OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tajrid al-I'tiqad

Tajrīd al-iʿtiqād (عربی: تجرید الاعتقاد) or Tajrid al-Kalam is a work by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi about Shia beliefs in Islamic theology. Tajrīd is the most famous scholastic text in Shiite theology and most effective work in history of apologetic written by Nasir al-Dīn Ṭūsī.

## Author

Ṭusi, was a celebrated polymath and vizier, whose prominent work was on topics in literary, theological and scientific disciplines. Ṭūsī (d. 672/1274) was admired by scholars in spheres such as Kalam and philosophy. He wrote nearly 274 essays on different subjects. His theological works is along with criticism of precedents such as Talkhis Al Mohassal or guidebooks in Arabic and Persian language for the sake of learning.

## Title

There are different opinions on the title of the work. Agha Bozorg sees the name of the book as Tahrir with reference to Tusi's expressions in its introduction. Agha Bozorg views the composite name of Tajrid Al Kalam fi Tahrir Al Eteghad as the title in his writings. Some people know Tahrir as a false record of Tajrid.
There are many other references to the book by titles such as Tajrid al-'aqa'id, and Tajrid Al Kalam. Some, like Taftazani, express doubts on attributing the book to Nasi Al Din because of the inconsistencies between Sharhe esharat and Tajrid. Instead someone such as Sabzevari didn’t accept such a hesitation. According to Gharamaleki he couldn’t count Taftazani's reason as sufficient for not attributing the book to Tusi, since these inconsistencies could be ascribed to evolution in Tusi's thinking. Tusi wrote the book after reverting to the Twelvers sect, rather than during his time as an Ismaili patriot.

## Sections

The Tajrīd has six sections or maqāṣid dealing with the following matters: (a) general ontology, (b) substance and accident, (c) metaphysics or ilāhīyāt, (e) prophecy, (f) the Imamate, (g) resurrection or al-maʿād.

## Commentaries

Ṭūsī's work has enjoyed the attention of commentators and glossators. The first was by his student al-Allama al-Hilli (d. 1325 CE), others are by Shams al-din Iṣfahānī (d. 1348), Al-Sharif al-Jurjani (d. 1414) and Ali Qushji (d. 1474). The commentaries were circulated widely in India.

## Translations

Theology Abstracted, An Arabic critical edition and English translation of Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī's Tajrid al-Iʿtiqād by Dr Sayyid Amjad H. Shah Naqavi (London: The Shīʿah Institute Press, 2025). ISBN: 9781917761000 (hardback).
# Aleksandar Jović

Aleksandar Jović (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Јовић; born 13 April 1972) is a Serbian professional football manager and former player who is the manager of Hungarian team Haladás.

## Honours

Hapoel Haifa
* Israeli Championship: 1998–99
Ferencváros
* Hungarian Championship: 2003–04
* Hungarian Cup: 2002–03, 2003–04
# Caity Mattinson

Caity Mattinson (born 17 May 1996) is a Scottish rugby union player who plays as a scrum half for Gloucester-Hartpury. After initially playing England she went on to represent Scotland at the Rugby World Cup and Commonwealth Games.

## Early life

Mattinson was born in Inverness, Scotland but was brought up in Northumberland in England from the age of three-years-old.

## Career

She played her club rugby for Worcester Warriors prior to joining Gloucester-Hartpury in November 2023.

## International career
### England International

After developing through the rugby system in England she made her international debut for England in 2017.

### Scotland International

Following a change in the international regulations Mattinson was able to make her debut for Scotland in February 2022. Mattinson was selected to play for Scotland at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in rugby sevens. She was also selected for the COVID-delayed 2021 Rugby World Cup held in October 2022. In December 2022 she was awarded a professional contract by Scottish Rugby.
# Goldene Kamera

The Goldene Kamera ("Golden Camera") is an annual German film and television award, awarded by the Funke Mediengruppe. The award show was usually held in early February in Hamburg, but also took place in Berlin on occasion. It has been paused since 2019, after dropping the traditional award categories some time earlier.

## History

The award was first presented in 1966 as a strictly German television award. Since 1987, it has also been awarded to international stars. In 1995, the categories expanded to pop groups and to more public interest categories.
In 2019, a Climate Action Award was given to Greta Thunberg.
In September 2019, Funke Mediengruppe announced the end of the traditional award for 2020. Due to a change in media consumption preferences of their audience in the course of digitization, the manager of Funke's magazine division said that the group would instead focus on digital content like the YouTube Goldene Kamera Digital Award. The YouTube Goldene Kamera Digital Awards were held from 2017 until 2020.
The final main Goldene Kamera awards ceremony was planned to be awarded on 21 March 2020 with Thomas Gottschalk as presenter. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the event in March 2020 was cancelled. It was rescheduled initially for 12 November 2020, and later again to an unspecified date.

