OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Government Legal Profession

The Government Legal Profession (GLP), formerly the Government Legal Service, is an umbrella group comprising around two thousand qualified lawyers working as civil servants in around thirty UK Government departments.
The Treasury Solicitor (currently Susanna McGibbon) is also the Head of the Government Legal Profession. GLP lawyers are mostly employed by the Government Legal Department, although based in other government departments, with some being directly employed by the department in which they work. The GLP brand is used primarily for recruitment purposes and offers training and support to GLP lawyers. The GLP Secretariat supports the work of lawyers across the GLP by providing central library services and for an intranet system, Legal Information Online Network, or LION, which can be accessed by all government lawyers, and gives access to commercial legal databases and information and articles relevant to government legal work.
Lawyers in the Government Legal Profession:
* instruct Parliamentary Counsel to draft almost all United Kingdom primary legislation;
* draft the vast majority of statutory instruments and secondary legislation in the UK;
* advise departments of the United Kingdom Government on the formulation and implementation of policy;
* provide litigation services to departments of the United Kingdom Government and the wider public sector;
* prior to Brexit, ensured European Union law was correctly implemented into UK law.
There are separate but similar structures in the devolved administrations, the Government Legal Service for Scotland and the Government Legal Service for Northern Ireland.
# Children Eating a Tart

Children Eating a Tart is a c. 1670-1675 oil on canvas painting by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, measuring 123 by 102 cm and now in the Alte Pinakothek in Munich.
Murillo and some of his near-contemporaries like Bernhard Keil (a Dane mainly active in Italy who painted some works centred on children) were the first European painters to produce works centred on children. The work belongs to a group of genre paintings of children produced by Murillo between 1670 and 1675, based - like his earlier works on that theme like Children Eating Grapes and a Melon - on street children in Seville.
# Comma pump

In music theory, a comma pump (or comma drift) is a sequence of notes, often a chord progression, where the pitch shifts up or down by a comma (a small interval) every time the sequence is traversed. Comma pumps often arise from a sequence of just intervals that combine to almost, but not exactly, a unison (1:1 ratio).

## Examples

The most common comma pump is by the syntonic comma (81:80), arising from the difference between a ditone (two 9:8 intervals, combining to 81:64) and a (just) major third (5:4). Ascending by two tones and then descending by a major third shifts pitch upwards by 81:80, and similarly for other progressions (up a fifth, down a fourth, up a fifth, down a fourth, down a major third: C G D A E C). Study of the comma pump dates back at least to the sixteenth century when the Italian scientist Giovanni Battista Benedetti composed a piece of music to illustrate syntonic comma drift. See Syntonic comma § Comma pump for more.

### Pythagorean comma

Going around the circle of fifths with just fifths results in a pump by the Pythagorean comma.

### Diesis

In 12-tone equal temperament, going up three major thirds or four minor thirds takes one back to the original note in both cases, since adjacent accidentals (such as F♯ and G♭) are enharmonically equivalent. However, in flatter meantone tunings such as 31-tone equal temperament, this results in a pump by one diesis—three major thirds end up slightly lower than the original key, while four minor thirds end up slightly higher than the original key, since adjacent accidentals are not enharmonically equivalent.
# Gajo Bulat (politician, born 1867)

Gajo Bulat (8 June 1867 – 21 March 1927) was a Croatian and Yugoslavian politician and lawyer. He studied law at the University of Zagreb, the University of Vienna and the University of Graz before graduating and starting legal career working in his the law firm of his paternal uncle and Mayor of Split Gajo Filomen Bulat. After the uncle's death 1900, Bulat continued to work in the law firm, taking it over in 1911.
Bulat was a member of the Croatian Party [hr], the political party created by merger of the People's Party and the Party of Rights in the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom of Dalmatia in 1905. He was the party's representative in the Diet of Dalmatia from 1910 until 1918. In the process of dissolution of Austria-Hungary, Bulat was elected the president of the National Council of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs for Dalmatia and appointed a member of the National Council of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs based in Zagreb as the hierarchically superior body. Both organisations were established with the aim of political unification of the South Slavs.
After the end of the World War I and proclamation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in December 1918, Bulat was appointed a commissioner for transport and public works in the provincial government of Dalmatia. He joined the Democratic Party and subsequently switched to Independent Democratic Party.
# Gajner Wildlife Sanctuary

Gajner Wildlife Sanctuary is located at a distance of about 32.0 km (19.9 mi) from Bikaner. In former times, it was a hunting ground for the Maharajah of Bikaner. There is a lake in this sanctuary and a variety of animals come here to quench their thirst in summer. This is one of the proposed forests for the reintroduction of cheetahs in India.

