OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cristoforo Buondelmonti

Cristoforo Buondelmonti (c. 1385 – c. 1430) was an Italian Franciscan priest, traveler, and was a pioneer in promoting first-hand knowledge of Greece and its antiquities throughout the Western world.

## Biography

Cristoforo Buondelmonti was born around 1385 into an important Florentine family. He was taught Greek by the Italian scholar Guarino da Verona and received further education from Niccolò Niccoli, an influential Florentine humanist. By 1414 he had become a priest and served as a rector of a church in Florence.
Buondelmonti left his native city around 1414 in order to travel. While travels were mainly focused in the Aegean Islands, he visited Constantinople in the 1420s. He went on to author two historical-geographic works: the Descriptio insulae Cretae (1417, in collaboration with Niccolò Niccoli) and the Liber insularum Archipelagi (1420). These two books are a combination of geographical information and contemporary charts and sailing directions. The latter one contains the oldest surviving map of Constantinople, and the only one which antedates the Ottoman conquest of the city in 1453.
While travelling over the island of Andros, Buondelmonti bought a Greek manuscript and brought it back with him to Italy. This later became known as the Hieroglyphica of Horapollo, which played a considerable role both in humanistic thinking and in art.
* Liber insularum Arcipelagi, 16th-century manuscript. Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Fonds latin.
# Collier County Museums

The Collier County Museums represents five museums within Collier County, Florida, United States. Each museum presents information on the history, heritage, culture and evolution of life and ecology in the Everglades.
The Museum of the Everglades is located in the village of "Everglades City" and is a facility to learn about life in the local community. One museum is housed in a national historic landmark known as Everglades Laundry.
The museums were established in 1978, and display the people, places, and events that mark the area's history. The museums offers five separate facilities, each providing a differing view of the area's past, covering both history and legends, and featuring the beaches, cypress forests, and grasslands of the Florida Everglades. The displays include subjects such as saber-toothed cats and ancient civilizations, archaeological discoveries, inventions, trading posts, and cattle ranches.
# Peter Lorenz

Peter Lorenz (22 December 1922 – 6 December 1987) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).
In 1975 Lorenz was a candidate for mayor of West Berlin. He was kidnapped by the 2 June Movement group three days before the elections on 27 February. The group demanded a release of several imprisoned left-wing militants, including 2 June Movement members Verena Becker and Gabriele Kröcher-Tiedemann as well as Horst Mahler, one of the founders of the Red Army Faction (RAF) and Munich Tupamaros member Rolf Heissler. Although Mahler refused to be exchanged, the other prisoners were set free.
After the militants had been flown out to Aden, South Yemen, Lorenz was set free on 4 March. He had won the plurality (43.9%) of votes while being absent, nevertheless Klaus Schütz, relying on a coalition of Social Democrats and Free Democrats, remained mayor.
One of the freed prisoners, Rolf Heissler, became a member of the group which abducted Hanns-Martin Schleyer in 1977 to exchange him for imprisoned RAF members. After the operation had failed, Schleyer was killed. Heissler was one of his two murderers.
# John Charles Meyer

John Charles Meyer is an American actor and film producer.

