# Shivaranjani

Shivaranjani or Sivaranjani is a musical scale used in Indian classical music. There are two scales, one in Hindustani music and one in Carnatic music. The Hindustani rāga is a pentatonic scale, as is the Carnatic scale categorized as Audava-Audava (audava meaning 'of 5') resulting in 5 notes in the Arohanam and 5 in the Avarohanam.

## Hindustani scale

The Hindustani rāga Shivaranjani belongs to the Kaafi thaat in terms of classification of the scale. Its structure is as follows:
* ārohaṇa : S R g P D Ṡ
* avarohaṇa : Ṡ D P g R S
The komal(soft) gandhar(g) in place of shuddh gandhar (G) is the difference between this rāga and the global musical scale of Bhoop.

### Borrowed into Carnatic music

In Karnatic Music, this is a janya rāga (derived scale) from 22nd mela-kartha raga Kharaharapriya. It is a audava-audava rāgam in Carnatic music classification (i.e., a ragam that has five notes in both its arohana and avarohana). Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) using swaras in Carnatic music notation is as follows:
* ārohaṇa : S R₂ G₂ P D₂ Ṡ
* avarohaṇa : Ṡ D₂ P G₂ R₂ S
(the variant notes used in this scale are chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, chathusruthi dhaivatham other than the invariants shadjam and panchamam)

### Popular compositions

* The opening stanza of Kurai ondrum illai based on lyrics of Rajaji
* Andavan Ambe composed by Papanasam Sivan
* Antaryami Alasithi Solasithi - popular rendering of Annamacharya's krithi.
* Yamanelli Kanenendu, Aluvudyatako Rangayya - popular renderings of Purandara Dasa's krithis.
* Va Velava composed by M D Ramanathan
* The traditional Marathi Abhang - Majhi Dev Puja too has a popularized version of it, in this raga.

