OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Economy of Luton

Over the centuries, due to technological and economic change, Luton's economy has changed and developed to keep pace with the rest of the UK. Major industries that are related to Luton include Brickmaking, Millinery or Hat making, Automobile production and its airport, London Luton Airport.

## Automotive

Luton has a long history of automotive manufacturing. Many firms have used Luton as a base for production including Commer, Marcos Engineering and General Motors.
Vauxhall came to Luton in 1905, just two years after the company had started to make cars. The company was taken over by GM in 1925 but continued to develop and build its own vehicles in Luton. In 1931 the truck and bus arm Bedford was created, the first Bedford vehicles were reworked Chevrolet vehicles but Bedford soon became a unique marque in its own right. During the Second World War, Vauxhall became a major supplier of lorries and also produced the Churchill Tank which were tested in the grounds of nearby Luton Hoo. The lake at Wardown Park was even used for testing vehicles to be used on D-Day.
During the 1960s the factory in Luton employed 37,000 people but from the end of the 1960s production and employment in the town was reduced, due to advances in production methods, as well as the opening of a second Vauxhall factory at Ellesmere Port in Cheshire, and the fact that General Motors was importing Vauxhall-badged cars from its West German Opel factories from them in the 1970s, as well as a new factory in Spain from 1982, as part of the integration of its Vauxhall and Opel ranges.
In 2000 the company announced that car production would end and the factory finally closed in March 2002, leaving the Ellesmere Port plant in Cheshire as the company's only remaining car plant in Britain; the remaining Vauxhall-badged models are imported from Opel factories in the rest of Europe. IBC Vehicles still has a factory in the town, producing the Vauxhall Vivaro, Peugeot Expert and Citroen Jumpy vans.

## Principal employers

According to the Luton Borough Council, the principal employers in the town are:
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
| 1 | Luton Borough Council | 8,000+ |
| 2 | Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust | 4,000+ |
| 3 | Aircraft Service International Group | 1,000–1,999 |
| 3 | Carlisle Security Services | 1,000–1,999 |
| 5 | EasyJet | 1,000–1,999 |
| 6 | Menzies Aviation | 1,000–1,999 |
| 7 | Randstad | 1,000–1,999 |
| 8 | TUI | 1,000–1,999 |
| 9 | University of Bedfordshire | 1,000–1,999 |

## Trends

This table shows regional gross value added of Luton at current basic prices published with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.
| Year | Regional Gross Value Added | Agriculture | Industry | Services |
| 1995 | 2,067 | 1 | 902 | 1,165 |
| 2000 | 2,614 | 1 | 850 | 1,763 |
| 2003 | 3,090 | 1 | 811 | 2,278 |
Notes
* ↑ components may not sum to totals due to rounding
* ↑ includes hunting and forestry
* ↑ includes energy and construction
* ↑ includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured
# Global Underground 018: Amsterdam

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Global Underground 018: Nick Warren, Amsterdam is a DJ mix album in the Global Underground series, compiled and mixed by Nick Warren. The mix is a retrospective look at a set from the Melkweg club in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Nick Warren's fourth GU mix takes him in a new direction. The mix is an altogether more mellow take on the club sound, with Nick abandoning the more dramatic peak-time moments of previous discs in favour of a mellowed, tripped-out spatial sound.
He specifically chose to reflect the work of the big progressive Dutch producers for this Amsterdam outing, deftly proving his range and versatility as a main room DJ and keeping the GU series deliciously unpredictable, despite the irresistible fondness for an annual Nick Warren hook-up.

## Track listing
### Disc one

* Weekend World Presents - "The Word" – 7:45
* Ariane - "Eternity" – 8:43
* Soul Mekanik - "I'll Call U" (Thin Red Man remix) – 7:16
* Way Out West - "Intensify" – 8:14
* Hipp-E & Tony present Soul Interactive - "Riddem Control" – 4:46
* Main Element - "Hedfuk" – 8:03
* Mumps - "Mechanisms E-H" – 4:58
* Fluke - "Bullet (Cannonball)" – 5:41
* James Niche - "Isolated" – 5:07
* PMT - "Gyromancer" – 6:01
* Soul Driver - "States of Mind" – 6:24

