OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catalytic computing

Catalytic computing is a technique in computer science, relevant to complexity theory, that uses full memory, as well as empty memory space, to perform computations. Full memory is memory that begins in an arbitrary state and must be returned to that state at the end of the computation, for example important data. It can sometimes be used to reduce the memory needs of certain algorithms, for example the tree evaluation problem. It was defined by Buhrman, Cleve, Koucký, Loff, and Speelman in 2014 and was named after catalysts in chemistry, based on the metaphorically viewing the full memory as a "catalyst", a non-consumed factor critical for the computational "reaction" to succeed.
The complexity class CSPACE(s(n)) is the class of sets computable by catalytic Turing machines whose work tape is bounded by s(n) tape cells and whose auxiliary full memory space is bounded by $2^{s(n)}$ tape cells. It has been shown that CSPACE(log(n)), or catalytic logspace, is contained within ZPP and, importantly, contains TC$^1$.
# Rani Sipri's Mosque

Rani Sipri's Mosque (Gujarati: રાણી સિપ્રીની મસ્જીદ, romanized: Rani Sipri ni Masjid), also known locally as Masjid-e-nagina, and formerly known as Rani Asni's Mosque, is a mosque in the walled city of Ahmedabad, in the state of Gujarat in India. The structure is a Monument of National Importance.

## History

The mosque was commissioned in 1514 by Queen Sipri, the Hindu wife of Mahmud Begada, a sultan who ruled Gujarat. It is also known as Masjid-e-Nagina (Jewel of a Mosque) because of the intricate jali carvings on its walls. In 2006–7, the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation proposed demolishing part of the monument in order to expand a road.
The mosque is named after the Hindu queen of Sultan Mahmud Begada, Rani Sabrāi or Sipri. She was also the mother of Abā Khān. The queen commissioned this mosque in 1514. After her death, the queen was buried in this mosque. Inside, there is also a jenana, a separate area for women to worship.

## Architecture

The jali screen work that includes flowering plants and trees is the prime attraction of this monument. Similar intricate jali work can be seen in other Indo-Islamic architectural monuments in the city like Siddi Sayyed Jali and Sarkhej Roza.

## Gallery

* The minaret, in 2011
* The mosque
* Tomb drawing, 1890
* Details of carving on base of the tomb
* Mosque and tomb
* Southern end of the mosque, 1866
* The mosque in Astodia
# Dendrobium sect. Dendrocoryne

Dendrobium section Dendrocoryne is a subgenus of orchids in the genus Dendrobium.

## Description

Plants in this section have nodded pseudobulbs with two to six leaves at the apex with no leaf sheathing bases.

## Distribution

Plants from this section are found in Australia and New Caledonia.

## Species

Dendrobium section Dendrocoryne comprises the following species:
| Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
| Dendrobium adae F.M. Bailey 1884 | Queensland, Australia | 700–1,220 metres (2,300–4,000 ft) |
| Dendrobium cacatua M.A.Clem. & D.L. Jones 1989 | Queensland, Australia | 0–1,600 metres (0–5,249 ft) |
| Dendrobium falcorostrum Fitzgerald 1876 | Queensland and New South Wales, Australia | 700–1,400 metres (2,300–4,600 ft) |
| Dendrobium fleckeri Rupp & C.T. White 1937 | Queensland, Australia | 800–1,500 metres (2,600–4,900 ft) |
| Dendrobium gracilicaule F. Muell. 1894 | Queensland and New South Wales, Australia; Lord Howe Island, the Kermadec Islands, Fiji, New Caledonia and Vanuatu | 0–600 metres (0–1,969 ft) |
| Dendrobium jonesii Rendle 1901 | Queensland, Australia | 150–1,400 metres (490–4,590 ft) |
| Dendrobium kingianum Bidwill ex Lindley 1844 | Queensland and New South Wales, Australia | 50–1,200 metres (160–3,940 ft) |
| Dendrobium macropus (Endl.) Rchb.f. ex Lindl. 1858 | Norfolk Island | 200–300 metres (660–980 ft) |
| Dendrobium moorei F. Muell. 1869 | Lord Howe Island | 0–1,000 metres (0–3,281 ft) |
| Dendrobium speciosum J. E Smith 1804 | New South Wales,Victoria and Queensland Australia and New Guinea | 0–900 metres (0–2,953 ft) |
| Dendrobium tetragonum Cunningham ex Lindley 1839 | New South Wales and northern Queensland Australia | 500–1,200 metres (1,600–3,900 ft) |

