OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# David Guthrie Freeman

David Guthrie Freeman (6 September 1920 – 28 June 2001) was an American badminton player from California who became an icon in the sport's history.

## Early life

Freeman was born on September 6, 1920, in Pasadena, the son of Robert Freeman, a Presbyterian minister, and Margery Fulton, professor of religion. In 1938 he graduated from Pasadena JC and in 1942 got his B.A. at Pomona College. He entered Harvard Medical School in 1942 and completed its accelerated war-time curriculum in 1945.

## Badminton career

During his teenage years Freeman demonstrated exceptional ability in tennis, table tennis, and, particularly, badminton. From early in 1939, at the age of eighteen, through his final tournament match fourteen years later, Freeman was undefeated in badminton singles competition. Displaying his characteristic quickness, agility, and shot-making precision, Freeman won the prestigious All-England Championship on his only try (1949) and remains the sole American to win the men's singles there. In this one-time-only badminton stint in Europe he also won Thomas Cup singles matches against eventual champion Malaya, and captured the Danish Open. In all, he won three matches each against Ooi Teik Hock and the formidable Wong Peng Soon.
After apparently retiring from badminton in 1950 to concentrate on a career in neurosurgery, Freeman made a brief comeback in 1953. He won the four tournaments that he entered which concluded with the U.S. National Championships in Boston, and a victory in the same hall where he had last lost a singles match fourteen years earlier. He is the only American born male to be inducted into both the U.S. and World Badminton Halls of Fame.

## Personal life

Freeman married his wife Addie in 1942 and they had two sons (Rees and Dave) and a daughter (Diana Peterson).

## Death

Freeman died on 28 June 2001, at San Diego Hospice. He was 80 and had Merkle cell carcinoma.

## Major achievements in badminton

| Tournament | Event | Year |
| U.S. Championships | Men's Singles | 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1947, 1948, 1953 |
| U.S. Championships | Men's Doubles | 1940, 1941, 1942, 1947, 1948 |
| U.S. Championships | Mixed Doubles | 1940, 1941, 1942 |
| All-England Championships | Men's Singles | 1949 |
| Danish Open | Men's Singles | 1949 |
| Toronto Invitational | Men's Singles | 1953 |

## Tennis and other sports

Freeman's racket sport exploits were not limited to badminton. He won the U.S. Junior Tennis Championship in 1938, defeating Welby Van Horn in the final, and with Bill Talbert was the runner-up in U.S. men's doubles in 1943. Additionally he won the U.S. Army Tennis Championship in 1947; the New England Squash title in 1945; and a variety of table tennis tournaments.

### Grand Slam finals
#### Doubles (1 runner-up)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 1943 | U.S. Championships | Grass | Bill Talbert | Jack Kramer Frank Parker | 2–6, 4–6, 4–6 |
# Elmira, Oregon

Elmira is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lane County, Oregon, United States. It is located west of Eugene and north of Veneta and Oregon Route 126, near the Long Tom River and Fern Ridge Reservoir.

## History

The community was named after Elmira, California, after previously having the name "Duckworth". A local business owner persuaded postal authorities to rename the community "Elmira" in 1884.
In approximately 1905, Elmira Road and the surrounding area was homesteaded by Henry and Celia Faulhaber along with their children Leon, Neil and Mildred. Sometime between 1905 and 1916 Elmira Road was donated back to the county by Henry Faulhaber and later renamed Faulhaber Road.

## Education

Elmira is served by the Fern Ridge School District (28J), which has four traditional schools, Elmira Elementary School, Veneta Elementary School, Fern Ridge Middle School, and Elmira High School, and an online charter high school, West Lane Technical Learning Center.

