OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 136th Civil Engineer Squadron

The 136th Civil Engineer Squadron (136 CES) is a unit of the 136th Airlift Wing, Texas Air National Guard, Texas Military Forces stationed at Naval Air Station Fort Worth Joint Reserve Base, Fort Worth, Texas. If activated to federal service, the Squadron is gained by the United States Air Force Air Mobility Command.

## Lineage

* Constituted as 136th Civil Engineering Flight on 1 October 1969
* Assignment to National Guard Bureau on 1 October 1969
* Extended Federal Recognition on 1 November 1969
* Assigned to Texas Air National Guard on 1 November 1969
* Assigned to 136th Tactical Airlift Wing on 1 November 1969
* Stationed at Naval Air Station Dallas, Hensley Field on 1 November 1969
* Re-Designated as 136th Civil Engineering Squadron on 1 July 1985
* Assigned to Air Combat Command on 1 October 1993
* Re-Designated as 136th Civil Engineer Squadron on 1 March 1994
* Assigned to Air Mobility Command on 1 April 1997
* Stationed at Naval Air Station Fort Worth Joint Reserve Base on 27 April 1999

## Decorations

* Air Force Outstanding Unit Award
* 1972 (1 May 1969 – 30 Apr 1977) (136ARW)
* 1985 (1 Jan 1980 – 1 Aug 1982) (136CEF)
* 1985 (1 Jan 1983 – 31 Dec 1984) (136AW)
* 1991 (1 Sep 1989 – 1 Jun 1991) (136AW)
* 2009 (1 Oct 2006 – 30 Sep 2008) (136CES)
* 2015 (1 Oct 2012 – 30 Sep 2014) (136AW)
* Texas Governor's Unit Citation
# Cottondale, Alabama

Cottondale is a census-designated place in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, United States, now encompassed in the eastern suburbs of Tuscaloosa. The ZIP Code is 35453. Alternative spellings include Cotton Dale, Kennedale, Kennidale and Konnidale.
Cottondale was the site of cotton mills where the Knights of Labor had some success in organizing drives in the late 1880s; and where "Mother" Jones worked in 1904 while studying conditions for working women and children in the South.
   Little girls and boys, barefooted, walked up and down between the endless rows of spindles, reaching thin little hands into the machinery to repair snapped threads.... Tiny babies of six years old with faces of sixty did an eight-hour shift for ten cents a day.... The machines, built in the north, were built low for the hands of little children.
Cottondale was originally called Kennedale in honor of Joseph Kennedy, one of the owners of a local cotton mill. In 1876, the name was changed to Cottondale for the cotton mill.

## Demographics

Cottondale first appeared as a CDP in the 2020 census.

### 2020 census

Cottondale CDP, Alabama – Racial and Ethnic Composition (NH = Non-Hispanic) Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2020 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 1,609 | 51.41% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 1,049 | 33.51% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 9 | 0.29% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 15 | 0.48% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 2 | 0.06% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 8 | 0.26% |
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 122 | 3.90% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 316 | 10.10% |
| Total | 3,130 | 100.00% |
# China News Analysis

China News Analysis was a newsletter analyzing Chinese political and social trends. The newsletter was founded at the University of Hong Kong in 1953 by Rev. László Ladány, who served as its only editor from 1953 to 1982. According to Ladány, it was "the only English newsletter about China based on Chinese sources," published "with the purpose of serving all those who want to follow events inside China."
It was published weekly until 1979, and thereafter became bi-weekly. Following Ladány's retirement as editor, there was a brief lapse in publication until January 1984, when the newsletter continued under a new editorial team. The newsletter relocated to Taiwan in 1994, and continued publishing until December 1998.
Simon Leys described the journal as "compulsory reading for all those who wished to be informed of Chinese political developments—scholars, journalists, diplomats." Its value, he wrote, was that all information and analysis was drawn from Chinese official sources.
# Eduardo Maria Taussig

Eduardo Maria Taussig (born July 4, 1954) is an Argentinian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the bishop of San Rafael from 2004 to 2022.

