OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shinkei

Shinkei (心敬, 1406 – 14 May 1475) was a Japanese Buddhist priest and poet (tanka and renga poetry).

## Life and work

Shinkei was born in Taisha, Kii Province (now Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture) in 1406. He was a Buddhist priest at an early age and quickly rose to the rank of Daisōzu (大僧都, Senior Director).
He regarded poetry as the result of a religious way of life (shugyō). For more than thirty years he remained a student with the poet Shōtetsu. His poems are based on the Japanese aesthetic ideal called yūgen (幽玄). He also wrote the poetic treatises Sasamegoto (ささめごと) in 1463 and Oi no kurigoto (老のくりごと) in 1471.
Shinkei died on 14 May 1475 in Ōyama, Sagami Province (now part of Kanagawa Prefecture).

## Translations in English

Esperanza Ramirez-Christensen translated and annotated Shinkei's Sasamegoto under the title Murmured Conversations: A Treatise on Poetry and Buddhism by the Poet-Monk Shinkei (Stanford University Press, 2008), which received the Japan–U.S. Friendship Commission Prize for the Translation of Japanese Literature in 2009. Ramirez-Christensen also published a book-length study on Shinkei's life and poetry titled Heart's Flower: The Life and Poetry of Shinkei (Stanford University Press, 1994).
# John Melish

John Melish (June 13, 1771 – December 30, 1822) was a Scottish mapmaker who published some of the earliest maps of the United States (US). In 1816, he created the first map of the United States extending to the Pacific Ocean.

## Early life

Melish was born in Scotland on June 13, 1771. He worked under the tutelage of a cotton merchant in Glasgow and later tried to form his own cotton import-export company. Between 1806 and 1811, Melish made several trips to the United States, finally settling in Philadelphia in 1811. A year later, he published Travels through the United States of America, in the years 1806 & 1807, and 1809, 1810, & 1811 documenting his voyages to the US with copious maps.

## Philadelphia

Melish started his own map publishing company in Philadelphia. It was the first of its kind in the United States. His maps were inspired by his travels and fulfilled a contemporary need for accurate cartography. US President Thomas Jefferson took note of Melish's maps, sending copies to associates in Europe. In 1816, Melish published an important map, Map of the United States with the contiguous British and Spanish Possessions, which depicted the United States from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, thus implicitly staking a larger claim for the US than existed at that time.
Melish's books detailing the state of American manufacturing influenced Jefferson to adopt a point of view favoring manufacturing in the US, as opposed to shipping raw good to Europe for manufacturing into finished products.
# Sakiko Yamaoka

Sakiko Yamaoka (山岡 さ希子; born 1961) is a Japanese performance artist from Tokyo, Japan. Since the early 1990s, she has staged performances in various cities across Asia, Europe, and both Americas. In 2009, Yamaoka appeared in the film Phenomenology of Truth.

## Life and career

In 1984, Yamaoka graduated from Musashino Art University, a private university in Kodaira, Western Tokyo where she studied oil painting. In 1991 she became interested in performance as an art form. Since then her work has encompassed performance, video, photography, and installation.
In her performance art, Yamaoaka focuses on how we see objects and things, and on human boundaries. She has said, "I define my artworks as sculptures depicting action and time and relationship between artist and audience, artist and materials, in which I attempt to create an example of the human condition."
Since the early 1990s, Yamaoka has staged performance exhibitions in Japan and abroad at art festivals and other events as well as in urban environments. Among the cities where she has returned several times with different exhibitions are her home city of Tokyo, Singapore, Jerusalem, Stockholm, Essen, Boston, Toronto and Warsaw. In 2014 she took part in the performance "Friktioner" in Uppsala, Sweden, and later that year she returned to Sweden for an exhibition in Malmö.
* Yamaoka, in performance
In the 29-minute-long film Phenomenology of Truth, she portrays a Japanese artist who one day gets to meet a Warsaw philosopher - whom she has admired at a distance.

