OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# English Historical Documents

English Historical Documents (EHD) is a series of publications of source material on English history by the academic publisher Eyre and Spottiswoode, now part of Oxford University Press. Some later volumes were published by Routledge. The original general editor was David C. Douglas, professor of history at the University of Bristol. Publication began in 1953. Each volume ran to around 1000 pages, and was edited by one or more major academic authorities in the period covered; some volumes are now in their second edition. WorldCat shows them present in virtually all academic libraries, both large and small. Sources published in other languages (French, Anglo-Saxon, Old Norse, Latin) are given in English translation.
The volumes have been widely reviewed, and are considered as a basic standard resource. Each chronological volume consists of a general introduction to the history and the historical sources for the period, an extensive bibliography, and sections (the details varying with the period) on narrative sources such as chronicles and newspapers, legal documents and legislation, economic sources, literary sources, and appendices of maps and genealogies. Many volumes contain illustrations.
The series contains:
* volume 1: c.500–1042, edited by Dorothy Whitelock. 1st ed. 1955, 2nd ed. 1979, 952pp.; e-book, 1996
* volume 2: 1042–1189, edited by David C. Douglas and George W. Greenaway. 1st ed. 1953, 2nd ed. 1981, 1083pp.
* volume 3: 1189–1327, edited by Harry Rothwell. 1975, 1032pp. ISBN 978-0-413-23300-4
* volume 4: 1327–1485, edited by Alec R. Myers. 1969, 1236pp. ISBN 978-0-413-23310-3
* volume 5: 1485–1558, edited by C. H. Williams. 1967, 1082pp.; OCLC 247046009
* volume 6: 1558–1603, edited by Ian Archer & Douglas Prince. 2011, 1392pp.; ISBN 978-0-415-35097-6
* volume 7: 1603–1660, edited by Barry Coward & Peter Gaunt. 2010, 1408pp.; ISBN 978-0-415-19909-4
* volume 8: 1660–1714, edited by Andrew Browning. 1953, 996pp. ISBN 978-0-203-19579-6
* volume 9: American colonial documents, to 1776, edited by Merrill Jensen. 1955, 888pp. OCLC 9802673
* volume 10: 1714–1783, edited by D. B. Horn and Mary Ransome. 1957, 972pp. OCLC 247046807
* volume 11: 1783–1832, edited by A. Aspinall and E. Anthony Smith. 1959, 992pp. ISBN 978-0-203-19915-2
* volume 12, pt. 1: 1833–1874, edited by George M. Young and W. D. Handcock. 1956, 1017pp. OCLC 33037858
* volume 12, pt. 2: 1874–1914, edited W. D. Handcock. 1977, 725pp. ISBN 978-0-415-14375-2
They are electronically available in various formats, including MyiLibrary, Kindle, and NetLibrary. The volume numbering on the later volumes vary, to take account of the two volumes (1558–1603 and 1603–1660) not originally published. A volume of selections, English Historical Documents, 1815–1870, in 120 pages, was published by Methuen Publishing in 1964, OCLC 62887069.
# Bida si Mister, Bida si Misis

Bida si Mister, Bida si Misis (transl. husband is a hero, wife is a hero) is a Philippine television sitcom series broadcast by ABS-CBN. The series is sequel to Kaya ni Mister, Kaya ni Misis. Directed by Fritz Ynfante, it stars Cesar Montano and Maricel Soriano. It aired from November 16, 2002 to February 8, 2005, replacing Mary D' Potter and was replaced by Bora.

## Cast of characters

* Maricel Soriano as Mary Magtanggol
* Cesar Montano as Buboy Magtanggol
* Vhong Navarro as Bok Tyson
* Asia Agcaoili
* Emman Abeleda as Jun Jun
* Jane Oineza as Jackie
* Hyubs Azarcon as Puto
* Earl Ignacio as Mac
* George Javier as Chief Dyords Pipay
* Shaina Magdayao as Shaina
* Smokey Manaloto as Wayne
* Bearwin Meily as Totoy
* Jenny Miller as Lovely
* John Wayne Sace as Jun-Jun's classmate
* Sergio Garcia as Jun-Jun's classmate
* Mhyco Aquino as Jun-Jun's classmate
* Mico Aytona as Jun-Jun's classmate
* Rayver Cruz as Jun-Jun's classmate
* Alwyn Uytingco as Jun-Jun's classmate
* Froilan Sales
* Gloria Sevilla as Tiya Ina
* Alwyn Uytingco as Sherwin
* Empress Schuck as Empress
* Bentong
* Mahal
# Bhawale

