# Demographics of Botswana

Demographic features of the population of Botswana include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
Botswana, like many nations in southern Africa, suffers from a high HIV infection rate, estimated among adults ages 15 to 49 to be 20.7%.

## Population
### Census results
#### Bechuanaland Protectorate

The seven censuses of Botswana before its independence happened irregularly. Due to the Anglo-Boer War, the first census of Bechuanaland Protectorate, originally set to occur in 1901, took place on 17 April 1904. The 1931 census was postponed to 1936 because of the Great Depression. The early censuses were unreliable and took several years to tabulate; the results were outdated by the time they were calculated.

#### Post-independence

There have been six censuses after the independence of Botswana, each occurring every ten years in the year ending in 1 (i.e. 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2022). The 1971 census was the first census in Botswana to use de facto enumeration; this method counts people based on how many people spent census night at a specific location. Previously, the citizens were counted based on their usual place of residence. The 2001 census was the first census in Botswana to comply with the SADC 2000 Census Project, the guidelines of which unify the demographic statistics in southern Africa. The 2011 Census was the fifth census after independence the 2011 Botswana Population and Housing Census, it occurred in August 2011. The most recent sixth and most recent census is the 2022 Population and Housing Census which was carried out in April 2022.

### UN estimates

According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects the total population was 2,588,423 in 2021, compared to only 413,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2020 was about 33.4%, 62.1% were between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4.5% of the population were 65 years or older.
| | Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) |
| 1950 | 413 000 | 40.9 | 54.8 | 4.4 |
| 1955 | 463 000 | 41.7 | 53.9 | 4.3 |
| 1960 | 503 000 | 43.6 | 52.1 | 4.3 |
| 1965 | 560 000 | 46.8 | 49.3 | 4.0 |
| 1970 | 628 000 | 47.8 | 48.3 | 3.9 |
| 1975 | 741 000 | 48.0 | 48.5 | 3.5 |
| 1980 | 898 000 | 48.5 | 48.1 | 3.4 |
| 1985 | 1 070 000 | 47.9 | 49.0 | 3.1 |
| 1990 | 1 287 000 | 45.0 | 51.7 | 3.3 |
| 1995 | 1 469 000 | 42.2 | 54.6 | 3.3 |
| 2000 | 1 643 000 | 38.7 | 58.1 | 3.3 |
| 2005 | 1 799 000 | 36.5 | 60.3 | 3.1 |
| 2010 | 1 987 000 | 35.0 | 61.7 | 3.3 |
| 2015 | 2 121 000 | 34.9 | 61.2 | 3.8 |
| 2020 | 2 352 000 | 33.4 | 62.1 | 4.5 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| Total | 988 957 | 1 035 947 | 2 024 904 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 119 999 | 117 315 | 237 314 | 11.72 |
| 5–9 | 108 544 | 106 618 | 215 162 | 10.63 |
| 10–14 | 104 419 | 102 875 | 207 294 | 10.24 |
| 15–19 | 104 818 | 105 928 | 210 746 | 10.41 |
| 20–24 | 97 249 | 103 101 | 200 350 | 9.89 |
| 25–29 | 101 194 | 106 658 | 207 852 | 10.26 |
| 30–34 | 84 515 | 86 027 | 170 542 | 8.42 |
| 35–39 | 68 435 | 66 784 | 135 219 | 6.68 |
