OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Berger v. New York

Berger v. New York, 388 U.S. 41 (1967), was a United States Supreme Court decision invalidating a New York law under the Fourth Amendment, because the statute authorized electronic eavesdropping without required procedural safeguards.

## Background

Under New York Code of Criminal Procedure § 813-a, police obtained an ex parte order to bug the office of attorney Ralph Berger. Based on evidence obtained by the surveillance, Berger was convicted of conspiracy to bribe a public official. The statute allowed electronic eavesdropping for up to two months upon a standard of "a reasonable ground to believe that evidence of a crime may be thus obtained." Further two-month extensions of the original order could be granted if investigators made a showing that such surveillance would be in the public interest. The statute required neither notice to the person surveilled nor any justification of such secrecy. The communications sought did not have to be described with any particularity; surveillance requests had to identify only the person targeted and the phone number to be tapped. Finally, the statute did not require a return on the warrant, so law enforcement officers did not have to account to a judge for their use of evidence gathered.

## Opinion of the Court

In an opinion written by Justice Tom C. Clark, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that section 813-a violated the Fourth Amendment, made enforceable against the states by the Fourteenth Amendment, because it lacked "adequate judicial supervision [and] protective procedures." Notably, the Court invalidated the law on its face rather than as applied to the petitioner. The Court likened such an indiscriminate grant of authority to search for any evidence of any crime to a general warrant, a tool used by British authorities in colonial America that the Fourth Amendment was enacted to outlaw. The Court held that conversations are protected by the Fourth Amendment, and that the use of electronic devices to capture conversations thus constituted a "search." This holding predates by several months the more famous case of Katz v. United States, which extended Fourth Amendment protection to a conversation in a public phone booth based on the speaker's reasonable expectation of privacy.

## Legacy

Academic Colin Agur argues that Berger, along with Katz v. United States, were responses by the Court to police and government abuse of telephone surveillance. Berger, specifically, limited police wiretapping when it struck down the New York statute for being overly broad.
# Andrea Lindholz

Andrea Lindholz (born 25 September 1970) is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Social Union (CSU) who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Bavaria since 2013. She represents the Aschaffenburg constituency.

## Early career

Born in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Lindholz studied law at the Goethe University Frankfurt and the University of Würzburg. Since 2000, she has been practicing as a lawyer specialized on family law in Aschaffenburg.

## Political career

Lindholz first became a member of the Bundestag in the 2013 German federal election. She is a member of the Committee for Home Affairs. Since 2018, she has also been a member of the Committee for the Scrutiny of Acoustic Surveillance of the Private Home and the Parliamentary Oversight Panel (PKGr), which provides parliamentary oversight of Germany’s intelligence services BND, BfV and MAD.
In the negotiations to form a fourth coalition government under the leadership of Chancellor Angela Merkel following the 2017 federal elections, Lindholz was part of the working group on internal and legal affairs, led by Thomas de Maizière, Stephan Mayer and Heiko Maas.
Since 2021, Lindholz has been serving as one her parliamentary group's deputy chairs, under the leadership of successive chairs Ralph Brinkhaus (2021–2022) and Friedrich Merz (2022–present). In this capacity, she oversees the group’s legislative activities on internal and legal affairs.
In 2023, Lindholz joined a cross-party working group on dogs.

## Other activities

* Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe Foundation, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Technisches Hilfswerk (Federal Agency for Technical Relief), Vice President of the Federal Association
* Foundation "Remembrance, Responsibility and Future“ (EVZ), Deputy Member of the Board of Trustees
* Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship, Deputy Member of the Board of Trustees
* St Barbara Foundation, Member of the Board of Trustees

## Political positions

In June 2017, Lindholz voted against Germany's introduction of same-sex marriage.
# Élise Romba

Elise Romba (born 11 July 1997 in Villefontaine) is a French professional squash player. As of February 2025, she was ranked number 101 in the world.
# Super featherweight