## Work
### Performance

* More Plates (Tokyo/Singapore 1992)
* Tokyo Dragon Tornade Project (1993–96)
* Stand and Fall (Warsaw/Bytom, 1997–99)
* Minimal Fighting (Tokyo 1999–2003)
* Garden (Essen/Prague/Saitama/Minsk, 2002–04)
* Listen (Cologne 2003)
* Handmill (Singapore/Manila/Boston/Essen/Dresden 2004–07)
* Drill (Helsingfors 2006, Glasgow 2007, Tokyo 2009)
* Missing in Yokohama (2007–08)
* Best Place to Sleep (Tokyo/Warsaw/Boston/Zagreb/Tokyo, 2007–12)
* Wind on a castle (Chiang Mai 2007, Warsaw 2008)
* We are Elegant (Yogyakarta 2007, Jerusalem 2011, Vancouver 2011)
* Wind from Sky (Human being is Plant) (Toronto 2008)
* Come with Me (Tokyo/Toronto, 2008–09)
* Blind Game (Tokyo/Jerusalem/Girona/Stockholm/Rotterdam, 2009–12)
* Angels are Watching (Akihabara and Tokyo, 2010)
* Love or Not (Tokyo/Jerusalem, 2010/2011)
* Boil Me (Gyōda/Valencia, 2011)
* Refugee for Feets (Jerusalem/Tokyo, 2011) (workshop)
* Targeting Zigzag (Tokyo 2012)
* Left to us (Stockholm 2012)
* Invisible Experience, Unorganized Bodies (Saitama triennale 2020,Omiya,Saitama)

### Filmography

* 2009 – Phenomenology of Truth, 29 min.
# Bertram Mitford (British Army officer)

Major-General Bertram Reveley Mitford CB, CMG, DSO (6 February 1863 – 23 February 1936) was a British Army officer.

## Military career

Mitford was commissioned into the Buffs (East Kent Regiment) (later the Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)) in August 1882. He was seconded for service with the Egyptian Army in August 1886. He was transferred as a captain to the East Surrey Regiment in June 1891. He served as a deputy assistant adjutant general in September 1897.
After seeing action in the Dongola campaign, he went to South Africa during the Second Boer War. He was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order in April 1901. He had served as a staff officer, graded as an assistant adjutant general, to a column of mounted infantry, in January 1901, holding the local rank of lieutenant colonel while in his position.
Following the end of this war in June 1902, he stayed on as assistant adjutant-general to the Forces in South Africa, stationed in the Pretoria district.
He was promoted to major in June 1903 and was placed on half-pay in July 1906. He was promoted to the temporary rank of brigadier general and succeeded Colonel Edward Stevenson Browne as commander of the 6th Infantry Brigade in December 1906. He then became commander of the 9th Infantry Brigade in May 1907. He commanded the brigade until April 1910 when he relinquished his rank of brigadier general and retired from the army. In February 1912, however, he was granted the honorary rank of brigadier general.
He was recalled for service during the Great War, going on to command the 72nd Infantry Brigade in 1914 and deploying to the Western Front where he took part at the Battle of Loos in September 1915 and the Battle of the Somme in the summer of 1916. He then became general officer commanding (GOC) 42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division in March 1917, when he was promoted to temporary major general, again on the Western Front, and took part in the Battle of Passchendaele in the autumn of 1917. He handed over his command in October. He was promoted to the honorary rank of major general in February 1918.
# SAGE KE

The Science of Aging Knowledge Environment (SAGE KE) was an online scientific resource provided by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).

## History and organization

The American Association for the Advancement of Science established a collaboration with Stanford University Libraries and The Center for Resource Economics/Island Press (Island Press) in 1996 to find means to utilize internet-based technologies to enhance access to scientific information and improve the effectiveness of information transfer. The collaborative coined the term Knowledge Environment (KE) to describe the collection of electronic networking tools they were seeking to develop.
SAGE KE is the third in a series of Knowledge Environments developed by Science and AAAS, after the Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment (STKE) and AIDScience. Funding for SAGE KE comes from The Ellison Medical Foundation, founded and supported by Oracle Corporation CEO Larry Ellison.
SAGE KE published its final issue on 28 June 2006 due to lack of funding. The interactive content was discontinued during the summer of 2006, leaving the SAGE KE site as an archive by August 2006.

## Activities

The focus of SAGE KE was to provide timely access to information about advances on basic mechanisms of aging and age-related diseases through the internet, to provide searchable databases of information on aging and to provide an active environment in which biogerontologists could share and debate their understandings.

