OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elephas hysudrindicus

Elephas hysudrindicus, commonly known also as the Blora elephant in Indonesia (lit. Gajah Blora in Indonesian), is a species of extinct elephant from the Pleistocene of Java. It is anatomically distinct from the Asian elephant, the last remaining species of elephant under the genus Elephas. The species existed from around the end of the Early Pleistocene until the end of the Middle Pleistocene, when it was replaced by the modern Asian elephant in Java. It coexisted with the fellow proboscidean Stegodon trigonocephalus, as well as archaic humans belonging to the species Homo erectus.

## Taxonomy

When Eugène Dubois described the species in 1908, he failed to designate a holotype specimen. In 2017, the partial skull RGM.DUB 4968–4969 in the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden was designated the lectotype. It was excavated in Tinggang, Bojonegoro, and was Dubois' original fossil material. It is considered to be closely related to the extinct Elephas hysudricus of mainland Asia, which it is possibly descended from.
A fossil was excavated from Sunggun archaeological site, Medalem, Kradenan Subregency, Blora in March 2009. It was excavated 13 kilometres west of the original Tinggang site and was found almost completely intact (estimating about 90%), about a few feet under the dirt in a former sand quarry in the village. Both the skull and mandible were found to possess complete grinding molars, indicating that the individual was an adult specimen by time of death. It was then brought to the Bandung Geological Museum which was then put to display.

## Ecology

Isotopic analysis suggests a primarily C4 grazing dominated diet, similar to that inferred for Stegodon trigonocephalus, suggesting that they occupied open habitats on the island.
# Dick Metcalf

Dick Metcalf (May 3, 1946 to October 14, 2023) was an American journalist best known for having written for Guns & Ammo, where he also served as a technical editor, as well as having been in TV programs such as the Sportsman Channel's "Modern Rifle Adventures TV". Having "devoted nearly his entire adult life" to discussing the arms industry, he also is a U.S. Army veteran that has served as a faculty member of the history departments at the Yale and Cornell Universities. He died on October 14, 2023, at the age of 77.

## Background and career

Metcalf was born and raised in Illinois on a family farm, property dating back generations. From childhood on, he grew more and more interested in shooting and hunting, particularly hunting with handguns. He has served in the U.S. Army and as a teacher of history at both Yale and Cornell.
He has written about firearms for decades. He's a former columnist for Guns & Ammo and has served as a technical editor of the magazine. He's additionally been a TV personality, appearing in the Sportsman Channel's show "Modern Rifle Adventures TV".
He was seen as a hunting and self-defense enthusiast.

## Controversial dismissal from Guns & Ammo

In November 2013, Metcalf was fired from Guns & Ammo after a column he wrote on what he thought were appropriate limits to Second Amendment rights became controversial and sponsors of the magazine threatened to withdraw funding.
Before Metcalf's dismissal, the article had been praised by the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. The firing was criticized by a variety of publications, including conservative and pro-gun-rights periodicals such as National Review. Metcalf's column had been approved for publication by his editors at Guns & Ammo; subsequent to publication editor Jim Bequette issued an apology to the publication's enraged readership.
A TV colleague remarked to The Washington Times that Metcalf had "provided a great service to the firearms community as a reviewer of guns" but that the controversy "could be awfully hard to recover from."

## Viewpoints

He has stated that "way too many gun owners still seem to believe that any regulation of the right to keep and bear arms is an infringement" and that "all constitutional rights are regulated, always have been, and need to be". In terms of specific policies, he supports the requirement of adults getting a concealed carry license to take gun safety and handling classes. In his opinion, the fact that U.S. culture and law doesn't treat the First Amendment's protections of free speech as absolute shows that other protections shouldn't be treated as such either.
# BronxArtSpace

BronxArtSpace is a non-profit gallery that promotes underrepresented and emerging artists and curators. It is an independent venue not associated with any college or institution.
It fosters arts education through exhibitions and cultural events in Mott Haven in the South Bronx, New York City. Events include exhibitions in collaboration with visual artists, performers, filmmakers, dancers, musicians, actors and curators. BronxArtSpace was started in 2008 by artists Linda Cunningham and Mitsu Hadeishi.
When she couldn't afford living in Soho anymore, Cunningham moved to an apartment building in Mott Haven. She renovated the five-story building on East 140th Street and created the BronxArtSpace gallery on the ground floor.

