OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John H. Shaffer

John Hixon Shaffer (February 25, 1919 – September 14, 1997) was an administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration from March 24, 1969 until March 14, 1973.
Shaffer was the administrator during an en-masse calling-in-sick strike by air traffic controllers in 1969. He threatened to fire controllers who didn't return to work within 24 hours, calling them "ill-advised". In the summer, Shaffer testified to a congressional committee that air traffic controllers were neither overworked nor underpaid. Shaffer's testimony increased pressure on controllers to return to their jobs. Celebrity lawyer F. Lee Bailey of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) stated, "This guy Shaffer has got to go." The FAA and Shaffer were both later attacked by the PATCO for continuing to operate the air traffic system despite the low number of controllers.
On December 3, 1970, he testified to Congress about aviation safety.
Following his retirement from the FAA, Shaffer was involved in a debate over the use of microwave landing systems in civil aviation and which country's industry should be awarded a contract for construction of the equipment: the US, UK, or Germany. Shaffer himself agreed with British assessments that the American manufactured MLS system was inferior and poorly tested.

## McDonnell Douglas DC-10 accidents

On June 12, 1972, American Airlines Flight 96 safely performed an emergency landing in Detroit, Michigan, after a cargo door broke off the plane – a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 – while in the air. Shaffer reached a "gentleman's agreement" with Jackson McGowen, the director of McDonnell Douglas, in which the FAA issued a voluntary, confidential service bulletin, rather than a legally enforced, publicized airworthiness directive, to fix the DC-10's safety issues.
On March 3, 1974, Turkish Airlines Flight 981 – also a DC-10 – crashed in France after losing a cargo door in a manner similar to Flight 96. All 346 people on board died, making it the deadliest crash in aviation history at the time. The plane had not received the change suggested by the service bulletin.
Shaffer, who left the FAA before Flight 981 crashed, defended the administration's actions. He argued that the change might not have been made even under an airworthiness directive, because the FAA trusted manufacturers to self-certify fixes and did not verify compliance. The US Senate held a hearing on the DC-10's safety, and in its conclusions criticized the FAA for weak enforcement and secretive proceedings.

## Awards

* 1972 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy
# Hammatoderus granulosus

Hammatoderus granulosus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1885. It is known from Mexico and Belize.
# Maria C. Tamargo

Maria C. Tamargo is a leading Cuban-American scientist in compound semiconductors and materials science. She is a professor of chemistry at The City College of New York.

## Life and education

Maria Tamargo was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in 1951 to Cuban parents. She lived in Havana, Cuba, from 1952 to 1962, at which time she moved with her family to the United States and has lived there ever since.
Maria Tamargo received her first degree (B.S.) in chemistry from the University of Puerto Rico in 1972. She moved to Johns Hopkins University where she completed an M.S. in chemistry in 1974 followed by a Ph.D. in chemistry in 1978.
She is married to MacRae Maxfield, also a chemist and educator, and has two children, Nicolas and Marcela Maxfield.

## Research and career

Maria Tamargo's research covers a wide range of compound semiconductors and she has particular expertise in molecular beam epitaxy.
After completing her Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins University she spent several years as technical staff at AT&T Bell Labs (1978-1984) and Bellcore (1984-1993).
In 1993 she became a professor of chemistry at City College of New York. She is a member of the doctoral faculty in chemistry and physics at the CUNY Graduate Center, and electrical engineering at CCNY. Between 2001 and 2007 she held the post of dean of science at City College of New York. She is currently the center director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) CREST Center for Interface Design and Engineered Assembly of Low Dimensional Systems (IDEALS).
She is also the author of over 300 papers in the field of semiconductor research. She holds a number of patents.

## Awards and Prizes

Tamargo was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2000 for "significant original contributions to the development and understanding of the growth and properties of novel semiconductor materials and heterostructures, in particular, in the field of wide bandgap II-VI compounds."
In 2017 she received the MBE Innovator Award from the North American Conference of Molecular Beam Epitaxy for “advancing the growth of wide-bandgap II-VI semiconductors by molecular beam epitaxy and demonstrating their unique physical properties and potential novel device applications”.
She was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2020 for "forging the way toward an inclusive science and engineering research community and for contributions to molecular-beam epitaxy of semiconductor materials."

## Publications

Tamargo edited a book titled "II-VI Semiconductor Materials and their Applications", which is part of the series "Optoelectronic properties of semiconductors and superlattices".
# Staples, Texas

Staples is a city in northeastern Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. In an election held on May 10, 2008, its residents voted to incorporate the community as a city. A total of 125 votes were cast, with 87 (69.6%) in favor of incorporation and 38 (30.4%) against. The population is approximately 220 and it is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The city held its first municipal election on November 4, 2008. Eddie Daffern, an organizer of the incorporation effort, was elected unopposed as Mayor. A total of seven candidates ran for the five Alderman positions. Those elected include Carol Wester, who received 70 votes, followed by Ronnie Clark with 67 votes, Bert "Bubba" Reinke and William A. York—both winning 52 votes, and Shaun Seale with 40.
As of the 2020 census, Staples had a population of 193, along with a barber shop, two beauty shops, and a cafe.

