OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Epididymal cyst

Epididymal cyst is a harmless sac in the testicles filled with fluid. The most frequent clinical presentation occurs when a routine physical examination yields an unexpected finding, which is then confirmed by scrotal ultrasonography. Although the exact cause of epididymal cysts is unknown, it is likely a congenital anomaly associated with hormonal imbalances during the embryonic stage of development.

## Signs and symptoms

An epididymal cyst, a benign cystic fluid collection in the scrotum, usually manifests as a painless swelling on top of the testicle and can be inadvertently discovered during a physical examination. The most typical clinical findings are scrotal mass and pain.

## Causes

The exact cause of an epididymal cyst is unknown, but it is most likely a congenital anomaly associated with hormonal imbalances during embryonic life. Previous research has shown a correlation between the development of epididymal cysts and maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting substances like diethylstilbestrol during male fetal development. It has been determined that the causes of epididymal cysts in children are vasal or epididymal obstruction and environmental endocrine disruptors. There has also been a suggestion that the testicular dysgenesis syndrome may include an epididymal cyst.

## Diagnosis

An ultrasound is used to confirm 20–30% of epididymal cysts that are found during a physical examination.

## Treatment

An epididymal cyst usually resolves on its own over time and doesn't need to be surgically removed. Nonetheless, patients who experience excruciating scrotal pain or whose cyst size does not appear to be involute are advised to have their epididymal cysts surgically removed.
# Donacia thalassina

Donacia thalassina is a species of leaf beetle of the subfamily Donaciinae. Distributed in the Palearctic region.
# ITEIAD Sessions

ITEIAD Sessions (In the End it Always Does) is the sixth extended play by English indie pop act The Japanese House (Amber Bain). It contains live versions of songs from her second album In the End It Always Does. It was released 22 November 2023 through Dirty Hit.

## Overview

The EP was announced on Bain's Instagram on 15 November 2023. The album contains live versions of 4 songs from In the End it Always Does, a new version of her song Boyhood as well as a cover of Super Trouper by ABBA.
# Cnemaspis nuicamensis

Cnemaspis nuicamensis, also known as Nui Cam Hill rock gecko, is a species of gecko endemic to southern Vietnam.
# County of Trastámara

The County of Trastámara (Spanish Condado de Trastámara) was a tenancy of the crown in the Kingdom of Galicia in the Middle Ages. Its name comes from the Latin tra(n)s Tamar(is), meaning "beyond [north of] the Tambre", a river which runs through Galicia. It was regularly granted to men of a single family, the House of Traba from the 11th century into the 13th, after which it was often given for life to others, including Alvar Núñez Osorio and the future King Henry II of Castile, whose dynasty is thus known as the House of Trastámara. On 4 February 1445 in San Martín de Valdeiglesias, it was granted as a hereditary possession to Pedro Álvarez Osorio by Juan II of Castile.

## Counts
### House of Traba

* Froila Bermúdez de Traba (d. 1091)
* Pedro Fróilaz de Traba (r. 11251126, d. 1128), son of prec.
* Fernando Pérez de Traba (r. 1132–1145, d. 1155), son of prec.
* Gonzalo Fernández de Traba (r. 1155–1159, d. 1165), son of Fernando Pérez
* Fernando González de Traba (r. 1161–1165, d. 1165), son of prec.
* Bermudo Pérez de Traba (d. 1168), son of Pedro Fróilaz
* Gómez González de Traba (r. 1165–1208, d. c. 1211), son of Gonzalo Fernández
* Rodrigo Gómez de Traba (r. c.1220–c.1260, d. c. 1261), son of prec.

