OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chan Kwong Beng

Chan Kwong Beng (born 2 June 1988 in Perak) is a Malaysian badminton player, and in 2017 he started to represent the United States. In 2013, he won the men's singles competition at the Vietnam International under coach Li Mao at the Kawasaki badminton club in Petaliang Jaya.

## Achievements
### BWF International Challenge/Series

Men's singles
| Year | Tournament | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2013 | Vietnam International | Ng Ka Long | 21–11, 22–20 | Winner |
| 2009 | Malaysia International | Chong Wei Feng | 17–21, 14–21 | Runner-up |
| 2007 | Cheers Asian Satellite | Tan Chun Seang | 21–17, 16–21, 10–21 | Runner-up |
Men's doubles
| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2013 | Swiss International | Daniel Benz | Lucas Corvee Brice Leverdez | 21–16, 21–16 | Winner |
    BWF International Challenge tournament
    BWF International Series tournament
# Lukhi Apri Nugroho

Lukhi Apri Nugroho (born 20 April 1993) is an Indonesian badminton player. He is a doubles specialist from PB. Djarum, and has joined the club since 2010. Nogroho won the mixed doubles title at the 2011 Asian Junior Championships when he was partnered with Ririn Amelia.

## Achievements
### Asian Junior Championships

Mixed doubles
| Year | Venue | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2011 | Babu Banarasi Das Indoor Stadium, Lucknow, India | Ririn Amelia | Pei Tianyi Ou Dongni | 15–21, 21–16, 25–23 | Gold |

### BWF International Challenge/Series (4 titles, 4 runners-up)

Men's doubles
| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2011 | Singapore International | Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo | Marcus Fernaldi Gideon Agripinna Prima Rahmanto Putra | 17–21, 9–21 | Runner-up |
| 2017 | Lao International | Muhammad Syawal Mohd Ismail | Lee Jian Yi Lim Zhen Ting | 17–21, 21–10, 21–14 | Winner |
Mixed doubles
| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2012 | Malaysia International | Annisa Saufika | Ong Jian Guo Woon Khe Wei | 11–21, 14–21 | Runner-up |
| 2013 | Osaka International | Annisa Saufika | Lin Chia-yu Wang Pei-rong | 21–16, 21–19 | Winner |
| 2014 | USM Indonesia International | Masita Mahmudin | Hafiz Faizal Shella Devi Aulia | 23–21, 18–21, 21–14 | Winner |
| 2017 | Smiling Fish International | Ririn Amelia | Wang Sijie Du Peng | 14–21, 12–21 | Runner-up |
| 2017 | Indonesia International | Ririn Amelia | Ou Xuanyi Liu Lin | 20–22, 11–21 | Runner-up |
| 2017 | Lao International | Ririn Amelia | Parinyawat Thongnuam Kittipak Dubthuk | 21–17, 13–21, 21–13 | Winner |
    BWF International Challenge tournament
    BWF International Series tournament

## Performance timeline
### Key

| W | F | SF | QF | #R | RR | Q# | A | G | S | B | NH | N/A | DNQ |

### National team

* Junior level
| Team event | 2011 |
| Asian Junior Championships | B |

### Individual competitions

* Junior level
| Event | 2011 |
| Asian Junior Championships | G |
* Senior level
| Event | 2017 |
| World Championships | 2R |
| Tournament | 2018 | Best |
| BWF World Tour |||
| Indonesia Masters | 1R | QF (2013, 2014, 2016) |
| Tournament | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Best |
| BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold ||||||||||
| Indonesia Masters | 1R (MD) 1R (XD) | 1R | 2R | QF (XD) | 2R (MD) QF (XD) | 2R | QF | — | QF (2013, 2014, 2016) |
# Barton Street Arena

