OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stabilization while not underway

Stabilisation while not underway, stabilisation at rest, zero-speed stabilisation or on-anchor stabilisation is the process of augmenting roll reduction for a vessel that is not underway. This process may in some cases be implemented through the use of equipment systems that are also used for roll stabilisation while underway.
Vessels at anchor, at moorings, adrift, or keeping station are subjected to roll and pitch generating forces similar to those that affect vessels underway. Different strategies for mitigating the effects of these forces have been adopted.
A variable system that uses "active fins" designed specifically for roll attenuation of a vessel while underway achieves lifting force through the flow of water over the fin's surface. By increasing the angle of attack of the fin to the water flow to some maximum working angle, a maximum lift force can be achieved for stabilising the hull. When these same systems are used for roll stabilisation of stationary vessels, the lift force available from water flow over the fin while underway is not available. For a stationary vessel, the ability to generate a lifting force (i.e. roll-resisting force) is limited to that achieved by any powered fin movements, and by the water volume displaced while stroking the fins in one direction at a precise point in time. Active fin systems can provide incremental add-on stability for vessels at rest, but these systems will usually have larger actuators and fins, and will likely have special power source requirements in comparison to systems designed for stability underway.
Various commercial suppliers produce a range of stabilization systems that can be used at rest, on-anchor, or at zero-speed.
# St Francis Island

St Francis Island (originally in Dutch: Eyland St. François) is an island on the south coast of South Australia near Ceduna. It is part of the Nuyts Archipelago. It was one of the first parts of South Australia to be discovered and named by Europeans, along with St Peter Island, mapped by François Thijssen in 't Gulden Zeepaert in 1627.

## Flora & Fauna

The flora and fauna of St Francis Island in the 1900s included petrels, Australian sea lions and little penguins.

## Protected area status
### Statutory reserves

The island is part of the Nuyts Archipelago Wilderness Protection Area while the waters surrounding its shores are within the Nuyts Archipelago Marine Park.

### Non-statutory arrangements
#### Important Bird Area

The island is part of the Nuyts Archipelago Important Bird Area (IBA), so identified by BirdLife International because it supports over 1% of the world populations of short-tailed shearwaters, white-faced storm-petrels and pied oystercatchers.
# Prince Basundhara of Nepal

Prince Basundhara Bir Bikram Shah of Nepal, GCMG (25 November 1921 – 31 August 1977) was a son of King Tribhuvan of Nepal.

## Life

Prince Basundhara was a son of King Tribhuvan and his second wife Queen Ishwari. The prince was educated under private tutors.
Flamboyant and handsome, Prince Basundhara was, in his day, one of the most popular members of the Nepalese royal family. The prince was greatly interested in sports. From 1962 to 1975, he was the president of Nepal Olympic Committee; he also served as the president of Royal Nepal Golf Club, and, from 1961 to 1975, was the chairman of National Sports Council.
He married Princess Helen Shah on 17 June 1945 in Kathmandu, and they had three daughters:
* Princess Jayanti Shah (1946–2001), she was killed in the Nepalese royal massacre.
* Ketaki Chester (born on 14 January 1948 in Kathmandu), she renounced her titles of Princess of Nepal and Rajya Lakshmi Devi on her second marriage to a British airline pilot.
* Princess Jyotshanal.
He also married Ramola Devi (1923–2000), a writer [pen name Chhinnalata], in 1948 and they a daughter:
* Jyoti Rajya Lakshmi Devi Singha (born on 25 November 1954).
Prince Basundhara died on 31 August 1977, at the Bir Hospital, Kathmandu.

## Honours
### National honours

* Member of the Order of the Benevolent Ruler (1951).
* Tribhuvan Order of the Footprint of Democracy, 1st class (30 September 1959).
* Member of the Order of the Star of Nepal, 1st class.
* Member of the Order of Om Rama Patta (Order of Rama Mantra Power).
* King Mahendra Coronation Medal (2 May 1956).
* King Birendra Coronation Medal (24 February 1975).

### Foreign honours

* Honorary Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George [GCMG]. United Kingdom

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Prince Basundhara of Nepal :
# Albrecht Milnik

Albrecht Milnik (10 November 1931 in Hermsdorf, today Görlitz, as part of Gmina Zgorzelec – 22 December 2021 in Eberswalde) was a German forest scientist.
During his lifetime, he was considered a leading expert on forestry science in Germany.
# Cryptocarya bamagana

Cryptocarya bamagana, commonly known as Bamaga walnut, is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to Cape York Peninsula. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic or egg-shaped, the flowers cream-coloured and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black drupe.

