OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aquaspirillum serpens

Aquaspirillum serpens is a species of gram-negative bacteria in the family Neisseriaceae.

## Description

The surface of the cell of Aquaspirillum serpens has clear structures which take the form of linear bands at intervals of 17-18.5 nanometers (nm). There is also a variety of different patterns of ridges which surround protein subunits at the cell margin. Most of these consist of thin lines towards the edge of the cell wall, but they can be a hexagonal shape. The ridges are usually around 16 nm apart.

### Flagella

Aquaspirillum serpens is propelled by fewer than fifteen flagella at each of its poles, or ends.
The basal body, or protein structure at the base of the flagellum, consists of two pairs of disk-like structures. All of these disks are within the outer membrane of the bacterium. The outer pair of disks are very close to each other; the outermost is 18 nm in diameter and the more inner is 21 nm in diameter. The inner pair of disks have some form of membrane, making them appear larger. The more outer of the pair is 28 nm in diameter and the more inner is 18 nm in diameter. All of the disks are connected by a 10 nm wide rod which runs through their center. At the base of the innermost disk, there are numerous fibrillar structures, which could be vestigial or simply poorly preserved. The cell wall layers where the basal body attaches had numerous perforations when the basal body was removed.
The outer membrane of the flagellum has a set of what appear to be holes which are roughly 12 nm in diameter. Concentric membrane rings (CMRs) are attached to the inside of this membrane and surround the area where the basal body is embedded. There were up to seven of these rings which were up to 90 nm in diameter and were made of many protein subunits arranged in a plate-shaped structure. These subunits are regularly spaced out from one another. The innermost rings are the clearest and most well defined, and they form a collar around the perforation formed when the flagellum is removed. The outer membrane is slightly folded in on itself over the location of the CMRs, which may be because of a higher degree of rigidity afforded by the CMRs.
The murein sacculus, a bag-shaped structure made of peptidoglycan, is also perforated on its poles when the flagellum is removed. These perforations are larger than those of the outer membrane, but are smaller than the diameters of the disks on the basal body. They are of variable size, which indicates that the sacculus could be somewhat elastic.
# Aquastar (ship)

Aquastar is a Great Lakes cruise boat, operated by Aquastar Cruises. She gives public and private charter cruises on Muskegon Lake and Lake Michigan.

## History

The former Mackinac Island ferry boat was purchased by Sylvia Precious and her husband Ralph and brought to Muskegon, Michigan in the spring of 1987. She was rechristened, Port City Princess.
For about 30 years under the Precious family’s operation the Port City Princess hosted not only dinner and sunset cruises, she has also hosted weddings and corporate outings.

## Current service with Aquastar Cruises

In 2008, when the Precious family matriarch Silvia Precious retired, the boat was being optioned by an out of town buyer to move to a Northern Michigan port. To keep the boat in Muskegon, the Sand Products Corporation purchased the Port City Princess and extensively upgraded her, this included a number of aesthetic and structural renovations which featured a modern deco theme. This also included the boat being painted aqua, gray, red and white with its name on the back and the owners obtaining a liquor license.
The cruise boat was rechristened, Aquastar on August 3, 2018 by Miss Michigan and Miss Shoreline. The name and color scheme pays homage to the SS Aquarama, the largest passenger ferry ever on the Great Lakes.
She continues to offer both private charters and public cruises along with a wide variety of specialty cruises throughout the sailing season.
# Arbeiterverband für Südwestafrika

Arbeiterverband für Südwestafrika ('Workers League for South West Africa') was a trade union centre in South West Africa. It was an affiliate of the International Federation of Trade Unions 1929–1939.$^{:296}$ The affiliation to IFTU had been approved in principle, on the condition that Arbeiterverband remove its policy of blocking Africans from becoming members. The Arbeiterverband did however retain its policy of not allowing Africans to become members, arguing that the native workforce was not unionized at all. The IFTU then ignored its conditions of Arbeiterverband and the organization was recognized as an IFTU affiliate.$^{:43}$
# Maintain (disambiguation)

