OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dermodactylus

Dermodactylus (meaning "skin finger", from Greek derma and daktylos, in reference to pterosaur wings being skin membranes supported by the ring fingers) was a genus of pterodactyloid (general term for "short-tailed" pterosaur) pterosaur from the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian-age Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Wyoming, United States. It is based on a single partial bone, from the hand.

## History and classification

Dermodactylus is based on a single distal right fourth metacarpal found by Samuel Wendell Williston at Como Bluff, Wyoming in 1878; this bone is currently housed in the collections of the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History in New Haven, Connecticut (YPM 2020). This bone constituted at the time the oldest pterosaur remains found, recognized, and described from North America. Othniel Charles Marsh first named it as a species of Pterodactylus: P. montanus, the specific name meaning "from the mountains" in Latin, but soon changed his mind and gave it a new generic name. At the same time he assigned another wing bone, teeth, vertebrae, and a scapulacoracoid to it, but this material is probably too large to belong to the type individual.
Its place within the Pterosauria is uncertain, beyond the Pterodactyloidea. The material it is based on is too meager for further classification (although Carpenter et al.. [2003] note that the shape of the bone's articular end means that it did not belong to an ornithocheirid, a type of short-tailed pterosaur that often had a head crest and/or large teeth), or for adding additional remains to the genus with any certainty, and so it is now regarded as a dubious pterodactyloid. It was not even mentioned in the most recent major popular work on pterosaurs.

## Paleobiology

Marsh suggested it had a wingspan of 1.5-1.8 meters (5–6 feet), but this is including the material excluded by Peter Wellnhofer, who estimates the wingspan of the only known individual at 1 meter (3.28 feet). John Foster estimates its weight at 3.3 kilograms (7.3 pounds). It would probably have been a small aerial carnivore.
# Jean-Claude Creusot

Jean-Claude Creusot (born 24 May 1826, Ferdrupt) was a French cotton spinner active in the workers' movement in Rouen.
Jeaqn Claude was the son of André Cresot, a day labourer and Marie Rose Perron. He married Zoé Henriette Peltier in Rouen on 23 February 1852. They had a daughter, Marie Henriette Creusot, who also became a spinner.
Creusot was active in the International Workingmen's Association and attended the Basle Congress (1869) as a delegate of the Federation. On 31 August 1870 he was sentenced to 3 months in prison for participating in an unauthorised organisation of over 20 people, but was then given an amnesty when the French Third Republic was declared a few days later on 4 September. He then joined the Comité de Vigilance.
He was active in the Federation of Rouen Workers and on 24 April 1871 joined them in issuing a manifesto supporting the Paris Commune. He was arrested the next day for this. However it was never established whether he had done so. Later he retired to Saint-Amé, Vosges.
# Jean Stefancic

Jean Stefancic is an American legal academic, Professor and Clement Research Affiliate at the University of Alabama. She has written numerous books with her husband Richard Delgado.

## Life

Stefancic received a BA from Maryville College and an MA from the University of San Francisco. She taught at the University of Pittsburgh for five years, during which she was a research professor of law and a Derrick Bell scholar. She spent ten years at the University of Colorado law school. There she was on the advisory committee of the Center of the American West and affiliated with the Latino/a Research & Policy Center. She became a research professor of law at Seattle University law school, before moving to the University of Alabama in 2013.

## Works

* (with Richard Delgado) Failed revolutions: social reform and the limits of legal imagination. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1994.
* (with Richard Delgado) No mercy: how conservative think tanks and foundations changed America's social agenda. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996. Foreword by Mark Tushnet.
* (ed. with Richard Delgado) Critical white studies: looking behind the mirror. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1997.
* (with Richard Delgado) Must we defend Nazis? : hate speech, pornography, and the new First Amendment. New York: New York University Press, 1997.
* (ed. with Richard Delgado) The Latino/a condition: a critical reader. New York : New York University Press, 1998.
* (with Richard Delgado) Critical race theory: an introduction. New York: New York University, 2001. Foreword by Angela Harris.
* (with Richard Delgado) Understanding words that wound. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 2004.
* (with Richard Delgado) How lawyers lose their way: a profession fails its creative minds. Durham: Duke University Press, 2004.
* (ed. with Richard Delgado) The Derrick Bell reader. New York: New York University Press, 2005.
* (ed. with Adrien Katherine Wing) The law unbound! A Richard Delgado reader. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers, 2007.
* ' Terrace v. Thompson and the Legacy of Manifest Destiny', 12 Nev. L.J. 532 (2012).
# Devalatti

Devalatti is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
# Frontier Rangers

Frontier Rangers is a 1959 film composed of 3 episodes of the TV series Northwest Passage, The Gunsmith, The Bond Women, and The Burning Village (83 mn) (1959).
The film focuses on Major Robert Rogers along with his two other Rangers who were hunting a French and Indian War Spy.

