OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Law Terms Act 1830

The Law Terms Act 1830 (11 Geo. 4. & 1 Will. 4. c. 70) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made various changes to the court system of England and Wales.
Section 8 granted direct appeal from the Court of Common Pleas to the Court of Exchequer Chamber, rather than indirectly through the King's Bench.
Section 14 abolished the independent jurisdiction of the courts of session of the County Palatine of Chester.
Section 15 was repealed by section 56 of, and Part IV of Schedule 11 to, the Courts Act 1971.
In a report dated 27 September 1985, the Law Commission and the Scottish Law Commission said that section 32 was the only provision that had not been repealed. They said that local consultation had confirmed it was obsolete and unnecessary. They recommended the whole Act be repealed. The Act was completely repealed by Group 1 of Part I of Schedule 1 to the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1986 on 2 May 1986.
# Winnie Mølgaard

Winnie Mølgaard (born 28 July 1977) is a Danish former handball player. She was part of the Danish team that won the 2002 European championship on home soil.
She also won silver medals at the 2004 European championship and participated in the 2000 European championship, where Denmark finished 11th.
She was initially not part of the squad for the 2002 European Championship, but was included in the team when Lotte Kiærskou broke her finger a day before the tournament.
She played her last national team match against Germany on 15 October 2005.
She began her senior career at DHG Odense in 1996 as an amateur player. She joined GOG Håndbold in 1998, as she wanted to play at the top division. She turned professional when she joined Spanish top team Ferrobus Mislata from Valencia for a year in the 2000–2001 season. Afterwards she returned to GOG. She extended her contract in 2006 until 2008. She retired in 2007.
# Pyarelal Khandelwal

Pyarelal Khandelwal (6 April 1925 – 6 October 2009) was a Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh pracharak and Bharatiya Janata Party politician in India.

## Career

He served as a member of the Parliament of India representing Madhya Pradesh in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.
Khandelwal beat Digvijay Singh in the Indian general election of 1989, being returned as the member for the Rajgarh Lok Sabha constituency.

## Death

Khandelwal died following a cardiac arrest on 6 October 2009. He was 84 years old and had been suffering from cancer.
# Jake Lemoine

Jacob Alan Lemoine (born November 28, 1993) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played one season in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Oakland Athletics in 2022.

## High school and college

Lemoine attended Bridge City High School in Bridge City, Texas. He was drafted in the 21st round, 666th overall, of the 2012 MLB draft by the Texas Rangers but did not sign. He attended the University of Houston for three years (2013–2015), playing college baseball for the Cougars. He played for the 2014 USA Baseball Collegiate National Team, going 2–2 with a 2.45 ERA in 18+1⁄3 innings for them. During his junior year of 2015, he suffered a right shoulder injury that limited him to just 5 games that season.

## Professional career
### Texas Rangers

He was drafted in the 4th round, 108th overall, of the 2015 MLB draft by the Texas Rangers and signed with them for a $528,000 bonus. Lemoine did not appear in a professional game in 2015 and 2016, after dealing with right shoulder problems that led to rotator cuff surgery. He made his professional debut in 2017 with the Hickory Crawdads of the Single–A South Atlantic League, going 3–4 with a 2.96 ERA in 70 innings. He spent the 2018 season with the Down East Wood Ducks of the High–A Carolina League, going 3–4 with a 2.40 ERA in 56 innings. He split the 2019 season between the Frisco RoughRiders of the Double-A Texas League and the Nashville Sounds of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League, going a combined 2–2 with a 4.45 ERA over 54+2⁄3 innings. Lemoine did not play in 2020 due to the cancellation of the Minor League Baseball season because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Lemoine spent the 2021 season with the Round Rock Express of the Triple-A West, going 7–4 with a 2.86 ERA and 43 strikeouts over 56+2⁄3 innings. He became a free agent following the 2021 season.

### Oakland Athletics

On January 8, 2022, Lemoine signed a minor league contract with the Oakland Athletics. On April 7, the Athletics selected Lemoine's contract, adding him to their opening day roster. He made 9 appearances for Oakland, working to a 7.71 ERA with 13 strikeouts in 16+1⁄3 innings pitched. Lemoine was designated for assignment on July 12. He cleared waivers and was sent outright to the Triple-A Las Vegas Aviators on July 16. Lemoine spent the remainder of the year in Triple-A, posting a 2–1 record and 4.95 ERA with 26 strikeouts in 36+1⁄3 innings of work. He elected free agency following the season on November 10.

