OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arunthathiyar

Arunthathiyar is a scheduled caste community mostly found in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The term has two distinct usages: for the purposes of the state government's positive discrimination program, in 2009 it was designated an umbrella term for the Arunthatiyar, Chakkiliyar (Sakkiliyar), Madari, Madiga, Pagadai, Thoti and Adi Andhra communities with a total population of 2,150,285, accounting for 14.89% of the Scheduled Caste population according to the 2011 Census of India. While the Office of the Registrar-General, which administers the census of India, does not recognize all of those communities as one.
Specifically, within Arunthathiyar caste it is reported that there were 1,084,162 individuals in Tamil Nadu, being 7.52 percent of the Scheduled Caste population of the state.

## Origin

Due to their speaking Telugu and lack of mention in early Tamil texts, most scholarly authorities believe the community originated in Andhra Pradesh and migrated to Tamil Nadu in the 17th century. However, the community's own history is that they are originally Tamil kings who ruled the area around Tagadur (Dharmapuri), who were taken as captives in war to Andhra and Karnataka in ancient days and only returned in the 16th century as the Kannada-speaking Madiyars and Tamil-speaking Chakkiliyars. Therefore, they called themselves Adi Tamizhar.

## Occupation

The Arunthathiyars, although they never touched dead cattle, still worked leather as leatherworkers and cobblers, and were thus given a low social status in Hinduism Caste system. Many are also landless agricultural labourers and are engaged in bonded labour.

## Current status

The vast majority of the community, almost 18.27 lakhs, live in Tamil Nadu, with small minorities in neighbouring states. Small populations live in the Palakkad district of Kerala (40,507), and southern parts of Andhra Pradesh (30,190) and Karnataka (2,959). 62% of the community lived in rural areas, and the literacy rate is 60%.
Many Arunthathiyars in northern Tamil Nadu work as landless agricultural labourers for Naidu landlords, and their women work as domestic help in their houses. Some girls from the community are dedicated to the Mathamma cult, a local village deity tradition.

## Notable people

* Madurai Veeran - King and commander-in-chief (Thirumalai Nayakkar Period)
* Ondiveeran - King and commander of an army who fought against the British East India Company in Tamil Nadu
* Veeramangai Kuyili - Kuyili was an army commander of queen Velu Nachiyar. She is considered the first suicide bomber in Indian history
* Rao Sahib L.C. Gurusamy - Member of the round table conference team led by B. R. Ambedkar; founder of Arunthathiyar Mahajana Saba. Member of the Justice Party, social activist and politician.
# Anie Samson

Anie Samson was a city councillor from Montreal, Quebec, Canada. She became borough mayor of Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension on January 1, 2006. She was reelected on November 1, 2009. She lost her election on November, 5th, 2017.
She is one of the founding members of the Vision Montreal municipal political party. She previously served as city councillor for the district of Villeray from 1994 to 2005.
Samson has a Bachelor's degree in political science specializing in international relations from Université de Montréal as well as a Master's Degree in communications.
# Chicago Art Book Fair

The Chicago Art Book Fair (CABF) is an annual art fair held in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The fair focuses on art books and small press publishing featuring independent artists, publishers, presses and printmakers. The genre of materials represented ranges from traditional artist's book publishers and printing to comics, zines and alternative press materials. The fair was founded by the artists Aay Preston-Myint and Alexander Valentine.
It has been held annually in Chicago since 2017. The first three fairs were held in November at the Chicago Athletic Association in downtown Chicago.
# Yamchi-ye Olya

Yamchi-ye Olya (Persian: يامچي عليا) is a village in Rezaqoli-ye Qeshlaq Rural District of the Central District in Nir County, Ardabil province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 233 in 63 households. The following census in 2011 counted 266 people in 79 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 221 people in 69 households.
# Pseudorbis jameoensis

Pseudorbis jameoensis is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Skeneidae. This species was described from the Canary Islands and is part of the genus Pseudorbis, known for its small, tightly coiled shells.