Maintain involves functional checks and servicing.
Maintain may also refer to:
* Maintainability, the ease in engineering
* Olu Maintain, a Nigerian artist
* "Maintain" (song), a 2018 single by Belly featuring Nav
# Mainstreeter

The Mainstreeter was a passenger train on the Northern Pacific Railway between Chicago, Illinois, and the Pacific Northwest from 1952 to 1971. When the North Coast Limited got a faster schedule in November 1952 the Mainstreeter was introduced, running roughly on the North Coast's old schedule but via Helena. Unlike the North Coast the Mainstreeter was not a true streamliner as it carried both new lightweight and traditional heavyweight coaches. It replaced another train, the Alaskan. The name referred to the Northern Pacific's slogan, "Main Street of the Northwest." While Amtrak did not retain the train as part of its initial route structure, it created a new train named the North Coast Hiawatha several months afterwards. That train ran until 1979.

## Equipment

Unlike many other trains the Mainstreeter did not have specific sets of equipment built for it. Cars that were specific to included the so-called "Holiday Lounges," a set of five parlor-buffet lounges built by Pullman-Standard and delivered in July 1956. The Northern Pacific numbered these cars 487–491.$^{:237}$ The June 1960 Official Guide of the Railways listed the following for westbound #1:$^{:940}$
* Holiday Lounge (St. Paul–Seattle)
* Sleeping car (Chicago–Seattle)
* Sleeping car (Chicago–Seattle)
* Sleeper-buffet-lounge (Spokane–Portland)
* Dining car (St. Paul–Pasco)
* Various coaches
The two sleeping cars had 8 duplex roomettes, 6 roomettes, 3 double bedrooms and a compartment. These were built by Pullman-Standard in 1948 for the North Coast Limited.$^{:235}$
# Mahlon Williamson (barque)

Mahlon Williamson was an 1854 bark (or "barque") that sailed out of Wilmington, Delaware and New York. The ship was active in the cargo and guano trades. The ship is remembered today as the subject of a painting by maritime artist Joseph B. Smith, in which it is being towed on the Delaware River by tugboat William Cramp.

## Voyages

The Mahlon Williamson arrived in New York with a cargo of guano from Scharffenerk, St. Carle de Ancud, Chile, for G. Barrell, in December 1861. The ship returned to New York from New Orleans in November, 1865, with a cargo of cotton and flour for McLean & Lintz.
# Eagle-i

The eagle-i network (or just eagle-i) was a tool developed by a set of institutions from the United States that enables users to locate scientific resources around their country. It was retired November 4, 2021 after more than a decade in service. It used an ontology to map the resources (such as scientific equipment) to their location, facilitating reuse and collaboration. The eagle-i team has produced ontologies that take care of different kinds of resources, such as the Reagent Application Ontology.
# Arbeideren (Brumunddal)

Arbeideren was a Norwegian newspaper, published in Brumunddal in Hedmark county. Arbeideren was started on 16 March 1951 as the Communist Party organ in Hedmark county. It lent its name from two former newspapers called Arbeideren, one in neighboring Hamar and one in Oslo. The party was reasonably strong in the county, with the last MP elected on the Communist Party ticket, Emil Løvlien, hailing from Hedmark. However, it was not strong enough and the newspaper went defunct after its last issue on 22 October 1953.
# Earl Morris

Earl or Earle Morris may refer to:
* Earl Morris (basketball coach) (born 1933), American high-school basketball coach
* Earl Morris (convicted murderer), Gaylynn Earl Morris, convicted in 1992 of the 1989 murder of his wife, Ruby Morris
* Earl H. Morris, American archeologist
* Earle Morris (curler) (born 1945), Canadian curler and coach
* Earle Morris Jr. (1928–2011), American politician
# Wolseley Hornet

