OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# America Against America

America Against America is a nonfiction book written by Chinese political scientist Wang Huning about his experiences as a visiting scholar in the United States in 1988.

## Synopsis

The book discusses Wang's experiences as a six-months visiting scholar in the United States. The first three months at the University of Iowa, three weeks at the University of California, Berkeley, then visiting about 20 universities within 30 cities.
The book talks about the increasing challenges he saw in the U.S., such as inequality, economic conflicts, decaying of social values and commodification. He also praised the strengths of the U.S., such as its modernity, and peaceful transitions of power, and was described by The Economist as "seeing the weaknesses in America's system, but not exaggerating them". In Wang's own words:
   My intention with this title is to show that America contains contradictions that cannot be dismissed with a single sentence. In the old days, people had a dogmatic view of American society as merely the “exploitation of surplus value,” a “dictatorship of the bourgeoisie,” and nothing more. Now there is another extreme, some people imagine the United States as a paradise, rich and without flaw. In fact American society doesn’t match either of these descriptions, and often finds itself in fundamental contradiction with them. There are strengths and weaknesses, and wherever strength can be found, weakness can also be found. America is a contradiction, it contains multitudes. This is what I mean by “America Against America.”

## Reception

In 2021, the book received renewed interest in the aftermath of the storming of the United States Capitol, with some used copies surging to 16,600 yuan ($2500) on antiques sites.
# Naomi Jakobsson

Naomi D. Jakobsson (born September 28, 1941) was a Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives, who represented the 103rd District from 2003 to 2015. The 103rd District encompasses Urbana, and Champaign.

## Early life, education and career

Jakobsson earned her bachelor's degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1977 and went on to earn her master's degree in Teaching English as a Second Language in December 1979 from the same institution. From 1979 to 1984 she worked as an English as a Second Language teacher for the Urbana School District.
Jakobsson began her public career in 1984, when she was elected Champaign County Recorder of Deeds. She would serve as Champaign County Recorder of Deeds from 1984 to 1996. From 1996 to 1998 she served as the executive director of A Woman's Fund, a domestic violence shelter, and from 1999 to 2002 she worked for the university YMCA and the university YWCA first as development officer and then as executive director. As of 2002 Jakobsson served on the board of the Illinois Children's Home and Aid Society, as the Urbana Human Relations Commissioner, and on the board of the Champaign County Habitat for Humanity.

## Illinois General Assembly

Naomi was elected to represent the 103rd District in 2002. Jakobsson chaired the House Human Services Committee. Additionally, she served on the House Committees for Higher Education, Adoption Reform, Appropriations - Elementary and Secondary Education, and Appropriations - Higher Education. As a legislator Naomi has been active in sponsoring and supporting legislation that concerns the University of Illinois, the environment, and women's health. She voted against HB 148.

## Personal life

Naomi is married and is the mother of eight children, two by birth and six by adoption. Her son, Garret, died due to frontotemporal dementia, a neurodegenerative disease, in 2013 aged 46. Jakobsson had been at vigil by his bedside when she received word that a poll of members of the Illinois House showed that she was needed to cast the decisive vote in Springfield on the marriage equality bill she had co-sponsored. Her husband drove her to Springfield to cast that vote. During her drive to Springfield one member shifted his position, so the measure actually passed by two votes. Garret died approximately fifteen minutes before her return to him.
# NBBF National Division One

The NBBF National Division One, known as the Total Division One per sponsorship, is the second level basketball league in Nigeria. In 2021, the league consisted of 18 teams divided over two conferences (Savannah and Atlantic). The champions of each season are promoted to the Nigerian Premier League.
The league is named after Total, who in 2018 signed a sponsorship agreement until 2025.

## Teams

The following teams played in the 2021 season:

### Savannah Conference

| Team | City / State |
| Apa Flames | Benue |
| Kano Pyramid | Kano |
| Zamfara Shooters | Zamfara |
| Yobe Desert Warriors | Yobe |
| AHIP Giants | Kano |
| Gombe Jewels | Gombe |
| Taraba Hurricannes | Taraba |
| Golden Touch | |
| Safety Knights | |
| Nile Spartans | Abuja |
| Ahmadu Bello University Kings | Zaria |

### Atlantic Conference

| Team | City / State |
| Nigerian Air Force Rockets | |
| OS Lions | Osun |
| Ebun Comets | Lagos |
| Police Bombers | Lagos |
| Brave Heart | |
| Oilers | Lagos |
| Chuba Ikpeazu | Anambra |
| Enugu Coal City | |
| Edo Beads | Benin City |

