# 1988 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations

During the Parade of Nations portion of the 1988 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from that country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.

## Parade order

As the nation of the first modern Olympic Games, Greece entered the stadium first; whereas, the host nation South Korea marched last. Other countries entered in alphabetical order in the language of the host country (Korean), according with tradition and IOC guidelines. The collation method used is based on the names as written in Hangul, a traditional Korean alphabet.
Whilst most countries entered under their short names, a few entered under more formal or alternative names, mostly due to political and naming disputes. The Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan) entered with the compromised name and flag of "Chinese Taipei" ("차이니스 타이페이") under 타 ta, while the conflicting People's Republic of China (commonly known as China) entered as "중화인민공화국" under 중.
Among the nations with Korean names starting with 이 i, several reorderings occurred because of the hostile relationship between the countries. Hangul alphabetic order would have dictated Iraq → Iran → Israel → Egypt → Italy → India → Indonesia → Japan. Iran was moved three spaces later in the parade while Israel was moved five spaces later (an additional two spaces past Iran), changing the parade order into Iraq → Egypt → Italy → India → Iran → Indonesia → Japan → Israel.
160 nations entered the stadium with a combined total of 8,391 athletes. Eight nations made their Olympic debut: Aruba, American Samoa, Brunei, Cook Islands, Maldives, Vanuatu, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and South Yemen. North Korea and its ally Cuba boycotted the games for the second consecutive time, while Ethiopia, Albania and the Seychelles did not respond to the invitations sent by the IOC, allegedly in solidarity with North Korea. Madagascar did not participate due to financial considerations, Nicaragua did not participate due to the ongoing civil war, and South Africa was excluded due to its apartheid policies.
Notable flag bearers in the opening ceremony featured the following athletes: seven-time Olympian and Star sailor Hubert Raudaschl (Austria); defending Olympic champions Evelyn Ashford (United States) in the women's 100-metre dash; Jouko Salomaki (Finland) and Vasile Andrei (Romania) in Greco-Roman wrestling; Ernesto Canto (Mexico) in race walking; Agneta Andersson (Sweden) in the women's kayak sprinting; Matija Ljubek in the men's canoe sprinting; and six-time Olympian Reiner Klimke (Federal Republic of Germany), who led the West German team to a gold-medal victory in the equestrian dressage; synchronized swimmers Mikako Kotani (Japan) and Carolyn Waldo (Canada), who eventually topped the podium in both the solo and duet routines; eight-time Olympian and Star sailor Durward Knowles (the Bahamas); eventual gold medalists Ulf Timmermann (German Democratic Republic) in the men's shot put and Aleksandr Karelin (Soviet Union) in the super heavyweight Greco-Roman wrestling; five-time track sprinter and Moscow 1980 champion Pietro Mennea (Italy); long-distance runner Grete Andersen-Waitz (Norway), who bagged a silver medal in the inaugural women's marathon four years earlier; and world-number-three tennis player Gabriela Sabatini (Argentina) in the women's singles.

## List

The following is a list of each country's announced flag bearer. The names are given in their official designations by the IOC.
Some differences occurred between the official placard displays and the official announcements:
* A number of designations were abbreviated on the placards, but announced in full.
** The United States delegation was announced as "the United States of America" and appeared on the placard as "U.S.A.".
** The Soviet Union delegation was abbreviated in both the announcements and the placard.
* South Yemen's delegation was announced as "Yemen Democratic Republic", but appeared on the placard as "Dem. Rep. of Yemen".
* Egypt's delegation was announced as the "Arab Republic of Egypt", but appeared on the placard as "Egypt".
* The Central African Republic delegation was announced as "Central African Republic", but appeared on the placard as "Central Africa".
* Côte d'Ivoire's delegation was announced as "Ivory Coast", but appeared on the placard as "Côte d'Ivoire".
* Congo's delegation was announced as "People's Republic of Congo", but appeared on the placard as "Congo".