Wolseley Hornet was the name of two different British vehicles produced under the Wolseley Motors Limited nameplate.
* Wolseley Hornet six, six-cylinder lightweight saloon, coupé, sports and racing cars produced in the 1930s.
* Wolseley Hornet (Mini), a variant of the Mini produced by the British Motor Corporation.
# Wolseley Racing

Wolseley Racing consisted of a number of motor car racing efforts between 1903 and 1969 supported by Wolseley Motor Company which resulted in many victories and helped promote the brand and prowess of the company. In addition to the company-sponsored racing there were individuals who entered Wolseley cars or cars with Wolseley motors into races. The history of Wolseley Racing can be split into three periods matching the history of the automobile:
* The early days before World War I when the automotive industry and racing was in its infancy
* between the wars after production was switched from a war effort back to domestic products and the innovations of WW1 had been applied to engine technology and
* from after World War II to the present day.

## Before World War I

With Napier & Son, the Wolseley cars were Britain's only entries in early races such as the 1902 Gordon Bennett Cup and Paris-Vienna Trial, 1903 Paris–Madrid race, the 1904 Circuit des Ardennes and 1905 Gordon Bennett Cup where Charles Rolls was a driver. The 1903 race saw not only a Wolseley car driven by Herbert Austin himself (later to own the company) but another of the Wolseleys was involved in a high-speed accident (one of a number during the race) that ultimately caused this form of city to city road-racing to be banned. In 1907 Wolseley Italiana entered three x cars under the Wolsit name in the Coppa Florio with just one of them finishing.

## Between the wars

A specific racing department was created in 1920 by Wolseley Managing Director Arthur John McCormack (who had competed in the 1902 Circuit des Ardennes race as a riding mechanic for the winner Charles Jarrott) which resulted in the Wolseley Viper 1 (using a Wolseley Viper engine from an aircraft), Wolseley Moth and Wolseley Hornet six all gaining success in races at Brooklands. The Moth and Hornet were based on commercially available Wolseley cars of the time. The Moth cars were based on the Wolseley 10 or 15 and the Hornet Racer built with a "Special Speed Chassis". Notable drivers of these cars include Woolf Barnato, Kaye Don, Kay Petre, James Robertson Justice and Alastair Miller. It was Miller who set the 1922 British Double-Twelve Record in a Wolseley Moth.

## After World War II

The Wolseley Hornet (Mini) achieved results during the 1960s such as the 1966 and 1967 Leinster Trophy driven by Alec Poole and others until the Wolseley brand was retired in 1969.
# Wolseley Road

Wolseley Road is a road in the Sydney suburb of Point Piper. It is one kilometre long. It starts at New South Head Road and curves around the west side of Point Piper, terminating in a dead end above Lady Martins Beach.

## Description

As at 2002, Wolseley Road was the most expensive residential road/street in Australia with 16 of the top 100 most expensive houses in Sydney being located on it. Property writer Cindy Martin calculated in 2002 that the total value of the properties on the one-kilometre waterfront section of Wolseley Road was worth, in total, $720 million.
In 2007, the Andrew Banks property on Wolseley Road was made an offer of $50 million, which was declined. In 2022, 20 Wolseley Road sold for $45 million.
In 2015, it was named the sixth most expensive street in the world. Notable residents included Frank Lowy and Malcolm Turnbull.

## Housing styles

Houses in the area are designed according to the limited availability and price of land, as well as the physical nature of the location. There is considerable variety because every house is unique; in contrast to many Sydney suburbs, there has been no mass development with identical houses. The range of styles goes from Federation Arts and Crafts cottages to multi-storey mansions and some towers of home units.

## Heritage Listed

The following items are Heritage Listed by Woollahra Council:
* 16–18 Wolseley Road
* 20 Wolseley Road
* 28 Wolseley Road
* 63–67 Wolseley Road
* 66 Wolseley Road
* 69 Wolseley Road
* 134–136 Wolseley Road
* 138–140 Wolseley Road
* 142 Wolseley Road
* Lady Martins Beach
* Norfolk Island Pine
* Seven Shillings Beach
# Maifeld

The Maifeld is a landscape (a natural region sub-unit) of the Middle Rhine Basin on its western perimeter with the Eifel mountains, southwest of the city of Koblenz. It is known for its gently rolling hills.