## Champions

| Season | Champions | Runners-up | Final score | MVP | Ref. |
| 2016 | Hoops & Read | NSCDC | 82–60 | | |
| 2021 | Nile Spartans | Ebun Comets | 74–62 | Nnoruka Francis | |
# Piero Palermini

Piero Palermini (18 September 1925 – 28 January 1996) was an Italian film actor. He was cast by Riccardo Freda in the 1949 swashbuckler, possibly due to a physical resemblance to the Hollywood actor Gene Kelly. Freda would come to regret this casting although Palermini would again appear for him in his 1950 production Son of d'Artagnan.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1942 | A Pilot Returns | Un giovane ufficiale inglese | |
| 1942 | Sleeping Beauty | | Uncredited |
| 1943 | Giacomo the Idealist | | |
| 1943 | Special Correspondents | Il giovane tenente | |
| 1946 | Paese senza pace | | |
| 1947 | To Live in Peace | Franco | |
| 1947 | The Captain's Daughter | Dimitri | Uncredited |
| 1947 | Fire Over the Sea | Il brigante gentile | |
| 1948 | Cab Number 13 | | |
| 1948 | Fire Over the Sea | Rio Marani | |
| 1948 | Calamità d'oro | Armando | |
| 1948 | Nennella | | |
| 1949 | Buried Alive | Giorgio | |
| 1949 | The Iron Swordsman | Balduccio Ubaldini | |
| 1949 | Il falco rosso | Gilberto | |
| 1950 | Faddija – La legge della vendetta | Saru | |
| 1950 | Son of d'Artagnan | Raoul d'Artagnan | |
| 1951 | O.K. Nerone | Marcus | |
| 1952 | Ha da venì... don Calogero! | | |
| 1953 | Good Folk's Sunday | Pieri | |
| 1953 | Voice of Silence | Partigiano | |
| 1953 | Puccini | Fontana | |
| 1954 | La prigioniera di Amalfi | | |
| 1954 | Cose da pazzi | Enrico | |
| 1954 | Napoli terra d'amore | Il delegato del P.S. | |
| 1954 | Loves of Three Queens | Segment: The Face That Launched a Thousand Ships | Uncredited |
| 1954 | Amore e smarrimento | Paolo Fabbri | |
| 1955 | Beautiful but Dangerous | | Uncredited |
| 1956 | The Intruder | Schoolteacher | |
| 1956 | War and Peace | Russian Artillery Lieutenant | Uncredited |
| 1956 | The Violent Patriot | | |
| 1956 | The Knight of the Black Sword | Ludovico | |
| 1956 | I miliardari | Fabrizio | |
| 1957 | Saranno uomini | | |
| 1957 | Vecchio cinema... che passione! | | |
| 1958 | Adorabili e bugiarde | Vittorio | |
| 1960 | The Night They Killed Rasputin | Le chef de la conspiration | Uncredited |
| 1961 | Queen of the Nile | Nagor | |
| 1961 | Duel of Champions | Nevio | |
| 1962 | Planets Against Us | Ufficiale italiano | |
| 1962 | Toto vs. Maciste | Baitan | |
| 1962 | La bellezza di Ippolita | | |
| 1962 | Lo sgarro | Pietro | |
| 1962 | Charge of the Black Lancers | | |
| 1962 | Caesar the Conqueror | Quintus Sabino | |
| 1962 | A Queen for Caesar | Afranio | |
| 1963 | The Fall of Rome | Valerio | |
| 1969 | The Battle of El Alamein | | |
| 1975 | Gambling City | | |
| 1976 | Prisoner of Passion | | |
| 1976 | My Sister in Law | Car Salesman | |
| 1977 | Goodbye & Amen | Berto | |
| 1985 | Mussolini and I | Farinacci | TV Mini-Series, 2 episodes, (final appearance) |
# Frazione

A frazione (pl.: frazioni) is a type of subdivision of a comune ('municipality') in Italy, often a small village or hamlet outside the main town. Most frazioni were created during the Fascist era (1922–1943) as a way to consolidate territorial subdivisions in the country.
In the autonomous region of the Aosta Valley, a frazione is officially called hameau in French. In South Tyrol, a frazione is called Fraktion in German and frazion in Ladin.

