# Androscoggin County, Maine

Androscoggin County (French: Comté d'Androscoggin) is a county in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 111,139. Its county seat is Auburn and its most populous city is Lewiston.
Androscoggin County comprises the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan statistical area and is partially included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine, Metropolitan New England City and Town Area. It is also a part of the Portland-Lewiston-South Portland, Maine combined statistical area.
Bates College is in the Androscoggin County city of Lewiston.

## History

Demand for a new county emerged when the residents of the rapidly growing town of Lewiston complained of the long distance they had to travel to reach Wiscasset, the county seat of Lincoln County, in which Lewiston was originally located. It was also an impractical circumstance as Lewiston's neighbor, Auburn, was part of Cumberland County. As the growing partnership of the two towns emerged, the case for the towns to be in the same county grew. Different plans were discussed, including Lewiston joining Cumberland County. Eventually, the idea of a new county came to the table. The debate then became over which town would be the center of the new county. Bath, Brunswick, and Lewiston each desired the distinction. Lewiston eventually won the debate. Androscoggin County was created in 1854 from towns originally in Cumberland County, Lincoln County, Kennebec County, and Oxford County.
The next issue centered on where to put the county seat, as both Lewiston and Auburn desired to be named the county seat. It would eventually be put to a vote, with both towns putting different offers on the table, including ideas to cut the costs of the new county buildings for surrounding towns. Auburn would eventually win a convincing victory, with the towns on each side of the river voting for the town on their side. As more people then lived to the west of the Androscoggin River, Auburn won the vote.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 497 square miles (1,290 km$^2$), of which 468 square miles (1,210 km$^2$) is land and 29 square miles (75 km$^2$) (5.9%) is water. It is the second-smallest county in Maine by total area, after neighboring Sagadahoc County.
The Androscoggin River flows through the center of the county, as well as forming a short part of the county line with Sagadahoc County in the south. The Androscoggin Riverlands State Park lies along the river, north of Auburn. The county is also the site of Poland Spring, the original source of the bottled water brand bearing its name.

### Adjacent counties

* Franklin County – north
* Kennebec County – northeast
* Sagadahoc County – southeast
* Cumberland County – south
* Oxford County – west

### Major highways

* I-95
* US 202
* SR 4
* SR 9
* SR 11
* SR 26
* SR 106
* SR 108
* SR 117
* SR 121
* SR 122
* SR 125
* SR 126
* SR 132
* SR 133
* SR 197
* SR 219

## Demographics
### 2010 census

At the 2010 census, there were 107,702 people, 44,315 households, and 28,045 families living in the county. The population density was 230.2 inhabitants per square mile (88.9/km$^2$). There were 49,090 housing units at an average density of 104.9 per square mile (40.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 92.8% white, 3.6% black or African American, 0.7% Asian, 0.4% American Indian, 0.4% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.5% of the population. The largest ancestry groups were as follows: 21.2% cited English ancestry, 20.5% French Canadian, 20.1% French (not counted in the previous group), 15.5% Irish, 8.1% German, and 5.0% American.
Of the 44,315 households, 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.8% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 36.7% were non-families, and 28.3% of households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age was 39.8 years.
The median household income was $44,470 and the median family income was $55,045. Males had a median income of $41,554 versus $31,852 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,752. About 9.7% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.0% of those under age 18 and 12.4% of those age 65 or over.

### 2020 census

At the 2020 census, there were 111,132 people and 45,825 households living in the county. The population density was 237.5 inhabitants per square mile (91.7/km$^2$) inhabitants per square mile. There were 50,844 housing units at a density of 102.3 per square mile (39.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 90.6% white, 5.4% black or African American, 1.1% Asian, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin accounted for 2.2% of the population. The largest ancestry groups were: 19.7% English, 18.6% French, 14.6% Irish, 5.7% German, 4.7% Italian, 3.7% Scottish, and 2.1% Subsaharan African. 10.6% of the population over age 5 spoke a language other than English at home.
The median household income was $64,500, and $73,029 for families. The per capita income was $34,273. At 12.7%, Androscoggin County has a poverty rate nearly 2% higher than the state as a whole. The poverty rate for those under 18 was 19.4% and 8.5% for individuals aged 65 and over.

## Media
### Newspapers

* The Sun Journal prints a daily newspaper in four different editions statewide. The Sun Journal was the recipient of the 2008 New England Daily Newspaper of the Year and the 2009 Maine Press Association Newspaper of the Year.

