OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rail transport in Mali

Mali has one railroad (the Dakar–Niger Railway), of which 649 km is in Mali. The line runs from the port of Koulikoro via Bamako to the border with Senegal and continues on to Dakar.
The Bamako-Dakar line, which has been described as dilapidated, was owned by a joint company established by Mali and Senegal in 1995, with the eventual goal of privatization.
The Malian portion of the railroad carried an estimated 536,000 tons of freight and 778,000 passengers in 1999. The track is in poor condition, and the line is closed frequently during the rainy season. The line is potentially significant because it links landlocked Mali to the port of Dakar, increasingly of interest for Malian exports in the face of the disruption of access to Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, as a result of civil conflict in that country beginning in late 2002.
In 2003, the two countries sold a 25-year concession to run the rail line to a Canadian company, which pledged to upgrade equipment and infrastructure. The concession was terminated in 2016.
International passenger trains ceased in 2010 and freight trains ceased in 2018.
As of 2013, passenger services in Mali were being offered three days per week between Bamako and Kayes via Kati and Diamou. This service ceased in May 2018 due to poor track condition. Five years later, on 9 June 2023, the line was reopened after a renovation that approximately cost $10 million.
The portion of track between Bamako and Koulikoro has been out of service since at least 2005, and satellite imagery shows numerous bridge and roadbed washouts that would need to be repaired before it would be navigable once again.
In the early 2000s, there also were plans to construct a new rail line between Bamako and Kouroussa and Kankan in Guinea.

## Technical

* Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
* Brakes: The railway uses vacuum brakes.
* Couplers: Buffers and chain, European. - see loco CC2286.
* Couplers: Norwegian for some vehicles from India.
* Axleload 15 tonnes

## Railway links with adjacent countries

* Algeria - no - potential break of gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)/1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
* Niger - no railways
* Burkina Faso - no - same gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
* Côte d'Ivoire - no - same gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
* Guinea - no - same gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) also 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
* Senegal - yes - same gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
* Mauritania - no - break of gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)/1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)

## Maps

* UN Map

## Cities and Towns served by rail
### Existing

* Kidira, Senegal - Mali border
* Kayes, Mali
* Diamou, Mali
* Kita, Mali
* Kati, Mali
* Bamako - national capital

### Closed

* Koulikoro - Former railhead and river port.

## Charts

* Length
# Dimãndarea pãrinteascã

"Dimãndarea pãrinteascã" ('The Will of the Forefathers'), also known as "Pãrinteasca dimãndari" ('The Forefathers' Will'), is an Aromanian poem written in 1888, exhorting parents to teach their children the language, instead of assimilating into other Balkan ethnicities. As a result, it is often used as an anthem by some Aromanians.

## History

The anthem was written in 1888 in Bucharest by an Aromanian poet, Constantin Belimace.

## Lyrics

| Aromanian original | English translation |
| Pãrinteasca dimãndari Nã sprigiurã cu foc mari Frats di mumã shi di un tatã Noi, Armãnji di eta toatã. Di sum plocili di murmintsã Strigã (Grescu) a noshci bunj pãrintsã: „Blãstem mãri s-aibã ãn casã Cai di limba lui s-alasã Cai s-alasã limba lui: S-lu ardã pira focului Si s-dirinã yiu pri loc S-ãi si frigã limba ãn foc. Nãs ãn vatralj pãrinteascã Pi fumealjã s-nu s-hãrseascã Di fumelãi curunji s-nu bashi Njic ãn leagãn s-nu ãnfashe. Cai fudzi di a lui mumã Shi dit pãrinteascãlj numã: Fugã-i doara Domnului Shi dultseamea somnului!” | The will of the forefathers Commands us with a great flame Children of the same parents We, the Aromanians from time immemorial. From beneath their gravestones Our good parents cry out: "We curse you if you have at home Someone who leaves his language For whoever leaves his language: Let him be burned by flames Let him be destroyed alive where he stands Let his tongue be burned in fire. Before his ancestral hearth Let him not enjoy a family Let him not see a family get married Let him not rock a child's cradle. For whoever leaves his mother And his ancestral name: Let him ever lose God's grace And the sweetness of sleep!" |
| Romanian version | Istro-Romanian version |
| Părintească blestemare Poruncește cu foc mare Frați de-o mumă și de-un tată Noi, Aromâni din vremea toată De sub lespezi de morminte Strigă ai noştri buni părinți «Blastem mare să aibă în casă Care de limba lui se lasă. Care își lasă limba lui Arză-l-ar para focului Chinui-s-ar de viu pe locu Frige-i-s-ar limba în focu El în vatră părintească De copii să nu se fericească De familie cununi să nu sărute Prunc în leagăn să nu înfașe Care fuge de a lui mumă Și de parintescul nume Fugi-i-ar dorul Domnului Și dulceața somnului!» | Testamentu lu roditeli Nă comanda cu foc mare, Lu fraț de maie și de țațe, No aromâni din tote vremi. De sup îrpile de grop Vichescu a noștri bur roditeli, Napaste mare s-are-n case Carle limba lui lase.   Carle limba lui lase Se-l arde para focului, Se se vuce viu pre pemint, Se li se arde limba-n foc.   Ie în vatra nascuta De fameie se nu se vesele, De nunț cruna se nu bușne, Fetu în legăr se nu înfașe.   Carle fuge de se maie Și de sev lume, Se li fuge mil'ia lu Domnu Și dulcele jivotu. |
# Antonietta Paoli Pogliani