## Career

He had a recurring role as Jesus in the second season of Mom, and has made guest appearances in Hawaii Five-0, NCIS, Anger Management, Mike & Molly, and others. He played young Giuseppe Salvatore in the seventh season of The Vampire Diaries. His film roles include The Taqwacores and The Millennium Bug.
John produced the comedy feature Dave Made a Maze, which was released in theaters across the U.S. and Canada on August 18, 2017.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2009 | Kontrast | Ali's Boyfriend |
| 2010 | The Taqwacores | Hamza |
| 2011 | The Millennium Bug | Billa Crawford |
| 2012 | Vandez | Teddy |
| 2013 | Our Boys | Fintan / Robert |
| 2013 | Avenged | Creed |
| 2014 | Apartment Troubles | Reginald the creep |
| 2015 | Don Quixote | Galley Slave |
| 2018 | The City of Gold | Jorge Escamilla |
| 2020 | Disrupted | Fred Ross |
| 2020 | Loco | Mikey |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2007 | Buried Alive | Hayden | Miniseries |
| 2008 | iCarly | Dirk | Episode: "iAm Your Biggest Fan" |
| 2008 | Zoey 101 | Band Member #2 / Dirk | Episode: "Chasing Zoey" |
| 2009 | Weed Shop | Frank | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 2009 | The Forgotten | Quint | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 2009 | Cost of Living | Roommate #2 | Television film |
| 2009 | The Big Time Show | Dr. J | 5 episodes |
| 2010 | CSI: NY | Antonio Reyes | Episode: "Criminal Justice" |
| 2010 | Gimme Shelter | Miles | Television film |
| 2011 | Southland | Billy Stearn | Episode: "Cop or Not" |
| 2011 | Mike & Molly | Dylan | Episode: "Victoria Runs Away" |
| 2011 | Awakening | Mark Ritter | Television film |
| 2012–2014 | Devil's Couriers | Richie | 17 episodes |
| 2014 | Anger Management | Jack | Episode: "Charlie, Lacey & the Dangerous Plumber" |
| 2015 | Weird Loners | David | Episode: "Weird Pilot" |
| 2015 | Mom | Jesus | 2 episodes |
| 2015 | Hawaii Five-0 | Tim Richards | Episode: "Lehu a Lehu" |
| 2015 | The Vampire Diaries | Young Giuseppe Salvatore | Episode: "Mommie Dearest" |
| 2015 | Discount Fitness | Terry | Episode: "Cuckold" |
| 2016 | NCIS | Ronald Ayers | Episode: "Enemy Combatant" |
| 2016 | Pub Quiz | Grizzled | Television film |
| 2017 | Rideshare | Passenger 1 | Episode: "Filthy Hippie" |
| 2018 | Lucifer | Tío Sorrento | Episode: "City of Angels?" |
| 2018–2019 | A Girl Named Jo | Lenny Alvarez | 10 episodes |
| 2019 | RelationFixTM | Nathaniel | Episode: "I Love You Man, Just Not All Day Everyday" |
# Guy Brown (cricketer)

Guy Brown (31 July 1884 – 21 March 1958) was an Australian cricketer. He played in five first-class matches for Queensland between 1906 and 1909.
Brown was raised in Dalby in his early life but was sent to Ipswich Grammar for his later studies. Sammy Jones was Ipswich Grammar's cricket coach and Brown was trained by him while at the school going on to be elected the schools cricket captain from 1899 to 1901. After graduating he played in Brisbane Grade Cricket initially for the Bundamba Cricket Club for a few months, then for two seasons with North Brisbane before joining Toombul who he scored four centuries in a single season with.
In 1906, Brown was selected in the Queensland state team and he remained a member of the state side until 1910 when he was transferred to Maryborough in his professional career working for the Commercial Bank of Sydney. He continued playing cricket for Maryborough performing well as an all-rounder and being described as the best fieldsman in Queensland however he was later transferred to various posts as bank manager across Queensland and New South Wales.
In 1921, Brown retired from banking to found his own business and in 1922 he became Secretary of the Queensland Cricket Association.
# Javier de Burgos

Francisco Javier de Burgos y del Olmo (22 October 1778—22 January 1848) was a Spanish jurist, politician, journalist, and translator.

## Early life and career

Born in Motril, into a noble but poor family, he was destined for a career in the Roman Catholic Church, but soon abandoned his studies in Granada and left for Madrid - where he took law courses. When the French invaded under Napoleon I, at the start of the Peninsular War (1808-1814), Burgos, as one of the afrancesados (supporters of King Joseph I), took up administrative duties in Andalusia. His willingness to collaborate had made him an enemy of the House of Bourbon, and made him leave for Paris in 1812.
In France, Burgos completed his academic training by studying the works of the Classics, and started translating the works of Horace into Castilian (a version notably analysed by Andrés Bello, who deemed Burgos "a poor translator, but an excellent commentator"). Much later (1844), Burgos published a revised version, which, although still flawed, has remained a reference - for instance, it is appreciated for its use of the sapphic stanza with free verse.

