OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hygromia

Hygromia is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.

## Species

Species within the genus Hygromia include:
* † Hygromia carinatissima (Sacco, 1886)
* Hygromia cinctella Draparnaud, 1801
* Hygromia golasi Prieto & Puente, 1992
* Hygromia limbata (Draparnaud, 1805)
* Hygromia montana
* Hygromia odeca (Bourguignat, 1882)
* Hygromia riopida
* Hygromia striolata
* Hygromia tassyi (Bourguignat, 1884)

### Species brought into synonymy

* Hygromia folliculata Risso, 1826: synonym of Ciliella ciliata (W. Hartmann, 1821) (junior synonym)
* Hygromia kovacsi Varga & Pintér, 1972: synonym of Kovacsia kovacsi (Varga & L. Pintér, 1972) (original combination)
* Hygromia notophila Cockerell, 1924: synonym of Lindholmomneme notophila (Cockerell, 1924) (original combination)
* Hygromia radleyi Jousseaume, 1894: synonym of Landouria radleyi (Jousseaume, 1894) (original combination)
* Hygromia transsylvanica (Westerlund, 1876): synonym of Lozekia transsylvanica (Westerlund, 1876)
# ION LMD

ION LMD system is one of the laser microdissection systems and a name of device that follows Gravity-Assisted Microdissection method, also known as GAM method. This non-contact laser microdissection system makes cell isolation for further genetic analysis possible. It is the first developed laser microdissection system in Asia.

## History

At first, proto type of ION LMD system was developed in 2004. The first generation of ION LMD was developed in 2005 and then the second generation(so-called G2) was developed in 2008. At last, the third generation(so-called ION LMD Pro) was developed in 2012.

## Manufacturer

JungWoo F&B was founded in 1994, and offers various factory automation products for clients in semiconductor, consumer electronics, LCD, automotive manufacturing and ship-building industries. In 2003, the company entered the bio-mechanics business for the medical laboratory market and developed an ION LMD system which is utilized in cancer research.

## Awards

This ION LMD system has got some reliable awards.
* 2005 Excellent Machine by Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea
* 2005 Best Medical Device by Korean Medical Association
* 2006 New Excellent Product by Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, Republic of Korea
# Dumerillia

Dumerillia is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Dumerillia etythrina (Bigot, 1888)
* Dumerillia rubida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830

## Distribution

Brazil
# Chris Vargas

Chris Vargas (born January 29, 1971) is an American former gridiron football quarterback. He played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for the Edmonton Eskimos, BC Lions and Winnipeg Blue Bombers. He played college football for the Nevada Wolf Pack.

## Biography

Vargas played for Nevada in the 1990 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game, where the Wolf Pack lost to Georgia Southern, 36–13. He was then the starting quarterback for Nevada during the 1991 through 1993 seasons.
Vargas went undrafted in the 1994 NFL draft, and went on to play in the Canadian Football League (CFL). In 1997, he took over as starting quarterback for Winnipeg. He retired after the 1998 season.
In 2000, Vargas donated part of his lungs to his brother-in-law.
# Gerry Turner

Gerry Alain Turner (1921–1982) was an American photographer and children's fiction author. He worked under the name Gerry Turner.

## Life

Turner was born in 1921 in Westport, Connecticut, and died in 1982 in Westport, Connecticut.

## Photography

Turner was a well-regarded photographer, specializing in children's portraiture and travel photography. As a portrait photographer he worked with more than one thousand families in Fairfield County, Connecticut, all including natural backgrounds. A series of portraits commissioned by the Girl Scouts of the USA for presentation to the White House were included in a permanent collection there.
His works were featured on leading magazine covers and national advertisements.
The Irish Tourist Board (Fáilte Ireland) commissioned him to visit Ireland and photograph the country and its people; he returned to the country for several weeks each year on assignment for the Irish government shooting photographs for use by the both Tourist Board and Aer Lingus, Irish International Airlines.
His photography was included in the fine arts collections of various museums, and displayed in a number of one-man shows, including one in September 1977 at the Wilton, Connecticut center office of A.G. Edwards and Sons, Inc., members of the New York Stock Exchange.

