OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# San Sebastiano Curone

San Sebastiano Curone (Piedmontese: San Bastiau Curou ) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Alessandria, at the confluence of the Curone and Museglia streams.
San Sebastiano Curone borders the municipalities of Brignano-Frascata, Dernice, Gremiasco, and Montacuto.

## History

Part of the commune of Fabbrica Curone it was under the dominations of the Malaspina and Fieschi from Genoa. In the 16th century, under the Doria, it became an important market centre for salt, fish and cereals.
It is the birthplace of Felice Giani, a neo-classicist painter.
# San Sebastiano, Esanatoglia

San Sebastiano is a Roman Catholic church located in the town of Esanatoglia, province of Macerata, in the region of Marche, Italy.

## History

A church at the site is documented since the 13th century. During the 16th to 17th centuries, the church was affiliated with the Confraternity of the Santissimo Sacramento. The interiors still have traces of 15th century frescoes once in a semicircular apse. The pronaos on the church appears to date from the 16th century. The exterior decoration appears to date to 1599. Much of the church derives from a 19th-century reconstruction. After the 1997 earthquake, the structure was restored.
# Cycnidolon phormesioides

Cycnidolon phormesioides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins in 1960.
# Andrzej Wincenty Górski

Andrzej Wincenty Górski (15 August 1920 – 22 November 2017) was a Polish academic who was a professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the Warsaw University of Technology.
Górski was the author of a large number of research articles and two monographs on the systematics of chemical objects, as well as academic textbooks: "General Chemistry" and the two-volume textbook "Chemistry".
Andrzej W. Górski formulated the periodic table of atomic cores as co-ordination centres of chemical structural units and a uniform digital definition of acids, bases, oxidants and reducers which both form a basis for empirically verified, morphological classification of chemical structural units. The main area of scientific activity of A.W.Górski was the systematics of chemical objects.
The classification was verified in a vast range of empirical studies which had been carried out on the nature of mechanisms of thermal decomposition of chemical compounds. In the course of works on the classification of elements and chemical structural units a new version of the periodic chart has been created: Atomic Core Based Periodic System of Elements. This system is compatible with the established classification. It is also free from well known deficiencies which occur in the atom-based periodic system.

## Biography

Andrzej Wincenty Górski (the son of Marian Górski, an eminent agrochemist, who was twice rector of the Warsaw Agricultural University) was born on 15 August 1920, in Warsaw. In 1947, he graduated from the Department of Chemistry of the Warsaw University of Technology and received his doctorate degree there in 1952.
He became a professor of Inorganic Chemistry in 1965. Professor Andrzej W. Górski was a Dean of the Department of Chemistry at the Warsaw University of Technology from 1973–80, a member of the Board of the Polish Chemical Society from 1972–79, the Vice-president of the Polish Chemical Society from 1974–76, the representative of the Polish Chemical Society at the Federation of Chemical European Societies – working party in education between 1973 and 1985, the Vice-Chairman of the National Research Project on Special Inorganic Materials from 1981–88 and the Chairman of the National Research Project on Special Inorganic Materials from 1988 to 1990. He died in November 2017 at the age of 97.
# Kosher Today

Kosher Today is a periodical focused on "foods that are prepared according to kashrut, the dietary regulations of Judaism."
Described as a trade magazine, it is published by Integrated Marketing Communications. By 2017 it had become online-only; which also has a Breaking News section.
Their coverage is not limited to the U.S. market.

## Kosherfest

Kosher Today's publisher is also "the owner of Kosherfest, a kosher food trade show." Competition in this trade show category include Kosher World Conference and Expo and Kosher Food and Life Expo.
# Pingeot

Pingeot is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anne Pingeot (born 1943), French art historian, mistress of François Mitterrand
* Mazarine Pingeot (born 1974), French writer, journalist, and professor, daughter of François Mitterrand
# Glyphipterix calliscopa

Glyphipterix calliscopa is a species of sedge moth in the genus Glyphipterix. It was described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1905. It is found in Australia, including Victoria and Queensland.
# Maderisation

Maderisation is a process that involves the heating and oxidisation of a wine. The term is named after the process used in the production of Madeira wine, where it occurs while the wine is in cask. The resulting wine darkens in color and acquires a Sherry-like character. Apart from Madeira wine, it is generally seen as a wine fault, but is desirable in the case of certain dessert wines where it occurs over the course of long bottle aging.
# Alysia D. Marino

Alysia Diane Marino is an American experimental particle physicist. She is the Jesse L. Mitchell Endowed Chair at the University of Colorado, Boulder. In 2022, Marino was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society for "major contributions to understanding the physics of neutrino production and interactions, and for leadership in data analysis in the T2K and NA61/SHINE collaborations."

