OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Guandu Nature Park

Guandu Nature Park, also known as Kuantu Nature Park, (traditional Chinese: 關渡自然公園; simplified Chinese: 关渡自然公园; pinyin: Guāndù Zìrán Gōngyuán) is a park in Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan.

## History

The wetland within the area was saved from being turned into a stadium in 1996 due to the protest from civic groups. After 10 years of planning, the nature park was established in 2001. On 1 December 2001, the Taipei City Government trusted the Wild Bird Society of Taipei to manage the park. On 2 February 2015, Legislative Yuan lawmakers toured the area after the successful passing of Wetlands Conservation Act to commemorate its achievement.

## Geology

The park spans over an area of 57 hectares in a low-laying area of Taipei Basin at the junction of Keelung River and Tamsui River. It is divided into four areas, namely main area, core reserve area, outdoor observational area and sustainable management area. The park primarily consists of freshwater ponds, brackish ponds, swamps, rice fields and mounds.

## Ecology

The park is home to more than 830 animal species and around 230 bird species have been observed in the area. This wetland is categorized as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International.

## Facilities

The park features wooden trails, bird watching pavilions, nature center etc. The 2-story nature center serves as the information and education center of the park as well as exhibition center, research center and service center. The ground floor consists of auditorium, biological display, presentation room and gift shop. The upper floor consists of bird watching observatory, special exhibition area, classroom and refreshment area. It regularly holds guided tours, multimedia shows, special exhibitions, lectures, tutorials and consultations.

## Events

The park regularly holds the annual Taipei International Bird-Watching Fair since 1999 and also the Guandu International Nature Art Festival.

## Transportation

The park is accessible with walking distance southeast of Guandu Station of Taipei Metro.
# Corticomuscular coherence

Corticomuscular coherence relates to the synchrony in the neural activity of brain's cortical areas and muscle. The neural activities are picked up by electrophysiological recordings from the brain (e.g. EEG, MEG, ECoG, etc.) and muscle (EMG). It is a method to study the neural control of movement.

## Physiology

Corticomuscular coherence was initially reported between MEG and EMG and is widely studied between EMG and EEG, MEG, etc.
The origins of corticomuscular coherence seem to be communication in corticospinal pathways between primary motor cortex and muscles. While the role of descending corticomuscular pathways in generation of coherence are more clear, the role of ascending sensory spinocortical pathways are less certain.
Corticomuscular coherence has been of special interest in alpha band (about 10 Hz), in Beta band (15–30 Hz), and in Gamma band (35–60 Hz).

## Mathematics and statistics

A classic and commonly used approach to assess the synchrony between neural signals is to use Coherence.
Statistical significance of coherence is found as function of number of data segments with assumption of the signals' normal distribution. Alternatively non-parametric techniques such as bootstrapping can be used.

## Computational models

Corticomuscular coherence has been simulated in models which posit that motor commands are encoded in the spatial pattern of beta band synchronization patterns in motor cortex. Specific cortical oscillation patterns can be spatially filtered by the dendritic arbors of the corticospinal fibers to selectively shape the descending drive to the motoneurons in the spinal cord. Cortical oscillations can thus be translated into steady muscle forces which are maintained for the duration of the oscillation pattern. Although the oscillations serve only as the carrier for the motor command, weak traces of the beta oscillation are still transmitted to the muscle. These traces appear as weak levels of beta band corticomuscular coherence which are consistent with those observed in physiology.
# Grimaldi (crater)

