OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Earl of Melville

Earl of Melville is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1690 for the Scottish soldier and statesman George Melville, 4th Lord Melville. He was made Lord Raith, Monymaill and Balwearie and Viscount of Kirkcaldy at the same time, also in the Peerage of Scotland. He married Catherine Leslie, daughter of Alexander Leslie, Lord Balgonie, and granddaughter of Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven. Lord Melville was succeeded upon his death in 1707 by his eldest surviving son, David, who already in 1681 had succeeded to the earldom of Leven through his mother. The two earldoms have since remained united. For further history of the titles, see Earl of Leven.
The title Lord Melville, of Monymaill, was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1616 for Robert Melville, an Extraordinary Lord of Session under the judicial title Lord Murdochairnie, with remainder to his elder brother, John Melville. He was succeeded by his son, Robert, the second Lord. He was a Lord of Session under the judicial title Lord Burntisland. In 1628 he obtained a regrant of the title with remainder to his heirs general bearing the name of Melville. Lord Melville died childless and was succeeded by his first cousin once removed, John Melville, the third Lord, grandson of the aforementioned John Melville, elder brother of the first Lord. The third Lord was succeeded by his son, the aforementioned fourth Lord, who was created Earl of Melville in 1690.

## Lords Melville (1616)

* Robert Melville, 1st Lord Melville (1527–1621)
* Robert Melville, 2nd Lord Melville (died 1635)
* John Melville, 3rd Lord Melville (died 1643)
* George Melville, 4th Lord Melville (1636–1707) (created Earl of Melville in 1690)

## Earls of Melville (1690)

* George Melville, 1st Earl of Melville (1636–1707)
* David Melville, 3rd Earl of Leven, 2nd Earl of Melville (1660–1728)
For further Earls of Melville, see Earl of Leven.
# Glossary of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has created and popularized many terms relating to disease and videoconferencing.
# Rope, Cheshire

Rope is a scattered settlement and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It lies immediately to the south of Crewe, with the centre of the parish being around 2¼ miles from the centre of Crewe. Nearby villages include Shavington, Willaston and Wistaston. The civil parish has a total population of just over 2150, reducing to 2,034 at the 2011 Census.

## Governance

Rope is administered by Rope Parish Council. Disgraced and scandal ridden ex Cllr. Brian Silvester was rejected by the ward in 2015. Brian Silvester was spared jail but forced to pay a £70,000 fine after admitting that he put vulnerable lives at risk for rent money. From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East . Rope falls in the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich, which has been represented by Kieran Mullan since 2019, after being represented by Laura Smith (2017–19), Edward Timpson (2008–17) and Gwyneth Dunwoody (1983–2008).

## Geography and transport

Much of the area is relatively flat, with an average elevation of around 50 metres. Urban development is largely limited to the Wells Green area in north east corner of the civil parish, adjacent to Wistaston and south Crewe. Much of the remainder of the parish is rural, with the major land use being agricultural. Wellsgreen Brook and Swill Brook run through the east of the civil parish; the latter forms part of its eastern boundary. There are several other unnamed brooks within the parish, as well as several small meres and ponds.
The Crewe–Nantwich railway line runs east–west through the centre of the parish. The A500 trunk road runs around 500 metres south of the railway line, in the south of the parish. Rope Lane runs north–south through the parish, crossing the railway line at Ropegreen Bridge; it connects Crewe and Shavington. Gresty Lane/Eastern Road runs east–west through the parish immediately south of the railway, and connects Willaston with the B5071 north of Shavington.

## Demography

According to the 2001 census, the civil parish had a population of 2155 in 778 households. The historical population figures were 79 (1801), 96 (1851), 62 (1901) and 177 (1951).

## Education

Shavington Academy, located on Rope Lane at SJ694523, provides secondary education for Rope and civil parishes to the south of Crewe. Berkeley Primary School, at SJ695531, provides primary education for the northern half of the civil parish, as well as parts of Wistaston and Shavington cum Gresty. The southern half of the parish falls within the catchment area of Shavington Primary School in Shavington.
# Tiffany Derry

Tiffany Derry (born December 26, 1982) is an American celebrity chef and restaurateur. She is a Top Chef television series alumna and known for her appearances on Cutthroat Kitchen and Hungry Investors (Spike TV). She is based in Dallas, Texas.