## Description

The shell of Pseudorbis jameoensis is notably small, attaining a height of 0.72 mm and a diameter of 0.84 mm. It exhibits a tightly coiled, trochiform (top-shaped) structure typical of Skeneidae, with a low spire and rounded whorls. The shell surface is likely smooth or faintly sculptured, possibly with fine spiral lines, though specific details are not fully elaborated in accessible sources. The aperture is small and rounded, consistent with the genus Pseudorbis. Coloration is not detailed in the original description summary, but related species like Pseudorbis granulum suggest it may be whitish or translucent.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off the Canary Islands, specifically recorded from Lanzarote. It was collected from Jameos del Agua, a volcanic cave system with marine pools, indicating a unique habitat among anchialine (coastal cave) environments. The depth range and broader distribution remain unspecified in available literature.

## Ecology

Pseudorbis jameoensis inhabits marine-influenced cave pools, such as those in Jameos del Agua, suggesting it is adapted to anchialine conditions with fluctuating salinity. As a member of the Skeneidae family, it is likely a grazing or detritivorous species, feeding on microalgae, bacteria, or organic detritus, typical of small trochoidean gastropods. Its minute size and habitat suggest a specialized ecological niche, though detailed studies on its behavior or life cycle are lacking.

## Taxonomy

Pseudorbis jameoensis was described by F. Rubio and C. Rodríguez Babio in 1991 in the journal Iberus, based on specimens from the Canary Islands. The species is accepted in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) with no recorded synonyms. It belongs to the genus Pseudorbis, which differs from other Skeneidae genera by its compact shell and subtle sculpture. The original description also discusses its systematic relation to Pseudorbis granulum Brugnone, 1873, refining the genus’s taxonomy.
# Paronym

Paronyms are near-homophones ("soundalike"), near-homographs ("lookalike") and/or near-cognates ("meanalike") — words that are similar but not identical in pronunciation, spelling, and/or lexical meaning — which may cause confusion in their understanding (reception) and usage (production). Paronymy is the relationship between a pair of words or phrases which are similar or partially identical in spelling, pronunciation and/or meaning.
In the discussion of semantic analysis, the term paronym can also be used in a narrower sense to refer to words that are derived from the same root, i.e. cognate words.

## Examples
### English

Examples of English paronyms include:
* alternately and alternatively
* authoritative and authoritarian
* collision and collusion
* conjuncture and conjecture
* eclipse and ellipse
* excise and exercise
* prolepsis and proslepsis
* continuous and contiguous
* affect and effect
* upmost and utmost
* deprecate and depreciate
* recurring and re-occurring
* paronym and patronym
* haven and heaven
* artist and artisan
* artful and artistic
* confident and confidant
* willing and willful
* sensitive and sensible
* popular and populous
* lovely and lovable
* graceful and gracious
* childish and childlike
# Cliff Myers

Clifford William Myers (23 September 1946 – 8 February 2019) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Torquay United, Charlton Athletic and Brentford as a utility player. He went on to have a long career in non-League football and is regarded as a cult hero amongst the supporters of Yeovil Town, for whom he made 329 appearances.

## Personal life

Myers' son and grandson (Chris and Spencer respectively) both became footballers. Myers began running a Torquay-based contract cleaning company in the late 1970s and moved to Rhodes in 1991. He owned the Sunburnt Arms bar in Lindos.

## Honours

Yeovil Town
* Southern League Premier Division: 1970–71

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Brentford | 1967–68 | Fourth Division | 10 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 10 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 2 |
# Franco Florio (athlete)

Franco Florio (born 30 May 2000) is an Argentine sprinter and rugby sevens player. He has won several medals in athletics at regional level.