Barton Street Arena, also known as the Hamilton Forum, was the main sports arena located in Hamilton, Ontario, on Barton Street between Sanford Street and Wentworth Street. It was built in 1910 at what was at that time the east end of the city by Andrew Ross (original owner) who was a local Hamilton businessman.
Originally, the arena had a seating capacity of 4,500 and standing room for roughly 500 people. By 1977 it had a seating capacity of 2800 people. It was torn down in 1977 when the ice-making equipment broke down and the city decided it would be cheaper to demolish the arena than replace the old machinery. A new and much larger arena, Copps Coliseum, was constructed six years later. Today, the Barton Street Arena site is occupied by residential housing.
There were six entrances—three on Barton, and three on Bristol Street. The north side of the arena (the Barton Street side) housed the coat-check and the ladies' washroom. The five dressing rooms were located on the Bristol Street side, as well as a "smoking room". The press box was also on the south side, above the stands. The building was steam heated so patrons could watch the game in comfort. The ice surface itself, at 200-feet by 80-feet, was lit by twenty-eight five-hundred-candle-power lights. After the first National Hockey League game was played in the arena between Hamilton and the Montreal Canadiens; Montreal owner George Kennedy commented: "This is a fine arena. It's a lot better than I looked for. The lighting is excellent, the seating fine, and the ice surface the largest in the NHL. I am surely surprised."
It was home arena to the NHL's Hamilton Tigers, the minor pro Hamilton Tigers, and the OHL's Hamilton Tiger Cubs, Hamilton Red Wings and Hamilton Fincups. The arena hosted the first game of the 1962 Memorial Cup. The Hamilton Red Wings won that game 5–2 versus the Edmonton Oil Kings.
Licences for private commercial radio stations in Canada were first granted in 1922, when Hamilton's CKOC went on the air. In 1923, Ivan Miller began broadcasting games on CKOC from the Barton Street Arena.
# Dihydrochalcone

Dihydrochalcone (DHC) is the organic compound with the formula C$_6$H$_5$C(O)(CH$_2$)$_2$C$_6$H$_5$. It is the reduced derivative of chalcone (C$_6$H$_5$C(O)(CH)$_2$C$_6$H$_5$). It is a white solid that is soluble in many organic solvents. Dihydrochalcone per se is often minor significance, but some derivatives occur in nature and have attracted attention as drugs.

## Natural dihydrochalcones

* Aspalathin, a C-linked dihydrochalcone glucoside found in rooibos, a common herbal tea
* Naringin dihydrochalcone, an artificial sweetener derived from naringin
* Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, an artificial sweetener derived from citrus
* Nothofagin, a C-linked phloretin glucoside found in rooibos
* Phloretin
* Isosalipurpurin
Dihydrochalcones (3′,5′-dihydroxy-2′,4′,6′-trimethoxydihydrochalcone (methyl linderone) and 2′-hydroxy-3′,4′,5′,6′-tetramethoxydihydrochalcone (dihydrokanakugiol) can be found in twigs of Lindera lucida.
# Kari Adu

Kari Adu is a village in the Badhra tehsil of the Charkhi Dadri district in the Indian state of Haryana. Located approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) south west of the district headquarters town of Charkhi Dadri, as of the 2011 Census of India, the village had 255 households with a total population of 1,308 of which 698 were male and 610 female.
# Joel McKeithan

Joel Michael McKeithan (born August 15, 1991) is an American professional baseball coach. He is the assistant hitting coach for the Chicago White Sox and was the former primary hitting coach for Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball.

## Career

McKeithan graduated from T. C. Roberson High School in Asheville, North Carolina. He enrolled at Vanderbilt University and played college baseball for the Vanderbilt Commodores. In the summer of 2013, he played for the Newport Gulls in the New England Collegiate Baseball League and was named an all-star. He transferred to North Carolina State University and finished his college baseball career with the NC State Wolfpack.
In 2019, McKeithan served as a minor league hitting coach for the Williamsport Crosscutters, a farm team in the Philadelphia Phillies organization. He was the minor league hitting coordinator for the Detroit Tigers for the 2021 season.
After the 2021 season, the Cincinnati Reds hired McKeithan to their major league coaching staff as their assistant hitting coach. On November 29, 2022, the Reds promoted McKeithan to be their primary hitting coach for the 2023 season.

