OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# EBS2

EBS 2TV is a South Korean free-to-air television channel operated by Educational Broadcasting System. The channel was launched on 11 February 2015 as Korea's first subchannel. The channel specializes primarily on middle school-aged students.

## History

EBS2 was approved on 23 December 2014 and started broadcasting on 11 February 2015. The channel contributes to the fall of the burden in the Korean educational system by reaching middle school targets, while EBS1 remains as a channel for all ages. The channel opened at 3pm that afternoon with a special ceremony at the EBS facilities. Unlike EBS1, commercial advertising is prohibited, except for government campaigns, as the channel operates as a subchannel. The government limited the usage of subchannels to KBS and EBS, but the subscription television industry was worried because of the "terrestrial broadcasting monopoly".
# Sukhjeet Singh

Sukhjeet Singh is an Indian field hockey player. He was part of the Indian team that won the bronze medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics. He is a recipient of the Arjuna Award.

## Early life and background

He was born in Jawandpur village in Taran Taran district. After his father's selection in the Punjab police, the family settled in Jalandhar. His father Ajit Singh was also a field hockey player. He was admitted to the state run hockey academy in Mohali when he was eight years old. Sukhjeet started playing hockey at the age of six. He is selected to be part of the Indian team at the 2024 Summer Olympics where he will make his Olympic debut.

## Career

After short stints with Indian Oil, Sindh Bank, and Punjab Police, he was selected for the Punjab National Bank team in 2017. In 2018, he was selected for the national side, but sustained a back injury which left him unable to join.
He made his debut for the Indian team at the 2022–23 Men's FIH Pro League in India's match against Spain. He scored six goals in the tournament.
He played for India in the 2023 World Cup, scoring three goals in the tournament. He also played in the 2022 Asian Games, where India went on to win the gold medal. He has been selected for the Indian squad in the 2023–24 Men's FIH Pro League.
In June 2024, he got selected for the Indian hockey team that will play in 2024 Paris Olympics in July.
# Otaram Dewasi

Otaram Dewasi (born 10 October 1964) is an Indian politician. He is currently serving as a minister of Panchayati Raj, Rural Development and Disaster Management in Government of Rajasthan since December 2023. He previously served as the minister of Devasthan and Cow Husbandry in Government of Rajasthan from October 2014 to December 2018. He has been elected to the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly for three terms in 2008, 2013 and 2023 from Sirohi, Rajasthan. He is member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.
# Richard Luce (surgeon)

Major General Sir Richard Harman Luce, KCMG, CB, FRCS (13 July 1867 – 21 February 1952) was a British surgeon, British Army officer and politician. During the First World War, he served as the Director of Medical Services of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force. He was elected MP for Derby in 1924.
Luce was for many years the senior surgeon and later the consulting surgeon to the Derbyshire Royal Infirmary. He was educated at Clifton College, from where he went to Christ's College, Cambridge, gaining a first class honours in natural science. As a student at Guy's Hospital in London, he qualified in 1893. He later made his home in Derby.

## Life and career

Luce was born at Halcombe, Malmesbury, the second son of Colonel Charles Richard Luce and Mary Visger, daughter of Harmon Visger. He was the elder brother of Rear Admiral John Luce.
Luce was appointed surgeon-lieutenant in the 1st Volunteer Battalion the Sherwood Foresters, (Derbyshire Regiment), 27 October 1897. While in the Territorial Force Reserve, Army Medical Service, he was appointed to the Honorary Colonelcy of the Royal Army Medical Corps of the Territorial Force in the North Midland Territorial Division, 5 November 1913.
Luce served in the First World War in Egypt, Gallipoli and Palestine, 1914–19 as Assistant Director, Deputy Director and Director of Medical Services and, in 1918–1919, he was made a major general, becoming Director of Medical Services in the Egyptian Expeditionary Force. His war service was illustrious, being mentioned in despatches and he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 3 June 1916, a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1918 and was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1919.
At the Derbyshire Royal Infirmary, Luce built up a reputation as an operating surgeon, where he was active in promoting plans for new building work. He was also a surgeon to the Derbyshire Children's Hospital, as well as Ripley and Wirksworth cottage hospitals.
In 1924, Luce was elected as a Unionist MP for his adopted town of Derby. He was Mayor of Romsey, 1935–37. He wrote books about Malmesbury Abbey and Romsey Abbey. He also published a Paper (RAMC/2031) in the Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps, 1936–1937, on "War experiences of a Territorial Medical Officer (ADMS, 2nd Mounted Division, Egypt, 1915–1919)" with photographs.
Luce retired to Romsey, where he died in February 1952, and was buried in the churchyard of Romsey Abbey. He was described in his obituary as being a man who had "exceptional energy and enthusiasm but was always courteous, modest and kindly in demeanour".
Luce's great-great-niece is actress and comedian Miranda Hart.
# Radio Kawsachun Coca