### Traditional awards categories

* Best National Actor/Actress
* Best International Actor/Actress
* Best National TV Movie
* Best National TV Show
* Best Newcomer Actor/Actress

### YouTube Digital Awards categories

In 2020, the YouTube Goldene Kamera Digital Awards comprised the following categories:
* Best of Information
* Special Award International
* Best of Entertainment
* Special Award National
* Best Newcomer
* Best of Education & Coaching
* Best Brand Channel

## Description

The Goldene Kamera was awarded by the Funke Mediengruppe. The award show was usually held in early February in Hamburg, but had also taken place in Berlin in the past.
The gold-plated silver award model was created by Berlin artist Wolfram Beck. It is 25 cm (9.8 in) high and weighs around 900 grams (2.0 lb).
# Coolgardie Miner

The Coolgardie Miner (18 April 1894 – 16 June 1911) was a weekly newspaper established in Coolgardie, Western Australia, at a time when Coolgardie was the prominent town in the goldfields region of Western Australia.
The subsequent publication with the same title (1 March 1913 – 29 December 1917) was published in a time when Kalgoorlie was dominating the goldfields, and Coolgardie's decline as centre had set in.
The third newspaper with this name was published in 1935, ceasing in 1957 when it was merged with the Great Eastern News, which ceased publication in 1958.

## History
### Founding

The paper was founded by William Edward "Billy" Clare with assistance from Edwin Greenslade Murphy, who, as "Dryblower", contributed a weekly gossip column.
Cartoonist Ben Strange joined the newspaper in 1894.
An early editor was George Williams, previously mining reporter for the Melbourne Argus.
Frederick Vosper was editor some time before April 1895.
Alfred Thomas Chandler was editor from 1896 to 1905.
Don Cameron was printer around 1895 to 1900.
C. A. MacFarlane was editor in 1905.
Harry Kneebone was editor in 1907, and still in the position when publication ceased in 1911.

### Relaunched 1913

On 1 March 1913 a new newspaper appeared with the same title, the proprietors being named as A. McIntyre and W. L. Michell. It was published weekly on Saturdays and was printed from an office on Bayley Street in Coolgardie.

### Relaunched 1935

The Coolgardie Miner was relaunched as a weekly newspaper published on Fridays. It was initially printed by United Press. In 1957 it was merged into the Great Eastern News and printed by Country Newspapers in Perth, for distribution to Coolgardie.

## Availability

Issues (1894–1917) of this newspaper have been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program, a project of the National Library of Australia in cooperation with the State Library of Western Australia.
Hard copy and microfilm copies of the Coolgardie Miner are also available at the State Library of Western Australia.
# Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets

The Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets (Dutch: Autoriteit Financiële Markten) is the financial services regulatory authority for the Netherlands. Its role is comparable to the role of the SEC in the United States.

## History

The Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets (AFM) was set up on 1 March 2002 as the successor to the Securities Board of the Netherlands (Dutch: Stichting Toezicht Effectenverkeer or STE, itself established in 1989). As part of the legislation that created the AFM, its responsibilities were greatly expanded to cover all financial products, including savings, investments, loans, insurance and accounting.
The AFM falls under the political responsibility of the Minister of Finance but is an autonomous administrative authority, which means that the AFM operates autonomously based on the powers given by the Minister of Finance.

## Responsibilities and operations

The Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets is the body responsible for regulating behaviour on the financial markets in the Netherlands. This includes regulating the behaviour of all parties involved with the savings, loans, investment and insurance markets. It includes regulating all organisations that provide financial products and those that issue products, including stock exchanges.
The AFM has the following three aims:
* making the financial markets more accessible
* promoting the smooth operation of the financial markets
* promoting confidence in the financial markets.
The public, the business sector and the government all depend on the financial products offered on the various markets for many of their activities. Confidence in the orderly and honest operation of these markets is therefore crucial.
The AFM works in conjunction with the De Nederlandsche Bank which is responsible for prudential regulation in the Netherlands.

## Administration

The executive board of the AFM consists of:
* Laura van Geest (chair, since February 2020)
* Hanzo van Beusekom (since September 2018)
* Jos Heuvelman (since September 2018)
Linda Sas is COO since 1 May 2021.

