OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# First War of Kappel

The First War of Kappel (Erster Kappelerkrieg) was an armed conflict in 1529 between the Protestant and the Catholic cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy during the Reformation in Switzerland. It ended, without any single battle having been fought, with the first peace of Kappel (Erster Landfriede).

## Background

Led by Huldrych Zwingli, the Protestant Canton and City of Zürich had concluded with other Protestant cantons a defensive alliance, the Christliches Burgrecht, which also included the free imperial cities of Konstanz and Strasbourg. The Catholic cantons responded by forming an alliance with Ferdinand of Austria.
Conflicts between the two religions arose also over the situation in their territories, especially the Thurgau, where the administration changed biannually between cantons and so switched between Catholic and Protestant rules. Several mediation attempts failed, such as the disputation of Baden in 1526.
Numerous minor incidents and provocations occurred on both sides, such as a Catholic priest being executed in the Thurgau in May 1528 and the Protestant pastor J. Keyser being burned at the stake in Schwyz in 1529. The last straw was the installation of a Catholic vogt at Baden.

## Course of war

Zürich declared war on 8 June, occupied the Thurgau and the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and marched to Kappel, at the border of Zug.

## Resolution

Mediation at the Tagsatzung allowed open warfare to be narrowly avoided. The armies were on the field (the march of Kappel between Zürich and Zug) while negotiations were ongoing, but both armies' soldiers arranged to avoid any provocation. Johannes Salat of Lucerne, an eyewitness, recorded how the men from both camps fraternised, drank and talked together. Heinrich Bullinger later cast that in terms of the Kappeler Milchsuppe ("milk soup of Kappel"), an anecdotal account of how a meal was shared by the two armies, Zürich's providing the bread and Zug's the milk. That became a lasting symbol of reconciliation and compromise between confederates.

## Aftermath

The peace agreement (Erster Landfriede) was not favourable for the Catholics, who had to dissolve their alliance with the Austrian Habsburgs. Tensions remained essentially unresolved and would flare up again during the Second War of Kappel, two years later.
# St Mary the Virgin, Hayes, Bromley

St Mary the Virgin is a Gothic church in South London, built in the 12th century but with notable Gothic Revival modifications and additions in the mid-Victorian period to the designs of Sir George Gilbert Scott and his son John Oldrid Scott. It is dedicated to St Mary the Virgin. In its present form, this church is a hall church with an aisled nave of three vessels of similar heights under three parallel roofs

## Location

The Church is located in what is known as ‘Old Hayes’, a suburb of Bromley. The arrival of the railway from Charing Cross in the 1860s divided the village in two, the church being where historically the Village was first founded.

## History

The church was established more than eight hundred years ago and underwent considerable alterations in the Victorian era. The north aisle was added in 1856 and the tower modified in 1861, with the south aisle and Organ transept following in 1879. The expansions were overseen and carried out by George Gilbert Scott and his son John Oldrid Scott and remained faithful to the barn-style architecture of the medieval period. Arches from the 13th century are still found along the north and south walls. It was during this time much of the medieval furnishings were removed, however the 15th century timber roof beams and a small lancet window in the west end of the nave survived. In 2005 a meeting room was erected to the rear of the Church and is used by many clubs and societies in the locality.
St Mary's was the local Parish church for two British Prime Ministers, William Pitt the Elder and William Pitt the Younger, the latter of whom was christened here and are remembered by a wall memorial funded by Parliament. They lived opposite the church in a country house called Hayes Place, which was also the home of Everard Hambro. Sir Vicary Gibbs was also a Parishioner and is buried in the Churchyard: within the church is a monument detailing his life. The churchyard is also the final resting place of John Panis (where panis was the general term for an enslaved Native American), being brought over here as a slave, he died in 1763.
# YSU

YSU may refer to:
* Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
* Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
* Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
* Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
* Youngsan University, Busan, South Korea
* Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio, United States
* IATA code for Summerside Airport, Prince Edward Island, Canada
# Arif (surname)
## Aref

* Hassan Aref, Egyptian physicist
* Mohammad Reza Aref, Iranian politician, former vice-president of Iran
* Yassin M. Aref, American terror suspect

## Arif

* Mahmud Arif, (1909 – 2001) Saudi Arabian poet
* Abdul Salam Arif and Abdul Rahman Arif, brothers presidents of Iraq
* Adil Arif (born 1994), Emirati cricketer
* Ahmed Arif (1927–1991), Turkish poet
* Celalettin Arif (1875–1928), Turkish politician
* Kader Arif (born 1953), French politician of Algiers origin
* Muhammad Arif (disambiguation), several people
* Naved Arif, Professional cricketer
* Tevfik Arif, real estate developer and financier for Donald Trump
# Eddie Crossan

Edward Crossan (17 November 1925 – 13 June 2006) was a Northern Irish footballer who played at both professional and international levels, as an inside forward.

