OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Uti possidetis juris

Uti possidetis juris or uti possidetis iuris (Latin for "as [you] possess under law") is a principle of international law which provides that newly formed sovereign states should retain the internal borders that their preceding dependent area had before their independence.

## History

Uti possidetis juris is a modified form of uti possidetis; created for the purpose of avoiding terra nullius, the original version of uti possidetis began as a Roman law governing the rightful possession of property. During the medieval period it evolved into a law governing international relations and had by the 1820s been modified for situations related to newly independent states.

## Application

Uti possidetis juris has been applied in modern history to such regions as South America, Africa, the Middle East, and the Soviet Union, and numerous other regions where centralized governments were broken up, where imperial rulers were overthrown, or where League of Nations mandates ended, e.g. Mandatory Palestine and Nauru. It is often applied to prevent foreign intervention by eliminating any contested terra nullius, or no man's land, that foreign powers could claim, or to prevent disputes that could emerge with the possibility of redrawing the borders of new states after their independence.
The doctrine has been asserted in relation to Israeli sovereignty over the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Israel withdrew from Gaza in 2005 and while it is possible to argue that Israel voluntarily abandoned any claims of territorial sovereignty it might have had there, there is no unequivocal documentary evidence of such an abandonment. With the Oslo Accords Israel gave the Palestinians territorial jurisdiction, although Israel was allowed to maintain security control pending the conclusion of final status talks. These talks were, however, never finalized.
The principle was also applied by the Badinter Arbitration Committee established by the Council of Ministers of the European Economic Community in opinions related to the disintegration of Yugoslavia, specifically no. 2, on self-determination, and no. 3, on the nature of the boundaries between Croatia and Serbia and between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia.
Argentina and Chile base their territorial claims in Antarctica on the uti possidetis juris principle in the same manner as their now-recognized Patagonian claims.
# Strawberry, Arkansas

Strawberry is a town in Lawrence County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 302 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Strawberry is located in southwestern Lawrence County at 35°57′52″N 91°18′56″W﻿ / ﻿35.96444°N 91.31556°W﻿ / 35.96444; -91.31556 (35.964401, -91.315678). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.33 square miles (6.03 km$^2$), all land.

### List of highways

* Highway 25 leads northeast 18 miles (29 km) to Black Rock and south, then west, 33 miles (53 km) to Batesville.
* Highway 117 leads north 9 miles (14 km) to Smithville.
* Highway 230 leads west 13 miles (21 km) to Cave City.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 283 people, 112 households, and 80 families residing in the town. The population density was 48.6/km$^2$ (125.9/mi$^2$). There were 127 housing units at an average density of 21.8/km$^2$ (56.5/mi$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 100.00% White. 0.71% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 112 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.7% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.7% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.9% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 24.4% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $23,438, and the median income for a family was $33,438. Males had a median income of $32,500 versus $26,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,621. About 16.9% of families and 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.9% of those under the age of 18 and 14.8% of those 65 or over.

## Education

Hillcrest School District operates area schools, including Hillcrest Elementary School in Lynn and Hillcrest High School in Strawberry. The River Valley School District formed on July 1, 1992, by the merger of the Poughkeepsie School District and the Strawberry School District. On July 1, 2004, River Valley merged with the Lynn School District to form the Hillcrest School District.

## Notable people

* Artist Herman Hugg
* Dennis Crouch (bassist), bassist
* Roger Bennett (1959-2007), southern gospel pianist for the Cathedral Quartet (1979 - 1986, 1989 - 1999) and Legacy Five (2000 - 2007)
# Chaudhary Zulfiqar Bhindar

Chaudhry Zulfiqar Ali Bhindar is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 till August 2023.

## Political career

He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan from Constituency NA-83 (Gujranwala-V) as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) in 2018 Pakistani general election.
# Dirt Devil

Dirt Devil is a brand name originally introduced in 1981 by the Royal Appliance Manufacturing Co, an American vacuum cleaner and floor care company. The company and the brand are now owned by TTI Floor Care North America, a subsidiary of Hong Kong–based Techtronic Industries, who also own Oreck, Vax, and Hoover North America.

