OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dictema

Dictema (Latin: dico, dixi, dictum – "I say, I state") is an elementary situational-thematic unit of a text, formed of one or more sentences as units of the immediately lower level of language segments.

## History of creation

The concept of the dictema was put forward by Mark Bloch in the mid-twentieth century in connection with a scientific discussion on the communicative units of language as described by Ferdinand de Saussure of the Geneva School, as well as Professor Alexander Smirnitsky. In turn, Professor Bloch considered the level of language units that had gone unnoticed, namely the levels of the phoneme and morpheme, to which he added the "third integral level of constructions with blurred boundaries" – syntax. Thus, following the creation of morphology by Dionysius Thrax and syntax by Apollonius Dyscolus, the isolation of the dictema represents another key stage in the history of grammar.

## Structure

In a uniformly unfolding monologic written text, the dictema is usually represented by a paragraph, whereas in dialogical speech, the dictema is usually represented by a rejoinder.
As an integrative unit of linguistic expression, the dictema distinguishes four main functionally significant aspects: naming, predication, thematization and stylization.
# 1977–78 Northern Rugby Football League season

The 1977–78 Northern Rugby Football League season was the 83rd season of rugby league football. Sixteen English clubs competed for the Northern Rugby Football League Championship with Widnes claiming the title by finishing the season on top of the League.

## Season summary

In June 1977, the International Rugby League Board imposed a four-year ban on international transfers. The ban was primarily put in place as a response to the growing number of English players being recruited by Australian clubs.
The League champions were Widnes for the first time. Bradford Northern's last game was cancelled as Featherstone Rovers were on strike, consequently Bradford Northern finished 2nd on percentages.
Hull FC, New Hunslet, Bramley and Dewsbury were demoted to the Second Division.
Leeds were 14-12 Challenge Cup Winners over St. Helens.
2nd Division Champions were Leigh, and they, Barrow, Rochdale Hornets and Huddersfield were promoted to the First Division.

## Cups
### Challenge Cup

Leeds beat St Helens 14-12 in the final played at Wembley Stadium on Saturday 13 May 1978 before a crowd of 96,000.
This was Leeds’ eleventh Cup Final win in fifteen appearances and their second in successive years.

### Player's No.6 Trophy

The Player's No.6 Trophy winners were Warrington beating Widnes 9-4 in the final.

### Premiership

Rugby League Premiership Trophy Winners were Bradford Northern beating Widnes 17-8 in the final.

### County cups

Workington Town (from Cumbria) beat Wigan 16–13 to win the Lancashire County Cup, and Castleford beat Featherstone Rovers 17–7 to win the Yorkshire County Cup.

### BBC2 Floodlit Trophy

BBC2 Floodlit Trophy Winners were Hull Kingston Rovers beating St. Helens 26-11 in the final.

## Statistics

The following are the top points scorers in the 1977–78 season.
| Player | Team | Tries |
| Stuart Wright | Widnes | 33 |
| Keith Fielding | Salford | 31 |
| Eddie Cunningham | St. Helens | 30 |
| John Bevan | Warrington | 30 |
| Steve Fenton | Castleford | 30 |
| Green Vigo | Wigan | 29 |
| Peter Glynn | St. Helens | 28 |
| David Smith | Leeds | 28 |
| Terry Morgan | York | 27 |
| Bruce Burton | Castleford | 27 |
| Player | Team | Goals |
| Geoff Pimblett | St. Helens | 178 |
| Steve Hesford | Warrington | 158 |
| John Woods | Leigh | 149 |
| Iain McCorquodale | Workington Town | 138 |
| Paul Woods | Widnes | 122 |
| David Watkins | Salford | 110 |
| Keith Mumby | Bradford Northern | 107 |
| Sammy Lloyd | Castleford | 104 |
| Neil Fox | Bradford Northern | 95 |
| Willie Oulton | Leeds | 80 |
# Aharon Amar

Aharon Amar (Hebrew: אהרון אמר), is a former Israeli footballer for Maccabi Haifa.

