OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Extinction (disambiguation)

Extinction, in biology and palaeontology, is the end of a species or other taxon.
Extinction may also refer to:

## Science

* Mass extinction, or extinction event, a widespread and rapid decrease in the amount of life on earth
* Human extinction (end of the human species)
* Language extinction, or language death
* Extinction (another word for attenuation), in physical sciences
** Extinction coefficient (another term for mass attenuation coefficient), in physical sciences
** Extinction (astronomy)
** Extinction (optical mineralogy), when cross-polarized light dims, as viewed through a thin section of a mineral in a petrographic microscope
*** Bird's eye extinction, in optical mineralogy
*** Undulose extinction, a geological term
** Ewald–Oseen extinction theorem in optics, when light changes media
* Extinction (psychology), when a conditioned response is reduced or lost
* Extinction (neurology), a neurological disorder that impairs the ability to perceive multiple stimuli of the same type simultaneously

## Film and television

* "Extinction" (Star Trek: Enterprise), television episode
* "Extinction" (Smallville episode), television episode
* Resident Evil: Extinction, a 2007 film starring Milla Jovovich
* Transformers: Age of Extinction, a 2014 Transformers film
* Extinction (2015 film), a 2015 film starring Matthew Fox
* Extinction (2018 film), a 2018 science fiction thriller film

## Literature

* Extinction (Forgotten Realms novel), a fantasy novel by Lisa Smedman
* Extinction (Bernhard novel), a 1986 novel by Thomas Bernhard
* Extinction, a science fiction novel by Ray Hammond

## Video games

* "Extinction", a game mode in the video game Call of Duty: Ghosts
* Aliens Versus Predator: Extinction, a 2003 video game for PlayStation 2 and Xbox
* Extinction (video game), a 2018 action game by Iron Galaxy

## Other uses

* Extinction (peerage), in the United Kingdom, happens when all possible heirs of a peer have died out
* "Extinction", a song by Stigmata from the album Hollow Dreams
* Extinction (album), a 1990 album by Nausea
* Extinction Rebellion, environmental campaign
# Evolution Theory (Candy Lo album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Karazen | link |
| Sony BMG Music Entertainment | link |
Evolution Theory (天演論) is Hong Kong singer Candy Lo's 9th studio album and her last with Sony Music. Lo co-produced the album with long-time collaborator Kubert Leung.

## Track listing

* 露西 (3,180,000 B.C.) Lou6 Sai1 (Lucy) – 3:32
* 天外飛仙 Tin1 Ngoi6 Fei1 Sin1 (Fairy From Wonderland) – 3:51
* 阿修羅樹海 A3 Sau1 Lo4 Syu6 Hoi2 (Asura Sea Of Trees) – 04:24
* 隔岸觀音 Gaak3 Ngon6 Gun1 Yam1 (Guan Yin from Across the Shore) – 3:53 –
* 一念天堂 Yat1 Nim6 Tin1 Tong4 (A Single Thought of Heaven) – 3:38
* 步天歌 Bou6 Tin1 Go1 (Song of the Sky Pacers) – 3:54
* 女書 Neui5 Syu1 (Women's Script) – 3:49
* 笛卡兒的長生殿 Dek6 Ka2 Yi4 Dik1 Cheung4 Saang1 Din6 (Cartesian Immortal Palace) – 3:15
* 送魂經 Sung3 Wan4 Ging1 (Sutra For Seeing Souls Off) – 3:25
* 敵托邦的拾荒姑娘 Dik6 Tok3 Bong1 Dik1 Sap6 Fong1 Gu1 Neung4 (Junk Girl Of Dystopia) – 3:10
* 阿修羅樹海 (國) Ā Xiū Luó Shù Hǎi (Asura Sea Of Trees) – 4:24
* 露西 (3,180,000 B.C. – ) Lù Xī (Lucy) – 3:36
* This article about a Hong Kong album is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Cowbell (disambiguation)

Cowbell may refer to:
* Cowbell, a bell worn by freely roaming livestock, making animals easier to locate
* Cowbell (instrument), a percussion instrument

## Popular culture

* Cow Belles, Disney Channel movie starring Alyson Michalka and Amanda Michalka
* "More cowbell", a pop-culture phrase made famous in a Saturday Night Live sketch
* Cowbell Man, New York Mets fan Eddie Boison who is a stadium fixture at games
# Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Baron Conway

Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Ragley, 1st Baron Conway of Killultagh, MP, PC (Ire) (28 May 1679 – 3 February 1731/1732), was a British politician, born Francis Seymour.