## Career

Born in Derry, Crossan spent his early career in his native Northern Ireland with Glentoran and Derry City, before signing with English club Blackburn Rovers in November 1947. Crossan spent eleven seasons in the Football League with both Blackburn and Tranmere Rovers, scoring 79 goals in 326 games. He later played for Cork Hibernians.
Crossan also earned three caps for Northern Ireland between 1949 and 1955, scoring one goal, including appearing in one FIFA World Cup qualifying match.

## Personal life

Crossan retired to Derry, where he raised nine children.
His younger brother Johnny was also a footballer.
# Milpoš

Milpoš is a village and municipality in Sabinov District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1950.
Milpoš coat of arms is seen at the right.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 510 metres and covers an area of 11.081 km². It has a population of about 663 people.
# Pycnarmon macrotis

Pycnarmon macrotis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1897. It is found in the Talaut Islands of Indonesia.
The wingspan is about 26 mm. The forewings are white, but ochreous tinged towards the base and on the costal streak. There are small black basal and subbasal dots on the costa, as well as a small black discal dot, a small transverse oval black discal spot in the middle and a small black costal dot. The second line is fuscous, indistinct and blackish on the costa. It is broken and interrupted in the disc and followed by a pale yellowish shade. There is a large black dot towards the termen below the middle and a small blackish apical dot. The hindwings are white with a dark fuscous discal dot. The second line is as in the forewings, but marked with a dark fuscous dot on the dorsum. There is also a subterminal dot.
# The Irishman (1978 film)

The Irishman is an Australian 1978 romantic drama film directed and written by Donald Crombie.

## Cast

* Michael Craig as Paddy Doolan
* Simon Burke as Michael Doolan
* Robyn Nevin as Jenny Doolan
* John Clayton as Sam Brookes
* Roger Ward as Kevin Quilty

## Production

The film is based on the 1960 book by Elizabeth O'Conner, and was written and directed by Donald Crombie for whom it was "a labour of love".
The movie was budgeted at $767,000 but went $800,000 over. It was filmed in May through to July in 1977.

## Release

The film was a disappointment at the box office. Crombie later said he thought it was five to ten minutes too long, and suffered from being released soon after The Mango Tree, another coming of age period movie set in Queensland, when there was a backlash against period films.
# Teodor Račanin

Teodor Račanin (Serbian Cyrillic: Теодор Рачанин; 1500 – 1560) was a writer and Serbian Orthodox monk of the Račan Scriptorium School mentioned in Ottoman sources of 16th century literature.

## Biography

Monk-scribe Teodor Račanin was given a mention in 1516 in Rača monastery and references to the place can be found in Turkish sources from 1528 to 1530. Before 1516 he was tonsured and began to study seriously his craft at the Rača monastery in Bajina Bašta where a renowned library and Scriptorium dating from the Middle Ages was still active. In the year 1560, seven monks lived in the monastery. Written records kept testifying to the existence of the holy place near Bajina Bašta throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, all until 1688 when the monastic church was "burnt in flames" by the invading Turks.
The Museum of the Serbian Orthodox Church is in possession of a small number of ornately decorated manuscripts by unknown scribes, though a few have been identified, namely Teodor Račanin (c. 1500-past 1560), Kiprijan Račanin, Grigorije Račanin, Maksim Račanin, Jerotej Račanin, Simeon Račanin, Hristifor Račanin, Ćirjak Račanin, Gavril Stefanović Venclović and others.
# Fred Elder

Frederick "Fred" Elder is a former NASCAR Winston Cup Series race car owner whose primary manufacturer was Dodge.

