# Lufeng Formation

The Lufeng Formation (formerly Lower Lufeng Series) is a Lower Jurassic sedimentary rock formation found in Yunnan, China. It has two units: the lower Dull Purplish Beds/Shawan Member are of Hettangian age, and Dark Red Beds/Zhangjia'ao Member are of Sinemurian age. It is known for its fossils of early dinosaurs. The Dull Purplish Beds have yielded the possible therizinosaur Eshanosaurus, the possible theropod Lukousaurus, and the "prosauropods" "Gyposaurus" sinensis, Lufengosaurus, Jingshanosaurus, and Yunnanosaurus. Dinosaurs discovered in the Dark Red Beds include the theropod Sinosaurus triassicus, the "prosauropods" "Gyposaurus", Lufengosaurus, and Yunnanosaurus, indeterminate remains of sauropods, and the early armored dinosaurs Bienosaurus and Tatisaurus.

## Paleofauna
### Rhynchocephalians

Rhynchocephalians reported from the Lufeng Formation :
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes |
| Clevosaurus | Indeterminate | Yunnan | | Partial skulls and jaws. | The three named species do not display any autapomorphic characters and should be considered indeterminate within the genus. Only record of rhynchocephalians from Asia. |

### Crurotarsans

Crurotarsans reported from the Lufeng Formation :
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes |
| Dianchungosaurus | D. lufengensis | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | | Formerly considered an ornithopod dinosaur. |

### Ornithischians

Indeterminate ornithopod remains Yunnan. Dark Red Beds.
Ornithischians reported from the Lufeng Formation :
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes |
| Bienosaurus | B. lufengensis | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | A right "[d]entary with teeth," with additional cranial fragments such as a partial frontal. These specimens are catalogued as IVPP V 9612. The dentary preserves 11 teeth or roots with two additional empty alveoli. | |
| Tatisaurus | T. oehleri | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | "Isolated dentary." | |

### Sauropodomorphs

| Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon | Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited. |
Sauropodomorphs reported from the Lufeng Formation :
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Chuxiongosaurus | C. lufengensis | Yunnan | | "Skull | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Gyposaurus | G. sinensis | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds Dull Purplish Beds | "[Two] skeletons, [one] with partial skull, [two] partial skeletons, [three] skull fragments, adult." | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Fulengia | F. youngi | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | "Skull." | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Jingshanosaurus | J. xinwaensis | Yunnan | Dull Purplish Beds | "Complete skeleton with skull, adult." | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| "Kunmingosaurus" | "K. wusdingensis" | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | | nomen nudum | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Lishulong | L. wangi | Yunnan | Shawan Member | Skull and cervical vertebrae 2–10 | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Lufengosaurus | L. huenei | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds Dull Purplish | | "(including Gyposaurus sinensis, L. magnus)" | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Lufengosaurus | L. magnus | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds Dull Purplish | | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Tawasaurus | T. minor | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Xingxiulong | X. chengi | Yunnan | | | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Xingxiulong | X. yueorum | Yunnan | Zhangjiaao Member | LF2015-NO01, an articulated postcranial skeleton | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Yizhousaurus | Y. sunae | Yunnan | Zhangjiaao Member | Partial skeleton with skull | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Yunnanosaurus | Y. huangi | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds Dull Purplish | "More than [twenty] partial to complete skeletons, [two] skulls, juvenile to adult." | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |
| Yunnanosaurus | Y. robustus | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds Dull Purplish | | | "Gyposaurus" sinensis Jingshanosaurus Lishulong Lufengosaurus Xingxiulong Yunnanosaurus |

### Theropods

Theropods reported from the Lower Lufeng Formation :
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Eshanosaurus | E. deguchiianus | Yunnan | Dull Purplish Beds | "Dentary." | Possible therizinosaur | Sinosaurus triassicus |
| Lukousaurus | L. yini | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds Dull Purplish Beds | Holotype skull, tooth Three bone fragments | Possible crocodylomorph | Sinosaurus triassicus |
| Sinosaurus | S. triassicus | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds Dull Purplish Beds | Maxillary fragments, teeth, and a lower jaw fragment Incomplete skull and other post-cranial fragments | Dilophosaurus sinensis specimen Now included in Sinosaurus | Sinosaurus triassicus |
| Panguraptor | P. lufengensis | Yunnan | Dull Purplish Beds | Partial skeleton | A coelophysid | Sinosaurus triassicus |

### Cynodonts

Cynodonts reported from the Lufeng Formation :
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Bienotherium | B. yuannanese B. magnum | | | | A tritylodontid | Skull of Morganucodon oehleri |
| Dianzhongia | D. longirostrata | | | | A tritylodontid | Skull of Morganucodon oehleri |
| Hadrocodium | H. wui | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | Skull | One of the oldest and smallest mammaliaforms known. Indicates a correlation between the separation of the middle ear bones from the mandible and the expanded brain vault in early mammals. | Skull of Morganucodon oehleri |
| Lufengia | L. delicata | | | | A tritylodontid | Skull of Morganucodon oehleri |
| Morganucodon | M. oehleri M. heikuopengensis | | Zhangjiawa Member (M. heikuopengensis) Shawan Member (M. oehleri) | | A morganucodontan | Skull of Morganucodon oehleri |
| Sinoconodon | S. rigneyi | | Zhangjiawa Member | | A mammaliamorph closely related to Mammaliaformes | Skull of Morganucodon oehleri |
| Yunnanodon | Y. brevirostre | Yunnan | Dark Red Beds | | A tritylodontid | Skull of Morganucodon oehleri |