## Royal Appliance Manufacturing Company

The origins of the Dirt Devil brand can be traced back to a company founded in 1905 as the Royal Appliance Manufacturing Company, selling the 'Royal Sweeper' from premises on Cochran Road in Solon, Ohio. At about the same time Philip Geier started the as "P. A. Geier Co" also in Cleveland, Ohio, and around 1910 when they started building vacuum cleaners he bought the rights to the Royal name. Their first hand-held vacuum cleaner the "Royal Prince" (Model 157) was introduced in 1937, and by 1953 the company was renamed the "Royal Appliance Manufacturing Co", producing vacuum cleaners, mixers, hair dryers, and washing machines.
In 1984 Royal introduced the Dirt Devil Hand Vac, to compete as a lower-cost, mass-market alternative to the existing Royal Prince line of all-metal hand vacuums, as well to compete with the Black & Decker DustBuster. Originally bearing the name "Royal Dirt Devil", the company chose to make Dirt Devil the primary brand name, and as such the Dirt Devil line eventually evolved to include more models, including upright vacuum cleaners, most bearing distinctive red plastic cases.
In 2003 Royal Appliance Mfg. Co. was sold to Techtronic Industries of Hong Kong. Their sub-division TTI Floor Care now also owns Hoover (North America), Oreck, and Vax.

## Historical products

* Dirt Devil Hand Vac – Introduced in 1984, and selling over 23 million units by 2004.
* Dirt Devil Broom Vac (corded) – debuted 1987
* Dirt Devil Broom Vac (cordless, rechargeable)

### Slogans

* "Nothing escapes the power of a Dirt Devil" (1995–2005)
* "Fight Dirty" (2005–2014)
* "Let's Go" (Since 2013)

## The UK company

Dirt Devil products, adapted for UK mains voltage (240v AC), can still be found in limited quantities in some online marketplaces, and second-hand shops, but the Dirt Devil UK website currently (April 2024) offers no actual products for sale, no office telephone number, and displays an address now occupied by an unrelated company (Screwfix Ltd). Dirt Devil UK was part of Pulse Home Products Ltd, registered as commission agents involved in the sale of furniture, household goods, hardware and ironmongery in the UK and Ireland. Pulse (and therefore also Dirt Devil) was under the ownership of Alba from 2001 to 2007. Pulse Home Products Ltd entered the voluntary liquidation process on 1 August 2023, and is scheduled for dissolution on 2 June 2024.
# Dhirubhai Ambani Knowledge City

Dhirubhai Ambani Knowledge CITY, often abbreviated as DAKC, is a technology park located at Kopar Khairane in Navi Mumbai, India. Spread over 56 hectares, it was completed in 2002. The city is named after the famous Indian industrialist Dhirubhai Ambani and is owned by the Reliance ADA Group and houses a 24-hour National Network Operations Centre (NNOC) along with more than 25,000 employees working primarily for the Reliance Communications division.

## History

This site was earlier owned by ICI and housed the first polyester staple fibre plant in India. Upon acquisition by Reliance, the site was renamed Terene Fibres India Pvt. Ltd (TFIPL). Production facilities at the plant had been moved out of this l

## Facilities

The Campus is partially Wi-Fi enabled (I Block is a complete hot spot) with two HDFC Bank ATMs and one ICICI Bank ATM located therein. There is also an HDFC Bank branch located within the campus.
Other than this, the campus has a huge artificial lake where migratory birds can be found at times. There are temples, fountains, medical facilities, a parking lot for over 500 cars, and a helipad within the campus.
# Marion Gay Wofford

Marion Gay Wofford (née Dickinsheets, July 9, 1922 – October 30, 2013) was an American politician in the state of South Dakota. She was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1979 to 1988. She was a businesswoman. Wofford received her education at the University of Minnesota, University of South Dakota, University of Utah, Western Reserve University and Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center. She lived in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. She died in Sioux Falls, South Dakota on October 30, 2013, at the age of 91.
# Wheelchair racing at the 1992 Summer Olympics

Wheelchair racing at the 1992 Summer Olympics featured as a demonstration event within the athletics programme on 2 August 1992. There were two events, an 800 m race for women and a 1500 m race for men. Medals were not awarded, as the sport was not part of the official competition.