Radio Kawsachun Coca, also known as RKC and by its English channel name Kawsachun News, is a Bolivian online and radio news network. It was founded on November 7, 2007 by the campesino workers unions and focuses on Latin American politics. It has a pro-socialist editorial line. It has both English and Spanish language channels.

## History

The network was criticized in January 2020 by the former Bolivian Minister of Communication Roxana Lizárraga, who became part of the interim government after Jeanine Áñez declared herself next in line to assume the presidency. Lizárraga accused the Kawsachun news network and several community radio stations of not informing, but broadcasting "seditious voices". Under Lizárraga were with this reasoning many community radio stations shut down, other journalists restricted and a list of seditious journalists created, resulting in attacks on journalists. Lizárraga announced to Kawsachun that the freedom of expression has limits, however she did not also close Kawsachun, the station was in this conflict supported by the Movement Toward Socialism. Kawsachun reported in 2020 a recording in which Evo Morales, who was exiled after the political conflict that resulted in his resignation as President of Bolivia, called for the creation of armed militias. Morales confirmed to Reuters it's his voice and defended his words, saying "if the armed forces are shooting the people, killing the people, the people have the right to organize their security".
# Mara Manzan

Mara Virgínia Manzan (28 May 1952 – 13 November 2009) was a Brazilian actress.

## Biography

Manzan was born in the city of São Paulo in 1952. At the age of 17, she visited the Teatro Oficina and, as she used to say jokingly, never left it. She worked backstage in all sorts of activities, until one day the opportunity arose to replace a sick actress in a play. In the 1970s she married José Marcondes Marques and they had a daughter, Tatiana Manzan Marques, also an actress.
In March 2008, acting as "Amara" in Duas Caras, she learned that she had lung cancer. By that time she already had two-thirds of her lungs affected by a pulmonary emphysema (she was a smoker). Manzan was treated surgically by Dr. Drauzio Varella the following month on 16 April 2008. She had already reportedly undergone a radical hysterectomy due to cancers of the uterus and ovaries.

## Death

Manzan died on 13 November 2009 at the Rios d'Or Hospital of pulmonary failure of a lung cancer that had afflicted her for more than two years.

## Filmography
### Film career

* 1982: Bonecas da Noite
* 2000: De Cara Limpa .... Suzy
* 2003: Herman .... Herself
* 2007: Sambando nas Brasas, Morô? .... Dona Nair
* 2008: Sexo com Amor? .... Dirce

### Television career

* 1994: A Viagem .... Edmeia
* 1996: Salsa e Merengue .... Sexta-feira
* 1998: Hilda Furacão .... Nevita
* 1998: Pecado Capital .... Alzira
* 1998: Você Decide .... Marly
* 1999: Ô Coitado .... Cráudia
* 1999: Terra Nostra .... seamstress dress Giuliana
* 2001: O Clone .... Odete
* 2003: Kubanacan .... Agatha
* 2003: Sítio do Picapau Amarelo .... Tetéia
* 2004: Da Cor do Pecado .... Father Helinho's client
* 2004: Senhora do Destino .... Janice
* 2005: América .... Creuza's mother
* 2006: Cobras & Lagartos .... Marilene
* 2007: Duas Caras .... Amara
* 2009: Caminho das Índias .... Dona Ashima (final appearance)
# Surojit Bose

Surojit Bose (born 19 December 1986) is an Indian footballer from Kolkata who currently plays for Mumbai Tigers. He has previously played for Mahindra United in the I-League, and for Bengal in the Santosh Trophy. Before joining Mahindra United, he played for Tollygunge Agragami and Mohun Bagan. Apart from football, he is a big fan of driving.
# Killing of Diren Dede

On April 27, 2014, 17-year-old Diren Dede, a German-Turkish exchange student from Hamburg, Germany, living in Missoula, Montana, was shot to death by Markus Kaarma.