## Personal life

His great-uncle, Tim McKeithan, pitched in MLB. His grandfather, Jerry Sr., played in the minor leagues, while his father played college baseball for NC State and UNC Charlotte. His brother, also named Tim, is a coach for the Pittsburgh Pirates organization, and his other brother, Aaron, plays in the minor leagues for the Cardinals organization.
# South Portland Public Library

43°38′02″N 70°15′00″W﻿ / ﻿43.634°N 70.2500°W﻿ / 43.634; -70.2500
The South Portland Public Library is the public library serving South Portland, Maine.
In 1965, ground was broken for the $300,579 library building. The doors were opened for service to the public in 1966.
The Memorial Branch Library was opened on Wescott Road in 1976.
# Breathless (Spanish TV series)

Breathless (Spanish: Respira) is a Spanish hospital drama television series created by Carlos Montero. It stars Najwa Nimri, Aitana Sánchez-Gijón, Blanca Suárez, Manu Ríos, and Borja Luna. It was made available to stream on Netflix from 30 August 2024.
The series was announced in July 2023. Principal photography commenced in August 2023 and ended in February 2024.
In December 2024, the series was renewed for a second season, which will premiere in 2025.

## Premise

The series is set in and around the Joaquín Sorolla public hospital in Valencia, Spain.

## Cast

* Najwa Nimri as Patricia Segura
* Aitana Sánchez-Gijón as Pilar Amaro
* Blanca Suárez as Jéssica Donoso
* Manu Ríos as Biel de Felipe
* Borja Luna as Néstor Moa
* Alfonso Bassave [es] as Lluís Bonet
* Ana Rayo as Leonor "Leo" Santapau
* Macarena de Rueda as Rocío Fuster
* Blanca Martínez as Blanca
* Abril Zamora as Neus
* Xoán Fórneas [es] as Enrique "Quique" Román
* Marwa Bakhat as May
* Víctor Sáinz as Rodrigo Donoso
* Rachel Lascar as Sophie (season 2)
* Pablo Alborán (season 2)
* Alex Medina as Hugo

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original release date | U.S. viewers (millions) |
| 1 | "Por encima de todo" | David Pinillos | David Pinillos | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |
| 2 | "Madera de médico" | David Pinillos | Carlos Montero & Carlos Ruano | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |
| 3 | "Páramos" | David Pinillos | Carlos Ruano | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |
| 4 | "Confío en ti" | David Pinillos | Carlos Ruano & Pablo Paiz | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |
| 5 | "Huelga" | Marta Font | Guillermo Escribano | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |
| 6 | "El último hombre en pie" | Marta Font | Carlos Ruano & Pablo Paiz | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |
| 7 | "Tierra quemada" | Marta Font | Guillermo Escribano & Carlos Montero | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |
| 8 | "Gota fría" | David Pinillos | Carlos Ruano | August 30, 2024 (2024-08-30) | N/A |

## Production

The eight-part series is from Carlos Montero Castiñeira, who is the show's creator and showrunner. A production of El Desorden Crea, the series is executive produced by Carlos Montero Castiñeira and Diego Betancor. It is directed by David Pinillo and Marta Font, and written by Montero, Carlos Ruano, Guillermo Escribano, and Pablo Saiz.
The cast includes Najwa Nimri, Aitana Sánchez-Gijón, Blanca Suárez, Manu Ríos and Abril Zamora. In December 2024, it was announced that Netflix had renewed the series for a second season, with French actress Rachel Lascar and Spanish singer Pablo Alborán also being cast in new roles.