## Early life

Derry was born in Beaumont, Texas. She is African American.
Derry graduated from The Art Institute of Houston in 2003 with an Associate of Applied Science degree in culinary arts. She started her culinary career at the local International House of Pancakes at the age of 15, where she later had a management position.

## Restaurant career

Derry was the chef and owner of "Private|Social" in Dallas from 2011 to 2013. In 2012, Derry founded her professional website promoting her culinary career and her restaurant, "Private|Social." In 2013, Derry expressed interest in opening her own restaurant in her hometown of Beaumont.
Derry has also working with the Dallas Independent School District to improve their school lunch program in order to provide healthier options.
Derry opened Roots Chicken Shak in Plano in 2017.
Derry, partnering with investor Tom Foley of T2D Concepts and Indigo Group, to opened Roots Southern Table in June 2021 in Farmers Branch, Texas as an expansion concept to Roots Chicken Shak. The concept is chef driven and the menu consists of high end twists to the classic southern recipes Derry grew up with. Roots Southern Table was included in the "2021 Restaurants List" by The New York Times, as one of the fifty best American restaurants of the year.

## Television appearances

Derry competed in Top Chef season 7 in Washington, D.C. and won "fan favorite" after placing fifth. She also competed among the All-Star chefs in season 8 and finished fourth as a finalist.
Derry appeared on an episode of Spike TV's Bar Rescue in June 2013, and has appeared in a commercial promoting her alma mater, "The Art Institute of Houston". She has occasionally appeared on other episodes of Bar Rescue from time to time.
In November 2013, she was the day's winner on an episode of Food Network's Cutthroat Kitchen and she started to appear on the Spike TV series Hungry Investors, which debuted in 2014.
In 2022 she became one of the competing chefs on the Bobby Flay series Bobby's Triple Threat, and in 2022 and 2023, Derry was on Guy Fieri's television series, Tournament of Champions, seasons 3 and 4.
In 2024, she joined Anne Burrell to host season 27 of Worst Cooks in America.

## Awards

In 2013, Derry was awarded the Hall of Fame by the Association of Private Sector Colleges and Universities.
# Mohammad Ali (Netrokona politician)

Dr Muhammad Ali (c. 1942 – 3 October 2012) was a Bangladeshi physician and politician from Netrokona belonging to the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad.

## Biography

Ali was elected as a member of the Jatiya Sangsad from Mymensingh with Netrokona constituency in the Sixth General Election of Bangladesh. He was also elected from that constituency in the Seventh Jatiya Sangsad Election. He was elected from that constituency in 2001 too.
Ali was married to Rabeya Ali. They had two sons and two daughters.
Ali died on 3 October 2012 at Apollo Hospital, Dhaka at the age of 70.
# Richard F. Bansemer

The Reverend Richard F. Bansemer (born May 26, 1940) is a Lutheran pastor who served as Bishop of the Virginia Synod from 1987-1999. Richard F. Bansemer was born to Reinhold Matthias and Oralee Ann Brierly Bansemer.
Bansemer was ordained in 1966, with a Bachelor of Divinity from Southern Seminary. He holds honorary Doctor of Divinity Degrees from Roanoke College in Salem, Virginia, and from Newberry College, Newberry, South Carolina. He married Miss Mary Ann Troutman in 1971. The Reverend Bansemer served University Lutheran in Gainesville Florida (1966-1968), and then St. John parish in Roanoke from 1968-1973, and was then called to serve as pastor and mission developer of Lord of the Mountains Lutheran in Dillon, Colorado. From 1978-1987 he served Rural Retreat Parish (Grace and St. Paul) in Rural Retreat, Virginia, and then served as Bishop of the Virginia Synod from 1987 until his retirement in 1999.
# Leucogenes grandiceps

Leucogenes grandiceps, commonly known as the South Island edelweiss, is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the South and Stewart Islands of New Zealand.

## Description

Leucogenes grandiceps is a perennial herb with leafy stems and white and yellow flowers. It grows up to 0.1 cm tall by 10 cm wide and has pale green leaves.

## Habitat preferences

Leucogenes grandiceps prefers subalpine and alpine regions.

## Life cycle

Leucogenes grandiceps flowers between November and March and seed is wind dispersed.

