OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cathcart Castle

Cathcart Castle was a 15th-century castle, located in what is now Linn Park in the Cathcart area of southern Glasgow, Scotland. The castle was abandoned in the 18th century, and the remaining ruins were pulled down in 1980, leaving only foundations visible.

## History

The lands of Cathcart were held by the family of that name from the 12th century. In the mid-15th century, the head of the family was raised to the peerage as Lord Cathcart, and it is believed that the castle was built at around this time. In 1546 the castle passed to the Semple family. It is highly unlikely that Mary, Queen of Scots, would have spent the night before the Battle of Langside (1568) at Cathcart Castle or have watched the battle from a nearby hill called the Court Knowe. The Semples were supporters of Mary's enemies and would have captured her and put an end to her plans before the battle had started. Court Knowe is some 15 m below the height of Langside village, where the battle took place, meaning Mary would not have been able to see what took place. A more likely site would have been Prospecthill, which lies on the line of her army's approach to Langside.
An alternative version of the story has the Queen living with her kinsfolk, the Stuarts of Castlemilk, whose defensive stronghold at the foot of the Cathkin Braes contained a chamber later known as Queen Mary's Room, where Her Majesty supposedly lodged on the night before the Battle of Langside. The ceiling of this room was ornamented with the arms of the Stuart monarchs of Scotland. This is unlikely either, as Mary spent the preceding week at Hamilton, where 6,000 troops gathered.
In 1740 the Semples built Cathcart House, also since demolished, nearby, and moved out of the castle, leaving it to ruin. The newly created 1st Earl Cathcart bought back his ancestral home in 1814, although with the intention of selling off the stone rather than living in it. In 1866 the castle was still standing to five storeys, and was surrounded by outbuildings. The lands around the castle were purchased by Glasgow City Council in 1927, and added to Linn Park. In 1980 the remaining ruins were pronounced dangerous, and were pulled down by the council. The site is now a Scheduled Monument.

## Architecture

The castle was built on the rocky north-east bank of the White Cart Water. It comprised a rectangular tower house, 15.5 by 9 m (51 by 30 ft), of five storeys including a vaulted basement. This was supplemented by a curtain wall, enclosing a small barmkin approximately 22 by 15 m (72 by 49 ft), with the tower at the centre. The curtain wall had round corner towers, and a twin-towered gatehouse to the east. The foundations of the tower house remain to around 1 m (3 ft) high. Earthworks to the west of the castle have been interpreted as the remains of an outer bailey or ringwork.
During archaeological investigations a fragmentary plaster armorial dating from the 1630s with the arms of Bryce Semple and Jean Lauder of Hatton was discovered. This seems to have been part of a fireplace overmantle and ceiling in the hall of the tower.
# Haine (disambiguation)

The Haine is a river in southwestern Belgium and northern France.
Haine may also refer to:
* Haine (surname)
* Haine (film), a 1980 French film starring Klaus Kinski
* La Haine, a 1995 French film
* La Haine (drama), an 1874 drama by Sardou
* Haine, a hamlet in Manston, Kent, England
* Haine Otomiya, the protagonist of the manga The Gentlemen's Alliance Cross by Arina Tanemura
* Haine, a figure in Hadza mythology
* Haine Eames (born 2008), Austalian soccer player
# Grosse Pointe Public Library

Grosse Pointe Public Library is a public library system serving the Grosse Pointe area of Wayne County, Michigan.
The Carolyn and Ted Ewald Memorial Branch Library in Grosse Pointe Park was scheduled to open in 2004. The 15,000 square feet (1,400 m$^2$) branch was originally scheduled to open in October of that year, but delays moved the opening month to January 2005.
The library owns a mobile made by Alexander Calder. In July 2015 it was appraised to be worth $10 million.

## Branches

The system has three branches:
* Central Branch (Grosse Pointe Farms)
* Ewald Branch (Grosse Pointe Park)
* Woods Branch (Grosse Pointe Woods)
# Arch Venture Partners

ARCH Venture Management LLC (known as Arch Venture Partners and Arch) is an American venture capital firm based in Chicago. The firm mainly invests in companies from the biotechnology industry but has also invested other industries such as semiconductors and technology.

