OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Easter cycle

The Easter cycle is the sequence of the seasons and days in the Christian liturgical year which are pegged to the date of Easter, either before or after it. In any given calendar year, the timing of events within the Easter cycle is dependent on the calculation of the date of Easter itself.

## Western Christianity

The following liturgical seasons and days, celebrated by various traditions within Western Christianity, are celebrated a fixed amount of time either before or after the day of Easter.
* Pre-Lent
** Septuagesima
** Sexagesima
** Quinquagesima
* Lent
** Ash Wednesday
** Ember Days of Lent
** Laetare Sunday
** Passiontide
*** Passion Sunday
*** Holy Week
**** Palm Sunday
**** Holy Monday
**** Holy Tuesday
**** Holy Wednesday
**** Triduum
***** Holy Thursday (Chrism Mass / Mass of the Lord's Supper)
***** Good Friday
***** Holy Saturday
***** Easter Vigil
* Easter
* Eastertide
** Octave of Easter
*** Easter Monday
*** Easter Tuesday
*** Easter Wednesday
*** Easter Thursday
*** Easter Friday
*** Easter Saturday
*** Second Sunday of Easter (Divine Mercy Sunday)
** Third Sunday of Easter
** Fourth Sunday of Easter
** Fifth Sunday of Easter
** Sixth Sunday of Easter
** Minor Rogation Days
** Ascensiontide
*** Feast of the Ascension
*** Seventh Sunday of Easter
* Pentecost (Whitsun)
* Pentecost Season
** Octave of Pentecost
*** Whit Monday
*** Whit Tuesday
*** Ember Days of Pentecost
*** Trinity Sunday
** Feast of Corpus Christi
** Feast of Christ the Priest
** Feast of the Sacred Heart
** Feast of the Immaculate Heart
# Jesús Tavárez

Jesús Rafael Tavárez Alcántaras (born March 26, 1971) is a Dominican former professional baseball outfielder and current manager of the Dominican Summer League Guardians Blue, a Rookie-level affiliate of the Cleveland Guardians. He played five seasons in Major League Baseball, playing mainly in center field for three different teams from 1994-1998 seasons. He also played two seasons for the Haitai Tigers of the KBO League. Listed at 6' 0", 170 lb., he was a switch-hitter and threw right-handed.
Tavárez entered the majors in 1994 with the Florida Marlins, playing for them three years before joining the Boston Red Sox (1997) and Baltimore Orioles (1998). His most productive season came in 1995 with the Marlins, when he posted career-numbers in batting average (.289), home runs (2), runs (31), RBI (13) and stolen bases (7). The next season, he appeared in a career-high 98 games, while hitting just .219.
In a five-season career, Tavárez was a .239 hitter (101-for-228) with three home runs and 33 RBI in 228 games, including 12 doubles, three triples and 13 stolen bases. He also played in the Seattle, Florida, Boston, Baltimore and San Francisco minor league systems from 1990–99, hitting .274 with 22 home runs and 259 RBI in 741 games.
# Jim Brady (baseball)

James Joseph Brady Jr. (March 2, 1936 – August 18, 2024) was an American economist, university educator and administrator, and pitcher in professional baseball. A native of Jersey City, New Jersey, he attended and earned three degrees from the University of Notre Dame.
Brady was the eighth president of Jacksonville University (1989–96), after service as dean of both the university's College of Arts and Sciences and Davis College of Business. Prior to that, he held the department chair in economics at Old Dominion University and was a member of the economics faculty of his alma mater, Notre Dame.
As a baseball player, the 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m), 185 lb (84 kg) Brady was signed off his college campus as an undergraduate by the Detroit Tigers as a $37,500 "bonus baby" in 1955. Detroit's farm system director, John McHale, was a Notre Dame alumnus and Brady promised his father he would return to college to complete his education when he signed his contract. Under the terms of the bonus rule then in effect, however, Brady was forced to spend the first two years of his pro career on a Major League roster.
Nicknamed "Diamond Jim" because of his bonus status, Brady missed the 1955 season due to an injury, then made his MLB debut on May 12, 1956, hurling a perfect ninth inning against the Chicago White Sox in a 7–6 loss at Briggs Stadium. A week later, he pitched another scoreless inning against the Baltimore Orioles, but was treated roughly in his next four appearances, surrendering 20 earned runs on 15 hits and ten bases on balls in only 41⁄3 innings of work.
He made only those six appearances, all in relief, during the season, then was sent to the minors for good in 1957. He retired as an active player after appearing in eight games for the 1961 Knoxville Smokies of the Class A Sally League.
According to Jacksonville University, as of 2011, Brady was an arbitrator in North Florida. Brady died in Jacksonville on August 18, 2024, at the age of 88.
# Encounters Short Film and Animation Festival

