OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gatteville Lighthouse

Phare de Gatteville, also known as Pointe de Barfleur Light, is an active lighthouse near Gatteville-le-Phare at the tip of Barfleur, Manche department, in the Normandy region of France. At a height of 247 feet (75 m) it is the third tallest "traditional lighthouse" in the world.

## History

Strong currents and many shipwrecks at the tip of Barfleur, the most famous of which being the White Ship, necessitated building a lighthouse at the location. In 1774 a cylindrical 25 metres (82 ft) granite lighthouse with a stone rectangular main building were built. The lighthouse was topped with a coal fire. It was first lit on November 1, 1775, and was originally called Phare de Barfleur (Barfleur Lighthouse).
In September 1780 the lantern was replaced with 16 oil lamps with a fire glazed glass lantern and Tourtille-Sangrain reflectors.
In 1825 an upgrade of the lens was planned, requiring raising the tower an additional 32 metres (105 ft), but the building proved not to be wide enough. Thus, the architect Charles-Félix Morice de la Rue drew plans for the tallest lighthouse in the world for that time. It was built 60 metres (200 ft) from the old lighthouse. Building took place from 1829 to 1835 and the light was first lit on April 1, 1835. The smaller tower's lantern was removed, and it was turned into a semaphore. It remains on site.
Vegetable oil was used until 1873, when it was replaced by mineral oil. On May 20, 1891, the name of the lighthouse was changed to Phare de Gatteville (Gatteville Lighthouse). On January 17, 1893, the lantern was replaced with an electric lantern.
Sautter-Harle mercury bearings were installed in 1903.
In 1944 the lighthouse was liberated without major damage and quickly returned to operation. In 1948 it was connected to the electrical network.
The lighthouse remained open to the public until 1996, when it was closed for renovation. It reopened July 5, 1997, as a lighthouse museum.

## Structure and light

The tower is cylindrical with a gallery and a lantern. It is 25 metres (82 ft) in diameter at the base and 6 metres (20 ft) at the bridge. It is attached to a 2-story keeper's complex which forms a U-shape around the base of the tower. Visitors can climb 365 stairs to reach the gallery.
The current light is a 1600 watt xenon lamp. One lamp is lit on clear days and two on bad weather.

## Appearance in media

The 1981 film Diva by Jean-Jacques Beineix was partially shot at the lighthouse.
# Gaugler

Gaugler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eduard Gaugler (1928–2014), German researcher
* Sarah Gaugler, Filipino-American tattoo artist, visual artist, designer, illustrator, model, actress, and musician
* Yves Gaugler (born 1969), German footballer
# Gary Lynagh

Gary Joseph James Lynagh OAM (born 4 June 1970) is an eleven time Australian national champion, three time World Champion and Olympian lightweight rower. He represented Australia at every premier international regatta from 1990 to 1998.

## Club and state rowing

Lynagh's senior rowing was from the Commercial Rowing Club in Brisbane. He began contesting national lightweight championship sculling titles at Australian Rowing Championships in 1988 representing Commercial. In 1989 he was in a composite Queensland lightweight eight who won the national title and in 1990 he won two Australian national championships – the lightweight double scull and the quad scull titles. He won the national championship quad in 1991, a single sculls title in 1992, the double scull in 1993 and 1994 and the quad in 1993, 1994 and 1996. In 1996 in a composite Australian selection crew Lynagh also won the national lightweight coxless four title at the Australian Championships.
He raced in the Queensland representative men's lightweight four who contested the Penrith Cup at the Interstate Regatta in 1992, 1995, 1996 and 1998. He contested the heavyweight singles sculls championship – the President's Cup – representing Queensland in 1993 and 1994.