### House of Osorio

* Pedro Álvarez Osorio, I Count of Trastámara;
* Álvaro Pérez Osorio, II Count of Trastámara (I Marquess of Astorga);
* Pedro Álvarez Osorio, III Count of Trastámara;
* Álvaro Pérez Osorio, IV Count of Trastámara;
* Pedro Álvarez Osorio, V Count of Trastámara;
* Álvar Pérez Osorio] VI Count of Trastámara;
* Antonio Pedro Álvarez Osorio, VII Count of Trastámara;
* Alfonso Pérez Osorio Velasco y Herrera, VIII Count of Trastámara;
* Pedro Álvarez Osorio, IX Count of Trastámara;
* Álvar Pérez Osorio, X Count of Trastámara;
* Antonio Pedro Sancho Dávila y Osorio, XI Count of Trastámara;
* Ana Dávila y Osorio, XII Countessa of Trastámara;
* Melchor de Guzmán y Osorio, XIII Count of Trastámara;
* Ana de Guzmán Osorio y Dávila, XIV Countessa of Trastámara;
* Ventura Osorio de Moscoso y Guzmán Dávila y Aragón, XV Count of Trastámara;
* Vicente Joaquín Osorio de Moscoso y Guzmán, XVI Count of Trastámara;
* Vicente Isabel Osorio de Moscoso y Álvarez de Toledo, XVII Count of Trastámara;
* Vicente Pío Osorio de Moscoso y Ponce de León, XVIII Count of Trastámara;
* José María Osorio de Moscoso y Carvajal, XIX Count of Trastámara;
* Francisco de Asís Osorio de Moscoso y de Borbón, XX Count of Trastámara;
* Francisco de Asís Osorio de Moscoso y Jordán de Urríes, XXI Count of Trastámara;
* María del Perpetuo Socorro Osorio de Moscoso y Reynoso, XXII Countess of Trastámara;
* Gonzalo Barón y Gavito, XXIII Count of Trastámara;
* María del Pilar Paloma de Casanova-Cárdenas y Barón, XXIV Countess of Trastámara;
* María de la Blanca Barón y Osorio de Moscoso, XXV Countess of Trastámara;
* Rafael Castellano y Barón, XXVI Count of Trastámara;
* Jaime Castellano y de la Chica, XXVII Count of Trastámara;
# Euclidia tarsalis

Euclidia tarsalis is a moth of the family Erebidae found in Sri Lanka.
# Cooksonia aliciae

Cooksonia aliciae is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Malawi.
# Jinyue Road station

Jinyue Road (Chinese: 金粤路) is a station that is part of Line 14 of the Shanghai Metro. Located at the intersection of Jinyue Road and East Jinxiu Road in Pudong, the station opened with the rest of Line 14 on December 30, 2021.
# Epidendrum frutex

Epidendrum frutex is a high-altitude species of reed-stemmed Epidendrum orchid native to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

## Description

E. frutex Rchb.f. (1855) is closely related to E. frigidum Lind. (1855), growing terrestrially in "open sphagnum uplands". The tall sympodial plants grow from 3/4 to 5 m tall. As is typical of the subgenus E. subg. Epidendrum, the stems are covered from the base with distichous, tubular, leaf-bearing sheaths. The narrow leathery leaves of E. frutex can grow more than 2 dm long. The terminal inflorescence is a distichous (not secund) compound panicle bearing numerous small, fleshy yellow to green to brown flowers. The triangular sepals are no longer than 6 mm. The linear petals are slightly shorter than the sepals. The lip is adnate to the column to its apex, heart-shaped where it diverges from the column, broader than it is long, and not divided into lobes. A linear keel runs down the center of the lip.
This large Epidendrum is notable for producing seed capsules that are more than ten times the size of the flowers.
* Epidendrum frutex — in habitat
* E. frutex — inflorescence
* E. frutex — infruitescence
# Donacia texana

Donacia texana is a species of aquatic leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found across most of eastern North America, from Ontario south to Florida and Texas.
# ITEM club

