OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Father of medicare

Several individuals have been described as the father of medicare in Canada. Medicare is the country's publicly funded health system.
* Tommy Douglas championed public health insurance as Premier of Saskatchewan from 1944 to 1961 and federal leader of the New Democratic Party from 1961 to 1971.
* Woodrow Lloyd was the Premier of Saskatchewan when universal medicare was introduced in Saskatchewan.
* Lester B. Pearson was the Liberal Prime Minister of Canada from 1963 to 1968. His government saw medicare introduced on a national basis, after his party wrote and introduced the legislation for hospital and out-of-hospital treatment, and received the support of Douglas' NDP.
* Emmett Matthew Hall was a jurist and chair of the 1964 Royal Commission on health care in Canada which recommended the nationwide adoption of Saskatchewan's system of public insurance for both hospitalization and out-of-hospital medical services. In 1996, Prime Minister Jean Chrétien stated that "Canadians will be forever grateful for the pivotal role that [Hall] played in bringing universal medicare to Canada. Throughout his long life, he remained medicare's most eloquent defender".
* Paul Martin Sr., Minister of National Health and Welfare from 1946 to 1957, played a central early role in the adoption of hospital insurance and is also remembered as a father of Medicare.
This list includes individuals from three major distinct and competing Canadian political traditions: Douglas and Lloyd from the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, later the New Democratic Party; Hall, a Progressive Conservative; and Martin and Pearson, Liberals.
# Crisenoy

Crisenoy (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

## Demographics

Inhabitants of Crisenoy are called Crisenoyens.
# First Evangelical Lutheran Church

First Evangelical Lutheran Church may refer to:
* First Evangelical Lutheran Church (Fort Smith, Arkansas), listed on the US National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
* First Evangelical Lutheran Church (Gypsum, Colorado), NRHP-listed
* First Evangelical Lutheran Church (Galveston, Texas), NRHP-listed in Galveston County, Texas
* First Evangelical Lutheran Church of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
# First European Diplomatic Missions to the Persian Gulf

The first European diplomatic missions to the Persian Gulf marked the onset of long-standing relationships between Europe and the regions around the Gulf. These missions, beginning in the 16th century, aimed to establish trade routes, political alliances, and religious influence in the strategically vital area.

## Portuguese expeditions

The earliest recorded European presence in the Persian Gulf was the Portuguese, spearheaded by explorer Vasco da Gama, who arrived in 1498. Portugal sought to establish control over the sea route to India, necessitating a presence in the Gulf. The Portuguese established a foothold in Hormuz in 1507 and built the Fort of Our Lady of the Conception, effectively setting up the first European diplomatic and military presence in the region.

## British involvement

The British, driven by the ambitions of the British East India Company, made significant inroads into the Persian Gulf in the 17th century. The company signed the first of many treaties with local rulers in 1766, ensuring protection of the British trade and political interests in the region.
In 1820, following the General Maritime Treaty, Britain became the leading European power in the region. The treaty, signed with various tribal sheikhs of the Persian Gulf, enforced a truce between the sheikhs and established Britain's role as an influential intermediary, thus paving the way for its political and economic dominance.

## French endeavors

The French, although later entrants compared to the Portuguese and British, also sent diplomatic missions to the Persian Gulf. Their first diplomatic mission, led by diplomat Charles François Beautemps-Beaupré, was in 1839. His work helped establish diplomatic relations between France and the Persian Gulf states and opened opportunities for trade and cultural exchanges.

## Impact

The early European diplomatic missions to the Persian Gulf significantly influenced the political, economic, and cultural dynamics of the region. These missions played a crucial role in shaping the geopolitical status of the Gulf, bringing about a lasting impact that continued well into the 20th and 21st centuries. The influence of the European powers waned in the 20th century with the discovery of oil and the consequent emergence of the United States as a major player in the region. However, the legacy of the initial European incursions continues to be evident in the region's socio-political dynamics, historical narratives, and even in its architectural landscapes.
# Esmoriz Ginásio Clube

Esmoriz Ginásio Clube is a volleyball team based in Esmoriz, Portugal, that plays in the Portuguese first division.

## Achievements

* Portuguese Volleyball League A1: 2
1982/83, 1983/84
* Portuguese Volleyball Cup: 1
1981/82
* This article about a Portuguese sports club is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
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# Judith (Giraudoux)

Judith is a play written in 1931 by French dramatist Jean Giraudoux. French composer Darius Milhaud wrote incidental music for the play.

