OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Asian short-toed lark

The Asian short-toed lark (Alaudala cheleensis) is a lark in the family Alaudidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1871. It is found from south-central to eastern Asia.

## Taxonomy and systematics

Formerly or presently, some authorities have considered the Asian short-toed lark to belong to the genus Calandrella or to be a subspecies of the lesser short-toed lark. Alternate names for the Asian short-toed lark include the Asiatic short-toed lark, eastern short-toed lark (a name also used by the steppe greater short-toed lark), grey short-toed lark, Mongolian short-toed lark (not to be confused with the species of the same name, Calandrella dukhunensis), salined lark and salt-marsh lark.
A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020 compared the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from the sand, Asian short-toed, and Mediterranean short-toed larks. The study analysed samples from 130 individuals that represented 16 of the 18 recognised subspecies. The resulting phylogenetic tree indicated that neither the Asian short-toed lark, nor the lesser short-toed lark as currently defined are monophyletic. Most of the subspecies were also found to be non-monophyletic. The authors refrained from proposing a revised taxonomy until additional studies had been completed comparing the vocalizations, sexual behaviour and ecology.

### Subspecies

Six subspecies are recognized:
* A. c. leucophaea - (Severtsov, 1873): Originally described as a separate species in the genus Calandrella. Found from Kazakhstan to Turkmenistan
* A. c. seebohmi - Sharpe, 1890: Originally described as a separate species. Found in north-western China
* A. c. tuvinica - (Stepanyan, 1975): Found in north-western Mongolia and southern Russia
* A. c. cheleensis - R. Swinhoe, 1871: Found in south-central Siberia, north-eastern Mongolia and north-eastern China
* A. c. kukunoorensis - Przewalski, 1876: Found in west-central China
* A. c. beicki - (Meise, 1933): Found in southern Mongolia and north-central China
# Sayadaw

A sayadaw (Burmese: ဆရာတော်, IPA:; lit. 'royal teacher', and alternatively spelled hsayadaw, sayado, sayāḍo or sayāḍaw, Sanskrit : Śārada) is a Burmese Buddhist title used to reference the senior monk or abbot of a monastery. Some distinguished sayadaws would often be referred to as a sayadawgyi (ဆရာတော်ကြီး, as a sign of reverence. The terms "sayadaw" and "sayadawgyi" originally corresponded to the senior monks who taught the former Burmese kings. These sayadaws may be influential teachers of Buddhism and also important meditation practitioners. They usually are abbots of monasteries or monastery networks with many resident monks and a lay following.
In Buddhism in Burma, several honorific terms exist for Buddhist monks, reflecting their achievements and how many vassas they have passed. The most frequently used terms, which are used as prefixes to the monks' Dhamma name, include:
* "Bhaddanta" ဘဒ္ဒန္တ
* "Ashin" အရှင်
* "Shin" ရှင်
* "U" ဦး၊ ဥူး
* "Upazin" ဥပဇင်း
* "Sayadaw" ဆရာတော်
* "Sayadawgyi" ဆရာတော်ကြီး
A sayadaw may be known by his dharma name (ဘွဲ့), a qualified name, or by the name of his monastery. Thus, venerable Mingun Sayadaw, who served as "Chief Respondent" at the Sixth Buddhist council in Yangon, could be addressed as:
* Mingun Sayadaw (in reference to his home monastery at Mingun) မင်းကွန်းဆရာတော်
* U Vicittasarabhivamsa ဦးဝိစိတ္တသာရာဘိဝံသ
* Sayadaw U Vicittasarabhivamsa ဆရာတော်ဦးဝိစိတ္တသာရာဘိဝံသ
* Mingun Sayadaw U Vicittasarabhivamsa မင်းကွန်းဆရာတော်ဦးဝိစိတ္တသာရာဘိဝံသ
* Tipitaka Sayadaw U Vicittasarabhivamsa တိပိဋကဆရာတော်ဦးဝိစိတ္တသာရာဘိဝံသ
* Tipitakadhara Dhammabhandakarika Sayadaw U Vicittasarabhivamsa, တိပိဋကဓရဓမ္မဘဏ္ဍာဓရိကဆရာတော်ဦးဝိစိတ္တသာရာဘိဝ့သ reference to being the first monk to be awarded the titles "Bearer of the Tripiṭaka" and "Treasurer of the Dhamma"