## International representative rowing

Lynagh was first selected to represent Australia at Lake Barrington 1990 in the lightweight Australian quad scull. Lynagh rowed with Bruce Hick and two Tasmanians – Simon Burgess and Stephen Hawkins – to a bronze medal. The following year at Vienna 1991 that same crew won gold and a World Championship title. They rowed through the field and won by 0.23 seconds.
In 1992 Stephen Hawkins was selected in the Olympic heavyweight double scull and so the champion lightweight quad was broken up. At the 1992 lightweight World Championships Lynagh and Hick had success as a double winning the lightweight double scull world championship title . They repeated this feat at Racice 1993.
By Indianapolis 1994 Lynagh and Hick were rowing in the lightweight coxless four with South Australians Andrew Stunnell and James Seppelt. They took the silver medal. Lynagh was back in the quad for Tampere 1995 – he stroked that crew to a sixth placing.
In the 1995 Australia Day Honours Lynagh was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for "service to rowing".
The 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta saw lightweight events introduced to the Olympic regatta for the first time. Lynagh was selected with his longstanding sculling partner Simon Burgess in the lightweight coxless four along with Haimish Karrasch and David Belcher. They made the Olympic final and placed sixth.
Lynagh competed at all four World Rowing Cup events on the international calendar in 1997 and 1998. He was teamed with Anthony Edwards for the 1997 World Rowing Championships in Aiguebelette, stroking their double scull to fifth place. At the 1998 World Rowing Championships in Cologne he raced a double scull with his old partner Bruce Hick and had a disappointing result, finishing second in the repechage and third in the C/D semi-final for an overall 12th placing. This was his last representative appearance for Australia.
# Gaurav Solanki (writer)

Gaurav Solanki (born 7 July, 1986) is an Indian fiction writer, poet, screenwriter and lyricist. He has written songs for Ugly, Daas Dev and Veere Di Wedding. In 2012, he was awarded Jnanpeeth's Navlekhan Puraskar which he refused to accept. He has written much acclaimed film Article 15.

## Early life and education

Gaurav Solanki was born in Meerut (U.P.) and grew up in Sangaria (Rajasthan). He graduated from IIT Roorkee.

## Career

His first break in films was Anurag Kashyap's Ugly (2014) for which he wrote lyrics. Kashyap also bought the rights to his story "Hisar mein Hahakar". Solanki wrote songs for Daas Dev (2018) and Veere Di Wedding (2018). His screenplay Nisaar was selected for Drishyam Films Sundance Institute Screenwriters Lab, 2016. In 2019, he wrote the film Article 15. He also wrote the web series Tandav in 2021.

## Books

Solanki's first short-story collection, Gyrahvin-A ke Ladke, was released at the Jaipur Literature Festival in 2018. It was among the top three Hindi books in the Dainik Jagran Nielsen Bookscan bestseller list in its first quarter.

## Filmography
### Film

| Title | Year | Credited as |
| Ugly | 2014 | Lyricist |
| Daas Dev | 2018 | Lyricist |
| Veere Di Wedding | 2018 | Lyricist |
| Article 15 | 2019 | Writer |

### Television

| Year | Title | Credited as | Platform | Notes |
| 2021 | Tandav | Writer | Amazon Prime Video | |
# Charles Quef

Charles Paul Florimond Quef (1 November 1873, Lille – 2 July 1931, Paris) was a French organist and composer.
He studied at the conservatory in Lille, and later he attended the Paris Conservatory where he studied with Charles-Marie Widor, Louis Vierne and Alexandre Guilmant. From 1895 to 1898, he was organist of the Église Sainte-Marie-des-Batignolles and in 1898, organist of the Saint-Laurent church, Paris. In the same year, he was awarded the First prize for organ at the conservatory. Then he was appointed assistant organist and later, in November 1901, titular organist of the Église de la Ste.-Trinité, Paris, due to resignation of his predecessor Guilmant. He retained this post until his death in 1931.

## Dcography

* 2021 : Organ Works vol. 1 – Acte Préalable AP0491
* 2022 : Organ Works vol. 2 – Acte Préalable AP0535
* 2023 : Organ Works vol. 3 – Acte Préalable AP0555
* 2024 : Organ Works vol. 4 – Acte Préalable AP0570
# Chavannes-les-Grands

Chavannes-les-Grands (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Territoire de Belfort department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in northeastern France.
# Charlie Puleo

Charles Michael Puleo (born February 7, 1955) is a retired Major League Baseball pitcher who played from 1981 to 1989 with the New York Mets, Cincinnati Reds and Atlanta Braves.
Puleo played baseball at Bloomfield High School.
Puleo is probably best remembered for being the pitcher the Mets traded in order to reacquire Tom Seaver before the 1983 season.
# Gawler River

Gawler River may refer to:
* Gawler River (South Australia), a river in South Australia.
* Gawler River, South Australia, a town in South Australia.
* Gawler River (Tasmania), a river in Tasmania.
# Gawler Ranges (disambiguation)

Gawler Ranges is a mountain range in South Australia.
Gawler Ranges may also refer to the following places in South Australia.
* Gawler Ranges National Park, a protected area
* Gawler Ranges, South Australia, a locality
* Gawler Ranges Conservation Park, a protected area
* Gawler Ranges Important Bird Area, a designation associated with the Gawler Ranges National Park.
# Gawler Ranges National Park

Gawler Ranges National Park is a 1,633 km$^2$ (631 sq mi) protected area lying 350 km (217 mi) north-west of Adelaide in the northern Eyre Peninsula of South Australia. It is known for its spectacular rock formations.