| 40–44 | 48 767 | 50 530 | 99 297 | 4.90 |
| 45–49 | 37 881 | 44 380 | 82 261 | 4.06 |
| 50–54 | 29 742 | 36 620 | 66 362 | 3.28 |
| 55–59 | 24 368 | 29 681 | 54 049 | 2.67 |
| 60–64 | 17 344 | 20 240 | 37 584 | 1.86 |
| 65–69 | 12 243 | 15 504 | 27 747 | 1.37 |
| 70–74 | 9 464 | 12 797 | 22 261 | 1.10 |
| 75–79 | 6 968 | 10 924 | 17 892 | 0.88 |
| 80–84 | 4 875 | 8 344 | 13 219 | 0.65 |
| 85–89 | 2 825 | 5 422 | 8 247 | 0.41 |
| 90–94 | 1 377 | 2 544 | 3 921 | 0.19 |
| 95+ | 3 930 | 3 655 | 7 585 | 0.37 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 332 962 | 326 808 | 659 770 | 32.58 |
| 15–64 | 614 313 | 649 949 | 1 264 262 | 62.44 |
| 65+ | 41 682 | 59 190 | 100 872 | 4.98 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| Total | 1 171 507 | 1 227 171 | 2 398 679 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 142 150 | 138 970 | 281 120 | 11.72 |
| 5–9 | 128 580 | 126 298 | 254 879 | 10.63 |
| 10–14 | 123 694 | 121 865 | 245 558 | 10.24 |
| 15–19 | 124 166 | 125 481 | 249 647 | 10.41 |
| 20–24 | 115 200 | 122 132 | 237 332 | 9.89 |
| 25–29 | 119 873 | 126 346 | 246 219 | 10.26 |
| 30–34 | 100 116 | 101 907 | 202 022 | 8.42 |
| 35–39 | 81 067 | 79 112 | 160 179 | 6.68 |
| 40–44 | 57 769 | 59 857 | 117 626 | 4.90 |
| 45–49 | 44 873 | 52 572 | 97 445 | 4.06 |
| 50–54 | 35 232 | 43 380 | 78 612 | 3.28 |
| 55–59 | 28 866 | 35 160 | 64 026 | 2.67 |
| 60–64 | 20 546 | 23 976 | 44 522 | 1.86 |
| 65–69 | 14 503 | 18 366 | 32 869 | 1.37 |
| 70–74 | 11 211 | 15 159 | 26 370 | 1.10 |
| 75–79 | 8 254 | 12 940 | 21 195 | 0.88 |
| 80–84 | 5 775 | 9 884 | 15 659 | 0.65 |
| 85–89 | 3 346 | 6 423 | 9 769 | 0.41 |
| 90–94 | 1 631 | 3 014 | 4 645 | 0.19 |
| 95+ | 4 655 | 4 330 | 8 985 | 0.37 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 394 424 | 387 133 | 781 557 | 32.58 |
| 15–64 | 727 708 | 769 922 | 1 497 630 | 62.44 |
| 65+ | 49 375 | 70 116 | 119 491 | 4.98 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
| Total | 1 188 544 | 1 209 006 | 2 397 550 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 137 857 | 136 911 | 274 768 | 11.46 |
| 5–9 | 125 078 | 124 428 | 249 506 | 10.41 |
| 10–14 | 120 559 | 120 060 | 240 619 | 10.04 |
| 15–19 | 123 039 | 123 624 | 246 663 | 10.29 |
| 20–24 | 117 812 | 120 325 | 238 137 | 9.93 |
| 25–29 | 122 117 | 124 476 | 246 593 | 10.29 |
| 30–34 | 99 674 | 100 398 | 200 072 | 8.34 |
| 35–39 | 78 529 | 77 940 | 156 469 | 6.53 |
| 40–44 | 58 190 | 58 971 | 117 161 | 4.89 |
| 45–49 | 49 091 | 51 794 | 100 885 | 4.21 |
| 50–54 | 39 891 | 42 738 | 82 629 | 3.45 |
| 55–59 | 32 428 | 34 639 | 67 067 | 2.80 |
| 60–64 | 22 416 | 23 621 | 46 037 | 1.92 |
| 65–69 | 16 747 | 18 095 | 34 842 | 1.45 |
| 70–74 | 13 562 | 14 935 | 28 497 | 1.19 |
| 75–79 | 11 124 | 12 749 | 23 873 | 1.00 |
| 80–84 | 8 103 | 9 738 | 17 841 | 0.74 |
| 85–89 | 5 264 | 6 328 | 11 592 | 0.48 |
| 90–94 | 2 491 | 2 970 | 5 461 | 0.23 |
| 95+ | 4 572 | 4 266 | 8 838 | 0.37 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 383 494 | 381 399 | 764 893 | 31.90 |
| 15–64 | 743 187 | 758 526 | 1 501 713 | 62.64 |
| 65+ | 61 863 | 69 081 | 130 944 | 5.46 |

