OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus

Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus (6 June 1838 – 4 May 1900) was a German chemist. He is known for his structure of benzene proposed in 1867.

## Life

Claus was born in 1838 in Kassel, Germany. Starting from 1850, he studied medicine in Marburg and later chemistry at the University of Marburg, with Hermann Kolbe. After spending a short time at the University of Berlin, he worked with Friedrich Wöhler at the University of Göttingen. He received his PhD in 1862, and in the same year changed his position and started working at the University of Freiburg. He completed his habilitation in 1866 and became assistant professor in the following year. With the retirement of Lambert Heinrich von Babo, Claus succeeded him as full professor. He held that position until his retirement due to health problems in 1900. Clause died in Horheim near Wutöschingen in the same year.

## Work

Claus mostly worked in organic chemistry where his interests were very diverse and included alkaloids, aromatic substitution, oximes and theoretical considerations on the structure of organic molecules. Claus is best known for proposing a model of benzene molecule in 1867.
In his model, the six carbon atoms of benzene form a hexagon with a hydrogen atom attached to every corner. To preserve valence 4 for carbons, the opposite corners of the hexagon are connected by single bonds. It took years of research before the three postulated structures of benzene – by Albert Ladenburg (1869), August Kekulé 1865 and by Claus – found their place in organic chemistry. Ladenburg's prismane and Claus' benzene were both proven to be wrong. While the prismane was synthesized in 1973, calculations showed that the synthesis of Claus' benzene is impossible.
Claus synthesized and determined the structure of several isomers of oximes. He described the isomerism by differences in the bond structure of the molecules whereas several other scientists found it more convincing to describe the difference by the relatively new concept of stereochemistry. This scientific dispute lasted until his death in 1900.
# Barbetta

Barbetta is an Italian restaurant focused on Piemonte cuisine located at 321 West 46th Street (between 8th Avenue and 9th Avenue) on the Theater District's Restaurant Row in New York City. Founded in 1906, Barbetta is one of the city's oldest family-owned Italian restaurants and the oldest restaurant in the Theater District. It holds many other firsts from its food innovations.
Barbetta was founded in 1906 by Sebastiano Maioglio and is now owned by his daughter, Laura Maioglio, who took over in 1962.

## Innovations

Barbetta was the first Italian restaurant to present white truffles "on a continuous and regular basis during the truffle season" and was one of the first restaurants in Manhattan to add a garden for dining outdoors.

## Recognition

Barbetta is the first restaurant in America to have received landmark status from the Locali Storici d'Italia when it was designated Locale Storico (Historic Establishment).
In 2013, Zagat gave it a food rating of 22.
# David Levi (poker player)

David Levi (Hebrew: דוד לוי; born 2 December 1962, in Tel Aviv, Israel) is an Israeli professional poker player and former professional footballer who in his poker career has won over $2.6 million in live tournaments.
Levi, who was born and raised in Israel, was a paratrooper in the Israel Defense Forces and then later played soccer professionally for Hapoel Ramat Gan. After his soccer career was cut short by a knee injury, he then moved to Los Angeles, California, where he was introduced to poker and was once the roommate of professional poker player and friend Amir Vahedi. A few years later he moved to Las Vegas, Nevada, where he currently resides.
As of 2020, his total live tournament winnings exceed $4,000,000. His 37 cashes at the WSOP account for $553,434 of those winnings.

## World Series of Poker

Levi has multiple cashes at the World Series of Poker (WSOP), which includes two final tables, and has made the final table of the 2005 WSOP Tournament of Champions. His highest finish in the Main Event was 121st in 2007.

## World Poker Tour

Levi has finished in the money at 10 World Poker Tour (WPT) championship events, making the final table in season six at the 2007 Mandalay Bay Poker Championship where he finished 3rd earning $229,540. He also made a final table of the WPT offspring known as the Professional Poker Tour, where he finished 3rd at the Mirage Poker Showdown event in 2005.