## Career

His career spanned from 1968 to 1976; employing legendary NASCAR driver Ray Elder through 26 races of his career.
Fred has guided his son Ray to two Cup Series wins, nine finishes in the "top five," 15 finishes in the "top ten," and 121 laps led out of 3247 laps competed. Elder has earned a grand total of $96,425 during his career as a NASCAR Cup Series vehicle owner and seen his vehicle drive for exactly 8,228.0 miles or 13,241.7 kilometres. While starting an average of 12th place, Fred's vehicles have finished an average of 14th place.
# Sigrid Eskilsdotter (Banér)

Sigrid Eskilsdotter (Banér) (died 1527) was a Swedish noble, the mother of the Swedish regent Christina Gyllenstierna and the maternal grandmother of King Gustav Vasa of Sweden.

## Biography

Sigrid Eskilsdotter was the daughter of Eskil Isaksson (Banér) and Cecilia Haraldsdotter (Gren). She was married twice and was by 1495 twice widowed and very wealthy. Her daughter Christina was the consort of the Swedish regent from 1512 to 1520 and the leader of the Stockholm resistance against Denmark in 1520. Sigrid was present at the coronation of King Christian II in Stockholm on 4 November 1520. She was captured and imprisoned during the Stockholm Bloodbath. Sigrid and her daughter Christina were the only two women sentenced to death during the Bloodbath, but in neither case was the sentence carried out. Sigrid was sentenced to be sewn into a sack and drowned at sea, but the execution was interrupted when she agreed to bequeath all her assets to the monarch. Together with her daughters Christina and Cecilia, and her granddaughters as well as a large group of Swedish noblewomen, Sigrid was taken to Blåtårn in Denmark in 1521. Her daughter Cecilia and two of her granddaughters died in prison, but Sigrid was allowed to return to Sweden in 1523, where her grandson was now king.

## Family

Married, firstly, to noble councillor Magnus Karlsson (Eka) (d. between 1484 and 1487);
Issue:
* Cecilia Månsdotter (1476–1523), mother of king Gustav Vasa
Married, secondly, to noble knight and councillor Nils Eriksson (Gyllenstierna) (d. 1495).
Issue:
* Christina Gyllenstierna (1494–1559), regent of Sweden
# St Mary the Virgin, Great Brickhill

St Mary the Virgin's Church, Great Brickhill is a Grade II* listed parish church in the Church of England in Great Brickhill, Buckinghamshire.

## History

The church was built sometime in the thirteenth century, with various additions throughout the years. During 1865–67, the church underwent restoration in which a porch was added.

### Modern Restoration

In 1997, a project began to "enable the church to fulfil its purposes in the 21st century." Phases I and II, the former to refurbish the church's towers and bells. Phase II was to expand the church's size by adding a meeting room, kitchen, toilets, etc. As of April 2024, all of Phase I and most of Phase II have been implemented into the church.
In 2014–2016, the church's lead roof was stolen. Due to inadequate funding, parts of the missing roof were covered in felt. In October of 2023, it was reported the church faced closure if the roof was not repaired due to leakage. The National Churches Trust pledged £473,750 to the church, along 33 other churches, to repair the roof.

## Exterior

The church's bell tower was constructed in the mid-13th century. However, the first documentation of any actual bells was in 1637. In 1789, six bells were cast by Thomas and William Mears in the now-defunct Whitechapel Bell Foundry. In 1840, one of the bells was recast for an unknown reason.
Funding by the parish council and other local parties let the bells be taken to the Whites of Appleton in October 2009, located in Oxfordshire be repaired. Two new bells were cast, and in April of 2010, the bells were returned and rehung.
The churchyard was closed on an unknown date, but a church-run cemetery was built nearby.

## Interior

The church contains a pipe organ, dating back to 1875 and was built by William Hill and Son. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.

