OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chair step

The chair step is a type of high step used by marching bands. This step is named because of the resemblance of the leg in action to a leg's position when sitting in a chair. It is primarily used by bands that brand themselves as traditional-style bands.
The chair step is very visual and emphasizes leg movement with a slight pause in each step, during which the thigh of the action leg may raise to as high as parallel to the ground, with the lower part of the leg and foot remaining perpendicular to the ground. As with the ankle knee step, the toe is the last part of the foot to leave the ground and the first to reconnect.
The move is common among bands in schools affiliated with the Big Ten Conference, as well as bands who are influenced by them, primarily in the Midwestern United States.

## Variations

Some bands will bend the leg at the knee at a 90-degree angle during game performances, and a 45-degree angle during parades. Others will use a combination of the two.
Another element of chair step highlighted by many bands is a horn flip, or swagger, that is executed during the march.
The University of Wisconsin Marching Band originated a unique version where the leg is brought up extremely quickly and pauses at the height of the step, coined "stop at the top".

## University bands that use the chair step

* Bowling Green State University Marching Band (Bowling Green State University)
* Purdue All-American Marching Band (Purdue University)
* Pennsylvania State University Marching Blue Band (Penn State University)
* Marching Illini (University of Illinois)
* Indiana University Marching Hundred (Indiana University)
* The Pride of Minnesota (University of Minnesota)
* The Ohio State University Marching Band (Ohio State University)
* Michigan State University Spartan Marching Band (Michigan State University)
* Michigan Marching Band (University of Michigan)
* Northwestern Wildcat Marching Band (Northwestern University)
* Iowa State University Cyclone Football "Varsity" Marching Band (Iowa State University)
* Hawkeye Marching Band (University of Iowa)
* University of Nebraska Cornhusker Marching Band (University of Nebraska)
* Band of the Fighting Irish (The University of Notre Dame)
* Marching Chiefs (Florida State University)
* University of California Marching Band (University of California, Berkeley)
* University of Southern California Trojan Marching Band (University of Southern California)
* University of Washington Husky Marching Band (University of Washington)
* California Aggie Marching Band-uh (University of California, Davis)
* University of Pittsburgh Varsity Marching Band (University of Pittsburgh)
* The Pride of Ohio (University of Akron)
* Kansas State University Marching Band (Kansas State University)
* Ohio University Marching 110 (Ohio University)
* CMU Marching Band (Central Michigan University)
* Goin' Band from Raiderland (Texas Tech University)
* Southern Methodist University Mustang Band (Southern Methodist University)
* Marching Mizzou (University of Missouri)
# Główne

Główne is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radzyń Podlaski, within Radzyń Podlaski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.
# Georg Johansson (footballer)

Georg Johansson (23 April 1910 – 12 January 1996) was a Swedish football forward who played for the Sweden national team. He was a reserve in the 1934 FIFA World Cup. He also played for IK Brage.
# Kostiantyn Simchuk

Kostiantyn Mykolaiovych "Konstantin" Simchuk (Ukrainian: Костянтин Микола́йович Симчук; born February 26, 1974) is a former Ukrainian professional ice hockey goaltender. He was named best goaltender at the B Pool of the 1994 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships held in Bucharest, Romania. Now retired from his professional career, he focuses on coaching.
# PNL

PNL may stand for:

## Politics

* National Liberal Party (Moldova)
* National Liberal Party (Romania)
* National Liberal Party-Brătianu, a defunct Romanian political party known as PNL

## Other uses

* PNL (band), a French rap duo
* Pantelleria Airport (IATA: PNL), in Italy
* Perceived Noise Level, see EPNdB
* Personal Assets Trust
* Pickleball Newfoundland and Labrador Association Inc., a Canadian provincial sport authority
* Polytechnic of North London, later part of London Metropolitan University
* Preferred Network List, list broadcast by WiFi client devices, see KARMA attack
# Cliff Speck

Robert Clifford Speck (born August 8, 1956) is a former pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Atlanta Braves in its 1986 season. Listed at 6' 4", 195 lb., Speck batted and threw right handed. He was born in Portland, Oregon.
The New York Mets selected Speck as their 17th pick in the first round of the 1974 MLB Draft. Nevertheless, he had to wait 12 years in the Minor Leagues before making his major league debut with his fifth organization. In his second MLB game, he made his only start and defeated the San Diego Padres at Jack Murphy Stadium.
Speck posted a 2-1 record with a 4.13 earned run average in 13 pitching appearances (one start), striking out 21 batters while walking 15 in 28⅓ innings of work for the Braves.
In addition, Speck went 90-104 with a 4.30 ERA in 377 minor league games from 1974–1988. Highlights of his minor league career included pitching in the longest game in the history of professional baseball, a 33 inning affair between Speck's Rochester Red Wings and the Pawtucket Red Sox. Speck was summoned to replace Steve Grilli with the bases loaded and no out, but he failed, allowing an RBI-single to Dave Koza in a 2-2 count which gave Pawtucket a 3–2 victory.

