OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Drybridge railway station

Drybridge railway station was a railway station serving the village of Drybridge, North Ayrshire, Scotland.

## History

The station was opened on 6 July 1812 by the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway. The Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway took over management of the station on 16 July 1846, while its successor, the Glasgow and South Western Railway, took over full ownership in 1899. The station closed on 3 March 1969.
The station named 'Drybridge' in Moray was renamed 'Letterfourie' by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway who had acquired both stations.
Today Drybridge station has its platforms intact (although overgrown), and the station building is now a private residence. The line is still open as the 'Burns Line', part of the Glasgow South Western Line.
The village of 'Drybridge' is so named after the fact that most bridges up until the era of the railways were built over watercourses and were therefore 'wet bridges'; a name applied to the nearby Laigh Milton Viaduct.
Visible from the station is the only surviving standing stone on the mainland in North Ayrshire.
# Drybrook Halt railway station

Drybrook Halt railway station served the village of Drybrook, Gloucestershire, England, from 1907 to 1930 on the Mitcheldean Road & Forest of Dean Junction Railway.

## History

The station was opened on 4 November 1907 by the Great Western Railway. It closed on 7 July 1930.
# Drybridge

Drybridge is a small village in North Ayrshire, Scotland. Drybridge is thus named because of the "dry bridge" over the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway, opened in 1812. The nearby "wet bridge" is the Laigh Milton Viaduct, the oldest surviving railway bridge in Scotland and possibly the world.

## Standing stone

The standing stone at Stane Field (NS 359 364), Drybridge, is the only one recorded for this local authority area. It stands close to the old railway station. This standing stone is on level ground in a field of young crop at about 20 m OD. It has a maximum height of 2.6 m, and as stated, is roughly square with a girth of about 4.0 m and a maximum width of 1.3 m. A perforated stone axe head was found nearby. In this area are a cursus, henge, several sites of flint flake deposits and a twin concentric circle structure.

## Facilities

The small school stood near the Shewalton East Lodge. It belonged to trustees, but was offered for use by Captain Boyle of Shewalton. The school at Dundonald was overcrowded and the school is opened in 1879 after considerable alterations with Mr. McKissock and Miss Miller as teachers. The school has been demolished having been used as a pallet store for many years.
Shewalton had a 'Mission Station' in 1837, probably at Drybridge and the mother church was Dundonald.
Drybridge is a very basic village with few facilities.a village hall, post box, phone box and recycling facilities. There used to be a school/church here, which spent many years as a pallet makers workshop and store before recently being replaced by houses. The scrap-yard in the old station goods yard is now closed (2008).
The railway which the "dry bridge" carried still exists and is still in use; Drybridge station has been converted into housing. Although the platforms survive, trains no longer stop at Drybridge station.

## Micro-history

Shewalton House stood nearby, demolished between the wars and an industrial estate built on part of the estate.
# Drums of Death (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Drums of Death is an album recorded by DJ Spooky and Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo. The album is primarily instrumental, although some tracks include rap vocals. Guest artists on the album include Public Enemy's Chuck D who does reworkings of several Public Enemy tracks, Dälek, and Living Colour guitarist Vernon Reid. The album is produced by Meat Beat Manifesto's Jack Dangers and Vernon Reid amongst others.
Drums of Death is distributed by the Thirsty Ear label.

## Track listing

* "Universal Time Signal"
* "Brother's Gonna Work It Out"
* "Quantum Cyborg Drum Machine"
* "Guitar DJ Tool Element"
* "Metatron"
* "Assisted Suicide"
* "Kultur Krieg"
* "Sounds From Planet X"
* "The B-Side Wins Again"
* "Incipit Zarathustra"
* "A Darker Shade of Bleak"
* "The Art of War"
* "Terra Nullius (Cyborg Rebellion on Colony Planet Zyklon 15)"
* "Public Enemy #1"
* "Obscure Disorder (Ghost Hacked!!!)"
* "Particle Storm"

## Personnel

* Dave Lombardo: drums
* DJ Spooky: turntables, beats, synthesizer, effects, production
* Jack Dangers: bass, guitar, effects, production
* Chuck D: vocals (#2,9,14)
* Meredith Monk: vocals (#6)
* Dälek: vocals (#6)
* Vernon Reid: guitar (#3,4,12,15)
* Gerry Nestler: guitar (#4,7,13)
* Alex Artaud: electronics (#1)