## Ouroboros

Ouroboros is a WordPress community weblog devoted to research in the biology of aging. It was established in July 2006 in reaction to the termination of the SAGE KE. The primary mission of the site is to provide timely commentary and review of recently published articles in the scholarly literature, either directly or indirectly related to aging. Articles on the site discuss a range of scientific topics, including Alzheimer's disease, bioinformatics, calorie restriction, regulation of gene expression, the role of mitochondria in the aging process, and evolutionary theories of aging.
# Stephanie Gannon

Stephanie Gannon is a camogie player, noted for her exploits at minor and senior level for her club Harps GAA. She is a three-time All Ireland Junior club medalist with Harps GAA for 2006, 2007 and 2008. She won a Player of the Year title at Minor grade.

## Honours

Stephanie is the holder of numerous league medals with Harps GAA, including in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007, the only member of the team involved in every campaign. She missed a penalty in the first half of the 2005 decider, when she hit it off the post and it went wide, and then she missed another one in the second half of the 2006 decider, when she hit it up into the air and wide.
# Liné Malan

Liné Malan (born 20 June 1992) is a field hockey player from South Africa, who plays as a midfielder.

## Personal life

Liné Malan was born in the United Kingdom. At the age of three, her family moved to Paarl, South Africa.
Her brother, Dawid, is an international cricketer for England.

## Career
### Domestic leagues

Malan has played domestically in South Africa, England and Australia.
In 2017 she was a member of the Wineland Wings in season two of the South African Premier Hockey League.
Following her move to Australia in 2018, Malan has been a regular fixture in the national league for Western Australian teams the WA Diamonds in the AHL, and the Perth Thundersticks in the Sultan Bran Hockey One League.

### International career
#### Under–21

Liné Malan made her debut for the South Africa U–21 team in 2013 at the FIH Junior World Cup in Mönchengladbach.

#### National team

Malan made her debut for the national team in 2015, during a test event against Chile and Belgium in Cape Town. She followed this up with an appearance at the 2014–15 FIH World League Semi-finals in Valencia.
She last represented the national team in 2016 during the Cape Town Summer Series.
# Deborah Hartin

Deborah Marie Hartin (September 15, 1933 – March 15, 2005) was an American lecturer and activist. Her 1970 divorce following a gender transition made national headlines, and she went on to appear on numerous talk shows. Hartin was selected by the second The Book of Lists (1983) as one of ten prominent transexuals (the terms transgender and trans woman not being in wide use during the 1980s) and she was featured in the 1978 documentary Let Me Die a Woman.

## Life and career

Prior to transition, Hartin served in the United States Navy starting in 1953. While stationed in Pensacola, Florida, Hartin married, and the couple had a daughter in 1955. The marriage led to a separation in 1957, and after moving to Casablanca in 1966, Hartin transitioned in 1970. Her divorce that year made headlines as one of the first publicized divorces due to transition.
In 1971, Hartin brought suit against the Bureau of Records and Statistics within the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene for refusing to update her sex designation on her birth certificate. Under pressure to accommodate trans citizens, the Bureau had voted unanimously to omit a sex designation from the amended birth certificates of transsexual people. Hartin's suit Deborah Hartin v. Director of the Bureau of Records and Statistics was dismissed in 1973.
Hartin told reporters she planned to convert to Judaism in 1976. Soon after, she stopped making media appearances.
# Thomas Wilkinson (VC 1855)

Thomas Wilkinson, VC (1831 – 22 September 1887) was a British soldier and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

## Military career

Wilkinson was about 24 years old, and a bombardier in the Royal Marine Artillery, Royal Marines, during the Crimean War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross (VC).
On 7 June 1855 at Sebastopol, Crimea, Bombardier Wilkinson was especially recommended for gallant conduct with the advanced batteries. He worked at the task of placing sandbags to repair damage done to the defences under a most galling fire.
Wilkinson later achieved the rank of sergeant instructor. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Marines Museum, Southsea, England.
# Philipose Eusebius

Philipose Mar Eusebius (died 2009) was a bishop in India. From 1 August 1985 he has been designated as Assistant Metropolitan of Thumpamon Diocese and from 1990 onwards he became the Metropolitan of Thumpamon Diocese.
# Salem Public Library (Massachusetts)