## Reception

According to MGM records the movie earned $650,000 outside the US and Canada resulting in a profit of $159,000.
# Desco da parto (Masaccio)

This painting, also commonly known as The Berlin Tondo, is a desco da parto, or birth tray, painted by the Italian Renaissance artist Masaccio. Stylistic analysis shows similarities with his San Giovenale Triptych, an early work of the painter from 1422, and the birth tray is dated a short time after it at around 1423. With the frame around it, the tondo has a diameter of 66 cm.

## Top side

The upper side of the tray shows a scene soon (probably a few days) after the actual birth of a child. It takes place on the ground floor of a well-to-do contemporary house, a palace with white and black stone facings in a very modern style for Tuscan architecture. There is an arcade of round arches on Corinthian columns leading to a garden, with a courtyard at left, where the banners attached to the trumpets giving a fanfare inform us that the event takes place in Florence: a red lily on white ground. A cutaway view, removing the bedroom wall nearest the viewer, is used; Giotto and others had used this compositional device.
Three ladies and two widows or nuns in the arcade are just arriving, while two men on the far left stand holding gifts, one is holding a birth tray. The two hired trumpeters will announce the ceremonial presentation of these gifts, presumably after the female visitors are all assembled.
Visits by female friends and relations to the mother in the prolonged "lying-in" period after a birth were an important social occasion. The mother lies in her bed, perhaps still exhausted, or greeting the half-visible woman entering the room. Inside the bedroom are four women who care for her and the child, who is wrapped in white cloth swaddling with a piece of coral hung around its neck as a dummy, and for later use in teething.
Many birthing trays had scenes of the visits to the new mother, but these, though using contemporary costume and an elevated social setting, were often lightly disguised as the Birth of the Virgin or that of John the Baptist, the patron saint of Florence. This tray is unusual in apparently making no attempt to suggest a setting in Biblical times.

## Reverse

On the reverse side of the tray is a painting of a naked baby boy, a common feature of birthing trays, probably exposed during the pregnancy to encourage the birth of a healthy boy. He is in a meadow playing with a cat (possibly a dog).
It has similarities with the Christ child in the Juvenal triptych. Usually the reverse face is of a simpler design than the upper side and shows the family coat of arms; here there was one, or the two parental ones, at the top but the paint has largely gone in that area.
The art historian Luciano Bellosi saw the back, with a less accomplished style, as painted by Massaccio's younger brother Giovanni di ser Giovanni Guidi (called "Lo Scheggia"), whose workshop specialized in birthing trays. But the nature of a reverse may account for the discrepancy.
# Jeantes

Jeantes (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## History

It has been concluded that the area was occupied during the Gallic and Gallo-Roman times due to remains found nearby. The names "Jantha" or "Janta-Curtis" were used during the 12th century. In the 17th century, under the lordship of the Clairfontaine Abbey, the village (at the time named "Jeante-la-Ville") belonged to the Counts of Apremont until the French Revolution.

## Places

The village contains the Church of St. Martin, a fortified church that has been classified as a Monument Historique since 1987. The church is visited by many tourists, but particularly Dutch people.
# From the Earth to the Moon (disambiguation)

From the Earth to the Moon is a science fiction novel by Jules Verne.
From the Earth to the Moon may also refer to:
* From the Earth to the Moon (film), a 1958 adaptation of the novel
* From the Earth to the Moon (miniseries), a 1998 television miniseries about the U.S. Apollo Moon missions
# Desisa lunulatoides

Desisa lunulatoides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1968.
# List of English ministries

This is a list of the ministries, in the sense of successive governments, of the Kingdom of England before its Union with the Kingdom of Scotland in the year 1707.

