OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# CFJR-FM

CFJR-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 104.9 FM in Brockville, Ontario. The station, owned by My Broadcasting Corporation, airs an adult contemporary format branded as Move 104.9.

## History

The station was launched in 1926 as CFLC at 1010 kHz in Prescott. The station was operated by The Radio Association of Prescott (W.H. Plumb, A.G. Halliday, A.C. Casselman, P.J. McAndrews, L.F. Knight, H.M. Perkins, W.A. Cornell, J.E. White and D.S. Carlisle). The call letters stand for: "Canada's Finest Little Community". In the 1940s, Jack Whitby's Eastern Ontario Broadcasting Co. Ltd. purchased CFLC and moved the studios to the Fulford Building on Courthouse Avenue, near King Street in Brockville. In addition to being owner, Jack Whitby was also manager. In 1943, the callsign changed to CFBR ("BR" stood for BRockville). In 1946, it changed to CFJM ("JM" for Jack Murray) until it changed to its current callsign to CFJR ("JR" for Jack Radford) in 1950 where it has remained since. The station also had gone through different ownerships over the years.
The station changed frequencies to 930 in the early 1930s, until March 29, 1941, when it moved to 1450 kHz and moved one last time on the AM band to 830 kHz on September 19, 1985, before it moved to its current FM 104.9 MHz frequency on July 14, 2003.
In 1959, CFJR's news department hired a 21-year-old college dropout, Peter Jennings. This was Jennings debut in journalism. Many of his stories, including his coverage of a local train wreck, were picked up by the CBC and, in March 1961, he moved on to CJOH-TV, then a new television station in Ottawa.
Bruce Wylie, the morning show co-host, is the longest-tenured active talent in Bell Media Radio celebrating 50 years at CFJR on April 7, 2021. Today, it is also the only AC station owned by Bell Media that originated on the AM dial. It is also Bell Media's only AC station not broadcasting at 100,000 watts like its sister AC stations, CHQM-FM in Vancouver or CJMJ-FM in Ottawa.
On December 27, 2020, as part of a mass format reorganization by Bell Media, CFJR rebranded as Move 104.9. While the station would run jockless for the first week of the format, on-air staff would return on January 4, 2021.
On February 8, 2024, Bell announced a restructuring that included the sale of 45 of its 103 radio stations to seven buyers, subject to approval by the CRTC, including the sale of CFJR to My Broadcasting Corporation. On February 26, 2025, the CRTC approved an application by My Broadcasting Corporation to acquire the station from Bell Media.
# Gudō Toshoku

Gudō Toshoku (1577–1661) was a Japanese Rinzai school zen monk from the early Tokugawa period.

## Biography

He was a leading figure in the Ōtōkan lineage of the Myōshin-ji, where he led a reform movement to revitalize the practice of Rinzai. He served three times as abbot of Myōshin-ji. Among his leading disciples was Shidō Bunan (Munan)(1603–1676), the teacher of Shoju Rojin (Dokyu Etan)(1642–1721), who in turn was the principal teacher of Hakuin Ekaku (1685–1768). The illustrious Zen preacher Bankei Yōtaku earlier in life wanted to meet Gudō and receive confirmation of enlightenment, but narrowly missed seeing him at his Daisen-ji temple in Mino province (today's Gifu prefecture) because the master was visiting up in Edo (Tokyo). Gudō received the posthumous title Daien Hôkan Kokushi (national teacher). He left no written words.

## Teachings

Gudō Toshoku left few written records or sayings. The best-known is a conversation with the Emperor:
   Go-Yozei: “It is my understanding that according to the teachings of Zen this very mind, just as it is, is Buddha. Is that correct?”
   “If I agree with what you say,” Gudo responded, “your majesty will believe you understand without actually doing so. However, if I deny what you say, I will be denying something well known to all.” “Then tell me,” the retired emperor persisted, “a man who comes to enlightenment—what happens to him after he dies?” “I don’t know,” Gudo admitted. “You don’t know? Aren’t you an enlightened teacher?” “I am. But not a dead one,” Gudo pointed out.
   The emperor was stymied for a moment, unsure how to proceed. Just before he started to speak again, Gudo brought his hand down hard on the wooden floor and the sound brought the emperor to awakening.
In late life, he said:
   After all these years of journeying about, here I am knocking at the gates of Zen. I have to laugh. My staff is broken; my umbrella torn. And the teaching of the Buddha is so simple: when hungry, eat; when thirsty, drink; when cold, wrap yourself in a good warm cloak.
Just before dying, he wrote
   My task is done. Now those who follow me must work for the benefit of all humankind.
# Liujiang District

