OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jonathan Backhouse

Sir Jonathan Edmund Backhouse, 1st Baronet, JP (15 November 1849 – 27 July 1918) was a British banker.
Backhouse was a director of Backhouse's Bank the family bank in Darlington, County Durham, one of the leading country banks that merged in 1896 to create the modern Barclays Bank, of which he became a director. He was created a baronet in 1901
He served as a Justice of the Peace (J.P.) for Durham and the North Riding of Yorkshire. He was for many years an active Liberal Unionist. In 1881 he was resident at The Rookery, Middleton Tyas, North Yorkshire.
He was the son of Edmund Backhouse, member of parliament for Darlington, and his wife, Juliet (born Fox). He married in 1871 Florence Salusbury-Trelawny, daughter of Sir John Salusbury-Trelawny, 9th Baronet. Lady Backhouse was for some years a member of the Darlington Board of Guardians, and took a lively interest in the Liberal Unionist cause. She died at Uplands, Darlington on 11 October 1902. They had six children (five sons and a daughter), most of whom distinguished themselves, though in different ways. Of these, the most famous was the fourth son, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger Backhouse who was First Sea Lord from 1938 to 1939. Their second son, Admiral Oliver Backhouse, also reached flag rank in the Royal Navy. A daughter, Lady Findlay DBE, was a prominent activist.
Their eldest son, Edmund, garnered posthumous notoriety following the publication in 1976 of his biography by Hugh Trevor-Roper, Regius Professor of Modern History at Oxford, in which Edmund was exposed as a serial forger and confidence trickster.

## Jonathan Backhouse: the bank

Backhouse & Co was established in Darlington in 1774 by James Backhouse and his eldest son Jonathan. The family were linen and worsted manufacturers and had already been doing banking business in conjunction with their regular trade before they started an independent bank. James died in 1798 and the name of the bank was changed to Jonathan Backhouse. Jonathan's younger brother James was brought in as a partner at that time. Backhouse became the leading private bank in the region. Branches were opened in Durham in 1815 and Sunderland in 1816, both following the failure of local banks. More branches and agencies were opened in the 1820s in the Teesside region. By the time of the bank's centenary in 1874, it had ten branches in the Darlington and Teesside area including Middlesbrough, Hartlepool and Northallerton.
Jonathan had died in 1826 and was succeeded by his five sons; the bank stayed under family ownership for the remainder of its independent existence. In the early 1890s discussions took place on the potential merger of 20 country banks to form one large national organisation. As these negotiations became protracted, Jonathan Backhouse joined with Barclay & Co, of London and Gurney & Co. of Norwich to enter into a preliminary agreement to combine. The 17 other banks were then invited to join and the merger was completed in 1896.
# André Luiz (footballer, born 2002)

André Luiz Inácio da Silva (born 23 February 2002), commonly known as just André or André Luiz, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Primeira Liga club Rio Ave.

## Club career
### Flamengo

Born in Rio de Janeiro, André Luiz began his career with Flamengo and made his professional debut for the club on 9 December 2021 in a Campeonato Brasileiro Série A match against Atlético Goianiense.

#### Estrela da Amadora (loan)

On 1 September 2023, recently-promoted to the Portuguese Primeira Liga side Estrela da Amadora announced the signing of André Luiz on a season-long loan from Flamengo.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 2 April 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | State League | State League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Flamengo | 2021 | Série A | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Flamengo | 2022 | Série A | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Flamengo | 2023 | Série A | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 |
| Flamengo | Total | Total | 4 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 1 |
| Estrela da Amadora (loan) | 2023–24 | Primeira Liga | 20 | 3 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 21 | 3 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 24 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 4 |
* 1 2 Appearance(s) in Campeonato Carioca
# Katharina Paulus

Katharina "Käthe" Paulus (22 December 1868 – 26 July 1935) was a German exhibition parachute jumper and the inventor of the first collapsible parachute. At the time, 1910, the parachute was named "rescue apparatus for aeronauts". The previous parachutes were not able to fit in a case like apparatus worn on the back, thus Paulus' invention became of paramount importance for the Germans in the First World War and she produced about 7,000 parachutes for the German forces. During the First World War, Paulus created approximately 125 parachutes a week. She was also credited with inventing the "drag 'chute", an intentional breakaway system where one small parachute opens to pull out the main parachute.
Paulus was an avid aeronaut herself and logged over 510 balloon flights and over 165 parachute jumps in her lifetime. She was the first German to be a professional air pilot and the first German woman aerial acrobat.
Despite the fact that hot air balloons are currently known as a sort of tourist attraction, during the final decades of the 19th century these hot air balloons were on the cutting edge of technology, and were popular before the invention of airplane.