## Recent developments

In 2021 Hunter College alumna Beverly Emers made her curatorial debut at BronxArtSpace, she presented “Giving Light: An Art Antidote to Gun Violence”, an art exhibition of diverse media about gun violence as a public health crisis. Participating artists included: Élan Cadiz, Julia Justo, Morcey Felix, Nicky Enright, Shelley Feinerman, Noble Dre Ali, Ron Baker, Siva Daniel, Tammy Wofsey, Tasha Douge and Wilhelmina Grant.
# Yuval Pugach

Yuval Pugach (Hebrew: יובל פוגאץ'; born 15 November 2001) is an Israeli badminton player.
She was the women's doubles champion at the 2015 Hatzor International, also won the National Championships titles partnered with Alina Pugach in 2016 and 2017. At the 2022 Maccabiah Games, she won a gold medal in mixed doubles and a silver medal in women's doubles.

## Achievements
### BWF International Challenge/Series (1 title, 1 runner-up)

Women's doubles
| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2019 | Hatzor International | Shery Rotshtein | Heli Neiman Ksenia Polikarpova | 15–21, 9–21 | Runner-up |
| 2015 | Hatzor International | Alina Pugach | Dana Danilenko Margeret Lurie | 21–18, 22–20 | Winner |
    BWF International Challenge tournament
    BWF International Series tournament
    BWF Future Series tournament
# Epigeus (crater)

Epigeus is the largest known impact crater on Jupiter's Galilean satellite Ganymede, with a diameter of 343 km. It is 6.5% the mean equatorial diameter of Ganymede, 5,270 km (3,270 mi). It is located in Marius Regio. Epigeus was named after the Phoenician god; this name was approved by the International Astronomical Union in 1997.
At the center of Epigeus, there is a 25-km-radius region of sub-radial dark-floored troughs or fractures. These troughs range from approximately 150 to 250 m across, are generally linear, and merge in dendritic or anastomosing patterns. The troughs exhibit two orthogonal preferred orientations, trending north–south and east–west. A bright, rough-textured, lobate deposit occupies the central 15 to 20 km of this region and locally surrounds troughs up to 25 km from the palimpsest center. This bright region consists of massifs 200 to 300 m across separated by 200 to 300 m. The outer ring is a complex zone corresponding to a crater diameter. The zone between those two rings is relatively smooth and it is covered in small knobs. Several lobes of this unit appear to have flowed into Valleys within this outer ring zone. The smooth units in the center and between the inner and outer rings may be a solidified impact-melt sheet. Epigeus' basin is rich with ice deposits.
# Nandito Ako... Nagmamahal sa 'Yo

Nandito Ako... Nagmamahal sa 'Yo is a 2009 Philippine romantic-drama film, starring Aljur Abrenica and Kris Bernal. It was directed by Maryo J. de los Reyes under Regal Entertainment.

## Plot summary

Tata (Aljur Abrenica) believes that Bohol is the ultimate paradise of hope for his slum dog life in Quiapo. When his ailing mother suddenly wished for them to transfer to Bohol, Tata's life underwent a major turning point. Upon his arrival, Tata will be shocked to find out that his biological father is still alive and that he has a stepbrother named Prince (Baron Geisler). Much to his surprise, Tata was immediately accepted by his new family and found a new life with them. As Tata begins his new life in Bohol, he will also discover the true love that he has been long waiting for in the personification of Stephanie (Kris Bernal), a rich and lovely lass. But when he finds out that Stephanie is the soon to be bride of Prince, Tata will have to toughly choose between family and his destiny.

