OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dunbar School (Tucson, Arizona)

Dunbar School was a segregated middle school in Tucson, Arizona which closed as an integrated school in 1978.
The school, during its segregated era, was named after African-American poet Paul Laurence Dunbar.

## History

Dunbar School, first named Colored School, was opened to African American students on September 22, 1913. At first, students attended classes at a small building, later moving to a new premise.
Construction of a new building for the school was financed by a 1917 bond issue of $150,000 that also financed the construction of Safford Junior High School, in addition to financing repairs to existing school buildings.
The school was noted for having deficient funding, and the building did not have a cafeteria, auditorium, or new textbooks. The school, however, would get an auditorium, cafeteria, and 23 classrooms in 1948.

### Integration

The end of the school's segregated era came in 1951, when the Arizona State Legislature repealed laws that mandated segregation of elementary and middle school students, and gave districts the authority to desegregate. That same year, the Dunbar School graduated its last all African-American group of students.
Following the decision to integrate the district, then Tucson Unified School District superintendent Robert Morrow recommended the school be renamed, in an effort to erase any possible traces of segregation. The integrated school was named after early Tucson educator John Spring.
Despite the end of segregation at Tucson Unified, school segregation nevertheless perpetuated, due to neighborhood housing patterns. In the 1973-1974 school year, Spring was one of 28 Tucson schools that were classified as racially identifiable.

### Aftermath

The school was closed in 1978. In 1995, a group called the Dunbar Coalition bought the former school's building from Tucson Unified, with the aim of transforming the school building into an African-American museum and cultural center. Since then, the school's auditorium has been used as rented space, and the building is home to a barber school, a commercial kitchen, a dance studio, and a cosmetology school.
# Durant House (St. Charles, Illinois)

The Durant House or Durant–Peterson House is a historic residence in unincorporated St. Charles Township, Illinois near St. Charles. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

## History

Bryant Durant was born in Ware, Massachusetts in 1808. He began work as a bricklayer when he was 13, but needed to leave Massachusetts in the 1830s to pursue better economic opportunity. Durant moved to St. Charles in 1837 to work at a family store. He purchased a 195 acres (79 ha) lot near the city to build a house in 1843. He lived in the house until 1881, when he sold it to Godfrey Peterson. Peterson repaired and remodeled the house throughout the following decade. The Peterson family owned the lot until 1934. It was sold to the Sheldon family, who sold it to the Kane County Forest Preserve District in 1964. The district voted to restore the house as a historic site, and furnished it with 19th-century furnishings. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 18, 1976, as an example of a typical modest home of the mid-19th century, and is open for free (with a suggested donation) to the public by the Preservation Partners of the Fox Valley.

## Architecture

The two-story house was originally built with locally fired brick, originally featuring three rooms downstairs, four rooms upstairs, and a basement. Peterson installed a wooden three-room addition on the first floor upon buying the house in 1881. The original windows were replaced sometime after 1898, but replicas of the original were installed during the restoration in the 1970s. The basement has a fieldstone wall, but its dirt floor had to be covered with concrete to accommodate a heating unit. A keeping room was added to the basement during the Peterson renovation, and now features a staircase leading to the exterior. The kitchen and the first floor bathroom are in original room with little modernization. The third original room needed to be reconstructed, as it had been remodeled to function as a garage at some point.
# De Witt Municipal Airport

De Witt Municipal Airport (FAA LID: 5M1) is a public use airport in Arkansas County, Arkansas, United States. It is owned by the City of De Witt (or DeWitt) and located three nautical miles (6 km) southeast of its central business district. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

## Facilities and aircraft

De Witt Municipal Airport covers an area of 79 acres (32 ha) at an elevation of 190 feet (58 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 18/36 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,204 by 60 feet (977 x 18 m).
For the 12-month period ending August 31, 2016, the airport had 51,100 aircraft operations, an average of 140 per day: 99.8% general aviation and 0.2% military. At that time there were 18 single-engine aircraft based at this airport.
# Diamond Point Airport

Diamond Point Airport is a private community airport located on the northeast corner of Miller Peninsula in Clallam County, Washington, 8 mi (13 km) east of Sequim. It opened in August 1965.
Runway 11/29 is paved (asphalt) and has a length of 2,335 ft × 24 ft (712 m × 7 m), with a grass strip on the north side. Traffic pattern is to the north over the water. Runway lighting is on from dusk to dawn. Deer on the runway are common.
See 2WA1.org for airport information, procedures, and photos.
# Joey Eijpe

Joey Eijpe (born January 17, 1988, in Huizen) is a Dutch former professional baseball player. He played for HCAW in the Honkbal Hoofdklasse from 2006 to 2011.
# Graphium tynderaeus

Graphium tynderaeus, the electric green swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and western Tanzania.

## Description

Hindwing tailless, with rounded margin, which is angled at the ends of the veins or merely undulate. Wings above black-brown with green spots. Hindwing beneath at the base with one or several separated black dots or spots and distinct black dots or spots in the apex of the cell and in the basal part of cellules 1 c—7. Forewing beneath not red at the base, with two submarginal spots in each cellule; the median band of the hindwing consists of a green spot in the cell and in 1 c, as well as a whitish spot in cellule 7; all the spots of the upper surface and also the discal spots of the under surface are vivid green, only becoming yellowish through discoloration (ab. ochrea Capr.); the palpi and the dots on frons and breast are red; the wings beneath with more or less purple sheen. — West African primeval forest region, from Sierra Leone to the Upper Congo.

## Biology

Its habitat consists of primary lowland forests.
Males may mud-puddle but are extremely wary if approached.

## Taxonomy

It is a member of the tynderaeus -clade (Graphium tynderaeus, Graphium philonoe, Graphium latreillianus).

## Images

External images from Royal Museum of Central Africa.
# Athanasios Eftaxias

Athanasios Eftaxias (Greek: Αθανάσιος Ευταξίας; c. 1849 – 5 February 1931) was a Greek politician. He was born in Amfikleia, Phthiotis, and was briefly Prime Minister of Greece from July to August 1926. He died in Athens.
# Blue Origin NS-16

Blue Origin NS-16 was a sub-orbital spaceflight mission operated by Blue Origin which flew on 20 July 2021. The mission was the sixteenth flight of the company's New Shepard integrated launch vehicle and spacecraft, and its first crewed flight. It carried into space American billionaire and Blue Origin founder Jeff Bezos, his brother Mark, pilot and Mercury 13 member Wally Funk, and Dutch student Oliver Daemen. The flight commenced from Blue Origin's Corn Ranch sub-orbital launch site in West Texas aboard the third flight of New Shepard booster NS4 and the spacecraft RSS First Step, both having previously flown on NS-14 and NS-15 earlier in the year.
Blue Origin NS-16 was the first human spaceflight from the U.S. state of Texas. Daemen, aged 18, and Funk, aged 82, became the youngest and oldest people to travel to space, respectively, until William Shatner took the record of oldest in space at age 90 on NS-18. The flight was approximately 10 minutes, and crossed the Kármán line. The mission became the first fully automated flight with civilian passengers, as well as the first multi-person, internationally recognized sub-orbital spaceflight.

## Crew

Four crewmembers flew on Blue Origin NS-16. Originally, the anonymous winner (later revealed as Justin Sun) of a US$28 million auction held by Blue Origin in support of its Club for the Future program was to be the fourth crewmember on RSS First Step. However, the anonymous winner had unspecified scheduling conflicts and was re-manifested for a future New Shepard flight; Oliver Daemen took the vacated position. Oliver's father Joes Daemen, the CEO of private equity firm Somerset Capital Partners, paid for the fourth seat; Joes had come second in the auction for the seat, so after the auction winner (Justin Sun) did not take the seat, it was passed onto Joes, who paid for the seat and gave it to Oliver.
Prime crew :
| Position | Crew | Crew |
| Tourist | Jeff Bezos First spaceflight | Jeff Bezos First spaceflight |
| Tourist | Mark Bezos First spaceflight | Mark Bezos First spaceflight |
| Tourist | Wally Funk First spaceflight | Wally Funk First spaceflight |
| Tourist | Oliver Daemen First spaceflight | Oliver Daemen First spaceflight |
# Wądroże

Wądroże is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rudna, within Lubin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Lubin, and 65 km (40 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.
# Leon Lobjoit

Leon Alan Lobjoit (born 4 January 1995) is an English footballer who plays for Daventry Town, as a striker.

## Career

Born in Hatfield, Lobjoit played youth football with Milton Keynes Dons and Coventry City, and non-league football with Hemel Hempstead Town, New Bradwell St Peter, Leighton Town, Arlesey Town and Buckingham Town. In March 2017 it was announced that he would sign a two-year professional contract with Northampton Town, effective from 1 July 2017. In September 2017 he joined local Evo-Stik Northern Premier League Division One South side Corby Town for a month to gain more first team experience. In October 2017 Lobjoit Joined Nuneaton Town on a one-month loan to gain experience at a higher level. On 2 February 2018 Leon moved to Banbury United on loan. He was released by Northampton at the end of the 2017–18 season, following their relegation. He then played for Brackley Town, AFC Rushden & Diamonds, Oxford City, MK Gallacticos, Bedford Town, Hemel Hempstead Town, Newport Pagnell Town and St Neots Town, before singing for Leighton Town. In the 2022–23 season he scored 60 goals, including several whilst suffering from an eye injury. He moved to Daventry Town in June 2023.
# Siege of Vinnytsia

The Battle of Vinnytsia or Siege of Vinnytsia was an armed clash that took place on 11–20 March 1651, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising.
The number of Cossack troops is somewhat controversial, as some sources give the number as 3,000 soldiers, however, according to Polish historian Sławomir Leśniewski, it was much more than the Crown Army itself, over 20,000 soldiers.

## Prelude

In February, the Crown troops led by Marcin Kalinowski began to concentrate in the vicinity of Bar, and then, under the influence of news of peasant uprisings, they moved towards Bracław. At the end of the month, the first major clash took place with the participation of regular units from both sides. Neczay's Cossacks captured Krasne, the Poles retook it, and Danylo Nechay lost his life in battle. Kalinowski quickly captured Jampol.

## Battle

On the morning of 11 March 1651, Polish troops led by Marcin Kalinowski and Liantskoroński clashed with Cossacks commanded by Ivan Bohun near Vinnytsia. Bohun employed trickery, taking advantage of ambushes and difficult terrain, which led to heavy losses on the Polish side, including the loss of commanders and banners. The siege of Vinnitsa lasted until 20 March, during which the Cossacks successfully repulsed the attacks, using both fortifications and brilliant tactics. Attempts at negotiation failed, as the Cossacks refused to surrender Bohun and their weapons, and on hearing of incoming aid decided to continue defending. In the end, the Polish army, weakened and lacking in morale, retreated, avoiding total defeat by crossing the Southern Bug.

## Aftermath

The defeat of Kalinowski's troops near Vinnytsia against the forces of Ivan Bohun ended the campaign and forced the hetman to withdraw under the wing of the organizing royal army in Volhynia.
# Kyle Schepel

Kyle James Schepel (born August 7, 1990) is an American former professional baseball pitcher.

## Amateur career

Schepel was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He attended Grand Rapids Christian High School and then Grand Valley State University. During his freshman campaign at GVSU, he went 5–1 with a 2.15 ERA in 11 games. In his sophomore year, he was 6–2 with a 5.81 ERA in 15 games. In his junior season, he was 11–0 with a 2.57 ERA in 14 starts. In his senior season, he was 9–4 with a 2.75 ERA in 14 starts, striking out 94 batters in 78.2 innings. He went 31–7 overall and won the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Conference 'Pitcher of the Year Award' in 2011. He is also the university's career leader in victories, games started, strikeouts and innings pitched. He was a pre-season All-American in 2012.

## Professional career
### Rockford RiverHawks

Schepel began his professional career in 2012 in the independent leagues, going 4–7 with a 3.68 ERA for the Rockford RiverHawks of the Frontier League.

### Arizona Diamondbacks

On September 23, 2012, the Arizona Diamondbacks signed Schepel to a minor league contract. He was used as both a starting pitcher and relief pitcher during his two seasons in the Diamondbacks chain. He was 7–8 with a 5.40 ERA in 31 games for the Low–A Hillsboro Hops, Single–A South Bend Silver Hawks and High–A Visalia Rawhide in 2013. On April 23, he threw a seven-inning no-hitter against the Lansing Lugnuts for his first professional win and on August 31, he tossed a nine-inning no-hitter against the Boise Hawks. He had also flirted with a no-hitter in 2012. He was 4–4 with a 3.84 ERA in 52 relief appearances for the Silver Hawks and Rawhide in 2014. On March 30, 2015, Schepel was released by the Diamondbacks organization.

### Seattle Mariners

Shortly after his Arizona release, Schepel signed on with the independent Frontier Greys. After a handful of games there, he signed a minor league contract with the Seattle Mariners on June 3. He pitched for the Single–A Clinton LumberKings, High–A Bakersfield Blaze and Triple–A Tacoma Rainiers that year. He was 1–3 with a 2.93 ERA in 29 games that year. In 2016, he completed his best season to date, tallying a 4–3 record with a 2.09 ERA in 43 appearances, with 75 strikeouts and a .164 batting average against in 43 total appearances between Bakersfield and the Double-A Jackson Generals. On November 7, 2016, Schepel elected free agency.

### Washington Nationals

On December 9, 2016, Schepel signed a minor league contract with the Washington Nationals. He spent the 2017 season with the High–A Potomac Nationals and Double–A Harrisburg Senators. In 34 total appearances between the two affiliates, Schepel posted a 3.76 ERA with 65 strikeouts across 55.0 innings of work. He elected free agency following the season on November 7, 2017.

### Sioux Falls Canaries

On February 28, 2018, Schepel signed with the Sioux Falls Canaries of the American Association of Professional Baseball. In 50 relief outings for the Canaries, he recorded a 3.28 ERA with 75 strikeouts and 14 saves in 57+2⁄3 innings of work. Schepel became a free agent following the season.
# Elamipretide

Elamipretide (also known as SS-31, MTP-131 and Bendavia) is a small mitochondrially-targeted tetrapeptide (D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH$_2$) that appears to reduce the production of toxic reactive oxygen species and stabilize cardiolipin.
Stealth Peptides, a privately held company, was founded in 2006 to develop intellectual property licensed from several universities including elamipretide; it subsequently changed its name to Stealth BioTherapeutics.
As of November 2017 Stealth had obtained an orphan designation in the US for use in mitochondrial myopathy and had started a Phase III trial in that indication. As of January 2020, trial expectations were not met.
# Abernathy Field

Abernathy Field (ICAO: KGZS, FAA LID: GZS) is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of Pulaski, a city in Giles County, Tennessee, United States. It is owned by the City of Pulaski and Giles County. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, it is categorized as a general aviation facility.
Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this facility is assigned GZS by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.

## Facilities and aircraft

Abernathy Field covers an area of 308 acres (125 ha) at an elevation of 685 feet (209 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 16/34 with an asphalt surface measuring 5,001 by 75 feet (1,524 x 23 m).
For the 12-month period ending June 3, 2009, the airport had 8,200 aircraft operations, an average of 22 per day: 98% general aviation, 1% air taxi, and 1% military. At that time there were 11 aircraft based at this airport: 9 single-engine, 1 multi-engine, and 1 jet.
# Nina Hrušková-Bělská

Nina Hrušková-Bělská (5 May 1925 – 30 November 2015) was a Czech chess player who held the FIDE title of Woman International Master (WIM, 1950). She was a five-time winner of the Czechoslovak Women's Chess Championship (1946, 1948, 1952, 1953, 1956).