## Life

Paulus was born in Zellhausen, today part of Mainhausen, near Frankfurt, Germany, into a working-class family. Her father worked as a day laborer and died when she was nineteen years old. After his death, Paulus picked up her mother's trade of seamstressing to help support the family. At 21, she met Hermann Lattemann, a well-known balloonist, and began working as his assistant to repair the balloons with her skills as a seamstress. Paulus and Lattemann begun to develop their professional and personal relationship, until Paulus began to parachute herself, and the two eventually were married. They had a son, Willy Hermann Paulus, who later died of diphtheria. In 1895, the couple were on a joint jump when Lattlemann's parachute failed to deploy. Paulus watched him fall to his death.
While grieving the death of her husband, Paulus stayed in bed for months. During this time, thousands of admirers mailed letters of support to her to request she continue her career of being a ballooner. She then bought four new parachutes and set off on a tour of Europe using the stage name Miss Polly. She performed theatrically, using acrobatic feats and even riding a bicycle suspending from a hot air balloon's basket. Paulus became an international success.
Paulus completed her last balloon jump at age 63 on August 5, 1931.

## Death

Paulus died at the age of 66 and is buried in a cemetery in Reinickendorf.

## Honors

* In 2006, a street in Berlin was named after Paulus titled "The Katharina-Paulus-Straße". It was formerly titled Lehrter station. It is located between Europaplatz in the north and Old Moabit in the south.
* A street is named in her honor in Frankfurt-Bockenheim
* Paulus was the first German woman to parachute out of a hot air balloon.
* In 1917, Paulus received a Service Cross of Merit after twenty balloon German troops parachuted to safety.
* Paulus will be inducted into the International Skydiving Hall of Fame in September 2024
# The Gamblers

The Gamblers may refer to:

## Film

* The Gamblers, a 1919 American drama film directed by Paul Scardon
* The Gamblers (1929 film), an American drama film directed by Michael Curtiz
* The Gamblers (1950 film), a French film based on the play by Nikolai Gogol
* The Gamblers (1970 film), an American film directed by Ron Winston based on the Gogol play

## Literature

* The Gamblers, a 1901 novel by William Le Queux
* The Gamblers, a 1997 novel by Matt Braun
* The Gamblers, a 2018 photo book by Martin Amis

## Music

* The Gamblers (British band), primarily backing band of Billy Fury on Decca then Parlophone
* The Gamblers (surf band), an American surf rock band

## Stage works

* The Gamblers (Gogol), an 1840 play by Nikolai Gogol
* The Gamblers (Shostakovich), or Igroki, an unfinished opera by Dmitri Shostakovich

## Other

* Houston Gamblers, US Football League team
# Ahna Girshick

Ahna Girshick is a multidisciplinary artist, computer scientist and neuroscientist. Girshick's unique career combines her background in computational neuroscience and computer science with her artistic practice, creating works that explore the nature of artificial and human perception.

## Early life and education

Ahna Girshick earned her Ph.D. in Vision Science from the University of California, Berkeley in 2007. Under the advisory of Prof. Marty Banks, her research focused on understanding visual processing in the brain. Her academic work contributed to advancements in computational neuroscience including her highly cited Nature Neuroscience paper written during her postdoctoral studies with Michael S. Landy and Eero Simoncelli at New York University, "Cardinal rules: visual orientation perception reflects knowledge of environmental statistics."
Prior to training as a neuroscientist, Girshick earned undergraduate and graduate degrees in Computer Science from the University of Minnesota. She studied under Victoria Interrante with whom she developed a algorithm to render non-photorealistic pen-and-ink style line drawings in the style of the Old Masters. Later she worked on perceptual research and computer vision algorithms for self-driving cars at Nissan's (since closed) Cambridge Basic Research Lab.
Between her research areas in computer science, perceptual neuroscience, and later genetics, Ahna Girshick has published over 20 peer-reviewed publications, three patents and two patents pending.

## Career

After completing her post-doctoral training, Girshick applied her computer science and neuroscience skills to AI-assisted medical imaging as head of product at the medical startup Enlitic. She later managed machine learning product research at Ancestry DNA as a manager of Computational Genomics Research.
In the 2020s, Girshick turned her attention to the arts, where she uses technology to investigate themes of perception, reality, and artificial intelligence. Her artworks include digitally-generated imagery, interactive installations, and traditional paintings. By merging scientific principles with creative expression, Girshick's work invites audiences to question the nature of perception and the role of technology in shaping our understanding of the world.

## Personal life

Ahna Girshick is married to new media artist and author Scott Snibbe. She is the granddaughter of diplomat and information theorist Fazlollah Reza, and great-grand-niece of game theorist Meyer Girshick.
# Omaha School District (Arkansas)

Omaha School District is a public school district in Boone County, Arkansas, United States which serves the city of Omaha (Arkansas) and surrounding unincorporated areas within Boone County.