## Trivia

* The song "B-Side Wins Again" was featured on the soundtracks of Electronic Arts's Need For Speed Most Wanted, SSX On Tour, and Visual Concepts' NBA 2K6.
# Du Qinghua

Du Qinghua (simplified Chinese: 杜庆华; traditional Chinese: 杜慶華; pinyin: Dù Qìnghuá; April 14, 1919 – 2006), also known as Q.H. DU, was a Chinese physicist. He was a pioneer of aeronautic and astronautic material engineering in China. and a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

## Life

On April 14, 1919, Du was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. in the 1930s, Du studied in Hangzhou Middle School. In 1936, he graduated from Hangzhou High School. In 1937, Du studied at Zhejiang University. In 1940, he graduated from the Department of Mechanics, National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University).
In 1947, Du went to study in the United States. He entered Stanford University and majored in solid state physics. In June 1948, Du obtained a master's degree of aeronautic engineering from Stanford. In September 1948, Du turned to Harvard University and studied hydrodynamics under the academic advice of Richard von Mises. In June 1949, Du earned another master of aeronautics from Harvard. In September 1949, Du went back to Stanford and did research on aeronautic light structure with Stephen Timoshenko and Goodier. He received his doctorate in April 1951.
In June 1951, Du went back to China and taught at Peking University. In 1952, Du was transferred to Tsinghua University and became a teaching and research leader of mechanics. In 1958, Du was one of the founders of the Department of Engineering Mechanics of Tsinghua University. From 1983 to 1987, Du was also a part-time professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, and Zhejiang University, and he was an honorary professor at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
Du was a founder of Chinese modern aeronautic and astronautic material engineering. He was also a founder of the teaching and research of mechanics and material engineering at Tsinghua University. In 1997, Du was elected academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE).

## Works

Du wrote more than 130 papers and also several popular textbooks and handbooks, including:
* Material Mechanics (《材料力学》)
* Theory for Elasticity (《弹性理论》)
* Handbook for Engineering Mechanics (《工程力学手册》)

## Family

Du's daughter Du Xian is a former news anchor of China Central Television and the wife of actor Chen Daoming.
# Dunderbukta

Dunderbukta is a bay in Wedel Jarlsberg Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a width of approximately 3.5 kn, and is located between the headlands of Tunodden and Ispynten.
# Dukes of Hell

Dukes of Hell is a closed-end, fantasy play-by-mail (PBM) game. It was designed by Vincent J. Marra and published by Software Doctors.

## History and development

Dukes of Hell was published by Software Doctors, a company shifting into the PBM genre from computers. Vincent J. Manna was the game designer. Reviewer Frank Picone noted that it was a unique PBM game concept at the time but it did not "delve into the occult." The publisher also provided a disclaimer "to prevent religious groups from attacking the game or the company".

## Gameplay

Set in Hades, players roleplay a "top demon" vying to replace Satan. Players, holding the rank of Duke, advanced by controlling additional cities and castles. Elements of gameplay included Psionic Points, used to "cast spells, do miracles, control other Beings and Devils, and sway Demons to aid your cause", and Gold Pieces, used to acquire resources and spy. Magic, intrigue, and politics were part of the game. The game allowed both ground and naval combat. Dungeon crawling was also part of the game.
Monsters in the game included fiends, devils, chimeras, dark elves, dragons, erinyees, gargoyles, ghouls, ghosts, harpies, lemures, manes, quasits, specters, vampires, wights, wizards, and zombies.

## Reception

Frank Picone reviewed the game in the January–February 1986 issue of Paper Mayhem, stating that it was his "candidate for best game of the decade".
# Duncroft Farm Pit

Duncroft Farm Pit is a 0.1-hectare (0.25-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Kingsclere in Hampshire. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.
This site exposes beds dating to the Upper Chalk of the Late Cretaceous epoch, 100 to 66 million years ago. The strata are in the middle of the Kingsclere Monocline, a steep fold which is thought to be due to later movement in the underlying rocks.
The site is private land with no public access.
# Dumari

Dumari is a village development committee in Siraha District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2947 people living in 523 individual households.
# Duncan Rice

Sir Charles Duncan Rice (20 October 1942 – 3 February 2022) was a Scottish academic who was Principal of the University of Aberdeen from September 1996 to 1 April 2010. He previously served at New York University in the United States, as Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Science (1985–91) and Vice-Chancellor (1991–96).