Antonietta Paoli Pogliani (9 November 1886 – 3 January 1956) was an Italian sculptor. Her work was part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Poriella subacida

Poriella subacida is a species of poroid fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It is a plant pathogen that infects Douglas firs. The fungus was originally described in 1885 by American mycologist Charles Horton Peck.
# Marcos Wittke

Marcos Wittke (8 October 1896 – 6 March 1945) was a Chilean footballer. He played in five matches for the Chile national football team in 1916. He was also part of Chile's squad for the 1916 South American Championship.
# Onkyo HT-S9100THX

The Onkyo HT-S9100THX is Onkyo's home theater in a box (HTIB) released in 2008.

## Features

HT-S9100THX is a 7.1 system that includes full-size speakers, a 290-watt subwoofer, and an AV receiver (which features four HDMI ports and onboard decoding for Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio). The receiver includes THX's new Loudness Plus feature. It is supposed to improve audio intensity at lower volume levels.

## Reception

CNET noted the audio quality as outstanding but the upconverting video quality as mediocre. Sound & Vision wrote: "Although this product won’t win any awards for fancy aesthetics, you can close your eyes and imagine that you’re listening to something more powerful and better balanced than the price tag indicates." What Hi-Fi? summarized: "This system offers a heck of a lot for the money, but the overall sound delivery is too much of a compromise". Audioholics wrote: "If you have a lot of sources, and audio quality is your driving factor (isn't it always?) this may be the perfect system for you."
# Bruce Inkango

Bruce Pascal Inkango (born 18 May 1984) is a French-Congolese former professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

Born in Poitiers, Inkango began his career at Cannes.
On 21 September 2010, Inkango joined English side Gillingham of League Two, signing a three-month deal. He earned just six appearances with the Gills and left the club on 20 December, when his contract expired.
Early 2011, Inkango signed for Albanian Superliga side KS Kastrioti. Whilst at the Albanian club, he found some of the best scoring form of his career. Inkango finished as the top goalscorer for Kastrioti in the 2011–12 season with 14 goals, scoring a total of 21 goals for one and a half yeara.
In July 2012, Inkango joined Oțelul Galați in Romania. He made his Liga I debut in a 1–1 home draw against Rapid București on 30 July, coming on as a substitute for Laurențiu Buș. He was released by Oțelul on 31 January 2013.
On 4 April 2013, Inkango signed a contract with Bulgarian A PFG club Cherno More Varna. He made his debut on 6 April, coming off the bench on the 69th minute to replace Simeon Raykov in a 3–1 away loss against Botev Plovdiv.
After a spell playing in Turkey for Denizlispor, Inkango signed for East Fife in March 2014. He was released by the club in May 2014.
# List of monarchs of Kerma

The following is an incomplete list of monarchs of Kerma. The Kingdom of Kerma existed as an independent state from around 2500 BCE to 1500 BCE. It was absorbed into the vigorous Egyptian Empire but would later reemerge as the Kingdom of Kush.