### Disc two

* H-Bomb - "Groove Attack" – 4:46
* DJ Gogo - "Ajuna" – 7:52
* Futureshock - "Sparc" – 6:34
* Neil Himmons - "Play" – 5:28
* Zenith - "Swarm" – 7:24
* Sonic Infusion - "Reformatted" – 5:29
* Nick Hook - "Enhanced" – 4:43
* Revolt - "Dive into the Deep" – 5:58
* Thomas Heckman & Mark Romboy - "Ultra Vixens" – 5:11
* Mark Shimmn vs 3rd Degree - "Intersteller" – 8:21
* Halo Vargo - "Future!" – 6:25
* Ariane - "Eternity (Stripped Mix)" – 1:53
# Gomphus (fungus)

Gomphus is a genus of cantharelloid fungi in the family Gomphaceae. Once presumed to be related to chanterelles, molecular study has shown them to be allied with stinkhorns and fairy clubs. The type species of the genus is the pig's ear (G. clavatus).
Christiaan Hendrik Persoon named the genus in 1797, but did not assign any species to it at the time. The generic name is derived from the Greek 'γομφος' gomphos meaning 'plug' or 'large wedge-shaped nail'.

## Species

As of September 2023, Index Fungorum accepts 12 species of Gomphus:
| Name | Taxon Author | Year | Distribution |
| Gomphus brasiliensis | Corner | 1970 | South America |
| Gomphus brunneus | (Heinem.) Corner | 1966 | Mexico |
| Gomphus cavipes | Corner | 1970 | South America |
| Gomphus clavatus | (Pers.) Gray | 1821 | Europe, North America |
| Gomphus crassipes | (Kuntze) Maire | 1937 | Spain and North Africa |
| Gomphus ludovicianus | R.H. Petersen, Justice & D.P. Lewis | 2014 | southeastern United States |
| Gomphus megasporus | Corner | 1970 | Pakistan |
| Gomphus ochraceus | (Pat.) Singer | 1945 | |
| Gomphus orientalis | R.H. Petersen & M. Zang | 1996 | China |
| Gomphus szechwanensis | R.H. Petersen | 1972 | Tibet |
| Gomphus thiersii | R.H. Petersen | 1971 | USA |
| Gomphus yunnanensis | R.H. Petersen & M. Zang | 1996 | China |
There are several undescribed species in the forests of Myrtle beech (Nothofagus cunninghamii) in Tasmania. Bruce Fuhrer noticed in 1992 that the large and ornamented spores of these species resembled those of the genera Ramaria and Beenakia.
# Jaroch

Jaroch is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bartosz Jaroch (born 1995), Polish footballer
* Gracjan Jaroch (born 1998), Polish footballer, cousin of Bartosz
# Joyce Shrubbs

Joyce Shrubbs MBE (1927–2021) joined the British military Royal Observer Corps in 1944 and retired in 1992 as its Assistant Commandant with the rank of Observer Captain. She was the only woman officer to ever hold this senior rank in the organization.

## Early and family life

Joyce Taylor was born on 6 April 1927. She had five siblings and the family lived on a farm near Swineshead in Bedfordshire. One older brother was killed in an air attack in 1940 and this encouraged her to join up.
She married George Shrubbs and they had two children. She died 2 July 2021 at a residential home in Flitwick.

## Military career

Shrubbs joined the Royal Observer Corps in 1944 when she was 17. She was initially posted to the group headquarters in Bedford, where she worked plotting courses of both allied and hostile aircraft. This work was classified so she was not allowed to talk about what she did. After the end of the Second World War, the Royal Observer Corps was closed down in May 1945, but she re-joined when it re-started in 1947 to address possible nuclear threats from the Cold War. She continued to work part-time for the Royal Observer Corps as an observer officer where the work included modelling and plotting the consequences of nuclear bomb bursts. She became Group Commandant at Bedford and in 1973 was appointed the honorary Women's Personnel Advisor to the Commandant. In 1984 Shrubbs was promoted to an area command covering about one-fifth of the UK extending north from the river Thames to the river Tees, and from the east coast of England to the central area of Birmingham. In 1991 she was promoted to Assistant Commandant of the whole organisation with the rank of Observer Captain. She was the only woman to achieve this rank. She retired in 1992.
After retirement she became initially national president of the Royal Observer Corps Association and then vice-president of the Royal Observer Corps Association in 1998.
In 2013 Shrubbs unveiled the Royal Observer Corps memorial stone within the ROC Grove of hawthorns during its dedication ceremony at the National Memorial Arboretum.
Stubbs was involved with the Royal British Legion and by 2015 she was vice-president for Bedfordshire.

