# League1 Ontario

League1 Ontario (L1ON) is a semi-professional men's soccer league in Ontario, Canada. The league is sanctioned by the Canadian Soccer Association and the Ontario Soccer Association.
League1 Ontario consists of three tiers – League1 Premier, League1 Championship, and League2 Ontario – with promotion and relegation between them. The top-two tiers consist of 12 teams each, while the lowest tier is uncapped in size.
In the Canadian soccer league system, the men's division is behind the fully-professional Canadian Premier League. It is part of League1 Canada, the national third tier with regional division, along with three other provincial leagues. The league champion qualifies for the Canadian Championship, Canada's domestic cup tournament. Dino Rossi serves as the commissioner of the league.

## History
### Origins

League1 Ontario was founded on November 15, 2013, in an announcement by the Ontario Soccer Association (OSA) that it would pilot the semi-professional league in 2014 and 2015 as a key pillar of long-term player development in Canada. The league would be administered by DG Sports, who also operate the province's amateur Ontario Soccer League, with Dino Rossi serving as commissioner. OSA President Ron Smale stated that the league's core group of players are to consist of U-23s, with League1 complementing the newly formed Ontario Player Development League (OPDL) elite youth league as a pathway for professional player development.
On April 8, 2014, the OSA revealed its plans for the inaugural season of League1 which would begin during the final weekend in May 2014. The season featured 10 teams, chosen through a standards-based application process, which were: ANB Futbol, Durham Power FC, Internacional de Toronto, Kingston Cataraqui Clippers, Master's FA, Sigma FC, Toronto FC Academy, Vaughan Azzurri, Windsor Stars and Woodbridge Strikers. The league champion would face the champion of the Première ligue de soccer du Québec in the Inter-Provincial Cup to determine the national Division III champion.
Dylan Sacramento of Toronto FC Academy scored the first ever goal in the league with a 10th-minute strike against Vaughan Azzurri. In the same game, Mateo Restrepo received the league's first red card. On July 22, 2014, the league and the Ontario Soccer Association announced the termination of Internacional de Toronto's license agreement due to "failure to comply with agreed-upon league standards", with league matches rescheduled for the season to accommodate the change. Toronto FC Academy were crowned the inaugural league champions on October 4, 2014, after defeating the Cataraqui Clippers 3–1 to secure the top place in the regular season standings. Vaughan Azzurri and Sigma FC contested the inaugural League1 Cup on October 19, 2014, at BMO Field, with the Azzurri winning the single-game cup final 2–1 to be crowned champions.
As the number of teams in the league continued to grow through expansion, the league introduced a two-conference format with the winner of each conference facing off in a championship match. After the 2016 season, the Inter-Provincial Cup was cancelled, with the winners of League1 Ontario and the PLSQ instead advancing to the national Canadian Championship the following season, beginning in 2018.
In 2018, the league returned to a single division, introducing playoffs for the top finishers of the league to decide the league champion. The League Cup tournament was eliminated the following season.
On November 14, 2018, the Canadian Premier League announced its purchase of League1 Ontario. According to L1O commissioner Dino Rossi, L1O would serve as "CPL's official development league."
Due to restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, the league cancelled the 2020 season and delayed the start of the 2021 season. In 2022, L1O joined League1 Canada as a founding member. League1 Canada is an alliance of soccer leagues that operate at the pro-am level.

### Reorganization

In 2024, League1 Ontario restructured from a single league into a three-tier competition. Existing teams were assigned to one of the top-two tiers based on the number of points they earned in the previous two seasons. The top-tier "League1 Ontario Premier" division included the top 12 teams while the second tier "League1 Ontario Championship" division featured the remaining 10 teams (with expansion to 12 teams in the 2025 season). Along with this, a third tier known as League2 Ontario debuted in 2024 with 24 teams that included existing club B teams and new teams joining the league. League2 was created as an entry point for expansion clubs to the L1O system.
Under the reorganization, teams have the ability to move up and down between tiers through a process of promotion and relegation. The 2024 season also saw the return of the L1 Cup, a league cup knockout tournament which features teams from all three tiers of the L1O system.

