OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pleurotomarioidea

Pleurotomarioidea is a superfamily of small to large marine gastropods included in the order Pleurotomariida of the subclass Vetigastropoda.
These are the slit shells, originally named Pleurotomariacea, in keeping with the convention for naming superfamilies at the time. This updated version of the name for the taxon is usually used by students of the living Mollusca. Paleontologists often still use the name Pleurotomariacea instead.

## Evolutionary history

Forming the first evidence of crown-group gastropods when they appeared in the Upper Cambrian, the fossil record of the Pleurotomarioideans has no substantial gaps until today. The group took quite a hit at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–T boundary), with only the Pleurotomariidae surviving the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event – and then only in deep waters.
Living representatives of the group were first discovered in the mid-19th century, and their unusual mix of primitive and derived characters perplexed biologists. The researchers originally responded by re-working their ideas of how the gastropod lineage evolved, but with the introduction of cladistics, attempts are currently underway to fit them into a molluscan phylogeny.

## Taxonomy
### 2004 taxonomy

J. D. Stilwell et al. 2004 put the Pleurotomarioidea in the order Archaeogastropoda which is included in the Prosobranchia.

### 1993 and 2005 taxonomy

The following families have been recognized in taxonomy by Tracey at al. (1993) and in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
* family Pleurotomariidae
* † family Catantostomatidae
* † family Kittlidiscidae
* † family Phymatopleuridae
* † family Polytremariidae
* † family Portlockiellidae
* † family Rhaphischismatidae
* † family Trochotomidae
* † family Zygitidae
Bouchet and Rocroi (2005) includes the Pleurotomarioidea in the Vetigastropoda, following Ponder and Lindberg (1997), but refers to the Vetigastropoda simply as a clade.

### 2008 taxonomy

P. J. Wagner 2008 includes the superfamily Pleurotomarioidea, (ex Pleurotomariacea) in the suborder Pleurotomariina and superorder Vetigastropoda. This is an as yet (September 2010) unpublished opinion by Wagner.
# Hip hip hooray

Hip hip hooray (also hippity hip hooray; hooray may also be spelled and pronounced hoorah, hurrah, hurray etc.) is a cheer called out to express congratulation toward someone or something, in the English-speaking world and elsewhere, usually given three times.
By a sole speaker, it is a form of interjection. In a group, it takes the form of call and response: the cheer is initiated by one person exclaiming "Three cheers for...[someone or something]" (or, more archaically, "Three times three"), then calling out "hip hip" (archaically, "hip hip hip") three times, each time being responded by "hooray" or "hurrah".
The cheer continues to be used to express congratulations. In Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and to a lesser extent the United Kingdom, the cheer is usually expressed after the singing of "Happy Birthday to You". In Canada and the United Kingdom, the cheer has been used to greet and salute the monarch at public events.

## History

The call was recorded in England in the beginning of the 19th century in connection with making a toast. Eighteenth century dictionaries list "Hip" as an attention-getting interjection, and in an example from 1790 it is repeated. "Hip-hip" was added as a preparatory call before making a toast or cheer in the early 19th century, probably after 1806. By 1813, it had reached its modern form, hip-hip-hurrah.
It has been suggested that the word "hip" stems from a medieval Latin acronym, "Hierosolyma Est Perdita", meaning "Jerusalem is lost", a term that gained notoriety in the German Hep hep riots of August to October 1819. Cornell's Michael Fontaine disputes this etymology, tracing it to a single letter in an English newspaper published August 28, 1819, some weeks after the riots. He concludes that the "acrostic interpretation ... has no basis in fact." Ritchie Robertson also disputes the "folk etymology" of the acronym interpretation, citing Jacob Katz.
One theory about the origin of "hurrah" is that the Europeans picked up the Mongol exclamation "hooray" as an enthusiastic cry of bravado and mutual encouragement. See Jack Weatherford's book Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World.
# Divyesh Akbari

Divyesh Akbari is an Indian politician from Gujarat. He is a member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly from Jamnagar South Assembly constituency in Jamnagar district. He won the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

## Career

Akbari won from Jamnagar South Assembly constituency representing the Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election. He polled 86,492 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Manoj Kathiria of the Indian National Congress, by a margin of 62,697 votes.
# North Dakota Department of Agriculture

The North Dakota Department of Agriculture is a part of the government of the U.S. state of North Dakota. The department fosters a healthy economic, environmental, and social climate for agriculture and the rural community through leadership, advocacy, education, regulation and other services.

