OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chira

Chira may refer to:
* Chira (spider), a genus of spiders
* Chira language, an extinct Catacaoan language of the Piura Region of Peru
* Can de Chira, a dog originated from Aragon, Spain
* Flattened rice, a type of jolpan in Indian cuisine

## Places

* Chira, Lebanon, a village in Koura District
* Chira County, a county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China
* Chira Island, Costa Rican Pacific island located at the upper end of the Gulf of Nicoya
* Chira River, a river in northern Peru
* Sreeraman Chira, a fresh water lake in Kerala state in India

## People

* Alexander Chira (1897–1983), bishop of the Ruthenian Catholic Church
* Susan Chira, American journalist
* Chira Apostol (born 1960), former Romanian rower
* Chira Prabandhayodhin (born 1939), Thai former sports shooter
* Chira Ratanarat (born 1940), chief executive officer of The Siam Chemicals Public Company
# Bene merenti de patria

Bene merenti de patria is a silver medal created in 1923. It is awarded by the Quebec patriotic Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society to a "compatriot having rendered exceptional services to the homeland".

## Laureates

* 1924: Marie Lacoste Gérin-Lajoie
* 1924: Laurent-Olivier David
* 1964: Sister Marie-Stéphane
* 1964: Wilfrid Laurier
* 1965: Claude Champagne
* 1965: Lionel Daunais
* 1965: Madame Aline Hector Perrier [fr]
* 1966: Annette Lasalle-Leduc
* 1966: Jean Vallerand
* 1966: Eugène Lapierre
* 1968: Dr. Pierre Grondin
* 1970: Clermont Pépin
* 1972: Dr. Armand Frappier
* 1974: Gustave Bellefleur
* 1975: Father Gustave Lamarche [fr]
* 1977: Raymond Barbeau
* 1977: Jean-Charles Bonenfant [fr] (posthumous)
* 1982: Séraphin Marion
* 1982: Jean Rougeau (known as Johnny Rougeau)
* 1983: Jeannine Séguin
* 1987: Gilles Proulx
* 1989: Pierre-Louis Mallen [fr] (first non-Quebecer)
* 1990: Alice Poznanska-Parizeau (posthumous)
* 1991: Mary Travers (known as La Bolduc, posthumous)
* 1992: Dollard Ménard and Eugenia Dias
* 1997: Rosaire Morin [fr]
* 2005: Raymond Lévesque
* 2011: Réginald Chartrand [fr]
* 2012: Marcel Masse
* 2015: Gilles Rhéaume
* 2019: Yvon Groulx
* 2019: Yves Saint-Denis
* 2021: Yves Michaud
* 2023: Onil Perrier
# Bello Suleiman

Bello Suleiman (born 16 June 1952) is a Nigerian engineer who was the Minister of Power and Steel from 1997 to 1998.

## Biography

Suleiman was born and educated in Gusau. He attended Nagarta College in Sokoto from 1966 to 1970, before studying engineering from 1971 to 1975 at the Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria and University of Birmingham from 1977 to 1978. He worked as an engineer in the Sokoto State civil service rising through the ranks in the Ministry of Works: work workshop engineer from 1978 to 1979; chief mechanical/electrical engineer from 1979 to 1980. From 1980 to 1981 he was deputy director, physical planning, at the Usman Danfodiyo University and later director of physical planning from 1981 to 1986. He was the deputy general manager at the Cement Company of Northern Nigeria Plc. from 1986 to 1987; and managing director from 1987 to 1992. He was a director of Industrial Management and Engineering Services Limited in Kaduna from 1992 to 1998. He was appointed Federal Minister of Power and Steel serving in the government of General Abdulsalami Abubakar from 1998 to 1999. After leaving office he became a board director of Savannah Bank Plc, and later became vice chairman and managing director of Power Holding Company of Nigeria Plc, he was removed in 2009 by President Umaru Yar'Adua.
# Currency of Maldives

The Currency of Maldives is Rufiyaa, (introduced in 1947). The rufiyaa is divided into 100 laari.