## Biography

Eduardo Maria Taussig was born in Buenos Aires on 9 July 1954. His family immigrated to Argentina from Bohemia, now the Czech Republic. After attending the Colegio San Pablo in Buenos Aires, he studied philosophy at the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA) and theology at the Buenos Aires seminary. He was ordained to the priesthood on 3 December 1982 by Cardenal Juan Carlos Aramburu. He continued his studies, earning a philosophy degree at UCA and then a doctorate in theology at the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas in 1990.
Returning to Buenos Aires, he was Parish Vicar in San José del Talar, professor of philosophy and theology at UCA, chaplain of a university residence hall, and advisor of the Fundar Association and of the Consortium of Catholic Odontologists. In 2002 he was appointed parish priest of San Luca and director of the diocesan office of university pastoral service.
On 21 July 2004, Pope John Paul II appointed him bishop of San Rafael. Taussig received his episcopal consecration on 25 September from Jorge Mario Bergoglio, archbishop of Buenos Aires, later Pope Francis. He was installed as bishop on 11 October. He was viewed as a relatively conservative bishop, friendly with Archbishop Hector Aguer, for example, Pope Francis' "nemesis" when he was archbishop of Buenos Aires.
In July 2020, as a safety measure to restrict the spread of the COVID-19 virus, he instituted a rule that Holy Communion be received in the hand rather than on the tongue. When the priests and laity of the diocese protested this, Taussig identified the seminary, the largest in Argentina, as the center of opposition to his authority and closed it. In October he asked people not to join marches protesting the seminary closure. In November, Taussig faced protests during a pastoral visit where he attempted to explain his decision to close the seminary.
Pope Francis accepted his resignation as bishop of San Rafael on 5 February 2022.
# Boghos

Boghos is an Armenian given name equivalent to Paul. In Eastern Armenian it is translated as Poghos. Notable people with the name include:
* Andon Boghos Çelebi (1604–1674), Armenian merchant magnate, Ottoman and Tuscan official
* Boghos Nubar
* Boghos Yousefian
* Steven Boghos Derounian
* Boghos Lévon Zékiyan

## Other uses

* Sourp Boghos chapel, Nicosia
# Erik Sjöberg

Erik Sjöberg may refer to:
* Erik Sjöberg (poet)
* Erik Sjöberg (historian)
# Estela Perlas-Bernabe

Estela Marcelino Perlas-Bernabe (born May 14, 1952) is a former associate justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines, serving from 2011 to 2022. She was the third appointee to the Supreme Court by President Benigno Aquino III on September 16, 2011.

## Background

Estela Perlas-Bernabe was born in Plaridel, Bulacan. She earned her Bachelor of Science in Commerce degree, major in Banking and Finance magna cum laude at St. Paul College of Manila and earned her law degree from the Ateneo de Manila Law School graduating as Class Salutatorian in 1976. She passed the Philippine Bar examination in 1977 with a bar rating of 85.156%.

## Early judicial posts

Perlas-Bernabe has served the Judiciary as Regional Trial Court Judge of Makati from January 2000 to March 2004, Metropolitan Trial Court Judge of the same City from March 1996 to January 2000, and as Technical Assistant in the Office of the Court Administrator, Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1977 to 1979. She also worked in various private and government offices, namely, as Legal Assistant, Legal Department of China Banking Corporation (1979–1980); Senior Manager, Legal Department of Paramount Finance Corp. (1980–1987); Legal Manager and Corporate Secretary/ Legal Consultant of the National Home Mortgage and Finance Corp. (1990–1993); and Senior Partner of Bernabe Perlas Morte and Associates (1993–1996).

## Supreme Court of the Philippines

Bernabe was the third appointee of President Benigno Aquino III to the Supreme Court of the Philippines as an associate justice on September 16, 2011. She replaced Conchita Carpio Morales, who retired from the Court on June 19, 2011, and later assumed the position of Ombudsman of the Philippines.
# 1909–10 Trinity Blue and White men's basketball team

The 1909–10 Trinity Blue and White's basketball team represented Trinity College (later renamed Duke University) during the 1909–10 men's college basketball season. The head coach was Wilbur Wade Card and the team finished with an overall record of 4–4

## Schedule

| Date time, TV | Opponent | Result | Record | Site city, state |
| * | Guilford | L 8–25 | 0–1 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| * | Charlotte AC | W 14–13 | 1–1 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| * | Charlotte AC | L 12–17 | 1–2 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| * | Statesville YMCA | W 12–8 | 2–2 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| * | Furman | W 85–5 | 3–2 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| * | Wake Forest | L 18–26 | 3–3 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| * | Columbus YMCA | L 15–34 | 3–4 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| * | Portsmouth YMCA | W 46–18 | 4–4 | The Ark Durham, NC |
| *Non-conference game. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. |||||
# Bellafonte