Encounters Film Festival is a short film, animation and VR festival in Bristol, England. Based in Bristol, Encounters runs a six-day festival in September and its main venues are Watershed, Bristol Beacon and Arnolfini, on Bristol’s harbourside.

## History

The festival began in 1995 as Brief Encounters, a one-off event. Animated Encounters was set up in 2001 to celebrate and showcase animation. In 2006 the two festivals united as the Encounters Short Film Festival.
Special guests at past festivals have included Matt Groening, Hayao Miyazaki, Ray Harryhausen and Andrea Arnold. Notable competition alumni include Denis Villeneuve, Lynne Ramsay, Rungano Nyoni, Julia Ducournau, Charlotte Wells, Ruben Östlund, Joachim Trier, Molly Manning-Walker and Radu Jude.
Since 2010 Encounters Festival has been a qualifying festival for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film and Best Animated Short, alongside the equivalent BAFTAs categories. In 2011 Encounters Festival announced a new partnership with the European Film Academy Short Film Initiative, becoming a member of the 15 European festivals that present the nominations for the European Film Awards.
The festival celebrates it's 30th edition in September 2025.
# Mzansi Magic

Mzansi Magic is a South African digital satellite and general entertainment channel created by Multichoice and run by M-Net's local interest division, and is broadcast on DStv.

## History

The channel launched in mid-July 2010 on channel 107 as M-Net's platform to boost local production and showcase entertainment in South Africa. Through the channels development, M-Net would engage with local producers, partnering with South African filmmakers to create gripping content with universal appeal while empowering new and upcoming talent and ensuring that key skills are transferred to the industry.
The channel launched with a six-hour programming block with a mix of original local series and international movies. It was headed by film veteran Lebone Maema. The channel began broadcasting in HD on 24 July 2015.

## Programming

Mzansi Magic primarily focuses on original local productions and feature films from South Africa, with a few additions of international content.

### Soapies, Dramas and Telenovelas

The channel carries original drama series and telenovelas. Titles include The Queen, Gomora, Isibaya, Umbuso, Shaka Ilembe, Housekeepers, DiepCity, Gqeberha: The Empire and Umkhoka: The Curse. The channel also carries drama series from its sister channels and co-productions from Showmax like Jacob's Cross, The River, Grassroots and Trackers.

### Reality, Talk and Magazine

The channel has a strong focus on highly popular reality series, most notably Date My Family SA, Our Perfect Wedding South Africa, Mnakwethu, Idols South Africa, Big Brother Mzansi, Living The Dream with Somizi and Being Bonang amongst others. It also includes international talk shows like The Talk and The Doctors.

### Sports

The carries some content which is simulcasted with SuperSport. This includes highlights of WWE Raw and SmackDown, as well as the Nedbank Ke Yona Team Search.

### Music

The channel has music specials and interviews with local artists.

### Movies

Initially, the channel carried several international movie titles and gradually worked with new upcoming producers and veterans in the industry. The channel has come to categories these made-for-TV movie titles as 'Lokshin Bioskop' and proved to be popular amongst DStv subscribers.
# Frances Donaldson

Frances Annesley, Lady Donaldson of Kingsbridge (née Lonsdale; 13 January 1907 – 27 March 1994), was a British writer and biographer.

## Biography

Her father was the playwright Frederick Lonsdale and her mother was Leslie Brooke (née Hoggan). She made an unsuccessful marriage to Ronald McKenzie Cardwell in 1927. In 1935, she married her second husband, John George Stuart Donaldson, known as Jack, who became Baron Donaldson of Kingsbridge in 1967. They had three children, a daughter and two sons.
During the Second World War when her husband was away she successfully took up farming, producing record crop and milk yields. She was invited to broadcast in wartime and wrote several books about her experiences.
Her body of work included topics such as farming and biographies on writers Evelyn Waugh and P. G. Wodehouse, and King Edward VIII.
She died of cancer on 27 March 1994 in London.

