# Marshall County, Iowa

Marshall County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,105. The county seat and largest city is Marshalltown. The county was formed on January 13, 1846, and named after John Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Marshall County comprises the Marshalltown, Iowa Micropolitan Statistical Area. In 2010, the center of population of Iowa was located in Marshall County, near Melbourne.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 573 square miles (1,480 km$^2$), of which 573 square miles (1,480 km$^2$) is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km$^2$) (0.1%) is water.

### Transit

* Marshalltown Municipal Transit

### Major highways

* US 30
* Iowa 14
* Iowa 96
* Iowa 146
* Iowa 330

### Adjacent counties

Jasper County (South) Tama County (East) Story County (West) Hardin County (Northwest) Grundy County (North)

## Demographics
### 2020 census

The 2020 census recorded a population of 40,105 in the county, with a population density of 70.1835/sq mi (27.0980/km$^2$). 90.76% of the population reported being of one race. There were 16,745 housing units, of which 15,358 were occupied.
Marshall County Racial Composition :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (NH) | 27,438 | 68.42% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 785 | 2% |
| Native American (NH) | 153 | 0.4% |
| Asian (NH) | 1,514 | 3.8% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 33 | 0.08% |
| Other/Mixed (NH) | 1,042 | 2.6% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 9,140 | 22.8% |

### 2010 census

The 2010 census recorded a population of 40,648 in the county, with a population density of 71.0232/sq mi (27.4222/km$^2$). There were 16,831 housing units, of which 15,538 were occupied.

### 2000 census

At the 2000 census there were 39,311 people, 15,338 households, and 10,460 families in the county. The population density was 69 people per square mile (27 people/km$^2$). There were 16,324 housing units at an average density of 28 units per square mile (11 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 90.44% White, 0.93% Black or African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.78% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 6.03% from other races, and 1.42% from two or more races. 8.96%. were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Of the 15,338 households 31.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.40% were married couples living together, 9.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.80% were non-families. 26.90% of households were one person and 12.20% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.00.
The age distribution was 25.30% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 26.30% from 25 to 44, 23.90% from 45 to 64, and 16.40% 65 or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 99.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.50 males.
The median household income was $38,268 and the median family income was $46,627. Males had a median income of $33,809 versus $24,063 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,176. About 7.10% of families and 10.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.30% of those under age 18 and 8.60% of those age 65 or over.

## Communities
### Cities

* Albion
* Clemons
* Ferguson
* Gilman
* Haverhill
* Laurel
* Le Grand
* Liscomb
* Marshalltown
* Melbourne
* Rhodes (previously named Edenville)
* St. Anthony
* State Center

### Census-designated place

* Green Mountain

### Other unincorporated communities

* Bangor
* Dunbar
* LaMoille
* Marietta
* Quarry

### Townships

* Bangor
* Eden
* Greencastle
* Iowa
* Jefferson
* Le Grand
* Liberty
* Liscomb
* Logan
* Marietta
* Marion
* Marshall
* Minerva
* State Center
* Taylor
* Timber Creek
* Vienna
* Washington

### Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Marshall County.
† county seat
| Rank | City/Town/etc. | Municipal type | Population (2020 Census) |
| 1 | † Marshalltown | City | 27,591 |
| 2 | State Center | City | 1,391 |
| 3 | Le Grand (partially in Tama County) | City | 905 |
| 4 | Melbourne | City | 786 |
| 5 | Gilman | City | 542 |
| 6 | Albion | City | 448 |
| 7 | Liscomb | City | 291 |
| 8 | Rhodes | City | 271 |
| 9 | Laurel | City | 220 |
| 10 | Haverhill | City | 165 |
| 11 | Clemons | City | 140 |
| 12 | Green Mountain | CDP | 113 |
| 13 | Ferguson | City | 97 |
| 14 | St. Anthony | City | 76 |