## Writing

Turner wrote seven books, ranging "from science-fiction and fantasy to books of adventure for young readers and practical works in photography and fine arts." Among them were one fairy tale, Magic Night for Lillibet, one science fiction novel, Stranger from the Depths, and two works of non-fiction, Creative Crafts for Everyone and The Teen Model Fact Book. His publishers included Doubleday, Viking Press, Bobbs-Merrill, Concordia Press and American Greetings.
# Guyum

Guyum may refer to:
* Güyüm, Azerbaijan
* Guyum, Iran
# Herbert McEver

Herbert Macauley "Mac" McEver (September 14, 1906 – January 21, 1996) was an American football player and coach of football, basketball, and baseball. He served as the head football coach at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI)—now known as Virginia Tech—from 1942 to 1945, compiling a record of 9–8–1. He was co-head coach with Sumner D. Tilson in 1942. McEver was also the head basketball coach at VPI from 1937 to 1944, amassing a record of 49–71, and the school's head baseball coach From 1933 to 1939, tallying a mark of 41–72–1.
McEver played football at VPI from 1925 to 1928 as part of the famed "Pony Express" backfield. He was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 1980 and the Virginia Tech Sports Hall of Fame, which he helped organize, in 1983. He was the older brother of Gene McEver, who starred in football at the University of Tennessee and served as the head football coach at Davidson College and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

## Head coaching record
### Football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| VPI Goblers (Southern Conference) (1942–1945) ||||||
| 1942 | VPI | 7–2–1 | 5–1 | 2nd |
| 1943 | No team—World War II | | | |
| 1943 | No team—World War II | | | |
| 1945 | VPI | 2–6 | 2–5 | 9th |
| VPI: | VPI: | 9–8–1 | 7–6 | |
| Total: | Total: | 9–8–1 | | |

### Basketball

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| VPI Gobblers (Southern Conference) (1937–1944) ||||||
| 1937–38 | VPI | 6–8 | 4–5 | 10th |
| 1938–39 | VPI | 3–14 | 2–10 | 14th |
| 1939–40 | VPI | 4–15 | 1–9 | 15th |
| 1940–41 | VPI | 8–13 | 4–8 | 12th |
| 1941–42 | VPI | 10–10 | 4–8 | T–11th |
| 1942–43 | VPI | 7–7 | 3–6 | 12th |
| 1943–44 | VPI | 11–4 | 4–1 | 2nd |
| VPI: | VPI: | 49–71 | 22–47 | |
| Total: | Total: | 49–71 | | |
# Hatley, Quebec

Hatley, Quebec may refer to:
# Friedrich Wilhelm Riedt

Friedrich Wilhelm Riedt (5 January 1710 – 5 January 1783) was a German flautist, composer and music theorist of the Baroque period.

## Life

Riedt was born in Berlin to English-born parents. His birth date is sometimes given as 24 January 1712. His father served as a "silberdiener" at the court of Frederick William I of Prussia, a position which he took over after his father's death.
His flute teacher is unknown, however, it is known that he later studied composition with Christoph Schaffrath and Johann Gottlieb Graun. From 1741 he was a member of the Royal Hofkapelle of Frederick the Great, on a salary of 300 thalers. In 1749 he was a founding member of the "Musikübenden Gesellschaft" in Berlin and was its director until 1770.
Riedt composed almost exclusively for the flute. His works include numerous sonatas and concertos for flute, trio sonatas, and one concerto for horn. Six of his trio sonatas were published in Paris in 1754 under the name 'Rieds', and were dedicated to the Prussian Princess Anna Amalia.
# Eulophonotus obesus

Eulophonotus obesus is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Sierra Leone and Togo.
# Hyperpathia

Hyperpathia is a clinical symptom of certain neurological disorders wherein nociceptive stimuli evoke exaggerated levels of pain. This should not be confused with allodynia, where normally non-painful stimuli evoke pain.

## Mechanism

Hyperpathia describes the neuropathic pain which the pain threshold on one hand is elevated and the other hand is central hyperexcited whenever there is a loss of fibres. Hyperpathia is underlying the peripheral or central deafferentation when the afferent inputs are lost. Hyperpathia only occurs on neuropathic pain patients with the loss of fibres.
The International Association of the Study of Pain's (IASP) definition of hyperpathia is that: A painful syndrome characterized by an abnormally painful reaction to a stimulus, especially a repetitive stimulus, as well as an increased threshold. The definition also complies with a note which is: It may occur with allodynia, hyperesthesia, hyperalgesia, or dysesthesia. Faulty identification and localization of the stimulus, delay, radiating sensation, and after-sensation may be present, and the pain is often explosive in character. The changes in this note are the specification of allodynia and the inclusion of hyperalgesia explicitly. Previously hyperalgesia was implied, since hyperesthesia was mentioned in the previous note and hyperalgesia is a special case of hyperesthesia.
# Ebrotidine