## Works

* Approach to Farming (1941)
* Four Years Harvest (1945)
* Milk Without Tears (1955)
* Farming in Britain Today (1969) with J. G. S. Donaldson and Derek Barber
* Freddy Lonsdale (1957) — Lady Donaldson's biography of her father, "praised for its balance of candor and affection"
* Child of the Twenties (1962)
* The Marconi Scandal (1962)
* Evelyn Waugh: Portrait of a Country Neighbour (1967) — An appreciation, rather than a comprehensive biography
* Actor Managers (1970)
* Edward VIII (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1974) — Won the Wolfson History Prize in 1974, and was the basis for the seven-part television series Edward & Mrs. Simpson (1978), starring her nephew actor Edward Fox as Edward
* P. G. Wodehouse (1982)
* Yours Plum (1990) Letters of P. G. Wodehouse
* The British Council: the First Fifty Years (1984)
* The Royal Opera House in the 20th Century (1988)
* A Twentieth-Century Life (1992)
* Frances Donaldson: A Woman's War (2017) — An edition of her letters, written in 1939–1945 to her husband Jack. These precede all her published works, and although not originally written for publication, show her literary talent and interesting comment on events.
# Mount Wilson

Mount Wilson can refer to several things:

## United States

* Mount Wilson (Arizona)
* Mount Wilson (California)
** Mount Wilson Observatory
* Mount Wilson (Colorado)
* Mount Wilson, Nevada, a census-designated place in Lincoln County
* Mount Wilson (Clark County, Nevada)
* Mount Wilson (Lyon County, Nevada)
* Mount Wilson (Vermont)
# Himalayan water shrew

The Himalayan water shrew (Chimarrogale himalayica) is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in China, India, Japan, Laos, Myanmar, Taiwan, and Vietnam.
# Wandsworth Town Hall

Wandsworth Town Hall is a municipal building on the corner of Wandsworth High Street and Fairfield Street in Wandsworth, London. The building, which is the headquarters of Wandsworth London Borough Council, is a Grade II listed building.

## History

In the mid-19th century Wandsworth Vestry met in the vestry room of All Saints Church. After civic leaders found this arrangement was inadequate, they decided to procure a purpose-built vestry hall: the site selected was a row of properties in the High Street. The new building was designed by George Patrick in a mixture of the Italianate and French Renaissance styles, built by Mr Parsons of Wandsworth and completed in 1882. It went on to become the headquarters of the Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth as "Wandsworth Town Hall" in 1900.
A modest two-storey structure faced in red-brick over channeled stone, designed by Ernest Elford in the Classical style, and now known as the "civic suite", was erected in the High Street to the east of the vestry hall in 1927. The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage with eleven bays facing onto the High Street; the left section of two bays featured a canopied doorway on the ground floor with a pediment containing the metropolitan borough's coat of arms above; there was a row of round-headed windows interspersed with Doric order pilasters on the first floor. A projecting clock was erected on the outside of the building.
This was followed by a huge stone facility to the east on the corner of the High Street and Fairfield Street, designed by Edward A. Hunt in the International Moderne style, built by Dove Brothers of Islington and originally known as the "municipal buildings". The corner section of Hunt's building featured a vehicle entrance leading to a central courtyard at ground level; there was a Vitruvian scroll bearing the borough coat of arms with five tall windows on the first floor; the corner section connected two blocks each of which had finials on the roof. The High Street facade of Hunt's building, which extended to 15 bays, was embellished by a frieze, carved by David Evans and John Linehan, depicting local historical scenes. The municipal buildings were officially opened by Queen Mary on 14 July 1937. The principal room was a polygon-shaped council chamber which projected from the rear of the building.
The complex continued to function as the local seat of government when the enlarged London Borough of Wandsworth was formed in 1965. The original vestry hall, which had suffered considerable damage during the Blitz in the Second World War, was demolished in the 1970s to make way for a modern office block designed by Culpin and Partners, located to the west the civic suite, which was completed in 1975.
Princess Alexandra opened a new borough register office in the town hall in 1993 and returned to attend a citizenship ceremony the council chamber in May 2012.
# Deepak Dhawan

