OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Organon model

The organon model is a model of communication by German psychologist and linguist Karl Ludwig Bühler (1879 – 1963). It was published in German in 1934. and not translated into English until 1990. In it he defined the functions of communication according to which linguistic communication can be described. Bühler's work influenced the communication model of Roman Jakobson.
Buhler's model also apparently influenced Lev Vygotsky who, in discussing memory and goal-directed learning, wrote: "According to K. Buhler, speech thinks for us."$^{:449,453}$
Bühler identified the following three communicative functions:
* the expressive function (Ausdrucksfunktion)
* the representation function (Darstellungsfunktion)
* the conative function (Appellfunktion, i.e. appealing function).

## Background

Karl Bühler used the Cratylus of Plato as the basis for his remarks. Here, Socrates refers to the word as an Ancient Greek: ὄργανον, romanized: órganon, lit. 'instrument, tool, organ', and thus to language as a whole as a tool, with which a person can communicate something to others about things. Bühler described this relationship as a 'three-foundations scheme': oneself - to the other - about things (einer - dem anderen - über die Dinge).$^{:24}$
Bühler's organon model criticized the material thinking of behaviorism, which according to him had renewed the "flatus-vocis nominalism of the incipient Middle Ages in modern form."$^{:27}$

## As a semiotic model

Hartmut Stöckl described the Organon model as a semiotic model, comparing it to Aristotle's triad of pathos, logos, and ethos. He wrote:
   [Bühler’s] model acknowledges “the essential rhetorical fact that any sign use must in effect express the ethos of the rhetor, represent their rational take on the world (logos) and appeal to the emotional mindset of an envisaged audience (pathos).”
The model has been compared to Kress's semiotic model.
# Aykut Ramadan

Aykut Sunay Ramadan (Bulgarian: Айкут Сунай Рамадан; born 10 July 1998) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a forward for Slavia Sofia.

## Career

Ramadan joined CSKA Sofia academy in 2006. In 2015 he moved to Litex Lovech, just to return in CSKA in January 2016.
In December 2018 he was announced as the new player of CSKA 1948. In July 2020, despite being announced as Minyor Pernik new arrival, he later signed with Sportist Svoge.
On 27 May 2021 he signed a contract with Septemvri Sofia. Ramadan had a crucial role in the team that won promotion to First League in 2022.
# Shaun Cunnington

Shaun Cunnington (born 4 January 1966) is an English former professional footballer and former manager of Evesham United.

## Career

Having started playing with Bourne Town, most of his playing career was spent in the second tier of English football with Wrexham, Grimsby Town, Sunderland and West Bromwich Albion.
He started his career as a trainee with Wrexham before moving to Grimsby Town in 1988 for a fee of £65,000. He then moved to Sunderland in 1992 for a fee of £650,000. He spent three years with West Bromwich Albion before moving on to Notts County.
In 1998, he joined part-timers Kidderminster Harriers. After a spate of injuries, he eventually retired to become a coach, and in 2003 became Harriers' Youth Team coach.
In October 2004 he became caretaker manager of Kidderminster Harriers Football Club, after Jan Molby resigned following a poor run of form. Under Cunnington Harriers lost all seven games played under his stewardship. He returned to be Youth Team coach when Stuart Watkiss became Harriers' new manager, but left the club in July 2005 to spend more time running his Italian restaurant in Droitwich Spa, where he lives.
In May 2008 he became manager of Willenhall Town, replacing Dean Edwards.
He was manager of Halesowen Town replacing Tony Thorpe in January 2011, bringing long-time friend Paul Tomlinson to the club as Assistant Manager. In September 2012, Cunnington resigned from his post as manager at the club.
On 17 May 2013 Cunnington was confirmed as the new manager of Evesham United
# Ali Brigginshaw

Ali Brigginshaw (born 1 December 1989) is an Australian rugby league footballer who plays for the Brisbane Broncos in the NRL Women's Premiership and Valleys Diehards in the QRL Women's Premiership.
Primarily a halfback, she is the captain of the Broncos, Australia and Queensland.

## Background

Born in Ipswich, Queensland, Brigginshaw played her junior rugby league for the North Ipswich Tigers but was forced to give up the sport when she was twelve because there was no competition for older girls. Brigginshaw's father Larry was a halfback in the Brisbane Rugby League, captaining Eastern Suburbs to a premiership win in 1983.