## Notable residents

* Milt Davis (1929–2008), All Pro defensive back for the Baltimore Colts of the NFL; college professor
# Cecil Upshaw

Cecil Lee Upshaw Jr. (October 22, 1942 – February 7, 1995) was an American professional baseball right-handed relief pitcher, who had a nine- year career in Major League Baseball (MLB) (1966–1969, 1971–1975), for the Atlanta Braves and Houston Astros of the National League (NL), and the Cleveland Indians, New York Yankees, and Chicago White Sox of the American League (AL).
Born in Spearsville, Louisiana, Upshaw attended Bossier High School (Louisiana) and played college baseball at Centenary College of Louisiana, in Shreveport. He is a member of the Centenary Athletics Hall of Fame. While at Centenary, Upshaw was a member of Kappa Sigma fraternity.
Upshaw was among the top ten in saves four times in the National League between 1968 and 1972. He was primarily a sidearm pitcher.
In the Braves’ division-winning 1969 campaign, Upshaw had a 6–4 win–loss record, with a 2.91 earned run average (ERA), and a career-high 27 saves (to finish second in the league).
Upshaw‘s career was cut short due to an unfortunate incident in 1970. He and two other Braves players were walking down a San Diego sidewalk and one of the other players bet him he could not jump up and touch an overhead awning. Upshaw did reach the awning, but a ring on his pitching hand became caught on a projection sticking out from the awning which tore ligaments in his hand. He never fully recovered, but was considered one of the better relief pitchers in major league baseball up to that time.
Upshaw was traded four times within a span of two years, including at two consecutive Winter Meetings. First, from the Braves to the Astros for Norm Miller on April 22, 1973. Then, from the Astros to the Indians for Jerry Johnson on December 3, 1973. He was acquired along with Chris Chambliss and Dick Tidrow by the Yankees from the Indians for Fritz Peterson, Steve Kline, Fred Beene and Tom Buskey on April 26, 1974. The Yankees were criticized for giving away four pitchers as opposed to the two it got in return and a failure to land a starting second baseman. Finally, from the Yankees to the White Sox for Eddie Leon on December 5, 1974.
Upshaw finished his career with 87 saves. He had a career ERA of 3.13. Upshaw pitched 563 career innings, in 348 games.
On February 7, 1995, Upshaw died at age 52 as the result of a heart attack in Lawrenceville, Georgia.
# Andrew Hunt (painter)

Andrew Hunt (1791–1861) was a British landscapist and teacher of drawing.

## Biography

Hunt was born on 17 June 1791 at Erdington, near Birmingham, England to Josiah Hunt and Sarah Barnes. He received his first instruction in art from Samuel Lines, the engraver. He had considerable technical ability, and was distinguished even at that early date by his warm admiration for Turner. Being dependent on art for his livelihood, he started a drawing school and "artists repository" on Bold Street in Liverpool, which was well patronized by the great families of the district.
He was a man of generous and amiable disposition, qualities which his more famous son Alfred William Hunt amply inherited from him. Andrew, David Cox (the elder) and his son would go on painting trips where both friends would admire Alfred's precocious talents. He was unwilling to let his son become an artist and arranged for him to join Oxford University where he eventually read classics at Corpus Christi College.
He was elected an associate of the Liverpool Academy in 1843, and a leading member in 1850. His landscapes were painted in oil mostly, and represent views in Cheshire or North Wales, with occasional diversions into Ireland.
He married Sarah Ann Sanderson of London, England on 13 October 1813 at St Bartholomew's Church in Edgbaston, a suburb of Birmingham, England. The couple went to reside at Liverpool where they had a large family, Alfred being his seventh child (and only surviving son), and all were to a greater or less extent practiced in drawing. One daughter, Maria, was well known as a painter of fruit and flower subjects.
The Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool contains these 5 works by Andrew Hunt:
* Sefton Mill and Church (1841)
* Cornfield With Figures
* Wallasey Pool from the Seacombe Shore (1840)
* Sefton Church
* The North Shore: Estuary of the Mersey
Andrew Hunt exhibited regularly at the Liverpool Academy where his landscapes were much admired, and three of his works were exhibited at the Society of British Artists and two at the Royal Academy in the 1850s. x. He maintained a friendship with artist David Cox the elder throughout his life.
He died on 22 July 1861 leaving over £50,000 (£3,020,850 in 2017 money). He was buried on 26 July 1861 at Toxteth Park Cemetery.