## List of prominent Sayadaws

The following is a list of some prominent sayadaws in recent Burmese history.
* Shwe Nya War Sayadaw
* Sayadaw U Tejaniya
* Ledi Sayadaw
* Mingun Sayadaw
* Mahasi Sayadaw
* Webu Sayadaw
* Mogok Vimala
* Chanmyay Sayadaw
* Thamanya Sayadaw
* Maha Bodhi Ta Htaung Sayadaw
* Ashin Sandadika
* Sitagu Sayadaw
* U Pandita
* Ashin Nandamalabhivamsa
* Thi Lung Sayadaw
* Bhaddanta Āciṇṇa
* Taung Galay Sayadaw
* Ashin Dhammasāmi
# London Black Women's Project

London Black Women's Project (LBWP) is a voluntary sector organization providing support services to BME women in East London. Known as Newham Asian Women's Project (NAWP) until 2017, the organization was established in 1987 to provide women's refuges and other support services to Asian women in the London Borough of Newham.

## Newham Asian Women's Project

Newham Asian Women's Collective (NAWC), a predecessor of NAWP, was established in 1981 to campaign for and support the needs of South Asian women in Newham. NAWC found that racism obstructed access to services for South Asian women experiencing domestic violence. NAWC expanded into neighbouring boroughs in East London, resulting in the founding of East London Asian Women's Group (ELAWG).
In 1987 Newham Asian Women's Project was established, opening a hostel providing emergency accommodation to women and children escaping domestic violence. Gulshun Rehman was one of the founders. NAWP subsequently grew to include a resource centre, refuge and second-stage hostel. In 1997 a counselling service was established for girls and women aged 12 to 55. NAWP offered information, advice, counselling and befriending services in the five major languages of Gujarati, Urdu, Hindi, Punjabi and Bengali. Analysis of the women attending its mental health and counselling support groups showed that three out of five of its clients attempted self-harm. The project's 1998 research report, Growing Up Young, Asian and Female in Britain, aimed to understand why self-harm and suicide were so prevalent among young British Asian women, and make recommendations aimed at improving the situation.

## London Black Women's Project

In 2015 it was agreed to expand the project's provision, and rename the project accordingly, and on International Women's Day 2016 the project was renamed London Black Women's Project.
As part of a nationwide funding crisis for specialist providers of BME refuges, the London Black Women's Project was threatened in 2019 with the loss of its council contract to run Newham's refuges for domestic and sexual violence victims. After protests from local campaigners and women's organizations, the decision was reversed in November 2019, and LBWP's contract was extended for another year.
The organization's patron is the actress and writer Meera Syal.
# Nigeria men's national under-17 basketball team

The Nigeria men's national under-16 basketball team is a national basketball team of Nigeria, administered by the Nigeria Basketball Federation. It represents the country in men's international under-16 basketball competitions.

## FIBA U16 AfroBasket participations

| Year | Result |
| 2009 | |
| 2015 | 5th |
| 2019 | |
# H. Lalzirliana

H. Lalzirliana (born 4 January 1970) is an Indian politician from Mizoram. He is an MLA from Mamit Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribes community, in Mamit District. He won the 2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election, representing the Mizo National Front.

## Early life and education

Lalzirliana is born in Mamit, Mizoram. He is the son of late. H. Thanzauva. He married C. Lalfamkimi and they have two daughters and a son. He completed his B.Tech. in 1996 at North Eastern Regional Institute of Science & Technology.