## Playing career

In 2009, Brigginshaw returned to rugby league, playing for the Souths Logan Magpies. That year, she made her representative debuts for Australia and Queensland.
In 2013, Brigginshaw was a member of Australia's 2013 Women's Rugby League World Cup-winning squad, starting at five-eighth in the final against New Zealand.
In 2015, Brigginshaw broke her right fibula in three places. During her recovery she took up Muay Thai and boxing, becoming a national champion and the Australian Golden Gloves Novice A champion in the 69 kg category. In 2016, she returned from injury and played in Queensland 4–8 loss to New South Wales.
On 2 December 2017, she started at five-eighth and was named Player of the Match in Australia's 23–16 Women's World Cup final win over New Zealand.

### 2018

In May, she represented South East Queensland at the first ever Women's National Championships. In June, Brigginshaw, along with Brittany Breayley, Heather Ballinger, Teuila Fotu-Moala and Caitlyn Moran, were named as the five marquee players for the Brisbane Broncos NRL Women's Premiership team. In August, she was named captain of the side.
On 30 September, she captained the Broncos' in their 34–12 Grand Final win over the Sydney Roosters.

### 2019

In May, she once again represented South East Queensland at the Women's National Championships.
On 6 October, she captained the Broncos to their second NRL Women's Premiership after they defeated the St George Illawarra Dragons 30–6 in the Grand Final.

### 2020

In 2020, Brigginshaw joined Ipswich Brothers for the inaugural season of the QRL Women's Premiership.
On 19 October, she won the Dally M Medal for female Player of the Year. On 25 October, she started at lock in the Broncos' 20–10 NRLW Grand Final win over the Roosters.

### 2021

In 2021, Brigginshaw joined Valleys Diehards in the QRL Women's Premiership.

## Achievements and accolades
### Individual

* Dally M Medal: 2020
* Brisbane Broncos Player of the Year: 2019
* Brisbane Broncos Best Back: 2019

### Team

* 2013 Women's Rugby League World Cup: Australia – Winners
* 2017 Women's Rugby League World Cup: Australia – Winners
* 2018 NRLW Grand Final: Brisbane Broncos – Winners
* 2019 NRLW Grand Final: Brisbane Broncos – Winners
* 2020 NRLW Grand Final: Brisbane Broncos – Winners

## Personal life

Brigginshaw proposed to her partner Kate Daly in December 2019 and the couple married a year later, on 30 December 2020.
# Coliseo Rubén Rodríguez

Coliseo Rubén Rodríguez (English: Ruben Rodríguez Coliseum) is an indoor sporting arena in Puerto Rico. The coliseum was dedicated to Rubén Rodríguez (former player of the Vaqueros de Bayamón). It is located in Bayamón, Puerto Rico. It can accommodate up to 12,000 spectators and can be reached by the Tren Urbano system from the Deportivo station.

## Event uses and history

This coliseum had been used for events like:
* Arcadia Battle Royale 2024
* El pequeño Gran Club 2016 Kids Event
* Doki Live 2014 Kids Event
* Dora The Explorer 2013 Kids Event
* Sesame Street Live 2011 Kids Event
* Atencion Atencion Concert 2009 Kids Event
* Disney on Ice 2007 Kids Event
* Sesame Street Live 2003 to 2007 Kids Event
* The Miss Universe 2001 pageant
* Basketball games (Hosting the Bayamón Cowboys professional team)
* Boxing
* Professional wrestling
* Volleyball
* Kickboxing
* Varied shows
* Other sports
In 2021, the Rubén Rodríguez Coliseum received a $1.1 million allocation of funds for renovations.
# Alor Setar Tower

Alor Setar Tower (Malay: Menara Alor Setar), also known as Kedah Tower, is a four-story, 165.5-metre-long (543 ft)-tall telecommunication tower in Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia. It is once third tallest tower in Malaysia, the tallest structure in the state and the tallest structure in the city.
Apart from serving the role of a telecommunication tower, it also caters as a tourist destination for the town. The tower also houses some restaurants and a souvenir shop. The tower is an observatory tower to look for the crescent moon to mark the beginning of Muslim months such as Ramadhan, Shawwal, and Zulhijjah, to celebrate Ramadhan, Hari Raya Aidilfitri and Hari Raya Aidiladha, respectively.
The observation deck is at a height of 88 m (289 ft) from the base of the structure. Also, the open deck or skydeck is at a height of 105 m (344 ft) and the antenna tower is with the height of 50.5 m (166 ft).