## Parish Status

The church is in a joint parish with:
* All Saints Church, Bow Brickhill
* St Mary Magdalene's Church, Little Brickhill
* St Luke's Church, Stoke Hammond
# Manuel Antonio Rueda González

Manuel Antonio Rueda González (27 August 1921 in Monte Cristi Province – 20 December 1999 in Santo Domingo ) was a Dominican writer and pianist.
Rueda studied at the Liceo Musical at María Luisa Nanita and Oliva Pichardo De Marchena and was later a student of Manuela Jiménez. He continued his education at Rosita Renard's Conservatory in Santiago de Chile and, together with Armando Palacios Bate, undertook a concert tour through South America, after which he finished with the Premio Orrego Carvallo excellent.
When he returned to the Dominican Republic after fourteen years, he became director of the Liceo Musical Pablo Claudio in San Cristóbal and later became a piano professor at the Conservatorio de Santo Domingo. At the Interamericano de Música Festival in 1972, he played with the Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional de la República Dominicana George Gershwin Piano Concerto in F .
In addition, Rueda was a member of the Instituto de Investigaciones folklóricas of the Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña. In 1974, he founded the avant-garde literary movement of Pluralism (philosophy) alongside Miguel Vila Luna, who expanded it in architectonics. He was a member of the Academia Dominicana de la Lengua, a member of the Facultad de Ciencias y Artes Musicales of the Universidad de Chile, and was a recipient of the Order of Merit of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella. Rueda won the Premio Annual de Literatura ("Annual Literature Award") six times, and in 1995 he won the Premio Teatral Tirso de Molina.
Rueda's pupils included Margarita Luna de Espaillat.

## Works

* Las noches , poems, 1949, 1953
* Tríptico , poems, 1949
* La trinitaria blanca, Drama, 1957
* La criatura terrestre, poems, 1963
* Teatro , Drama, 1968
* Adivinanzas dominicanas , eds, 1968
* Conocimiento y poesía en el folklore, Essays, 1971
* Antología panorámica de la poesía dominicana 1912-1962, edited by Lupo Hernández Rueda, 1972
* Por los mares de la dama, poems, 1976
* Las edades del viento, poems, 1979
* El Rey Clinejas, Drama, 1979
* Papeles de Sara y otros relatos, narrations, 1985
* De Tierra morena vengo (with Ramón Francisco, the photographer Wilfredo García and the painter Ramón Oviedo)
* Congregación del cuerpo único , poems, 1989
* Retablo de la pasión y muerte de Juana la Loca, Drama, 1996
* Bienvenida y la noche , novel, 1995
* Dos siglos de literatura dominicana (see XIX y XX). Poesía y prosa ', edited by José Alcántara Almánzar, 1996
* Las metamorfosis de Makandal , 1998

## Sources

* ↑ Miguel Ficher; Martha Furman Schleifer; John M. Furman (16 October 2002). Latin American Classical Composers: A Biographical Dictionary. Scarecrow Press. pp. 17–. ISBN 978-1-4616-6911-1.
* El Tren de Yaguaramas - Manuel Rueda
* Isla Ternura - Manuel Rueda
* Literatura.us: ¿Quién es Manuel Rueda?
* Poetas Dominicanos: Manuel Rueda (1921-1999)
* Escritores Dominicanos: Manuel Rueda
# Writers Union of Armenia

The Writers' Union of Armenia was founded in August 1934, simultaneously with the USSR Union of Writers and as a component part of the USSR Union.

## 1930s

The Constituent Assembly was held during 1 August - 5 August, after which the Armenian delegation of writers took part in USSR Writers' Union Constituent Assembly.

## World War II

In Armenia in September 1939 the millennial anniversary of Sasuntsi Davit epos was celebrated. On this occasion the USSR Writers' Union directorate's plenary session was held in Armenia. In 1941, from 10 May until 20 May the Armenian Literature Decade was organized in Moscow.
More than fifty Armenian writers fought in the Great Patriotic War.

## 1940s

In 1946 the Second Assembly was held. It resolved that Avetik Isahakyan be the president of the Writers' Union of Armenia.

## 1950s, 60 & 70s

The Third Assembly was held in July 1954 and Avetik Isahakya was re-elected. As a result of the fourth (January 1959), the fifth (November 1966) and the sixth (January 1971) Assemblies Edward Topchyan was elected as the Secretary-in-Charge of the Union.
The Seventh Assembly (April 1976 of the Writers' Union elected Vardges Petrosyan as the Secretary-in-Charge.

## 1980s

As a result of the eighth (May 1981) and the ninth (May 1986) Assemblies he became the president of the Union. In 1988 a special session was held after which Hrachya Hovhannisyan was elected as the president.