## Flora and fauna

The lake in this wildlife sanctuary draws a variety of bird species. The residential species include wildfowl, deer, antelope, nilgai, chinkara, black buck, desert fox and wild boar. the temperature of this area is about 40 °C
# Chandmal Tarachand Bora College

Chandmal Tarachand Bora College, is an undergraduate and postgraduate, coeducational college situated in Shirur, Pune district, Maharashtra. It was established in the year 1968. The college is affiliated with Pune University.

## Departments
### Science

* Computer Science
* Physics
* Chemistry
* Mathematics
* Botany

### Arts and Commerce

* Marathi
* English
* Hindi
* History
* Economics
* Psychology
* Library and Information Science
* Geography
* Commerce

## Accreditation

The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).
# Chandlings

Chandlings, or Chandlings Prep School, known until 2007 as Chandlings Manor School, is an independent co-educational preparatory school at Bagley Wood near Kennington, a village south of Oxford.
The school occupies a site of 62 acres (25 hectares) with a wide variety of sports and educational facilities and is a member of the Independent Association of Prep Schools.

## History

Chandlings was founded in 1994 as a co-educational day-school by the governors of Cothill House to supplement the preparatory boarding school education for boys at Cothill. In its early years, it was known as Chandlings Manor School.

## Present day

The school is operated by the Cothill Education Trust, an educational charity registered in England, which also operates other preparatory schools in England and France.
Chandlings is a co-educational school which has a nursery and a pre-prep department, which delivers an Early Years Foundation Stage programme for children up to year 2, and then a prep department, for years 3 to 6. Pupils are divided into three houses: Richardson (colour: red), Astley (dark blue) and Poltimore (green).
Among the school's facilities are an indoor heated swimming pool, tennis and netball courts, playing fields, a golf course, an area for riding motor quads, stables and extensive woods ideal for woodcraft and nature study and where a new low-ropes course has been built.
Teaching staff include the headmistress, Christine Cook, two deputy heads (pastoral and academic), a senior master and head of girls, a head of pre-prep, more than thirty form teachers, and teachers specializing in English, maths, science, modern languages, history, geography, ICT, classics and philosophy, art, music, drama and religious education, as well as a team of games and sports coaches.
Visiting performers and authors include Cressida Cowell, who, in May 2018, spoke about her writing.
The Good Schools Guide says:
   The name conjures up ancient stones, mullioned windows, the faded grandeur of an ancient aristocratic line. The reality is more of a 62-acre Southfork Ranch/nouveau Cotswold mash-up with added fountains. Parents be reassured, these well-appointed low-rise buildings do, in fact, lend themselves very well to a school.
In rural surroundings near Oxford, Chandlings and Cothill House School are near enough together to be able to share a bursar and grounds staff.

## Publications

* Clare Walsh, Get Cooking! (Chandlings Manor School, 2005, ISBN 0955006708)
# Gao Yinxian

Gao Yinxian (高银仙) (c. 1902 – February 4, 1990), an inhabitant of Jiangyong County, Hunan province, China, was the eldest of seven so-called sisters who could write Nüshu. She and Yang Huanyi, the last proficient speaker and writer of Nüshu, learned Nüshu at the same time for 3 years when she was young and a deep friendship was formed.

## Family

Her father died when she was nine years old, while her mother lived to over 70 years old. She had one younger sister and four younger brothers. Only her younger sister, Gao Fangshen (高放生), is alive today. She married Hu Xinming (胡新明) at the age of 21 and had one son and two daughters. Her elder daughter was beaten to death by the Japanese during the war. The younger daughter died in 1953, survived by her brother Hu Xiren (胡锡仁). Hu has one grandson and four granddaughters. He is the head of Xinwu Village.

