# Sem Municipality

Sem is a former municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The 102-square-kilometre (39 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1988. The area is now part of Tønsberg Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Semsbyen. Other villages in Sem included Barkåker, Eik, Husvik, Husøy, Ringshaug, and Tolvsrød.

## General information

The parish of Sem was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). On 1 January 1877, a small area of Sem (population: 61) was transferred into the growing city of Tønsberg. On 1 July 1915, an area of Nøtterøy Municipality (population: 12) was transferred to Sem Municipality.
During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1965, the Stang area of northeastern Sem (population: 126) was transferred to Borre Municipality. On 1 January 1967, a minor boundary adjustment was made: an area of Stokke Municipality (population: 5) was transferred to Sem and a nearby area of Sem (population: 2) was transferred to Stokke Municipality. On 1 January 1988, all of Sem Municipality (population: 21,948) was merged with the city of Tønsberg (population: 8,896) to form a new, larger Tønsberg Municipality.

### Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Sem farm (Old Norse: Sæmr, a compressed form of Sæheimr) since the first Sem Church was built there. The first element is sær which means "sea" or "ocean", likely referring to the local Tønsbergfjorden. The last element is heimr which means "home" or "abode".

### Churches

The Church of Norway had three parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Sem. It was part of the Tønsberg domprosti (arch-deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The churches in the parish included Sem Church, Slagen Church, Vallø Church, Søndre Slagen Church, and Husøy Church.

## History

Originally the parish of Sem was named after the historic Sem Manor (Sem hovedgård). During the Middle Ages, Sem Manor was the residence of a royal and feudal overlord at the site where Jarlsberg Manor is located today. King Harald Fairhair chose to install his son Bjorn Farmann as the master of the estate. It was here that Bjorn Farmann was killed by Eric Bloodaxe in 927. In 1673, Peder Schumacher Griffenfeld took over the property which until then had belonged to the King of Denmark. Griffenfeldt named the farm Griffenfeldgård, but three years later it was renamed Jarlsberg Manor (Jarlsberg Hovedgård). In 1682, the buildings on Jarlsberg burned and new buildings of stone were built by the new owner, the Danish-Norwegian Field Marshal Wilhelm Gustav Wedel.

## Government

While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality was under the jurisdiction of the Tønsberg District Court and the Agder Court of Appeal.

### Mayors

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Sem:
* 1838–1840: H.P. Holmboe
* 1840–1843: Peter Sverdrup
* 1843–1844: Jens Mørch
* 1844–1850: Jacob Jacobsen
* 1850–1852: Ole Helgesen Sande
* 1852–1854: Mathias Askehaug
* 1854–1858: O. von Munthe af Morgenstierne
* 1858–1860: Hans Olsen Røraas
* 1862–1866: H.C.P. Bakkeskaug
* 1866–1868: Carl Askeløf
* 1868–1870: J.L. Thams
* 1870–1874: P.A.O. Røsland
* 1876–1888: Nils Christian Larsen Ullenrød
* 1888–1899: H.C. Horgen
* 1899–1908: Kr. Løken
* 1908–1910: J. Haagenrud
* 1910–1911: A. Holth
* 1911–1914: Kr. Løken
* 1910–1911: A. Holth
* 1914–1917: Tank Frydenberg
* 1917–1920: Ole Olsen Nauen (H)
* 1920–1923: A. Monrad Rom
* 1923–1931: Chr. Auli
* 1932–1935: Th. Bostrøm Hansen
* 1935–1939: E. O. Bjønness
* 1938–1940: Nils Røraas
* 1945–1945: Harald Norheim
* 1946–1948: Morten Ilebrekke (H)
* 1948–1951: O. Olsen Nauen (H)
* 1952–1955: Asbjørn Døvle (H)
* 1956–1967: Alf Berg (Ap)
* 1967–1975: Gert Bjerløv (KrF)
* 1975–1988: Jacob Kirsebom (H)

### Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Sem was made up of 41 representatives that were elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political party.
Sem kommunestyre 1983–1987 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 13 |
| | Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 4 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 18 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 1 |
| | Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem kommunestyre 1979–1983 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 13 |
| | Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 1 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 19 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 4 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 |
| | Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem kommunestyre 1975–1979 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 14 |
| | Anders Lange's Party (Anders Langes parti) | 1 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 15 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 5 |
| | New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) | 1 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 3 |
| | Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem kommunestyre 1971–1975 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 17 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 14 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 3 |
| | Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem kommunestyre 1967–1971 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 15 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 |
| | Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem kommunestyre 1963–1967 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 19 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 15 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 2 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 |
| | Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) | 1 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 2 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem herredsstyre 1959–1963 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 20 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 15 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 |
| | Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem herredsstyre 1955–1959 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 18 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 17 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 |
| | Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) | 2 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 41 |
Sem herredsstyre 1951–1955 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 13 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 13 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 |
| | Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) | 2 |
| | Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 32 |
Sem herredsstyre 1947–1951 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 11 |
| | Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 1 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 17 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 32 |
Sem herredsstyre 1945–1947 :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 13 |
| | Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) | 1 |
| | Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 4 |
| | Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 14 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 32 |
Sem herredsstyre 1937–1941* :
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives |
| | Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 10 |
| | Conservative Party (Høyre) | 20 |
| | Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) | 2 |
| Total number of members: | Total number of members: | 32 |
| Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945. |||