## Synopsis

In ancient Palestine, an Assyrian army is attacking a community of Jewish people (Israelites). The Assyrians are led by Holofernes. The Jews see their own doom coming, and they believe that they can be saved only if the fairest and purest one of their women is sent to Holofernes to plead to spare them. They pick Judith, a 20-year-old virgin, who is beautiful, brilliant and wealthy.
Judith doesn’t want to go as she thinks the mission she’s being sent on is ridiculous and based on superstition. But confronted with the possibility that her country might be destroyed, she agrees to try it. However, a captain in the Israelite army named John wants to marry her, so he sends a prostitute, who will pretend to be Judith, to Holofernes. But Judith arrives at Holofernes’ tent first. One of Holofernes’ officers, Egon, a pederast, is persuaded by the prostitute to disguise himself as Holofernes. Judith is taken in by this trick, and feels humiliation and failure.
Holofernes finally arrives, but Judith is not able to make her plea to spare her fellow Israelites. Holofernes attempts to seduce Judith, and she agrees to go to his bed, then kills and beheads him there.

## Original productions

Judith was translated into English by John K. Savacool, in The Modern Theatre, ed. Eric Bentley, vol. 3 (1955), and by Christopher Fry, in The Drama of Jean Giraudoux, vol. 1 (1963).
Judith was first performed on 4 November 1931 in Paris at the Théâtre Pigalle in a production by Louis Jouvet.
# David Dreman

David Dreman (born 1936) is an investor, who founded and is chairman of Dreman Value Management, an investment company.
Dreman has published many scholarly articles and he has written four books. Dreman also writes a column for Forbes magazine. Dreman is on the board of directors of the Institute of Behavioral Finance, publisher of the Journal of Behavioral Finance.

## Personal

Dreman was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada in 1936. His father, Joseph Dreman, was a prominent trader on the Winnipeg Commodity Exchange for many years.

## Education

David Dreman graduated from the University of Manitoba in 1958.

## Career

After graduating, he worked as director of research for Rauscher Pierce, senior investment officer with Seligman, and senior editor of the Value Line Investment Service. In 1977, he founded his first investment firm, Dreman Value Management, LLC., and has served as its president and chairman.
The Dreman fund family was eventually bought by Kemper, which was then bought by Scudder, which itself was bought by Deutsche Bank. In 2009 his firm chose to hold on to banking stocks as they were crashing, in line with his contrarian value investing philosophy. As a result, his firm was removed from management of his flagship DWS Dreman High Return Equity Fund by the board of Deutsche Bank, citing weak performance.

## Books

* Psychology and the Stock Market: Investment Strategy Beyond Random Walk. 1977. American Management Association. ISBN 0-814-45429-1.
* Contrarian Investment Strategy: The Psychology of Stock Market Success. 1980. Random House. ISBN 0-394-42390-9.
* The New Contrarian Investment Strategy. 1982. Random House. ISBN 0-394-52364-4.
* Contrarian Investment Strategies: The Next Generation. 1998. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-81350-5.
* Contrarian Investment Strategies: The Psychological Edge. 2012. Free Press. ISBN 0-743-29796-2.

## Books About

* The Guru Investor: How to Beat the Market Using History's Best Investment Strategies (Wiley 2009)

## Scholarly Articles

Dreman has written many more articles. These are just a sampling of some of the more recent articles.
* Do Contrarian Strategies Work Within Industries? David Dreman and Eric Lufkin, 1997. Journal of Investing. abstract
* Analyst Forecast Errors and Their Implications for Security Analysis. David Dreman and M.A. Berry, 1995. Financial Analysts' Journal.
* Investor Overreaction: Evidence that its Basis is Psychological. David Dreman and Eric Lufkin, 2000.
* Bubbles and the Role of Analysts' Forecasts. David Dreman, 2002. The Journal of Psychology and Financial Markets (now The Journal of Behavioral Finance).
* A Report on the March 2001 Investor Sentiment Survey. David Dreman, S. Johnson, D. MacGregor and Paul Slovic, 2001. The Journal of Psychology and Financial Markets (now The Journal of Behavioral Finance). article
# How (surname)