Bhawale is a village in the Thane district of Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Bhiwandi taluka. The Apsan Canine Resort is located here.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Bhawale has 133 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 76.56%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 705 | 360 | 345 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 95 | 46 | 49 |
| Scheduled caste | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Scheduled tribe | 118 | 56 | 62 |
| Literates | 467 | 270 | 197 |
| Workers (all) | 257 | 183 | 74 |
| Main workers (total) | 203 | 168 | 35 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 12 | 11 | 1 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 9 | 5 | 4 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 14 | 12 | 2 |
| Main workers: Other | 168 | 140 | 28 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 54 | 15 | 39 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 16 | 3 | 13 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 21 | 6 | 15 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 10 | 4 | 6 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 7 | 2 | 5 |
| Non-workers | 448 | 177 | 271 |
# Bhawan

Bhawan may refer to:
* Anand Bhawan School, Minority Institution in India, founded in 1949
* Balwant Rai Mehat Vidya Bhawan, co-educational high school in South Delhi
* Bhawan Bahadur Nagar, town in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India
* Guru Gobind Singh Bhawan, building at Punjabi University, Patiala
* Rajiv Gandhi Bhawan, the building housing the Corporate Headquarters of Airports Authority of India
* Rashtrapati Bhawan or Rashtrapati Bhavan, the official residence of the President of India
* Rastrapati Bhawan, the official residence of the President of Nepal
* Ravidassia Bhawan, a place of worship in the Ravidassia religion
* Thana Bhawan, small town in Muzaffarnagar District in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India
* Umaid Bhawan Palace, large private residence at Jodhpur in Rajasthan, India
* Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi, Government of India's premier Conference Centre
# England Athletics Hall of Fame

The England Athletics Hall of Fame was launched in 2008 with a panel of experts selecting a list of potential inductees for athletics fans and members of the public to vote on. The Hall of Fame honours those who have made an outstanding contribution to the sport of athletics in England. Each year the public is able to vote on a shortlist of athletes who have been put forward for voting by a panel of experts.
The short list for the public to vote on is drawn up on various criteria, including the following:
* Athletes will be selected for the Hall of Fame shortlist based on their contribution to the sport of athletics as well as performance. (This could be as an athlete, coach or some other contributor). An example could be the impact of Roger Bannister's sub-four-minute mile on middle-distance running or Seb Coe’s work for the sport and Olympics.
* Nominated athletes must have been retired for a minimum of five years.
Chairman of the Hall of Fame panel is Darren Campbell. Darren himself won Olympic gold in the 4 × 100 m relay and a silver at 200m. He was also European 100m champion and bronze medallist in the World Championships.
# Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis

Epidermolytic ichthyosis (EI), is a severe form of dry scaly skin, that initially presents with redness, blisters, erosions, and peeling in a newborn baby. Hyperkeratosis typically develops several months later. Other symptoms include itch, painful fissures, strong body odor, and absence of sweat. Symptoms vary in severity and extent of skin involvement. The two main types are divided into one involving palms and soles and the other without.
EI is caused by a genetic mutation. The condition involves the clumping of keratin filaments.
The condition is rare, affecting around 1 in 200,000 to 300,000 babies.

## Signs and symptoms

EI is a severe form of dry scaly skin, that initially presents with redness, blisters, erosions, and peeling in a newborn baby. Hyperkeratosis typically develops several months later. Other symptoms include itch, painful fissures, body odor, and absence of sweat. Symptoms vary in severity and extent of skin involvement. Complications include infection and joint problems. Affected newborns are particularly at risk of dehydration, sepsis, and electrolyte imbalance.

## Cause and mechanism

The condition is mostly inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. To a lesser extent, a recessive form exists. It is caused by genetic mutations in the genes encoding the proteins keratin 1 or keratin 10, resulting in disruption of the structure of the epidermis.
* Keratin 1 is associated with the variants affecting the palms and soles.
* Keratin 10 is associated with the variants in which these are unaffected.

## Diagnosis

Diagnosis is by its appearance, skin biopsy, and genetic testing.
The condition can be diagnosed via exam that reveals; generalized redness; thick, generally dark, scales that tend to form parallel rows of spines or ridges, especially near large joints; the skin is fragile and blisters easily following trauma; extent of blistering and amount of scale is variable.

