OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Armstrong

George Armstrong may refer to:

## Politics and law

* George Robert Armstrong (1819–1896), American politician; mayor of Omaha, Nebraska
* George Armstrong (New Zealand politician) (1822–1905), Member of Parliament in Canterbury, New Zealand
* George W. Armstrong (1827–1877), American politician; first state treasurer of Minnesota
* George S. Armstrong (1867–1947), Canadian politician; mayor of Edmonton, Alberta
* George Armstrong (Manitoba politician) (1870–1956), Canadian politician and labour activist
* George C. Armstrong (1872–1950), American newspaper editor, businessman, and Illinois state senator
* George Thomas Armstrong (1881–1941), Canadian politician in Manitoba

## Sports

* George Armstrong (cricketer) (1882–1956), Australian cricketer
* Mule Armstrong (George Isaac Armstrong, 1885–1954), American baseball player
* George Armstrong (baseball) (1924–1993), American baseball player
* George Armstrong (ice hockey) (1930–2021), Canadian ice hockey player
* George Armstrong (footballer) (1944–2000), English football player

## Others

* George Armstrong (physician) (c. 1720–1789), English physician
* George Dod Armstrong (1813–1899), Presbyterian minister and writer
* George Armstrong (engineer) (1822–1901), English railway engineer
* George Frederick Armstrong (1842–1900), English professor of engineering
* George Johnson Armstrong (1902–1941), first British citizen to be executed under the Treachery Act 1940
* George Armstrong (actor) (1962–2023), English actor
* Sir George Carlyon Hughes Armstrong (1836–1907), English journalist and newspaper proprietor
# Geoffrey Stanley Phipps-Hornby

Captain Geoffrey Stanley Phipps-Hornby (15 Dec 1856 – 9 November 1927) was a British Army officer and polo player.
He was born on 15 December 1856 in Little Green, Petersfield, Hampshire, to Captain (later Admiral of the Fleet Sir) Geoffrey Thomas Phipps Hornby and his wife Emily Francis (née Coles), the sister of Captain Cowper Coles. He was the elder brother of Brig.-Gen. Edmund Phipps-Hornby, VC, and Admiral Robert Stewart Phipps-Hornby.
He was educated at Eton and commissioned into the Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort's Own) as a Sub-Lieutenant in 1875. He was promoted to Lieutenant in 1878 and fought in the Second Anglo-Afghan War, being awarded the Afghanistan Medal with the clasp for Ali Masjid. He served in the Mahsud Waziri Expedition of 1881 as Orderly Officer to Brig.-Gen. Gordon. He was promoted to Captain in 1883 and was selected to attend the Staff College, Sandhurst (now the Staff College, Camberley), in 1889, passing out in 1890, but retired from the Army in 1891. He was appointed to the 2nd Battalion, Royal Rifle Reserve Regiment, (a short-lived volunteer Rifle regiment raised during the Boer War) in 1900 and reverted to the Reserve of Officers in 1901.
In 1884, he married Jessie Wilson Gunston, daughter of Thomas Bernard Gunston, partner in a firm of merchants and ship-owners, with whom he had three children (two daughters and a son, Geoffrey Hardinge Phipps-Hornby).
On retiring from the Army, he became joint owner and manager of the Compton Stud, breeding thoroughbreds and hunters, at Sandley House, near Gillingham in Dorset. He later lived in Somerton Erleigh in Somerset and, in addition to horses, bred Guernsey cattle and Dorking chickens.
He was one of the earliest British players of the then-new game of polo, which had been introduced from India by returning Army officers in 1869–70, taking up the game in 1875 and becoming a 4-goal handicap player. He won the Hurlingham Championship Cup with Sussex in 1883, and several other County and Army trophies. He was one of those instrumental in the formation of the Blackmore Vale Polo Club and was President of the County Polo Association in 1905-6. His son, Geoffrey, was an international polo player.
He died in 1927 and is buried in the family plot in St Mary's Church, Compton, West Sussex.
# Geoffrey Stephenson

Geoffrey Stephenson may refer to:
* Geoffrey D. Stephenson, Royal Air Force officer
* Geoffrey H. Stephenson, radar engineer
# Chontio

Chontio (Georgian: ჭონთიო) is a historical village at the Akhmeta District, in Kakheti, part of the historical region of Tusheti, about 50 kilometers from the town of Omalo, Georgia.