Super featherweight, also known as junior lightweight, is a weight division in professional boxing, contested between 126 pounds (57 kg) and 130 pounds (59 kg).
The super featherweight division was established by the New York Walker Law in 1920, although first founded by the New York State Athletic Commission (NYSAC) in 1930. The first English champion was "Battling Kid" Nelson in 1914, who lost his title to Benny Berger in 1915. Artie O’Leary also won this title in 1917. This weight class appeared into two distinct historical periods, from 1921 to 1933 and 1960 to the present.
Some of the notable fighters to hold championship titles at this weight include Brian Mitchell, Arturo Gatti, Josh Warrington, Vasiliy Lomachenko, Flash Elorde, Alexis Argüello, Azumah Nelson, Julio César Chávez, Diego Corrales, Floyd Mayweather Jr., Érik Morales, Marco Antonio Barrera, Acelino Freitas, Juan Manuel Márquez, Oscar De La Hoya, Rocky Lockridge, and Manny Pacquiao. The first World Boxing Association (previously known as the National Boxing Association up until 1962) champion was Johnny Dundee in 1922. The first World Boxing Council champion was Gabriel Elorde in 1963. The inaugural champion for the International Boxing Federation was Hwan-Kil Yuh in 1984. The first World Boxing Organisation champion was John John Molina in 1989.

## Current world champions

| Sanctioning body | Reign began | Champion | Record | Defenses |
| WBA | November 25, 2023 | Lamont Roach Jr. | 25–1–2 (9 KO) | 1 |
| WBC | November 2, 2024 | O'Shaquie Foster | 26–3 (12 KO) | 0 |
| IBF | | Vacant | | |
| WBO | February 3, 2023 | Emanuel Navarrete | 39–2–1 (33 KO) | 3 |

## Current world rankings
### The Ring

As of February 26, 2025.
Keys:
    C Current The Ring world champion
| Rank | Name | Record | Title(s) |
| C | vacant | | |
| 1 | Emanuel Navarrete | 39–2–1 (32 KO) | WBO |
| 2 | O'Shaquie Foster | 23–3 (12 KO) | WBC |
| 3 | Anthony Cacace | 23–1 (8 KO) | |
| 4 | Lamont Roach Jr. | 25–1–2 (9 KO) | WBA |
| 5 | Joe Cordina | 17–1 (9 KO) | |
| 6 | Robson Conceição | 19–3–1–1 (9 KO) | |
| 7 | Eduardo Nunez | 27–1 (27 KO) | |
| 8 | Albert Batyrgaziev | 13–0 (8 KO) | |
| 9 | Eduardo Hernández | 36–2 (32 KO) | |
| 10 | Albert Bell | 26–0–0–1 (9 KO) | |

### BoxRec

As of 5 January 2024.
| Rank | Name | Record | Title(s) |
| 1 | Emanuel Navarrete | 38–2–1 (31 KO) | WBO |
| 2 | O'Shaquie Foster | 22–3 (12 KO) | |
| 3 | Joe Cordina | 17–1 (9 KO) | |
| 4 | Shavkatdzhon Rakhimov | 17–2–1 (14 KO) | |
| 5 | Lamont Roach Jr. | 25–1–1 (9 KO) | WBA (Regular) |
| 6 | Masanori Rikiishi | 15–1 (10 KO) | |
| 7 | Robson Conceição | 19–2–1–1 (8 KO) | WBC |
| 8 | Mark Magsayo | 26–2 (17 KO) | |
| 9 | Elnur Samedov | 17–1 (7 KO) | |
| 10 | Anthony Cacace | 22–1 (8 KO) | IBF |
# Marty Roebuck

Marty Roebuck (born 10 January 1965 in Lithgow, New South Wales) is an Australian former rugby union footballer who represented New South Wales Waratahs and the Australian Wallabies as a fullback.

## Early life and education

Roebuck was educated at St Stanislaus College, Bathurst; the University of Sydney's Cumberland (Faculty of Health Sciences) Campus, Lidcombe; and University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, Darlinghurst.

## Career

Roebuck was a physiotherapist and played rugby in his spare time when the game was an amateur sport.
Since 2015, Roebuck had graduated as a medical doctor from the Notre Dame University in Sydney. He is currently continuing his medical profession as a general practitioner.

