OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Al-Fatiha Foundation

The Al-Fatiha Foundation was an organization which advanced the civil, political, and legal rights of LGBTQ+ Muslims. It was founded in 1997 by Faisal Alam, a Pakistani American LGBTQ+ rights activist, and was registered as a nonprofit organization in the United States until 2011.

## History

Alam founded Al-Fatiha in November 1997. The organization grew out of an internet listserve for questioning Muslims from 25 countries, and by October 1998 had developed numerous in-person chapters. At its height, Al-Fatiha had 14 chapters in the United States, as well as offices in England, Canada, Spain, Turkey, and South Africa.
The name "Al-Fatiha" means "the Opening." It is also the name of the first chapter of the Qur'an. In the beginning of that chapter ('surah'), God is described as compassionate and merciful; the organization's founders believe that these attributes characterize Islam, rather than hatred and homophobia. Each year, Al-Fatiha hosted an international membership retreat and conference. Early conferences took place in Boston, New York, London and San Francisco in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and focused on issues such as the reconciliation of religion and sexual orientation. The last Al-Fatiha conference was held in 2005 in Atlanta, Georgia.

### 2001 death threats

In 2001, Al-Muhajiroun, an international organization seeking the establishment of a global Islamic caliphate, issued a fatwa declaring that all members of Al-Fatiha were murtadd, or apostates, and condemning them to death. Because of the threat and coming from conservative societies, many members of the foundation's site still prefer to be anonymous so as to protect their identity while continuing a tradition of secrecy.

### Challenges

While Al-Fatiha worked to combat homophobia within Muslim communities, it also felt it faced the challenge of seeking to avoid provoking an Islamophobic reaction among non-Muslims.
After the organization's founder, Faisal Alam, stepped down, subsequent leaders failed to sustain the organization. It began a process of legal dissolution in 2011.
# IA Writer

iA Writer is a text editor developed by Information Architects (iA). It was first released on September 22, 2010, for iOS, followed by a macOS version on May 28, 2011, and a Microsoft Windows version in 2018, funded via a Kickstarter campaign. An Android version was launched on August 7, 2020, but was later discontinued due to changes in Google API policies.

## Features

iA Writer is designed to focus solely on writing, offering a minimalist interface with features like distraction-free mode and syntax highlighting. It uses "writing typography," a concept emphasizing legibility with custom monospaced and duospaced fonts derived from IBM Plex Mono. Its signature blue cursor and gray background claim to enhance the user’s focus.
The editor supports Markdown for text formatting, enabling writers to seamlessly export to multiple formats such as PDF, Word, and HTML. Advanced integrations include Micropub publishing, allowing direct uploads to personal blogs or platforms like micro.blog.
In 2022, iA Writer added features including cross-document linking, YAML metadata, and shortcuts to improve navigation within the application.

## Reception

iA Writer has been praised for its simplicity and utility in fostering a distraction-free writing environment. In 2012, The Verge described the iPhone version as “one of the best tools for mobile writing.” It has also been recognized in reviews by MacWorld and Business Insider for its innovative design.
# Battle of Trnava (1430)

The Battle of Trnava or Battle of Nagyszombat took place during the Hussite Wars between the Hussites and the Hungarian-Royalists-Serbian army near Trnava (Nagyszombat) in the Kingdom of Hungary (today in Slovakia). The battle was fought in three phases, on 23, 25 and 28 April 1430 and ended in Hussite victory.
In the summer of 1430, 10,000 Hussites from Moravia invaded Hungary under Velek Koudelník of Březnice. The Hussites in Pozsony County looted and set on fire 100 villages. Against Koudelník stood an army under Sigismund, and Stibor of Stiboricz. The army included Hungarian and Transylvanian soldiers and Serbs. Another army under Jan Mátik z Tolovec was composed of Royalists. Mátik was jealous of Stiboricz, because of the trust placed in Stiboricz by Sigismund. At the front of the army, Stiboricz and the Hungarian-Serbian forces charged the Hussites, but Mátik and the Royalists deliberately hung back. The Royalists army belatedly arrived; the plan of campaign was a concentrated charge against the Hussite war-wagons. Koudelník was killed in the battle, and Sigismund's army was forced to flee.
In the battle, 6,000 Royalists, Serbian and Hungarian troops, and 8,000 Hussites were killed. In 1431 the Hussite army again invaded Upper Hungary, but Miklós Rozgonyi defeated the Hussites in the battle of Ilava.
# Brock High School (Texas)

Brock High School is a public high school located in unincorporated Brock, Texas, United States and classified as a 3A school by the UIL. It is part of the Brock Independent School District located in north central Parker County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