## Broadcast

The series premiered globally on Netflix on 30 August 2024.
# Breast enlargement

Breast enlargement is the enlargement of the breasts. It may occur naturally as in mammoplasia or may occur artificially through active intervention. Many women regard their breasts, which are female secondary sex characteristics, as important to their sexual attractiveness, as a sign of femininity that is important to their sense of self. Due to this, when a woman considers her breasts deficient in some respect, she might choose to engage in some activity intended to enhance them.
Actual and potential methods to achieve larger breasts include:
* Surgical breast augmentation, such as with breast implants or fat transfer.
* Pharmacological or hormonal breast enhancement, through administration of medications such as estrogen or breast enlargement supplements.
* Increasing the food energy intake by eating more and/or more energetic foods. By increasing food energy intake, more adipose tissue will be created, part of which will consist of adipose tissue located near the breast area. The amount of adipose tissue that will be added to the breasts varies from person to person and is controlled by the KLF14 gene. Additional modification of the KLF14 gene can thus make sure even more of the adipose tissue increase will occur at the breasts.
* Mechanical breast enhancement, such as through use of the BRAVA Breast Enhancement and Shaping System, a clinically-effective external breast tissue expander.
Ineffective methods to achieve larger breasts include:
# Fikri Ihsandi Hadmadi

Fikri Ihsandi Hadmadi (born 1 March 1995, in Tangerang) is an Indonesian badminton player.

## Achievements
### BWF International Challenge/Series

Men's singles
| Year | Tournament | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2014 | Maribyrnong International | Chiang Jiann Shiang | 21–17, 21–16 | Winner |
| 2014 | USM International | Setyaldi Putra Wibowo | 16–21, 21–18, 11–21 | Runner-up |
| 2013 | Maldives International | Muhammad Bayu Pangisthu | 21–16, 21–14 | Winner |
    BWF International Challenge tournament
    BWF International Series tournament

## Performance timeline
### Indonesian team

* Junior level
| Team events | 2013 |
| Asia Junior Championships | Bronze |
| World Junior Championships | Silver |

### Individual competitions

* Junior level
| Event | 2012 | 2013 |
| World Junior Championships | R3 | R2 |
* Senior level
| Tournament | 2018 | Best |
| BWF World Tour |||
| Thailand Masters | R1 | R2 (2016, 2017) |
| Vietnam Open | R1 | R3 (2014) |
| Indonesia Masters Super 100 | R2 | R2 (2018) |
| Year-end Ranking | 238 | 80 |
| Tournament | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Best |
| BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold ||||||||
| Malaysia Masters | | A | A | R2 | R1 | R2 | R2 (2015, 2017) |
| Thailand Masters | — | — | — | — | R2 | R2 | R2 (2016, 2017) |
| New Zealand Open | — | A | A | A | R3 | A | R3 (2016) |
| China Masters | SS | SS | A | A | R2 | w/o | R2 (2016, 2017) |
| Chinese Taipei Open | A | A | R2 | A | R1 | A | R2 (2014) |
| Vietnam Open | | R1 | R3 | A | R1 | A | R3 (2014) |
| Thailand Open | | A | — | A | R1 | R2 | R2 (2017) |
| Korea Masters | A | A | R2 | A | A | A | R3 (2014) |
| Macau Open | | A | R3 | R1 | R1 | A | R3 (2014) |
| Indonesian Masters | R1 | R1 | R2 | R1 | R3 | — | R3 (2016) |
| Year-end Ranking | 627 | 219 | 92 | 172 | 109 | 139 | 80 |
| Tournament | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Best |
# Donghai County

Donghai County (simplified Chinese: 东海县; traditional Chinese: 東海縣; pinyin: Dōnghǎi Xiàn; lit. 'east sea') is under the administration of Lianyungang, Jiangsu province, China. It borders the prefecture-level cities of Linyi (Shandong) to the north and Xuzhou to the west.
The county has 300 million tons of quartz and 300,000 tons of rock crystal reserves, which is the highest in China, so it is nicknamed "the county of rock crystal".

## Administrative divisions

At present, Donghai County has 2 subdistricts, 11 towns and 8 townships.

