# Iron County, Wisconsin

Iron County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,137, making it the third-least populous county in Wisconsin. Its county seat is Hurley. It was named for the valuable iron ore found within its borders. The county overlaps with small parts of the Bad River and Lac du Flambeau Indian reservations.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 919 square miles (2,380 km$^2$), of which 758 square miles (1,960 km$^2$) is land and 161 square miles (420 km$^2$) (18%) is water.

### Adjacent counties

* Vilas County - east, southeast
* Price County - southwest
* Ashland County - west
* Gogebic County, Michigan - northeast

### Major highways

| U.S. Highway 2 U.S. Highway 51 Highway 47 (Wisconsin) Highway 77 (Wisconsin) | Highway 122 (Wisconsin) Highway 169 (Wisconsin) Highway 182 (Wisconsin) |

### County Highways

* CTH-A
* CTH-B
* CTH-C
* CTH-CC
* CTH-D
* CTH-FF
* CTH-G
* CTH-H
* CTH-J

### Railroads

* Watco

### Airport

* KIWD - Gogebic-Iron County Airport – Commercial air service is available.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, the population was 6,137. The population density was 8.1 people per square mile (3.1 people/km$^2$). There were 5,523 housing units at an average density of 7.3 units per square mile (2.8 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 95.0% White, 1.1% Native American, 0.3% Black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 1.2% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

### 2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 5,916 people living in the county. 97.9% were White, 0.6% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% Black or African American, 0.2% of some other race and 0.9% of two or more races. 0.6% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 22.9% were of German, 13.7% Italian, 12.6% Finnish, 8.2% Polish, 6.6% American and 5.4% Irish ancestry.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 6,861 people, 3,083 households, and 1,960 families living in the county. The population density was 9 people per square mile (3.5 people/km$^2$). There were 5,706 housing units at an average density of 8 units per square mile (3.1 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 98.28% White, 0.09% Black or African American, 0.60% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.06% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. 0.66% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 20.9% were of German, 18.6% Italian, 15.2% Finnish, 9.3% Polish and 6.4% Irish ancestry. 97.1% spoke English as their first language.
There were 3,083 households, out of which 22.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.00% were married couples living together, 7.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.40% were non-families. 32.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.74.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 19.40% under the age of 18, 5.90% from 18 to 24, 24.70% from 25 to 44, 26.80% from 45 to 64, and 23.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 96.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.80 males.
In 2017, there were 34 births, giving a general fertility rate of 46.1 births per 1000 women aged 15–44, the 2nd lowest rate out of 72 Wisconsin counties. 13 of the births were to unmarried mothers, 21 were to married mothers. Additionally, there were no reported induced abortions performed on women of Iron County residence in 2017.

## Communities
### Cities

* Hurley (county seat)
* Montreal

### Towns

* Anderson
* Carey
* Gurney
* Kimball
* Knight
* Mercer
* Oma
* Pence
* Saxon
* Sherman

### Census-designated places

* Iron Belt
* Mercer
* Pence
* Saxon

### Unincorporated communities

* Carter
* Cedar
* Germania
* Gurney
* Hoyt
* Kimball
* Manitowish
* Pine Lake
* Orva
* Powell
* Rouse
* Springstead
* Tyler Forks
* Upson
* Van Buskirk

## Historical sites

The National Register of Historic Places lists the following historic sites in Iron County:
| Site | Area of significance | Year added |
| Annala Round Barn | Architecture, agriculture | 1979 |
| Montreal Company Location Historic District | Landscape architecture, community planning and development, industry | 1980 |
| Old Iron County Courthouse | Politics/government, architecture | 1977 |
| Plummer Mine Headframe | Engineering, industry | 1997 |
| Springstead | Architecture, exploration/settlement | 1997 |

