OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elgin, New Zealand

Elgin is a suburb of Gisborne, in the Gisborne District of New Zealand's North Island. It is located east and north of Awapuni, south of Te Hapara and west of Gisborne Central.

## Demographics

Elgin covers 1.04 km$^2$ (0.40 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 2,830 as of June 2023, with a population density of 2,721 people per km$^2$.
Elgin had a population of 2,583 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 288 people (12.5%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 282 people (12.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 843 households, comprising 1,287 males and 1,296 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.99 males per female. The median age was 31.0 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 660 people (25.6%) aged under 15 years, 597 (23.1%) aged 15 to 29, 1,008 (39.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 318 (12.3%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 40.0% European/Pākehā, 69.0% Māori, 8.9% Pacific peoples, 2.2% Asian, and 1.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 6.2, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 48.5% had no religion, 34.6% were Christian, 6.5% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.2% were Hindu, 0.1% were Buddhist and 1.4% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 135 (7.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 528 (27.5%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $22,100, compared with $31,800 nationally. 90 people (4.7%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 861 (44.8%) people were employed full-time, 267 (13.9%) were part-time, and 156 (8.1%) were unemployed.

## Parks

The Reynolds Creek Reserve and Sandown Park is a local park which allows dogs on leashes.

## Education

Elgin School is a Year 1-6 state primary school with a roll of 51.
Cobham School is also a Year 1-6 state primary school with a roll of 25.
Both schools are co-educational. Rolls are as of August 2024.
# In re Sherwood

In re Sherwood was a case decided in 1980 by the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals. It dealt with a patent regarding the analysis of seismological data.

## Case details
### Background

In 1975, John Sherwood filed a patent for an invention referred to as "Continuous Automatic Migration of Seismic Reflection Data with Waveform Preservation." The invention involved using a computer to measure and analyze seismological data. The patent application was initially rejected on two grounds: that it was unpatentable subject matter and that the 35 U.S.C §112's "best mode" requirement was not fulfilled. This rejection was affirmed by the United States Patent and Trademark Office Board of Appeals. Sherwood then appealed to the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals.

### Issues

There were two issues before the court. First was the matter of whether or not the subject matter of the patent was patentable—the examiner and the board had claimed that the patent was for algorithms and thus unpatentable. Second, the court had to decide whether or not the fact that the patent did not disclose source code meant the "best mode" requirement was unfulfilled.

### Decision

The court reversed the decision of the board on both grounds, finding that there was more to the patent claim than just algorithms and that source code disclosure was unnecessary, as someone "skilled in the art" could write the necessary source code.

## Importance

In re Sherwood was important primarily because it is one of the first cases to establish that source code disclosure is not necessary for fulfillment of the "best mode" requirement.
# Gutenberg (crater)

Gutenberg is a lunar impact crater that lies along the west edge of Mare Fecunditatis, in the eastern part of the visible Moon. It is named after German inventor Johannes Gutenberg. To the southeast are the craters Goclenius, Magelhaens and Colombo. To the west-southwest is the crater Gaudibert, across the Montes Pyrenaeus that run south from Gutenberg.
The rim of Gutenberg is worn and eroded, most notably in the east where it is broken by the overlapping crater Gutenberg E. This crater in turn has gaps in its southeast and southwest rims, forming a passage to the lunar mare to the east. There are also clefts and valleys in the southern rim where it joins Gutenberg C. The crater Gutenberg A intrudes into the southwest rim.
The floors of Gutenberg and Gutenberg E have been flooded in the past by lava, forming a relatively flat plain across the bottom. This surface is broken across the northeast by a pair of clefts that form a part of the Rimae Goclenius. These extend northwest from the Goclenius region. The central rise of Gutenberg is a semi-circular range of hills that are the most prominent in the south, and the concave part lies open to the east. The floor is otherwise not marred by any significant craters.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Gutenberg.
| Gutenberg | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 9.0° S | 39.9° E | 15 km |
| B | 9.1° S | 38.3° E | 15 km |
| C | 10.0° S | 41.1° E | 45 km |
| D | 10.9° S | 42.8° E | 20 km |
| E | 8.2° S | 42.4° E | 28 km |
| F | 10.2° S | 42.6° E | 8 km |
| G | 6.0° S | 40.0° E | 32 km |
| H | 6.7° S | 39.0° E | 5 km |
| K | 7.2° S | 40.8° E | 6 km |
# Fällman

