# Gallery Car

The Gallery Car is a bilevel rail car, originally created by the Pullman Company as the Pullman Gallery Car. It has had five total different manufacturers since its creation, including Budd, St. Louis Car Company, Amerail, Nippon Sharyo and Canadian Vickers. These double-decker passenger car were built by Pullman-Standard during the 1950s to 1970s for various passenger rail operators in the United States.
The car's upper level was accessed by four sets of stairs in the middle vestibule. A narrow walkway with handrail and middle sections open looking below. Passengers disembarked from stairs from the vestibule on both sides. The original bench seating on the lower level was often upgraded to individual seats during rebuilds by operators. The 8700 series cars feature a control cab; this is not found in the 7600 series cars.

## Design
### Railcar

The Gallery Car is made of the usual stainless steel and is a bilevel, however there is a drop down in the middle to the first floor. This choice was made in particular to allow conductors to make a single pass through the car to collect passenger fares instead of having to go to each floor.
The car height is near the same as a Superliner (16' 2"), being only approximately four inches shorter, at 15' ~10". The height isn't the same across the brands, such as when comparing a Budd to an Amerail.
BNSF have their own versions of Budd's design, with differently designed trucks and differences on the outer body, along with text over the doors such as "BURLINGTON" or "BNSF RAILWAY".
The windows are not the same across the brands either (with designs building on each other):
* The Pullman have short-heighted chamfered windows.
* The Budds/Canadian Vickers shorten them horizontally and round them off.
* The BNSF Budds are a mix of the previous two, not shortened but rounded off.
* The Amerails increase them in size vertically.
* The Nippon Sharyos again increase them in size, making them the largest ones.

### Highliner II

An electric multiple unit (EMU) variant of the railcar has been produced by Nippon Sharyo, of which only Metra and the NICTD South Shore Line own and operate. They operate on overhead wires, and only have cab car variants, with each set containing two.

## History

The Gallery Car was constructed originally by Pullman and Budd in between the 1950s-70's, as 4 different models: The 7006A, 7600, 8700, and the Town Cars. The 8700 Series introduced the cab cars, with CN&W being the first customers for it.
As Pullman went bankrupt, other companies began to manufacture the railcar, those mainly being Amerail and Nippon Sharyo. Nippon Sharyo is currently the only manufacturer left as all of its other manufacturers no longer exist.

## Models

There were four types:
| Model | Operators | Builder | Years | Notes |
| 7006A series | | | built 1950s | |
| 7600 series | C&NW | St. Louis Car Company, Pullman Company | 1956–1961, 1963, 1965–68, 1970 | Built 262 |
| 8700 series | C&NW | Pullman Company | 1960–1961, 1965–1968 | Built 64 |
| Town Train series | Canadian Pacific Railways | Canadian Vickers | 1969 | Manufactured 9 gallery cars used by Canadian Pacific Railway Montreal passenger service and later used by STCUM and AMT and retired 2010. |

## Operators

* AMT - Canadian Vickers-built gallery cars (all retired)
* Amtrak: Acquired twelve cars from the Chicago and North Western Railway in the 1970s; ten coaches and food-service cars. Amtrak converted four of coaches into control cars in 1981–1982. All twelve were off the roster by 1994.$^{:192}$
* Burlington Northern and Santa Fe - acquired the six Transcisco Tours gallery cars and converted them to be used as business cars (BNSF #40–45); two were later converted to track geometry cars.
* Canadian Pacific Railway - Montreal passenger routes and cars transferred to STCUM, and then to AMT (all retired)
* Chicago and North Western - sold cars to Metra and Amtrak
* Foxville and Northern - shortline operator in North Carolina. Owns 7 former VRE cars. Leased to other operations for various events.
* Metra
* WeGo Star - acquired seven Metra gallery cars.
* Southern Pacific - Peninsula Commute, then Caltrain. Operated 46 gallery cars (SP 3700–3745) until 1985. Sold to Tour Alaska in 1986. Colorado Railcar converted four (SP 3734, 3740, 3744, 3745) into "Ultra Dome" cars at Tillamook, Oregon. Six sold to Transcisco Tours (SP 3700–3703; 3707, 3708), subsequently acquired by BNSF.
* Transcisco Tours - acquired six from SP and converted them for tour use (#800532–800537).
* Utah Transit Authority FrontRunner - for parts
* Virginia Railway Express - Operated 50 ex-Metra gallery cars from 2001 until replacement by new Nippon Sharyo gallery cars from 2006 to 2017.
* GO Transit - borrowed both CP Rail and Chicago and North Western cars for trial runs in 1976.
* MARC Train - Acquired 12 Ex-Metra gallery bilevel coaches, often used on the Brunswick Line; replaced by Bombardier MARC IV in early 2015 and returned to Metra.