## History

Before Alor Setar Tower was built, the tallest structure in Kedah was Holiday Villa Alor Setar, which is 114.7 m (376 ft). Located at the Alor Setar City Centre, it was built in 1994. It is also the second structure in Northern Region of Peninsular Malaysia to surpass 100 m (330 ft) after Penang's Komtar. Alor Setar Tower was started in 1994, topped-out in 1995, it surpassed the previous Holiday Villa Alor Setar, became the third to surpass 100 m (330 ft). The tower was completed in 1996. It opened on 14 August 1997 by Mahathir Mohamad, who was the prime minister at the time.
Following the completion of the Alor Setar Tower, many high-rise and low-rise buildings started taking shape, including Amansuri Residences, Aman Central, SADA Tower, G Residence Alor Setar, VIVRE Residence, AS100, and AMEX Alor Mengkudu.

## Gallery

* Alor Setar Tower seen from the air.
* Alor Setar Tower seen from its base.
* Alor Setar Tower seen at night.
* Alor Setar Tower seen from Sky Garden.

## Channels listed by frequency
### Radio

* Fly FM 99.1 MHz
* Kool 101 107.3 MHz

## Description

With a total height of 165.5 metres (543 ft), it is the third tallest telecommunication tower in Malaysia (behind the Kuala Lumpur Tower, 421 m (1,381 ft) and the newly opened Kuantan 188, 188 m (617 ft), managed by Menara Kuala Lumpur Sdn. Bhd, a subsidiary of Telekom Malaysia Berhad (TM), and it was surpassed by Kuantan 188 as the second tallest tower in 2020.
The design of Alor Setar Tower is inspired from the Kedah’s state nickname ‘Jelapang Padi' which refers to the geographical landscape of the state that is dominated by rows of paddy field with the structure of the tower represents 'Serumpun Padi' or the tied rice clusters, while the large pillar supporting the tower structure implies the 'Tiang Seri', symbolizes the strength of the people of Kedah Darul Aman.

## Design

The design of the tower is from Tiang Seri.
# Joey Wiemer

Joseph Daryl Wiemer (/ˈwiːmər/ WEE-mer; born February 11, 1999) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the Kansas City Royals of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Milwaukee Brewers and Cincinnati Reds.
Wiemer was drafted by the Brewers in the fourth round of the 2020 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut with the Brewers in 2023. He was traded to the Reds during the 2024 season and to the Royals after the 2024 season.

## Career

Wiemer attended Bedford Senior High School in Temperance, Michigan. He enrolled at the University of Cincinnati and played college baseball for the Cincinnati Bearcats. In 2019, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Harwich Mariners of the Cape Cod Baseball League and was named a league all-star.

### Milwaukee Brewers

The Milwaukee Brewers selected Wiemer in the fourth round of the 2020 Major League Baseball draft. He did not appears for the organization in 2020 due to the cancellation of the minor league season because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Wiemer made his professional debut in 2021 with the Single–A Carolina Mudcats before being promoted to the High–A Wisconsin Timber Rattlers. Over 109 games between the two teams, he slashed .295/.403/.556 with 27 home runs, 77 runs batted in, and 30 stolen bases. In 2022, Wiemer played in 127 games split between the Double–A Biloxi Shuckers and Triple–A Nashville Sounds. In 484 at-bats, he hit .256/.336/.465 with 21 home runs, 77 runs batted in, and 31 stolen bases.
After initially missing out on the Opening Day roster, on March 30, 2023, the Brewers announced that Wiemer was promoted to the major leagues. On April 1, Wiemer hit a double in his major league debut against the Chicago Cubs at Wrigley Field on the first pitch he saw. On April 5, Wiemer hit his first major league home run in a win over the New York Mets at American Family Field. On May 13, Wiemer delivered a walk-off sacrifice fly in a win over the Kansas City Royals. On June 6, he recorded his first career walkoff hit, a single against the Baltimore Orioles. In 132 games during his rookie campaign, Wiemer batted .204/.283/.362 with 13 home runs, 42 RBI, and 11 stolen bases.
Wiemer was optioned to Triple–A Nashville to begin the 2024 season. In 19 games for Milwaukee, Wiemer slashed .154/.185/.154 with one stolen base and one walk.

### Cincinnati Reds

On July 30, 2024, the Brewers traded Wiemer, Jakob Junis, and cash considerations to the Cincinnati Reds in exchange for Frankie Montas. He made two appearances for the Reds, walking in his only plate appearance.