## Cast
### Main cast

* Aljur Abrenica as Lorenzo "Tata" Lugod
* Kris Bernal as Stephanie "Steph" Lozano

### Supporting cast

* Baron Geisler as Prince Suganob
* Valeen Montenegro as Rubylyn Alba
* Ana Capri as Aida Lugod
* Lloyd Samartino as Orly Suganob
* Julio Diaz as Eddie Lozano
* Carlo Aquino as Makoy Flores
* Gerald Madrid as Fr. Manny Lozano
* Anton Bernardo as Rosauro Alimentado
* Lailette Boiser as Gemma Alimentado
* Disi Alba as Cheng Lozano
* Say Alonzo as Kyla
* Cathy Remperas as Jane
* Dean Pastrano as Roy
# Talladega (song)

"Talladega" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Eric Church. It was released in September 2014 as the fourth single from his 2014 album The Outsiders. Church wrote this song with Luke Laird.

## Background and content

"Talladega" is a song about a man who is sharing memories from a trip made to Talladega Superspeedway with friends after his senior year in high school. According to Church, this song was written and partially recorded on July 7, 2012, while he was on tour. It was later recorded with his band in Nashville for release on The Outsiders. Church took inspiration from watching a NASCAR race on television, but both he and co-writer Luke Laird said that the song is not really about racing. Rather, Church said that the race and the song represents "that experience, whatever that is: the experience with the person next to you, and knowing that that’s probably a finite time in your life. It’s not gonna last forever."

## Commercial performance

"Talladega" debuted on the Country Digital Songs chart at No. 29, and Hot Country Songs at No. 41, with 14,000 sold when the album The Outsiders was released in February 2014. After the song was released as a single in September, it debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 chart at No. 90 for the charted dated November 8, 2014. It peaked at No. 43 on the Hot 100 for the chart dated February 7, 2015, and at No. 2 on the Hot Country Songs chart a week later. As of March 2015, the single has sold 534,000 copies in the United States. It was certified Platinum by the RIAA for a million units in sales and streams on November 11, 2016.

## Music video

The accompanying music video of this song was directed by Peter Zavadil and premiered in December 2014. Despite its title, the video was not filmed at Talladega Superspeedway, but was filmed at Nashville Superspeedway.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2014–2015) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 51 |
| Canada Country (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 43 |
| US Country Airplay (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 2 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2014) | Position |
| US Country Airplay (Billboard) | 93 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 95 |
| Chart (2015) | Position |
| US Country Airplay (Billboard) | 45 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 41 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | 3× Platinum | 3,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Jay de la Cueva

Javier Fernando de la Cueva Rosales (born January 5, 1978), known professionally as Jay de la Cueva or Bryan Amadeus Moderatto is a Mexican model, actor, producer, singer, bassist, drummer, guitarist, pianist and songwriter. He has participated in several bands throughout his career, including Micro Chips, Fobia, Molotov and Moderatto.

## Career

Jay de la Cueva's professional musical carrer began with the children's rock group Micro Chips, where he played bass. He later joined Victimas del Dr. Cerebro for about a year and a half, before joining Los Odio! and, later, founding Molotov with Micky Huidobro and Tito Fuentes. In 1995, Jay de la Cueva left Molotov to join the band Fobia.
In 1999, Jay de la Cueva joined the electronic band Titán. He is also a member of the supergroup Mexrrissey.
From 2001 to 2023, Jay de la Cueva, under the artistic persona Bryan Amadeus Moderatto, was the founding member and lead guitarist of Moderatto.
In 2024, Jay de la Cueva released his first solo album, the self-titled Jay de la Cueva.

## Bands

* Micro Chips – bass
* Victimas del Dr. Cerebro – drums
* Los Odio! – guitar
* Molotov – bass
* Titán – bass
* Fobia – drums, bass
* Moderatto – lead singer, guitar, piano
* Mexrrissey – guitar, bass, vocals
* Santo Ritual – bass, guitar, vocals
* The Guapos – guitar, vocals
# The Gambia at the 2018 Commonwealth Games

The Gambia competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast, Australia from April 4 to April 15, 2018. It was The Gambia's 11th appearance at the Commonwealth Games.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors participating at the Games per sport/discipline.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Athletics | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| Total | 4 | 2 | 6 |

## Athletics

The Gambia participated with 6 athletes (4 men and 2 women).

### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Ebrahima Camara | 100 m | 10.50 | 4 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Assan Faye | 100 m | 10.52 | 5 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Adama Jammeh | 100 m | 10.59 | 3 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Abdoulie Asim | 200 m | 21.79 | 6 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Ebrahima Camara | 200 m | 21.58 | 6 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Adama Jammeh | 200 m | 21.11 | 3 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Abdoulie Asim Ebrahima Camara Assan Faye Adama Jammeh | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.57 | 4 | — | — | did not advance | did not advance |

### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Gina Bass | 100 m | 11.50 | 2 Q | 11.64 | 3 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Ola Buwaro | 100 m | 12.11 | 6 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Gina Bass | 200 m | 23.24 | 3 Q | 23.60 | 5 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Ola Buwaro | 200 m | 24.66 | 7 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# William Tomson

William Fox Tomson (18 May 1842 – 12 June 1882) was an English cricketer active in 1861. He was born at Ramsgate, Kent.
He made one appearance in first-class cricket for Kent against England at Lord's in 1861. He batted once in the match, scoring 2 runs before he was dismissed by Billy Caffyn, as well as taking a single catch in England's first-innings, with Kent winning the match by an innings and 74 runs.
Tomson had at least one daughter. He died at the town of his birth on 12 June 1882.
# G for George

G for George is an Avro Lancaster Mk. I bomber, squadron code AR-G and serial number W4783, operated by No. 460 Squadron RAAF during World War II. It is now preserved at the Australian War Memorial (AWM), Canberra, Australia.

## History

G-George flew 90 operational sorties over occupied Europe with 460 Squadron, and is the second most prolific surviving Lancaster, behind R5868 S for Sugar of No. 83 Squadron RAF/No. 463 Squadron RAAF/No. 467 Squadron RAAF (137 sorties). Most operational Lancasters were shot down before they had reached 20 sorties: of the 107,085 sorties by Lancasters despatched in bombing raids on Germany 2,687 aircraft went missing. G-George has the added distinction of bringing home, alive, every crewman who flew aboard it.
Upon retirement from combat duty in 1944, G-George was flown to Australia by an all-RAAF crew of Bomber Command veterans, and played a major part in raising war bonds during a round-Australia publicity trip. Post-war, it was left to decay in the open air at RAAF Base Fairbairn, before being moved to the AWM in the early 1950s.
In 2003, G-George returned to display at the AWM in the new ANZAC Hall after a five-year restoration program at the Treloar Technology Centre, which restored the aircraft as faithfully as possible to its wartime configuration. It is displayed in conjunction with a sound and light show that attempts to convey something of the atmosphere of a World War II Bomber Command raid, and incorporates a German '88' flak gun and a Bf 109 fighter. The display is based on a sortie captained by Flying Officer "Cherry" Carter to Berlin on "Black Thursday" December 1943, so called because Bomber Command lost 50 of the 500 bombers detailed for the raid - more than half were lost in landing accidents due to bad weather.
G-George serves as a memorial to all Australians who flew with Bomber Command, and to the 1,018 dead of 460 Squadron.
The designation 'G-George' comes from the RAF phonetic alphabet in use at the time. Individual aircraft of a squadron were allocated a letter and would be referred to using the corresponding word from the phonetic alphabet. This identification letter ('G') would be painted on the side of the aircraft in conjunction with the two-letter squadron code, in this case 'AR-G'. Many other RAF squadrons would also have had their own 'G-George', but allied to a different squadron code such as Spitfire 'XE-G' belonging to No. 123 squadron RAF.
# Matthias Hauer

Matthias Hauer (born 18 December 1977) is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia since 2013.