## Natural Hybrids

| Image | Name | Parentage | Distribution |
| | Dendrobium × delicatum (F.M.Bailey) F.M.Bailey 1902 | Dendrobium kingianum × Dendrobium speciosum | Queensland and New South Wales Australia |
| | Dendrobium x gracillimum (Rupp) Leaney 1934 | Dendrobium gracilicaule × Dendrobium speciosum | Queensland, Australia |
# Marc Valdes

Marc Christopher Valdes (born December 20, 1971) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and current pitching coach for the St. Lucie Mets. He played for the Florida Marlins, Montreal Expos, Houston Astros and Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB), and the Hanshin Tigers and Chunichi Dragons of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) .

## Career
### Amateur career

Valdes was born in Dayton, Ohio. He attended Jesuit High School in Tampa, Florida, and played for the Tampa Jesuit Tigers high school baseball team. He graduated in 1990.
He received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida, where he played for coach Joe Arnold's Florida Gators baseball team from 1991 to 1993.

### Playing career

He played all or part of six seasons from 1995-2001 for the Florida Marlins, Montreal Expos, Houston Astros, and Atlanta Braves. He also played three seasons in Japan from 2002-2004 for the Hanshin Tigers and Chunichi Dragons.

### Coaching career

From 2007-2008, Valdes was the pitching coach for the Rookie-level Kingsport Mets. On February 3, 2009, he was named the pitching coach for the Single-A Savannah Sand Gnats. He was the pitching coach for the Binghamton Mets before becoming the current pitching coach for the St. Lucie Mets.
# Tooz District

Tooz District (Arabic: قضاء طوز) is a district in the north-eastern part of Saladin Governorate, Iraq. Its main settlement is the city of Tuz Khurmatu. Other towns include Sulaiman Bek, Yankjah, and Amirli. Its population is predominantly Turkmen. The district's name is in the Turkmen dialect, meaning 'salt.'
# Miguel Valdez

Miguel Ángel Valdéz Espinoza (born 18 August 1984) is a Mexican footballer.

## Club career
### Club Tijuana

In 2010, Miguel started playing for the Club Tijuana Xoloitzcuintles De Caliente. In 2010, he helped Tijuana obtain the Apertura 2010 champions. Then on 21 May 2011, his team advanced to the Primera División.

## Titles

| Season | Club | Title |
| 2011 | Tijuana | Campeón de Ascenso |
# Makhmur, Iraq

Makhmur (Arabic: مخمور, romanized: Maẖmūr, Kurdish: مەخموور, romanized: Mexmûr) is a town in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq. It is situated strategically approximately 60 km southwest of Erbil as well as 80 km north-east of Kirkuk and 80 km south-east of Mosul.

## Background

During the 2014 ISIL crisis, the town was captured by ISIL militants. A volunteer civilian militia to defend the town was created in response. The town was then reclaimed by the Iraqi Army in October 2017.
During the 2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict, clashes were reported on the outskirts of the town between Kurdish Peshmerga forces and the Iraqi army, supported by the Popular Mobilization Forces (also known as Hashd al-Shaabi), until it was fully recaptured by the latter.

## Refugee camp

Situated in the Makhmur District is the Makhmur refugee camp, which was founded in 1998. Around 12,000 Kurdish refugees, who fled the Kurdish-Turkish conflict in the 1990s, live in this refugee camp.
It has been subject to continuous drone strikes by the Turkish state.
# Jean Spahr

Jean Gurney Spahr (née Fine; 1861 – September 25, 1935) was an American social reformer. A pioneer in the U.S. settlement movement, she was a co-founder and officer of the College Settlements Association (CSA), and the head of the Rivington Street Settlement in New York City.

## Early life and education

Jean Gurney Fine was born in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, 1861. Her parents were Lambert Suydam and Mary Ely (Burchard) Fine. Her siblings included the educators, Henry Burchard Fine, John B. Fine, and May Margaret Fine.
She graduated from Smith College with a B.A. degree in 1883.