The ITEM Club is an economic forecasting group based in the United Kingdom. ITEM stands for Independent Treasury Economic Model. It was founded in 1977 to produce quarterly economic UK forecasts, which are often mentioned in the UK news media. It has been sponsored by EY (Ernst & Young), a firm of business and financial advisers, and was officially named The EY ITEM Club in 2012. The ITEM Club is clear in all its materials that it is independent of any political, academic or commercial bias despite corporate sponsorship.
The UK model is used by HM Treasury for its policy analysis and biannual Industry Act forecasts for the Budget. This enables ITEM to explore the implications and unpublished assumptions behind Government forecasts and policy measures. ITEM can test whether Government claims are consistent and can assess which forecasts are credible and which are not.
Martin Beck has been the EY ITEM Club's Senior Economic Advisor since July 2021 replacing Dr Howard Archer who was in role since June 2017. Archer took over from Professor Peter Spencer, one of the UK's most distinguished economists who had held the position since 2001.
# David de Freitas

David de Freitas may refer to:
* David de Freitas (Brazilian footballer) (born 1986), Brazilian football player
* David de Freitas (French footballer) (born 1979), French football player
# Giuseppe Barcella

Giuseppe Barcella (13 June 1926 - 8 February 1992) was an Italian philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1990.
# Cottonia

Cottonia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae: the only known species is Cottonia peduncularis. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. The genus was erected by Robert Wight and named after Major Frederick Cotton, an amateur botanist who served in the Madras Engineer Group and collected the species from Tellichery. A coloured illustration of the plant had been sent to Wight by Thomas C. Jerdon.
This epiphytic orchid has a lip shaped like a hairy bee (as in the well-known Ophrys apifera) giving it the name of bee-orchid but, unlike species in the genus Ophrys, no specific bee pollinator has been identified. It was first described as Vanda peduncularis by Lindley.
# Euclidia limbosa

Euclidia limbosa is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Senegal.
# Etan Boritzer

Etan Boritzer (born 1950) is an American writer of children’s literature who is best known for his book What is God? first published in 1989. His best selling What is? illustrated children's book series on character education and difficult subjects for children is a popular teaching guide for parents, teachers and child-life professionals.
Boritzer gained national critical acclaim after What is God? was published in 1989 although the book has caused controversy from religious fundamentalists for its universalist views. The other current books in the What is? series include: What is Love?, What is Death?, What is Beautiful?, What is Funny?, What is Right?, What is Peace?, What is Money?, What is Dreaming?, What is a Friend?, What is True?, What is a Family?, and What is a Feeling? The series is now also translated into 15 languages.
Boritzer was first published in 1963 at the age of 13 when he wrote an essay in his English class at Wade Junior High School in the Bronx, New York on the assassination of John F. Kennedy. His essay was included in a special anthology by New York City public school children compiled and published by the New York City Department of Education.
Boritzer now lives in Venice, California and maintains his publishing office there also. He has helped numerous other authors to get published through How to Get Your Book Published! programs. Boritzer is also a yoga teacher who teaches regular classes locally and guest-teaches nationally. He is also recognized nationally as an erudite speaker on The Teachings of the Buddha.
# Joan Tomàs (sport shooter)

Joan Tomàs Roca (born 17 February 1951) is an Andorran trap shooter who competed in five Summer Olympics spanning 36 years.
Tomàs started practicing shooting in 1971 and two years later he started to compete in events.
Tomàs was 25 years old when he made his first appearance in the Olympics, when he competed in the mixed trap event at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, where he scored 162 points and finished in 33rd place. At the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics he had his best finishes when he finished in 26th place at both Games, it was 16 years before Tomàs returned to the Olympic scene, when he competed in the trap event at the 2000 Summer Olympics, he went on to finish in 39th place out of 41 shooters, his final Olympic appearance was at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London when aged 61 years old again he competed in the trap event, he finished in 33rd place out of 34 shooters.
Tomàs was also his countries flag bearer at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 2012 Summer Olympics.
As well as his five Olympic appearances he also competed in nine ISSF World Shooting Championships his best finish was 69th in 2003, and 15 ISSF European Shooting Championships where is best finish was 38th in 2000.
He is married with two children, and works in insurance, and shoots for the Mollet Club in Barcelona, his younger brother Esteve Tomàs competed in the giant slalom at the 1976 Winter Olympics.
# Ingram, Wisconsin

Ingram is a village in Rusk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 78 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Ingram is located at 45°30′21″N 90°48′59″W﻿ / ﻿45.50583°N 90.81639°W﻿ / 45.50583; -90.81639 (45.505794, -90.816255).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.99 square miles (2.56 km$^2$), all land.
Ingram is along U.S. Highway 8, Wisconsin Highway 73, and County Road B.