## 1990s

On 15 June 1990, the directorate of Writers' Union self-published the organization's project. In the September of the same year the Writers' Union building was transferred to a special army detachment as a general headquarters.
Armenian writers took active part in the reconstruction of the Armenian National State system and in the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. Several writers fought in different battles. One of them, Samvel Shahmuradyan, fell in the battle of Gandzasar.
Vazgen Sargsyan became the defence minister and then the prime minister of Armenia. In September 1990 and February 1991 the Tenth Assembly was held in two phases. Vahagn Davtyan was elected president.
In January 1994 the special session elected Razmik Davoyan as the president. Another special session in 1996 elected Hrant Matevosyan to lead the Union.

## 2000s

In 2001 the thirteenth Assembly was held and Levon Ananyan was elected WUA president. In June 2002 the Writers' Union of Armenia organized the first Pan-Armenian Congress and in June 2004 a second was held.
The WUA's publishing house was established in 2002. A young writers' book series called Mutk was published. Alongside existing literary magazines and newspapers (Grakan Tert, Nork, Nor dar, Literaturnaya Armenia) 'Artasahmanyan Grakanutyun magazine, Satirikon (a humorous newspaper), Tsolker and Lusapsak young people's magazines are being published.
In June 2004 the seventy-year Anniversary of Writers' Union of Armenia was celebrated.
# Arissana Pataxó

Arissana Pataxó is the pen name used by Arissana Braz (born 1983), a Brazilian visual artist and educator.
She was born in Porto Seguro and taught school for three years at a school for the Pataxó people at Coroa Vermelha. She went on to earn a degree in fine arts from the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) in 2009. Pataxó later pursued post-graduate studies in Ethnic and African Studies at UFBA. She provided art instruction to her own Pataxó people and other indigenous peoples in the Bahia region. She now lives and works in Santa Cruz Cabrália.
She had her first solo exhibition at the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at UFBA in 2007. Her work has been included in exhibitions at the Regional Visual Arts Salon of Porto Seguro and the Artistic Museum of Montenegro. Her work also appeared in the travelling exhibition "Mira! Artes Visuais Contemporâneas dos Povos Indígenas" which was presented in Belo Horizonte and Brasília. She placed second in the PIPA Online competition in 2016.
# Luzifer

Luzifer may refer to:
* the German noun for Lucifer
* Luzifer (restaurant chain), a German restaurant chain
* Luzifer (film), a 2021 Austrian horror film
* a pseudonym for Lu Märten (1879-1970), German writer and activist
# Frederick Thomas Elworthy

Frederick Thomas Elworthy (1830–1907) was an English philologist and antiquary.

## Life

He was the eldest son of Thomas Elworthy, woollen manufacturer, of Wellington, Somerset, and his wife Jane, daughter of William Chorley of Quarm, near Dunster. He was born at Wellington on 10 January 1830, and was educated at a private school at Denmark Hill. Though studious from boyhood, he did not enter on authorship until middle life.
He became eminent first as a philologist and later as a writer on folk-lore. His two books on the evil eye and kindred superstitions contain much curious information gathered during travels in Spain, Italy, and other countries, in the course of which he made perhaps the finest collection of charms, amulets, and such-like trinkets in existence; this collection was in the possession of his widow until her death, and was then bequeathed to the Somersetshire Archæological Society's museum at Taunton. He contributed to Archæologia, was the council of the Philological Society, and in 1891-6 was editorial secretary of the Somersetshire Archæological Society, for whose Proceedings, as well as for those of the Devonshire Association, he wrote some valuable papers.
He was elected F.S.A. on 14 June 1900. He was a good linguist and possessed considerable skill as a draughtsman and as an artist in water-colours. He was a prominent churchman, and the erection of All Saints' Church, Wellington, was largely due to his liberality and exertions. He was a magistrate, a churchwarden, an active member of the Wellington school board, and a prominent freemason.
After an illness which began in the summer of 1906 he died at his residence, Foxdown, Wellington, on 13 December 1907, and was buried in the churchyard of the parish church there.

## Works

* 1875: The Dialect of West Somerset (The dialect of West Somerset. - An outline of the grammar of the dialect of West Somerset. - West Somerset word-book.) 2 vols. London: Trübner for the English Dialect Society, 1875-1886
* 1895: The Evil Eye : an account of this ancient and widespread superstition. London: John Murray
* 1900: Horns of Honour: and other studies in the by-ways of archeology. London: John Murray