## Biography

Gao Yinxian learned Nüshu when she was a girl. Considering Nüshu useful to convey thoughts, she started to learn it from her aunt and other sisters. After her marriage, she wrote down her thoughts in Nüshu during her leisure time. During the 1960s, she made friends with 6 women and seven sisters were formed. The elder is Gao Yinxian, the second is Lu Yueying (卢月英), the third is Lu Shuyi (卢树宜), the fourth is Hu Cizhu (胡慈珠), the fifth is Gao Jinyue (高金月), the sixth is Ouyang Shanshan (欧阳姗姗) and the youngest is Tang Baozhen (唐宝珍). At that time, Gao Yinxian was over 60 and Tang Baozhen was over 50. When Gao was in her later years, Tang was her closest friend. Often, Gao would write Nüshu while Tang embroidered it the writing on handkerchieves. When Lu Yueying died, Gao wrote Nüshu for her and the papers were buried with her. After Hu Cizhu died, she burned over ten books of Hu following Hu's wish.
Gao was sincere, hard-working and economical in her life. She was skilled in embroidering and drawing. She often knitted flowery bands with Nüshu as patterns. She was virtuous, kindly and never quarreled with others, for which she had very high prestige in the village. Women turned to her whatever difficulty they met with. Many people even asked her to write Nüshu for them. Gao was always willing to sing Nüshu for guests when asked.
Her spirits were low in later years. Her daughter-in-law died of illness in 1985 and her sworn sisters died in quick succession. She could only write Nüshu with Yi Nianhua (义年华) to pour out her depression and sang Nüshu with Tang Baozhen for entertainment. During the last few years, Gao wrote hundreds of articles for investigators who came to research Nüshu.
# Chandrakant Kamat

Chandrakant Kamat (26 November 1933 – 28 June 2010) was a Hindustani classical tabla player of the Benares Tabla Gharana.

## Early life and training

Kamat was born in Dhule to a Saraswat Brahmin family with strong musical traditions. His father Shantaram Kamat was a renowned Natyageet musician. Kamat started as a child artist in the Natak (musical plays) of his father's theatre company, Anandvilas, and began learning the tabla at a young age. Kamat learned from gurus Raghunath Shivalkar, Rambhau Vasht, and Digambar Yamaji Kadam, and he also trained in Indian classical dance.

## Performing career

In 1952, Kamat shifted his base to Pune and became among the most trusted tabla accompanists for Kathak dancer Rohini Bhate for over 15 years. In 1964, Kamat became a gandabandh disciple of Samta Prasad of the Benares gharana.
From 1956 to 1991, Kamat also provided tabla accompaniment in Sangeet Nataks (Marathi musical plays) that featured artists like Hirabai Badodekar and Jyotsna Bhole. During this time, Kamat also worked as a staff artist for AIR, Pune.
Kamat accompanied musicians including Bhimsen Joshi, Begum Akhtar, Hariprasad Chaurasia, Bal Gandharva, and Kumar Gandharva. Kamat's performances also extend to programs on Bhavgeet, Lavani, Thumri, and most notably Geet Ramayan.

## Awards and recognition

* 1999 - Sangatkar Puraskar
* 2001 - Vasundhara Pandit Puraskar

## Students

Pt.Chandrakant Kamat has taught tabla to many students including two sons, Subhash Kamat and Bharat Kamat, who are also Tabla players carry on his legacy. Other students are Yogesh Awlaskar, Sameep Kulkarni and Nikhil Parchure.

## Death

On the morning of Monday 28 June 2010, Kamat died of a cardiac arrest.
# Gal Basara: Sengoku Jidai wa Kengai Desu

Gal Basara: Sengoku Jidai wa Kengai Desu (ギャルバサラ 戦国時代は圏外です) is a 2011 Japanese film directed by Futoshi Sato.

## Cast

* Kasumi Arimura as Asami Ōta
* Seika Taketomi as Yū
* Moe Arai as Hiroko Kikuchi
* Hiroki Matsukata as Oda Nobunaga
* Mariko Shinoda as Nene
* Kyousuke Hamao as Yohei
* Shiori Ogiso as Mayu
* Yuria Kizaki as Nao
* Kento Kaku as Kōhei
* Ren Mori as Takuya
* Shogo Suzuki as Rikichi
* Keisuke Sohma as Gosaku
# Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano

Charles Emmanuel of Savoy, 6th Prince of Carignano (24 October 1770 – 16 August 1800) was a Prince of Savoy and later the Prince of Carignano between 1780 and 1800, and the paternal grandfather of Vittorio Emanuele II, the first king of a united Italy.