## Background

Born Francis Seymour, he was the second son of Sir Edward Seymour, 4th Baronet, by his second wife Letitia, daughter of Alexander Popham. This branch of the Seymour family descended from Sir Edward Seymour, son of Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset by his first wife Catherine Filliol. His nephew Sir Edward Seymour succeeded as 8th Duke of Somerset in 1750. On the death of his elder brother Popham Seymour-Conway in 1699, Francis succeeded to the estates of his mother's relative Edward Conway, 1st Earl of Conway, and assumed the same year by Royal licence the additional surname of Conway.

## Political career

Conway sat as Tory Member of Parliament for Bramber from 1701 to 1703. In 1703 he was raised to the Peerage of England as Baron Conway of Ragley, in the County of Warwick, and in 1712 he was created Baron Conway of Killultagh, in the County of Antrim, in the Peerage of Ireland. From 1728 to 1732 Lord Conway was Governor of Carrickfergus and was sworn of the Irish Privy Council in 1728.

## Marriages and issue

Lord Conway married firstly Lady Mary, daughter of Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester, on 17 February 1703/1704. They had four daughters:
* Hon. Letitia Seymour-Conway (17 October 1704 – 1723)
* Hon. Mary Seymour-Conway (August 1705 – 1728), married Nicholas Price
* Hon. Henrietta Seymour-Conway (1706 – 10 May 1771)
* Hon. Catherine Seymour-Conway (1708 – 14 June 1737)
After Lady Mary's death in Northwicke on 25 January 1708/1709 he married secondly Jane Bowden, of Drogheda, in that same year, by whom he had two children:
* Hon. Edward Seymour-Conway (d. 8 April 1710)
* Hon. Jane Seymour-Conway (d. 5 May 1749)
After Jane's death in Sandywell, Gloucestershire, on 13 February 1715/1716 he married thirdly Charlotte, daughter of John Shorter, of Bybrook, Kent, and wife, in July 1716.
* Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford (1718–1794)
* Field Marshal Hon. Henry Seymour Conway (1721–1795)
* Hon. Charlotte Seymour-Conway (22 July 1717 – September 1717)
* Hon. George Augustus Seymour-Conway (b. August 1723), died an infant
* Hon. Arabella Seymour-Conway, died young
* Hon. Anne Seymour-Conway (d. 24 March 1774), married John Harris on 10 March 1755 and had issue
* Hon. Charles Seymour-Conway, died young
Lord Conway died in February 1732 in Lisburn, aged 52, and was succeeded by his eldest son by his third wife, Francis Seymour-Conway, who was created Earl of Hertford in 1750 and Marquess of Hertford in 1793. Lady Conway died on 12 February 1733/1734.
# HD 34968

HD 34968 is a binary star system in the southern constellation Lepus. The combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.69 is bright enough to be visible to the naked eye. The distance to HD 34968 can be estimated from its annual parallax shift of 8.7 mas, yielding a range of 374 light years. It is moving further away from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of 31 km/s, having come within 118.6 ly some 3,686,000 years ago.
The primary member, component A, is a magnitude 4.73 star. Houk and Smith-Moore (1978) gave this object a stellar classification of A0 V, indicating it is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star. Gray and Garrison (1987) classified it as B9.5 III and noted that the spectrum is slightly variable. It is 99.2%±2.6% of the way through its main sequence lifetime, with 3.34 times the mass of the Sun and 2.0 times the Sun's radius. The star is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 84 km/s. It is radiating 245 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 10,046
The fainter secondary, component B, is a magnitude 8.45 star at an angular separation of 4.1″ along a position angle of 279°, as of 2008.
# Euphorbia sarawschanica

Euphorbia sarawschanica, the Zeravshan spurge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to Central Asia. It is a clumping, deciduous herb with narrow, blue-green leaves and greenish-yellow flowers. The Royal Horticultural Society considers it to be a good plant to attract pollinators.
# Deovići

Deovići is a village in the municipality of Hadžići, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 61.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 60 | 98.4% |
| Serbs | 1 | 1.6% |
| Total | 61 | 100% |
# Duke Homestead and Tobacco Factory

Duke Homestead State Historic Site is a state historic site and National Historic Landmark in Durham, North Carolina. The site belongs to the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural resources and commemorates the place where Washington Duke founded the nation's largest early-20th-century tobacco firm, the American Tobacco Company.