## Background

In 1986, the Arch Development Corporation was initially created by the University of Chicago and the Argonne National Laboratory as a non-profit initiative to commercialize the technology developed by them. The name Arch reflects this origin with "Ar" from Argonne and "ch" from the University of Chicago. Arch Development Corporation was led by Steven Lazarus who was Deputy Dean of University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Lazarus noted that spin-off company plans were hindered by lack of external capital, so a venture fund would be created to provide it.
In 1989, the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory provided around $9 million in capital for Arch Development Corporation's first fund, Arch Venture Fund Limited Partnership. It was believed to be first venture capital fund to be established between a major U.S. laboratory and university and the first to be fully pledged by a group of investors. The first fund invested in twelve companies with 7–8 of them being successful investments.
After the success of the first fund, the university stated it no longer considered Arch Development Corporation as an experiment and wasn't comfortable continuing as general partner of a venture fund so it proposed that Arch Development Corporation would focus on licensing and business development of technologies while capital raising will be done outside the university . In 1992, Lazarus along with Booth Graduate students, Clint Bybee, Keith Crandell and Bob Nelsen left the university to set up Arch Venture Partners as an independent firm to raise capital.
The firm mainly invests in companies that are in the biotechnology, semiconductors and computing fields.
ArchVenture Partners is headquartered in Chicago with additional offices in Seattle, San Francisco and Dublin.
On June 10, 2018, Lazarus passed away and the firm's management was succeeded by the other co-founders.
* Companies portal
* United States portal
# Vladimir Kolpakchi

Vladimir Yakovlevich Kolpakchi (Russian: Владимир Яковлевич Колпакчи, Ukrainian: Володимир Якович Колпакчи; 7 September 1899 in Kiev – 17 May 1961 in Moscow) was a Soviet general during World War II. For his role in the successful Vistula-Oder offensive he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 6 April 1945.
He was the first commander of what became the famed Soviet 62nd Army, holding the post between July and August. He also lead the 30th Army between November 1942 and April 1943, Participating in the 1943 Battles of Rzhev, and the 69th Army from April 1944 to May 1945, participating in the Lublin-Brest Offensive and the Vistula-Oder Offensive, and finishing the War at the Battle of Berlin. Following the War, he had also lead the Baku Military District, 1st Red Banner Army and Northern Military Military District, before dying, among other Generals, in a helicopter crash on 17 May 1961.
# Jardin d'émail

Jardin d'émail (1968-1974) also known as Enamel garden is an outdoor sculpture in the Kröller-Müller Museum in Otterlo, The Netherlands. The sculpture was created by artist Jean Dubuffet. The artwork was designed for the Kröller-Müller Museum.

## History

From 1968-1974 artist Jean Dubuffet completed the Jardin d'émail sculpture. In English the work is called Enamel garden. The materials used in the work include: Concrete, glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin, polyurethane and paint. It is a large sculpture which is billed as: "A work of art that you can touch, that you can walk through, in which you are even allowed to play!". The dimensions of the work are 8 m (26 ft) x 20 m (66 ft) x 30 m (98 ft). The artwork was designed specifically for the Kröller-Müller Museum.
In 2020 the sculpture was closed while it underwent a restoration. The surface of the artwork was in poor condition which necessitated the "complete removal of its painted surface and innovative planning for the precise replication". Care was taken to follow the artist's original paint scheme and pattern. The restoration process made use of photogrammetry (3D imaging technique that uses photographs to make 3D models) to reproduce the artist Hand-painted markings on what was a very large surface area.

## Design

The piece is designed with a stark white color interspersed with jagged black lines. Visitors can walk on the surfaces of the sculpture and interact with it. ARTnews magazine describes it as "an immersive and interactive environment".
# Sandro Sotilli

Sandro Carlos Sotilli (born 18 August 1973) is a Brazilian retired footballer.
He retired as the top scorer in Campeonato Gaúcho history with 111 goals.
# RLUG