### Lancaster Barnstormers

On April 12, 2023, Lemoine signed with the Lancaster Barnstormers of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. In 6 starts for Lancaster, he posted a 1–3 record and 5.57 ERA with 19 strikeouts in 32+1⁄3 innings pitched. With Lancaster, Lemoine won the Atlantic League championship.
Lemoine retired from professional baseball following the 2023 season.
# Oscar Taylor House

The Oscar Taylor House is a historic house in the city of Freeport, Illinois. The house was built in 1857 and served as a "station" on the Underground Railroad during the American Civil War. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

## History

The Oscar Taylor House was built for Freeport banker and attorney Oscar Taylor in 1857. Taylor, the son of Speaker of the House John W. Taylor, opened Freeport's first bank in 1852. The house became a social and cultural center in Freeport, hosting many prominent guests. During the American Civil War the house was used as a station on the Underground Railroad. Fugitive slaves were hidden in the basement behind a secret door fronted with shelving. The door still remains. The house was in the Taylor family until 1944 when it was gifted to form the Stephenson County Historical Society and turned into a historic house museum.

## Architecture

The Taylor House is an Italianate stone house of locally quarried, rough-faced limestone. It was designed by Otis L. Wheelock of the Chicago firm, Boyington and Wheelock. The house was the first of Freeport's large houses. The house is two stories tall with a full basement and full attic. It has a symmetrical plan but its symmetry is not plainly obvious because of the building's varied composition. It is topped by a cupola above and a projecting kitchen wing below, and also possesses projecting polygonal bays and a rear sunroom. These factors make the structure's symmetry difficult to discern.

## Historic significance

The Oscar Taylor House is significant in the areas of commerce and architecture. In the commerce area it is significant because of its association with Oscar Taylor, a prominent local businessman. It is also a good example of an Italianate mansion and was important as a stop on the Underground Railroad. The Oscar Taylor House was added to the National Register of Historic Places May 11, 1984.
# Melones Dam (Cuba)

The Melones Dam, also known as the Mayarí Dam, is a concrete-face rock-fill dam on the Mayarí River about 7 km (4.3 mi) south of Mayarí in Holguín Province, Cuba. It is the tallest dam in the country and the center-piece of the East–West Transvase System.

## Overview

The system aims to connect various watersheds in the water-rich Holguín Province to cities and towns within the province and to the drier Las Tunas and Camagüey Provinces to the west. The project is still under construction but when complete it will comprise six reservoirs and hundreds of miles of canals and pipes. Its 630,000,000 m$^3$ (510,000 acre⋅ft) reservoir will help supply much of the water. Within the system, it will connect to the Sabanilla Reservoir to the west and the Levisa Reservoir to the east.

## History

The project originally began in the 1980s but stalled due to economic problems. It since restarted in 2005 under the supervision of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces. The first phase was complete in 2009 and the Melones Dam was finished in 2011.
# Tim Kubinski

Timothy Mark Kubinski (born January 20, 1972) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball, 1997 and 1999, for the Oakland Athletics.

## Early years

Kubinski was named co-San Luis Obispo County Player of the Year by the Telegram-Tribune in 1990 after winning all 12 of his mound appearances with a 1.02 ERA and batting .324 for SLO High School. He led the Tigers to the CIF Southern Section Division 4A title as a senior.

## Career

Kubinski attended UCLA, and in 1992 he played collegiate summer baseball with the Cotuit Kettleers of the Cape Cod Baseball League, where he was named a league all-star.
He was selected by Oakland in the 7th round of the 1993 MLB Draft, as the Athletics used the 209th overall choice to pick him.
# Athole F.C.

Athole Football Club was a 19th-century football club from Partick, in Glasgow.

## History

The club was founded in 1879, the club taking its name from its meeting place of the Athole Arms Hotel, with 60 members. The club's name was sometimes rendered as Athol but it was officially registered as Athole.
It was active in its first season, playing 38 matches. This included one match in the 1879–80 Scottish Cup - the club gained a walkover against Blythswood in the first round, which had amalgamated with the Derby club in October 1878, so its entry appears to have been either a mistake or wishful thinking. In the second round, the club lost 9–0 at home to South Western, despite some "pretty play" and good form shown by Thomson, Hunter, and Marshall.
The club however improved during the season, and a 10-man scratch side held the 3rd Lanark Rifle Volunteers to a draw in January 1880. In the 1880–81 Scottish Cup, the club drew 1–1 at home to Whitefield; logically the replay should have been at Whitefield, but Athole protested on the basis of "an irregularity in the appointment of referees", so the replay was at a neutral venue in Govan; Athole won 2–1 in extra-time. In the second round, Athole lost 1–0 at Alexandra Athletic, Duncan scoring the winner with a high shot with 4 minutes to go. Athole by now was prominent enough as a side to undertake a tour of north-east England over Christmas and New Year in 1880–81.
The club entered the 1881–82 Scottish Cup, and was drawn at home to Ingram, but, despite this improvement in trajectory, Athole had disbanded before the tie was due to be played - as indeed had Ingram. The final club secretary, Joseph Halley, later took up the same role at Cowlairs.