## Location

The village is located in the territory of Tusheti National Park.
In the village, there is a castle and a tower. The tower is located on the north side of Chontio, is five stories high, narrows upwards (measures 5.6 x 5.3 m on the ground floor) and dates from the late Middle Ages, while the castle is located on the outskirts from the village and belongs to the 18th century. The building has five floors. The walls of the second and third floors of the castle are full of internal defects. The monument is currently damaged: the upper parts of the walls of the fifth floor have yielded and the floor covering overlaps, most of the building has collapsed.
# George Arthur Padmore

George Arthur Padmore (July 16, 1915 – April 15, 2005) was a Liberian diplomat. From 1956 to 1961 he was Liberian Ambassador to the United States.

## Life

Padmore was born on July 16, 1915, the grandson of General George Stanley Padmore, and the son of James Stanley Padmore and Mary Louise Barclay-Padmore, who had emigrated to Liberia from Barbados. His older sister was Antoinette Tubman. After Padmore's parents died in a canoeing accident on the Saint Paul River, he became the adopted son of the politician Edwin Barclay and his wife Euphemia.
In April 1939 Padmore married Edith Mai Wiles, who would later serve as Liberia's first woman cabinet minister. The couple had five children.
Padmore died at Holy Cross Hospital in Silver Spring, Maryland on April 15, 2005.

## Works

* Memoirs of a Liberian Ambassador. Edwin Mellen Press, 1996.
# Geolycosa

Geolycosa is a genus of wolf spiders first described in 1904.

## Species

As of 2017, it contains 75 species:
* Geolycosa aballicola (Strand, 1906)
* Geolycosa albimarginata (Badcock, 1932)
* Geolycosa appetens Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa ashantica (Strand, 1916)
* Geolycosa atroscopulata Roewer, 1955
* Geolycosa atrosellata Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa bridarollii (Mello-Leitão, 1945)
* Geolycosa buyebalana Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa carli (Reimoser, 1934)
* Geolycosa charitonovi (Mcheidze, 1997)
* Geolycosa conspersa (Thorell, 1877)
* Geolycosa cyrenaica (Simon, 1908)
* Geolycosa diffusa Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa disposita Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa diversa Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa domifex (Hancock, 1899)
* Geolycosa dunini Zyuzin & Logunov, 2000
* Geolycosa egena (L. Koch, 1877)
* Geolycosa escambiensis Wallace, 1942
* Geolycosa excussa (Tullgren, 1905)
* Geolycosa fatifera (Hentz, 1842)
* Geolycosa festina (L. Koch, 1877)
* Geolycosa flavichelis Roewer, 1955
* Geolycosa forsaythi (Dahl, 1908)
* Geolycosa gaerdesi Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa gofensis (Strand, 1906)
* Geolycosa gosoga (Chamberlin, 1925)
* Geolycosa habilis Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa hectoria (Pocock, 1900)
* Geolycosa hubbelli Wallace, 1942
* Geolycosa hyltonscottae (Mello-Leitão, 1941)
* Geolycosa impudica (Mello-Leitão, 1944)
* Geolycosa incertula (Mello-Leitão, 1941)
* Geolycosa infensa (L. Koch, 1877)
* Geolycosa insulata (Mello-Leitão, 1944)
* Geolycosa ituricola (Strand, 1913)
* Geolycosa katekeana Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa kijabica (Strand, 1916)
* Geolycosa lancearia (Mello-Leitão, 1940)
* Geolycosa latifrons Montgomery, 1904
* Geolycosa liberiana Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa lindneri (Karsch, 1879)
* Geolycosa lusingana (Roewer, 1959)
* Geolycosa micanopy Wallace, 1942
* Geolycosa minor (Simon, 1910)
* Geolycosa missouriensis (Banks, 1895)
* Geolycosa natalensis Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa nolotthensis (Simon, 1910)
* Geolycosa nossibeensis (Strand, 1907)
* Geolycosa ornatipes (Bryant, 1935)
* Geolycosa patellonigra Wallace, 1942
* Geolycosa pikei (Marx, 1881)
* Geolycosa rafaelana (Chamberlin, 1928)
* Geolycosa raptatorides (Strand, 1909)
* Geolycosa riograndae Wallace, 1942
* Geolycosa rogersi Wallace, 1942
* Geolycosa rubrotaeniata (Keyserling, 1877)
* Geolycosa rufibarbis (Mello-Leitão, 1947)
* Geolycosa sangilia (Roewer, 1955)
* Geolycosa schulzi (Dahl, 1908)
* Geolycosa sexmaculata Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa shinkuluna Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa suahela (Strand, 1913)
* Geolycosa subvittata (Pocock, 1900)
* Geolycosa tangana (Roewer, 1959)
* Geolycosa ternetzi (Mello-Leitão, 1939)
* Geolycosa timorensis (Thorell, 1881)
* Geolycosa togonia Roewer, 1960
* Geolycosa turricola (Treat, 1880)
* Geolycosa uinticolens (Chamberlin, 1936)
* Geolycosa uruguayaca (Strand, 1909)
* Geolycosa vultuosa (C. L. Koch, 1838)
* Geolycosa wrighti (Emerton, 1912)
* Geolycosa xera McCrone, 1963
* Geolycosa xera archboldi McCrone, 1963
# Chinese Cultural Centre, Vancouver

