# Wilkinson County, Georgia

Wilkinson County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,877. The county seat is Irwinton. The county was created on May 11, 1803, and named for General James Wilkinson (1757–1825).

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 452 square miles (1,170 km$^2$), of which 447 square miles (1,160 km$^2$) is land and 4.6 square miles (12 km$^2$) (1.0%) is water. The county is located mainly in the upper Atlantic coastal plain region of the state, but does have some rolling hills due to its close proximity to the fall line.
The entirety of Wilkinson County is located in the Lower Oconee River sub-basin of the Altamaha River basin.

### Major highways

* U.S. Route 80
* U.S. Route 441
* State Route 18
* State Route 18 Spur
* State Route 19
* State Route 29
* State Route 57
* State Route 96
* State Route 112
* State Route 243
* State Route 540 (Fall Line Freeway)

### Adjacent counties

* Baldwin County (north)
* Bleckley County (south)
* Washington County (northeast)
* Johnson County (east)
* Laurens County (southeast)
* Twiggs County (southwest)
* Jones County (northwest)

## Communities
### Cities

* Allentown
* Gordon
* Irwinton (county seat)
* Danville
* Ivey
* McIntyre
* Toomsboro

### Unincorporated communities

* Nicklesville
* Stephensville

## Demographics

Wilkinson County racial composition as of 2020 :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 5,110 | 57.56% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 3,163 | 35.63% |
| Native American | 30 | 0.34% |
| Asian | 22 | 0.25% |
| Pacific Islander | 3 | 0.03% |
| Other/Mixed | 310 | 3.49% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 239 | 2.69% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 8,877 people, 3,185 households, and 2,079 families residing in the county.