Grimaldi is a large basin located near the western limb of the Moon. It lies to the southwest of the Oceanus Procellarum, and southeast of the crater Riccioli. Between Oceanus Procellarum is Damoiseau, and to the north is Lohrmann.
The inner wall of Grimaldi has been so heavily worn and eroded by subsequent impacts that it forms a low, irregular ring of hills, ridges and peaks, rather than a typical crater rim. However, there are peaks remaining that reach heights of over 2 kilometers. The mare lava floor is the most notable feature of this crater, forming a flat, relatively smooth and featureless surface with a particularly low albedo. The dark shade of the floor contrasts with the brighter surroundings, making the crater easy to locate. The approximate diameter of the inner rim is 174 kilometers.
Beyond the basin are the scattered remnants of an outer wall, which has a diameter of 220 kilometers. This exterior rim is more intact to the north and west of the crater than elsewhere. To the southeast of Grimaldi is a system of rilles named the Rimae Grimaldi. To the northwest, rilles belonging to the Rimae Riccioli approach the western edge of Grimaldi's rim.
A mass concentration (mascon), or gravitational high, has been identified in the center of Grimaldi (corresponding with the mare). The mascon was mapped at high resolution by GRAIL.
* Topographic map of the basin
* Gravity map based on GRAIL
Grimaldi has a history of transient lunar phenomena, including occasional flashes of light, color patches, and areas of hazy visibility. Gaseous emissions from this area have also been detected using spectroscopy.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Grimaldi.
| Grimaldi | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 5.4° S | 71.2° W | 15 km |
| B | 2.9° S | 69.2° W | 22 km |
| C | 2.6° S | 61.5° W | 10 km |
| D | 3.7° S | 65.5° W | 22 km |
| E | 3.7° S | 64.4° W | 13 km |
| F | 4.0° S | 62.7° W | 29 km |
| G | 7.4° S | 64.9° W | 13 km |
| H | 4.9° S | 71.4° W | 9 km |
| J | 2.9° S | 70.6° W | 16 km |
| L | 8.5° S | 66.7° W | 19 km |
| M | 8.0° S | 67.0° W | 18 km |
| N | 7.6° S | 66.6° W | 8 km |
| P | 8.0° S | 68.3° W | 10 km |
| Q | 4.8° S | 64.8° W | 21 km |
| R | 8.5° S | 71.2° W | 9 km |
| S | 6.4° S | 65.0° W | 11 km |
| T | 7.7° S | 70.9° W | 12 km |
| X | 5.8° S | 72.3° W | 9 km |
# Cornuclepsis

Cornuclepsis is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Cornuclepsis seminivea Razowski & Becker, 2000
# Cossack Brigade

Cossack Brigade can refer to:
* a military brigade composed of Cossacks
* Free Cossack Brigade of Vadim Yakovlev
* Persian Cossack Brigade of Vsevolod Lyakhov (also known as Iranian Cossack Brigade)
* 6th Separate Cossack Motorized Rifle Brigade
# Cossack (1813 Liverpool ship)

Cossack was launched in 1813 in Liverpool. She traded across the Atlantic, first to the Caribbean and then to Northern Canada. She underwent two maritime mishaps, the second of which in December 1823 resulted in her loss.

## Career

Cossack first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1813.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1813 | Hughes | Richey & Co. | Liverpool–"SSeba" | LR |
| 1814 | Hughes | Richey & Co. | Liverpool–South Seas | LR |
| 1814 | J.Hughes | J.Ritchie | Liverpool–Santo Domingo | Register of Shipping (RS) |
Although LR reported that Cossack intended to sail to the South Seas, i.e., the Southern Whale Fishery, the Register of Shipping was more accurate when it reported that Cossack was sailing to the Caribbean.
Cossack arrived at St Thomas from Liverpool on 19 December 1813. She reached Cap-Henry, Santo Domingo on 10 February 1814. On 24 March she arrived at Jamaica from Cape Henry and on 14 April sailed from Jamaica for Cork. On 6 July she sailed from Cork for London, having come from St. Domingo. On 14 October Cossack arrived at Gravesend from St. Domingo.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1815 | J.Hughes C.Pitt | J.Ritchie | Liverpool–Santo Domingo London–Demerara | RS |
| 1816 | J.Hughes Hill | Richey & Co. | London–Port-au-Prince | LR |
| 1818 | J.Walker | Captain & Co. | Liverpool–Canada | LR |
In June 1820 Lloyd's List reported that Cossack, Walker, master, had struck on Alcide Rock, near Bic Island. She was on a voyage from Liverpool to Montreal but had to discharge her cargo at Quebec as she had sustained damage. She arrived at Quebec on 20 May.
There was a report that on 15 January 1821 Cossack, Walker, master, had arrived at Madeira and had sailed the next day for Bombay. Another report had her arriving at Barbados, from Cork on 7 February. On 15 June Cossack arrived at Dublin from Trinidad.

## Fate

A report from Milford, dated 4 December 1823, stated that Cossack, Walker, master, with a cargo of lumber, had run ashore at Newgate Sands. She was on a voyage from Miramichi Bay to Dublin. Her crew was saved. She was a complete wreck but it was hoped that her materials and cargo could be saved if the weather was moderate.

