# Wise County, Texas

Wise County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 68,632. Its county seat is Decatur. Wise County is part of the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan statistical area. Its Wise Eyes crime-watch program, eventually adopted by mostly rural counties in several states, was started in 1993 by then-Sheriff Phil Ryan.

## History

On November 10, 1837, the Battle of the Knobs was fought in what is now Wise County between about 150 Native American warriors and 18 Republic of Texas soldiers under Lieutenant A. B. Benthuysen. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the Texan soldiers held their ground, killing or wounding an estimated 50 Native Americans and losing 10 of their own men. More settlers began coming into the area not long afterward, with people relocating from both the Upper South and Deep South. Wise County was not founded until 1856. It was named after Virginia Congressman Henry A. Wise, who had supported annexation of Texas by the United States. He was elected governor of Virginia in 1856.
As few residents of Wise County were slaveholders, opinions were mixed at the time of the Civil War, and many people opposed secession. Unionists were persecuted in North Texas, and some were lynched. Forty-two men were murdered in the Great Hanging at Gainesville in October 1862, over the course of several days in neighboring Cooke County. This was one of the worst examples of vigilante justice in American history.
In recent years, Wise County allowed an increase in hydraulic fracturing. In 2011, the Parr family and others filed a lawsuit against several energy companies, including Republic Energy, Inc. and Ryder Scott Petroleum, claiming the extracting processes have created health complications for their family and neighbors. In April 2014, the Parrs won a $2.9 million award from a Dallas jury.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 923 sq mi (2,390 km$^2$), of which 18 sq mi (47 km$^2$) (2.0%) are covered by water.

### Adjacent counties

* Montague County (north)
* Cooke County (northeast)
* Denton County (east)
* Tarrant County (southeast)
* Parker County (south)
* Jack County (west)

### National protected area

* Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland (majority)

## Communities
### Cities

* Aurora
* Bridgeport
* Decatur (county seat)
* Fort Worth (mostly in Tarrant County with small parts in Denton, Johnson, Parker, and Wise Counties)
* Lake Bridgeport
* New Fairview
* Newark (small part in Tarrant County)
* Paradise
* Rhome
* Runaway Bay

### Towns

* Alvord
* Boyd
* Chico
* Crafton

### Census-designated places

* Briar (partly in Tarrant and Parker Counties)
* Pecan Acres (mostly in Tarrant County)

### Unincorporated communities

* Allison
* Balsora
* Boonsville
* Cottondale
* Greenwood
* Slidell
* Sycamore

## Demographics

Wise County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 41,991 | 47,122 | 50,495 | 86.06% | 79.70% | 73.57% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 584 | 573 | 657 | 1.20% | 0.97% | 0.96% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 309 | 341 | 474 | 0.63% | 0.58% | 0.69% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 107 | 234 | 372 | 0.22% | 0.40% | 0.54% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 21 | 15 | 12 | 0.04% | 0.03% | 0.02% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 20 | 35 | 172 | 0.04% | 0.06% | 0.25% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 513 | 695 | 2,756 | 1.05% | 1.18% | 4.02% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 5,248 | 10,112 | 13,694 | 10.76% | 17.10% | 19.95% |
| Total | 48,793 | 59,127 | 68,632 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
In 2000 there were 48,793 people, 17,178 households, and 13,467 families were residing in the county. The population density was 54 people per square mile (21 people/km$^2$). The 19,242 housing units averaged 21 units per square mile (8.1 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 91.01% White, 1.23% Black, 0.75% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 5.07% from other races, and 1.71% from two or more races. About 10.76% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. By 2020, its population increased to 68,632; the racial and ethnic makeup of the county in 2020 was predominantly non-Hispanic white, and Hispanic or Latino American of any race.
A Williams Institute analysis of 2010 census data found about 3.4 same-sex couples per 1,000 households in the county.
American Community Survey 2023 Data
The United States Census Bureau estimated that in 2023, Wise County’s population was 78,097. It was also estimated that the county was 21.5% Hispanic or Latino, 73.5% NH White, 1.8% NH Black, 0.6% NH Asian, 0.7% NH Native American, 0.1% NH Pacific Islander, 1.7% NH Multiracial.
| Race | Total | Percentage |
| Hispanic or Latino | 16,789 | 21.5% |
| NH White | 57,409 | 73.5% |
| NH Black | 1,428 | 1.8% |
| NH Asian | 506 | 0.6% |
| NH Native American | 564 | 0.7% |
| NH Pacific Islander | 57 | 0.1% |
| NH Multiracial | 1,344 | 1.7% |