The Salem Public Library is a public library at 370 Essex Street in Salem, Massachusetts. The library building was constructed in 1855 for John Bertram, a prominent sea captain, and his family.
On December 1, 1887, the Bertram family wrote a letter stating their intent to donate the Italianate style mansion to the city of Salem for use as a library, and the city accepted the offer. The library opened its doors on July 8, 1889. The library is part of the North of Boston Library Exchange (NOBLE), a consortium of 26 public and academic libraries, and is located within the Chestnut Street Historic District.
# Lungile Tsolekile

Lungile Tsolekile (born 19 April 1984) is a South African field hockey player who competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics.
He was head coach of the Mapungubwe Mambas in the Men's Premier Hockey League in 2019.
# Christine Hunschofsky

Christine Hunschofsky is an American politician from the state of Florida. A Democrat, she has been a member of the Florida House of Representatives since 2020, after serving as the mayor of Parkland from 2016 to 2020.

## Early life

Hunschofsky grew up in Boston, and attended Boston Latin School. She graduated from Boston University with a Bachelor of Science in business administration and a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy. She also graduated from Babson College in 1996 with her MBA.

## Political career
### Mayor of Parkland

After moving to Parkland, Hunschofsky became involved with the community. She was a member of the Parkland Education Advisory Board for 7 years, wrote for Parkland Life Magazine, and was involved with the Mary Help of Christians Catholic Church. She was elected City Commissioner in March 2013 with 84 percent of the vote, and in 2016 ran for Mayor of Parkland and won with 76 percent of the vote.
Hunschofsky was mayor on February 14, 2018, when 17 were killed and another 17 were wounded in a mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland. Afterward, she and other mayors went to Washington, D.C. to lobby the federal government for stricter background checks for those purchasing guns, and other gun control measures. Their efforts were not successful, and no bill was passed at the time.
Hunschofsky spoke at a community event on the anniversary of the shooting, saying "While we are still healing, while a lot of this is still raw, to see the human spirit that we have here in Parkland, I think that's the message. We might have been shaken but we refuse to be down for the count."

### Florida House of Representatives

In 2020 she ran for Kristin Jacobs' vacated Florida House District 96 seat, receiving an endorsement from 2020 presidential candidate Pete Buttigieg, as well as local officials such as Florida Senator Kevin Rader and Representatives Dan Daley, Michael Gottlieb, and Tina Polsky, in addition to many other Florida politicians, including many mayors. She also received an endorsement from Fred Guttenberg, the father of one of the Parkland Shooting victims, who praised Hunschofsky for being "truly there for our community" and working "tirelessly to guide our city through its darkest days." She won the primary election with 72.2% of the vote to her opponent Saima Farooqui's 20.7%, who also ran against Kristin Jacobs in 2018. Hunschofsky faced no Republican opponent in the general election.

## Elections

2020 Florida's 96th House district Primary Election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Christine Hunschofsky | 13,052 | 72.0 |
| | Democratic | Saima Farooqui | 5,088 | 28.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 18,140 | 100% |
# Cantharis nigricans

Cantharis nigricans is a species of soldier beetle native to Europe.
# John Vernon Harrison

John Vernon Harrison FRSE FGS (1892-1972) was a British structural geologist, explorer and cartographer.

## Life

He was born to British parents in Bloemfontein in the Orange Free State on 16 March 1892. His father was John Frederick Harrison, a civil engineer. His family returned to Scotland in his early childhood, living at a flat at 37 Warrender Park Road in Marchmont in Edinburgh and he here attended George Watson's College. Moving to Glasgow around 1905 the family lived first at 32 Hamilton Park Terrace and then 34 Rowallan Gardens in Partick, a pleasant terraced house. In Glasgow he attended Allan Glen's School. In 1910 he began studying Science at Glasgow University. He won many prizes including the Joseph Black Medal and George Roger Muirhead Prize for Chemistry. He was particularly influenced by his Geology teacher, Prof John Walter Gregory. He graduated BSc with distinction in 1914.
His first employment after graduation was as an explosives chemist. Despite this apparent appropriate role his inexperience led him to more standard service during the First World War, during which he served as a lieutenant in the Royal Engineers in Mesopotamia. In 1918 he was transferred to the Anglo-Persian Oil Company to work as a geologist in relation to fuel supplies. He remained in this role after the war ended, working mainly in Persia and Iraq, and being responsible for sourcing many of the oil-fields still in production today. During this period he also mapped an area of 30,000 square miles in the Zagros Mountain Range. In the 1930s he was in great demand from China to South America. In 1938 Oxford University offered him a post lecturing in Structural Geology, being seen as the foremost expert in his field. In 1931 Glasgow University awarded him an honorary doctorate (DSc). In 1934 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were John Smith Flett, Edward Battersby Bailey, Murray Macgregor, and William McLintock.
He enlisted in the Army Reserves at the outset of the Second World War and was called up to work as a geologist for the Admiralty in 1943.
In 1961 the Geological Society of London had awarded him their Lyell Medal for outstanding contributions to geology.
He retired in 1959 and died in Oxford on 30 July 1972.