## Citations

* ↑ LR (1813), Supple. pages "C", Seq. No.C127.
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 5502. 23 June 1820. hdl:2027/uc1.c2735030.
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 5862. 9 December 1823. hdl:2027/uc1.c2735033.
# Guido Fanconi

Guido Fanconi (English: /fɑːnˈkoʊni/) (1 January 1892 – 10 October 1979) was a Swiss pediatrician.

## Biography

Fanconi was born on 1 January 1892 in Poschiavo, a small village in the Canton of Grisons. Fanconi is regarded as one of the founders of modern pediatrics.
He received his secondary school education in Zürich. In 1911, he began his medical training in Lausanne. In 1920, he entered the Kinderspital (Children's Hospital) of the University of Zurich, where, with the exception of one year, he remained for 45 years.
Fanconi recognized the importance of biochemistry to clinical medicine. In 1929 he succeeded Emil Feer as professor of pediatrics and head of the Kinderspital. Under his direction, it became one of the most renowned children's hospitals in the world.
There are several medical conditions named after Dr. Fanconi. In 1927 he described hereditary panmyelopathy with short stature and hyperpigmentation, better known as Fanconi anemia. In 1934 the first cases of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas were described in a thesis written under his direction. In 1941 a large epidemic of poliomyelitis occurred in Switzerland. Fanconi analyzed its epidemiology and found that the virus was not transmitted by droplet infection, as previously assumed, but rather follows a gastrointestinal pathway like typhoid fever. His understanding of pathophysiologic connections culminated in his prediction that Down syndrome was due to a chromosomal abnormality, 20 years before trisomy 21 was discovered. His contributions to renal physiology led to renal Fanconi syndrome being named for him.
In 1945 he founded a new pediatric journal, Helvetica Paediatrica Acta, which has become an internationally renowned periodical. Dr. Fanconi retired in 1965 from his chairmanship in pediatrics, but continued to practice and lecture until his death.
# Costinha (disambiguation)

Costinha is a Portuguese nickname. It may refer to:
* Costinha (humorist) (1923–1995), born Lírio Mário da Costa, Brazilian actor and showman
* Paulo Costinha (born 1973), former Portuguese football goalkeeper
* Costinha (born 1974), born Francisco José Rodrigues da Costa Júnior, former Portuguese football midfielder
* Costinha (footballer, born 1992), born João José Pereira da Costa, Portuguese football forward
* Costinha (footballer, born 1994), born Pedro Miguel Neves da Costa, Portuguese football defender
* Costinha (footballer, born 2000), born João Pedro Loureiro da Costa, Portuguese football rightback
# Gruta de Lourdes metro station

Gruta de Lourdes is an underground metro station on the Line 5 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. It is located close to the western branch of the Autopista Central and the Basilica of Lourdes. East of the station, Line 5 runs beneath Quinta Normal Park. The station was opened on 12 January 2010 as part of the extension of the line from Quinta Normal to Pudahuel.
The station features a mined train hall and transept. Both tunnels, which have an oval cross section, were excavated from a deep open pit. A street-level pavilion with glazed walls contains the fare control.
At the platform level, the walls are paneled with rectangular tiles in blue tones, which are made of pre-painted perforated aluminum. The tracks lie 24.2 metres (79 ft) below street level.
# Courmont, Aisne

Courmont (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# Guillermo Haro Observatory

The Guillermo Haro Observatory (Spanish: Observatorio Astrofísico Guillermo Haro - OAGH) is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica - INAOE) in the Mexican state of Sonora. It is located 13 km (8.1 mi) north of Cananea and 85 km (53 mi) south-east of Mount Hopkins. It is named after Professor Guillermo Haro.

## Telescopes

The main telescope at the observatory is Ritchey-Chretein design with a 2.12 m (83 in) primary mirror and a 0.5 m (20 in) secondary mirror. Four different instruments are available to be mounted at the Cassegrain focus. Planning for the telescope began in 1972, but it was not dedicated until 1987. Routine operations began in 1992.
The observatory has a 0.41 m (16 in) Schmidt-Cassegrain reflector built by Meade Instruments on an equatorial mount located in a separate dome. It is used to make atmospheric extinction measurements and to monitor light pollution.
# Countrified (Farmer Boys album)

Countrified is the first full-length album of the German metal band Farmer Boys. All of the album's songs make reference to farm life or farm animals. It also has a cover track of Depeche Mode's "Never Let Me Down Again". The album is the band's heaviest album ever recorded and it strongly features elements from thrash metal, groove metal and gothic metal. Music videos for "Farm Sweet Farm" and "Never Let Me Down Again" were directed by Nick Lyon. Countrified sold over 10,000 copies.