## Ministries of Charles II and James II: 1660–1688

* Clarendon ministry (1660–1668)
* Cabal ministry (1668–1674)
* First Danby ministry (1674–1679)
* Privy Council ministry (1679)
* Ministry of the Chits (1679–1688)

## Ministries of William III and Mary II: 1689–1694

* Carmarthen–Halifax ministry (1689–1690)
* Carmarthen ministry (1690–1694)

## Ministries of William III: 1694–1702

* First Whig Junto (1694–1699)
* Pembroke ministry (1699–1702)

## Ministries of Anne: 1702–1707

* Godolphin–Marlborough ministry (1702–1708) (continued in the new Kingdom of Great Britain)
# Friedrich Küchenmeister

Gottlieb Heinrich Friedrich Küchenmeister (22 January 1821, Buchheim (now Bad Lausick) – 13 April 1890 Dresden) was a German physician.

## Life

Küchenmeister studied medicine in Leipzig and Prague, and in 1846 he became a general practitioner in Zittau. In 1847 he married, and in 1856 he moved to Dresden. He conducted research on tapeworms, trichinosis, and other parasites and wrote about it several works. He was also publisher of the Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Epidemiologie (General Journal of Epidemiology). In 1852, his theory that bladder-worms are juvenile tapeworms gained the attention of the medical profession. In the later 1850s, he carried out an experiment demonstrating this by feeding pork containing cysticerci of Taenia solium to a prisoner awaiting execution, and after they had been executed, he recovered the developing and adult tapeworms in their intestines. By the middle of the 19th century, it was established that cysticercosis was caused by the ingestion of the eggs of T. solium.
Küchenmeister was an advocate of cremation, as he saw the risk of soil contamination in the putrefaction and decomposition products that occur after burial. In Dresden, he founded the group The Urn: Association for Facultative Cremation. In 1876, he took part in the first European Congress of the Friends of Cremation, also in Dresden.
# Devil's Playground

Devil's Playground may refer to:

## Films

* The Devil's Playground (1917 film), an American drama film directed by Harry McRae Webster
* The Devil's Playground (1928 film), an Australian silent drama film directed by Victor A. Bindley
* The Devil's Playground (1937 film), an American drama directed by Erle C. Kenton
* The Devil's Playground (1946 film), a drama starring William Boyd as Hop-Along Cassidy
* The Devil's Playground (1976 film), an Australian semi-autobiography by Fred Schepisi
* Devil's Playground (2002 film), a documentary by Lucy Walker about the Amish period called Rumspringa
* Devil's Playground (2010 film), a British horror film directed by Marc McQueen

## Other

* Devil's Playground (TV series), a 2014 TV series, which is a sequel to the 1976 Australian film
* Devil's Playground (album), a 2005 album by Billy Idol
* "Devil's Playground", a song from The Flower Kings' 2002 album Unfold the Future
* Da Devil's Playground: Underground Solo, a 1999 album by Koopsta Knicca
* The Devil's Playground, a 2004 novel by Stav Sherez
* Devils Playground, an area within the Mojave Desert
* A flat, nearly straight section of the Pikes Peak Highway, above treeline, that is a lightning hotspot.
* "Devil's Plaything", a song from Danzig's 1990 album Danzig II: Lucifuge
* Judge Dredd: Crime Chronicles - The Devil's Playground, an audio play by Big Finish Productions
# List of English auxiliary verbs

This is a list of English auxiliary verbs, i.e. helping verbs, which include Modal verbs and Semi-modal verbs. See also auxiliary verbs, light verbs, and catenative verbs.
# List of English and British monarchs

List of English and British monarchs may refer to:
* List of English monarchs (927–1707)
* List of British monarchs (1707–present)
# Jaya Savige

Jaya Savige (born 1978) is an Australian poet.

## Biography

Born in Sydney in 1978, Savige grew up in Queensland, on Bribie Island and in Brisbane, boarding at St Joseph's College, Nudgee. He attended the University of Queensland, where, after withdrawing from an LLB/BCom, he received a University Medal for his B.A. honours thesis in English on Shakespeare and Keats. In 2006 he completed an MPhil under the supervision of Bronwyn Lea.
His first collection of poetry, Latecomers (2005), was awarded the NSW Premier's Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry and the Thomas Shapcott Poetry Prize. From 2006 to 2011, he was poetry editor of the Australian Literary Review, the literary supplement to The Australian newspaper. Since 2010, he has been poetry editor for The Australian.
As of 2008, Savige was a Gates Scholar at the University of Cambridge, Christ's College. His second collection of poems, Surface to Air, was published in late 2011. Jaya Savige is a lecturer in English and head of creative writing at New College of the Humanities.