## Vital statistics
### United Nations estimates

Registration of vital events in Botswana is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. Population estimates account for under numeration in population censuses.
| | Mid-year population (thousands) | Live births (thousands) | Deaths (thousands) | Natural change (thousands) | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate (TFR) | Infant mortality (per 1000 live births) | Life expectancy (in years) |
| 1950 | 413 | 19 | 8 | 10 | 45.4 | 20.3 | 25.0 | 6.43 | 138.1 | 44.95 |
| 1951 | 423 | 19 | 9 | 11 | 45.6 | 20.3 | 25.3 | 6.43 | 136.4 | 45.25 |
| 1952 | 433 | 20 | 9 | 11 | 45.9 | 19.9 | 25.9 | 6.44 | 132.8 | 45.86 |
| 1953 | 442 | 21 | 9 | 12 | 46.4 | 19.5 | 26.8 | 6.49 | 129.3 | 46.46 |
| 1954 | 452 | 21 | 9 | 13 | 46.8 | 19.2 | 27.7 | 6.53 | 125.9 | 47.06 |
| 1955 | 462 | 22 | 9 | 13 | 47.2 | 18.8 | 28.4 | 6.56 | 122.6 | 47.65 |
| 1956 | 471 | 22 | 9 | 14 | 47.5 | 18.4 | 29.1 | 6.60 | 119.5 | 48.22 |
| 1957 | 481 | 23 | 9 | 14 | 47.7 | 18.1 | 29.7 | 6.65 | 116.5 | 48.74 |
| 1958 | 491 | 24 | 9 | 15 | 47.6 | 17.6 | 30.0 | 6.65 | 113.4 | 49.32 |
| 1959 | 502 | 24 | 9 | 15 | 47.5 | 17.2 | 30.3 | 6.65 | 110.6 | 49.84 |
| 1960 | 513 | 24 | 9 | 16 | 47.1 | 16.8 | 30.3 | 6.63 | 107.8 | 50.37 |
| 1961 | 524 | 25 | 9 | 16 | 46.6 | 16.3 | 30.3 | 6.60 | 105.0 | 50.89 |
| 1962 | 536 | 25 | 9 | 16 | 46.1 | 15.8 | 30.3 | 6.57 | 102.3 | 51.39 |
| 1963 | 549 | 25 | 8 | 17 | 46.2 | 15.4 | 30.8 | 6.63 | 99.7 | 51.88 |
| 1964 | 562 | 26 | 8 | 18 | 46.2 | 15.0 | 31.2 | 6.69 | 97.2 | 52.35 |
| 1965 | 571 | 27 | 8 | 18 | 45.9 | 14.6 | 31.3 | 6.69 | 94.8 | 52.81 |
| 1966 | 575 | 27 | 8 | 18 | 45.8 | 14.3 | 31.5 | 6.69 | 92.4 | 53.26 |
| 1967 | 579 | 27 | 8 | 19 | 45.7 | 14.0 | 31.7 | 6.68 | 90.0 | 53.72 |
| 1968 | 583 | 27 | 8 | 19 | 45.7 | 13.7 | 32.0 | 6.67 | 87.6 | 54.19 |
| 1969 | 587 | 27 | 8 | 19 | 45.6 | 13.4 | 32.3 | 6.64 | 85.0 | 54.68 |
