# High Ground (2020 film)

High Ground is a 2020 Australian film directed by Stephen Maxwell Johnson, based on historical events that took place in Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia, set just after World War I. It has variously been called a revisionist Western and meat pie Western. However, it tells of a true historical event in a fictionalised manner but with very close attention to and respect for Aboriginal culture.
The film premiered at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival on 23 February 2020, with the Australian premiere at the Brisbane International Film Festival later that year, and theatrical release in Australia on 28 January 2021.

## Plot

After fighting in World War I as a sniper, Travis, now a policeman in northern Australia, loses control of an operation that results in the massacre of a group of Yolngu people in Arnhem Land in 1919. After his superiors insist on burying the truth, Travis leaves in disgust, only to be forced back twelve years later to hunt down Baywara, an Aboriginal warrior whose attacks on new settlers are causing havoc. When Travis recruits mission-raised Gutjuk, the only known massacre survivor, as his tracker, the truth of the past is revealed and Travis becomes the hunted.

## Cast

* Jacob Junior Nayinggul as Gutjuk
* Simon Baker as Travis
* Callan Mulvey as Eddy
* Jack Thompson as Moran
* Caren Pistorius as Claire
* Ryan Corr as Braddock
* Aaron Pedersen as Walter
* Sean Mununggurr as Baywara
* Witiyana Marika as Grandfather Darrpa
* Esmerelda Marimowa as Gulwirri
* Maximillian Johnson as Bruce
* David McMahon as Court

## Themes

The film includes the depiction of a fictionalised version of a real historical massacre known as the Gan Gan massacre that occurred in 1911, when over 30 men, women and children were killed by police and settlers.
Although described as a Western, revisionist Western or "meat pie western" in many sources, Johnson prefers the term "Northern", because it is a fictionalised retelling of a true story, and the film respectfully and meticulously documents Aboriginal culture, in close consultation with the Yolngu people, upon whose history it is based. Johnson said "We really feel it's a film that immerses the audience in a time and place and that perhaps hasn't happened in this way before", and producer Witiyana Marika called it a "northern action thriller". Johnson also said "There's a thriller aspect to it. It's not a Western, it's a Northern".
The story is based on a multitude of real-life past events, most of which are still in the living memory of people who were consulted in the making of the film. Johnson and his team strove to make it a balanced film – he uses the Yolngu language word makarrata – in order to convey the story as a missed opportunity, where mistakes were made by both settler and Indigenous people, who were all flawed human beings. He describes it as a "deeply human story".
   At the heart of High Ground is the tragic story of Frontier encounters and the missed opportunity between two cultures, black and white... Faced with the myth of terra nullius, the aim with the film is to create a new mythology and present a different perspective on how this country was made. It explores the themes of identity and culture and the attempts that were made to preserve and progress culture in the face of an overwhelming threat. High Ground is a story with mythic proportions with complexity and no easy answers... But above all it is a story about the finding of one's roots. My aim has been to entertain and immerse an audience in an environment teeming with unexpected threats, and to take them on a ride through an aspect of our history that is under-represented and hopefully encourage them to rethink the Australian story.

## Production

The film was shot on location in the Kakadu National Park and in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia. Some was shot near Gunbalanya, which probably inspired the mission.
The film was a High Ground Pictures production. It was financed by Screen Australia, Maxo Studios, Screen Territory, Film Victoria, Bunya Productions and Savage Films.
Director Stephen Johnson's friend Witiyana Marika served as co-producer and senior cultural adviser, and also played the part of Grandfather Dharrpa, while another good friend, Chris Anastassiades, who had also collaborated on Yolngu Boy, wrote the screenplay. Although the story was set in Bininj country in West Arnhem Land, while the 26 clans of Yolngu people live in East Arnhem Land, the film was cast from across Arnhem Land and includes people drawn from the many peoples of the land.

## Release

The film premiered at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival on 23 February 2020 with a gala screening, and was selected for the Berlinale Special section. The film was originally slated for release in Australia on 9 July 2020; this was later changed to early 2021, until a further announcement on 1 October 2020 revealed the Brisbane International Film Festival would host the Australian premiere. It was also shown in the Adelaide Film Festival from 17 October, with several extra sessions added to the original schedule.
The film was released theatrically in Australia on 28 January 2021 by Madman Films.

## Reception

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, High Ground holds an approval rating of 89% based on 38 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "A gripping action story as well as sobering commentary on colonialism, High Ground is a vividly engrossing attempt to grapple with Australian history."
The Film Critics Circle of Australia named High Ground the Best Australian Film of 2021, and it earned eight AACTA Award nominations.

### Accolades

| Award | Ceremony date | Category | Subject | Result |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Film | David Jowsey | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Film | Witiyana Marika | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Film | Maggie Miles | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Film | Greer Simpkin | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Film | Stephen Maxwell Johnson | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Direction | Stephen Maxwell Johnson | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Original Screenplay | Chris Anastassiades | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Actor | Simon Baker | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Actor | Jacob Junior Nayinggul | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Supporting Actor | Sean Mununggurr | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Supporting Actor | Jack Thompson | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Supporting Actress | Esmerelda Marimowa | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Cinematography | Andrew Commis | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Editing | Jill Bilcock | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Editing | Karryn de Cinque | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Editing | Hayley Miro Browne | Nominated |
| AACTA Awards | 8 December 2021 | Best Costume Design | Erin Roche | Won |

## Footnotes

* ↑ See Makarrata Commission.