## Other poker events

Levi has over 20 first place victories in various event over his poker career. In April 2002, he won the '$3,100 No Limit Hold'em' event at the Bellagio High Buy-in Tournament Series, after he had defeated WPT Champion Alan Goehring during heads-up play, earning $159,468, winning the $1,500 Limit Hold'em event at the 2003 Bellagio Five-Diamond World Poker Classic, earning $144,917 and winning California State Poker Championship in 2000, earning $26,751, and then again in 2004, earning $99,745.
# Siraniama

Siraniama (Khmer script: ស៊ីសៈងាម, Sra Niem; Thai: ศรีเสงี่ยม, RTGS: Si Sa-ngiam, fl. 1410s or 1420s) was initially the consort of Entho Reachea, who ruled the Angkorian Empire after it was captured by his father Ramesuan. When Ponhea Yat assassinated Entho Reachea and took over Angkor, he made her his queen.
It was said that after the assassination the Cambodians massacred the Siamese and opened the gates. When he entered the palace, Ponhea Yat found there a pretty Siamese woman who was crying. Interrogated by him, she lowered her head, and looking at him "with the tips of her eyes" replied that her name was Siraniama and that she was a Ayutthaya princess. Ponhea Yat found her so pretty that he married her.
She had at least two sons with Ponhea Yat, who ruled as Barom Reachea (II):
* Gamakatra, whom Ponhea Yat abdicated for in c. 1431 and who ruled as Noreay Reachea
* Dharmaraja
# John L. Smithmeyer

John L. Smithmeyer (1832–1908) was an American architect.

## Biography

He was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1832 and came to the U.S. in 1848. He studied architecture in Chicago and began an architectural practice in Indianapolis. After serving in the U.S. Civil War in Indiana, he was appointed superintendent of the construction of Government buildings in the South and subsequently moved to Washington, D.C., and partnered with Paul J. Pelz to win the competition for the new building of the Library of Congress (now Thomas Jefferson Building).
Smithmeyer later won other assignments together with Pelz (Healy Hall, Georgetown University; Carnegie Free Library of Allegheny, Pittsburgh) but in 1888 was dismissed from the Library of Congress project following controversy over the award of a cement contract. The partnership ended the same year. Pelz has been attributed the main role in the general design of the building and the execution of its exterior, while Smithmeyer was instrumental in securing the commission. In 1906 Smithmeyer published a History of the Construction of the Library of Congress (1906), in which he defended his role in the project.
In the early 1890s Smithmeyer worked on the construction of the Chamberlain Hotel in Fort Monroe, Virginia, a commission he had won together with Pelz before their separation. The hotel was completed in 1896 but destroyed by fire in 1920 and replaced by the current building.
Smithmeyer died in 1908.
# Pakkadmane Hudugi

Pakkadmane Hudugi (transl. The Girl Next Door) is a 2004 Indian Kannada-language romantic comedy film directed by M. S. Rajashekar, starring Raghavendra Rajkumar and Ranjitha. It is a remake of the Hindi film Padosan (1968) which in turn was based on the Bengali film Pasher Bari (1952).

## Cast

* Raghavendra Rajkumar as Balu
* Ranjitha as Indu
* Anant Nag as Chakravarthy
* Mohan as Indu's music teacher
* Doddanna
* Hulivana Gangadharaiah
* Karibasavaiah
* Sumithra
* Chitra Shenoy

## Production

This film marks the return of Raghavendra Rajkumar to acting after five years. A song was shot at M G Road, Bangalore.

## Soundtrack

Music by Rajesh Ramanath. Three songs were reused from Padosan and three additional songs were composed.