| 1970 | 592 | 27 | 8 | 20 | 45.7 | 13.0 | 32.7 | 6.62 | 82.3 | 55.20 |
| 1971 | 604 | 28 | 8 | 20 | 45.8 | 12.7 | 33.1 | 6.59 | 79.6 | 55.75 |
| 1972 | 627 | 29 | 8 | 21 | 46.0 | 12.2 | 33.8 | 6.59 | 76.6 | 56.30 |
| 1973 | 657 | 30 | 8 | 22 | 46.1 | 11.7 | 34.4 | 6.59 | 73.6 | 56.86 |
| 1974 | 692 | 32 | 8 | 24 | 46.3 | 11.3 | 35.0 | 6.59 | 70.5 | 57.42 |
| 1975 | 728 | 34 | 8 | 26 | 46.4 | 10.9 | 35.5 | 6.58 | 67.3 | 58.00 |
| 1976 | 766 | 35 | 8 | 27 | 46.4 | 10.4 | 36.0 | 6.56 | 64.1 | 58.58 |
| 1977 | 807 | 37 | 8 | 29 | 46.0 | 10.0 | 36.0 | 6.50 | 61.0 | 59.17 |
| 1978 | 849 | 39 | 8 | 30 | 45.7 | 9.6 | 36.1 | 6.44 | 57.9 | 59.69 |
| 1979 | 894 | 40 | 8 | 32 | 45.1 | 9.2 | 35.9 | 6.36 | 55.0 | 60.18 |
| 1980 | 939 | 42 | 8 | 33 | 44.5 | 8.9 | 35.6 | 6.25 | 52.3 | 60.65 |
| 1981 | 983 | 43 | 8 | 34 | 43.7 | 8.5 | 35.2 | 6.13 | 49.7 | 61.13 |
| 1982 | 1 023 | 43 | 8 | 35 | 42.5 | 8.2 | 34.3 | 5.93 | 47.2 | 61.57 |
| 1983 | 1 061 | 44 | 8 | 36 | 41.5 | 7.9 | 33.5 | 5.75 | 44.9 | 62.00 |
| 1984 | 1 099 | 45 | 8 | 36 | 40.6 | 7.7 | 32.9 | 5.58 | 42.8 | 62.36 |
| 1985 | 1 139 | 45 | 8 | 37 | 39.8 | 7.5 | 32.3 | 5.43 | 40.8 | 62.63 |
| 1986 | 1 179 | 46 | 9 | 37 | 39.0 | 7.4 | 31.6 | 5.27 | 39.1 | 62.68 |
| 1987 | 1 220 | 46 | 9 | 37 | 37.8 | 7.3 | 30.4 | 5.06 | 37.7 | 62.52 |
| 1988 | 1 261 | 46 | 10 | 36 | 36.5 | 7.6 | 28.9 | 4.85 | 37.3 | 61.76 |
| 1989 | 1 302 | 46 | 10 | 36 | 35.3 | 7.7 | 27.7 | 4.65 | 36.5 | 61.43 |
| 1990 | 1 341 | 46 | 11 | 35 | 34.4 | 8.0 | 26.4 | 4.49 | 36.9 | 60.53 |
| 1991 | 1 381 | 46 | 12 | 35 | 33.5 | 8.4 | 25.1 | 4.34 | 38.2 | 59.47 |
| 1992 | 1 421 | 47 | 13 | 34 | 33.2 | 8.9 | 24.2 | 4.23 | 40.2 | 58.35 |
| 1993 | 1 462 | 48 | 14 | 34 | 32.8 | 9.3 | 23.5 | 4.13 | 42.4 | 57.72 |
| 1994 | 1 504 | 48 | 15 | 33 | 32.2 | 10.0 | 22.2 | 4.01 | 44.9 | 56.15 |
| 1995 | 1 544 | 48 | 16 | 31 | 31.0 | 10.6 | 20.4 | 3.80 | 47.8 | 55.06 |