## History

The national park originated as the 1,200 km$^2$ (463 sq mi) Paney Station pastoral lease, which was acquired in 2000 by the South Australian Government with assistance from the Australian Government. In 2001 some 420 km$^2$ (162 sq mi) of the adjacent Scrubby Peak Station was acquired and added to the national park.

## Access

The national park is 40 km (25 mi) north of Wudinna, 40 km (25 mi) north-east of Minnipa and is accessible using high ground clearance two wheel drive vehicles via the gravel roads from Kimba, Wudinna or Minnipa.
Camping is permissible and encouraged at several campgrounds. Although some have toilets, there are minimal other facilities and visitors are encouraged to take adequate food, water, fuel and firewood with them.

## Features

Historic sites in the national park include the Old Paney Homestead, the Policemans Point precinct, Stone Dam, and Pondanna Outstation, where agriculture was attempted in the early 20th century. Notable landmarks are Paney Bluff, Mount Allalone, Mount Sturt, Conical Hill and Scrubby Peak. Other scenic sites are Kolay Mirica Falls, the Organ Pipes and Yandinga Gorge.

## Environment

Some 21 rare and endangered animal and plant species including the yellow-footed rock-wallaby can be found in the national park. Another larger mammal is the southern hairy-nosed wombat. Some 140 species of birds have been recorded in the national park. The area covered by the national park has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports populations of the vulnerable malleefowl, the Gawler Ranges subspecies of the short-tailed grasswren, rufous treecreeper, blue-breasted fairy-wren, purple-gaped honeyeater and western yellow robin.
# Gary McCormick

Gary McCormick is a New Zealand poet, radio and television personality, debater and raconteur.
McCormick began writing poetry in 1968. His published volumes are Gypsies (with Jon Benson, 1974), Naked and Nameless (1976), Poems for the Red Engine (1978), Poems by Request (1979), Scarlet Letters (1980), Zephyr (1982) and Lost at Sea (1995). He also wrote Performance—A Guide to the Performing Arts in New Zealand for the Department of Internal Affairs (1979) and the satiric secret diary of Jacques Chirac, Honey, I blew up the Atoll (with Scott Wilson, 1995). He is also a long-time collaborator and friend of Sam Hunt.
At the 1974 local body elections McCormick was elected a member of the Porirua City Council. In 1976 he "went walkabout", according to The Evening Post newspaper, missing three consecutive council meetings and his seat was to be declared vacant forcing the council to hold a by-election to replace him. McCormick said he joined the council "charged with youthful ideology" but found himself unable to shift entrenched attitudes. In his eventual letter of resignation he said he was unwilling to "waste time and energy fighting the tide of reaction, as he had been unable to bring about a single concession towards an alternative or more appropriate way for the future."
Invited to front a television documentary Raglan by the Sea, his offbeat, amusing style won his first television outing the Documentary of the Year award. He went on to present a successful documentary series called Heartland where Gary documented the lives of the locals in small towns across New Zealand. Notable stories included the lovable girl from Wainuiomata, called Chloe Reeves, who became a national sensation overnight, with her tiger slippers and interesting lifestyle. McCormick also featured in advertisements for hardware retailer Mitre 10 during the late 1980s and early 1990s.
In 1990, McCormick hosted the New Zealand Labour Party's election broadcast, interviewing Prime Minister Mike Moore and his wife Yvonne.
In 1997, he was named New Zealand Entertainer of the Year.
In 2001, he appeared on a celebrity special of The Weakest Link.
He has held a variety of other positions - a gardener for Porirua Hospital, a Merry-go-round operator and MCing the Sweetwaters Music Festival.
McCormick left his breakfast radio slot in April 2023 which he had co-hosted on More FM for 18 years in order to take up a new role with newly created station Today FM, however Today FM was abruptly pulled off air before McCormick started. Although his role change was within the same company he had worked for whilst at More FM, McCormick did not receive redundancy because he was listed as an independent contractor.
# Charming Kitty (1799 ship)

Charming Kitty was a ship captured from the Spanish. She first appeared in Great Britain's Protection Lists for whalers in 1799. She conducted four whaling voyages between 1799 and 1808, before becoming a West Indiaman, trading with the Caribbean. She was wrecked in October 1813.