The Chinese Cultural Centre is a Chinese community centre, museum, and municipal archives facility located in Vancouver Chinatown. It was founded in 1973 and opened to the public in 1980. It houses the Chinese Canadian Military Museum Society on the second floor.
In April 2020, the facility was vandalized with graffiti that is linked to the COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia.
# Chop-church

A chop-church, or church-chopper, was a parson who made a practice of exchanging ecclesiastical benefices. The term is used in an ancient statute as a lawful trade, or occupation.
An example, where the spelling is 'chopchyrche', occurs as the occupation of John Charles of Bishop's Milford, Wiltshire, as a defendant in a plea of debt, for 40/- (forty shillings) brought by John Wyot, merchant of Salisbury.
# Chiodecton xanthonosorediatum

Chiodecton xanthonosorediatum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is native to Brazil, where it occurs in the Atlantic Forest. The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2020 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by the author from Serra da Bodoquena (Mato Grosso do Sul) at an altitude of 460 m (1,510 ft).
Chiodecton xanthonosorediatum is characterized by its thallus and soredia containing lichexanthone and trentepohlioid green algae. The lichen has a crustose, granular thallus with a pale greenish-white hue and an uneven, dull surface. The thallus is up to 0.2 mm thick and surrounded by a thin black prothallus. Its photobiont, Trentepohlia, is an alga with cells measuring up to 10 μm in diameter. The lichen forms low hemispherical soralia, which later merge, and farinose (mealy) soredia cover the entire surface of the soralia. Ascomata and pycnidia have not been observed in this species.
The chemistry of Chiodecton xanthonosorediatum reveals a UV+ (yellow) reaction for the thallus and soredia, while C, P, and K spot tests show no reaction. Thin-layer chromatography analysis detects the presence of lichexanthone, a lichen product found in the cortex. Chiodecton xanthonosorediatum shares similarities with C. complexum, particularly in the structure of the soralia, but its distinguishing feature is the presence of lichexanthone. The only other known species within the genus containing lichexanthone is C. lichexanthonicum.
# Chiodi

Chiodi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alessio Chiodi (born 1973), Italian motorcycle racer
* Giovanni Chiodi (born 1961), Italian politician
* Pietro Chiodi (1915-1970), Italian philosopher and anti-fascist partisan
* Ron Chiodi (born 1974), American snowboarder
* Stefano Chiodi (1956–2009), Italian footballer
# Chiraphos

Chiraphos is a chiral diphosphine employed as a ligand in organometallic chemistry. This bidentate ligand chelates metals via the two phosphine groups. Its name is derived from its description — being both chiral and a phosphine. As a C$_2$-symmetric ligand, chiraphos is available in two enantiomeric forms, S,S and R,R, each with C$_2$ symmetry.

## Preparation

Chiraphos is prepared from S,S or R,R-2,3-butanediol, which are derived from commercially available S,S or R,R-tartaric acid; the technique of using cheaply available enantiopure starting materials is known as chiral pool synthesis. The diol is tosylated and then the ditosylate is treated with lithium diphenylphosphide. The ligand was an important demonstration of how the conformation of the chelate ring can affect asymmetric induction by a metal catalyst. Prior to this work, in most chiral phosphines, e.g., DIPAMP, phosphorus was the stereogenic center.
# Chiraplothrips

Chiraplothrips is a genus of thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae.

## Species

* Chiraplothrips faureanus
* Chiraplothrips graminellus
* Chiraplothrips sudanensis
# Chiraps alloica

Chiraps alloica is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is widely distributed in the Oriental region, from the Himalayas to Indonesia, including Bhutan, Thailand, western Malaysia, Vietnam and Taiwan.
# Chiraps excurvata

Chiraps excurvata is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Vietnam and Liaoning, China.
# Chris Burns (Canadian football)

Chris Burns (born December 12, 1972, in Greenwich, Connecticut) is a former professional Canadian football offensive lineman who played eleven seasons in the Canadian Football League for five different teams. He was named CFL East All-Star in 1999 and 2000, and was a part of one Grey Cup championship team with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in 1999. Burns was an All-American Offensive Tackle college football at Portland State University.
# George Haas Jr.

