OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Emma Espiner

Emma Espiner (née Wehipeihana) is a New Zealand broadcaster and political commentator. In 2020, she won Opinion Writer of the Year at the Voyager Media Awards.

## Biography

Espiner grew up in Wellington. Her mother, Colleen Smith, was a feminist activist and Espiner was involved in feminist protests from a young age. Her father was Martin Wehipeihana. Of Māori descent, Espiner has whakapapa (heritage) to the Ngāti Tukorehe and Ngāti Porou iwi. She graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery from the University of Auckland in 2020.
She is a columnist for Newsroom and hosts a podcast Getting Better for Radio New Zealand about Māori health equity. In 2023, she published a memoir titled There's a cure for this".
Her 2023 memoir, There’s a Cure for This, was shortlisted for the General Nonfiction Award at the 2024 Ockham New Zealand Book Awards.

### Personal life

Espiner married journalist Guyon Espiner in 2012. The couple separated in 2023.
# Dufay Collective

The Dufay Collective is an early-music ensemble from the United Kingdom, specializing in Medieval and Renaissance music. Founded in 1987, it was named after the Renaissance composer Guillaume Dufay. The group is directed by William Lyons. Group size and personnel varies according to the needs of the project.

## Current members

* William Lyons, Artistic Director: flute, recorder, shawm, bagpipes, dulcian,
* Rebecca Austen-Brown, vielle, recorder
* Jon Banks: harp, gittern, guitar

## CD Discography

* A L'Estampida: medieval dance music (1991) - described by the BBC as "influential".
* A Dance in the Garden of Mirth: medieval instrumental music (1994)
* Miri It Is: songs and instrumental music from medieval England (1995)
* Johnny, Cock thy Beaver: popular music-making in 17th century England (1996)
* On the Banks of the Seine: music of the trouvères (1997)
* Miracles: 13th century Spanish songs in Praise of the Virgin Mary (1997)
* Cancionero - Music for the Spanish Court 1470-1520 (2002) - Grammy nominated in the 'Best Small Ensemble Performance' category.
* Music for Alfonso the Wise (2005)
* A L'Estampida - 15¾th Anniversary Edition (2005)
* The Play of Daniel (2008)
* To Drive The Cold Winter Away (2012)
* I Have Set My Hert So Hy (2015)
The group has also collaborated for several movie soundtracks, including those of Hamlet, The Affair of the Necklace, A Knight's Tale, and Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban.
# Herbert Leslie Melville Tritton

Major Herbert Leslie Melville Tritton (1870-1940), was a British banker.

## Early life

Herbert Leslie Melville Tritton was born 20 December 1870. He was the son of the banker Joseph Herbert Tritton.

## Career

Tritton was the president of The Equitable Life Assurance Society from 1930 to 1940. He was also a director of Barclays Bank and chairman of Barclays Bank International from 1934 to 1937.
He was High Sheriff of Essex from 1933 to 1934.

## Personal life

He married Gertrude Susan Gosset. They had four children:
* Lucy Constance Tritton (1895-?)
* Marjorie Gertrude Tritton (1897-?)
* Ralph Leslie Tritton (1900-1929)
* George Henton Tritton (1905-1934)

## Death

He died on 21 November 1940.
# Herbert Leupin

Herbert Leupin (20 December 1916, in Beinwil am See – 21 September 1999, in Basel) was a Swiss graphic designer known primarily for his poster art.

## Life and work

From 1931 until 1934, Leupin attended the Kunstgewerbeschule in Basel. From 1951 until 1964, he worked as an advertising consultant for the German cigarette manufacturer Reemtsma. During this time he also created the Milka cow image. Leupin made his name in the 1940s through his use of the magic realism style of images for advertising consumer goods.
# Herbert Leuninger

Herbert Leuninger (8 September 1932 – 28 July 2020) was a German Catholic priest and theologian. He was a human rights activist for asylum in Germany, a co-founder and speaker of the organisation Pro Asyl, helping refugees, and a member of the board of the European Council on Refugees and Exiles. He is remembered as a "loudspeaker" of refugees.

