OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harold George Jerrard

Harold George "Jerry" Jerrard (1921 – 2013) was a British physicist known for his books with Donald Burgess McNeill. His research concerned optics, and included reviving the theory of the Poincaré sphere for modeling the behavior of polarised light, 60 years after it was suggested by Henri Poincaré and then largely forgotten. He was a reader of physics at the University of Southampton, a professor of physics at Oklahoma State University–Stillwater, and a Fellow of the Institute of Physics. He also enjoyed sailing on the Solent, and served for 20 years in local politics in the Borough of Fareham, becoming leader of the borough council, mayor, and a member of the Hampshire County Council.

## Selected publications
### Books

* Jerrard, H. G., and McNeill, D. B. (1960). Theoretical and Experimental Physics. United Kingdom: Chapman & Hall.
* Jerrard, H. G., and McNeill, D. B. (1963). A Dictionary of Scientific Units, Including Dimensionless Numbers and Scales. United Kingdom: Chapman & Hall. 6th ed., 1992.

### Articles

* Jerrard, H. G. (January 1948), "Optical compensators for measurement of elliptical polarization", Journal of the Optical Society of America, 38 (1): 35–59, doi:10.1364/JOSA.38.000035
* Jerrard, H. G. (August 1954), "Transmission of light through birefringent and optically active media: the Poincaré sphere", Journal of the Optical Society of America, 44 (8): 634–640, doi:10.1364/JOSA.44.000634
# Stuart Rigold

Stuart Eborall Rigold FSA FRHistS FRSA (8 December 1919 – 5 July 1980) was a British photographer and archaeologist, who served as president of the British Numismatic Society between 1971 and 1975 and principal inspector of England for the Inspectorate of Ancient Monuments between 1976 and 1978. He had a keen personal interest in medieval architecture on which he studied and wrote extensively, and was a pioneer of the scholarship of timber framing.

## Early life and education

The Rigold family came originally from either Germany or Austria, the surname thought to be a likely variant of Reginald, and is also found as Rigault, Rigauld and Rigaud. His father was a mining engineer, and Stuart took his middle name, Eborall from his mother's maiden name. Stuart was reportedly proud of his initials S.E.R. due to his great-grandfather having been the general manager of the South Eastern Railway.
Stuart grew up close to Rolvenden in Kent, to which he remained particularly attached. As a student at Sutton Valence he stuttered which he managed in later life.
In 1936, at the age of 17, Stuart went up to the University of St Andrews to read geology together with English, French and classics. This was, however, to be cut short by the outbreak of war. Following service at Bletchley Park, working with the Enigma outfit and becoming a warrant officer II, he went up to St. Peter's Hall, Oxford to read Greats, matriculating in 1946.

## Employment

On coming down from Oxford in 1948 a BA (later progressing to MA), Rigold joined the Inspectorate of Ancient Monuments, which was to be the primary focus of his life's work. Here he worked for 30 years, becoming principal inspector for England in his final two years.
In 1963 Rigold was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, serving on its council ten years later. He was also a prominent member of numerous other societies, including the Kent Archaeological Society, to whose publication, Archaeologia Cantiana he contributed a large number of articles. He played a prominent part in the Society for Medieval Archaeology, using his wide-ranging knowledge on the editorial committee, and also in the Royal and British Numismatic Societies, the latter of which he was president from 1971 to 1975 and gold medallist. He was familiar at both Burlington House and the Warburg Institute, where he was a highly valued contributor to discussions.
Photographs by Rigold are held in the Conway Library of art and architecture at the Courtauld Institute of Art.

## Personal life

Rigold Married Eleanor Pike in 1955, who survived him. The couple had no children.
# Martin Gutteridge

Martin Gutteridge (born April 1939) is a British special effects artist and miniature maker. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Visual Effects for the film Little Shop of Horrors.
In addition to his Academy Award nomination, he won a Primetime Emmy Award and was nominated for two more in the category Outstanding Special Visual Effects for his work on the television programs War and Remembrance and Hornblower and also the television film Ironclads. In 1971, he founded Effects Associates.