## Career

Lalzirliana won from Mamit Assembly constituency representing the Mizo National Front in the 2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election. He polled 7,167 votes and defeated his nearest rival, K. Lalthanzama of the Indian National Congress, by a margin of 1,792 votes. He first became an MLA winning the 2018 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election, defeating John Rotluangliana of the Indian National Congress, by a margin of 407 votes.
# Cooper Group

The Cooper Group is a geologic group in South Carolina, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
# Rita Borsellino

Rita Borsellino (Italian pronunciation:; 2 June 1945 – 15 August 2018) was an Italian Sicilian anti-Mafia activist, politician and, between 2009 and 2014, a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Democratic Party.

## Early life

Borsellino was born in Palermo, Sicily, and worked there as a pharmacist. In July 1992 her brother, Judge Paolo Borsellino, and the agents of his escort were killed by the Mafia in a bomb explosion. She began to organise and participate in events such as public debates, rallies and protests against organised crime. These included events in France and Germany, such as an event in 1994 in Paris with the Argentinian organisation Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo.

## Political career

In 1994 she was invited to join Libera, an Italian NGO working against organised crime. In 1995 she became vice-president of the organisation and in 2005 she was named honorary president. Borsellino was also active in the peace movement, attending international peace conferences in 2000 and 2002.
In 1998 she became president of Associazione Piera Cutino, a non-profit foundation that promotes medical research into thalassaemia.

### 2006 regional election

In 2005, some minor parties of The Union, mainly from the radical left wing, endorsed her as their candidate in the primary election for the president of the Sicilian region. She was also backed by the Democrats of the Left, being eventually supported by all the coalition parties, except the Daisy (Margherita) who presented another candidate. In the primary election, held on 4 December 2005, she defeated her competitor, and gained the candidacy of The Union for the Sicilian regional election held on 28 May 2006, where she lost to the incumbent governor Salvatore Cuffaro.
Borsellino was the first Sicilian woman nominated for the presidency of the Sicilian region, and also attracted the highest ever number of votes for a candidate from The Union.

### Later elections

In 2008 she ran for the Italian Senate as an independent with The Left – The Rainbow, but was not elected. In 2009 she headed the Sicilian Democratic Party list in the European elections, and subsequently became a Member of the European Parliament (MEP). During her tenure, Borsellino served on the parliamentary committee on civil justice.
On 4 March 2012 Borsellino ran in a centre-left open primary for the seat of Mayor of Palermo, with support from the Democratic Party, Left Ecology Freedom, the Federation of the Left, Federation of the Greens and Italy of Values. She was defeated in the election by independent candidate Fabrizio Ferrandelli.
Borsellino continued to serve as an MEP and was on a special parliamentary commission on organised crime, corruption and money laundering.

## Recognition

In August 2004 Borsellino was awarded the San Lorenzo Prize for her civic contributions. She has received honorary citizenship of Florence, Offanengo, Massa Lombarda and Crevalcore.

## Death

Borsellino died at the Civic Hospital in Palermo on 15 August 2018 after a long illness.
# PFL 8 (2024)

The PFL 8 mixed martial arts event for the 2024 season of the Professional Fighters League was held on August 16, 2024, at Seminole Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Hollywood in Hollywood, Florida, United States. This marked the semi-final playoffs for the Lightweight and Light Heavyweight divisions.

## Background

The event marked the promotion's sixth visit to Hollywood and first since PFL 10 (2021) in October 2021.
The event featured the semifinal of 2024 PFL playoffs in a light heavyweight and lightweight divisions.
A light heavyweight alternate bout between 2021 PFL light heavyweight winner and The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil 3 heavyweight winner Antônio Carlos Júnior and Karl Albrektsson was scheduled for this event. However the week of the event, Albrektsson pulled out due to unknown reasons. Carlos Júnior remained an alternate for the light heavyweight playoffs.
At weigh-ins, Brian Stapleton came in at 160.5 lbs, 4.5 pounds over the lightweight limit. He was fined a percentage of his purse which went to his opponent Biaggio Ali Walsh.

