OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Moisture

Moisture is the presence of a liquid, especially water, often in trace amounts. Moisture is defined as water in the adsorbed or absorbed phase. Small amounts of water may be found, for example, in the air (humidity), in foods, and in some commercial products. Moisture also refers to the amount of water vapor present in the air. The soil also includes moisture.

## Moisture control in products

Control of moisture in products can be a vital part of the process of the product. There is a substantial amount of moisture in what seems to be dry matter. Ranging in products from cornflake cereals to washing powders, moisture can play an important role in the final quality of the product. There are two main aspects of concern in moisture control in products: allowing too much moisture or too little of it. For example, adding some water to cornflake cereal, which is sold by weight, reduces costs and prevents it from tasting too dry, but adding too much water can affect the crunchiness of the cereal and the freshness because water content contributes to bacteria growth. Water content of some foods is also manipulated to reduce the number of calories.
Moisture has different effects on different products, influencing the final quality of the product. Wood pellets, for instance, are made by taking remainders of wood and grinding them to make compact pellets, which are sold as a fuel. They need to have a relatively low water content for combustion efficiency. The more moisture that is allowed in the pellet, the more smoke that will be released when the pellet is burned.
The need to measure water content of products has given rise to a new area of science, aquametry. There are many ways to measure moisture in products, such as different wave measurement (light and audio), electromagnetic fields, capacitive methods, and the more traditional weighing and drying technique.
# National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (S. 1605; NDAA 2022, Pub.L. 117-81) is a United States federal law which specifies the budget, expenditures and policies of the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) for fiscal year 2022. Analogous NDAAs have been passed annually for 60 years.

## History

The House of Representatives bill H.R. 4350 was introduced on July 2, 2021, by Rep. Adam Smith of Washington state, the chair of the House Armed Services Committee. Markup began on July 28. 780 amendments were made during markup, which ended on August 31. A corresponding Senate bill, S. 2792, was introduced on September 22.
The House approved their version of the bill in a 316 to 113 vote on September 23. It included a provision that women, like men, should be required to register for Selective Service. However, this was later removed from the final bill.
The Senate approved to move forward and consider the House's version of the NDAA instead of theirs on November 17, by a 84 to 15 vote. Conflict in the Senate led the version of the bill introduced in the Senate to be placed on hold, due to objections by Senator Marco Rubio over the attached amendment package. A compromise bill was created through a previously introduced Senate bill, S. 1605 on December 7, and the House passed it on the same day with bipartisan support, which removed some of the provisions in the Senate version of the NDAA bill. On December 15, the compromise bill was passed by the Senate in a 88–11 vote.
President Joe Biden signed the NDAA 2022 into law on December 27, 2021. In his signing statement, Biden expressed reservations about restrictions on transferring Guantánamo Bay detainees, potential infringements on the President's authority to protect sensitive national security information, and the constitutionality of Senate confirmation for certain executive branch working group members.

## Provisions

Section 1683 (50 U.S.C. § 3373) directs the Secretary and Director of National Intelligence to establish an office to carry out the duties of the Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF). In July 2022 the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) was (re-)established to meet those requirements. This section was later amended by the 2023 NDAA. Language on the topic of UAP was also included in the subsequent Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (i.e. 50 U.S.C. § 3373a), as well as an accompanying Senate Select Committee on Intelligence report for the previous Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (i.e. S. Rept. 116-233).
# Wasco

Wasco is the name of four places in the United States:

## Places
### United States

* Wasco, California, a city in California.
** Wasco State Prison, located in Wasco, California
* Wasco, Illinois, a former hamlet (unincorporated town) in Illinois, now part of Campton Hills
* Wasco, Oregon, a city in Oregon
* Wasco County, Oregon, a county in Oregon

### Chile

* Wasco a city in Chile
* Wasco a province in Chile

### Native American

Wasco may also mean:
* Wasco-Wishram, two Native American tribes from Oregon
* Wasco-Wishram language, a dialect of Upper Chinook, a Chinookan language

### Companies

* Wasco Energy, an oil and gas service company specializing in pipeline coatings
# Bill Parry (footballer, born 1914)

William Parry (20 October 1914 – 22 December 1964) was an English footballer who played as a left half-back. He played in the Football League for Leeds United, and spent many years in non-league football either side of the Second World War.

