# Tehama County, California

Tehama County (/təˈheɪmə/ tə-HAY-mə; Wintun for "high water") is a county located in the northern part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,829. The county seat and largest city is Red Bluff. Tehama County comprises the Red Bluff, California micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Redding-Red Bluff, California combined statistical area. The county is bisected by the Sacramento River.

## Etymology

The county is named for the City of Tehama. Tehama is most commonly believed to be derived from the Wintun word for "high water". Others definitions of native origin that have been proposed such as "low land", "salmon", "mother nature" or "shallow". A less accepted theory proposes the names origin is tejamanil, shingle in Spanish.

## History

Tehama County was formed from parts of Butte, Colusa, and Shasta Counties in 1856.
The first permanent non-indigenous settlers in the area that is now Tehama County were Robert Hasty Thomes, Albert Gallatin Toomes, William George Chard, and Job Francis Dye. The four men were each given land grants by the government of Mexico in 1844. Thomes received Rancho Saucos, Toomes received Rancho Rio de los Molinos, Chard received Rancho Las Flores, and Dye received Rancho Primer Cañon o Rio de Los Berrendos. Later in the same year Josiah Belden received Rancho Barranca Colorado.
Famous early figures include Kit Carson, who took part in a fight that gave name to Bloody Island and Battle Creek, Jedediah Smith, John C. Fremont, and William B. Ide, the first and only president of the California Republic.
The history of Tehama County includes the January 1886 relocation of Red Bluff's Chinese population, followed by the August 1886 torching of Red Bluff's Chinatown by alleged arsonists. The January 29, 1886, edition of The Daily Alta detailed 'The Anti-Coolie Move' and confirms that a secret anti-Chinese meeting was convened in the town of Tehama, and an organization established to relocate the estimated 2,000 Chinese in and around Vina. Secret daily anti-Chinese caucuses in Red Bluff were also held.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,962 square miles (7,670 km$^2$), of which 2,950 square miles (7,600 km$^2$) is land and 12 square miles (31 km$^2$) (0.4%) is water. Watercourses in Tehama County include Dye Creek and Payne's Creek. The county is intersected by Sacramento River. A small part of Lassen Volcanic National Park extends into the northeast corner of the county. The highest point of the county is Brokeoff Mountain (9,235 feet).

### Adjacent counties

* Shasta County - north
* Plumas County - northeast
* Butte County - east
* Glenn County - south
* Mendocino County - southwest
* Trinity County - west

### National protected areas

* Lassen National Forest (part)
* Lassen Volcanic National Park (part)
* Mendocino National Forest (part)
* Sacramento River National Wildlife Refuge (part)
* Shasta–Trinity National Forest (part)

## Transportation
### Major highways

* Interstate 5
* State Route 32
* State Route 36
* State Route 89
* State Route 99

### Public transportation

Tehama Rural Area Express (TRAX) operates local service in Red Bluff, with service to Los Molinos and Corning. Greyhound and FlixBus buses stop in Red Bluff.
The Shasta Regional Transportation Agency has proposed a weekday commuter bus to/from Red Bluff and the Sacramento Valley Station, following a route similar to the twice daily Amtrak Thruway 3.

### Airports

Red Bluff Municipal Airport and Corning Municipal Airport are two general aviation airports.

## Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.
Population and crime rates :
| Population | 62,985 | 62,985 |
| Violent crime | 387 | 6.14 |
| Homicide | 3 | 0.05 |
| Forcible rape | 9 | 0.14 |
| Robbery | 28 | 0.44 |
| Aggravated assault | 347 | 5.51 |
| Property crime | 725 | 11.51 |
| Burglary | 400 | 6.35 |
| Larceny-theft | 808 | 12.83 |
| Motor vehicle theft | 136 | 2.16 |
| Arson | 33 | 0.52 |

### Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates :
| City | Population | Violent crimes | Violent crime rate per 1,000 persons | Property crimes | Property crime rate per 1,000 persons |
| Corning | 7,751 | 51 | 6.58 | 281 | 36.25 |
| Red Bluff | 14,236 | 112 | 7.87 | 811 | 56.97 |

