OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Padma Devender Reddy

Padma Devender Reddy (born 6 January 1969) is an Indian politician who was the 1st Deputy Speaker of Telangana Legislative Assembly from 12 June 2014 to 16 January 2019 and Member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly from Medak constituency from 2 June 2014 to 3 December 2023. She belongs to the Bharat Rashtra Samithi. She is a former MLA from Ramayampet assembly constituency. She regularly appears on political debates on Television and is known for good oratory skills.

## Early life

Padma Devender Reddy was born in KammarkhanPeta, Karimnagar, Telangana, India. She did her schooling at Vaniniketan Paatashaala, Karimnagar and did her BA and LLB.

## Career

She was a practising advocate in the Ranga Reddy district court and Andhra Pradesh High Court before entering active politics. She actively participated in the Telangana movement and entered politics after the TRS was formed in 2001.

### Political career

Padma Devender Reddy joined at the inception in April 2001. She was elected as ZPTC Member from Ramayampet to Medak Zilla Parishad in 2001 local body elections and served as floor leader of the TRS party. After the formation of TRS party, she won with a large margin of 12,000 votes.
She was an MLA from 2004–09 from the same constituency. She lost the election in 2009 general elections.
She was suspended from the TRS party in 2009 and contested as a rebel. She joined TRS again in 2010. She won again as MLA in 2014 General elections from Medak assembly constituency defeating actress, Vijayashanti.

### Deputy Speaker

On 12 June 2014, Padma Devender Reddy was elected unanimously as Deputy Speaker of the Telangana State Legislative Assembly, becoming the First Deputy Speaker in the newly created state of Telangana.
# Eye Manor

Eye Manor is a Carolean manor house in Eye, Herefordshire, England. It dates from the late 17th century and was built for Ferdinando Gorges. Noted for its interior plasterwork, the house is a Grade I listed building.

## History

Ferdinando Gorges (c.1565-1647) was an English soldier whose establishment of the Province of Maine saw him called the "Father of English Colonization in North America". His descendant, also Ferdinando, bought the Eye estate in 1673 and began building the house shortly thereafter. A datestone above the main doorway carries a date of 1680. Coats of arms within the house carry the insignia of Gorges and of his wife, Meliora Gorges, née Hilliard. Gorges' son, Henry sat as a member of parliament for Herefordshire in the early 18th century.
In the 20th century, Eye Manor was the home of the publisher Christopher Sandford, who owned the Golden Cockerel Press, and his wife Lettice Sandford. Their son Jeremy Sandford, the writer and director of the television drama Cathy Come Home, grew up at the house. Following his death in 2003, the manor was sold.
In 2009, the house was bought by the Conservative politician Robert Jenrick for £1.1 million. In April 2020, during the coronavirus pandemic, Jenrick, then serving as the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government, became the subject of media interest when he visited the house, and his parents' home in Shrewsbury, in apparent contravention of the government's advice against non-essential travel.

## Architecture and description

Eye Manor is noted for the quality of its interior decoration, which Pevsner and Brooks describe as "an astonishing surprise" within an exterior "as noncommittal as a black double-breasted overcoat". The house is built of red brick to a traditional double-pile plan. Later additions include the doric porch which dates from the 18th century, and some minor modification undertaken in the early 20th century. It is of two storeys, with cellars and attics.
The plain exterior conceals the embellished interior which has "gorgeously enriched" panelling, bolection moulded stone fireplaces and "outstanding" plaster ceilings. The quality and style of the plasterwork in the house bears similarities to that at Holyrood Palace which led Geoffrey Beard, a historian of English decorative arts, to suggest that the same craftsmen may have been involved.
Eye Manor is a Grade I listed building.
# Matt Richtel

Matt Richtel (born October 2, 1966 in Los Angeles) is an American writer and journalist for The New York Times. He was awarded the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting for a series on distracted driving.

## Education

Richtel obtained a bachelor's degree from the University of California at Berkeley and an MS from the Columbia School of Journalism.