Liujiang District (simplified Chinese: 柳江区; traditional Chinese: 柳江區; pinyin: Liǔjiāng Qū; Standard Zhuang: Liujgyangh Gih) is under the administration of Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, located on the southwest bank of the Liu River. It covers a land area of 2,504 square kilometres (967 sq mi) and had a population of 562,351 as of 2010. The southernmost county-level division of Liuzhou City, it lies south of Liuzhou's city proper, bordering the prefecture-level cities of Laibin to the south and Hechi to the northwest.

## Administrative divisions

Liujiang consists of 8 towns:
Labao (拉堡镇), Baipeng (百朋镇), Chengtuan (成团镇), Sandu (三都镇), Ligao (里高镇), Jiangde (进德镇), Chuanshan (穿山镇), Shibo (土博镇)

## Transportation
### Rail

* Guizhou–Guangxi Railway
* Liuzhou-Wuzhou Railway

## Liujiang hominid

These findings might give some support to the claim that modern humans from Africa arrived at southern China about 100,000 years BP (Zhiren Cave, Chongzuo City: 100,000 years BP; and the Liujiang hominid: controversially dated at 139,000–111,000 years BP).

## Climate

Climate data for Liujiang, elevation 134 m (440 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 27.8 (82.0) | 33.2 (91.8) | 34.5 (94.1) | 35.5 (95.9) | 36.4 (97.5) | 36.7 (98.1) | 39 (102) | 38.9 (102.0) | 38.1 (100.6) | 36.3 (97.3) | 33 (91) | 29.9 (85.8) | 39 (102) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.3 (57.7) | 16.7 (62.1) | 19.6 (67.3) | 25.4 (77.7) | 29.5 (85.1) | 31.5 (88.7) | 33.1 (91.6) | 33.4 (92.1) | 31.8 (89.2) | 27.8 (82.0) | 22.9 (73.2) | 17.3 (63.1) | 25.3 (77.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.6 (51.1) | 12.9 (55.2) | 16.0 (60.8) | 21.4 (70.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 27.3 (81.1) | 28.5 (83.3) | 28.6 (83.5) | 26.9 (80.4) | 22.8 (73.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 12.6 (54.7) | 20.9 (69.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) | 10.2 (50.4) | 13.4 (56.1) | 18.4 (65.1) | 22.0 (71.6) | 24.5 (76.1) | 25.3 (77.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 23.3 (73.9) | 19.2 (66.6) | 14.4 (57.9) | 9.5 (49.1) | 17.8 (64.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −0.5 (31.1) | 0.2 (32.4) | 0.9 (33.6) | 7.8 (46.0) | 12.2 (54.0) | 16.5 (61.7) | 19.5 (67.1) | 20.5 (68.9) | 14.8 (58.6) | 8.1 (46.6) | 3.2 (37.8) | −1.6 (29.1) | −1.6 (29.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 63.5 (2.50) | 44.2 (1.74) | 98.7 (3.89) | 129.1 (5.08) | 217.9 (8.58) | 339.0 (13.35) | 212.3 (8.36) | 197.4 (7.77) | 82.9 (3.26) | 57.5 (2.26) | 56.7 (2.23) | 44.6 (1.76) | 1,543.8 (60.78) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 11.6 | 11.7 | 17.1 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 17.7 | 15.4 | 13.6 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 148.9 |
| Average snowy days | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75 | 76 | 80 | 79 | 78 | 82 | 80 | 79 | 74 | 70 | 71 | 70 | 76 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 58.6 | 50.1 | 46.4 | 77.4 | 116.7 | 121.1 | 176.8 | 180.2 | 174.5 | 160.1 | 127.8 | 107.1 | 1,396.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 17 | 16 | 12 | 20 | 28 | 30 | 43 | 45 | 48 | 45 | 39 | 33 | 31 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# Lessivage

Lessivage is a kind of leaching from clay particles being carried down in suspension. The process can lead to the breakdown of peds (the particles that give the soil its characteristic structure).
# Screaming jelly babies

"Screaming Jelly Babies" (British English), also known as "Growling Gummy Bears" (American and Canadian English), is a classroom chemistry demonstration in which a piece of candy bursts loudly into flame when dropped into potassium chlorate. The experiment is practiced in schools around the world and is often used at open evenings to show the more engaging and entertaining aspects of science in secondary education settings.
The experiment shows the amount of energy there is in a piece of candy. Jelly babies or gummy bears are often used for theatrics. Potassium chlorate, a strong oxidising agent, rapidly oxidises the sugar in the candy causing it to burst into flames. The reaction produces a "screaming" sound as rapidly expanding gases are emitted from the test tube. The aroma of caramel is given off. Other carbohydrate or hydrocarbon containing substances can be dropped into test tubes of molten chlorate to produce similar results.