Deepak Dhawan (February 28, 1955 – May 19, 1987) was the State Committee member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) representing Punjab and also Joint Secretary of Khet Mazdoor Union, a mass organisation of CPI(M), which campaigns for the rights of landless agricultural labourers. He was a member of All India Students' Federation (AISF) in D.A.V College, Amritsar, and an elected President of Student Council (Progressive Student Front - a united front of SFI and AISF) at Guru Nanak Dev University. On 19 May 1987, he was killed by Khalistan movement extremists at Sangha village, Tarn Taran district.

## Commemoration

On 19 June 2020, on the 33rd anniversary of his death, the Revolutionary Marxist Party of India launched a calendar to commemorate Dhawan and highlight the principles of socialism by which he lived and sacrificed his life.
# Kelso Wash

Kelso Wash is an ephemeral stream in San Bernardino County, California, United States, that drains into Soda Lake (Hewett 1956, p. 6). The town of Kelso lies southeast of the wash (Muhs, Lancaster & Skipp 2017, p. 227).
Kelso Wash lies within the Mojave National Preserve. It originates at Cima, between the Kelso Mountains to the west and the Providence Mountains to the east as a southward flowing wash (Muhs, Lancaster & Skipp 2017, p. 224), where it receives the Cedar Wash from northeast and washes draining the Marl Mountains from northwest. The Cima Dome lies nearby. The area of Cima separates its valley from Ivanpah Valley (Hewett 1956, p. 9). It then turns west north of the Kelso Dunes(Muhs, Lancaster & Skipp 2017, p. 224) and receives first the Cottonwood Wash from southeast, which drains the southern Providence Mountains and the Granite Mountains (Muhs, Lancaster & Skipp 2017, p. 226), and then the Budweiser Wash from the south, which drains the Bristol Mountains, Granite Mountains and Old Dad Mountains. Kelso Wash then passes northwestward between Devils Playground to the north and Bristol Mountains to the south. It eventually ends into Soda Lake (Muhs, Lancaster & Skipp 2017, p. 224). It is the largest wash draining the area of Soda Lake.
Precipitation in the area averages about 100–200 millimetres (4–8 in). Groundwater close to the surface and runoff sustain Kelso Wash. Dunes frequently blocked its course, impounding temporary lakes that filled with sediments during the early Holocene.(Sweeney et al. 2020, p. 2328) The wash has cut as deep as 11 metres (36 ft) into the ground, and its course is flanked by river terraces.(Sweeney et al. 2020, p. 2318) The Union Pacific Railroad closely parallels the wash (Ramsey et al. 1999, p. 661).
Together with the Mojave River, it supplies water to the Mojave River sink area and Lake Tuendae (Hanrahan, Gibani & Miller 2008, p. 335). In 1984 Kelso Wash was proposed to be part of the source of sand for the Kelso Dunes (Muhs, Lancaster & Skipp 2017, p. 223).
# Northam Platinum

Northam Holdings is an independent integrated PGM producer listed on the JSE. The primary operations are centered on their three wholly owned mines, Zondereinde, Booysendal and Eland, and the additional metallurgical operations at Zondereinde including a smelter and base metals removal plant. Northam’s three main products mined are platinum, palladium and rhodium and are consumed by industries such as the motor manufacturing, jewellery and other industrial sectors.

## Background

Northam Platinum has three main mines in South Africa located at Zondereinde, Limpopo Province, Booysendal, Mpumalanga and Eland North West. Located close to Thabazimbi, the Zondereinde mine produces 280,000oz of refined PGMs a year in 2016 and has an expected life of more than 20 years.$^{:3}$ Close by is Northam Chrome that obtains chrome from the material mined from Zondereinde.$^{:3}$ The Booysendal site consists of three mines, Booysendal UG2 North, Booysendal Merensky North and Booysendal South. UG2 North opened in July 2013 and produces 160,000oz a year with a 105 million ounces available.$^{:3}$ Merensky North is under development and the South mine also consists of the Everest platinum mine purchased from Aquarius Platinum in 2015.$^{:3}$ In a joint venture project, it has a 7.5% interest the Pandora mine with Anglo American Platinum and Lonmin.$^{:3}$ Northam also has a 50% interest in the Dwaalkop joint venture and a 51% interest in the Kokerboom exploration joint in the Northern Cape.$^{:3}$
During February 2017, Northam announced a proposal to purchase the Eland platinum mine for R135 million from its owner Glencore. The mine, said to have 21.3 million ounces of product, had been closed since 2015, due to price falls and difficulties in its operations. The purchase includes the mines two mining rights, surface and underground infrastructure. Northam had also reached marketing deal for the sale of its chrome product through Glencore.