## Accountancy career

She provided part-time accountancy and secretarial services to farms in Bedfordshire for around 70 years.

## Awards

In 1975 she was made MBE for her service to the Royal Observer Corps. She was earlier awarded the Royal Observer Corps Medal, with a second clasp in 1981.
In 2015 the East of England Agricultural Society awarded Shrubbs a long service Farm Business Award for 70 years service.
# Energy Act 2016

The Energy Act 2016 (c. 20) is a UK Act of Parliament relating to UK enterprise law and energy in the UK. It created a new Oil and Gas Authority, meaning that a quango rather than a government minister deals with the oil and gas industry.

## Contents

Sections 1-85 and Schs 1-2 concern the new Oil and Gas Authority (OGA).
* Section 2 transfers functions to the OGA, explained under Sch 1. SS can make regulations.
* Section 8, matters to which the OGA must have regard are: minimising future public expense, security of energy supply, storage of carbon dioxide, collaboration with the UK government and people doing ‘relevant activities’, innovation in technology and work practice, and ‘a stable and predictable system of regulation which encourages investment in relevant activities.’
* Section 9(1) permits the Secretary of State to give directions to OGA that ‘(a) are necessary in the interests of national security, or (b) are otherwise in the public interest’, (2) but under (b) only if exceptional.
* Section 12(1) - the OGA may charge fees — (a) for making a determination under Schedule 1 to the Oil Taxation Act 1975; (b) applications under s 12A of the Energy Act 1976; (c) s 3, 15, 16 or 17 of the Petroleum Act 1998; (d) for holder of a licence granted under s 3 (boring, getting petrol) or s 2 PPA 1934 (searching and getting) (e) on under s 15 of the Petroleum Act 1998; (f) for carrying out or attending any test, examination or inspection of a prescribed description; (g) under s 4 or 18 of the Energy Act 2008; (h) under section 4 or 18 of that Act; (i) for the storage by it of samples or information in accordance with an information and samples plan (see section 33(4) of this Act).
* Section 13, levy on licence holders
* Sections 78-81, wind power consent and renewables obligation: transferred consent powers for onshore windfarms to councils, apparently, amending EA 1989 s 36.
* Schedule 1, transfer of functions to OGA
* Schedule 2, abandonment, amending PA 1998 s 28A, 29, etc. on abandonment of oil and gas infrastructure, and Energy Act 2008 s 30 on abandonment of carbon storage installations.
# Incision

Incision may refer to:
* Cutting, the separation of an object, into two or more portions, through the application of an acutely directed force
* A type of open wound caused by a clean, sharp-edged object such as a knife, razor, or glass splinter
* Surgical incision, a cut made through the skin and soft tissue to facilitate an operation or procedure
* River incision, in geomorphology
* Incisions (album), by American deathcore band Oceano
* Incision (band), a Dutch hard rock band
* Incision (G.I. Joe), a fictional character
# Gymnopilus noviholocirrhus

Gymnopilus noviholocirrhus is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. This species is known only from one locality, on the island of Hahajima, growing on the species Celtis boninensis. It is thought to be extinct.
# Edgar Wilkinson

Edgar Wilkinson (birth registered October→December 1863 — 27 August 1896) was an English rugby union footballer who played in the 1880s. He played at representative level for England, and Yorkshire, and at club level for Bradford FC, as a forward, e.g. front row, lock, or back row.

## Background

Edgar Wilkinson was born in Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire, and he died aged 32 in Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire.

## Playing career

Edgar Wilkinson won caps for England while at Bradford FC in 1886 against Wales, Ireland, and Scotland, in 1887 Wales, and Scotland.
# Kevin Kelly (placekicker)

Kevin Patrick Kelly (born August 1, 1987) is a former American football placekicker. He played college football at Penn State and is second all-time in points scored for a kicker in Big Ten football history, behind Rafael Gaglianone.