## Tracks

* Farm Sweet Farm – 5:23
* Chew the Cud – 3:56
* Relieve the Tension 4:26
* When a Chicken Cries for Love – 3:31
* In a Distance to God – 5:18
* Two, Three, Farm – 4:55
* From Pig to Men – 4:50
* Call Me a Hog – 5:29
* Never Let Me Down Again (Depeche Mode cover) – 3:46, with Anneke van Giersbergen
* Countrified – 5:45
# Craig Campbell (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Craig Campbell is the debut studio album by the American country music artist of the same name. It features his debut single, "Family Man". It was released on April 5, 2011 by Bigger Picture Music Group. As of the chart dated May 7, 2011, the album has sold 15,256 copies in the US. The album's second single, "Fish," was released to country radio on June 6, 2011.

## Personnel

* Eddie Bayers - drums
* Craig Campbell - lead vocals
* Stuart Duncan - fiddle, mandolin
* Paul Franklin - steel guitar
* John Hobbs - piano, Wurlitzer
* Brent Mason - electric guitar
* Gary Prim - piano
* John Wesley Ryles - background vocals
* Bobby Terry - acoustic guitar
* Glenn Worf - bass guitar

## Chart performance
### Album

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums | 14 |
| U.S. Billboard 200 | 65 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions |
| Year | Single | US Country | US |
| 2010 | "Family Man" | 14 | 84 |
| 2011 | "Fish" | 23 | 83 |
| 2011 | "When I Get It" | 38 | — |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart ||||
# Guaza de Campos

Guaza de Campos is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. It is in the plain known as the Tierra de Campos.
According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 68 inhabitants.
# Counthorpe

Counthorpe is a hamlet in the civil parish of Counthorpe and Creeton in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It adjoins the hamlet of Creeton and lies 5 miles (8 km) south-west from Bourne and 3 miles (5 km) south from Corby Glen, and on the River Glen.
In the Domesday account Counthorpe is written as "Cudetorp". Before the Conquest lordship was held by Earl Morcar; after, Drogo de la Beuvrière became Tenant-in-chief.
Counthorpe shares the Grade I listed Anglican parish church at Creeton, dedicated to St Peter. The church is of late Decorated style. A restoration of 1851 discovered the arches and piers of a former Norman aisle. The church holds a chained bible from 1611. Two examples of Saxon crosses stand in the churchyard, with 20 stone coffins considered to mark the interment of Cistercian monks of Vallis Dei abbey in the neighbouring parish of Edenham.
Counthorpe was formerly a hamlet in the parish of Castle Bytham and had, up to the 16th century, its own parochial chapel, but was annexed to Creeton in 1860.
Counthorpe is recorded in the 1872 White's Directory as a small village in the parish of Castle Bytham, but which, for ecclesiastical purposes, became on 30 June 1860 united with Creeton. The village was 2 miles (3 km) from Little Bytham railway station. At this time Counthope was a township of 78 people in about 130 acres (0.5 km$^2$) of land divided between three farms; a farmer of one of these, at Counthorpe Lodge, was also a grazier.
In 1866 Counthorpe became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1931 the parish was abolished and merged with Creeton to form "Counthorpe and Creeton". In 1921 the parish had a population of 74.
# Guinea-Bissau at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics

Guinea-Bissau competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, in Nanjing, China from 16 August to 28 August 2014.