## Predators, parasites and diseases

Leucogenes grandiceps serves as a food source for a variety of endemic insect species in its native habitat. One such insect is the Adoxia obscura beetle, which visits the flowers of the plant. Several grasshopper species, including Brachaspis nivalis, Paprides nitidus, Sigaus australis, and Sigaus villosus, are also known to feed on the leaves, flowers, and fruits of Leucogenes grandiceps. Several wasp and bee species, such as Lasioglossum maunga and Leioproctus pekanui, are associated with the plant along with a variety of fly species, including Melangyna novaezelandiae, Melangyna sp., Muscidae sp., Plethochaetigera setiventris, and Veluta albicincta.
# Paidi Lakshmayya

Paidi Lakshmayya BA, B.L. (Telugu: పైడి లక్ష్మయ్య) (26 April 1904 – 28 April 1987) was an Indian parliamentarian, actor, writer and administrator. He was born to Shri Musalappa in Achampalle village in Kambadur mandal in Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. After primary education in the village, he graduated as Telugu language as main subject in 1932. He studied for a Bachelor of Law degree from Madras Law College.
He was member of Congress party from 1947. After a successful tenure in local politics, he was elected to the 1st Lok Sabha from Ananthapur constituency in 1952 as a member of the Indian National Congress. He visited Russia as a Parliamentary delegation and drafted useful suggestions on Agricultural reforms.
In 1957 Andhra Pradesh appointed him as Commissioner of the Endowments department. During his tenure he developed many Hindu temples in Andhra Pradesh. He took special interest in the development of Srisailam temple. Later on he worked as Chairman of Srisailam Devasthanam.
He wrote some dramas and poetic works; important amongst these are Markandeya vijayam, Mahatma Kabir, Samsara Nauka, Sai Leelalu, Srisaila Mallikarjuna Mahatyam, Srisaileeyam. He was President of Rayalaseema Dramatic Association, Anantapur between 1944 and 1949. He wrote his autobiography with title "Jnapakalu – Vyapakalu" in 1984.
Andhra University honored him with Kala Prapoorna (Honorary Doctorate).
# Zebrzydowa-Wieś

Zebrzydowa-Wieś is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowogrodziec, within Bolesławiec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Nowogrodziec, 14 km (9 mi) west of Bolesławiec, and 117 km (73 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.
# Trimdon railway station

Trimdon railway station served the village of Trimdon, County Durham, England, from 1871 to 1952 on the Great North of England, Clarence and Hartlepool Junction Railway.

## History

The station was opened in August 1871 by the North Eastern Railway. Upon its opening the first Trimdon station was renamed Trimdon Foundry but subsequently closed two years later. To the north was the signal box and on the platform was the station building. It closed on 9 June 1952.
# Noodle (disambiguation)

Noodles are a type of food.
Noodle or Noodles may also refer to:

## Places

* Noodle, Texas, a community in the United States

## People

* Noodles (musician), Kevin John Wasserman, (born 1963) an American guitarist and member of the band Offspring
* Noodles, Masta Killa, (born 1969), a member of the musical group Wu-Tang Clan
* Noodles, Jamie McLennan, (born 1971), a Canadian sportscaster & former goaltender in the National Hockey League
* Noodles Hahn (Frank George Hahn, 1879–1960), American Major League Baseball player

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Fictional characters

* David "Noodles" Aaronson, the protagonist of 1952 novel Once Upon A Time In America
* Noodle (Gorillaz), a fictional member of the band Gorillaz
* Mr. Noodle, human character on Sesame Street
* Noodles (Usagi Yojimbo), a character in the comic books series Usagi Yojimbo
* Noodle, a fictional orphan girl from the 2023 film Wonka
* Noodle, a poodle in the Hairy Maclary and Friends book series

### Other arts, entertainment, and media

* Noodle (film), a 2007 Israeli film
* Noodles (film), a 2023 Indian film
* Noodles (band), a Japanese rock music group

## Other uses

* Noodle, a guide for the cable on a bicycle brake
* Egg noodle, a form of pasta
* Noodles & Company, an American fast food restaurant chain
* Pool noodle, a piece of foam used while swimming
* Noodle, an education technology company founded by John Katzman
* Noodling, musical improvisation, often used in a pejorative sense
* Noodle (dog), a pet influencer popular for TikTok videos
# 1972 Bermudian general election

General elections were held in Bermuda on 7 June 1972. The ruling United Bermuda Party remained in power, again winning 30 of the 40 seats in the House of Assembly.