## Career

Spahr taught at Clinton College (Kentucky, 1883–1885); and at the Brearley School (New York City, 1885–1889).
After teaching at Brearley School, Spahr went to London and visited Toynbee Hall where she became acquainted with the British-model of the settlement movement. Back in New York City in 1889, Spahr shared the idea with other college women and proposed the establishment of a settlement home in the city's Lower East Side at 95 Rivington Street. Spahr became the headworker of the New York College Settlement from 1889 until her marriage in 1892, to Charles B. Spahr, a co-founder of the University Settlement Society of New York.
Her focus was not on "do something for" the poor, but rather living with them and seeing them as equals. After her marriage, she continued as a director of the settlement. In 1935, she was serving as honorary president of the "Art Workshop for Industrial and College Women", a change in programming initiated by the New York College Settlement five years earlier.
Spehr was a member of the Smith College Alumnae Association, and served as president of the Present Day Club of Princeton. She was also active in woman's suffrage work.

## Personal life and death

On July 5, 1892, at Princeton, New Jersey, she married Charles Barzillai Spahr, Ph.D. (1860–1904), political economist, author, and associate editor of the Outlook. They had five daughters: Margaret (b. 1893), Elizabeth Fine (b. 1894), Mary Burchard (b. 1896), Jean Gurney (b. 1899), and Helen Thayer (b. 1902).
In religion, she was a Presbyterian.
Jean Spahr died of pneumonia in New York City on September 25, 1935. In her will, she bequeathed US$10,000 for the endowment of graduate fellowships at Smith College.
# Kubilay Sönmez

Kubilay Sönmez (born 17 June 1994) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for İstanbulspor.

## International career

Sönmez was born in Germany to parents of Turkish descent. He represents the Turkish Football Federation, and has represented the Turkish U20 and U21 national teams.

## Career Statistics
### Club

    As of match played 16 May 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Schalke 04 II | 2013-14 | Regionalliga | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Dardanelspor | 2013-14 | TFF Second League | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| Şanlıurfaspor | 2014-15 | TFF First League | 29 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Şanlıurfaspor | 2015-16 | TFF First League | 18 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 23 | 0 |
| Şanlıurfaspor | Total | Total | 47 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 53 | 0 |
| Kayserispor | 2016-17 | Süper Lig | 18 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 26 | 0 |
| BB Erzurumspor | 2017-18 | TFF First League | 6 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Adana Demirspor | 2017-18 | TFF First League | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| Hatayspor | 2018-19 | TFF First League | 34 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 37 | 0 |
| Hatayspor | 2019-20 | TFF First League | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Hatayspor | Total | Total | 64 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 67 | 0 |
| Göztepe | 2020-21 | Süper Lig | 19 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 21 | 0 |
| Göztepe | 2021-22 | Süper Lig | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Göztepe | Total | Total | 19 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 21 | 0 |
| Bursaspor | 2021-22 | TFF First League | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| Bursaspor | 2022-23 | TFF Second League | 31 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Bursaspor | Total | Total | 45 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 46 | 2 |
| Boluspor | 2023-24 | TFF First League | 25 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 28 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 253 | 2 | 27 | 1 | 280 | 3 |
# Medicine Hat A's

The Medicine Hat A's were a Rookie League affiliate of the Oakland Athletics, playing in the Pioneer League and located in the Canadian city of Medicine Hat, Alberta. They played for a single season, 1977, and their home field was Athletic Park.

## History

The A's arrived in Medicine Hat in 1977, an expansion team for the Pioneer League along with the Calgary Cardinals. The A's had relocated from Boise, Idaho, where they had played two seasons as the Boise A's in the Northwest League. The A's finished in fifth place within the six-team Pioneer League; four members of the team would go on to appear in the major leagues. After the season, the team changed their affiliation to the Toronto Blue Jays and played 25 seasons as the Medicine Hat Blue Jays.

## Season records

| Season | Manager | W–L | Win % | Finish | Playoffs | Ref |
| 1977 | Orlando Gomez | 29–41 | .414 | 5th | none | |

## All-stars

| Season | Name & Position |
| 1977 | Jim Bennett, OF |
# Naoyuki Uwasawa

Naoyuki Uwasawa (上沢 直之, Uwasawa Naoyuki, born February 6, 1994) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher for the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He has previously played in NPB for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters and in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Boston Red Sox.

## Career
### Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters

Uwasawa debuted for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters in 2014. He was selected to the 2018 NPB All-Star game. On October 10, 2018, he was selected Japan national baseball team at the 2018 MLB Japan All-Star Series.
After the 2023 season, the Fighters posted Uwasawa to Major League Baseball teams.