## Politics

Wilkinson County voted for every Democratic presidential nominee from 1828 to 1960; note that 1828 was the first year in which Georgia held a popular vote for presidential electors and also the first year in which the Democratic Party ran a presidential candidate. However, there was at least one example of Republican success in the county during Reconstruction: in the 1868 gubernatorial election, which was held in April, the Republican ticket swept the county, with Rufus Bullock receiving 59% of the vote; the Republican candidate for county ordinary won by just 1.7%. Decades later, in the 1948 presidential election Harry Truman only won the county by one vote from States’ Rights candidate Strom Thurmond.
In 1964, Wilkinson County voted overwhelmingly for Barry Goldwater, the first Republican presidential nominee to win the county. It also delivered large victories to segregationist American Independent Party candidate George Wallace and Republican Richard Nixon in 1968 and 1972 respectively. In the presidential elections of both 1976 and 1980, former Georgia governor Jimmy Carter, a Democrat, won the county easily.
In 1984, Democrat Walter Mondale won the county by a 9% margin, which was only the second presidential result in the county within 30% since 1912. This was also the first time since 1848, when Whig Zachary Taylor narrowly won Georgia, that the county voted for a presidential candidate who did not win the state. In the following three presidential elections, Wilkinson continued to give Democratic candidates between 53% and 59% of the vote.
In 2000, Al Gore won Wilkinson County by a margin of 1.3%, or 84 votes, receiving 50.4% to George W. Bush's 48.1%. The county then voted for all three Republican nominees from 2004 to 2012, each time by a margin of less than 1.5%. In 2016, it voted for Donald Trump by a margin of just over 10%. Wilkinson was thus one of many counties in Georgia's historic black belt that demonstrated a significant swing in favor of Republican presidential candidates from 2012 to 2016. Similarly, the county swung from a 0.25% victory for the 2014 Democratic gubernatorial nominee to an 11.63% victory for the 2018 Republican gubernatorial nominee.
Even as it has become more favorable to Republicans at the state and federal level, Wilkinson's county government continued to be dominated by Democrats up until the 2020s. For most of this century the Democratic primary was often tantamount to election. In 2016, Democrats won all six county executive offices without Republican opposition, as well as the three school board seats up for election that year. While the Republican district attorney for the district that includes Wilkinson was also unopposed, he received only 65.6% of ballots cast, compared to at least 72.4% for each unopposed Democratic countywide official. In 2018, Democratic incumbents were reelected unopposed to two of the county's five commission seats unopposed and to a third seat by a 25% margin, as well as winning the race for commission chair unopposed. The Democratic candidate in the open first commission district lost, but by just 2.7%. Both school board members up that year were unopposed Democratic incumbents.
Similarly, the overwhelming majority of primary voters in Wilkinson have chosen Democratic ballots even in recent years, presidential primaries excepted. In 2014, 2,022 of 2,174 primary voters (93.0%) chose Democratic ballots. In 2016, 1,726 of 2,033 primary voters (84.9%) did so, and in 2018, 1,186 of the 1,862 primary voters (63.7%) did so, even in the context of a competitive statewide Republican primary for governor. Three incumbent county commissioners faced opponents in their 2018 primaries; the incumbent county commission chair lost, and the District 2 incumbent won by just one vote.
Prior to the November 2022 elections, Democrats held a majority or 4 out of 5 seats on the County Commission. On election night, a Republican defeated the incumbent Democratic chairman by nearly 20 percentage points. Republicans were also able to flip an additional seat on the commission previously held by a Democrat, and in doing so captured a 3-2 majority. Republicans also captured a seat on the local Board of Education, in which they had none prior to the election.
United States presidential election results for Wilkinson County, Georgia :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 2,888 | 58.84% | 2,012 | 40.99% | 8 | 0.16% |
| 2020 | 2,665 | 55.87% | 2,074 | 43.48% | 31 | 0.65% |
| 2016 | 2,333 | 54.29% | 1,894 | 44.08% | 70 | 1.63% |
| 2012 | 2,246 | 50.40% | 2,181 | 48.95% | 29 | 0.65% |
| 2008 | 2,349 | 50.21% | 2,298 | 49.12% | 31 | 0.66% |
| 2004 | 2,261 | 50.04% | 2,235 | 49.47% | 22 | 0.49% |
| 2000 | 1,800 | 48.13% | 1,884 | 50.37% | 56 | 1.50% |
| 1996 | 1,332 | 34.08% | 2,278 | 58.28% | 299 | 7.65% |
| 1992 | 1,232 | 30.26% | 2,286 | 56.14% | 554 | 13.61% |
| 1988 | 1,546 | 45.30% | 1,831 | 53.65% | 36 | 1.05% |
| 1984 | 1,756 | 45.52% | 2,102 | 54.48% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1980 | 1,116 | 31.60% | 2,365 | 66.96% | 51 | 1.44% |
| 1976 | 837 | 23.99% | 2,652 | 76.01% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1972 | 2,196 | 74.52% | 751 | 25.48% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1968 | 685 | 20.24% | 829 | 24.50% | 1,870 | 55.26% |
| 1964 | 2,172 | 69.28% | 963 | 30.72% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 631 | 32.28% | 1,324 | 67.72% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 393 | 23.23% | 1,299 | 76.77% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 378 | 18.83% | 1,629 | 81.17% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 96 | 8.74% | 501 | 45.59% | 502 | 45.68% |
| 1944 | 271 | 26.21% | 763 | 73.79% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1940 | 147 | 13.95% | 906 | 85.96% | 1 | 0.09% |
| 1936 | 118 | 14.43% | 695 | 84.96% | 5 | 0.61% |
| 1932 | 0 | 0.00% | 726 | 100.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1928 | 227 | 31.79% | 487 | 68.21% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 56 | 15.86% | 284 | 80.45% | 13 | 3.68% |
| 1920 | 37 | 12.63% | 256 | 87.37% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1916 | 20 | 4.77% | 371 | 88.54% | 28 | 6.68% |
| 1912 | 10 | 2.58% | 365 | 94.32% | 12 | 3.10% |

### Government

Current county officials:
| Category | Specific office | Name | Party | Year of last election |
| Executive or judicial office | Clerk of Superior Court | Cinda Sloan Bright | D | 2020 |
| Executive or judicial office | Coroner | William “Billy” Matthews | R | 2020 |
| Executive or judicial office | Probate/Magistrate Judge | Lisa Vance Dykes | R | 2020 |
| Executive or judicial office | Sheriff | Richard Chatman | D | 2020 |
| Executive or judicial office | County Surveyor | Donald D. Brooks | D | 2020 |
| Executive or judicial office | Tax Commissioner | Jemesha Anderson | D | |
| Board of Commissioners | Chairman | Anthony Bentley | R | 2024 Special |
| Board of Commissioners | District 1 | Zachery Shepherd | R | 2022 |
| Board of Commissioners | District 2 | James Hagins | D | 2022 |
| Board of Commissioners | District 3 | Robert Dames | R | 2022 |
| Board of Commissioners | District 4 | Anderson Ford | D | 2022 |
| Board of Education | Chairman | Roger Smith | D | 2020 |
| Board of Education | District 1 | Leigh Scott | R | 2022 |
| Board of Education | District 2 | Kimberly S. Watkins | D | 2022 |
| Board of Education | District 3 | Leroy Strange | D | 2020 |
| Board of Education | District 4 | Charles Pitts | D | 2020 |

## Education

The only school district is the Wilkinson County School District.