* Fiji's delegation was announced as "Fiji Islands", but appeared on the placard as "Fiji".
| Order | Nation | Hangul | Roman transliteration | Flag bearer | Sport |
| 1 | Greece (GRE) | 그리스 | Geuriseu | Babis Kholidis | Wrestling |
| 2 | Ghana (GHA) | 가나 | Gana | John Myles-Mills | Athletics |
| 3 | Gabon (GAB) | 가봉 | Gabong | Gisèle Ongollo | Athletics |
| 4 | Guyana (GUY) | 가이아나 | Gaiana | Alfred Thomas | Boxing |
| 5 | Gambia (GAM) | 감비아 | Gambia | Dawda Jallow | Athletics |
| 6 | Guatemala (GUA) | 과테말라 | Gwatemalla | Carlos Silva | Shooting |
| 7 | Guam (GUM) | 괌 | Gwam | Ricardo Blas | Judo |
| 8 | Grenada (GRN) | 그레나다 | Geurenada | Agnes Griffith | Athletics |
| 9 | Guinea (GUI) | 기니 | Gini | Ousmane Diallo | Wrestling |
| 10 | Equatorial Guinea (GEQ) | 적도 기니 | Jeokdo Gini | Manuel Rondo | Athletics |
| 11 | Nigeria (NGR) | 나이지리아 | Naijiria | Yusuf Alli | Athletics |
| 12 | Netherlands (NED) | 네덜란드 | Nedeollandeu | Eric Swinkels | Shooting |
| 13 | Nepal (NEP) | 네팔 | Nepal | Krishna Bahadur Basnet | Athletics |
| 14 | Norway (NOR) | 노르웨이 | Noreuwei | Grete Andersen-Waitz | Athletics |
| 15 | Papua New Guinea (PNG) | 파푸아뉴기니 | Papua-Nyugini | Pinye Malaibi | Weightlifting |
| 16 | New Zealand (NZL) | 뉴질랜드 | Nyujillandeu | Ian Ferguson | Canoeing |
| 17 | Niger (NIG) | 니제르 | Nijereu | Hassan Karimou | Athletics |
| 18 | Denmark (DEN) | 덴마크 | Denmakeu | Anne Grethe Jensen | Equestrian |
| 19 | Dominican Republic (DOM) | 도미니카 공화국 | Dominika Gonghwaguk | Juan Núñez | Athletics |
| 20 | German Dem. Rep. (GDR) | 독일 민주 공화국 | Dogil Minju Gonghwaguk | Ulf Timmermann | Athletics |
| 21 | F. R. of Germany (FRG) | 독일 연방 공화국 | Dogil Yeonbang Gonghwaguk | Reiner Klimke | Equestrian |
| 22 | Laos (LAO) | 라오스 | Raoseu | Sitthixay Sacpraseuth | Athletics |
| 23 | Liberia (LBR) | 라이베리아 | Raiberia | Samuel Birch | Athletics |
| 24 | Lebanon (LIB) | 레바논 | Rebanon | Toni Khouri | Official |
| 25 | Lesotho (LES) | 레소토 | Resoto | Noheku Nteso | Athletics |
| 26 | Rumania (ROM) | 루마니아 | Rumania | Vasile Andrei | Wrestling |
| 27 | Luxembourg (LUX) | 룩셈부르크 | Ruksembureukeu | Roland Jacoby | Shooting |
| 28 | Rwanda (RWA) | 르완다 | Reuwanda | Mathias Ntawulikura | Athletics |
| 29 | Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (LBA) | 리비아 | Ribia | Said Farouk Al-Turki | Athletics |
| 30 | Liechtenstein (LIE) | 리히텐슈타인 | Rihitensyutain | Yvonne Elkuch | Cycling |
| 31 | Malawi (MAW) | 말라위 | Mallawi | George Mambosasa | Athletics |
| 32 | Malaysia (MAS) | 말레이시아 | Malleisia | Nordin Mohamed Jadi | Athletics |
| 33 | Mali (MLI) | 말리 | Malli | Mamadou Keita | Judo |
| 34 | Mexico (MEX) | 멕시코 | Meksiko | Ernesto Canto | Athletics |
| 35 | Monaco (MON) | 모나코 | Monako | Stéphane Operto | Cycling |
| 36 | Morocco (MAR) | 모로코 | Moroko | Faouzi Lahbi | Athletics |
| 37 | Mauritius (MRI) | 모리셔스 | Morisyeoseu | Navind Ramsaran | Wrestling |
| 38 | Mauritania (MTN) | 모리타니 | Moritani | Oumar Samba Sy | Wrestling |
| 39 | Mozambique (MOZ) | 모잠비크 | Mojambikeu | Sergio Fafitine | Swimming |