Bellafonte or Belafonte is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Harry Belafonte (1927–2023), American singer, songwriter, activist, and actor
* Jorel Bellafonte (born 1995), Caymanian former track athlete, and current footballer
* Malena Belafonte, model, singer, entrepreneur
* Shari Belafonte (born 1954), American actress, model, singer, daughter of Harry Belafonte

## Fictional characters

* Amy Bellafonte, fictional character from The Passage novel series
# Brian Colbey

Brian Colbey is a former Australian rules footballer who played 210 games with Glenelg in the SANFL from 1966 to 1976.
Half back Brian Colbey played for Glenelg during a strong period for the club which saw them consistently contest the finals. He was a member of Glenelg's 1973 premiership, where they defeated North Adelaide in the Grand Final. A tough and uncompromising player, Colbey was also a regular South Australian interstate representative, taking the field for his state on 11 occasions. These included games at the 1969 Adelaide Carnival where he was selected in the All-Australian team as well as games at the 1972 Perth Carnival and 1975 Knockout Carnival.
# Big River, New Zealand

Big River is an abandoned mining town in the Buller District of New Zealand. It can he reached on foot, by mountain bike or along an old dray road by 4WD. It is located between Reefton and Waiuta on the Big River.
# Boghouse Castle

Boghouse Castle, was a 14th-century castle, constructed near Crawfordjohn, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The castle was known to be ruinous by the early 19th century and is now the site of a farm, with no remains visible.

## Citations

* ↑ Coventry 2008, p. 89.
# Ervenik Zlatarski, Zlatar

Ervenik Zlatarski is a village in Croatia.
# Ethan O'Connor

Ethan O'Connor (born March 5, 1991) is a Canadian professional lacrosse player for the Buffalo Bandits of the National Lacrosse League and the Six Nations Chiefs of Major Series Lacrosse. Born in Milton, Ontario, O'Connor began his minor lacrosse career playing for the Milton Mavericks. He was drafted in the Ontario Junior A Lacrosse Draft to the Burlington Chiefs where was named a two time team captain and earned First Team All League honors for his final season. During his junior career, O'Connor also played for the Oakville Buzz and Halton Hills Bulldogs of the OLA Junior B Lacrosse League. O'Connor was drafted in the first round of the 2013 NLL Entry Draft by the Toronto Rock, playing in all but one game his rookie season. After one season with the Rock, he was traded to the Minnesota Swarm (now Georgia Swarm) where he was a contributing member of their 2017 NLL Championship winning team. Prior to the 2018-19 season, O'Connor was traded to his current team, the Bandits. O'Connor also played division one lacrosse for Hobart College.
# Electro-kinetic road ramp

The electro-kinetic road ramp is a method of generating electricity by harnessing the kinetic energy of automobiles that drive over the ramp. In June 2009, one of the devices was installed in the car park at a Sainsbury's supermarket in Gloucester, United Kingdom, where it provides enough electricity to run all of the store's cash registers. The ramp was invented by Peter Hughes, an electrical and mechanical engineer who is employed by Highway Energy Systems Ltd. The company says that under normal traffic conditions, the apparatus will produce 30 kW of electricity. Other proposed applications for the road ramps include powering street and traffic lights, heating roads in the winter to prevent ice from forming and ventilating tunnels to reduce pollution.
The idea was dismissed as Talk of 'kinetic energy plates' is a total waste of energy in the Guardian by David MacKay, a professor of natural philosophy in the Department of Physics at the University of Cambridge. MacKay wrote, "The savings from parking at the green car park thus amount to one four-thousandth of the energy used by the trip to the supermarket."
# Cooper Park drill hall, Elgin

The Cooper Park drill hall is a former military installation in Elgin, Scotland.