## History

The department was established in 1966 when the North Dakota Department of Agriculture and Labor split into two separate entities, with the other being the North Dakota Department of Labor.
# Ting Ting Chaoro

Ting Ting Chaoro (Meitei: ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯣ) is a classical Meitei language song. It is usually sung by mothers while bathing their children. It is also sung by the maibis (traditional Meitei priestesses) during Lai Haraoba festival.

## Song

| Lyrics | Romanisation | English translation |
| ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯣ | Ting ting Chaoro | Grow fast grow fast |
| ꯏꯄꯥ ꯃꯆꯨꯝ ꯇꯥꯔꯣ | Epa machum taro | Let the qualities of the father be there in you |
| ꯏꯄꯨ ꯃꯆꯨꯝ ꯇꯥꯔꯣ | Epu machum taro | Let the qualities of the grandfather be there in you |
| ꯊꯕꯤꯅ ꯀꯥꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯀꯥꯍꯧꯔꯣ | Thabina karingei kahouro | Let you grow like the cucumber |
| ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯅ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯤꯉꯩ ꯋꯥꯡꯍꯧꯔꯣ | Numitna wanglingei wanghouro | Let you rise as the sun rises. |

## Significance

It is believed that children inherit traits and behaviors from their grandparents. Singing the Ting Ting Chaoro song is thought to pass down the natural and cultural qualities of ancestors, along with their unique values. It also helps preserve cultural heritage through traditions and social-religious practices.

## In later versions

The modern song Ting Ting Chaoro is the second track of the album Ema Gi Wari, having two parts. The first part talks about the struggles and lives of Meitei people in the Barak and Surma Valleys, caused by a disaster. The "hey-hey heya-hey" chant sounds like a call used during hard work in the fields. The backing vocals create a feeling of unity and hope. This part of the song shows the start of a new civilization, from building homes by the river to opening a market. The second part is a traditional Meitei rhyme about raising a child. It stands for hope, a fresh start after disaster, and new beginnings after tragedy.
# Nongoba Bullom Chiefdom

Nongoba Bullom Chiefdom is a Chiefdom in Bonthe District Sierra Leone. The Current Paramount Chief is Rugiatu Inatorma Sasay Bumpeh. Madam Inatorma is the first female Paramount Chief in Nongoba Bullom Chiefdom. She took over from the late Jonathan Karba Karba Tucker, a Sherbro, who was elected in 2010. The chief during the war, Charlie Bawulle Tucker, fled in 1995 and did not return until 2002.
Nongoba Bullom Chiefdom has 13 sections, and these sections have 21 tiny Villages. Bullom Sections. Gbap Section. Torma-Subu Section. Kessie Section. Haahun Section. Baoma Section. Manyemi section. Saalma Section. Solon Section. Gbangbassa Section. Bohui Section. Ngarnga Section. Pelewahun Section.
The people of Nongoba Bullom are both Bullom and Sherbro. The chiefdom gets its name from Nongoba, a bullom fisherman from Pujehun, who entered the area on a fishing expedition, moving through Kwamabai Krim. He setted in Gbap alongside the Sherbro and developed a prosperous fishing business. He made peace with many local people and had many wives.
Its capital is [Bullom].
# Hales

Hales is a small village in Norfolk, England. It covers an area of 3.99 km$^2$ (1.54 sq mi) and had a population of 479 in 192 households as of the 2001 census, which had increased to 525 as of the 2021 census.

## History

The village's name means 'nooks of land'.
The manor of Hales is recorded in the Domesday Book. From the 11th century to the 17th century, Hales manor was held by the De Hales, later Hales, family.
Hales Hall was built in 1478 by Sir James Hobart, the Attorney General of Henry VII. He acquired the estate from Sir Roger de Hales, whose daughter had married the Duke of Norfolk. In 1666, the last Hales heiress was Lady Dionysia Williamson, who left her estate to her nephew, John Hoskins.

## Church of St Margaret

The St Margaret's Church in Hales is one of 124 existing round-tower churches in Norfolk. With its thatched roof, this church closely resembles the original appearance of an early round-tower church. It is in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust, and is a Grade I listed building.

## Transport

The village is served by First Eastern Counties' route X2, which runs between Norwich and Lowestoft.

## Amenities

The Pastures, a local care home, is located on Yarmouth Road.

