OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Encyclopedia of Jews in Music

The Encyclopedia of Jews in Music (Lexikon der Juden in der Musik) was a Nazi-sponsored encyclopedia first published in Germany in 1940, which listed people involved in the music industry who were defined under Nazi racial laws as 'Jewish' or 'half-Jewish'. It was edited by Herbert Gerigk and Theophil Stengel and published in Berlin in 1940 by Bernhard Hahnefeld, with official support from the Nazi Party's "Institute for Study of the Jewish Question". The book's subtitle declared that it was produced "on behalf of the national leadership of the Nazi Party for official reasons, partly officially certified documents".
The encyclopedia appeared in the context of Nazi policies which repressed Jews involved in music and forbade the performance of works by Jewish composers. A similar encyclopedia by Hans Brückner, entitled Musical ABC of Jews, had previously been published in 1935.
The encyclopedia's coverage was very broad, covering musicians, musicologists, librettists, conductors, music publishers and other people linked to music who were considered "Jewish" or "Half-Jewish", as well as listing forbidden "Jewish" works. It was kept up to date via informers and the staff of the "Sonderstab Musik" of the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg. According to the Eva Weissweiler's 1999 book, the encyclopedia appeared in five editions - the first had 380 columns, the third (1941) 394 columns, (1943) and the final edition (12th to 14th thousand printed copies) had 404 columns of listings.
It was one of the proscribed books in the Soviet occupation zone.
# Cyd

Cyd is a given name, and may refer to:
* Cyd Adams (1949–2005), American poet and academic
* Cyd Charisse (1922–2008), American dancer and actress
* Cyd Gray (born 1973), Trinidad and Tobago footballer
* Cyd Hayman (born 1944), English actress
* Cyd Ho (born 1954), full-time legislative councillor of Hong Kong's Legislative Council
* Cyd Zeigler Jr (born 1973), American sportswriter
In fiction:
* Cyd Ripley, from the Disney Channel series Best Friends Whenever
* Cyd Sherman, more commonly referred to by her in-game alias "Codex", the central character of web series The Guild
# Chetogaster violacea

Chetogaster violacea is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae.

## Distribution

Australia.
# Cirsium durangense

Cirsium durangense, the Durango thistle , is Mexican species of plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. The species is native to the State of Durango in northwestern Mexico.
Cirsium durangense has pinnately lobed leaves with spines on the tips of the lobes. The leaves have a woolly covering when they are young but this disappears as the leaves mature.
# European Prize for Literature

European Prize for Literature (Prix Européen de Littérature) is a European-wide literary award sponsored by the city of Strasbourg with support from the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (France). The prize is awarded by the Jurys des Grands Prix Littéraires, in Strasbourg, at the same time as the Prix de Littérature Francophone Jean Arp and the Prix du Patrimoine Nathan Katz.
The award is presented to an author for their entire body of work, which best represents the cultural dimensions of Europe.

## Honorees

| Year | Author | Nationality |
| 2006 | Antonio Gamoneda | Spain |
| 2006 | Bo Carpelan | Finland |
| 2007 | Tadeusz Różewicz | Poland |
| 2008 | Tankred Dorst | Germany |
| 2009 | Kiki Dimoula | Greece |
| 2010 | Tony Harrison | United Kingdom |
| 2011 | Drago Jančar | Slovenia |
| 2012 | Vladimir Makanin | Russia |
| 2013 | Erri De Luca | Italy |
| 2014 | Jon Fosse | Norway |
| 2016 | Jaan Kaplinski | Estonia |
# Excelsior (Steven Page album)

Excelsior is an album by Canadian musician Steven Page, released on 30 September 2022. It is Page's sixth solo release since departing Barenaked Ladies and is a follow-up to the 2018 release, Discipline: Heal Thyself, Pt. II. Most of the album was recorded during the COVID-19 lockdown.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Steven Page
# David Paul (soccer)

Robert David Paul (born February 6, 1987) is an American soccer player who plays for Sporting AZ FC in the United Premier Soccer League.

## Career

Paul played college soccer at Southern Wesleyan University from 2005 to 2008, earning all-conference honors and All-American honors every season.
After college, Paul travelled to Argentina and England, earning trials with West Ham United and Milton Keynes Dons, but didn't earn a contract with either club.
Returning to the US, Paul coached at Grand Canyon University for a year, before eventually earning his first professional contract with Polish club Puszcza Niepołomice in 2011.
After two years in Poland, Paul returned to the US to play with USL Pro club Phoenix FC. Paul scored a brace on his Phoenix debut on July 27, 2013, during a 4–0 victory over Charlotte Eagles.
# Fernando Elboj Broto

Fernando Elboj Broto (14 July 1946 – 30 January 2023) was a Spanish politician and schoolteacher. A member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, he served in the Senate from 1982 to 1989 and again from 2008 to 2011.
Elboj died in Huesca on 30 January 2023, at the age of 76.
# Bexley (given name)

Bexley is a given name of English origin, a transferred use of a surname or place name meaning “clearing surrounded by box trees”.