### Sporting career

A Test regular from his debut in 1991 against Wales, in the 63–3 annihilation in which he scored two tries, Roebuck went on to win the 1991 Rugby World Cup with Australia. On the tour to Europe, he took kicking duties from Michael Lynagh who had been Australia's regular kicker since 1984. In 1991, his Waratahs team went through the competition undefeated.
Roebuck's 23rd and final Test was against France on 6 November 1993, with the Wallabies winning 24–3. Roebuck scored all the points except for Tim Gavin's try. He announced his retirement immediately after the game.
# Orlik

Orlik may refer to:

## People

* Orlik (surname)
* Marian Bernaciak (1917-1946), Polish partisan leader whose nom de guerre was Orlik ("Little Eagle")

## Places

* Orlik, Pomeranian Voivodeship, north Poland
* Orlik, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, north Poland
* Orlik, Atyrau Region, Kazakhstan
* Orlik, Russia, several rural localities in Russia
* Orlik, Pomeranian Voivodeship

## In aviation

* PZL-130 Orlik, a Polish turboprop trainer aircraft
* Orlik Aerobatic Team, a Polish aerobatic team flying the PZL-130 Orlik
* Warsztaty Szybowcowe Orlik, Polish glider series

## Other

* Orlik (armoured train)
* Orlik Opole, ice hockey team in Opole, Poland
# Junip

Junip is a Swedish folk rock band. The band is made up of the duo of José González (vocals, guitars) and Tobias Winterkorn (organ, Moog synthesizer) with various accompanying musicians in recordings and in live gigs. Their songs "Far Away" and "Don't Let It Pass" have been used in the film The Secret Life of Walter Mitty and an acoustic version of "Far Away" has been used in the video game Red Dead Redemption. Their song "Line of Fire" was used twice in The Blacklist.

## History

The band was formed in 1998, by childhood friends José González and Elias Araya along with Tobias Winterkorn. The group was formed as a hobby for the three, who at the time held other occupations: Winterkorn was a part-time teacher, Araya an art student and González was studying biochemistry. In 2000 they released their first EP, Straight Lines.
The band was put on hold when, in 2003, González's solo career took off, at which time he left his studies and started touring and living from music. In 2005, the band released its second EP, Black Refuge, after which González again embarked on a solo tour.
The band released their first full-length album, Fields, in 2010. On its subsequent tour, the band's live lineup was expanded to include bass and percussion. Three years later, Junip released their self-titled second album. After the recording of the album and before going on its supporting tour, Araya left the band, being replaced on live performances by other drummers.
Their song "Without You" was featured in the last episode of the ABC Family series The Nine Lives of Chloe King on August 16, 2011, and on the "Rewind" episode of the USA Network series Suits on August 9, 2012. On September 22, 2013, their song "Line of Fire" was featured as the background music for a short recap of the AMC series Breaking Bad, which aired immediately after the series' penultimate episode. The song "Tide" was featured in an episode of the NBC series The Blacklist, in Episode 17 Season 1 of the CW supernatural drama The Originals and in episode 18 of season 1 of Elementary. Their music was again featured on Suits when "After All is Said and Done" was played in Season 4 Episode 3 "Two in the Knees." Furthermore, their song was also featured near the end of Episode 5 of Season 1 of Flaked. In 2016 "After All Is Said and Done" provided the backing soundtrack to the last scenes of Frequency Season 1 Episode 3.
The group wrote "Don't Let It Pass" for the 2013 Ben Stiller film The Secret Life of Walter Mitty.
Their song "Walking Lightly" was featured in the TV series Lethal Weapon at the end of Season 1 Episode 15 "As Good as It Getz".

## Discography
### Albums

| Year | Album | Peak positions |
| Year | Album | SWE |
| 2010 | Fields | 41 |
| 2013 | Junip | 55 |

### EPs

* Straight Lines (2000)
* Black Refuge EP (2005)
* Rope and Summit EP (2010)
* In Every Direction EP (2011)

### Singles

* "Always" (2010)
* "In Every Direction" (2011)
* "Walking Lightly" (2013)
* "Line of Fire" (2013)
* "Your Life Your Call" (2013)

### Music videos

* "Without You"
* "In Every Direction"
* "Your Life Your Call"
* Line of Fire"
* "Walking Lightly"
# Abdesslam Benabdellah

Abdesslam Benabdellah (Arabic: عبد السلام بن عبد الله, born on 12 January 1964), is an Algerian former football player who played as a goalkeeper.