## Film songs
### Tamil

| Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
| "Soppana Vaazhvil" | Sivakavi | Papanasam Sivan | M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar |
| "Kaalathil Azhiyaatha" | Mahakavi Kalidas | K. V. Mahadevan | K. B. Sundarambal |
| "Muthukku Muthaga" | Anbu Sagodharargal | K. V. Mahadevan | Ghantasala |
| "Idayaveenai Thongum Pothu" | Iruvar Ullam | K. V. Mahadevan | P. Susheela |
| "Kalaimagal Kai Porule" | Vasantha Maligai | K. V. Mahadevan | P. Susheela |
| "Nalandhana" (Nilamani Ragam similar) | Thillana Mohanambal | K. V. Mahadevan | P. Susheela |
| "Varugavae Varugavae" | Aathi Parasakthi | K. V. Mahadevan | P. Susheela |
| "Saravana Poikaiyil" | Idhu Sathiyam | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | P. Susheela |
| "Naan Pesa Ninaippathellam" | Palum Pazhamum | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | P. Susheela, T. M. Soundararajan |
| "Neerodum Vaikaiyile" | Paar Magaley Paar | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | P. Susheela, T. M. Soundararajan |
| "Aandavane Un" | Oli Vilakku | M. S. Viswanathan | P. Susheela |
| "Enna Vegam Nillu" | Kuzhandaiyum Deivamum | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, A. L. Raghavan |
| "Ellorum Nalam Vaazha" | Enga Mama | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan |
| "Thangathil Mugameduthu" | Meenava Nanban | M. S. Viswanathan | K.J. Yesudas, Vani Jairam |
| "Naan Paadikkonde Iruppen" (pathos) | Sirai | M. S. Viswanathan | Vani Jairam |
| "Uruguthey Idhayame" | Nooravathu Naal | Ilaiyaraaja | Vani Jairam |
| "Vaa Vaa Anbe Anbe" | Agni Natchathiram | Ilaiyaraaja | K.J. Yesudas, K.S. Chitra |
| "Vanna Nilavey Vaigai" (Vijayanagari Ragam similar) | Paadatha Thenikkal | Ilaiyaraaja | K.J. Yesudas, K.S. Chitra |
| "Solai Pushpangale" | Ingeyum Oru Gangai | Ilaiyaraaja | P. Susheela, Gangai Amaran |
| "Unnaithane Thanjam Endru" | Nallavanukku Nallavan | Ilaiyaraaja | K.J. Yesudas, Manjula Gururaj |
| "Ponmane Kovam Yeno" | Oru Kaidhiyin Diary | Ilaiyaraaja | Unni Menon, Uma Ramanan |
| "Kaathirunthu Kaathirunthu" | Vaidehi Kathirunthal | Ilaiyaraaja | P. Jayachandran |
| "Kanmaniye Paesu" | Kaakki Sattai | Ilaiyaraaja | S P Balasubramaniam, S Janaki |
| "Pethu Eduthavathaan" | Velaikkaran | Ilaiyaraaja | Malaysia Vasudevan |
| "Oh Priya Priya!" | Idhayathai Thirudathe | Ilaiyaraaja | Mano, K.S. Chitra |
| "Kudagu Malai" (Vijayanagari ragam) | Karakattakkaran | Ilaiyaraaja | Mano, K.S. Chitra |
| "Kuyil Paattu" | En Rasavin Manasile | Ilaiyaraaja | Swarnalatha, Ilaiyaraaja |
| "Adi Aathadi" | Kadalora Kavithaigal | Ilaiyaraaja | Ilaiyaraaja, S. Janaki |
| "Chinna Ponnu Selai" | Malaiyoor Mambattiyan | Ilaiyaraaja | Ilaiyaraaja, S. Janaki |
| "Valli Valli Enna" | Deiva Vaakku | Ilaiyaraaja | Ilaiyaraaja, S. Janaki |
| "Yaar Aluthu Yaar Thuyaram" | Kannukoru Vannakili | Ilaiyaraaja | K.J. Yesudas, Ilaiyaraaja |
| "Yaarai Keattu" | En Uyir Kannamma | Ilaiyaraaja | K.S. Chitra |
| "Adhikaalai Neram" | Naan Sonnathey Sattam | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Asha Bhosle |
| "Manikuyil Isaikkuthadi" | Thanga Manasukkaran | Ilaiyaraaja | Mano |
| "Vaanuyarntha Solaiyile" | Idaya Kovil | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| "Sindhu Nathi Seemane" (Vijayanagari Ragam) | Ponnumani | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| "Anba Sumanthu" | Ponnumani | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| "Aathorathile Aalamaram" | Kasi | Ilaiyaraaja | Hariharan |
| "Paattu Solli Paada Solli" | Azhagi | Ilaiyaraaja | Sadhana Sargam (Won National Award) |
| "Naan Pooveduthu" | Naanum Oru Thozhilali | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
| "Oru Jeevanthan" | Naan Adimai Illai | Vijay Anand | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
| "Koovurakuyilu" | Solaiyamma | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
| "Ezhelu Jenma Bandham" | Therku Theru Machan | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
| Kannathil Kannam | Watchman Vadivel | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| Pennkiliye Pennkiliye | Sandhitha Velai | Deva | P. Unnikrishnan, Sujatha Mohan |
| "Poovannam" | Azhiyatha Kolangal | Salil Chowdhury | P. Jayachandran, P. Susheela |
| "Kannum Kannum" | Thiruda Thiruda | A.R. Rahman | Mano |
| "Thaneerai Kaadhalikum" | Mr. Romeo | A.R. Rahman | Sangeetha,Sajith |
| "Anjathe Jeeva" | Jodi | A.R. Rahman | Sirkazhi G. Sivachidambaram, Swarnalatha |
| "Dingu Dongu" | Sarvam Thaala Mayam | A.R. Rahman | Bamba Bakya, Anthony Daasan |
| "Vaigai Karai Katre" | Uyirullavarai Usha | Vijaya T. Rajendar | K. J. Yesudas |
| "Padi Azhaithen" | Rasigan Oru Rasigai | Raveendran | K. J. Yesudas |
| "Yezhisai Geethame" | Rasigan Oru Rasigai | Raveendran | K. J. Yesudas |
| "Marikolunthu Mulla Uruthuma" | En Aasai Rasathi | Dr. Chandilyan | K. J. Yesudas |
| "Maamarathu Poo" | Oomai Vizhigal | Manoj Gyan | S. N. Surendar,B. S. Sasirekha |
| "Sendhoora Poove" | Senthoora Poove | Manoj Gyan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,B. S. Sasirekha |
| "Yaar Padalo & Pooncholaiyai" | Panthaya Kuthiraigal | Manoj Gyan | K. J. Yesudas, Malaysia Vasudevan |
| "Sevaanam Pookalthoovum" | Chinna Mayil | Manoj Gyan | P. Jayachandran, K.S. Chitra |
| "Kanna Devaloga" | Rojakkal Unakkaga | Manoj Gyan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha |
| "Masai Matham" | MGR Nagaril | S. Balakrishnan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha |
| "Pattu Onnu Paadattuma" | Pudhu Vasantham | S. A. Rajkumar | K. J. Yesudas (Ver 1), S. P. Balasubrahmanyam (Ver 2) |
| "Anantham Anantham" | Poove Unakkaga | S. A. Rajkumar | P. Unnikrishnan, K.S. Chitra |
| "Vanathu Nilaveduthu" | Simmarasi | S. A. Rajkumar | P. Unnikrishnan, Swarnalatha |
| "Kalyana Vaanil" | Aanandham | S. A. Rajkumar | Unni Menon,Sujatha |
| "Enai Thedum Megam" | Kannodu Kann | Shankar–Ganesh | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jairam |
| "Moongililai Kaadugale" | Penmani Aval Kanmani | Shankar–Ganesh | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jairam |
| "Nee Parkama Poriye" | Manaivi Oru Manthiri | Shankar–Ganesh | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Uma Ramanan |
| "Sala Sala Yena" | Ponnu Pakka Poren | K. Bhagyaraj | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| "Nenjil Kodiyaagam" | Chinna Chittu | Devendran | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| Vellai Rojavea | Nanbargal | Babul Bose | Satheesh,K. S. Chithra |
| Ennuyerea Ennuyerea | Nanbargal | Babul Bose | Satheesh,K. S. Chithra |
| "Avaravar Vazhkaiyil" | Pandavar Bhoomi | Bharadwaj | Bharadwaj |
| "Unakkena Iruppaen" | Kaadhal | Joshua Sridhar | Haricharan |
| "Yedi Kallachi" | Thenmerku Paruvakaatru | N. R. Raghunanthan | Vijay Prakash, Shreya Ghoshal |
| "Kurai Ondrum Illai" | Arai En 305-il Kadavul | Vidyasagar | Harini |
| "Poo Meedhu" | Dishyum | Vijay Antony | Malgudi Subha |
| "Ooradangum Samathiley" | Kalavani | S. S. Kumaran | Senthilvelan |
| "Unkooda Pesathaane" | Rubaai | D. Imman | Shreya Ghoshal, Anthony Daasan |
| "Sudalamada Saamikitta" | Pettikadai | Mariya Manohar | Shreya Ghoshal |