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Tehama County, California – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 43,792 | 45,603 | 41,340 | 78.47% | 71.86% | 62.80% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 279 | 349 | 391 | 0.50% | 0.55% | 0.59% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 1,008 | 1,205 | 1,167 | 1.80% | 1.90% | 1.77% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 423 | 625 | 985 | 0.75% | 0.98% | 1.50% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 48 | 64 | 96 | 0.09% | 0.10% | 0.15% |
| Other Race alone (NH) | 109 | 67 | 324 | 0.19% | 0.11% | 0.49% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 1,329 | 1,644 | 3,588 | 2.37% | 2.59% | 5.45% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 8,871 | 13,906 | 17,938 | 15.83% | 21.91% | 27.25% |
| Total | 56,039 | 63,463 | 65,829 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |

### 2011

Population, race, and income :
| Total population | 62,985 | 62,985 |
| White | 53,613 | 85.1% |
| Black or African American | 418 | 0.7% |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1,426 | 2.3% |
| Asian | 768 | 1.2% |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 69 | 0.1% |
| Some other race | 4,159 | 6.6% |
| Two or more races | 2,532 | 4.0% |
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 13,491 | 21.4% |
| Per capita income | $20,689 | $20,689 |
| Median household income | $38,753 | $38,753 |
| Median family income | $46,805 | $46,805 |

#### Places by population, race, and income

Places by population and income :
| Place | Type | Population | Per capita income | Median household income | Median family income |
| Bend | CDP | 620 | $31,726 | $72,917 | $86,597 |
| Corning | City | 7,624 | $13,884 | $38,225 | $42,561 |
| Flournoy | CDP | 115 | $60,147 | $70,000 | $78,333 |
| Gerber | CDP | 855 | $13,410 | $29,612 | $31,346 |
| Lake California | CDP | 2,855 | $21,022 | $47,611 | $50,027 |
| Las Flores | CDP | 100 | $12,060 | $21,389 | $23,636 |
| Los Molinos | CDP | 2,479 | $15,727 | $32,567 | $40,077 |
| Manton | CDP | 313 | $23,536 | $41,875 | $45,000 |
| Mineral | CDP | 133 | $35,310 | $65,729 | $65,729 |
| Paskenta | CDP | 71 | $15,446 | $29,375 | $45,625 |
| Paynes Creek | CDP | 56 | $29,325 | $51,250 | $75,000 |
| Proberta | CDP | 254 | $19,601 | $32,049 | $31,111 |
| Rancho Tehama | CDP | 1,356 | $14,323 | $26,306 | $29,485 |
| Red Bluff | City | 14,026 | $17,877 | $31,690 | $39,388 |
| Richfield | CDP | 243 | $21,631 | $42,969 | $43,438 |
| Tehama | City | 383 | $20,801 | $36,786 | $39,712 |
| Vina | CDP | 107 | $40,851 | $51,607 | |

### 2010 Census

The 2010 United States census reported that Tehama County had a population of 63,463. The racial makeup of Tehama County was 51,721 (81.5%) White, 406 (0.6%) African American, 1,644 (2.6%) Native American, 656 (1.0%) Asian, 76 (0.1%) Pacific Islander, 6,258 (9.9%) from other races, and 2,702 (4.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,906 persons (21.9%).
Population reported at 2010 United States census :
| The County | Total Population | White | African American | Native American | Asian | Pacific Islander | other races | two or more races | Hispanic orLatino (of any race) |
| Tehama County | 63,463 | 51,721 | 406 | 1,644 | 656 | 76 | 6,258 | 2,702 | 13,906 |
| Incorporated cities and towns | Total Population | White | African American | Native American | Asian | Pacific Islander | other races | two or more races | Hispanic orLatino (of any race) |
| Corning | 7,663 | 5,510 | 44 | 201 | 82 | 11 | 1,496 | 319 | 3,271 |
| Red Bluff | 14,076 | 11,366 | 128 | 438 | 187 | 16 | 1,168 | 773 | 3,037 |
| Tehama | 418 | 346 | 6 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 27 | 15 | 57 |
| Census-designated places | Total Population | White | African American | Native American | Asian | Pacific Islander | other races | two or more races | Hispanic orLatino (of any race) |
| Bend | 619 | 570 | 4 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 14 | 13 | 48 |
| Flournoy | 101 | 90 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 9 |
| Gerber | 1,060 | 575 | 6 | 55 | 8 | 0 | 371 | 45 | 526 |
| Lake California | 3,054 | 2,751 | 11 | 81 | 31 | 6 | 55 | 119 | 251 |
| Las Flores | 187 | 127 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 14 | 72 |
| Los Molinos | 2,037 | 1,581 | 0 | 39 | 7 | 2 | 321 | 87 | 537 |
| Manton | 347 | 312 | 0 | 20 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 7 | 35 |
| Mineral | 123 | 115 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 |
| Paskenta | 112 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 9 | 19 |
| Paynes Creek | 57 | 51 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
| Proberta | 267 | 174 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 76 | 8 | 91 |
| Rancho Tehama | 1,485 | 1,181 | 21 | 52 | 21 | 5 | 102 | 103 | 214 |
| Richfield | 306 | 264 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 3 | 65 |
| Vina | 237 | 195 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 12 | 42 |
| Other unincorporated areas | Total Population | White | African American | Native American | Asian | Pacific Islander | other races | two or more races | Hispanic orLatino (of any race) |
| All others not CDPs (combined) | 31,314 | 26,418 | 185 | 693 | 308 | 33 | 2,511 | 1,166 | 5,621 |