## History

The Duke Homestead was built about 1852 by Washington Duke, on a farm that was about 300 acres (120 ha) in size when the American Civil War broke out. During the war, the property was, like many others, looted by Union Army. With little left beyond a small supply of tobacco, the family shifted from tobacco farming to tobacco processing, introducing cigarettes in 1881 to compete with loose-leaf tobacco.
This property is where the Dukes did their early tobacco processing, eventually moving into downtown Durham in 1874. The Duke business was incorporated as the American Tobacco Company in 1890, and was the largest tobacco company in the world until an antitrust suit broke it up in 1911.
In 1931, the farm was purchased by Duke University, and in 1966, the Duke Homestead was designated a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service. It became a North Carolina State Historic Site in 1974, administered by the North Carolina State Division of Archives and History.

## Description

The property now consists of more than 40 acres (16 ha) of the original Duke lands, on which stand the original Duke Homestead and several barn-like "factory" structures in which the Dukes cured, processed, and packed their tobacco. The very first building in which they worked, a log barn, was destroyed by fire, and was reconstructed in 1931.

## Museum

Today, the site is a museum where tourists can view the restored 1852 Duke Homestead with four furnished rooms, tobacco barns and various artifacts. The visitor center features the Tobacco Museum, with exhibits about tobacco farming, processing and the history of tobacco. Various readings and presentations are available in the Visitor Center.
# Computer-aided garden design

Computer-aided garden design describes the use of CAD packages to ease and improve the process of garden design. Professional garden designers tend to use CAD packages designed for other professions. This includes architectural design software for the drafting of garden plans, 3-D software and image-editing software for visual representation. But tailor-made computer-aided design software is made for the amateur garden design market. It contains some of the functionality of the more advanced programs, packaged in an easy-to-use format.
# El Huique

El Huique is a Chilean village located north of Palmilla, Colchagua Province.
# Extinction (optical mineralogy)

Extinction is a term used in optical mineralogy and petrology, which describes when cross-polarized light dims, as viewed through a thin section of a mineral in a petrographic microscope. Isotropic minerals, opaque (metallic) minerals, and amorphous materials (glass) do not allow light transmission under cross-polarized light (i.e. constant extinction). Anisotropic minerals specifically will show one extinction for each 90 degrees of stage rotation.
The extinction angle is the measure between the cleavage direction or habit of a mineral and the extinction. To find this, simply line up the cleavage lines/long direction with one of the crosshairs in the microscope, and turn the mineral until the extinction occurs. The number of degrees the stage was rotated is the extinction angle, between 0-89 degrees. 90 degrees would be considered zero degrees, and is known as parallel extinction. Inclined extinction is a measured angle between 1-89 degrees. Minerals with two cleavages can have two extinction angles, with symmetrical extinction occurring when minerals have multiple angles that are the same. Minerals that have no cleavage or elongation can not have an extinction angle.
Minerals with undulose extinction, solid solution/zonation, or other factors (e.g. bird's eye extinction in mica) that may inhibit this measure and may be more difficult to use.
# Jackie Overfield

Jackie Overfield (14 May 1932 – 29 December 2022) was an English professional footballer who played as a left winger.

## Career

Born in Leeds, Overfield attended Victoria Road School. He spent his early career with Ashley Road Methodists and Yorkshire Amateur before signing for Leeds United in 1953. He later played for Sunderland, Peterborough United, and Bradford City.
Overfield died in Leeds on 29 December 2022, at the age of 90.
# Guild Theatre

Guild Theatre may refer to:
* August Wilson Theatre, formerly Guild Theatre, Broadway, Manhattan, New York
* Guild Theatre, Melbourne, at the University of Melbourne
* Guild Theatre (Portland, Oregon)
# Francis Seymour Stevenson

Francis Seymour Stevenson (24 November 1862 – 9 April 1938) was a British Liberal Party politician, author and scholar. He was elected at the 1885 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for Eye in Suffolk, and held the seat until his resignation from the House of Commons on 19 March 1906 (after that year's general election) by becoming Steward of the Manor of Northstead.
Stevenson resided at Playford Mount, Suffolk, and at 5 Ennismore Gardens, London. He was born in British Mauritius, where his father, William Stevenson, was Governor, and baptized at Moka, Mauritius. He was educated at Lausanne, Harrow, and at Balliol College, Oxford where he matriculated on 29 January 1881 at age 18. He was an Exhibitioner from 1879 to 1884 (Honors: 2 Classical Mods. 1882, and 1st class Literary Humanities 1884) with Bachelor of Arts 1884 and was a student of Lincoln's Inn in 1883. In Suffolk, he served as J.P and D.L, as well as M.P. for their Eye Division from 1885. He served as President of the Anglo-Armenian Association from 1892 and on the Civil List Committee in 1901. He was Parliamentary Charity Commissioner for England and Wales from 1894 to 1895. He also served as County Alderman for East Suffolk and was Knight Commander of the Greek Order of the Redeemer.
Stevenson scholarly works include Parish Councils (1892); Historic Personality (1893); The Case for the Armenians (1893); Life of Robert Grosseteste, Bishop of Lincoln (1899); Poems: In Various Moods for Various Ages (1911); A History of Montenegro (1912); November Sunsets: And Other Poems (1919); and Conflict and Quest (1926).
# Cyclodes (moth)

Cyclodes is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae.