## College career

Kevin Kelly was lightly recruited coming out of Neshaminy High School. He accepted a scholarship offer from Penn State over the Syracuse Orange and Delaware Blue Hens. Kelly claimed the starting placekicker position during pre-season training and became the first Penn State true freshman since Craig Fayak to start the season opener in their game against the South Florida Bulls. Kelly would go on to break Fayak's freshman scoring record. In the final game of the season, Kelly kicked the game-winning 29-yard field goal in the 2006 Orange Bowl against the Florida State Seminoles. He finished his freshman year with 16 field goals made on 23 attempts.
Kevin Kelly's second season at Penn State ended with him earning a place on the Academic All-Big Ten team. He made 22 of 34 field goals and was perfect on 30 extra point attempts. He kicked two career-long field goals of 49 yards, as well as two field goals against the Tennessee Volunteers in the 2007 Outback Bowl.
Kelly became Penn State's all-time leading scorer on November 10, 2007 against the Temple Owls at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia. He scored his first career touchdown against Michigan State on a fake field goal, taking a direct snap from the center and running into the end zone.
Kelly began the 2008 season on the Lou Groza Award watchlist. His 17-point performance (four field goals and five PATs) in Penn State's 46–17 win versus Michigan earned him Big Ten Specialist of the Week honors and pushed his career scoring total to 376 points, making him the Big Ten's all-time kick scoring leader. He broke the previous mark of 367 points held by Minnesota's Dan Nystrom and Iowa's Nate Kaeding.
At season's end, he was named a consensus first team All-Big Ten selection and recipient of a Big Ten Distinguished Scholar Award for the 2008–09 academic year.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight |
| 5 ft 7+1⁄4 in (1.71 m) | 165 lb (75 kg) |
| Values from Pro Day ||
Kelly joined the Harrisburg Stampede of the American Indoor Football Association in 2010. After teaching physical education for 2 years, Kelly took a sales position at the Philadelphia-based meeting and event center, The Hub.
# Jean Carioca

Jean Carioca may refer to:
* Jean Carioca (footballer, born 1978) (Jean da Silva Duarte), Brazilian football defender
* Jean Carioca (footballer, born 1988) (Jean Agostinho da Silva), Brazilian football midfielder
# 1815 in science

The year 1815 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

## Astronomy and space science

* October 3 – The Chassigny Martian meteorite falls in Chassigny, Haute-Marne, France.

## Biology

* Jean-Baptiste Lamarck begins publication of Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres.

## Chemistry

* William Prout anonymously publishes his hypothesis that the atomic weight of every element is an integer multiple of that of hydrogen.
* Dutch chemist Coenraad van Houten introduces alkaline salts to chocolate to reduce its bitterness.

## Earth sciences

* April 5 – Volcanic eruption of Mount Tambora on the Indonesian island of Sumbawa. About 92,000 people die as a direct consequence of this disaster, the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history. The eruption sends so much volcanic ash into the atmosphere that weather patterns around the world are altered, causing 1816 to be the "Year Without A Summer".
* August 1 – William Smith publishes the first national geological map of the United Kingdom, A Delineation of the Strata of England and Wales, with part of Scotland.

## Medicine

* July 10 – Apothecaries Act prohibits unlicensed medical practitioners in the United Kingdom.
* Cholesterol is discovered by French chemist Michel E. Chevreul, who analyzes it in human gall stones, but its causal relationship with atherosclerosis remains unknown.

## Physics

* Experiments by Jean Baptist Biot reveal polarimetry in the polarization of light in liquids.
* Atomic decay is discovered by Swedish chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius in gadolinite, a radioactive mineral damaged by alpha particles released in its own activity.

## Technology

* November 3 – Sir Humphry Davy announces his discovery of the Davy lamp as a coal mining safety lamp.
* Dental floss is invented by Levi Spear Parmly.

## Awards

* Copley Medal: David Brewster

## Births

* January 18 – Warren De La Rue, Guernsey-born astronomical photographer (died 1889)
* January 21 – Horace Wells, American dentist, pioneer of the use of anesthesia (suicide 1848)
* July 26 – Robert Remak, Polish/Prussian embryologist (died 1865)
* August 23 – Henry Acland, English physician (died 1900)
* October 31 – Karl Weierstraß, German mathematician (died 1897)
* November 2 – George Boole, English-born mathematician (died 1864)
* December 10 – Augusta Ada King (née Byron), Countess of Lovelace, English computing pioneer (died 1852)
* Peter Bellinger Brodie, English geologist and clergyman (died 1897)