## Schools

Omaha High School serves ninth to twelfth grades. In the 2009–2010 academic year, the total enrollment in the school was 185 and total full-time teachers was 24.60, with a teacher/student ratio of 7.52.
Omaha Elementary School serves pre-school to sixth grades. In the 2009–2010 academic year, the total enrollment in the school was 284 and total full-time teachers was 22.40, with a teacher/student ratio of 12.68.

## Demographics

Within the geographic area covered by the Omaha School District, there were around 590 individuals under the age of 18, during the 2009–2010 academic year.
# Ihor Petrashko

Ihor Rostyslavovych Petrashko (Ukrainian: Ігор Ростиславович Петрашко; born 6 October 1975) is a US educated economist who served as Minister of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine from 17 March 2020, until 18 May 2021.

## Biography

Born 6 October 1975, in Stryi, Petrashko studied at the Lviv Polytechnic. In 2001, he received an MBA from the Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN, United States).
Petrashko worked in leading US and International companies such as Globalspec (a leading engineering company based in Albany, NY), Intelsat (an International Satellite Communication company based in Washington, DC)
Petrashko worked as a Partner and Head of Transaction Advisory Services at Ernst & Young. and Managing Director and Head of Investment Banking Division at Troika Dialog Investment company. From Dec 2012 to April 2013 Petrashko briefly headed a corporate business department of Sberbank in Kyiv, Ukraine (after Troika Dialog has been acquired by Sberbank).
Since April 2013, Petrashko has been working in the private sector for several companies and in roles with responsibilities in corporate finance, strategic advisory and special situations consulting.
On 17 March 2020, Petrashko was appointed as the Minister of Economic Development, Trade and Agriculture. On 17 December 2020, this ministry lost its responsibility for Ukraine's agricultural policy due to creation of separate Ministry of Agricultural Policy and Food.
On 14 May 2021, Petrashko offered his resignation as Minister. On 18 May 2021, the Ukrainian parliament dismissed him as Minister.
Since his resignation, Petrashko has been working in the USA in consulting and energy sector specializing on Project Finance, capital raising and Special Situation Advisory.
# Concept and object

In the philosophy of language, the distinction between concept and object is attributable to the German philosopher Gottlob Frege in 1892 (in his paper "Concept and Object"; German: "Über Begriff und Gegenstand").

## Overview

According to Frege, any sentence that expresses a singular thought consists of an expression (a proper name or a general term plus the definite article) that signifies an object together with a predicate (the copula "is", plus a general term accompanied by the indefinite article or an adjective) that signifies a concept. Thus "Socrates is a philosopher" consists of "Socrates", which signifies the object Socrates, and "is a philosopher", which signifies the concept of being a philosopher.
The distinction was of fundamental importance to the development of logic and mathematics. Frege's distinction helped to clarify the notions of a set, of the membership relation between element and set, and of empty and infinite sets. However, Frege's conception of a class (in his terminology an extension of a concept) differs from the current iterative conception of a set.
Frege's distinction leads to the famous difficulty or "awkwardness of language" that some expressions which purport to signify a concept — Frege's example is "the concept horse" — are grammatically expressions that by his criterion signify an object. Thus "the concept horse is not a concept, whereas the city of Berlin is a city."
Anthony Kenny sought to justify the distinction, other philosophers such as Hartley Slater and Crispin Wright have argued that the distinguished category of entity cannot be associated with predication in the way that individual objects are associated with the use of singular terms.
# Laila Vakil

Laila Vakil (born 21 March 1974) is a former synchronised swimmer from Great Britain. She competed in both the women's solo and the women's duet competitions at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Red Oak Public Library

The Red Oak Public Library is located in Red Oak, Iowa, United States. Andrew Carnegie accepted the city's application for a grant for $12,500 on November 27, 1906. The Chicago architectural firm of Patton & Miller designed the Tudor Revival structure. It was dedicated on October 8, 1909.
The two-story building features a side-gable plan, and rustic brick-and-half-timbered style. It is somewhat unusual in that its main entrance was at grade. The corners are buttresses that rise from the base in a concave curve and disappear into the walls before they emerge above the eaves as parapets. A two-story addition was built onto the rear of the building in 1924 to house a new book stack, and another two-story addition was built on the south side to house reading rooms. Both additions complement the structure's original design. The building was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. In 2016 it was included as a contributing property in the Red Oak Downtown Historic District.
# Abildsø