## History
### Boli

Cowry shells (Cypraea moneta), or boli, were the first known medium of exchange used in the Maldives. Various writers and travellers have in the past recorded the country's trade in these money shells, which were used as a medium of exchange in parts of Asia and Africa. In the past, cowry were actually cultivated in the Maldives. When Moroccan traveler and historian Ibn Battuta visited this country, feojedfe Dutch in Ceylon, continued until the late 19th century, when it was used mostly as ballast for sailing vessels.

### Dhigu laari

According to history, the first dhigu laari was struck in the Maldives, during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim III ibn Ghazi Muhammed (1585–1607), son of the hero Sultan Ghazi Muhammed Thakurufa'anu Akbar al-'Azam. Dhigu laari or larin, which owes its name to Lar, in the Persian Gulf, where it was originally struck, was one of the standard currencies of the Indian Ocean in the late 16th century. The dhigu laari is actually a long piece of silver, about three inches in length, doubled over and stamped with the name of the sultan, in Arabic.

### Loa laari

Loa laari or laari fothi ("circular coin") was first struck by Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar I (1648–1687). The first coins were of silver and fairly coarse. Later, coins of copper and lead were put into circulation. Gold coins were also struck by Sultan Hassan Nooraddin (1779–1799). Said to be the finest struck at the Maldive mint, the two denominations of gold coins issued by Sultan Hassan Nooraddin, known as the mohori and bai mohori, were never put into circulation.

## Today

The Maldivian unit of currency is the rufiyaa (ISO 4217 code MVR, symbol Rf.), introduced in 1947. The rufiyaa is divided into 100 laari. On 1 February 2009, the exchange rate with the US dollar was US$1.00 = MVR12.80. On 10 April 2011, the Government announced a limited float of the currency within a band of 20% from the previous exchange rate of 12.80. Due to short supply of US Dollars, the official rate quoted by all banks as on 10 May stands as follows: Buy Rate USD 1.00 = MVR 14.42; Sell Rate USD 1.00 = MVR 15.42.
# Brockley Hall Stables

Brockley Hall Stables (grid reference ST471669) is a 0.065 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest near the village of Brockley, North Somerset, England notified in 1987.

## Biological Interest

The SSSI designation applies to part of the former stable block of Brockley Hall, the roofspace of which hosts a large breeding colony of greater horseshoe bats during summer.

## Sources

* English Nature citation sheet for the site (accessed 9 July 2006)
* This article about a Site of Special Scientific Interest in England is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Count Jim Moriarty

Count Jim Moriarty (also called Count Jim Moriarty of the House of Roland) is a character from the 1950s BBC Radio comedy The Goon Show. He was voiced by Spike Milligan. In the episode "The Macreekie Rising of '74", Harry Secombe filled-in for the role in Milligan's absence.
Moriarty is an impoverished member of the French aristocracy who has turned to crime to support his lifestyle. Despite having carried out many high-paying cons and robberies during the series, he and his criminal counterpart Hercules Grytpype-Thynne always appear to be permanently destitute. Although his surname is pronounced (/ˌmɔːriˈɑːrti/ MOR-ee-AR-tee), Grytpype-Thynne would occasionally pronounce it /məˈraɪ.ərti/ mə-RY-ər-tee.
Over the years, Moriarty changed from a suave, debonair and efficient French criminal mastermind and confidence trickster into a cringing sidekick of Grytpype-Thynne, who is often disparaging of his manic behaviour, referring to him as "you steaming French nit", "my fast disintegrating friend", or "you crutty French schlapper". Moriarty's deterioration was accompanied by a change in the character's voice, becoming higher in register and losing its smooth diction as the series progressed.
With his thick faux-French accent, he is often found scavenging in dustbins looking for food and uttering nonsensical, half-French curses such as "Sapristi nabolas!", "Sapristi nyuckoes!", or "Sapristi bombpetts!" (incorporating an old-fashioned French expletive that meant originally "by the body of Christ") and "Sacre Fred!" (a Milligan coinage from Sacrebleu) in the episode "Lurgi Strikes Britain".