How is an English surname, derived either from a contraction of Howe, or from various place names such as How, Cumbria. It may also be a variant spelling of the Chinese surname Hao. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bradford How (born 1977), Canadian video jockey
* Charles T. How (1840–1909), American real-estate developer
* Henry How (1828–1879), British-Canadian chemist, geologist and mineralogist
* James Eads How (1874–1930), American hobo organizer
* Jamie How (born 1981), New Zealand cricketer
* Jane How (born 1951), English actress
* Martin How (1931–2022), British composer and organist
* Richard How (born 1944), Australian rugby union player
* Walter How (1885–1972), English sailor
* William Walsham How (1823–1897), English bishop of Wakefield
# Ella Riegel

Ella Riegel (1867 - January 20, 1937) was an American suffragist and women's rights activist. Riegel was a graduate of the first class of Bryn Mawr College and would remain associated with the college the rest of her life.

## Biography

Regel was born in 1866 in Pennsylvania. Riegel was part of the first class of Bryn Mawr College and graduated in 1889. She became interested in anthropology and archaeology. Riegel was also good with finances and made money through investing in stocks.
Riegel promoted the cause of women's suffrage in many different ways. She was first part of the Congressional Union for Woman's Suffrage, where she served on their finance committee. Later, she joined the National Woman's Party (NWP). In 1916, she was part of the "Suffrage Special," a group of more than twenty suffragists who traveled to the West to promote woman's suffrage. Riegel served as the business manager for the Suffrage Special. Along with Mrs. Charles Wister Ruschenberger, she sent photographs of a "women's liberty bell" to each United States Senator. The bell had a chained tongue, so it could not ring. In 1919, Riegel met with James P. Goodrich, Governor of Indiana, to urge him to call a special legislative session to ratify the woman's suffrage amendment.
In a 75-woman protest carried out on February 9, 1919, Riegel was arrested. The protest was part of a series of "watch fires" carried out by the NWP due to the failure of the Senate to pass the 19th amendment. Riegel carried a suffrage banner and was one of 47 women arrested. She later helped organize the Prison Special to raise awareness about the imprisonment of activists and the inhumane treatment they received in jail.
After women won suffrage rights, Riegel continued to fight for expanding rights in Pennsylvania, where she served as the chair of the state NWP. Riegel also fought for women's independent citizenship and full guardianship of their own children. Riegel was the woman's party delegate to the Hague conference for the Codification of International Law in 1930. She traveled through Europe and Latin America and worked with the Women's Consultative Committee of the League of Nations.
Riegel died in her apartment on Bryn Mawr campus on January 20, 1937. She left $100,000 from her estate to Bryn Mawr, and an archaeology scholarship was created in her name. In 1940, an archaeological museum named for Riegel was opened in the Bryn Mawr library.
# Fame and Fortune (Elvis Presley song)

"Fame and Fortune" is a 1960 song by Elvis Presley. It was written by Fred Wise (lyrics) and Ben Weisman (music) and published by Presley's company Gladys Music, Inc.
Presley recorded it on March 21, 1960, in the RCA Studio B in Nashville, Tennessee. He also sang it with Frank Sinatra on the TV special The Frank Sinatra Timex Show: Welcome Home Elvis (recorded March 26, 1960, and aired on May 12 of that year).
The song was first released on a single as the flipside to "Stuck on You" (RCA 47 7740). It was Presley's first post-Army single. "Fame and Fortune" peaked at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 on the week of May 5, 1960, while "Stuck on You" spent several weeks at number 1. In the United States the single "Stuck on You" (backed with "Fame and Fortune") was certified Gold by RIAA for selling over 1 million copies.

## Musical style and lyrics

"Fame and Fortune" is a ballad.

## Charts

| Chart (1960) | Peak position |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 17 |
# Criscuolo

Criscuolo is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alessandro Criscuolo (1937–2020), Italian judge
* Giovanni Angelo Criscuolo (1500–1573), Italian painter
* Giovanni Filippo Criscuolo (c. 1500–1584), Italian painter
* Kyle Criscuolo (born 1992), American ice hockey player
* Mariangiola Criscuolo (c. 1548–1630), Italian painter
* Roberto Criscuolo (born 1997), Italian football player
# Jerome Frink

Jerome Frink (born December 1, 1993) is an American basketball player for AB Contern of the Total League. He played college basketball for Florida International University (FIU) and LIU Brooklyn. He was named the 2017 Northeast Conference Player of the Year.