## Life and career

Parry was born in Denaby Main, West Riding of Yorkshire, in 1914. He was on the books of Midland League club Mexborough Athletic in the 1933–34 season, and in the next, he was a member of the team that lost only once at home from November 1934 to the end of the campaign. He was retained for 1935–36, but Mexborough finished bottom of the Midland League and withdrew from it. Parry became one of several former Mexborough players to sign for nearby Denaby United. He enjoyed what the South Yorkshire Times described as an "outstanding" season, and then moved on to another Midland League club, Frickley Colliery, who could reportedly outbid even Third Division teams because they could offer paid work at the colliery in addition to football wages. His stay was short: on 28 October 1937, Parry signed for First Division club Leeds United. He made his debut in a 1–1 draw with Chelsea on 26 December 1938, and made five more league appearances and two in the FA Cup in what remained of that season.
Transfer-listed because Leeds had "so many excellent half-backs", Parry was a target for Third Division Reading, but in June 1939, he left the Football League and signed for Southern League club Chelmsford City. His career was soon interrupted by World War II: he remained with Chelmsford until the end of the season, playing regularly as they won the Eastern Section of the 1939–40 Southern League and drew the play-off with Lovell's Athletic, winners of the Western Section. Parry married Hilda Boosey in May 1940. After his club closed down for the duration, he kept up his football by guesting for Southend United and Clapton Orient, making 32 appearances for each club. He also played for the team of Christy and Norris, manufacturers of pulverisers and similar machinery, for which he was employed in war work.
By then playing as a full back, Parry captained the team and missed only one match as Chelmsford won the League–League Cup "double" in the first post-war edition of the Southern League. He took his first-team appearance totals to 101, and was retained for the 1948–49 season, during which he was awarded a benefit. After attending a Football Association coaching course, he began coaching Chelmsford's reserve side. In 1949, he joined Halstead Town as player-coach, making 75 appearances over the course of two seasons.
He returned to Chelmsford City as reserve team trainer in 1951, and took over the same role with the first team. It was while working as trainer that he made a solitary appearance in a 7–1 loss away to Merthyr Tydfil on 31 January 1953, making up the numbers when player Fred Newby missed the train to Wales for the game. He retired due to ill-health in 1962, and died in 1964 in hospital in Chelmsford at the age of 50.
# Divorce Invitation

Divorce Invitation is a 2012 American romantic comedy film directed by S. V. Krishna Reddy and co-written by Robert Naturman and Bala Rajasekharuni. It was produced by R. R. Venkat and co-produced by M S P Srinivas Reddy. Upon release, the film received mixed reviews. The movie is based on director's own 1997 Telugu movie Aahwanam.

## Plot

Mike Christian falls in love with a Jewish girl, Dylan Lipnick. Her grandparents initially disapprove, but finally agree to their marriage after Mike converts to Judaism. Dylan's parents' divorce badly affected her and she draws up with a long prenup that Mike signs without reading. They honeymoon and return to the house the grandparents have bought for them.
After four months of marriage, Mike comes up with the idea of franchising the family business to make money, he is joined in this by his best pal Scotty. After putting together a business plan they approach a large business only to find the CEO is on her way to a golf/business week. Dylan takes out a new Visa card to allow Mike to track the CEO down and broker the business deal because this will make for a "happy husband". Mike tracks the CEO down in Scottsdale, Arizona and finds she is actually Alex Birch, the girl he was supposed to take to prom 13 years earlier and did not happen due to interference from her dad. The spark that was there before reignites and they start a relationship. Mike e-mails Dylan to ask for a divorce and immediately afterwards finds out she is pregnant. Following the prenup, Dylan refuses the divorce; the prenup has a clause that a divorce can only happen with a formal divorce ceremony, with everyone from the original wedding and the bride and groom in their original clothes. This has to be followed by a formal ceremony paid for by the person wanting a divorce. Also, the person bringing the divorce has to explain the reasons.
Mike spends a lot of time organizing the ceremony and getting people to attend. On the day of the divorce ceremony, he decides he loves Dylan and apologizes to Alex, and stays with his wife.