### Hindi

* Teri Payal Baji Jahan from Bade Ghar Ki Beti, sung by Mohammed Aziz & Anuradha Paudwal
* Tere Ishq Mein Pagal Ho Gaya from Humko Tumse Pyaar Hai, sung by Udit Narayan, Sapna Awasthi & Alka Yagnik

### Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspects of this rāgam.

#### Graha bhedam

Shivaranjani's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 2 other pentatonic rāgams, namely, Sunadavinodini and Revati. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. See Graha bhedam on Shivaranjani for more details and an illustration.

#### Scale similarities

* Mohanam is a popular rāgam which has the antara gandharam in place of sadharana gandharam. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 G3 P D2 S : S D2 P G3 R2 S
* Pahadi Raag is technically a Cross-Breed of Mohanam and Shivaranjani, as it has both antara gandharam and sadharana gandharam
* Abhogi is a popular rāgam which has the shuddha madhyamam in place of panchamam. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 G2 M1 D2 S : S D2 M1 G2 R2 S

## Carnatic scale

The Carnatic scale Shivaranjani is a janya rāgam (derived scale) associated with the 64th parent scale Vachaspati (melakarta). It has vakra prayoga (zig-zag notes in its scale and note phrases) and its scale is as follows.
* ārohaṇa : S R₂ G₃ M₂ D₂ P N₂ Ṡ
* avarohaṇa : Ṡ N₂ D₂ P D₂ M₂ G₃ R₂ S

### Compositions

The compositions in this scale are:
* Andavan anbe and Tarunamidaya dayai composed by Papanasam Sivan
* Maha Tripura Sundari Varnam composed by Madurai R. Muralidaran