## Popularity

The name has been among the one thousand most popular names for girls born in the United States since 2016. Two syllable surnames and names ending with the suffix -ley are currently fashionable for American girls.
Variant spellings also in use in the United States include Bexlee, Bexleigh, Bexli, Bexlie, and Bexly. Short forms and elaborations of the name in use include Bex and Bexlynn.
The name is also in use for boys in the United States, but Bexley has never ranked among the one thousand most popular names used for American boys.
# Bob Shepherd

Bob Shepherd is the British author of The Circuit (ISBN 0330455737), a non-fiction account published in 2008 of the defence industry contracts spawned from the Iraq conflict.
   "After nearly twenty years of SAS operations, Bob Shepherd retired from the military to work as an adviser on the international commercial security circuit -- simply referred to by its members as The Circuit. Certain his most dangerous days were behind him, Bob settled into a sedate life looking after VIPs. Then 9/11 happened." "Written with the passion of an elite soldier, THE CIRCUIT is a pulse-racing and at times shocking first-hand testament to what is really happening on the ground, in the major trouble spots of the world."
# Biñan's at-large congressional district

Biñan's at-large congressional district is the congressional district of the Philippines in Biñan. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 2016. Previously included in Laguna's 1st congressional district, it includes all barangays of the city. It is currently represented in the 19th Congress by Marlyn Alonte-Naguiat of the Lakas–CMD, who is the district's first representative since its creation.

## Representation history

| # | # | Member | Member | Term of office | Term of office | Congress | Party | Electoral history |
| # | # | Image | Name | Start | End | Congress | Party | Electoral history |
| District created March 25, 2015 from Laguna's 1st district. |||||||||
| 1 | | | Marlyn Alonte-Naguiat (born 1974) | June 30, 2016 | Present | 17th | Liberal | Elected in 2016. |
| 1 | | | Marlyn Alonte-Naguiat (born 1974) | June 30, 2016 | Present | 18th | PDP–Laban | Re-elected in 2019. |
| 1 | | | Marlyn Alonte-Naguiat (born 1974) | June 30, 2016 | Present | 19th | Lakas | Re-elected in 2022. |

## Election results
### 2016

2016 Philippine House of Representatives election in Biñan's Lone District :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal | Marlyn Alonte-Naguiat | 88,773 | 68.04 |
| Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | 41,704 | 31.96 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 130,477 | 100.00 |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | Liberal win (new seat) | Liberal win (new seat) | Liberal win (new seat) |

### 2019

2019 Philippine House of Representatives election in the Biñan's lone district :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PDP–Laban | Marlyn Alonte-Naguiat | 95,435 | 83.75 |
| | PDDS | Cris Antonio | 18,515 | 16.24 |
| Valid ballots | Valid ballots | Valid ballots | 113,950 | 87.22 |
| Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | 16,701 | 12.78 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 130,651 | 100.00 |
| | PDP–Laban hold | PDP–Laban hold | PDP–Laban hold | PDP–Laban hold |

### 2022

2022 Philippine House of Representatives election in the Biñan's lone district :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PDP–Laban | Marlyn Alonte-Naguiat | 116,376 | 69.68 |
| | PFP | Mike Yatco | 50,627 | 30.23 |
| Valid ballots | Valid ballots | Valid ballots | 167,003 | 94.61 |
| Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | 9,522 | 5.39 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 176,525 | 100.00 |
| | PDP–Laban hold | PDP–Laban hold | PDP–Laban hold | PDP–Laban hold |
# Boar's Head

Boar's Head may refer to:
* Boar's head
* Boar's head, see Boars in heraldry
* Boar's Head Feast, a festival of the Christmas season
* Boar's Head Inn, any of several current and former taverns in London and elsewhere
** Boar's Head Inn, Eastcheap
** Boar's Head Inn, Southwark
** Boar's Head Inn, Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire
** Boar's Head Theatre, Whitechapel
* Boar's Head Provision Company, a delicatessen food supplier
* Boar's Head railway station, formerly in Standish, Greater Manchester
* Boar's Head Resort, a hotel and resort in Charlottesville, Virginia
* Boar's Head Society, a former student society at Columbia University
* Battle of the Boar's Head, France, 1916
# Cyrtodactylus hitchi

Cyrtodactylus hitchi is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic Indonesia.