Fällman is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Fällman (born 1990), Swedish footballer
* Johanna Fällman (born 1990), Swedish ice hockey player
# 16P

16P may refer to:
* 16P/Brooks, a comet
* SpaceShipOne flight 16P, a commercial spaceflight
# Giovanni Grassi (disambiguation)

Giovanni Grassi may refer to:
* Giovanni Battista Grassi (1854–1925), Italian physician and zoologist
* Giovanni Antonio Grassi (1775–1849), Italian Jesuit and educator
# Gaoyou North railway station

Gaoyou North railway station (Chinese: 高邮北站) is a railway station in Jieshou, Gaoyou, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China. It opened with the remaining section of the Lianyungang–Zhenjiang high-speed railway on 11 December 2020. During construction, this station was called Jieshou (界首).
# Goin' Crazy (Natalie song)

"Goin' Crazy" is a song written and performed by American singer Natalie. It was released as her debut single from the album Natalie in the United States as a digital download on February 22, 2005, and as a CD single on March 15, 2005.

## Song background

Natalie was initially signed to Latium Entertainment as a rapper before she began singing hooks. She had become known within the underground rap circles in her hometown of Houston, Texas that originally caught the attention of her production team. While working on her own material, Natalie was asked to sing hooks for other artists' tracks. "Goin' Crazy" was the first singing song Natalie wrote, and "That's why it has that rap [like] monologue going on..."
A radio program director in Tulsa, Oklahoma found the original mp3 and immediately began to spin it in regular rotation. Quickly, the song became the number one most requested on the radio station and went into power rotation leading to other radio programmers taking notice of the single.

## Music video

The music video for "Goin' Crazy" was directed by Ray Kay.
After Natalie's partner leaves her to go on tour, she's seen walking through her neighborhood in slow motion. At the end, her partner appears on TV, mentioning his absence from Natalie.

## Track listings and formats

Digital download EP Released February 22, 2005
* "Goin' Crazy" (radio version) – 3:54
* "Goin' Crazy" – 4:53
* "Goin' Crazy" (instrumental version) – 4:54
US CD single B0004381-32; released March 15, 2005
* "Goin' Crazy" (main) – 4:54
* "Goin' Crazy" (remix; Urban mix featuring Big Gem) – 4:16
* "Goin' Crazy" (instrumental) – 4:54
* "Goin' Crazy" (dance mix) – 7:53

## Chart performance

"Goin' Crazy" first entered the Billboard Rhythmic chart in December 2004, and reached the Billboard Hot 100 in February 2005, ultimately peaking at number 13 in April 2005. It debuted and peaked at number 75 in Australia in June 2005.
# Elijah Murdock Farm

Elijah Murdock Farm was a historic home located near Yellow Sulphur, Montgomery County, Virginia. The main dwelling was a two-story, three-bay, hall-parlor-plan dwelling with a two-story log and frame ell. Also on the property was a contributing washhouse of weatherboarded frame construction, a double-crib log corn crib, a board-and-batten-sided frame outbuilding, and the site of a spring house.
The farmstead was listed on the National Register partly for its architecture and also for the site's archeological potential: it was deemed "an excellent example of a relatively undisturbed historic farmstead" with likely valuable deposits relating to occupation and use of the farmstead in the 1800s.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
The house has been demolished.
The site was delisted from the National Register in 2001.
# El Ahorro Supermarket

El Ahorro Supermarket is a supermarket chain in Texas, United States. It caters to Hispanic Americans. As of 2010 Rafael Ortega heads the chain. Ortega also owns the La Michoacana Meat Markets chain. The Spanish word "ahorro" means "saving."
As of 2010 El Ahorro had 15 regular stores in Texas. During that year the company entered an agreement with Supervalu, owner of the Save-A-Lot chain. The companies agreed to convert six former Save-A-Lot stores into co-branded Supervalu El Ahorro stores. The partnership that operates the co-branded stores is named Adventure Supermarkets LLC. Of the co-branded stores, three are in Houston, one is in Brownsville, one is in Harlingen, and one is in Victoria. Operations as "Save-A-Lot El Ahorro" began at the end of May 2011. After the Davis Food City chain of stores closed in 2007, some locations were acquired by El Ahorro in 2008.
# Fällfors