George Haas Jr. (September 10, 1920 – June 12, 2006) was an American businessman and polo player. He founded the Haas Financial Corporation.

## Biography
### Early life

George Haas Jr. was born on September 10, 1920, in New York City. He attended Brooks School, a private school in North Andover, Massachusetts. He graduated from Yale University, where he won his first polo trophy in 1938.

### Second World War

He joined the United States Army in the Second World War and served as a 2nd Lieutenant in the 6th Armored Division. He was captured by German soldiers and managed to escape six months later. He later received the Silver Star, the Purple Heart and the Air Medal.

### Business

In the 1950s, he worked in industrial sales for The Coca-Cola Company, followed by PepsiCo. In 1960, he founded the Haas Financial Corporation headquartered in New York City. It specialized in beverage industry mergers and acquisitions as well as commercial aviation leases.

### Polo

As a professional polo player, he won the East Coast Open three times, the Monty Waterbury Cup three times and the Arena Sherman Memorial.
He served as President of the Gulfstream Polo Club in Lake Worth, Florida. In 2003, he sold his property near the grounds of the Gulfstream Polo Club, in the midst of controversy about the possible relocation of the club.
As chairman of the United States Polo Association's Safety and International Committees, he improved the safety of polo helmets. He also served on the executive committee of the Federation of International Polo. He served as chairman of the Polo Training Foundation. He served on the board of the Museum of Polo and Hall of Fame and was inducted on February 16, 2002.

### Personal life

He died on June 12, 2006.
# George Brodie (historian)

George Brodie (1786?–1867) was a Scottish lawyer and historian.

## Life

Brodie was born on 6 September 1785 in East Lothian, where his father was a farmer on a large scale, and a contributor to the improvement of Scottish husbandry. Educated at Edinburgh High School and the University of Edinburgh, he became in 1811 a member of the Faculty of Advocates. He seems to have done little at the bar.
He was an ardent whig, and his political creed partly inspired the one work by which he is known, his History of the British Empire. In the Scottish agitation for the first Reform Bill, Brodie presided at a very numerous gathering of the working-men of Edinburgh held on Arthur's Seat in November 1831 against the rejection of the bill by the peers. In 1836 he was appointed historiographer of Scotland, with a salary of £180 a year.
Brodie died in London on 22 January 1867.

## Works

Brodie's major work was History of the British Empire from the accession of Charles the First to the Restoration, with an introduction tracing the progress of society and of the Constitution from the feudal times to the opening of the history, and including a particular examination of Mr. Hume's statements relative to the character of the English government. The 'statements' which Brodie undertook to refute were chiefly those in which David Hume found precedents for the claims of the Stuarts in the action of the Tudor sovereigns. Brodie's history was by far the most elaborate assault on the Stuarts and their apologists, especially Hume and Clarendon, and the most thoroughgoing vindication of the puritans, that had then appeared. It was not of high historical value. It was reviewed in the 'Edinburgh Review' for March 1824, probably by John Allen of Holland House celebrity (see Lord Jeffrey's letter to him in Lord Cockburn's Life of Jeffrey, 2nd ed. 1852, ii. 217). While generally laudatory, the reviewer censured Brodie's indiscriminating partisanship. Guizot has expressed his surprise that so passionate a partisan should have written with so little animation (Preface to the Histoire de la Revolution d'Angleterre, 4th ed. 1860, i. 15). In 1866 appeared a second edition of his History, with the original title slightly expanded into A Constitutional History of the British Empire.
Besides the History, Brodie published an edition of Stair's Institutes of the Law of Scotland, with commentaries and a supplement as to mercantile law. Lord Cockburn says of it and him (Journal, 1874, ii. 113): "His edition of Stair is a deep and difficult legal book. His style is bad, and his method not good.'"
Brodie was also author of a pamphlet entitled Strictures on the Appellate Jurisdiction of the House of Lords, 1856.
# George Henry Hall

George Henry Hall may refer to:
* George Hall, 1st Viscount Hall (1881–1965), British Labour politician
* George Henry Hall (artist) (1825–1913), American still-life and landscape artist
# George Cornelius

George Cornelius may refer to:
* George Cornelius (Secretary), former Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development
* George Cornelius (footballer) (1874–1966), Australian rules footballer
* George Cornelious, bishop of the diocese of Krishna-Godavari of the Church of South India
# Chote

Chote is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Beth Chote (born 1991), New Zealand actress
* David Chote, New Zealand soccer player
* Morville Chote (1924–2023), British javelin thrower
* Robert Chote (born 1968), British economist
# Confederate States peace commission

