OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# De moribus tartarorum, lituanorum et moscorum

De moribus tartarorum, lituanorum et moscorum ("On the Customs of Tatars, Lithuanians and Muscovites") is a 16th-century Latin treatise by Michalo Lituanus ("Michael the Lithuanian"). The work, which was originally dedicated to King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund II Augustus, survived only in ten fragments that were first published in 1615 by Johann Jacob Grasser in Basel, Switzerland.

## Content

The treatise is thought to date from around 1550: the author's ideas and writing style show the clear influence of humanism.
While the treatise contains some useful historical information, this should be treated with care. The work is neither a chronicle nor a travel book, but rather a political essay which is critical of the author's motherland (Grand Duchy of Lithuania) and overly praises Muscovy and the Crimean Khanate for their centralized governments and united subjects. The author examines the reasons behind Lithuania's decreasing power and influence, criticises the nobility and high Catholic officials, and advocates for a strong centralized government. He further idealizes the era of Vytautas the Great, when the ruling class supposedly did not pursue self-interests, and instead served the state.
Michalo supports the theory that the Lithuanian nation was founded by the legendary dynasty of the Palemonids from the late Roman Empire, and he proposes introducing Latin as the Grand Duchy's official language, thereby restoring forgotten ancestral traditions. As proof of the similarity between Lithuanian and Latin, Michalo includes a list of 74 words that are similar in the two languages. He also compares ancient Roman traditions with pagan Lithuanian customs.

## Author

The identity of the author – also known as Mykolas Lietuvis, Michalo Lituanus, Michałon (Michalon) Litwin, and Michalo the Lithuanian – is not known. In the book's title his name is given in the genitive as "Michalonis Lithuani" ("Michael the Lithuanian").
Modern historians, including (Lithuanian) Ignas Jonynas and (Russian) Matvey Lubavsky, have identified the author as Michał Tyszkiewicz, the Lithuanian envoy to the Crimean Tatars in 1537–1539. However, Tyszkiewicz was an Eastern Orthodox while "Michalonis Lithuani" identified himself as a Catholic.
Polish historian Jerzy Ochmański [pl] has proposed notary Vatslav Nikolayevich (Vaclovas Mikalojaitis or Wacław Nikołajewicz, c. 1490 – c. 1560) from Maišiagala. Nikolayevich began to serve Grand Chancellor of Lithuania Albertas Goštautas around 1526. In 1528 and from 1534 until his death, he was a secretary at the Grand Duke's Chancery. He was an envoy of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to Moscow in 1537 and 1555–1556, and to Crimea in 1543.
# Comephorus dybowskii

Comephorus dybowskii, the little Baikal oilfish, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cottidae, the typical sculpins. This fish is endemic to Lake Baikal in Russia.
# 2017 in television

2017 in television may refer to
* 2017 in American television for television-related events in the United States.
** List of 2017 American television debuts for television debut related events in the United States.
* 2017 in Australian television for television-related events in Australia.
* 2017 in British television for television-related events in Great Britain.
** 2017 in Scottish television for television-related events in Scotland.
* 2017 in Canadian television for television-related events in Canada.
* 2017 in Danish television for television-related events in Denmark.
* 2017 in Estonian television for television-related events in Estonia.
* 2017 in German television for television-related events in Germany.
* 2017 in Indian television for television-related events in India.
* 2017 in Irish television for television-related events in Ireland.
* 2017 in Italian television for television-related events in Italy.
* 2017 in Japanese television for television-related events in Japan.
* 2017 in Mexican television for television-related events in Mexico.
* 2017 in Pakistani television for television-related events in Pakistan.
* 2017 in Philippine television for television-related events in the Philippines.
* 2017 in Portuguese television for television-related events in Portugal.
* 2017 in South African television for television-related events in South Africa.
* 2017 in South Korean television for television-related events in South Korea.
# Kappa Sculptoris

The Bayer designation Kappa Sculptoris (κ Scl, κ Sculptoris) is shared by two star systems, κ¹ Sculptoris and κ² Sculptoris, in the constellation Sculptor. They are separated by 0.53° in the sky.
* κ$^1$ Sculptoris (HR 24), binary containing two F-type giants
* κ$^2$ Sculptoris (HR 34), K-type giant
# Stereocaulon myriocarpum

Stereocaulon myriocarpum is a species of snow lichen belonging to the family Stereocaulaceae.