## History

The building was designed as the headquarters of the 6th (Morayshire) Battalion, the Seaforth Highlanders and was completed in 1908. The battalion was mobilised at the drill hall in August 1914 before being deployed to the Western Front.
After the Second World War, the battalion amalgamated with 5th (Caithness and Sutherland) Battalion and 7th (Morayshire) Battalion to form 11th Battalion, The Seaforth Highlanders (Ross-shire Buffs, The Duke of Albany's), with B Company of the 11th Battalion based at the Cooper Park drill hall. The 11th Battalion then amalgamated with the 4th/5th Battalion, The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders to form the home defence battalion of the Queen's Own Highlanders (Seaforth and Camerons) in 1967.
The home defence battalion of the Queen's Own Highlanders (Seaforth and Camerons) was in turn absorbed into the 51st Highland Volunteers in 1969 with a rifle platoon of C (Queen's Own Highlanders) Company, 2nd Battalion, 51st Highland Volunteers still based at Cooper Park. The 51st Highland Volunteers split into two battalions in 1971 with the headquarters of the 2nd Battalion located at Cooper Park. The 2nd Battalion was re-designated the 3rd (Volunteer) Battalion, The Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons) with headquarters still at Cooper Park in 1995. Following the Strategic Defence Review in 1998, the presence at Cooper Park was reduced to a single rifle platoon of B (Highlanders) Company, the 51st Highlanders Regiment. The building was subsequently decommissioned and now forms part of Elgin Library.
# Brezna

Brezna may refer to:

## Czech Republic

* Březná, a river

## Serbia

* Brezna, Priboj
* Brezna, Kraljevo
* Brezna, Gornji Milanovac
# Coxcatlán Municipality

Coxcatlán Municipality may refer to:
* Coxcatlán Municipality, Puebla
* Coxcatlán Municipality, San Luis Potosí
# Big River (Grey)

The Big River is a river in the Grey District, in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island. It is a tributary of the Grey River.
# Edward H. Knight

Edward Henry Knight (1 June 1824, London - 22 January 1883, Bellefontaine, Ohio) was a United States mechanical expert.

## Biography

He was educated at the Friends' school in England. He studied surgery, engraving, mechanics, and civil engineering, and emigrated to the United States in 1845. He settled in Cincinnati, where he became a patent lawyer for several years, and then worked at agricultural pursuits.
In 1863, he accepted a position in the United States Patent Office in Washington, D.C., to work on the preparation of the annual reports. He also acting as surgeon under the United States Christian Commission. The meagre reports that were then issued at governmental expense for gratuitous distribution by the Patent Office were replaced by him in 1871 by the Official Gazette of the United States Patent-Office, which was issued as a profitable weekly publication. He also organized the classification of inventions.
He was a member of the international juries at the World's Fairs in Philadelphia and Atlanta, was United States commissioner to the World's Fair in Paris in 1878, and was made a chevalier of the Legion of Honor by the French government in recognition for his services at the last-named fair. He edited the Reports of the Paris Exposition, to which he contributed chapters on “Agricultural Implements” and “Clocks and Watches.” Besides many official reports, he wrote the American Mechanical Dictionary (3 vol., 1876), the New Mechanical Dictionary (Boston, 1884), and “A Study of the Savage Weapons at the Centennial Exhibition” (in the Smithsonian Institution's Annual Report for 1879, p. 213, Washington, 1880). He compiled A Library of Poetry and Song (New York, 1870; revised ed., 1876).
He received the degree of LL.D. in 1876 from Iowa Wesleyan College. His brain was found to weigh 64 ounces, being the second largest on record, that of Cuvier weighing 64½ ounces.
# Cloeon languidum

Cloeon languidum is a species of small minnow mayfly in the family Baetidae.
# Ethmia fumidella

Ethmia fumidella is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It can be found in Spain, Portugal, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Greece, Turkey and on Crete.

## Subspecies

* Ethmia fumidella fumidella (Austria, Hungary, Romania, Greece, Turkey, Crete)
* Ethmia fumidella turcica de Lattin, 1963 (Asia Minor)
* Ethmia fumidella delattini Agenjo, 1964 (Spain, Portugal)
# Brullioles

Brullioles (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France.
# Electro-absorption modulator