## Men's 1500 m wheelchair

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Claude Issorat | France | 3:13.92 | WR |
| | Franz Nietlispach | Switzerland | 3:14.07 | |
| | Michael Noe | United States | 3:14.76 | |
| 4 | Jean-Marc Berset | Switzerland | 3:14.95 | |
| 5 | Scot Hollonbeck | United States | 3:14.98 | |
| 6 | Jorge Luna | Mexico | 3.19.01 | |
| 7 | Jeff Adams | Canada | 3:26.06 | |
| 8 | Ricardo Nunez Alcade | Mexico | — | DNF |

## Women's 800 m wheelchair

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Connie Hansen | Denmark | 1:55.62 | WR |
| | Jean Driscoll | United States | 1:56.56 | |
| | Monica Wetterström | Sweden | 1:56.57 | |
| 4 | Jeannette Jansen | Netherlands | 1:56.71 | |
| 5 | Candace Cable | United States | 1:57.45 | |
| 6 | Barbara Maier | Germany | 1:57.69 | |
| 7 | Deanna Sodoma | United States | 1:57.74 | |
| 8 | Tanni Grey | Great Britain | 1:57.75 | |
# Harekrishna Deka

Harekrishna Deka is a former member of the Indian Police Service who is now known for his writing. He was the Director General of Police for Assam from 2000–2003.

## Literary career

Harekrishna Deka started writing poems and short stories in his student days, and continued this as a hobby during his police career.
He has won the following awards:
* 1987 - Sahitya Akademi Award for his poem Ann Ejan
* 1995 - Katha Award for his short story Bandiyar (Prisoner)
* 2010 - Assam Valley Literary Award
After retiring from the police service, Deka briefly edited the English daily The Sentinel before editing the Assamese literary monthly Gariyasi.
# Danilo Nikolić (footballer)

Danilo Nikolić (Serbian Cyrillic: Данило Николић; born 29 July 1983) is a Serbian retired footballer.
He came after a season spent in Albanian Superliga club Dinamo Tirana. He made his debut for FK Bežanija in 2001. In August 2008 he signed a contract with Albanian champions Dinamo Tirana. After one season there, he returned to Serbia signing with OFK Beograd.
# Thayyil

Thayyil is an Indian family name and surname found predominantly in the State of Kerala, India, used by many communities including, Nambiars, Thiyyas, Muslims and Christians. The word in old Malayalam means Beautiful, Pretty, etc. The word "Thayyilale" is used to refer a beautiful girl in old Malayalam.

## Etymology

Probably this lineage has started with Thayyil, a family in Kannur district of Kerala state, south India. It is a family name which has its origin in a Nair royal lady. Thayyil Tharawad is situated in Thalikave ward Kannur. It is believed that one of two sisters of a Nair family had to flee Vatakara due to riots that broke out there. One of them married Valli Karanavar of the Thayyil family and the other sister married into the Arakkal, a prominent Muslim family.

## Thayyil Tharawad

The Thayyil family lineage is more than 900 years old and its branches are spread far and wide and those interested could trace its genealogy with one of the direct descending families living in Govinda Sadanam, Thalikave Road, Kannur. This family is also related to Onden Tharavad, Koroth Thravad, Vengilat, Palliyath etc.which are also Thiyya Tharavads.

## Temple Lineage

The family is also closely associated with Lord Muthappan of Parassinikkadavu, through his grace and blessing. Tradition requires that the Annual Festival ('Ulsavam') of the Muthappan Temple at Parassinikkadavu is to be started by a procession led by a female member of the "Thayyil" clan of Thayyil, Kannur from the family home with Kalaripayattu and Chenda to the main altar of the temple, where she offers a 'Pooja' (prayer) to the God. There is a room inside the temple premises which is specifically for them to be used on the day of the "Ulsavam". After the Ulsavam is done, Lord Muthappan himself drops the members of the Thayyil family off until the gates of the temple.
An example of a famous Tayil today in 2023 is author Chirakkal T. Sreedharan Nair the son of a Raja of Tayil. Chirakkal T. Sreedharan Nair is the third son of His Highness C.k Rama varma valiya raja of Chirakkal kovilakam and thayil kalyanikutty kettilamma. He is famous as The King of Kalarippayattu.

