# Swabia (Bavaria)

Swabia (German: Schwaben, Swabian: Schwaabe, Bavarian: Schwobm) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany. It consists of ten districts and 340 municipalities (including four cities) with Augsburg being the administrative capital.

## Governance

The county of Swabia is located in southwest Bavaria. It was annexed by Bavaria in 1803, is part of the historic region of Swabia and was formerly ruled by dukes of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. During the Nazi period, the area was separated from the rest of Bavaria to become the Gau Swabia. It was re-incorporated into Bavaria after the war.
The Regierungsbezirk is subdivided into 3 regions (Planungsregionen): Allgäu, Augsburg, and Donau-Iller. Donau-Iller also includes two districts and one city of Baden-Württemberg.
| Landkreise (rural districts) | Kreisfreie Städte (district-free towns) | Natural regions |
| Aichach-Friedberg Augsburg Dillingen Donau-Ries Günzburg Lindau Neu-Ulm Oberallgäu Ostallgäu Unterallgäu | Augsburg Kaufbeuren Kempten Memmingen | Nördlinger Ries* Swabian Jura Iller-Lech Plateau Southern Alpine Foreland Swabian-Bavarian Pre-Alps Northern Limestone Alps Upper Swabia |
* Part of the Swabian Keuper Land

## Districts and district-free towns before the regional reorganization in 1972

| Kreisfreie Städte (district-free towns) | Landkreise (districts) | Landkreise (districts) (continuation) |
| Augsburg Dillingen an der Donau Günzburg Kaufbeuren Kempten Lindau Memmingen Neuburg an der Donau Neu-Ulm Nördlingen | Augsburg Dillingen Donauwörth Friedberg Füssen Günzburg Illertissen Kaufbeuren Kempten Krumbach | Lindau Marktoberdorf Memmingen Mindelheim Neuburg an der Donau Neu-Ulm Nördlingen Schwabmünchen Sonthofen Wertingen |

## Population

Historical population of Swabia:
* 1939: 934,311
* 1950: 1,293,734
* 1961: 1,340,217
* 1970: 1,467,454
* 1987: 1,546,504
* 2002: 1,776,465
* 2005: 1,788,919
* 2006: 1,786,764
* 2008: 1,787,995
* 2010: 1,785,875
* 2015: 1,846,020
* 2019: 1,899,442

## Economy

The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was € 74.8 billion in 2018, accounting for 2.2% of German economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was € 36,500 or 121% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 101% of the EU average.

## History

The Bavarian administrative region of Swabia is the eastern part of the Duchy of Swabia. After the execution of the Swabian duke Conradin in Naples in 1268, his uncle, the Bavarian duke Louis, inherited some of Conradin's possessions in Swabia. In 1803, with the German Mediatisation, Bavaria acquired the further East Swabian territories, which were merged with Palatinate-Neuburg.
After the founding of the Kingdom of Bavaria, the state was totally reorganised and, in 1808, divided into 15 administrative districts (German: Regierungsbezirke), in Bavaria called Kreise. They were created in the fashion of the French departements, quite even in size and population, and named after their main rivers.
In the following years, due to territorial changes (e.g. the loss of Tyrol, the addition of the Palatinate), the number of districts was reduced to 8. The Swabian territories were merged with Palatinate-Neuburg and the new district was called Oberdonaukreis (Upper Danube District). In 1837, king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed all the districts after historical territorial names and tribes of the area. This also involved some border changes or territorial swaps. Thus the name Oberdonaukreis changed to Swabia.
In 1945, the town of Lindau was detached from Bavaria by France, but it was reunited with the district of Swabia in 1955. In 1972, the former Swabian city Neuburg an der Donau was reunited with the district of Upper Bavaria.

## Main sites

Major attractions include the capital Augsburg; several other old cities including Donauwörth, Nördlingen, Memmingen, Mindelheim, Kaufbeuren and Kempten; the Ottobeuren Abbey and the scenic attractions of the River Danube in the north; the Allgäu in the south; the Allgäu Alps and Oberstdorf; and the royal castles of Hohenschwangau, Neuschwanstein and Füssen. With the district of Lindau, Bavarian Swabia has access to Lake Constance.

## Food and drink

Swabian cuisine is down-to-earth and rather simple. Noodle products are very important.
* Brenntar
* Spätzle
* Maultaschen
* Bergkäse
* Schupfnudel
* Alb-Leisa
* Cheese Spätzle
* Musmehl, main ingredient of Brenntar
* Schupfnudel with sauerkraut

## Notable people

* Michael Bredl (1916–1999), a singer and collector of traditional Swabian Volksmusik
* Ludwig Aurbacher (1784–1847), famous for his stories about The Seven Swabians
* Ludwig Ganghofer (1855–1920), writer and inventor
* Sebastian Kneipp (1821–1897), inventor of Kneipp-Kur known as Water-Doctor of Hydrotherapy