## Demographics
### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 78 people, 32 households, and 21 families living in the village. The population density was 78.8 inhabitants per square mile (30.4/km$^2$). There were 43 housing units at an average density of 43.4 per square mile (16.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 98.7% White and 1.3% Native American.
There were 32 households, of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 12.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.4% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.05.
The median age in the village was 36 years. 32.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23% were from 25 to 44; 19.2% were from 45 to 64; and 20.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

### 2000 census

At the 2000 census, there were 76 people, 32 households and 20 families living in the village. The population density was 76.6 per square mile (29.6/km$^2$). There were 38 housing units at an average density of 38.3 per square mile (14.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White.
There were 32 households, of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.10.
Age distribution was 27.6% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.7 males.
The median household income was $29,375, and the median family income was $28,750. Males had a median income of $29,375 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,868. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.
# Don Orehek

Don Orehek (August 9, 1928 – December 6, 2022) was an American freelance cartoonist who contributed gag cartoons to a wide variety of newspapers, magazines and books. On more obscure publications, he used several pseudonyms, including Sam de Sade, Di Benvenuto and Kobasa.
Born in Brooklyn, New York, Orehek attended the School of Industrial Art, spent four years in the Navy and then studied cartooning and illustration at the School of Visual Arts.
The Oreheks lived in Port Washington, New York on Long Island. They also lived in Renton, Washington.
His work appeared in Adam, Army Laughs, The Christian Science Monitor, Cosmopolitan, Cracked, Good Housekeeping, Ladies' Home Journal, Look, Modern Maturity, Playboy, The Saturday Evening Post and other publications, including one-shot magazines and specialized cartoon magazines, such as Prize Cartoons.
Orehek died on December 6, 2022.

## Syndication

Orehek was a major contributor to the McNaught Syndicate's This Funny World single-panel series, and he also drew many cartoons for King Features' Laff-A-Day.

## Books

He has illustrated more than 30 paperback humor and joke books, beginning with Bob Vlasic's 101 Pickle Jokes in 1974. This was followed by The Official Name Callers' Book, The Laugh-a-Minute Joke Book (1989) and many more. His work has been reprinted in numerous cartoon collections, such as Sam Gross' Movies Movies Movies (Harper & Row. 1989).
Based on 28 years of recorded sales, Orehek and his wife Suzanne calculated that he had sold over 12,000 cartoons during his lengthy career:
    Our estimate is 12,000 +. Hard to believe, isn't it? Our basis for this number is a written record of sales from August 1966 (when wife Suzy started working for Don) through December 1994. This record is a simple list of sales on three-hole notebook paper. It is 253 pages with 25 lines per page. That's 6,325 sales. Add to that multiple-drawings in sales to magazines like Cracked, about 30 drawings for each of 32 joke books, and the other 32 years before and after the list, and--well--we stopped counting at 12,000.

## Awards

He is a four-time winner of the National Cartoonists Society's Gag Cartoon Award (1972, 1982, 1984, 1985), and he received awards twice at Montreal's Man and His World exhibition.
His interest in caricatures was solidified in 1966 with a trip to Vietnam under the auspices of the National Cartoonists Society and the U.S. Department of Defense. Shortly after returning, Orehek and his fellow cartoonists were invited to the White House where they were personally thanked by President Lyndon Johnson for entertaining American and Vietnamese troops.
# Ed Woll

Ed Woll (1914-2010) was an American engineer who developed the first modern gas turbine engines for General Electric.
Woll led development of the T58, T64, and T700 turboshaft engines. Woll also led the F404, F101, F110 turbofan military engines, and GE27, and CFM56 civilian engines.