## Treatment

Treatment includes applying thick moisturisers. Other therapies include topical and oral retinoids. These include topical N-acetylcysteine, liarozole, and calcipotriol. Bacterial colonisation of skin may be reduced by use of antibacterial soaps, chlorhexidine, and dilute sodium hypochlorite baths.

## Research

Gene therapy is being studied for EI.

## Epidemiology

The condition is rare, affecting around 1 in 200,000 to 300,000 babies.

## History

EI was first classified by its presence or absence in the palms and soles by DiGiovanna and Bale in 1994.
# Chengwatana Township, Pine County, Minnesota

Chengwatana Township is a township in Pine County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 809 at the 2000 census. Chengwatana Township was organized in 1874. Its name is derived from the Ojibwe Zhingwaadena (White-pine Town), applied originally to an Ojibwe village located at the confluence of the Snake River with the St. Croix River. Neighbouring Pine City Township and the City of Pine City get their names from the English translation of Chengwatana.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 47.3 square miles (123 km$^2$), of which 45.8 square miles (119 km$^2$) is land and 1.5 square miles (3.9 km$^2$) (3.20%) is water.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 809 people, 290 households, and 218 families in the township. The population density was 17.7 inhabitants per square mile (6.8/km$^2$). There were 480 housing units at an average density of 10.5 per square mile (4.1/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.15% White, 0.25% African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.25% Asian, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62%.
Of the 290 households, 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.1% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 17.6% of households were one person, and 5.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.17.
In the township the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 114.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.4 males.
The median household income was $41,429 and the median family income was $50,938. Males had a median income of $33,542 versus $23,269 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,974. About 6.6% of families and 12.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.5% of those under age 18 and 16.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Cheryl Day

Cheryl Day (born 1961) is a baker and author, who is owner of Back in the Day Bakery in Savannah, Georgia and co-founder of Southern Restaurants for Racial Justice. She is the author of two best-selling cookbooks, written with her husband Griff Day. In 2015 she was a semi-finalist James Beard Awards in the category of Outstanding Baker.

## Biography

Day was born in 1961. Her great-great-grandmother, Hannah Queen Grubbs, was an enslaved pastry chef noted for her baking, especially her pies and her frostings. This connection Day said, makes her work feel "more important somehow". Her grandmother taught her to bake, during the summers that Day spent staying with her in Alabama. She founded Back in the Day Bakery in 2002, and as of 2020 co-ran the business with her husband, Griff.
Day and her husband have co-written two best-selling cookbooks. The first book was entitled The Back in the Day Bakery Cookbook, which was published in 2012 and was a New York Times best-seller. The second book Back in the Day Bakery Made with Love was published in 2015 and records some of the most popular recipes made at the bakery, such as Alabama Lane Cake, Coca-Cola Cake and caramel cake.
In 2015 Day was a semi-finalist in the James Beard Awards in the category of Outstanding Baker. In 2016 Cathy Barrow, writing for the Washington Post, described Day's buttermilk biscuit as the best in Savannah. Day's biscuits are made in their hundreds by hand, every day.
In March 2020 Back in the Day Bakery was closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, however it re-opened in June 2020 providing a walk-up services, as well as nationwide delivery for certain baked goods. In July 2020, Back in the Day Bakery was a recipient of a $25,000 prize donated by Discover Card, to support black-owned business. She is a co-founder of Southern Restaurants for Racial Justice (SRRJ), along with Lisa Marie Donovan and Sarah O’Brien, an organisation which advocates for workers of colour in the food industry.

## Publications

* The Back in the Day Bakery Cookbook (Artisan Books, 2012)
* Made with Love (Artisan Books, 2015)
* Cheryl Day's Treasury of Southern Baking (Artisan Books 2021)
# Cheryl Derricotte

Cheryl Patrice Derricotte is an American visual artist working mostly with glass and paper. She lives and works in San Francisco, California.

## Early life and education

Derricotte is originally from Washington, DC.
She holds a Master of Fine Arts from the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), a Master of Regional Planning from Cornell University, and a B.A. in Urban Affairs from Barnard College, Columbia University.