## Early life and education

Marino was born in New York City, New York, USA. She graduated as class valedictorian from South Brunswick High School in 1994 and enrolled at Princeton University. During her undergraduate studies, Marino became interested in neutrino physics. Following Princeton, Marino enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley for her master's degree and PhD in physics. Her thesis was titled Evidence for Neutrino Oscillations in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. Upon completing her PhD, Marino received the Mitsuyoshi Tanaka Dissertation Award in Experimental Particle Physics for her "contributions to the measurement of neutrino fluxes which conclusively support the hypothesis of flavor oscillation of neutrinos produced in the sun as they travel toward the earth." Marino then accepted post-doc positions at Fermilab's MINOS neutrino experiment and at the University of Toronto working on the T2K experiment.

## Career

Marino completed her post-doc positions in 2009 and accepted a faculty position at the University of Colorado, Boulder. As an assistant professor of physics, Marino received a five-year early-career research grant from the United States Department of Energy to fund her research into long-baseline neutrino. The grant enabled her to focus on the characteristics and behavior of neutrinos which eventually led to a massive neutrino generator and detector in Japan. While working with Japanese scientists on the T2K experiment, she collaborated with colleague Eric D. Zimmerman to design and build one of three magnetic horns used to generate neutrino beams. She was also part of the team which discovered a new way in which neutrinos changed forms during flight. In 2011, Marino was a recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers for her accomplishments in the study of neutrino properties and the "development of diagnostic tools that may be used to help design future neutrino beam facilities, as well as for her outstanding mentoring of graduate students." In 2015, Marino and Zimmerman were among the scientific collaborators who shared the 2016 Breakthrough Prize for Fundamental Physics for the discovery and study of neutrino oscillations.
In 2022, Marino was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society for "major contributions to understanding the physics of neutrino production and interactions, and for leadership in data analysis in the T2K and NA61/SHINE collaborations."
# Zuzim

Zuzim may refer to:
* Zuzim, the plural form of Zuz (Jewish coin), a Jewish currency used in Roman Palestine
* Zuzim (biblical people), a people mentioned in the Bible
# Zvanika

Zvanika is a village in Kardzhali Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern Bulgaria.
# Erasmo Ramirez

Erasmo Ramirez may refer to:
* Erasmo Ramirez (left-handed pitcher) (born 1976), American Major League Baseball left-handed relief pitcher from 2003-2007
* Erasmo Ramírez (right-handed pitcher) (born 1990), Nicaraguan Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher
# Ernest Baker

Ernest Baker may refer to:
* King Ernest Baker (1939–2000), American blues and soul singer and jazz musician
* Ernest Hamlin Baker (1889–1975), American artist and illustrator
* Ernest A. Baker (1869–1941), English author and editor
# Epilobium coloratum

Epilobium coloratum, known by the common names purpleleaf willowherb and cinnamon willow-herb, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Epilobium of the willowherb family Onagraceae. This species is native to the Midwest and Eastern United States (excluding Mississippi and Florida), as well as the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Québec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland. It is also native to the Dominican Republic and Haiti.

## Description

Epilobium coloratum is a perennial, herbaceous plant that can reach 1.2 meters (4 feet) in height. Small flowers with 4 notched petals of white or light pink rest each at the end of a single short stalk and generally bloom August to October. Leaves are simple and opposite in arrangement with two leaves per node along the stem.

## Distribution and habitat

Epilobium coloratum is native to and present in the Midwest and Eastern United States (excluding Mississippi and Florida), as well as the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Québec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland. It is also native to the Dominican Republic and Haiti.
Habitats include poorly-drained prairies; moist, wooded areas; bogs; marshes; and, edges of rivers and ponds. Occasional flooding is tolerated.