## Thayyil Beach

Also there is a place named Thayyil in the coastal area 3 kilometers away from Kannur town famous for a mosque called Thayyil Juma Masjid. Other religious shrines of this area are Thayyil Sree Venkataramana Temple, Shri Kurumba temple and St. Antony's church.

## Thayyil Padinhare Purayil

Thayyil Padinchare Purayil is a Muslim family of Kavvayi island near Payyannur town. This ancient family has branches in Valapattanam and Taliparamba.
# Hierodoris callispora

Hierodoris callispora is a moth of the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and can be found throughout the country from south of the Bay of Plenty. This species inhabits native beech forest. Adults of the species have been found where Muehlenbeckia is common. Adults have also been collected from the flowers of Kunzea ericoides. However the larval host is unconfirmed although it has been hypothesised that larvae of this species feed on Kunzea ericoides flowers. Adults of this species can be distinguished by its orange ruff that contrasts with its dark head and thorax. There is a colour form that exists that has orange scales and an orange coloured fringe on the hindwing. Adults have been collected in December and January and are day flying but are also attracted to light at night. A female specimen has been found with a larva in her oviduct suggesting that this species may give birth to larval young.

## Taxonomy

This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1912 and named Heliostibes callispora using a specimen collected in January by George Hudson in Wellington. In 1988 J. S. Dugdale placed this species within the genus Hierodoris. The holotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London.

## Description

Meyrick described this species as follows:
   ♂. 17 mm. Head deep metallic-green, with purple reflections, collar ferruginous-orange. Palpi ferruginous-orange, terminal joint rather more than half second, blackish anteriorly. Antennae dark fuscous, ciliations 1⁄3. Thorax shining deep greenish-purple-bronze. Abdomen dark fuscous. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, faintly sinuate in middle, apex obtuse, termen straight, little oblique, rounded beneath; dark indigo-fuscous, closely strewn with pale greenish-yellowish hair-scales : cilia fuscous, basal third dark fuscous mixed with deep ferruginous. Hindwings blackish; cilia fuscous, with blackish basal shade.
This species can be distinguished by its orange ruff that contrasts with its dark head and thorax. There is a colour form that exists that has orange scales and an orange coloured fringe on the hindwing.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand and can be found throughout the country from south of the Bay of Plenty.

## Behaviour and biology

Adults of this species have been collected in December and January and are day flying but are also attracted to light at night. A female specimen has been found with a larva in her oviduct suggesting that this species may give birth to larval young.

## Habitat

This species inhabits native beech forest. Hudson states that adults of the species have been found where Muehlenbeckia is common. The larval host is unconfirmed although adults of this species have been collected from the flowers of Kunzea ericoides. It has been hypothesised that larvae of this species feed on those flowers.
# Fusion Academy

Fusion Academy is a private alternative school for grades 6–12. Fusion Academy offers both standard and honors-level courses. These classes are either 1:1 or small class sizes. Students generally complete all schoolwork on campus.

## History

Fusion Academy was founded in 1989 by Michelle Rose Gilman, as an after-school tutoring program in her garage in Solana Beach, California. The company began to offer a full-time curriculum in 2001. In 2009, the company opened its second campus in Los Angeles. In 2011, Inc. Magazine included Fusion Academy in its annual Inc. 5000 list of America's fastest-growing private companies, the second time the company had made the list.

## Campuses

Fusion Academy operates 80 campuses across the United States. Three Fusion Academy campuses, all in New York City, have successfully unionized. In 2019, Fusion Academy acquired Futures Academy.