## Artwork

Derricotte describes her artwork process as:
   Identities shaped by home (or homelessness); natural beauty (or disasters), memories of happiness (or loss) inspire my artwork. This results in works on glass and paper. Both materials are translucent and seemingly fragile, yet they are hearty enough to survive the passage of time between civilizations.
   I make art from research. This type of inquiry also leads me not just to economic but also environmental concerns. Observations of current events, politics, and urban landscapes are my entry into these issues.
She has exhibited in galleries, museums and art spaces. Her first solo exhibition in 2016, Ghosts/Ships, held at the Museum of the African Diaspora in San Francisco, "offers a glimpse into the global African slave trade that is both subtle and direct in its links between past and present." In 2019 she was part of the “Ancestral Journeys” exhibition at the Euphrat Museum of Art, an exhibition which "spotlights self-identity, family history, immigration, and diasporas..."

## Awards

Her awards include a San Francisco Individual Artist Commission; Hemera Foundation Tending Space Fellowship for Artists; the Rick and Val Beck Scholarship for Glass; Emerging Artist at the Museum of the African Diaspora; Gardarev Center Fellow; Art Alliance for Contemporary Glass’ Visionary Scholarship, D.C. Commission on the Arts & Humanities/ National Endowment for the Arts Artist Fellowship Grant, San Francisco Individual Artist Commission, and a Puffin Foundation Grant. She was a Finalist for the LEAP Award in 2016.

## Arts activist

Derricotte is the current Secretary/The Minister of Information for Three Point Nine Art Collective, a group of San Francisco area Black artists. She is also the Chief Mindfulness Officer of Crux, a U.S. nationwide cooperative of Black artists "working at the intersection of art and technology through immersive storytelling (Virtual Reality)." She has also been part of moderated discussions and talks "responding to representations of race and identity."
# Equestrian statue of Sebastián de Belalcázar

An equestrian statue of Sebastián de Belalcázar was installed in Popayán, Colombia in the 1930s, until it was toppled by indigenous Guambiano protestors in 2020.
The statue was originally supposed to be repaired and put back on its original spot. However, the city of Popayán decided not to return the statue to its original spot. The decision was out of respect for the Misak people along with the possibility of future Vandalism. Due to concerns of possible damage to the pre-Hispanic pyramid under the pedestal, no other monument will take Belalcázar's place. The Statue is in storage and is being restored, with the head being made from the mold of Sebastián de Belalcázar statue in Cali. Its future placement has not been decided.
# Epitrichosma

Epitrichosma is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Epitrichosma anisocausta (Turner, 1916)
* Epitrichosma argenticola Diakonoff, 1974
* Epitrichosma aureola Diakonoff, 1972
* Epitrichosma ceramina Common, 1965
* Epitrichosma crymodes (Turner, 1916)
* Epitrichosma helioconis (Diakonoff, 1948)
* Epitrichosma hesperia Common, 1965
* Epitrichosma lira Diakonoff, 1972
* Epitrichosma luteola Diakonoff, 1974
* Epitrichosma mellosa (Diakonoff, 1956)
* Epitrichosma metreta Common, 1965
* Epitrichosma neurobapta Lower, 1908
* Epitrichosma phaulera (Turner, 1916)
# Erambie Mission

Erambie Mission is an Aboriginal community located on the western banks of the Lachlan River, 2.5 km (1.6 mi) from the town of Cowra, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.

## History

Erambie was operated by the New South Wales Government as an Aboriginal reserve.
The mission boasted a football team called the Erambie Allblacks, and there were many musicians in the community. During World War II, there were around 70,000 troops stationed at a training camp in Cowra, and people from the mission used to perform for them. They raised money for the war.
A woman called Jane Murray was a kind of matriarch to the community. She had 9 children, and worked with a doctor in Cowra.
The mission was laid out along three streets in a grid of tightly packed houses, but it contains no shops or library. It became home for most of the 700 Aboriginal people in the Cowra area. It was in existence in 1937.
Residents had to obey many rules and regulations, but as far back as the 1940s the mission had a reputation for Aboriginal rights protests staged by the residents.
Writer Bob Merritt's 1975 play, The Cake Man, portrayed life on the mission.
The Cowra ACS (Aboriginal Children's Services) was based at Erambie from 1975 to 2008.

