OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dry (memoir)

Dry is a memoir written by American writer Augusten Burroughs. It describes the author's battle with alcoholism. Dry was written before Running with Scissors, but was published second. Dry reached number 24 on The New York Times Best Seller list for Hardcover Nonfiction.
Although the memoir is based on actual events, the first pages include this author's note: "This memoir is based on my experiences over a ten-year period. Names have been changed, characters combined, and events compressed. Certain episodes are imaginative re-creation, and those episodes are not intended to portray actual events."

## Synopsis

The first part of the memoir centers on Burroughs' intervention by his co-workers and boss as well as his time spent at a rehab facility that caters specifically to gay and lesbian patients. The second part of the novel deals with Burroughs' first bout with sobriety since leaving the rehab program. He meets a love interest at his group therapy sessions and takes in a fellow addict in recovery. Part II also shows the decline in health in Burroughs' ex-boyfriend and current friend, only named Pighead in the memoir. Pighead is living with HIV, and although healthy in the beginning of the book, he eventually succumbs to the effects of HIV. The death of his friend sends Burroughs into a relapse, including drinking, cocaine and crack. The memoir ends with Burroughs getting clean and helping another alcoholic friend of his through his recovery.

## Characters
### Augusten

    Main character and author of the memoir.

### Greer

    Burroughs's co-worker and friend. Part of the intervention

### Jim

    Mortician. Burroughs's drinking buddy. Reappears in the end sober and in recovery as well.

### Pighead

    Burroughs's best friend and former love interest.

### Foster

    Burroughs's love interest in the memoir. They meet at group therapy for alcohol/drug addicts.

### Hayden

    Recovering addict who moves in with Burroughs midway through the memoir

## Film adaptation

Burroughs is writing the script for a Showtime series based on the memoir. No release date has been announced.
# Elaphropus asthenes

Elaphropus asthenes is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Andrewes in 1925.
# HMS Advantage

Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Advantage:
* HMS Advantage (1590) was an 18-gun ship built in 1590 and burnt in 1613.
* HMS Advantage (1652) was a 26-gun ship captured from the Dutch in 1652 and sold in 1655.
* HMS Advantage (W133) was a rescue tug of the Favourite class commissioned in 1943 under Lend-Lease and returned to the United States Navy in 1946.
# E. Wyllys Andrews IV

Edward Wyllys Andrews IV (December 11, 1916 – July 3, 1971) was an American archaeologist noted for research into Maya civilization. During his career with Tulane University's Middle American Research Institute, Andrews focused on Mayan ruins, rediscovering several sites and leading investigations into Balankanche, Kulubá, Coba, and more.

## Early life

From his childhood Andrews collected geological and paleontological artifacts and developed an interest in Maya culture in his teens. His grandfather and great-grandfather were noted medical doctors in Chicago, Illinois and his father was also born in Chicago.
At the age of 15 he began studying archaeology in Mesa Verde in an archaeological excavation with Byron Cummings.

## Education

In 1933, he enrolled at the University of Chicago where he worked at the Field Museum on the subject of Maya hieroglyphics and herpetology. He accompanied Sylvanus G. Morley to Chichen Itza, Yucatan.
He enrolled at Harvard University where he earned his doctorate in 1942. By the age of 21, he had published five scientific papers, mainly on Maya hieroglyphics.
During World War II, Andrews served in the United States Navy and after the war joined the Central Intelligence Agency.

## Career

After the war, Andrews returned to his archaeological duties at the Mesoamerican Research Institute at Tulane University. For the academic year 1950–1951 he was a Guggenheim Fellow. Andrews devoted the last 40 years of his life to the study of the Mayan civilization, dedicating particular focus to the north of the peninsula, as in the Dzibilchaltún site that he had already visited before the war. He was the first to conjecture that this archaeological site was a large Mayan urban center and not a set of sites in a large archaeological area as originally thought.