## Career

He is the author of A Deadly Wandering, a New York Times-bestselling nonfiction narrative that intertwines the story of a car crash caused by a texting driver with a study of the science of attention. It was named one of the best books of 2014 by The Christian Science Monitor, San Francisco Chronicle, and Amazon, among others.
Richtel also writes fiction and has authored several mystery/thrillers, including Dead on Arrival (William Morrow, 2017), called by the New York Times Book Review "An intellectual thrill ride that tucks searing social critique into the Trojan horse of a save-the-world page-turner." He also wrote Doomsday Equation (2015), The Cloud, and Devil's Plaything. His first book, called Hooked, is about a reporter whose life is turned upside down when he escapes a cafe explosion after a stranger hands him a note in his dead fiancée's handwriting warning him to leave.
He co-created and formerly wrote the syndicated comic Rudy Park under the pen name Theron Heir. Since 2012, the strip is now written by its longtime illustrator Darrin Bell.
In 2010, Richtel wrote, and was interviewed, about the impact on the human brain of living with "a deluge of data" from digital devices. In the interview, he previewed his current investigation into the idea that "[t]here is some thought that the way kids' brains ... and frontal lobes ... are developing" differently from those of their parents and others of older generations. He said he expected to publish his work on this subject in early December.
His most recent book released in March 2019, titled An Elegant Defense, follows the story of four individuals in a complex narrative that demonstrates the function of the immune system.

## Personal life

Richtel lives in Boulder, Colorado with his wife, son and daughter.
# Baruch

Baruch may refer to:

## People

* Baruch (given name), a given name of Hebrew origin
* Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), Dutch philosopher
* Baruch (surname)

## Other uses

* Book of Baruch, also called 1 Baruch, a deuterocanonical book of the Bible
* 2 Baruch, also called the Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch
* 3 Baruch, also called the Greek Apocalypse of Baruch
* 4 Baruch, also known as the Paraleipomena of Jeremiah
* Baruch College, part of the City University of New York system, named after Bernard Baruch
* Baruch Plan, a proposed U.S. atomic energy plan following World War II by Bernard Baruch
# Discocharopa

Discocharopa is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Charopidae.

## Species

The World Register of Marine Species accepts the following species within Discocharopa:
* Discocharopa aperta (Möllendorff, 1888)
* Discocharopa concentrivolva J. Stanisic, 2010
* Discocharopa expandivolva J. Stanisic, 2010
* Discocharopa pexa (J. C. Cox, 1868)
* Discocharopa planulata Solem, 1959
* Discocharopa stenomphala J. Stanisic, 2010
* Discocharopa werneri Solem, 1957
# Widonids

The Widonids, also called Guidonids, or Lambertiner, after their leading names, were an Italian family of Frankish origin prominent in the ninth century. They were descended from Guy of Nantes, whose origins were Austrasian. They were an aggressive dynasty, expanding their base of power into the Papal States, ever loyal to the Empire and never the Papacy. They were related to the Carolingians in the female line and one even made a claim to the throne of France on that basis. The Widonids and the Rorgonids competed for control of the Breton March through much of the ninth century.
The first member of the family to attain prominence was Lambert's son Guy I, who was made duke of Spoleto by the Emperor Lothair I in 842. He was active in Lotharingia and Italy, even marrying a local Lombard woman, Itta (or Itana), the daughter of Sico of Benevento. His descendants continued to rule Spoleto until 897.
The most famous Guidoni were Guy III and his son Lambert II. Both became kings of Italy and emperors. Guy IV of Spoleto also became Duke of Benevento. One member, Fulk the Venerable, was even archbishop of Rheims, assisting Guy III in making a claim on the French crown.

## Explanatory notes

* ↑ French: Widonides; German: Guidonen or Widonen; Italian: Guideschi or Guidoni
# Israel Martínez (football manager)

Israel "Isra" Martínez Prieto (born 25 June 1990) is a Spanish football manager.

## Career

Born in Avilés, Martínez got a degree in Physical Activity and Sports Science and during the summer of 2016, he joined the coaching structure of Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa, occupying several different positions – including the director of the youth academy. During the 2019–20 season, he was named manager of the Juvenil A squad of Cultu in the Liga Nacional Juvenil, and achieved promotion to the División de Honor Juvenil with the side.
On 26 April 2021, Martínez was appointed manager of Cultural's reserve team Júpiter Leonés, following the appointment of Ramón González in the first team. On 26 April 2023, after two years in charge of the reserve side, he took over the first team on a deal until the end of the season; he replaced sacked Eduardo Docampo. On his senior managerial debut four days later, his side drew 1–1 at home to RC Celta Fortuna.
On 31 May 2023, Martínez resigned as first team manager of Cultural, ending his seven-year stay at the club. On 24 June, he was appointed at the helm of Deportivo Alavés' C-team in Tercera Federación on a contract for the 2023–24 campaign. On 26 November 2024, Martínez was sacked by Alavés C and Germán Beltrán replaced him.

