lycophyte that is an important model organism, especially in comparative genomics. S. moellendorffii is a member of an ancient vascular plant lineage that first appeared in the fossil record some 400 million years ago. They would later form a dominant part of the world's flora during the Carboniferous period. They have a number of unusual and/or "primitive" features, such as rudimentary leaves (microphylls), ubiquitous dichotomous branching, heterospory, and the ligule. As the earliest diverging group of modern vascular plants, they are essential to understanding the evolution of plants as a whole.

## Genome sequencing

The nuclear genome size is approximately 100 mega base pairs, one of the smaller genome sizes found for any plant species. The genome has been sequenced and assembled by the United States Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI). Community annotation of the genes and other elements of this genome began in September 2007. Gene content of S. moellendorffii and diverse other taxa have shown that the transition from gametophyte- to sporophyte-dominated life cycle entailed the addition of fewer new genes than the move from nonseed vascular plants (lycophytes) to flowering plants (angiosperms).
Hecht et al., 2011 finds that S. moellendorffii has the highest guanine + cytosine content of any organellar DNA. Its mitochondrial DNA is 68% G+C; both are typically rare components of any organellar DNA.
# To the Best of Our Knowledge

To the Best of Our Knowledge (also known by the acronym TTBOOK) is a weekly public-radio interview program produced by Wisconsin Public Radio and distributed by PRX. It is broadcast on more than 180 public radio stations in the U.S. and it also is available as a podcast. Until his retirement in January 2014, Jim Fleming hosted the program, along with interviewers Steve Paulson and Anne Strainchamps. After Fleming's retirement, Strainchamps took over as host.

## Program format

To the Best of Our Knowledge produces two one-hour programs each week. Each hour has a theme that is explored over the course of the hour, primarily through interviews, although the show also airs commentaries, performance pieces, and occasional reporter pieces. Topics vary widely, from contemporary politics, science, and "big ideas", to pop culture themes such as "Nerds" or "Apocalyptic Fiction".
The program produces at least one five-part series every year that tends to be distributed more widely than the weekly broadcast. "East Meets West", a series on East-West cultural crossroads, included interviews with cellist Yo-Yo Ma, Muslim philosopher Tariq Ramadan, Muslim rapper Lupe Fiasco, Indian filmmaker Mira Nair, and Pakistani rock icon Salman Ahmad. "Electrons to Enlightenment", a five-part series on science and religion, included interviews with intellectual heavyweights E. O. Wilson, Richard Dawkins, Francis Collins, and Karen Armstrong.
To the Best of Our Knowledge won the 2004 Peabody Award for Programming.
# Pandit Sundarlal Sharma (Open) University

Pandit Sundarlal Sharma (Open) University Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur (PSSOU) is a state university located in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. It is a state open university offering distance education.

## History

Pandit Sundarlal Sharma (Open) University (PSSOU) Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur was established by the Chhattisgarh legislature in the 55th year of the republic of India under. The Pandit Sundarlal Sharma (Open) University Chhattisgarh Act, 2004. It was named after Sundarlal Sharma, a freedom and social justice fighter of the Chhattisgarh region. Dr. T.D. Sharma joined this university as the first Vice-Chancellor on 2 March 2005 while Dr. Sharad Kumar Vajpai takes office as Registrar on 15 March 2005. Dr. B. G. Singh was reappointed VC of the university for another term.
The university was formally inaugurated by the former Vice Prime Minister, Govt. of India and Leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha, Shri Lal Krishna Advani at a function presided over by the honorable Chief Minister of Chhattisgarh Dr. Raman Singh attended by Shri Ajay Chandrakar (Minister of Higher Education), Shri Amar Agrawal (Minister of Finance) along with large number of dignitaries and guests.

## Faculties and Regional Centres

The university is structured into the following faculties:
* Faculty of Arts ( Department of English, Hindi, Library Science )
* Faculty of Science and Technology
* Faculty of Social Science(Political Science, Public Administration, Sociology, Social Work etc. )
* Faculty of Commerce
* Faculty of Education
* Faculty of Computer Science (DCA, PGDCA, and BCA)
* Faculty of Yoga, Jyotish and Vastu
Regional centres were established at Bilaspur, Raipur, Ambikapur, Durg, Jashpur and Jagdalpur.

## Administration

The university is administered by an Executive Council, Academic Council, Planning Board, Departments, Board of Studies and the Finance Committee. The present Vice Chancellor is Dr. B.G. Singh and Dr. Indu Anant is Registrar.

## Executive Council of the University

* Mr. Mahadeo Kawre (IAS) Vice Chancellor
* Dr B G Singh, Vice Chancellor/Chairman
* Prof. Jitendra Kumar Srivastava, Member
* Mr. Sant Kumar Netam, Member
* Mr. Gulab Kamro, Member
* Smt. Raj Laxmi Selat, Member
* Mr. S. L. Nayak, Member
* Mr. M. D. Deewan, Member
* Dr. Prafull Sharma, Member
* Mr. Uchit Sood, Member
* Dr. Swami G. C. D. Bharti, Member
* Dr. Jaipal Singh Prajapati, Member
* Dr. (Smt.) Indu Anant, Secretary
# Divine Canine

Divine Canine (also known as Divine Canine: With the Monks of New Skete) is a television series on Animal Planet. The show premiered on April 16, 2007.
The show examines the Monks of New Skete, an order of Orthodox Christian monks who train dogs. The monks, located in upstate New York, are known for their ability to train dysfunctional dogs as well as being breeders of German Shepherd puppies.
The show was produced by RIVR Media. Animal Planet ordered sixteen half-hour shows for the initial run.
Season one episodes along with original air dates:
4/16/2007: Un-Spoiling Stella
4/30/2007: Hoisting Hugo
4/30/2007: Teaching Tessie
5/7/2007: Heeling Holly
5/28/2007: Harnessing Harley
6/4/2007: Calming Chico
6/15/2007: Balancing Boomer
6/22/2007: Semi-Sweet Puppy

## Reception

Common Sense Media rated the show 3 out of 5 stars.
# Art Schult

Arthur William "Dutch" Schult (June 20, 1928 – July 25, 2014) was an American professional baseball player. Schult was an outfielder and first baseman who played in 164 games over five seasons for the New York Yankees, Cincinnati Redlegs, Washington Senators and the Chicago Cubs. He stood 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) tall, weighed 210 pounds (95 kg), and batted and threw right-handed.
Schult was born in Brooklyn, New York. He attended Georgetown University and was signed by the Yankees as an amateur free agent in 1948. He played for ten seasons in minor league baseball, hitting 136 home runs. However, he spent only one full season in the Majors—1957 with Cincinnati (21 games) and Washington (77 games)—hitting a personal MLB career-high four homers and knocking in 39 runs. His 111 career big-league hits included 24 doubles as well as six homers. He retired after the 1960 campaign.
Schult died on July 25, 2014, at the age of 86.
# The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (1916 film)

The Trail of the Lonesome Pine is a 1916 American silent drama film directed by Cecil B. DeMille, who also wrote the screenplay. Art direction for the film was done by Wilfred Buckland.
It is based on the 1908 novel and the 1912 play of the same name by Eugene Walter. Charlotte Walker reprised her role from the Broadway production.

## Cast

* Charlotte Walker as June Tolliver
* Thomas Meighan as Jack Hale
* Earle Foxe as Dave Tolliver (credited as Earle Fox)
* Theodore Roberts as "Devil" Judd Tolliver
* Dick L'Estrange as Bob Heaton (credited as Dick Lestrange)
* Park Jones as Tompkins

## Other adaptions

The novel was first adapted for the screen in 1914, and starred Dixie Compton. Another version released in 1923 starred Mary Miles Minter and is now considered a lost film. The novel was adapted for the fourth time in 1936, an early Technicolor version starring Fred MacMurray, Sylvia Sidney, and Henry Fonda.

## Preservation

Complete 35 mm prints of The Trail of the Lonesome Pine are held by the Library of Congress and the George Eastman Museum in Rochester, New York.
# Rathipur Barada Banipith

Rathipur Barada Banipith, established in 1942, is one of the oldest school in Barada village, Ghatal sub-division, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India. It is a co-educational Higher Secondary School.
The school follows the course curricula prescribed by the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE) and West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education (WBCHSE) for Standard 10th and 12th Board examinations respectively.
# Kalateh-ye Gaz

Kalateh-ye Gaz (Persian: كلاته گز, also Romanized as Kalāteh-ye Gaz) is a village in Pain Jovin Rural District, Helali District, Joghatai County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 110, in 30 families.
# Barbare Kajaia

Barbare Kajaia (born 2 October 2010) is a Georgian rhythmic gymnast. She represents her country in international competitions.