## Reception

SND of Deccan Herald wrote that "The director has followed the original story idea. His efforts to make this film lively as far as possible is clearly visible particularly in the first half which is mainly comedy". R. G. Vijayasarathy of IANS wrote that "In the end, Pakkadmane Hudugi turns out to be yet another Kannada film that fails to make any impact". A critic from Sify wrote that "Raghavendra Rajkumar is cool as Balu while Ananthnag and Mohan as Indu’s music teacher steal the show. Ranjitha is not up to the mark as heroine".
# Navarre Library

The Navarre Library is the community library of Navarre, Florida. The library is part of the Santa Rosa County Library System based out of Milton, Florida.
The branch is the primary provider of library services and book lending in Navarre, the third-largest community in the Florida Panhandle, only smaller than Pensacola and Tallahassee.

## History

The library was founded as an independent volunteer-run library after the county stopped bookmobile services in the 1980s. The library was eventually merged into the West Florida Public Libraries System, before leaving the system in 2006 with the other Santa Rosa County library branches to create the Santa Rosa County Library System.
The current building was built at its current location in the 1990s. Navarre Library has been renovated and updated several times since that point in time.
# Orthodox Church in Italy

The Orthodox Church in Italy (Italian: Chiesa Ortodossa in Italia), also called Chiesa Vecchio-Cattolica in Italia or Old Catholic Church in Italy, is an Old Catholic denomination.

## History

Since 2013, the church adopted the alternative name Chiesa Vecchio-Cattolica in Italia / Chiesa Ortodossa in Italia ("Orthodox Church in Italy / Old Catholic Church in Italy").

### Nordic Catholic Church vicariate

Since 2015, it is a vicariate of the Nordic Catholic Church (NCC). The NCC is a member church of the Union of Scranton.
# 2023 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad (women's race)

The 2023 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 25 February 2023 in Belgium, starting in Gent and finishing in Ninove. It was the 18th edition of the Omloop Het Nieuwsblad for Women and the fourth event of the 2023 UCI Women's World Tour.
The race was won by Belgian rider Lotte Kopecky of SD Worx in a solo finish, beating the peloton by 11 seconds.

## Route

Running for the first time as a UCI Women's World Tour event, the course was lengthened to 132.3 kilometres (82.2 mi). Running from Gent to Ninove, the course included five cobblestone sections and eight climbs.

## Teams

Twenty-four teams participated in the race, including all fifteen UCI Women's WorldTeams and nine UCI Women's Continental Teams.
UCI Women's WorldTeams
* SD Worx
* Movistar Team
* FDJ–Suez
* Trek–Segafredo
* UAE Team ADQ
* Canyon–SRAM
* Team Jumbo–Visma
* Uno-X Pro Cycling Team
* Canyon–SRAM
* Liv Racing TeqFind
* Canyon–SRAM
* Team DSM
* Fenix–Deceuninck
* EF Education–Tibco–SVB
* Human Powered Health
* Team Jayco–AlUla
* Israel Premier Tech Roland
UCI Women's Continental Teams
* AG Insurance–Soudal–Quick-Step
* Parkhotel Valkenburg
* Ceratizit–WNT Pro Cycling
* Duolar-Chevalmeire
* Cofidis
* Lifeplus Wahoo
* Lotto–Dstny Ladies
* Arkéa Pro Cycling Team
* Proximus-Alphamotorhomes-Doltcini

## Result

The race was won by Belgian rider Lotte Kopecky of SD Worx in a solo finish, beating the peloton by 11 seconds. Dutch rider Lorena Wiebes of SD Worx won the bunch sprint for second place. Amanda Spratt of Trek–Segafredo retained the leaders jersey of the UCI Women's World Tour.
Final general classification :
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Lotte Kopecky (BEL) | SD Worx | 3h 33' 55" |
| 2 | Lorena Wiebes (NED) | SD Worx | + 11" |
| 3 | Marta Bastianelli (ITA) | UAE Team ADQ | + 11" |
| 4 | Emma Norsgaard (DEN) | Movistar Team | + 11" |
| 5 | Pfeiffer Georgi (GBR) | Team DSM | + 11" |
| 6 | Anouska Koster (NED) | Uno-X Pro Cycling Team | + 11" |
| 7 | Quinty Ton (NED) | Liv Racing TeqFind | + 11" |
| 8 | Christina Schweinberger (AUT) | Fenix–Deceuninck | + 11" |
| 9 | Soraya Paladin (ITA) | Canyon–SRAM | + 11" |
| 10 | Elisa Longo Borghini (ITA) | Trek–Segafredo | + 11" |
# Muskogee Police Department