## Competition format

League1 Ontario structure (2025) :
| Tier | Division |
| 1 | Premier 11 teams ↓ relegate 1 or 2 |
| 2 | Championship 12 teams ↑ promote 1 or 2 ↓ relegate 1 or 2 |
| 3 | League2 25 teams in 3 conferences ↑ promote 1 or 2 |
League1 Ontario clubs are grouped into three divisions: League1 Premier, League1 Championship, and League2 Ontario. The regular season runs from April to August in which teams only play against other teams in their division. The top-two tiers use a single table round-robin format while the lowest tier is further subdivided into regional groupings. The team that accumulates the most points during the season is crowned league champions. In 2016 and 2017, the league champion was determined by a single match playoff between the winners of the east and west divisions. From 2018 to 2023, a larger playoff format was used.
Promotion and relegation results in the Championship team that is crowned champions will automatically be promoted to the Premier, while the team at the bottom of the Premier standings will be automatically relegated to the Championship. A direct swap between the best and worst sides. The system will be the first of its kind in not just Canada but North America. A playoff will also happen between the Premier and Championship, where the team second from bottom (11th) in the Premier will face the second-placed team in the Championship in an all-or-nothing game for a place in the top tier in 2025.
Since 2017, the winner of the Premier division has qualified for the Canadian Championship. At the end of each season, the winner of the Championship and League2 divisions are promoted to the next tier up while the bottom team in the Premier and Championship divisions are relegated down.
Beginning in 2019, the Supporters Trophy was created by the Rogue Street Elite supporter group of North Mississauga SC to be given to the regular season champions.

### L1 Cup

The L1 Cup is a league cup tournament that features all L1O clubs. It runs concurrently with the regular season, with cup games usually taking place mid-week. It is not a form of playoffs and all matches are separate from the regular season and are not reflected in the season standings. The 2014 and 2015 cups included a group stage and a knockout stage but from 2016 to 2018 the format was a single-elimination tournament. Following a hiatus from 2019 to 2023, the L1 Cup returned in 2024, coinciding with the league's restructuring.

## Current clubs

As of 2024 there are 27 clubs of whom 4 are based in Toronto, 13 are based elsewhere in the Greater Toronto Area, 9 are based in other cities in Southern Ontario and there is 1 club based in Northern Ontario.

### League1 Premier

Following the last minute departure of ProStars FC, the league has only 11 teams participating in the 2025 season.

#### Club details

As of February 5, 2025
| Team | City | Stadium | Capacity | Founded | Debut | Coach |
| Current teams |||||||
| Alliance United FC | Markham and Scarborough, Ontario (Toronto) | Zanchin Automotive Soccer Centre (Vaughan) | 2200 | 2017 | 2018 | Ilya Orlov |
| Burlington SC | Burlington, Ontario | Corpus Christi CSS | | 1962 | 2022 | Darren Tilley |
| FC London | London, Ontario | Tricar Field | 900 | 2008 | 2016 | Yiannis Tsalatsidis |
| North Toronto Nitros | Toronto, Ontario | Downsview Park | 1000 | 1980 | 2016 | Marko Milanović |
| Oakville SC | Oakville, Ontario | Sheridan Trafalgar Stadium | 1000 | 1972 | 2015 | Duncan Wilde |
| Scrosoppi FC | Milton, Ontario | Saint Francis Xavier CSS | | 2020 | 2021 | John Yacou |
| Sigma FC | Mississauga, Ontario | Paramount Fine Foods Centre | 5400 | 2005 | 2014 | John Zervos |
| Simcoe County Rovers FC | Barrie, Ontario | J.C. Massie Field | 1200 | 2021 | 2022 | Zack Wilson (Interim) |
| St. Catharines Roma Wolves | St. Catharines, Ontario | Club Roma Stadium | 1500 | 1967 | 2021 | Federico Turriziani |
| Vaughan Azzurri | Vaughan, Ontario | North Maple Regional Park | 500 | 1982 | 2014 | Carmine Isacco |
| Woodbridge Strikers | Woodbridge, Ontario | Vaughan Grove Park | 1000 | 1976 | 2014 | Peter Pinizzotto |
* ↑ Thunder Bay Chill, Northern Ontario's only other club at a comparable level to L1O, plays in USL League Two.
* ↑ North Toronto Nitros was on hiatus in 2018 & 2019, and returned in 2020'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006B-QINU`"'
* ↑ Oakville SC operated as Oakville Blue Devils FC until the 2021 season and Blue Devils FC between the 2021 and 2024 season prior to their merger