### Boston Red Sox

On January 11, 2024, Uwasawa signed a minor league contract with the Tampa Bay Rays. On March 27, after triggering an assignment clause in his contract, he was traded to the Boston Red Sox in exchange for cash considerations. The next day, he was selected to the 40-man roster and optioned to extended spring training. On April 28, Uwasawa was recalled from the Triple-A Worcester Red Sox and promoted to the majors for the first time. On May 2, Uwasawa made his MLB debut, pitching two innings in a game against the San Francisco Giants; he collected his first MLB strikeout, against Michael Conforto. Uwasawa was optioned to Triple–A on May 8. Uwasawa was designated for assignment by the Red Sox on July 9. He cleared waivers and was sent outright to Worcester on July 13. Uwasawa elected free agency on October 31.

### Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks

On December 18, 2024, Uwasawa signed a four–year contract with the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball.
# Lies (Thompson Twins song)

"Lies" is a song by the British pop band Thompson Twins. It was released as the first single from their third studio album Quick Step & Side Kick (Side Kicks in the US), and the song peaked at number 67 on the UK Singles Chart. The single fared better in the United States, where it peaked at number 30 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the spring of 1983. Along with the B-side track "Beach Culture", "Lies" also spent two weeks at number one on the American dance chart in January 1983, becoming the band's second number one on this chart ("In the Name of Love" had spent five weeks atop this chart in 1982).

## Content

Singer Tom Bailey said, "We [he and Alannah Currie] were just trying to be wacky and a little bit crazy and come up with an idea that we could be irreverent about. The chorus - that kind of catcall chorus, singing, 'lies, lies, lies' - it's the kind of thing you might see in a playground, a school, where someone's calling out like that. But we tried to make it more universal and apply it to bigger issues in the world."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Maurice Phillips and received airplay on MTV and other video programs. Three pairs of feet jut from the blankets at the foot end of an oversized bed, bouncing back and forth to the rhythm of the song, as a variety of sights pass in a room similar to Bowman's bedroom in 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) or a Magritte painting. The end of the video, in which a nurse pulls a privacy screen into place and leans toward the camera with thermometer in hand, establishes that the bed's occupants are patients in a hospital.

## Track listing

* 12-inch single (ARIST 12486, ARIST 12 486)
* "(Bigger & Better) Lies" - 6:35
* "(Long) Beach Culture" - 6:48
* 7-inch single (ARIST 486)
* "Lies" - 3:10
* "Beach Culture" - 3:55

## Charts

| Chart (1982–1983) | Peakposition |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 27 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 6 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 67 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 30 |
| US Dance Club Songs (Billboard) with "Beach Culture" | 1 |
| US Cash Box Top 100 | 31 |
# Chickasha Terminal Railway

The Chickasha Terminal Railway (CTR), an affiliate of the Oklahoma Central Railway, constructed track off the Oklahoma Central into Chickasha, Oklahoma, in 1910, with about 3.44 miles of rails. Its assets were assigned July 31, 1914 to become part of the Oklahoma Central Railroad.

## History

Construction of the Oklahoma Central Railway in the 1906–1908 timeframe included construction from Lehigh to near Chickasha. However, the line fell into receivership on June 2, 1908. The trustees decided to build additional trackage in and near Chickasha, and incorporated the Chickasha Terminal Railway Company in Oklahoma on November 24, 1909, to provide a separate financing vehicle. The CTR constructed 3.44 miles of single track from the Oklahoma Central mainline to Chickasha, completing it December 15, 1910. The CTR had no equipment; it was instead leased to the Oklahoma Central at no cost, but with 50% of any profits going to pay off the CTR's funded debt.
The CTR's assets were included, along with the assets of the similar Ada Terminal Railway and the Oklahoma Central Railway itself, in a reorganized company called the Oklahoma Central Railroad, which was created as of July 31, 1914. That entity was controlled by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (Santa Fe), through ownership of a majority of its capital stock, from August 1, 1914. The tracks of the new Oklahoma Central were also leased to and operated by the Santa Fe.
Abandonment of the former CTR trackage was authorized February 9, 1942. Virtually all the Oklahoma Central trackage has since been abandoned.
# Sulzbach, Saarland

Sulzbach (German pronunciation: ) is a town and a municipality in the district of Saarbrücken, in Saarland, Germany with a population of 16,215 (as of Dec 2015). It is situated approximately 10 km (6 mi) northeast of Saarbrücken.
Following reforms of the regional government in 1974, Schnappach, previously part of St. Ingbert, was incorporated by Sulzbach.