## Prominence

He returned to Madrid in 1819, and was appointed editor of El Imparcial in 1822 (the paper was a rallying point for moderate liberalism and the afrancesados). During the same period, Burgos showed himself to be a prolific author, writing a publishing a multiple volume work entitled Biografía universal. He was also integrated in the Bourbon administration of Ferdinand VII, being appointed undersecretary of State in Francisco Cea Bermúdez's Ministry. Under the regency of Maria Christina, as the driving force behind the 1833 territorial division of Spain, Burgos used his influence to turn Spain's previous administrative system into a provincial one, advocating for the need of a centralized government. However, his design overtly conflicted with the self-government status held by the Basque districts, especially with Navarre, heavily conditioned but still a free-standing Kingdom. The move was approved in November–December 1833, the same year he became Home Minister.
He was elected to seat R of the Real Academia Española, he took up his seat on 7 January 1830.
He was a senator of the Moderado liberals regime established during the reign of Isabella II, as well as a royal counsellor and Interior Minister for the first government of Ramón María Narváez y Campos, Duke of Valencia. His office as Minister was taken over by Narváez's successor, Francisco Javier Istúriz. He died in Madrid.
He also wrote poems marking events such as the death of María Isabel de Braganza and the wedding of Ferdinand VII and Maria Christina, as well as the notable Oda a la Razón.
# Melanie Bernstein

Melanie Bernstein (born 28 September 1976) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Schleswig-Holstein from 2017 to 2021, and again since 2023.

## Political career

Bernstein became a member of the Bundestag in the 2017 German federal election, elected in the constituency of Plön – Neumünster. She was a member of the Committee on Culture and Media and the Committee on Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth.
Bernstein lost her seat to Kristian Klinck from the Social Democratic Party at the 2021 German federal election. In January 2023, following the death of Gero Storjohann, Bernstein moved up the list and returned to the Bundestag. She has since been serving as a member of the Committee on Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth and the Committee on Petitions.

## Personal life

Bernstein is the widow of the CDU politician and member of the state parliament Axel Bernstein (1974–2017), who died in an accident in his garden a month before the 2017 federal election. She is a mother of twins and is an evangelical Christian.

## Other activities

* Deutsche Maritime Akademie, Member of the Advisory Board
* Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Member of the Board of Trustees
# St Mary's Church, Drimpton

St. Mary's Church is a Church of England church in Drimpton, Dorset, England. The church opened in 1867 and now forms part of the Beaminster Area Team Ministry.

## History

St Mary's was built as a chapel of ease to the parish church of St John the Baptist in Broadwindsor. Owing to the church's two mile distance from the village, Rev. Solomon Caesar Malan had expressed his wish for a chapel of ease to serve Drimpton and its surrounding hamlets since he became vicar of the parish in 1845. The vicar raised the necessary funds by public subscription, which mostly came from local residents and friends of the vicar. One donor was Richard Chenevix Trench, the Archbishop of Dublin. The local landowner Captain Spurwey of Catherstone, Charmouth gifted the stone required to construct the church from a quarry on his estate, which was hauled to the site by local farmers.
The plans for the church were drawn up by James Mountford Allen of Crewkerne and Mr. Holt of Broadwindsor hired as the builder. Construction began in 1863 but its completion was delayed when the builder began working to his own plans in favour of Allen's and without the knowledge or consent of Rev. Malan. The contract was handed over to Mr. John Chick of Beaminster and the existing work that did not match Allen's original design was removed and redone.
St Mary's was consecrated by the Bishop of Salisbury, Rt. Rev. Walter Kerr Hamilton, on 21 July 1867. Public admission was by ticket to avoid overcrowding and the Bishop later travelled to the parish church at Broadwindsor to preach during an afternoon service. The evening service at St Mary's was described by the Dorset County Chronicle as "crammed to suffocation". 27 infants and older children were put forward for baptising, however only 16 could be achieved during the service's duration.
The church's burial ground was extended in 1932.