## College career

Frink was recruited from St. Anthony High School in Jersey City, New Jersey, where he starred with future National Basketball Association player Kyle Anderson. He was recruited to FIU by coach Isiah Thomas and played two seasons for the Panthers. Frink was an immediate impact player for the Blackbirds, averaging 16.6 points and 9 rebounds per game and earning first-team All-Northeast Conference (NEC) honors. He followed this season as a senior by averaging 16.8 points and 8.9 rebounds and scoring NEC Player of the Year honors.

## Professional career

In December 2019, Frink signed with Þór Þorlákshöfn of the Icelandic Úrvalsdeild karla, replacing fellow American Vincent Bailey.
On July 5, 2020, he has signed with AB Contern of the Total League.
# Issa Hakizimana

Issa Hakizimana (born 28 August 1994) is a Burundian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Football League club Flambeau du Centre FC and the Burundi national team.

## International career

He was invited by Lofty Naseem, the national team coach, to represent Burundi in the 2014 African Nations Championship held in South Africa.
# Galician Transversal Railway

The Galician Transversal Railway (German: Galizische Transversalbahn, Polish: Galicyjska Kolej Transwersalna) was a railway system, opened in 1884 in the province of Galicia (Austria-Hungary). It was operated by a state-owned enterprise. The line ran from west to east, along the northern side of the Carpathian Mountains from Zwardoń to Zagórz, passing through the oil fields in the Carpathians.
The line was constructed to connect already existing lines into a continuous east-west route parallel to the main Galician Railway of Archduke Charles Louis route Kraków - Lwów, which would be less exposed to attacks in a war with the Russian Empire. The railway was also supposed to activate underdeveloped mountainous areas of Galicia.
The Transversal Railway started at Čadca (present-day Slovakia), and ended in Husiatyn (present-day Ukraine), with a total length of around 800 kilometers. The main towns located along the route are:
* Żywiec,
* Nowy Sącz,
* Jasło,
* Krosno,
* Sanok,
* Zagórz,
* Chyrów,
* Sambor,
* Drohobycz,
* Stryj,
* Stanisławów.
Before construction of the Transversal Railway began, several connections had already existed, such as:
* Zagórz – Krościenko – Chyrów (part of the Łupków – Przemyśl connection of the First Hungarian-Galician Railway, 1872),
* The Dniestr Railway, Chyrów – Sambor – Stryj (1872),
* The Archduke Albrecht Railway, Stryj – Dolina – Stanislawów (1873).
* Nowy Sącz – Stróże (part of the Tarnów – Plaveč connection, 1876)
The lines built within the Transversal Railway project totaled 577 kilometers and these were:
* Čadca – Zwardoń – Żywiec – Sucha Beskidzka – Chabówka – Limanowa – Nowy Sącz (together with side lines Suchá – Skawina – Kraków-Plaszów, and Skawina – Oświęcim),
* Stróze – Jasło – Sanok – Zagórz (together with a branch line to Gorlice),
* Chryplin (near Stanisławów) – Buczacz – Czortków – Husiatyn.
# David Clarke (minister)

David Clarke was Moderator of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland from 2006 to 2007.
David Clarke was born in Ballymena on 2 September 1946 and graduated from Queen's University, Belfast with degrees in Law and then Divinity. From 1970 until 1974 Dr Clarke was the assistant minister at Bloomfield Presbyterian Church in Belfast before accepting a call to Templepatrick. Six years later in 1980 he became minister of Terrace Row congregation in Coleraine with a membership of some 450 families.
Receiving the support of 14 of the 21 presbyteries in Ireland, Dr Clarke was a popular choice to be Moderator of the General Assembly. During his moderatorial year his theme was "Serving Christ, Serving Others". That year Dr Clarke also published a book, Page Ten, comprising articles from his local weekly newspaper column, sales of which were donated to the Bible Society's work in Egypt.
In the autumn of 2011 David Clarke made known his intention to retire as minister of Terrace Row on 31 January 2012. His latest book The Sat Nav Gospel, including the full texts of some twenty sermons and addresses over the years at Terrace Row, was published before his retirement.
# Dr. F. J. Donevan Collegiate Institute

Dr F J Donevan Collegiate Institute was located in Oshawa, Ontario, within the Durham District School Board. The school had students in grades 9–12 and offered a wide range of academic and extracurricular activities.