## Prominent residents

Dr Laurie Bamblett, who grew up in Erambie, was in 2015 adjunct research fellow at the National Centre for Indigenous Studies at the Australian National University, after spending over two decades developing and conducting community education and health programs at Erambie.
Other residents have included:
* Isabel Coe
* Paul Coe
* Elsie Heiss, mother of Anita Heiss
* Bob Merritt (1945–2011), writer
* Jenny Munro
* Mum Shirl (Smith)
* Harry Wedge
* Claude "Candy" Williams
* Harry Williams
# Erasure

Erasure may refer to:

## Arts and media

* Erasure (duo), an English pop group
* Erasure (album), 1995, by the British group Erasure
* Erasure poetry, a form of found poetry created by erasing words from an existing text
* Erasure (novel), 2001, by Percival Everett

## Science and technology

* Data erasure, a method of software-based overwriting that completely destroys all electronic data
* Erasure channel, a communication channel model wherein errors are described as erasures
* Erasure code, a forward error correction (FEC) code for the binary erasure channel
* Type erasure, a process by which explicit type annotations are removed from a program
* Zeroisation, a process of erasing sensitive data stored electronically by overwriting it

## Other uses

* Erasure (heraldry), the removal of portions of charges in heraldry
* Social amnesia or social invisibility, the separation or systematic ignoring of a history or a group of people
** Damnatio memoriae, Latin phrase meaning 'condemnation of memory'
** LGBT erasure or queer erasure, the removal of evidence of LGBT groups or people and queerness
* Sous rature, or 'under erasure', a deconstructionist philosophical device developed by Heidegger and used by Derrida
# Biathlon World Championships 1961

The 3rd Biathlon World Championships were held in 1961 in Umeå, Sweden. The men's 20 km individual and team were the only competitions.

## Men's results
### 20 km individual

| Name | Nation | Penalties | Result | Behind |
| Kalevi Huuskonen | FIN | 1 | 1:32:11 | |
| Aleksandr Privalov | URS | 3 | 1:35:07 | 2:56 |
| Paavo Repo | FIN | 4 | 1:35:20 | 3:09 |
Each shot missing the target gave a penalty of 2 minutes.

### 20 km team

| Name | Nation | Penalties | Result | Behind |
| Finland | FIN | 11 | 4:45:38 | |
| Soviet Union | URS | 11 | 4:51:35 | 5:57 |
| Sweden | SWE | 12 | 5:06:11 | 20:33 |
The times of the top 3 athletes from each nation in the individual race were added together.

## Medal table

| Place | Nation | | | | Total |
| 1 | Finland | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 2 | Soviet Union | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | Sweden | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
# Eric Auld

Eric Auld FRSA (1931 – 24 December 2013) was a Scottish painter.

## Biography

Auld was widely known in the north-east of Scotland. His works were famous for the evocative scenes of Aberdeen and its surrounding landscapes.
Auld graduated from the Gray's School of Art, Aberdeen. He was a Burgess of the Guild of the City of Aberdeen and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.
In 2013, an exhibition displaying Auld's work, which were created during the six decades of his career, was held at the Aberdeen University. The exhibition, entitled "Eric Auld: A Portrayal of Aberdeen City and Shire", was a selection of Auld's paintings depicting sites of Aberdeen, including Old Aberdeen and the countryside surrounding it. There were also paintings of famous Aberdeen buildings as well as its prominent natural features like hills and fields.
Auld died on 24 December 2013 at his home.
# Eric Aubriot

Éric Aubriot (born 15 May 1972, in Paris) is a French-American chef.
Aubriot moved from France to the United States as a child. He began his career training under Michel Guérard at the Michelin Three-Star Les Pres d'Eugenie in Eugenie Les Bains, France, where he learned some of the fine points of French cuisine. Aubriot apprenticed under Chef Alain Ducasse at the Louis XV hotel in Monaco, another Michelin Three-Star restaurant.
After spending two years in France, Aubriot returned to the United States and settled in Chicago. He first worked as a pastry cook at Gypsy. Aubriot then accepted a position as sous-chef and then chef de cuisine under Jacky Pluton at the Mobil Four-Star Carlos in Highland Park, Illinois.
Aubriot opened his first restaurant with his wife at the time, Stephanie, in May 1998 (named after themselves) to commercial and critical acclaim. He went to Tournesol, a french cuisine bistro in Lincoln Square, as a consulting chef in 2002. In 2004 he moved to Hotel 71's Fuse. In mid-2007 he was on the middle-eastern Alhambra The year 2008 saw him in the Italian Il Fiasco in Andersonville.
In March 2011 he is in his Izakaya Lure in Chinatown.
As of 2013, he primarily resides in upstate New York where he continues his culinary career.
He has been nominated twice for the James Beard Rising Star award.
# Eregoda

Eregoda is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.