## Honours
### National

* Won the Algerian Cup once with USM Bel-Abbès in 1991
* Won the Algerian Championship twice with MC Oran in 1992 and 1993
* Won the Algerian Cup once with MC Oran in 1996
* Won the Algerian League Cup once with MC Oran in 1996
* Won the Moroccan Cup once with Wydad AC Casablanca in 1998
* Runner-up of the Algerian League once with MC Oran in 2000

### International

* Won the Arab Super Cup once with MC Oran in 1999

### Individual

* Best Algerian goalkeeper twice in 1994 and 1995
# Rosamond Joscelyne Mitchell

Rosamond Joscelyne Mitchell (13 June 1902 – 19 November 1963) was an English historian, writer and archivist.
She won the Royal Historical Society's Alexander Medal in 1936, and in 1938 won the British Archaeological Association's Reginald Taylor Prize. Roberto Weiss cited her in his book Humanism in England during the Fifteenth Century and she cited him in her book John Free, From Bristol to Rome in the Fifteenth Century. After marrying John Alan Leys, "she chose not to seek an academic post".
# Kennevic Asuncion

Kennevic Asuncion (Chinese: 洪育雄; born March 21, 1980) is a male badminton player from the Philippines. He was born in Barbaza, Antique and is the son of former Philippine Badminton Team Coach Nelson Asuncion. He plays doubles with his sister Kennie Asuncion.
The brother-sister team used to host a now defunct local badminton TV show, Badminton Extreme along with their father. The show was canceled due to the siblings' training for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. In its steed a magazine called Badminton Extreme was released.
He won several international tournaments including the Peru Open.

## Career

Asuncion played at the 2006 Philippine Open Grand Prix Gold in mixed doubles. He beat Indonesia's Tri Kusharjanto and Minarti Timur 21-15, 21-10 before losing to Sudket Prapakamol and Saralee Thungthongkam of Thailand in the finals.
He played for the 2009 Sudirman Cup in Guangzhou, China; with the other Filipino players, including his sister Kennie. They showed good results in the said mixed team championships where they beat South Africa with a 1-4 score, before losing to Switzerland 4-1.
He is currently coaching the University of the Philippines and in the International School Manila' Badminton Team.

## Achievements
### BWF Grand Prix

The BWF Grand Prix had two levels, the BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. It was a series of badminton tournaments sanctioned by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) which was held from 2007 to 2017. The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) from 1983 to 2006.
Mixed doubles
| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2006 | Philippines Open | Kennie Asuncion | Sudket Prapakamol Saralee Thungthongkam | 18–21, 16–21 | Runner-up |
    BWF Grand Prix Gold tournament
    BWF & IBF Grand Prix tournament

### BWF International Challenge/Series (5 titles)

Mixed Doubles
| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2005 | Peru International | Kennie Asuncion | José Antonio Crespo Yoana Martinez | 15-11, 12-15, 15-12 | Winner |
| 2006 | Ballarat International | Kennie Asuncion | Renuga Veeran Raj Veeran | 18-21, 21-14, 21-17 | Winner |
| 2006 | North Harbour International | Kennie Asuncion | Daniel Shirley Gabby Shirley | 17-21, 21-17, 21-13 | Winner |
| 2010 | Maldives International | Karyn Velez | Udara Nayanajith Chandrika de Silva | 24-22, 17-21, 21-13 | Winner |
| 2010 | Lao International | Kennie Asuncion | Siriwat Matayanumati Pattaraporn Jindapol | 11-21, 21-16, 21-17 | Winner |
    BWF International Challenge tournament
    BWF International Series tournament
    BWF Future Series tournament
# Ernie Bowman

Ernest Ferrell Bowman (July 28, 1935 – August 4, 2019) was an American professional baseball player, an infielder who appeared in 165 games in Major League Baseball for the San Francisco Giants from 1961 to 1963. Born in Johnson City, Tennessee, he batted and threw right-handed, stood 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) tall and weighed 160 pounds (73 kg).
Bowman was signed by the New York Giants as an amateur in 1956 after he attended East Tennessee State University. His professional career would encompass 14 seasons, although he spent only two full campaigns (1962–63) in the big leagues.
As a member of the San Francisco Giants, he served as the primary backup to the club's regular shortstop, José Pagán, and second baseman, Chuck Hiller. He was a member of the 1962 National League champion Giants. On August 23, his only MLB home run off Al Jackson of the New York Mets at the Polo Grounds was a key blow in San Francisco's 2–1 victory. He also appeared in two games of the Giants' tie-breaker series against the Los Angeles Dodgers, and in two games of the 1962 World Series against the New York Yankees. In the latter series, Bowman batted once against Marshall Bridges in Game 4 at Yankee Stadium and flied out to right fielder Roger Maris.
Bowman remained with the Giants through the 1963 season, when he appeared in a career-high 81 games, including 26 as the starting shortstop and another two as the starting second baseman. At the end of the season, he was traded to the Milwaukee Braves in a seven-player deal whose principals included Felipe Alou, Ed Bailey, Bob Shaw and Del Crandall. But the Braves sent Bowman to Triple-A in 1964, and he never appeared again in the major leagues. Altogether, he collected 39 hits during his big-league career, including four doubles, two triples and his one home run. He batted .190 and collected ten runs batted in. He retired in 1969.
Ernie Bowman died at his home in Johnson City on August 4, 2019.
# William "Nipper" Truscott