## Conservation

Epilobium coloratum is classified as LC (Least Concern) on the IUCN Red List. NatureServe lists it as Secure (G5) worldwide and Critically Imperiled (S1) in Alabama, Oklahoma, Newfoundland, and Prince Edward Island; Imperiled (S2) in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia; and, Vulnerable (S3) in North Carolina, North Dakota, and Québec.
# Zoltán Szalkai

Zoltán Szalkai (born 1961) is a Hungarian documentary film director. He studied agriculture and geology before turning to a career in directing documentary films.
One of the best known of these is On Foot through Gulag Land, an 8-part film series made on location in Russia. The film explores the many encounters Szalkai had when walking across Russia, as he met people who had been held in the forced labour camps and discussed their experiences with them. He was born and grew up in Hungary when it was dominated by the Soviet Union, and he was taught the Communist version of history.
Szalkai has also filmed in Vietnam and Indonesia. He filmed in Alaska, where he shot Wise Men of Alaska (2000) in the village of Wiseman. This was inspired by the American Robert Marshall's book Arctic Village (1933).
# Babingtonia minutifolia

Babingtonia minutifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to a small area in the southwest of Western Australia. It is an erect, widely spreading shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to elliptic leaves and pale pink flowers arranged singly in leaf axils, each flower with 16 to 19 stamens in a circle.

## Description

Babingtonia minutifolia is an erect, widely spreading shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.4–1.5 m (1 ft 4 in – 4 ft 11 in) and has very slender branches. The leaves are mostly narrowly egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, sometimes elliptic, 0.9–1.6 mm (0.035–0.063 in) long and 0.4–0.7 mm (0.016–0.028 in) wide on a petiole 0.1–0.2 mm (0.0039–0.0079 in) long. The flowers are arranged in singly in leaf axils on a peduncle 1.5–5 mm (0.059–0.197 in) long with bracteoles 0.6–1.2 mm (0.024–0.047 in) long at the base. The sepals are 0.2–0.5 mm (0.0079–0.0197 in) long and 1.3–1.8 mm (0.051–0.071 in) wide pink, or sometimes absent. The petals are pale pink, 3.5–4.0 mm (0.14–0.16 in) long with 16 to 19 stamens in a circle. The ovary has three locules and the style is 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.118 in) long. Flowering occurs from late September to December, and the fruit is a capsule 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.118 in) long and 3.0–3.5 mm (0.12–0.14 in) in diameter.

## Taxonomy

Babingtonia minutifolia was first formally described in 2015 by Barbara Rye and Malcolm Trudgen in the journal Nuytsia from specimens collected south of Bunjil in 1981. The specific epithet (minutifolia) means "very small leaves".

## Distribution and habitat

This species grows on rock outcrops in the area between Perenjori, Carnamah and Bunjil in the Avon Wheatbelt bioregion of south-western Western Australia.

## Conservation status

Babingtonia minutifolia is listed as "Priority One" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, meaning that it is known from only one or a few locations which are potentially at risk.
# Babingtonite

Babingtonite is a calcium iron manganese inosilicate mineral with the formula Ca$_2$(Fe,Mn)FeSi$_5$O$_{14}$(OH). It is unusual in that iron(III) completely replaces the aluminium so typical of silicate minerals. It is a very dark green to black translucent (in thin crystals or splinters) mineral crystallizing in the triclinic system with typically radial short prismatic clusters and druzy coatings. It occurs with zeolite minerals in cavities in volcanic rocks. Babingtonite contains both iron(II) and iron(III) and shows weak magnetism. It has a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6 and a specific gravity of 3.3.
It was first described in 1824 from samples from Arendal, Aust-Agder, Norway (which is its type locality) and was named after the Irish physician and mineralogist William Babington (1757–1833).
It is the official mineral (mineral emblem) of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The first published report of babingtonite in Massachusetts was by Francis Alger in 1844, who credited Thomas Nuttall with its discovery in Charlestown (now Somerville). The location was the Granite Street quarry, formerly known as the Milk Row quarry.