| 40 | Maldives (MDV) | 몰디브 | Moldibeu | Hussein Haleem | Athletics |
| 41 | Malta (MLT) | 몰타 | Molta | Joanna Agius | Archery |
| 42 | Mongolia (MGL) | 몽고 | Monggo | Badmaanyambuugiin Bat-Erdene | Judo |
| 43 | U.S.A. (USA) | 미국 | Miguk | Evelyn Ashford | Athletics |
| 44 | Vanuatu (VAN) | 바누아투 | Banuatu | Olivette Daruhi | Athletics |
| 45 | Bahrain (BRN) | 바레인 | Barein | Ahmed Hamada Jassim | Athletics |
| 46 | Barbados (BAR) | 바베이도스 | Babeidoseu | Elvis Forde | Athletics |
| 47 | Bahamas (BAH) | 바하마 | Bahama | Durward Knowles | Sailing |
| 48 | Bangladesh (BAN) | 방글라데시 | Banggeulladesi | Bazlur Mohamed Rahman | Swimming |
| 49 | Burma (BIR) | 버마 | Beoma | Latt Zaw | Boxing |
| 50 | Bermuda (BER) | 버뮤다 | Beomyuda | Clarence Saunders | Athletics |
| 51 | Virgin Isl. (ISV) | 버진 제도 | Beojin Jedo | Robert Fellner | Taekwondo |
| 52 | British Virgin Isl. (IVB) | 영국령 버진 제도 | Yeonggungnyeong Beojin Jedo | Willis Todman | Athletics |
| 53 | Benin (BEN) | 베냉 | Benaeng | Félicite Bada | Athletics |
| 54 | Venezuela (VEN) | 베네수엘라 | Benesuella | Elizabeth Popper | Table tennis |
| 55 | Vietnam (VIE) | 베트남 | Beteunam | Nguyễn Đình Minh | Athletics |
| 56 | Belgium (BEL) | 벨기에 | Belgie | Dirk Crois | Rowing |
| 57 | Belize (BIZ) | 벨리즈 | Bellijeu | Fitzgerald Joseph | Cycling |
| 58 | Botswana (BOT) | 보츠와나 | Bocheuwana | Shakes Kubuitsile | Boxing |
| 59 | Bolivia (BOL) | 볼리비아 | Bollibia | Katerine Moreno | Swimming |
| 60 | Burkina Faso (BUR) | 부르키나파소 | Bureukinapaso | Sounaila Sagnon | Boxing |
| 61 | Bhutan (BHU) | 부탄 | Butan | Pema Tshering | Archery |
| 62 | Bulgaria (BUL) | 불가리아 | Bulgaria | Vasil Etropolski | Fencing |
| 63 | Brazil (BRA) | 브라질 | Beurajil | Walter Carmona | Judo |
| 64 | Brunei Darussalam (BRU) | 브루나이 | Beurunai | | |
| 65 | American Samoa (ASA) | 미국령 사모아 | Migungnyeong Samoa | Maselino Masoe | Boxing |
| 66 | Western Samoa (SAM) | 서사모아 | Seo-Samoa | Henry Smith | Athletics |
| 67 | Saudi Arabia (KSA) | 사우디아라비아 | Saudiarabia | Salah Al-Mar | Official |
| 68 | Cyprus (CYP) | 사이프러스 | Saipeureoseu | Mikhalakis Tymbios | Shooting |
| 69 | San Marino (SMR) | 산마리노 | Sanmarino | Dominique Canti | Athletics |
| 70 | El Salvador (ESA) | 엘살바도르 | Elsalbadoreu | Gustavo Manzur | Wrestling |
| 71 | Senegal (SEN) | 세네갈 | Senegal | Amadou Dia Bâ | Athletics |
| 72 | St. Vincent & the Grenadines (VIN) | 세인트빈센트 그레나딘 | Seinteubinsenteu Geurenadin | Orde Ballantyne | Athletics |
| 73 | U.S.S.R. (URS) | 소련 | Soryeon | Alexander Karelin | Wrestling |
| 74 | Somalia (SOM) | 소말리아 | Somallia | Aboukar Hassan Adani | Athletics |
| 75 | Solomon Isl. (SOL) | 솔로몬 제도 | Sollomon Jedo | Gustave Mansad | Chef de mission |
| 76 | Sudan (SUD) | 수단 | Sudan | Omer Khalifa | Athletics |
| 77 | Surinam (SUR) | 수리남 | Surinam | Realdo Jessurun | Cycling |
| 78 | Sri Lanka (SRI) | 스리랑카 | Seurirangka | Daya Rajasinghe Nadarajasingham | Shooting |
| 79 | Swaziland (SWZ) | 스와질란드 | Seuwajillandeu | Sizwe Sydney Mdluli | Athletics |
| 80 | Sweden (SWE) | 스웨덴 | Seuweden | Agneta Andersson | Canoeing |