## Cast

* Jonathan Bennett as Mike
* Jamie-Lynn Sigler as Dylan
* Nadia Bjorlin as Alex
* Maeve Quinlan as Pam
* Elliott Gould as Dylan's grandfather
* Lainie Kazan as Dylan's grandmother
* Paul Sorvino as Daniel Miller
* Richard Kind as George Mason
* Andrea Bowen as Melanie

## Production

Divorce Invitation was reported to be a remake of S. V. Krishna Reddy's 1997 Indian Telugu-language film Aahwanam, however, Reddy denied the same by saying that it's a completely different subject.
# Sequence (biology)

A sequence in biology is the one-dimensional ordering of monomers, covalently linked within a biopolymer; it is also referred to as the primary structure of a biological macromolecule. While it can refer to many different molecules, the term sequence is most often used to refer to a DNA sequence or a protein sequence.
# Governor Charles Bent House

The Governor Bent House is the historic home of Governor Charles Bent who served as the first United States territorial governor of New Mexico.

## Charles Bent

In 1846 Charles Bent was appointed Governor of the territory of New Mexico during the Mexican–American War. An Anglo-American government rule was culture shock to the Native Americans who had lived in the land for many centuries and then coexisted (in a manner where kidnapping, murder and rape by both sides was commonplace) with Hispanic people during Spanish colonization and then possession by Mexico. Protesting American's possession of the territory, an angry mob descended on his home in January, 1847 and killed Governor Bent, survived by his wife and children who escaped through a hole in the adobe wall to the neighboring home.
Prior to becoming governor, Bent was a well-respected trader who owned a number of wagon trains on the Santa Fe Trail and trading posts in Santa Fe and Taos. Bent built Bent's Fort in Colorado with his brother William and Ceran St. Vrain. It was a famous trading center for Native Americans and early mountain men. He traded with frontier mountain men, exchanging supplies for furs and buffalo hides.

## Museum

Located just north of the Taos Plaza at 117 Bent Street, the Governor Bent House is a private museum open to the public. Inside the museum are memorabilia and artifacts of the uprising. Within the house is the hole in the wall that allowed family members to escape. The museum also has works of local artists.
The building is Hispanic Vernacular built about 1835 of adobe stucco over adobe bricks and wooden framed building. The building is on the State Register of Cultural Properties since 1969 and the National Register of Historic Places. The building is occupied by the museum, an art gallery and rental units.
# Munich Animation

Munich Animation is a German animation studio based in Munich, Germany. It produces traditional and CGI animation for feature films, short films, television, advertising and games. The studio's notable features include The Fearless Four and Help! I'm a Fish.

## Filmography

Note: This section only lists films entirely produced by the company.
* The Day of the Cat [de] (2010)
* Wo ist Fred? (2006)

### Traditionally animated films

* The Simpsons Movie (2007)
* Pooh's Heffalump Movie (2005)
* Piglet's Big Movie (2003)
* Jester Till (2003)
* The Powerpuff Girls Movie (2002)
* Hey Arnold!: The Movie (2002)
* The Shark and the Piano (2001) – Short
* Help! I'm a Fish (2000)
* Tobias and His Lion (1999)
* The Fearless Four (1997)
# Cyril Snipe

Cyril Snipe (1888-1944) was a British motor racing driver who won the 1912 Targa Florio in Sicily driving an Italian SCAT motor car.