## Managerial statistics

    As of 23 November 2024
Managerial record by team and tenure :
| Team | Nat | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Ref |
| Team | Nat | From | To | G | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % | Ref |
| Júpiter Leonés | | 26 April 2021 | 26 April 2023 | 66 | 24 | 19 | 23 | 82 | 75 | +7 | 036.36 | |
| Cultural Leonesa | | 26 April 2023 | 31 May 2023 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | +0 | 040.00 | |
| Alavés C | | 24 June 2023 | 26 November 2024 | 46 | 12 | 12 | 22 | 41 | 60 | −19 | 026.09 | |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 117 | 38 | 32 | 47 | 128 | 140 | −12 | 032.48 | — |
# Oscar Segurado

Oscar Segurado is a medical researcher and academician. He holds a tenured professorship of Immunology at the University of León, Spain. Segurado has conducted research in the domains of Rheumatology and Immunology. His scientific work focuses on Rheumatoid arthritis.

## Education

He received his Ph.D. from the University of Wuerzburg, Germany, and his MD from the University of Salamanca, Spain.

## Career

Segurado served as an associate professor at the Faculties of Medicine in the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany, and Complutense University of Madrid, Spain, and was later awarded tenure professorship at University of León. He has published papers focusing on Gene therapy (ASC, AveXis, UCLA Ventures, UniQure, and Symvivo), immuno-oncology (Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bellicum, and Jazz), immuno-therapy (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Macrogenics, and TriSalus), genomics (Freenome, Myriad) and protein/cell diagnostics (Abbott, BD, and Crescendo), predominantly focused on Oncology, Hematology, and Autoimmunity, including personalized medicine, molecular and cellular biomarkers.

## Selected publications

* Lee, Y.C.; Hackett, J.; Frits, M.; Iannaccone, C.K.; Shadick, N.A.; Weinblatt, M.E.; Segurado, O.G.; Sasso, E.H. (2016). "Multibiomarker disease activity score and C-reactive protein in a cross-sectional observational study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis with and without concomitant fibromyalgia". Rheumatology. 55 (4): 640–648. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev388. PMC 4795537. PMID 26608972.
* Davies, A.; Cifaldi, M.A.; Segurado, O.G.; Weisman, M.H. (2009). "Cost-effectiveness of sequential therapy with tumor necrosis factor antagonists in early rheumatoid arthritis". The Journal of Rheumatology. 36 (1): 16–26. doi:10.3899/jrheum.080257. PMID 19012363. S2CID 40436997.
* Pincus, P.; Amara, I.; Segurado, O.G.; Bergman, M.; Koch, G.G. (2008). "Relative efficiencies of physician/assessor global estimates and patient questionnaire measures are similar to or greater than joint counts to distinguish adalimumab from control treatments in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials". The Journal of Rheumatology. 4 (2): 109–116. doi:10.1586/17434440.4.2.109. PMID 17359217. S2CID 1027814.
* Weinblatt, E. C.; Furst, D. E.; Kavanaugh, A.F.; Chartash, E. K.; Segurado, O. G. (2006). "Long-term efficacy and safety of adalimumab plus methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: ARMADA 4-year comprehensive study". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 65 (6): 753–759. doi:10.1136/ard.2005.044404. PMC 1798163. PMID 16308341.
* Schendel, D.J.; Gansbacher, B.; Oberneder, R.; Kriegmair, M.; Hofstetter, A.; Riethmüller, G.; Segurado, O.G. (1993). "Tumor-specific lysis of human renal cell carcinomas by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. I. HLA-A2-restricted recognition of autologous and allogeneic tumor lines". The Journal of Immunology. 151 (8): 4209–4220. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.151.8.4209. PMID 8409397. S2CID 25708001.

## Books

* Mindful Framing: Transform Your Anxiety Into Vital Energy (2018)
# Chorale cantata

A chorale cantata is a church cantata based on a chorale—in this context a Lutheran chorale. It is principally from the German Baroque era. The organizing principle is the words and music of a Lutheran hymn. Usually a chorale cantata includes multiple movements or parts. Most chorale cantatas were written between approximately 1650 and 1750. By far the most famous are by Johann Sebastian Bach, especially the cantatas composed in his second annual cycle of cantatas, started in Leipzig in 1724.