## Ecology

Stereocaulon myriocarpum is a known host to the lichenicolous fungus species:
* Arthonia stereocaulina
* Endococcus nanellus
* Polycoccum trypethelioides
# Koloni

Koloni is a village and administrative centre (chef-lieu) of the commune of Niantaga in the Cercle of Koutiala in the Sikasso Region of southern Mali. The village is 45 km north-northeast of Koutiala.
The French explorer René Caillié stopped at Koloni on 21 February 1828 on his journey to Timbuktu. He was travelling with a caravan transporting kola nuts to Djenné. In his book Travels through Central Africa to Timbuctoo published in 1830 he wrote:
   At ten in the morning we arrived at Coloni, a little village situated in a beautiful, fertile and well cultivated plain, surrounded by a great number of large bombases. ... The village of Coloni, which is surrounded by two mud walls, contains a population of about four hundred, consisting of Foulahs, Bambaras, and Mandingoes: it is shaded by large mimosas and some bombaces.
# Ernest Mtawali

Ernest Mtawali, also known as Ernest Chirwali, (born October 10, 1966) is a retired Malawian football (soccer) midfielder.
Mtawali initially played for Hardware Stars in his home country. In South Africa he played for Welkom Real Hearts, Bloemfontein Celtic, Sundowns FC, Orlando Pirates, Hellenic FC and Ajax Cape Town. He also had stints with Newell's Old Boys in Argentina, Toulouse FC in France, Al-Wehda in Saudi Arabia and also represented his country's national team.
He is also reported to have played in the Italian third division, under a false name in order to evade a FIFA ban on players who had played in Apartheid-era South Africa.
He was appointed as caretaker manager of the Malawi national team in June 2015.
# Julius von Hann

Julius Ferdinand von Hann (23 March 1839 in Wartberg ob der Aist near Linz – 1 October 1921 in Vienna) was an Austrian meteorologist. He is seen as a father of modern meteorology.

## Biography

He was educated at the gymnasium of Kremsmünster and then studied mathematics, chemistry and physics at the University of Vienna, then geology and paleontology under Eduard Suess and physical geography under Friedrich Simony. From 1865 to 1868, he was master at the Oberrealschule at Linz, and in 1865 was invited by Karl Jelinek to become the first editor of the Zeitschrift für Meteorologie. In 1877, he succeeded Jelinek as the director of the Meteorologische Zentralanstalt (Central Institute for Meteorology and Earth Magnetism) and was appointed professor of meteorology at the University of Vienna. In 1897, he retired as director and became professor of meteorology at the University of Graz, but returned to Vienna to fill the chair of professor of cosmic physics in 1900, where he remained until 1910. He became an international honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1902. In 1912, he was made a foreign knight of the Prussian Ordre Pour le Mérite.

## Hann window

Hann invented a weighted moving average technique for combining meteorological data from neighboring regions, using the weights [1/4, 1/2, 1/4], known as Hann smoothing.
In signal processing, the Hann window is a window function, called the Hann function, derived from this technique by R. B. Blackman and John Tukey in 1959. Here, the use of the Hann window is called "hanning", e.g., "hanning" a signal is to apply the Hann window to it.

## Works

* Die Erde als Ganzes, ihre Atmosphäre und Hydrosphäre, 1872, 5th edition 1896
* Handbuch der Klimatologie, first issued 1883, revised editions until 1911
** Handbook of Climatology. Part I. General Climatology. Macmillan. 1903; translated by Robert DeCourcy Ward{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
* Atlas der Meteorologie, 1887
* Allgemeine Erdkunde. Ein Leitfaden der astronomischen Geographie, Meteorologie, Geologie und Biologie, 5th edition 1896
* Lehrbuch der Meteorologie, 1901, 3rd edition 1915
He contributed many papers to the Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
# Longchamp, Côte-d'Or

Longchamp (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.
# De moribus tartarorum

De moribus tartarorum (On the Custom of Tatars) may refer to one of the following treatises:
* De moribus tartarorum, lituanorum et moscorum by Michalon Lituanus
* De moribus tartarorum. Itinerarium orientis by William of Rubruck
# Commander of the Air Force

Commander of the Air Force may refer to:
* Commander of the Air Force (Azerbaijan)
* Commander of the Brazilian Air Force
* Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force
* Commander of the Air Force (Egypt)
* Commander of the Ethiopian Air Force
* Commander of the Israeli Air Force
* Commander of the People's Liberation Army Air Force
* Commander of the Royal Netherlands Air Force
* Commander of the Air Force (Sri Lanka)
* Commander of Royal Air Force (Saudi Arabia)
* Commander of the Turkish Air Force
* Commander of the Air Force (Ukraine)
* Commander of the Air Force (Zimbabwe)
# Elsinore (comics)

Elsinore is an American comic book published by Devil's Due Productions. It is written by Ken Lillie-Paetz
Elsinore tells the tale of Murchison, a disgraced doctor who was recruited by the titular asylum in order to help prevent the apocalypse. The series was slated to run for nine issues and eventually be collected into a trade paperback. Only five issues were ever published. Issue five shipped in February 2006. Mark Sparacio did the art on issue five under the Devil's Due publishing house.