## Athletics

The Brock Eagles compete in these sports -
Cross Country, Volleyball, Football, Basketball, Powerlifting, Golf, Tennis, Track, Softball, Baseball & Wrestling

### State Titles

* Baseball -
** 2006(2A)
* Girls Basketball -
** 2002(1A/D1), 2003(2A), 2005(2A), 2009(2A), 2010(2A), 2011(2A), 2012(2A), 2013(2A)
* Boys Basketball -
** 2002(1A/D1), 2003(2A), 2015(3A)
* Boys Golf -
** 2015(3A)
* Boys Track
** 2022(3A)
* Softball -
** 2009(2A)
* Volleyball -
** 2012(2A)
* Football -
** 2015 (3A/D1)
* UIL Lone Star Cup Champions
** 2009(2A), 2010(2A), 2015(3A), 2016(3A), 2018(3A), 2019 (3A)

#### State Finalists

* Football
** 2021(3A/D1)
* Baseball
** 2022(3A)

## Notable alumni

* Baylor Cupp, NFL tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs
# Vegas Thrill

The Vegas Thrill are a women's professional indoor volleyball team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area that competes in the Pro Volleyball Federation (PVF). The Thrill began play in the league's inaugural 2024 season. The team plays its home games at Lee's Family Forum.

## History

On October 11, 2023, Las Vegas was announced as the seventh and final city to get a Pro Volleyball Federation franchise for the league's inaugural season, owned by local political leader Andy Abboud and former Nebraska Attorney General Jon Bruning. On that same day, former LSU Tigers women's beach volleyball coach Fran Flory was named as the team's inaugural head coach. The Thrill name, logo and colors were announced on November 29. On December 5, 2024, the Thrill announced that Rámon "Monchito" Hernandez Cruz would be the head coach for the 2025 season.

## Roster

Current as of January 8, 2025.
| Number | Player | Position | Height | College/Club |
| 2 | Charitie Luper | Outside hitter | 5'9" | UCLA, Louisville |
| 3 | Kendall White | Libero | 5'7" | Penn State |
| 4 | Willow Johnson | Opposite hitter | 6'3" | Oregon |
| 5 | Morgan Stout | Middle blocker | 6'1" | Wichita State |
| 6 | Alisha Glass Childress | Setter | 6'0" | Penn State |
| 7 | Layne Van Buskirk | Middle blocker | 6'4" | Pittsburgh |
| 8 | Camryn Hannah | Outside hitter | 6'2" | Clemson, Penn State |
| 9 | Grace Loberg | Outside hitter | 6'3" | Wisconsin |
| 10 | Mary Shroll | Libero | 5'8" | LMU, Arizona State |
| 11 | Hannah Maddux | Outside hitter | 6'2" | South Alabama |
| 12 | Berkeley Oblad | Middle blocker | 6'4" | Utah |
| 13 | Teagan DeFalco | Libero | 5'7" | Grand Canyon |
| 15 | Allison Mayfield | Outside hitter | 6'1" | Kansas |
| 17 | Lauren Jardine | Opposite hitter | 6'2" | Wisconsin, Utah |
| 22 | Carly Graham | Setter | 6'0" | Rice |
| | Sophie Davis | Middle blocker | 6'2" | James Madison |
| 24 | Syd Cole | Setter | 5'10" | Northern Colorado |
| 91 | Saskia Hippe | Opposite hitter | 6'1" |
# Failan

Failan (Korean: 파이란) is a 2001 South Korean melodrama film written and directed by Song Hae-sung. The film was adapted from the Japanese novel Love Letter by Jirō Asada. It stars Choi Min-sik and Cecilia Cheung.

## Plot

After losing both her parents, Failan (Cecilia Cheung) immigrates to Korea to seek her only remaining relatives. Once she reaches Korea, she finds out that her relatives have moved to Canada well over a year ago. Desperate to stay and make a living in Korea, Failan is forced to have an arranged marriage through a match-making agency. Kang-jae (Choi Min-sik) is an old and outdated gangster who has no respect from his peers. Short on money, Kang-jae decides to take on the arranged marriage. Having nothing more than a picture of Kang-jae, Failan spends her days dreaming and wishing that Kang-jae would come to visit her. Failan often writes to Kang-jae in sorrow about how much she misses and thinks about him, but never has the nerve to give the letters to Kang-jae. Things take a turn when Kang-jae is asked by his boss to take the fall for a murder in exchange for some money. The only hope in his worthless life is the wife he never met.