## Sources

* 1 2 3 MLB Statistics. Baseball Reference. Retrieved on January 22, 2017.
* ↑ MiLB Statistics. Baseball Reference. Retrieved on January 22, 2017.
* ↑ The Longest Game in Baseball History. MiLB.com. Retrieved on January 22, 2017.
# 2022 OFC U-17 Women's Championship

The 2022 OFC U-17 Women's Championship, originally to be held as the 2021 OFC U-16 Women's Championship, was to be the 5th edition of the OFC U-16/U-17 Women's Championship, the biennial international youth football championship organised by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) for the women's under-16/under-17 national teams of Oceania. The tournament will be hosted by Tahiti. The winner of the tournament will qualify for the 2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup in India as the OFC representatives.
The tournament was originally scheduled to be held between 11–26 September 2021. However, the OFC announced on 4 March 2021 that it had been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, pending FIFA’s confirmation of dates of the 2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup. On 4 June 2021, the OFC announced that the tournament had been rescheduled to June 2022, with the name of the tournament changed from "2021 OFC U-16 Women's Championship" to "2022 OFC U-17 Women's Championship".
New Zealand are the four-time defending champions, having won all four editions held, with the last edition in 2020, originally also to be held in Tahiti, cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Teams

All 11 FIFA-affiliated national teams from OFC were eligible to enter the tournament.
| Team | Appearance | Previous best performance |
| American Samoa | 2nd | Group stage (2017) |
| Cook Islands | 4th | Third place (2012) |
| Fiji | 3rd | Third place (2016) |
| New Caledonia | 4th | Runners-up (2017) |
| New Zealand | 5th | Champions (2010, 2012, 2016, 2017) |
| Papua New Guinea | 4th | Runners-up (2012, 2016) |
| Samoa | 3rd | Group stage (2016, 2017) |
| Solomon Islands | 3rd | Runners-up (2010) |
| Tahiti | 2nd | Group stage (2017) |
| Tonga | 3rd | Fourth place (2010) |
| Vanuatu | 2nd | Group stage (2016) |

## Venue

To be confirmed.

## Squads

Players born on or after 1 January 2005 are eligible to compete in the tournament.

## Qualified teams for FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup

The following team from OFC qualify for the 2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup.
| Team | Qualified on | Previous appearances in FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup |
| TBD | June 2022 | |
    $^1$ Bold indicates champions for that year. Italic indicates hosts for that year.
# Thor's hero shrew

Thor's hero shrew (Scutisorex thori) is an extant species of shrew native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It and its sister species, the hero shrew (Scutisorex somereni), are the only mammal species known to have interlocking vertebrae.

## Description

Thor's hero shrew has a smaller skull and fewer lower vertebrae—eight instead of ten or eleven—than its sister species. The vertebrae have fewer bony offshoots, and the animal's ribs are flatter and more robust. Like the hero shrew, it has an extremely strong back—roughly four times stronger than a human's, adjusted for size. It is less than 1 foot (0.30 m) long and weighs approximately 1.7 ounces (48 g). Hero shrews are generally less flexible than most mammals, but are able to turn around in confined spaces by sagittally flexing their spines.

## Discovery

Thor's hero shrew was first described in Biology Letters by a team headed by vertebrate biologist William Stanley. In July 2013. It was discovered when Stanley dissected a specimen of hero shrew collected in the village of Baleko and found that its spine was different from those of known specimens. The team named the shrew after Thorvald "Thor" Holmes Jr of the Humboldt State University Vertebrate Museum, as well as referring to the Norse god Thor due to the god's association with strength.