## Architecture

St Mary's is built of local stone, with dressings in Ham stone, sourced from the quarries of Mr. John Trask of Norton-sub-Hamdon, in the Early English style. The windows and door head were constructed with overhead arches of red stone from Bishops Lydeard. Designed to accommodate up to 90 persons, the church is made up of a nave and chancel. It was built with four single-light lancet-headed windows on each side, a three-light window at the east end and a small window of three trefoils above the entrance. The north and south sides of the church are strengthened with buttresses, while the west end gable contains a bellcote of Ham stone with one bell and surmounted by a wrought iron cross. The church's porch was added in the mid-20th century.
The internal fittings, including the open-timbered roof, pulpit, reading desk and benches, were made of stained and varnished Dantzic fir. After World War I, a wooden war memorial was attached to the church wall in remembrance of the seven local men who lost their lives in the conflict.
# Rainbow cookie

Rainbow cookie or rainbow cake usually refers to a three-layered almond-flavored Italian-American cookie, but can also refer to any of a number of rainbow-colored confections.

## Composition

Rainbow cookies are typically composed of layers of brightly colored, almond-based sponge cake (usually almond paste/marzipan), apricot and/or raspberry jam, and a chocolate coating. Commonly referred to as a "cookie," their composition is closer in many ways to a layered cake or petit four. The original rainbow cookie featured layers with colors representing the Italian flag: white, red and green. However, there may be variations in the color of the rainbow cookie's layers, whether for particular holidays, or other events.

## History and origins

Rainbow cookies were first introduced by Italian-American bakeries in the late 19th or early 20th century, and have since spread to other Italian-American and mainstream bakeries. Rainbow cookies are particularly popular at Christmas.
Though many Italian confections have an almond paste or almond flour base, rainbow cookies are a decidedly Italian-American creation. While there is no direct analogue to rainbow cookies in Italy, Italian food historian Mary Taylor Simeti speculates that the Italian-American rainbow cookie is based on the tri-colored gelato di campagna, a nougat with the same colored layers.

## Popularity in the Jewish community

Rainbow cookies are popular in the American Jewish community, and are commonly associated with American Jewish cuisine and can be found at many Jewish delis, kosher eateries, and Jewish bakeries throughout the United States, especially in the Northeastern United States. As Jewish refugees from Eastern Europe settled in New York City en masse at the turn of the twentieth century, they often settled in areas that also had an Italian population. It was at this point that Jewish Americans were introduced to the rainbow cookie.
They are a common kiddush cookie served on Shabbat morning and at synagogues across the country. There are also versions of rainbow cookies made for Passover, which are made with matzo meal or almond flour (due to the prohibition of leavening during this holiday).
Jewish Americans adapted this cookie to suit their own Kosher dietary needs, substituting margarine for the butter originally used (making them pareve). Other color variations may include blue and white, instead of the traditional rainbow, to celebrate Hanukkah.

## Other names

Although often called simply rainbow cookies in much of the continental United States, some local names for this specific variety are:
* Napoleon cookies
* Seven layer cake
* Seven layer cookies
* Tricolor/e cookies
* Venetian cookies
# Washington station (CTA Red Line)

Washington is a closed "L" station on the CTA's Red Line. It was a subway station in the State Street subway located at 128 North State Street in the Loop.

## History

The platform at Washington is part of a long continuous platform beneath State Street which runs from the Jackson station to the Lake station, making it the United States' longest continuous passenger platform. There are two mezzanines for the station, a northern at Randolph shared with the Lake station and a southern at Madison. There are stairs and escalators along State Street between Randolph and Madison to access both mezzanines. Additionally, Washington is equipped with an elevator to the Randolph mezzanine and was therefore accessible to people with disabilities. There is another elevator between that mezzanine and State Street, which is still in use for access to the Lake station.
There were two stairways on the platform to a lower level pedestrian tunnel that connected the Washington station to the Washington station in the Milwaukee–Dearborn subway, to allow transfers between the Red and Blue Lines. Lake station to the north of Washington and Washington station were originally a single station, but they were separated on June 2, 1996, due to the renovation project of the Randolph-Washington mezzanine and Lake became an independent station on November 18, 1997, in order to better facilitate transfers between the Red Line subway and the elevated State/Lake station.