## Incident

Dede entered Kaarma's garage late at night looking for alcohol; according to prosecutors, Kaarma had deliberately set out to attract and then shoot the burglar after having been the victim of several recent burglaries. In December 2014, Kaarma was convicted of deliberate homicide, a charge that is equivalent to first degree murder in other states. He was sentenced to 70 years in prison and will be eligible for parole after 20 years of incarceration. In February 2017, the Montana Supreme Court upheld Kaarma's conviction. The United States Supreme Court refused to hear an appeal at the federal level as to whether his 6th Amendment rights had been violated and that he had not received an impartial jury.
In July 2019, Missoula County District Judge Ed McLean, who retired shortly after presiding over Kaarma's trial, denied Kaarma's request for a new trial based on ineffective assistance of counsel, writing that Kaarma's attorneys had performed "...within the wide range of professionally competent assistance".

## Background

Montana's castle doctrine law was amended in 2009 allowing the use of deadly force if a homeowner "reasonably believes" an intruder is attempting to harm them. The amendment was sponsored by the U.S.'s biggest gun lobby, the National Rifle Association (NRA). Before the amendment, homeowners could use deadly force only if the invader acted in a violent way.

## Reactions

The case attracted national and international attention, particularly in Germany, Dede's home country. Much of the attention focused on Montana's castle doctrine law, which Kaarma claimed justified his actions. NBC's Dateline television series profiled the incident on an episode that originally aired on April 30, 2015.
In response to the guilty verdict in the Kaarma case, the Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America, a non-profit organization, released the following public statement from its Montana Chapter volunteer Julia Starrett.
   Today justice prevailed over senseless and unnecessary gun violence with the guilty verdict in the Kaarma trial. Seventeen-year-old Diren Dede’s death did not have to happen – and we know that unfortunately, there are laws on the books that embolden people like Mr. Kaarma to shoot first and ask questions later.
# Sardana (name)

Sardana, the surname also being spelled Sardhana, Sadana or Sadanah, is a given name and surname. It may refer to the following people:

## Given name

* Sardana Oyunskaya (1934–2007), Yakut folklorist, literary critic, and philologist
* Sardana Avksentyeva (born 1970), Russian politician of Yakut ethnicity, mayor of Yakutsk (2018–21)
* Sardana Trofimova (born 1988), Russian long distance runner

## Surname

* Archana Sardana (born 1974), Indian BASE jumper
* Brij Sadanah (1933-1990), Indian director
* Jyothika Sadanah (born 1978), Indian actress and producer
* Kamal Sadanah (born 1970), Indian actor, producer and director
* Rohit Sardana (1979-2021), Indian journalist, editor, columnist, anchor and media personality
* Rose Sardana (born 1995), Indian actress and anchor
* Roshini Sadanah (born 1977), Indian actress
* Sharat Sardana (1968–2009), British comedy writer, voice artist and producer
* Shivam Sadana (born 1990), Indian rapper, singer and songwriter
* Sukhmani Sadana (born 1983), Indian actress and anchor
# Portrait of a Man (Van Heemskerck)

Portrait of a Man is an oil painting attributed to the Dutch painter Maarten van Heemskerck. The painting is kept in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts, in Antwerp.

## Painting

The man is depicted half-length, with his arms resting on a table edge, looking at the viewer head-on.
He is dressed in a sober black cloth suit. The man wears a close-fitting jerkin and a high, closed collar. Underneath, a white shirt with a frown collar is visible. The man also wears a beret.
His expression seems serious, but not quite so. The fact that the man is holding, not wearing, his gloves, which are worn when meeting important people and taken off as a gesture of courtesy and respect, enhance the man's friendliness. By holding his gloves, the man shows both respect and that he wants to be respected.
# Apostolic constitution

An apostolic constitution (Latin: constitutio apostolica) is the most solemn form of legislation issued by the Pope.
By their nature, apostolic constitutions are addressed to the public. Generic constitutions use the title apostolic constitution and treat solemn matters of the church, such as the promulgation of laws or definitive teachings. The forms dogmatic constitution and pastoral constitution are titles sometimes used to be more descriptive as to the document's purpose.
Apostolic constitutions are issued as papal bulls because of their solemn, public form. Among types of papal legislation, apostolic letters issued motu proprio are next in solemnity.
# List of Pakistani films of 1954

A list of films produced in Pakistan in 1954 (see 1954 in film) and in the Urdu language:

## 1954

| Title | Director | Cast | Genre | Notes |
| 1954 |||||
| Deewar | | Gulshan Ara, Sudhir, Allauddin | | |
| Gumnaam | Anwar Kamal Pasha | Sabiha Khanum, Sudhir, Ragni, M. Ismael, Asif Jah, Nasreen, Ghulam Mohammad, Himalya Wala | Musical drama | The film was released on March 26, 1954 and had a super-hit film song by Iqbal Bano with music by Master Inayat Hussain. |
| Mujrim | | Gulshan Ara, Yousuf, Allauddin | | |
| Perwaz | | Sabiha Khanum, Yousuf Khan, Asha Posley, Nazar | | Actor Yousuf Khan began his career from this film. |
| Raat Ki Baat | | Sabiha Khanum, Santosh Kumar, Allauddin | | |
| Ruhi | W.Z. Ahmed | Shammi, Santosh Kumar, Hamalia Wala | | This was the first banned film in Pakistan. It had music by Rasheed Attre. |
| Sassi | Daud Chand | Shah Nawaz, Nazar, Asha Posley, Sabiha Khanum, Sudhir | Musical | The film was released on June 3, 1954 and celebrated its Silver Jubilee at the Pakistani cinemas. Music by Ghulam Ahmed Chishti. |
# Kalaburagi–SMVT Bengaluru Vande Bharat Express

The 22231/22232 Kalaburagi (Gulbarga) - SMVT Bengaluru Vande Bharat Express is India's 42nd Vande Bharat Express train, connecting the city of Kalaburagi with the 'silicon valley of India' and capital Bangalore in Karnataka. This express train was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi via video conferencing from Ahmedabad on 12 March 2024.
This train service will be running with an additional halt at Yadgir railway station which was flagged off by Minister of State V. Somanna on 3 August 2024 via video conferencing from Bengaluru DRM Office.

## Overview

This train is operated by Indian Railways, connecting Kalaburagi (Gulbarga) Jn, Yadgir, Raichur Jn, Mantralayam Road, Guntakal Jn, Anantapur, Yelahanka Jn and SMVT Bengaluru. It is currently operated with train numbers 22231/22232 on 6 days a week basis.

## Rakes

It is the fortieth 2nd Generation and twenty-sixth Mini Vande Bharat 2.0 Express train which was designed and manufactured by the Integral Coach Factory at Perambur, Chennai under the Make in India Initiative.

## Service

The 22231/22232 Kalaburagi (Gulbarga) – SMVT Bengaluru Vande Bharat Express operates 6 days a week, covering a distance of 548 km (341 mi) in a travel time of 08 hrs 45 mins with average speed of 63 km/h. The Maximum Permissible Speed (MPS) is 130 km/h (81 mph).
* ↑ Except Thursdays
# Michelle Obama: The Light Podcast

Michelle Obama: The Light Podcast is a podcast hosted by former First Lady of the United States Michelle Obama based on topics in her 2022 book The Light We Carry: Overcoming in Uncertain Times and features conversations held during her live book tour.
The podcast debuted on Audible on March 7, 2023, following the announcement of its launch in February 2023.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Original release date |
| 1 | "Kids Just Want Our Gladness with Hoda Kotb" | 7 March 2023 (2023-03-07) |
| 2 | "We All Have A Light with Tyler Perry" | 14 March 2023 (2023-03-14) |
| 3 | "Telling Myself That I Was Enough with Conan O'Brien" | 21 March 2023 (2023-03-21) |
| 4 | "Decoding Fear with Ellen DeGeneres" | 28 March 2023 (2023-03-28) |
| 5 | "The Power of Small with David Letterman" | 4 April 2023 (2023-04-04) |
| 6 | "Excellence is my Practice with Gayle King" | 11 April 2023 (2023-04-11) |
| 7 | "The Friendship Bubble with Elizabeth Alexander" | 18 April 2023 (2023-04-18) |
| 8 | "Barack is My Home with Oprah Winfrey" | 25 April 2023 (2023-04-25) |
| 9 | "Our Hair is a Portal into Our Souls with Tracee Ellis Ross" | 26 July 2023 (2023-07-26) |
# Scrip issue