## Selected filmography

* Little Shop of Horrors (1985; co-nominated with Lyle Conway and Bran Ferren)
# Selahattin Torkal

Selahattin Torkal (1925 – 16 November 2010) was a Turkish footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Super Specula

Super Specula or Super Speculam was a decretal issued by Pope Honorius III in 1219 which had the effect of preventing the teaching of Roman civil law in Paris with the object of suppressing it in favor of canon law. It contained three parts: Sane licet sancta ecclesia, Sane licet fallax, and Volumus et Mandamus.

## Sane licet sancta ecclesia

The first part of the decretal was included in the Quinta Compilatio under the heading De Constitutionibus. It positions canon law as more necessary than Roman empire's civil law.

## Sane licet fallax

Titled Ne clerici, vel Monachi secularibus negotiis se immiseceant in the Quinta Compilatio, this section condemns the secular activities of clergy and monks, particularly mixing with the public in taverns, practicing Roman civil law or surgery, and teaching Roman civil law. The beginning of this passage gives the decretal its name.

## Volumus et Mandamus

The Quinta Compilatio designates this part De Magistris. It discusses the circumstances under which fees for instruction, scholarly advice, and degrees are or are not simony.
# François Hapipi

François Raphael Hugues Hapipi (born 10 March 1999) is a footballer who last played as a defender for Urania. Born in France, he is a Tahiti international.

## Career

Hapipi began his football career in 2008 and spent one season with hometown club ASC Pessac Alouette. The following year he joined FCE Mérignac Arlac where he stayed until 2012. He then spent one season in the academy of Ligue 1 club FC Girondins de Bordeaux before returning to Mérignac Arlac in 2013.
Hapipi started his career with French fifth tier side Mérignac-Arlac. In 2021, he signed for Urania in the Croatian third tier.
In February 2022 he was selected for the Tahiti national football team for the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifiers in Qatar.
# Jean-François Soucasse

Jean-François Soucasse (born 1 August 1972), is a French former footballer.

## Club career

Born in Toulouse, Soucasse started his career with local side Lherm, before joining Muret. He went on to represent a number of clubs in the two top French leagues, including Saint-Étienne, before joining Les Verts in a backroom staff role.

## International career

Soucasse represented France at under-21 level on four occasions in 1992.
# Musa Ahmad

Musa Ahmad (1921–2001) was a former chairman of the Communist Party of Malaya.
He joined the party in 1946 and took part in its armed struggle, also spending many years in China.
In November 1980 he and his wife Zainab Mahmud surrendered to the government of Malaysia. He then returned to his home in Kampung Pari, Ipoh and spent the 1980s engaged in anti-CPM propaganda, urging his former comrades to surrender.

## Early life

Musa was born in Kampung Pari near Ipoh, Perak in 1921. However, he did his schooling at the Sekolah Al-Masyur religious school in Penang in the 1930s.
In the struggle against the Japanese occupiers during the Second World War and later the British colonial powers, Musa was drawn to the Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya.

## Communist Party leader

He then joined the Communist Party of Malaya in 1946, and was the founding leader of a peasants group Barisan Tani Malaya . In the late 1940s, he became one of the founding leaders of the CPM's 10th regiment which was formed by the party's Malay members. Other leaders included Abdullah CD and Wahi Annuar. According to Musa, Abdullah was the commander, Wahi was the deputy commander and he himself was the political officer.
Although he was not chosen to represent the Communist Party at the Baling peace talks in 1955, he was selected as party chairman soon after.
The CPM's Central Committee decided to send him to Beijing for further studies. He arrived at Beijing with his wife and infant daughter in August 1956, where they were accommodated in the Institute of Marx and Lenin.
In 1968, Musa was removed as CPM chairman by the party's secretary-general Chin Peng. From 1969 to 1974 he lived in Beijing, China doing propaganda work for Radio Peking.