The Confederate States peace commission was agreed to on February 15, 1861 in a resolution adopted by the newly-formed Confederate Congress that empowered Confederate President-elect Jefferson Davis to appoint a commission of three men to negotiate "friendly relations" with the United States.
On February 25, Davis, the newly-inaugurated Confederate President, chose Martin J. Crawford of Georgia, John Forsyth of Alabama, and Andre B. Roman of Louisiana to serve as commissioners.
On February 27, Davis wrote a letter to US President-elect Abraham Lincoln to introduce the commissioners as representatives of the Confederate States government. The commission was not received by Lincoln.
On March 12, a letter was sent to William H. Seward, US Secretary of State, to introduce the commissioners and to explain their peaceful intent. The commission was not received by Seward.
On March 15, the commission filed a memorandum, which outlined how they had been ignored by Seward and Lincoln. The commissioners had been rejected because their acceptance would have meant recognition of the Confederate States.
# Gionet

Gionet is a surname. It may refer to:
* Alan Gionet, American journalist
* Samantha Leriche-Gionet (born 1985), French Canadian animator, illustrator, and comic strip author
* Simon Gionet, French Canadian film director
# Chevrolet L78

The L78 was a Big-Block engine produced by Chevrolet between 1965 and 1970. Rated at 425 hp (317 kW) for its first year, the rating dropped to 375 hp (280 kW) in subsequent years (although there was no change in power). Between 1966 and 1969 it was the most powerful Regular Production Option engine available in Chevrolet's intermediate line, making it a highly-collectible muscle car engine today.

## History

The second-generation Chevrolet Big-Block engine was introduced at the 1963 Daytona 500 as the Mark II. The block entered production in mid 1965 as the Mark IV 396 cu in (6.5 L) "Turbo-Jet," phasing out the first-generation W-series Big-Block. In its first year the 396 was available as the L78 option in Corvettes and full-sized (Impala, Bel Air, Biscayne) models, and as the L37 in the intermediate (Chevelle) model. These engines differed only in that the L78 had a solid-lifter camshaft, while the L37 had a hydraulic lifter cam shaft.
In 1966 the L78 was available exclusively in the intermediate line. For 1967 the engine was additionally available in Chevrolet's new pony car, the Camaro. The following year the motor became available in the compact Chevy II also.
For the 1970 model year the 396 was bored 0.03 in (0.76 mm), resulting in a 402 cu in (6.6 L) engine. Despite this, the motor was still badged as a 396. 1970 was also the final production year for the L78. Although 1970 LS6 Chevelles are generally more collectible today, 1970 L78 Chevelles are in fact rarer (4,475 units versus 2,144).
Between 1966 and 1969 the L78 was the highest-horsepower engine available in Chevrolet's intermediate line via a Regular Production Option (RPO). Despite this, in 1969 an L72 427 cu in (7.0 L), 425 hp (317 kW) engine could be ordered in an intermediate via a Central Office Production Order (COPO). This option bypassed a rule that existed prior to 1970 wherein intermediate models were restricted to engines with displacements less than 400 cu in (6.6 L). Only 323 of these cars were produced. With the lifting of the restriction in 1970 and the introduction of the 454, the COPO option in Chevelles was discontinued.

## L89

A version of the L78 was also produced with aluminum cylinder heads and sold as RPO L89. This option did not change performance, but reduced engine weight by roughly 75 lb (34 kg). This engine was available from 1968 to 1970.

## Production numbers
### L78

| | Full (Impala, Bel Air, Biscayne) | Intermediate (Chevelle, El Camino) | Compact (Chevy II, Nova) | Pony (Camaro) | Sports (Corvette) |
| 1965 | 1,838 | | | | 2,157 |
| 1966 | | 3,099 | | | |
| 1967 | | 612 | | 1,138* | |
| 1968 | | 4,751 | 667 | 4,575** | |
| 1969 | | 9,486 | 3551 | 4,889 | |
| 1970 | | 2,144 | 1715 | 600 | |
* * 54 of these were converted into L72 Yenko Super Camaros.
* ** 64 of these were converted into L72 Yenko Super Camaros.

### L78/L89

| | Intermediate (Chevelle, El Camino) | Pony (Camaro) |
| 1968 | | 272 |
| 1969 | 400 | 311 |
| 1970 | 18 | |
# Busunya

Busunya is a town in the Bono East Region of Ghana. The town is known for the Busunya High School. The school is a second cycle institution. Busunya also has a health centre.
# Copromorpha smaragdarcha

Copromorpha smaragdarcha is a moth in the Copromorphidae family. It is found in the Philippines (Luzon).