OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Unión de Impresores de Filipinas

The Unión de Impresores de Filipinas (UIF, English: Printers' Union of the Philippines) was one of the first national trade union centers in the Philippines, along with the Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina. Established in 1906, it was a national union of all workers in the printing trade intended to consolidate them into a single confederation.

## History

The first labor union in the Philippines called Union de Impresores (UI) was first established in June 1901 by a group of printers. Following the establishment of other similar unions within the printing business after the UI, the UI and these other unions were united as a single group and formed the Union de Impresores de Filipinas (UIF) on either December 30, 1901 or in January 1902 headed by Hermenegildo Cruz.
The UIF was later renamed to Union de Litografos y Impresores de Filipinas (ULIF) and eventually to Unión Democrática de Litógrafos, Impresores, Encuadernadores y Otros Obreros (in Spanish, lit. ''Democratic Union of Lithographers, Printers, Bookbinders and Other Workers'') with Isabelo de los Reyes joining. Not long after its founding, the members reorganized themselves into Unión Obrera Democrática (later Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina) as a trade union federation, with de los Reyes as its first president.
Hermenegildo Cruz is credited with conceiving the idea for a national trade union center as an ultimate solution to the problems labor leaders were encountering in the consolidation of its members. Following the disintegration of the Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina, in 1906, such a union for the printing trade called Unión de Impresores de Filipinas was re-established during a meeting held in Santa Cruz, Manila, this time as a confederation. Felipe Mendoza, a lithographer and Cruz's right-hand man, was elected president. Crisanto Evangelista, a typesetter, was Secretary-general; this was the first occasion Evagelista was associated with the labor movement as a leader. Ciriaco Cruz was indicated as an official, however his position is not mentioned in the records.
In 1918, the UIF had an election and reshuffling of officers. Later on, the UIF became dormant and was quietly dissolved. The UIF was historically considered as a continuation of the Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina.
# George Nelson Coffey

George Nelson Coffey (January 17, 1875 − October 4, 1967) was an American pedologist.
George was born in Patterson, North Carolina; the son of Elijah Coffey and Mary Ann Nelson. He matriculated to the University of North Carolina, where he studied geology and chemistry. From 1899 to 1900, he worked as an assistant in the university's geology laboratory, then graduated cum laude in 1900 with a bachelor's degree in philosophy.
Following his graduation, he went to work as a field assistant for the Bureau of Soils in the Department of Agriculture. He held this position for the next four years, where he was co-author of 13 soil survey reports covering the states of Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, North Carolina, and Ohio. In 1905, he was placed in charge of soil classification and correlation for the Bureau, during which he became aware of the need for a better classification system based on soil properties rather than the geology. This need prompted him to perform graduate studies, and he received an M.S. from George Washington University in 1907, with the Master's thesis The Basis of Soil Classification.
In 1909, he was named President of the American Society of Agronomy, becoming the second president of that recently created institution. During his term he attempted to introduce the ideas of Russian geologist Vasily Dokuchaev to American soil scientists, emphasizing a need to focus more on the properties of soil rather than exclusively studying their geology. He served as chairman of a committee of 15 people tasked with creating a more uniform system of nomenclature and classification for soils in the United States and Canada.
George Coffey was the first person to publish a national soil map of the United States, which appeared in the USDA Bureau of Soils Bulletin 85 in 1912. However, it was not released as an "official" map by the Bureau as it did not conform to the prevailing soil classification concepts of the first Bureau Chief, Milton Whitney. Coffey had resigned from the Bureau in 1911 to join the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, and it would remain for Curtis F. Marbut to bring Dokuchaev's ideas to prominence. Coffey was awarded a Ph.D. in geology from the George Washington University in 1912 with a thesis titled A Study of Soils in the United States.
While at Wooster, Coffey performed studies on erosion in Ohio. The area had been subject to multiple glaciations, which had resulted in impacts to drainage. This led to a lifelong passion for the subject, and he would publish a series of papers regarding drainage. He was also involved in fertilizers trials, particularly with regard to the effects of different soil types. On April 22, 1914, he was married to Clara Estella Kean in Wooster, Ohio. He left Ohio for a position at the University of Illinois, where he became Assistant State Leader for County Farm Advisors. He published his last article in the Journal of the American Society of Agronomy in 1916, leaving soil science for a business career in order to be closer to his family.
# Joaquim Rosich

Joaquim Rosich i Rubiera (1895 – 29 October 1953) was a Spanish water polo player and sports leader who served as the president of the Catalan Swimming Federation on two occasions, from 1923 to 1927, and again from 1933 to 1939. His brother, José Rosich, was also an outstanding sports leader, but in the sport of football.