## History

The comic was originally published by Alias Comics, but moved to their current publisher as of issue 4. While at Alias, the book was pencilled by Brian Denham. Denham also submitted a few pages to issue 4 (amid an array of guest artists), as well as covers to issues 4 and 5. While additional material was completed by Brian Denham, Mark Sparacio and Kelly Mellings based on the script by Ken Lillie-Paetz, the story remains unfinished.
In the first two issues, two pages were printed incorrectly, leaving the lettering out entirely. In issue 1, this didn't affect the plot. But did affect giving some insight to the main character of Dr. Murchison (who was not introduced until page 17 of issue 1). In #2, however, a key plot point was missing in the dialogue. To make up for this, and to encourage new readers to pick up the book after its transition to Devil's Due, the publisher made the first three issues available for free online. Online editions of Elsinore 1-5 are available at www.pullboxonline.com and at www.wowio.com
The electronic-industrial band Weave composed a companion soundtrack for Elsinore called Cell 29A. Additionally, Weave's video for their song “While i Bern Their Bodies Kleen” features characters from Elsinore.
# Stenoma crambina

Stenoma crambina is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by August Busck in 1920. It is found in Mexico.
The wingspan is 25–33 mm. The forewings are stone white with a brownish tint suffused on the dorsal third and along the veins with dark fuscous. There is a black dot at the end of the cell and a series of very indistinct marginal dark fuscous dots along the terminal edge. The hindwings are very pale yellowish fuscous (nearly white), somewhat darker toward the apex and with a thin brownish line in the white cilia.
# Došen Duliba

Došen Duliba is an uninhabited settlement in Croatia.
* This Croatian geography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Julius von Ficker

Julius Ficker or Julius von Ficker or Johann Kaspar Julius Ficker von Feldhaus (30 April 1826 – 10 June 1902) was a Roman Catholic German historian. In 1898 he was awarded the Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts.

## Career

Born at Paderborn, Ficker studied history and law at Bonn, Münster, and Berlin, and during 1848-49 lived in Frankfurt, where he was closely associated with the noted historian Johann Friedrich Böhmer, who proved himself a generous friend and patron. In 1852 he proceeded to Bonn, but shortly afterwards accepted an invitation from Count Leopold Thun-Hohenstein, the reorganizer of the Austrian system of education, to settle at Innsbruck as professor of general history. In 1863, however, he joined the faculty of jurisprudence, and his lectures on political and legal history drew around him a large circle of devoted and admiring pupils. In 1866 he was elected member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, but retired, after being ennobled by the Emperor of Austria, Franz Joseph, in 1879.

## The Sybel-Ficker controversy

During the period 1859–1866, triggered by the publication of Giesebrecht's Geschichte der deutschen Kaiserzeit, he was engaged in a literary controversy with the historian Heinrich von Sybel on the significance of the Holy Roman Empire. Ficker advocated and defended the theory that Austria, on account of its blending of races, was best fitted as successor of the old empire to secure the political advancement of both Central Europe and of Germany. In support of his theory, he wrote Das deutsche Kaiserreich in seinen universalen und nationalen Beziehungen (Innsbruck, 1861), and Deutsches Königtum und Kaisertum (Innsbruck, 1862). As legatee of Böhmer's literary estate, he published the Acta Imperii selecta (Innsbruck, 1870) and directed the completion and revision of the Regesta Imperii.

## Death and legacy

Julius von Ficker died in Innsbruck in 1902, aged 76. His sons were also prominent. Ludwig von Ficker (1880–1967) was a publisher and essayist who promoted and published the work of his friend, Georg Trakl. Heinrich von Ficker (1881–1957) was a meteorologist, geophysicist and explorer. Rudolf von Ficker (1886–1954) was a musicologist.

## Works

Ficker's numerous and important works extend over three branches of scientific history: political and legal history and the science of diplomatics. In each division he discovered new methods of investigation. Among his writings those of especial note are:

### Political history

* Rainald von Dassel, Reichskanzler und Erzbischof von Köln (Cologne, 1850)
* Münsterische Chroniken des Mittelalters (Münster, 1851)
* Engelbert der Heilige, Erzbischof von Köln (Cologne, 1853)
* Die Überreste des deutschen Reichsarchivs in Pisa (Vienna, 1855).

