# Wapello County, Iowa

Wapello County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,437. The county seat is Ottumwa. The county was formed on February 17, 1843, and named for Wapello, a Meskwaki chief.
Wapello County is included in the Ottumwa, IA Micropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 436 square miles (1,130 km$^2$), of which 432 square miles (1,120 km$^2$) is land and 4.2 square miles (11 km$^2$) (1.0%) is water.

### Major highways

* U.S. Highway 34
* U.S. Highway 63
* Iowa Highway 16
* Iowa Highway 137
* Iowa Highway 149

### Transit

* Ottumwa station
* Ottumwa Transit Authority

### Adjacent counties

* Mahaska County (northwest)
* Keokuk County (northeast)
* Jefferson County (east)
* Davis County (south)
* Monroe County (west)

## Demographics
### 2020 census

The 2020 census recorded a population of 35,437 in the county, with a population density of 81.2225/sq mi (31.3602/km$^2$). There were 15,734 housing units, of which 14,167 were occupied.
Wapello County Racial Composition :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (NH) | 27,295 | 77.02% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 1,443 | 4.1% |
| Native American (NH) | 66 | 0.2% |
| Asian (NH) | 622 | 1.8% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 518 | 1.5% |
| Other/Mixed (NH) | 1,161 | 3.3% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 4,332 | 12.22% |

### 2010 census

The 2010 census recorded a population of 35,625 in the county, with a population density of 82.5016/sq mi (31.8540/km$^2$). There were 16,098 housing units, of which 14,552 were occupied.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 36,051 people, 14,784 households, and 9,801 families residing in the county. The population density was 84 people per square mile (32 people/km$^2$). There were 15,873 housing units at an average density of 37 units per square mile (14 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 96.28% White, 0.93% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.65% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.05% from other races, and 0.79% from two or more races. 2.22% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 14,784 households, out of which 28.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.70% were married couples living together, 9.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.70% were non-families. 28.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.89.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.30% under the age of 18, 9.70% from 18 to 24, 26.00% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 17.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 94.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.70 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $32,188, and the median income for a family was $39,224. Males had a median income of $31,346 versus $21,286 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,500. About 9.40% of families and 13.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.00% of those under age 18 and 7.90% of those age 65 or over.

## Communities
### Cities

* Agency
* Blakesburg
* Chillicothe
* Eddyville
* Eldon
* Kirkville
* Ottumwa

### Unincorporated communities

* Ashland
* Bladensburg
* Dahlonega
* Dudley
* Farson
* Munterville
* Phillips
* Pickwick
* Ottumwa Junction
* Rutledge

### Townships

* Adams
* Agency
* Cass
* Center
* Columbia
* Competine
* Dahlonega
* Green
* Highland
* Keokuk
* Pleasant
* Polk
* Richland
* Washington

### Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Wapello County.
† county seat
| Rank | City/Town/etc. | Municipal type | Population (2020 Census) |
| 1 | † Ottumwa | City | 25,529 |
| 2 | Eddyville (partially in Mahaska and Monroe Counties) | City | 970 |
| 3 | Eldon | City | 783 |
| 4 | Agency | City | 620 |
| 5 | Blakesburg | City | 274 |
| 6 | Kirkville | City | 157 |
| 7 | Chillicothe | City | 76 |

## Politics

Between 1864 and 1928, Wapello County backed the Republican candidate in every election except 1912, when former Republican Theodore Roosevelt ran as the Progressive candidate, fracturing the Republican party and allowing Democrat Woodrow Wilson to take the county with a plurality of the vote of less than 37%. From 1932 to 2012, the county voted Democratic in every election except two, the nationwide Republican landslides of Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952 and Richard Nixon in 1972. Beginning in 2016, Wapello County has shifted back to the Republican column, as Donald Trump carried the county in each of his three runs, winning by a margin of over 20% in 2016 and over 23% in 2020, and over 31% in 2024. Also in 2024, Trump became the first candidate from any party to obtain at least 65% of the county's vote since Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964, and the first Republican to do so since Herbert Hoover in 1928.
United States presidential election results for Wapello County, Iowa :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 9,479 | 65.00% | 4,896 | 33.57% | 208 | 1.43% |
| 2020 | 9,516 | 60.87% | 5,821 | 37.24% | 296 | 1.89% |
| 2016 | 8,715 | 57.53% | 5,594 | 36.93% | 840 | 5.54% |
| 2012 | 6,789 | 43.05% | 8,663 | 54.93% | 318 | 2.02% |
| 2008 | 6,663 | 41.80% | 8,820 | 55.33% | 457 | 2.87% |
| 2004 | 7,403 | 44.31% | 9,125 | 54.62% | 179 | 1.07% |
| 2000 | 6,313 | 41.70% | 8,355 | 55.19% | 471 | 3.11% |
| 1996 | 4,828 | 32.69% | 8,437 | 57.12% | 1,505 | 10.19% |
| 1992 | 4,852 | 30.17% | 8,670 | 53.91% | 2,561 | 15.92% |
| 1988 | 5,350 | 34.14% | 10,177 | 64.93% | 146 | 0.93% |
| 1984 | 7,098 | 39.88% | 10,545 | 59.24% | 157 | 0.88% |
| 1980 | 7,475 | 42.31% | 8,923 | 50.50% | 1,270 | 7.19% |
| 1976 | 6,786 | 39.30% | 10,249 | 59.35% | 233 | 1.35% |
| 1972 | 9,301 | 51.19% | 8,348 | 45.94% | 522 | 2.87% |
| 1968 | 7,825 | 41.96% | 9,375 | 50.28% | 1,447 | 7.76% |
| 1964 | 5,524 | 28.26% | 13,971 | 71.48% | 51 | 0.26% |
| 1960 | 11,036 | 49.79% | 11,116 | 50.15% | 15 | 0.07% |
| 1956 | 10,401 | 48.65% | 10,960 | 51.26% | 20 | 0.09% |
| 1952 | 11,571 | 52.24% | 10,449 | 47.17% | 130 | 0.59% |
| 1948 | 7,875 | 41.50% | 10,841 | 57.13% | 260 | 1.37% |
| 1944 | 8,244 | 43.19% | 10,732 | 56.22% | 113 | 0.59% |
| 1940 | 9,039 | 43.03% | 11,880 | 56.56% | 87 | 0.41% |
| 1936 | 7,647 | 41.31% | 10,578 | 57.14% | 287 | 1.55% |
| 1932 | 7,256 | 42.49% | 9,504 | 55.66% | 316 | 1.85% |
| 1928 | 11,586 | 66.10% | 5,793 | 33.05% | 149 | 0.85% |
| 1924 | 9,870 | 56.96% | 3,039 | 17.54% | 4,420 | 25.51% |
| 1920 | 9,884 | 67.99% | 4,131 | 28.42% | 522 | 3.59% |
| 1916 | 4,398 | 47.65% | 3,994 | 43.28% | 837 | 9.07% |
| 1912 | 2,755 | 32.53% | 3,102 | 36.62% | 2,613 | 30.85% |
| 1908 | 4,541 | 50.69% | 3,724 | 41.57% | 694 | 7.75% |
| 1904 | 4,912 | 60.60% | 2,473 | 30.51% | 720 | 8.88% |
| 1900 | 4,742 | 53.21% | 3,902 | 43.78% | 268 | 3.01% |
| 1896 | 4,319 | 50.75% | 4,041 | 47.49% | 150 | 1.76% |