# October 1948 lunar eclipse

A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Monday, October 18, 1948, with an umbral magnitude of −0.0571. It was a relatively rare total penumbral lunar eclipse, with the Moon passing entirely within the penumbral shadow without entering the darker umbral shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 4.2 days after apogee (on October 13, 1948, at 22:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

## Visibility

The eclipse was completely visible over eastern North America, South America, west Africa, and western Europe, seen rising over western North America and the eastern Pacific Ocean and setting over east Africa, eastern Europe, and the western half of Asia.

## Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
October 18, 1948 Lunar Eclipse Parameters :
| Parameter | Value |
| Penumbral Magnitude | 1.01405 |
| Umbral Magnitude | −0.05712 |
| Gamma | −1.02452 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 13h31m13.7s |
| Sun Declination | -09°32'38.5" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'03.4" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.8" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 01h32m57.9s |
| Moon Declination | +08°42'28.9" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 14'59.4" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°55'00.9" |
| ΔT | 28.6 s |

## Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
Eclipse season of October–November 1948 :
| October 18 Ascending node (full moon) | November 1 Descending node (new moon) |
| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 116 | Total solar eclipse Solar Saros 142 |

## Related eclipses
### Eclipses in 1948

* A partial lunar eclipse on April 23.
* An annular solar eclipse on May 9.
* A penumbral lunar eclipse on October 18.
* A total solar eclipse on November 1.

### Metonic

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of December 29, 1944
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 5, 1952

### Tzolkinex

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 5, 1941
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 29, 1955

### Half-Saros

* Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 12, 1939
* Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 23, 1957

### Tritos

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 18, 1937
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of September 17, 1959

### Lunar Saros 116

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of October 7, 1930
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of October 29, 1966

### Inex

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 7, 1919
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of September 27, 1977

### Triad

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of December 17, 1861
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 19, 2035

### Lunar eclipses of 1948–1951

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.
The penumbral lunar eclipses on February 21, 1951 and August 17, 1951 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
Lunar eclipse series sets from 1948 to 1951 :
| Descending node | Descending node | Descending node | Descending node | Ascending node | Ascending node | Ascending node | Ascending node |
| Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma |
| 111 | 1948 Apr 23 | Partial | 1.0017 | 116 | 1948 Oct 18 | Penumbral | −1.0245 |
| 121 | 1949 Apr 13 | Total | 0.2474 | 126 | 1949 Oct 07 | Total | −0.3219 |
| 131 | 1950 Apr 02 | Total | −0.4599 | 136 | 1950 Sep 26 | Total | 0.4101 |
| 141 | 1951 Mar 23 | Penumbral | −1.2099 | 146 | 1951 Sep 15 | Penumbral | 1.1187 |

### Saros 116

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 116, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 73 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on March 11, 993 AD. It contains partial eclipses from June 16, 1155 through September 11, 1299; total eclipses from September 21, 1317 through July 11, 1786; and a second set of partial eclipses from July 22, 1804 through October 7, 1930. The series ends at member 73 as a penumbral eclipse on May 14, 2291.
The longest duration of totality was produced by member 40 at 102 minutes, 40 seconds on May 16, 1696. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.
| Greatest | First | First | First | First |
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1696 May 16, lasting 102 minutes, 40 seconds. | Penumbral | Partial | Total | Central |
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1696 May 16, lasting 102 minutes, 40 seconds. | 993 Mar 11 | 1155 Jun 16 | 1317 Sep 21 | 1588 Mar 13 |
| Last ||||
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1696 May 16, lasting 102 minutes, 40 seconds. | Central | Total | Partial | Penumbral |
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1696 May 16, lasting 102 minutes, 40 seconds. | 1750 Jun 19 | 1786 Jul 11 | 1930 Oct 07 | 2291 May 14 |
Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
Series members 46–67 occur between 1801 and 2200: :
| 46 | 46 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 48 |
| 1804 Jul 22 | 1804 Jul 22 | 1822 Aug 03 | 1822 Aug 03 | 1840 Aug 13 | 1840 Aug 13 |
| 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 51 |
| 1858 Aug 24 | 1858 Aug 24 | 1876 Sep 03 | 1876 Sep 03 | 1894 Sep 15 | 1894 Sep 15 |
| 52 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 54 | 54 |
| 1912 Sep 26 | 1912 Sep 26 | 1930 Oct 07 | 1930 Oct 07 | 1948 Oct 18 | 1948 Oct 18 |
| 55 | 55 | 56 | 56 | 57 | 57 |
| 1966 Oct 29 | 1966 Oct 29 | 1984 Nov 08 | 1984 Nov 08 | 2002 Nov 20 | 2002 Nov 20 |
| 58 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 60 | 60 |
| 2020 Nov 30 | 2020 Nov 30 | 2038 Dec 11 | 2038 Dec 11 | 2056 Dec 22 | 2056 Dec 22 |
| 61 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 |
| 2075 Jan 02 | 2075 Jan 02 | 2093 Jan 12 | 2093 Jan 12 | 2111 Jan 25 | 2111 Jan 25 |
| 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 |
| 2129 Feb 04 | 2129 Feb 04 | 2147 Feb 15 | 2147 Feb 15 | 2165 Feb 26 | 2165 Feb 26 |
| 67 ||
| 2183 Mar 09 ||

### Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
Series members between 1801 and 2200 :
| 1806 Nov 26 (Saros 103) | 1806 Nov 26 (Saros 103) | | | 1828 Sep 23 (Saros 105) | 1828 Sep 23 (Saros 105) | 1839 Aug 24 (Saros 106) | 1839 Aug 24 (Saros 106) | 1850 Jul 24 (Saros 107) | 1850 Jul 24 (Saros 107) |
| 1861 Jun 22 (Saros 108) | 1861 Jun 22 (Saros 108) | 1872 May 22 (Saros 109) | 1872 May 22 (Saros 109) | 1883 Apr 22 (Saros 110) | 1883 Apr 22 (Saros 110) | 1894 Mar 21 (Saros 111) | 1894 Mar 21 (Saros 111) | 1905 Feb 19 (Saros 112) | 1905 Feb 19 (Saros 112) |
| 1916 Jan 20 (Saros 113) | 1916 Jan 20 (Saros 113) | 1926 Dec 19 (Saros 114) | 1926 Dec 19 (Saros 114) | 1937 Nov 18 (Saros 115) | 1937 Nov 18 (Saros 115) | 1948 Oct 18 (Saros 116) | 1948 Oct 18 (Saros 116) | 1959 Sep 17 (Saros 117) | 1959 Sep 17 (Saros 117) |
| 1970 Aug 17 (Saros 118) | 1970 Aug 17 (Saros 118) | 1981 Jul 17 (Saros 119) | 1981 Jul 17 (Saros 119) | 1992 Jun 15 (Saros 120) | 1992 Jun 15 (Saros 120) | 2003 May 16 (Saros 121) | 2003 May 16 (Saros 121) | 2014 Apr 15 (Saros 122) | 2014 Apr 15 (Saros 122) |
| 2025 Mar 14 (Saros 123) | 2025 Mar 14 (Saros 123) | 2036 Feb 11 (Saros 124) | 2036 Feb 11 (Saros 124) | 2047 Jan 12 (Saros 125) | 2047 Jan 12 (Saros 125) | 2057 Dec 11 (Saros 126) | 2057 Dec 11 (Saros 126) | 2068 Nov 09 (Saros 127) | 2068 Nov 09 (Saros 127) |
| 2079 Oct 10 (Saros 128) | 2079 Oct 10 (Saros 128) | 2090 Sep 08 (Saros 129) | 2090 Sep 08 (Saros 129) | 2101 Aug 09 (Saros 130) | 2101 Aug 09 (Saros 130) | 2112 Jul 09 (Saros 131) | 2112 Jul 09 (Saros 131) | 2123 Jun 09 (Saros 132) | 2123 Jun 09 (Saros 132) |
| 2134 May 08 (Saros 133) | 2134 May 08 (Saros 133) | 2145 Apr 07 (Saros 134) | 2145 Apr 07 (Saros 134) | 2156 Mar 07 (Saros 135) | 2156 Mar 07 (Saros 135) | 2167 Feb 04 (Saros 136) | 2167 Feb 04 (Saros 136) | 2178 Jan 04 (Saros 137) | 2178 Jan 04 (Saros 137) |
| 2188 Dec 04 (Saros 138) | 2188 Dec 04 (Saros 138) | 2199 Nov 02 (Saros 139) | 2199 Nov 02 (Saros 139) |

### Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
Series members between 1801 and 2200 :
| 1804 Jan 26 (Saros 111) | 1804 Jan 26 (Saros 111) | 1833 Jan 06 (Saros 112) | 1833 Jan 06 (Saros 112) | 1861 Dec 17 (Saros 113) | 1861 Dec 17 (Saros 113) |
| 1890 Nov 26 (Saros 114) | 1890 Nov 26 (Saros 114) | 1919 Nov 07 (Saros 115) | 1919 Nov 07 (Saros 115) | 1948 Oct 18 (Saros 116) | 1948 Oct 18 (Saros 116) |
| 1977 Sep 27 (Saros 117) | 1977 Sep 27 (Saros 117) | 2006 Sep 07 (Saros 118) | 2006 Sep 07 (Saros 118) | 2035 Aug 19 (Saros 119) | 2035 Aug 19 (Saros 119) |
| 2064 Jul 28 (Saros 120) | 2064 Jul 28 (Saros 120) | 2093 Jul 08 (Saros 121) | 2093 Jul 08 (Saros 121) | 2122 Jun 20 (Saros 122) | 2122 Jun 20 (Saros 122) |
| 2151 May 30 (Saros 123) | 2151 May 30 (Saros 123) | 2180 May 09 (Saros 124) | 2180 May 09 (Saros 124) |

### Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros). This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 123.
| October 12, 1939 | October 23, 1957 |