## Evolutionary significance

The structure of Thor's hero shrew's cranium and vertebrae suggest that it may be descended from an evolutionary intermediate between the hero shrew and other shrews. Its existence may help explain the evolution of the hero shrew which, Stanley explains, has historically been cited as an excellent example of punctuated equilibrium, a theory that holds that species sometimes evolve very rapidly in short periods of time after long periods of stability. The existence of an intermediate species hints at a more gradual or incremental evolution for the hero shrew's extreme specialization.
Thor's hero shrew may also help explain the evolutionary advantage of interlocking vertebrae. The animal's discoverers hypothesize that both hero shrew species use their strong backs to push under logs or rocks to find worms or to crawl into the tight spaces between the trunk and the bases of palm leaves to find larvae. The proposed behavior has not been observed in the wild, but the shrews are commonly seen in palm forests, where they have runways around the tree trunks.
# Mónica Molina

Mónica Molina Tejedor is a Spanish actress and singer with a distinctive Mediterranean style in her albums. She is the daughter of well-known singer Antonio Molina.
Her album, "Vuela", was nominated for the 2002 Latin Grammy awards.
Her albums have received a popular interest in Turkey, where she have had several concerts both independently and as a part of international music festivals including Istanbul International Jazz Festival and Antalya International Jazz Festival.
# Jonathan Stinson

Jonathan Stinson is an American singer and composer of opera. Stinson is currently a voice professor and the Director of Opera at the University of Arkansas.

## Education

Stinson is a graduate of the Oberlin Conservatory of Music (2001), and Indiana University School of Music (2004), and University of Cincinnati - College-Conservatory of Music (2016).

## Singing career

Stinson has performed with opera companies and festivals throughout the United States, including Cincinnati Opera, Lyric Opera of Kansas City, Opera Omaha, Dayton Opera, Delaware Valley Opera, Kentucky Opera, Opera Memphis, Opera New Jersey, Cleveland Opera, Central City Opera, Ohio Light Opera, and the Carmel Bach Festival. Stinson was previously a professor of voice at the Crane School of Music at State University of New York at Potsdam. He now teaches at the University of Arkansas as the Director of Opera.

## Composing career

Stinson's song cycles have been performed in Indiana, Ohio, Massachusetts, Tennessee, Missouri, and Wisconsin. His first children's opera, The Three Bears, was commissioned by Opera Memphis and premiered in 2007. In 2011, Stinson's second children's opera, Knightly News, premiered in Chicago by the Chicago Opera Playhouse. During the 2012–2013 season, Atlanta Opera toured Knightly News throughout northern Georgia for 11 weeks. In 2023, Stinson debuted his monodramatic song cycle Uncivil Relief in Virginia.
# Olaf Schmid

Staff Sergeant Olaf Sean George Schmid, GC (11 June 1979 – 31 October 2009) was a British Army bomb disposal expert (Ammunition Technician) who was killed in action in the Afghanistan conflict. Schmid was posthumously awarded the George Cross after he made safe 70 devices before his death in October 2009. The citation was presented to Schmid's widow, Christina Schmid, by the Chief of the Defence Staff Sir Jock Stirrup on 18 March 2010 in a ceremony in the City of London. The announcement of the award of the GC to Staff Sergeant Kim Hughes was made at the same time.

## Early life

Schmid was born on 11 June 1979 in Truro, Cornwall, to a German mother, Barbara, and a Swedish father, Hans-Jörg Schmid, he was brother to Torben and half brother to Gregory. He was educated at Penair School in Truro, and was a choir boy in Truro Cathedral Choir, ultimately becoming head chorister. Schmid lived in Winchester, Hampshire, with his wife Christina and his step-son Laird.

## Army career

Schmid joined the British Army in 1996, enlisting in the Royal Logistic Corps and shortly afterwards he applied to train as a bomb disposal specialist. He served in Northern Ireland, Yugoslavia and Kosovo before being sent to Afghanistan in June 2009. He arrived during Operation Panther's Claw in Helmand Province. On 31 October 2009 Schmid was killed instantly when a devise he was defusing in Sangin, Helmand Province exploded.

## Death and legacy

After Schmid's death was announced several people left tributes to his courage. Schmid's commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Thomson, commanding 2nd Rifles Battle Group, said: "Staff-Sergeant Oz Schmid was simply the bravest and most courageous man I have ever met. Under relentless IED and small arms attacks he stood taller than the tallest." A funeral and memorial service was held at Truro Cathedral on 24 November 2009. On 21 September 2010, his widow, Christina Schmid, was a contributor in a programme in BBC Radio 4's Soul Music series about Gabriel Fauré's Requiem with conductor David Willcocks. The Requiem was performed at the memorial service for Schmid.