## Various Names

Grytpype often introduces him ("and I quote from his death certificate") with a middle name such as "Thighs", "Knees", "Kidney Wiper", etc., along with an appropriate sound effect (e.g. rattling bones, swannee whistle) or Moriarty's catch-phrase "Oooowwwwww", and descriptions of his prowess in various fields:
* "Who has played the male lead in over 50 French postcards"
* "Minister Without Underpants to the Principality of Monte Carlo"
* "Champion barbed-wire hurdler until his tragic accident"
* "Gypsy Saxophonist to the House of Romanoff"
* "Schlapper Royal and noted amateur postman"
* "Husband extraordinary by appointment to the House of Rita Hayworth"
There is also some suggestion that the character is a parody of the Sherlock Holmes villain, Professor Moriarty. In The Hound of the Baskervilles According to Spike Milligan, a preface by Milligan explains that Sherlock "did not stay dead for long", and after chasing him up a mountain did in fact kill Professor Moriarty, but he "later became a character in The Goon Show".
* ↑ "New Page 1". Archived from the original on 28 June 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
# Chrysis smaragdula

Chrysis smaragdula is a species of cuckoo wasp in the family Chrysididae.
# Christophe Lambert

Christophe Lambert may refer to:
* Christophe Lambert (footballer) (born 1987), Swiss footballer
* Christophe Lambert (judoka) (born 1985), German judoka
* Christophe Lambert, known as Christopher Lambert (born 1957), American-born French actor
* Christophe Lambert, CEO of EuropaCorp (2010–2016)
# Florimond Vanhalme

Florimond Vanhalme (21 March 1895 – 4 July 1979) was a Belgium football midfielder, who still is record Belgian international for Cercle Brugge, the team where he spent all of his career. After his playing career, Vanhalme stayed in football as coach.
Vanhalme debuted at the highest level on 5 May 1912, in a match against Excelsior Brussel. The match was won 1–4, with Vanhalme scoring once. One season later, Vanhalme was part of the squad that played the cup final against Union SG. After 90 minutes, the score was 2–2, and with no rules about what should be done, officials of the KBVB/URBSFA decided on the spot that extra time had to be played. This would be the first time in Belgian football history that a match would be decided this way. Union SG eventually won the match with 3–2.
Vanhalme was twice champion of Belgium with Cercle Brugge, in 1927 and in 1930. He also was called up for Belgium at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics. He did not come into action in 1924. In 1928, he played the matches against Luxembourg and Argentina.
# Estela Molly

Estela Molly (1943 – August 13, 2017) was an Argentine actress.
# Charles Henry Dudley Ryder

Colonel Charles Henry Dudley Ryder, CB, CIE, DSO (28 June 1868 – 13 July 1945) was an English army officer and explorer. An officer of the Royal Engineers, British Army, he served as Surveyor General of India from 1919 to 1924. During his career, he undertook a number of surveys; including in China's Yunnan province, Tibet and the Himalayas, the North-West Frontier Province, the Turco-Persian border, in Mesopotamia, and throughout India.

## Personal life

In 1892, Ryder married Ida Josephine Grigg (1872/3–1948). Together they had six children: three daughters were born in the 19th-century and three sons were born in the 20th-century. His two eldest sons were killed in action in the Second World War. His youngest son, Robert Ryder, was a Royal Navy officer who was awarded the Victoria Cross and later became a Member of Parliament.

## Honours

In 1905, he was awarded the Patron's Medal by the Royal Geographical Society "For his survey of Yunnan and his work in connection with the Tibet Mission". That same year, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) "in recognition of the services [...] with the Tibet Mission Escort".
In the 1915 King's Birthday Honours, Ryder was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) following his time in charge of the "Turco-Persian Frontier Commission, Survey Detachment". In the 1922 King's Birthday Honours, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB).
# Bemiparin sodium

Bemiparin (trade names Ivor and Zibor, among others) is an antithrombotic and belongs to the group of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH).