## Net reaction

4 KClO$_{3(s)}$ + C$_{12}$H$_{22}$O$_{11(s)}$ + 6 O$_2$ $_{(g)}$ → 4 KCl + 12 CO$_{2(g)}$ + 11 H$_2$O $_{(g)}$

## Mechanism

The solid potassium chlorate is melted into a liquid.
KClO$_{3(s)}$ + energy → K$^+$ClO$_3$$^−$ $_{(l)}$
The liquid potassium chlorate decomposes into potassium perchlorate and potassium chloride.
4 KClO$_3$ → KCl + 3 KClO$_4$
The potassium perchlorate decomposes into potassium chloride and oxygen.
KClO$_4$ → KCl + 2 O$_2$
The sugar in the candy reacts with oxygen, forming water and carbon dioxide. The reaction is exothermic and produces heat, smoke, and fire.
C$_{12}$H$_{22}$O$_{11(s)}$ + 12 O$_{2(g)}$ → 12 CO$_{2(g)}$ + 11 H$_2$O $_{(g)}$ + energy.

## Safety measures

Care should be taken in performing this experiment, which should only be attempted by a professional. Potassium chlorate is a strong oxidizer and can cause fire or explosions. It is toxic by inhalation or ingestion and is hazardous to aquatic environments. Reagent grade potassium chlorate should be used. Upon completion of the demonstration, all chemicals should be disposed of in designated chemical waste containers to prevent harm to people or the environment.
All participants in the experiment should wear personal protective equipment, including eye protection, and should stand a safe distance away from the demonstration. A face-shield and heat resistant gloves should be worn by the person adding the jelly baby to the molten potassium chlorate.

## Variations

Deviation from the experiment is not recommended, and has been linked with accidents. Candy with low moisture content or high surface area may cause explosions.
# Stellaconus

Stellaconus is a synonym of Conus (Splinoconus) da Motta, 1991: synonym of Conus Linnaeus, 1758. These are sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.

## Species

The following species are alternate representation:
* Stellaconus bayani (Jousseaume, 1872): synonym of Conus bayani Jousseaume, 1872 (alternate representation)
* Stellaconus bondarevi (Röckel & G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1992): synonym of Conus bondarevi Röckel & G. Raybaudi Massilia, 1992 (alternate representation)
* Stellaconus capitanellus (Fulton, 1938): synonym of Conus capitanellus Fulton, 1938 (alternate representation)
* Stellaconus malacanus (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792): synonym of Conus malacanus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (alternate representation)
* Stellaconus sukhadwalai (Röckel & da Motta, 1983): synonym of Conus sukhadwalai Röckel & da Motta, 1983 (alternate representation)
* Stellaconus troendlei (Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008): synonym of Conus troendlei Moolenbeek, Zandbergen & Bouchet, 2008 (alternate representation)
# Taj al-Dawla

Abu'l-Husain Ahmad (Persian: ابوالحسین احمد), better known by his laqab of Taj al-Dawla (Arabic: تاج الدولة،, "Crown of the Dynasty"), was the Buyid ruler of Khuzestan during the 980s. He was the son of 'Adud al-Dawla.