Ebrotidine is an H$_2$ receptor antagonist with gastroprotective activity against ethanol-, aspirin- or stress-induced gastric mucosal damage. The antisecretory properties of ebrotidine are similar to those of ranitidine, and approximately 10-fold greater than those of cimetidine. Ebrotidine has anti-Helicobacter pylori activity via inhibition of the urease enzyme and the proteolytic and mucolytic activities of the bacterium. However, its activity is synergistic with a number of antibacterial agents. Ebrotidine counteracts the inhibitory effects of H. pylori lipopolysaccharides. Ebrotidine was withdrawn from the market due to risks of hepatotoxicity.
Ebrotidine has been shown to be as effective as ranitidine for the treatment of gastric or duodenal ulcers or erosive reflux oesophagitis, with significantly better ulcer healing rates (albeit inexplicably) in those who smoke.
# Hugh Toye

Colonel Claude Hugh Morley Toye MBE (29 March 1917 – 15 April 2012) was a British Army intelligence officer, academic and expert on South Asia who worked in India and Burma during World War II.
He enlisted in the ranks of the Royal Army Medical Corps and, as a Lance Corporal, was mentioned in despatches in the London Gazette 20 December 1940 under the heading "The names of the undermentioned have been brought to notice in recognition of distinguished services in connection with operations in the field. March–June, 1940."
He received a wartime emergency commission into the British Army as a second Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery after successfully passing the course at an Officer Cadet Training Unit on 10 May 1941.
Working in the Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre (India), Toye was tasked with interrogation of captured troops of the Japanese army and the Indian National Army. In private, he also admitted to being tasked with burning British Raj-era documents at Red Fort. Toye's work recording the history of the INA, The Springing Tiger published in 1959, was one of the first authoritative histories on the army penned by a western scholar.
He was granted a regular British Army commission in the rank of Lieutenant in the Royal Artillery on 28 February 1945. and was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division) in the London Gazette 1 January 1947 where he is listed as a temporary Major, Royal Artillery.
After the war Toye worked with the British army in South-east Asia. He worked in various capacities in Burma, Laos and Hong Kong and Bangkok in between short spells in Europe. He earned a PhD from Nuffield College Oxford in late 1960s.
Toye retired from the army in 1972.
# George Russell Callender

Brig. Gen. George Russell Callender (1884–1973) was an American physician and army officer. He was the commandant of the Medical Department Professional Service Schools in Washington, D. C. (now known as the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research), founding commandant of the Walter Reed Tropical Medicine Course.

## Biography

Callender was born in Everett, Massachusetts on May 13, 1884. He graduated from Tufts College Medical School, Boston in 1908, was commissioned in the Medical Reserve Corps in 1912, and entered the service (US Army) on May 18, 1913. He graduated from the Army Medical School in 1913. Afterwards he served in the Hawaii Department 1916–1918 and as a pathologist at Army Medical Center in 1939. Callender became the Assistant Commandant, then Commandant of Medical Department Professional Service Schools 1940–1946. He was promoted to Brigadier General in March 1945.
He retired from the Army in November 1946. Decorations included the Distinguished Service Medal. He was author of Malaria in Panama (1929).

## Honors and awards

Callender was awarded the Richard Pearson Strong Palladium Medal by the American Foundation for Tropical Medicine in 1946. As stated in the citation accompanying the award, "Brig. Gen. Callender's supervision, guidance and research in the school contributed directly to the achievement of the lowest sick rate of any army in the history of war. His initiative and effort were largely responsible for the creation of the course in tropical medicine and for the development of extensive research activities at the Army Medical School in 1941 before Pearl Harbor. As a result of the typhus vaccine developed in 1942 not a single United States soldier died of epidemic typhus fever."
General Callender was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, in Virginia.
# Craufurdland Castle

Craufurdland Castle is a rebuilt tower house, originating in the 16th century, about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) north east of Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire, Scotland, north of the Craufurdland Water.

## History

The property belonged to the Crawfords from the 13th century. John Crawford of Craufurdland was killed at the battle of Flodden in 1513. The castle was built in the 16th century, remodelled and extended in the 17th century, and further extended in the 18th and 19th centuries. Ownership passed to the Howiesons in 1793.
The house was restored in the 1980s, and is still occupied.
Simon Houison Craufurd, 29th Laird of Craufurdland Castle, holds the role of Washer of the Sovereign's Hands in Scotland.