## Cast

* Choi Min-sik as Kang-jae
* Cecilia Cheung as Failan
* Son Byong-ho
* Gong Hyung-jin
* Kim Ji-young
* Min Kyung-jin
* Ji Dae-han
* Kim Hae-gon
* Kim Kyung-ae
* Kim Kwang-sik
* Gong Yoo-seok
* Jung Dae-hoon
* Kim Su-hyeon

## Awards

2001 Blue Dragon Film Awards
* Best Director: Song Hae-sung
* Best Actor: Choi Min-sik
2001 Busan Film Critics Awards
* Best Actor: Choi Min-sik
2001 Director's Cut Awards
* Best Director: Song Hae-sung
* Best Actor: Choi Min-sik
2002 Deauville Asian Film Festival
* Lotus d'Or (Prix du Jury) ("Jury Prize"): Failan
* Lotus du Meilleur Réalisateur ("Best Director"): Song Hae-sung
* Lotus du Meilleur Acteur ("Best Actor"): Choi Min-sik
* Lotus du Public (Prix du Public) ("Audience Choice Award"): Failan
2002 Grand Bell Awards
* Best Director: Song Hae-sung
* Jury Prize
# Dubovychi

Dubovychi is a rural settlement in Ukraine, in Konotop Raion of Sumy Oblast. During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, a convoy of seventeen Russian vehicles passed through, shooting at civilians along the way.
# 1883 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team

The 1883 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota during the 1883 college football season. The season was the only season under head coach Thomas Peebles, the first coach in the history of the program. He came to the university to teach philosophy and since he had played football with distinction at Princeton University, he was recruited to coach the football team. He was described as "having a twinkling eye, a moustache, winged collars and the bearing of a scholar so that even on the field of play he looked as though he were en route to the court of St. James."$^{:311}$
Upon arrival in Northfield, Minnesota for the first game of the year, there was a dispute between the arriving players from Minnesota and the team representing Carleton College. Carleton insisted that a member of the faculty be allowed to play, and they also insisted on playing rugby style football. Coach Peebles preferred the soccer style of play,$^{:4}$ but agreed to the conditions as long as he could act as the referee.$^{:13}$ Carleton won the game 4–2.
Team of 1883: J.W. Adams (captain), Don Davidson, Mitchell, Blanding, Niles, Winchell, Graham, McNair, Bassett, Smith, Hammond, Crafts."$^{:14}$

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 29 | at Carleton | Northfield, MN | L 2–4 |
| November 3 | vs. Hamline | | W 5–0 |
| | Ex-Collegiates | Minneapolis, MN | L 2–4 |
# Herbert William Malkin

Sir Herbert William Malkin GCMG CB KC (1883–1945), sometimes known as William Malkin, was a British lawyer. He passed the bar at Inner Temple in 1907. He joined the foreign office in 1911, rising to become the Legal Adviser to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1929 until his death in an aeroplane crash in July 1945.

## Early life

He was born on 17 April 1883, the only son of Herbert Charles Malkin and his wife Elizabeth Elliott. He was educated at Charterhouse School before going on to Trinity College, Cambridge. There he gained a first in the Classical Tripos and four years after his being called to the Bar he joined the Foreign Office in 1911. He married Margaret Burnet-Morris in South Kensington on 8 July 1913.

## Foreign Office
### Early years 1911–1914

Between 1911 and 1914 Malkin worked on Anglo-American claims and attended a conference at Spitzbergen while working in partnership with Sir Cecil Herbert.

### First World War

With the outbreak of the First World War, Malkin worked on questions surrounding neutrality and War Prize issues.
Following the armistice, Malkin attended four years of conferences, including the Lausanne and Washington naval conferences.

### Interwar years

He was promoted to Senior Legal Advisor to the Foreign Office in 1929. In this capacity he travelled with Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to Bad Godesberg in 1938 during the Munich Crisis.

### Second World War

Malkin's experience in the First World War made him one of 'the few persons who knew by experience what had to be done quickly when the country was suddenly involved in war' at the outbreak of the Second World War.

#### United Nations

He was on the fourth commission at San Francisco working on the establishment of the International Court at the United Nations as well as other legal issues.

## Death

Sir William Malkin was lost at sea when his Liberator of RAF Transport Command disappeared following its departure from Montreal on 3 July 1945.
In tribute Lord Halifax wrote:
   Intellectually sure-footed, and striking direct to the heart of any problem; in character fearless, disinterested, humble, concerned only with what he deemed to be the duty demanded of him: he brought indeed great qualities to the public service.
# The Lock Up

The Lock Up may refer to:
* The Lock Up (TV series), a BBC television programme
* The Lock-Up (art gallery), an art gallery in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
# Roberto Forges Davanzati

Roberto Forges Davanzati (23 February 1880, Naples – 1 June 1936, Rome) was an Italian journalist, academic and politician. Initially a syndicalist, he later became a nationalist and fascist.

