# Nuclear Power Corporation of India

The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) is an Indian public sector undertaking based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is wholly owned by the Government of India and is responsible for the generation of electricity from nuclear power. NPCIL is administered by the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE).
NPCIL was created in September 1987 under the Companies Act 1956, "with the objective of undertaking the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the atomic power stations for generation of electricity in pursuance of the schemes and programmes of the Government of India under the provision of the Atomic Energy Act 1962." All nuclear power plants operated by the company are certified for ISO-14001 (Environment Management System).
NPCIL was the sole body responsible for constructing and operating India's commercial nuclear power plants until the setting up of BHAVINI Vidyut Nigam in October 2003. As of December 2024, the company had 24 nuclear reactors in operation at seven locations, a total installed capacity of 8180 MWe. Subsequent to the government's decision to allow private companies to provide nuclear power, the company has experienced problems with private enterprises "poaching" its employees.

## Nuclear plants
### Operational

| Serial No. | Unit | Location | Type | Capacity (MWe) | Since | Under IAEA safeguards |
| 1 | TAPS-1 | Tarapur, Maharashtra | BWR | 160 | 28 October 1969 | Since 16 October 2009 |
| 2 | TAPS-2 | Tarapur, Maharashtra | BWR | 160 | 28 October 1969 | Since 16 October 2009 |
| 3 | TAPS-3 | Tarapur, Maharashtra | IPHWR-540 | 540 | 18 August 2006 | No |
| 4 | TAPS-4 | Tarapur, Maharashtra | IPHWR-540 | 540 | 15 September 2005 | No |
| 5 | RAPS-2 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | CANDU | 200 | 1 April 1981 | Since 16 October 2009 |
| 6 | RAPS-3 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 1 June 2000 | Since 9 March 2010 |
| 7 | RAPS-4 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 23 December 2000 | Since 9 March 2010 |
| 8 | RAPS-5 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 4 February 2010 | Since 16 October 2009 |
| 9 | RAPS-6 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 31 March 2010 | Since 16 October 2009 |
| 10 | MAPS-1 | Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 27 January 1984 | No |
| 11 | MAPS-2 | Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 21 March 1986 | No |
| 12 | NAPS-1 | Narora, Uttar Pradesh | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 1 January 1991 | Since 12 December 2014 |
| 13 | NAPS-2 | Narora, Uttar Pradesh | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 1 July 1992 | Since 12 December 2014 |
| 14 | KAPS-1 | Kakrapar, Gujarat | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 6 May 1993 | Since 3 December 2010 |
| 15 | KAPS-2 | Kakrapar, Gujarat | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 1 September 1995 | Since 3 December 2010 |
| 16 | KAPS-3 | Kakrapar, Gujarat | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 22 July 2020 | Since 11 September 2017 |
| 17 | KAPS-4 | Kakrapar, Gujarat | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 17 December 2023 | — |
| 18 | KGS-1 | Kaiga, Karnataka | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 6 November 2000 | No |
| 19 | KGS-2 | Kaiga, Karnataka | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 6 May 2000 | No |
| 20 | KGS-3 | Kaiga, Karnataka | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 6 May 2007 | No |
| 21 | KGS-4 | Kaiga, Karnataka | IPHWR-220 | 220 | 27 November 2010 | No |
| 22 | KKNPP-1 | Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu | VVER-1000 | 1000 | 22 October 2013 | Since 16 October 2009 |
| 23 | KKNPP-2 | Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu | VVER-1000 | 1000 | 10 July 2016 | Since 16 October 2009 |
| | Total Capacity | | | 8080 | | |

### Inactive/Shutdown

| Unit | Location | Type | Capacity (MWe) | Operational date | Shutdown date | Notes | Under IAEA safeguards |
| RAPS-1 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | CANDU | 100 | 16 December 1973 | October 2004 | Shutdown, Pending decommissioning | Since 16 October 2009 |

### Under construction

| Serial No. | Unit | Location | Type | Capacity (MWe) | Expected Date | Under IAEA safeguards |
| 1 | RAPS-7 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 2025 | Since 23 December 2019 |
| 2 | RAPS-8 | Rawatbhata, Rajasthan | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 2025 | Since 23 December 2019 |
| 3 | GHAVP-1 | Gorakhpur, Haryana | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 2028 | No |
| 4 | GHAVP-2 | Gorakhpur, Haryana | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 2028 | No |
| 5 | KGS-5 | Kaiga, Karnataka | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 2026 | No |
| 6 | KGS-6 | Kaiga, Karnataka | IPHWR-700 | 700 | 2026 | No |
| 7 | KKNPP-3 | Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu | VVER-1000 | 1000 | 2025 | Since 7 May 2018 |
| 8 | KKNPP-4 | Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu | VVER-1000 | 1000 | 2025 | Since 7 May 2018 |
| 9 | KKNPP-5 | Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu | VVER-1000 | 1000 | 2027 | To be included |
| 10 | KKNPP-6 | Kudankulam, Tamil Nadu | VVER-1000 | 1000 | 2027 | To be included |
| | Total Capacity | | | 8200 | | |

### Proposed

| Power Plant | Type | Capacity (MWe) | Current Status |
| Jaitapur in Maharashtra | EPR | 9900 (6 × 1650 MW) | Techno - commercial offer submitted by EDF in 2020. Construction and progress stalled due to nuclear liability issues. |
| GHAVP-3 and 4 (Gorakhpur, Haryana) | IPHWR-700 | 1400 (2 × 700 MW) | Under - construction. Commercial operations to begin by 2032 |
| Mithi Virdi in Gujarat | LWR | 6000 (6 × 1000 MW) | Project shifted to Kovvada in Andhra Pradesh, due to protest and delay in land acquisition. |
| Kovvada in Andhra Pradesh | LWR | 7248 (6 × 1208 MW) | Project upgraded from 6000 (6 × 1000) MW to 7248 (6 × 1208 MW). In principle approval given in December 2023. |
| Chutka Nuclear Power Plant in Madhya Pradesh | IPHWR-700 | 1400 (2 × 700 MW) | Joint Venture agreement signed between NPCIL and NTPC in May 2023 for the construction of the indigenously built nuclear reactor. Construction to start by mid - 2025 and is anticipated to complete within 4-5 years. |
| Bhimpur, Shivpuri in Madhya Pradesh | IPHWR-700 | 2800 (4 × 700 MW) | There has been no recent progress or updates on the nuclear power plant. |
| Mahi Banswara Rajasthan Atomic Power Project | IPHWR-700 | 2800 (4 × 700 MW) | Joint Venture agreement signed between NPCIL and NTPC in May 2023 for the construction of the indigenously built nuclear reactor. Construction to start by mid - 2025 and is anticipated to complete within 4-5 years. |
| Haripur Nuclear Power Project, West Bengal | VVER-1000 | 6000 (6 ×1000 MW) | In Principle approval given in 2015.The West Bengal state government denied approval for the project, stalling it. |

## Experience

NPCIL has the experience and expertise to safely operate and maintain many types of reactors. They include reactors like IPHWR-220, IPHWR-540, IPHWR-700, BWR-1, VVER 1000 reactors.