Muskogee Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency in Muskogee, Oklahoma, United States. Consisting of 91 sworn officers and 28 other employees, the department serves a population of over 40,000 people.

## History

The Muskogee Police Department was established in 1898. Prior to its establishment, law enforcement in Muskogee was provided by the United States Marshals Service and a city marshal. One early officer was Federal Deputy Marshal Bass Reeves, the first African American to serve in such an office.
Since 1995, crime rate has reduced 45% in Muskogee. According to records by the Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation, in 2002, 2008 and 2009, no murders were committed for the entire year.
The department was under the supervision and operational command of Chief of Police Rex Eskridge, a member of the department since 1969 and police chief since 1992.
Chief of Police Rex Eskridge retired in July 2018 after 49 years of service. Deputy Chief Johnny Teehee was sworn in as Chief of Police on July 17, 2018.

## Controversies
### 2009 arrest of Larry Eugene Chaplin

In 2009, two local officers arrested Larry Eugene Chaplin. They handcuffed him and then allowed a police dog to attack him while he was on the ground. In March 2012, the city settled with Chaplin for an undisclosed amount.

### 2016 traffic stop

Muskogee Police made the news after they pursued an alleged traffic stop on August 7, 2016, from a man running a stop sign and continuing to his mother's home after refusing to stop led to police forcing their way into the home where the situation ended with the 84-year-old mother being pepper sprayed as well as the 54-year-old man police were pursuing being tasered.
The matter became under investigation after pressure arose online following the release of body camera video. Much of the public believed the police utilized unnecessary force, especially in spraying the woman, who many believed did not seem threatening or uncooperative.
# Coeranica

Coeranica is a small genus of moths of the family Oecophoridae. It occurs in Australia.

## Species

There are three recognized species:
* Coeranica eritima Meyrick, 1883
* Coeranica isabella (Newman, 1856)
* Coeranica rhythmosema (Turner, 1940)
# Bryan Cabezas

Bryan Alfredo Cabezas Segura (born 20 March 1997) is an Ecuadorian footballer who plays for Amazonas.

## Club career

Born in Quevedo, Ecuador, Cabezas began his professional career with Independiente del Valle. He became known internationally for his great performances against River Plate and Boca Juniors.
In August 2016, Italian club Atalanta announced the signing of Cabezas on a five-year contract.

### Panathinaikos (loan)

On 16 July 2017, Cabezas signed a three-year contract with the Greek team Panathinaikos.
On 3 August 2017, Cabezas scored the second goal in the away victory 1–2 against Gabala FK for Europa League 3rd Qualifying Round. Two weeks later, he scored in the home defeat 2–3 against Athletic Bilbao for Europa League play-offs.
On 16 January 2018, only six months after his contract, Cabezas' loan to Panathinaikos was ended early. In his time there, the 20-year-old winger made 14 official performances in all competitions scoring twice in the 2017–18 UEFA Europa League.

### Fluminense (loan)

On 25 July 2018, Cabezas signed to Brazilian club Fluminense a loan with an option to buy.

### Emelec (loan)

On 13 January 2019, Cabezas joined on loan to Ecuadorian club Club Sport Emelec until 30 June 2020.

### Sarmiento

On 12 July 2024, Cabezas returned to professional football join Argentine club Sarmiento on until the end of 2025.