### Closure for Block 37 superstation

As part of the development of 108 North State Street (known as Block 37), The City of Chicago planned to construct a superstation located under the Block 37 mall. Washington/State station, and the lower level transfer tunnel to the Blue Line closed at midnight on October 23, 2006, for work related to the construction of this new station.
Following cost overruns of $100 million, the superstation was indefinitely mothballed in June 2008. The Block 37 superstation which had already been partially built, was left abandoned. The Washington/State station was still closed, and the station's platform reopened in February 2010. The station remained closed and trains never resumed stopping at the station.

### Post closure

When the CTA closed the Washington/State station, the station was left intact. No work was performed to improve the Washington-Madison mezzanine in the case that a reopening was considered. The platform changed little except for the removal of its signage. Washington/State was removed from CTA rail maps in January 2009.
Due to its location, the Washington station is still easily accessible for pedestrian access via the Lake and Monroe stations.
As of October 2019, the CTA does not consider the station to have closed permanently, but there are currently no plans to reopen the station.
# Rafael Peña

Rafael Peña de Flores (23 October 1822 – 28 June 1901) was a Bolivian lawyer, teacher, naturalist, and politician who served as the 11th vice president of Bolivia from 1896 to 1899. He served as first vice president alongside second vice president Jenaro Sanjinés during the administration of Severo Fernández.

## Early life and career

Rafael Peña de Flores was born on 23 October 1822 in Santa Cruz. He was the son of Mariano Peña and Petrona Flores. Around 1850, he studied law at the University of Saint Francis Xavier before becoming a professor of mathematics and natural history at the College of Arts and Sciences, now known as the Florida National College, in Santa Cruz.
He served twice as prefect of Santa Cruz. Later, he was elected Senator for the department of Santa Cruz and frequently performed municipal functions, exercising the presidency of the Santa Cruz Municipal Council on more than one occasion. Sympathetic to the revolutionary ideas of José María Linares, he suffered persecution following Linares' overthrow in 1861. In late 1865, he led a popular revolt against the military government of Mariano Melgarejo which ended in virtual disaster and his exile and asylum in Paraguay, a country at war with neighboring powers at the time.

## Vice President (1896–1899)

In the general election of 1896, he was nominated for the office of first vice president by Severo Fernández. Both, along with second vice presidential candidate Jenaro Sanjinés, won the election taking office on 19 August 1896. Upon the outbreak of the Federal War, which saw the end of almost two decades of Conservative rule, Peña exercised the acting presidency while Fernández commanded the army.
Ultimately, the Conservatives were ousted from government by the Liberal forces of José Manuel Pando on 12 April 1889.
# Alistair Carns

Alistair Scott Carns, DSO, OBE, MC (born 27 March 1980) is a British Labour Party politician and former regular Royal Marines officer and a current reserve officer, who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Selly Oak since 2024.

## Early life and education

Carns was born on 27 March 1980 in Aberdeen, Scotland. He was educated at a state school in the city.

## Military service

In 1999, Carns joined the Royal Marines in the other ranks. He was commissioned as an officer on 4 September 2002, and appointed to the trained strength on 29 September 2003. He was promoted to major on 1 October 2010, to lieutenant colonel on 30 June 2016, and to colonel on 26 July 2021.
Carns was mentioned in despatches "in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in Afghanistan during the period 1st October 2006 to 31st March 2007". In September 2011, he was awarded the Military Cross (MC) "in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in Afghanistan during the period 1st October 2010 to 31st March 2011". In the 2022 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE).
Carns was a military adviser to three Defence Secretaries; Michael Fallon, Gavin Williamson and Penny Mordaunt.
Carns was to be promoted to Brigadier in June 2024, however he resigned his commission in May 2024 in order to stand for the Labour Party in the 2024 United Kingdom general election.
Carns re-enlisted in the Royal Marines as a reservist in November 2024.
In the 2025 New Year Honours, Carns was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) "in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in the field during the period 1 October 2023 to 31 March 2024".

## Political career

In the 2024 General Election, he was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Selly Oak with 17,371 votes (45.2 %) and a majority of 11,537. On 9 July 2024, he was appointed Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Veterans and People in the Ministry of Defence. His ministerial post is also simply known as the Minister for Veterans and People.
On 24 July 2024, Carns made his maiden speech in the House of Commons during a debate on education and opportunity.