## Description

The chorale cantata developed out of the chorale concerto, an earlier form much used by Samuel Scheidt in the early 17th century, which incorporated elements of the Venetian School, such as the concertato style, into the liturgical music of the Protestant Reformation. Later the chorale cantata developed into three general forms:
* a form in which each verse (strophe) of the chorale was developed as an independent movement;
* a form in which the chorale appeared in some of the movements, perhaps only two, while the other parts of the cantata used other texts; and
* the version pioneered by J. S. Bach, in which the first and last movements use the first and last strophes of the chorale, but the inner movements—perhaps aria and recitative—use paraphrases of the chorale text. Typically the beginning and ending movements use all the instrumental and vocal forces, while the interior movements are for smaller groups.
Most compositions in this genre were never published. It was common at the time for composers to write for local performances; often the composer and the music director at a church were the same person, and the music was written, copied and performed in short order, remaining in manuscript. Some 95% of all compositions of this type have been lost.

## Composers

Composers of chorale cantatas include:

### Baroque

* Samuel Scheidt
* Johann Andreas Herbst
* Johann Erasmus Kindermann
* Franz Tunder
* Nicolaus Bruhns
* Dieterich Buxtehude
* Johann Krieger
* Sebastian Knüpfer
* Johann Schelle
* Johann Pachelbel, e.g. his sacred concerto Christ lag in Todesbanden, P 60, with one movement for each of the "Christ lag in Todesbanden" hymn's seven stanzas.
* Johann Rosenmüller
* Johannes Crüger
* Joachim Gerstenbüttel
* Georg Bronner
* Christoph Graupner
* Johann Kuhnau
* Georg Philipp Telemann
* Johann Sebastian Bach

### Post-Baroque

* Felix Mendelssohn (Verleih uns Frieden, Vom Himmel hoch)
* Arnold Mendelssohn
* Max Reger
# Berlin key

The Berlin key (also known as, German, Schließzwangschlüssel, or, in English, forced-locking key) is a key for a type of door lock. It was designed to force people to close and lock their doors, usually a main entrance door or gate leading into a common yard or tenement block. The key was a solution to the problem of access via communal doors of such blocks (Mietskaserne) as early as the 19th century.
The system was invented by the Berlin locksmith Johannes Schweiger and mass produced by Albert Kerfin & Co, starting in 1912. It has become less common with the advent of modern locking technologies, but as of 2005, it was estimated that 8000–10000 were still in use in Berlin.

## Mechanism

A Berlin key has two key blades, one at each end of the key, rather than the usual single blade. The lock has two modes of operation that can be selected using a master key. This is usually done by the building caretaker. At night, the door can be unlocked, and only releases the key after it has been locked again. During the day, the door cannot be locked using the normal key.
The night mode works as follows:
* Unlock the door from the outside
* Push the key through the lock, so that the key protrudes from the inside of the door
* Open the door and enter
* Close the door and lock the door with the key
* Take the key from the lock

## Representations

The key is subject of the essay The Berlin Key by science and technology studies professor Bruno Latour. According to Latour, this technical object is a decisive agent that can mediate the relationship between the tenants, users, and visitors of a building. He also proposed that the key performs a "program of action" or a "script", which is "Please bolt the door behind you during the night and never during the day". This indicates two meanings for the term hardware in terms of the key as a mechanism — a door lock and information processor.
Another interpretation noted that the key reveals two social dichotomies as it draws the line between guarded and unguarded resources as well as between inhabitants and strangers. The Berlin key was also used to reference the Berlin Wall when it opened in 1989.
# Northern

Northern may refer to the following:

## Geography

* North, a point in direction
* Northern Europe, the northern part or region of Europe
* Northern Highland, a region of Wisconsin, United States
* Northern Province, Sri Lanka
* Northern Range, a range of hills in Trinidad
* Northern State (Sudan), one of the 18 wilayat (states) of Sudan

## Schools

* Northern Collegiate Institute and Vocational School (NCIVS), a school in Sarnia, Canada
* Northern Secondary School, Toronto, Canada
* Northern Secondary School (Sturgeon Falls), Ontario, Canada
* Northern University (disambiguation), various institutions
* Northern Guilford High School, a public high school in Greensboro, North Carolina