## Medical uses

Bemiparin is used for the prevention of thromboembolism after surgery, and to prevent blood clotting in the extracorporeal circuit in haemodialysis.

## Contraindications

The medication is contraindicated in patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with or without disseminated intravascular coagulation; acute bleeding or risk of bleeding; injury or surgery of the central nervous system, eyes or ears; severe liver or pancreas impairment; and acute or subacute bacterial endocarditis.

## Interactions

No interaction studies have been conducted. Drugs that are expected to increase the risk of bleeding in combination with bemiparin include other anticoagulants, aspirin and other NSAIDs, antiplatelet drugs, and corticosteroids.

## Chemistry

Like semuloparin, bemiparin is classified as an ultra-LMWH because of its low molecular mass of 3600 g/mol on average. (Enoxaparin has 4500 g/mol.) These heparins have lower anti-thrombin activity than classical LMWHs and act mainly on factor Xa, reducing the risk of bleeding.
# Curtis (crater)

Curtis is a very small lunar impact crater that lies in the western Mare Crisium, to the east of the crater Picard. It is a circular, cup-shaped formation that is otherwise undistinguished. It was named after American astronomer Heber D. Curtis in 1973. In the past it was designated Picard Z.
# Brockley, Suffolk

Brockley (not to be confused with Brockley Green, 8 miles (13 km) southwest in Hundon parish) is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. Brockley parish includes the hamlets of Pound Green and Gulling Green. According to the 2001 Census parish population was 281, and increased to 312 at the 2011 Census.
The village is situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of Bury St Edmunds and 9 miles (14 km) north of Sudbury on the B1066. Also it is 2 miles (3 km) north of Hartest. A small hamlet is recorded in Domesday as "Brochola" or "Broclega": the name originates from 'woodland clearing by a brook'.
Mill Road marks the location of a former post mill which was demolished in 1930. East of B1066 is Willow Tree Farm (now Britton's Farm) (farthest out) with a small chapel (halfway to B1066). West of B1066 is Mile Farm (now Long's Farm) with the Pumping Station farthest west.
Brockley Hall and St Andrew's Church are still around 1 km north of the village. St Andrew's dates from medieval times but was renovated in 1866. It is a Grade II* listed building. Brockley Hall is Grade I listed.
There have been no public houses in the village since the 1980s, although before then there had been two: the Fox and Hounds and The Six Bells.
A blacksmith used to be next door to the pub. A shop, and petrol station closed some years ago.
Brockley Cricket Club started over 60 years ago and supports three teams playing in local leagues, a midweek team and a youth programme. The village also supports an indoor bowls club that has enjoyed some success in the past.
# County Route 210

County Route 210 or County Road 210 may refer to:
* County Road 210 (St. Johns County, Florida)
* County Route 210 (Wayne County, New York)
# Codification

Codification may refer to:
* Codification (law), the process of preparing and enacting a legal code
* Codification (linguistics), the process of selecting, developing and prescribing a model for standard language usage
* Accounting Standards Codification, the collection of US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles produced by the Financial Accounting Standards Board
* NATO Codification System, the official program under which equipment components and parts of the military supply systems are uniformly named, described and classified
* Codification of knowledge, a system-oriented method for creation of explicit knowledge
# Chrysis viridula

Chrysis viridula is a Western Palearctic species of cuckoo wasp, first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1761. Chrysis viridula is included in the genus Chrysis, and the family Chrysididae (the cuckoo wasps). It is a parasitoid of a number of species of eumenid wasp, mainly those in the genus Odynerus.

## Distribution

It is found throughout southern England and the Channel Islands, and north to northeast Yorkshire. In Wales, it is restricted to coastal areas only and has not been found in Scotland or Ireland. It is also found in many parts of mainland Europe (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, The Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain, Germany, Italy, Poland, Hungary and Romania) and extending eastwards to the Caucasus, and southwards to North Africa.

## Appearance

Chrysis viridula has a total length of about six to nine millimetres (0.24 to 0.35 in). The color of the head ranges from green to turquoise, and the thorax has a flame-like color. The main body of the insect has also been described to be colorful.