## Nearest places

* Loddon
* Thurton
* Thurlton
* Raveningham
# Coyet

Coyet is a Dutch-Swedish noble family. Notable members of the family include:
* Balthasar Coyett, Dutch-Swedish colonial official
* Frederick Coyett, Swedish nobleman
* Vilhelmina Eleonora Coyet, wife of Rutger Macklean, 2nd Friherre
# Lowri Morgan

Lowri Morgan (born 29 January 1975) is a Welsh television presenter, adventurer and ultra marathon runner. She has presented S4C's coverage of the World Rally Championship, BBC's Rugby flagship show Scrum V and the magazine show Uned 5. Morgan is one of a handful of athlete to have completed the notoriously difficult 350-mile 6633 Ultra in the Arctic and the Amazon Ultra Marathon which were both filmed for documentaries. She has also visited the site of RMS Titanic for a television documentary.

## Biography

Morgan is originally from Gowerton in Swansea Wales and was educated at Ysgol Gyfun Gŵyr. She was also a track and field runner and was part of the Swansea Harriers Athletics Club and ran in 1500 meters events. Morgan attended Cardiff University and studied music. Morgan played right-wing on the university's rugby team having been called on to replace an injured player. She played on the Welsh national women's team but pulled her cruciate ligaments out of her tibia and doctors had to remove a torn knee cartridge, causing her to spend the next year using a wheelchair.
She went on to have a career in television. Morgan is the presenter of S4C's coverage of the World Rally Championship and is the current host of the ITV television series Helimeds. She also presented the teenage-magazine programme Uned 5, with one of its features showing her becoming one of 80 people to travel to the wreck of RMS Titanic. In 2004, she visited the wreck of HMS Oxford for a documentary called Chwilio am Long Harry Morgan. Morgan was also recently featured in the new podcast series from Rebel Girls based on the book Goodnight Stories for Rebel Girls and narrated the episode titled “Aisholpan Nurgaiv“
Morgan has taken part in Ultra Marathons, including the Amazon Marathon and the 350-mile 6633 Arctic Marathon. She was one of six people to have completed the Amazon Marathon. In the latter marathon, Morgan was affected by stress fractures on her feet, and was required to use crutches. She was the sole finisher of the marathon as several of her competitors withdrew three days before it ended. The events were filmed for the documentary series Ras yn Erbyn Amser with Morgan as the producer. Both series won several awards which include the Celtic Media Festival's highest accolade and Morgan was awarded the Best Presenter at the 2012 BAFTA Cymru Awards and Best Documentary Series.

## Personal life

Morgan is married to Sion Jones, who also works in television. She has one child. Morgan was previously a member of The National Youth Choir and of the Orchestra of Wales. She was made an Honorary Fellowship and was awarded an master's degree from Swansea University in July 2012.
# Valencia Hotel Group

Valencia Hotel Group is a privately held corporation based in Houston that has 8 hotel properties in the United States and several projects under development.

## History

Valencia Hotel Group was founded in the mid-1990s by Doyle A. Graham, Sr., who was the managing director of the Hotel Galvez in Galveston in the late 1950s and early 1960s. His son, Doyle A. Graham Jr., serves as President and CEO.
In 2001, Federal Realty Investment Trust leased a site to the firm to develop an independent hotel on the San Antonio River Walk. It received a 99-year lease on the space, and opened Hotel Valencia Riverwalk in 2003. The hotel was included in Condé Nast Traveler magazine's list of the world's Top 100 new hotels in May 2004. Its success led the group to open Hotel Valencia Santana Row in San Jose, California.
In 2009, Hotel Sorella CityCentre opened in Houston in the mixed-use urban CityCentre development.
In 2013, Hotel Sorella Country Club Plaza was opened in Kansas City, MO and the Lone Star Court opened in the Domain mixed-use project in Austin, TX.
The group took over management of the Lancaster Hotel in downtown Houston in 2005 but declined to renew the management commitment after their three-year management agreement expired.
In 2017, the firm opened three hotels with Midway Development in downtown Houston and College Station, Texas: the 222-room Hotel Alessandra at the intersection of Dallas and Fannin streets in the GreenStreet mixed-use development downtown Houston.
In College Station, home of Texas A&M University, Valencia developed the 141-room Cavalry Court and Midway developed the 162-room The George, both in the Century Square mixed-use project in College Station. That same year the Hotel Sorella Country Club Plaza was sold by the owner Van Trust and the name was changed to La Fontaine.
In 2018, Valencia opened the 152-room Texican Court in the Las Colinas neighborhood of Irving, Texas.
In 2020, Valencia has plans to open the 169-room Cotton Court in downtown Lubbock, TX.
In 2014, both Valencia's and Hotel Sorella CITYCENTRE were rated by Condé Nast Traveler magazine's Readers' Choice Awards. Hotel Valencia Riverwalk and Hotel Sorella CITYCENTRE were ranked in the top 15 in Texas.