## Companies

* Arriva Rail North, a former train operating company in northern England
* Chemins de fer du Nord (Northern Railway Company), a former rail transport company in northern France
* Nord-Aviation (Northern Aviation), a former state-owned French aircraft manufacturer.
* Compañía de los Caminos de Hierro del Norte de España (Northern Spain Railway Company), a former rail transport company in northern Spain
* Northern Bank, commercial bank in Northern Ireland
* Northern Foods, based in Leeds, England
* Northern Pictures, an Australian-based television production company
* Northern Rail, a former train operating company in northern England
* Northern Railway of Canada, a defunct railway in Ontario
* Northern Records, a Southern California independent record label
* Northern Store, a food and general merchandise store owned and operated by The North West Company
* Northern Trains, a train operating company in northern England
* Northern Trust, an international financial services company based in Chicago, Illinois

## Transport

* Northern (automobile), an early American car
* Northern line, a part of the London Underground network
* Northern line (Merseyrail), a part of the Merseyrail network
* Northern line (Sri Lanka)
* Northern Line (Sydney)
* Northern Line (Thailand)
* Northern Railway (disambiguation), various railroads
* Northern Explorer, a New Zealand long distance train
* Northern locomotive, a type of (4-8-4) steam locomotive

## Other uses

* Bradford Northern, former name of the Bradford Bulls, a British rugby league football club
* Northern (Australian film genre), a sub-genre of the Australian Western
* Northern (genre), a genre of Western films set in Canada or Alaska
* Northern AFC, an association football club based in Dunedin, New Zealand
* Northern (constituency), various districts
* Northern Hotel, a historic hotel in Billings, Montana
* Northern Hotel (Nevada), a former hotel in Ely, Nevada
* Northern pike, fish often called a "northern"
# New Britain (disambiguation)

New Britain is an island and province in Papua New Guinea.
New Britain may also refer to:

## Places

* New Britain, Connecticut, United States
* New Britain, Pennsylvania, United States
** New Britain station
** New Britain Township, Pennsylvania
* New Britain (Canada), a historical name for Labrador and the shores of Hudson Bay and James Bay

## Music

* New Britain (album), by Whitehouse, 1982
* "New Britain" (tune), the melody associated with "Amazing Grace"

## Other

* New Britain Party, a political party
* New Labour, New Britain, the Labour Party’s slogan in the 1997 general election
# Oleksander Barvinsky

Oleksander Barvinsky (Ukrainian: Олександр Барвiнський) (June 8, 1847 – December 25, 1926) was an important western Ukrainian cultural figure and politician, a founder of the Christian Social Party in western Ukraine. He also was a member of the Austrian parliament, chaired the Shevchenko Scientific Society and held the post of secretary of education and religious affairs of the West Ukrainian National Republic. It was during his chairmanship that the Shevchenko Scientific Society was turned into a well established academy of sciences.

## Biography

Oleksander Barvinsky was born on June 8, 1847, in Shliakhtyntsi, a village near Ternopil in western Ukraine (at the time, part of Austria-Hungary), into the family of a Ukrainian Catholic priest. Like many Western-Ukrainian priestly families Barvinskys were of noble origin and belonged to Jastrzębiec coat of arms.
From 1868 he began teaching at gymnasiums (secondary schools) in western Ukraine until 1888, when he began teaching at Lviv's teacher's seminary and later the theological seminary. Collaborating with Panteleimon Kulish, Barvinsky helped create textbooks for Ukrainian schools, and was largely responsible for the use of Ukrainian orthography and for the term of Ruthenian-Ukrainian within the schools in eastern Galicia.
In 1890, Barvinsky was one of the initiators of the "New Era" policy among Ukrainian political leaders, calling for rapprochement between Poles and Ukrainians. Even after most Ukrainian leaders abandoned this approach by 1894, Barvinsky along with Anatole Vakhnianyn refused to reconsider their positions and together with him formed the political party "Catholic Ruthenian-Social Union". A prominent community organizer and Ukrainophile activist, in 1891 he was elected to the Austrian parliament in Vienna, where he served until 1907. From 1894 until 1904 he was a member of the local Galician Diet. In 1917 Barvinsky became a member of the Austrian upper chamber (House of Lords). When Austria-Hungary fell apart following the First World War, Barvinsky became the minister of education and religious affairs of the West Ukrainian National Republic, retiring from political life after the Poles captured the capital of Lviv.

## Personal life

Before 1880, he married the pianist, choral director and soprano Yevheniya Barvinska (1854–1913) and they raised six children, Olga Bachynska (1874–1955), Bogdan Barvinsky (1880–1958), Roman (1881–1947), Olena Savchuk (1883–1962), Vasyl Barvinsky (1888–1963) and Alexander Barvinsky (1889–1957).