## Description

Palpi smoothly scaled, where the second joint reaching vertex of head and minute third joint. Antennae simple. Thorax hairy. Abdomen with strong ridges of coarse hair. Tibia slightly hairy and spineless. Forewings with nearly rectangular apex. Outer margin obliquely rounded. Hindwings with vein 5 arise from above the angle of cell.

## Species

* Cyclodes omma Hoeven, 1840
* Cyclodes spectans Snellen, 1886
# Euphorbia schweinfurthii

Euphorbia schweinfurthii is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
# Humboldt-Viadrina School of Governance

The Humboldt-Viadrina School of Governance was a higher education school in Berlin, Germany from 2003 to 2014, established through a unique partnership between two public universities: Viadrina European University in Frankfurt (Oder) and the Humboldt University of Berlin, one of Berlin's oldest universities. Dr. Gesine Schwan, a two-time presidential nominee of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) was the founder and president of the school. The School aimed to be a forum that contributes to the development of intelligent solutions for current social problems.

## Academic programs

The School offered two master's programs, both consisting of part-time on-campus sessions in Berlin and distance learning online. The degree programs continue to be administered by the European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder). Former and current students receive a degree from both the Humboldt University Berlin and Viadrina University.

## Admissions

A selection committee composed of representatives from both universities reviewed all the applications received.

## Resources

The Humboldt-Viadrina building included a library that served as an interdisciplinary resource on the subject of civil society, philanthropy and the nonprofit sector.

## External Links & References

* http://www.humboldt-viadrina.org/
52°31′06″N 13°22′50″E﻿ / ﻿52.5184°N 13.3805°E﻿ / 52.5184; 13.3805
# Good to Be Alive

Good to Be Alive may refer to:
* Good to Be Alive (Long John Baldry album)
* Good 2b Alive, an album by Steelheart
* "Good to Be Alive" (DJ Rap song)
* "Good to Be Alive" (Slash's Snakepit song)
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by Meghan Trainor from The Peanuts Movie and Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by Tina Charles
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by Matthew Dear from Asa Breed
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by Jason Gray from A Way to See in the Dark
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by Nitty Gritty Dirt Band from Speed of Life
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by The Pillbugs from Buzz for Aldrin
* "Good to Be Alive", a song from the musical farce Lucky Stiff
* "Good to Be Alive (Hallelujah)", a song by Andy Grammer
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by They Might Be Giants
* "Good to Be Alive", a song by SM Town from 2022 Winter SM Town: SMCU Palace
# Elachista kakamegensis

Elachista kakamegensis is a moth of the family Elachistidae that is endemic to Kenya.
The wingspan is about 5.3 mm for males and 6.8 mm for females.

## Etymology

The species name refers to Kakamega, the type locality.
# Exile Express

Exile Express is a 1939 American drama film directed by Otis Garrett and starring Anna Sten, Alan Marshal and Jerome Cowan.

## Plot

After being wrongly implicated in the murder of her scientist boss by foreign agents, a young immigrant woman is placed on board an "exile express" from California to New York City where she is to be deported after her arrival at Ellis Island. With the help of a journalist who has fallen in love with her, she jumps the train and sets out to prove her innocence.

## Cast

* Anna Sten as Nadine Nikolas
* Alan Marshal as Steve Reynolds
* Jerome Cowan as Paul Brandt
* Walter Catlett as Gus
* Jed Prouty as Hanley
* Stanley Fields as Tony Kassan
* Leonid Kinskey as David
* Etienne Girardot as Caretaker
* Irving Pichel as Victor
* Harry Davenport as Dr. Hite
* Addison Richards as Purnell
* Feodor Chaliapin Jr. as Kaishevshy
* Spencer Charters as Justice of the Peace Henry P. Smith
* Byron Foulger as Serge
* Don Brodie as Mullins
* Henry Roquemore as Constable
* Vince Barnett as Deputy Constable
* Maude Eburne as Mrs. Smith