## Published books

* Change Machine (University of Queensland Press, 2020, ISBN 978-0-7022-6286-9
* Maze Bright (Vagabond Press, 2014)
* Surface to Air (University of Queensland Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-7022-3913-7)
* Latecomers (University of Queensland Press, 2005, ISBN 978-0-7022-3519-1)

## Awards

* Queensland Premier's Award for a work of State Significance and the Judith Wright Calanthe Award for a Poetry Collection, 2021, shortlisted for Change Machine
* NSW Premier's Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry, 2021, shortlisted for Change Machine
* The Age Poetry Book of the Year, 2012, shortlisted for "Surface to Air"
* West Australian Premier's Poetry Prize, 2012, shortlisted for "Surface to Air"
* ALS Gold Medal, 2012, longlisted for "Surface to Air"
* NSW Premier's Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry, 2006, winner for Latecomers
* Dame Mary Gilmore Prize, 2006, highly commended for Latecomers
* Judith Wright Calanthe Award for poetry, 2006, shortlisted for Latecomers
* [Judith Wright Prize], 2006, shortlisted for Latecomers
* Arts Queensland Thomas Shapcott Poetry Prize, 2004, winner for Latecomers
* Arts Queensland Val Vallis Award, 2003, winner for Skirmish Point
# Destot's sign

Destot's sign is a clinical sign in which a superficial haematoma is seen above the inguinal ligament in the groin, over the scrotum or perineum, or in the upper thigh. It can occur in patients with pelvic fracture.
# Front of Shamyl

The Imam Shamil Front is a militant organization in Dagestan led by Gadzhi Makhachev which supports the cause of the Avar ethnic group, competing with the interest of Kumyk movements. The larger Avar movement had split into the Shamyl front and the Union of Avar Jamaat.
# Front of house

In the performing arts, the front of house (FOH) is the part of a performance venue that is open to the public. In theatres and live music venues, it consists of the auditorium, and foyers, as opposed to the front stage and backstage areas. In a theatre, the front of house manager is responsible for welcoming guests, refreshments, and making sure the auditorium is set out properly. By contrast, back of house (BOH) refers to any operations that are not visible to the audience, such as props management, costume design, stage set fabrication, lighting control, and other support functions.
Both terms are also used in the restaurant, hospitality, and retailing industries. "Back of house" refers to any work operations that do not have direct customer contact. Examples include cooking, dishwashing, cleaning, shipping and receiving, maintenance and repairs, accounting, and other indirect support tasks which are not usually visible to customers.

## Live venues

Sound operators, excluding the monitor engineers, are normally positioned in a small sectioned-off area front-of-house, surrounded by the audience or at the edge of the audience area. From this position they have unobstructed listening and a clear view of the performance, enabling the operation of the main speaker system, show control consoles and other equipment. In this case "Front of House" can refer to both the general audience/public area or to the specific small section from where the show is mixed.
The front-of-house speakers are the main speakers that cover the audience, and the front-of-house desk is the desk that generates the front-of-house audio mix. In smaller venues the front-of-house desk may also produce foldback (monitor) mixes for the monitor speakers onstage, whereas in larger venues there will normally be a second mixing desk for monitor control positioned just off the side of the main stage. The audio engineer that designs the front-of-house sound system and puts it into place for the show/event is the system engineer, and this role is often separate from the person who operates the mixing desk who is often employed by the band directly on larger tours or employed by the venue for smaller tours. The touring engineer is usually assisted by a house sound engineer (employed by the venue) who will be familiar with the installed system of the venue.
In stage lighting, any lighting fixtures that are on the audience side of the proscenium arch are referred to as being FOH. The lighting operator may also be located in the audience area as well, but are often in a lighting booth.
This term can also refer to the individuals whose primary work is dealing with patrons, including house managers, ticket vendors, bartenders, merchandise vendors, ushers, and museum attendants.
# Jayanta Chattopadhyay

Jayanto Chattopadhyay (born 28 July 1946) is a Bangladeshi actor and reciter. He studied English literature from Calcutta University. He portrayed the famous character Misir Ali in a television drama named Trishna.