## Athletics international competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Argentina ||||||
| 2019 | South American U20 Championships | Cali, Colombia | 5th | 100 m | 10.63 |
| 2020 | South American Indoor Championships | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 3rd | 60 m | 6.85 |
| 2020 | South American Indoor Championships | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 3rd | 200 m | 21.89 |
| 2020 | South American Indoor Championships | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 3rd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:29.45 |
| 2021 | South American Championships | Guayaquil, Ecuador | 5th | 100 m | 10.49 (w) |
| 2021 | South American Championships | Guayaquil, Ecuador | – | 4 × 100 m relay | DQ |
| 2021 | South American U23 Championships | Guayaquil, Ecuador | 6th | 100 m | 10.58 |
| 2021 | South American U23 Championships | Guayaquil, Ecuador | 6th | 200 m | 21.40 |
| 2021 | South American U23 Championships | Guayaquil, Ecuador | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay | 41.29 |
| 2021 | Junior Pan American Games (U23) | Cali, Colombia | 3rd | 100 m | 10.37 |
| 2021 | Junior Pan American Games (U23) | Cali, Colombia | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.63 |
| 2022 | South American Indoor Championships | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 3rd | 100 m | 6.70 |
| 2022 | Ibero-American Championships | La Nucía, Spain | 3rd | 100 m | 10.31 |
| 2022 | South American U23 Championships | Cascavel, Brazil | 2nd | 100 m | 10.11 NR |
| 2022 | South American U23 Championships | Cascavel, Brazil | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.99 |
| 2022 | South American Games | Asunción, Paraguay | 1st | 100 m | 10.35 |
| 2023 | South American Championships | São Paulo, Brazil | 9th (h) | 100 m | 10.40 |
| 2023 | South American Championships | São Paulo, Brazil | 4th | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.85 |
| 2023 | Pan American Games | Santiago, Chile | 12th (h) | 100 m | 10.52 |
| 2023 | Pan American Games | Santiago, Chile | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.48 |
| 2024 | Ibero-American Championships | Cuiabá, Brazil | 7th | 100 m | 10.39 |
| 2024 | Ibero-American Championships | Cuiabá, Brazil | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.85 |
| 2025 | South American Indoor Championships | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 3rd | 60 m | 6.67 |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 100 metres – 10.11 (+0.5 m/s, Cascavel 2022) NR
* 200 metres – 21.40 (-0.7 m/s, Guayaquil 2021)
Indoor
* 60 metres – 6.67 (Jablonec 2025) NR
* 200 metres – 21.89 (Cochabamba 2020)
# North Entrance Road Historic District

The North Entrance Road Historic District is a historic district and road in Yellowstone National Park in Park County, Wyoming, and Park County, Montana in the United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

## Description

The district comprises Yellowstone National Park's former North Entrance Road from Gardiner, Montana to the park headquarters in Mammoth, Wyoming, a distance of a little over five miles (8.0 km). This original North Entrance Road was the first major road in the park, necessary to join the U.S. Army station at Fort Yellowstone to the Northern Pacific Railroad station at Gardiner. The majority of the road runs along the Gardner River. The road/district includes the Roosevelt Arch at the northern boundary of the park and winds through rolling terrain before crossing the Gardner River (twice) and joining the Grand Loop Road.

## History

The road was planned in 1883 by Lieutenant Dan Kingman of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and later on improved by Captain Hiram M. Chittenden of the Corps. It replaced the old Gardiner High Road which went from behind the Mammoth Hotel north over the ridges west of the river to the town of Gardiner. The first permanent entrance station to house rangers checking vehicle entering the park was constructed in 1921. It replaced temporary tents used by rangers at the Roosevelt Arch.
The road was destroyed in the 2022 Montana floods. Most of the road was washed away by the river. On October 30, 2022, Old Gardiner Road was opened to regular visitor traffic between Gardiner and Mammoth Hot Springs, to bypass the damaged former North Entrance Road. Subsequently, the National Park Service designated Old Gardiner Road as the "North Entrance Road". The two North Entrance Roads have a short concurrency at both ends.

## Gallery

* Gardner River Crossing, 1901
* Lower Gardner River, 1923
* Grand Loop bridge over Gardner River
* Northern Pacific Railway station at northern end of road.
* Stagecoaches en route to Mammoth, 1904
* Stagecoaches at Mammoth
* Lower Gardner River road, 1912
* North Entrance Station, 1922
* North Entrance Station, 1936
* New North Entrance Station, 1938
* North Entrance Station, 1949
* North Entrance Station, 1990
# Hôtel de Ville, Montpellier

The Hôtel de Ville (French pronunciation:, City Hall) is a historic building in Montpellier, Hérault, southern France, standing on Place Georges Frêche.