## Biography

From the end of the 1940s to the end of the 1950s, Hrušková-Bělská was one of the leading Czechoslovakian women's chess players. She twice won Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia women's chess championships (1943, 1944). She won the Czechoslovak women's chess championships five times: 1946, 1948, 1952, 1953 and 1956. In 1950, Hrušková-Bělská participated at Women's World Chess Championship in Moscow where shared 12th-14th place. In 1952, she participated at Women's World Chess Championship Candidates Tournament in Moscow where ranked 13th place.
Hrušková-Bělská played for Czechoslovakia in the Women's Chess Olympiad:
* In 1957, at first board in the 1st Chess Olympiad (women) in Emmen (+5, =1, -5).
In 1950, she was awarded the FIDE Woman International Master (WIM) title. In 1956, she was awarded FIDE International Arbiter (IA) title. Hrušková-Bělská was the chief arbiter for the Women's World Chess Championships in 1962, 1965, 1969, and for the Women's World Chess Championship Candidates Tournament in 1955.
# Vitaliy Kalynychenko

Vitaliy Kalynychenko (Ukrainian: Віталій Калиниченко, January 31, 1938 - April 27, 2017) was a member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group.
Kalynychenko's first transgression of Soviet law was his nonagreement to work for the KGB. He was approached in 1964 to act as an informant, but his unwillingness to do so caused him to be arrested by a fellow student in 1965. He was released without charge, and worked in Leningrad as an electrical engineer.

## Arrest and Sentencing

On July 20, 1966, Kalynychenko was caught trying to flee to Finland. He was taken to Moscow, where, according to standard Soviet procedure, his mental state was examined. He was ruled sane by the Serbsky Institute of General and Forensic Psychiatry in Moscow, and stood trial.
On January 12, 1967, Kalynychenko was charged with "attempting to betray his homeland", and was sentenced to 10 years in a harsh regime labour camp.
Kalynychenko protested to his sentence on the grounds that he had not been sentenced for trying to cross a border illegally, but rather that he was a political prisoner. In 1974, he sent an open letter in that effect to the presidium of the USSR (with a copy going to the United Nations).

## Ukrainian Helsinki Group

Kalynychenko joined the Ukrainian Helsinki Group on October 3, 1977.
Between October 17 and 27, 1977, Kalynychenko went on a hunger strike, demanding to be allowed to emigrate from the USSR.
On October 23, 1977, Kalynychenko sent a letter to the Supreme Soviet denouncing Soviet citizenship, military ticket, and university degree.
On April 7, 1978, Kalynychenko was arrested for Hooliganism. At the time, "hooliganism" was an umbrella term used by authorities to chastise non-membership in the communist party.
Kalynychenko could not find work, and appealed to the authorities for assistance.

## Second Arrest

On November 29, 1979, Kalynychenko was arrested a second time, and charged with distributing information of the Moscow Helsinki Group, the Ukrainian Helsinki Group, as well as Anti Soviet Agitation and Propaganda (for his denouncement of Soviet Citizenship).
On May 16, 1980, the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Court ruled that Kalynychenko was a repeat offender and he was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment and 5 years exile.

## Pardon during Glasnost

On April 7, 1988, Kalynychenko was pardoned by the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR. He was released on April 18, 1988.

## Emigration to the US

In 1989, Kalynychenko and his wife Yaryna emigrated to the United States. He lived in Washington, D.C., until his death on April 27, 2017, at a senior care facility in Silver Spring, Maryland.
# Leland High School (Leland, Mississippi)

Leland Senior High School (LHS) is a public high school in Leland, Mississippi, United States. It educates approximately 336 students in grades nine through twelve. It is a part of the Leland School District. Leland Elementary and Leland School Park feed students into Leland High School.
The school in 1982 graduated its first racially integrated school population from K–12, having implemented desegregation in 1970. Leland had a biracial group of parents and school administrators who had encouraged White families to remain in the public school system. By 1992 Leland High School was again majority black. By 1992, many children of White people who had graduated from the integrated Leland school system attended private schools in the Delta. By that time, the black community did not object to the de facto segregation that occurred.
Graduates of Leland High School include former National Football League player Johnie Cooks and jurist Pamela Pepper (1982).