| 1996 | 1 582 | 47 | 17 | 30 | 29.9 | 11.0 | 18.9 | 3.60 | 50.2 | 54.36 |
| 1997 | 1 619 | 47 | 19 | 28 | 29.1 | 11.5 | 17.6 | 3.46 | 52.7 | 53.45 |
| 1998 | 1 656 | 48 | 20 | 28 | 29.0 | 12.1 | 16.9 | 3.40 | 54.7 | 52.52 |
| 1999 | 1 692 | 49 | 21 | 27 | 28.9 | 12.6 | 16.3 | 3.34 | 56.3 | 51.69 |
| 2000 | 1 727 | 50 | 23 | 27 | 29.0 | 13.1 | 15.8 | 3.31 | 57.3 | 51.01 |
| 2001 | 1 762 | 51 | 24 | 27 | 28.9 | 13.4 | 15.5 | 3.26 | 57.1 | 50.68 |
| 2002 | 1 795 | 51 | 24 | 27 | 28.5 | 13.5 | 14.9 | 3.18 | 56.0 | 50.63 |
| 2003 | 1 827 | 51 | 24 | 27 | 28.2 | 13.4 | 14.8 | 3.11 | 54.6 | 50.95 |
| 2004 | 1 859 | 52 | 24 | 28 | 28.1 | 13.1 | 15.1 | 3.07 | 52.5 | 51.62 |
| 2005 | 1 893 | 54 | 24 | 30 | 28.4 | 12.6 | 15.8 | 3.08 | 48.9 | 52.61 |
| 2006 | 1 929 | 55 | 23 | 32 | 28.6 | 11.9 | 16.8 | 3.09 | 46.0 | 53.92 |
| 2007 | 1 967 | 56 | 21 | 35 | 28.6 | 10.9 | 17.6 | 3.08 | 43.4 | 55.73 |
| 2008 | 2 007 | 57 | 21 | 36 | 28.4 | 10.3 | 18.2 | 3.07 | 42.7 | 57.12 |
| 2009 | 2 049 | 58 | 20 | 38 | 28.2 | 9.7 | 18.5 | 3.05 | 41.2 | 58.28 |
| 2010 | 2 092 | 58 | 19 | 40 | 27.9 | 8.9 | 19.0 | 3.02 | 38.6 | 60.01 |
| 2011 | 2 134 | 59 | 19 | 40 | 27.6 | 8.7 | 18.9 | 3.00 | 38.9 | 60.53 |
| 2012 | 2 175 | 60 | 19 | 41 | 27.4 | 8.7 | 18.7 | 2.98 | 38.2 | 60.80 |
| 2013 | 2 217 | 60 | 18 | 42 | 27.1 | 8.2 | 18.9 | 2.96 | 37.4 | 62.00 |
| 2014 | 2 260 | 61 | 18 | 43 | 26.8 | 7.9 | 18.8 | 2.95 | 37.8 | 62.61 |
| 2015 | 2 305 | 61 | 17 | 44 | 26.4 | 7.4 | 19.0 | 2.94 | 37.4 | 63.82 |
| 2016 | 2 352 | 61 | 16 | 45 | 26.1 | 6.8 | 19.3 | 2.93 | 37.1 | 65.46 |
| 2017 | 2 402 | 62 | 15 | 46 | 25.7 | 6.3 | 19.4 | 2.91 | 36.2 | 66.75 |
| 2018 | 2 451 | 62 | 17 | 45 | 25.3 | 6.9 | 18.4 | 2.90 | 35.6 | 65.42 |
| 2019 | 2 500 | 62 | 17 | 45 | 24.9 | 7.0 | 17.9 | 2.88 | 34.9 | 65.46 |
| 2020 | 2 546 | 62 | 18 | 44 | 24.2 | 7.0 | 17.2 | 2.84 | 34.2 | 65.65 |
| 2021 | 2 588 | 61 | 24 | 37 | 23.6 | 9.5 | 14.1 | 2.79 | 33.3 | 61.14 |