## Politics
### Presidential elections

In presidential elections, Androscoggin County is considered a "swing area" by most political standards, with a fairly even split between Democratic and Republican voters. It was the only county in Maine to be won by Democrats Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 and George McGovern in 1972. Jimmy Carter also carried the county twice. In 1984 and 1988, it went for Republican candidates Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush, who also won the state of Maine. However, the county swayed in favor of Republican Donald Trump for both the 2016 and 2020 elections; even as the state as a whole was won by Democrats Hillary Clinton and Joe Biden, respectively.
United States presidential election results for Androscoggin County, Maine :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 30,605 | 52.01% | 27,019 | 45.91% | 1,223 | 2.08% |
| 2020 | 29,268 | 49.85% | 27,617 | 47.04% | 1,822 | 3.10% |
| 2016 | 28,227 | 50.77% | 23,009 | 41.38% | 4,365 | 7.85% |
| 2012 | 22,232 | 42.06% | 28,989 | 54.84% | 1,641 | 3.10% |
| 2008 | 22,671 | 41.33% | 31,017 | 56.55% | 1,162 | 2.12% |
| 2004 | 24,519 | 43.73% | 30,503 | 54.40% | 1,045 | 1.86% |
| 2000 | 19,948 | 40.51% | 26,251 | 53.31% | 3,046 | 6.19% |
| 1996 | 12,053 | 25.79% | 26,428 | 56.55% | 8,250 | 17.65% |
| 1992 | 14,174 | 25.70% | 22,247 | 40.34% | 18,723 | 33.95% |
| 1988 | 23,061 | 51.72% | 21,165 | 47.47% | 359 | 0.81% |
| 1984 | 26,904 | 57.24% | 19,885 | 42.31% | 211 | 0.45% |
| 1980 | 18,399 | 39.93% | 22,715 | 49.29% | 4,966 | 10.78% |
| 1976 | 16,330 | 37.40% | 26,484 | 60.65% | 851 | 1.95% |
| 1972 | 19,406 | 49.86% | 19,509 | 50.12% | 9 | 0.02% |
| 1968 | 10,390 | 27.52% | 26,820 | 71.04% | 542 | 1.44% |
| 1964 | 7,441 | 19.82% | 30,080 | 80.14% | 14 | 0.04% |
| 1960 | 14,654 | 35.96% | 26,097 | 64.04% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 20,385 | 56.27% | 15,842 | 43.73% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 18,049 | 50.59% | 17,560 | 49.22% | 67 | 0.19% |
| 1948 | 11,443 | 39.24% | 17,405 | 59.68% | 317 | 1.09% |
| 1944 | 10,927 | 36.38% | 19,078 | 63.51% | 34 | 0.11% |
| 1940 | 10,394 | 34.99% | 19,273 | 64.88% | 40 | 0.13% |
| 1936 | 10,480 | 38.14% | 16,657 | 60.62% | 340 | 1.24% |
| 1932 | 9,838 | 40.05% | 14,441 | 58.79% | 283 | 1.15% |
| 1928 | 11,790 | 51.59% | 10,940 | 47.87% | 124 | 0.54% |
| 1924 | 9,680 | 59.80% | 4,733 | 29.24% | 1,774 | 10.96% |
| 1920 | 9,565 | 60.83% | 5,757 | 36.61% | 402 | 2.56% |
| 1916 | 4,496 | 43.71% | 5,464 | 53.12% | 326 | 3.17% |
| 1912 | 859 | 8.44% | 4,516 | 44.38% | 4,801 | 47.18% |
| 1908 | 4,381 | 56.06% | 3,095 | 39.60% | 339 | 4.34% |
| 1904 | 4,393 | 62.31% | 2,206 | 31.29% | 451 | 6.40% |
| 1900 | 4,648 | 57.44% | 3,182 | 39.32% | 262 | 3.24% |
| 1896 | 5,548 | 66.61% | 2,513 | 30.17% | 268 | 3.22% |
| 1892 | 4,326 | 52.47% | 3,452 | 41.87% | 466 | 5.65% |
| 1888 | 4,893 | 54.99% | 3,585 | 40.29% | 420 | 4.72% |
| 1884 | 4,745 | 52.13% | 3,469 | 38.11% | 889 | 9.77% |
| 1880 | 4,974 | 52.76% | 4,215 | 44.71% | 239 | 2.54% |
| 1876 | 4,294 | 58.26% | 3,077 | 41.74% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1872 | 4,187 | 72.48% | 1,590 | 27.52% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1868 | 4,427 | 68.24% | 2,060 | 31.76% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1864 | 3,363 | 63.46% | 1,936 | 36.54% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1860 | 3,526 | 64.35% | 1,838 | 33.55% | 115 | 2.10% |
| 1856 | 3,388 | 64.25% | 1,699 | 32.22% | 186 | 3.53% |

### State politics

In 2012, the county voted 54% against Maine Question 1, 2012 – a measure to legalize same-sex marriage, but the referendum passed in the state with 53%.

### County government

Androscoggin County is governed by an elected county commission consisting of seven members representing single-member districts. Currently, the county commissioners are:
* District 1 Edouard Plourde (D)
* District 2 Roland Poirier (D)
* District 3 Brian Ames (R)
* District 4 Garrett Mason (R)
* District 5 Andrew Lewis (D)
* District 6 Terri Kelly (R)
* District 7 Sally A. Christner (R)

### Voter registration

Active voter registration and party enrollment as of March 2024 :
| | Democratic | 22,352 | 32.54% |
| | Republican | 20,684 | 30.11% |
| | Unenrolled | 19,664 | 28.62% |
| | Green Independent | 3,199 | 4.66% |
| | Libertarian | 1,403 | 2.04% |
| | No Labels | 1,397 | 2.03% |
| Total | Total | 68,699 | 100% |

## Communities
### Incorporated towns and cities

* Auburn
* Durham
* Greene
* Leeds
* Lewiston
* Lisbon
* Livermore
* Livermore Falls
* Mechanic Falls
* Minot
* Poland
* Sabattus
* Turner
* Wales

### Census-designated places

* Greene
* Lisbon
* Lisbon Falls
* Livermore Falls
* Mechanic Falls
* Sabattus
* Turner

## Economy

Some agriculture exists here. Androscoggin is especially known for poultry – ranking #1 in the state for the poultry and egg category from 77 producing farms. The county is also top in the state for hog and pig production.