## Colours

The club played in navy blue jerseys and stockings trimmed with gold, with white knickers.

## Grounds

Athole played at Merkland Park in Partick, effectively evicting Rosslyn, which had to move to the University of Glasgow grounds.
# Qaidi (1940 film)

Qaidi (meaning The Prisoner) is a Bollywood film directed by S.F. Hasnain. It was released in 1940. It stars Madhuri and Mehtab and Ramola Devi.
# Sefa Akgün

Sefa Akgün (born 30 June 2000) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Erzurumspor.

## Professional career

A youth product of Trabzonspor, signed with Erzurumspor F.K. on 4 July 2018. Akgün made his professional debut with Erzurumspor F.K. in a 2-0 Süper Lig win over Kayserispor on 26 May 2019.

## International career

Akgün represented the Turkey U17s at the 2017 UEFA European Under-17 Championship and 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup.
# Scratching post

A scratching post is a wooden post covered in rough material that cat owners provide so their pets have an acceptable place to scratch. The most common type consists of a wooden post, roughly 60–90 cm (24–35 in) tall, covered in rough fabric or sisal. The post is mounted vertically in a wide base, which allows the cat to stretch upward on its rear legs and scratch freely without tipping it over. A post that is unstable or does not allow a cat to fully extend its body might put off the cat from using it. Surfaces vary: the post may be covered in sisal rope, upholstery fabric, the jute backing of a piece of carpet, or sections of corrugated cardboard. Many pet owners say they have to experiment with different surfaces to find one that their cats will scratch reliably. Matt Wildman, a cat behaviorist, explained that sisal or corrugated cardboard surfaces are favored by most cats. Other kinds of scratching posts are more elaborate, with several levels of horizontal platforms for climbing and cozy cave-like areas where cats may hide. Very tall ones are often called "cat trees." These may have a vertical tension rod that extends to the ceiling to provide extra stability.

## Why cats scratch

Cats have a natural urge to scratch. As cats are predators it is a reflex for them to sharpen their claws. Other functional reasons they do it include removing the outer sheath of the nail, exercising the muscles of the paws, and stretching. Scratching is also a social outlet for cats that facilitates communication. Cats have scent glands in their paws, allowing them to leave their scents and pheromones on surfaces to mark territory.

## Gallery

* A corrugated fiberboard scratching pad
* A wickerwork cat pole
* A variety of scratching posts for sale at a cat show
* An actual tree trunk used as a scratching post
* Cat tree with 2 cats
# Exon trapping

Exon trapping is a molecular biology technique to identify potential exons in a fragment of eukaryote DNA of unknown intron-exon structure. This is done to determine if the fragment is part of an expressed gene.
The genomic fragment is inserted into the intron of a 'splicing vector' consisting of a known exon - intron - exon sequence of DNA, and the vector is then inserted into a eukaryotic cell. If the fragment does not contain exons (i.e., consists solely of intron DNA), it will be spliced out together with the vector's original intron. On the other hand, if exons are contained, they will be part of the mature mRNA after transcription (with all intron material removed). The presence of 'trapped exons' can be detected by an increase in size of the mRNA, or through RT-PCR to amplify the DNA of interest.
The technique has largely been supplanted by the approach of sequencing cDNA generated from mRNA and then using bioinformatics tools such as NCBI's BLAST server to determine the source of the sequence, thereby identifying the appropriate exon-intron splice sites.
# Puthrakameshti

Puthrakameshti is a 1972 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Crossbelt Mani. The film stars Madhu, Sheela, Kaviyoor Ponnamma and Adoor Bhasi in the lead roles. The film had musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.