## Location

The plain, which lies at about 400 metres above sea level, is divided into the Upper Maifeld (Obermaifeld) south of Mayen in the west, and the rather larger Lower Maifeld (Niedermaifeld) area which adjoins it to the east, southwest of Koblenz. It is comparatively sharply bounded by the rivers Moselle (southeast) and Elz (southwest), while the River Nette in the northwest only forms an approximate boundary.
Its name is probably derived from the Franks, who held assemblies here.

## Use

The Maifeld is almost exclusively used for large-scale grain production. Only a few large farms, which are often hidden between the undulating fields, manage this region. The soils are especially fertile. Towns in the Maifeld are Polch (seat of the Verbandsgemeinde of Maifeld in the county of Mayen-Koblenz, but strictly in the Pellenz (Pellenzhöhe) from a natural regional perspective) and Münstermaifeld.

## Natural regions

The Maifeld is divided as follows:
* (to 291 – Middle Rhine Basin)
** (to 291.2 – Maifeld-Pellenz Hills)
*** 291.23 Lower Maifeld (east)
**** 291.230 Lower Maifeld Basin
**** 291.231 Lower Maifeld Terrace
**** 291.232 Lower Maifeld Heights
*** 291.24 Upper Maifeld (west)

## Sights

* Eltz Castle in the Elz valley
* Karmelenberg
* Church of St. Martin and St. Severus
* Maifeld Cycleway (former Mayen–Polch–Ochtendung / Polch–Münstermaifeld railway line)
# Earth-grazing fireball

An Earth-grazing fireball (or Earth grazer) is a fireball, a very bright meteor that enters Earth’s atmosphere and leaves again. Some fragments may impact Earth as meteorites, if the meteor starts to break up or explodes in mid-air. These phenomena are then called Earth-grazing meteor processions and bolides. Famous examples of Earth-grazers are the 1972 Great Daylight Fireball and the Meteor Procession of July 20, 1860.

## Overview

As an Earth-grazer passes through the atmosphere its mass and velocity are changed, so that its orbit, after it re-enters space, will be different from its orbit before it encountered Earth's atmosphere.
There is no agreed-upon end to the upper atmosphere, but rather incrementally thinner air from the stratosphere (11~50 km (7~31 mi)), mesosphere (~85 km or 53 mi), and thermosphere (~690 km or 430 mi) up to the exosphere (~10,000 km or 6,200 mi) (see also thermopause). For example, a meteoroid can become a meteor at an altitude of 85–120 km (53–75 mi) above the Earth.

## Known Earth-grazing fireballs

An Earth-grazing fireball is a rarely measured kind of fireball caused by a meteoroid that collides with the Earth but survives the collision by passing through, and exiting, the atmosphere. As of 2008 four grazers have been scientifically observed.
* Meteor procession of July 20, 1860
* Meteor procession of February 9, 1913 led to conclusions a temporary satellite capture of Earth had broken up
* 1972 Great Daylight Fireball, August 10, 1972, US19720810 at 15 km/s above United States and Canada (first scientific observation). It was estimated to have lost about half its mass, and 800 m/s of velocity during the encounter.
* October 13, 1990, a 40 kilogram, 41.5 km/s meteoroid passed at 97.9 km above Czechoslovakia (first orbit calculation based on photographic records from two distant places).
* March 29, 2006, fireball passed 18.8 km/s through the atmosphere 71.4 km above Japan
* August 7, 2007, EN070807 passed through the atmosphere over Europe with an orbit belonging to the rare Aten asteroid type
* June 10, 2012, an Earth-grazing fireball from the Daytime ζ-Perseid shower passed over Spain, travelling 510 km in the atmosphere. It was the faintest Earth-grazing meteor reported in the scientific literature and the first one belonging to a meteor shower.
* December 24, 2014, a slow moving Christmas Eve fireball SPMN241214 passed over north Africa, Spain, and Portugal, travelling about 1,200 km in the atmosphere.
* July 7, 2017, the Desert Fireball Network observed a grazing fireball that traveled over 1300 km through the atmosphere above Western Australia and South Australia. The closest approach was about 58.5 km, and the initial mass is estimated to be a minimum of ~60 kg. The meteoroid came from an Apollo-type orbit, and due to the close encounter with the Earth, it was sent onto a Jupiter-family comet-like orbit.
# Arboreto Pascul