## Surrender

In November 1980 Musa and Zainab surrendered to the Malaysian authorities.
In subsequent years he gave a number of interviews to the media recounting his experiences and urging his former comrades to surrender and live in Malaysia. He said that Malay members in the CPM were manipulated and marginalised. He also said that he had returned to the Islamic faith.
In 1981, Musa claimed that CPM women's leader Shamsiah Fakeh had committed infanticide during World War II by killing her child while in the jungle to avoid capture.
Shamsiah subsequently denied the allegation in her memoirs and explained that she was convinced by fellow guerillas to give the child away to local villagers to be raised upon entering an unfamiliar district.

## Death

After the CPM itself gave up its armed struggle, Musa ceased to give interviews and lived quietly in Perak. He reportedly passed away in 2001 at the age of 80.
# ServiceMarket

ServiceMarket is an online home services marketplace based in the UAE. The website allows customers to get quotes and book home services as well as read reviews of service providers.

## Funding

ServiceMarket (previously MoveSouq) successfully closed its first and second rounds of funding in 2013 and 2015. In September 2016, the Dubai-based startup announced that it had closed a US$3 million Series A funding round led by a Russia-based venture capital firm.
# Romy González

Roman Alexander González (born September 6, 1996) is an American professional baseball utility player for the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Chicago White Sox.

## Career
### Amateur career

González attended American Senior High School. He enrolled at the University of Miami, and played college baseball for the Miami Hurricanes. In 2017, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Orleans Firebirds of the Cape Cod Baseball League, and was named a league all-star.

### Chicago White Sox

The Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB) selected González in the 18th round, with the 528th selection, of the 2018 MLB draft, In 2018 with the rookie–level Great Falls Voyagers González batted .254 with 10 home runs and 33 runs batted in (RBIs) in 54 games. In 2019, he went to the Single–A Kannapolis Intimidators. In 101 games, he batted .244 with four home runs and 45 RBIs. González did not play in a game in 2020 due to the cancellation of the minor league season because of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021, he played for both the Double–A Birmingham Barons and Triple–A Charlotte Knights. In 87 games combined, he batted .275 with 23 home runs and 57 RBI with 22 stolen bases while being caught only six times.
On September 1, 2021, González was promoted to the major leagues. He made his MLB debut on September 3 as a pinch hitter, going 0-for-2 against the Kansas City Royals. On September 8, he got his first hit, a pinch-hit single off Oakland Athletics pitcher Andrew Chafin. He finished his rookie campaign playing in 10 games and going 8–for–32 (.250) with 2 RBI.
On September 3, 2022, González hit his first career home run, a three–run shot off of Minnesota Twins starter Aaron Sanchez.
González hit .194 in 44 games for Chicago in 2023 before he was placed on the injured list with right shoulder inflammation on June 19, 2023. He was transferred to the 60-day injured list on July 2. On August 11, it was announced that González had undergone surgery to repair a labrum tear in his shoulder and would miss the remainder of the season. González was designated for assignment by the White Sox on January 26, 2024.

### Boston Red Sox

On January 31, 2024, González was claimed off waivers by the Boston Red Sox. He was optioned to the Triple–A Worcester Red Sox to begin the 2024 season. González was recalled to Boston on April 9, then placed on the injured list four days later due to a left wrist sprain. He remained on the injured list until being activated on May 8.
# Oil Trough, Arkansas

Oil Trough is a town in Independence County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 260 at the 2010 census. The town is believed to have acquired its name in the early 19th century from a trough used to render bear fat, which was sold to customers in New Orleans.

## Geography

Oil Trough is located on the south bank of the White River along Arkansas Highway 14 between Elmo, approximately four miles to the east and Rosie, five miles to the west. Arkansas Highway 122 crosses the White River about one mile east of the community, and connects to Newark, about five miles to the north.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.5 km$^2$ (0.2 mi$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 260 people, 95 households, and 66 families residing in the town. The population density was 443.0/km$^2$ (1,139.0/mi$^2$). There were 105 housing units at an average density of 213.4/km$^2$ (548.6/mi$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 93.58% White, 3.21% Black or African American, 1.38% Native American, and 1.83% from two or more races.
There were 95 households, out of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.74.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $31,528, and the median income for a family was $33,750. Males had a median income of $30,500 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,079. About 13.3% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under the age of 18 and 22.2% of those 65 or over.