## Family

He married Janet Mitchell Marr Dingwall (d.1971), a fellow geologist, in 1939.

## Publications

* A Geological Map of the Amazon Basin (1957)
# Imakita Kosen

Imakita Kōsen (今北 洪川, 3 August 1816 – 16 January 1892) was a Japanese Rinzai Zen rōshi and Neo-Confucianist.
Kosen did his Zen training under Daisetsu Shoen (1797–1855) at Sōkoku-ji and received inka from Gisan Zenkai at Sōgen-ji in Okayama. Kosen was instrumental in bringing Zen to lay practitioners and to the west. Kosen's Dharma heir Soyen Shaku participated in the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago, which introduced Soyen Shaku's student D. T. Suzuki to Paul Carus and western Theosophy. Kosen's dharma descendant Tetsuo Sōkatsu established Ningen Zen Kyodan, an independent lay-Rinzai school.
As one-time head abbot of Engakuji in Kamakura, Japan, he was known as a government loyalist and is remembered for his support of Emperor Meiji—in the 1870s serving as Doctrinal Instructor for the Ministry of Doctrine.
# Salem Social Library

The Salem Social Library (1760-1810) or Social Library in Salem was a proprietary library in Salem, Massachusetts. "Twenty-eight gentlemen ... subscribed 165 guineas. ... A Boston minister, [Jeremy Condy], was employed to buy the books in London and the library opened in a brick schoolhouse May 20, 1761, with 415 volumes including gifts given by members. The revolution was a bitter blow to many of the gentlemen who had founded the library. Many of the proprietors fled to England. ... In 1784 the library made a new start in new quarters in the new ... schoolhouse. Here they remained about 15 years, the schoolmaster acting as librarian." "In 1797 they became incorporated;" Edward Augustus Holyoke, Jacob Ashton, Joseph Hiller, and Edward Pulling served as signatories. "There were over 40 proprietors when in 1810 the library was turned over to the [Salem] Athenaeum."

## Subscribers

* Samuel Barnard
* Thomas Barnard
* Samuel Barton Jr.
* Joseph Blaney
* Joseph Bowditch
* William Browne
* Francis Cabot
* Joseph Cabot
* S. Curwen
* Richard Derby
* William Eppes
* Samuel Gardner
* Samuel Gardner Jr.
* Stephen Higginson
* E.A. Holyoke
* William Jeffry
* Daniel King
* John Nutting Jr.
* A. Oliver Jr.
* Timothy Orne
* Benjamin Pickman
* Benjamin Pickman Jr.
* Ebenezer Putnam
* William Pynchon
* Nathaniel Ropes
* William Vans
* W. Walter
# Nutty News

Nutty News is a 1942 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Bob Clampett. The short was released on May 23, 1942. Elmer Fudd's voice can be heard as the unseen narrator.

## Plot

Elmer Fudd greets the audience and tells recent news covering: hunting season opens in the Rocky Mountains; a scientific study that reveals the secrets of life;fireflies in Eastern states; Frank Putty, the famous artist; and new safety signs, among other things.

## Cast

* Arthur Q. Bryan as Elmer Fudd (voiceover)
* Mel Blanc as the Moose Call, Barber, the Man Having Dinner, the Multiplying Rabbits, the Fireflies, Frank Putty, Papa Duck, Baby Chick, Sandy, Hunting Dogs, Lead Dog

## Legacy

This ’spot-gag cartoon’ is listed among the 100 greatest Looney Tunes productions.