## Description

Cryptocarya bamagana is a rainforest tree that typically grows to a height of 15 m (49 ft), its stem sometimes buttressed. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, 80–140 mm (3.1–5.5 in) long and 30–50 mm (1.2–2.0 in) wide on a petiole 7–12 mm (0.28–0.47 in) long. The flowers are arranged in clusters shorter than the leaves and sometimes have an unpleasant odour. The tepals are 1.6–1.7 mm (0.063–0.067 in) long, the outer anthers 0.8 mm (0.031 in) long and 0.6 mm (0.024 in) wide, the inner anthers 0.7 mm (0.028 in) long and 5 mm (0.20 in) wide. Flowering occurs from November to December, and the fruit is a spherical black drupe 9–10 mm (0.35–0.39 in) long and 9.5–10 mm (0.37–0.39 in) wide.

## Taxonomy

Cryptocarya bamagana was first formally described in 1989 by Bernard Hyland in Australian Systematic Botany, from specimens collected by Hyland collected near Bamaga in 1982.

## Distribution and habitat

Bamaga walnut grows near creeks in rainforest at altitudes from 20–100 m (66–328 ft) above sea level on Cape York Peninsula in Queensland.
# Cryptocarya brassii

Cryptocarya brassii is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is native to far north Queensland and Papua New Guinea. Its leaves are elliptic to oblong or lance-shaped, the flowers cream-coloured and tube-shaped, and the fruit an elliptic black to bluish-black drupe.

## Description

Cryptocarya brassii is a tree that typically grows to a height of 20 m (66 ft), its stem sometimes buttressed. Its leaves are elliptic to oblong or lance-shaped 100–140 mm (3.9–5.5 in) long and 35–65 mm (1.4–2.6 in) wide on a petiole 7–13 mm (0.28–0.51 in) long. The leaves are pinnately veined and more or less glaucous on the lower surface. The flowers are cream-coloured and arranged in panicles about the same length as long as the leaves. The tepals are 1.5–1.6 mm (0.059–0.063 in) long, the outer anthers 0.7–0.9 mm (0.028–0.035 in) long and 0.5–0.7 mm (0.020–0.028 in) wide, the inner anthers 0.8–1.0 mm (0.031–0.039 in) long and about 0.5 mm (0.020 in) wide. Flowering occurs in September, and the fruit is an elliptic black or bluish-black drupe 14–15 mm (0.55–0.59 in) long and about 11 mm (0.43 in) wide.

## Taxonomy

Cryptocarya brassii was first formally described in 1942 by Caroline Kathryn Allen in the Journal of the Arnold Arboretum from specimens collected in the Middle Fly River by Leonard John Brass.

## Distribution and habitat

This species of laurel grows in gallery forest at altitudes between 40 and 100 m (130 and 330 ft) from Bamaga to Coen on Cape York Peninsula and in New Guinea.
# Aldabrachelys

Aldabrachelys is genus of giant tortoises, including the Aldabra giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea) native to the Seychelles, as well as two extinct species, Aldabrachelys abrupta and Aldabrachelys grandidieri known from Madagascar. The genus name derives from Aldabra, a coral atoll in the Seychelles, plus chelys, from the Greek, χέλυς, for "tortoise" or "lyre", since Hermes was the first to invent the lyre from a hollowed out tortoise shell.

## Naming

This name is problematic in that the type specimen actually represents Chelonoidis denticulata; however, this was discussed and petitioned before the ICZN and accepted: the name Aldabrachelys is therefore the correct name for this genus.

## Taxonomy

Within Testudinidae, Aldabrachelys is most closely related to Astrochelys and Pyxis, which are also native to Madagascar, suggesting that they share a common origin on the island. Within the genus, Aldabrachelys abrupta is more closely related to A. gigantea than it is to A. grandidieri, but A. abrupta and A. gigantea are relatively genetically divergent, suggesting that they are not synonymous as had sometimes been previously proposed, and that they diverged from each other several million years ago. The proposed subspecies of A. gigantea show relatively little genetic differentiation from each other.
# St Peter's Catholic School