## Early life

Cyril Arthur Snipe was born at Conisborough, Yorkshire, in the first quarter of 1888 to Arthur W Snipe, a schoolmaster, and Fanny (née Banner). By the time of the 1901 census the family were living in Tamworth, Staffordshire. Snipe was the nephew of a Manchester car dealer, John Bennett of Newton-Bennett, who backed his early racing career.

## Motoring career

Newton and Bennett was an associate company of SCAT (Società Ceirano Automobili Torino), an automobile manufacturer from Turin, Italy, that was founded in 1906 by Giovanni Battista Ceirano. Snipe reportedly worked at the Turin factory as a test driver.
In 1910 he achieved a class victory in the Modena sprint driving an (Società Piemontese Automobili) S.P.A., manufactured in Turin by Matteo Ceirano.

### Targa Florio

Snipe won the Targa Florio (Giro di Sicilia) on 25 and 26 May 1912 when, driving a SCAT 25/35 with his co-driver Pedrini, they completed the 965 kilometre course around the island of Sicily in 24 hours 37 minutes 39 seconds. Snipe defeated a field of 26 cars, including Lancia, Isotta-Fraschini, Fiat and Alfa. The race passed through Palermo; Messina; Catania; Syracuse; Ragusa; Gela; Agrigento; Marsala; Trapani; and back to Palermo.
Snipe drove a SCAT again in the 1913 Targa Florio race but failed to finish.
In 1919 the British manufacture Eric-Campbell entered two cars in the tenth Targa Florio held on 23 November and comprising 4 laps of the 108 kilometre Madonie circuit. The drivers were Snipe and Jack Scales who would subsequently race for the Italian marque Chiribiri. l'Inglese Scalese (The Englishman Scales) in car number 23 retired after 1 lap due to a broken steering arm, whilst Snipe did not complete a single lap in car number 24.

## Family life

In 1911 Snipe married Blanche L Blainey in Salford, Greater Manchester but she died in 1918 in Portsmouth aged 28. Thus in 1922 he married Emily Hendrey (or Moreton) in Paddington.
His death was registered in Surrey in 1944 at the age of 55.
# Béatrice Chatel

Béatrice Chatel is a French physicist and researcher specializing in femtosecond lasers. She was awarded an Irène Joliot-Curie Prize in 2005 for her work.

## Life and work

In 1993, Chatel graduated from the Institut d'optique Graduate School, sometimes called "SupOptique." She completed her thesis at the Kastler Brossel laboratory and then became a lecturer at the University Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier. After a short period at the Applied Optics Laboratory, she began full time research at the Collisions, Aggregates, Reactivity (LCAR) laboratory as a research fellow. Between 2013 and 2014, she was director of the laboratory.
Chatel distinguished herself by developing a laser capable of shaping its pulses in an extremely precise way. Using this tool, researchers can break up molecules in a controlled manner depending on the properties of the laser pulse to which they are subjected.
In addition to her work as a researcher, Chatel was president of the steering committee of the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) national network of femtosecond technologies, which seeks to promote exchanges among scientific communities that use these lasers. (A femtosecond laser is a beam of light that is sent in pulses that last about one quadrillionth of a second.) Chatel sometimes visits schools to share stories about her work with young people, "especially young girls." She has also worked as a volunteer at a hospital school where she "contrives to distract sick children with her physics lessons."
Chatel was part of the team that created a travelling optics exhibition that became a part of the World Year of Physics in 2005, the same year she was awarded the Irène Joliot-Curie Prize in the young scientist category.