William John "Nipper" Truscott Jr. (9 October 1886 in Lithgow, New South Wales – 20 June 1966 in East Fremantle, Western Australia) was an Australian sportsman. He played over 300 games of Australian rules football for Mines Rovers in the Goldfields Football League (GFL) and East Fremantle in the West Australian Football League, and represented Western Australia at football, cricket and lawn bowls. He was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1985 and the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 1996.

## Early life

Born to Susannah (née Strickland) and William John Truscott in Lithgow, Truscott grew up in Sydney where he played rugby football. He moved with his family to Kalgoorlie on the Western Australian Goldfields at the age of 14, and began playing for the Trafalgar Football Club's junior side.

## Football career

Truscott was a durable rover (175 cm, 66 kg), who played to age 41. Lithgow born Truscott was a doyen of West Australian football, and an all round sportsman, once representing Western Australia in a first-class cricket match as a wicket-keeper and also playing bowls. Partnered by Harry Snook, he won an Australian pairs bowls title in 1955.
Nicknamed 'Nipper' as a boy for his quickness in Rugby Union, he grew up in Sydney, only taking up Australian rules football when his family moved to the goldfields in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia in 1899. He was an exceptional player for Mines Rovers club at a time when the Goldfields League was considered to be almost the equal of any other league in the country. Truscott was chosen to represent Western Australia in the 1908 national carnival side – the first of his record five carnival appearances over 18 years.
Having married in 1912 he then moved to Perth where he became a postmaster. He commenced in the 1913 season with the East Fremantle Football Club, and quickly established himself as the WAFL's leading centreman. His ability to pass the ball (always with a drop kick) accurately to teammates was a feature of his play. He played in three premiership teams and in seven that were runners-up. He later acted as coach, club and State selector, club secretary and delegate.
Truscott died at the age of 79, on 20 June 1966 in Western Australia. He was an inaugural member of the Western Australian Institute's Hall of Fame in August 1985, and in the same year he was listed in the Sport Australia Hall of Fame.
Truscott was made a member of the Fremantle Football Club created Fremantle Football Hall of Legends in 1996. In 2004 he was awarded Legend Status in the West Australian Football Hall of Fame. The Nipper Truscott Pavilion at East Fremantle Oval is named in his honour.
In 1996 Truscott was inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame.
# Boualem Benmalek

Boualem Benmalek (born 30 January 1989) is an Algerian professional footballer. He is currently NC Magra in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 2.

## International career

On 16 November 2011 Benmalek was selected as part of Algeria's squad for the 2011 CAF U-23 Championship in Morocco.
# Joe Ginsberg

Myron Nathan "Joe" Ginsberg (October 11, 1926 – November 2, 2012) was an American professional baseball player. A catcher, he played for seven Major League Baseball teams: the Detroit Tigers (1948 and 1950–53), Cleveland Indians (1953–54), Kansas City Athletics (1956), Baltimore Orioles (1956–60), Chicago White Sox (1960–61), Boston Red Sox (1961) and New York Mets (1962).

## Early life

Ginsberg was Jewish. He was born in Manhattan, and attended Cooley High School in Detroit, Michigan.

## Baseball career

Ginsberg batted left-handed, threw right-handed, and was listed as 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) tall and 180 pounds (82 kg). In his 13 MLB seasons he played in 695 games (520 of them for the Tigers and Orioles), and had 1,716 at bats, 168 runs, 414 hits, 59 doubles, eight triples, 20 home runs, 182 RBIs, seven stolen bases, 226 walks, a .241 batting average, .332 on-base percentage, 17 sacrifice hits, 13 sacrifice flies and nine intentional walks.
As a Tiger, Ginsberg caught the first of Virgil Trucks' two no-hitters on the 1952 season, on May 15.

## Death

Ginsberg died on November 2, 2012, in West Bloomfield, Michigan, at the age of 86.