## Results

* ↑ 2024 PFL Light Heavyweight Tournament Semifinal.
* ↑ 2024 PFL Light Heavyweight Tournament Semifinal.
* ↑ 2024 PFL Lightweight Tournament Semifinal.
* ↑ 2024 PFL Lightweight Tournament Semifinal.
* ↑ Stapleton missed weight (160.5 lb).
* ↑ Dayton was deducted one point in round 3 due to grabbing the fence.
* ↑ 2024 PFL Lightweight Tournament Alternate bout.

## Playoff brackets
### 2024 PFL Light Heavyweight playoffs

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | Impa Kasanganay | UD | | |
| 4 | Josh Silveira | 3 | | |
| 4 | Josh Silveira | 3 | 1 | Impa Kasanganay |
| | | | 3 | Dovletdzhan Yagshimuradov |
| 2 | Rob Wilkinson | 3 | 3 | Dovletdzhan Yagshimuradov |
| 3 | Dovletdzhan Yagshimuradov | UD | | |

### 2024 PFL Lightweight playoffs

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | Brent Primus | UD | | |
| 4 | Clay Collard | 3 | | |
| 4 | Clay Collard | 3 | 1 | Brent Primus |
| | | | 2 | Gadzhi Rabadanov |
| 2 | Gadzhi Rabadanov | KO | 2 | Gadzhi Rabadanov |
| 3 | Michael Dufort | 2 | | |
Legend :
| (SD) | (Split Decision) |
| (UD) | (Unanimous Decision) |
| (MD) | (Majority Decision) |
| SUB | Submission |
| (T)KO | (Technical) Knock Out |
| L | Loss |
# Scutiger occidentalis

Scutiger occidentalis is a species of toad found in the Western Himalayas of Pakistan (Gilgit Baltistan) and northwestern India (Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh). It has often been treated as a synonym of Scutiger nyingchiensis (by, e.g., IUCN in 2004), but molecular data show that these species are distinct. It is also known as the Ladakh high altitude toad, Ladakh pelobatid toad, western pelobatid toad, or Asian lazy toad. It is the most western member of its genus.

## Description

A large-sized Scutiger, adult males of S. occidentalis measure 57–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in) and adult females 63–72 mm (2.5–2.8 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is relatively short.
A Gosner stage 25 tadpole measured 8.9 mm (0.4 in) in snout–vent length and 22.5 mm (0.9 in) in total length.

## Habitat and conservation

S. occidentalis inhabits high-mountain regions at elevations between 2,680 and 4,300 m (8,790 and 14,110 ft) above sea level. A tadpole was found from a 0.5-metre deep pool under a waterfall.
As of October 2021, S. occidentalis has only been included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as a synonym of S. nyingchiensis, corresponding to the western part of its range. S. nyingchiensis was assessed as a "least-concern species" in 2004.
# 147th Street (Sibley Boulevard) station

147th Street (Sibley Boulevard) is one of two Metra Electric District stations located on its Main Branch in Harvey, Illinois. The station is located on 147th Street (IL 83, also known as Sibley Boulevard), and Clinton Street, and is 19.0 miles (30.6 km) away from the northern terminus at Millennium Station. In Metra's zone-based fare system, 147th Street-Sibley Boulevard station is in zone 2. As of 2018, the station is the 62nd busiest of Metra's 236 non-downtown stations, with an average of 829 weekday boardings.
The station is named after both of the names for Illinois Route 83 in Harvey; Sibley Boulevard, and 147th Street. The bridge over Route 83 has a clearance of 13 ft 10 in (4.22 m), and part of the waiting room is built underneath the north side of the bridge. A large parking lot exists on the east side of the tracks between 147th Street and the Little Calumet River. A smaller parking lot exists on the southwest corner of Clinton and 146th Streets on the west side of the tracks.

## History

In November 2021, IHC Construction Companies LLC received a $13 million contract to rebuild the station, marking the first major renovation in over thirty years.
The station underwent a $20.8 million renovation from May 16, 2022, to October 28, 2024. Enhancements included the addition of bicycle parking, a kiss-and-ride area, and an elevator to improve accessibility. Construction was originally anticipated to finish in spring 2023.It was ultimately postponed to October 28, 2024, marking the station's reopening.