## Life

Leuninger was born in Cologne-Ossendorf, the second of three children of Alois and Elisabeth Leuninger from Mengerskirchen, Westerwald, where he grew up; his brother Ernst Leuninger [de] also became a priest and theologian. His uncle Franz Leuninger was a Christian trade unionist active in the German resistance to Nazism, who was executed on 1 March 1945 at the Plötzensee Prison.
After his Abitur at the Gymnasium Philippinum Weilburg [de], Leuninger studied philosophy and theology. He was ordained as a priest in Limburg Cathedral on 8 December 1958. He assisted in a parish in Frankfurt-Nied, and then was chaplain (Kaplan), from 1959 in Oberlahnstein and later at the Antoniuskirche [de] in Frankfurt's Westend, then as parish priest in Kriftel. In 1970, he was appointed youth pastor (Jugendpfarrer) for the Main-Taunus district. He served as the advisor for migration questions (Migrationsreferent) to the Bishop of Limburg from 1972 to 1992, under bishops Wilhelm Kempf and Franz Kamphaus. Leuninger served as a member of the board of the European Council on Refugees and Exiles based in London.
In 1986, he founded with Jürgen Micksch and others in Frankfurt Pro Asyl, a human rights organisation for refugees seeking asylum in Germany. He served as the organisation's spokesman until 1994, then as its referent for Europe until 1998.
Besides dealing with questions of the Church and theology, Leuninger was involved with topics related to asylum in Germany, such as Integration von Zugewanderten [de] (integration of immigrants), Fremdenfeindlichkeit (Xenophobia, literally: hostility towards strangers], and Multikulturelle Gesellschaft [de] (multi-cultural society) and published on these areas.
Leininger died after a short illness in Limburg at the age of 87.

## Awards

* 1991: Wilhelm Leuschner Medal [de] of the state of Hesse
* 1998: Walter-und-Marianne-Dirks-Preis [de], with his brother Ernst Leuninger
# Herberth Quesada

Herberth Quesada (born 28 September 1959) is a Costa Rican footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Herbertaceae

Herbertaceae is a family of liverworts. The family consists of the genera Herbertus, Schisma and Triandrophyllum. The genus Herpocladium Mitten, 1873 was later merged into the genus Herbertus.

## Genera

As accepted by GBIF;
* Herbertus Gray (107 species)
* Schisma Dumort. (15 species)
* Triandrophyllum Fulford & Hatch. (10)
# Fenley

Fenley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Molissa Fenley (born 1954), American choreographer
* Stanley Fenley (1896–1972), English cricketer
* Warren Fenley (1922–2009), American basketball player
# Fellhorn

The Fellhorn (2,038 metres (6,686 ft)) is a mountain in the "Allgäu Alps" near Oberstdorf, Germany, on the border with Austria. It is known for its fields of alpenroses (Rhododendron ferrugineum). According to Austrian sources the mountain is 2,039 m above sea level (AA).

## Access

In 1972, a gondola lift, the "Fellhorn Lift", was built that runs up the mountain from the Stillach valley. Its top station is at 1,967 metres. There is also a lift connection to the Kanzelwandbahn. The cross-border Fellhorn/Kanzelwand Ski Region has 24 kilometres of slopes and 14 lifts.

## Gallery

* The Fellhorn in winter
* The summit from the east
# Wrexham and Denbigh Weekly Advertiser

The Wrexham and Denbigh Weekly Advertiser (established in March 1854) was a weekly English language newspaper in Wales.
It contained local news and information from north-east Wales and the border area. Although it claimed no political allegiance, it supported the Liberal party. It was published by George Bayley.
The Wrexham and Denbigh Weekly Advertiser was a successor to the fortnightly Wrexham Advertiser (1850-1854) and the monthly Wrexham Registrar (1848–49).
The first issue appeared on Saturday 11 March 1854 with the title Wrexham and Denbigh Weekly Advertiser, and Cheshire, Shropshire, Denbighshire, Flintshire, and North Wales Chronicle. it was a four-page broadsheet, priced 2d., 3d. if stamped.
The title changed from the Wrexham and Denbigh Weekly Advertiser to the Wrexham and Denbighshire Weekly Advertiser on 2 February 1856. In February 1863 it became the Wrexham Advertiser and Denbighshire, Cheshire, Shropshire and North Wales Register.
Circulation
1857 - 550 copies per week
1859 - 2,000 copies per week
Rivals
The Wrexham and Denbigh Weekly Advertiser had a rival in the Conservative-supporting Wrexham Albion (1854), later the Wrexhamite (1855-1857).
# Wrexham and District Electric Tramways

Wrexham and District Electric Tramways was a company that operated an electric tramway service in Wrexham, Wales between 1903 and 1914 when it was renamed Wrexham and District Transport Company Limited. Trams continued to operate until 1927.