### Kansas City Royals

On November 22, 2024, the Reds traded Wiemer and Jonathan India to the Kansas City Royals in exchange for Brady Singer.
# John Mallee

John Daniel Mallee (pronounced "MAY lee"; born May 5, 1969) is an American professional baseball coach and former player. He is the current assistant hitting coach for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball (MLB). As an MiLB player, Mallee was a shortstop and second baseman. He has previously been the hitting coach of the Florida Marlins, Houston Astros, Chicago Cubs, and Philadelphia Phillies.

## Early life

Mallee was born in Chicago, Illinois. He attended Chicago State University and the University of Illinois at Chicago, where he majored in kinesiology.

## Baseball career
### Playing career

Mallee was drafted by the Philadelphia Phillies in the 10th round of the 1991 amateur draft, out of University of Illinois at Chicago. He played in minor league baseball from 1991 to 1992 in the Philadelphia Phillies minor league system, for Rookie League Martinsville (1991) and Single-A Spartanburg (1992). Mallee hit .208/.313/.257 with 8 stolen bases and 28 RBI in 115 career minor league games, playing 95 games at shortstop and 20 games at second base.

### Coaching career

He began his coaching career with Milwaukee as the hitting coach for Beloit (A, 1996-97; 99), Stockton (A, 1998), and Huntsville (AA, 2000). He was then the minor league hitting coach for the Montreal Expos at Ottawa (AAA, 2001).
He then served as the Florida Marlins minor league hitting coordinator for nine seasons, from 2002 to 2010, and their major league hitting coach from 2010 to 2011.
On October 19, 2012, the Astros announced that Mallee would be their hitting coach for 2012, working under Bo Porter. He was their major league hitting coach from 2013 to 2014.
On October 9, 2014, he was named by the Chicago Cubs as their major league hitting coach, succeeding Bill Mueller. On October 26, 2017, the Cubs announced that Mallee had been released from his contract and Chili Davis was named as his replacement.
On November 10, 2017, he was hired as the hitting coach of the Philadelphia Phillies under manager Gabe Kapler. On August 13, 2019, after a slump in which the Phillies fell from first place to fourth place in the NL East, he was replaced by former Phillies manager Charlie Manuel.
He was hired by the Los Angeles Angels as their assistant hitting coach prior to the 2020 season. Following the 2022 season, the Angels stated that Mallee would not be returning to a coaching position with the team.

## Personal life

He married Candy Wiedeman in 1995, and has two sons, John III and Austin.
# Polaroid art

Polaroid art is a type of alternative photography which consists of modifying an instant picture, usually while it is being developed. The most common types of Polaroid art are the emulsion lift, the Polaroid transfer and emulsion manipulation.

## Emulsion lift

An emulsion lift, or emulsion transfer, is a process used to remove the photographic emulsion from an instant print. The emulsion can then be transferred to another material, such as glass, wood or paper. The emulsion lift technique can be performed on peel-apart film and Polaroid Originals integral film, but not on Fujifilm Instax film. The procedure, for integral type film, involves cutting off the picture's border, separating the negative layer from the positive layer and submerging the positive layer in warm water. The emulsion will start to come free from the plastic layer and float on the water. While it is still wet, it can be placed on another material and shaped. It can be laid flat, or it can be folded, ripped or otherwise customized as desired.
When done with Fujifilm FP-100C, the picture is placed in water near the boiling point and then submerged in cold water. This will release the emulsion, which resembles cellophane and is harder to manipulate than Polaroid emulsions.

## Polaroid transfer

A Polaroid transfer, sometimes known as an image transfer, is a technique used to develop a peel-apart film picture on to a different material, like drawing paper. In a Polaroid transfer, the image is peeled apart prematurely and the negative is placed down on a desired material. A roller is sometimes used to ensure the negative is laying down flat on the material. After a certain amount of time, the negative is peeled back.

## Emulsion manipulation

Emulsion manipulation is used to modify integral film pictures while they are developing. The technique yields the best results with the original SX-70 Time Zero film, which was discontinued in 2005, and the currently manufactured Polaroid Originals film is less manipulable. As the picture develops, modifications can performed by applying pressure on the surface of the film, using tools that do not scratch the outer plastic layer. Alternatively a pattern can be superimposed on the image by laying the film face-down on a textured surface and applying pressure. As development finishes the emulsion hardens, but to continue the manipulation it can be softened by warming it up. The technique was used to make the cover of Peter Gabriel's third self-titled album.
# Bristol bus station