## Education

Residents are zoned to the Cedar Ridge School District.
On July 1, 1990, the Oil Trough School District was dissolved, with portions going to the Newark School District and the Southside School District. The Newark district, which took Oil Trough itself, merged into the Cedar Ridge School District on July 1, 2004.
# Ljubomir Davidović

Ljubomir Davidović (24 December 1863 – 19 February 1940) was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician who served as prime minister (1919–1920 and 1924) of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later called Yugoslavia).

## Biography

Davidović was born in a village in the Kosmaj Oblast. He graduated from the science and mathematics department of the College of Arts and Sciences of the Velika škola in Belgrade.
In 1901, he became a member of the Serbian Parliament and played a part in founding the Independent Radical Party, whose leader he eventually became in 1912. He was Minister of Education in 1904; President of the Municipality of Belgrade; and President of the National Assembly in 1909. Between 1914 and 1917, he was minister of education in the cabinet under Nikola Pašić.
The next year, he became the leader of another newly founded party, the Democratic Party. As such, he was prime minister in the coalition of Democrats and Socialists between 1919 and 1920. He briefly was prime minister again in July 1924 in a Coalition of Democrats, Slovene Clericals, and Bosnian Muslims, with support from the Croatian Peasant Party. After 6 January 1929, military-monarchist coup he was one of the leaders of the so-called united opposition. He supported the restoration of parliamentarians in the country.

## Precautionary measures

On 12 December 1914, Davidović as Minister of Education and Religious Affairs, issued an order that all items—books, museum exhibits, manuscripts as well as valuable documents from the archives of institutions of culture and science—which were of particular importance and irreplaceable, be packed and dispatched for safekeeping away from the ravages of war. That order was complied by Božidar Prokić, Director of State Archives of the Kingdom of Serbia; Slobodan Jovanović, Rector of the University of Belgrade; Jovan Tomić, Director of the National Library of Serbia; Milan Grol, Director of the Serbian National Theatre; Petar Pavlović, Director of the Natural History Museum of Serbia; Sima Trojanović, Director of the Ethnographic Museum, Belgrade.

## Death

Davidović died in Belgrade in 1940.

## Works

* Spomenica: Ljubomira Davidovića, Belgrade, 1940.
# Diego Rodríguez

Diego Rodríguez may refer to:

## Politicians

* Diego Rodríguez Porcelos (died 885), son and successor of Rodrigo, count of Castile
* Diego Sinhué Rodríguez Vallejo (born 1980), Mexican politician, governor of Guanajuato (since 2018)
* Diego Rodriguez (Arizona politician), U.S. politician, Arizona State Representative

## Sportspeople

* Diego Rodríguez (footballer, born 1960), Spanish football defender
* Diego Rodríguez (footballer, born 1986), Uruguayan football left-back
* Diego Rodríguez (footballer, born 1988) (1988–2010), Uruguayan football defender
* Diego Rodríguez (footballer, born 1989), Uruguayan football defensive midfielder
* Diego Rodríguez (goalkeeper) (born 1989), Argentine football goalkeeper
* Diego Rodríguez (footballer, born 1991), Uruguayan football defender
* Diego Rodríguez (footballer, born 1995), Honduran football left-back

## Other

* Diego Rodríguez (mathematician) (1569–1668), mathematician, astronomer, educator and technological innovator in New Spain
* Diego Rodríguez (son of El Cid) (died 1097), died during the Battle of Consuegra
# Chansons ou versions inédites de jeunesse

Chansons ou versions inédites de jeunesse (Early Unreleased Songs or Versions) is an album of Jacques Brel rare early recordings first issued as part of the 16-CD box set Boîte à bonbons on 23 September 2003. This CD contains 28 titles: 26 songs from Radio Hasselt recorded 14 August 1953 and 21 August 1953, a recording from the Brel family's private collection, and a 1962 recording from Dutch television AVRO.