The Arboreto Pascul is an arboretum located near Pradandons, Tarcento, Province of Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. It is open weekdays; admission is free.
The arboretum was established in 1953 by the Friuli-Venezia Giulia regional government, primarily to cultivate exotic conifers. In 1974 its mission expanded to encompass botanical education, and to this end its collections now include as many species as possible of both conifer and hardwood, exotic and indigenous. It currently contains about 2,000 plants representing 72 species from 40 genera (14 gymnosperm and 26 angiosperm).
# Woman in Distress

Woman in Distress is a 1937 American crime film directed by Lynn Shores and written by Albert DeMond. The film stars May Robson, Irene Hervey, Dean Jagger, Douglass Dumbrille, George McKay and Gene Morgan. The film was released on January 17, 1937, by Columbia Pictures.

## Cast

* May Robson as Phoebe Tuttle
* Irene Hervey as Irene Donovan
* Dean Jagger as Fred Stevens
* Douglass Dumbrille as Jerome Culver
* George McKay as Sergeant Casey
* Gene Morgan as 'Slug' Bemis
* Paul Fix as Joe Emory
* Frank Sheridan as Inspector Roderick
* Charles C. Wilson as Herbert Glaxton
* Arthur Loft as Stewart Sadler
* Wallis Clark as Mervyn Seymour
# Archbishop of Sydney

Archbishop of Sydney may refer to:
* Anglican Archbishop of Sydney
* Catholic Bishops and Archbishops of Sydney, since 1842
* Archdiocese of Sydney
# Ardchyle

Ardchyle is a small hamlet in Stirling, Scotland. The Glendhu viaduct, just south of Ardchyle, was built for the now disused section of the Callander and Oban Railway which closed in 1965 after a landslide.
# Maison Marou

Maison Marou is a gourmet Vietnamese chocolate company based in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Founded in 2011 by Samuel Maruta and Vincent Mourou, Maison Marou sources cacao from 6 provinces in southern Vietnam. The company operates 7 shops in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi. Maison Marou chocolate has received acclaim from the International Chocolate Awards and Salon du Chocolat.
In 2021, Mekong Capital announced an investment in Maison Marou as part of the company's Mekong Enterprise Fund IV.
# Woof (song)

"Woof" is a song by American rapper Snoop Dogg featuring Fiend and Mystikal. was released on October 26, 1998, as the second and final single of his third studio album Da Game Is to Be Sold, Not to Be Told, with the record labels No Limit Records and Priority Records.

## Track listing

* CD single
* "Woof" (Album Version) (featuring Fiend and Mystikal) — 4:24
* "Woof" (Instrumental) — 4:31
* "It's All on a Hoe" (Bonus Track) — 5:44

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 62 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 31 |
| US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard) | 3 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1999) | Position |
| Billboard Hot Rap Singles | 15 |
# Archdeacon of St Asaph

This is a list of the archdeacons of St Asaph. The Archdeacon of St Asaph is the priest in charge of the archdeaconry of St Asaph, an administrative division of the Church in Wales Diocese of St Asaph. The archdeaconry comprises the five rural deaneries of Denbigh, Dyffryn Clwyd, Holywell, Llanrwst/Rhos and St Asaph.