## Electoral system

The 40 members of the House of Assembly were elected in 20 two-member constituencies. Voters had two votes, with the two candidates with the highest vote number being elected.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | United Bermuda Party | 21,036 | 61.77 | 30 | 0 |
| | Progressive Labour Party | 13,018 | 38.23 | 10 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 34,054 | 100.00 | 40 | 0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 17,673 | – | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 22,981 | 76.90 | | |
| Source: Parliamentary Registry ||||||
# Ithriya

Ithriya (Arabic: أثريا), Roman "Seriana". is a Syrian village located in Al-Saan Nahiyah in Salamiyah District, Hama. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ithriya had a population of 2118 in the 2004 census.

## History

In Roman times in Near Antiquity, Seriana housed a temple, known as the Church of Seriana.
During the Syrian Civil War, Ithriyah became a strategically important point. It lays on the last highway under government control connecting the city of Aleppo to Khanasir and the Salamiyah region. In the Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (February–March 2016) and Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (June 2016), the town was used as a launching point for offensives against IS.
On 15 December 2022, ISIS forces ambushed a convoy of the Syrian NDF militia near the village. The ambush began following the detonation of a landmine under the militiamen's car, killing 3 NDF fighters immediately. Brief clashes took place between ISIS forces and the militiamen, another 2 NDF fighters were killed in the clashes.
# Westergoa

Westergoa was one of the Seven Sealands and one of the three that now lie within the borders of today's Dutch province of Friesland. Later it was one of the three goaen of Frisia. In the Middle Ages Westergoa most probably formed the political centre of the Frisian realm.

## Area

On the eastern side Westergoa was bordered by the Middelsee, on the other side Eastergoa. On the south side it bordered with what originally was Bornegoa which was in the line with Terhernster Lake to the south of the coast, the eastern perimeter was with Doedingwerstal. All other borders were coastlines.

## 1200

Around 1200, Westergoa was divided into parts within the Westergoa area Franeker, Wildinge and Wymbrits, called the Fiefdielen (Five parts). Franeker and Wildinge have probably been the original Westergo. Wymbrits was added when begin 12th century when Sudergoa was merged into Westergoa.

## 1500

Around 1500 Het Bildt, was added to Westergoa but by the establishment of Sânwâlden, Gaasterland, Doniawerstal and Lemsterland these parts in the south of Westergoa were lost. Also eight cities grew exceptionally in the Westergoa area; Harlingen and Franeker in the Fiefdielen part, Bolsward at the eastern side of Wildinge, now Wûnseradiel and at the southern point Workum and Hindeloopen. The rest of Wymbrits fell into three cities and six parts. Stavoren, Sneek and IJlst had become autonomous cities but six Frisian slots formed the grietenijen of Wymbritseradeel and Hemelumer Oldeferd (and Noardwâlde).
The nine 'grietenijen' of Westergo :
| 1 | Menaldumadeel |
| 2 | Franekeradeel |
| 3 | Barradeel |
| 4 | Baarderadeel |
| 5 | Hinnaarderadeel |
| 6 | Wûnseradeel |
| 7 | Wymbritseradeel |
| 8 | Himmelumer Aldefurd |
| 9 | Het Bildt |
Eight Cities: :
| Ha | Harlingen |
| F | Franeker |
| B | Bolsward |
| Sn | Sneek |
| Dr | IJlst |
| W | Workum |
| Hy | Hindeloopen |
| St | Stavoren |
# Hryhoriy Khomyshyn

Hryhoriy Khomyshyn (also Hryhorij Khomyshyn, Ukrainian: Григорій Лукич Хомишин, Polish: Grzegorz Chomyszyn) was a Ukrainian Greek Catholic bishop and hieromartyr.

