OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Corotation circle

The corotation circle is the circle around the galactic center of a spiral galaxy, where the stars move at the same speed as the spiral arms. The radius of this circle is called the corotation radius. Inside the circle the stars move faster and outside they move slower than the spiral arms.
The Sun is located near the corotation circle of the Milky Way.

## Influence of dark matter

The corotation circle can be used to probe dark matter in a galaxy. In barred spiral galaxies, such as the Milky Way, the stars in the bar rotate faster than the stars in the spiral arms, as they are closer to the centre of the galaxy. Calculations have shown that sufficiently massive dark matter haloes slow the rotation, causing the corotation radius to be greater than 1.4 times the length of the bar.
Most measurements have found that the corotation radius is always less than 1.4 times the bar length, leading to the conclusion that dark matter does not significantly influence galactic rotation.
However, a 2017 study found that the arms of galaxies rotate more slowly than previously thought, implying that dark matter does sometimes influence the rotation of a galaxy even when the corotation radius is less than 1.4 times the bar length.
# Group Portrait (Jordaens)

Group Portrait is a c. 1650, titled Allegorical Family Portrait by the Hermitage Museum, is an oil on canvas painting by the Flemish artist Jacob Jordaens (1593-1678). It entered the collection of the Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia in 1774. This allegorical group portrait is of betrothal or marriage scene with Cupid, the god of love, pointing an arrow at the chest of the young woman in the center.

## Description

It shows four figures symbolising married love. The seated woman holds a parrot on her left hand and a floral crown (symbolic of marriage) in her right hand. A small Cupid touches the woman on the breast with his arrow while she rests her head on the breast of the man behind her. To the right a young woman runs another floral crown down her arm. Both women wear pearl bracelets.
# Corrente River (Rio do Peixe tributary)

The Corrente River is a river of Minas Gerais state in southeastern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Rio do Peixe.
# Copperfield, Calgary

Copperfield is a neighbourhood in the southeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. The neighbourhood is bounded by 52nd St. to the west, Stoney Trail to the south, and the neighbourhood of New Brighton to the north.
It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 12 councillor.
Copperfield had a population of 7,162 in 2011.

## History

The community of Copperfield was launched in 2002 by Hopewell Residential Communities. Since that time the Copperfield community has grown to include approximately 4000 homes, including 2800 single family homes upon completion in 2006 over a 4-year period.

## Demographics

In the City of Calgary's 2012 municipal census, Copperfield had a population of 7,834 living in 3,043 dwellings, a 9.4% increase from its 2011 population of 7,162. With a land area of 4.4 km$^2$ (1.7 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,780/km$^2$ (4,610/sq mi) in 2012.
# Cossaye

Cossaye is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.

## Demographics

On 1 January 2019, the estimated population was 706.
# Guanoxabenz

Guanoxabenz is a metabolite of guanabenz.
# Corona Symphony Orchestra

Corona Symphony Orchestra (CSO) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit orchestra based in Corona, California.
CSO was formed in 2008 by executive board member Don Kindred. CSO is currently directed by Marco A. Mejia, a founding member. CSO performs at civic events and participates in music education through the Corona Symphony Conservatory.
CSO is a member of the Association of California Symphony Orchestras (ACSO) and Arts Alive.
# Guandu River (Espírito Santo)

The Guandu River is a river of Espírito Santo state in eastern Brazil.
# Corticopontine fibers

Corticopontine fibers are projections from layer V of the cerebral cortex to the pontine nuclei of the ventral pons. They represent the first link in a cortico-cerebello-cortical pathway mediating neocerebellar control of the motor cortex. The pathway is especially important for voluntary movements.
Depending upon the lobe of origin, they can be classified as frontopontine fibers, parietopontine fibers, temporopontine fibers or occipitopontine fibers. Fibers from the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe are more numerous.

## Anatomy
### Origin

All corticopontine fibers arise from pyramidal neurons in layer V of the cerebral cortex. They include fibers of the premotor, somatosensory, extrastriate, posterior parietal, and cingulate cortices; there are also a few fibers originating from the prefrontal, temporal, and striate cortex.
The corticopontine system contains a number of fibers from different areas of the cortex, and are far more numerous in total than the corticospinal fibers. Corticopontine fibers include:
* Frontopontine fibers that arise from the frontal lobe and are found in the medial third of the crus cerebri
* Parietopontine fibers that arise from the parietal lobe and found in the lateral part of the crus cerebri
* Occipitopontine fibers that arise from the occipital lobe and found in the lateral part of the crus cerebri
* Temporopontine fibers arising from the temporal lobe are also found in the lateral part of the cerebral crus

### Course

All the fibers from the corticopontine system terminate in the pontine nuclei. The fibers descend through the sublenticular and retrolenticular of internal capsule, then traverse the midbrain through the basis pedunculi (i.e. ventral part of cerebral peduncle) to reach the pontine nuclei and synapse with neurons that give rise to pontocerebellar fibers.
As the corticopontine fibres descend in the cerebral peduncle, those from the prefrontal regions are situated most medially; those from premotor and motor cortices are situated in the middle third of the peduncle, and fibers from the parietal, temporal and occipital regions that travel to the pons are in the lateral third of the cerebral peduncle.
Two fiber bundles, an anterior and a posterior bundle relate the cortex to the cerebellum. The anterior bundle, is of frontopontine fibers, particularly from Brodmann areas 4 and 6 and is known as Arnold's bundle. The posterior bundle is of the corticopontine fibers comprising the parietopontine, temporopontine, and occipitopontine fibers, and is known as Türck's bundle.
# Guatemala Open

The Guatemala Open or Abierto de Guatemala is a golf tournament that was on the schedules of the Tour de las Américas and Challenge Tour between 2003 and 2007. It was held at the Hacienda Nueva Country Club in Guatemala City.

## Winners

| Year | Tours | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner-up |
| Abierto Telefónica de Guatemala |||||||
| 2007 | CHA, TLA | Jamie Donaldson | 265 | −23 | 1 stroke | Emilio Domínguez |
| Abierto Movistar Guatemala Open |||||||
| 2006 | CHA, TLA | Miguel Ángel Carballo | 273 | −15 | Playoff | Gustavo Rojas |
| Abierto Telefónica Moviles de Guatemala |||||||
| 2005 | CHA, TLA | César Monasterio | 269 | −19 | Playoff | David Higgins |
| Abierto Telefónica |||||||
| 2004 | CHA, TLA | Daniel Vancsik (2) | 272 | −16 | 2 strokes | Marco Ruiz |
| Telefónica Centro America Abierto de Guatemala |||||||
| 2003 | CHA, TLA | Daniel Vancsik | 274 | −10 | Playoff | Juan Abbate |
| Tikal Trophy Guatemala Open |||||||
| 2002 | TLA | Sebastián Fernández | 278 | −10 | 3 strokes | Pablo Del Grosso |
# Guatemala Stove Project

The Guatemala Stove Project (GSP), is a registered Canadian charity (#871977617 RR0001) that raises funds and provides volunteers for the building of masonry cookstoves in Guatemala's Altiplano (Western Highlands).
The Guatemala Stove Project works in partnership with CEDEC (Centro De Estudios Para El Desarrollo Y La Cooperacion), a non profit indigenous group from Quetzaltenango (Xela) Guatemala. CEDEC and the Guatemala Stove Project work with local women's groups to identify the families who are in need of a stove.
Since 1999 the Guatemala Stove Project has built over 7000 stoves.
# Counterfeit illegal drug selling

Selling counterfeit illegal drugs is a crime in many U.S. states' legal codes and in the federal law of the United States. The fake drugs are sometimes termed as imitation controlled substances.

## Relation to drug-related crimes

There is a low chance of law punishing fraud among illicit drug traders, however it is likely that informal social control among drug traders reduces the likelihood of fraud between illegal trade partners. For instance, getting robbed or losing a business contact may not justify dealer's increased profits for a short-term from fraudulent behavior.

## Legal status

Selling counterfeit illicit drugs is illegal even if the substances used to make the imitation drug are not illegal on themselves. It is illegal to distribute or sell counterfeit fake drugs in many U.S. states including Nevada, Ohio, Illinois, Florida, Michigan and Massachusetts.

### U.S. Federal Law

Selling counterfeit illicit drugs is illegal under the U.S. federal law. Relevant parts of the U.S. federal law include 21 U.S.C. Section 331 and 18 U.S. Code § 1001.
21 U.S.C. Section 331 makes it illegal to sell an adulterated or misbranded drug in interstate commerce.
18 U.S. Code § 1001 bans
* falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact;
* making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or representation; or
* making or using any false writing or document knowing that it contains materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statements.

## Deaths
### Europe
#### Amsterdam

On 25 November 2014 two British tourists aged 20 and 21 died in a hotel room in Amsterdam, after snorting white heroin that was sold as cocaine by a street dealer. The bodies were found less than a month after another British tourist died in similar circumstances. At least 17 other people have had medical treatment after taking the white heroin.

#### Sweden

Nine deaths occurred in Sweden during 2010–11 relating to use of Krypton, a mixture of kratom, caffeine and O-desmethyltramadol, a metabolite of the opioid analgesic tramadol.
# Cossack (1813 Quebec ship)

Cossack was launched in Quebec in 1813 and then moved her registry to the United Kingdom. She made one voyage to the East Indies under a license from the British East India Company. She was damaged December 1823 and probably condemned.

## Career

A letter dated 1 February 1814 to the registry in Quebec reported that Cossack's registry had been transferred to the United Kingdom. However, Cossack did not appear in Lloyd's Register (LR) until the 1815 volume.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1815 | G.Threw | G.J.Parker | London–Charleston | LR |
| 1816 | G.Threw J.Rodgers | G.J.Parker | London–Charleston | LR |
In 1813 the EIC had lost its monopoly on the trade between India and Britain. British ships were then free to sail to India or the Indian Ocean under a license from the EIC.
On 24 August 1817 Captain S.M'Peath sailed Cossack for Bombay, sailing under a license from the EIC. At the time her owners were J. Bell & Co. She arrived back in the Downs on 23 March 1819 from Mauritius and St Helena. She had reached Batavia, but had not stopped in India.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source & notes |
| 1818 | M'Beath | Reed & Co. | London–CGH | LR |
| 1820 | M'Beath | Reed & Co. | London–New York | LR |
| 1822 | M'Beath R.Craig | Bell & Co. | Liverpool–New Orleans | LR |
| 1823 | R.Craig | Bell & Co. | Liverpool–Derry | LR |
| 1824 | Thompson | Buchanan | Bristol–New York | Register of Shipping; damages repaired 1821 |

## Fate

On 19 or 24 December 1823 Cossack, Thompson, master, was driven ashore at Sandy Hook. Cossack had been refloated and towed in to New York City by 29 December. She had a cargo of 300 tons of iron, 1000 boxes of tin, etc. Lighters came and removed part of the cargo and her mail. She was from Bristol and consigned to the British Consul. The initial report was that she had not bilged and might be gotten off. Cossack had been refloated and towed in to New York City by 29 December. Lloyd's List reported that she had received material damage as some of her timbers were broken. It was with great difficulty that she was kept afloat as she was taken into New York, in part because of her cargo of iron.
Cossack was last listed in the Register of Shipping in 1824. LR carried her for a few more years but with data unchanged from 1823.

## Citations

* 1 2 Library and Archives Canada – Ship Registrations 1787-1966: Item: 13491: COSSACK.
* 1 2 Marcil (1995), p. 368.
* 1 2 LR (1815), Supple. pages "C", Seq.No.C34.
* ↑ Hackman (2001), p. 265.
* ↑ Hackman (2001), p. 247.
* ↑ LR (1818), "Licensed and Country Ships".
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 5875. 23 January 1824. hdl:2027/uc1.c2735034.
* ↑ "AMERICAN PAPERS", 28 January 1824, Morning Chronicle (1801) (London, England) Issue: 17091.
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 5876. 27 January 1824. hdl:2027/uc1.c2735034.
# David Wellington

David Wellington may refer to:
* David Wellington (author) (born 1971), American author
* David Wellington (director) (born 1963), Canadian film director
* David Wellington (Homeland), fictional character
# Cuchavira

Cuchavira or Cuchaviva is the rainbow deity, protector of working women and the sick in the religion of the Muisca. The Muisca and their confederation were one of the advanced civilizations of the Americas and in the fertile intermontane valley that forms the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the Andes rain and sun were both very important for their agriculture. Moreover, in those days the Bogotá savanna consisted of various swamps and floodings were regular.

## Description

Cuchavira, who was called "shining air", appeared before the Muisca when Bochica, the messenger of the supreme being Chiminigagua was sent to the plains of the Muisca. Also when rain god Chibchacum was angry, he sent heavy rains to the flatlands, causing the rivers to flood, destroying the agriculture and the houses (bohíos) of the Muisca. When the rains were over and the Sun was shining again, causing Cuchavira to appear, the people offered low-grade gold or gold-copper alloys (tumbaga), marine snails and small emeralds to thank him.

## Gallery

* Bogotá
* Monguí
* La Capilla
* Guatavita
* Tunja
# Fournaise

Fournaise (fr. "furnace", "blaze" or "bonfire") may refer to:
* Piton de la Fournaise, a volcano on the island of Reunion
* Maison Fournaise, a restaurant and museum near Paris
# Eastern dwarf mulga snake

The eastern dwarf mulga snake (Pseudechis pailsei), also known commonly as the eastern pygmy mulga snake and the false king brown snake, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species, which is native to Australia, was genetically confirmed as a distinct species in 2017.

## Taxonomy

The eastern dwarf mulga snake was originally described in 1998 as Pailsus pailsei by Raymond Hoser. Wolfgang Wüster identified that its specific name should be spelt pailsi under taxonomic rules in 2001. However, according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Article 32.5.1) the original spelling should still be used, even though it is an incorrect latinisation.

## Etymology

The specific name, pailsi, is in honour of Australian reptile breeder Roy Pails (born 1956).

## Geographic range

P. pailsi is found in northern Queensland, Australia.

## Description

P. pailsi may attain a total length (including tail) of 107 cm (42 in).
# Gilles Filleau des Billettes

Gilles Filleau des Billettes (1634 - 15 August 1720) was a scholar, member of the Académie des Sciences who corresponded with Leibniz. His personal copy of one of Leibniz's mathematical papers was rediscovered in 1956.

## Biography

Gilles was born at Poitiers in 1634 into a Calvinist family, the youngest son of Nicolas Filleau des Billettes and his wife, Françoise Béliard, who was described by Louis Moréri as being from one of the most noble houses in the region. He moved with his brothers to Paris, where he lived most of his life. He formed part of the Bignon Commission which worked towards the establishment of the Descriptions of the Arts and Trades.
He married twice, but the name of only one wife is known: Françoise Sicard, who died on 24 April 1671 in Poitiers.
His brother, François Filleau de St Martin, was famous for making the first French translation of Don Quixote.
Gilles had one more brother, Jean Filleau de la Chaise, and sisters Françoise (who married Jean de la Lande, "seigneur de Lavau"), Marie, and possibly Catherine (who married John Chabusant).

## Sources

* Louis Moréri, Le grand dictionaire historique
* Jean Mesnard, Pascal et les Roannez, Volume 2
* Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle, Éloges des académiciens de l'Académie royale des sciences, morts depuis l'an 1699, Volume 2, Paris, Chez les Libraires associés, 1766
* Transactions of the Huguenot Society of South Carolina, Issues 33-39
* Jeanne Leroy-Fournier, “Les Origines poitevines de l’écrivain protestant Samuel Chappuzeau”, Bulletin de la société des antiquaires de l’Ouest et des musées de Poitiers (1976), 13, ser. 4, pp. 121–132
* Pierre Louis Manuel, L'année françoise ou vies des hommes qui ont honoré la France, pour tous les jours de l'année, Volume 3, Paris, Chez Nyon, 1789
# C36H44N4O8

The molecular formula C$_{36}$H$_{44}$N$_4$O$_8$ (molar mass: 660.75 g/mol, exact mass: 660.315914 u) may refer to:
* Coproporphyrinogen I
* Coproporphyrinogen III
# Clarke Point

Clarke Point, also known as Shad Cam, is a geographic cape extending into Otsego Lake in Otsego County in the U.S. State of New York. It is located in the Town of Springfield, north of the Village of Cooperstown and south of the Hamlet of Springfield Center. Clarke Point makes up the southern tip of Mount Wellington and marks the northern edge of Hyde Bay. It can be accessed via Hyde Hall or by boat.

## History

The name Shad Cam had been named so by the Cooper Family. It was named after a fisherman of Scottish descent who at this point said to the Coopers, "Why, boys, in those days the shad cam up to that point."
# Große Isar

Große Isar may refer to two different branches of the river Isar in Bavaria, Germany:
* Große Isar (Munich), in the town of Munich
* Große Isar (Landshut), in the town of Landshut
# Crown of Fire

Crown of Fire is a 1994 fantasy novel by Ed Greenwood. It is the second novel in Greenwood's book series, Shandril's Saga, and takes place in the Forgotten Realms setting based on the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game.

## Plot summary

Shandril, who has risen from being a humble kitchen maid to being one of the most powerful magic users in the Realms, is now hunted by enemies who want to acquire her Spellfire ability. With her allies, Elminster, the Knights of Myth Drannor, and her lover Narn, she must face the dark magicians of Zhentarim and a group known as the Cult of the Dragon.

## Reception

One reviewer described it as "better than its predecessor, but not by much. Arguably stronger writing, more focus in the storytelling and the narrative doesn't drift as much."

## Reviews

* Kliatt
# He Dan Jia

He Dan Jia (Chinese: 河亶甲) or Jian Jia (Chinese: 戔甲), personal name Zi Zheng, was a Shang dynasty King of China.

## Records

In the Records of the Grand Historian he was listed by Sima Qian as the twelfth Shang king, succeeding his father Wai Ren. He was enthroned in the year of Gengshen (Chinese: 庚申) with Ao (隞) as his capital. In the first year of his reign, he moved his capital to Xiang (Chinese: 相). In the third year of his reign, his Minister Pengbo (Chinese: 彭伯) conquered Pi (Chinese: 邳) who had rebelled against his father. In the fourth year of his reign he launched another attack against the Blue Barbarians. In the fifth year of his reign the Xian (Chinese: 侁人) occupied Banfang (Chinese: 班方) but were later defeated by the king's ministers Pengbo and Weibo (Chinese: 韦伯) and sent an envoy to the Shang. He ruled for 9 years before his death. He was given the posthumous name He Dan Jia and was succeeded by his son Zu Yi.
Oracle script inscriptions on bones unearthed at Yinxu alternatively record that he was the eleventh Shang king, given the posthumous name Jian Jia (Chinese: 戔甲) and succeeded by his brother Zu Yi.
# H320

H320 can refer to:
* H.320, a suite of video conferencing protocols
* H.320 - America's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009
* IRiver H320, a member of the H300 series of media players
* Brilliance H320, compact car produced by Brilliance Auto
# Francesc Areny Casal

Francesc Areny Casal is an Andorran politician. He was General Syndic (President) of the General Council of Andorra between 1997 and 2005.
# Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !

"Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !" is a French 2008 song. It was the soundtrack of the 2008 motion picture comedy Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis and was recorded by Ch'ti DJ, a French DJ. It achieved success in France.

## Song information

It was written by Krista Cappan, Fabrice Nyiri and Joël Guidon and was released on March 13, 2008 in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais, then the whole of France in April, under Nord-Way Productions label.
It was a surprise hit in France, probably through the film success: it entered the SNEP singles chart at number nine on 5 April 2008, with 2,475 sales, then jumped directly to number one, selling 7,643 units this week, then dropped slowly, totaling nine weeks in the top ten, 23 weeks in the top 50 and 38 weeks on the chart. In Belgium (Wallonia), the song debuted on the chart on 24 May 2008, peaked at number seven in its fourth week and remained on the chart for 12 weeks.
Ch'ti DJ toured in France to promote his song, particularly devoted to the discothèques. The song is characterized by minimal lyrics with phrases taken from the film, and house and rap sonorities inspired by tecktonik. The song was generally well received by the media, although the commercial aspect of the single was deemed obvious. It was also stated by Ozap that the song was "a little opportunist".

## Track listings
### CD single

* "Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !" (Ch'ti edit radio) — 3:29
* "Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !" (Ch'ti jump tonic mix) — 5:37
* "Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !" (video)

### Digital download

* "Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !" (Ch'ti edit radio) — 3:36
* "Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !" — 3:11
* "Hé, biloute ! Monte l'son ! Hein !" (Ch'ti dub edit) — 3:16