## Politics

United States presidential election results for Iron County, Wisconsin :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 2,557 | 62.61% | 1,487 | 36.41% | 40 | 0.98% |
| 2020 | 2,438 | 60.80% | 1,533 | 38.23% | 39 | 0.97% |
| 2016 | 2,081 | 59.24% | 1,275 | 36.29% | 157 | 4.47% |
| 2012 | 1,790 | 49.28% | 1,784 | 49.12% | 58 | 1.60% |
| 2008 | 1,464 | 42.66% | 1,914 | 55.77% | 54 | 1.57% |
| 2004 | 1,884 | 48.57% | 1,956 | 50.43% | 39 | 1.01% |
| 2000 | 1,734 | 49.44% | 1,620 | 46.19% | 153 | 4.36% |
| 1996 | 1,260 | 35.68% | 1,725 | 48.85% | 546 | 15.46% |
| 1992 | 1,273 | 32.72% | 1,762 | 45.28% | 856 | 22.00% |
| 1988 | 1,599 | 43.04% | 2,090 | 56.26% | 26 | 0.70% |
| 1984 | 1,667 | 45.63% | 1,967 | 53.85% | 19 | 0.52% |
| 1980 | 1,811 | 45.04% | 1,941 | 48.27% | 269 | 6.69% |
| 1976 | 1,340 | 35.26% | 2,399 | 63.13% | 61 | 1.61% |
| 1972 | 1,723 | 49.93% | 1,648 | 47.75% | 80 | 2.32% |
| 1968 | 1,137 | 34.30% | 1,913 | 57.71% | 265 | 7.99% |
| 1964 | 963 | 27.67% | 2,514 | 72.24% | 3 | 0.09% |
| 1960 | 1,290 | 30.94% | 2,873 | 68.90% | 7 | 0.17% |
| 1956 | 1,930 | 46.22% | 2,226 | 53.30% | 20 | 0.48% |
| 1952 | 1,733 | 39.24% | 2,662 | 60.28% | 21 | 0.48% |
| 1948 | 1,281 | 30.43% | 2,665 | 63.32% | 263 | 6.25% |
| 1944 | 1,345 | 31.51% | 2,894 | 67.81% | 29 | 0.68% |
| 1940 | 1,672 | 31.73% | 3,525 | 66.90% | 72 | 1.37% |
| 1936 | 902 | 20.78% | 3,319 | 76.46% | 120 | 2.76% |
| 1932 | 891 | 25.29% | 2,338 | 66.36% | 294 | 8.35% |
| 1928 | 1,274 | 40.68% | 1,724 | 55.04% | 134 | 4.28% |
| 1924 | 1,058 | 40.17% | 84 | 3.19% | 1,492 | 56.64% |
| 1920 | 1,714 | 77.70% | 268 | 12.15% | 224 | 10.15% |
| 1916 | 672 | 54.63% | 475 | 38.62% | 83 | 6.75% |
| 1912 | 473 | 39.98% | 347 | 29.33% | 363 | 30.68% |
| 1908 | 1,134 | 73.92% | 314 | 20.47% | 86 | 5.61% |
| 1904 | 1,250 | 81.12% | 246 | 15.96% | 45 | 2.92% |
| 1900 | 1,318 | 76.81% | 356 | 20.75% | 42 | 2.45% |
| 1896 | 1,288 | 72.04% | 472 | 26.40% | 28 | 1.57% |
From 1928 to 1996, Iron County voted Democratic in presidential elections, the only exception being Richard Nixon's landslide in 1972. In 2000, George W. Bush became only the second Republican since 1920 to carry Iron County despite narrowly losing the national popular vote, and the county remained a competitive county for the next three elections, narrowly voting for Kerry in 2004 and for Romney in 2012. Recent elections have seen the county trend solidly Republican however; in 2016, Trump won the county with 59.2% (the first time a Republican had won an outright majority in the county since 1920), and in 2020, he increased his vote share to 60.8%, and further expanding it to 62.6% (a difference of 1,070 votes) in 2024.