## Athletics

Guinea-Bissau qualified two athletes.
Qualification Legend: Q=Final A (medal); qB=Final B (non-medal); qC=Final C (non-medal); qD=Final D (non-medal); qE=Final E (non-medal)

### Field Events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Rank | Distance | Rank |
| Otoneil Badjana | Shot put | 17.36 | 11 qB | 17.71 | 12 |

### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heats | Heats | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Inesa Ca | 100 m | 14.45 | 29 qD | DNS | DNS |
# Country attractiveness

Country attractiveness is a multidisciplinary concept at the crossroads of development economics, financial economics, comparative law and political science: it aims at tracking and contrasting the relative appeal of different territories and jurisdictions competing for “scarce” investment inflows, by scoring them quantitatively and qualitatively across ad hoc series of variables such as GDP growth, tax rates, capital repatriation … etc.
There are multiple factors determining host country attractiveness in the eyes of large foreign direct institutional investors, notably pension funds and sovereign wealth funds. Research conducted by the World Pensions Council (WPC) suggests that perceived legal/political stability over time and medium-term economic growth dynamics constitute the two main determinants
Some development economists believe that a sizeable part of Western Europe has now fallen behind the most dynamic amongst Asia’s emerging markets, notably because the latter adopted policies more propitious to long-term investments: “Successful countries such as Singapore, Indonesia and South Korea still remember the harsh adjustment mechanisms imposed abruptly upon them by the IMF and World Bank during the 1997-1998 ‘Asian Crisis’ […] What they have achieved in the past 10 years is all the more remarkable: they have quietly abandoned the “Washington consensus” [the dominant Neoclassical perspective] by investing massively in infrastructure projects […] this pragmatic approach proved to be very successful.”
A Global Attractiveness Index has been developed since 2016 by The European House - Ambrosetti, the Italian think tank known for organizing the yearly Ambrosetti Forum. The Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (a body of the European Union) assessed the methodological choices of the Global Attractiveness Index 2020 (in its 5th edition) confirming that it is accurately designed and built.
# Coudray-Rabut

Coudray-Rabut (French pronunciation: ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune Pont-l'Évêque.
# Coudres

Coudres (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Eure department in northern France.
# Courbeveille

Courbeveille (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France. It is around 12 km south-west of Laval.
# Courbis

Courbis is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jean-Antoine Courbis (1752–1795), French lawyer and revolutionary
* Paul Courbis, (born 1967), French programmer
* Rolland Courbis, (born 1953), French footballer and manager
# Courbette, Jura

Courbette (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Courtesy Freight Northern Ontario Superspiel

The Courtesy Freight Northern Ontario Superspiel was an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that was held annually in November at the Port Arthur Curling Club in Thunder Bay, Ontario. The tournament was one of the development series events introduced on the World Curling Tour during the 2012–13 curling season. The tournament was held in a round robin format. The tournament started in 2012 as part of the World Curling Tour, but was held earlier as an Ontario Curling Tour Event. It was discontinued after 2013.
A women's event existed for just one season, in 2012.

## Past champions

Only skip's name is displayed.

### Men

| Year | Winning skip | Runner up skip | Purse (CAD) |
| 2010 | Craig Brown | Mike Pozihun | $16,000 |
| 2011 | Colin Koivula | Tyler George | $16,000 |
| 2012 | Al Hackner | Craig Kochan | $15,000 |
| 2013 | Tervor Bonot | Bryan Burgess | $15,000 |

### Women

| Year | Winning skip | Runner up skip | Purse (CAD) |
| 2012 | Krista McCarville | Ashley Kallos | $6,000 |
# Gurdip Singh

Prof. Gurdip Singh was the vice-chancellor of Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University in Lucknow, India. He was also a professor at the University of Delhi, where he had studied as well.
# Cralopa kaputarensis

Cralopa kaputarensis is a species of gastropod in the Charopidae family. It is endemic to Australia.
# Cram

Cram may refer to:
* Cram (surname), a surname, and list of notable persons having the surname
* Cram.com, a website for creating and sharing flashcards
* Cram (Australian game show), a television show
* Cram (game show), a TV game show that aired on the Game Show Network
* Cram (game), an impartial mathematical game similar to domineering
* Cram (software), a flashcard application for Apple devices
* Cram Motorsport, an auto racing team based in Italy
CRAM may refer to:
* NCR CRAM, Card Random-Access Memory, a computer memory technology developed by NCR
* Chalcogenide RAM, Chalcogenide random access memory, a phase-change computer memory technology
* Challenge–response authentication mechanism, a computer security procedure
* Counter-RAM, counter-rockets, artillery and mortars, a weapons system
* MS-CRAM, also known as Microsoft Video 1, a codec
* CRAM diet, a cereal, rice, and milk diet
* CRAM (file format), a compressed genome sequence alignment file