## Early life

In 1946 Woll worked at the Power Plant Laboratory at Wright-Patterson Field in Dayton, Ohio and Edwards Air Force Base in California.
Woll developed the afterburner for the J35 engine, later developing the J47 variable afterburner.

## GE career

Woll led the General Electric T58 and T64 helicopter and turboprop engine programs starting in 1953 with innovations such as corrosion-resistant high-temperature coatings.
Woll was a lead in developing the J85, CJ610, and CF700 engines which enabled lightweight jet fighters, such as the Northrop F-5, Northrop T-38 trainers, and early business jets like the LearJet and Fanjet Falcon. Woll resisted the urge to consolidate GE engineering, saving the GE's Lynn (MA) River Works from shutdown.
In 1964, Woll led development of the 14,300 lbf (64 kN) thrust GE15 (later YJ101) which evolved into the F404 used in the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet and other aircraft.
Woll later led the F101X, evolving (via the "Great Engine War") into the F110 used to re-engine the F-14, F-15, and F-16.
Championing customer service and support, Woll retired in 1979 after developing the CF6, and CFM56 with Snecma.
# Giuseppe Barberi

Giuseppe Barberi (1746-1809) was an Italian architect, though he first trained as a silversmith.

## Legacy

His work is held in several museums, including the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, the Morgan Library & Museum, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
# Cowgill

Cowgill may refer to:

## Placenames

* Cowgill, Cumbria, England
* Cowgill, Missouri, United States
* Cowgill Hall

## Surname

* Anthony Cowgill (1915–2009), British army officer and researcher
* Bryan Cowgill (1927–2008), British television executive
* Calvin Cowgill (1819–1903), politician
* Collin Cowgill (born 1986), American baseball player
* Darian Cowgill (born 1972), American mix engineer, mastering engineer, and record producer
* George Cowgill (1929–2018), American anthropologist and archaeologist
* Jack Cowgill (born 1997), English footballer
* James Cowgill (1848–1922), politician
* Joseph Cowgill (1860–1936), English prelate of the Roman Catholic Church
* Joseph W. Cowgill (1908–1986), politician
* Makenna Cowgill (born 1998), American child actress
* Peter Cowgill (born 1953), British businessman
* Ursula Cowgill (1927–2015), American biologist
* Warren Cowgill (1929–1985), American linguist
# Euphorbia schinzii

Euphorbia schinzii is a perennial Southern African, dwarf flowering plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is found on rocky slopes, growing among rocks. Variable in form, it occurs in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Mozambique and Malawi, at an altitude between 100 and 1500 meters. The genus Euphorbia is large, with over 2000 species of extremely diverse size and appearance, and with a global distribution.
Euphorbia schinzii is a dwarf and leafless, spiny, succulent plant, forming a tuberous rootstock at or just below ground level, with numerous erect 8–10 mm diameter branches that are somewhat woody growing to a height of 10–15 cm, and usually 3-angled with paired spines. Spines occur in 2 pairs to each tooth - one minute pair at the base of the tooth, another much longer pair at the apex, diverging, dark brown or grey. Vestigial leaves are dropped early and are rarely seen. Spine-shields are narrow, dark brown and do not form a continuous horny margin.
Bright yellow, glabrous flowers or cyathia some 3mm in diameter appear in threes on short cymes near the upper end of branches. They have 5 glands and 5 broadly obovate fringed lobes. The ovary is sessile and included in the involucre. Styles are shortly united at the base, and minutely bifid at the apex. The capsule is sessile and partly exserted, about 3mm in diam., and 3-lobed as seen from above. Capsules explode with some force when ripe during the first spring rain, dispersing the seeds. This species is pollinated by insects such as flies, bees and wasps.
Powder made from the dried roots is rubbed into cuts on the breasts as a galactagogue.
The species was first described in Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier 6: 739 of 1898 and commemorates the Swiss botanist Hans Schinz.