St Peter's Catholic School may refer to:
* St Peter's Catholic School, Bournemouth, a secondary school in Bournemouth, Dorset, England
* St Peter's Catholic School, Guildford, a secondary school in Guildford, Surrey, England
* St Peter's Catholic School, Solihull, a secondary school in Solihull, West Midlands, England
* St. Peter's Catholic School (Pine Bluff, Arkansas), an elementary school in operation 1889–1975 and 1985–2012
* St. Peter's Secondary School (Hong Kong) [zh-tw], a Catholic school in Aberdeen, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
* St. Peter's Catholic Primary School [zh-tw], Aberdeen Island, Hong Kong Hong Kong
* Aberdeen St. Peter's Catholic Primary School [zh-tw], Shek Pai Wan Estate, Aberdeen, Hong Kong
# St Margaret's Church, Halstead

St Margaret's Church is an Anglican parish church in the village of Halstead and the Sevenoaks deanery, although the church also serves the village of Badgers Mount. St Katharine's and St Margaret's came together in 1983 as a United Benefice under one parish priest. The pattern of services reflects the fact that it is two parishes working closely together.

## History and architecture

St Margaret's is built across the road from the site of the original demolished medieval church, the only remaining sections of which include the monuments held inside the current church; these monuments date back to the mid-15th century. The chancel was built in 1855 by R. C. Hussey, and is described by architectural historian John Newman as having "flintwork [that] is laboriously galleted with flint flakes", and was originally built as a burial chapel. The nave and the lean-to south aisle are combined under a single roof built by W. M. Teulon between 1880 and 1881. The south-west porch is timber-framed, and is "picturesquely" grouped with the south-east gabled window and a large west bell-gable. The north aisle and vestry were built by St Aubyn and Wadling in 1897, and the outer north aisle was completed in 1992. The interior is unified, boasting "three-bay arcades with circular piers, bold capitals and deeply moulded red brick arches."
The organ case was possibly provided by Teulon, and includes a canted front. The stained glass windows in the west of the nave were designed by Casolani and brought in from the old church in 1867. Those in the east chancel depict Christ in Majesty, and were designed in the 1880s by Hardman & Co. The north aisle's windows were built by Morris & Co. in 1909, using designs by Edward Burne-Jones; those in the south aisle were designed by Marguerite Douglas-Thomson in 1950.
Monuments present inside the church include a dedication to William Burys, who died in 1444 and is depicted in armour in 26 inch high brass; William Petley, who died in 1528 and is depicted with his wife in a comparatively small brass; and Sir James Ashe, who died in 1733, his dedication presented in a white marble tablet, depicting cherubs at the top and bottom, and signed by Jonathan Barker - this is the latter's only known work. There is also a grave of a crusader at this church.
# Cumalı, Çine

Cumalı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çine, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 453 (2022).
# Cumalı, Gelibolu

Cumalı is a village in the Gelibolu District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 71 (2021).
# Aldulescu

Aldulescu is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Radu Aldulescu (born 1954), Romanian writer
* Radu Aldulescu (1922–2006), Romanian-born Italian cellist
# St Peter's Church (Cologne)

50°57′20″N 6°55′01″E﻿ / ﻿50.95555°N 6.91689°E﻿ / 50.95555; 6.91689
St Peter's Church (Sankt Peter) is a Roman Catholic church in Cologne, run by the Jesuits. The painter Rubens was baptised in the church and his father was later buried there. Rubens' Crucifixion of St Peter is on display in the church. It was commissioned in 1638 by the Cologne art collector and businessman Eberhard Jabach and was hung in the church in 1642 after Rubens'death. The building also houses the 'Kunst-Station Sankt Peter', a centre for contemporary art, music, and literature.

## History

The church was constructed in the Gothic style between 1513 and 1525 (499 years ago) (1525) on the remains of earlier Roman and Romanesque churches. It is the latest surviving Gothic church in the city. It is maintained and supported by the Förderverein Romanische Kirchen Köln
The surviving Romanesque west tower dates to 1170. It and the nearby Cäcilienkirche are the city's only two surviving double-churches, which combined a parish church with a collegiate church or Stiftkirche.