## History

The city council held its meetings in a building on Place de la Canourgue from 1205, and then in a building on Place Jean Jaurès from 1252. After the French Revolution, the council secured a lease on the Hôtel de Belleval on Place de la Canourgue, which had been designed in the neoclassical style and dated back to the second half of the 17th century. The council acquired the building in 1816, and instigated structural improvements, which involved the installation of 12 internal columns, in 1827. The building was designated a monument historique by the French government in 1950.
In the early 1970s, the city council led by the mayor, François Delmas, decided to commission a modern building. The site they selected was on Place Francis-Ponge. The new building was designed by Jean-Claude Deshons and Philippe Jaulmes in the modern style, clad in glass and was officially opened by the deputy secretary of the Union of Democrats for the Republic, Albin Chalandon, in 1975.
As the responsibilities of the council increased the council took more space in various buildings around the city. In due course, this arrangement was deemed unsatisfactory, and in the early 21st century, the city council, led by the mayor, Georges Frêche, decided to commission a more sustainable building, where all staff could be collocated. The site they selected was in the Port Marianne district. Construction started in October 2007. The new building was designed by Jean Nouvel and François Fontès in the modern style, and built by Fayat Group, Bec Construction and Castel & Fromaget, with a steel frame and blue-tinged glass cladding at a cost of €130 million. It was officially opened by the mayor, Hélène Mandroux, on 12 November 2011.
The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage, which was 50 metres (160 ft) wide and 41 meters (135 ft) high, facing onto a new public space named Place Georges Frêche, in honour of the mayor who initiated the project. The 12-storey building took the form of a hollow cube, perched across a small lake. It featured a large photovoltaic power station on the roof, to provide heat and light throughout the building. Internally, it provided a new council chamber, as well as offices for 4,000 council staff.
A statue by the sculptor, Jean-Loup Bouvier, depicting the flamenco guitarist, Manitas de Plata, playing his guitar, was erected in front of the building in June 2017, and a plaque, intended to commemorate the lives of the 41 mayors, who had served the city since 1790, was unveiled by the mayor, Michaël Delafosse, on 24 November 2021.
# Kirnach (Wertach)

Kirnach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It is a tributary of the Wertach in Ebenhofen.
# Barber Snark

The Barber Snark is a two-seater kit-plane, designed and built in New Zealand by Bill Barber. It first flew in late 1987. Only some five aircraft have been built.

## Design and development

The Snark is a tricycle aircraft of composite construction. Its glider-like cockpit accommodates a pilot and passenger in tandem, the passenger sitting behind and higher than the pilot. The centrally mounted shoulder-wing lies behind the pilot, who has unrestricted visibility. The 80 hp (60 kW) Suzuki engine is sited behind the cockpit, driving a pusher propeller. Wing control surfaces on the third Snark were flaperons, while the fourth aircraft had conventional ailerons and flaps. Above the propeller, and aft of the cockpit is a slender boom to the empennage comprising a T-tail with a high-mounted tailplane.
The Snark's tandem layout, its small frontal area, and its low wetted area mean that the aircraft has excellent performance, being able to cruise at over 110 knots despite having an engine output of only 80 bhp.

## Reception

The Snark received positive reviews in the UK and NZ press. Former RNZAF Squadron Leader and aviation journalist Tim Cripps wrote in Pilot magazine, "this is the most enjoyable of the many aircraft I have flown - and that includes the Hunter". Similarly, David Laing, a former WWII pilot who built the fourth Snark, declared it to be "one of the nicest planes I've ever flown".