### 2000 Census

As of the census of 2000, there were 56,039 people, 21,013 households, and 14,898 families residing in the county. The population density was 19 people per square mile (7.3 people/km$^2$). There were 23,547 housing units at an average density of 8 units per square mile (3.1 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 84.8% White, 0.6% Black or African American, 2.1% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 8.3% from other races, and 3.4% from two or more races. 15.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 14.4% were of German, 11.0% English, 9.6% Irish and 9.5% American ancestry according to the 2000 United States census. 86.0% spoke English and 13.0% Spanish as their first language.
There were 21,013 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.1% were non-families. 24.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.08.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.0 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $31,206, and the median income for a family was $37,277. Males had a median income of $30,872 versus $22,864 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,793. About 13.0% of families and 17.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.0% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

## Politics
### Voter registration statistics

Population and registered voters :
| Total population | 62,985 | 62,985 |
| Registered voters | 30,485 | 48.4% |
| Democratic | 9,163 | 30.1% |
| Republican | 13,542 | 44.4% |
| Democratic–Republican spread | -4,379 | -14.3% |
| American Independent | 1,502 | 4.9% |
| Green | 125 | 0.4% |
| Libertarian | 234 | 0.8% |
| Peace and Freedom | 92 | 0.3% |
| Americans Elect | 0 | 0.0% |
| Other | 108 | 0.4% |
| No party preference | 5,719 | 18.8% |

#### Cities by population and voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration :
| City | Population | Registered voters | Democratic | Republican | D–R spread | Other | No party preference |
| Corning | 7,624 | 33.8% | 35.2% | 35.1% | +0.1% | 11.7% | 22.8% |
| Red Bluff | 14,026 | 42.1% | 33.8% | 37.2% | -3.4% | 12.8% | 21.6% |
| Tehama | 383 | 54.3% | 35.1% | 39.9% | -4.8% | 15.4% | 16.8% |