## Current owners

| Owner | Numbers | Type | Heritage | Year Built | Builder | Disposition |
| Metra | 700–787 790–795 | Coach Coach/Cab | Burlington Route | 1950–65 1965 | Budd | Operating, rebuilt in 1973 700–740, 752, 781, 790–795 sold to MItrain. |
| Metra | 796–815 816–820 7100–7121 | Coach/Cab Coach Coach | Burlington Northern | 1973 1973 1977–78 | Budd | Operating |
| Metra | 6001–6194 | Coach | Metra | 2002–05 | Nippon Sharyo | Operating |
| Metra | 7200–7382 | Coach | Milwaukee Road | 1961–80 | Budd | Operating |
| Metra | 7400–7497 | Coach | Metra | 1996–98 | Amerail | Operating, rebuilt in 2012 |
| Metra | 8200–8238 | Coach/Cab | Milwaukee Road | 1961–74 | Budd | Operating |
| Metra | 8239–8275 | Coach/Cab | RTA | 1978–80 | Budd | Operating – some have been converted to coaches. |
| Metra | 8400–8478 | Coach/Cab | Metra | 1994–98 | Morrison-Knudsen/Amerail | Operating – mainly assigned to the UP lines. |
| Metra | 8501–8608 | Coach/Cab | Metra | 2002–05 | Nippon Sharyo | Operating |
| Metra | 7700–7866 | Coach | Chicago and North Western | 1960–70 | Pullman | Operating; 12 coaches sold to MARC and later reacquired by 2015 |
| Metra | 7600–7613 | Coach | Chicago and North Western | 1955 | St. Louis | Retired – two preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum |
| Metra | 7650–7681 | Coach | Chicago and North Western | 1956 | Pullman | Retired – one preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum |
| Metra | 7867–7871 | Coach | Rock Island | 1970 | Pullman | 7869 now a bike car. Rest retired |
| Metra | 7881–7885 | Coach | Rock Island | 1970 | Pullman | Retired |
| Metra | 7900–7901 | Club Car | Chicago and North Western | 1955 | St. Louis | Retired |
| Metra | 8700–8763 | Coach/Cab | Chicago and North Western | 1960–68 | Pullman | Retired – one preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum 8749 is a bicycle car. |
| VRE | 710–730 | Unspecified | VRE | 2006–08 | Sumitomo/Nippon Sharyo | Operating |
| VRE | 800–819, 850–869, 870–879 | Unspecified | VRE | 2007-09 | Sumitomo/Nippon Sharyo | Operating |
| VRE | 820–848$^†$ | Unspecified | VRE | 2014 | Sumitomo/Nippon Sharyo | Operating |
| WeGo Star | 400-402 | Cab | Metra, CB&Q, RTA, MITrain | Unspecified | Budd, Previous Cars by Pullman | Operating, previous Pullmans retired |
| WeGo Star | 500-503 | Coach | Metra, CB&Q, RTA, MITrain | Unspecified | Budd, Previous Cars by Pullman | Operating, previous Pullmans retired |
| BNSF | 40-45 | Track Inspection | Transcisco Tours | Unspecified | Pullman | Operating |
| Caltrain | 3800-3825 | Trailer-Luggage | Caltrain | 1985 | Nippon Sharyo | Retired |
| Caltrain | 3826-3835 | Trailer-Bike | Caltrain | 1985 | Nippon Sharyo | Retired |
| Caltrain | 3836-3841 | Trailer | Caltrain | 1985 | Nippon Sharyo | Retired |
| Caltrain | 3842-3851 | Trailer | Caltrain | 1986 | Nippon Sharyo | Retired |
| Caltrain | 3852-3865 | Trailer | Caltrain | 2000 | Nippon Sharyo | Retired |
| Caltrain | 4000-4020 | Cab-Bike | Caltrain | 1985 | Nippon Sharyo | Retired |
| Caltrain | 4021-4026 | Cab-Bike | Caltrain | 2000 | Nippon Sharyo | Retired |
† Eight cars ordered in February 2012 with options for 42 more. As of 2018, 21 further cars had been procured from these options.

## EMU current owners

| Owner | Numbers | Type | Heritage | Year Built | Builder | Status |
| Metra | 1201–1226 | MU Coach | Metra | 2005 | Nippon Sharyo | Operating |
| Metra | 1227–1238 | MU Coach | Metra | 2012 | Sumitomo Group | Operating |
| Metra | 1239–1279 | MU Coach | Metra | 2013 | Sumitomo Group | Operating |
| Metra | 1280-1386 | MU Coach | Metra | 2014-2016 | Sumitomo Group | Operating |
| Metra | 1501–1630 | MU Coach | Illinois Central | 1971–1972 | St. Louis | Retired |
| Metra | 1631–1666 | MU Coach | Illinois Central | 1978–1979 | Bombardier | Retired |
| South Shore Line | 301-314 | MU Coach | South Shore Line | 2009 | Nippon Sharyo | Operating |

## Preserved cars

* Three cars, two coaches and a cab car, are preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum. Others serve on heritage railroads like the North Shore Scenic Railroad, which has 3, all of which are in the original C&NW paint scheme. Numerous others survive, but are still in operation on railroads like Metra.
* Ex-Agence metropolitaine de transport gallery cab coach number 901 is on display at the Canadian Railway Museum in Saint-Constant, Quebec.
* The Gold Coast Railroad Museum homes 4 Coaches and 2 Cab Control cars, which are used on their bigger, more popular trains.
* Ex-Metra cab car 8758 is stored at the Pacific Southwest Railway Museum in Campo, California, with CZRY reporting marks.
* The Baja California Railroad also makes use of some gallery cars on the Tijuana-Tecate Tourist Train.

## Future

Eventually this railcar will be phased out. Two large passenger railroads are getting new equipment to phase out the cars, with Metra and Virginia Railway Express purchasing custom Coradia Bi-Levels from Alstom, and Caltrain getting Stadler KISS EMUs from Stadler Rail, to become fully electrified.

## Gallery

* A Metra Train, with the closest two cars being Budd, the second from the rear being Nippon Sharyo, and the rearmost car being Amerail.
* A Caltrain Train, All of them being Nippon Sharyo.
* The Upper Level of a Gallery Car. Usually, there is a Rack in the Dropdown for Baggage.
* Metra Cab Car No. 8473 having its plow cut off after the Clarendon Hills crash.
* Virginia Railway Express #V425. Originally in service with the C&NW