## Properties and brands

The hotels are set up in two brands, Valencia Hotels and Court Hotels. Valencia Hotels are larger and feature an old world European style. They are also located in exclusive locations.
The Court Hotels are smaller boutique hotels that aim at implementing local style. The Texican Court, for example, uses old west themes to bring out the Texan feel.

### Valencia Hotels

* The George, a Valencia Hotel (College Station, Texas)
* Hotel Alessandra, by Valencia Hotel Group (Houston, Texas)
* Hotel Valencia Riverwalk (San Antonio, Texas)
* Hotel Valencia Santana Row (San Jose, California)

### Court Hotels

* Cavalry Court (College Station, Texas)
* Cotton Court (Lubbock, Texas)
* Lone Star Court (Austin, Texas)
* Texican Court (Irving, Texas)
# Alpena, West Virginia

Alpena is an unincorporated community in Randolph County, West Virginia, United States.
Originally settled as Alpina, the village was located at the foothills of Shaver's Mountain and named after the Swiss Alps because the terrain reminded the settlers of their homeland. Nearby is Spruce Knob, the state's highest elevation, at 4,863 feet. The name Alpina was later corrupted to Alpena, though the exact circumstances of this change are unclear.

## Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Alpena has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
# Big Boy

Big Boy, Bigboy or Big Boys may refer to:

## Food

* Big Boy Restaurants, the overall restaurant chain and franchises
** Bob's Big Boy, the original California-based regional restaurant chain
** Frisch's Big Boy, the Ohio-based regional restaurant chain
* Big Boy tomato

## People

* Big Boy (nickname), a list of people
* Big Boy (radio host) (born 1969), host on Los Angeles station KRRL
* Bigboy Matlapeng (born 1958), Botswanan long-distance runner
* Perrance Shiri (Bigboy Samson Chikerema, 1955–2020), Zimbabwean air marshal

## Film and theater

* Big Boy (musical), a 1925 Broadway production starring Al Jolson
* Big Boy (film), a 1930 musical comedy starring Al Jolson as a jockey riding the horse Big Boy
* Big Boys (TV series), a British television sitcom
* Big Boys (film), a 2023 film

## Music
### Artists

* Big Boys (band), a band
* Arthur Crudup (1905–1974), American singer and guitarist
* Big Boy Goudie (1899–1964), American jazz musician
* Arthur "Big Boy" Spires (1912–1990), American blues singer and guitarist
* Big Boy (rapper) (born 1975), Puerto Rican rap and reggaeton songwriter born Gustavo Roy Diaz in 1975

### Albums

* Big Boy (EP), by Charlotte Cardin
* Big Boy, an album by eLDee

### Songs

* "Big Boy" (song), by The Jackson 5
* "Big Boy", a song by Sparks in the film Rollercoaster
* "Big Boys", a song by Elvis Costello from Armed Forces (1979)
* "Big Boys", a song by Chuck Berry from Chuck (2017)
* "Big Boys", a Saturday Night Live sketch

## Other uses

* Big Boy Junction, Tennessee, an unincorporated community
* Big Boy Peak, a mountain in Idaho
* Union Pacific Big Boy, a class of steam locomotives
* Alphonse "Big Boy" Caprice, a Dick Tracy character
* Henry Big Boy, a rifle by Henry Repeating Arms
* Atrax christenseni, an Australian spider species nicknamed "big boy"
# Battle of Calafat

The battle of Calafat (Turkish: Kalafat Muharebesi; German: Gefecht bei Kalafat) took place on 26 September 1790 and was one of the battles of the 1787-1791 Austro-Turkish War. It ended in a Habsburg victory despite the stubborn defence of the Ottoman soldiers.