## Career

She is the younger sister of Mariami Kajaia. Mariami began rhythmic gymnastics after watching Barbare train.

### Junior

In early April 2023, she was 12th in the all-around at the MTM International tournament in Ljubljana. In November she was a dancer for the Georgian entry at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in Nice, France.
In 2024 she was 8th in the all-around and 6th with hoop at the Ritam Cup in Belgrade. She also won bronze with clubs. In early May she competed at the first European Cup in Baku, where she was 9th in teams and 5th in the ribbon final. She was selected for the European Championships and took 19th place in teams. In the event finals, she won bronze with the ribbon behind Amalia Lică and Dara Malinova.

## Routine music information

| Year | Apparatus | Music title |
| 2024 | Hoop | |
| 2024 | Ball | |
| 2024 | Clubs | |
| 2024 | Ribbon | Be Italian by Fergie |
# Nauru Congregational Church

The Nauru Congregational Church (NCC) is the largest religious denomination in Nauru, claiming as members approximately 60% of Nauru's population of about 10,000.
In the 2011 census, it was noted that those affiliating to the NCC made up 35.7% of the island's population, 3,552 out of 9,945 people. In the following census, 10 years later in 2021, 4,001 people, out of a population of 11,680 people (34.3%) claimed affiliation with the NCC. This was followed very closely by the Roman Catholic Church with 3,959 (33.9%).
The NCC is a Protestant Congregationalist denomination. It has seven congregations in Nauru. Each of the congregations is headed by a deacon. Rene Harris, a former president of Nauru, has served as the general secretary of the church.
In 2015, Pastor Wanda Joleen Hiram and Pastor Ruth Omodien Garabwan became the first women to be ordained as ministers in the NCC.
# Benny Valenzuela

Benjamín Valenzuela Beltrán (2 June 1933 – 24 October 2018) was a Mexican professional baseball player, a third baseman who appeared in ten Major League Baseball games for the St. Louis Cardinals during the 1958 season. Nicknamed "Papelero" in his native Mexico, he threw and batted right-handed, stood 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) tall and weighed 175 pounds (79 kg).

## Career

His abbreviated MLB service notwithstanding, Valenzuela played 20 years in professional baseball (1952–71), with the last decade spent exclusively in the Double-A Mexican League and lower-classification Mexican minor leagues. He began his pro career with the Bisbee-Douglas Copper Kings, an unaffiliated team in the Class C Arizona–Texas League, then was drafted into the Cardinal organization in 1955. After hitting .314 and .286 in consecutive seasons with the Double-A Houston Buffaloes in 1956–57, he received early- and late-season auditions with the 1958 Redbirds, spending the bulk of that year with Triple-A Omaha. He singled in his first MLB at bat off Johnny Podres of the Los Angeles Dodgers on April 27, but overall collected only three hits in 14 at bats with a base on balls during his lone big-league campaign. At the close of the 1958 season, Valenzuela was traded to the San Francisco Giants in a five-player transaction that netted the Cardinals right-handed pitcher Ernie Broglio.
Valenzuela owed his nickname, "Papelero", because he worked as a paperboy; he also worked as batboy for the Cañeros de Los Mochis before turning into a professional baseball player.
After his playing retirement, he became manager of the Alijadores de Tampico in the Mexican League, winning one title in 1975.
He was inducted into the Mexican Professional Baseball Hall of Fame in 1986.
Valenzuela died on 24 October 2018 in his hometown Los Mochis, Sinaloa.
# Bill Cronin (baseball)

William Patrick Cronin (December 26, 1902 – October 26, 1966) was an American professional baseball player and manager. He played in Major League Baseball as a catcher for the Boston Braves between 1928 and 1931. He threw and batted right-handed and was listed as 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) tall and 167 pounds (76 kg).