## Archdeacons of St Asaph

* 1170: David
* 1205–1210: Adam
* 1231–1240: David
* 1250:Anian I
* 1266: David
* 1268-1293: Anian Schonaw (Anian II)
* 1277: Gruffudd ab Iorwerth
* 1293, 1306: Gruffudd
* ?–1330: Llywellyn ap Hwfa
* 1331: Llywellyn ap Madog ab Elis
* 1382–1383: Thomas Rushook (afterwards Bishop of Llandaff, 1383)
* 1390: Thomas Keler
* 1398: Griffith le Yonge
* ?–1402: Ithel ap Robert
* 1425: Edward Trefor
* 1442–?1457: John Tupney
* <1508–1532: Peter Conway
* 1535: Richard Shelton
* 1537: William ap Roberts
* 1539–1554: Richard Pollard
* 1539–1554: Thomas Davies (dismissed)
* 1554–1558: Humfrey Edwards
* 1558–1561: Thomas Davies (restored; afterwards Bishop of St Asaph, 1561)
* 1562–1566: Richard Rogers (later Bishop of Dover, 1569)
* 1566–1573: Thomas Powell
* 1573–1844: Post held in commendam by Bishops of St Asaph
* 1844–1854: Charles Butler Clough (afterwards Dean of St Asaph)
* 1854–1877: Robert Wickham
* 1877-1878: Hugh Morgan
* 1878-1889: Edward Smart
* 1889–1892: Watkin Williams (afterwards Dean of St Asaph, 1892)
* 1892–1897: Hugh Jones
* 1897–1910: David Evans
* 1910–1935: Thomas Lloyd (also Bishop of Maenan, 1928)
* 1935–1942: Charles Roberts
* 1942–1959: Richard Roberts
* 1959–1964: John Edwards
* 1964–1970: Richard Owen
* 1970–1974: William Rees
* 1974–1984: John Jones
* 1984–1990: Selwyn Closs-Parry
* 1991–1999: John Davies (afterwards Bishop of St Asaph, 1999)
* 2000–2011: Bernard Thomas
* 2011–2014 (ret.): Chris Potter
* 1 December 2014 – 2018 John Lomas
* 7 October 2018 – present Andy Grimwood
# Earl E. Thorpe

Earlie Endris Thorpe (November 9, 1924 – January 30, 1989) was a professor of history, an author, and clergyman in the United States. He lived in Durham, North Carolina and was a professor at North Carolina Central University for 27 years. Duke University has a collection of his papers and correspondence.
Thorpe served in Italy during World War II. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees in history from North Carolina College for Negroes. He earned a Ph.D. in History from Ohio State University in 1953.
He and his wife, Martha Vivian Branch, had two daughters: Rita Harrington and Gloria Earl.

## Legacy

Marcus P. Nevius delivered the 30th Annual Earlie E. Thorpe Memorial Lecture at North Carolina Central University in 2020.

## Writings

* "Negro Historiography in the United States", dissertation
* Negro Historians in the United States (1958)
* The Desertion of Man: A Critique of Philosophy of History (1958)
* The Mind of the Negro: An Intellectual History of Afro-Americans (1961)
* Eros and Freedom in Southern Life and Thought (1967)
* The Central Theme of Black History (1969)
* "The Black Experience in America" editor, ten-booklet series
* Struggle for a nation's conscience : the civil rights movement
* Pioneers and Planters; Black Beginnings in America with Joseph Penn, American Education Publications (1971)
* The Old South: A Psychohistory (1972)
* "Black history and the organic perspective : an essay to introduce the directory and bibliography no. 870-872" (1975)
* "The uses of Black history : a speech delivered during the observance of Black History Week", February 11, 1980
* African Americans and the Sacred: Spirituals, Slave Religion, and Symbolism (1982)
* Slave Religion, Spirituals, and C. J. Jung (1983)
* A Concise History of North Carolina Central University (1984)