| 81 | Switzerland (SUI) | 스위스 | Seuwiseu | Cornelia Bürki | Athletics |
| 82 | Syria (SYR) | 시리아 | Siria | Hafez El-Hussein | Athletics |
| 83 | Sierra Leone (SLE) | 시에라리온 | Sierarion | Baba Ibrahim Suma-Keita | Athletics |
| 84 | Singapore (SIN) | 싱가포르 | Singgaporeu | Ang Peng Siong | Swimming |
| 85 | United Arab Emirates (UAE) | 아랍에미리트 | Arap-Emiriteu | Sultan Khalifa | Cycling |
| 86 | Aruba (ARU) | 아루바 | Aruba | Bito Maduro | Judo |
| 87 | Argentina (ARG) | 아르헨티나 | Areuhentina | Gabriela Sabatini | Tennis |
| 88 | Iceland (ISL) | 아이슬란드 | Aiseullandeu | Bjarni Friðriksson | Judo |
| 89 | Haiti (HAI) | 아이티 | Aiti | Deborah Saint Phard | Athletics |
| 90 | Ireland (IRL) | 아일랜드 | Aillaendeu | Wayne McCullough | Boxing |
| 91 | Afghanistan (AFG) | 아프가니스탄 | Apeuganiseutan | Mohammad Razigul | Wrestling |
| 92 | Andorra (AND) | 안도라 | Andora | Josep Graells | Athletics |
| 93 | Antigua (ANT) | 안티과 | Antigwa | Jocelyn Joseph | Athletics |
| 94 | Netherlands Antilles (AHO) | 네덜란드령 안틸레스 | Nedeollandeuryeong Antilleseu | Jan Boersma | Sailing |
| 95 | Algeria (ALG) | 알제리 | Aljeri | Noureddine Tadjine | Athletics |
| 96 | Angola (ANG) | 앙골라 | Anggolla | João N'Tyamba | Athletics |
| 97 | Spain (ESP) | 에스파냐 | Eseupanya | Infanta Cristina | Sailing |
| 98 | Ecuador (ECU) | 에콰도르 | Ekwadoreu | Liliana Chalá | Athletics |
| 99 | Great Britain (GBR) | 영국 | Yeongguk | Ian C.B. Taylor | Field hockey |
| 100 | Dem. Rep. of Yemen (YMD) | 예멘 민주 공화국 | Yemen Minju Gonghwaguk | Sahim Saleh Mehdi | Athletics |
| 101 | Yemen Arab Rep. (YAR) | 예멘 아랍 공화국 | Yemen Arap Gonghwaguk | Abdullah Al-Shamsi | Wrestling |
| 102 | Oman (OMA) | 오만 | Oman | Abdul Latif Al-Bulushi | Shooting |
| 103 | Australia (AUS) | 오스트레일리아 | Oseuteureillia | Ric Charlesworth | Field hockey |
| 104 | Austria (AUT) | 오스트리아 | Oseuteuria | Hubert Raudaschl | Sailing |
| 105 | Honduras (HON) | 온두라스 | Onduraseu | Santiago Fonseca | Athletics |
| 106 | Jordan (JOR) | 요르단 | Yoreudan | Muneir Al-Masri | Wrestling |
| 107 | Uganda (UGA) | 우간다 | Uganda | Patrick Lihanda | Boxing |
| 108 | Uruguay (URU) | 우루과이 | Urugwai | Jesús Posse | Rowing |
| 109 | Yugoslavia (YUG) | 유고슬라비아 | Yugoseullabia | Matija Ljubek | Canoeing |
| 110 | Iraq (IRQ) | 이라크 | Irakeu | Abdul Wahab Ali | Table tennis |
| 111 | Egypt (EGY) | 이집트 | Ijipteu | Mohamed Khorshed | Shooting |
| 112 | Italy (ITA) | 이탈리아 | Itallia | Pietro Mennea | Athletics |
| 113 | India (IND) | 인도 | Indo | Kartar Dhillon Singh | Wrestling |
| 114 | Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) | 이란 | Iran | Mohamed Reza Tupchi | Wrestling |
| 115 | Indonesia (INA) | 인도네시아 | Indonesia | Tonny Maringgi | Table tennis |
| 116 | Japan (JPN) | 일본 | Ilbon | Mikako Kotani | Synchronized swimming |
| 117 | Israel (ISR) | 이스라엘 | Iseura'el | Itzhak Yonassi | Shooting |
| 118 | Jamaica (JAM) | 자메이카 | Jameika | Merlene Ottey | Athletics |
| 119 | Zaire (ZAI) | 자이르 | Jaireu | Dikanda Diba | Athletics |
| 120 | Zambia (ZAM) | 잠비아 | Jambia | Samuel Matete | Athletics |