## History

Tramways in Wrexham started in October 1876 with trams hauled by horses when a single line operated between New Inn, Johnstown to the toll bar on the outskirts of Wrexham. On 1 November 1876 this toll bar was removed and the line was extended to the city centre.
The company was acquired in 1900 by Wrexham and District Electric Tramways, a company set up by the British Electric Traction group. They converted the line to 3'6" gauge and electrified it. The work was carried out by Dick, Kerr & Co. Following an inspection by Lt Col. Sir Horatio Arthur Yorke, from the Board of Trade, services started on 4 April 1903.
A new depot was provided at Johnstown, at the corner of Offa Street and Maelor Road, constructed by Jenkins & Jones of Johnstown of Ruabon brick. The depot survived long after the closure of the tramway, one subsequent use being a bus garage for the Crosville Company. It was finally demolished sometime between 2005 and 2010.
Electricity at 550V was obtained from the Wrexham Corporation power station in Willow Road. A 21-year agreement was put in place at the opening of the tramway for the rates at which the company would be charged for its use of power. Drivers were encouraged to operate economic driving practices to minimise the expense to the company. When this agreement expired, the company was forced into an annual contract with the prospect of yearly increases in the unit charge.
The service was extended on 26 May 1903 past Wrexham GWR railway station to the Turf Hotel. From Johnstown the line was taken into the new development at the west of the Wrexham-Ruabon road, reaching Duke Street, Rhosllannerchrugog by the end of 1904. An extension to Ruabon had been authorised, but was never built.
In 1912 the company started experimenting with bus operation and soon realised that this was where most of the profits were going to be made. In recognition of this in 1914 the company changed its name to Wrexham and District Transport Company Limited. However, any plans for expansion of bus services were put on hold with the outbreak of the First World War in the same year and the motor buses that the company had acquired were requisitioned by the armed forces.
After the war, the company suffered from competition as the military authorities disposed of much surplus equipment including motor buses and Wrexham Council issued hackney licences freely to anyone requesting them.

## Fleet

There were 10 tramcars built by Brush Electrical Engineering Company of Loughborough. The livery was red and cream. The vehicles could seat 26 on the upper deck and 20 inside on the lower deck.
Two of the tram bodies were rescued, having been used as garden sheds since closure and remain in storage at Wrexham Council's storage site at Bersham Colliery,

## Closure

The system closed on 31 March 1927.
# Wrinkle-faced bat

The wrinkle-faced bat (Centurio senex) is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae and the only identified member of the genus Centurio. This bat is found in various countries in and around Central America. It eats fruit but is not classified within the fruit bats, and is instead classified as a leaf-nosed bat even though it does not have a leaf nose. It has an unusually shaped skull which is thought to allow it to eat a wider range of foods than other bats.

## Description

Centurio senex is tail-less, medium-sized, and generally has a pelage of a drab brown to yellowish-brown color. It weighs around 17g. Its face is hairless and is covered by convoluted outgrowths of skin (hence the name wrinkle-faced). These skin flaps are more pronounced in males than females. Males also possess a skin mask that can be used to cover their face. The wrinkle-faced bat has storage pouches in its mouth to allow it to store fruit. C. senex subsp. greenhalli differs from the more common C. senex subsp. senex by being larger and in having a more domed braincase, better developed sagittal crest, and relatively shorter maxillary toothrow. Their skulls are extremely short and wide, which is thought to allow them to produce bite forces up to 20% higher than other bats of a similar size. They are able to generate the largest biting force, relative to their size, of any of the leaf-nosed bats.

## Diet

The species is entirely frugivorous (fruit-eating) although it is not known which types of fruit it consumes. Elizabeth Dumont from the University of Massachusetts believes that the strong biting force of the bat allows them to survive through times when soft fruit (such as soft bananas, mangoes, papayas, etc.) is scarce as they are able to eat tougher fruit than other bats. Seed predation has been recorded in Mexican populations, which has been suggested as another function of the bite force.

## Reproduction

Females are thought to be both polyestrous and asynchronous, pregnant females have been recorded every month between January and August except May. Males emit a musky odour from the chin area to attract females. Their sperm morphology is unique in that the sperm head has a rounded nucleus and extremely pointed acrosome.
Recent research on the bats in Costa Rica suggests that the bats exhibit Lek mating.

## Range

Centurio senex subsp. senex is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama and Venezuela. C. senex subsp. greenhalli is only found in Trinidad and Tobago.