## Rulers of Kerma

* Kaa (c. 1900 BCE)
* Teriahi (c. 1880 BCE) - son of Kaa
* Awawa (c. 1870 BCE) - son of Kaa
* [Uterer]ses (c. 1850 BCE) - son of Awawa
# Ruku (Quran)

A rukūʿ (Arabic: رُكوع,) is a paragraph of the Quran. There are either 540 rukus in the Quran, depending on the authority.
The term rukūʿ — roughly translated to "passage", "pericope" or "stanza" — is used to denote a group of thematically related verses in the Quran. Longer chapters (surah) in the Qur'an are usually divided into several rukūʿs, so that readers could identify when to make stop or pause, without breaking an ongoing topic in the Quranic text.
# Lathe of St. Augustine

The Lathe of St Augustine is an historic division of the county of Kent, England, encompassing the present-day Districts of Canterbury, Dover and Thanet. The Lathes of Kent were ancient administration divisions originating, probably, in the 6th century, during the Jutish colonisation of the county.
Named for Saint Augustine of Canterbury, St Augustine was not one of the original lathes and did not exist at the time of the Domesday Book. The lathe of St Augustine was in existence by 1295, however, having been formed by the merger of the lathes of Borough and Eastry. These lathes were spelled Borowart and Estrei in the Domesday Book.
The lathe was bordered on the west by the Lathe of Scray and on the south by the Lathe of Shepway. The lathe of St Augustine consisted of the following Hundreds:
* Whitstaple (the former spelling of Whitstable)
* Westgate
* Blengate
* Preston
* Wingham
* Downhamford
* Kinghamford
* Beusborough (Bewsbury)
* Corniloe
* Eastry
* Ringslow
Within the bounds of the lathe were included the Corporations of Deal, Sandwich, Dover, and Fordwich. It had formerly within its bounds the city of Canterbury, which has been separated from it and made a county of itself in 1461, by the name of the County of the City of Canterbury.
The Lathe was an important administrative, judicial and taxation unit for 600 years after the Domesday Book. The functions of Lathe and hundreds were somewhat similar, with a Lathe covering a much wider area. Although not abolished, it has no administrative functions today. The Sheriff toured the county twice yearly attending on the lathes. The lathe was responsible for raising of aids and subsidies for the Militia. However the Lathe court became anomalous as it fell between the hundredal courts below and the Justices of the county (in petty and quarter sessions) above
The Lathe of St Augustine had an area of 166,760 acres (260 sq. miles).
# Puget Sound Collegiate League

Founded in 2010, the Puget Sound Collegiate League (PSCL) is a collegiate summer baseball league based in the Olympia, Washington area.
The league also manages a summer youth league, camps and tournaments. In addition, a high school league, Pudget Sound Fall Ball, was formed for area high school teams.

## History

The league was originated by the forming of the Tacoma Cardinals (2006) followed by the Olympia Athletics (2007). PSCL opened its first season in 2010 with six teams.
League founder and president Matt Acker also owns the West Coast Guns, an independent team. In 2014 Acker took ownership of the Kitsap BlueJackets a West Coast League team. In 2017 he moved the WCL franchise to Port Angeles and they became the Port Angeles Lefties. The Kitsap BlueJackets became a semi-professional team, who compete in the Pacific International League (PIL) starting in 2017. The West Coast Guns were also members of the PIL.
Thurston County Senators, an affiliated team who play a full league schedule, are not eligible for PSCL playoffs. The semi-professional team is made up of former PSCL alumni and compete in elite tournaments, including the Grand Forks International and World Baseball Challenge.

## Teams

| Team | Manager | Notes |
| Hawks Prairie Cardinals | Eric Widener | |
| Lacey Saints | Jared Munson | |
| Nisqually Silvers | Will Loza | |
| Olympia Athletics | Paul Sopak | |
| Tumwater Brewers | Abe Lupkin | |
| West Olympia Linx | Alex DeAngelis | |
| Affiliated Team | Manager | Notes |
| Thurston County Senators | Brady Hoover | Not eligible for playoffs |
NOTE: Senators are an affiliate of the PSCL. The team also plays games against the teams of Pacific International League, West Coast League, tournaments and other amateur teams.

## Champions

| Season | Winner | Finalist | Results |
| 2010 | Hawks Prairie Cardinals | Lacey Saints | 2-0; 8-7 |
| 2011 | Hawks Prairie Cardinals | Olympia Athletics | 4-3 (11 innings); 8-3 |
| 2012 | Olympia Athletics | Hawks Prairie Cardinals | 5-3; 14-2 |
| 2013 | West Olympia Linx | Tumwater Brewers | 2-1 (13 innings) |
| 2014 | Nisqually Silvers | West Olympia Linx | 6-5 |
| 2015 | Nisqually Silvers | Tumwater Brewers | 11-7 |
| 2016 | | | |
# Roger Giroux

