# Saint Paul Police Department

The Saint Paul Police Department (SPPD) is the main law enforcement agency with jurisdiction over the City of Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. It was established in 1854, making it the oldest police organization in the state. In the beginning the men did not have a stationhouse. Prisoners were taken to the Fort Snelling brig until the city built a jail. The SPPD is the second largest law enforcement agency in Minnesota, after the Minneapolis Police Department. The department consists of 575 sworn officers and 200 non-sworn officials. The current Chief of Police is Axel Henry. He is the 42nd chief in the history of the St. Paul Police Department and was sworn in November 2022.

## History

In 1920 St. Paul Councilman and Public Safety Commissioner Aloysius Smith, requested that the St. Paul Police start a Police program for the youth. Sergeant Frank Hetznecke was selected to create the program. In its first year, 750 students signed up for the training program and in February 1921 the first student monitored crossing took place with students from Cathedral school on Kellogg Blvd. Sergeant Hetznecke is credited with introducing the Sam Browne belt and badge that became synonymous with school patrol across the country and administering St. Paul's program for 30 years.
During the Prohibition era, the department was remarkably corrupt. In 1936, the chief, Thomas Brown was fired after an investigation showed he had protected criminals including the Dillinger and the Barker-Karpis gangs.
An arrest outside of a bar on 26 September 2010 is the subject of a lawsuit that claims excessive force. In March 2011, the elite Gang Strike Force was disestablished when a state audit could not account for 13 vehicles and over $18,000 in cash the unit had seized. The auditor's report indicated that Officer Ron Ryan had sold property his detail had retained. Press reports indicated the unit used money taken from gang members to attend a 2009 professional conference held in Hawaii. The SPPD had two prominent incidents of misconduct in relation to their dogs in 2016 and 2017.

## Command structure

* Title
* Chief of Police
* Assistant Chief of Police
* Deputy Chief of Police
* District Chief of District
* Senior Commander
* Commander
* Sergeant (see note)
* Police Officer
NOTE: By contract, all investigators (detectives) hold the rank of sergeant.
* The time that a uniformed sergeant holds this rank is shown by arcs below the chevrons, one for each 5 years after promotion. After three are obtained the next 5 year periods give progressively a diamond and then a star in the field between the arcs and chevrons. Although this is analogous to the uniforms of the United States Army, no additional command authority is granted.

## List of Chief of Police

| Name | Dates |
| William R. Miller | 1854-1858 |
| John W. Crosby | 1858-1859 |
| John O'Gorman | 1859-1861 |
| Horace H. Western | 1861 |
| James Gooding | 1861-1863 |
| Michael Cummings | 1863-1864 |
| John R. Cleveland | 1864-1865 |
| George Turnbull | 1865-1866 |
| John Jones | 1866-1867 |
| James P. McIlrath | 1867-1870 |
| Luther J. Eddy | 1870-1872 |
| James P. McIlrath | 1872-1874 |
| James King | 1875-1878 |
| Charles Weber Jr. | 1875-1878 |
| John Clark | 1883-1892 |
| Albert Garvin | 1892-1894 |
| John Clark | 1894-1896 |
| Michael N. Goss | 1896-1900 |
| Parker L. Getchell | 1900 |
| John J. O'Connor | 1900-1912 |
| Frederick M. Catlin | 1912 |
| Martin J. Flanagan | 1912-1913 |
| Michael Gebhardt | 1913-1914 (Acting) |
| John J. O'Connor | 1914-1920 |
| Thomas E. Campbell | 1920-1921 |
| Henry J. Crepeau | 1921-1922 |
| Michael Gebhardt | 1922 |
| Frank W. Sommer | 1922-1923 |
| Michael Gebhardt | 1923-1924 |
| Edward J. Murnane | 1924-1930 |
| Thomas E. Dahill | 1930 (Acting) |
| Thomas A. Brown | 1930-1932 |
| Thomas E. Dahill | 1932-1934 |
| Frank R. Cullen | 1934 |
| Michael J. Culligan | 1934-1935 |
| Gustave H. Barfuss | 1935 |
| Charles W. Coulter | 1935-1936 |
| Clinton A. Hackert | 1936-1943 |
| Charles J. Tierney | 1943-1952 |
| Neal McMahon | 1952-1954 |
| Albert A. Anderson | 1954-1955 (Acting) |
| William F. Proetz | 1955-1961 |
| Frank A. Schmidt | 1960-1961 (Acting) |
| Lester McAuliffe | 1961-1970 |
| Robert LaBathe | 1970 (Acting) |
| Richard H. Rowan | 1970-1979 |
| Robert LaBathe | 1980 |
| William W. McCutcheon | 1980-1992 |
| William Finney | 1992-2004 |
| J. Mark Harrington | 2004-2010 |
| Thomas E. Smith | 2010-2016 |
| Kathy Wuorinen | 2016 (Interim) |
| Todd D. Axtell | 2016-2022 |
| Jeremy A. Ellison | 2022 (Interim) |
| Axel C. Henry | 2022- |

## Department awards

The department has only issued medals / awards since 1971. The current medals are:
* Medal of Valor Class A
* Medal of Merit Class B
* Medal of Commendation
* Life Saving Award
* Chief's Award For Valor
* Chief's Award For Merit
* Chief's Award
* Officer of the Year
* Detective of the Year
* Professional Staff of the year

## Department size

Like most major cities, the city of St. Paul saw a population decline beginning in the late 1960s. However, the department continued to grow.
| Year | City Population | Sworn Officers | Non-Sworn Law Enforcement Personnel |
| 1849 | 910 | 4 | |
| 1858 | 7,000 | 11 | |
| 1863 | 10,401 | 10 | |
| 1871 | 20,030 | 19 | |
| 1888 | 133,156 | 160 | |
| 1900 | 163,065 | 195 | |
| 1920 | 234,698 | 357 | |
| 1930 | 271,606 | 358 | |
| 1940 | 287,736 | 345 | |
| 1950 | 311,329 | 368 | 26 |
| 1960 | 313,411 | 389 | 43 |
| 1970 | 309,980 | 463 | 69 |
| 1983 | 270,230 | 495 | |
| 1990 | 272,235 | 524 | 131 |
| 2000 | 287,151 | 547 | 211 |
| 2010 | 285,068 | 560 | 300 |
| 2013 | 290,770 | 630 | 350 |
| 2023 | 303,176 | 575 | 225 |