## International career

Cabezas was named in Ecuador's senior squad for a 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Brazil in September 2016. He made his debut for Ecuador on 22 February 2017 in a match against Honduras.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 7 April 2019
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Independiente del Valle | 2013 | Primera A | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Independiente del Valle | 2014 | Primera A | 6 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Independiente del Valle | 2015 | Primera A | 43 | 3 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 45 | 3 |
| Independiente del Valle | 2016 | Primera A | 18 | 1 | — | — | 15 | 3 | 33 | 4 |
| Independiente del Valle | Total | Total | 68 | 4 | — | — | 17 | 3 | 85 | 7 |
| Atalanta | 2016–17 | Serie A | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Atalanta | Total | Total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Panathinaikos (loan) | 2017 | Superleague Greece | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 14 | 2 |
| Avellino (loan) | 2017–18 | Serie B | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 7 | 0 |
| Fluminense (loan) | 2018 | Série A | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Emelec (loan) | 2019 | Serie A | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 95 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 23 | 5 | 119 | 10 |
* 1 2 Appearances in the Copa Libertadores
* ↑ Appearances in the Europa League
# List of mayors of Campobasso

The mayor of Campobasso is an elected politician who, along with the Campobasso's city council, is accountable for the strategic government of Campobasso in Molise, Italy.
The current mayor is Marialuisa Forte, a centre-left independent, who took office on 25 June 2024.

## Overview

According to the Italian Constitution, the mayor of Campobasso is member of the city council.
The mayor is elected by the population of Campobasso, who also elect the members of the city council, controlling the mayor's policy guidelines and is able to enforce his resignation by a motion of no confidence. The mayor is entitled to appoint and release the members of his government.
Since 1994 the mayor is elected directly by Campobasso's electorate: in all mayoral elections in Italy in cities with a population higher than 15,000 the voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for the party of the candidate's coalition. If no candidate receives at least 50% of votes, the top two candidates go to a second round after two weeks. The election of the City Council is based on a direct choice for the candidate with a preference vote: the candidate with the majority of the preferences is elected. The number of the seats for each party is determined proportionally.

## Italian Republic (since 1946)
### City Council election (1946-1995)

From 1946 to 1995, the Mayor of Campobasso was elected by the City Council.
| | Mayor | Term start | Term end | Party |
| 1 | Ferruccio Impallomeni | 1946 | 1947 | PDL |
| 2 | Alessandro De Gaglia | 1947 | 1953 | DC |
| 3 | Angelo Martino | 1953 | 1954 | Ind |
| (2) | Alessandro De Gaglia | 1954 | 1960 | DC |
| 4 | Alessio Rizzi | 1960 | 1962 | Ind |
| 5 | Carlo Vitale | 1962 | 1970 | DC |
| 6 | Franco Nucciarone | 1970 | 1974 | DC |
| 7 | Umberto Porzio | 1974 | 1975 | Ind |
| 8 | Nunzio Ruta | 1975 | 1980 | DC |
| 9 | Antonio Macchiarola | 1980 | 1980 | DC |
| 10 | Gerardo Litterio | 1980 | 1990 | DC |
| 11 | Vittorio Rizzi | 1990 | 1992 | DC |
| 12 | Vincenzo Di Grezia | 1992 | 1995 | DC |

### Direct election (since 1995)

Since 1995, under provisions of new local administration law, the Mayor of Campobasso is chosen by direct election, originally every four, then every five years.
| | Mayor | Term start | Term end | Party | Coalition | Election |
| 13 | Augusto Massa | 8 May 1995 | 14 June 1999 | PDS DS | PDS • PPI • PdD • PRC | 1995 |
| 13 | Augusto Massa | 14 June 1999 | 14 June 2004 | PDS DS | DS • PPI • PdCI • SDI • PRC | 1999 |
| 14 | Giuseppe Di Fabio | 14 June 2004 | 8 June 2009 | PD | DS • DL • PRC • SDI | 2004 |
| 15 | Luigi Di Bartolomeo | 8 June 2009 | 29 May 2014 | PdL | PdL • MpA • UDC | 2009 |
| 16 | Antonio Battista | 29 May 2014 | 11 June 2019 | PD | PD • IdV • UDC | 2014 |
| 17 | Roberto Gravina | 11 June 2019 | 28 September 2023 | M5S | M5S | 2019 |
| 18 | Marialuisa Forte | 25 June 2024 | Incumbent | Ind | PD • M5S • AVS | 2024 |