## Legacy

* '`The North Shore or Estuary of the River Mersey" is at the Walker Gallery in Liverpool.
* Children Playing at Jink-Stones
* The Butterfly Hunt
Several of his children and grandchildren became artists. Notably his son, Alfred William Hunt who is known for his watercolors and his granddaughter, Jessie Macgregor (-1919), who also has paintings in the Walker Gallery.
# Saint Helena at the Commonwealth Games

The British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, simply known as "Saint Helena", the most populous region in the territory, has competed in five Commonwealth Games. The first was in 1982, after which they were absent from the Games for sixteen years, before returning in 1998. They have competed in every subsequent Games to date. Saint Helena has never won a medal at the Commonwealth Games.
Athletes from Ascension Island have participated on the Saint Helena Commonwealth Games team in the past, while Tristan da Cunha is not known to have ever sent any athletes.
The territory changed its name in 2009 — previously it was known as "St Helena and Dependencies". The remoteness of the territory and lack of transport links to the rest of the world has made it difficult for teams to reach the Commonwealth Games.
# Carl Kinscherf

Carl Raymond Kinscherf (1919-2006) was a professional American football player from New Jersey. Kinscherf played fullback, defensive back, and punter for the New York Giants in the National Football League (NFL) during the 1943 and 1944 seasons. He tied the NFL record for most punts in a game (14) while competing against the Detroit Lions on November 7, 1943. (While competing for the Oakland Raiders, Leo Araguz set the current record of 16 punts in a game played against the San Diego Chargers on October 11, 1998.) Playing in the 1944 NFL Championship Game at the Polo Grounds, Kinscherf substituted at fullback.

## Early life and education

Kinscherf was born in Brooklyn, New York, on October 20, 1919, to Richard Kinscherf and Ann Kinscherf, and he grew up in Morristown, New Jersey. In 1938, Kinscherf graduated from the Morristown School (now Morristown-Beard School). Morristown-Beard School elected him to their Athletic Hall of Fame in 1986.
After graduating from high school, Kinscherf attended Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. Competing alongside Andy Rooney, Kinscherf played on the Colgate Raiders football team during the 1940 and 1941 seasons. He wore number 15. Beginning his professional career, Kinscherf played for the Patterson Panthers, a team in the American Association, during the 1942 season.

## Military service and artistic career

Following his time in the NFL, Kinscherf enlisted with the 14th British Army, and he drove an ambulance for the American Field Service in Burma (now Myanmar). Returning from Asia, Kinscherf began working as an architectural artist. Kinscherf designed several buildings in New Jersey, and he created illustrations that accompanied magazine articles. Among other periodicals, Kinscherf created illustrations that ran in Popular Science and Popular Mechanics. His piece titled "Foundation" won an award from the American Watercolor Society.
# United States Military Academy Preparatory School

The United States Military Academy Preparatory School (USMAPS) is a preparatory school for the United States Military Academy (USMA). Located in West Point, New York since 2011, its mission is "to provide academic, military and physical instruction in a moral-ethical military environment to prepare and motivate candidates for success at the United States Military Academy".

## History

Between the two world wars, the U.S. was divided into nine corps areas, and each of these maintained its own preparatory school, all being supervised by the U.S. Military Academy at West Point staff. In June 1946, USMAPS was founded at Stewart Army Air Field in Newburgh, New York. The school was moved to Fort Belvoir, Virginia, in 1957 and to Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, in 1975. USMAPS moved to West Point 18 July 2011, when the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Act closed Fort Monmouth.
The USMAPS official mission is "to provide academic, military and physical instruction in a moral-ethical military environment to prepare and motivate candidates for success at the United States Military Academy."

## Admissions

There are two categories of prep school students: Prior Service (PSs) and Invitational Reservists (IRs).

### Prior Service

Prior Service cadet candidates are current or prior service U.S. Army enlisted soldiers aged 17 to 22 who have been admitted to the U.S. Military Academy but choose to take an additional year at the U.S. Military Academy Preparatory School to review high school academic skills.

### Invitational Reservists

Invitational Reservists are persons who have no prior military experience but have been contingently admitted to the U.S. Military Academy — usually due either to being an intercollegiate athlete or having been nominated by a dignitary — conditioned on their ability to improve their academic performance or physical fitness through a period of enrollment at the preparatory school.
Invitational Reservists are admitted solely for the purpose of attending the prep school and have no deployment obligations beyond the confines of campus. Unlike U.S. Military Academy cadets, they are permitted to unilaterally terminate their military enlistment at their leisure and without incurring any financial obligations or future service commitment. Invitational Reservists are not considered veterans until they matriculate to West Point, enter active duty service, and then subsequently leave active duty service. Time spent as USMAPs by Invitational Reservists is considered training, not active duty service.