### Registered births and deaths

| Year | Population | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase | Crude birth rate | Crude death rate | Rate of natural increase | TFR |
| 1964 | 514 876 | | | | | | | |
| 1971 | 574 094 | | | | 45.3 | 13.7 | 31.6 | 6.5 |
| 1981 | 941 027 | 45 026 | 12 835 | 32 191 | 48.7 | 13.9 | 34.8 | 6.6 |
| 1991 | 1 326 796 | 52 351 | 15 221 | 37 130 | 39.3 | 11.5 | 27.8 | 4.2 |
| 1992 | 1 358 639 | 52 416 | 15 344 | 37 072 | 38.6 | 11.3 | 27.3 | 4.2 |
| 1993 | 1 391 245 | 52 437 | 15 578 | 36 859 | 37.7 | 11.2 | 26.5 | 4.1 |
| 1994 | 1 424 636 | 52 598 | 15 822 | 36 776 | 36.9 | 11.1 | 25.8 | 4.1 |
| 1995 | 1 458 828 | 52 759 | 15 926 | 36 833 | 33.7 | 11.0 | 22.7 | 4.1 |
| 1996 | 1 495 993 | 52 921 | 16 031 | 36 890 | 32.4 | 10.9 | 21.5 | 4.0 |
| 1997 | 1 533 393 | 53 083 | 16 137 | 36 946 | 32.3 | 10.8 | 21.5 | 4.0 |
| 1998 | 1 571 728 | 53 245 | 16 244 | 37 001 | 32.2 | 10.7 | 21.5 | 4.0 |
| 1999 | 1 611 021 | 53 407 | 16 352 | 37 055 | 32.1 | 10.6 | 21.5 | 3.9 |
| 2001 | 1 680 862 | 41 080 | 20 823 | 20 257 | 28.9 | 12.4 | 16.5 | 3.3 |
| 2002 | 1 667 487 | | | | | | | |
| 2003 | 1 691 390 | 41 206 | | | 24.4 | | | |
| 2004 | 1 711 334 | 37 947 | | | 22.2 | | | |
| 2005 | 1 727 372 | 46 945 | | | 27.2 | | | |
| 2006 | 1 739 556 | 44 050 | 19 088 | 24 962 | 29.8 | 11.2 | 18.6 | 3.2 |
| 2007 | 1 756 651 | 44 452 | | | 25.3 | | | |
| 2008 | 1 776 283 | 44 961 | | | 25.3 | | | |
| 2009 | 1 798 372 | 46 624 | | | 25.9 | | | |
| 2010 | 1 822 858 | 50 328 | | | 27.6 | | | |
| 2011 | 2 024 904 | 51 871 | 13 301 | 38 570 | 25.7 | 6.3 | 19.4 | 2.89 |
| 2012 | 2 068 529 | 50 048 | 12 270 | 37 778 | 24.2 | 5.9 | 18.3 | |
| 2013 | 2 110 050 | 49 839 | 11 967 | 37 872 | 23.6 | 5.6 | 18.0 | |
| 2014 | 2 149 255 | 47 478 | 12 177 | 35 301 | 22.1 | 5.6 | 16.5 | |
| 2015 | 2 185 903 | 57 480 | 13 030 | 44 450 | 26.3 | 6.0 | 20.3 | |
| 2016 | 2 219 732 | 54 267 | 12 825 | 41 442 | 24.4 | 5.8 | 18.6 | |
| 2017 | 2 254 021 | 52 358 | 12 386 | 39 972 | 23.2 | 5.5 | 17.7 | 3.1 |
| 2018 | 2 288 656 | 54 023 | 12 609 | 41 414 | 23.6 | 5.5 | 18.1 | 2.656 |
| 2019 | 2 323 493 | 54 100 | 13 185 | 40 015 | 23.3 | 5.7 | 17.6 | 2.648 |
| 2020 | 2 358 445 | 58 646 | 12 219 | 46 427 | 24.9 | 5.2 | 19.7 | 2.844 |
| 2021 | 2 393 396 | 50 962 | 17 590 | 33 372 | 21.1 | 7.3 | 13.8 | 2.478 |
| 2022 | | 48 464 | | | 20.5 | | | 2.442 |
Source: Vital Statistics Report 2012.

### Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy from 1950 to 2020 (UN World Population Prospects):
| Period | Life expectancy in Years |
| 1950–1955 | 44.89 |
| 1955–1960 | 47.82 |
| 1960–1965 | 50.42 |
| 1965–1970 | 52.67 |
| 1970–1975 | 55.09 |
| 1975–1980 | 57.92 |
| 1980–1985 | 60.11 |
| 1985–1990 | 61.09 |
| 1990–1995 | 56.43 |
| 1995–2000 | 52.63 |
| 2000–2005 | 50.06 |
| 2005–2010 | 55.86 |
| 2010–2015 | 64.45 |
| 2015–2020 | 69.09 |

## Ethnic groups

    Tswana 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, Other 7% (including Kgalagadi, Indians and Whites).

## Languages

Setswana 77.3%, Kalanga 7.4%, Sekgalagadi 3.4%, English 2.8%, Shona 2.0%, Sesarwa 1.7%, Sehambukushu 1.6%, Ndebele 1.0%, Others 2.8%. (2011 est.)

## Religions

    Christian 79.1%, Badimo 4.1%, Other 1.4% (includes the Baháʼí Faith, Hindu, Islam, Rastafari), None 15.2%, Unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)

## Migrants

According to the United Nations, there were 110,596 international migrants in Botswana in 2019. Their most common countries of origin were as follows:
International migrants in Botswana in 2019 :
| Zimbabwe | 64,477 |
| South Africa | 5,780 |
| India | 5,668 |
| China | 4,792 |
| Zambia | 4,429 |
| Malawi | 1,484 |
| United Kingdom | 1,320 |
| Nigeria | 1,238 |
| Kenya | 1,215 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1,133 |
| Sri Lanka | 992 |
| Namibia | 992 |
| United States | 923 |
| Tanzania | 818 |
| Angola | 782 |
| Netherlands | 640 |
| Ireland | 629 |
| Eswatini | 611 |
| Mozambique | 607 |
| Source: United Nations"Migrant Stock by Origin and Destination". 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2021. ||