Roger Giroux (1925–1974) was a French poet and translator.
Giroux's only book published when he was alive was L’arbre le temps, Mercure de France, 1964; it won the Max-Jacob' Prize that same year.
Giroux translated texts of W. B. Yeats, Lawrence Durrell, Rosmarie Waldrop, Edna O'Brien, Henry Miller and others authors in French.
A sample of his poems is included in The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry, edited by Paul Auster, and generally recognized as the best anthology of Modern French poetry in English translation. Collection of poetry: L'autre temps (1964). Posthumous works: Voici (1974), Théâtre (1976), S (1977), L'arbre le Temps suivi de Lieu-Je et de Lettre (1977). More recently: Poème (éd. Théâtre typographique, 2007) and Journal d'un poème (éd. Eric Pesty, 2011).
# Joseph Richardson (American politician)

Joseph Richardson (February 1, 1778 – September 25, 1871) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts.
Born in Billerica, Massachusetts, Richardson attended public and private schools. He graduated from Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1802. He was a teacher in Charlestown 1804-1806. He studied theology and was ordained a minister and assigned to the first parish of the Unitarian Church in Hingham on July 2, 1806. He served as delegate to the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1820–1821. He served as member of the state house of representatives in 1821 and 1822. He served in the state senate in 1823, 1824, and 1826.
Richardson was elected as an Adams candidate to the Twentieth Congress and reelected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the Twenty-first Congresses (March 4, 1827 – March 3, 1831). He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1830 to the Twenty-second Congress.
He resumed his ministerial duties, and died in Hingham, Massachusetts, on September 25, 1871. He was interred in Old Ship Cemetery.
# Naval flag

Naval flag may refer to:
* Civil ensign
* Maritime flag
* Naval ensign
* Naval jack
# Brent Everett

Brent Everett (born February 10, 1984, in Saskatchewan, Canada) is a Canadian gay pornographic film actor and director.

## Career

Everett has been a gay pornography performer since 2003, debuting together with his first boyfriend, fellow porn star Chase McKenzie. In 2003, he had also featured in a bareback (anal sex without a condom) themed pornographic film, Barebacking Across America. He rose to prominence in 2004, when he starred with Brent Corrigan in Cobra Video’s controversial Schoolboy Crush; which, as it was later found out, was filmed when Corrigan was underage.
He was the centerfold model in the September 2003 issue of Freshmen, and he modelled for Playguy on several occasions as well. He set up his own distribution company Triple X Studios in 2004, and made his directorial debut with Wantin' More (2006).
In 2009, Metro Weekly described him as "one of the industry's most popular performers". J. C. Adams included him in his list of 100 most famous porn stars, in his book Gay Porn Heroes (2011), in The Boys Next Door category.
In 2012, Everett co-starred with Michael Serrato in Killian Wells's music video "STRFKR". It was released through Wells' Inferno Records. Everett said he chose to be in the music video as he liked Wells' work.
Everett was named the Best International Pornstar at the Prowler Porn Awards in 2014.

## Personal life

In September 2008, Everett announced his marriage to fellow pornographic actor Steve Peña, in a ceremony to take place in San Diego, California, in October. They were wed in a private ceremony on October 3, 2008.
In 2009, Everett told Metro Weekly that his mother and father were supportive of his career, describing them as "the first two parents to show up ever at a GayVN Awards ceremony".
In 2016, he spoke out about his issues with drug addiction.
In November 2017, Peña announced that he and Everett would be separating.
# Safiatu Salifu

Safiatu Salifu (born 3 March 2002) is a Ghanaian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Tanzanian Women's Premier League club Yanga Princess and the Ghana national team.

## Club career

Salifu played as a goalkeeper for Ampem Darkoa Ladies, with whom she won the Ghana Women's Premier League in 2023, recording ten clean sheets and allowing just four goals in 14 matches. She earned the title of Most Valuable Player once during the same season. She's currently playing for Tanzanian club Yanga Princess.

## Personal life

Salifu is Muslim.
# Louis Cazal

Louis-Pierre "Pierrot" Cazal (24 October 1906 – 27 September 1945) was a French international footballer. Cazal spent most of his career with Sète winning the Coupe de France in 1930 with the club. With the France national team, Cazal played in six matches.
# Safwan M. Masri

Safwan M. Masri is a Jordanian professor, senior academic administrator, global educator, and scholar of education in the Arab World. He is the current Dean of Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Qatar. Previously, he served as Executive Vice President for Global Centers and Global Development at Columbia University and was head of Columbia Global Centers (2011–2022) as well as director of Columbia Global Center in Amman since its founding in 2009.