## Political career

Hauer first became a member of the Bundestag in the 2013 German federal election. He is a member of the Committee on the Digital Agenda (since 2018) and the Finances Committee (since 2013).
In addition to his committee assignments, Hauer is part of the German Parliamentary Friendship Group for Relations with the States of Central America.

## Other activities

* Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin), Member of the Administrative Council
* Sparkasse Essen, Member of the Supervisory Board
* Bundesstiftung Magnus Hirschfeld, Alternate Member of the Board of Trustees

## Political positions

In June 2017, Hauer voted against his parliamentary group’s majority and in favor of Germany’s introduction of same-sex marriage.
Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2021, Hauer publicly endorsed Armin Laschet to succeed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer as the party’s chair. For the 2021 national elections, he later supported Laschet as the Christian Democrats' joint candidate to succeed Chancellor Angela Merkel.
# George Nicholls

George Nicholls may refer to:
* George Nicholls (commissioner) (1781–1865), British Poor Law Commissioner
* George Nicholls (British politician) (1864–1943), British member of parliament for North Northamptonshire, 1906–1910
* George Heaton Nicholls (1876–1959), British-born South African politician
* George Nicolls (also spelled Nicholls; c.1884–1942), Sinn Féin politician in the Irish revolutionary period
* George Nicholls Jr. (1897–1939), American director and editor
* George Nicholls (footballer) (1890–1970), English footballer
* George Nicholls (rugby league) (born 1944), English rugby league footballer
# Kaub

Kaub (German pronunciation: ; old spelling: Caub) is a town in Germany, state Rhineland-Palatinate, district Rhein-Lahn-Kreis. It is part of the municipality (Verbandsgemeinde) Loreley. It is located on the right bank of the Rhine, approx. 50 km west from Wiesbaden. It is connected to Wiesbaden and Koblenz by railway. It has a Roman Catholic and an Evangelical church, and a statue of General Blücher. Historically, trade mainly consisted of the wines of the district.
Kaub is known for the castle Pfalz, or Burg Pfalzgrafenstein, situated on a rock in the middle of the Rhine. According to legend, the Palatine countesses awaited their confinement in the Pfalz, but in reality the castle served as a toll-gate for merchandise on the Rhine. The restored castle Gutenfels sits on a hill above the town.
Kaub, first mentioned in the year 983, originally belonged to the lords of Falkenstein, in 1260 the Counts of Katzenelnbogen divided their county and selected the inhabitants of Kaub, then passed in 1277 to the Rhenish Electorate of the Palatinate, and attained civic rights in 1324. In 1477 Kaub was passed as deposit to the Counts of Katzenelnbogen again. In 1479 this family died out. It was at Kaub that Blücher crossed the Rhine with the Prussian and Russian armies, on New Years night 1813–1814, in pursuit of the French.

## Kaub gauging station

Kaub is the home of the Kaub gauging station, a "decisive" Rhine water level metering site. Kaub is located at the shallowest part of the Middle Rhine; ships with freight from the ports on the North Sea have to pass Kaub on their way to the southwest of Germany, where a major portion of the German industry is located. Once the level at the gauge passes the 78 cm mark (this is not the actual depth of the river), a low water level threshold is declared. At this level, due to much lower possible load, four time more barges are required to transport the same volume of goods as compared to the high (250 cm) level.

## Mayors

The honorary mayor is Martin Buschfort, elected in May 2019. His predecessor was Karl-Heinz Lachmann (SPD), in office between 2009 and 2019. From 1989 to 2009 Heribert Werr (KBL) was the mayor. Lachmann was reelected in 2014.
Kaub was part of the temporary state Free State of Bottleneck (German: Freistaat Flaschenhals) from 1919 to 1923.

## Gallery

* Burg Pfalzgrafenstein and Burg Gutenfels with Kaub
* Kaub, with the castles Pfalzgrafenstein and Burg Gutenfels
* Castles Pfalzgrafenstein & Gutenfels
* Castle Pfalzgrafenstein
* Kaub & Castle Pfalzgrafenstein