Fällfors is a town located in Västerbotten, Sweden. The nearby town to Fällfors is Jörn.
# Khair

Khair is a town and a municipal board in Aligarh district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Khair is the biggest town of Aligarh district. It is situated around 27 km from Aligarh, 114 km from Delhi and 60 km from Mathura.

## History

The town was held by Amar Singh Jat during the 17th century. Amar Singh revolted against the Mughal Empire and declared his independent. He also built the fortress of Rait and became the leader of the rebels of Tappal, Khurja, Koel, Chandausi and Atrauli parganas.

## Demographics

As of 2011 Indian Census, Khair had a total population of 35,751, of which 19,019 were males and 16,732 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 5,322. The total number of literates in Khair was 20,334, which constituted 56.9% of the population with male literacy of 63.4% and female literacy of 49.4%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Khair was 66.8%, of which male literacy rate was 74.5% and female literacy rate was 58.0%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 6,485 and 6 respectively. Khair had 5883 households in 2011.

## Education

* Panchsheel City School Khair
# 1-2-AX working memory task

The 1-2-AX working memory task is a cognitive test which requires working memory to be solved.
It can be used as a test case for learning algorithms to test their ability to remember some old data. This task can be used to demonstrate the working memory abilities of algorithms like PBWM or Long short-term memory.

## Description

The input of the task is a sequence of the numbers/letters 1, 2, A, X, B and Y, and additional distracting instances of 3, C and Z which should be ignored. For each character of input in sequence, the subject must respond with left (L) or right (R).
The two target sequences that the subject is looking for are A-X and B-Y. When the subject encounters a 1 they must switch to looking for A-X, and when they encounter a 2 they must switch to looking for B-Y.
While looking for A-X, if the subject encounters an X having seen an A previously (and similarly for a Y while looking for B-Y), and where that previous letter was not part of an earlier sequence, they respond R to mark the end of that sequence; their response to all other characters should be L.

### Examples

| Input | 2 | 1 | A | A | X | X | Y | A | X |
| Output | L | L | L | L | R | L | L | L | R |
| Input | 1 | 2 | A | B | X | Y | A | C | Z |
| Output | L | L | L | L | L | R | L | L | L |

## Requirements for algorithms

To solve this task, an algorithm must be able to both remember the last number 1 or 2 and the last letter A or B independently. We refer to this memory as the working memory. This memory must persist all other input. In addition, the algorithm must be able to strip out and ignore the letters C and Z.

### Solutions
#### Pseudocode

For traditional computer models, both requirements are easy to solve. Here is some Python code (kind of pseudocode but works) where the function next_output gets one single number/letter as input and returns either a letter or nothing. next_outputs is there for convenience to operate on a whole sequence.
Example:

#### Finite-state machine

Similarly, this task can be solved in a straightforward way by a finite-state machine with 7 states (call them ---, 1--, 2--, 1A-, 2B-, 1AX, 2BY).

#### Neural network

This task is much more difficult for neural networks. For simple feedforward neural networks, this task is not solvable because feedforward networks don't have any working memory. Including working memory into neural networks is a difficult task. There have been several approaches like PBWM or Long short-term memory which have working memory, both are able to solve it.
# I'll Name the Dogs

"I'll Name the Dogs" is a song by Matt Dragstrem, Ben Hayslip, and Josh Thompson and recorded by American country music artist Blake Shelton. It was released on September 11, 2017, as the first single Shelton's 2017 album Texoma Shore (2017) and would be used for Shelton's other album Fully Loaded: God's Country.

## Background and composition

"I'll Name the Dogs" was written by Matt Dragstrem, Ben Hayslip and Josh Thompson, while production was handled by Scott Hendricks.