## Ownership

The shares of the stock of Northam Platinum are traded on the JSE. As at June 30, 2016, the shareholding in the group's stock consisting of 509,781,212 shares as depicted in the table below:$^{:148}$
Northam Platinum :
| Rank | Name of Owner | Percentage Ownership |
| 1 | Zambezi Platinum | 31.37 |
| 2 | Coronation Asset Management | 29.68 |
| 3 | Public Investment Corporation | 7.25 |
| 4 | Sanlam Investment Management | 5.86 |
| 5 | Foord Asset Management | 5.33 |
| 6 | Clients of Allan Gray | 5.01 |
| 7 | Other investors via the JSE | 15.5 |
| | Total | 100.00 |
The shareholders in 2016 can be broken down as follows:$^{:5}$
* South African 89.9%
* North America 5.6%
* Europe/United Kingdom 1.8%
* World 2.7%

## Carbon footprint

Northam Platinum reported total CO2e emissions (direct + indirect) for 30 June 2020 at 1,077 Kt (+72/+7.1% y-o-y). The growth accelerated relative to the long-term trend (+5% CAGR) observed since 2Q'15.
Northam Platinum's total CO2e emissions (direct + indirect) (in kilotonnes) :
| Jun 2015 | Jun 2016 | Jun 2017 | Jun 2018 | Jun 2019 | Jun 2020 |
| 804 | 838 | 882 | 924 | 1,006 | 1,077 |
# Kenneth Lane (canoeist)

Kenneth Lane (August 16, 1923 - January 22, 2010) was a Canadian sprint canoeist who competed in the early 1950s. He won a silver medal in the C-2 10000 m event at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki.
Lane was born in Toronto, Ontario. He was a lifetime member of the Balmy Beach Canoe Club. He won his first Canadian championship in 1946 in the C1 event. In his career, he won 14 gold medals and 19 Canadian championships. He, along with Don Hawgood won the silver medal at the 1952 Summer Olympics in a photo-finish. Lane continued to race in masters competition until 1991. He was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame in 2003.
Lane remained in the sport as an administrator, helping to found Canoe Ontario. Lane managed the Canadian national team in the 1967 Pan-Am Games and the 1972 Olympics. He was an administrator of the Western Ontario division of the Canadian Canoe Association from 1945 to 2000.
Lane received the following awards:
* R. Edgar Gilbert Award
* Queen's Jubilee Award
* Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame
# Digital Author Identifier

The Digital Author Identifier (DAI) was a Dutch initiative to create an person identifier for researchers to (1) enhance linkability of scholarly communication and other types of output to a single author and (2) to disambiguate between authors with similar or even the same names.
As a form of authority control, DAI was envisioned to assign a unique national id for every author active within a Dutch university, university of applied sciences, or research institute. The DAI is prepared from the ISO standard "ISNI" (International Standard Name Identifier). The DAI links the PICA database in institutional libraries with the METIS national research information system subsequently made available to international search engines. Specifially, SURFfoundation has, in cooperation with OCLC PICA, created a connection with PICA National Thesaurus Authornames (NTA) that is supplied and maintained by university libraries. Important to this is the connection between the research information system Metis and the repositories.

## Superseded by ORCID

The DAI was part of the national knowledge infrastructure, but the (Dutch) scientific community, has been using other identifiers as well, such as ORCID, ResearcherID, and ScopusId. In the Netherlands, in 2025, the research community seems to have been converging towards using ORCID as the national identifier based on the fact that universities, and the KNAW promote the use of ORCID, not DAI.