# Giza Zoo

The Giza Zoo (Egyptian Arabic: حَدِيْقَة حَيْوَان ٱلْجِيْزَة, romanized: Ḥadīqat Ḥaywān Al-Gīzah) is a zoological garden in Giza, Egypt. It is one of the few green areas in the city, and includes Giza's largest park. The zoo covers about 80 acres (32 ha), and is home to many endangered species, as well as a selection of endemic fauna.
The first to be built in the Middle East and Africa, rare species have been successfully bred in the zoo—including the first California sea lion to be born in the region.

## History

The zoo was built by Khedive Ismail and opened on 1 March 1891. It was built on about 50 feddan (21 hectares (52 acres)) that was once part of the harem gardens. Ismail imported many plants from India, Africa, and South America, of which a banyan tree planted about 1871 can still be seen. The original 180 birds and 78 other animals in the zoo's collection were taken from Ismail's private menagerie.
In the late 1870s, the state took over the zoo as partial payment of the Ismail's debts. In January 1890, the harem building was opened as a natural history museum, and was used in this manner until a new museum was opened in Tahrir Square in 1902. The portion of the gardens facing the Nile were sold to the public for large homes, but the harem gardens were kept intact.
When the zoo was built, the exhibits with semi-natural habitats were considered spacious by European standards. The animal collection emphasized Egyptian species, and at one time claimed 20,000 individuals representing 400 species, though many of these may have been migratory birds.
Around 1900, Captain Stanley Smyth Flower was appointed director of the Gardens. He would remain in that position until his retirement in 1923. From 1906 to 1923, Michael John Nicoll was his assistant. For a short time he was director, but the next year he had to retire. J. Lewis Bonhote worked at the Gardens from 1913 to 1919.
By the mid-twentieth century, the zoo was considered one of the best zoos in the world, but it has had trouble adapting to the pressures of growth in the latter half of the century as human populations in Cairo have increased.
By the end of World War II the zoo claimed 4,700 exhibits, with a total of 700 mammals and 500 reptiles. Attendance levels of 43,567 in 1889 rose to 223,525 by 1906. In 2007, the zoo hosted almost 3.4 million visitors.
In 2004, the zoo lost its membership with the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA), because it did not pay membership fees, and then ignored the recommendations of WAZA inspectors. As of 2010, it is a member of the African Association of Zoos and Aquaria (PAAZAB), and is working towards getting re-accredited by WAZA.
* Chinese building at the zoo
* Bridge by Gustave Eiffel

## Animals

Mammals at the zoo include giraffes, southern white rhinos, common hippos, brown bears, black bears, raccoons, African elephants, sea lions, tigers, lions, cheetahs, zebras, agoutis, monkeys, yellow baboons, Hamadryas baboons, bonobos, red foxes, guinea fowl, parrots, pelicans, ostrichs, emus, Bactrian camels, deer, wild sheep, Dorcas gazelles, and gemsboks, scimitar horned oryxes, and raccoons.
The zoo has several species of birds, such as, flamingos, falcons, peacocks, vultures, ibises, love birds, and macaws.
The zoo has native reptiles, such as, the Egyptian cobra and Egyptian tortoise. It also has Nile crocodiles and American alligators.

## Facilities

The gardens include roads paved with black stone flags from Trieste, footpaths decorated with pebbles laid out like mosaics, and a pond with a marble island that is now the zoo's Tea Island.
The zoo also includes a suspension bridge designed by Gustave Eiffel that lets visitors view the animals from above. This bridge may have been the first elevated viewing area at any zoo in the world.
There is a reptile house and taxidermist's building on site.

## The future

As part of the upgrades to help the zoo recover its membership in WAZA, in 2008 the bear exhibit was outfitted with fans and misters to help cool the bears. There are plans to run chilled water through the floors to make the bears more comfortable.
The zoo suffered from neglect for decades, but finally in December 2022, the intention to develop the zoo was announced. The zoo was officially closed in July 2023. It was planned that the closure would continue for 18 months and the zoo would open at the beginning of 2025, but the opening was postponed, and the official opening of the Giza Zoo will be in September 2025.