RLUG stands for Romanian Linux Users Group.
RLUG is the largest and oldest Linux community in Romania, formed around 1999, with more than 2000 members subscribed to the main mailing list.
RLUG is an unofficial organization that promotes Linux and other Unix-like operating systems in Romania as well as free and open source software in general.
RLUG offers help for Linux/Unix/OSS users through its wiki, dedicated mailing lists and IRC, and hosts a number of software mirrors.
All services are free and offered by volunteers, as is common among all Linux user groups and other Free Software communities.
The community is sustained by its members (through hardware, financial donations, services) and by two of the main ISPs in Romania iNES and GTS.
# Alexander Volkov

Alexander Volkov or Aleksandr Volkov may refer to:

## Alexander

* Alexander Volkov (basketball) (born 1964), Ukrainian former basketball player
* Alexander Volkov (fighter) (born 1988), Russian mixed martial artist
* Alexander Volkov (writer) (Alexander Melentyevich Volkov) (1891–1977), Russian novelist
* Alexander Volkov (tennis) (Alexander Vladimirovich Volkov) (1967–2019), Russian tennis player
* Alexander Volkov (ice hockey) (born 1997), Russian ice hockey winger
* Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (politician) (1951–2017), President of the Udmurt Republic in Russia
* Alexander Nikolaevich Volkov (1886–1957), Russian painter and teacher
* Alexander Volkov, Israeli pianist and pedagogue, member of the Israel Piano Trio

## Aleksandr

* Aleksandr Volkov (ski jumper) (born 1978), Russian Olympic ski jumper
* Aleksandr Volkov (volleyball) (born 1985), Russian volleyball player
* Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Volkov (born 1948), Russian cosmonaut
* Aleksandr Volkov (Soviet functionary) [uk], (1903–1975), Russian border guardsman and head of administration of the NKVD Usollag, 1939–1944
* Aleksandr Volkov (general) [ru] (1929-2005), Soviet general.
# Hall of the Amigos del País

Hall of the Amigos del País was located in Los Angeles, California. Erected in 1844, it was the first social hall or club house ever built on the North American Pacific Coast. It was the hall of the Sociedad Económica de los Amigos del País (Friends of the Country), a society or club made up of the leading citizens of the town, both native and foreign born, who, during the 1840s, formed a group with the dual purposes of providing pensions and stimulating the reading of literature.
A lot, 100 varas square, free of taxes, was granted the society by the Ayuntamiento. An adobe building was erected and fitted up with a dancing hall, reading room and card tables. The hall was dedicated by a grand ball and a number of social entertainments were held. The Amigos for a time enjoyed their social privileges, and the society flourished. But it was a time of revolutions and political disturbances. In time social amenities gave place to political animosities. Although the members were "Friends of the Country," they became enemies to one another. The society ran in debt. Its membership fell off. The building was finally put up at a lottery. Andrés Pico drew the lucky number. The Amigos del Pais disbanded during the Mexican–American War. Their hall in the course of time became a saloon and afterwards it was "Los dos Amigos," ("the two friends") —the friend behind the bar and the one in front of it. The McDonald Block, on North Main Street, was later built on the site of the Amigos’ hall.

## Reading room

The hall was the first attempt at a reading room and library during the Mexican era of Los Angeles’ history. A reading room was partitioned off from the main hall and a small library of books was collected. There were no daily newspapers in the reading room. A newspaper six months old was late news, and a book of the last century was quite fresh and readable. Again in 1856 and 1859, the Amigos furnished additional reading rooms in Los Angeles with donated books for members' use, which ultimately led to the development of the Los Angeles Library Association.
# Bir Mourad Raïs District

Bir Mourad Raïs is a district in Algiers Province, Algeria. It was named after its capital, Bir Mourad Raïs.

## Municipalities

The district is further divided into 5 municipalities:
* Bir Mourad Raïs
* Hydra
* Saoula
* Birkhadem
* Gué de Constantine
* This article about a location in Algiers Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Panssarimiina m/36

The Panssarimiina m/36 is a Finnish anti-tank blast mine used during the Winter War, Second World War and Continuation War. The mine was the first purpose-built anti-tank mine to enter service with the Finnish Army, and was designed by Lieutenant Colonel T. Raatikainen and Lieutenant Colonel Pylkkänen. Only 5,000 were produced, as the mine proved complex to produce for a number of reasons. The fuze was complex and designed to be interchangeable with artillery fuzes, so artillery shells could be used alongside the mines, also the sheet metal case was hard to produce.
The mine is circular with a distinctive waisted shape. The top and the bottom of the mine have jagged edges, which enable the mine to grip to ice or frozen ground rather than slipping sideways.
During the Second World War the mine proved to have too little explosive content to reliably break the tracks of the latest Russian tanks, so two supplemental charges were issued, each weighing about 2.5 kg, they could be buried under the mine to supplement the main charge. Where these supplemental charges were not available a second mine was buried under the first.
The mine was replaced by the Panssarimiina m/39 in 1939, although it remained in service for some time afterwards.