## Destruction and restoration

In the night bombing raid on 29 June 1943, known as the "Peter-und-Paul-Angriffs" (Peter and Paul attack), the church's parish was almost completely destroyed, with the church building itself leveled to its foundations and its pillars destroyed. Efforts were made to secure the more important pieces of church furniture such as the stained glass and altarpieces, but much of the opulent woodwork such as the altars, pulpits and 1907 organ in its 1820 case were lost to the fire.
Initial measures were put in place to make the site safe in 1950 and the rest of the restoration was almost complete by 1960, led by government architects Karl Band and Wilhelm Schorn. With few resources and a prevailing consensus to emphasize what had been lost, Band's restoration was "sensitive, but ultimately [left the interior] only as a fragment", producing an almost Protestant effect compared to its pre-war appearance. A redbrick nave contrasted with a raised bluestone chancel, while a new dark wood coffered ceiling was added – the city conservator Hiltrud Kier remarked that the ceiling's effect "was similar to a coffin lid". She also stated that the new vaulted ceilings between the clerestory windows were "like architectural tears" reminiscent of the lost vaulting. Only a few restored or reconstructed furnishings were placed in the building, including the medieval font and the wrought iron Baroque grille.
In July 1960 the Jesuits took over the church and in September of that year one of them, Alois Schuh, was made the parish priest. A new, simple stone high-altar was later added and in 1961 the altarpieces by Cornelius Schut (The Conversion of St Peter) and Rubens returned to the church; and the surviving stained glass windows were reinstalled. The building was restored again between 1997 and 2000 to designs by Wiegmann & Trübenbach.

## Gallery

* Cornelis Schut, Conversion of Saint Paul (1644)
* Interior, 1895
* Interior
* Interior
# St Peter's Church, Yaxham

St Peter's Church is the parish church of Yaxham in Norfolk, England, in the benefice of Mattishall and the Tudd Valley, and in the Diocese of Norwich. It is a round-tower church, dating mostly from the medieval period. The building is Grade I listed.

## History and description

The earliest part of the church is the banding of carstone at the base of the tower, which probably predates the Norman conquest. The rest of the tower dates from the late 11th or early 12th century, with the upper part dating from the 14th century, with four bell-openings, each of two lights, and a post-medieval crenellated parapet. Most of the rest of the building is of the 14th and 15th centuries. There is a nave with a south aisle and four clerestory windows, and a chancel. There is a late-medieval south porch.

### Interior

The 14th-century south arcade has four bays, with alternating foiled and octagonal piers. The octagonal font, carved with blind tracery and with crocketted finials, is of the 15th century. There is a medieval piscina in the south aisle, and a later piscina in the chancel.
There was restoration in the 19th century; the stained-glass windows are from this period. The ends of the pews, of the 19th or 20th century, are decorated in the south aisle with carvings of birds and animals.
# Albin Countergambit

The Albin Countergambit is a chess opening that begins with the moves:
    1. d4 d5
    2. c4 e5
and the usual continuation is:
    3. dxe5 d4
The opening is a gambit and an uncommon response to the Queen's Gambit. In exchange for the sacrificed pawn, Black has a central wedge at d4 and gets some chances for an attack. Often White will try to return the pawn at an opportune moment to gain a positional advantage.
In the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings the Albin Countergambit is assigned codes D08 and D09.

## History

Although this opening was originally played by Cavallotti against Salvioli at the Milan tournament of 1881, it takes its name from Adolf Albin, who played it against Emanuel Lasker in New York 1893. Though it is not played frequently at the master level, Russian grandmaster Alexander Morozevich made some successful use of it in the 2000s.

## Main line

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
The main line continues 4.Nf3 Nc6 (4...c5 allows 5.e3 because Black no longer has the bishop check) and now White's primary options are 5.a3, 5.Nbd2, and 5.g3. Perhaps White's surest try for an advantage is to fianchetto their light-squared (king-side) bishop with 5.g3 followed by Bg2 and Nbd2. Black will often castle queenside. A typical continuation is 5.g3 Be6 6.Nbd2 Qd7 7.Bg2 0-0-0 8.0-0 Bh3.

## Variations
### Lasker Trap

The black pawn on d4 is stronger than it may appear. After 3.dxe5 d4 the careless move 4.e3? can lead to the Lasker Trap. After 4...Bb4+ 5.Bd2 dxe3!! (sacrificing the bishop) 6.Bxb4?? is a blunder—Black continues with 6...exf2+! 7.Ke2 (7.Kxf2 does not work because of 7...Qxd1) 7...fxg1=N+! 8.Rxg1 Bg4+! and Black wins the queen with a winning position. The Lasker Trap is notable because it features a rare instance of an underpromotion in practical play.