## Sports career

Amar was discovered by Haifa, when word of mouth got around that a local kibbutz had a new immigrant that was an amazing footballer. After scouts saw him play, he was immediately signed and enjoyed immediate success with the Greens.
This led to Amar being called up to the Israel national football team, where he played in the win over Yugoslavia. He played 14 times for Israel between 1958 and 1961.
He scored a league record seventeen goals in the 1958–59 Liga Leumit season. He was the last Maccabi Haifa player to top the league goalscoring until Zahi Armeli scored 25 goals in 1987–88.
# Darshna Vasava

Darshna Chandubhai Deshmukh Vasava (born 1968) is an Indian politician from Gujarat. She is a member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly from Nandod Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in Narmada district. She won the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

## Early life and education

Vasava is from Nandod, Narmada district, Gujarat. She married Chandubhai Deshmukh, who is also a doctor. She completed her MBBS in MBBS in gynaecology and later did MD at Maharaja Sayyajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara in 1998.

## Career

Vasava won from Nandod Assembly constituency representing Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election. She polled 70,543 votes and defeated her nearest rival, Haresh Vasava of the Indian National Congress, by a margin of 28,202 votes.
# Rockingham Free Public Library

Rockingham Free Public Library is one of four Carnegie Libraries in the state of Vermont. The building, in Bellows Falls, Vermont, a village of Rockingham, Vermont, was designed by Boston architects McLean & Wright in Classical Revival style. The Carnegie grant was offered in 1905. The town took a while to decide on allocating matching funds. The library officially opened on November 23, 1909. A children's annex was added to the building in 1929. In 2003 a new entryway and elevator were added for improved accessibility.

## Early history

Prior to this building being built, the Rockingham Free Public Library occupied a room in the lower floor of the town's opera house. Before that, there was a subscription library founded on October 28, 1799, as the Rockingham Library Society. The book collection moved around town occupying a room in the town's first high school, and a local drug store.$^{:596}$ The town's first public library card was issued in 1888.
# Sky Acres Airport

41°42′27″N 073°44′17″W﻿ / ﻿41.70750°N 73.73806°W﻿ / 41.70750; -73.73806
Sky Acres Airport (FAA LID: 44N) is a public-use airport located six miles (10 km) southwest of the central business district of Millbrook, a village in Dutchess County, New York, United States. It is privately owned by Sky Acres Enterprises, Inc.

## Facilities and aircraft

Sky Acres Airport covers an area of 205 acres (83 ha) and contains one runway designated 17/35 with a 3,830 x 60 ft (1,167 x 18 m) asphalt pavement. For the 12-month period ending September 15, 2005, the airport had 48,300 aircraft operations, an average of 132 per day: 99% general aviation and 1% military. There are 95 aircraft based at this airport: 82% single-engine and 18% multi-engine.

## Accidents

On August 17, 2019, a Cessna 303 plane that was departing the airport crashed into a private home resulting in the death of the pilot, Francisco Knipping Diaz, a Dominican American attorney from Manhattan and local homeowner Gerard "Jerry" Bocker.
# Science, Not Fiction

Science, Not Fiction is the tenth studio album by British heavy metal band Orange Goblin. The album was released on 19 July 2024 by Peaceville Records. It is the band's first album to feature bassist Harry Armstrong, who joined after the retirement of founding bassist Martyn Millard in 2021. Reviewers noted lyrical content of a more serious nature than on the band's previous albums, with a focus on religion, science, and spirituality, plus a taste of sarcasm and a voice of reason among modern political discussions. The new lyrical outlook was inspired by singer Ben Ward's adoption of a healthier lifestyle.