### League1 Championship

The league has 12 teams participating in the 2025 season.

#### Club details

As of February 5, 2025
| Team | City | Stadium | Capacity | Founded | Debut | Coach |
| Current teams |||||||
| Guelph United | Guelph, Ontario | Alumni Stadium | 13362 | 2020 | 2021 | Keith Mason |
| Hamilton United | Hamilton, Ontario | Ron Joyce Stadium | 6000 | 2013 | 2020 | Kamran Derayeh |
| Master's FA | Scarborough, Ontario | L'Amoreaux Sports Complex | 200 | 2009 | 2014 | Giuseppe Mattace-Raso |
| North Mississauga SC | Mississauga, Ontario | Churchill Meadows (Mattamy Sports Park) | 200 | 1982 | 2016 | Peyvand Mossavat |
| Pickering FC | Pickering | Pickering Soccer Centre | | 1984 | 2014 | Eric Polo Soldevila |
| Sudbury Cyclones | Sudbury | James Jerome Sports Complex | | 2023 | 2024 | Giuseppe Politi |
| The Borough FC | Scarborough (Toronto) | Birchmount Stadium | 2000 | 2011 | 2024 | Andrew Ornoch |
| Unionville Milliken SC | Unionville, Ontario | Zanchin Automotive Soccer Centre (Vaughan) | 2000 | 1976 | 2018 | Filipe Bento |
| Waterloo United | Waterloo, Ontario | RIM Park | 1700 | 1971 | 2021 | Michael Marcoccia |
| Whitby FC | Whitby, Ontario | Telus Dome | 1000 | 1966 | 2018 | Ramin Mohammadi |
| Windsor City FC | Windsor, Ontario | St. Clair College | 2000 | 2004 | 2014 | Valter Cosenza |
| York United FC Academy | Toronto, Ontario | York Lions Stadium | 4000 | 2024 | 2025 | ? |
* ↑ The 2020 season was cancelled delaying their debut to the following year
* ↑ Pickering FC was known as Durham United FC/FA until the end of 2019
* ↑ Durham United was on hiatus in 2018 & returned in 2019'"`UNIQ--ref-00000074-QINU`"' Pickering FC went on hiatus for 2023 & returned in 2024.'"`UNIQ--ref-00000075-QINU`"'
* ↑ Between 2022 and 2024, Waterloo United was known as BVB IA Waterloo
* ↑ Whitby FC was known as Darby FC from 2018 to 2024
* ↑ Windsor City FC was known as Windsor Stars from 2014 to 2016 and known as Windsor TFC from 2017 to 2022

### League2 Ontario

The league has 24 teams participating in the 2025 season.