## Research and discoveries

Andrews worked on several Maya sites including:
* Dzibilchaltún
* Balankanche
* Kulubá
* Coba

## Legacy

Andrews died in New Orleans on July 3, 1971. His son, E. Wyllys Andrews V served as director of the Middle American Research Institute at Tulane, from 1975 until 2009 and continued as an emeritus professor.
# Death Valley expedition

The Death Valley expedition was an 1891 expedition to discover the geographic distributions of plants (phytogeography) and animals in California's Death Valley.
It was the first of a series of expeditions funded by an 1890 act of the United States Congress. The expedition included biologists, naturalists, botanists, and zoologists.
   It was one of the first in a series of biological surveys of the West made by naturalist Clinton Hart Merriam, who studied the geographical distribution of plants and animals in order to define life zones that could be used to assess the suitability of land for farming and ranching. Merriam was particularly interested in the Death Valley Country, not for its dubious agricultural potential or for "deadly peculiarities," but for the possibility of finding strange new species of life and for the unique opportunity to study seven separate life zones in the short span from the valley floor to the Panamints. For the expedition Merriam recruited government zoologists Vernon Bailey, Basil H. Dutcher, and Edward W. Nelson; ornithologists Albert K. Fisher and Theodore S. Palmer; entomologist Albert Koebele; botanists Frederick V. Coville and Frederick Funston; and an amateur naturalist, Frank Stephens, who later founded the San Diego Natural History Museum. ... Palmer ... headed the expedition for the first three months before Merriam could join them.
   This expedition was placed in charge of Dr. T. S. Palmer, since Merriam himself, after starting with the party, had been invited by President Harrison to act as a Bering Sea Commissioner to study the fur seals and spent the summer on the Pribilof Islands in Alaska.
They produced valuable reports of historic significance in several fields, including "Botany of the Death Valley Expedition", “The Death Valley Expedition: A Biological Survey of Parts of California, Nevada, Arizona, and Utah”, and "Annotated List of the Reptiles and Batrachians Collected by the Death Valley Expedition in 1891, with Descriptions of New Species".
# François Aimé Louis Dumoulin

François Aimé Louis Dumoulin (10 August 1753 in Vevey – 16 February 1834 in Vevey) was a Swiss painter and engraver.

## Biography

Although he received some education in technical drawing, Dumoulin was initially intended for a commercial career. In 1772, he sailed to England and to America the next year. Arriving in Grenada, he made business while drawing plans and views for the governor.
From 1776 to 1782, Dumoulin was a witness to the American War of Independence, drawing several naval battles between the French Navy and the British Royal Navy.
Returned to Vevey in 1783, he turned his sketches of the battles into oil paintings and watercolours, earning his life diving drawing lessons.
Between 1795 and 1797, Dumoulin was in Paris, where he took lessons in anatomy, copied ancient paintings in the Louvre, attended the Academy and the School of naval constructions. Two of his paintings of naval battles were exposed at the 1796 Salon.
Back to Vevey in 1797, he opened a class in technical drawing.
In 1810, Dumoulin published a collection of 150 engravings themed on the journey of Robinson Crusoe, which is considered to be a precursor to modern comics.
# Sutina, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Sutina is a village in the municipality of Posušje in West Herzegovina Canton, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 848, all Croats.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Ethnicity/National Affiliation, Religion and Mother Tongue 2019, pp. 458–459.
# Envy (novel)

Envy (Russian: Зависть, romanized: Zavist') is a satirical novel by the Russian writer Yury Olesha, first published in 1927 .

## Plot summary

The novel is about a pathetic young man named Nikolai Kavalerov, who refuses to accept Communist values and is consumed by loathing and envy for his benefactor Andrei Babichev, a model Soviet citizen who manages a successful sausage factory. With Andrei Babichev's brother Ivan, Kavalerov attempts to stage a comeback of all the old, petty feelings that were crushed under communism. In the end, Ivan and Kavalerov are crushed by their own iniquity.

## Background

Envy first appeared in Krasnaya Nov, a Soviet literary magazine, in late 1927. Olesha wrote the novel while working at the Gudok, a widely read newspaper of the Railway Workers' Union. Other authors of the newspaper were Mikhail Bulgakov, Isaac Babel, Ilya Ilf, and Yevgeny Petrov.

## Style

Encyclopædia Britannica calls Envy "a satire in the tradition of Notes from the Underground".

## Themes

The central social theme of Envy is the fate of the intelligentsia in Russia's postrevolutionary society. The novel presents a clash between the rational industrial state and the creative aspirations of Nikolay Kavalerov, which results with Kavalerov throwing his potential away. Despite Olesha's enthusiasm for the new state of affairs, Envy is one of a number of 20th-century Russian novels in which the protagonists clash with Soviet reality and as a result find themselves marginalized.

## English translations

* MacAndrew, Andrew R., and Yuri Olesha. Envy and Other Works. Doubleday & Co.
* Olesha, Yuri. Envy. Trans. Marian Schwartz. New York Review of Books, 2004
# Erbenhausen

Erbenhausen is a municipality in the district Schmalkalden-Meiningen, in Thuringia, Germany.
# HDHS

HDHS may refer to:
* Haribhai Deokaran High School, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
* Harrow District High School, Harrow, Ontario, Canada
* Harwich and Dovercourt High School, Essex, England
* Hiwassee Dam High School, Murphy, North Carolina, United States
# Kendrick, Florida

Kendrick is an unincorporated community outside Ocala in Marion County, Florida, United States. It is named for former Florida State Senator, lecturer, and pioneer William H. Kendrick.

## Notable person

* William V. Chappell, Jr., politician and lawyer, was born in Kendrick.
# HK Novi Sad

HK Novi Sad was an ice hockey club from Novi Sad, Serbia. It played its home games at SPENS, located in Novi Sad.
HK Novi Sad was founded in 1998 and stopped competing in 2009 due to economic reasons.

## Honours

* Serbian Hockey League:
       Runners-up (3): 1999, 2003, 2008
* This article about sports in Serbia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This European ice hockey team-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Ken Winters

Ken C. Winters (born March 31, 1953) is an American psychologist known for his research on addictive behaviors such as problem gambling. He is a senior scientist at the Oregon Research Institute (MN location), a consultant for the National American Indian & Alaska Native Addiction Technology Transfer Center, and a Research Associate Professor for the Office of Research and Economic Development at Florida International University. He previously served as a tenured professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Minnesota, as a Senior Scientist with the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania-based Treatment Research Institute, and an adjunct faculty member in the Department of Psychology at the University of Minnesota. He was founder and director of the University of Minnesota's Center for Adolescent Substance Abuse Research for twenty-five years, and in 2013, he was named chairman of the Scientific Advisory Board of the National Center for Responsible Gaming.
# Ken Wolski

Kenneth Wolski (born September 16, 1948) is an American activist from New Jersey. Wolski resides in Trenton, New Jersey and is the executive director of the Coalition for Medical Marijuana - New Jersey and a registered nurse. In 2012, Wolski ran for U.S. Senator from New Jersey as the nominee of the Green Party of New Jersey. Kicking off his campaign at the March 2012 convention, Wolski said, "I will campaign to end the influence of corporate money on elected officials, to end the destructive and ineffective War on Drugs, and to ensure free and universal health care for all Americans". He finished 4th of 11 candidates, receiving 15,801 votes (0.47%).
Wolski is an advocate of marijuana legalization. In November 2015, Wolski testified before a New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee hearing in favor of legalization.
During the 1960s and early 1970s, Wolski was an outspoken opponent of the Vietnam War. He took part in numerous anti-war actions, and demonstrations including the
Spring Mobilization's march against the Vietnam War in San Francisco on April 15, 1967, and the 1971 May Day protests, a series of large-scale civil disobedience actions in Washington, D.C. He was a proponent of free speech, academic freedom, women's rights, civil rights, sexual freedom, and drug policy reform.
Wolski earned a B.A. in philosophy at Rutgers University–New Brunswick in 1971. He also earned an AAS in nursing from Mercer County Community College in 1976 and MPA from Rutgers University–Newark in 1992.
# Luz Anjaneya Temple

The Mylapore Anjaneyar Devasthanam, commonly known as the Luz Anjaneya Temple, is the oldest temple of Hanuman in the city of Chennai, India. It is located in the neighbourhood of Mylapore in the area known as Luz.

## History

The Luz Anjaneya temple was constructed by Salivahana Chettiars from Mysore who migrated and settled down in Mylapore in the 18th century. With land granted by the Nawab of the Carnatic, the Chettiars constructed two Vinayaga temples. While digging a well, they found the self-manifested idol of the Hindu god Hanuman. As a result, they constructed a Hanuman temple on the spot. A shrine to the Hindu god Rama was constructed within the complex in 1954. The temple celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2000.
The temple is managed by the Salivahana Chettiyar Trust for more than a couple of centuries. The trust also manages the Sundara Vinayagar and Selva Vinayagar temples, both of which are located close to the Anjaneya temple. The idol in the temple, believed to be self-manifested, is said to be more than 600 years old.
The last kumbabhishekam (consecration) of the temple took place in 2012.

## The Temple

The temple is the oldest temple dedicated to Hanuman in Chennai. Initially consisted only of the Hanuman sanctum, the temple was later expanded with other shrines. Two sanctums, both facing west, are placed next to each other near the main entrance. The main sanctum is dedicated to Hanuman. The unique feature of the idol in the temple is that the entire face of the Hanuman idol is turned to face to its left, towards south.
The other sanctum is that of Kothandaramar alongside Lakshmana and Sitadevi. Utsava murthies are located on the left side of the sanctums. Special occasions observed in the temple include Hanumath Jayanthi, Rama Navami and Gokulashtami. On Hanumath Jayanthi (birthday of Hanuman) and Rama Navami (birthday of Rama), the utsava murthies of Rama and Anjaneyar will be taken out on a procession.
# Cross electrophile coupling

Cross electrophile coupling is a type of cross-coupling reaction that occurs between two electrophiles. It is often catalyzed by transition metal catalyst(s). Unlike conventional cross-coupling reactions of an electrophile with an organometallic reagent, the coupling partners in cross electrophile coupling reactions are both electrophiles. Generally, additional reductant to regenerate active catalyst is needed in this reaction.

## Cross selectivity

Reductive dimerization of electrophiles has long been known (Wurtz reaction, Ullman reaction, etc.), Few methods exist for achieving cross selectivity.

### Using excess of one reagent

Using excess amount of one reagent can provide synthetically useful yields of cross-coupled product when the starting reagents have similar reactivity. (e.g. coupling between two alkyl halides). This strategy has been used with a Ni catalyst and zinc as reductant. Dimerization of the more reactive alkyl halide was the major byproduct.
Alkyl-alkyl (Csp3-Csp3) cross electrophile coupling using metallaphotoredox catalysis has also been achieved. In this case, small alkyl electrophiles were used excess amount. Tris(trimethylsilyl)silanol can be employed as a halogen abstractor in combination with photoredox and Ni catalysis.

### Sequential oxidative addition

In cases where two electrophiles have disparate reactivity, this difference can be used to achieve high selectivity for cross product.
For example, aryl halide and alkyl halide can be differentiated by the reactivity trends of two electrophiles whether it prefers heterolytic or homolytic pathway. Through detailed mechanistic studies, the origin of high selectivity was revealed : Aryl halides do faster oxidative addition to Ni(0) center than alkyl halides, however, alkyl halides form radicals when it react with nickel center. The catalysis begins with oxidative addition of an aryl halide to Ni(0). The resulting Ni(II) species reacts with an alkyl radical generated from alkyl halides to form diorganonickel(III) intermediate which can undergo reductive elimination of the cross coupled product. Reduction of Ni(II) to Ni(0) by Mn closes the catalytic cycle.
Reductive cross coupling of two different aryl (pseudo)halide was achieved. Use of two different metals (Ni and Pd) was essential for the observed cross-selectivity of chemically similar two reactants. Aryl triflates generally prefer oxidative addition to the electron-rich Pd(0) catalyst whereas Ni(0) selectively reacts with aryl bromides.
Transmetallation of the aryl-nickel(II) onto the Aryl-palladium(II) forms a Pd(II)Ar1Ar2 species followed by reductive elimination to give product. Finally, reduction of Ni(II) by additive zinc regenerates Ni(0).
# Drosophilist

Drosophilist is a term used to refer to both the specific group of scientists trained in the laboratory of Thomas Hunt Morgan, and more generally any scientist who uses the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to study genetics, development, neurogenetics, behavior and a host of other subjects in animal biology.
The core members of the original drosophilists at Columbia University included Morgan, Alfred Sturtevant, Calvin Bridges and Hermann Joseph Muller. Drosophilists directly connected with Morgan at Caltech included Theodosius Dobzhansky and George Beadle.

## Drosophilists who have won Nobel Prizes

Nine drosophilists have won Nobel Prizes for their work in Drosophila:
* Thomas Hunt Morgan – for his discovery that chromosomes contain linear arrangements of genes
* Hermann Joseph Muller – for his discovery that X-rays can produce mutations
* Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard – Shared with Wieschaus and Lewis "for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development"
* Eric Wieschaus
* Edward B. Lewis
* Jules A. Hoffmann – "for discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity"
* Michael Rosbash - Shared with Young and Hall "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm"
* Michael W. Young
* Jeffrey C. Hall
A few other drosophilists won Nobel Prizes for work done in other systems:
* George Wells Beadle – for work done with Neurospora crassa
* Edward Lawrie Tatum – for work done with N. crassa
* Richard Axel – for work on the mouse olfactory system

## Other notable drosophilists

* Walter Jakob Gehring
* Michael Levine
* William McGinnis
* Seymour Benzer
* Gero Miesenböck
* Gerald M. Rubin
* Allan C. Spradling
* Andrea Brand
* Norbert Perrimon
* Huda Zoghbi
* John Carlson
* Leslie B. Vosshall
* David Suzuki – a former drosophilist who became a notable science communicator
* Lily Jan and Yuh Nung Jan
* Michael Ashburner
# Elaphropus belli

Elaphropus belli is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Andrewes in 1925.
# Death Valley Manhunt

Death Valley Manhunt is a 1943 American Western film directed by John English and written by Norman S. Hall and Anthony Coldeway. The film stars Wild Bill Elliott, George "Gabby" Hayes, Anne Jeffreys, Weldon Heyburn, Herbert Heyes and Davison Clark. The film was released on November 24, 1943, by Republic Pictures.

## Plot

Marshall Wild Bill Elliot pursues a retirement of ranching after enjoying a successful career. Elliot's friend, Gabby Hayes tries to get him to go to Death Valley, where Hayes owns land used for oil drilling. Elliot declines the offer but Hayes travels to the area with his dog, Teabone. Whilst in the nearby town, Hayes speaks with his friend and fellow oil driller Tex Benson, who warns him not to come into contact with a certain Richard Quinn, the field manager of another oil extraction company who has secret attempts to sabotage smaller oil companies.
Following an attack on his well by Quinn's henchmen, Benson proceeds to steal equipment from Quinn's own well. Quinn then takes Benson to court where Judge Jim Hobart (who reluctantly works for Quinn) issues an arrest warrant for Benson. Marshall Hugh Ward is sent to arrest Benson, but ends up being killed accidentally. Quinn claims the death was a murder by Benson and has him imprisoned by Hobart.

## Cast

* Wild Bill Elliott as Marshal Wild Bill Elliott
* George "Gabby" Hayes as Gabby Hayes
* Anne Jeffreys as Nicky Hobart
* Weldon Heyburn as Richard Quinn
* Herbert Heyes as Judge Jim Hobart
* Davison Clark as Tex Benson
* Pierce Lyden as Clayton
* Charles Murray Jr. as Danny
* Jack Kirk as Marshal Hugh Ward
* Eddie Phillips as Deputy Marshal Blaine
* Bud Geary as Henchman Sid Roberts
* Al Taylor as Deputy Marshal Lawson