## Commercial performance

"I'll Name the Dogs" debuted at No. 23 on the U.S. Billboard Country Airplay chart for the week of September 28, 2017. That same week, the song first entered the Hot Country Songs at No. 40. It became available for sale the following week, and was the second best-selling country song that week with over 27,273 copies sold. This helped the song move up to No. 10 on Hot Country Songs. As of January 2018, "I'll Name the Dogs" has sold 185,000 copies in the United States. The song was certified Gold by the RIAA on July 13, 2018, and Platinum on July 31, 2019, for a million units in sales and streams.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Platinum | 80,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ / 185,000 |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Female of the Species

"Female of the Species" is a song by English rock band Space, released as their fourth single and second single proper from their debut album, Spiders (1996), on 27 May 1996. The song reached number 14 on the UK Singles Chart and earned a silver certification from the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) in October 2019. It became the band's only charting single in both the United States and Canada.

## About the song

Written and sung by frontman Tommy Scott in tribute to his late father, who reportedly disliked his son's taste of music, "Female of the Species" is a funky, upbeat, Latin-flavoured number with feel-good-sounding vibes and vocals, reminiscent of lounge singers such as Perry Como and Frank Sinatra, combined with keyboardist Franny Griffiths' trademark sound effects and Scott's darkly humorous lyrics. The song borrows to some extent, both thematically and in overall aesthetic, from the Walker Brothers' theme song for the 1967 film Deadlier Than the Male. When the song was performed at later concerts, Scott usually walked into the audience to shake them by the hand.
The song's distinctive style and lyrics led to it being used in TV and film. It was the theme song to the UK drama Cold Feet and appeared in the 1997 film The Matchmaker starring Janeane Garofalo, as well as during the end credits of the popular movie Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery (in the so-called 'Fembot Mix', available on the Original Soundtrack), and in the Daria episode "College Bored". It gained further popularity in the UK when used in a 1998 advert (with a cameo appearance by Quentin Crisp) for the body spray "Impulse".
The song's name is a reference to the 1911 Rudyard Kipling poem "The Female of the Species", which has as its refrain: "The female of the species is more deadly than the male."

## Chart performance

"Female of the Species" debuted at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart on 2 June 1996 and reached its peak of number 14 the following week. On 11 October 2019, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) awarded the song a silver certification for sales and streams of over 200,000 units. It became the band's only entry on any music chart in the United States and Canada, peaking at number 15 on the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart, number four on the Canadian RPM Alternative 30 chart, and number 68 on the RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart. In Australia, "Female of the Species" entered the ARIA Singles Chart on 11 May 1997, peaking at number 80 in June.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| United Kingdom | 27 May 1996 | 12-inch vinylCDcassette | Gut | |
| United States | 13 January 1997 | Alternative radio | Universal | |
# Garovci

Garovci is a village in the municipality of Hadžići, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 590.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 580 | 98.3% |
| Serbs | 4 | 0.7% |
| other/undeclared | 6 | 1.0% |
| Total | 590 | 100% |
# Gokulpur railway station

Gokulpur railway station is a railway station on Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line in Kharagpur railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Amba, Gokulpur of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## History

In 1901, the Kharagpur–Midnapur branch line was opened. The Midnapore–Jharia extension of the Bengal Nagpur Railway, passing through Bankura district was opened in 1903–04. The Adra–Bheduasol sector was electrified in 1997–98 and the Bheduasol–Salboni sector in 1998–99.
# Eliza Fanthome

Eliza Fanthome (born 1845) was a British woman best known for surviving the Indian Rebellion of 1857 as a girl.

## Life

Eliza Fanthome was born to the Christian Anglo-French district clerk James Fanthome.
In 1857, she experienced the Siege of Cawnpore. During the Satichaura Ghat massacre, she was abducted by a private individual. Being the captive of a private individual, she avoided the Bibighar massacre. She later testified that she was held as a slave by the Muslim Meerun Jan, who subjected her to rape and forced her to live as his slave, ioundee, and that she was forced to cook for him and wash the feet of his several wives. She also testified that he forced her to live with the brother of one Meanjon Syed for about one year.
The British freed Eliza Fanthome from slavery by hiring two informers to rescue her from the rebel camp where she was being held, a task they succeeded in. Meerun Jan was never captured by the British, but Meanjon Syed was sentenced for complicity to fourteen years of deportation to the Andamans.
She was one of a few survivors of the Satichaura Ghat massacre. A handful of women were taken prisoner by individual captors, avoided being placed in the Bibighar, and therefore also avoided the Bibighar massacre. Of these known survivors were Ulrica Wheeler, Amelia Horne, the drummers wives Eliza Bradshaw and Elizabeth Letts, and Eliza Fanthome, who was twelve years old at the time.