Abildsø (pronunciation) is a neighborhood in the borough Østensjø in Oslo, Norway. It is located south of Manglerud and Ryen, east of Lambertseter, north of Langerud and east of Bøler the lake Østensjøvannet. During the late 1800s, Abildsø was the site of Minna og Frederik Husgjerningsskole, a school for young farm girls. The school was operated by education pioneer, Minna Wetlesen and her husband Frederik Wetlesen

## The name

The neighborhood is named after the old farm Abildsø (Abildsø gård). The first element is the genitive case of apaldr m 'wild apple tree', the last element is vin f 'meadow'.
# Short Trips – Volume 3

Short Trips – Volume 3 is a Big Finish Productions audiobook based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.
After the Big Finish Short Trips books ended the range was restarted in talking book format, now read by actors with music and sound effects.
* Seven to One
* by Simon Paul Miller
* Read by Nicholas Briggs, William Russell
* Featuring The Seventh Doctor, Ace The Sixth Doctor, Peri The Fifth Doctor, Nyssa The Fourth Doctor, Romana The Third Doctor, Jo Grant The Second Doctor, Jamie The First Doctor, Susan
* The Doctor suddenly finds himself in Gray Space, a point shared by powerful Black and White entities. There he faces a seemingly simple puzzle that offers seven attempts to solve.
* The Five Dimensional Man
* by Kate Orman
* Read by David Troughton
* Featuring The Second Doctor, Zoe, Jamie
* An aspiring science fiction writer from 1959 is whisked off to the 28th Century to help stop an alien invasion.
* Pop Up
* by David Curran
* Read by Katy Manning
* Featuring The Third Doctor, Jo Grant
* Jo's compassion leads to the TARDIS being infected with advanced alien Adware.
* The Wondrous Box
* by Juliet Boyd
* Read by Louise Jameson
* Featuring The Fourth Doctor, Sarah Jane Smith
* An 1885 visit to PT Barnum's famous circus leads to a Jumbo tragedy.
* Wet Walls
* by Mathilde Madden
* Read by Peter Davison
* Featuring The Fifth Doctor, Peri
* The Doctor tries to help a mad woman in a rainy 1903 Shropshire manor house.
* Murmurs of Earth
* by M Deacon, J Middleton, & C Wraight
* Read by Colin Baker
* Featuring The Sixth Doctor, Peri
* At the edge of the Solar System lies the Oort cloud. In 2199, it is still an unexplored frontier. No one from Earth has ever seen it or the obscure asteroid within it, inhabited by strange, naked humans.
* The Riparian Ripper
* by Andrew Cartmel
* Read by Sophie Aldred
* Featuring The Seventh Doctor, Ace
* A series of brutal attacks on the banks of the Red River cause terror and confusion.
* All the Fun of the Fair
* by Bev Conway
* Read by India Fisher
* Featuring the Eighth Doctor, Lucie Miller
* An unscrupulous barker turns the TARDIS into a funfair attraction.
# Phyllis Danaher

Phyllis May Danaher MBE FRAD (27 July 1908 – 31 May 1991) was an Australian dancer, teacher of dance and choreographer.

## Early life and education

Danaher was born on 27 July 1908 in Bulimba, a suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, to William Patrick Danaher and Ivy May (née Bagnall). She began dancing in the early 1920s with Margaret St Ledger and then, after 1927, with Marjorie Hollinshed who took over St Ledger's school. She also went to Sydney to study at the Frances Scully School of Dance.

## Career

Danaher appeared as an extra in Anna Pavlova's company in Brisbane during its 1929 Australian Tour and in the 1930s, she performed in J. C. Williamson's musicals.
In 193, she became a co-owner of Hollinshed's school, where she had previously trained and became the school's principal after Hollinshed retired. She was the first Queensland teacher to gain the Advanced Teachers Certificate from the Royal Academy of Dance in 1937. That year, Danaher founded the Queensland branch of the Australasian Society for Operatic Dancing and the Brisbane Ballet Theatre, later renamed the Ballet Theatre of Queensland. She choreographed their first original work, The Wasps, which debuted at Brisbane City Hall in 1956. She served as the company's director until 1984.
From 1957 to 1982, Danaher was a Children's Examiner for the Royal Academy of Dance. Her contributions were recognised by her designation as Fellow of the Royal Academy of Dance and the award of Member of the Order of the British Empire for service to dance in Queensland. Two of Danaher's more successful students were Principal Dancers with the Australian Ballet, Garth Welch and Lucette Aldous.

## Death and legacy

Danaher died in Clayfield, Brisbane on 31 May 1991. She was buried in Brisbane's Lutwyche Cemetery.
Every year, the Phyllis Danaher Memorial Scholarship is awarded to a dancer who has been with the Ballet Theatre of Queensland for at least one year.