## Biography

Abu'l-Husain was the son of Adud al-Dawla and a daughter of Manadhar, who was a Justanid king. Following 'Adud al-Dawla's death in 983, his possessions were divided between his sons. Samsam al-Dawla, who was the presumed successor of 'Adud al-Dawla, took power, but Sharaf al-Dawla took advantage of his position in Kerman to invade Fars. This invasion provided Abu'l-Husain with the opportunity to set up his rule in Ahvaz, and took the title of Taj al-Dawla.
Taj al-Dawla, as well as another brother, Diya' al-Dawla, who controlled Basra, eventually decided to acknowledge the authority of Fakhr al-Dawla, who ruled in Jibal. This was done in an attempt to protect themselves from the conflict between Samsam al-Dawla and Sharaf al-Dawla. Nevertheless, after a few years Sharaf al-Dawla invaded and occupied Khuzestan and Basra, causing the two princes to flee to Fakhr al-Dawla's territory. There they found refuge in Ray. Neither of the two brothers managed to found any lasting line; consequently their role in Buyid politics was short.
# Al Seiden

Alan Seiden (May 1, 1937 – May 3, 2008) was an American collegiate and professional basketball player. He led St. John's University to the 1959 National Invitation Tournament title and later played professionally with the Pittsburgh Rens of the American Basketball League. Seiden was so highly respected by his peers that it took the NYC Basketball Hall of Fame only five years to induct him (1995).
Seiden was a New York City schoolboy star at Jamaica High School, leading his team to the PSAL title in 1955 as a senior. He chose to stay close to home for college, playing for Hall of Fame coach Joe Lapchick at St. John's University. Seiden became a star at St. John's, leading the Redmen to two straight National Invitation Tournaments in 1958 and 1959. Seiden averaged 20.4 and 21.9 points per game as a junior and senior and ended his Redmen career with 1,374 points. He served as team captain both seasons
He won a gold medal in basketball with Team USA in the 1957 Maccabiah Games, and was the top scorer in the tournament.
In 1959, Seiden led the Redmen to the NIT title as the unseeded 17–9 squad upset the field to win a tournament that was then seen as prestigious as the NCAA tournament. Seiden capped his senior season by being named a consensus second team All-American and won the Haggerty Award as the top player in the New York City metro area.
After his college career ended, Seiden was drafted in the second round of the 1959 NBA draft by the St. Louis Hawks. He failed to make the roster, and played for the next few years in the Eastern Professional Basketball League and in 1961 with the Pittsburgh Rens of the American Basketball League. He would also play semi-professionally and in the summer, notably playing with indicted CCNY point-shaving scandal players Eddie Gard and Jack Molinas, the latter of whom would also be involved with the 1961 NCAA University Division men's basketball gambling scandal as well.
Seiden died on May 3, 2008, of complications from stroke.
In March 2011, he was inducted into the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.
# Prabhudas Sunil Tirkey

Prabhudas Sunil Tirkey was an Indian Lutheran bishop who served as the second bishop of North Western Gossner Evangelical Lutheran Church from 1997 to 2007.
# Fred the Caveman

Fred the Caveman (French-language title Fred des Cavernes) is an animated series about the misadventures of the titular caveman. The show was produced by Antefilms and Tube Studios, and consists of a single season of 13 episodes, or 39 shorts of about 7 minutes each.
It was first shown on Teletoon in Canada on September 2, 2002, with the final episode airing on November 1, 2002. In France, it aired on Télétoon and M6, with the former channel being involved in production as early as 1999.
# Shūji Masutani

Shūji Masutani (益谷秀次; 17 January 1888–18 August 1973) was a Japanese jurist and politician who was a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. He served at the House of Representatives for a long time.

## Biography

Masutani was born in Ushitsu Town, Ishikawa Prefecture, on 17 January 1888. He was a graduate of both the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University.
Masutani joined the Liberal Democratic Party in the 1920s. He was part of the factions led by Shigeru Yoshida and then by Hayato Ikeda. Masutani served as the chairman of the executive board of the party between 1950 and 1952. He was elected to the House of Representatives many times.
Masutani held various posts, including secretary to the president of the board of census, parliamentary vice minister of foreign affairs and construction minister under Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida. In 1951 he was appointed state minister to the cabinet led by Shigeru Yoshida, but he was soon dropped from the office. Between 1955 and 1958 he served as speaker of the House of Representatives. In the period between 1959 and 1960 he was the deputy prime minister, minister of state and director of the administrative management agency in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Nobusuke Kishi. In 1961 he was appointed chairman of the investigative commission on security. He was in office until 1967 when Naka Funada became the chairman of the commission.
In October 1972 Masutani retired from politics and died of heart attack in Noto, Ishikawa Prefecture, on 18 August 1983.
Masutani was the recipient of the Order of the Rising Sun, First Class Grand Cordon, which was awarded to him 1961.
# Cogitatio Press

Cogitatio Press is a Portuguese open access publisher founded in 2014, hosting four scientific peer-reviewed journals, mostly dedicated to the social sciences, in particular to media, politics, social inclusion and urban planning.