## Genetics

In Hymenoptera, the super-families of Ichnuemonidae and Chrysididae have the greatest number of chromosomes, each corresponding to about n=21. Thus, Chrysis viridula has a chromosome count which is equal to about 42 in its karyotype.

## Biology

In Britain Chrysis viridula is a parasitoid of the eumenids Odynerus spinipes and Odynerus melanocephalus, it has a flight period of June to August but has been recorded a month either side of this. The adults feed on a variety of flowers but mainly on umbellifers. It is normally found in the vicinity of the host wasps' nest tunnels on hard banks of sand, earth or clay, and once on the wall of a church. The females lay eggs in the brood cells of the host wasps as the host larva is preparing to pupate and is creating its cocoon, or just after the cocoon has been completed. The female C. viridula can open the host cocoons to oviposit within them. When the larval C. viridula hatches its eats the host larva. On the mainland of Europe other known hosts include Odynerus reniformis, Ancistrocerus parietum and Odynerus alpinus and in Italy its distribution extends to an altitude of 2,000 metres (6,600 ft).
This species has a thick exoskeleton which protects it from the defensive stinging attacks of the host females, to enhance this defence the female C. viridula has a concave underside and it can curl itself into a defensive ball. If she finds an undefended nest she will reverse down the nest chimney to lay her egg on the host wasp's egg. The host wasp does not normally detect the cuckoo wasp egg and seals the nest up for the winter for the new adult parasitoid to emerge in the following summer.
# Food Security Wheat Reserve

The Food Security Wheat Reserve (FSWR) was a strategic grain reserve of up to 4 million metric tons of wheat held by the United States for use in meeting emergency food needs in developing countries, established by Title III of the Agricultural Act of 1980 (P.L. 96–494). This reserve generally was to be used to meet famine or other urgent or extraordinary relief requirements during periods of tight supplies and high prices when commodities are not available under the provisions of P.L. 480.
The FSWR was replaced by the Food Security Commodity Reserve under the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104–127, Sec. 225), which has since been renamed the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust. The 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107–171, Sec. 3202) extended the Trust through 2007.
# Etambegoda

Etambegoda is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Elkanah Watson House

The Elkanah Watson House is a historic house at Lake and South Streets in Port Kent, New York. Built in 1828, it was the home of Elkanah Watson (1758–1842), a businessman and diplomat best known for founding and promoting the idea of agricultural fairs. This house, still a private residence, was his home until his death. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1964.

## Description and history

The Elkanah Watson House stands overlooking Lake Champlain to the east, at the southwest corner of Lake and South Streets in the village of Port Kent. It is a basically square two-story masonry structure, built out of ashlar granite. It is covered by a truncated hip roof with a square belvedere at its center. Its front facade is five bays wide, with the center three sheltered by a two-story projecting portico with round columns supporting a pedimented gable. There are distinctive round windows on the ground floor in the outer bays. A porte-cochere of similar design but only a single story in height projects from the center of the south facade.
The house was built in 1828 to a design by Sheldon & Merritt. It was constructed under the supervision of Charles Watson as the residence of his father, Elkanah Watson. It was the centerpiece of Watson's 5,000-acre property on the lake, of which pieces were later sold off for development. He occupied the house in May 1828 and also operated a farm on his property. The house was later the residence of Winslow C. Watson, one of his sons and a historian who completed Elkanah's autobiography. Elkanah Watson is buried in the family cemetery located near the house. Most outbuildings from the time the property was a working farm have been removed.
Elkanah Watson was a Revolutionary-era diplomat, banker and businessman, and an early promoter of canals in New York State. He is best known as the founder of the agricultural fair, which he developed to stimulate competition and best practices. He developed this idea while living in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, out of an incident where he tethered two merino sheep to a tree on the town common. The then-unusual animals drew a great deal of attention, prompting Watson to develop the idea of a broader fair, at which animals could be exhibited, and agricultural methods and practices could be shared. The first fair was held in Pittsfield in 1810.