## Deaths

* February 9 – Ellen Hutchins, Irish botanist (born 1785)
* February 18 – William Roxburgh, Scottish surgeon and botanist, "father of Indian botany" (born 1751)
* February 22 – Smithson Tennant, English chemist (born 1761)
* February 24 – Robert Fulton, American engineer (born 1765)
* March 5 – Franz Mesmer, German physician (born 1734)
* September – Mary Edwards, English human computer (born c.1750)
* September 20 – Nicolas Desmarest, French naturalist (born 1725)
* November 30 - Philippe Petit-Radel, French surgeon (born 1749)
# Judicial and Administrative Institutions Employees Union of Yugoslavia

The Judicial and Administrative Institutions Employees Union of Yugoslavia was a trade union in Yugoslavia, which organized employees at the courts, the ministries of Justice, Interior and Foreign Affairs, the AVNOJ bureau and similar institutions. The union was founded in Belgrade in January 1945. In the autumn of 1946, the union merged with the Economic-Administrative and Technical Institutions Employees Union, forming the State Administrative and Judicial Institutions Employees Union.
# Enargocrasis

Enargocrasis is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tineidae.
# Juniya

Juniya is a village and VDC in Gulmi District in the Lumbini Zone of western Nepal. It is surrounded by Johang VDC in the south and East, Bharse in the north and Rupakot VDC in the west. This VDC is located in a wonderful geographical location that is with high hills Lek and low hills Besi. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2827 persons living in 568 individual households.
# Indica

Indica is classical Greek and Latin for "of India".

## Historical ethnographic accounts of India

* Indica (Arrian), Arrian's account of Nearchus' voyage from India
* Indica (Ctesias), a recording of the beliefs of the Persians about India by the classical Greek author Ctesias
* Indica (Megasthenes), his account of his travels in India
* Indica, Al-Biruni's account of his travels in India

## Arts

* Indica (Argentine band)
* Indica (Finnish band)
* Indica Gallery, a London art gallery in the 1960s
* Indica Watson, English actress

## Brands and companies

* Indica Records, an independent record label founded by the band GrimSkunk
* Tata Indica, an automobile by Tata Motors, India

## Other

* Cannabis indica
* Azadirecta indica
* Dillenia Indica
* Fromia indica
# Gymnopilus ombrophilus

Gymnopilus ombrophilus is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae.
# 1761 in Denmark

Events from the year 1761 in Denmark.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Frederick V
* Prime minister – Johan Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg

## Events

* 4 January – The Danish Arabia Expedition departs from Copenhagen.
* 13 January – The Fire Insurance for All Danish Market Towns is instituted by law.

### Undated

* Georg Christian Oeder begins the publication of Flora Danica
* Johan Jacob Bruun begins the publication of his Novus Atlas Daniæ

## Births

* 22 January – Georg Nikolaus von Nissen, diplomat and music historian (died 1826)
* 15 October – Peter Grønland, composer (died 1825)

### Undated

* Edmund Bourke, diplomat (died 1821)
* Marie Cathrine Preisler, stage actress (died 1797)

## Deaths

* February 17 — Simon Carl Stanley, sculptor (born 1703)
* July 16 - Jacob Fortling, sculptor, architect and industrialist (born 1711)
* Princess Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
# Jason Maricle

Jason Maricle is a retired American soccer player who played professionally in the USISL and National Professional Soccer League.
Maricle attended Lees–McRae College where he was a 1990 NJCAA Honorable Mention All American soccer player. In 1992, he turned professional with the Dayton Dynamo of the National Professional Soccer League. In 1993, Maricle moved to the Tulsa Roughnecks for the 1993–94 USISL indoor season. Maricle was the fourth leading scorer in the USISL that season. Maricle continued to play for Tulsa during the 1995 USISL outdoor season. In the fall of 1994, he rejoined the Dayton Dynamo. In 1995, the Dynamo moved to Cincinnati, Ohio and became the Cincinnati Silverbacks. On November 20, 1995, the Silverbacks sold Maricle's contract to the Baltimore Spirit. During the summer of 1996, Maricle left the Spirit to move to Tulsa where he worked for a vinyl sign business. When he arrived in Tulsa, Maricle signed with the Roughnecks and played for them in his spare time until 1998.