## Aims and format

The publisher’s model is based on publishing thematic issues in open access, whose articles are peer-reviewed by specialists in the field and posteriorly accepted or rejected for publication by the Academic Editors of the issue.
The publishers' aim is to disseminate quality research in open access, because it believes that "open-source knowledge generates something more valuable, benefiting researchers, policy-makers and society in general."
Currently, each journal of Cogitatio Press publishes an average of 12 thematic issues per year, each dedicated to a specific topic.

## Journals

Cogitatio has four open access journals. Three of these journals migrated from a previous publisher named Librello. Later on, the publisher launched a fourth journal. Currently hosts four journals:
* Media and Communication
* Ocean and Society
* Politics and Governance
* Social Inclusion
* Urban Planning
All these journals are indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus, two indexing and abstracting databases widely used by the scholarly community.
# List of Israeli films of 2008

A list of films produced by the Israeli film industry in 2008.

## 2008 releases

| Premiere | Premiere | Title | Director | Cast | Genre | Notes |
| F E B | 8 | Lemon Tree (Hebrew: עץ לימון) | Eran Riklis | Hiam Abbass, Ali Suliman | | Israeli-French-German co-production Won the 'Panorama Audience Award' at the Berlin Film Festival (Germany) |
| F E B | 14 | Restless (Hebrew: חסר מנוחה) | Amos Kollek | Moshe Ivgy, Ran Danker, Michael Moshonov | Drama | |
| M A Y | 15 | Waltz with Bashir (Hebrew: ואלס עם באשיר) | Ari Folman | | Animation, Biography, Drama, War | Nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film |
| M A Y | 15 | 7 Days (Hebrew: שבעה, lit. "Seven days of mourning") | Ronit Elkabetz Shlomi Elkabetz | Ronit Elkabetz, Yael Abecassis, Hana Laszlo, Moshe Ivgy, Keren Mor, Alon Aboutboul | Drama, War | |
| J U L | 3 | Lost Islands (Hebrew: איים אבודים) | Reshef Levy | Oshri Cohen, Michael Moshonov, Shmil Ben Ari, Orly Silbersatz Banai, Ofer Shechter | Comedy, Drama | |
| J U L | 16 | Out of the Blue (Hebrew: אצבע אלוהים, lit. "God's finger") | Yigal Bursztyn | Alon Aboutboul, Moshe Ivgy | Comedy, Crime, Drama | |
| A U G | 30 | Adam Resurrected (Hebrew: אדם בן כלב, lit. "Adam, son of a dog") | Paul Schrader | Jeff Goldblum, Willem Dafoe, Derek Jacobi, Ayelet Zurer | Drama, War | Israeli-American-German co-production |
| S E P | 4 | $9.99 | Tatia Rosenthal | | Animation, Drama | Israeli-Australian co-production |
| O C T | 17 | Eli & Ben (Hebrew: איליי ובן) | Ori Ravid | Lior Ashkenazi | Family, Drama | |

## Awards

| Ophir Award This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2010) | Wolgin Award This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2010) |

## Notable deaths

* 1 April – Mosko Alkalai, 77, Israeli actor (Blaumilch Canal, The Fox in the Chicken Coop, Yana's Friends) - respiratory failure. (born 1931)
* 1 April – Shosh Atari, 58, Israeli radio presenter and actress - heart attack. (born 1949)
* 20 April – Nissan Nativ, 86, Israeli director, actor and acting teacher. (born 1922)
# Stripe-cheeked greenbul

The stripe-cheeked greenbul (Arizelocichla milanjensis) is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found in south-eastern Africa. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The stripe-cheeked greenbul was originally described in the genus Xenocichla (a synonym for Bleda), then classified in Andropadus and, in 2010 re-classified to the new genus Arizelocichla. Alternatively, some authorities classify the stripe-cheeked greenbul in the genus Pycnonotus. Some authorities consider the olive-headed greenbul and stripe-faced greenbul to be subspecies of the stripe-cheeked greenbul. Alternate names for the stripe-cheeked greenbul include the Mulanji stripe-cheeked greenbul and stripe-cheeked bulbul.

## Distribution and habitat

The stripe-cheeked greenbul is found in the highlands of south-eastern Malawi (Mount Mulanje), extreme eastern Zimbabwe and west-central Mozambique.
* General range of stripe-cheeked greenbul