OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Antsoatany

Antsoatany is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Antsirabe II, which is a part of Vakinankaratra Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 10,000 in 2001 commune census.
Only primary schooling is available. The majority 97% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 3% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crops are maize and rice, while other important agricultural products are beans and potatoes.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
19°42′S 47°10′E﻿ / ﻿19.700°S 47.167°E﻿ / -19.700; 47.167
* This Vakinankaratra location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Gadopentetic acid

Gadopentetic acid, sold under the brand name Magnevist, is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent.
It is usually administered as a salt of a complex of gadolinium with DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentacetate) with the chemical formula A$_2$[Gd(DTPA)(H$_2$O)]; when cation A is the protonated form of the amino sugar meglumine the salt goes under the name "gadopentetate dimeglumine". It was described in 1981 by Hanns-Joachim Weinmann and colleagues and introduced as the first MRI contrast agent in 1987 by the Schering AG. It is used to assist imaging of blood vessels and of inflamed or diseased tissue where the blood vessels become "leaky". It is often used when viewing intracranial lesions with abnormal vascularity or abnormalities in the blood–brain barrier. It is usually injected intravenously. Gd-DTPA is classed as an acyclic, ionic gadolinium contrast medium. Its paramagnetic property reduces the T1 relaxation time (and to some extent the T2 and T2* relaxation times) in NMR, which is the source of its clinical utility.
Gadolinium based agents may cause a toxic reaction known as nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with severe kidney problems.
Compared to other gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents, Gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA2-) chelates allow delayed Gadolinium-enhanced Magnetic Resonance of Cartilage (dGEMRIC). The unique charge characteristic of this complex allows researchers to inversely measure spin-lattice relaxation times as they are related to the concentration of proteoglycan aggregates and charged glycosaminoglycan side chains in articular cartilage.

## Chemical structure and mode of action

In the complex of Gd$^{3+}$ and DTPA$^{5−}$ the gadolinium ion is 9-coordinate, surrounded by the 3 nitrogen atoms and 5 oxygen atoms from the carboxylate groups. The ninth coordination site is occupied by a water molecule.Sherry AD, Caravan P, Lenkinski RE (December 2009). "Primer on gadolinium chemistry". Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 30 (6): 1240–1248. doi:10.1002/jmri.21966. PMC 2853020. PMID 19938036. This water molecule is labile and exchanges rapidly with water molecules in the immediate vicinity of the gadolinium complex. The gadolinium ion has 7 unpaired electrons with parallel spins and is strongly paramagnetic with an $^8$S electronic ground state. The relaxation time of the water molecules is affected by their intermittent binding to the paramagnetic centre. This alters their MRI properties and enables contrast enhancement to be achieved.

## Concerns

Gadolinium is highly toxic and the accumulation of gadolinium in the brain has become a concern. The EU banned linear chelates in 2017.
# George's Creek, Texas

George's Creek, also spelled Georges Creek, is an unincorporated community in northeastern Somervell County, Texas, located off of U.S. Highway 67.

## History

The community was a companion town to Fort Spunky and was developed on the 8-mile long George's Creek, a tributary of the Brazos River.
The community was located on land owned by George Barnard, an owner of several trading posts for Native Americans and the namesake of the aforementioned creek. He bought several thousand acres of land around the area. At the time, the community was part of Johnson County. J.H. Chambers and Norv Randle, the first settlers of the town, came in 1854. A copper and sulfur mine opened during the Civil War. After the war, many families came to George's Creek, most of them farmers. A cotton gin, school, church, and a cemetery operated in the town's business center following the influx of families. It became a part of Somervell County in 1875, following its transfer to Hood County at some point. A year later, a post office serving the community opened. A blacksmith, photography studio, shoe store, barbershop, doctor's office, and a telephone exchange all operated in the community at some point. In the 1880s, two Baptist churches served the community. Cumberland Presbyterian and Methodist congregations also existed. Following the advent of the automobile and paved roads, many residents moved to cities. Smaller farms were merged into large ranches and the population began to decline from 86 in the mid-1920s to 25 in 1960. The post office ceased operations in 1939. A population count in 1988 saw the number of residents rise back to 86. 66 was the recorded population in 2000 and 2010.
Every year since 1892, relatives of the early settlers meet at the cemetery and partake in a clean-up, dinner, and reunion on the grounds. Around 400 came in the mid-1970s. The creek proved to be rich in silica and a mine that specialized in the material thrived in the town around 1888. Unimin operates a silica mine on the banks of the creek today.
George's Creek Baptist Church was established in 1885, with the sanctuary built in 1915 following various places serving as places of worship for the congregation, including the Methodist church, schoolhouses, and even tents. A video from The Atlantic documented the church and showed its decline from a thriving congregation to averaging an attendance of around six or seven people.
# Symphoricarpos vaccinioides