## Bus connections

Pace
* 350 Sibley
* 352 Halsted
# 14th Place station

14th Place was a rapid transit station on the Chicago "L"'s Douglas Park branch between 1896 and 1951. Constructed by the Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad, it was one of the first stations opened on the branch in April 1896.

## History

The Douglas Park branch opened on April 28, 1896, significantly later than the other branches of the Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad. One of its stations was located on 14th Place.
Douglas service was significantly streamlined on December 9, 1951, part of the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA)'s broader overhaul of the Metropolitan's lines. Skip-stop was instituted on the Douglas and Garfield branches, and several low-performing stations on the Douglas branch were closed, including 14th Place.

### Accidents and incidents

On the night of March 13, 1897, two men attempted to kill Thomas H. Tyrrell, the station agent at 14th Place. They fired a bullet at Tyrrell's head, but a wire in the agent booth's screen caught and split it. Tyrrell survived, but the bullet cut his left ear and the left side of his face was powder burned. This incident was thought to be retaliation for an incident two days prior, in which one of the assailants demanded money from Tyrrell but fled when Tyrrell produced a revolver.

## Station details
### Design and infrastructure

The 14th Place station was similar to other stations on the Douglas branch, with a brick Craftsman-style station house at street level. It had two wooden side platforms with cast-iron canopies with hipped roofs of corrugated, in common with the other stations on the Metropolitan's lines.

### Ridership

Ridership at 14th Place peaked at 467,877 passengers in 1907, a year that also saw the peak of every stations' ridership between 12th and Hoyne, inclusive. Ridership last exceeded 400,000 passengers in 1911, 300,000 in 1926, 200,000 in 1930, and 100,000 in 1948.
In its last full year of operation, 1950, 14th Place served 57,484 riders, a decline of 42.47 percent from the 99,926 in 1949. For the part of 1951 it was open, the station had a ridership of 40,752. Its 1951 performance made it the lowest-ridership station on the branch except for Central Park, which opened on December 9 alongside the station's closure, and Kenton, which had no direct street access and served a railway instead of an actual street.
# Curtis Reid (cricketer)

Curtis Alexander Reid (16 July 1836 – 1 July 1886) was an Australian cricketer and umpire who umpired the historic first Test match in Melbourne in 1877.

## Family

Reid was born to Scottish immigrants Lieutenant-Doctor David Reid, RN, and his wife Agnes née Dyce. His brothers included pastoralists and politicians Robert and David. Reid married Sophie Dight (1843–1923) on 14 August 1862. Their son, Curtis Arthur Reid (1876–1912), a surveyor, played Australian rules football at the highest level in Perth (with Rovers Football Club and East Fremantle Football Club) and in Melbourne (with Melbourne Football Club).

## Life and career

Reid umpired the inaugural Test between Australia and England in Melbourne on 15 to 19 March 1877. His umpiring colleague was Ben Terry.
Earlier, as a player, Reid was a left-hand batsman and right-arm bowler who played three matches for Victoria from 1869 to 1871. He took 16 wickets at an average of 10.87, with figures of 6 for 64 and 6 for 5 against Tasmania in 1870–71. Less successful with the bat, he scored 12 runs in 5 innings.
He was a winemaker, producing wine at Tarrawingee, Victoria, under the Reidsdale label, until 1874.
Reid was appointed secretary of the Melbourne Cricket Club in 1878, the club's first secretary to be paid. He was also one of the first cricket journalists in Australia.
# 2016 ACC women's soccer tournament
## Qualification