### George Cross

On 18 March 2010, Sir Jock Stirrup, the Chief of the Defence Staff announced that Schmid would be posthumously awarded the George Cross, and presented a framed copy of the citation to Schmid's widow during a ceremony at the headquarters of the Honourable Artillery Company in the City of London. The award was gazetted on 19 March 2010. Schmid's widow, Christina, was presented with the medal in a private ceremony at Buckingham Palace on 2 June 2010. She attended the ceremony with her son Laird and her parents.
# Imarex ASA

Imarex ASA also known as the Imarex Group is a Norwegian company that operates a number of services related to shipping management including the futures exchange International Maritime Exchange (Imarex), the Norwegian Futures and Options Clearing House (NOS) and the commodity exchange Fish Pool. The group was created in 2006 when Imarex and NOS merged, under the name Imarex NOS. In 2007 the group changed its name to Imarex ASA. The primary owners are Frontline (15%) and DnB NOR (14%). The group also provides brokerage services within the carbon emission trade and energy trade.
# Shankar Melkote

Shankar Melkote is an Indian comedian, supporting actor who appears in Telugu films and CEO of a marketing company in Hyderabad. He started his film career with Jandhyala's Srivariki Premalekha and went on to appear in 180 films. He is one of the speakers and writers at the Hyderabad Literary Festival. Melkote received the 17th Yudhvir Memorial Award in 2008 for outstanding contribution. He is the father-in-law of M.V.Sridhar, well noted Hyderabad ranji player and Former BCCI General Manager.

## Filmography
### Telugu

* Srivariki Premalekha (1984)
* Karu Diddina Kapuram (1986)
* Premayanam (1988)
* Paila Pachessu (1989)
* Ashwini (1991)
* Srimaan Brahmachari (1992)
* Nuvve Kavali (2000)
* Anandam (2001)
* Akasa Veedhilo (2001)
* Nuvvu Naaku Nachav (2001)
* Ishtam (2001)
* Santosham (2002)
* Manmadhudu (2002)
* Oka Raju Oka Rani (2003)
* Donga Ramudu and Party (2003) as Ravi K. Rao from Washington
* Oka Radha Iddaru Krishnula Pelli (2003)
* Nenu (2004)
* Dost (2004)
* Anand (2004)
* Anandamanandamaye (2004)
* Balu ABCDEFG (2005)
* Modati Cinema (2005)
* Party (2006)
* Desamuduru (2007)
* Aadavari Matalaku Arthale Verule (2007)
* Veduka (2007)
* Gopi – Goda Meeda Pilli(2007)
* Bahumati (2007)
* Lakshyam (2007)
* Athidhi (2007)
* Anasuya (2007)
* Yogi (2007)
* Swagatam (2008)
* John Appa Rao 40 Plus (2008)
* Blade Babji (2008)
* Dongala Bandi (2008)
* Deepavali (2008) as Melkote
* Malli Malli (2009)
* Punnami Naagu (2009)
* Current (2009)
* Bumper Offer (2009)
* Sambho Siva Sambho (2010)
* Sneha Geetham (2010)
* Broker (2010)
* Pappu (2010)
* Udatha Udatha Ooch (2010)
* Happy Happy Ga (2010)
* Gaganam (2011)
* Teen Maar (2011)
* Dookudu (2011)
* Pilla Zamindar (2011)
* Vara Prasad And Potti Prasad (2011)
* Shaitan (2011)
* Dhoni (2012)
* Endhukante Premanta (2012)
* Sudigadu (2012)
* Athadu Aame O Scooter (2013)
* Bunny n Cherry (2013)
* Manam (2014)
* Power (2014)
* Karthikeya (2014)
* Noothi Lo Kappalu (2015)
* O Manasa (2015)
* Where Is Vidya Balan (2015)
* Mantra 2 (2015)
* Cinema Choopistha Mava (2015)
* Akhil (2015)
* Kerintha (2015)
* Supreme (2016)
* Manamantha (2016)
* Head Constable Venkatramaiah (2017)
* Hyderabad Love Story (2018)
* Aravinda Sametha Veera Raghava (2018)
* Silly Fellows (2018)
* Zombie Reddy (2021)
* FCUK: Father Chitti Umaa Kaarthik (2021)

### Kannada

* Anthu Inthu Preethi Banthu (2008)
* Nannavanu (2010)
* Ninnindale (2014)

### Tamil

* Payanam (2011)
* Dhoni (2012)
* Virattu (2014)

### Hindi

* Thoda Tum Badlo Thoda Hum (2004)

### TV Serials

* Amrutham
# FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1936

The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1936 in alpine skiing were the sixth edition of the competition, organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS), and were held in Innsbruck, Austria in February 1936.