## Etymology

The specific name, hitchi, is in honor of Alan Thomas Hitch.

## Geographic range

C. hitchi is found in Southeast Sulawesi province on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia.

## Description

C. hitchi is a small species for its genus. Females may attain a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 7.9 cm (3.1 in). Males are smaller, an example of sexual dimorphism, up to 7.0 cm (2.8 in) SVL.

## Reproduction

The mode of reproduction of C. hitchi is unknown.
# David Pospíšil

David Pospíšil (born May 9, 1970) is a Czech former professional ice hockey forward.
Pospíšil played 708 games in the Czech Extraliga, playing for HC Pardubice, HC Plzeň and HC Vítkovice. He also played 24 games in the Russian Superleague for SKA Saint Petersburg during the 2003–04 season.
# Breaking Away (disambiguation)

Breaking Away is a 1979 film.
Breaking Away may also refer to:
* Breaking Away (TV series), a 1980 series based on the film
* Breaking Away (Tantrum album), 2005
* Breaking Away (Jaki Graham album), 1986 which includes a song of the same name
* Otryvayas (Breaking Away), an album by Mashina Vremeni
* "Breaking Away", a song by Ratatat from Ratatat
* "Breaking Away", a song by Status Quo from Whatever You Want
# Flight 110

Flight 110 may refer to the following incidents involving commercial airliners:
Listed chronologically
* Malév Flight 110, crashed in Ukraine on 16 September 1971
* Pan Am Flight 110, attacked by terrorists at a Rome airport on 17 December 1973
* Aeroméxico Flight 110, crashed after losing pressurization on 8 November 1981
* TACA Flight 110, made an emergency landing after losing power in both engines on 24 May 1988
* Avioimpex Flight 110, crashed near Ohrid, Macedonia, on 20 November 1993
# Bhoj Pandaul

Bhoj Pandaul or Bhojparaul is a village situated around 15 km from Madhubani, district headquarters of Madhubani district, Bihar state, India.
The village has an area of 5-6 square kilometers and a population of approximately 8000. The village lies in the Bisfi Block and Bhojpandaul Panchayat. this village has the history of producing great, talented engineers and educated persons who are making their motherland named bhojpandaul proud. There is a very famous temple of Goddess Durga witch is situated at Dakshin Bai Tola and other deities in this village These statues are centuries old and have archaeological importance & temple is run through Shri Shri 108 Bhagwati Sthan Puja Samiti and temple committee is also run Satsangeet Kirtan Mandali. The villagers also organize massive Durga Puja in temple and devotees coming from far away areas.
# European Prize for Urban Public Space

The European Prize for Urban Public Space is a biennial award established in 2000 to recognise public space projects. It is organised by the Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona together with six other European institutions: The Architecture Foundation, Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, Architekturzentrum Wien, Netherlands Architecture Institute, German Architecture Museum and the Museum of Finnish Architecture. The number of nominations for the prize increased from 81 projects in 2000 to 347 projects in 2012, while the number of countries participating increased form 14 in the first year to 36 in 2012. Most entries have been received from Spain and only few from Central Europe.

## List of award winners

| Year | Project | Location |
| 2000 | Can Mulà new urban centre | Mollet del Vallès, Spain |
| 2000 | Smithfield Public Space | Dublin, Ireland |
| 2002 | New park and riverside walks | Zuera, Spain |
| 2002 | Stadtteilpark Reudnitz | Leipzig, Germany |
| 2004 | New system of lifts | Teruel, Spain |
| 2004 | Recovery of rubbish tip as a public park | Begues, Spain |
| 2006 | A8ernA, space below the motorway A8 | Zaanstad, Netherlands |
| 2006 | Sea organ on a new marine parade | Zadar, Croatia |
| 2008 | Barking Town Square | London, United Kingdom |
| 2010 | Open-Air-Library | Magdeburg, Germany |
| 2010 | Oslo Opera House roof | Oslo, Norway |
| 2012 | Ljubljanica river banks renovation | Ljubljana, Slovenia |
| 2012 | Landscaping of Turó de la Rovira | Barcelona, Spain |
| 2014 | Renovation of the Old Port of Marseille | Marseille, France |
| 2014 | The braided valley park | Elche, Spain |
| 2016 | Recovery of the Irrigation System at the Thermal Orchards | Caldes de Montbui, Spain |
| 2016 | Dialogue Centre “Przełomy” at Solidarność Square | Szczecin, Poland |
| 2018 | Skanderbeg Square, renovation | Tirana, Albania |
| 2022 | Catharijnesingel restoration | Utrecht, Netherlands |
# 1955 Bolivian Primera División

The 1955 Bolivian Primera División, the first division of Bolivian football (soccer), was played by 11 teams. The champion was San José.