## Works
### Films

* Adam Surat (1989)
* Kittonkhola (2000)
* Matir Moina (2002) (The Clay Bird)
* Adhiar (2003)
* Joyjatra (2004)
* Ontarjatra (2006)
* Nirontor (2006)
* Banshi (2007)
* Noy Number Bipod Sanket (2007)
* The Last Thakur (2008)
* Runway (2010)
* Opekkha (2010)
* Ghetuputra Komola (2012)
* Pita - The Father (2012)
* Shikhandi Kotha (2013)
* Sutopar Thikana (2015)
* Death of a Poet (2017)
* Matir Projar Deshe (2018)
* Padmar Prem (2019)
* Kagojer Phul (TBA)
* Amar Ache Jol (2008)
* Krishnopokkho (2016)
* Birotto (2022)

### Drama serials

* Bishaash (2010)
* Kala Koitor (2012)

### Dramas

* Trishna
* Lilaboti
* Khela

### Web series

| Year | Title | OTT | Director |
| 2020 | Contract | ZEE5 | Tanim Noor |
| 2020 | Ladies and Gentlemen | ZEE5 | Mostofa Sarwar Farooki |
| 2022 | Karagar | Hoichoi | Syed Ahmed Shawki |
# Desktop notes

Desktop notes are computer applications that allow putting Post-it note-like windows on the screen, with reminders, short notes and other clippings. They are typically rectangular and yellow, like their physical counterpart, but most applications support other colours and more elaborate designs.
The earliest-known desktop note application is "Note pad" made for the GEOS system for the Commodore 64 in 1985. For the Macintosh, the Stickies application was developed by Jens Alfke and included in System 7.5, released in 1994. A number of applications have duplicated the functionality of Stickies on other platforms.
macOS has its own built-in desktop note functionality with the Stickies application and, from Mac OS X Tiger through macOS Mojave, with Dashboard, an application that has notes and other desktop widgets.
On Microsoft Windows, desktop note applications have been included by default since Windows Vista, which has the Notes "gadget". It is used as part of Windows Sidebar. As Microsoft states in its description, "Notes" can be used to "Capture ideas, notes and remainders in a quick and easy way." On Windows 7, the successor to Vista, this functionality is replaced by a stand-alone application called Sticky Notes, in which the notes can be freely repositioned on the screen. Third-party desktop note applications such as ShixxNOTE offer more options than Sticky Notes.
On Linux, desktop notes have existed for a long period of time. The GNOME desktop environment has a built in "sticky notes" feature available, whereas KDE (K Desktop Environment) has a desktop notes application called Knote.
# Jeffers Mound

Jeffers Mound is a Hopewell tradition Native American burial mound in Worthington, Ohio. The mound is all that remains of the ceremonial Worthington Earthworks site built between 100 B.C. and 400 A.D. The mound is named after Herman Plesenton Jeffers, who owned the land the mound is situated on before its transfer to the Worthington Historical Society.
Ownership of the site has changed since the early 1800s. In 1804, William Vining purchased 203 acres of land known today as the Plesenton subdivision, which included the site of Jeffers Mound. The area was farmed for decades, resulting in the degradation of the site's smaller mounds. In 1921, Herman Plesenton Jeffers purchased the Plesenton subdivision and made plans for the area to be developed - however, the area around Jeffers Mound was excluded from development. Finally, in 1974, the Herman Plesenton Jeffers Trust donated the site to the Worthington Historical Society for its preservation.
Near Jeffers Mound is a set of markers that reveal the footprint of a previously existing rectangular structure.
Jeffers Mound was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974, the same year that the site was donated to the Worthington Historical Society. The site has also been designated as a Remarkable Ohio historical site by Ohio History Connection, Ohio's historical society.

## Gallery

* A view of Jeffers mound in the winter; the Ohio History Connection marker is visible in the foreground
* View from above of markers that show the footprint of a rectangular wooden structure near Jeffers Mound
* 1848 map of the Worthington Earthworks, published by Charles Whittlesey
# Helena Wong

Helena Wong may refer to:
* Helena Wong (weightlifter) (born 1988), Singapore weightlifter
* Helena Wong (politician) (born 1959), Hong Kong politician, former member of the Hong Kong Legislative Council