## Early life

Joaquim Rosich was born in 1895 in Barcelona, as the son of the lawyer and judge Joaquim Rosich i Guardiola (1846–1926), who was mayor of Vila de Gràcia, and Josepa Rubiera i d'Armas (1862–1909), from Nuevitas, Cuba.

## Sporting career

He began his sporting career at CN Barcelona, where he became a swimmer and water polo player, being a member of the club's water polo team that participated at both the 1920 and 1928 Olympic Games. After retiring from swimming, he began working as a judge and timekeeper, and eventually, he became a member of CNB's board of directors, on whose behalf he assumed the presidency of the Catalan Swimming Federation in August 1923 at an assembly held in Sant Feliu de Guíxols, a position that he held for four years, from 1923 to 1927, when he was replaced by Francisco Gibert. Following the sudden death of Tomás Palmada, Rosich was once again named president of the Catalan Federation, and this time he held the position for six years, until 1939, when he was replaced by Antonio Vila Mayans. In September 1937, in the middle of the Spanish Civil War, he was elected as president of the Spanish Swimming Federation in the republican zone, which means that Rosich was the last president of both the Spanish and the Catalan Swimming Federations before the Franco dictatorship. He was later named as an honorary member of the water polo referees' association.
He was also a member of the Hiking Club of Catalonia and a member of the Physical Culture Advisory Committee of the City Council of Barcelona in 1934.

## Death

He married Rosario Riu, and the couple had three children, Juana, Joaquín, and Eulalia. Rosich died in Barcelona on 29 October 1953, at the age of 58.
# Cheiridopsis

Cheiridopsis is a genus that consists of 100 species of flowering succulent perennial plants, native to semi-arid regions in the far west of Namibia and South Africa.

## Description

Most species are clump-forming, a few are shrubby. The leaves are opposite and triangular in section, rarely flattened, the surface more or less velvety, which makes them easy to distinguish from species of the allied genus Argyroderma. Daisy-like flowers open during the day in summer, are borne singly and usually have yellow, rarely purple or red, petals.
The name comes from the Greek "cheiris", meaning "sleeve". Each succeeding pair of leaves differs from the previous one in form, size, and relative unity of the leaves. Those most united wither in the resting period and form a papery sheath covering the succeeding pair of leaves during dormancy in dry, hot summer.

## Distribution

The genus occurs in the far west of South Africa and Namibia. Here it occurs from the Western Cape Province northwards through the Namaqualand, into Namibia.

## Cultivation

The species are mostly adapted to a very arid, winter-rainfall climate. The tender species C. peculiaris requires cultivation under glass in temperate regions.

## Species

| Cheiridopsis acuminata Cheiridopsis alata Cheiridopsis amabilis Cheiridopsis aspera Cheiridopsis aurea Cheiridopsis bifida Cheiridopsis brownii Cheiridopsis bruynsii Cheiridopsis candidissima Cheiridopsis carinata Cheiridopsis caroli Cheiridopsis caroli-schmidtii  Cheiridopsis cigarettifera Cheiridopsis cuminata Cheiridopsis delphinoides Cheiridopsis denticulata Cheiridopsis derenbergiana Cheiridopsis dilatata Cheiridopsis excavata Cheiridopsis gamoepensis Cheiridopsis glomerata Cheiridopsis herrei Cheiridopsis imitans Cheiridopsis marlothii Cheiridopsis meyeri Cheiridopsis minima | Cheiridopsis minor Cheiridopsis namaquensis Cheiridopsis nelii Cheiridopsis pearsonii Cheiridopsis peculiaris Cheiridopsis pillansii Cheiridopsis pilosula Cheiridopsis ponderosa Cheiridopsis pulverulenta Cheiridopsis purpurata Cheiridopsis purpurea Cheiridopsis robusta Cheiridopsis rostrata Cheiridopsis rudis Cheiridopsis schlechteri Cheiridopsis speciosa Cheiridopsis subaequalis Cheiridopsis truncata Cheiridopsis turbinata Cheiridopsis umbrosa Cheiridopsis umdausensis Cheiridopsis vanbredai Cheiridopsis vanzijlii Cheiridopsis velox Cheiridopsis verrucosa |
# Hagerstown Roundhouse Museum