## Biography

Khomyshyn was born on 25 March 1867 in the village of Hadynkivtsi, eastern Galicia, in what is now Ternopil Oblast. He graduated from Lviv seminary and was ordained a priest on 18 November 1893. He continued to study theology at the University of Vienna from 1894 to 1899, and in 1902, Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky appointed Khomyshyn the rector of the Greek Catholic Theological Seminary in Lviv. In 1904, he was consecrated as the bishop for Stanyslaviv (now Ivano-Frankivsk) at St. George's Cathedral, taking the episcopal motto "Подъ твою милость" (Church Slavonic for "Beneath thy mercy"). Throughout his tenure, spanning over four decades, he was considered the second most powerful figure in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.
Unlike Sheptytsky, Khomyshyn believed that the UGCC should adopt a more westward orientation, further emphasizing the Uniate Church's relationship with Rome. This meant introducing Latinized practicies such as the Gregorian calendar and a strict adherence to clerical celibacy, which were met with controversy in his eparchy.
During the 1930s, Khomyshyn was responsible for organizing the Ukrainian Catholic People's Party, which briefly held seats in the Sejm and Senate. He is noted as being one of only a handful of members of the Catholic hierarchy in interwar Poland to publicly oppose anti-Semitism; his tolerance towards Galician Jews likely owing to his own experience as part of Poland's Ukrainian minority. As a result of his moderate approach to Ukrainian nationalism, he would be labeled a "sellout" by the OUN and was left fearing for his life.

## Arrest and martyrdom

Khomyshyn was first arrested in 1939 by the NKVD. A critic of the Soviet system, having called the occupying forces "fierce beasts animated by ... the devil," he was arrested again in April 1945, and was then deported to Kyiv. In prison, he was tortured and advised to renounce the Union of Brest, which he refused to do.
Khomyshyn died in the Lukyanivska Prison hospital in Kyiv on 17 January 1947. He was beatified by Pope John Paul II on 27 June 2001, as one of Mykolai Charnets'kyi and the 24 companion martyrs. The sesquicentennial of his birth in 2017 was marked by celebrations in both Ukraine and Poland, along with examinations of the bishop's social impact in academic circles.

## Quote

"At the Kyiv prison, the interrogations were conducted by Interrogator Dubok. He was a horrible sadist. He investigated my case... This Dubok told me himself how he had killed the bishop: 'So you, Khomyshyn, spoke out against communism?' The bishop, as always, replied resolutely: 'I did and I will.' Did you fight against Soviet authority?' 'Yes, I did and I will!' Then Dubok became outraged and grabbed some books written by the bishop, which lay on the table in front of him, and started cruelly beating His Excellency with them, on his head and everywhere else." - From the testimony of Father Petro Heryliuk-Kupchynysky.
# Umme Kulsum Smrity

Umme Kulsum Smrity (born 1 January 1963) is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Gaibandha-3 constituency during 2020–2024.

## Early life

Smrity was born on 1 January 1963. She graduated with a law degree.

## Career

Smrity was elected to parliament from reserved seat as a Bangladesh Awami League candidate in 2014. She is the General Secretary of the Central Committee of Bangladesh Krishak League. She was elected to Parliament from Gaibandha-3 in an by-election on 21 March 2020.
# Cabezo Redondo treasure

The Tesorillo del Cabezo Redondo is a gold hoard discovered in the spring of 1963 at Cabezo Redondo, an Argaric culture settlement located 2 km from the city of Villena (Alicante).
It consists of 35 pieces of personal adornment, including a diadem, rings, bracelets, pendants, beads from a necklace, spirals, bands, and a small gold ingot, totaling 150 g in weight. It is believed that these items belonged to a goldsmith, as suggested by the presence of the ingot. There has been significant speculation regarding its close relationship with the Treasure of Villena.
# Kenneth Brower

Kenneth Brower is an American writer known for his natural environment writings. His published works include articles with the National Geographic Society, The Atlantic Monthly, Smithsonian, Audubon, and several other periodicals.
Brower's articles have appeared in National Geographic, National Geographic Books, National Geographic Traveler, National Geographic History & Culture (online) and National Geographic Adventure. He has also published articles with The Atlantic (Formerly known as The Atlantic Monthly).
Brower is the author of several books about environmental issues and natural history. His publications include The Starship and the Canoe (1978) about the physicist Freeman Dyson and his son George Dyson; Freeing Keiko: The Journey of a Killer Whale from Free Willy to the Wild, about the Orca, Keiko, made famous by the motion picture Free Willy; And his book Yosemite: An American Treasure is in over 1,200 WorldCat libraries.
Brower is the oldest son of David Brower, who was a prominent environmentalist and the founder of many environmental organizations. His first job was working as an editor for the Exhibit Format series, published by Sierra Club Books. He also was a contributing author and editor for The Earth's Wild Places series.
Brower's career spans decades, this is list of his published works.