## Medal summary
### Men's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Downhill | Rudolf Rominger (SUI) | Giacinto Sertorelli (ITA) | Heinz Von Allmen (SUI) |
| Slalom | Rudolph Matt (AUT) | Eberhard Kneissl (AUT) | Rudolf Rominger (SUI) |
| Combined | Rudolf Rominger (SUI) | Heinz Von Allmen (SUI) | Eberhard Kneissl (AUT) |

### Women's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Downhill | Evelyn Pinching (GBR) | Elvira Osirnig (SUI) | Nini Arx-Zogg (SUI) |
| Slalom | Gerda Paumgarten (AUT) | Evelyn Pinching (GBR) | Gretl Weikert (AUT) |
| Combined | Evelyn Pinching (GBR) | Elvira Osirnig (SUI) | Gerda Paumgarten (AUT) |

## Medal table

* Host nation (Austria)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Switzerland (SUI) | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| 2 | Austria (AUT)* | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 3 | Great Britain (GBR) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Totals (4 entries) | Totals (4 entries) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 18 |
# Integrated Development Region of Greater Teresina

The Integrated Development Region of Greater Teresina (Portuguese: Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento da Grande Teresina) was established by the Federal Decree No 4367, September 9, 2002. It covers the municipalities of Senior piauienses Altos, Beneditinos, Coivaras, Curralinhos, Demerval Lobão, José de Freitas, Lagoa Alegre, Lagoa do Piauí, Miguel Leão, Monsenhor Gil, Teresina and União, plus the municipality of Maranhão Timon, which is on the left Parnaíba the river, opposite the capital piauiense. These municipalities occupy an area of 10,527 km$^2$, in which 1,092 thousand people live, according to the Census 2007, the IBGE, representing 37% of the population of the state of Piauí.
The performance of RIDE covers the main areas of development of cities, including infrastructure, employment generation and vocational training, sanitation (water supply, sewage collection and treatment and cleaning of public service), use and occupation of land. With the installation of RIDE, all actions carried out in the municipalities are to be coordinated by the Council of Development Network, formed by mayors of the region, chosen by the Codevasf, representatives of state governments, which are responsible for choosing them and by members of Ministry of Integration and Development Company of the Valleys of San Francisco and Parnaíba.
# Gene Cook

Gene Cook (January 11, 1932 – February 14, 2002) was an American player in the National Football League (NFL), an honored executive in minor league baseball, and a long-time elected official in Toledo, Ohio.
Cook is a member of the International League Hall of Fame.

## Football career

Cook played collegiately for the University of Toledo. He was drafted in the 13th round of the 1958 NFL draft by the Green Bay Packers. Cook was briefly a wide receiver for the Detroit Lions, recording one reception during the 1959 NFL season. He later played semi-professional ball for the Toledo Tornadoes.

### Pro statistics

| Season | GP | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving |
| Season | GP | Rec | Yds | Y/R | TD | Lng | R/G | Y/G |
| 1959 | 1 | 1 | 43 | 43.0 | 0 | 43 | 1.0 | 43.0 |
| Career | 1 | 1 | 43 | 43.0 | 0 | 43 | 1.0 | 43.0 |

## Political career

Cook was elected to the Toledo City Council in 1967. Cook served continuously in elected office until his retirement in 1997. He served 13 years as vice mayor and three years as city council president. At the time of his death in 2002, his tenure was the longest in the history of the Toledo City Council.

## Minor League Baseball executive

Cook served as the general manager of the minor league baseball Toledo Mud Hens of the International League from 1978 to 1998. He was the team's executive vice president from 1998 to 2002. He was named the International League's Executive of the Year in 1980.
Under Cook's management, the average attendance at Mud Hens games would increase almost threefold. Much of this was due to inventive marketing. In his most well-known move, Cook sent a Mud Hens uniform to the fictional character Cpl. Max Klinger of the television show M*A*S*H, played by actor Jamie Farr, a Toledo native. Thereafter, mentions of the Mud Hens were frequently incorporated into the show's scripts, and the team gained nationwide attention.
Cook was posthumously elected to the International League Hall of Fame in 2008. The number 1 was retired by the Mud Hens in his honor.

## Personal life

Cook was married to his wife, Marion, for 45 years. They had two sons, Gary and John, and a daughter, Shelly (Straube).
Cook died in February 2002 after a brief illness.