## Specifications

* Height: 0.13 m
* Diameter: 26 cm to 31 cm
* Weight: 5.5 kg
* Explosive content: 2.8 kg of TNT or Amatol
* Activation pressure: 350 kg to 200 kg
# Storehouse

Storehouse may refer to:
* Storehouse plc, a British retail conglomerate
* Warehouse, a building for storing goods
* Bishop's storehouse, humanitarian centers owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints providing groceries and other supplies to community members in need
# Tenke, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Tenke is a town in the Lualaba province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

## Economy

The main economic activity of the city is mining, mainly from the Tenke Fungurume Mine.
Another important economic activity is logistics services.

## Transport
### Road

The city is crossed by Transafican Highway 9 (TAH 9), which connects it to the cities of Likasi and Kolwezi.

### Rail

It is the junction of the national railway network of Congo, connecting the Benguela railway to the Cape to Cairo Railway.
# Hamburg Public Library (Hamburg, Iowa)

Hamburg Public Library is located in Hamburg, Iowa, United States. The Carnegie Corporation of New York accepted Hamburg's application for a grant for $9,000 on December 3, 1915. It was dedicated on June 9, 1919. The Georgian Revival style building is five bays wide with its main entrance in the center bay. The single-story brick structure follows a simple rectangular plan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# Hedberg Public Library

The Hedberg Public Library is a public library located in Janesville, Wisconsin. The library is a member of the Arrowhead Library System.

## History

The library's origins date back to 1865, when it was a privately supported reading room for The Young Men's Association. It became the Janesville Public Library after a referendum passed in 1884 and was housed in a building known as "Bennett's Block." The library rented the space, which was near the present intersection of West Milwaukee and River streets. A building next door to "Bennett's Block" was leased three years later.
The library's first permanent home was built in 1902 at 64 S. Main. Key financial support came from the Andrew Carnegie foundation and the estate of F. S. Eldred of Janesville. General contractor J. P. Cullen and Brother of Janesville was paid $35,000 to construct the library, which opened in 1903. This building was remodeled in 1927 and again in 1932.
When the library outgrew its quarters in the early 1960s, a new library was built at 316 S. Main Street, where the library moved in April 1968. The new building's cost was $939,000. Funding included a $142,000 federal grant and a $780,000 city bond issue. Frelich-Angus Associates and Severson-Schlintz, both of Janesville, were selected as architect and general contractor, respectively.
The new 41,000-square-foot (3,800 m$^2$) building reached its intended capacity by 1979, but further expansion would wait until 1993, when a $3 million gift from Don and Gerry Hedberg put the topic back on the table. The expansion would eventually cost $8 million, including furnishings and automation. The Hedbergs, former owners of Lab Safety Supply in Janesville, increased their donation to $4.66 million. Other funders were city taxpayers ($1.49 million), the library's capital campaign ($1.1 million), the Grainger and Janesville Foundations ($625,000) and the Friends of Janesville Public Library ($25,000).
In May 1994, library operations moved to temporary quarters in a former K-mart store (now the Rock County Job Center) on the city's south side when expansion began. To save money, the original elevator shaft, the lower level and some structural elements remained intact, but the look was all new. The library reopened on Main Street in June 1996.
With the expansion, the Janesville Public Library was renamed Hedberg Public Library in honor of primary donors Don and Gerry Hedberg.
Architect: Meyer, Scherer and Rockcastle, Minneapolis, MN General Contractor: Miron Construction, Menasha Present square footage: 63,000
# Zoo (Czech TV series)

Zoo is a Czech family, comedy and relationship TV series set in a zoo, which premiered on January 13, 2022, on the Prima televize. It replaced the Slunečná series.