## Critical reception

The album received generally positive reviews from the rock and heavy metal media. Classic Rock raved that Orange Goblin "attain nation treasure status" (in the United Kingdom) with the release, while the band "aren’t just keeping up their impeccable standards, they’re getting better with age. They’re the real deal, the embodiment of British heavy metal, and we should all cherish them as such."
Mystification magazine called the album "the band's most complete, full-featured and driven heavy rock album in a decade or two" and concluded that it represents Orange Goblin's sound "past and present without a too-severe bloat to the running order." Metal Hammer praised the album as one of the best heavy metal albums of 2024, and noted the band's "profound understanding of what makes heavy metal such a joyous phenomenon." Kerrang! also praised the album, calling the band's performance "leaner, meaner and even trippier than ever before." Last Rites gave the album a favorable review while noting that "Catchiness is the name of the game from the get-go with tunes that sound like they’re straight from the golden age of heavy metal and rock ‘n’ roll."
Angry Metal Guy offered a mixed review, praising the consistency of Orange Goblin's sound but concluding that "despite some grand moments, Science, Not Fiction falls shy of past glories." Distorted Sound offered a similar assessment, concluding that "While the band have made evolutionary strides with this album in terms of songwriting process and lyrical observation, ultimately the album it is still a meat and potatoes heavy metal album that doesn’t deviate too far from the Orange Goblin template."

## Personnel

* Ben Ward – vocals
* Joe Hoare – guitar
* Chris Turner – drums
* Harry Armstrong – bass
# Psalter Pahlavi

Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad that was used for writing Middle Persian on paper; it is thus described as one of the Pahlavi scripts. It was written right to left, usually with spaces between words.
It takes its name from the Pahlavi Psalter, part of the Psalms translated from Syriac to Middle Persian and found in what is now western China.

## Letters

Letters (Isolated Form) :
| Name | Text | IPA |
| Aleph | 𐮀 | /a/, /aː/ |
| Beth | 𐮁 | /b/, /w/ |
| Gimel | 𐮂 | /g/, /j/ |
| Daleth | 𐮃 | /d/, /j/ |
| He | 𐮄 | /h/ |
| Waw-Ayin-Resh | 𐮅 | /w/, /r/ |
| Zayin | 𐮆 | /z/ |
| Heth | 𐮇 | /h/, /x/ |
| Yodh | 𐮈 | /j/, /ē̆/, /ī̆/, /d͡ʒ/ |
| Kaph | 𐮉 | /k/, /g/ |
| Lamedh | 𐮊 | /l/, /r/ |
| Mem-Qoph | 𐮋 | /m/, /q/ |
| Nun | 𐮌 | /n/ |
| Samekh | 𐮍 | /s/, /h/ |
| Pe | 𐮎 | /p/, /b/, /f/ |
| Sadhe | 𐮏 | /t͡ʃ/, /d͡ʒ/, /z/ |
| Shin | 𐮐 | /ʃ/ |
| Taw | 𐮑 | /t/, /d/ |

## Punctuation

Four different large section-ending punctuation marks were used:
| Mark | Mark | Description |
| Image | Text | Description |
| | 𐮙 | Section mark |
| | 𐮚 | Turned section mark |
| | 𐮛 | Four dots with cross |
| | 𐮜 | Four dots with dot |

## Numbers

Psalter Pahlavi had its own numerals:
| Value | Value | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 20 | 100 |
| Sign | Image | | | | | | | |
| Sign | Text | 𐮩 | 𐮪 | 𐮫 | 𐮬 | 𐮭 | 𐮮 | 𐮯 |
Some numerals have joining behavior (with both numerals and letters). Numbers are written right-to-left. Numbers without corresponding numerals are additive. For example, 96 is written as 𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮮𐮭𐮫𐮫‎ (20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 10 + 3 + 3).