## Sports

Donevan Collegiate supported numerous male and female sports clubs including ice hockey, volleyball, basketball, soccer, lacrosse, tennis, badminton, etc. The Senior Boys Volleyball team captured AA LOSSA (Lake Ontario Secondary School Athletics) championships in both the 2006 and 2007 seasons, earning the team the opportunity to compete in the OFSAA (Ontario Federation of School Athletic Associations) tournament both years. Donevan's ice hockey team also fared well over the years, with the Junior Boys team capturing the AA LOSSA championship in the 2004/05 season.

## Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT) results

Donevan performed well on the 2008 OSSLT (Literacy Test), increasing overall results by 6% while the Board dropped 1% from the previous year. Overall, with Donevan's greater number of Applied and Essential-stream students, the whole school results show 78% of students successful (School Board average, 84%).
Results for Applied-stream students increased by 9% while those for Academic-stream students improved by 6% over the previous year.
Comparatively, Donevan outperformed the Board in the three major streams: Academic 96% (Board 95%), Applied 67% (Board 62%), Essential 35% (Board 28%). With the weighting of Donevan's greater number of Applied and Essential-stream students affecting the average, overall results are quite promising.

## History

Donevan first opened in 1958 and had an addition added on in 1970 which gave it a bigger cafeteria, a bigger library, and more classrooms. On May 17, 2010, the school board review committee voted to close the school at the end of the 2009–2010 school year.
# Innocenzo Conti

Innocenzo Conti (8 February 1731 – 15 November 1785) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
In November 1769, he was appointed Apostolic Nuncio to Portugal. The next month, he was made archbishop. He was appointed by Pope Clement XIV to be a cardinal in pectore in September 1771, but this was not made public until 19 April 1773. He was not elevated to the position until 26 May 1774. He participated in the conclave of 1774–1775.
# Faraggiana Ferrandi Natural History Museum

The Faraggiana Ferrandi Natural History Museum is a biological and zoological collection, most of which was collected in the 19th century, and is located in via Gaudenzio Ferrari, of the city of Novara, Piedmont, Italy.

## Collection

The exhibits contain some 450 species, mostly taxidermy specimens, along with skulls, hides, and other artifacts. The material was mainly assembled by Catherine Faraggiana Ferrandi, her brother the explorer Ugo Ferrandi, and her son Alessandro. Catherine and her son maintained exhibits and a zoologic park at the Villa Farragiana a Meina. Since 1959, the collections were moved to the Faraggiana Ferrandi palace inside the city, and became property of the comune. Further acquisitions have added species from the region of the Piedmont, to create a natural museum including specimens from the local environment.
Some of the specimens include rare and nearly extinct species, including siamang gibbons, red panda, Amur leopard, snow leopard, and the Berber lion Panthera leo leo, now extinct in the wild.
The museum has twelve rooms, each dedicated to a specific topic:
* Classification and Evolution (from Linnaeus to Darwin)
* Geographic Distribution of Animals
* Fauna of the Mediterranean maquis
* Fauna of Africa
* Fauna of the Poles
* Fauna of Asia
* Fauna of Himalayas & Tibet
* Fauna of Tundra & Taiga
* Fauna of Woodlands of Piedmont (Deciduous and conifer)
* Fauna of Wetlands of Piedmont
* Human Environments
# Croatia at the 2019 Summer Universiade

Croatia competed at the 2019 Summer Universiade in Naples, Italy held from 3 to 14 July 2019. The country won one bronze medal, in taekwondo.

## Medal summary
### Medal by sports

Medals by sport :
| Taekwondo | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |

### Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Bronze | Bruna Vuletić | Taekwondo | –62kg (lightweight) | July 11 |
# Flavopunctelia borrerioides

Flavopunctelia borrerioides is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was described as a new species by Japanese lichenologist Syo Kurokawa in 1999. The type specimen was collected by Mexican mycologist Gastón Guzmán from Monte de la Candelaria at an altitude of about 2,400 m (7,900 ft). There it was found growing in a forest containing predominantly Juniper, Opuntia, and Agave. The lichen is found in Peru, Mexico, and India.
# Isnebol

Isnebol was the name of several places in the Ottoman Empire:
* Zenopolis, Isauria, an ancient city in southern Asia Minor
* Tran, Bulgaria