## Gallery

* Jet black babingtonite from Lane Quarry, Northfield, Franklin County, Massachusetts, US
* Triclinic crystals of babingtonite with prehnite, from Qiaojia, Qiaojia Co., Zhaotong, Yunnan, China
* Black babingtonite which covers a matrix of botryoidal, green prehnite, and a large, colorless, doubly terminated quartz crystal
* Babingtonite (dark) on prehnite, Qiaojia, Qiaojia County, Yunnan Province, China
# Ernest E. Hunter

Ernest Edwin Hunter (1883–1947) was a British political activist and journalist.

## Biography

Born in Southborough in Kent in 1883, Hunter became interested in socialism in his youth, and joined the Social Democratic Federation in 1901. He later switched to the Independent Labour Party (ILP), and was also an organiser of The Clarion's van movement. In 1913, he worked as a full-time election agent for the Labour Party in Bishop Auckland, and from 1914 to 1916, he was the political agent for the Northumberland Miners' Association.
In 1918, Hunter became the secretary of the No-Conscription Fellowship, but with the end of World War I, this was wound up. From 1921, he served on the National Administrative Council of the ILP, and chaired its London and Southern Counties division. He wrote a number of publications for the party, such as the ABC of Socialism and Socialism at Work, and became the secretary of the ILP's Information Committee. He was close to Ramsay MacDonald, even after MacDonald left the party, and also to John Beckett, with whom he shared membership of the 1917 Club. However, Fenner Brockway disliked Hunter, describing him as "a master of manipulation".
The ILP was affiliated to the Labour Party, for which Hunter stood unsuccessfully in Hackney Central at the 1923 and 1924 United Kingdom general elections. He was the editor of the ILP's newspaper, the New Leader, for a short period in 1929 and 1930. The following year, he opposed the split of the ILP from the Labour Party, deciding to leave the ILP. He found work with the Daily Herald, soon becoming its political editor. He also devoted time to the National Union of Journalists, and served as its president in 1940/41.

## Personal life

Ernest married Grace Helen Browning in Walthamstow in 1906. They had three children, Gilbert, Dennis and Margaret, but Grace died soon after the birth of Margaret in January 1911. The Browning family were active supporters of the early Social Democratic Federation in East London, with Grace's brother, Egbert Browning working as an agent for SDF leader, George Lansbury and sister Beatrice who was also an active member of the same movement. Ernest Hunter later remarried to Eva Rolph in Romford in 1920 and had two more children, William and David. William and David were not mothered by Eva Rolph. Ernest had separated from her and cohabited with Eleanor Dalton, an active member of the ILP, from 1924 until his death. (Source-Grandson)
# BPY2

Testis-specific basic protein Y 2 also known as basic charge, Y-linked 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BPY2 gene which resides on the Y chromosome.

## Function

This gene is located in the nonrecombining portion of the Y chromosome, and expressed specifically in testis. The encoded protein interacts with ubiquitin protein ligase E3A and may be involved in male germ cell development and male infertility. Three nearly identical copies of this gene exist on chromosome Y; two copies are part of a palindromic region. This record represents the copy outside of the palindromic region.
# Eric Nicol

Eric Patrick Nicol (December 28, 1919 – February 2, 2011) was a Canadian writer, best known as a longtime humour columnist for the Vancouver, British Columbia newspaper The Province. He also published over 40 books, both original works and compilations of his humour columns, and won the Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour three times.

## Early life

Nicol was born on December 28, 1919, in Kingston, Ontario. In 1921 his family relocated to British Columbia. Nicol attended Lord Byng Secondary School and the University of British Columbia, where he studied French. In 1941, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the university.
Following military service in the Second World War, Nicol returned to the University of British Columbia and earned a Master of Arts degree. He then studied at the Sorbonne in France, and lived in London, England for a few years writing comedy for the BBC.
In 1951 he returned to Vancouver, where for several decades he served as a regular columnist for city's newspaper The Province. He also wrote numerous radio comedy plays for CBC Radio.
Nicol lived in Vancouver until his death on February 2, 2011. He was married to writer Mary Razzell, and had three children with his first wife, Myrl Nicol.

## Awards and recognition

* 1951: winner, Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour The Roving I
* 1956: winner, Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour Shall We Join the Ladies?
* 1958: winner, Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour Girdle Me a Globe
* 1999: finalist, Hubert Evans Non-Fiction Prize, Anything for a Laugh: Memoirs
* 2000: appointed Member of the Order of Canada
# Étienne Maynon d'Invault

Étienne Maynon d'Invault (born 1721, Paris – 1801, Saint-Germain-en-Laye) was a French statesman.