## Unicode block

Psalter Pahlavi script was added to the Unicode Standard in June, 2014 with the release of version 7.0.
The Unicode block is U+10B80–U+10BAF:
Psalter Pahlavi Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) :
| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| U+10B8x | 𐮀‎ | 𐮁‎ | 𐮂‎ | 𐮃‎ | 𐮄‎ | 𐮅‎ | 𐮆‎ | 𐮇‎ | 𐮈‎ | 𐮉‎ | 𐮊‎ | 𐮋‎ | 𐮌‎ | 𐮍‎ | 𐮎‎ | 𐮏‎ |
| U+10B9x | 𐮐‎ | 𐮑‎ | | | | | | | | 𐮙‎ | 𐮚‎ | 𐮛‎ | 𐮜‎ | | | |
| U+10BAx | | | | | | | | | | 𐮩‎ | 𐮪‎ | 𐮫‎ | 𐮬‎ | 𐮭‎ | 𐮮‎ | 𐮯‎ |
| Notes 1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0 2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points |||||||||||||||||
# Graball, Gibson County, Tennessee

Graball (also known as Grabal) is an unincorporated community in Gibson County, Tennessee, United States. Graball is located along U.S. Route 45E and Tennessee State Route 43 at the southern border of Milan.
# Rajendra Prasad Singh (Birbhum politician)

Rajendra Prasad Singh (born 1973), also known as Raju Singh, is an Indian politician from West Bengal. He is a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from Nalhati Assembly constituency in Birbhum district. He won the 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election representing the All India Trinamool Congress.

## Early life and education

Singh is from Nalhati, Birbhum district, West Bengal. He is the son of Krishnananda Singh. He studied Class 8 VIII at Nalhati Vivekananda Vidyapith and passed the examinations conducted by the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education in 1987. His wife looks after the family business of stone industries.

## Career

Singh won from Nalhati Assembly constituency representing All India Trinamool Congress in the 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. He polled 117,438 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Tapas Kumar Yadav of the Bharatiya Janata Party, by a margin of 56,905 votes.
# Vikram Menon

Rear Admiral Vikram Menon, VSM is a serving flag officer of the Indian Navy. He currently serves as the Joint Secretary (Navy & Defence Staff) at the Department of Military Affairs. He previously served as the Flag Officer Naval Aviation (FONA) and Flag Officer Goa Naval Area (FOGA), and as the Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff (Air) at Naval headquarters.

## Naval career

Menon graduated from the National Defence Academy and was commissioned into the Indian Navy on 1 January 1990. He trained as a Naval aviator. He qualified as a fighter pilot on the British Aerospace Sea Harrier. He has over 2000 hours of flying experience and became a Qualified Flying Instructor (QFI). He was a senior pilot in INAS 300, the longest serving combat unit of the Indian Navy. He has flown the Sea Harrier extensively from the aircraft carrier INS Viraat (R22)
Menon commanded the Trinkat-class patrol vessel INS Tillanchang (T62) and the Sukanya-class patrol vessel INS Sharda (P55). He also commanded the Naval Flight Test Squadron INAS 552. As a Captain, he commanded the Deepak-class fleet tanker INS Shakti (A57). He was in command of INS Shakti during the International Fleet Review 2016 at Visakhapatnam. As part of the Eastern Fleet in 2015, INS Shakti, under his command, visited Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Cambodia and Australia as part of India's Act East policy.
He also served as the executive officer of the Rajput-class Guided-missile destroyer INS Ranvijay (D55). He subsequently attended the Higher Naval Command course at the Naval War College, Goa. Menon then served as the Director of Aircraft Acquisition at Naval Headquarters.
Promoted to the rank of commodore, Menon took over as Commanding officer (CO) of the Naval air station INS Hansa in Goa. For his tenure as CO INS Hansa, he was awarded the Vishisht Seva Medal on 26 January 2018. He subsequently served as the Chief Staff Officer (Air) at Headquarters Naval Aviation to the then FONA Rear Admiral P. G. Pynumootil.

### Flag rank

Menon was promoted to flag rank and appointed Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Air) at Naval Headquarters. On 30 April 2022, he was appointed Flag Officer Naval Aviation (FONA). During this tenure, he also dual-hatted as the Flag Officer Goa Area (FOGA). He took over as FOGA/FONA from Rear Admiral Philipose George Pynumootil. After about one-and-a-half years as FOGA/FONA, Menon was appointed Joint Secretary (Navy & Defence Staff) at the Department of Military Affairs.