| 121 | Central Africa (CAF) | 중앙아프리카 | Jung'ang-Apeurika | Fidèle Mohinga | Boxing |
| 122 | P. R. of China (CHN) | 중화 인민 공화국 | Junghwa Inmin Gonghwaguk | Song Tao | Basketball |
| 123 | Djibouti (DJI) | 지부티 | Jibuti | Hussein Ahmed Salah | Athletics |
| 124 | Zimbabwe (ZIM) | 짐바브웨 | Jimbabeuwe | James Gombedza | Athletics |
| 125 | Chad (CHA) | 차드 | Chadeu | Paul Ngadjadoum | Athletics |
| 126 | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 체코슬로바키아 | Chekoseullobakia | Imrich Bugár | Athletics |
| 127 | Chile (CHI) | 칠레 | Chille | Gert Weil | Athletics |
| 128 | Cameroon (CMR) | 카메룬 | Kamerun | Frédéric Ebong-Salle | Athletics |
| 129 | Qatar (QAT) | 카타르 | Katareu | Mohamed Al-Kaabi | Sailing |
| 130 | Canada (CAN) | 캐나다 | Kaenada | Carolyn Waldo | Synchronized swimming |
| 131 | Kenya (KEN) | 케냐 | Kenya | Patrick Waweru | Boxing |
| 132 | Cayman Isl. (CAY) | 케이맨 제도 | Keiman Jedo | Alfred Ebanks | Cycling |
| 133 | Costa Rica (CRC) | 코스타리카 | Koseutarika | Sigrid Niehaus | Swimming |
| 134 | Cote D'Ivoire (CIV) | 코트디부아르 | Koteudibuareu | Clement N'Goran | Tennis |
| 135 | Colombia (COL) | 콜롬비아 | Kollombia | Jorge Molina | Shooting |
| 136 | Congo (CGO) | 콩고 | Konggo | Jean-Didiace Bémou | Athletics |
| 137 | Kuwait (KUW) | 쿠웨이트 | Kuweiteu | Jasem Al-Dowaila | Athletics |
| 138 | Cook Islands (COK) | 쿡 제도 | Kuk Jedo | William Taramai | Athletics |
| 139 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 차이니스 타이페이 | Chainiseu Taipei | Lee Fu-an | Athletics |
| 140 | Thailand (THA) | 타이 | Tai | Somchai Chanthavanich | Shooting |
| 141 | Tanzania (TAN) | 탄자니아 | Tanjania | Ikaji Salum | Athletics |
| 142 | Turkey (TUR) | 터키 | Teoki | Necmi Gençalp | Wrestling |
| 143 | Togo (TOG) | 토고 | Togo | Akossi Gnalo | Athletics |
| 144 | Tonga (TGA) | 통가 | Tongga | Siololovau Ikavuka | Athletics |
| 145 | Tunisia (TUN) | 튀니지 | Twiniji | Sofiane Ben Letaief | Table tennis |
| 146 | Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) | 트리니다드 토바고 | Teurinidadeu Tobago | Ian Morris | Athletics |
| 147 | Panama (PAN) | 파나마 | Panama | Manuel Gutiérrez | Swimming |
| 148 | Paraguay (PAR) | 파라과이 | Paragwai | Ramón Jiménez Gaona | Athletics |
| 149 | Pakistan (PAK) | 파키스탄 | Pakiseutan | Nasir Ali | Field hockey |
| 150 | Peru (PER) | 페루 | Peru | Rodrigo Ranguna | Official |
| 151 | Portugal (POR) | 포르투갈 | Poreutugal | João Rebelo | Shooting |
| 152 | Poland (POL) | 폴란드 | Pollandeu | Bogdan Daras | Wrestling |
| 153 | Puerto Rico (PUR) | 푸에르토리코 | Puereutoriko | Jesús Feliciano | Baseball |
| 154 | France (FRA) | 프랑스 | Peurangseu | Philippe Riboud | Fencing |
| 155 | Fiji (FIJ) | 피지 | Piji | Sharon Pickering | Swimming |
| 156 | Finland (FIN) | 핀란드 | Pillandeu | Jouko Salomäki | Wrestling |
| 157 | Philippines (PHI) | 필리핀 | Pillipin | Joseph Eric Buhain | Swimming |
| 158 | Hungary (HUN) | 헝가리 | Heonggari | István Vaskuti | Canoeing |
| 159 | Hong Kong (HKG) | 홍콩 | Hongkong | Liu Fuk Man | Table tennis |
| 160 | Korea (KOR) | 대한민국 | Daehan Minguk | Cho Yong-chul | Judo |