Symphoricarpos vaccinioides (Roundleaf Snowberry) is a North American species of flowering plant in the honeysuckle family. It had been found in western Canada (British Columbia) and in the western United States (Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho, Utah, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado).
Symphoricarpos vaccinioides is an erect branching shrub sometimes as much as 150 cm (5 feet) tall,. Leaves are up to 2 cm (0.8 inch) long, dark green on the upper surface but lighter green underneath. It has pink, bell-shaped flowers and white fruits.
# Michael Houstoun

Michael James Houstoun CNZM (born 20 October 1952) is a concert pianist from New Zealand. He has twice in his life performed the complete cycle of Beethoven sonatas and in between these achievements, he overcame focal hand dystonia.

## Early life

Houstoun was born in Timaru in 1952. His parents were Archie and Ngaire Houstoun. He received his education at Claremont Primary School and Timaru Boys' High School. Houstoun started playing piano at the age of five and studied under Sister Mary Eulalie in Timaru and, from age 15, Maurice Till in Christchurch.

## Career

Having won every New Zealand piano competition and award as a teenager, Houstoun then travelled and entered three major international competitions: Van Cliburn (1973, 3rd place), Leeds (1975, 4th place) and Tchaikovsky (1982, 6th).
From 1974 to 1981, he studied at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia and London. Houstoun returned to live in New Zealand in 1981; as of 2012 he lived in Feilding. He regularly plays with New Zealand's professional music-ensembles as well as giving solo recitals and recording. Aged 40, he performed and recorded the complete Beethoven-sonata cycle, and collaborated with Tainui Stephens on a television documentary about Franz Liszt entitled Icon in B minor.
In 1987, he launched the Kerikeri competition which became the Kerikeri International Piano Competition in 2012, attracting outstanding pianists and teachers from around the world.
In 1990, Houstoun received the New Zealand 1990 Commemoration Medal.
In 1999, Houstoun received an honorary doctorate in literature from Massey University. Houstoun started suffering from focal hand dystonia, which could easily have ended his career. The condition was treated with physiotherapy and acupuncture, and he had splints made, used rubber bands, and learned braille as sensory retraining, but Houstoun believes that his relaxation technique helped him overcome the condition. In 2001 a documentary was filmed about his condition. After five years he started performing again as a soloist. In the 2012 Queen's Birthday and Diamond Jubilee Honours Houstoun was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services as a pianist.
In 2013, he repeated his achievement from 20 years earlier of performing all 32 Beethoven piano-sonatas.
# Bad Oldesloe

Bad Oldesloe (German pronunciation:) is a town located in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein. It is the capital of the district of Stormarn.
The area has been inhabited since Mesolithic times. The flint tools found here from that era (6000–4500 BC) are clearly defined and known as the Oldesloer Stufe. For a number of years in the 18th century the Moravian Church had a congregation in Bad Oldesloe. It was called "Pilgerruh", i.e. "Pilgrims' Rest". It was given up because of difficulties with the Danish Church authorities. At that time, the Duchy of Holstein was ruled by the kings of Denmark within the Holy Roman Empire.
On 24 April 1945, the town was heavily bombed by Allied forces in the final days of the Second World War in Germany. Three hundred buildings were destroyed, and 706 people were killed as a result of the operation.

## Buildings

16th century Mennokate: Memorial for Menno Simons, founder and eponym of the Mennonites, a group of anabaptists. He had some of his works printed in this building.

## Transport

Bad Oldesloe station is located on the Lübeck–Hamburg and the Neumünster–Bad Oldesloe railways.