## Torneo Integrado
### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | San José | 20 | 13 | 3 | 4 | 54 | 23 | +31 | 29 |
| 2 | Chaco Petrolero | 20 | 11 | 2 | 7 | 47 | 45 | +2 | 24 |
| 3 | Bolívar | 20 | 11 | 1 | 8 | 44 | 48 | −4 | 23 |
| 4 | Litoral | 20 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 51 | 46 | +5 | 22 |
| 5 | Deportivo Municipal | 20 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 52 | 31 | +21 | 21 |
| 6 | Jorge Wilstermann | 20 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 47 | 45 | +2 | 21 |
| 7 | The Strongest | 20 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 39 | 39 | 0 | 20 |
| 8 | Ingavi | 20 | 7 | 3 | 10 | 39 | 49 | −10 | 17 |
| 9 | Ferroviario | 20 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 35 | 46 | −11 | 16 |
| 10 | Unión Maestranza | 20 | 5 | 4 | 11 | 36 | 56 | −20 | 14 |
| 11 | Aurora | 20 | 5 | 3 | 12 | 31 | 47 | −16 | 13 |
# Boano language

Boano language may refer to:
* Boano language (Sulawesi) (Bolano)
* Boano language (Maluku)
# DLR HY4

HY4 is a four seat hydrogen fuel cell powered aircraft. It made its maiden flight on 29 September 2016 from Stuttgart Airport, powered by gaseous hydrogen. It was designed by DLR Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics of the German Aerospace Center, based on the Taurus G4, manufactured by Pipistrel.
The HY4, operated by DLR spinoff H2Fly, completed the world's first piloted electric flights powered by liquid hydrogen in September 2023, with one flight lasting over three hours.
# David Robertson (architect)

David Robertson ARSA FRIBA (1834-1925) was a Scottish architect and artist. He was three times President of the Edinburgh Architectural Association.
He was strongly linked to the United Presbyterian Church in Scotland and designed many new churches for them.

## Life

He was born in 1834 at 12 Gilmore Place in Edinburgh’s West End, the son of D J Robertson, an accountant normally resident at 27 Clyde Street. His father became City Chamberlain around 1840.
Young David was articled to the local architect David Cousin in 1850. In 1852 he entered the Trustees Academy on Picardy Place to train as a draughtsman. After further training in Liverpool he returned to Edinburgh to assist John Lessels before setting up his own practice in 1865 at 16 Picardy Place. In 1875, he moved to the larger and more prestigious address of 12 Queen Street. As an artist he began exhibiting at the Royal Scottish Academy in 1878 and served as President of the Edinburgh Arts Club.
In the 1880s he was living with his family at 19 Morningside Place in southern Edinburgh.
Although some records wrongly state that he is buried in Dean Cemetery he is buried with his wife and mother-in-law in Morningside Cemetery, Edinburgh. The grave lies to the west and has been toppled.

## Family

He was married to Jessie Beith (d.1897).

## Works

* Internal remodelling of Palmerston Place UP Church, Edinburgh (1873)
* Inchdrewer House (299 Colinton Road), Edinburgh (1876) later remodelled by Robert Lorimer
* Caerlee House, Innerleithen (1878)
* Gillespie Memorial Hall and remodelling of church interior, Kippen (1878)
* UP Church, Morningside, Edinburgh (1879)
* 54 St Albans Road, Grange, Edinburgh (1880)
* Danevale Park, a substantial mansion near Crossmichael (1882)
* Alterations to Arthur Street UP Church (off Leith Walk in Edinburgh (1883) demolished
* Alterations to Greenside Parish Church, Calton Hill in Edinburgh (1885)
* Little Church in the Field, Gorgie/Dalry, Edinburgh (1887)
* John Ker Memorial Church, Polwarth, Edinburgh (1892) demolished 1984
* Tenement and shops at 1 to 12 London Road, at head of Easter Road in Edinburgh (1893)
* Gorgie UP Church Hall (1896)
* Artist's Studios at Hospitalfield, Arbroath (1902)
* Edgar Hall, Chesser Avenue, Edinburgh (1911) (as Robertson was now 77 years old this was probably a free work done as a favour to the church)
# Briarwood Estates, Missouri