## Description

The term frazioni refers to the villages or hamlets that often make up a comune in rural Italian areas. Subdivision of a comune is optional; some comuni have no frazioni, but others have several dozen. The comune usually has the same name of the capoluogo, but not always, in which case it is called a comune sparso.
In practice, most frazioni are small villages or hamlets, occasionally just a clump of houses. Not every hamlet is classified as a frazione; those that are not are often referred to as località, for example, in the telephone book. In some cases, frazioni are more populous than the capoluogo of the comune. Due to unusual circumstances or to the depopulation of the capoluogo, the town hall and its administrative functions can move to one of the frazioni: the comune still retains the name of the capoluogo.

## History

Historically, many frazioni came into being during the Fascist era, when a major effort was made to consolidate and rationalize the territorial subdivisions of the country. Sometimes, a frazione represents a former comune that was believed to be no longer viable.
Until 2000, the central government established the frazioni and defined their borders, except in the case of the five autonomous regions (see regions of Italy), where this was controlled at the regional level. By the Legislative Decree 267/2000 to implement amendments to Title V of the Italian Constitution, the individual comuni now define the frazioni within their borders.

## Officers

Under the former legislation, a frazione had the option of having a submayor (prosindaco), who was appointed by the mayor (sindaco) of the comune, often on the recommendation of deliberative bodies such as the communal council (consiglio) or the giunta, or as a result of a petition by enough residents of the frazione involved; although there was no official provision for frazioni to group together with the appointment of a single prosindaco, this did happen quite often. Under current law, however, Article 54 of the d.lgs. 267/2000 provides that a mayor may delegate mayoral functions at the frazione level to a councillor of the comune.
In many comuni, in addition to their advisory function, the frazioni have their clerks and recorders of deeds, but they do not maintain their own civil records.
# Bruno Martini

Bruno Ludovic Jean Roger Martini (25 January 1962 – 20 October 2020) was a French professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
His professional career was closely associated with Auxerre, for which he played 13 years. Having won more than 30 caps for France during nine years, Martini represented the nation in two UEFA European Championships.

## Club career

Born in Challuy, Nevers, Martini started playing professionally for AJ Auxerre. After a loan stint with AS Nancy he took the place of Paris Saint-Germain FC-bound Joël Bats, going on to appear in 322 Ligue 1 matches while also helping his team to a 1992–93 semi-final run in the UEFA Cup.
Martini left the club in the season prior to the 1995–96 conquest of the double, pushed to the sidelines by Lionel Charbonnier. He finished his career in 1999 at 37 after four seasons with Montpellier HSC, and returned to the latter side in 2015 as a goalkeeper coach.

## International career

Martini played 31 times for France and played at Euro 1992 (as a starter) and Euro 1996. Immediately after his retirement, he started serving as goalkeeping coach for Les Bleus.
For his performance in the final of the 1988 UEFA European Under-21 Championship against Greece, Martini was awarded a 10/10 rating by newspaper L'Équipe, becoming the first player to receive this rating.

## Death

Martini died on 20 October 2020 of heart failure in Montpellier, aged 58.

## Honours

France U21
* UEFA European Under-21 Championship: 1988
# Battle of Orthez (1569)

The battle of Orthez was fought during the French Wars of Religion, between August 11 and 14, 1569. Huguenot forces under the leadership of Gabriel de Montgomery defeated Royalist forces under Antoine de Lomagne, vicomte de Terride in French Navarre. Following the battle, Huguenot forces killed many of their Catholic prisoners.

## Background

In the later half of the sixteenth century, all Aquitaine above the Garonne except for Bordeaux was in Protestant hands. At that time, Orthez was the largest and most dynamic city of Béarn. It was a market town which served as the main funnel for products making their way to Bayonne for export. Orthez was therefore quite wealthy. One wealthy Protestant, Adrien-Arnaud de Gachassin, had gifted his mansion in Orthez to Jeanne d' Albret in 1555 (today, it is called Maison of Jeanne d' Albret and has become a museum of how wealthy Protestants lived). The Huguenots were therefore desirous of capturing the important and wealthy town of Orthez.

## Forces

The Huguenot army of Gabriel de Lorges, comte de Montgomery was a highly mobile force of 2,500, with a large proportion of cavalry.