## Cast

* Madhu
* Sheela
* Kaviyoor Ponnamma
* Adoor Bhasi
* Prema
* Bahadoor
* Meena
* Rani Chandra
* Vanchiyoor Radha
* Veeran

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by V. Dakshinamoorthy and the lyrics were written by Vayalar Ramavarma.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Chandrikaa Charchithamaam" | K. P. Brahmanandan | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 2 | "Enikku Melammo" | K. J. Yesudas, P. Leela, Chorus, Adoor Pankajam | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 3 | "Maasam Madhumaasam" | S. Janaki | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 4 | "Ormakale" | P. Susheela | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 5 | "Thottu Maraname" | K. J. Yesudas | Vayalar Ramavarma |
# Comuns Sumar

Comuns Sumar (English: Commons Unite) is a Catalan-based electoral alliance formed by Catalunya en Comú, Barcelona in Common and Movimiento Sumar ahead of the 2024 Catalan regional election.

## Composition

Party :
| Catalonia In Common (CatComú) |
| Barcelona in Common (BComú) |
| Movimiento Sumar (SMR) | Movimiento Sumar (SMR) |

## Electoral performance

Parliament of Catalonia :
| Election | Leading candidate | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
| 2024 | Jéssica Albiach | 181,795 | 5.80 (#6) | 6 / 135 | 2 | Confidence and supply |
# Qatil Aur Ashiq

Qatil Aur Aashiq is a 1986 Bollywood action film directed by Swaroop Kumar starring Javed Khan as the hero and Shoma Anand as heroine.

## Cast

* Javed Khan
* Shoma Anand
* Vijayendra Ghatge
* Zarina Wahab
* Kalpana Iyer
* Raza Murad
* Om Shivpuri

## Music

Lyrics: Anjaan
* "Garma Garam Meri Jawani" – Alka Yagnik, Vinay Mandke
* "Moti Moti Rotiya Pakana Tu Dhobaniya" – Kishore Kumar, Anuradha Paudwal
* "Pyar Hota Hai Kya" – Asha Bhosle, Suresh Wadkar
* "Sawan Ke Mausam Mein Dil" – Suresh Wadkar, Anuradha Paudwal
* "Teri Meri Preet" – Asha Bhosle, Shabbir Kumar
# Danella Bagnall

Danella Bagnall (born Coventry ) is a British automotive engineer. She is chief product engineer, at Jaguar Land Rover. She was named to the Autocar Hall of Fame.

## Life

She started work with Austin Rover. She worked on the development of Discovery 3, Range Rover Sport, Jaguar XJ, Range Rover Evoque. and Jaguar F-Pace. She worked in China on ACES technology.
She promotes young women training in STEM engineering careers.
# ARM Cortex-X4

The ARM Cortex-X4 is a high-performance CPU core from Arm, released in 2023 as part of Arm's "total compute solution." It serves as the successor of ARM Cortex-X3. X-series CPU cores generally focus on high performance, and can be grouped with other ARM cores, such as ARM Cortex-A720 or/and ARM Cortex-A520 in a System-on-Chip (SoC).

## Architecture changes
   ### in comparison with ARM Cortex-X3

The processor implements the following changes:
* micro-op (MOP) cache removed (previously 1.5k entries)
* Decode width: 10
* Rename / Dispatch width: 10 (increased from 8)
* Reorder buffer (ROB): 384 entries (increased from 320)
* Execution ports: 21 (increased from 15)
* Pipeline length: 10 (increased from 9)
* Up to 2 MiB of private L2 cache (increased from 1 MiB)
* DSU-120
** Up to 14 cores (up from 12 cores)
** Up to 32 MiB of shared L3 cache (increased from 16 MiB)
* ARMv9.2
Performance claims:
* 15% peak performance improvement over the Cortex-X3 in smartphones (3.4GHz, 2MB L2, 8MB L3).
* 13% IPC uplift over the Cortex-X3, when based on the same process, clock speed, and L3 cache (but 2 MiB L2 vs 1 MiB L2) setup (also known as ISO-process).

## Architecture comparison

| uArch | Cortex-A78 | Cortex-X1 | Cortex-X2 | Cortex-X3 | Cortex-X4 | Cortex-X925 | Cortex-X930 |
| Code name | Hercules | Hera | Matterhorn-ELP | Makalu-ELP | Hunter-ELP | Blackhawk | Travis |
| Architecture | ARMv8.2 | ARMv8.2 | ARMv9 | ARMv9 | ARMv9.2 | ARMv9.2 | ARMv9.2 |
| Peak clock speed | ~3.0 GHz | ~3.0 GHz | ~3.0 GHz | ~3.25 GHz | ~3.4 GHz | ~3.8 GHz | ~ |
| Decode Width | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 10 | |
| Dispatch | 6/cycle | 8/cycle | 8/cycle | 8/cycle | 10/cycle | 10/cycle | |
| Max in-flight | 2x160 | 2x224 | 2x288 | 2x320 | 2x384 | 2x768 | |
| L0 (Mops entries) | 1536 | 3,072 | 3,072 | 1536 | None | | |
| L1-I + L1-D | 32+32 KiB | 64+64 KiB | 64+64 KiB | 64+64 KiB | 64+64 KiB | 64+64 KiB | |
| L2 | 128–512 KiB | 256KiB – 1 MiB | 256KiB – 1 MiB | 256KiB – 1 MiB | 0.5 – 2 MiB | 0.5 – 3 MiB | |
| L3 | 0–8 MiB | 0–8 MiB | 0–16 MiB | 0–16 MiB | 0–32 MiB | 0–32 MiB | |