#### Club details

As of February 5, 2025
| Team | City | Stadium | Founded | Debut |
| Current teams |||||
| Northeast Conference |||||
| Alliance United FC B | Markham and Scarborough (Toronto) | Zanchin Automotive Soccer Centre (Vaughan) | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Master's FA B | Scarborough / North York (Toronto) | Alumni Field | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Pickering FC B | Pickering | Pickering Soccer Centre | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Simcoe County Rovers FC B | Barrie | J.C. Massie Field | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Sudbury Cyclones B | Sudbury | James Jerome Sports Complex | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| The Borough FC B | Scarborough (Toronto) | Birchmount Stadium | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Unionville Milliken SC B | Unionville (Markham) | Zanchin Automotive Soccer Centre (Vaughan) | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Vaughan Azzurri B | Vaughan, Ontario | North Maple Regional Park | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Whitby FC B | Whitby | Telus Dome | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Central Conference |||||
| Burlington SC B | Burlington | Corpus Christi CSS | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| North Mississauga SC B | Mississauga | Churchill Meadows (Mattamy Sports Park) | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| North Toronto Nitros B | North York (Toronto) | Downsview Park | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Oakville SC B | Oakville | Sheridan Trafalgar Campus | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Rush Canada SA | Oakville | River Oaks Park | 2014 | 2024 |
| Scrosoppi FC B | Milton, Ontario | Saint Francis Xavier CSS | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Sigma FC B | Mississauga | Paramount Fine Foods Centre | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Woodbridge Strikers B | Woodbridge (Vaughan) | Vaughan Grove Field | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Southwest Conference |||||
| Cambridge United | Cambridge | Fountain Street Soccer Complex | 1973 | 2025 |
| FC London B | London | Tricar Field | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Guelph United FC B | Guelph | Alumni Stadium | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Hamilton United B | Hamilton | Ron Joyce Stadium | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Railway City FC | St. Thomas | 1Password Park | 2024 | 2025 |
| St. Catharines Roma Wolves B | St. Catharines | Club Roma | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Waterloo United B | Waterloo | RIM Park | Reserve team | Reserve team |
| Windsor City FC B | Windsor | St. Clair College | Reserve team | Reserve team |

### Former clubs

Former clubs :
| Team | City | Stadium | First season | Final season |
| 1812 FC Barrie | Brampton | Terry Fox Stadium | 2021 | 2021 |
| ANB Futbol | King | The Country Day School | 2014 | 2015 |
| Aurora FC | Aurora | Stewart Burnett Park | 2016 | 2020 |
| Electric City FC | Peterborough | Fleming College Stadium | 2022 | 2023 |
| Internacional de Toronto | Toronto | Lamport Stadium | 2014 | 2014 |
| Kingston Clippers | Kingston | Tindall Field, Queen's University | 2014 | 2016 |
| Ottawa South United | Manotick (Ottawa) | Quinn's Pointe | 2017 | 2019 |
| ProStars FC | Brampton | Victoria Park Stadium | 2015 | 2024 |
| Sanjaxx Lions | Toronto | Monarch Park Stadium | 2015 | 2018 |
| Toronto FC Academy | Toronto | BMO Training Ground | 2014 | 2024 |
| Toronto Skillz FC | Toronto | Birchmount Stadium | 2016 | 2021 |
* ↑ 1812 FC Barrie was originally set to play in Barrie; however, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, they spent their only season in Brampton
* ↑ Aurora FC was known as Aurora United during the 2016 season
* ↑ Kingston Clippers was known as Cataraqui Clippers during 2014 season
* ↑ Moved to PLSQ from the 2020 season
* ↑ Toronto FC Academy played in League1 Ontario from 2014 to 2018, before returning in 2024. They were known as Toronto FC III between 2017 and 2018.

## Organization
### Regulations

League1 Ontario was founded with a series of values, objectives and standards all aimed at furthering the league's stated objective of improving player development in Ontario and Canada. Some of these regulations include:
* Standards-based club licensing, renewed annually (not a franchise/ownership model). Standards include technical, organizational, facility and financial criteria.
* Maximum of 3 non-Canadian players per club.
* Maximum of 7 substitutions per match.
* Maximum of 9 substitutes can be named to the bench.
League1 Ontario is an open-age league however there are several rules designed to give playing opportunities to young players. For the 2022 season, teams were required to have at least eight U-23 players on each match-day roster and to give U-20 players a total of at least 2,000 minutes across the regular season. In 2024, the "eight U-23 player rule" was removed and replaced by a minutes quota. U-23 players must now play at least 41% of available minutes across the season (9,000 in Premier division) and U-20 players must play 11% of available minutes (2,500 in Premier division).