## Life and career

After obtaining a degree in law Forges Davanzati, a member of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), became a journalist with the party papers Avanti! and Avanguardia Socialista. Associated with the syndicalist tendency of the party his interest in nationalism grew and in 1906 he left the PSI to take up a position at the paper Pagine Libre, which had been founded by Angelo Oliviero Olivetti and which soon became associated with national syndicalism.
Forges Davanzati soon converted to full nationalism and took a position with Corriere della Sera, at the time a nationalist sympathising paper He became one of the founders of the more hard-line nationalist newspaper L'Idea Nazionale in 1911. He confirmed his full conversion by joining the Italian Nationalist Association (INA) before leaving to serve in the First World War.
Associated with the pro-fascist tendency within the INA immediately after the war, he endorsed the merger of the two groups and was the secretary of the provisional directorate of the National Fascist Party immediately after the fusion of the two groups. He also served as a member of the Grand Council of Fascism and from 1925 was editor of La Tribuna-Idea Nazionale, a merger of the two groups' newspapers. He was appointed to the Italian Senate in 1934. Benefitting from his closeness to the government, Forges Davanzati also taught political science as the Sapienza University of Rome and broadcast a daily radio show Chronicles of the Regime.
# List of rail trails in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania Rail Trails are former railway lines that have been converted to paths designed for pedestrian, bicycle, skating, equestrian, or light motorized traffic. Rail trails are multi-use paths offering, at a minimum, a combination of pedestrian and cycle recreation.

## Trails beginning from A to E

* A
** Allegheny Portage Railroad Trail
** Allegheny Valley River Trail
** Arboretum Trail
** Armstrong Trail
** Arrowhead Trail, Washington County
* B
** Back Mountain Trail
** Beaver River Trail
** Bellefonte Central Rail Trail
** Bristol Spurline Park Trail
** Buffalo Valley Rail Trail
** Butler-Freeport Community Trail
* C
** Chester Valley Trail
** Clarion Highlands Trail
** Clarion - Little Toby Creek Trail
** Clearfield to Grampian Trail
** Conestoga Greenway Trail
** Conewago Recreation Trail
** Corry Junction Greenway Trail
** Cumberland County Biker/Hiker Trail
** Cumberland Valley Rail Trail
** Cynwyd Heritage Trail
* D
** D&H Trail
** D&L Trail
** Dimeling to Madera Trail
* E
** East Branch Trail
** Endless Mountain Riding Trail
** Ernst Bike Trail

## Trails beginning from F to M

* F
** Five Star Trail
** Forks Township Recreational Trail
* G
** Ghost Town Trail
** Great Allegheny Passage
** Greene River Trail
* H
** Harmony Trail
** Hike & Bike Trail
** Hoodlebug Trail
** Hoover-Mason Trestle
** Houtzdale Line Trail
** Huntingdon and Broad Top Trail
* I
** Indian Creek Valley Trail
** Ironton Rail-trail
* J
** James Mayer Riverwalk
** JFK Walking Trail
** John B. Bartram Trail
* K
** Kellettville To Nebraska Trail
** Knox & Kane Rail Trail
* L
** Lancaster Junction Trail
** Lebanon Valley Rail Trail
** Lehigh & New England Trail
** Lehigh Gorge Trail
** LeTort Spring Run Nature Trail
** Liberty Bell Trail
** Lower Trail
** Luzerne County Rail Trail
** Lycoming Creek Bikeway
* M
** Mahoning Shadow Trail
** Montour Trail

## Trails beginning from N to Z

* N
** Nor-Bath Trail
* O
** O&W Rail Trail
** Ohio River Trail
* P
** Palmer Bikeway
** Panhandle Trail
** Penns Creek Path
** Pennypack Trail
** Perkiomen Trail
** Phoenix Iron Canal Trail
** Pine Creek Rail Trail
** Plainfield Township Trail
* R
** Radnor Trail
** Railroad Grade Trail
** Roaring Run Trail
** Rotary Walk Trail
* S
** Samuel Justus Recreational Trail
** Sandy Creek Trail
** Saucon Valley Rail Trail
** Schuylkill River Trail
** Sewickley Creek Trail
** Snow Shoe Trail
** Stavich Bike Trail
** Stony Valley Railroad Grade
** Struble Trail
** Susquehanna Warrior Trail
** Switchback Railroad Trail
* T
** Tidioute Riverside Rec Trek Trail
** Towpath Bike Trail
** Tredway Trail
** Trolley Trail
* W
** Warren to North Warren Bike Trail
** Warwick-to-Ephrata Rail Trail
** West Penn Trail
** Westmoreland Heritage Trail
** Wynn & Clara Tredway River Park
* Y
** York County Heritage Rail Trail
# The Kazoo Museum

The Kazoo Museum is a museum dedicated to the history of the kazoo, located in Beaufort, South Carolina. The museum houses one of the largest collections of kazoos in the world. Originally established in 2007 in Seattle, Washington, The Kazoo Museum opened in its current location in Beaufort on October 6, 2010. The museum is located in the Kazoobie Kazoos Factory and features a collection of kazoos, kazoo recordings and kazoo memorabilia.