## Legacy

In 1896, J.F. Fanthome published the novel Mariam: A Story of the Indian Mutiny of 1857 about a Christian woman, Mariam, and her daughter Ruth, during the rebellion. He claimed the story was based on the notes of Ruth and that he had not published the novel until after the death of Mariam in 1892. The novel was likely based on the story of Eliza Fanthome: J.F. Fanthome was married to Winifred, daughter of Marie Le Maistre, who died in 1892, and was the paternal aunt of Eliza Fanthome.
The novel Mariam: A Story of the Indian Mutiny of 1857 was the basis of Ruskin Bond's A Flight of Pigeons, who in turn was the inspiration for the Hindi film Junoon (1978).
# El-Hassania Darami

El-Hassania Darami (listed in some sources as "Elhassania" or "Hassania"; born 10 December 1953) is a former Moroccan long-distance runner who specialised in 1500 metres, 3000 metres, and 10,000 metres events. She won six medals in four different African Championships from 1979 to 1988, including the gold in 10,000 metres at the 1985 African Championships in Athletics. She also competed for Morocco in the 1988 Summer Olympics in the same event, but did not progress to the finals.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| 1979 | African Championships | Dakar, Senegal | 3rd | 1500 m | 4:26.5 |
| 1979 | African Championships | Dakar, Senegal | 3rd | 3000 m | 9:39.7 |
| 1982 | African Championships | Cairo, Egypt | 3rd | 3000 m | 9:54.90 |
| 1985 | African Championships | Cairo, Egypt | 1st | 10,000 m | 35:09.68 |
| 1985 | African Championships | Cairo, Egypt | 2nd | 3000 m | 9:18.53 |
| 1986 | World Military Cross Country Championships | Algiers, Algeria | 1st | 5 km race | |
| 1988 | African Championships | Annaba, Algeria | 2nd | 10,000 m | 33:41.75 |
| 1988 | Summer Olympics | Seoul, South Korea | 28th | 10,000 m | 33:01.52 |
# Kristine Tornquist

Kristine Tornquist (born 1965, Graz) is an Austrian librettist, director and visual artist. She and her partner Jury Everhartz [de] co-founded the sirene Operntheater [de] in Vienna.
She was born in Graz, grew up in Linz, and trained as a goldsmith. She has a diploma (1994) from the University of Applied Arts Vienna, where she studied under Ron Arad.
She has written about 50 opera librettos. She began to work with Jury Everhartz [de] in 1998 and in 2002 they founded the sirene Operntheater [de] which has since premiered 73 new works.
# Josip Torbar (scientist)

Josip Torbar (1824–1900) was a Croatian natural scientist, educator and politician.
Torbar was born in Krašić. He was ordained as a Roman Catholic priest in 1849. His scientific works spanned biology, geology, meteorology, and the history of science.
In 1866 Torbar became one of 12 original members of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, and served as its chairman from 1890 until his death. He was a co-founder and the president of the Croatian Mountaineering Association.

## Sources

* Josip Torbar (1824.-1900.) (in Croatian)
* Zagreb moj grad, issue 8, p. 24 (in Croatian)
Academic offices :
| Preceded byPavao Muhić | Chairman of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts 1890–1900 | Succeeded byTadija Smičiklas |
* This article about a Croatian scientist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Khartoum Bahri District

Khartoum Bahri is a district of Khartoum state, Sudan.
# I Never Figured on This

"I Never Figured on This" is a single by Canadian country music artist David Thompson. The song debuted at number 44 on the RPM Country Tracks chart on September 26, 1981. It peaked at number one on December 26, 1981.

## Charts

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 1 |