## Academics

Fusion Academy operates year-round and accommodates both full-time and part-time students. Standard and honors-level courses include sciences, mathematics, history, social studies, the arts, English and world languages. Art and music enrichment programs cover topics such as studio art, performing arts, music theory, and studio recording. One hour breaks between classes allow time for independent study in the Homework Café. Customized summer programs are available.
Fusion Academy offers compassion and tolerance education, staff mentoring, tutoring, organizational and homework assistance, and support in areas such as time management, preparation for high school entrance, SAT, ACT, GED exams, college applications, and career planning.
# Hop!

Hop! is a free anti-clockwise circular bus route operating around the City Centre in Leicester, England.

## History

The service was introduced on 3 April 2023. In its first 23 days of operation, 12,000 trips were taken on the service.

## Service

The service is free-of-charge and operates up to every 10 minutes Monday to Friday peak times and all day Saturday. As a result of high passenger numbers, the Monday to Friday off-peak service was increased to every 8 minutes from April 2024. It is operated by Centrebus using three Yutong E9 electric buses.

## Route

Hop! operates as an anti-clockwise circular service calling at the stops shown below:
* Stops served in order:
* Haymarket bus station
* Savoy Street (for St Margaret's Bus Station)
* St Peter's Lane (Stand AA) (for Clock Tower)
* Causeway Lane (Stand AD) (for Highcross Leicester)
* St Nicholas Circle (SB)
* Southgates
* Welford Road (for De Montfort University)
* Tower Street (for Leicester Royal Infirmary)
* Nelson Mandela Park (for Leicester Tigers and King Power Stadium)
* Leicester railway station
* Granby Street (for Leicester Market)
* Charles Street (Stand CK) (for Curve Theatre)
* Haymarket Bus Station
# 2026 World Cup (disambiguation)

The 2026 FIFA World Cup will be the 23rd edition of the FIFA World Cup.
2026 World Cup may also refer to:
* 2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup
* 2026 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup
* 2026 ICC Men's T20 World Cup
** 2026 ICC Women's T20 World Cup
* 2026 Women's FIH Hockey World Cup
* 2026 Rugby League World Cup
** 2026 Men's Rugby League World Cup
** 2026 Women's Rugby League World Cup
** 2026 Wheelchair Rugby League World Cup
# Fríðrikur Petersen

Fríðrikur Petersen (April 22, 1853 – April 26, 1917) was a noted Faroese Unionist politician and clergyman.

## Biography

Petersen was born at Saltnes in Eysturoy. He was the son of Johannes Petersen (1812–1901) and Susanne Frederikke Olesdatter (1826–1905). He became a student in Reykjavík, Iceland in 1875 and was awarded his Cand.theol. in 1880. He was married in 1880 with Sophie Amalie Wesenberg (1861–1919). He was ordained a Lutheran priest in the Church of the Faroe Islands (Fólkakirkjan). He served as parish priest at Sandoynni (1880), Suðuroy (1885) and at Østerø (1900). He was a rural dean at Nes in Eysturoy from 1900 to 1917.
Petersen was chairman of the Sambandpartiet from its foundation in 1906 until his death in 1917. He was a member of the Faroese Løgting (1890) and the Danish Landsting (1892–1900). He served as county councilor for the Faroe Islands 1894–1902.
He died on April 26, 1917 in Copenhagen.

## Frederik's Church in Nes

Fredericks Church (Fríðrikskirkjan) in Nes was completed in 1994 and was named in honor of Fríðrikur Petersen.
# Per Arne Dahl

Per Arne Dahl (born 18 August 1950 in Sarpsborg) is a Norwegian author and former Bishop of Tunsberg.

## Biography

He grew up in Gjøvik, Vålerenga in Oslo, and Kolbotn. Dahl is also known for a long-standing commitment as a columnist in Aftenposten together with the artist Ulf Aas. In 2003 he was appointed government scholar with effect from 2004. At the announcement, it was emphasized that with his versatile work he contributed "to the diminishing of boundaries in communication between church and people".
Dahl declared his nomination for the Oslo and Borg Bishoprics in 2005, respectively. He once again was a candidate, this time for the bishop of the Diocese of Tunsberg to which he was elected on 12 March 2014 to succeed Laila Riksaasen Dahl, and was consecrated bishop on September 21, 2014.