The Hagerstown Roundhouse Museum located at 300 South Burhans Boulevard, Hagerstown, Maryland, USA, has exhibits relating to local railroad history and model railroads.
The Hagerstown Roundhouse Complex was built in 1939. The 25 stall roundhouse and shops were the major facility for maintenance and repairs of locomotives and cars in Western Maryland. The railroads were the largest employers in Washington County for more than 50 years. The Roundhouse facility was demolished on March 13, 1999.
# Oregon State Soldier's Home Hospital

The Oregon State Soldier's Home Hospital, now known as the Umpqua Arts Center, is a former old soldiers' home in Roseburg, Oregon. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Gallery

* Oregon State Soldier's Home Hospital, Roseburg, Oregon, in 1916
* Soldiers' Home, Roseburg, Oregon, around 1910
# Wakefield station (MBTA)

Wakefield station is an MBTA Commuter Rail station in Wakefield, Massachusetts served by the Haverhill Line. The station has two side platforms, which are not accessible, serving the line's two tracks. The station building, constructed in 1889, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 as Wakefield Upper Depot.

## History

The Boston and Maine Railroad built its mainline through South Reading in 1845, primarily through the efforts of Thomas Spaulding, a local businessman. The first station was a wooden structure on the east side of the tracks. A new station building was constructed in 1889; the original depot was relocated and converted to a freight house. By 1893, the town had six stations with as many as 60 trains per day. The building is architecturally distinctive in the town as an example of Panel Brick architecture.
The station building was converted to commercial use by 1968. A fire in one of the businesses inside gutted the structure late on December 17, 1974. The 16-inch (410 mm)-thick brick walls survived the fire; it was rebuilt by 1977, with a pharmaceutical company the first occupant. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 as Wakefield Upper Depot.
Rail service on the inner Haverhill Line was suspended from September 9 to November 5, 2023, to accommodate signal work. Substitute bus service was operated between Reading and Oak Grove, serving all intermediate stops.
The original station building, still extant, is located on North Avenue about 1⁄3 mile (0.54 km) to the south. The former Lynnfield Centre depot from the Newburyport Railroad line, closed in 1959, is located at the north end of the 1889-built station. Wakefield Centre station (Center Depot), another NRHP-listed station, is about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) to the east.
In 2024, the MBTA tested a temporary freestanding accessible platform design at Beverly Depot. These platforms do not require alterations to the existing platforms, thus skirting federal rules requiring full accessibility renovations when stations are modified, and were intended to provide interim accessibility at lower cost pending full reconstruction. Wakefield is planned to be part of the second set of non-accessible stations to be modified with the temporary platforms. Funding for design and construction came from Fair Share Amendment revenues. Design work began in the first half of 2024.
# Evgeni Paladiev

Yevgeny Ivanovich Paladiev Евгений Иванович Паладьев (May 12, 1948 – January 9, 2010) was an ice hockey player who played in the Soviet Hockey League. He was born in Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakh SSR, USSR.
Paladiev played for HC Spartak Moscow and was inducted into the Soviet Hockey Hall of Fame in 1969.

## Career Stats
### International

| Year | Team | Event | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1969 | Soviet Union | WC | 10 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 12 |
| 1970 | Soviet Union | WC | 10 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 1972 | Soviet Union | SS | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1973 | Soviet Union | WC | 8 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
# Hastings Museum

The Hastings Museum of Natural and Cultural History is located in Hastings, Nebraska. It claims to be the largest municipal museum between Chicago and Denver. It is housed in a building funded by the Works Progress Administration and dedicated on June 15, 1939. The museum exhibits include Kool-Aid, natural history dioramas, local history, weapons, life of pioneers on the Plains, rocks, minerals, fossils, antique vehicles, coins, and a planetarium.