## Specifications (Barber Snark)

Data from Treweek
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Length: 6.24 m (20 ft 6 in)
* Wingspan: 9.3 m (30 ft 6 in)
* Height: 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in)
* Empty weight: 331 kg (730 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 520 kg (1,146 lb)
* Fuel capacity: 55 litres (15 US gal) usable
* Powerplant: 1 × Suzuki G13 four stroke, 60 kW (80 hp)
Performance
* Cruise speed: 205 km/h (127 mph, 111 kn)
* Stall speed: 61 km/h (38 mph, 33 kn) with flaps
* Never exceed speed: 225 km/h (140 mph, 121 kn)
* Range: 1,040 km (650 mi, 560 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 3,658 m (12,001 ft)
* Rate of climb: 7.12 m/s (1,402 ft/min)
# Young Left (Austria)

The Young Left (German: Junge Linke; JL) is the youth wing of the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ).

## Political positions

The association sees itself as clearly politically left and part of the communist movement and describes itself as "the only nationwide youth organization that is working on building a strong left-wing force". The Young Left strives for a "solidary society" that is free from poverty and discrimination.

## Organization

The Young Left is organized in district groups and national organizations. The pioneering political and strategic decisions of the federal organization are made at the annual federal congress, at which all members are entitled to vote. The federal congress also elects the federal board, the executive body of the young left. The work of the federal board is controlled by the federal committee, which consists of delegates from the state and district divisions and is confirmed by the federal congress.

## History

Spokespersons for the Young Left :
| Year | Spokesperson |
| 2018–2019 | Flora Petrik |
| 2019–2020 | Tobias Schweiger |
| 2020–2025 | Alisa Vengerova |
| since 2025 | Hannah Pichler |
The Young Left were founded in Linz in June 2018. They represent the successor organization of the Young Greens and initially symbolized the end of the developments around the youth of Austria's Greens, who separated from their youth organization in spring 2017 – a new party youth organization of the Greens, the "Green Youth – Green alternative youth". Sarah Pansy was elected as the political director, in addition to her and Flora Petrik, five other members belonged to the board of directors. After the Young Greens split off from the Green Party, many members of the Young Greens were also members of the new organization Young Left. In addition, the existing association Junge Linke was merged into the new organization, which previously had active groups mainly in Lower Austria, Upper Austria, and Vienna.
In the summer of 2018, the first regional organizations such as those in Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Salzburg, Styria and Vienna were founded.
In March 2018, the former Junge Linke member Kay-Michael Dankl gained 3.7% of the votes in the Salzburg municipal council elections for the KPÖ and thus received a mandate. On May 8 he was sworn in as a member of the parish council.
# Oseadeeyo Kwasi Akuffo III

Oseadeeyo Kwasi Akuffo III (born Odehye Kwadwo Kesse Antwi; 24 February 1986) is a Ghanaian traditional ruler who is the Omanhene (or paramount chief) of the Akuapem traditional area (Okuapeman) in Ghana. He is a member of the Eastern Region house of chiefs.

## Early life and education

Akuffo was born Odehye Kwadwo Kesse on 24 February 1986 to Alex Antwi, a royal of the Agona clan in Akroso-Ntonaboma and Cynthia Agyemang, also a royal, from the Sakyiabia family in Akropong Akuapem (both in the Eastern Region). Akuffo attended Presbyterian Boys' Secondary School and proceeded to the Westchester Community College in Valhalla where he earned an associate degree. He furthered his education at the Mercy College where he received a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration, with a specialization in Management. In 2015, he again enrolled at Mercy College for a master's degree in Human Resource Management but in 2016 was compelled to return to Ghana after the demise of his uncle and predecessor Oseadeeyo Nana Addo Dankwa.

## Career

Akuffo works as a managing partner and chief consultant at the Jupe Global Company Limited, a business consulting and venture capital firm.

## Reign

Akuffo ascended the Okuapeman stool (also known as the Ofori Kuma stool), under the stool name Oseadeeyo Kwasi Akuffo III on 3 May 2020, succeeding his late uncle Oseadeyo Addo Dankwa III who died in 2015, after ruling for over 40 years. He is a member of the Sakyiabia royal family of Akropong Akuapem. Akuffo holds the official title of Okuapehene. He is currently regarded as the youngest Omanhene in Ghana.

## Personal life

Akuffo is married to Linda Kesse Antwi who is a native Asante Bekwai in the Ashanti Region and works with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration.