OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard Carter

Richard Carter or Rich Carter may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Richard Carter (actor) (1953–2019), Australian actor
* Richard Carter (musician) (fl. 1728–1757), English violinist and composer

## Politics and government

* Richard Carter (MP for Cornwall) (1617–1668), MP for Cornwall
* Richard Henry Carter (1817–1880), Virginia planter, politician and Confederate officer during the American Civil War

## Science

* Richard Carter (histopathologist) (born 1934), British histopathologist
* Rich Carter (born 1971), American chemistry professor

## Sports

* Richard Carter (American football) (1919–2002), American football and basketball coach
* Richard Carter (cricketer) (1891–1969), English cricketer
* Dick Carter (1916–1969), American baseball pitcher, coach, and manager

## Other

* Richard Carter (land agent) (fl. 1846), English land agent and surveyor
* Richard Carter (Royal Navy officer) (died 1690), English officer in the Royal Navy
* Richard B. Carter (1877–1949), American ink manufacturer
* Samuel Christian, founder of the Philadelphia Black Mafia who also went by the name Richard Carter
# Megachile montibia

Megachile montibia is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Strand in 1911.
# Antonio Ordóñez Plaja

Antonio Ordóñez Plaja (1919–2012) was a Colombian surgeon, sociologist, politician and United Nations official. He served as Minister of Public Health in the Government of Colombia from 1966 to 1970 and as Chairman of UNICEF at the international level from 1976 to 1977.
He was a Professor of Anatomy and Physiology and later of Interdisciplinary Studies at the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. He also held visiting professorships at Yale University and the Harvard School of Public Health.
# Sisters of La Retraite

The Sisters of La Retraite or the Congregation of the Retreat is a Roman Catholic congregation founded as early as 1675 in Vannes and Quimper in Brittany by Catherine de Francheville and Claude-Thérèse de Kerméno under the guidance of the Jesuit Vincent Huby.

## History

Claude-Thérèse de Kerméno having made a retreat in a convent which accommodated ladies who desired to retire from the world and follow the exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola, conceived the idea of founding a similar convent at Quimper. Later the sisters took the name of the Dames of La Retraite.
During the French Revolution they were dispersed for refusing to take the oath of allegiance. On 17 July 1794, one of their number, Victoire de St-Luc, was executed by the guillotine. Her death precipitated a flourishing of the congregation, the members consecrated themselves to the Sacred Heart, and in 1805 began again the work of providing retreats for people.
After the religious and administrative authorities in France required the sisters to add the education of youth to their other work, they now have schools in various places in England, France, and Belgium.

## Locations

In 1820, two sisters from Quimper opened a house at Redon (Ille-et-Vilaine), which eventually became the Retreat of Angers.
Meantime the mother-house at Quimper in 1808 opened a house at Quimperlé; in 1820, one at Lesneven; in 1847, one at Pontchâteau, and in 1858, one at Brest. The following convents were founded by the Retreat of Angers: in 1820, Redon; in 1844, Saumur (Maine-et-Loire); in 1857, a second house at Angers called l'Oratoire, and in 1893, one at Fontenay-sous-Bois (Seine). In 1880, the sisters went to England and the convent at Clapham Park was founded from Angers. In 1882, a convent was opened at Burnham, in Somerset, from Quimper, and after the union of Quimper and Angers in 1897, another convent was opened at Weston-super-Mare, Somerset, and in 1904, one at Clevedon. In 1898, a house at Mentone was opened, and in 1899 an educational establishment at Brussels.
On 11 May 1966, the Holy See decreed that the three congregations of the retreat: the united Quimper and Angers congregation; the Sisters of La Retraite in Vannes founded by Catherine de Francheville in 1675; and the Congregation of the Retreat of the Sacred Heart in Bruges founded by Mother Marie des Anges in 1875; would be centralised into one institute based in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, and called the Sister of La Retraite.
# Humpback whitefish

The humpback whitefish (Coregonus pidschian), also referred to as the bottom whitefish, the Arctic whitefish or the pidschian, is a species of freshwater whitefish with a northern distribution. It is one of the members in the broader common whitefish complex, or the Coregonus clupeaformis complex. This fish lives in estuaries and brackish water near river mouths, in deltas and in slowly running rivers, in large lakes with tributaries, and floodplain lakes. It can migrate long distances upriver for spawning.
The distribution of Coregonus pidschian is in the Arctic basin, ranging from Northern Norway and Finland across the Russian coast to Alaska and up to the Mackenzie River drainage in North-West Canada. It is also found in the Okhotsk Sea basin.
# Lucius Icilius

Lucius Icilius was a Tribune of the Plebs in 456, 455 and 449 BC. In 456, he passed the lex de Aventino publicando, which gave the Aventine Hill to the plebs. A few years later, around 451 BC, he was betrothed to one Verginia, daughter of Lucius Verginius. The decemvir Appius Claudius Crassus lusted after her and tried to use his power to take her as his own, possibly as a slave. This provoked the second secessio plebis in 449, where Icilius acted as spokesman for the plebs.
# Tappan people

The Tappan were a Lenape people who inhabited the region radiating from Hudson Palisades and New York – New Jersey Highlands at the time of European colonialization in the 17th century.

## Etymology

The exonym Tappan is likely a derivation of a word or phrase from the Algonquian language Lenape as used by settlers to New Netherland, who spelled it as Tappaen. It is not certain what the Tappan called themselves, but there are a variety of interpretations for the word. One suggestion is that it possibly comes from tuphanne meaning cold water.
Vriessendael, one of the first "bouweries", or homesteads, built in the territory was sometimes called Tappan. The Tappan are recalled throughout their former territory: Lake Tappan is a reservoir on the Hackensack River; the Tappan Zee, widening of the Hudson River and the bridge crossing it; Old Tappan in Bergen County; Tappan in Rockland County.

## History

The Tappan migrated seasonally and engaged in companion planting, hunting, fishing, and trapping. Like the other natives who circulated in the region and whose territory overlapped, the Hackensack, Acquackanonk and Rumachenanck (later called the Haverstraw). The Tappan were of the Turtle Clan and spoke the Unami dialect of Lenape. The Tappan and the Hackensack actually were but one tribe and members of it were called either by one name or another according to their dwelling place. They, as well as the Raritan, Wappinger, Manhattan (also known as "Manhattoe"), were collectively known as the River Indians. Those groups living in the adjoining highlands to the west and north have become known as the Munsee.
Contact with the European settlers was at first as trading partners. It is from them that David de Vries purchased the land (1640) to build the homestead at Vriessendael (Edgewater) and, living among them, became an advocate of learning more about indigenous culture. It was an early Director of New Netherland, William Kieft, who attempted to exact tribute from them (but was ignored), and later allowed a number of them to be slaughtered after they had sought safety at Pavonia (1643), beginning a Kieft's War.
# Hit song

A hit song, also known as a hit record, hit single or simply hit, is a recorded song or instrumental that becomes broadly popular or well-known. Although hit song means any widely played or big-selling song, the specific term hit record usually refers to a single that has appeared in an official music chart through repeated radio airplay audience impressions, or significant streaming data and commercial sales.
Prior to the dominance of recorded music, commercial sheet music sales of individual songs were similarly promoted and tracked as singles and albums are now. For example, in 1894, Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern released The Little Lost Child, which sold more than a million copies nationwide, based mainly on its success as an illustrated song, analogous to today's music videos.

## Chart hits

In the United States and the United Kingdom, a single is usually considered a hit when it reaches the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100 or the top 75 of the UK Singles Chart. The Guinness Book of British Hit Singles has used this definition since the 1970s. Some argue that reaching at least the top 100—since the Official Charts Company increased the chart size on their website on 23 June 2007—lets a single be considered a hit due to the increasing singles market after chart rules included download singles. In most cases, the amount of weeks spent on either music chart may also play a big part in its relevance as a 'hit,' regardless of its peak chart position.
A hit single is variously called a number one hit, a top 5 hit, a top 10 hit, a top 20 hit or a top 40 hit, depending on its peak position. In the UK (where radio play is not included in the official charts), this does not completely reflect the song's popularity—as the weekly chart position is based solely on direct comparison with concurrent sales of other singles. It is, therefore, not uncommon that a single fails to chart, but has actually sold more copies than other singles regarded as "hits" based on their higher chart placement in a period of low sales. (This is also possible in the United States, or anywhere, with slow but steady sellers; a number of minor hits, especially those that are popular in specific genre, have earned gold certifications despite relatively poor pop chart performances.)

## Sales figures

In the UK, the number of sales required to achieve a hit single steadily declined in line with a general decline in single sales until the early 2000s. The number has, however, recovered strongly with growth in official digital downloads. 2011 was a record year for UK singles sales. Actual figures vary considerably depending on the time of year. In 2010 a number one single usually sold around 100,000 copies per week; sales of around 30,000 were often sufficient to reach the top ten, and a single selling over 6,000 copies could make the top forty.

## Albums of hit singles

Record companies often release collections of hit singles by various artists as compilation albums, such as the Now That's What I Call Music! series. Well-known bands and artists also frequently release collections of their most popular singles as Greatest hits albums.
# Aristotelia probolopis

Aristotelia probolopis is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. It is found in Peru and Amazonas, Brazil.
The wingspan is 9–10 mm (0.35–0.39 in). The forewings are bronzy brown, sometimes partially suffused with pale ochreous towards the dorsum and with the markings variable in development, dark brown partially mixed with blackish on the margins and the dorsum, irregularly edged whitish, between them some blue-leaden mixture. There is a moderately broad basal fascia, with the edge oblique. There is a moderate less oblique antemedian fascia, its posterior edge forming a sharply defined irregular upwards-oblique pointed projection in the disc and there is also a flattened-triangular blotch extending on the costa from the middle to three-fourths, the apex blackish, narrowly separated by ochreous whitish from a fasciate blotch along the upper half of the termen. The hindwings are dark grey.
# Groveland, Kansas

Groveland is an unincorporated community in McPherson County, Kansas, United States. It is located southwest of McPherson at K-61 highway and Comanche Rd.

## History

The post office in Groveland closed in 1912.

## Education

The community is served by Inman USD 448 public school district.
# Megachile montonii

Megachile montonii is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Gribodo in 1894.
# Dusmadiores

Dusmadiores is a genus of spiders in the family Zodariidae. It was first described in 1987 by Jocqué. As of 2017, it contains 6 species.

## Species

Dusmadiores comprises the following species:
* Dusmadiores deserticola Jocqué, 2011
* Dusmadiores doubeni Jocqué, 1987
* Dusmadiores katelijnae Jocqué, 1987
* Dusmadiores laminatus Russell-Smith & Jocqué, 2015
* Dusmadiores orientalis Jocqué & van Harten, 2015
* Dusmadiores robanja Jocqué, 1987
# Forte do Príncipe Real

Forte do Príncipe Real (also: Forte da Preguiça) is a ruined fort in the village of Preguiça in the island of São Nicolau, Cape Verde. It was built in 1820 to protect the roadstead and village of Preguiça. It sits at about 50 m elevation, at the waterfront. It was abandoned in the first decades of the 20th century, and other buildings (houses, a school) were built on top of its remains. In the 1990s these buildings were cleared, and the fortress was excavated.
# Hulodes caranea

Hulodes caranea is a species of moth of the family Erebidae first described by Pieter Cramer in 1780. It is found from India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Java, Hong Kong to Queensland and New Guinea, it is also found on the Marianas and Carolines.

## Description

The wingspan is about 84–90 mm. Hindwings with crenulate outer margin and produced to a point at vein 4. Male fuscous brown. Wings suffused with purplish as far as the curved submarginal line which runs from the apex to inner margin of hindwings, the area beyond it ochreous brown with a marginal specks series. Forewings with traces of antemedial and postmedial waved lines and brown centered ochreous lunule at end of cell. Hindwings with traces of antemedial waved line. Ventral side with crenulate medial line. Hindwings with black cell spot and spot at middle of costa ventrally. Female pale ochreous brown, with some dark brown suffusion inside the double oblique line.
Larva olive greenish in color with fuscous speckles and paler below. It has two pointed dorsal tubercles on anal somite. Dorsal and lateral bands of black streaks and greenish white blotches found on back and sides. Stigmata black and tubercles reddish. The larvae feed on Acanthaceae and Apocynaceae species.
# Lucius Hre Kung

Lucius Hre Kung (born 4 February 1959) is a Burmese Roman Catholic bishop.
Ordained to the priesthood in 1989, Hre Kung was named bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Hakha, Burma on 19 October 2013.
# Duncan Potts

Vice Admiral Duncan Laurence Potts, CB (born 10 March 1961) is a retired senior Royal Navy officer. He served as Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Capability) and Controller of the Navy from 2013 to 2014, and as Director General of the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom from September 2014 to 2018.

## Early life

Potts was born on 10 March 1961 in Malta. He was educated at Wellington School in Somerset.

## Military career

Potts joined the Royal Navy in 1979. He became commanding officer of the frigate HMS Brilliant in 1996, commanding officer of the destroyer HMS Southampton in 1997 and a member of the policy and programmes cell at the Permanent Joint Headquarters in 1998 before becoming Commander Sea Training to the Flag Officer Sea Training in 1999. He was appointed commanding officer of the frigate HMS Marlborough as well as captain of the 4th Frigate Squadron in 2000 and deployed to the Middle East.
Potts went on to be Captain Navy Plans and then military assistant to the Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff at the Ministry of Defence. He was appointed commander of the Commander United Kingdom Task Group in 2007 (in which role he was deployed to the Gulf) and Assistant Chief of Staff (Crisis and Deliberate Planning) at Permanent Joint Headquarters in 2009. He became Commander United Kingdom Maritime Forces in January 2011 (deployed as commander of EU maritime operations off Somalia from August 2011) and Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Capability) and Controller of the Navy in April 2013. Potts was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 2014 Birthday Honours, and made director general of Joint Force Development and director general of the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, with the rank of vice admiral, on 19 September that year.
# Francisco Ruiz-Jarabo

Francisco Ruiz-Jarabo Baquero (28 January 1901 – 26 September 1990) was a Spanish politician who served as Minister of Justice of Spain between 1973 and 1975, during the Francoist dictatorship.
# Holiday Love

Holiday Love (ホリデイラブ～夫婦間恋愛～, Horidei Rabu: Fūfukan Ren'ai) is a Japanese manga series written by Yukari Koyama and illustrated by Eliza Kusakabe. It was serialized online in DeNA's Manga Box app in multiple languages since September 2014 and published in print by Kodansha in five volumes. An 8-episode live-action drama adaptation aired on TV Asahi from January 26 to March 16, 2018, and a 20-episode original net animation adaptation premiered on Production I.G's Anime Beans app on August 3, 2018.
# Argyrotaenia iopsamma

Argyrotaenia iopsamma is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in São Paulo, Brazil.
# Lazard (surname)

Lazard is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Allen Lazard (born 1995), American football player
* Daniel Lazard (born 1941), French computer scientist
* Frédéric Lazard (1883–1948), chess master
* Gilbert Lazard (1920-2018), French linguist and Iranologist
* Gustave Lazard (1876–1949), French chess master, problemist and organizer
* Justin Lazard (born 1967), actor and model
* Luckner Lazard (1928–1998), Haitian painter and sculptor
* Michel Lazard (1924-1987), French mathematician who introduced Lazard's universal ring
* Naomi Lazard (1928–2021), American poet
* Sasha Lazard, American singer
* Sidney H. Lazard (1930–2015), American bridge player
* Simon Lazard (1828–1898), Franco-American banker
# Ewa Zagata

Ewa Zagata (born 17 May 1970) is a Polish alpine skier. She competed in two events at the 1992 Winter Olympics.
# Tangos South

Tangos South is one of the eighteen barangays (or districts) of Navotas in the Philippines . It is divided to Tangos North, Navotas and Tangos South, Navotas on 2013.
# Giovanni Andolfati

Giovanni Andolfati was a 19th-century Italian actor, active in northern Italy, including Bologna, Parma, and Milano. He was the son of Pietro Andolfati.
His wife Natalina was often an artist in the same plays. Even his father played a role in some of his plays. They played at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan; the Teatro del Corso and of Arena del Sole in Bologna; the Obizzi theater in Padua; as well as theaters in Perugia and Faenza. His company specialized in comedies by Carlo Goldoni, and plays such as La moglie saggia, Le tre Zelinde, Pamela nubile, in Ottavia and in Antigone by Vittorio Alfieri and the Galeotto Manfredi by Vincenzo Monti. Giovanni, through excessive gambling, became penniless, and his company broke up by 1827. Giovanni and his wife were reduced to work for the company of the actress Carolina Internari. Natalina soon died of typhus after 1828. Andolfati also worked for the company of N. Medoni in 1834, as did his daughter Annetta.

## Sources

* Boni, Filippo de' (1852). Biografia degli artisti ovvero dizionario della vita e delle opere dei pittori, degli scultori, degli intagliatori, dei tipografi e dei musici di ogni nazione che fiorirono da'tempi più remoti sino á nostri giorni. Seconda Edizione.. Venice; Googlebooks: Presso Andrea Santini e Figlio. p. 171.
# Hulodes donata

Hulodes donata is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in the Indian subregion, Burma, Thailand, Sundaland, the Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea and Australia.
The larvae feed on Xylia species.
# Stauntonia brachyandra

Stauntonia brachyandra is a plant in the family Lardizabalaceae.
# Tandem gait

Tandem gait is a gait (method of walking) with very small steps in a straight line so that, with each step, the heel of the foot that steps forward is placed immediately in front of, or just touching, the toes of the rear/supporting foot.
Neurologists sometimes ask patients to walk in a straight line using tandem gait as a test to help diagnose ataxia, especially truncal ataxia, because sufferers of these disorders will have an unsteady gait. Walking in tandem magnifies the unsteadiness. However, the results are not definitive, because many disorders or problems can cause unsteady gait (such as vision difficulties, problems with the motor neurons, associative cortex or weakness of the lower limbs due to non-neurological causes). Therefore, inability to walk correctly in tandem gait does not prove the presence of ataxia.
Profoundly affected tandem gait with no other perceptible deficits is a defining feature of posterior vermal split syndrome.
Suspects may also be asked to perform a tandem gait walk during the "walk and turn" part of a field sobriety test.
# The Champagne Safari

The Champagne Safari is a 1995 Canadian documentary film directed by George Ungar. A portrait of industrialist Charles Bedaux, it focuses primarily on his controversial Bedaux expedition through northern Alberta and British Columbia in 1934, including Floyd Crosby's original footage of the expedition that had long been believed lost until being found in Paris in the 1980s.
The film was narrated by Colm Feore and Jim Morris, and included David Hemblen as the voice of Bedaux.
The film was in development by 1988, originally under the working title Dangerous Alliances: The Bedaux Story. It premiered in the Perspective Canada program at the 1995 Toronto International Film Festival, and was broadcast on TVOntario's documentary series The View from Here in December 1995.
The film won the Genie Award for Best Feature Length Documentary at the 16th Genie Awards.
# World's Court League

The World Court League was formed on December 30, 1915, with John Hays Hammond as president. They lobbied for the formation of the International Court of Justice.

## 1915 personnel and first meeting attendees

* William H. Taft, honorary president. He resigned in 1917 because he was a member of the League to Enforce Peace.
* John Hays Hammond, president.
* Emerson McMillin, vice president.
* Henry Clews, treasurer.
* Dr. John Wesley Hill, general secretary and editor of The World Court
* Jeremiah Whipple Jenks, attendee.
* W. E. Knox of New York City, New York, director.
* Oscar S. Strauss, attendee.
* W. W. Wilson of Chicago, Illinois, director.
* Augustus Busch of St. Louis, Missouri, director.
* Alton Brooks Parker, director.
* James G. Beemer, attendee.
* Samuel C. Dutton of Hartsdale, New York, attendee.
* E. C. Stokes of Trenton, New Jersey, director.

## 1917 personnel

* Samuel T. Dutton, general secretary, 1917

## 1919 personnel

* Charles Lathrop Pack, president
* Nicholas Murray Butler, president of the international council.
* Albert Shaw (World's Court League).
* Henry Clews, treasurer.
* Samuel T. Dutton.
* Frederick E. Farnsworth.
* Charles Herbert Levermore, corresponding secretary.
* Frank Chapin Bray, editor.

## Presidents

* John Hays Hammond 1914 to 1915.
* Charles Lathrop Pack 1919.
# La Pellerine, Maine-et-Loire

La Pellerine (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.