## Governance

The Museum is under the jurisdiction of the City of Hastings and all employees are personnel of the Hastings government. The museum is governed by a 7-member board, with each member serving a term of 5 years. The board has the power to adopt rulesand it has control of the Museum funds. The board is responsible to the Mayor and City Council of Hastings, Nebraska. It is also supported by a Foundation to increase awareness and support, which was incorporated in 1985.
The Hastings Museum of Natural and Cultural History displays natural and cultural histories of Hastings, Adams County and the Great Plains of Nebraska. Founded in 1926 by Albert Brooking, it became home to his collection of Native American artifacts, fossils, and mounted birds. Albert Brookings’s bird collection was one of the largest in the United States. Other exhibits include natural history dioramas, an extensive armaments collection, and the history of Edwin Perkins, a local merchant famous for inventing Kool-Aid in 1927. The museum hosts an annual Native American festival. The Hastings Public Library and Adams County Historical Society are both at the museum.
# Bay City station

The Bay City Station of the Pere Marquette Railway, also known as The Depot Building, is a former railroad depot located at 919 Boutell Place in Bay City, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

## History

The Pere Marquette Railway was established in 1863, and ran its first line between Flint and Saginaw. They extended the line to Ludington, and then looked to extend further into the Saginaw Valley. Meanwhile, investors in Bay City had formed the Bay City and East Saginaw Railroad Company to lay a separate line. Seeing the potential, the Pere Marquette purchased the Bay City and East Saginaw line in 1867. The first train pulled into Bay City on November 23, 1867.
By 1899, the Pere Marquette had merged with other railways and was the largest in Michigan. They built several new passenger and freight depots over the next few years. That includes this depot, which opened in 1904, and was designed by Saginaw architect William T. Cooper.
The building remained in use for both passenger and freight service until about 1951, after which it was abandoned. In 1953, the Depot was renovated for use by the Greyhound Bus Company, who removed the tower above the roofline, as well as the porte cochere. The bus company vacated the building in 1969, and it remained vacant until 2003. At that time, the Great Lakes Center Foundation purchased the Depot and began plans to restore it. Restoration work got underway in 2007, and the tower and porte cohere were replaced. Tenants moved in the following year.

## Description

The Depot Building is a rectangular, two-story, red brick building with limestone trim. It measures 24 feet by 88 feet. The depot sits on a random ashlar base, and has a low-pitched hipped roof with extended eaves. Windows and doors are in rounded arch openings, and dormers pierce the roof. The main facade, which once faced the tracks, is asymmetrical with an entry bay containing a rounded arch door on the first floor and four one-over-one double-hung windows on the second. additional doors and windows and a three-sided bay are on the first floor. Above is a limestone bandcourse separating the first and second floors, and pairs of one-over-one double-hung windows are on the second floor.
# Apollo insurance covers

The Apollo insurance covers are autographed postal covers signed by the astronaut crews prior to their mission. The primary motivation behind this action was the refusal of life insurance companies to provide coverage for the astronauts. Consequently, the astronauts devised a strategy involving the signing of hundreds of postal covers. These were to be left behind for their families, who could then sell them in the event of the astronauts' deaths. The insurance covers began with Apollo 11 and ended with Apollo 16.

## Background

The ability of astronauts to obtain much life insurance was limited, so they signed hundreds of postal covers before they left, on the presumption that they would become highly valuable in the event of their death. The crew would designate a trusted ally with the covers who would then have them cancelled at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) post office on the day of launch and/or on the day of the lunar landing.
Apollo 11 insurance covers normally fetch the highest prices because it was the first lunar landing mission.
There are three varieties of the Apollo 11 covers, four of Apollo 12, two of Apollo 13, two of Apollo 14, one of Apollo 15, and one of Apollo 16. Some astronauts also left behind single signed covers for their families.
The two producers of the mission covers were The Manned Spacecraft Center Stamp Club in Houston, Texas (the MSCSC Covers) and a friend of the astronauts, Al Bishop (the "Bishop Covers"). Especially in the case of the MSCSC Covers, there are many of the exact covers that the stamp collectors also obtained through the club. These were also crew signed, but many after the mission, which makes them not an insurance cover. The essence of a true insurance cover is the fact that it was signed while in quarantine prior to launch and that it was one of those that were left behind for the crew families in the event of disaster. In order to be certain that a cover is a genuine insurance cover, it must originate from one of the crew members or their families. Ideally, the reverse of the cover should be certified by one of the crew.
* Buzz Aldrin's Apollo 11 insurance cover, postmarked July 20, 1969, and signed by Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin
* Alan Bean's Apollo 12 insurance cover, postmarked November 14, 1969, and signed by Charles Conrad, Richard Gordon, and Alan Bean
* John Young's Apollo 16 insurance cover, postmarked April 16, 1972, and signed by John Young, Ken Mattingly, and Charlie Duke
# WR postcode area

The WR postcode area, also known as the Worcester postcode area, is a group of fifteen postcode districts in England, within seven post towns. These cover central and southern Worcestershire (including Worcester, Broadway, Droitwich, Evesham, Malvern, Pershore and Tenbury Wells), plus very small parts of Herefordshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire and Gloucestershire.