## Production

It was the first film Sten had made in the United States since leaving her contract with Samuel Goldwyn after The Wedding Night (1935). Since then Sten had appeared in a single film A Woman Alone (1936) in Britain. Exile Express was made by the small Grand National Pictures, which went out of business the same year after producing several large-budgeted films which didn't recoup their costs.
# Gunter Thielen

Gunter Thielen (born 4 August 1942 in Quierschied) was chairman and chief executive officer of the Bertelsmann Stiftung.
He graduated from RWTH Aachen University with a PhD in mechanical engineering and economics. He was a manager at BASF from 1970 to 1976 and a technical director at the Wintershall refinery from 1976 to 1980.
He was chief executive officer of Arvato AG, from 1985 to 2001. He was CEO of Bertelsmann AG from August 2002 until January 2008 when he was succeeded by Hartmut Ostrowski.
In 2005, he received the Johns Hopkins University Global Leadership Award. He is on the International Advisory Board of the Atlantic Council.
# Frank Schoonover

Frank Earle Schoonover (August 19, 1877 – September 1, 1972) was an American illustrator who worked in Wilmington, Delaware. A member of the Brandywine School, he was a contributing illustrator to magazines and did more than 5,000 paintings.

## Early life

Schoonover was born on August 19, 1877, in Oxford, New Jersey. He studied under Howard Pyle at the Drexel Institute in Philadelphia.

## Career

Schoonover became part of what would be known as the Brandywine School when he opted to study art rather than the ministry. A prolific contributor to books and magazines during the early twentieth century, the so-called "Golden Age of Illustration", he illustrated stories as diverse as Clarence Mulford's Hopalong Cassidy stories and Edgar Rice Burroughs's A Princess of Mars. In 1918 and 1919, he produced a series of paintings along with Gayle Porter Hoskins illustrating the American forces in the First World War for a series of souvenir prints published in the Ladies Home Journal. Over the course of his career, he made more than 5,000 paintings, many of which were influenced by his travels and the people he met.
Schoonover helped to organize what is now the Delaware Art Museum and was chairman of the fundraising committee charged with acquiring works by Howard Pyle. In his later years he restored paintings including some by Pyle and turned to easel paintings of the Brandywine and Delaware landscapes. He also gave art lessons, established a small art school in his studio, designed stained glass windows, and dabbled in science fiction art (illustrating Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars), he was known locally as the “Dean of Delaware Artists.”

### Alvin York painting

Schoonover’s name received national attention in 2011 when his painting of World War I hero Alvin C. York was returned to York’s home state of Tennessee. Businessman and philanthropist Allan Jones of Cleveland, Tennessee, purchased the painting on Veteran’s Day from the Blakeslee Gallery in Wellington, Florida.
Jones said, "When I learned that Mr. Blakeslee would consider selling the painting to the right buyer, I felt it was essential to bring this piece back to its rightful home in Tennessee and have the painting here on Veterans Day 11-11-11."
Prior to being acquired by Jones, the painting was on loan to the 82nd Airborne Division War Memorial Museum.

## Death and legacy

Schoonover died on September 1, 1972, in Wilmington, Delaware, at 95.
The Delaware Art Museum and the Hagley Library maintain an archive of his work and a number of his paintings are held at the Delaware Art Museum.
* Hopalong Takes Command, 1905. Oil on canvas
* Cover illustration of Edgar Rice Burroughs's A Princess of Mars, 1917
* Cover of Blackbeard, Buccaneer, 1922
* Hans Brinker
# HMS Constance (1846)

HMS Constance was a 50-gun fourth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy launched on 12 May 1846. She had a tonnage of 2,132 and was designed with a V-shaped hull by Sir William Symonds. She was also one of the last class of frigates designed by him. On her shakedown voyage from England to Valparaiso she rounded Cape Horn in good trim, her captain for this voyage being Sir Baldwin Wake Walker, who commented "I think her a good sea boat, and a fine man of war". On the voyage she encountered a hurricane at 62° south. Walker wrote that "nothing could have exceeded the way she went over it, not even straining a rope yarn". In August 1848, her captain George William Courtenay, for whom the town of Courtenay was named, led 250 sailors and marines from Fort Victoria to try to intimidate the Indians.
In 1848, she became the first Royal Naval vessel to use Esquimalt as her base.
In 1859, she was involved in the bombardment of Dwarka in the state of Gujarat in north western India.
In 1862, she was converted to screw propulsion using a compound steam engine designed by Randolph & Elder. She was the first Royal Naval ship to be fitted with this class of engine, and won a race against two frigates from Plymouth to Madeira in 1865.
Her crew and officers were quarantined aboard whilst berthed at Port Royal on 26 October 1867 during an outbreak of Yellow Fever