Bristol Bus and Coach Station serves the city of Bristol in the west of England. It is situated on Marlborough Street, near the Broadmead shopping area. The original bus station and onsite depot were opened in 1958 by the Bristol Omnibus Company. It was later redeveloped with the current bus station opening in 2006.
Before 1958 Bristol had no bus station; most country and long-distance coach services departed from Prince Street, and others used street stops in the Centre, Canon's Road and Old Market.
The station is managed by First West of England. There are 19 bays, Bays 1 to 7 are for National Express long-distance coach services, bays 8 & 9 are reserved for the A1 Airport Flyer service to Bristol Airport via Bristol Temple Meads. Bays 10 to 19 are for local bus services to locations outside of Bristol.
Bristol Bus and Coach Station has many facilities including a First Bus Travelhub which offers information and ticket sales for First Bus services, a National Express Ticket Sales and Information Desk, National Express ticket machines, The Coffee Room cafe, 24-hour security and public toilets including an accessible toilet.
# CeDell Davis

Ellis CeDell Davis (June 9, 1926 – September 27, 2017) was an American blues guitarist and singer. He was most notable for his distinctive style of guitar playing. Davis played guitar using a butter knife in his fretting hand in a manner similar to slide guitar, resulting in what The New York Times critic Robert Palmer called "a welter of metal-stress harmonic transients and a singular tonal plasticity".

## Biography

Davis was born in Helena, Arkansas, United States, where his family worked on a local plantation. He enjoyed music from a young age, playing harmonica and guitar with his childhood friends.
When he was 10, he suffered from severe polio which gave him little control over his left hand and restricted use of his right. He had been playing guitar prior to his polio and decided to continue despite his handicap, which led to his development of the butter knife method.
Once he sufficiently mastered his variation on slide guitar playing, Davis began playing in various nightclubs across the Mississippi Delta area. He played with Robert Nighthawk for a ten-year period from 1953 to 1963. While playing in a club in 1957, a police raid caused the crowd to stampede over Davis. Both of his legs were broken in this incident and he was forced to use a wheelchair from that time onwards. The hardships resulting from his physical handicaps were a major influence on his lyrics and style of blues playing.
Davis moved to Pine Bluff, Arkansas in the early 1960s and continued his artistic work. In recent times, Davis' music has been released by the Fat Possum Records label to much critical acclaim. His 1994 album, produced by Robert Palmer, Feel Like Doin' Something Wrong, received a 9.0 from Pitchfork Media, which called it "timeless."
The Best Of CeDell Davis (1995) was also released, with help from Col. Bruce Hampton and The Aquarium Rescue Unit. The Horror of It All followed in 1998. His album When Lightnin' Struck the Pine, released in 2002, included work by musicians Peter Buck, Barrett Martin, Scott McCaughey, and Alex Veley.
Davis died on September 27, 2017, from complications of a heart attack in Hot Springs, Arkansas, at the age of 91.
The Tedeschi Trucks Band album, Signs, was dedicated to Davis as a nod to Col. Bruce Hampton and his love of the man's music.

## Discography

* The Introduction To Living Country Blues USA - 1981 (1 track of the 12)
* Living Country Blues USA Vol. 5 - 1982 (4 tracks of the 12 tracks)
* Living Country Blues USA Vol. 10 - 1982 (1 track of the 13 tracks)
* Keep It to Yourself: Arkansas Blues, Vol. 1 - 1983 (4 tracks of the 23 tracks)
* Feel Like Doin' Something Wrong - 1994
* The Best of CeDell Davis – 1995
* The Horror Of It All – 1998
* When Lightnin' Struck the Pine - 2002
* Highway 61 - 2003
* Last Man Standing - 2015
* Even The Devil Gets The Blues - 2016

## Filmography

* Blues Back Home (1984)
# Four Fronts

Four Fronts (Cuatro Frentes in Spanish) is a board game created by the Uruguayan professor Gabriel Baldi Lemonnier.

## History

It was created in 2012 by Lemonnier, who invented and patented it as «Ajedrez Uruguayo» (Uruguayan Chess).
It is a variant of chess, for two, three or four opponents who play in pairs or individually, although when playing in pairs, partners cannot speak. It involves moving the pieces through the checkered gameboard of black or white, with the intention of capturing. To the standard board of eight by eight frames, four sections were added to the respective formations.
The pieces are 12 per player: the king, the queen, the bishop, the knight, rook and the pawn, incorporating as a novelty the prince, a piece that moves similarly to a queen. The pieces are colored white, black, yellow and red.