## Politics

Wise County, like most rural counties in Texas, votes reliably for Republican candidates in statewide and national elections.
United States presidential election results for Wise County, Texas :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 32,385 | 84.68% | 5,605 | 14.66% | 253 | 0.66% |
| 2020 | 27,032 | 83.52% | 4,973 | 15.37% | 360 | 1.11% |
| 2016 | 20,670 | 83.43% | 3,412 | 13.77% | 694 | 2.80% |
| 2012 | 17,207 | 82.95% | 3,221 | 15.53% | 317 | 1.53% |
| 2008 | 15,973 | 77.39% | 4,471 | 21.66% | 195 | 0.94% |
| 2004 | 15,177 | 75.71% | 4,783 | 23.86% | 87 | 0.43% |
| 2000 | 11,234 | 68.63% | 4,830 | 29.51% | 304 | 1.86% |
| 1996 | 6,330 | 48.81% | 5,056 | 38.99% | 1,582 | 12.20% |
| 1992 | 4,555 | 33.57% | 4,478 | 33.00% | 4,535 | 33.42% |
| 1988 | 6,064 | 53.22% | 5,288 | 46.41% | 43 | 0.38% |
| 1984 | 6,958 | 64.11% | 3,856 | 35.53% | 39 | 0.36% |
| 1980 | 4,350 | 47.26% | 4,674 | 50.78% | 181 | 1.97% |
| 1976 | 2,856 | 35.64% | 5,133 | 64.06% | 24 | 0.30% |
| 1972 | 4,230 | 70.43% | 1,741 | 28.99% | 35 | 0.58% |
| 1968 | 1,983 | 33.82% | 2,774 | 47.31% | 1,107 | 18.88% |
| 1964 | 1,386 | 26.45% | 3,852 | 73.50% | 3 | 0.06% |
| 1960 | 2,562 | 50.72% | 2,470 | 48.90% | 19 | 0.38% |
| 1956 | 2,058 | 45.49% | 2,443 | 54.00% | 23 | 0.51% |
| 1952 | 2,309 | 42.49% | 3,121 | 57.43% | 4 | 0.07% |
| 1948 | 448 | 11.86% | 3,064 | 81.10% | 266 | 7.04% |
| 1944 | 444 | 11.16% | 3,114 | 78.26% | 421 | 10.58% |
| 1940 | 498 | 11.71% | 3,751 | 88.24% | 2 | 0.05% |
| 1936 | 348 | 11.26% | 2,737 | 88.58% | 5 | 0.16% |
| 1932 | 286 | 9.60% | 2,681 | 89.97% | 13 | 0.44% |
| 1928 | 2,141 | 66.20% | 1,093 | 33.80% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 532 | 14.61% | 2,958 | 81.24% | 151 | 4.15% |
| 1920 | 579 | 21.25% | 2,031 | 74.53% | 115 | 4.22% |
| 1916 | 263 | 10.73% | 2,023 | 82.57% | 164 | 6.69% |
| 1912 | 156 | 6.78% | 1,842 | 80.05% | 303 | 13.17% |

## Education

These school districts lie entirely within Wise County:
* Alvord Independent School District
* Boyd Independent School District
* Bridgeport Independent School District
* Chico Independent School District
* Decatur Independent School District
* Paradise Independent School District
* Slidell Independent School District
This private educational institution serves Wise County:
* Victory Christian Academy
This higher education institution serves Wise County:
* Weatherford College

## Transportation
### Major highways

* U.S. Highway 81
* U.S. Highway 287
* U.S. Highway 380
* State Highway 101
* State Highway 114
* State Highway 199

### Airports

These public-use airports are located in the county:
* Bishop Airport (76T)
* Bridgeport Municipal Airport (XBP)
* Decatur Municipal Airport (LUD)
* Heritage Creek Airstrip (58T)
* Rhome Meadows Airport (T76)