## Structure

A corbelled-out battlement at one end of the original tower remains as part of the west wing. There is a basement which is vaulted, but the interior of the tower has been greatly altered. There is a fine plaster ceiling in the King’s Room, dated 1668, incorporating the arms of the Stewarts.
The 17th-century east wing is two storeys high. It is said that an underground passage connected the castle to Dean Castle, some miles away. The castle was remodelled as a crenellated mansion in Gothic style.

## Estate businesses

Some of the land on the estate is farmed. The family also run a children's nursery, holiday accommodation and other enterprises from the estate. Simon Crauford has talked about the financial struggles involved in keeping the property going and the community activities the estate carries out.

## Millionaire Hoarders

In 2023, the estate and family appeared on the Channel 4 television programme Millionaire Hoarders.
# Der goldene Drache

Der goldene Drache (The Golden Dragon) is an opera by Hungarian composer Péter Eötvös to a libretto by Roland Schimmelpfennig, based on his play of the same name. It premiered on 29 June 2014 at the Bockenheimer Depot in Frankfurt, conducted by the composer.

## History

Eötvös composed the opera in 2013/14 on a commission by ensemble modern and the Oper Frankfurt, his ninth opera. He had written operas on literary plots before, beginning with his first in 1998, Tri sestry (Three Sisters) after Anton Chekhov's play. The German libretto by Schimmelpfennig is based on his play of the same name. The play had premiered five years earlier at the Akademietheater in Vienna, staged by the author, and was awarded the Mülheimer Dramatikerpreis of 2010. Schimmelpfenig and Eötvös chose 21 short scenes from the play's 48 "disparate snapshots". The opera premiered on 29 June 2014 in Frankfurt's Bockenheimer Depot, conducted by the composer. It was staged by Elisabeth Stöppler, with stage design by Hermann Feuchter and costumes by Nicole Pleuler. The composer revised the opera in 2015. The Frankfurt production was then shown at the Bregenz Festival in August 2015. The UK premiere was toured by Music Theatre Wales in 2017, during which time it was banned from the stage of the Hackney Empire for alleged "yellowface" racism.

## Roles

The five singers required for a performance all perform several of the 18 roles, switching gender, age and culture. Their voices are amplified. The duration is given as 1 1/2 hours.
| Roles | Voice type | Premiere cast, 29 June 2014 Conductor: Péter Eötvös |
| Young woman / The little Chinese | soprano | Kateryna Kasper |
| Woman over 60 / Old cook / granddaughter / Ant / Hans / Chinese mother | mezzo-soprano | Hedwig Fassbender |
| Young man / young Asian / waitress / grandfather / Cricket / Chinese aunt | tenor | Simon Bode |
| Man over 60 / old Asian / Eve (dark-brown stewardess) / granddaughter's friend / Chinese father | tenor | Hans-Jürgen Lazar |
| Man / Asian / Inga (the blonde stewardess) / Chinese uncle | baritone | Holger Falk [de] |

## Plot and music

The story begins in a Chinese restaurant, where a cook, the Little Chinese, suffers from toothache. As an illegal immigrant, he avoids seeing a dentist. When the tooth is extracted unprofessionally in the kitchen, he bleeds to death. A stewardess finds the tooth in her bowl of soup and takes it on a trip to China.
The story is both tragic and comic, absurd, grotesque and enigmatic. The music adds even more dimensions, revealing connections and psychological aspects. It uses parlando style for many scenes, but reserves a final monologue of farewell to the Little Chinese.

## Instrumentation

The instrumentation calls for:
* woodwinds: flute (also alto flute and piccolo), oboe (also Cor anglais), clarinet, bass clarinet, bassoon (also contrabassoon)
* brass: horn, 2 trumpets, trombone
* percussion: many, and kitchen sounds
* keyboard (digital hammond and piano)
* strings (1 · 0 · 1 · 1 · 1, or 6 · 0 · 4 · 3 · 1)
# David Lomax (journalist)

David Richard Lomax (18 May 1938 – 5 September 2014) was a British television reporter and interviewer. He was best known for his contributions as a reporter to the BBC's Panorama current affairs series.