## Politics

Prior to 1964, Marshall County was strongly Republican, never backing a Democratic presidential candidate from 1880 to 1960 and only failing to back a Republican candidate during those years in 1912 with a strong third party campaign by former president Theodore Roosevelt on the Bull Moose ticket. Since then, it has become far more of a swing county, having backed the national winner in the seven presidential elections from 1992 to 2016. That streak was broken in 2020, when Donald Trump won the county but lost nationally. The county is considered a bellwether polity.
United States presidential election results for Marshall County, Iowa :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 9,815 | 56.83% | 7,134 | 41.31% | 321 | 1.86% |
| 2020 | 9,571 | 52.77% | 8,176 | 45.08% | 389 | 2.14% |
| 2016 | 9,146 | 50.87% | 7,652 | 42.56% | 1,182 | 6.57% |
| 2012 | 8,472 | 44.44% | 10,257 | 53.80% | 335 | 1.76% |
| 2008 | 8,278 | 44.36% | 10,023 | 53.71% | 362 | 1.94% |
| 2004 | 9,557 | 49.87% | 9,443 | 49.27% | 164 | 0.86% |
| 2000 | 8,785 | 49.85% | 8,322 | 47.22% | 517 | 2.93% |
| 1996 | 7,017 | 40.50% | 8,669 | 50.04% | 1,638 | 9.46% |
| 1992 | 6,784 | 37.09% | 8,303 | 45.40% | 3,202 | 17.51% |
| 1988 | 7,657 | 43.63% | 9,760 | 55.62% | 132 | 0.75% |
| 1984 | 10,839 | 54.63% | 8,809 | 44.40% | 192 | 0.97% |
| 1980 | 10,707 | 54.56% | 7,114 | 36.25% | 1,805 | 9.20% |
| 1976 | 9,562 | 51.33% | 8,695 | 46.67% | 373 | 2.00% |
| 1972 | 10,798 | 60.85% | 6,618 | 37.30% | 328 | 1.85% |
| 1968 | 9,402 | 56.35% | 6,362 | 38.13% | 922 | 5.53% |
| 1964 | 6,323 | 39.09% | 9,815 | 60.68% | 38 | 0.23% |
| 1960 | 10,265 | 60.23% | 6,761 | 39.67% | 16 | 0.09% |
| 1956 | 10,305 | 62.74% | 5,755 | 35.04% | 365 | 2.22% |
| 1952 | 11,135 | 65.93% | 5,314 | 31.46% | 441 | 2.61% |
| 1948 | 6,698 | 52.19% | 5,602 | 43.65% | 533 | 4.15% |
| 1944 | 7,325 | 55.67% | 5,598 | 42.55% | 234 | 1.78% |
| 1940 | 8,503 | 56.44% | 6,497 | 43.13% | 65 | 0.43% |
| 1936 | 7,377 | 52.66% | 6,297 | 44.95% | 334 | 2.38% |
| 1932 | 6,604 | 48.98% | 6,385 | 47.36% | 494 | 3.66% |
| 1928 | 9,326 | 72.90% | 3,384 | 26.45% | 82 | 0.64% |
| 1924 | 9,010 | 68.09% | 1,516 | 11.46% | 2,707 | 20.46% |
| 1920 | 9,334 | 79.10% | 2,166 | 18.36% | 300 | 2.54% |
| 1916 | 4,172 | 60.32% | 2,414 | 34.90% | 330 | 4.77% |
| 1912 | 926 | 13.79% | 2,162 | 32.19% | 3,629 | 54.03% |
| 1908 | 3,887 | 61.34% | 1,941 | 30.63% | 509 | 8.03% |
| 1904 | 4,229 | 66.74% | 1,203 | 18.98% | 905 | 14.28% |
| 1900 | 4,878 | 65.07% | 2,329 | 31.07% | 289 | 3.86% |
| 1896 | 4,541 | 61.85% | 2,626 | 35.77% | 175 | 2.38% |