## Geography

Staples is located in northeastern Guadalupe County, just west of the San Marcos River, which forms the border with Caldwell County. It is 11 miles (18 km) southeast of San Marcos, 21 miles (34 km) northeast of Seguin, the Guadalupe County seat, 16 miles (26 km) northwest of Luling, and 16 miles southwest of Lockhart. Texas State Highway 130 runs through the southern part of Staples, providing a new freeway route between Austin, 41 miles (66 km) to the north, and San Antonio, 56 miles (90 km) to the southwest.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city of Staples has a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 km$^2$), of which 0.004 square miles (0.01 km$^2$), or 0.30%, are water.

## Education

Students living in Staples are zoned to schools in the San Marcos Consolidated Independent School District.
# La Salle Florida

The Instituto La Salle Florida is an Argentine private school founded in 1934 and located in Florida, Vicente López Partido, Buenos Aires Province. Although it is managed by lay people, it belongs to the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, a Roman Catholic religious teaching congregation created by French priest and educational reformer Jean-Baptiste de La Salle in 1680.
Originally established as a boys-only school, nowadays both male and female students attend classes. It offers early childhood, primary, secondary and tertiary education.
In recent years, the school has organized a marathon in order to raise funds for charitable purposes.

## Notable alumni

* Carla Rebecchi, Argentine field hockey world champion
* Hernán Crespo, Argentine association football Olympic silver medalist
* Claudio Bonadio, Argentine judge
* Florencia Kirchner, daughter of former Presidents of Argentina Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
* Matias González Pena, outstanding chemist representative of Argentina at the International Chemistry Olympiad in 2017, held in Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. Olympic Bronze Medalist.
# Cryptophilus seriatus

Cryptophilus seriatus is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is found in North America.
# Faith and Fate

Faith and Fate: The Story of The Jewish People In The 20th Century is documentary about the Jewish people in the last century.
Faith and Fate, by Berel Wein, focuses on Jewish history and how the events and occurrences of the 20th century affected these people - a people whose survival has defied the ravages and challenges not only of this century, but of the over 40 centuries that have led up to it. Faith and Fate tells the story of how the events of the century affected the Jews - and the impact the Jews had on the century.
As Berel Wein puts it, “What makes this series so unique is that it puts the Jewish history of the 20th century into perspective. We can see ourselves in the “big picture”, how we fit into nearly 4,100 years of Jewish survival. Who we are as Jews? How, and why, we have survived so long? What is our purpose? And what is our Jewish Destiny? It tells our children, and our grandchildren, that despite the tragedies, there are triumphs and that knowing where we come from will help us understand where we are going.”
# Sean Quinn (disambiguation)

Seán Quinn (born 1947) is an Irish businessman.
Sean Quinn may also refer to:
* Sean Quinn (cyclist) (born 2000), American cyclist
* Sean Quinn (writer) (born 1971)
* Sean Quinn, a character in Merry Happy Whatever
# Puthukkudiyiruppu

Puthukkudiyiruppu may refer to:
* Puthukkudiyiruppu (Mullaitivu), town in Mullaitivu District, Sri Lanka
* Puthukkudiyiruppu (Batticaloa), town in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka
# Georgi

Georgi may refer to:
* Georgi (given name)
* Georgi (surname)
# Kevin Hughes (Gaelic footballer)

Kevin Hughes is a Gaelic footballer who played for the Tyrone county team. He was a major figure in Tyrone's midfield on their way to their first ever All-Ireland triumph in 2003, earning the Man of the Match for the All-Ireland final against Armagh.
Hughes completed the triumvirate of All-Ireland inter-county football medals, having been part of the Tyrone Minor and Under-21 teams that won in 1998 (minor), 2000 and 2001 (both U-21).
Hughes is from a rural club called Killeeshil St Mary's in County Tyrone, where he is the captain of the senior football team within the club.
In January 2012, Hughes called time on his inter-county career.
# Stanhopea xytriophora

Stanhopea xytriophora is a species of orchid found from southern Peru to Bolivia.
# Crittenden Township, Champaign County, Illinois

Crittenden Township is a township in Champaign County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2020 census, its population was 337 and it contained 134 housing units.

## History

Crittenden Township formed from part of Philo Township on an unknown date.