## Etymology

The binomial name Centurio senex is formed from the Latin centurio meaning division into hundreds and senex referring to old people. This name was chosen as it was thought that the face of the bat looked like that of a one-hundred-year-old man.
# Wringing

Wringing may refer to:
* Wringing (gauge blocks), the temporary attachment of gauge blocks to each other
* Wringer, a device that extracts liquid by action of twisting or squeezing (see: mangle (machine))
* Neck wringing (see: strangling)
# Frank French

Frank French is an American rock drummer from Sacramento, California. He is a former member of the bands True West, Thin White Rope, Permanent Wave, the Mumbles, Roughousers, the inversions, and Cake. He was the original drummer for Cake, departing from the band after the release of their debut album, Motorcade of Generosity. He has played in several bands since then, and continues to live in Sacramento.
# Temple of Derr

The Temple of Derr or el-Derr is a speos or rock-cut Egyptian temple, now located in New Amada in Lower Nubia. It was built during the 19th dynasty by Pharaoh Ramesses II. It is the only rock-cut temple in Nubia, which was constructed by this pharaoh on the right (or east) bank of the Nile and used to stand at el-Derr. The temple's unique position "was probably because the river on its approach to the Korosko bend flows in an 'unnatural' southeasterly direction". The Derr structure was known in ancient times as 'The Temple of Ri'amsese-meryamun [Ramesses II] in the Domain of Re' and was dedicated to the god Ra-Horakhty. Scholars disagree over its precise construction date: the French Egyptologist Nicolas Grimal states that it was built in the thirtieth year of Ramesses II, presumably to coincide with his first royal jubilee. John Baines and Jaromír Málek also write that the temple of Derr "was built in the second half of the king's reign", likely because its "plan and decoration resembles the Great Temple of Abu Simbel (minus the colossal seated statues against the facade)". Abu Simbel was built between Year 24 and Year 31 of Ramesses' reign. According to Joyce Tyldesley, the Temple of Derr was built by Setau, who is known to have served as Ramesses' Viceroy of Kush or Nubia between Year 38 to 63 of this pharaoh's reign.
It was relocated as part of the International Campaign to Save the Monuments of Nubia.

## Description

The temple of Derr is more elaborate than the speos of Beit el-Wali and "consisted of a sequence of two hypostyle halls (probably preceded by a forecourt and a pylon) leading to a triple sanctuary where a cult of statues of Ramesses II, Amon-Re, Ra-Horakhty and Ptah was celebrated."
When cleaned and restored in modern times, Derr proved to contain unusually bright and vivid relief decorations which contrasted sharply "with the more subdued color tones" from other Egyptian temples.
In 1964, the temple was dismantled and relocated, as part of the International Campaign to Save the Monuments of Nubia, along with the Temple of Amada, to a new site. Early travellers visited the original site, and the temple itself was first studied and published by Aylward Blackman in 1913.
# Ferdinand (moon)

Ferdinand is the outermost retrograde irregular satellite of Uranus. It was first seen near Uranus by Matthew J. Holman, John J. Kavelaars, Dan Milisavljevic, and Brett J. Gladman on August 13, 2001 and reobserved on September 21, 2001. The object was then lost with no confirmation it was actually orbiting around Uranus.
On August 29 and 30, 2003 a team led by Scott S. Sheppard surveyed the sky around Uranus with the Subaru Telescope and detected two unknown objects near Uranus. These two new objects were reobserved by Sheppard et al. with the Gemini telescope on September 20, 2003 and reported to the Minor Planet Center as possible new moons of Uranus. On September 24, 2003, Brian G. Marsden, at the Minor Planet Center, linked one of the unknown objects reported by Sheppard et al. to the lost object observed by Holman et al. in 2001. Holman was then able to confirm the linkage between the 2001 and 2003 objects on September 30, 2003 by observing its location with the Magellan-Baade telescope. The linked 2001 and 2003 object was then given the provisional designation S/2001 U 2 on October 1, 2003, officially identifying it as a new moon of Uranus. Now designated Uranus XXIV, Ferdinand is named after the son of the King of Naples in William Shakespeare's play The Tempest.
The second new object observed by Sheppard et al. in 2003 was also a new moon of Uranus, now named Margaret.