## Battle

In 1790, the Turks, driven out of Wallachia by the Russians and Austrians, defeated the troops of Prince Coburg at the siege of Giurgiu following a successful sortie. Encouraged by their success, the Turks crossed into Wallachia again via Vidin. They decided to attack the weaker detachment of field marshal François Sébastien de Croix. On 14 June, 2,000 Ottoman soldiers left Vidin and, having crossed by boat to the left bank of the Danube, landed at Calafat.
Clerfayt, who had 17,000 men under his command, scattered in a cordon along the Danube from Brașov to the Olt. He sent a detachment under the command of General Buslach (4 battalions and 4 divisions of cavalry) to Kalafat. The appearance of this detachment forced the Turks to start a return crossing to the right bank of the Danube. However, having decided to firmly occupy Kalafat, 8,000–12,000 men crossed the river once more and entrenched themselves on the hills near the village on 24 June whilst 7 ships with guns, the so-called “gulls”, were located on the flanks of the trenches.
Clerfayt decided to force 10 battalions and 8 divisions of cavalry to push the Ottomans from the Danube and at 5am on 26 June he appeared in front of the Turkish camp, ordering the infantry in two lines. The cavalrymen lined up behind them and distributed their guns partly in the gaps and some of them were directed towards the Turkish ships. Gunfire started the fight but had little effect on the Janissaries behind the redoubts, and Clerfayt ordered the infantry to attack immediately to give the Turks no time to call in further reinforcements from Vidin. However, just as the battalions began to move, Sipahis appeared on the adjacent heights to surround the Austrian soldiers on the left flank. Clerfayt immediately sent four squadrons and two battalions from the unattacked wing to meet them. The Sipahis were repulsed, and after a stubborn resistance from the Turks, the trenches were captured by the remaining battalions. The Turks fled across the river; some by gulls whilst others were forced to swim.
The Austrian losses amounted to 10 officers and 200 men killed and wounded. The Turks lost 1,500 men, most of whom drowned in the Danube.

## Sources

* Петров А. Н. Вторая турецкая война в царствование Императрицы Екатерины II. 1787—1791 г. — СПб.: Тип. Р. Голике, 1880. — Т. II. 1787—1789 гг. Вторая турецкая война в царствование императрицы Екатерины II. 1787-1791 гг. Том II. 1789-1791
* August von Witzleben: Prinz Friedrich Josias von Coburg-Saalfeld, Herzog zu Sachsen, K.K. und des Heil. Röm. Reiches Feldmarschall, Verlag der Königlichen Geheimen Ober-Hofbuchdr. Decker, Berlin 1859 Prinz Friedrich Josias von Coburg Saalfeld, Herzog zu Sachsen, K.K. und des heil. röm. Reiches Feldmarschall
# The Nerds

"The Nerds" is a series of sketches on American sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live. The protagonists of the sketch are Lisa Loopner (played by Gilda Radner) and Todd DiLaMuca (played by Bill Murray), whose repartée with one another would be the focus of the sketch, and regular character Mrs. Enid Loopner (played by Jane Curtin), Lisa's mother, in whose home the sketches were usually set. Virtually all the time Mrs. Loopner, a widow, would wear a housecoat. She often referred to her "wifely duties" concerning her late husband (who was born without a spine), and told Lisa Loopner to "...go warm up the Gremlin..." before they went out somewhere.
Todd would often give Lisa noogies by getting her in a headlock and knocking her on the top of the head, and a regular element of the sketches would be Todd making fun of her flat chest. He'd look down her shirt to see whether there were "any new developments" and then make a disparaging comment such as "Better put some Band-Aids on those mosquito bites," to which Lisa's weary reply was often "That's so funny I forgot to laugh," or "The last time I heard that I fell off my dinosaur". Lisa also addressed Todd affectionately as "Pizza Face."
Todd's name was originally given as "Todd LaBounta", but was changed in later sketches after legal action was threatened by a real person with that name. When the earlier LaBounta "Nerd" sketches were re-run on repeat SNL broadcasts, the audio was re-edited so that Todd's last name was not heard.
Guest stars included Michael Palin, who played Mr. Brighton, Lisa's piano teacher with an uncontrollable libido, in two sketches; Buck Henry as Todd's father, Marshall; and Steve Martin as Todd's rival Chas the Spaz.
In 1979, the series producers came up with a sketch in the series titled "Nerds' Nativity". Intended to be aired three days before Christmas Day, the sketch was a source of friction between the show's producer, Lorne Michaels, and NBC's standards department. The standards department contended that it was inappropriate to spoof the nativity of Jesus; the producer countered that in fact the sketch was spoofing nativity plays. In the end, the sketch was broadcast, although with some of the dialogue cut, resulting in viewers sending letters of complaint to the program.