## Early life

Rice was born in Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire, and studied History at the University of Aberdeen, graduating with a First in 1964. He then began lecturing at the University while completing a PhD at the University of Edinburgh, awarded in 1969.

## Career

In 1970, Rice was appointed Assistant Professor of History at Yale University, and was promoted to Associate Professor in 1975. In 1979, he was appointed Professor of History at Hamilton College, in Clinton, New York, and in 1985 as Professor of History and Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Science at New York University, being promoted to Vice-Chancellor in 1994. In 1996, he was appointed Principal of the University of Aberdeen.
Rice published widely as a professional historian, and received honorary degrees from New York University and the Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen as well as fellowships at Harvard and Yale, and the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He served on the Heritage Lottery Fund Committee for Scotland, was Honorary Vice-President of Scottish Opera and Chair of the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education (Europe).
He has previously served on the Boards of Scottish Enterprise Grampian, Scottish Opera/Ballet, BT Scotland, and The National Trust for Scotland. He was Chairman of the Circumpolar Universities Association from 1997–1999, was a former Chairman of the UK Socrates-Erasmus Trust, and a former member of the Universities and Colleges Employers Association Board. He was knighted in 2009 for services to higher education.

## Personal life and death

He was married to the banker Dame Susan Rice. Rice died on 3 February 2022, at the age of 79.

## Notable publications

* The Rise and Fall of Black Slavery (1975)
* The Scots Abolitionists 1833–1861 (1981)

## Legacy

The Sir Duncan Rice Library was completed in 2011. It was designed by Schmidt Hammer Lassen. Initially it was known as Aberdeen University New Library, but on 21 September 2012 the building's name was changed to honour Rice, who had been Principal of the university during the time that the project was conceived and the funds were raised. The library was opened by the Queen on 24 September 2012.
# Dur-e Najaf Dara

Dur-e Najaf Dara OAM (born 18 September 1945) is an Australian restaurateur and businesswoman.

## Early life and education

Dara was born on 18 September 1945 in Ipoh, Malaysia, in 1945.
She moved to Australia in 1962 and attended Presbyterian Ladies' College in Melbourne. She later studied social work at the University of Melbourne.

## Career

After graduating, Dara worked for the Youth Welfare Division of the Victorian Social Welfare Department, based at Winlaton and Turana in Melbourne. In 1978 she started waitressing at Stephanie's Restaurant and later became the manager and co-owner. She also worked on establishing the Pavilion (later Donovan's) in St Kilda and the Nudel Bar in the Melbourne business district.
In 1987, she became a partner in a tea import business and in 2000 she established the Lip café.
Dara has been involved in the hospitality industry as president of the Restaurant and Catering Association of Victoria (she was the organisation's first woman president) and board member of the Victorian Wineries Tourism Council and Business Matrix Victoria.
She has also been director of the Melbourne International Chamber Music Competition, and has served on the advisory boards of the Women's Reference Group of the Victorian Equal Opportunity Commission; William Angliss College; RMIT School of Tourism and Hospitality; and the Swinburne School of Hospitality and Tourism.
She is or has been patron of the Victorian Foundation for the Survivors of Torture; elder, Women's Circus Victoria; and a member of the Victorian Immigrant and Refugee Women's Coalition, the Tamil Eelam Women's Organisation, the Melbourne Chapter of the Australian Symposium of Gastronomy, Asia Link, Habitat for Humanity and Asia Society.

## Recognition

In 1997, Dara was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia in recognition of service to the community and to promotional and fundraising activities for women's groups. Dara has also received the Vida Goldstein Award for excellence in her trade.
# Dunlop v R

Dunlop v R, [1979] 2 S.C.R. 881 is the leading decision of the Supreme Court of Canada on participating in a criminal act by aiding and abetting. The Court held that the mere presence of the accused at the scene of a criminal act is not sufficient to convict the person for aiding and abetting a criminal act. There must be something more.