## International

With the advent of Euronext stock exchange which is not only located in Amsterdam, but also in Paris, Brussels, London and Lisbon, the AFM works closely with the regulators in those other countries to regulate this cross border stock exchange.
The AFM is a member of the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA). ESMA is an independent EU Authority that contributes to safeguarding the stability of the European Union's financial system by enhancing the protection of investors and promoting stable and orderly financial markets. The AFM also participates in the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), which brings together more than 80 securities regulators from all around the world. In its role as an audit supervisor, AFM is also a member of the International Forum of Independent Audit Regulators (IFIAR).
# Tolman Award

The Tolman Medal is awarded each year by the Southern California Section of the American Chemical Society (SCALACS) for outstanding contributions to chemistry which include contributions in areas of fundamental studies, chemical technology, and significant contributions to chemical education or outstanding leadership in science on a national level. To be eligible for the Medal, the recipient must have accomplished the majority of his or her work while resident in Southern California.
The Medal is named for physicist and chemist Richard C. Tolman.

## Recipients

Source: SCALACS
* 1960 William Gould Young
* 1961 Anton Burg
* 1962 Ernest H. Swift
* 1963 W. Conway Pierce
* 1964 Arie J. Haagen-Smit
* 1965 Thomas F. Doumani, Union Oil Company
* 1966 Arthur Adamson, USC
* 1967 Ulric B. Bray, Bray Oil Company
* 1968 Francis E. Blacet, UCLA
* 1969 Robert D. Vold, USC
* 1970 Robert L. Pecsok, UCLA
* 1971 Roland C. Hansford, Union Oil Company
* 1972 James Bonner, Caltech
* 1973 Howard Reiss, UCLA
* 1974 John D. Roberts, Caltech
* 1975 Dr. Corwin Hansch, Pomona College
* 1976 F. Sherwood Rowland, U. C. Irvine
* 1977 Sidney W. Benson, USC
* 1978 Thomas C. Bruice, UCSB
* 1979 Harry B. Gray, Caltech
* 1980 Herbert D. Kaesz, UCLA
* 1981 Paul D. Boyer, UCLA
* 1982 Donald T. Sawyer, UCR
* 1983 James N. Pitts, Air Pollution Research Center, UCR
* 1984 Donald J. Cram, UCLA
* 1985 Arnold O. Beckman, Beckman Instruments, Inc.
* 1986 M. Frederick Hawthorne, UCLA
* 1987 Clifford A. Bunton, UC, Santa Barbara
* 1988 John D. Baldeschwieler, Caltech
* 1989 Mostafa El-Sayed, UCLA
* 1990 Linus Pauling, Caltech
* 1991 George Olah, USC
* 1992 Peter C. Ford, UC Santa Barbara
* 1993 Charles L. Wilkins, UC Riverside
* 1994 Jacqueline K. Barton, Caltech
* 1995 Christopher S. Foote, UCLA
* 1996 Larry R. Dalton, USC
* 1997 Ahmed H. Zewail, Caltech
* 1998 Kendall N. Houk, UCLA
* 1999 Peter B. Dervan, Caltech
* 2000 Dr. William Andrew Goddard III, Caltech
* 2001 Peter M. Rentzepis, UC Irvine
* 2002 Robert H. Grubbs, Caltech
* 2003 Arieh Warshel, USC
* 2004 Christopher Reed, UC Riverside
* 2005 Fred Wudl, UCLA
* 2006 G. K. Surya Prakash, USC Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute
* 2007 Barbara Finlayson-Pitts, UC Irvine
* 2008 Joan S. Valentine, UCLA
* 2009 Richard B. Kaner, UCLA
* 2010 Dennis A. Dougherty, Caltech
* 2011 Karl O. Christe, USC
* 2012 John Bercaw, Caltech
* 2013 Mark E. Thompson, USC
* 2014 William J. Evans, UC Irvine
* 2015 Michael Jung, UCLA
* 2016 Paul S. Weiss, UCLA
* 2017 Jeffrey I. Zink, UCLA
* 2018 Clifford P. Kubiak, UC San Diego
* 2019 A. S. Borovik, UCI
* 2020 Pingyun Feng, UCR
* 2021 Donald R. Blake, UCI
* 2022 Alison Butler, UCSB
* 2023 Sarah H. Tolbert, UCLA
# Régis Wargnier

Régis Wargnier (French:; born 18 April 1948) is a French film director, film producer, screenwriter and film score composer. His 1992 film Indochine won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 65th Academy Awards. His 1995 A French Woman was entered into the 19th Moscow International Film Festival where he won the Silver St. George for the Direction.