## Economy and Infrastructure

Major employers include Knappschaftskrankenhaus Sulzbach, as well as HYDAC group.
Sulzbach (Saar) station is located on the Bingen (Rhein)–Saarbrücken railway.
# Mirabito Stadium

Mirabito Stadium (formerly known as Binghamton Municipal Stadium and NYSEG Stadium) is a stadium located in the northern section of downtown Binghamton, New York. It is home to the Binghamton Rumble Ponies of the Eastern League. Construction began in July 1991 after it was announced that the Williamsport Bills would be moving from Williamsport, Pennsylvania. The ballpark opened the following season, in April 1992, and has a seating capacity of 6,012 fans.
The stadium is named for Mirabito Energy Products, a local chain of gas stations and convenience stores, and was given the name in 2021.

## Features

The stadium is a split-level construction, with a concourse running around the middle of the seating area. The lower section closest to the field (8-10 rows) is all box seats; above the concourse, the first few rows around home plate are also considered box seats. The rest of the upper section is "reserved grandstand" seating. All seats are blue chair-back models. Six luxury boxes and the press box are located at the top of the seating bowl behind home plate. A small roof covers the luxury boxes and the top few rows of the grandstand seats.
Four tunnels allow access between the seating area and the concourse which runs underneath. This is where concessions and restrooms are located. There is also a group picnic area down the left-field line which can be rented out, as well as "Lupo's Dugout", another picnic area in right field which is sponsored by a local restaurant.
The stadium was known as simply Binghamton Municipal Stadium for its first nine years of existence, but in March 2001, the naming rights were sold for 20 years to New York State Electric and Gas (NYSEG), the local electric and gas utility. In 2021, after NYSEG's agreement had expired, the naming rights were sold to Mirabito Energy Products.

## Notable events

On July 11, 1994, the ballpark hosted the Double-A All-Star Game in which a team of American League-affiliated All-Stars defeated a team of National League-affiliated All-Stars, 10–4, before 6,543 people in attendance.
The Mets' Bob Keppel pitched the first no-hitter in franchise history at NYSEG Stadium on August 2, 2003.
A record crowd of 7,491 gathered to watch Max Scherzer throw a rehab assignment for the Double-AA Binghamton Rumble Ponies on June 21, 2022. Scherzer struck out six over 3 1/3 innings, giving up two earned runs.
# Neelavukku Neranja Manasu

Neelavukku Neranja Manasu (transl. Heart full Neela) is a 1958 Indian Tamil-language film directed by K. Somu. It was released on 26 September 1958.

## Cast

List adapted from the database of Film News Anandan and from film credits.

## Production

The film was produced by Dinshaw K. Tehrani, N. Naga Subramaniam and V. S. Venkatachalam under the banner Royal Films. K. Somu directed the film, while A. P. Nagarajan wrote the screenplay and dialogues. Cinematography was directed by Gopanna, while the camera was handled by G. Vittal Rao and by V. R. Subba Rao (for the colour dance sequence). Dinshaw K. Tehrani was in charge of audiography, while the recordings were done by M. Loganathan. K. Vijayarangam and K. Durairaj handled the editing. Art direction was by N. Kuppusamy. Choreography was done by P. S. Gopalakrishnan, P. C. Thangaraj and Deshmand. The film was shot at Newtone studios and processed at Central Cine Laboratory.

## Soundtrack

Music was composed by K. V. Mahadevan.
| Song | Singer/s | Lyricist |
| "Kannai Kavarum Kalai" | Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi | A. Maruthakasi |
| "Singaara Sangeethame" | Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi, Jikki & A. G. Rathnamala | A. Maruthakasi |
| "Cycle Varudhu Cycle Varudhu" | Thiruchi Loganathan & L. R. Eswari | A. Maruthakasi |
| "Otrumaiye Namakku Uyir Naadi" | Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi & Jikki | A. Maruthakasi |
| "Kanakku Pannuraaru Summaa" | K. Jamuna Rani | A. Maruthakasi |
| "Originality Uyarndha Quality" | Thiruchi Loganathan | A. S. Narayanan |
| "Kalviye Pradhanam" | Jikki | A.Marudhakasi |
# Lakhi Ram Nagar

Lakhi Ram Nagar is an Indian businessman and politician from the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. He has been a Minister for Irrigation and a member of the Bahujan Samaj Party, representing the Kharkhoda, Meerut, Meerut, and Kithore assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh.
According to his nomination filing, he had 19 crore rupees in cash and had 3 criminal cases against him. Including, assault on people, rioting, and carrying tokens used by public servants with fraudulent intent.