### Legal history

* Über einen Spiegel deutscher Leute (Vienna, 1857)
* Über die Entstehungszeit des Sachsenspiegels (Innsbruck 1859)
* Vom Reichsfürstenstande (Innsbruck, 1861)
* Forschungen zur Reichs- und Rechtsgeschichte Italiens (4 vols., Innsbruck, 1868–74)
* Untersuchungen zur Rechtsgeschichte (3 vols., Innsbruck, 1891–97).

### Diplomatics

* Beiträge zur Urkundenlehre (2 vols., Innsbruck, 1877–78).
# Longchamps, Argentina

Longchamps is a city in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina, located about 30 km south of Buenos Aires, in the Almirante Brown Partido (district).
The city is named for the race track of the same name located on the Route des Tribunes in the Bois de Boulogne at Paris, France, after which the Sociedad Hípica de Lomas de Zamora (Hipic Society of Lomas de Zamora) was inspired to name the city's own racecourse.
It is home of the Danone factory for Argentina.

## Notable people

* Kevin Cardozo (born 1998), footballer
# Lincoln Township, Adair County, Iowa

Lincoln Township is one of seventeen townships in Adair County, Iowa, USA. At the 2010 census, its population was 926.

## History

Lincoln Township was organized in 1861.

## Geography

Lincoln Township covers an area of 35.63 square miles (92.3 km$^2$) and contains one incorporated settlement, Stuart. According to the USGS, it contains one cemetery, Calvary.
# Filippo Crepaldi

Filippo Crepaldi (born 19 February 1992) is an Italian professional baseball pitcher for the Unipol Bologna of the Italian Baseball League.
Crepaldi played for the Italy national baseball team at the 2010 World Junior Baseball Championship and for Team Europe at the 2015 edition of the Asia Winter Baseball League. He also pitched for his club team at the 2013 Asia Series. He was selected to represent Italy at the 2017 World Baseball Classic. He played for Team Italy in the 2019 European Baseball Championship. He is playing for the team at the Africa/Europe 2020 Olympic Qualification tournament, taking place in Italy from 18 September 2019.
# Gujarat State Fertilizers and Chemicals

Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited (GSFC) is an Indian chemicals and fertilizers manufacturer, owned by the Government of Gujarat. GSFC was founded in 1962 and has its headquarters in Vadodara on the Ahmedabad Vadodara Expressway. As of fiscal year 2021–22, fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and urea generated over 60% of the company's revenue, while industrial products including caprolactam, nylon 6, melamine and MEK oxime contributed the remaining share.
Oil and gas discovered in Bombay High and South Basin triggered the birth of 8 new generation fertilizer plants to fulfill the growing food needs of India. In 1976, it set up a plant in Bharuch which trades as Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilisers & Chemicals, as a subsidiary of GSFC.
In 2012, GSFC incorporated a wholly-owned subsidiary called GSFC AgroTech Limited (GATL).
# Luke Hedger

Luke Hedger (born 6 December 1995 in Yate, Bristol) is a British motorcycle racer. He was the British Motostar champion in 2012 and the National Superstock 600 champion in 2013. He currently competes in the National Superstock Championship, aboard a Suzuki GSXR1000.

## Career statistics
### Grand Prix motorcycle racing
#### By season

| Season | Class | Motorcycle | Team | Race | Win | Podium | Pole | FLap | Pts | Plcd |
| 2015 | Moto3 | Kalex KTM | FPW Racing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NC |
| Total | | | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |

#### Races by year

| Yr | Class | Bike | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | Pos. | Pts |
| 2015 | Moto3 | Kalex KTM | QAT | AME | ARG | SPA | FRA | ITA | CAT | NED | GER | INP | CZE | GBR 18 | RSM | ARA | JPN | AUS | MAL | VAL | NC | 0 |
# Dr. Nathan Gaither House

The Dr. Nathan Gaither House, at 100 S. High St. in Columbia, Kentucky was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
It was a home of Dr. Nathan Gaither (1788–1862), who became a doctor and volunteered to receive the smallpox vaccination under development by Edward Jenner. Gaither served as a surgeon in the War of 1812 and settled in Columbia by the end of that war. He served as a doctor and in politics: as an elected member of the Kentucky legislature from 1815 to 1818, and in the United States House of Representatives from 1829 to 1833.
# Kenya Agricultural Commodity Exchange