## Usage

* Google Tensor G4
* MediaTek Dimensity 9300/9300+
* Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 (2023)
# Puzha (film)

Puzha is a 1980 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Jeassy. The film stars Sukumari, Srividya, Manavalan Joseph and Sankaradi in the lead roles. The film has a musical score by M. K. Arjunan.

## Cast

* M. G. Soman
* Ravikumar
* Alummoodan
* Manavalan Joseph
* Sankaradi
* Sukumari
* Srividya
* Ambika
* Meena
* Reena

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by M. K. Arjunan and the lyrics were written by P. Bhaskaran.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Anuvaadamillaathe Akathu Vannu" | K. J. Yesudas | P. Bhaskaran |
| 2 | "Cheppadi Vidya Ithuverum" | K. J. Yesudas | P. Bhaskaran |
| 3 | "Kizhakkonnu Thuduthal" | Vani Jairam | P. Bhaskaran |
| 4 | "Thappo Thappo" | Vani Jairam | P. Bhaskaran |

## Accolades

* 1980 Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam – Srividya
# Volodymyrets

Volodymyrets (Ukrainian: Володимирець; Russian: Влaдимирец; Polish: Włodzimierzec) is a rural settlement in Rivne Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. The town was also formerly he administrative center of Volodymyrets Raion (district), housing the district's local administration buildings until the raion's abolition, but is now administered within Varash Raion. Its population is 8,699 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 9,315 (2022 estimate).
The settlement is located at the confluence of the Styr and Horyn rivers.

## History

Volodymyrets was first founded in ancient Kievan Rus' times, and it acquired the status of an urban-type settlement in 1957. On 26 January 2024, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Volodymyrets became a rural settlement.

## Notable people

* Max Kidruk — Ukrainian writer.
* Lesia Tsurenko — Ukrainian tennis player.
# Lola Gjoka

Lola Gjoka Aleksi (22 May 1910 – 6 October 1985) was an Albanian pianist during the period of the Communist regime.

## Life

Gjoka was born in Sevastopol in 1910, into an Albanian family. She began learning the piano at the age of six, and her success was such that her father arranged for her to have lessons from the pianist Karalovy. In 1932 her family moved to Korçë, where Gjoka worked as an accompanist for singers including the soprano Tefta Tashko-Koço, the Albanian folk singer Marie Kraja, and Mihal Ciko.
In 1933 she won a significant prize in an international piano competition in Vienna, which got her a job to teach piano at the Institute for Girls in Tirana. She graduated with honours from the Athens Conservatory in 1936.
Gjoka, along with Maria Kraja, a notable singer of traditional Albanian Urban Lyric Songs, worked together and they recorded over 300 songs. By today's standards the recordings were not prefect; however they still survive today as a record of Albanian musical culture.
During the Italian occupation of Albania Gjoka appeared in Italian stages. In November 1944 she played at a concert in Tirana to celebrate the end of German occupation. She was one of the first teachers at the "Jordan Misja" high school in 1947. The school was targeted at artistically talented children. Additionally, in 1951, Gjoka became a concertmaster at the State Philharmonic Orchestra of Albania. As a result, Gjoka translated the libretto from Antonín Dvořák's opera Rusalka into Albanian.
On 15 January 1962 a Conservatory was founded in Tirana (Konservatori Shteteror i Tiranes, which was merged in 1966 into the Academy of Arts in Tirana), and Gjoka was in the first group of teachers she combined with giving concerts. She primarily performed in Albania, but she also presented to China, Bulgaria, Greece, the USSR, Romania, and Cuba. In 1976 she appeared in the film Tinguj lufte (Sounds of War) as a pianist and three years later she also appeared in the movie Ballë për ballë (Face to Face).
Gjoka died in Tirana in 1985, at the age of 75. For her work she was awarded the titles of "Merited Artist" and "People's Artist". An award for young pianists in Albania was founded in her name.
In 2002, Hamide Stringa wrote her biography.