In corporate finance, a scrip issue, also known as capitalisation issue or bonus issue, is the process of creating new shares which are given free of charge to existing shareholders. It is a form of secondary issue where a company's cash reserves are converted into new shares and given to existing shareholders, or an issue of additional shares to shareholders in proportion to the shares already held. A scrip issue is usually done when a company does not have sufficient liquidity to pay a cash dividend.
A company declaring a scrip dividend gives the shareholders the option to either receive the dividend in cash or to receive additional shares. This is different than a bonus issue as shareholders do not have a choice with a bonus issue event. Scrip dividends are in some ways similar to DRIPs as they give the shareholders the option to receive the dividend in cash or stock. Unlike DRIPs, however, scrip dividends are exempt from stamp duty and not subject to brokerage / dealing fees, because they are considered a stock issue by the company and not a reinvestment by the shareholder.
The issue is calculated relative to existing holdings. This means that, for example, one new 'scrip' share may be issued for every ten shares currently owned. The company issuing the scrip shares has now expanded the number of shares in existence, but not increased the value of the company. This means that the relative value of each pre-existing share has been reduced slightly.
The investor has the right to sell the new scrip shares in the market. However, the investor must still report the cash value of the scrip dividend on his tax return like a normal cash dividend. This differs from a stock dividend in the United States, where the investor does not pay any tax on receipt of the shares and then only capital gains taxes on the stock dividend until the shares are sold.
# Café para todos

"Café para todos" (coffee for all, or coffee for everyone) is a popular expression in Spain that has the sense of offering the same treatment to all parties involved in an issue in order to please (or displease) everyone equally. It was pronounced for the first time by Manuel Clavero Arévalo, minister between 1977 and 1980, that is, during the Spanish transition to democracy. At this time Spain was going from dictatorship to democracy and one of the great debates about the formation of the new nation was whether to form a centralist or federalist government, since certain regions demanded greater autonomy. The supposedly "neutral" solution was to offer autonomy to all regions.
The configuration of the Spanish territory was inspired by the systems of Germany and Italy. Manuel Clavero was Minister of Regions during the first democratic government of Adolfo Suárez, and in his hand was the design of the new national map. The regions could choose between a full or a limited level of autonomy, but they all have self-government. The expression café para todos has been fixed as a figuration of the current territorial model of Spain.
# Charles Merrett

Colonel Sir Charles Edward Merrett CBE (28 January 1863 – 11 November 1948) was an Australian merchant, agriculturist and political activist.
Merrett was born at South Yarra in Melbourne to civil servant Samuel Headen Merrett and Sarah Ashton, née Baxter. His father died in 1878 and Charles, despite being a graduate from Melbourne Grammar School, was unable to attend university and instead became an office-boy at a merchants' and manufacturer's representation firm in 1880. By 1890 he had risen to become a partner in the business; he would eventually be managing director in 1916. He married Annie Florence Slocombe on 21 April 1891. He joined the St Kilda Rifles in 1880 and transferred to the Victorian Mounted Rifles in 1883, holding the posts of lieutenant and quartermaster (1889) and captain (1892). He later transferred to the Australian Light Horse and was promoted major in 1905; in 1915 he became lieutenant-colonel of the 5th Light Horse Brigade and the oldest serving officer in the Light Horse. Despite his wishes he remained in Australia during World War I and retired from the armed services in 1920 as a colonel.
In 1914, Merrett travelled to the United Kingdom as Captain of the Australian Rifle Team in the Kolapore Match at Bisley. He went on to serve as the Chairman of the National Rifle Association of Australia between 1921 and 1946.
In 1915 Merrett was appointed president of the Royal Agricultural Society of Victoria he would serve a record term of 32 years, retiring in 1947. He was involved in founding the Young Farmers and the Country Women's Association. He was also politically involved, and in 1913 ran for the federal seat of Melbourne Ports for the Liberal Party. His later career tended towards organisational politics but he became disenchanted with the Nationalist Party and instead he and Thomas Ashworth founded the Liberal Union, a breakaway group opposed to Billy Hughes' leadership. Although the Union only operated as a political entity at the 1922 election, when it elected two candidates to the House of Representatives, it continued to endorse Nationalist candidates throughout the 1920s. He would later be involved in the downfall of the Allan-Peacock state government in 1927, forming the short-lived Australian Liberal Party.
Merrett served as a councillor on the City of South Melbourne from 1915 to 1937, and was mayor from 1922 to 1923. He was also the chairman of a number of organisations, including the Canned Fruits Export Control Board, the Big Brother Movement, the New Settlers League, the State Employment Council and the Society for the Protection of Animals. In 1929 he was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire, and he was knighted in 1934. He died at Brighton in 1948.