Kenya Agricultural Commodity Exchange is a private sector firm in Kenya. It was established in 1997. KACE primarily functions as an information service to enhance price discovery as well as a spot exchange. Futures contracts are not traded on KACE.
The main objective of Kenya Agricultural Commodity Exchange is to facilitate linkage between buyers and sellers, exporters and importers of agricultural commodities in trade. It provide farmers and market intermediaries such as traders, and consumers, with information about market, and other services that enhance their bargaining power and competitiveness in the market place. It also provide a transparent and competitive price discovery mechanism through the operations of the exchange trading floors and apply information and communication technologies for rural value addition and empowerment.
KACE signed an agreement with West Media Limited (WML), owners of the West FM Radio Station located in Bungoma Town in Western Province of Kenya, where they have established an interactive radio program called Soko Hewani which means The Supermarket On Air in Swahili. Offers and bids are announced on the Soko Hewani program. Listeners, then bid on the offers through phone, SMS, IVR or e-mail messages. The radio program staff then match the offers and bids as the program is on air, then using mobile phone calls and SMS, or reference back to the specific MRC which submitted the offer or bid for further negotiation and conclusion of deals.
# Pirjo Peltola

Pirjo Peltola (born July 26, 1961, in Karstula, Finland ) is a Finnish sport shooter. She competed in rifle shooting events at the Summer Olympics in 1988 and 1992.

## Olympic results

| Event | 1988 | 1992 |
| 10 metre air rifle (women) | 5th | 42nd |
| 50 metre rifle three positions (women) | 10th | 27th |
# List of storms named Heidi

The name Heidi has been used for two tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean.
* Hurricane Heidi (1967)
* Tropical Storm Heidi (1971)
The name Heidi has also been used in the Australian Region.
# St. Boniface Church

St. Boniface Church, or variants thereof, may refer to:

## Australia

* St Boniface Cathedral, Bunbury, Western Australia

## Belgium

* St. Boniface Church, Antwerp

## Canada

* Saint Boniface Cathedral, St. Boniface, Winnipeg, Manitoba

## Germany

* St. Boniface's Church, Bergen
* St. Bonifatius, Heidelberg
* St. Bonifatius, Kassel
* St. Bonifatius, Lorchhausen
* Saint Boniface (Paderborn)
* St. Bonifatius, Wiesbaden
* St. Bonifatius, Wirges

## Netherlands

* Saint Boniface church, Leeuwarden

## South Africa

* St Boniface Church, Germiston

## United Kingdom

* St Boniface Church, Bonchurch
* Old St Boniface Church, Bonchurch
* St Boniface's Church, Bunbury

## United States

* St. Boniface Catholic Church (Fulda, Indiana)
* St. Boniface Church (Clinton, Iowa)
* Saint Boniface Church (New Vienna, Iowa)
* St. Boniface Catholic Church (Sioux City, Iowa)
* St. Boniface Catholic Church (Waukee, Iowa)
* St. Boniface Catholic Church (Westphalia, Iowa)
* St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church, Detroit, Michigan
* Church of St. Boniface (Melrose, Minnesota), now the Church of St. Mary
* St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church (Perryville, Missouri), a former church
* St. Boniface Church (New York City)
* St. Boniface Church (Sublimity, Oregon)
* St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)
* St. Boniface Church, Convent and Rectory, Uniontown, Washington
# Lincoln Township, Monona County, Iowa

Lincoln Township is a township in Monona County, Iowa, United States.
# Filippo Cremonesi

Filippo Cremonesi (22 August 1872 – 19 May 1942) was an Italian banker and politician. He was born in Rome, Kingdom of Italy. He was mayor of Rome from 1922 to 1926 and the first Fascist Governor of Rome in 1926. He was a recipient of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus.
In 1928 Cremonesi was appointed by Mussolini as the president of the Italian Red Cross, bringing the organization in line with fascism. He died in Rome, Italy.
# Pognankanré

Pognankanré is a town in the Bilanga Department of Gnagna Province in eastern Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,814.
# Elly Donald

Elly Elizabeth Donald (born 17 September 1997) is an Australian cricketer who played for Victoria in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL). An all-rounder, she bats right-handed and bowls right-arm medium pace. She made her WNCL debut on 9 November 2018, scoring 26 runs in a 48-run loss to the ACT Meteors. She was part of the Melbourne Stars squad for the 2018–19 Women's Big Bash League season but did not make an appearance.
Donald currently studies a Bachelor of Exercise and Sport Science at Deakin University.