## Honours

Bold indicates clubs playing in 2024 League1 Ontario season. From 2016 to 2023, the winner of the playoffs determined the league champion.
Premier division champions :
| Club | Wins | Runner-up | Winning seasons | Runner-up seasons |
| Vaughan Azzurri | 3 | 1 | 2016, 2018, 2022 | 2024 |
| Oakville SC | 2 | 2 | 2015, 2017 | 2021, 2022 |
| Scrosoppi FC | 1 | 1 | 2024 | 2023 |
| Toronto FC Academy | 1 | 0 | 2014 | – |
| Master's FA | 1 | 0 | 2019 | – |
| Guelph United | 1 | 0 | 2021 | – |
| Simcoe County Rovers | 1 | 0 | 2023 | – |
| Woodbridge Strikers | 0 | 4 | – | 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018 |
| FC London | 0 | 2 | – | 2016, 2019 |

### Yearly results

Trophy winners (2014–2023) :
| Season | Teams | Regular season | Play-offs | L1 Cup |
| 2014 | 9 | Toronto FC Academy | — | Vaughan Azzurri |
| 2015 | 12 | Oakville Blue Devils | — | Woodbridge Strikers |
| 2016 | 16 | Vaughan Azzurri (E) FC London (W) | Vaughan Azzurri | Vaughan Azzurri |
| 2017 | 16 | Woodbridge Strikers (E) Oakville Blue Devils (W) | Oakville Blue Devils | Woodbridge Strikers |
| 2018 | 17 | FC London | Vaughan Azzurri | Vaughan Azzurri |
| 2019 | 16 | Oakville Blue Devils | Master's Futbol | — |
| 2020 | 17 | Season cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic | Season cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic | Season cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2021 | 15 | Vaughan Azzurri (E) Guelph United (W) | Guelph United | — |
| 2022 | 22 | Vaughan Azzurri | Vaughan Azzurri | — |
| 2023 | 21 | Scrosoppi FC | Simcoe County Rovers | — |
* ↑ Originally, 10 clubs were in the league, but Internacional de Toronto was removed from the league mid-season.
* ↑ Originally, 21 clubs were set to participate, but some clubs opted out of the main division due to scheduling impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Some clubs participated in a separate short-season division.
Trophy winners (2024–present) :
| Season | Premier division | Championship division | League2 division | L1 Cup |
| 2024 | Scrosoppi FC | Toronto FC Academy | Alliance United FC B | Vaughan Azzurri |

## Reserve division

In 2019, L1O launched a men's U21 Reserve Division open to existing League1 Ontario or Ontario Player Development League license holders. The inaugural year will consist of a 12-game summer season and a separate 10-game fall season. Nine teams will participate in the 2019 summer season with a possibility of more teams joining for the fall.

## Players who earned national team caps while in L1O

The following players have earned a senior national team cap while playing in League1 Ontario (the year of their first cap while playing in the league is listed). Players who earned caps before or after playing in League1 Ontario are not included, unless they also earned caps while in the league. This section also does not include youth caps (U23 or below).
| Player | Country | Year |
| Shaquille Agard | Guyana | 2014 |
| Adrian Butters | Guyana | 2015 |
| Kilian Elkinson | Bermuda | 2016 |
| Anthony Whyte | Guyana | 2016 |
| Daniel Whyte | Guyana | 2016 |
| Daniel Jodah | Guyana | 2017 |
| Jelani Smith | Guyana | 2017 |
| Navid Rahman | Pakistan | 2018 |
| Alain Sargeant | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2018 |
| Justin Springer | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2018 |
| Kaeson Trench | Barbados | 2018 |
| Tristan Marshall | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 2019 |
| Tyrell Rayne | Antigua and Barbuda | 2019 |
| Rahbar Wahed Khan | Bangladesh | 2021 |
| Quillan Roberts | Guyana | 2022 |
| Zachary Ellis-Hayden | Barbados | 2023 |
| Emery Welshman | Guyana | 2023 |
| Tre Crosby | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 2024 |