## Life

Son of Vincent Maynon of Invault and Agnes Bouvard Fourqueux, in 1758 he married his cousin Elizabeth Adelaide Bouvard Fourqueux.
He was advisor to the Investigations of the Parlement of Paris in 1741. He was then master of requests (4 March 1747 - 29 January 1766), president of the Grand Council (1753), steward of Picardy in Amiens (August 1754). Appointed State supernumerary on 5 October 1766, he became Counselor of State on 7 November 1767.
He was appointed Comptroller General of Finance on 22 September 1768 and Minister of State on 10 December 1768.
He proposed extending the second Vingtième until 1772, which raised strong remonstrances of the Parliaments and drove Louis XV to hold a lit de justice on 11 January 1769 to register the edict.
He used the ordinary expedients, while preparing drastic measures that should be discussed on 19 December 1769. The Boards of Finance gathered together, in a committee comprising members of both Councils. Following this meeting, Louis XV decided not to submit the measures envisaged in the expanded Council, which led to his resignation on 19 December 1769.
Political offices :
| Preceded byClément Charles François de Laverdy | Controllers-General of Finances 22 September 1768 – 19 December 1769 | Succeeded byJoseph Marie Terray |
# Ernest Heath

Ernest C. Heath was an English professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

## Career

Born in Rotherham, Heath played for Gainsborough Trinity, Bradford City and Bury.
For Bradford City he made 3 appearances in the Football League.

## Sources

* Frost, Terry (1988). Bradford City A Complete Record 1903-1988. Breedon Books Sport. ISBN 0-907969-38-0.
# BPM 132

BPM 132 is the debut studio album by J-pop duo Two-Mix, released by King Records on August 23, 1995. It includes the debut single "Just Communication", which was used as the first opening theme of the anime series Mobile Suit Gundam Wing. At the time of the album's release, members Shiina Nagano and Minami Takayama and composer Kōji Makaino were not credited, as the duo's management ISM Artist (株式会社イズム・アーティスト, Kabushiki-gaisha Izumu Ātisuto) marketed Two-Mix as a "Virtual Artist" (ヴァーチャルアーティスト, Vācharu Ātisuto).
The album peaked at No. 16 on Oricon's weekly albums chart.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Shiina Nagano; all music is composed by Minami Takayama, except where indicated; all music is arranged by Two-Mix.

## Charts

| Chart (1995) | Peak position |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 16 |
# Masange

Masange is an administrative ward in the Kondoa district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, the ward has a population of 12,348.
# Babu Singh Maan

Babu Singh Maan, also known as Maan Maraarhan Wala, is an Indian songwriter/lyricist of Punjabi-language folk songs. He penned the first song of singer Kuldeep Manak's career.

## Early life

Maan was born on 10 October 1942, to father S. Inder Singh and mother Aas Kaur, in the village of Maraarh of Faridkot district in British Punjab. He got his primary education from the nearby village known as Jand Sahib and his poetry started publishing in children magazines while he was in just 6th standard. He passed his graduation from Barjindra College, Faridkot.

## Career

His song, duddh kahrh ke jaag na laavan, terian udeekan haania was published in a magazine by Kartar Singh Balaggan. His first book, Geetan Da Wanjaara, was published in 1963. His first recorded song was sung by singer Gurpal Singh Pal and later many famous singers like Harcharan Grewal, Surinder Kaur, Sukhwinder Singh, Mohammad Rafi, Lata Mangeshkar, Gurcharan Pohli, Harbhajan Maan, Babbu Maan and more have given voices to his songs. He is the person to write the first song of singer Kuldeep Manak's career. Most of his duets were sung by Muhammad Sadiq and Ranjit Kaur. He has also written songs for many films including Nasibo and Sassi Punnu. He is a versatile artist and touched on many important topics in his songs. Most of his songs speak about the village culture and relationships. He has also written songs about the famous love stories of Punjab like Heer Ranjha, Mirza Sahiban, Sohni Mahiwal and Heroes of Punjabi folklores and history like Pooran Bhagat and Sucha Singh Soorma. Maan has also served as Sarpanch of his village 3 times.