### Overview

Tehama is a strongly Republican county in presidential and congressional elections. The last Democrat to win a majority in the county was Jimmy Carter in 1976. Bill Clinton won a plurality in 1992.
United States presidential election results for Tehama County, California :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 18,503 | 69.72% | 7,415 | 27.94% | 622 | 2.34% |
| 2020 | 19,141 | 66.62% | 8,911 | 31.02% | 679 | 2.36% |
| 2016 | 15,494 | 64.81% | 6,809 | 28.48% | 1,605 | 6.71% |
| 2012 | 14,235 | 61.95% | 7,934 | 34.53% | 808 | 3.52% |
| 2008 | 14,843 | 60.44% | 8,945 | 36.42% | 772 | 3.14% |
| 2004 | 15,572 | 66.42% | 7,504 | 32.01% | 368 | 1.57% |
| 2000 | 13,270 | 63.63% | 6,507 | 31.20% | 1,077 | 5.16% |
| 1996 | 10,292 | 50.34% | 7,290 | 35.66% | 2,861 | 14.00% |
| 1992 | 7,419 | 35.36% | 7,508 | 35.79% | 6,052 | 28.85% |
| 1988 | 9,854 | 56.52% | 7,213 | 41.37% | 367 | 2.11% |
| 1984 | 11,586 | 62.78% | 6,527 | 35.37% | 342 | 1.85% |
| 1980 | 9,140 | 59.13% | 4,832 | 31.26% | 1,485 | 9.61% |
| 1976 | 6,110 | 44.81% | 6,990 | 51.27% | 535 | 3.92% |
| 1972 | 6,054 | 48.73% | 5,175 | 41.65% | 1,195 | 9.62% |
| 1968 | 5,198 | 47.26% | 4,565 | 41.50% | 1,236 | 11.24% |
| 1964 | 4,529 | 39.50% | 6,928 | 60.42% | 10 | 0.09% |
| 1960 | 5,522 | 49.96% | 5,483 | 49.61% | 47 | 0.43% |
| 1956 | 4,866 | 53.82% | 4,143 | 45.82% | 33 | 0.36% |
| 1952 | 5,742 | 64.31% | 3,110 | 34.83% | 77 | 0.86% |
| 1948 | 3,348 | 51.27% | 2,920 | 44.72% | 262 | 4.01% |
| 1944 | 2,903 | 47.79% | 3,130 | 51.53% | 41 | 0.68% |
| 1940 | 2,913 | 43.95% | 3,618 | 54.59% | 97 | 1.46% |
| 1936 | 2,376 | 38.46% | 3,687 | 59.68% | 115 | 1.86% |
| 1932 | 2,001 | 34.20% | 3,534 | 60.40% | 316 | 5.40% |
| 1928 | 3,393 | 65.58% | 1,650 | 31.89% | 131 | 2.53% |
| 1924 | 1,943 | 45.97% | 486 | 11.50% | 1,798 | 42.54% |
| 1920 | 2,462 | 61.81% | 1,079 | 27.09% | 442 | 11.10% |
| 1916 | 1,739 | 36.32% | 2,534 | 52.92% | 515 | 10.76% |
| 1912 | 13 | 0.38% | 1,595 | 47.16% | 1,774 | 52.45% |
| 1908 | 1,064 | 47.46% | 894 | 39.88% | 284 | 12.67% |
| 1904 | 1,234 | 56.32% | 720 | 32.86% | 237 | 10.82% |
| 1900 | 1,210 | 50.35% | 1,138 | 47.36% | 55 | 2.29% |
| 1896 | 969 | 45.39% | 1,135 | 53.16% | 31 | 1.45% |
| 1892 | 969 | 43.39% | 1,045 | 46.80% | 219 | 9.81% |
| 1888 | 1,171 | 46.88% | 1,290 | 51.64% | 37 | 1.48% |
| 1884 | 1,075 | 47.80% | 1,146 | 50.96% | 28 | 1.24% |
| 1880 | 868 | 47.61% | 954 | 52.33% | 1 | 0.05% |
In the United States House of Representatives, Tehama County is in California's 1st congressional district, represented by Republican Doug LaMalfa.
In the California State Legislature, the county is in the 1st Senate District, represented by Republican Megan Dahle, and the 3rd Assembly District, represented by Republican James Gallagher.
On November 4, 2008, Tehama County voted 72.7% for Proposition 8, which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages.

## Communities
### Cities

* Corning
* Red Bluff
* Tehama

### Unincorporated communities

* El Camino
* Kirkwood
* Loybas Hill
* Mill Creek
* Mineral

### Census-designated places

* Bend
* Dales
* Flournoy
* Gerber
* Lake California
* Las Flores
* Los Molinos
* Manton
* Mineral CDP
* Paskenta
* Paynes Creek
* Proberta
* Rancho Tehama
* Richfield
* Vina

### Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Tehama County.
† county seat
| Rank | City/Town/etc. | Municipal type | Population (2020 Census) |
| 1 | † Red Bluff | City | 14,710 |
| 2 | Corning | City | 8,244 |
| 3 | Lake California | CDP | 3,377 |
| 4 | Los Molinos | CDP | 2,098 |
| 5 | Rancho Tehama | CDP | 1,572 |
| 6 | Gerber | CDP | 1,044 |
| 7 | Bend | CDP | 603 |
| 8 | Tehama | City | 435 |
| 9 | Manton | CDP | 310 |
| 10 | Richfield | CDP | 309 |
| 11 | Proberta | CDP | 237 |
| 12 | Vina | CDP | 198 |
| 13 | Las Flores | CDP | 190 |
| 14 | Mineral | CDP | 136 |
| 15 | Flournoy | CDP | 117 |
| 16 | Paskenta | CDP | 110 |
| 17 | Paynes Creek | CDP | 54 |