An electro-absorption modulator (EAM) is a semiconductor device which can be used for modulating the intensity of a laser beam via an electric voltage. Its principle of operation is based on the Franz–Keldysh effect, i.e., a change in the absorption spectrum caused by an applied electric field, which changes the bandgap energy (thus the photon energy of an absorption edge) but usually does not involve the excitation of carriers by the electric field.
For modulators in telecommunications, small size and modulation voltages are desired. The EAM is candidate for use in external modulation links in telecommunications. These modulators can be realized using either bulk semiconductor materials or materials with multiple quantum dots or wells.
Most EAMs are made in the form of a waveguide with electrodes for applying an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the modulated light beam. For achieving a high extinction ratio, one usually exploits the Quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) in a quantum well structure.
Compared with an Electro-optic modulator (EOM), an EAM can operate with much lower voltages (a few volts instead of ten volts or more). They can be operated at very high speed; a modulation bandwidth of tens of gigahertz can be achieved, which makes these devices useful for optical fiber communication. A convenient feature is that an EAM can be integrated with distributed feedback laser diode on a single chip to form a data transmitter in the form of a photonic integrated circuit. Compared with direct modulation of the laser diode, a higher bandwidth and reduced chirp can be obtained.
Semiconductor quantum well EAM is widely used to modulate near-infrared (NIR) radiation at frequencies below 0.1 THz. Here, the NIR absorption of undoped quantum well was modulated by strong electric field with frequencies between 1.5 and 3.9 THz. The THz field coupled two excited states (excitons) of the quantum wells, as manifested by a new THz frequency-and power- dependent NIR absorption line. The THz field generated a coherent quantum superposition of an absorbing and a nonabsorbing exciton. This quantum coherence may yield new applications for quantum well modulators in optical communications.
Recently, advances in crystal growth have triggered the study of self organized quantum dots. Since the EAM requires small size and low modulation voltages, possibility of obtaining quantum dots with enhanced electro-absorption coefficients makes them attractive for such application.
# 173 BC

Year 173 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Albinus and Laenas (or, less frequently, year 581 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 173 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Egypt

* Ptolemy VI Philometor marries his sister, Cleopatra II.

#### Roman Republic

* Dedication of the Temple of Fortuna Equestris.

#### Seleucid Empire

* Antiochus IV pays the remainder of the war indemnity that has been imposed by the Romans on Antiochus III in the Treaty of Apamea (188 BC).

## Births

* Antiochus V Eupator, ruler of the Seleucid Empire from 164 BC (d. 162 BC)
* Wang Zhi, Chinese empress of the Han dynasty (d. 126 BC)

## Deaths

* Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, Roman consul and general
# Courchamps, Maine-et-Loire

Courchamps (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.
# Eric Thompson (cricketer)

Eric Thompson (6 October 1938 – 4 September 1992) was a Scottish cricketer. He played in sixteen first-class matches between 1965 and 1974. He was one of only two cricketers to represent Scotland who were born on the Orkney Islands. In May 2019, he was inducted into Cricket Scotland's Hall of Fame.
# Edward Seymour, 9th Duke of Somerset

Edward Seymour, 9th Duke of Somerset, etc. (2 January 1717 – 2 January 1792) was the eldest son of Edward Seymour, 8th Duke of Somerset and his wife, the former Mary Webb. He was also a baronet.
He was baptized on 27 January 1717 at Easton in Wiltshire. He succeeded his father as Duke of Somerset on 12 December 1757. He was named a Privy Councillor by George II and in 1783 was awarded an annual pension, which along with his financial management and reclusiveness contributed to the growth of his fortune.
He died on his 75th birthday, unmarried and childless, and was interred on 11 January 1792 at Maiden Bradley, near Warminster, Wiltshire. His titles passed to his brother Webb Seymour.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Edward Seymour, 9th Duke of Somerset :
# Bobota

Bobota may refer to:
* Bobota, Sălaj, a village in Sălaj County, Romania
* Bobota, Croatia, a village near Trpinja, Vukovar-Syrmia County, Croatia
* Bobota Canal, a canal in Croatia
# Chlidoniopsidae

Chlidoniopsidae is a family of bryozoans belonging to the order Cheilostomatida.
Genera:
# Estourmel

Estourmel (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Estourmel | The arms of Estourmel are blazoned : Gules, a cross indented argent. (Estourmel and Steenwerck use the same arms.) |

## Places of interest

It used to be well known by the families of the Cambrai area for its petting zoo, Le Parc d'Estourmel, which opened in 1967 and closed in 2013 ; it was located in the center of the village. It covered 6 hectares.