## Biography

He was a son of Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignano and Joséphine of Lorraine, and a fifth-generation descendant of Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano, founder of the Carignano line of the House of Savoy.
On 24 October 1797 he married in Turin Maria Christina of Saxony, daughter of Carl Christian Joseph of Saxony, Duke of Courland, himself son of Augustus III of Poland. They had two children.
Charles Emmanuel died three years after his marriage in a French prison. He had fought against the French in the First Coalition War, but had made peace with the Republicans after the abdication of Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia. Soon after he became a suspect and was imprisoned in the Citadel of Turin. From there he was moved to Dijon and then to Chaillot in Paris, where he died. He was buried at the Basilica of Superga.

## Issue

* Prince Charles Albert of Savoy (1798–1849), Prince of Carignano, and King of Sardinia, married Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria and had issue;
* Princess Elisabeth of Savoy (1800–1856), married Archduke Rainer of Austria and had issue.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano :
# Charles Wallace (footballer)

Charles William Wallace Midgley (20 January 1885 – 13 December 1942) was an English footballer who played as a forward for Spanish club FC Barcelona. Along with his younger brother, Percival, he was part of the first great team of FC Barcelona, with whom he scored 105 goals in just 102 matches, although this tally includes goals scored in friendlies and unofficial games.

## Club career

Born in London, his family moved to Barcelona when he was still a child. He began his career in 1905 at FC Internacional, featuring alongside the likes of Enrique Peris and Paco Bru. He helped the club achieve a runner-up finish in the 1905–06 Catalan championship, losing the title to X Sporting Club. In 1906, the club had to suspend its activities due to a lack of players, and while most of the remaining players joined FC Barcelona, Wallace instead went to FC Català, but eventually also joined Barça in 1907. In 1908, he played one game for Madrid CF on loan from Barcelona, a common practice at the time, when it was allowed to call up players from other teams. After that match, he continued to play for Barcelona.
Wallace was an integral piece of Barcelona's first great team in the early 1910s, which had the likes of Carles Comamala, Alfredo Massana, Manuel Amechazurra and Pepe Rodríguez, as well as former FC Internacional teammates Bru and Peris. Together with them, he helped the club win the Catalan championships three times in a row between 1909 and 1911, along with two Pyrenees Cups (1910 and 1911), and one Copa del Rey in 1910, in which he proved to be vital since in the final he netted Barça's first goal in an eventual 3–2 comeback win over Español de Madrid.
In October 1911, President of Barcelona Joan Gamper expelled several players from the club including Wallace Midgley, following a friendly match against Valencia, who were accused of keeping the proceeds, causing a schism in the club with the advocates of amateurism. Afterwards, Charles signed for RCD Espanyol together with his brother, and shortly before the end of the year, both joined Casual SC, together with other Barcelona dissidents such as José Quirante and the Comamala brothers (Carles and Arsenio). In 1913, Casual folded due to financial reasons and the Wallace brothers returned to FC Barcelona, for whom Charles played until his retirement in 1915.

## Honours
### Club
#### FC Barcelona

* Catalan championship:
** Champions (3): 1908–09, 1909–10 and 1910–11
* Pyrenees Cup:
** Champions (2): 1910 and 1911
* Copa del Rey:
** Champions (1): 1910

#### RCD Espanyol

* Catalan championship:
** Champions (1): 1911–12
# Charax stenopterus

Charax stenopterus is a small species of South American fish in the genus Charax.

## Description

In the wild, Charax stenopterus usually grows to about 9.4 cm.

## Distribution and habitat

Charax stenopterus usually lives in the rivers of South America.
# Ganga Saran

Rai Bahadur Ganga Saran was an Indian trade unionist and politician from Punjab. He was a member of the Punjab Provincial Assembly (British India) and both the Constituent Assembly of India and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.
In the 1946 Punjab Provincial Assembly election, Saran won as an independent candidate from a non-constituency seat reserved for Punjab Trade and Labour Unions. He was a member of the National Liberal Federation of India. Saran intended to stay in Pakistan after Pakistan, and became a member of the Punjab Provincial Assembly. On 4 July 1947, he was elected by the non-Muslim members of the (yet-undivided) Punjab Assembly to the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.
A couple of months later, Saran migrated to India and on 1 November 1947, became a member of East Punjab Legislative Assembly. Despite, he did not resign from the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. In January 1949, the "Committee on Addition and/or Redistribution of Seats", while recommending the dissolution of the two vacant non-Muslim seats in the Assembly, hinted that it was constitutionally suspect whether Saran was entitled to retain his seat.
In 1951, Saran supported Bhim Sen Sachar in a factional feud against then-Chief-Minister Gopi Chand Bhargava.
# Charles Braibant