## Coverage

The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
| Postcode district | Post town | Coverage | Local authority area(s) |
| WR1 | WORCESTER | Worcester | Worcester |
| WR2 | WORCESTER | Powick, Hallow | Worcester, Malvern Hills |
| WR3 | WORCESTER | Fernhill Heath, Claines | Worcester, Wychavon |
| WR4 | WORCESTER | Warndon, Long Meadow | Worcester, Wychavon |
| WR5 | WORCESTER | Kempsey, Broomhall | Worcester, Wychavon, Malvern Hills |
| WR6 | WORCESTER | Martley, Clifton on Teme, Abberley | Malvern Hills, Wyre Forest, Herefordshire |
| WR7 | WORCESTER | Inkberrow, Crowle, Upton Snodsbury | Wychavon |
| WR8 | WORCESTER | Upton upon Severn, Hanley Castle, Hanley Swan | Malvern Hills, Wychavon |
| WR9 | DROITWICH | Droitwich, Ombersley, Wychbold, Rushock | Wychavon, Wyre Forest |
| WR10 | PERSHORE | Pershore, Eckington, Drakes Broughton | Wychavon |
| WR11 | BROADWAY | | non-geographic |
| WR11 | EVESHAM | Evesham, Harvington, Badsey, Sedgeberrow, Ashton under Hill | Wychavon, Stratford-on-Avon, Tewkesbury, Cotswold |
| WR12 | BROADWAY | Broadway, Willersey, Childswickham | Wychavon, Tewkesbury, Cotswold |
| WR13 | MALVERN | Colwall, Cradley, Welland | Malvern Hills, Herefordshire, Forest of Dean |
| WR14 | MALVERN | Malvern, Upper Welland | Malvern Hills, Herefordshire |
| WR15 | TENBURY WELLS | Tenbury Wells, Burford, Newnham Bridge, Bockleton | Malvern Hills, Wyre Forest, Shropshire, Herefordshire |
| WR78 | WORCESTER | Kays Ltd | non-geographic |
| WR99 | WORCESTER | Kays Ltd | non-geographic |
# Annapoorna (film)

Annapoorna (pronunciation) is a 1964 Indian Kannada language film directed by Aaroor Pattabhi and produced by actress Pandari Bai. Besides Pandari Bai herself in the title role, the film starred K. S. Ashwath, Mynavathi and Balakrishna in other main roles. Popular star Kalyan Kumar made a brief appearance in the first half of the film while Rajkumar makes an entry after one and a half hour into the movie. He appeared in the role of a lawyer for the first time on-screen. Chi. Udayashankar became full-fledged lyricist for the first time by writing all the songs of this movie. The movie is a remake of Pandari Bai's 1959 Tamil film Aval Yaar which had not performed well at the box-office.

## Cast

* K. S. Ashwath as Shivashankar
* Pandari Bai as Annapoorna
* Mynavathi as Ashadevi
* Balakrishna as Kailas
* Ganapathi Bhat
* B. Ramadevi
* K. M. Rathnakar
* Rajkumar as Krishna
* Kalyan Kumar as Mohan Ram (cameo)
* R. Nagendra Rao in a guest appearance
* Ravikala as (Baby Ravikala) as Krishna
* Music Director Vijaya Bhaskar (credited as Bhaskar) as Shashikanth singing "Kannadave Taynudiyu" and '"Hrudayaveene Nudiye Taane" in the voice of P. B. Srinivas

## Soundtrack

The music of the film was composed by Rajan–Nagendra, with lyrics for the soundtrack written by Chi. Udaya Shankar.

### Track list

| # | Title | Singer(s) |
| 1 | "Kannadave Thaynudiyu" | P. B. Sreenivas |
| 2 | "Hrudayada Veene" | P. B. Sreenivas |
| 3 | "Anda Chendada Hoove" | P. Leela, T. R. Jayadev |
| 4 | "Cheluvina Siriye" | A. L. Raghavan |
| 5 | "Krishna Bidu Bidu Kopava" | S. Janaki |