### 2 subdistricts

* Niushan (牛山街道)
* Shiliu (石榴街道)

### 11 towns

| Baitabu (白塔埠镇) Huangchuan (黄川镇) Taolin (桃林镇) Qinghu (青湖镇) Wenquan (温泉镇) | Shuangdian (双店镇) Shilianghe (石梁河镇) Hongzhuang (洪庄镇) Anfeng (安峰镇) Fangshan (房山镇) Pingming (平明镇) |

### 8 townships

| Tuofeng (驼峰乡) Shanzuokou (山左口乡) Henggou (横沟乡) Linian (李埝乡) | Nanchen (南辰乡) Shihu (石湖乡) Quyang (曲阳乡) Zhangwan (张湾乡) |

## Climate

Climate data for Donghai, elevation 33 m (108 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.9 (62.4) | 24.8 (76.6) | 27.7 (81.9) | 33.3 (91.9) | 37.1 (98.8) | 38.4 (101.1) | 38.9 (102.0) | 37.1 (98.8) | 34.5 (94.1) | 33.3 (91.9) | 27.4 (81.3) | 19.3 (66.7) | 38.9 (102.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) | 8.3 (46.9) | 13.9 (57.0) | 20.4 (68.7) | 25.7 (78.3) | 29.5 (85.1) | 30.9 (87.6) | 30.1 (86.2) | 26.6 (79.9) | 21.6 (70.9) | 14.3 (57.7) | 7.4 (45.3) | 19.5 (67.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.4 (32.7) | 3.1 (37.6) | 8.1 (46.6) | 14.5 (58.1) | 20.1 (68.2) | 24.3 (75.7) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.1 (79.0) | 21.8 (71.2) | 16.1 (61.0) | 9.1 (48.4) | 2.5 (36.5) | 14.4 (57.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.4 (25.9) | −1.0 (30.2) | 3.4 (38.1) | 9.3 (48.7) | 15.1 (59.2) | 19.9 (67.8) | 23.6 (74.5) | 23.0 (73.4) | 17.9 (64.2) | 11.6 (52.9) | 4.8 (40.6) | −1.4 (29.5) | 10.2 (50.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −12.7 (9.1) | −13.0 (8.6) | −7.8 (18.0) | −0.9 (30.4) | 4.9 (40.8) | 12.0 (53.6) | 16.8 (62.2) | 13.1 (55.6) | 7.6 (45.7) | 0.6 (33.1) | −6.7 (19.9) | −13.1 (8.4) | −13.1 (8.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 19.3 (0.76) | 23.7 (0.93) | 34.4 (1.35) | 43.0 (1.69) | 72.7 (2.86) | 109.6 (4.31) | 216.9 (8.54) | 195.8 (7.71) | 87.0 (3.43) | 35.5 (1.40) | 32.9 (1.30) | 19.4 (0.76) | 890.2 (35.04) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.3 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 13.3 | 11.9 | 7.8 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 85.9 |
| Average snowy days | 2.8 | 2.8 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 67 | 66 | 63 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 82 | 84 | 79 | 71 | 69 | 67 | 71 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 157.0 | 153.7 | 195.5 | 216.2 | 226.8 | 187.3 | 179.4 | 186.6 | 183.9 | 187.1 | 159.8 | 162.5 | 2,195.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 50 | 49 | 52 | 55 | 52 | 43 | 41 | 45 | 50 | 54 | 52 | 53 | 50 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# Treo 180

The Treo 180 is a dual-band GSM smartphone made by Handspring. Released in 2002, it was the first device in the Treo family. Internet access was available using the Blazer browser.
It features a full keyboard and shipped with Palm OS version 3.5.2H. The 180 has a 160x160 monochrome screen, 16 MB of internal memory and a 33 MHz Dragonball CPU. Two main models were produced, the 180 with a thumb-type keyboard and the 180g which used the Graffiti handwriting recognition software, both were flip form factor.
# Rahul Thatha

Rahul Thatha (born as Udayabhanu) is an Indian actor and comedian who has predominantly appeared in Tamil-language films in comedy track sequences. He gained spotlight for his acting in Naanum Rowdy Dhaan (2015).