#### Criticism of Invitational Reservist program

The Invitational Reservist program has been criticized as a "scam". Writing in the New York Times, Joe Nocera opined that the military prep schools of the various service branches were a way of recruiting academically unqualified student athletes for intercollegiate play.
# Mauritius v United Kingdom

Mauritius v United Kingdom was an arbitration case concerning the status of the Chagos Archipelago and the attempts of the United Kingdom government to create a Marine Protected Area in British Indian Ocean Territory. The dispute was arbitrated by a arbitral tribunal constituted under Annex VII of the 1982 United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea. The Permanent Court of Arbitration was asked on 31 March 2011 to function as registry in the proceedings.

## Disputes over arbiters

In 2011, the government of Mauritius challenged Sir Christopher Greenwood's role in the arbitration proceedings on the grounds that his role as a UK Foreign and Commonwealth legal adviser could bias him in favour of the United Kingdom's claims to the Chagos Islands. However, this was rejected by the tribunal on the basis that this "neither constituted nor continued an already existing relationship."

## Dispute over jurisdiction

On the 15 January 2013, the tribunal released procedural order no. 2. In this order the tribunal rejected a British request that the tribunal should deal with British jurisdictional challenges in a preliminary phase.

## Award of the arbitral tribunal

On the 18 March 2015, the arbitral tribunal ruled that the Chagos Marine Protected Area was "not in accordance with the provisions of the Convention" and declared unanimously that in establishing the MPA surrounding the Chagos Archipelago the United Kingdom had breached its obligations under Articles 2(3), 56(2), and 194(4) of the Convention.
# Joseph Cameron Alston

Joseph Cameron Alston (December 20, 1926 – April 16, 2008) was an American badminton player who won major titles between 1951 and 1967.

## Career

Despite a career in the Federal Bureau of Investigation which sometimes interfered with his avocation, Alston is the only male player to win each of the sport's three basic events, singles, doubles, and mixed doubles, at both the U.S. National Badminton Championships (closed to foreign competition) and the U.S. Open Badminton Championships (open to foreign competition). He and long-time partner Wynn Rogers were ranked number one nationally in men's doubles for fourteen consecutive years (1951–1964). In 1957, Alston won the Men's Doubles at the prestigious All-England Championships with Malaya's Johnny Heah and remains the only American to share this title. Noted for his speed and crisp shotmaking, Alston was a member of seven consecutive U.S. Thomas Cup (Men's International) teams between 1952 and 1970 and played in four inter-zone Thomas Cup campaigns. He was featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated on March 7, 1955. His wife, the former Lois Smedley, was an outstanding badminton competitor in her own right and played on the world champion U.S. Uber Cup (Women's International) team of 1957. Both are members of the U.S. Badminton Hall of Fame, now called the Walk of Fame. One of their sons, Tony Alston, was a leading U.S. player in the 1980s.

## Major Achievements

| Tournament | Event and year |
| US Open | Men's Singles (1955), Men's Doubles (1955, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1967), Mixed Doubles (1954) |
| US Championships | Men's Singles (1951), Men's Doubles (1951, 1952, 1953) Mixed Doubles (1953) |
| All-Englands | Men's Doubles (1957) |
| World Invitational | Men's Singles (1956) |
# Murray Auchincloss

Murray Michael Auchincloss is a Canadian business executive and the chief executive officer of BP. He was its interim CEO from September 2023 to January 2024.
Auchincloss earned BCom degree in finance from the University of Calgary.
Auchincloss qualified as a chartered financial analyst in the United States. From July 2020 to September 2023, he was the chief financial officer (CFO) of BP. He is a director of Aker BP ASA, a main committee member of The 100 Group, and a member of the European Round Table for CFOs.
In September 2023, he was appointed interim CEO of BP, following the sudden resignation of Bernard Looney due to failing to reveal relationships with colleagues. Auchincloss was also reported by The Times to be in a relationship with a colleague. A spokeswoman for BP said that the relationship did not represent a breach of BP’s code of conduct and had been “fully and appropriately disclosed” to the group.
Auchincloss is one of the highest paid executives in the United Kingdom. His 2023 pay packet stood at £8 million ($10 million). His pay for 2023 included a salary of £1.02 million, a bonus of £1.8 million and share-based rewards worth £4.6 million, as well as other benefits.
On February 26, 2025, Auchincloss announced a strategic shift to scale back its renewable energy investments and prioritize oil and gas production, aiming to increase annual fossil fuel investments by 20% to $10 billion while cutting renewables funding by over $5 billion. This decision, driven by pressure from shareholders like Elliot Management for higher profits, drew sharp criticism from environmental groups. Notably, Global Witness, an environmental advocacy organization, drove a lorry through central London displaying messages condemning BP’s move.
# Leslie Wood (footballer)