## Track listing

| Track | Title | Possible translation | Composer | Recorded |
| 1 | "À deux" | In Two | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 2 | "Dites, si c'était vrai (poème)" | Say, If That Were True (Poem) | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 3 | "Les Gens" | The People | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 4 | "La Haine" | The Hatred | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 5 | "Départs" | Departures | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 6 | "Le Diable (Ça Va)" | The Devil (It's Fine) | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 7 | "Qu'Avons-nous fait, bonnes gens ?" | What Have We Done, Good People? | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 8 | "L'Ange déchu" | The Fallen Angel | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 9 | "Les pieds dans le ruisseau" | Trailing my Feet in the Stream | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 10 | "La Bastille" | The Bastille | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 11 | "Ce qu'il nous faut" | What We Need | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 12 | "L'Accordéon de la vie" | The Accordion of Life | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 13 | "Je suis l'ombre des chansons" | I Am the Shadow of Songs | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 14 | "S'il te faut" | If You Need | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 15 | "Ballade" | Ballad | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 16 | "L'Orage" | The Storm | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 17 | "Les Pavés" | Paving Stones | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 18 | "Le Fou du roi" | The Jester | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 19 | "La Foire" | The Fair | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 20 | "Sur la place" | On the Square | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 21 | "Il peut pleuvoir" | It May Rain | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 22 | "Les deux fauteuils" | The Two Chairs | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 23 | "Les Enfants du roi" | Children of the King | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 24 | "Le Troubadour" | The Troubadour | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 25 | "Il nous faut regarder" | We Need to Look | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 26 | "C'est comme ça" | That's How It Is | Jacques Brel | 1953-08 |
| 27 | "Si tu revenais" | If You'd Return | Jacques Brel | likely 1953 |
| 28 | "Le Pendu" | The Hanged Man | Jacques Brel | 1963 |
* Tracks 1–26 recorded on 14 August and 21 August 1953 at Radio Hasselt
* Track 27 recorded in 1953, for Swiss radio Radio Suisse Romande
* Track 28 recorded 20 February 1963 at Hilversum, Netherlands, for TV show 'Club Domino'. Broadcast 20 April 1963
* Tracks 4, 6, 10, 14, 18, 20, 21, 25, and 26 were re-recorded and released on Jacques Brel et ses chansons in 1954.
* Tracks 7 and 9 were re-recorded and released on Quand on n'a que l'amour in 1957.
* Track 2 was re-recorded and released on Au printemps in 1958.
# Paige Blake

Paige Blake (born 17 July 2003) is a field hockey player from New Zealand.

## Early life

Paige Blake grew up in Auckland.

## Career
### National league

In the Premier Hockey League, Blake plays for the Northern Tridents.

### Under–21

Blake made her international debut at under–21 level. She was a member of the silver medal-winning Junior Black Sticks squad at the 2022 Junior Oceania Cup in Canberra. This tournament acted as the Oceania qualifier for the FIH Junior World Cup, with the silver medal securing a qualification quota for New Zealand.
She then went on to represent the junior squad at the 2023 FIH Junior World Cup in Santiago.

### Black Sticks

Following her successful junior debut, Blake made her senior international debut for the Black Sticks in 2023. She made her first appearances during the Christchurch Leg of the fourth season of the FIH Pro League.
She has been named in an extended national squad for 2025.

#### International goals

| Goal | Date | Location | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition | Ref. |
| 1 | 20 January 2025 | Lloyd Elsmore Park, Auckland, New Zealand | United States | 1–0 | 3–2 | Test Match | |
| 2 | 20 January 2025 | Lloyd Elsmore Park, Auckland, New Zealand | United States | 2–2 | | Test Match | |