## Selected publications

* Chatel, Béatrice, Jérôme Degert, Sabine Stock, and Bertrand Girard. "Competition between sequential and direct paths in a two-photon transition." Physical Review A 68, no. 4 (2003): 041402.
* Chatel, Béatrice, Jérôme Degert, and Bertrand Girard. "Role of quadratic and cubic spectral phases in ladder climbing with ultrashort pulses." Physical Review A 70, no. 5 (2004): 053414.
* Monmayrant, Antoine, Béatrice Chatel, and Bertrand Girard. "Real time quantum state holography using coherent transients." Optics communications 264, no. 2 (2006): 256-263.
* Chatel, Béatrice, Damien Bigourd, Sébastien Weber, and Bertrand Girard. "Coherent control of spin–orbit precession with shaped laser pulses." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 41, no. 7 (2008): 074023.
* Monmayrant, Antoine, Sébastien Weber, and Béatrice Chatel. "A newcomer's guide to ultrashort pulse shaping and characterization." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 43, no. 10 (2010): 103001.

## Distinctions

* 2005: Bronze Medal, CNRS
* 2005: Irène Joliot-Curie Prize, young scientist category.
# Altenburg (Bamberg)

The Altenburg is a castle that sits on the tallest of the seven hills of Bamberg, southern Germany, overlooking the town. It is located in Upper Franconia, a region in the state of Bavaria, and dates back to at least 1109.

## History

The first mention of the Altenburg was in 1109, although it is likely that it was built on the spot of an earlier palisade castle.
It first served as what is known in German as a "Fliehburg". This is a castle that was not regularly inhabited, but served mainly for city defense as a place where local residents could flee to in times of danger.
In 1251, the prince-bishop of Bamberg acquired the castle. From 1305 to 1553, it was the residence of the bishops.
In 1553, during the Second Margrave War, the army of Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, burned the castle down. Afterward the castle was used as a prison for a while.
In 1801, the Bamberg physician Adalbert Friedrich Marcus acquired the decaying castle and restored it from the ground up. The author E. T. A. Hoffmann, who was friends with Marcus, felt so drawn to the castle that he frequently stayed for a long time in one of the wall towers during the years 1808 to 1813.
In 1818, a society for the maintenance of the Altenburg, named the "Altenburgverein e.V. Bamberg," received the castle. The society was founded by Anton von Grafenstein, the postmaster of Bamberg.
From 1952 to 1982, a brown bear named Poldi lived in a Zwinger (a defensive enclosure) in the castle. The Zwinger is still present, but today only houses a stuffed bear.

## Current use

Today, the castle is open for public tours. There is a restaurant in the castle called the "Restaurant Altenburg." The restaurant also manages the so-called Knights Hall, used mostly for events such as weddings or other celebrations.

## Gallery

* Altenburg
* Seen from the South
# Grace Hudson Museum

The Grace Hudson Museum in Ukiah, California, is adjacent to the Sun House which artist Grace Hudson and her husband John designed and had built in 1911. Today the house and museum are owned and operated by the city of Ukiah. The Sun House, a Craftsman style house constructed of redwood, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## History

After working in Oklahoma Territory in 1904-1906, Grace and John Hudson returned to Ukiah, California. There they designed and built what became known as The Sun House in 1911. It was a Craftsman-style California bungalow made of redwood. The Hudsons adopted the Hopi sun symbol as their own and displayed the symbol over the front door. They led a modest bohemian lifestyle of collecting, traveling, field work, reading, entertaining, photography and painting. John Hudson died at The Sun House in 1936, and Grace in 1937.
They had no children. Grace Hudson bequeathed The Sun House and its land to her nephew, Mark Carpenter. Carpenter preserved the house and its 30,000 collected objects for posterity, giving it to the City of Ukiah. The house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and designated California Historical Landmark #926. The Sun House and Museum are operated by the city within its 4-acre (16,000 m$^2$) Hudson-Carpenter park. The museum's website says of Grace Hudson, "...her work enjoys renewed interest and recognition for its fine and sympathetic portrayals of native peoples."

## Gallery

* Pomo baskets on exhibit