## Awards and decorations

| Vishisht Seva Medal | Operation Vijay Star | Operation Vijay Medal | Operation Parakram Medal |
| Sainya Seva Medal | 50th Anniversary of Independence Medal | 20 Years Long Service Medal | 9 Years Long Service Medal |
# Saptagiri Sankar Ulaka

Saptagiri Sankar Ulaka is an Indian politician hailing from Rayagada, Koraput. He was elected to the 17th Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Koraput, Odisha in the 2019 Indian general election as a member of the Indian National Congress. He retained his seat again by winning with a margin of 1,47,744 votes in the 2024 Indian general election. He is currently the only member from Odisha Congress in the Lok Sabha

## Early life and education

Hailing from a politically active family of South Odisha belonging to the Jatapu tribal community, Saptagiri's father Ramachandra Ulaka was a two-time MP from Koraput, seven-time MLA from Rayagada. Saptagiri's mother Ratnamani Ulaka is a member of AICC and State vice President of Odisha Mahila Congress. Saptagiri is a software engineer by profession, as a Senior Project Manager, Infosys in the United States of America.He had also worked with top firms such as Ranbaxy, HCL Technologies etc.
Saptagiri Sankar Ulaka is also a polyglot who is fluent in Kui,Odia,English,Telugu,Hindi & German. Saptagiri Sankar Ulaka is married to Smt Pooja Ulaka who is a social activist & social entrepreneur. The couple are blessed with twins Nandini & Ramachandra Ulaka.

## Political career

He has been instrumental in raising a voice for a High Court Bench in Undivided Koraput among many other issues that are pertinent to the welfare and development of Koraput. He has been instrumental in getting air connectivity to his Parliamentary Constituency & South Odisha at large with repeated demands in the Lok Sabha for upgradation of the existing Jeypore airstrip into a full fledged commercial airport at Jeypore city. The Jeypore airport is currently scheduled for commercial operations by June 2022.

### Electoral performance

| Year | Election | Party | Party | Constituency Name | Result | Votes gained | Vote share% | Margin |
| 2019 | 17th Lok Sabha | | INC | Koraput | Won | 3,71,129 | 34.36% | 3,613 |
| 2024 | 18th Lok Sabha | | INC | Koraput | Won | 4,71,393 | 41.03% | 1,47,744 |
# Janet Wolfson de Botton

Dame Janet Frances de Botton, DBE (née Wolfson; formerly Green) is a British art collector and philanthropist.
Janet de Botton is the eldest daughter of Lord Wolfson and his wife, Ruth (née Sterling), who married in 1949, and a granddaughter of Sir Isaac Wolfson, founder of the Great Universal Stores family; she was previously married to the broadcasting executive Michael Green. Her late husband, Swiss financier Gilbert de Botton, sold Global Asset Management for £234 million in 1999.
In June 2010, the Wolfson Foundation announced the appointment of de Botton as the new Chairman following a unanimous decision by the Trustees. De Botton has been a Trustee of Tate and Chairman of the Council of Tate Modern.
In 2007, she appeared at number 22 (down from number 18, in 2006) in the Sunday Times Rich List, with an estimated personal fortune of £285 million. She is a prominent collector of modern art. In 1996, she presented 60 works of art to the Tate, including examples by Carl Andre, Richard Artschwager, Gilbert & George, Richard Long, Cindy Sherman, Roni Horn, Gary Hume, Nancy Spero, Andy Warhol and Bill Woodrow.
She was appointed Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 2006 and elevated to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2013 Birthday Honours for charitable services to the arts.
According to the Sunday Times Giving List in 2020, de Botton gave £65.1 million to charitable causes in 2019.
# KF Vjosa

KF Vjosa (Albanian: Klubi Futbollistik Vjosa) is a professional football club from Kosovo which competes in the First League. The club is based in Shtime. Their home ground is the Shtime Sports Complex which has a viewing capacity of 1,000.