## Cast

* Michaela Pecháčková as Sidonie „Sid“ Anna Novotná
* Eva Burešová as Viktorie „Viki“ / Alex Janečková – main protagonist
* Veronika Freimanová as Ing. Marie Roklová rozená Fišerová
* Štěpán Benoni as Marek „Mára, Mařen(k)a“ Rokl
* Robert Urban as JUDr. Petr Kříž
* Šimon Bilina as kpt. Bc. Adam „Haďák“ Hruška
* Sabina Laurinová as Alice Novotná
* Marek Taclík as Eduard Novotný zemřel
* Jana Švandová as Sidonie Novotná
* Vojtěch Vovesný as Eduard „Ed“ Novotný jr.
* Vladimír Kratina as Raul „Sumec“ Novotný
* Ondřej Pavelka as Mgr. Karel Rokl
* Goran Maiello as Vojtěch Rokl
* Tereza Brodská as JUDr. Danuše Křížová
* David Gránský as Mgr. Albert Polák
* Pavel Nečas as Ing. Lubor Brázda
* Roman Zach as Roman Pekař
* Barbora Černá as Tereza (Tes) Janečková
* Lucie Černá as Izabela (Izy) Janečková
* Marek Němec as Karel (Charlie) Rakušan
* Tomáš Klus as Filip Janda
* Sandra Nováková as Sylva Machyánová
* Sára Milfajtová as Kristýna Martincová
* Milan Šteindler as Herrmann
* Zdeněk Hruška as major Havlíček
# Chéraga District

Chéraga is a district in Algiers Province, Algeria. It was named after its capital, Chéraga.

## Municipalities

The district is further divided into 5 municipalities:
* Chéraga
* Hammamet
* Dély Ibrahim
* Aïn Bénian
* Ouled Fayet
36°46′N 2°57′E﻿ / ﻿36.767°N 2.950°E﻿ / 36.767; 2.950
* This article about a location in Algiers Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Kaikhali

Kaikhali is a locality under the jurisdiction of Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).

## Location

Kaikhali is developing into an important residential and commercial centre. Lake Town, Dum Dum Park, Krishnapur (more popularly known as Kestopur), Baguiati, Nagerbazar, Teghoria, Chinar Park, New Town, Salt Lake etc. are the nearby areas of Kaikhali. The population level has been constantly increasing, as has been observed in the rest of the city. This area is highly congested now.
# Craig Hoy

Craig William Hoy (born 1975) is a Scottish politician and former businessman and journalist.
He holds the post of Shadow Cabinet Secretary for Finance and Local Government and serves in the Shadow Cabinet of the Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party under Russell Findlay at Holyrood.
He has served as Chairman of the Scottish Conservatives and was a member of the Shadow Cabinet under Douglas Ross.
Hoy has been a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the South Scotland region since 2021.

## Career

Prior to becoming a politician, Hoy was a businessman in the conference and events arena and prior to that served as a journalist, having worked for the BBC, Parliamentary Communications and was a cofounder of Holyrood magazine.
During his business career he was Executive Director of Public Affairs Asia Ltd. in Hong Kong and Managing Director of the Politics Division of Dods in London.
As a journalist he founded and edited Holyrood Magazine, Whitehall and Westminster World and served as both publishing director and editor of The House Magazine at Westminster.
He was also a member of East Lothian Council, representing the Haddington and Lammermuir ward, having been elected in a by-election in 2019.
Hoy contested the East Lothian seat in the 2019 general election, where he finished third.
Hoy stood in East Lothian at the 2021 Scottish Parliament election, coming third.
In that same election, Hoy was one of three Conservative candidates to be elected as regional members on the South Scotland list.
As an MSP, Hoy has served as the Scottish Conservatives' Shadow Minister for social care and was a member of the shadow health team.
Additionally, he has also served as a member of the Scottish Parliament's Public Audit Committee and now serves as a member of the Finance and Public Administration Committee.
Following the 2022 Scottish local elections, Hoy was appointed chairman of the Scottish Conservatives.
Hoy is openly LGBT+ and lives with his partner Mark in the South Scotland region he represents.