## Filmography
### Director

* 1986 : La Femme de ma vie starring Jane Birkin
* 1988 : Sueurs froides (television series)
* 1989 : Je suis le seigneur du château starring Dominique Blanc
* 1992 : Indochine starring Catherine Deneuve
* 1995 : Une femme française starring Emmanuelle Béart
* 1995 : Lumière et compagnie, collection of short films in cooperation with other international directors
* 1999 : Est-Ouest starring Sandrine Bonnaire
* 2003 : Cœurs d'Athlètes starring Haile Gebrselassie
* 2005 : Man to Man starring Joseph Fiennes and Kristin Scott Thomas
* 2007 : Pars vite et reviens tard starring José Garcia, Lucas Belvaux and Marie Gillain
* 2011 : La Ligne droite starring Rachida Brakni and Cyril Descours
* 2014 : The Gate starring Raphaël Personnaz and Olivier Gourmet
* 2025: La réparation (謎宴) starring Julia de Nunez, Clovis Cornillac, J.C. Lin and Julien de Saint Jean

### Assistant director

* 1973 : La Femme en bleu
* 1974 : Nada
* 1978 : Mon premier amour
* 1979 : L'École est finie
* 1980 : La Banquière
* 1981 : Viens chez moi, j'habite chez une copine
* 1982 : Le Grand Patron
* 1982 : Le Grand Frère
* 1984 : Le Bon Plaisir
* 1984 : Souvenirs, souvenirs

### Screenwriter

* 1986 : La Femme de ma vie avec Jane Birkin
* 1989 : Je suis le seigneur du château avec Dominique Blanc
* 1992 : Indochine avec Catherine Deneuve
* 1992 : L'échange
* 1995 : Une femme française
* 1999 : Est-Ouest
* 2005 : Man to man
* 2007 : Pars vite et reviens tard
* 2014 : The Gate

### Actor

* 1973 : La Femme en bleu
* 1984 : Souvenirs, souvenirs
* 2002 : Femme fatale

### Composer

* 2002 : Femme fatale

### Special effects

* 2001 : Who is Bernard Tapie

### Producer

* 1983 : Heller Wahn
* 1983 : La palombière
# HMS Rapidol

HMS Rapidol was a Belgol-class tanker created by William Gray & Company at Hartlepool. It was a support tanker as part of the British Pacific fleet. It was launched on 23 April 1917 and scrapped on 3 October 1955 at Hong Kong by Chip Hua.
# PEETHA

PEETHA or Peoples Empowerment - Enabling Transparency and Enhancing Accountability in Odisha Initiatives, is a scheme led by the government of Odisha, India. This scheme is introduced to pass information about government schemes to rural people in Odisha.

## About

This scheme is a sub-scheme of Ama Gaon Ama Bikas Yojana. This is part of the 3T initiative of Technology, Transparency and Team Work model of Odisha government. The aim of the scheme is to organize camps each month between the dates 15–20 at every panchayat and let the people know about the different government schemes and obtain the scheme's benefits.
In the panchayat camps other benefits will also be provided. Some of them are AMA LED (free LED distribution scheme), Mision Shakti, social security assistance like Madhu Babu Pension Yojana and the Nirman Yojana artist pension. Every month, the best panchyat in each block will be awarded with 500,000 rupees for organizing this scheme.
# José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia

José María Martín de Herrera y de la Iglesia (26 August 1835 in Aldeadávila de la Ribera, Spain – 8 December 1922 in Santiago de Compostela, Spain) was a long-serving cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church in the early years of the twentieth century. Unusually, he served as archbishop of dioceses in more than one different country, being both archbishop of Santiago de Cuba and of Santiago de Compostela during his career in the Church.
Ordained in September 1859, José María Martín quickly showed his ability in theology and canon law. However, rather than become a theology professor he spent the following seventeen years in pastoral work before he was chosen as an Archbishop of Santiago de Cuba (in those days given to someone from Spain) at the relatively young age of forty (at the same time he was in the running to become Auditor of the Roman Rota).
Although he was aided by several other prominent Spaniards in administering his Cuban diocese, José María Martín was eventually returned to Spain in the more prestigious role of Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela in 1889. He was elevated to Cardinal by Pope Leo XIII in 1897 and participated in the 1903 and 1914 papal conclaves. However, by the time of the 1922 conclave Cardinal Martín was much too old to travel to Rome and thus he excused himself from participating. He died in December of that year.
# IG

IG, Ig, or ig may refer to:

## Companies

* IG Farben, a former German industrial conglomerate
* IG Group, a UK financial services company
* IG Recordings, a record label formed by the Indigo Girls, an American folk/rock duo
* Production I.G, a Japanese anime company
* Impressions Games, a defunct United States gaming company
* Internet Group, stylized as "iG", a Brazilian internet service provider
* Invictus Games (company), a Hungarian video game developer
* Air Italy (2018–2020) (former IATA code: IG), a former Italian airline

## Games

* Imperial Guard (Warhammer 40,000), from the tabletop strategy game Warhammer 40,000
* Imperium Galactica, a 1997 PC CD-ROM game by Hungary-based Digital Reality
* Insomniac Games, an independent video game developer
* Invictus Gaming, a Chinese professional E-sports team
* Invictus Games, Paralympic sporting event
* Invictus Games (company), Hungarian video game developer

## Government

* Inspector General, a high-ranking official
* Inspector General of Police
* Inspector General of Prisons

## Places

* Ig, Slovenia
* IG postcode area, a group of postcode districts around Ilford, England

## Science and technology

* Immunoglobulin, also known as antibody, a protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses
* Imperial gallon (ig), an Imperial unit of volume defined as 4.54609 litres (1.20095 US gal)
* Insulated glazing, double or triple glass window panes separated by an air or other gas-filled space to reduce heat transfer
* Integrated graphics, the term for a graphics processor that is integrated into the mainboard

## Other uses

* Ig Nobel Prize, a parody of the Nobel Prize (ignoble)
* Igbo language, the official language of Nigeria, by ISO 639-1 language code
* Information governance, the management of information at an organisation
* Inscriptiones Graecae (IG), a collection of ancient Greek sources
* The IG-series, a series of combat droids in the Star Wars universe
* Instagram, a social media application
* Investment-grade bond or debt
* Island Games, international sports tournament
* Italian Greyhound, a breed of dog
* Injustice Guild, the villainous counterpart to the Justice Guild of America
# Yuvah

Yuvah (variously Yuva) is a 2009 Kannada action film starring Kartik Shetty and Madhu Sharma. It was directed by K Narendra Babu.

## Cast

* Kartik Shetty as Jeevan Prakash
* Madhu Sharma as Sridevi
* Gulshan Grover as "Anna"
* Lal as Dhoni
* Chandrasekar as Venky
* Ramesh Bhat as Jeevan Prakash's father
* Shobaraj as Police officer
* Jai Jagadish
* Ashok Rao
* Ruthu
* Bullet Prakash

## Reception
### Critical response

R G Vijayasarathy of Rediff.com scored the film at 2.5 out of 5 stars and says "Actually Babu should have concentrated more in getting good performnces [sic] from his lead actors. Karrthick is good in fights, but he is deficient in many critical sequences of the film. Madhu Sharma could have added little more meat to her role. Bollywood actor Gulshan Grover, Malayalam actor Manoj K Jayan and Kannada actor Shobharaj are quite effective in their roles. Ramesh Bhat and the film's younger villain Chandrashekhar have done well too. All in all, Yuvah is a good action film minus a good story". A critic from The New Indian Express wrote "The more he tries to keep away from the dark underworld, the more it pursues him. The story gets tied together with how Karthik manages to teach the antisocial elements a lesson and also gets united with the love of his life. Yuva is a worthwhile watch if actionpacked love stories interest you". A critic from Bangalore Mirror wrote "The director also loses grip on the narration in the first half. Lack of attention to detail is also evident as in the case of an engineering college lecturer teaching from an income tax text book. But Yuvah despite all the drawbacks is a decent effort and is worth a watch". A critic from IANS wrote that "Yuvah is technically sound but the lack of a good, original storyline and average performances from lead artists are a let down. But action film lovers will enjoy the film". A critic from The Times of India wrote that "Director K Narendra Babu has done a good job with this action-packed story with excellent narration, controlled script and sensible placement of sequences".
# Sveinung Aarnseth

Sveinung Aarnseth (15 May 1933 – 9 March 2019) was a Norwegian footballer and dentist. Aarnseth began his football career as a forward, but was later converted to central defender. He most notably played for SFK Lyn from 1960 to 1968, where he played a total of 113 matches, scoring 18 goals in the top division of the Norwegian league. As a member of Lyn, he won the Norwegian league twice (1964 and 1968), and the Norwegian Cup twice (1967 and 1968). He also won five international caps for Norway, making his debut against Sweden in September 1964.
Aarnseth also played briefly for VVV-Venlo in 1957, playing seven games in the Eredivisie and is believed to be the first-ever Norwegian in the top level of Dutch football, while simultaneously finishing his education in dentistry. He worked 40 years as a dentist at Lysaker and also resided in Bærum.