### Spassky Variation

In the Spassky Variation, White avoids the Lasker Trap by advancing 4.e4. Although Black can capture en passant with 4...dxe3, the Lasker Trap depends on Black capturing the e-pawn after 4...Bb4+ 5.Bd2, which is not possible here. According to Minev, after 4.e4? Nc6! Black will have the better game.
# Loughman

Loughman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Frank Loughman (1892-1972), Irish Fianna Fáil politician
* Jane Loughman, British film producer and wife of British-born Canadian actor, David Hewlett
* Mick Loughman, current councillor for the Ancoats and Clayton electoral district, Manchester
* Monica Loughman, Irish prima ballerina
* Sean Loughman or Jack Lukeman (born 1973), Irish singer/songwriter
# Culex uniformis

Culex (Lophoceraomyia) uniformis is a species of mosquito belonging to the genus Culex. It is found in India, Malaysia, Hainan Island, New Guinea, Philippines and Sri Lanka. A sup-species Culex (Lophoceraomyia) uniformis ssp. mercedesae is named after the Filipino acarologist Mercedes Delfinado.
# Alegre River (Mato Grosso)

The Alegre River is a river of Mato Grosso state in western Brazil. It is a tributary of the Caçanje River, which in turn is a tributary of the Cuiabá River.

## Course

The Alegre River flows northeast across the Encontro das Águas State Park parallel to the Caçanje River, forms part of the eastern border of the park, then continues east to join the Caçanje just before that river enters the Cuiabá. The region, rich in watercourses, supports diverse pantanal vegetation.
# Louis-Charles Verwee

Louis-Charles Verwée or Louis Charles Verwee (3 July 1832 – 9 July 1882) was a Belgian painter known for his interior scenes, genre scenes and glamorous society portraits. His genre scenes show romantic intrigues and young society ladies.

## Life

Louis-Charles Verwée was born in Brussels as the son of the prominent animal and landscape painter Louis-Pierre Verwee, originally from Kortrijk. His younger brother Alfred Verwee (1838–1895) became a well-known painter of animals, landscapes and seascapes. Louis-Charles Verwée received his initial art lessons from his father with whom he studies for several years.
He was less interested in the subject matter favoured by his father, i.e. animals and landscapes. He showed more inclination and ability for the painting of portraits and genre scenes. He particularly liked the style of the Belgian painters Alfred Stevens and Gustave Léonard de Jonghe. He subsequently attended the workshops of these two artists.
He participated in many Salons, including in Brussels in 1854, in Antwerp in 1861, in Ghent in 1871 and Amsterdam in 1877. He died in 1882 in Saint-Josse-ten-Noode.

## Work

Louis-Charles Verwée was a portrait and genre painter. Most of his works depict interior scenes with some anecdotal event. These usually involve young women or children engaged in some mundane activity such as pressing a lemon, reading a book or rummaging through a drawer. He was particularly skilled at capturing the spontaneity of the intimate moments of his characters.
He painted portraits mainly of women in a style which is close to that of Belgian painters Alfred Stevens, Gustave Léonard de Jonghe and Charles Baugniet. He is regarded as representing the modern trend in the Classical school together with the Belgian painter Charles Hermans.
The artist also created some scenes with lower class characters, such as in The knife sharpener. Belgian king Leopold II acquired his work entitled Diplomacy, which is still in the royal collections.
# Los Premios 40 Principales América for Best Dominican Act

The Premio 40 Principales América for Best Dominican Act is an honor presented annually since 2014 as part of Los Premios 40 Principales América.

## Winners and nominees

| Year | Winner | Nominees |
| 2014 | Aura | Vicente García Romeo Santos Prince Royce Ilegales |
# Lothbeg

Lothbeg is a hamlet south of Helmsdale.
Lothbeg is a small coastal hamlet, on the coast of the North Sea in eastern Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The main Edinburgh to Thurso A9 road runs through Lothbeg. The village of Brora is 4 miles southwest along the A9.
The meaning is "little marsh". Loth "marsh" Beag "little".
# Cultural evolution (disambiguation)

Cultural evolution is cultural change viewed from an evolutionary perspective.
It may also refer to:
* Behavioral ecology, the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures
* Cultural selection theory, studies of cultural change modelled on evolutionary biology
* Dual-inheritance theory, a specific framework for studying cultural evolution
* Memetics, neo-Darwinist view of the transmission of cultural traits
* Sociocultural evolution, the change of cultures and societies over time as studied in anthropology
# Stadlober

Stadlober is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alois Stadlober (born 1962), Austrian cross-country skier
* Luis Stadlober (born 1991), Austrian cross-country skier
* Robert Stadlober (born 1982), Austrian actor and musician
* Teresa Stadlober (born 1993), Austrian cross-country skier