## Early life

He was born in Normanby, North Riding of Yorkshire and attended Kingswood School, Bath, Somerset. He was then called up for National Service in the Royal Air Force and served as a jet pilot achieving the rank of Pilot Officer. He graduated from Brasenose College, Oxford with a history degree.

## Career

Lomax obtained a BBC traineeship as a presenter and was a reporter on Nationwide from the late 1960s and also reported for other BBC current affairs programmes and election night broadcasts. His notable interviewees on Panorama included Idi Amin, Robert Mugabe and Steve Jobs of Apple Inc. who walked out of his interview. He also made a critical report for Newsnight about the Eurofighter Typhoon project. He was named journalist of the year in 1986 and retired to Dartmoor, Devon. He had previously lived for many years near Theale, in Berkshire, where among other activities he kept bees. For most of his life he was an avid sailor, and completed many cruises in Arctic waters, as well as an Atlantic crossing. He died aged 76 on 5 September 2014.
# Central Street Historic District

Central Street Historic District may refer to:
* Central Street District, Andover, Massachusetts, listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts
* Central Street Historic District (Millville, Massachusetts), listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts
* Central Street Historic District (Narragansett, Rhode Island), listed on the NRHP in Rhode Island
# Etienne Morin

Étienne Morin (born around 1717, perhaps in the region of Cahors and died in Kingston, Jamaica in 1771), was a trader acting between the Caribbean and Bordeaux. He is best known for the central role he played in Freemasonry in the genesis of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite.
# Hypenagonia nigrifascia

Hypenagonia nigrifascia is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by George Hampson in 1893. It is found in Sri Lanka.
# Human Desires

Human Desires is a 1924 British silent romance film directed by Burton George and starring Marjorie Daw, Clive Brook and Juliette Compton. It is also known by the alternative title of Love's Bargain.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine review, Joan Thayer, ambitious for a stage career, becomes a wife in name only to Georges Gautier, a wealthy and influential banker. She loves the young poet Henri Regnier, but he fears to ask her to marry him because of his poverty. She cannot learn to care for her husband, and a former mistress of Georges' complicates things. When Georges realizes that Joan does not care for him, he secures a divorce. Joan gives up her stage ambitions and marries her poet, while the husband is left with his memories.

## Cast

* Marjorie Daw as Joan Thayer
* Clive Brook as Georges Gautier
* Juliette Compton as Andree de Vigne
* Warwick Ward as Pierre Brandon
* Russell Thorndike as Paul Perot
* Jean de Limur as Henri Regnier
# Christopher Columbus and the Participation of the Jews in the Spanish and Portuguese Discoveries

Christopher Columbus and the Participation of the Jews in the Spanish and Portuguese Discoveries is a scholarly work by Meyer Kayserling, translated into English and published in 1894. In it, Keyserling reports on an extensive search of Spanish archives including those at Alcalá de Henares, Barcelona, Madrid, and Seville. His research showed that marranos, who attempted to shield themselves and their families from the antisemitic violence of the Spanish Inquisition by outwardly professing Christianity, were an integral part of the European colonization of the Americas. Keyserling's discovery of evidence that Luis de Torres, who sailed with Columbus in 1492, was a marrano is memorialized in the naming of Luis de Torres Synagogue in the Bahamas.
# Craufurd baronets

The Craufurd Baronetcy, of Kilbirney in south-west Scotland ("North Britain" in the terminology of the time), is a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain. It was created on 8 June 1781 for Alexander Craufurd, the member of an ancient Scottish family. The General and Major-General were elected to the Nottinghamshire East Retford (UK Parliament constituency) of the almost wholly unreformed (pre-1832) House of Commons.

## Craufurd baronets, of Kilbirney (1781)

* Sir Alexander Craufurd, 1st Baronet (c. 1729–1797)
* Sir James Gregan-Craufurd, 2nd Baronet (1761–1839)
* Sir George William Craufurd, 3rd Baronet (1797–1881)
* Sir Charles William Frederick Craufurd, 4th Baronet (1847–1939)
* Sir George Standish Gage Craufurd, 5th Baronet (1872–1957)
* Sir Quentin Charles Alexander Craufurd, 6th Baronet (1875–1957)
* Sir Alexander John Fortescue Craufurd, 7th Baronet (1876–1966)
* Sir James Gregan Craufurd, 8th Baronet (1886–1970)
* Sir Robert James Craufurd, 9th Baronet (born 1937)
The 9th Baronet has three children, all daughters and there is no heir to this baronetcy.