#### Notes

* ↑ Resigned after being elected regional councillor. The deputy Mayor Paola Felice (M5S) held the office till a new municipal election was held.
# National Highway 153 (India)

National Highway 153 (NH 153), formerly NH-216, is a national highway in India. It is a spur road of National Highway 53. NH-153 traverses the state of Chhattisgarh in India.

## Route

NH-53 at Saraipali, Sarangarh, NH-49 at Raigarh.

## Junctions

    NH 53 Terminal near Saraipali.
    NH 49 Terminal near Raigarh.
# Nerchinsk katorga

Nerchinsk katorga (Russian: Нерчинская каторга, Nerchinskaya katorga) was a system of katorga — a type of penal labour — practiced by the Russian Empire in the area of the Nerchinsk Mining District [ru]. That district embraced a large part of eastern Transbaikalia (today's Chita Oblast), near the border to China, in the 18th to 20th centuries. The District consisted of a variable number of industrial centres (zavody), usually operated by military administrations, the first of which, Nerchinsk, situated not far from the confluence of Nercha and Shilka Rivers, was established in the 18th century after the discovery in the area of large mineral reserves. Thus, penal labor was used to work the mines.
The village of Nerchinsky Zavod, another of the District centres, was founded in 1700 by Greek mining engineers in the employ of the Russian Government. Several shafts and smelting furnaces were constructed. Starting in 1722, prisoners took over the mining.
Katorga labor was used for mining lead ore and silver on tsar's private lands (so called cabinet lands) and in foundries, wine-making and salt-processing factories. From 1850 to 1890, katorga labor was used at Kara gold fields and for the construction of prison buildings. In 1869, they established the Nerchinsk Katorga Administration, which subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior. From 1826 to 1917, it was a katorga for political prisoners.
Its prisons were named after the mines they served:
* Akatuy katorga (Акатуйская каторжная тюрьма, 1832–1917)
* Algachi katorga prison (Алгачинская каторжная тюрьма, 1869–1915)
* Kara katorga (Карийская каторга)
** Upper-Kara prison (closed in 1890)
** Middle-Kara prison (closed in 1890)
** Lower-Kara or Ust-Kara prison
* Zerentuy katorga (Зерентуйская каторжная тюрьма)
** Maltsev katorga (for women) (Мальцевская каторжная тюрьма)
** Kutomarskaya katorga (Кутомарская каторжная тюрьма)
** Kadainskaya katorga (Кадаинская каторжная тюрьма)
* Alexandrovskaya prison (Александровская тюрьма)
Among its convicts were Decembrists, insurgents of Polish uprising of 1830–31, Polish uprising of 1863, Narodniks, Social Democrats, and others.
During George Kennan's visit to the area in 1885, together with the painter George Albert Frost, he noted the Algachi and Pokrofski mines were worked by about 220 convicts. These two mines were the most productive in the district, producing 1440 pounds of silver and 144,000 pounds of lead, from 400 short tons of ore. The total number of convicts in the Nerchinsk silver-mining district was approximately 952. There were 188 at Alexandrofski Zavod, 150 at Algachi, 70 at Pokrofski. The Kadainski and Smirnovo mines had 184. The Savenski and Gorni Zerentuiefski mines had 360.

## 1885 George Kennan Gallery

* Akatui
* Alexandrovsk Prison
* Algachi
* Pokrofski Mine
* Pokrofski Prison
* Kadainski
* Savenski