## Whaling voyages

Charming Kitty left Britain on her first whaling voyage 21 March 1799, under the command of John Mather, master, with destination Walvis Bay. Charming Kitty was reported at Walvis Bay in August 1801, with Burn, master. By 19 September 1801, she was at St Helena, and she arrived back at Britain on 6 December.
Captain Thaddeus Luce (or Lewis) sailed Charming Kitty on 16 March 1802, from Britain and bound for Delagoa Bay. She was reported there with other whalers, including Britannia, DuBuc and Resolution, on 8 August.
She left Cape of Good Hope on 12 February 1804, for Britain, and arrived there on 3 April 1804.
In August 1802, the Honourable the Court of Directors of the East India Company announced that they had licensed 19 vessels, Albion, Charming Kitty, and Flirt among them, to sail east of the Cape of Good Hope to engage in whaling in the "Southern Whale Fishery". At the time Charming Kitty was valued at £9,000.
Charming Kitty's third whaling voyage began on 1 July 1804, when she left Britain under the command of George Hedge (or Hodges), master. She was reported to have called at Rio de Janeiro in January 1805, with 40 tons of oil, but with her master and seven crew members dead. Her new master appears to have been "Mitchell". She returned to Rio in December, to refill her water casks. She left St Helena on 7 September, in a convoy under the escort of the 50-gun HMS Antelope, and returned to Britain on 29 October 1806.
Captain Henry King sailed Charming Kitty on her fourth and last whaling voyage. She left Britain on 9 February 1807, bound for Delagoa Bay. She was reported to have been at Delagoa Bay on 1 August, and on 1 September 1807. She sailed out of the Cape of Good Hope on 19 January 1808. She was then reported "feared lost". She arrived in Britain on 12 December 1808, but put into Ramsgate on 15 December 1808, having lost her anchor, cables, and bowsprit.

## Subsequent career

Charming Kitty's entry in Lloyd's Register for 1809 showed an amendment, changing master from H. King to Manning, and her trade from South Seas to Yucatán.
Lloyd's Register for 1810, gave her trade as London-Antigua, her master as Manning, and her owner as Shuttleworth.
Charming Kitty was reported to have been at Havana on 11 June 1812, loading for London.

## Fate

Charming Kitty, Nevin, master, was lost near Bermuda on 20 October 1813. Her crew and part of the cargo were saved. She had been sailing from British Honduras to London.
# Charlotte Caroline Wilhelmine Bachmann

Charlotte Caroline Wilhelmine Bachmann, née Stöwe (2 November 1757 – 19 August 1817) was a German soprano, harpsichordist and composer. She was born in Berlin, the daughter of musician Wilhelm Heinrich Stöwe, and studied singing and harpsichord as a child. At the age of nine, she made her debut in the Liebhaberkonzerte (Amateur Concerts) which had been established by Friedrich Benda, son of Franz Benda. She married Berlin violist Karl Ludwig Bachmann on 20 September 1785.
She was one of twenty founding members of the Berlin Singakademie in 1791, and was instrumental in establishing annual performances of C. H. Graun’s Der Tod Jesu between 1797 and 1806, a tradition that continued at the Berlin court until 1884. She was well regarded as a performer in Berlin. One of her songs was published in Rellstab's Clavier-Magazin in 1787. She died in Berlin.

## Works

Bachman composed songs. Selected works include:
* "Mädchen wenn dein Lächeln winket", 1787
# Gaussian moat