## Orbit

Ferdinand is the most distant known satellite of Uranus. It follows a retrograde, modestly inclined but highly eccentric orbit. The diagram illustrates the orbital parameters of the retrograde irregular satellites of Uranus (in polar co-ordinates) with the eccentricity of the orbits represented by the segments extending from the pericentre to the apocentre.
# Tenthredo atra

Tenthredo atra is a Palearctic species of sawfly. It is a pollinator of the plant Euphorbia serrata.
# Tenthredo brevicornis

Tenthredo brevicornis is a Palearctic species of sawfly.
# Felle, Norway

Felle is a village in Nissedal Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The village is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the southeast of the village of Treungen. Felle Chapel is located in the village. In 2011, there were about 130 residents in Felle and its surrounding areas.
In 2009, the village had a primary school with 6 pupils, and the school was threatened with closure. In 2011, the local newspaper Aust Agder Blad wrote that the residents of Felle were dissatisfied with being part of Nissedal municipality, and would rather be incorporated into the neighboring municipality of Gjerstad in Aust-Agder county. When the municipal council in Nissedal decided to close the primary school in Felle, it was decided that they would fund a kindergarten in the village instead.
# Fellegi

Fellegi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ivan Fellegi (born 1935), Hungarian-Canadian statistician and researcher
* Tamás Fellegi (born 1956), Hungarian politician, jurist, political scientist, and businessman
# Wrynose Pass

The Wrynose Pass is a mountain pass in the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England between the Duddon Valley and Little Langdale.

## Etymology

The unusual name of the pass is taken from that of the adjacent Wrynose hill, also called Wrynose Fell. The name was recorded in 12th-century documents as "Wrenhalse" and in the 16th century as "Wrenosse Hill". It is thought, based on a suggestion by Eilert Ekwall, to mean "stallion's ridge", being formed on the Old Norse words (v)reini ("stallion", probably here used as a byname for an individual), and hala. It is one of a number of place names of Scandinavian origin in the area. Although most academic sources characterise "Vreini" in this context as a personal name, it has also been explained as suggesting "the horse power needed to climb it". Other suggested origins are from Old Norse ravn hals, "pass of the raven", and wreye nes, the "twisted headland". Over the years, the name has been altered to the form "Wrynose" through folk etymology, though it is still locally pronounced "Wreynuss", much like its older form.

## Road

There is a single-track motor road over the pass with gradients up to 1 in 4. The pass reaches an altitude of 393m or 1,281 feet. The road drops to Wrynose Bottom, where there is a choice of heading south to Broughton-in-Furness or continuing west to Eskdale over Hardknott Pass, whose 1 in 3 gradient (about 33%) is one of the steepest roads in England. The modern road overlays a Roman road for some of the route, with the Roman track visible alongside in other stretches.
The pass separates the Furness Fells from the Bowfell-Crinkle Crags massif.

## Shire Stones

At the top of the Wrynose Pass is the Three Shire Stone, marking the meeting point of the historic counties of Cumberland, Lancashire and Westmorland. Prior to the early 19th century, three "county stones" existed in the same spot.

## Farm

At the bottom of Wrynose is Fell Foot Farm, a 17th-century, Grade II listed, National Trust property.
# Ferenc Varga

Ferenc Varga may refer to:
* Ferenc Varga (sculptor) (1906–1989)
* Ferenc Varga (athlete) (1925–2023)
* Frank Varga or Ferenc Csaba Varga (1943–2018), Hungarian-American sculptor
* Ferenc Varga (singer) [hu], (singer), finalist on Megasztár
# Herman van Bekkum

Herman van Bekkum (26 September 1932 – 30 November 2020) was a Dutch organic chemist. He was professor of Catalysis in Organic Chemistry between 1971 and 1998 at Delft University of Technology. He served as rector magnificus of the university between 1975 and 1976. He was an expert in the field of carbohydrate chemistry and zeolites.

## Career

Van Bekkum was born on 26 September 1932 in Rotterdam. He studied technological chemistry at Delft University of Technology and graduated in 1959. He subsequently worked two years for Royal Dutch Shell before returning to Delft University to work as lecturer. In 1971 he was named professor of Catalysis in Organic Chemistry. From 1975 to 1976 he served as rector magnificus of the university. As professor van Bekkum specialized in carbohydrate chemistry and the study of zeolites. In 1995 van Bekkum was appointed as the first president of the newly-founded Federation of the European Zeolite Association.
In 1998 he officially retired, however, by 2013 he was still working at the university. In his period at Delft University van Bekkum was doctoral advisor to 75 students.
Van Bekkum was elected member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1995. He became an honorary member of the Royal Netherlands Chemical Society in 1998.
Apart from his career in chemistry van Bekkum was a competitive chess player.
He died on 30 November 2020 in Rotterdam, at age 88.