## Career

He aspired to enter the film industry at a young age after taking inspiration from films such as the James Bond film series during his childhood. In 1965, Rahul Thatha travelled from his hometown Nagapattinam to reach Vijayaraghavapuram in Chennai with an ambition of pursuing his passion in film acting. He made the decision to move away from his hometown at the tender age of 20. However, he was made to wait for a considerable period of time to receive callsheet from filmmakers, and he also reportedly did not have an influence of a cinematic background. He then decided to work in hotels on a contractual basis. After a stint working as an employee at various hotels, he received contract as a caterer at the film sets and shooting locations. Rahul Thatha apparently met veteran Indian actor M. G. Ramachandran during an occasion at the film shooting spot and since then M. G. Ramachandran became Rahul Thatha's mentor and Rahul Thatha also served as M. G. Ramachandran's chef for a brief stint.
Rahul subsequently received film acting opportunities starring alongside MGR in uncredited roles including Adimai Penn (1969), Rickshawkaran (1971), Idhayakkani (1975) and Uzhaikkum Karangal (1976). However, he did not receive major roles in films afterwards and made a brief appearance in Selvaraghavan's directorial venture Aayirathil Oruvan (2010). He made a comeback in film acting in a full-fledged role after a long hiatus in A. R. Murugadoss's directorial venture Kaththi (2014), which had Vijay in the pivotal role. He eventually was called up for a photoshoot to feature in Dhanush's film Maari (2015). After Vignesh Shivan wanted to cast him in Naanum Rowdy Dhaan, he asked Dhanush, who was also the producer of the film, to find someone else for the role in Maari.
His performance and screen presence as a gangster named Rahul Thatha in Naanum Rowdy Dhaan received acclaim from audiences, and his breakthrough role eventually raked him film acting offers from filmmakers with his character name becoming his stage name.

## Filmography

* Adimai Penn (1969)
* Rickshawkaran (1971)
* Idhayakkani (1975)
* Uzhaikkum Karangal (1976)
* Aayirathil Oruvan (2010)
* Velayudham (2011)
* Soodhu Kavvum (2013)
* Kaththi (2014)
* Purampokku Engira Podhuvudamai (2015)
* Naanum Rowdy Dhaan (2015)
* Kavalai Vendam (2016)
* Aranmanai 2 (2016)
* Muthina Kathirika (2016)
* Remo (2016)
* Kurangu Bommai (2017)
* Ippadai Vellum (2017)
* Irumbu Thirai (2018)
* Bodha (2018)
* Ghajinikanth (2018)
* Hero (2019)
* Natpuna Ennanu Theriyuma (2019)
* Gorilla (2019)
* Dha Dha 87 (2019)
* Ayogya (2019)
* Capmaari (2019)
* Kuppathu Raja (2019)
* En Sangathu Aala Adichavan Evanada (2020)
* Irandam Kuththu (2020)
* Pei Mama (2021)
* Theerkadarishi (2023)
* Lucky Man (2023)
* The Road (2023)
* Meippada Sei (2023)

### Television

* Cooku with Comali season 3 (2022)
# Marko Adamović

Marko Adamović (Serbian Cyrillic: Марко Адамовић; born 11 March 1991) is a Serbian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Jedinstvo Ub.

## Career

On 11 September 2017, Adamović signed with Bulgarian club Beroe. In June, he joined Cypriot First Division side AEL Limassol for an undisclosed fee.
# Dongyi Protectorate

The Dongyi Protectorate (Chinese: 東夷都護府; lit. 'Protectorate of the Eastern Barbarians') from 618 to 907 AD, was a Tang dynasty protectorate in present-day Hebei Province and eastern Inner Mongolia. In 648, Emperor Taizong of Tang established the Jiaole Area Command and appointed the Xi chief Kotuche (可度者) as its military governor. In 648, Taizong created the Songmo Area Command and "diplomatically" appointed Kuko (窟哥), chieftain of the Khitans as its Military Governor. In reality, the Tang court had lost actual control of the area. After the Tang dynasty collapsed, the area became the territory of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.