Thomas Leslie Wood (20 December 1932 – 24 January 2005) was an English footballer. A goalkeeper, he played 33 league games in the Football League, mostly for Barrow. He was also signed to Bolton Wanderers, Huddersfield Town, Port Vale, and Southport.

## Career

Wood played for Woolfold St. James and Bolton Wanderers before joining Huddersfield Town in 1952. The "Terriers" won promotion to the First Division in 1952–53, and made a bid for the Football League title in 1953–54, before falling away in 1954–55. However, manager Andy Beattie was satisfied with the services of regular goalkeepers Harry Mills and Jack Wheeler, and Wood never made his first-team debut at Leeds Road.
Wood spent the 1955–56 season with Barrow, and played 31 Third Division North games for Joe Harvey's struggling "Bluebirds". He left Holker Street and joined Freddie Steele's Second Division side Port Vale for 'a reasonable fee' in June 1956. Working as Ray King's understudy, Wood conceded three goals on his debut against Blackburn Rovers at Vale Park on 12 January 1957. He played just one more game in 1956–57, and was transferred to Southport in January 1958 by new boss Norman Low. He played one Third Division North game for a struggling "Sandgrounders" side in 1957–58. After leaving Haig Avenue, he later turned out for non-League sides Rossendale United and Bolton Road.

## Career statistics

Source:
| Club | Season | Division | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Barrow | 1955–56 | Third Division North | 31 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 34 | 0 |
| Port Vale | 1956–57 | Second Division | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Southport | 1957–58 | Third Division North | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
# The Unnatural and Accidental Women

The Unnatural and Accidental Women is a play by Metis playwright Marie Clements about the disappearance of multiple Indigenous women from the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver whose deaths of extremely high blood-alcohol levels were all caused by one man, Gilbert Paul Jordan.
In an attempt to reclaim the lives and importance of the victims, which was largely ignored by press coverage of the Jordan case, Clements' play is a surrealist exploration that jumps around in time to show the women in the final days before their deaths. Through the figure of the daughter of one of the victims, who is searching for answers to her mother's disappearance, the women are brought back to life and talk about their hopes, desires, and challenges as residents of "Skid Row" in Vancouver.

## Characters

* Rebecca — ages 4 and 30, Mixed blood/Native, a writer
* Rose — age 52, English immigrant
* Aunt Shadie — age 52, Native, later revealed to be Rebecca's mother
* Mavis — age 42, Native
* The Woman — age 27, Native
* Valerie — age 33, Native
* Verna — age 38, Native
* Violet — ages 27 and 5, Mixed blood/Afro-Canadian
* The Barbershop Women: a singing, dancing trio
** Marilyn — age 25, Native
** Penny — age 30, Native
** Patsy — age 40, Native
* The Barber — ages 30s and 60s, white
* Ron — age 35, a cop

## Production history

The Unnatural and Accidental Women premiered on November 2, 2000, and ran until November 25 at the Firehall Arts Centre in Vancouver.
Produced by Native Earth Performing Arts at Buddies in Bad Times Theatre from November 18 to December 5, 2004.
In 2019, as the first presentation of the National Arts Centre's (NAC) Indigenous Theatre department, the NAC staged The Unnatural and Accidental Women. The production was directed by Muriel Miguel and starred PJ Prudat as Rebecca and Monique Mojica as Aunt Shadie. Miguel's production was the second time Mojica had played Aunt Shadie. Colleen Winton, Yolanda Bonnell, Columpa C. Bobb, Cheri Maracle, Nimikii Couchie-Waukey, Lisa Cromarty, Pierre Brault, Olivier Lamarche, Jenifer Brousseau, Soni Moreno, and Kelsey Wavey also appeared in the show.