## Background

Two teenagers, Dunlop and Sylvester, were members of a motorcycle club. One evening they went to a party held by the club where other members were involved in a gang rape of a teenage girl.
The girl testified at trial that the two teens had participated in the rape. The trial judge directed the jury to find whether the teens had participated enough to have aided or abetted the rape under section 21(1) of the Criminal Code or had a common intention to rape the victim under section 21(2) of the Criminal Code.

## Opinion of the Court

Justice Dickson wrote the decision for the majority. He held that the trial judge had erred in instructing the jury to consider the "common intention" provision of the Criminal Code. The sole issue was whether the teens had aided and abetted the commission of the crime. In considering the provision he held that:
    In the case at bar I have great difficulty in finding any evidence of anything more than mere presence and passive acquiescence. Presence at the commission of an offence can be evidence of aiding and abetting if accompanied by other factors, such as prior knowledge of the principal offender's intention to commit the offence or attendance for the purpose of encouragement. There was no evidence that while the crime was being committed either of the accused rendered aid, assistance or encouragement to the rape of Brenda Ross. There was no evidence of any positive act or omission to facilitate the unlawful purpose.
Accordingly, the two teens were acquitted.
# Dust (DJ Muggs album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 67/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Alternative Press | 3/5 |
| Blender | |
| The Guardian | |
| Mojo | |
| Pitchfork | 1.1/10 |
| Q | |
| Rolling Stone | |
| Uncut | |
| Vibe | 3/5 |
Dust is the debut studio album by American music producer and Cypress Hill member DJ Muggs, credited as Muggs. The album was released by ANTI- on March 11, 2003. A stylistic departure from his previous work, Dust saw Muggs exploring a sound rooted in trip hop and electronica. The album features vocals by Josh Todd of Buckcherry, Greg Dulli of The Afghan Whigs and The Twilight Singers, Amy Trujillo, and Everlast.
Dust was re-released by ANTI-'s sister label Epitaph Records on May 8, 2007.

## Singles

"Rain" and "Morta" were the album's first singles, being released before any other songs on the album through either download sites such as CNet's "music.download.com" or compilation albums such as "Anti-spring." (ANTI- Records, 2003)

## Track listing
### Notes

* Track 9 is a cover song of "Fat City (Slight Return)" by The Twilight Singers (2003)
* Track 11 contents elements of "The Sorcerer Of Isis (The Ritual Of The Mole)" by Power Of Zeus (1970)

## Personnel

* Lawrence Muggerud – guitar, drums, keyboards, programming, drum programming
* Amy Trujillo – vocals
* Erik Francis Schrody – vocals
* Greg Dulli – vocals
* Joshua Todd Gruber – vocals
* Mike Sims – bass, guitar
* Paula Gallitano – strings
* Reggie Stewart – bass, guitar, piano
* Scott Ables – drums
* Rob Hill – mixing
* Brian Gardner – mastering
* Estevan Oriol – design
* Mark Machado – design
* Sonny Gerasimowicz – design
* Stephanie Chao – photography

## Charts

| Chart (2003) | Peak position |
| French Albums (SNEP) | 134 |
# Dyschirius cerberus

Dyschirius cerberus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Larson in 1968.
# Dwight Bennett

Dwight Bennett may refer to:
* Dwight Bennett, pseudonym of D. B. Newton (1916–2013), American writer of westerns
* Dwight Henry Bennett (1917–2002), American aeronautical engineer
# Dwight Billings

William Dwight Billings (December 29, 1910 – January 4, 1997) was an American ecologist. He was one of the foundational figures in the field of plant physiological ecology and made major contributions to desert and arctic/alpine ecology.
Billings served as president of the Ecological Society of America (ESA) from 1978 to 1979. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1979. In 1962, ESA granted him the Mercer Award, for an outstanding research paper by a researcher under the age of 40; ESA also awarded the Eminent Ecologist Award in 1991.