## En route to Orthez

The Protestant forces of Montgomery and Montamat had left Castres around noon on July 27, 1569. They pillaged along the way, passing through Mazères in Foix. The troops crossed the Garonne and the Gave at Coarreze and by August 9, they reached Queen Jeanne d' Albret’s castle at Navarrenx, which had been placed under siege two and a half months ago by the Catholic army of Antoine de Lomagne, vicomte de Terride. Terride, who had lifted the siege the previous day, withdrew his forces to Orthez.
On August 11, Montgomery crossed the Gave de Pau under fire and routed Terride's troops on the right bank. Isolated in Orthez and despairing of relief, Terride opened negotiations on August 14.
In the following days the Huguenots killed many of their prisoners. A special death was contrived for the clergy - they were thrown to their deaths from the heights of Orthez's Le Pont-Vieux over the Gave de Pau. In addition, the local Moncade castle was destroyed as well as the town’s churches and many homes.

## Aftermath

Massacre of religious opponents characterised much of the Wars of Religion. Montgomery’s Huguenot troops committed subsequent massacres of Catholics in Artix, Tarbes, and elsewhere,
Based on correspondence and the memoirs of Jeanne III d'Albret, as well as the fact that the war was taken specifically to Orthez and Navarrenx by her direct orders, the historian Communay posits that she herself may have ordered the slaughter of the Catholic prisoners. Doubtless, however, the Huguenots were so enraged from the persecution inflicted on them by the Catholics that they could not be restrained from the massacre.
Montgomery's victory at Orthez gave the Huguenots the ability to recover after, in October, their main field army was destroyed at Moncontour.
# Ayeyarwady bulbul

The Ayeyarwady bulbul (Pycnonotus blanfordi) is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is endemic to Myanmar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. Until 2016, the Ayeyarwady bulbul was considered to be conspecific with the streak-eared bulbul (now Pycnonotus conradi).
# Streak-eared bulbul

The streak-eared bulbul (Pycnonotus conradi) is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found from Thailand and northern and central Malay Peninsula to southern Indochina. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
The streak-eared bulbul was originally described in the genus Criniger. Until 2016, the streak-eared bulbul was considered to be conspecific with the Ayeyarwady bulbul while still using the name 'streak-eared bulbul' (as Pycnonotus blanfordi).

## Diet

It is a frugivore.
# Palaruvi Falls

Palaruvi Falls is a waterfall located in Kollam district in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the 32nd highest waterfall in India.
Palaruvi (literally "stream of milk") falls from a height of 300 feet (91 m) and is situated at Aryankavu in the Kollam district of the south Indian state of Kerala.
# 752nd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment

The 752nd Guards Petrokovskaya twice Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky Motor Rifle Regiment is a mechanized infantry regiment of the Russian Ground Forces.

## History

Its first forebears were the 6th Guards Mechanised Regiment, later 17th Guards Mechanised Brigade, of the 6th Guards Mechanised Corps, created in 1943.
In mid-1945, in accordance with an order of the State Committee of Defence (NKO), the 17th Guards Mechanised Brigade became the 17th Guards Mechanised Regiment (V/Ch 49941) of the 6th Guards Mechanised Division (V/Ch 89428). From June 1946 it was located in Eberswalde in East Germany, part of the Group of Soviet Forces Germany. As part of the creation of motor rifle divisions in 1957, the regiment became the 81st Guards Motor Rifle Regiment, and with a reorganisation in 1985, became part of the 90th Guards Tank Division.

### Post Cold War

In 1993, as part of the withdrawal of former Soviet forces from Germany, along with other units of the 90th Guards Tank Division, the regiment was withdrawn to the village of Roshchinsky, Samara Oblast, Russian Federation, becoming part of the 2nd Guards Tank Army of the Volga Military District.
In accordance with the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 036 dated June 15, 1994, the 81st Guards MRR stationed on the territory of the Volga Cossack Horde was given the traditional Cossack name "Volga Cossack."
In 1994–1995, as part of the "Northern" operational group, the regiment took part in the assault on Grozny during the First Chechen War. On 31 December 1994, during the Battle of Grozny together with units of the 131st Motor Rifle Brigade, the regiment was surrounded. Withdrawing from the encirclement, the regiment suffered very significant losses. On or about 9 April 1995, the regiment was withdrawn from Chechnya.
In December 1997, the 90th Guards Tank Division was reduced to the status of a Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment. As a result, the regiment was transferred to the 27th Guards Motor Rifle Division of the Volga Military District, and moved to the village of Kryazh (a suburb of Samara), becoming a regiment of constant readiness.
In the period from February to June 2009, on the basis of the 81st Guards Motor Rifle Regiment, was created, with the transfer of the Guards Battle Banner, awards, honorary titles and the historical form of the regiment, the 23rd guards motor rifle Petrokovskaya twice Red Banner, the orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky Volga Cossack brigade.