## Geography

Crittenden is Township 17 North, Range 9 East of the Third Principal Meridian.
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 36.5 square miles (95 km$^2$), of which 36.45 square miles (94.4 km$^2$) (or 99.86%) is land and 0.05 square miles (0.13 km$^2$) (or 0.14%) is water. The streams of Black Slough and East Branch Embarras River run through this township.

### Unincorporated towns

* Bongard
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

### Cemeteries

The township contains these cemeteries: Calvary at Saint Thomas church, Jessee (Section 33), Kemp, Saint Marys and Shafer (Section 23).

### Major highways

* Illinois State Route 130

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 337 people, 109 households, and 75 families residing in the township. The population density was 9.23 inhabitants per square mile (3.56/km$^2$). There were 134 housing units at an average density of 3.67 per square mile (1.42/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 93.18% White, 0.89% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 2.97% from other races, and 2.97% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.
There were 109 households, out of which 11.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.81% were married couples living together, none had a female householder with no spouse present, and 31.19% were non-families. 6.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.88.
The township's age distribution consisted of 14.1% under the age of 18, 0.0% from 18 to 24, 15.9% from 25 to 44, 39.3% from 45 to 64, and 30.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 58.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $118,472, and the median income for a family was $131,307. Males had a median income of $116,806 versus $22,857 for females. The per capita income for the township was $40,039. No families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
# Delph railway station

Delph railway station served the village of Delph, Oldham, in what is now Greater Manchester, United Kingdom, between 1851 and 1955.

## History

The station was opened on 1 September 1851 as the terminus of the London and North Western Railway branch from Greenfield.
The station closed on 2 May 1955, when the Delph Donkey passenger train service from Oldham to Delph via Greenfield was withdrawn. The station building (complete with platform) still survives as a private residence, now much hemmed in by later development.
For a period after closure, the station yard became home to a small, privately owned collection of railway rolling stock, including two steam locomotives. The locomotives were a Hunslet 0-6-0ST Darfield No.1, built in 1953, and a Hunslet 0-6-0ST Brookes No. 1, built in 1941. Other stock consisted of a British Railways Mark 1 bogie coach, an oil tank wagon and a goods brake van. Both locomotives have gone on to enjoy useful lives on preserved lines, but the coach and wagons were cut up on site.
One of the major features of the station was the Bailey Mill, located adjacent to the station building. The mill had been derelict since ceasing production in 1996. Evidence of the railway line still existed in front of the mill. The mill was gutted by fire in 2016 and was subsequently demolished. A 16-year-old boy was arrested on suspicion of arson.
# Daniel Richter (artist)

Daniel Richter (born 1962) is a German artist. He is based in Berlin, and was previously active in Hamburg. He is known for large-scale oil paintings.

## Life and work

Daniel Richter was born in 1962 in Eutin, West Germany. Richter attended Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg from 1991 to 1995. Between 1992 and 1996 he studied with Werner Büttner, one of the protagonists, along with Martin Kippenberger, of the revival of expressive trends in painting during the 1980s, and worked as assistant to Albert Oehlen.
Between 2004 and 2006 he served as Professor for Painting at the Universität der Künste, Berlin. Since 2006, he has been Professor of Fine Arts at Akademie der bildenden Künste, Vienna.
Richter's early work was abstract and colorful, described as, "psychedelic – somewhere between graffiti and intricate ornamentation". Since 2002, he has painted large-scale scenes filled with figures, often inspired by reproductions from newspapers or history books.
He was previously married to theatre director Angela Richter, together they have a son. In 2019, he founded the publishing Company PAMPAM Publishing with his current wife, Viennese photographer Hanna Putz.

## Stage design

Working for the Salzburg Festival, Richter created the stage design for two stages: for Bluebeard's Castle (2008) and for Lulu (2010). In 2010, Richter designed a series of stage sets for the Salzburg Opera's production of Lulu in conjunction with his solo museum exhibition at the Rupertinum Museum of Modern Art, Salzburg, Austria.

## Awards

* 1998 Otto-Dix-Award, Gera
* 2001 Award for Young Art, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
* 2002 Preis der Nationalgalerie, Hamburger Bahnhof, Berlin, Germany
* 2009 Kunstpreis Finkenwerder, Hamburg, Germany
# Donkey Punch the Night

Donkey Punch the Night is the third EP by American alternative rock band Puscifer. It was released on February 19, 2013, via Puscifer Entertainment.

## Background

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 62% |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Consequence of Sound | |
| AllMusic | |
| Artistdirect | |
| Emusic | |
| Exclaim! | 7/10 |
Donkey Punch the Night is the follow-up to Puscifer's 2011 album, Conditions of My Parole, and features two new tracks ("Breathe" and "Dear Brother") as well as two covers, "Bohemian Rhapsody" by Queen and "Balls to the Wall" by Accept. Also included are remixes of the new tracks and of one cover.
The EP was released on February 19, 2013, in digital and CD formats, with a vinyl format later released on March 12, 2013. The EP was announced, along with the track listing and a set of Australian tour dates. The EP features some of the same line-up as Conditions of My Parole, including Keenan on vocals, Carina Round on vocals and guitar, Mat Mitchell on bass, guitar and programming, Juliette Commagere on additional vocals, Josh Eustis on guitar and piano, Matt McJunkins on bass and Jeff Friedl on drums and percussion, as well as guest musicians Zac Rae on piano, Josh Morreau on bass and Claire Acey on vocals. Artists included for the remixes include Drumcell, SONOIO, Jonathan Bates, and DJ Silent Servant.

## Track listing

Source:

## Personnel

* Maynard James Keenan – lead vocals
* Carina Round – additional vocals, guitar
* Mat Mitchell – bass, guitar, programming
* Josh Eustis – guitar, piano
* Matt McJunkins – bass
* Juliette Commagere – additional vocals
* Jeff Friedl – drums, percussion
* Zac Rae – piano
* Josh Morreau – bass
* Claire Acey – vocals
# Hammer Stradivarius

The Hammer Stradivarius is an antique violin made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari (1644–1737) of Cremona. The back measures 36 cm, bearing the label inside: "Antonius Stradivarius Cremonensis/Faciebat Anno 1707". Dating from 1707, it was made during Stradivari's 'golden' period.
It is named after Christian Hammer, a 19th-century Swedish collector who is its first recorded owner. The violin made its way to the United States in 1911 with violinist and teacher Bernard Sinsheimer. In 1992, it was acquired by a Japanese oil company in an estate sale. The Hammer was on loan to violinist Kyoko Takezawa, who performed with it for the next twelve years.
On 16 May 2006, The Hammer made news when it was sold at Christie's auction to an anonymous bidder for US$3.54 million, with a pre-auction estimated value of US$1.5 million to 2.5 million.
# Margaret Higgins

Margaret Higgins may refer to:
* Margaret Higgins (murderer) (1843–1884), Irish serial killer
* Margaret Louise Higgins (known as Margaret Sanger; 1879–1966), American birth control activist
# Stanhopea shuttleworthii

Stanhopea shuttleworthii is a species of orchid endemic to Colombia (Tolima).
# Save the Hill Grove Cats

Deleted image removed: [[Image:Hillgrovecat.jpg|thumb|200px|A cat from Hill Grove Farm in [[Witney]], [[Oxfordshire]] in 1997. <ref&#x3E;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZS9DMam53H8 "Save The Hill Grove Cats Campaign"], Screenshot from video, ''[[YouTube]]''.</ref&#x3E; ]] Save the Hill Grove Cats was a British animal rights campaign set up in 1997 with the aim of closing Hill Grove Farm near Witney in Oxfordshire. The farm, owned by Christopher Brown, was the last commercial breeder of cats for laboratories in the United Kingdom. Eight hundred cats were removed by the RSPCA on August 10, 1999, when Brown announced his decision to retire after a controversial two-year campaign.

## Background

Hill Grove was one of 3,326 designated establishments for breeding and animal experimentation in the UK; 1,124 cats were used in experiments in the UK in 1998.
At least 350 people were arrested and 21 jailed for public order offences over the course of the campaign. Policing costs rose to £2.8m and a five-mile exclusion zone was put in place around the farm.
The closure of the farm was regarded as highly significant in the UK, as an example of what is viewed — both by animal rights activists and by the British government — as the increasing influence and determination of the animal rights movement. The same group of activists chose as its next target Huntingdon Life Sciences, a contract animal-testing company in Cambridge, England, and New Jersey in the U.S., forming Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty, a campaign that has since become international.

## Controversy

The campaign was controversial, and included acts and threats of violence against Christopher Brown. In 1993, he suffered burns to his face and stomach when a letter bomb exploded. In 1998, he was sent a hoax bomb by the "Provisional ALF," together with a warning that a real one would follow. The threats were condemned by the Save the Hill Grove Cats campaign. A spokesperson, Heather James, told reporters: "We can't condone this. We are against violence towards animals and people."
In December 1998, Christopher Brown was added to a list of people involved in animal testing who would be assassinated by the Animal Rights Militia if Barry Horne, an animal rights activist on hunger strike, should die.
There were also allegations of violence against the activists. Protesters alleged that farm workers had poisoned them with an organophosphate pesticide spray. Environmental health officers confirmed that they found "substantial amounts" of dimethoate, described by the Independent as a potentially lethal pesticide, on a roadside verge where protesters often stood. Sixteen activists complained of nausea, sore throats, headaches, and difficulty breathing. Christopher Brown said that he had not sprayed the verge and that his farm did not use dimethoate.