In number theory, the Gaussian moat problem asks whether it is possible to find an infinite sequence of distinct Gaussian prime numbers such that the difference between consecutive numbers in the sequence is bounded. More colorfully, if one imagines the Gaussian primes to be stepping stones in a sea of complex numbers, the question is whether one can walk from the origin to infinity with steps of bounded size, without getting wet. The problem was first posed in 1962 by Basil Gordon (although it has sometimes been erroneously attributed to Paul Erdős) and it remains unsolved.
With the usual prime numbers, such a sequence is impossible: the prime number theorem implies that there are arbitrarily large gaps in the sequence of prime numbers, and there is also an elementary direct proof: for any n, the n − 1 consecutive numbers n! + 2, n! + 3, ..., n! + n are all composite.
The problem of finding a path between two Gaussian primes that minimizes the maximum hop size is an instance of the minimax path problem, and the hop size of an optimal path is equal to the width of the widest moat between the two primes, where a moat may be defined by a partition of the primes into two subsets and its width is the distance between the closest pair that has one element in each subset. Thus, the Gaussian moat problem may be phrased in a different but equivalent form: is there a finite bound on the widths of the moats that have finitely many primes on the side of the origin?
Computational searches have shown that the origin is separated from infinity by a moat of width 6. It is known that, for any positive number k, there exist Gaussian primes whose nearest neighbor is at distance k or larger. In fact, these numbers may be constrained to be on the real axis. For instance, the number 20785207 is surrounded by a moat of width 17. Thus, there definitely exist moats of arbitrarily large width, but these moats do not necessarily separate the origin from infinity.
# Gastrotheca andaquiensis

Gastrotheca andaquiensis, commonly known as the Andes marsupial frog, is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in southern Colombia and Ecuador.

## Description

Gastrotheca andaquiensis is a large member of its genus with a snout–vent length of 77 mm (3 in). The head has a rounded snout, a slightly projecting upper lip, a large pit below each nostril, and bluntly-pointed horn-like appendages above the eyes. The tympani are ovoid and prominent. The body is robust, with granular skin and a mixture of larger and smaller granules. There is a deeply-sunk slit opening in the scapular region of the back leading into a brood pouch. There are spines on the heels and both fingers and toes are equipped with adhesive discs. In general, males are brown and females are green, but there is considerable variation between individuals, and a part-grown male has been observed which was pale green suffused with bronze. The irises are pale green, the tongue and interior of the mouth are blue, and the discs on fingers and toes are jade green.

## Distribution and habitat

Gastrotheca andaquiensis is endemic to Colombia and Ecuador on the eastern foothills of the Andes. It is an arboreal frog occurring in cloud forest in foliage near water where there are trees with plenty of epiphytic growth. Its altitudinal range is between about 1,100 and 2,000 m (3,600 and 6,600 ft).

## Ecology

This species is called a marsupial frog because the female carries the eggs and developing froglets in the pouch on her back. About ten large eggs are laid in a clutch and after fertilisation, the male assists the female to insert them into her pouch. Here they develop directly into juvenile frogs without an intervening tadpole stage, eventually hopping away from their mother.

## Status

This frog has a wide range and is a moderately common species in at least parts of its range. The main threats it faces include habitat loss from livestock grazing and crop cultivation but its range includes a number of protected areas. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern", because any decrease in population size is likely to be at too slow a rate to justify classifying it in a more threatened category.
# Cheechoo

Cheechoo is a Cree language surname. People with this surname include:
* Colin Cheechoo, former guitarist with the band Breach of Trust
* Jonathan Cheechoo, hockey player
* Lloyd Cheechoo, musician featured on the compilation album Native North America, Vol. 1
* Shirley Cheechoo, actress, artist and filmmaker
* Vern Cheechoo, musician
# Chehalem Ridge Nature Park

Chehalem Ridge Nature Park is a 1,260 acres (510 ha) nature park in the Portland metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Oregon. Opened in 2021, the park is owned and operated by Metro, the regional government in the Oregon portion of the metro area. This is despite that the park is located outside the regional government's boundary. The park is named after the Chehalem Mountains, where the park is located. The park is located off Dixon Mill Road, east of Gaston between Oregon Route 47 and Oregon Route 219.

## History

Metro purchased the property for the park in 2008 from Stimson Lumber Company using money from voter approved bonds passed in 1995 and 2006. In 2010, restoration to the former tree farm began with tree thinning and removal of invasive plant species. Construction of park amenities started in 2020, paid for from other bond measures in 2013, 2016, and 2019. Chehalem Ridge opened on December 13, 2021, after $5.2 million in construction.

## Features

Located in southwestern Washington County, there are three streams located in the park. The built environment includes two picnic shelters, 10 mi (16 km) of trails, park benches, restrooms, and parking. The highest point in the park is Iowa Hill, at the end of the Mampal Trail. Flora at the park includes Douglas fir trees, Oregon white oak, Pacific madrone, and western red cedars. Animals include black-tailed deer, bobcats, hermit thrush, coyotes, ruffed grouse, Douglas squirrels, and alligator lizards.
# Chauliognathus deceptus

Chauliognathus deceptus is a species of soldier beetle in the family Cantharidae. It is found in North America.