### As 752nd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment

In 2016, the 23rd Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade was moved from Samara to the city of Valuiki, Belgorod Oblast, and reorganized into the 752nd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment (Military Unit Number 34670) with the preservation of awards, ranks and historical traditions. There it joined the 3rd Motor Rifle Division.
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the 752nd Motorized Rifle Regiment of the 20th Combined Arms Army was reported as encircled at the end of September in Drobysheve and Lyman.
# Xuan Jiang

Xuan Jiang (730–690 BC), was the Duchess consort of Duke Xuan of Wey (r. 718–700).
She was the daughter of the Marquis of Qi of the Jiang clan. She married Duke Xuan of Wey and became the mother of Duke Hui of Wey (r. 699–697).
She was initially engaged to Crown prince Jizi, but her future stepfather instead chose to marry her himself. She is known for arranging the murder of her stepson Jizi, with the support of her younger son, by hiring robbers to attack him on the road. Initially, her own older son was killed in error for having disguised as his brother in order to protect him, but she succeeded on her second attempt.
When her son succeeded his father, she was convinced by her father to enter into a relationship with her stepson prince Shou Zhao Bo of Wey, which whom she had five children.

## Legacy

She is included in the "Biographies of Pernicious and Depraved Women" of the Biographies of Eminent women (Lienü zhuan).
# Kong Bo Ji

Kong Bo Ji (Chinese: 衛伯姬, 6th-century BC – 476 BC), was a Chinese noblewoman.
She was the daughter of Duke Ling of Wey (r. 534–492 BC), sister of Duke Zhuang II of Wey, and paternal aunt of Duke Chu of Wey.
She was married to Kong Wenzi and the mother of Kong Li. When her nephew Duke Chu of Wey became ruler in 481 BC, her son was appointed Minister of the Ancestral Temple. She and her lover Hun Liangfu convinced by her exiled brother to persuade her son to depose Duke Chu and place her brother on the throne. The coup succeeded, and her brother Duke Zhuang II was placed upon the throne. When in power, however, her brother executed her lover. When her brother was deposed and Duke Chu reinstated, he had her executed.
She is depicted in Two Disorderly Women of Wei in the Biographies of Eminent women (Lienü zhuan) alongside Lady Nanzi and described as "a lustful concubine", blamed for the succession crisis and accused of having caused the "disorder of five generations".
# Alcohol in Thailand

Alcohol in Thailand refers to the alcohol industry, alcohol consumption and laws related to alcohol in Thailand. In 2023, 5.73 million people (10.05% of the population) demonstrated signs of alcoholism.

## Domestic market

Thailand's alcoholic drinks market was valued at approximately 473 billion baht ($13.97 billion) in 2020. The market has been characterized as a monopoly.

### Beer

Over half of the alcoholic drinks market consists of beer, and is effectively a duopoly, with Boon Rawd Brewery (which produces Singha and Leo beers) comprising a 58% share and ThaiBev (which produces Chang beer) at 34.3%.
Under the 1950 Liquor Act, individuals are prohibited from brewing and distributing their own beer. Despite this, a large craft beer market exists in Thailand, with microbreweries established across the country.

### Liquor

The liquor market is predominately controlled by ThaiBev (which produces SangSom, Mekhong and Hong Thong) and controls over a 90% share. The Thai government issues two forms of distilling licenses, "community" and "special".

#### Special licenses

Special licenses give companies the right to export their products and have less restrictions, but require a minimum daily production capacity of 30,000 liters and for distillers to receive an environmental certificate.

#### Community licenses

Community licenses are more easily obtained, but limit distillers to 6 employees. Distillers are limited to 5 horsepower of electricity usage. Community licenses restrict distillers to labelling their products as white spirits (Thai: เหล้าขาว) and dark, or colored spirits (Thai: เหล้าสี).

## Legislation and guidelines
### Legal drinking age

In Thailand, the legal drinking age is 20. The Alcoholic Beverage Control Act of 2008 increased the drinking age in Thailand from 18 to 20, private drinking is not regulated in private locations.

### Alcohol advertising

Thailand has strict laws controlling the advertising of alcohol and alcoholic products, under the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act, BE 2551 (2008). In 2024, the Public Health Ministry proposed a new bill to further restrict alcohol-related advertisements.

### Community Liquor Bill

In 2025, the House of Representatives unanimously passed the Community Liquor Bill, which would liberalize alcohol manufacturing.