# Grasshopper Manufacture

Grasshopper Manufacture Inc. (株式会社グラスホッパー・マニファクチュア, Kabushiki Gaisha Gurasuhoppā Manifakuchua) is a Japanese video game developer founded on March 30, 1998 by Goichi Suda. They are well known for creating titles such as Killer7 and the No More Heroes series.

## History

The company was founded on March 30, 1998 in Suginami, Japan. Its founder, Goichi Suda, gave two reasons why he chose the name "Grasshopper:" The first being a reference to the song of the same name by UK band Ride, which he was listening to on repeat when forming the company. The second reason is that originally he wanted to use a Japanese word "battamon" as the company name. "Batta" means "grasshopper" and "mon" is "a thing" and when you put the words together, it means "copy or fake." However, he later changed his mind and stuck to Grasshopper instead. The word "Manufacture" was added in because his game company was about "building things."
Headed by Suda, GhM were responsible for several original titles, ones that are also fraught with financial risk, but ultimately gained international mainstream attention in 2005 for the GameCube and PlayStation 2 game Killer7. Following releases included Michigan: Report from Hell (released in Japan, Europe), the Nintendo DS game Contact, the Wii game No More Heroes and its sequel No More Heroes 2: Desperate Struggle, and Shadows of the Damned. Potential losses were often made up by the development of games based on popular anime franchises, such as Samurai Champloo: Sidetracked, Blood+: One Night Kiss, and Rebuild of Evangelion: Sound Impact. In May 2007, Suda announced during a speech at the 2007 Game Developers Conference that Grasshopper was at the time working on three titles for the Wii, two of which were released: No More Heroes and Fatal Frame IV. There is no available information on the status of the third Wii game in development then.
Grasshopper was said to be working on an Xbox 360 title, and presented a concept for a PlayStation 3 game called Kurayami, a non-linear action-adventure inspired by the worrying and confused universe of the Czech writer Franz Kafka, whom Suda admires. This was later cancelled and reincorporated ideas were put into the game Shadows of the Damned. In 2010, Yasuhiro Wada joined Grasshopper Manufacture as COO. He then left Grasshopper, and founded the company Toybox in 2011. During development of Shadows of the Damned, the employee count of Grasshopper would double to 140.
On 30 January 2013, Grasshopper Manufacture was acquired by GungHo Online Entertainment. Their first title released under GungHo was Let It Die. In 2018, the company would post a notice of an absorption-type split over issues in management, confirming that new Grasshopper Manufacture, Inc. would now operate independently of GungHo and work on their own intellectual property such as No More Heroes under Goichi Suda's management. The old Grasshopper Manufacture, Inc. (currently Supertrick Games) would retain a majority of Grasshopper staff at the time, which would be assigned to work on GungHo-owned IP such as Let It Die. Grasshopper Manufacture would subsequently downsize to a more indie scaled studio, hosting 20 employees as of 2019.
The company's first title developed after the split was Travis Strikes Again: No More Heroes, a spinoff entry in the No More Heroes series, marketed as a return for the franchise, a tribute to indie games and a commemorative title for Grasshopper Manufacture's history. The game was followed up with No More Heroes III, the first proper mainline installment for the franchise since 2010. The game retains the core development team from the previous title and was developed in collaboration with outsourced staff, being self-published by Grasshopper Manufacture, with physical distribution assistance from Nintendo. As a pair, the games mark Goichi Suda's return to a directorial role, having not directed a game since the original No More Heroes in 2007.
Grasshopper was acquired from GungHo by NetEase Games by October 2021. In announcing the acquisition, Grasshopper stated that they had plans for at least three major games in the next ten years. In May 2022, it was revealed that Grasshopper opened a new studio named Yabukiri Studio, while they teased the announcement of a new game.

## Games developed

| Year | Title | Publisher | Platform(s) | Notes |
| 1999 | The Silver Case | ASCII Entertainment | PlayStation | — |
| 2001 | Flower, Sun, and Rain | Victor Interactive Software | PlayStation 2 | — |
| 2002 | Shining Soul | Sega | Game Boy Advance | Co-developed with Nextech |
| 2003 | Shining Soul II | Sega | Game Boy Advance | Co-developed with Nextech |
| 2004 | Michigan: Report from Hell | Spike | PlayStation 2 | — |
| 2005 | killer7 | Capcom | GameCube, PlayStation 2 | Co-developed with Capcom Production Studio 4 |
| 2005 | The 25th Ward: The Silver Case | Genki | Mobile | — |
| 2006 | Samurai Champloo: Sidetracked | Namco Bandai Games | PlayStation 2 | — |
| 2006 | Contact | Marvelous Entertainment | Nintendo DS | — |
| 2006 | Blood+: One Night Kiss | Namco Bandai Games | PlayStation 2 | — |
| 2007 | No More Heroes | Marvelous Entertainment | Wii | — |
| 2008 | Fatal Frame: Mask of the Lunar Eclipse | Nintendo | Wii | Co-developed with Tecmo and Nintendo SPD |
| 2010 | No More Heroes 2: Desperate Struggle | Marvelous Entertainment | Wii | — |
| 2011 | Frog Minutes | Grasshopper Manufacture | iOS | — |
| 2011 | Shadows of the Damned | Electronic Arts | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — |
| 2011 | Rebuild of Evangelion: Sound Impact | Namco Bandai Games | PlayStation Portable | — |
| 2012 | Sine Mora | Digital Reality | Android, iOS, Ouya, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, Windows, Xbox 360 | Co-developed with Digital Reality |
| 2012 | Diabolical Pitch | Microsoft Studios | Xbox 360 | — |
| 2012 | Liberation Maiden | Level-5 | Nintendo 3DS, iOS | — |
| 2012 | Lollipop Chainsaw | Kadokawa Games | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — |
| 2012 | No More Heroes: World Ranker | Marvelous AQL | Android, iOS | — |
| 2012 | Black Knight Sword | Digital Reality | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | Co-developed with Digital Reality |
| 2013 | Killer Is Dead | Kadokawa Games | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | — |
| 2014 | Ranko Tsukigime's Longest Day | Bandai Namco Games | PlayStation 3 | Co-developed with Crispy's! |
| 2016 | Let It Die | GungHo Online Entertainment | PlayStation 4, Windows | Co-developed with Supertrick Games |
| 2019 | Travis Strikes Again: No More Heroes | Grasshopper Manufacture | Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows | PlayStation and Windows versions published by Marvelous |
| 2021 | No More Heroes III | Grasshopper Manufacture | Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Windows | — |

## Ports and remakes

Despite the commercial and critical success of No More Heroes: Heroes' Paradise, it was not well received among fans or by Suda51 himself and he would only recommend the original Wii version, even years later. Ever since, Suda51 has wanted to be involved in ports of Grasshopper's works, but due to ownership rights, this has not always been possible.
| Year | Title | Publisher | Developer | Platform(s) | Supervised by Grasshopper Manufacture | Notes |
| 2008 | Flower, Sun, and Rain: Murder and Mystery in Paradise | Marvelous Entertainment | h.a.n.d. | Nintendo DS | Yes | Expanded port with additional puzzles. |
| 2010 | No More Heroes: Heroes' Paradise | Marvelous Entertainment | Feelplus AQ Interactive | PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 | No | Features new HD assets and includes bosses from No More Heroes 2. Red Zone Edition developed by AQ Interactive |
| 2014 | Killer is Dead: Nightmare Edition | Kadokawa Games | Digital Works Entertainment | Windows | No | — |
| 2016 | The Silver Case | Grasshopper Manufacture | Active Gaming Media | Linux, macOS, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows | Yes | HD remaster. |
| 2017 | Sine Mora EX | THQ Nordic | Gyroscope Games | PlayStation 4, Windows, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch | No | Expanded port with new content. |
| 2018 | The 25th Ward: The Silver Case | NIS America | Active Gaming Media | Linux, macOS, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows | Yes | Full remake in HD. |
| 2018 | killer7 | NIS America | Engine Software | Windows | Yes | — |
| 2020 | No More Heroes | Marvelous | Engine Software | Amazon Luna, Nintendo Switch, Windows | Yes | — |
| 2020 | No More Heroes 2: Desperate Struggle | Marvelous | Engine Software | Amazon Luna, Nintendo Switch, Windows | Yes | — |
| 2022 | No More Heroes III | Marvelous | Bee Tribe Muteki | PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Windows | Yes | Bee Tribe responsible for PS4, Xbox One and PC versions. Muteki responsible for PS5 and Xbox Series X/S version. |
| 2023 | Fatal Frame: Mask of the Lunar Eclipse | Koei Tecmo | Koei Tecmo | Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Wii, Windows | No | Remastered with improved assets and character models. |
| 2024 | Lollipop Chainsaw RePOP | Dragami Games | Dragami Games | Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Windows | No | Remaster without the involvement of Suda51 or James Gunn. Licensed soundtrack will not return. |
| 2024 | Shadows of the Damned: Hella Remastered | NetEase Games | Engine Software | Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Windows | Yes | — |

## Canceled titles

| Title | Platform(s) | Notes |
| The Silver Case The 25th Ward: The Silver Case | Nintendo DS | Originally chosen for the DS due to its popularity, this port was set to be the first western release. Ultimately, the quality did not meet Suda's standard and it was canceled in 2012. |
| Kurayami | PlayStation 3 | Concept that would eventually evolve into Shadows of the Damned. The original incarnation had less emphasis on action. |
| Lily Bergamo | PlayStation 4 | Concept that would eventually evolve into Let It Die. Originally featured an anime artstyle and sported a female protagonist that used bandages in combat. |
| Project GMD | Unknown | Briefly shown during the 2023 Grasshopper Direct. The blurred footage depicts a cowgirl with some sort of shooting mechanic. |
| Project MGD | Unknown | Briefly shown during the 2023 Grasshopper Direct. The blurred footage depicts an explosion. |
| Project SSK | Unknown | Briefly shown during the 2023 Grasshopper Direct. The blurred footage depicts a swordsman cutting through various suited enemies with copious amounts of blood being released, reminiscent of No More Heroes. |