The top eight teams in the Atlantic Coast Conference earned a berth into the ACC Tournament. The quarterfinal round is held at campus sites, with the semifinals and final held at MUSC Health Stadium in Charleston, SC.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals Sunday, October 30 | Quarterfinals Sunday, October 30 | Quarterfinals Sunday, October 30 | Semifinals Friday, November 4 | Semifinals Friday, November 4 | Semifinals Friday, November 4 | Final Sunday, November 6 | Final Sunday, November 6 | Final Sunday, November 6 |
| 1 | Notre Dame | 1 | | | | | | |
| 8 | NC State | 0 | | | | | | |
| 8 | NC State | 0 | 1 | Notre Dame | 1 | | | |
| | | | 4 | North Carolina | 2 | | | |
| 4 | North Carolina | 3 | 4 | North Carolina | 2 | | | |
| 5 | Virginia | 0 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Virginia | 0 | | | | 4 | North Carolina | 0 (3) |
| | | | | | | 6 | Florida State | 0 (4) |
| 2 | Clemson | 1 (5) | | | | | | | 6 | Florida State | 0 (4) |
| 7 | Miami | 1 (4) | | | | | | |
| 7 | Miami | 1 (4) | 2 | Clemson | 0 | | | |
| | | | 6 | Florida State | 1 | | | |
| 3 | Duke | 1 (2) | 6 | Florida State | 1 | | | |
| 6 | Florida State | 1 (3) | | | | | | |

## All-Tournament team

| Player | Team |
| Catrina Atanda | Clemson |
| Kaleigh Olmstead | Notre Dame |
| Lindsey Harris | North Carolina |
| Annie Kingman | North Carolina |
| Bridgette Andrzejewski | North Carolina |
| Julia Ashley | North Carolina |
| Kirsten Crowley | Florida State |
| Megan Connolly | Florida State |
| Cassie Miller | Florida State |
| Natalia Kuikka | Florida State |
# Marc Aspland

Marc Aspland is an English photographer who works for The Times newspaper in London where he shoots sports photography.

## Information

Aspland has won prizes for some of his photography including a Special Award at the 2005 Sports Photographer of the Year.
In 2014, Aspland was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of The Royal Photographic Society.
# Kauaʻi ʻelepaio

The Kauaʻi ʻelepaio (Chasiempis sclateri) is a monarch flycatcher found on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai. It numbered 40,000 around 1970, but declined by half in the 1990s. Whether this fluctuation is natural and thus the birds' numbers will rebound or whether it signifies a novel threat remains to be seen. However, it seems the birds are making a recovery, as population density on the Alakai plateau has increased by 13% in recent years.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The Kauaʻi ʻelepaio was formerly considered as a subspecies of the Hawaii ʻelepaio (Chasiempis sandwichensis sclateri) until reclassified as a separate species in 2010.

## Description

This is the most distinct ʻelepaio; adult birds have their head and back gray, with a white supercilium, a rusty-red breast and a white underside. Young birds are uniformly rusty above and white below. Wings and tail are alike in all subspecies, but the young individuals of sclateri have the white stippling of the wings replaced by rusty coloration too.
# Henrik Svenungsson

Lars Henrik Sigfrid Svenungsson (30 May 1933 - 6 December 2017) was a Swedish prelate of the Church of Sweden who was Bishop of Stockholm between 1988 and 1998 and later chaplain of the Royal Household from 1997 till 2007.

## Biography

Svenungsson was born on 30 May 1933 in Gothenburg, Sweden, the son of governor Gunnar Svenungsson. He was ordained priest on 20 December 1959 in Kalmar. Throughout his priestly work, he worked for ecumenism and international cooperation. Since the beginning of the 1970s, Svenungsson had been involved in the ecumenical work in Europe, including in the European Church Conference where he has been a member of the Central Committee for some time. In 2003, he received the Luminosa Award for Unity for his long-standing pioneering work from the international Focolare Movement to create and maintain a good ecumenical dialogue between representatives of different Christian church traditions.
He was elected Bishop of Stockholm in 1988 and was consecrated by Archbishop Bertil Werkström of Uppsala on 9 October 1988. He retained the post till 1998. A year before his retirement he was appointed Chaplain of the Swedish Royal Household. In 1999 he was awarded the H. M. The King's Medal.