## Notable people

* Hermann Olshausen (1796–1839), theologian.
* Otto Wilhelm Sonder (1812–1881), botanist and pharmacist
* Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903), grew up in Bad Oldesloe; classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician, archaeologist and writer.
* August Mommsen (1821–1913), historian.
* Klaus Bargsten (1911–2000), captain and sole survivor of sunken U-521
* Henning Schwarz (1928–1993), CDU politician
* Isa Genzken (born 1948), sculptor and contemporary artist
* Rüdiger Schmidt-Grépály (born 1952), Cultural Manager at the Klassik Stiftung Weimar
* Katharina Fegebank (born 1977), politician (The Greens)
* Wincent Weiss (born 1993), singer and model

### Sport

* Axel Hager (born 1969), beach volleyball player; won bronze medal at the 2000 Sydney Olympics (grew up in Bad Oldesloe)
* Rouwen Hennings (born 1987), footballer, played over 500 pro games
* Julia Görges (born 1988), tennis player
* Maximilian Ahlschwede (born 1990), footballer, played 300 pro games
* Alexander Meyer (born 1991), footballer, played 230 games
* Dan-Patrick Poggenberg (born 1992), footballer, played 250 pro games
* Dren Feka (born 1997), footballer, played 80 pro games

## Twin towns – sister cities

Bad Oldesloe is twinned with:
* Be'er Ya'akov, Israel
* Jifna, Palestine
* Kołobrzeg, Poland
* Olivet, France
# George's Dock

George's Dock was a dock, on the River Mersey, England, within the Port of Liverpool. It was connected to Canning Dock to the south and George's Basin to the north.

## History

Construction of the dock began in 1762, and was known as North Dock prior to completion. The dock, which opened in 1771, was designed and built by Henry Berry and named after the reigning monarch, King George III. The dock basin originally covered an area of slightly more than 3 acres (1.2 ha). The port built ships bound for West Africa, North America and the Caribbean delivering and returning with Black Slaves. Benefiting greatly from the endeavor with the population of Liverpool growing from seventeen thousand, to seventy seven thousand at the end of the 18th century.
The Goree Warehouses were built to the east of the dock in 1793, and were severely damaged during a fire in 1802. Which caused over £320,000 of damage. The dock was rebuilt and expanded between 1822–5, after losing its American and Caribbean shipping to Prince's Dock, being expanded by John Foster, Sr. Following the rebuild and expansion, the dock was mainly used by schooners carrying perishable goods.
The adjoining George's Basin was filled in 1874. In 1899-1900 the dock was filled in to create what is now the Pier Head, to provide one central place for Liverpool Docks' offices, which before were scattered across different sites. A section of the original George's Dock wall is still visible in the basement of the Cunard Building which stands on the site. The Goree Warehouses, which had been named after a slave market in West Africa, were destroyed by bombing during World War II.
By March 2009, work was completed on a £22 million extension of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal on the site of the former basin. The canal extension provides a further 1.4 miles of navigable waterway.
# Anita Devi Sah

Anita Devi Sah is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Janamat Party. She is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election she was elected as a proportional representative from the Madheshi people category. She is the minister of federal affairs and general administration for Third Dahal cabinet.
# Cryptosporidium muris

Cryptosporidium muris is a species of coccidium, first isolated from the gastric glands of the common mouse. Cryptosporidium does originate in common mice, specifically laboratory mice. However, it also has infected cows, dogs, cats, rats, rabbits, lambs, and humans and other primates.

## General characteristics

Cryptosporidium muris infects dogs, rabbits, lambs, cats, humans, and non-human primates. This type of cryptosporidium infects people and animals by the oocyst acquired in water. If people or animals drink the water, then they could become infected and then complete the cycle by passing oocysts. People and animals can also become infected by being in water that has the oocysts present. The area where Cryptosporidium muris most commonly occurs is in Kenya, France, Thailand, and Indonesia. It also occurs in the western hemisphere but to a far lower amount.

## Diagnostics and prevention

The current diagnostics for Cryptosporidium muris are Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and DNA sequencing. Diagnostic tests can be frustrating as it is highly difficult to differentiate between species and the treatment would be the same for all species. Cryptosporidium muris is resistant to disinfectants; it has been discovered that ultraviolet or UV light helps to kill the species. As for prevention, people should not drink infected water or play in it. Also making sure to practice good hygiene improves the risks of not contracting Cryptosporidium.

## Prevalence

Cryptosporidium muris has prevalence in the following species in the following amount: Dairy Cows -68% Feedlot Cows- 80% Mice- 26%, and Rats- 5%.
# Michael Guffey

Michael Guffey is a professional skateboarder based in Venice, Los Angeles and sponsored by ZJ Boarding House. He and his ZJ Boarding House team won gold at ESPN X Games 16 held in Los Angeles. He is featured skateboarding in the music video "Venice Cheap Skates feat. Paco" by Do It Live.
# Xplora

Xplora was a Spanish TV channel owned by Atresmedia. The channel started broadcasting on 1 May 2012, replacing laSexta2 due its low ratings. On 5 May 2014, the channel ceased broadcasting.
Most of its programming were documentaries and reality television.

## History

The channel ceased broadcasting on 5 May 2014 in DTT, as a consequence of a sentence by the Supreme Court that annulled the concessions for nine channels broadcasting in DTT, because their permissions for frequencies were granted without the required public consensus and assignments system according to the Audiovisual Law.
Since 6 May 2014 the channel broadcast only online via Atresplayer.
# Duzulla

Duzulla is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Duzulla subhyalinalis, which is found in Syria, Jordan and India.
# Badji

Badji is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dominique Badji ,Senegalese Soccer player
* Bassirou Badji, Senegalese basketball player
* Fayçal Badji (born 1974), Algerian footballer
* Mbaye Badji (born 1976), Senegalese footballer
* Landing Badji, Senegalese politician
* Ndiss Kaba Badji (born 1983), Senegalese long jumper and triple jumper
* Stéphane Badji (born 1990), Senegalese footballer
# Zaireichthys mandevillei

Zaireichthys mandevillei is a species of loach catfish found in the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo where it is found in the Congo River Basin. It grows to a length of 2.6 cm and has a broad, black collar just behind the head and a spotted colour pattern. The barbels are attenuate, with the maxillary barbels extending posteriorly to middle to end of the pectoral fin spine and the caudal peduncle is slender. The humeral process of the pectoral girdle is short and without denticulations. The caudal fin is deeply forked, with the upper lobe much shorter and smaller than the lower lobe; also, the fin rays in lower lobe noticeable thicker than those in upper lobe.
# Anita Johansson (politician)

Anita Johansson, born 1944, is a Swedish social democratic politician. She was a member of the Riksdag from 1979 to 2006.
# Cuproxena elongana

Cuproxena elongana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Venezuela.
# Mian Muhammad Atif

Mian Muhammad Atif is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from August 2018 till January 2023.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) from PP-132 (Nankana Sahib-II) in the 2018 Punjab provincial election.
He is running for a seat in the Provincial Assembly from PP-132 Nankana Sahib-II as a candidate of the PTI in the 2024 Punjab provincial election.
# That Dangerous Age

That Dangerous Age is a 1949 British romance film directed by Gregory Ratoff and starring Myrna Loy, Roger Livesey and Peggy Cummins. It was adapted from the play Autumn by Margaret Kennedy and Ilya Surguchev. The film was released under the alternative title of If This Be Sin in the United States. It was shot at Shepperton Studios and on location in London and Capri. The film's sets were designed by the art director Andrej Andrejew.

## Plot

Sir Brian Brooke, a famous attorney, collapses while acting as defense counsel in a high-profile murder trial. Doctor Thorvald informs his (second) wife Cathy that Brian needs to rest for six months or he will die; Brian is also temporarily blind. They and Brian's daughter Monica relax in Italy.
They receive an anonymous letter accusing Cathy of carrying on an affair with Brian's junior partner, Michael Barcleigh. Brian's lawyer instincts makes him believe it, until Cathy reveals that Michael has confided to her that he is in love with Monica. Brian is apologetic, and delighted by the news. However, Cathy has lied, and the letter is correct.

## Cast

* Myrna Loy as Lady Cathy Brooke
* Peggy Cummins as Monica Brooke
* Richard Greene as Michael Barcleigh
* Roger Livesey as Sir Brian Brooke
* Elizabeth Allan as Lady Sybil
* Gerard Heinz as Doctor Thorvald
* Jean Cadell as Nannie
* G. H. Mulcaster as Simmons
* Margaret Withers as May Drummond
* Ronald Adam as Prosecutor
* Wilfrid Hyde-White as Mr Potts
* Henry Caine as Mr Nyburg
* Patrick Waddington as Rosley
* Edith Sharpe as Angela Caine
* George Curzon as Selby
* Robert Atkins as George Drummond
* Phyllis Stanley as Jane
* Daphne Arthur as Margot
* Martin Case as John
* Barry Jones as Arnold Cane
* Louise Lord as Ellen
* Nicholas Bruce as Charles
* William Mervyn as Nicky
* André Morell as Doctor McCatcheon

## Comic book adaption

* Eastern Color Movie Love #2 (April 1950)
# Taphrina entomospora

Taphrina entomospora is a fungal plant pathogen that infects the leaves of Nothofagus. T. entomospora infection results in chlorosis and changes in parenchyma structure of the leaf causing premature senescence. The species was first described scientifically by mycologist Roland Thaxter in 1910.
The distribution of T. entomospora is restricted to South America.
# Kwamndolwa

Kwamndolwa is an administrative ward in Korogwe Urban District of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 43.2 km$^2$ (16.7 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 297 m (974 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 5,160.
# Ünver

Ünver is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Ünver Beşergil (born 1938), Turkish wrestler
* Akın Ünver (born 1982), Turkish professor
* Emre Ünver (born 1981), Dutch politician
* İzzet Ünver (born 1992), Turkish volleyball player
* Ömer Ünver (born 1981), Turkish basketball player
# Syedpally

Syedpally is a village and panchayat in Ranga Reddy district, TS, India. It falls under Parigi mandal.
# George Bright

George Bright may refer to:
* George Washington Bright (1874–1949), American sailor and Medal of Honor recipient
* George Adams Bright (1837–1905), United States Navy officer and surgeon
* George Bright (priest) (died 1696), Dean of St Asaph
* George M. Bright, suspect in the 1958 Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple bombing
* George Bright (actor), English stage actor of the 17th century
# Doomsday Warrior

Doomsday Warrior is a series of science fiction short novels set in 2089 and later, depicting the struggle to reclaim America from the USSR, after a nuclear strike and invasion in 1989 (the first book was written in 1984). The author, Ryder Stacy, is a pseudonym shared by Jan Stacy and Ryder Syvertsen. The series was published as part of the Zebra Books Men's Adventure series.

## List of novels

* Doomsday Warrior (1984)
* Red America (1984)
* The Last American (1984)
* Bloody America (1985)
* America's Last Declaration (1985)
* American Rebellion (1985)
* American Defiance (1986)
* American Glory (1986)
* America's Zero Hour (1986)
* America's Nightmare
* America's Eden (1987)
* Death, American Style
* American Paradise (1988)
* American Death Orbit (1988)
* American Ultimatum (1989)
* American Overthrow (1989)
* America's Sword (1990)
* American Dream Machine (1990)
* America's Final Defense (1991)
# Cuproxena eudiometra

Cuproxena eudiometra is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Santa Catarina, Brazil.
# Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany

The Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany is an herbarium and library at Harvard University with about 1,400,000 specimens, including approximately 75,000 types, of lichens, fungi, bryophytes, diatoms, and algae. It grew from the 1919 bequest of William Gilson Farlow of his personal herbarium and library to Harvard. It grew further from additional bequests from Roland Thaxter, and specimens, manuscripts, correspondence, illustrations, and field notes from other notable researchers such as E. B. Bartram, E. A. Burt, W. H. Weston Jr., D. H. Linder, and Elke Mackenzie.
# That Dangerous Age (1927 film)

That Dangerous Age (German: Das gefährliche Alter) is a 1927 German silent film directed by Eugen Illés and starring Asta Nielsen, Bernhard Goetzke and Hans Wassmann.
The film's art direction was by Gustav A. Knauer.The film was released on 17 November 1927.

## Cast

* Asta Nielsen as Elsie seine Frau
* Bernhard Goetzke as Richard Lindtner U-Prof.
* Hans Wassmann as Wellmann
* Trude Hesterberg as Lilly seine Frau
* Walter Rilla as Jörgen - Student
* Hans Adalbert Schlettow as Axel - Student
* Maria Paudler as Magna - Studentin
* Lucie Höflich as Köchin Tob
* Ernst Rückert as Chauffeur
* Adolphe Engers as Mr.Pierre
* Ressel Orla as Resi Kellnerin
* Hermann Vallentin as Jensen ein Fischer
* Josefine Dora as Wirtin
* Lilian Weiß as Nelly eine Zofe