## Biography

Nicknamed "Crungy", Cronin was born in the village of West Newton, Massachusetts, and played college baseball for Boston College. In 1923 and 1924, he played summer baseball for Falmouth of the Cape Cod Baseball League, batting .420 in 1923.
Cronin made his major league debut with the Braves in 1928. Over parts of four seasons with Boston, he collected 68 hits, including 15 doubles and two triples, in 126 games played. In 1930 and 1931, he served as the primary backup catcher to regular Al Spohrer. For most of the rest of that decade, Cronin toiled in the top-level Pacific Coast League. He became a player-manager in 1942, and skippered four minor league clubs over all or parts of four seasons.
Cronin died in his home city of Newton at the age of 63.
# Bill Stewart (baseball)

William Wayne Stewart (April 12, 1928 – September 25, 2013) was an American professional baseball player. The outfielder appeared in 11 Major League games played for the Kansas City Athletics in 1955. A native of Bay City, Michigan, he threw and batted right-handed, stood 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) tall and weighed 185 pounds (84 kg).
Stewart attended Michigan State University, where he played baseball. He signed with the Philadelphia Athletics in 1949 and his professional baseball career lasted for nine seasons and 971 games, all but 51 of them in the Athletics' organization. In his 1955 big-league trial, Stewart began the season (the A's first in Kansas City) on the varsity, and went hitless in three at bats during April. Sent to the Triple-A Columbus Jets, Stewart hit .299 with 12 home runs in 92 games. He was recalled by Kansas City when the rosters expanded in September, and played in eight more games, three as a starting outfielder.
On September 11, 1955, in the second game of a doubleheader, Stewart started in right field and collected his only two MLB hits, a single and a double off veteran left-hander Eddie Lopat of the Baltimore Orioles. Baltimore won, 4–2, with Lopat recording the penultimate victory of his pitching career.
# Bill Tuttle

William Robert Tuttle (July 4, 1929 – July 27, 1998) was an American professional baseball player. Primarily a center fielder, he appeared in 1,270 games played in Major League Baseball over 11 seasons for the Detroit Tigers (1952; 1954–1957), Kansas City Athletics (1958–1961) and Minnesota Twins (1961–1963). Tuttle also played 85 games as a third baseman during 1961 for the Twins; they were the only MLB games he ever played at the "hot corner." He threw and batted right-handed, stood 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and weighed 190 pounds (86 kg).

## Baseball career

Tuttle was born and grew up in Cramer, a small farming community located south of Elmwood, Illinois, and three miles southeast of Farmington, where his parents operated a general store. After attending Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois, he played in his first major league game on September 10, 1952.
In his 11-year career, Tuttle had a .259 batting average, with 149 doubles, 47 triples, 67 home runs and 443 RBIs. He had 1,105 career hits. His best offensive seasons came in 1955 and 1959. In the former year, he reached career highs in runs scored (102), home runs (14) and runs batted in (78). In the latter season, Tuttle batted .300 for the only time in his MLB tenure, collecting 139 hits in 126 games. Throughout his career, he was considered one of the most reliable defensive players in the game, leading all American League outfielders in putouts in 1955 and 1960 and assists in 1959 and 1960. He also led center fielders in assists in 1955, 1956 and 1958.
Tuttle wore the number 13 because he thought it brought him good luck. He was also superstitious about his glove, always having a teammate hold it for him while his team was batting during an inning. He would have the same teammate hold it until he had a bad game; then, he would give a different teammate the job.

## Advocacy

On practically every baseball card issued for Tuttle, as well as in a number of photographs, a large bulge of chewing tobacco is evident in his cheek. Tuttle died in Anoka, Minnesota, at the age of 69, and oral cancer was in all likelihood the cause of his death. Tuttle was diagnosed with oral cancer five years before his death, and used the last half-decade of his life to raise awareness as an active volunteer for the National Spit Tobacco Education Program (NSTEP). of Oral Health America.
During the last years of his life, Tuttle was facially disfigured on his right cheek due to extensive surgery for oral cancer. He traveled widely as a public speaker, warning major league players of the dangers of chewing tobacco. "It's going to be pretty hard to tell someone making $4 million a year not to chew", he admitted. "So what we're trying to do is get it off TV."
After being diagnosed with oral cancer, he was interviewed for a Reader's Digest article entitled "My War With A Smoke Free Killer" in which he detailed how he was introduced to chewing tobacco by a teammate while sidelined with an injury and subsequently became addicted. The article showed pictures of a disfigured Tuttle after his many facial surgeries.
# Smoothwater Lake

Smoothwater Lake is a lake in Timiskaming District, Northeastern Ontario, Canada, located in Lady Evelyn-Smoothwater Provincial Park. It is the source of the Montreal River.
# Norman Roth

Norman Roth is an American historian and author.