## History
### Kazoobie Kazoos

Kazoobie Kazoos is one of the world’s largest distributors of kazoos, founded by Rick Hubbard and Gayle Andrus in 1997 as an Internet retailer of kazoos. Previously based in Hilton Head Island and in Florida, the company returned to South Carolina in 2009 and settled in co-owner Steven Murray's home town of Beaufort. In this location, Kazoobie expanded into a 6,500 square feet (600 m$^2$) warehouse and showroom and in 2010 added a gift shop and became home to The Kazoo Museum.

### Museum founding

A forerunner of The Kazoo Museum was created by television personality and kazoo enthusiast Boaz Frankel in 2007, located in Seattle. From there the collection moved to Portland, Oregon in 2008, where it was not available for public viewing, except via The Kazoo Museum's website. At this time the collection comprised approximately 100 kazoos, including some of the first kazoos to be manufactured, and various pieces of memorabilia including books, patents, sheet music and records. By 2010 the collection had expanded to around 200 pieces. Upon the invitation of the Kazoobie Kazoos factory, the museum took up residence in Beaufort and officially opened to the public at that location on October 6, 2010.
A ribbon-cutting ceremony was held at Kazoobie Kazoos on the opening day of The Kazoo Museum, attended by local people, curator Boaz Frankel and the owners of Kazoobie Kazoos.

## Collection

Museum visitors can learn about the history of the kazoo, from its invention in the 1840s through to the present day at the museum and can tour the working factory to see modern production techniques.
The museum's collection is made up of nearly 200 kazoo-related items, making it one of the world's largest private kazoo collections. All items are kept in glass cases in a dedicated building at the Kazoobie Kazoos factory. Kazoos in the collection include one used in the television program The Partridge Family, kazoos shaped like famous cartoon characters, electric kazoos and kazoos that are over 100 years old. In addition, the museum features an old press used to make kazoo parts, kazoo music sheets and various pieces of memorabilia.
# Marquess of San Juan de Piedras Albas

The Marquess of San Juan de Piedras Albas (Spanish: Marqués de San Juan de Piedras Albas) is a title of Spanish nobility that was created on 31 August 1690 by King Charles II in favor of Francisco Silvestre Pizarro Piccolomini de Aragón.

## History

The Marquessate of San Juan de Piedras Albas was granted by King Charles II on 31 August 1690 along with a royal decree from the same king on 16 August 1691. He was butler and equerry to the Queen. On 15 December 1739, King Philip V granted the title Grandee of Spain status, allowing the marquesses to enjoy greater social privileges than those of other similar European dignities.
The name of the title refers to the municipality of Piedras Albas, in the Province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain. They owned the Palacio de Piedras Albas in Trujillo, Cáceres, built in c. 1530, formerly owned by the family of the conquistador and explorer Francisco de Orellana, and the Marqueses de Orellana.

## List of title holders

| | Holder of Title | Period |
| Created by King Charles III of Spain ||||
| 1 | Francisco Pacheco de Córdoba Bocanegra Vázquez de Coronado y Estrada | 1690–1736 |
| 2 | Juan de la Cruz Pizarro Piccolomini de Aragón | 1736–1771 |
| 3 | Florencia Pizarro Piccolomini de Aragón y Herrera | 1771–1794 |
| 4 | Juan de la Cruz Bellvís de Moncada y Pizarro | 1794–1835 |
| 5 | Antonio Ciriaco Bellvís de Moncada y Álvarez de Toledo | 1835–1842 |
| 6 | María de la Encarnación Bellvís de Moncada Palafox | 1842–1874 |
| 7 | Bernardino de Melgar y Abreu | 1910–1942 |
| 8 | María de los Dolores de Melgar y Hernández | 1952–1977 |
| 9 | María del Campanar de Melgar y Hernández | 1981–1992 |
| 10 | José Luis de Narváez y Melgar | 1992–1994 |
| 11 | José María de Narváez y Muguiro | 1997– |