Briarwood Estates is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Missouri, United States. It is in the southern part of the county, northwest of De Soto. It is a residential community built around three lakes: Lake Briarwood, Fishermans Lake, and Spring Lake. Missouri Route 21 passes between Briarwood Estates and De Soto, leading northeast 44 miles (71 km) to St. Louis and southwest 24 miles (39 km) to Potosi.
Briarwood Estates was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.
# English Bill (1858)

The English Bill was drafted on April 23, 1858, it was an offer made by the United States Congress to Kansas Territory. Kansas was offered some millions of acres of public lands in exchange for accepting the Lecompton Constitution.
The English Bill was introduced by William Hayden English (1822–1896), a Democratic representative in Congress from 1853 to 1861. The bill itself was not a bribe to the degree that it is usually considered to be, as it reduced the grant of land demanded by the Lecompton Ordinance from 23,500,000 to 3,500,000 acres (95,000 to 14,000 km$^2$), and offered only the normal cession to new states. This grant, however, was conditioned on the acceptance of the Lecompton Constitution, and Congress made no promise of any grant if that Constitution were not adopted.
On August 21, 1858, by a vote of 11,812 to 1,926, Kansans rejected the offer.
# Corymbophyton

Corymbophyton is a monotypic genus of corals belonging to the monotypic family Corymbophytidae. The only species is Corymbophyton bruuni.
The species is found in South Africa.
# Cherry Grove, Minnesota

Cherry Grove is an unincorporated community in Fillmore County, Minnesota, United States.
The community is located 9 miles south of Wykoff, at the junction of Fillmore County 5 and 160th Street, near Forestville Mystery Cave State Park. U.S. Highway 63 and Fillmore County 14 are both in the vicinity.
Cherry Grove is located along the boundary line between York Township and Forestville Township.
Nearby places include Spring Valley, Ostrander, Etna, Wykoff, Greenleafton, Preston, and Harmony.
Cherry Grove is located 12 miles southeast of Spring Valley; and 15 miles southwest of Preston. Cherry Grove is 17 miles west-northwest of Harmony.
ZIP codes 55975 (Spring Valley) and 55965 (Preston) meet at Cherry Grove. A post office previously operated in the community of Cherry Grove from 1857 to 1893, and again from 1894 to 1903.
The South Branch Root River is nearby.
# City of Violence

City of Violence may refer to:
* City of Violence, an alternate title for the 1950 Japanese crime drama film Street of Violence
* City of Violence, an alternate title for the 1951 Italian drama film Love and Blood
* The City of Violence, a 2006 Korean martial arts film
# Blank pad rule

The blank pad rule is an American term for the legal doctrine and metaphor in common law that requires a tribunal to base its decision solely upon evidence established at trial. In the United States, the Supreme Court has established that in order for a trial to be fair and impartial, a "jury's verdict [must] be based on evidence received in open court, not from outside sources".

## Definition

The blank pad rule prohibits courts from considering evidence that has not been established at trial. The doctrine "supposes the minds of the jurors to be like empty tablets upon which the lawyers, under the supervision of the judge, inscribe everything they can legally use to decide the case". In criminal law, the doctrine has been interpreted as a right held by criminal defendants, where "an accused is entitled to a jury that goes into deliberations with their minds void of everything except evidence that has been properly validated". In the United States, the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits juries in civil cases from considering extrajudicial evidence during deliberations. The doctrine has also been applied to administrative decisions in the United States. In general, it is synonymous with the phrase tabula rasa, a latin term that means "blank tablet" or "blank slate".

## Origins

The origins of the blank pad rule have been traced as far back as the year 1164, when the Constitutions of Clarendon established that "[l]aymen are not to be accused save by proper and legal accusers and witnesses in the presence of the bishop". This principle was ultimately adopted by the common law tradition in England and the United States. In Thomas Jefferson's 1776 draft of the Virginia Constitution, he provided that all cases "shall be tried by a jury upon evidence given viva voce, in open court". In 1915, United States Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. remarked that "[a]ny judge who has sat with juries knows that in spite of forms they are extremely likely to be impregnated by the environing atmosphere".

## Application within Sixth Amendment jurisprudence

The Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides a right to a trial "by an impartial jury". Legal scholars have observed that the Sixth Amendment incorporates "blank pad rule" protections that require tribunals to "make sure that criminal convictions rest only on evidence produced in open court". In Turner v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court of the United States explained that the requirement that a verdict "must be based upon the evidence developed at the trial" is an essential component of the "fundamental integrity of all that is embraced in the constitutional concept of trial by jury". Although it did not rely upon the Sixth Amendment in Marshall v. United States, the Supreme Court of the United States ordered a new trial after the jury was exposed to "news accounts" that were not entered into evidence in court.