Charles Braibant (31 March 1889, in Villemomble – 23 April 1976, in Paris) was a French archivist, author and novelist.
After qualifying as an archivist from the École Nationale des Chartes in 1914, he served as Head of the archive and library service of the French navy ("Chef du service des archives et bibliothèques de la Marine") from 1919 to 1944. While in this post, he found time to write a number of fiction and non-fiction books, and his novel Le roi dort won the Prix Renaudot in 1933.
He was Director of the National Archives of France from 1948 to 1959, and President of the International Council on Archives from 1950 to 1954.
In retirement he wrote some further non-fiction books, including Félix Faure à l’Élysée (1963) and Histoire de la Tour Eiffel (1964).
# Gary R. Mormino

Gary R. Mormino is an American historian, author, frequent contributor to the Tampa Bay Times, the Frank E. Duckwall Professor of History Emeritus, and past director of the Florida Studies Program at the University of South Florida St. Petersburg. Mormino graduated with a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and has taught at USF since 1977. In 2003, the Florida Humanities Council named him its first Humanist of the Year.
Mormino's books include Land of Sunshine, State of Dreams: A Social History of Modern Florida, published in 2005 by the University Press of Florida; Immigrants on the Hill (University of Illinois Press, 1986), winner of the Howard R. Marraro Prize as the outstanding book in Italian history; and The Immigrant World of Ybor City (University of Illinois Press, 1987), honored with the Theodore Saloutos Prize as an outstanding book in ethnic immigration history.
Mormino has also written for The Tampa Tribune, The Orlando Sentinel, and The Miami Herald.
In 2014, Mormino received the Florida Lifetime Achievement Award for Writing.
# Gary R. Heminger

Gary R. Heminger (born 1952/1953) is an American businessman, and the former chairman and chief executive of Marathon Petroleum, a US-based oil refining, marketing, and pipeline transport company, and a Fortune Global 500 company.

## Early life

Heminger earned a bachelor's degree in accounting from Tiffin University in 1976, and a master's degree in business administration from the University of Dayton in 1982.

## Career

Heminger served as the CEO of Marathon Petroleum from 30 June 2011 until 18 March 2020. Heminger began working for Marathon in 1975. He spent three years in London as audit supervisor of the Brae Project and eight years with Emro Marketing in several marketing and commercial roles. In 1991, he was named vice president of Emro Marketing’s Western Division. From 1995 to 1996, he served as president of Marathon Pipe Line Company.
Time reported in March 2018 that Heminger earned 935 times more than Marathon Petroleum's median employee.

## Memberships

Heminger was appointed to a nine-year term on the Ohio State University board of trustees by Governor John Kasich. Heminger’s term was extended from June 11, 2018, to May 13, 2027.
# Gastone Medin

Gastone Medin (1905–1973) was a Dalmatian Italian art director. He worked on more than a hundred and fifty films during his career.

## Selected filmography

* Figaro and His Great Day (1931)
* Lowered Sails (1931)
* The Table of the Poor (1932)
* La Wally (1932)
* The Last Adventure (1932)
* What Scoundrels Men Are! (1932)
* Your Money or Your Life (1932)
* Fanny (1933)
* I'll Always Love You (1933)
* Giallo (1933)
* The Missing Treaty (1933)
* Together in the Dark (1933)
* Stadium (1934)
* The Little Schoolmistress (1934)
* The Wedding March (1934)
* Full Speed (1934)
* I Love You Only (1935)
* Golden Arrow (1935)
* Joe the Red (1936)
* The Carnival Is Here Again (1937)
* The Two Mothers (1938)
* I Want to Live with Letizia (1938)
* The Document (1939)
* Frenzy (1939)
* Heartbeat (1939)
* Backstage (1939)
* A Romantic Adventure (1940)
* Two on a Vacation (1940)
* The Happy Ghost (1941)
* The Taming of the Shrew (1942)
* Once a Week (1942)
* Love Story (1942)
* Farewell Love! (1943)
* I'll Always Love You (1943)
* The Innocent Casimiro (1945)
* Eugenia Grandet (1946)
* Rome, Free City (1946)
* Biraghin (1946)
* Fire Over the Sea (1947)
* The Lady of the Camellias (1947)
* Christmas at Camp 119 (1948)
* The Force of Destiny (1950)
* His Last Twelve Hours (1951)
* Messalina (1951)
* Bread, Love and Dreams (1953)
* Fatal Desire (1953)
* Anna of Brooklyn (1958)