## Career chronology

His advisees include Robin B. Foster.
# Dypsis fasciculata

Dypsis fasciculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only in Madagascar. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Dzorapor

Dzorapor was a historic region of Armenia, it is located in the province of Gugark.
# Dürerbund

The Dürerbund (named after Albrecht Dürer) was an organization of writers and artists with a strong influence on the intellectual life of the middle class in the German Reich, but also in Austria and Switzerland.
The Dürerbund was founded in 1902 by the German publisher Ferdinand Avenarius, a brother of the philosopher Richard Avenarius, and the art historian Paul Schumann. It resided in Dresden-Blasewitz and had close connections to Deutscher Werkbund and the garden city movement, as Avenarius was a key person in these organizations too.
The Dürerbund was not only the leading cultural organization in Germany that time, moreover it aimed at contributing to aesthetic education and education to love of nature of the broad masses. For many years, it was organized like a reading circle in which publications as Der Kunstwart, a magazine initiated and edited by Avenarius, could be distributed effectively. Among the many widely known authors were Hermann Bahr, Christian Morgenstern, Peter Rosegger, Georg Simmel, and Carl Spitteler. Renowned personalities participated in the management board of the association, among them Adolf Bartels, Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, Karl Lamprecht, Friedrich Naumann, and Henry Thode.
Key dates of the Dürerbund:
* 1902 Establishment of the Dürerbund in Dresden
* 1910 Erection of the Dürerbundhaus in Dresden-Blasewitz
* 1912 Dürerbund had 300,000 members
* 1914 Establishment of the Dürerbund-Werkbund-Genossenschaft in Hellerau, which published the Deutsche Warenbuch evaluating industrial products for the consumers
* 1923 Avenarius died, Paul Schumann und Wolfgang Schumann took leadership
* 1935 Dürerbund closed, the painter Karl Hanusch was the last head
# Dębina, Gmina Zakrzew

Dębina is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zakrzew, within Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Zakrzew and 36 km (22 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin.
# Dénestanville

Dénestanville is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in north-western France.

## Geography

A farming village situated by the banks of the river Scie in the Pays de Caux, some 8 miles (13 km) south of Dieppe, at the junction of the D107 and the D3 roads.

## History

Danestanvilla 1051, Donestanville 1088, Dunestanvilla 1142. Dunstan's farm, name of an Anglo-Saxon farmer who came from danelaw with the danes, probably in the 10th century, to settle in Normandy. Seat of the family de Dunstanville. See Reginald de Dunstanville.

## Places of interest

* A château.
* The church of St.Martin, dating from the twelfth century.
# EIA/TIA-662

TIA/EIA-662 is a 1995 telecommunications standard from the Telecommunications Industry Association, a 1988 offshoot of the EIA. The standard addresses Personal Wireless Telecommunications (PWT).
The standard is based on a microcell radio communications system that provides low-power radio access between portable equipment and the fixed network over distances of a few hundred meters. Such wireless personal telecommunications devices may be used for wireless PBX services and for sending data in packets or over circuits. This standard is based on the Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) standard.
# Coláiste Íosagáin, Ballyvourney

Coláiste Íosagáin was a Catholic gaelcholáiste (Irish language secondary school) in Ballyvourney, County Cork, Ireland. The school was built in phases in the 1930s.
The boarding school was opened on 4 July 1940 by the De La Salle Brothers as a preparatory school, i.e. a secondary school to prepare pupils to become Irish language primary school teachers. Located in the Muskerry Gaeltacht, its admission criteria prioritised Irish speakers, especially native speakers.

## Closure

The school closed in 1989 and was amalgamated with nearby Gairmscoil Ghobnatan (opened in 1950) to form Colaiste Ghobnatan.
The building fell into decay. It was purchased in 1998 for IR£215,000 by Údarás na Gaeltachta. Several plans were made for new uses of the site, but all fell through, including a 1999 plan for a £1.5m national all-Irish education facility for which education minister Michael Woods turned the sod in 1999. An industrial estate was built on the former playing field.
Renovations began in late 2022, and in April 2023 Údarás na Gaeltachta announced that part of the building would become a ‘Gteic’ regional digital hub with offices and hot-desk facilities. This hub is the first step in a plan which is proposed to include a training base, exhibition hall and offices for agencies such as Údarás na Gaeltachta itself and local community organisations.
# Collège des Écossais

Collège des Écossais (Scots College) can refer to several educational institutions in France:
* Scottish College, Douai at University of Douai
* Collège des Écossais, Montpellier
* Scots College (Paris)