## Life and career

Masri earned his B.S. in 1982 and his M.S. in 1984 in Industrial Engineering from Purdue University. In 1988, he was awarded a Ph.D. in Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management from Stanford University.
Masri joined Columbia University in 1988 as a professor of operations management at Columbia Business School, where he served as vice dean from 1993-2006. Previously, he was a visiting professor at INSEAD, and taught at Stanford University and Santa Clara University.
At the request of King Abdullah II of Jordan, Masri led the effort to establish King's Academy in Jordan, the first coeducational boarding school in the Middle East, and was founding chairman of its board of trustees. An advisor to Queen Rania Al Abdullah of Jordan, Masri was founding chairman of the Queen Rania Teacher Academy.
Masri currently holds a senior research scholar appointment at Columbia's School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA).

## Columbia Global Centers

In 2009, Columbia University president Lee C. Bollinger created the Columbia Global Centers, a network of regional hubs of programming and research. These centers work to advance Columbia's global mission as well as extend the University's reach to address the pressing demands of our global society and are located in: Amman, Jordan; Beijing, China; Istanbul, Turkey; Mumbai, India; Nairobi, Kenya; Paris, France; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and Santiago, Chile. Tunis, Tunisia;

## Awards and recognition

Masri was awarded the 2003 American Service Award from the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee; and the Robert W. Lear Service Award, the Dean's Award for Teaching Excellence in a Core Course, and the Singhvi Professor of the Year for Scholarship in the Classroom Award, all from Columbia University.
Masri is a lifetime member of the Council on Foreign Relations, an honorary fellow of the Foreign Policy Association, and a member of the International Advisory Council of the World Congress for Middle Eastern Studies (WOCMES). He serves on the Board of Directors for AMIDEAST and on the Global Advisory Board for the Chazen Institute at Columbia Business School. Masri is also a trustee of International College in Beirut and the Welfare Association (Taawon) in Ramallah, and a director of Endeavor Jordan.
# Rahile Dawut

Rahile Dawut (Chinese: 热依拉·达吾提; pinyin: Rèyīlā Dáwútí; Uyghur: راھىلە داۋۇت; born May 20, 1966) is a Uyghur ethnographer known for her expertise in Uyghur folklore and traditions. Formerly a professor at Xinjiang University, where she founded the Minorities Folklore Research Centre, she was disappeared by the Chinese government in 2017 and has not been seen since. In 2023, Rahile received a life sentence for "endangering state security".

## Early life and career

An ethnic Uyghur from the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Rahile was previously a member of the Chinese Communist Party for over 30 years. Prior to her detention, she taught at Xinjiang University, where she founded the Minorities Folklore Research Center in 2007 and served as its director. Rahile has published a number of articles and books, and has also delivered lectures at universities internationally, including Harvard University and the University of Cambridge.

## Disappearance, trial and jailing

In December 2017, Rahile reportedly told a relative of her plans to travel from Ürümqi to Beijing, after which her family and friends lost contact with her. Rahile's family and friends announced her disappearance in August 2018. By the end of 2018, it was known that she was in the hands of Chinese state authorities. According to an article in The New York Times, Rahile was one of a number of prominent intellectuals targeted as part of China's campaign to erase Uyghur identity. State authorities have not publicly disclosed Rahile's whereabouts.
Rahile's secret trial began in December 2018 in a Xinjiang court, where she was first found guilty of "endangering state security". She was reportedly jailed for life as she lost her appeal against the charges in September 2023. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Mao Ning said she had "no information" on the case. The United States condemned China’s reported life sentence of Rahile, calling for her immediate release.

## Awards

Rahile was awarded the Courage to Think Award in 2020 by Scholars at Risk. The award was collected by her daughter Akida Pulat on her behalf.
In October 2023, Michael Rosen, winner of the 2023 PEN Pinter Prize, chose Rahile Dawut as the "international writer of courage" with whom to share the award, selecting her from a shortlist of international writers "who have actively defended freedom of expression, often at risk to their own safety."
On 4 September 2024, Rahile Dawut was awarded an Honorary Fellowship and Doctor of Literature by SOAS, University of London "in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the scholarship of Uyghur cultural heritage". The citation for the fellowship was given by Prof. Rachel Harris, and the award was accepted by Rahile's daughter, Akida Pulat, by video message.