## Honours

* Second League
** Winners (1): 2022
# Lesley Cowley

Lesley Ruth Cowley OBE is a British businesswoman, chairwoman and non-executive director. She is best known as the former CEO of .uk domain name registry Nominet UK, and is the current chair of the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) and Companies House, and non-executive director of telecoms operator aql.

## Career

In 1990, Cowley joined New College, Swindon, where she became director of corporate services.
Cowley joined Nominet as operations director in 1999 before being made managing director in 2002 and CEO in 2004, serving in that position for 10 years. She led the organisation through a period of significant change, during which it grew from 400,000 .uk registrations and 28 staff to 10.5m registrations and 200 staff. In addition, she played a leading role in the establishment of the Nominet Trust charity, the UK's leading social tech funder. Cowley announced her departure from Nominet in May 2014, and left the company in July.
Cowley was appointed as the first non-executive chair of the DVLA in October 2014, and reappointed in October 2016. She was appointed lead non-executive director of The National Archives in January 2016, and non-executive chair of Companies House in June 2017.
Since October 2014, Cowley has served as the non-executive director of telecoms operator aql.
She previously served as ICANN ccNSO chair and as a member of the UK Government Cyber Crime Reduction Partnership.
Cowley is a founder of DNS Women, a global networking and support group for women working in the domain name system sector.

## Education

During her time working at New College, Swindon, the college offered Cowley the opportunity to go to university - having not previously gone - and she became a student at the University of the West of England, Bristol, studying part-time for a Master of Business Administration (MBA). She graduated with distinction in 1997.
She was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Technology by UWE Bristol in 2015 in recognition of her achievement and influence in the field of technology and her contribution to STEM and STEM ambassadors in schools.

## Honours and awards

Cowley was made an OBE for services to the internet and e-commerce in 2011.
Computer Weekly named Cowley as one of the top five most influential women in IT in both 2012 and 2013. The following year she was awarded the inaugural ICANN Leadership Award.
In 2014, Cowley was named by the Sunday Times as one of the 500 most influential people in the UK.
Cowley is a Fellow of the Institute of Directors, Institute of Credit Management, the British Computer Society and the Royal Society of Arts.

## Personal life

Cowley was born and raised in Bristol and left school at 17, initially working in sales and credit management.
# Shire of Mundubbera

The Shire of Mundubbera was a local government area in the northern catchment of the Burnett River, Queensland, Australia. The shire covered an area of 4,192.8 square kilometres (1,618.8 sq mi), and existed as a local government area from 1915 until 2008, when it amalgamated with several other shires to form the North Burnett Region.
The Shire's economy was based on citrus production, grain crops, beef cattle, pigs and dairying.

## History

The Shire of Auburn came into being on 19 May 1915, being created from part of the Shire of Eidsvold and part of the Shire of Rawbelle. However, the name was not a popular choice, eventually resulting in it being renamed Shire of Mundubbera on 5 January 1923. In 1932, it lost some of its area to the neighbouring shires of Eidsvold and Monto.
On 15 March 2008, under the Local Government (Reform Implementation) Act 2007 passed by the Parliament of Queensland on 10 August 2007, the Shire of Mundubbera merged with the Shires of Biggenden, Eidsvold, Gayndah, Monto and Perry to form the North Burnett Region.

## Towns and localities

The Shire of Mundubbera included the following settlements:
* Mundubbera
* Boynewood
* Dykehead
* Gurgeena
* Monogorilby
* Mundowran
* Philpott
* Riverleigh

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1933 | 2,302 |
| 1947 | 2,064 |
| 1954 | 2,326 |
| 1961 | 2,617 |
| 1966 | 2,580 |
| 1971 | 2,391 |
| 1976 | 2,395 |
| 1981 | 2,481 |
| 1986 | 2,355 |
| 1991 | 2,340 |
| 1996 | 2,514 |
| 2001 | 2,451 |
| 2006 | 2,236 |

## Chairmen and mayors

* 1927: J. J. Hardy
* 2000–2004: Doug McIvor
* 2004–2008: Bruce Serisier