OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mackubin Thomas Owens

Mackubin Thomas Owens is a senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. From 2015 until 2018, he served as dean of academic affairs at the Institute of World Politics. He was previously the associate dean of academics for electives and directed research and professor of strategy and force planning for the Naval War College in the U.S., as well as a contributing editor to National Review.

## Career

He is a senior fellow at the Program on National Security of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, and has edited its journal, Orbis, since 2008. Owens has previously served as a national security advisor to Senator Bob Kasten and in the Department of Energy under the Reagan administration. From 1990 to 1997, Owens was editor-in-chief of the defense journal Strategic Review and an adjunct professor of international relations at what is now the Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University.
Owens served as an infantry platoon commander from 1968 to 1969 in Vietnam during the Vietnam War, during which he was wounded twice, and awarded the Silver Star. He retired from the Marine Corps Reserve as a colonel in 1994. He holds a Ph.D in politics from the University of Dallas, a Master of Arts in economics from the University of Oklahoma, and a Bachelor of Arts from the University of California, Santa Barbara.
His book, US Civil-Military Relations After 9/11: Renegotiating the Civil-Military Bargain, was published by Continuum in January 2011. It explains some of the key issues that surround the relations between the military and its civilian control in the US today.
Owens contends "that women in combat undermine unit cohesion and thereby generate Clausewitzian friction."
# Johann Marbach

Johann Marbach (14 April 1521 – 17 March 1581) was a German Lutheran reformer and controversialist.

## Life

He was born at Lindau in Bavaria. He began his studies at Strasbourg in 1536, and three years later went to Wittenberg, where he shared a house with Martin Luther and took his doctor's degree in 1543. After holding temporary positions at Jena and Isny, in 1545 he accepted a call to Strasbourg. Here, from 1545 to 1558, he was pastor of the Church of St. Nicholas; canon at St. Thomas' from 1546; professor from 1549, and from 1551 president of the Church Convocation.
In 1551 he was an envoy from Strasbourg to the Council of Trent. Until Martin Bucer's departure for England (1549) Marbach was on good terms with him as the recognized head of the Strasbourg Church, and remained a regular correspondent. Gradually, however, Marbach developed a more exclusive Lutheranism than that represented by other Strasbourg Reformers. In the position to the Swiss, Calvinistic, and Unionistic elements in Strasbourg, Marbach was the leader. The outcome of this conflict was evidenced in the Strasbourg Kirchenordnung of 1598, principally Marbach's work.
From 1553 complaints began against the pastor of the local French refugee Calvinist congregation, Jean Garnier, because he did not hold the doctrine of the Strasbourg church on the Eucharist. He was obliged to leave Strasbourg in 1555. Also that year Peter Martyr, a teacher at the High School, left for Zurich to escape making declarations on the same topic. The last prominent advocate of Unionistic-Calvinistic theology at Strasbourg was Jerome Zanchi, also a teacher of the High School, and a member of the French congregation. When in 1560 Marbach reprinted at Strasbourg the treatise of the Lutheran Tilemann Hesshusen, De præsentia corporis Christi in cœno Domini with the author's vehement preface against Frederick III, Elector Palatine and his theologians in Strasburg, open conflict broke out between Zanchi and Marbach. The main points of contention were the doctrines of the Eucharist, of Ubiquity (just then coming into prominence), and of the perseverance of the elect and predestination. Marbach advocated his views in three major works.
He combatted not only the Calvinists but the Schwenkfeldians and Anabaptists, who were still active at Strasbourg; and introduced the Lutheran catechism (1554). He instituted private confession in the Church of St. Nicholas, and kept up the rite of confirmation when it began to fall into disuse in other Strasbourg churches. Marbach also took an active part in bringing about the acceptance of the Formula of Concord; and prevailed on the Strasbourg theologians to sign the Zerbst Formula (1571), while the official acceptance of the Formula of Concord was opposed by the town council. In the Palatinate he assisted Louis VI in 1576 to restore Lutheranism after the death of Frederick III. He died at Strasbourg.
# Emanuela Viola

Emanuela Viola (born 12 January 1972) is an Italian swimmer. She competed in the women's 100 metre butterfly at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# SS Tembien

SS Tembien was an Italian steamship sunk during the Second World War. She had been built in Germany in 1914 and served under a number of names before joining the Italian company Ignazio Messina as Tembien. She was sunk on 27 February 1942 by the British submarine Upholder. She was carrying 468 Allied prisoners of war, a fact known to the British through Ultra decryptions. Her sinking caused the deaths of at least 390 prisoners and 78 crew and guards.

## Construction and operation

Tembien was a two-deck steel-built, oil-driven cargo vessel. She had a gross register tonnage of 5,584 and measured 417 feet (127 m) in length, 32 feet 2 inches (9.80 m) in width and 27 feet 5 inches (8.36 m) in depth. She was built by the Rickmers Group in Bremerhaven, Germany, in 1914. Her 500–nominal horsepower engines were made by AG Weser of Bremen. During her career she sailed under the names Mouni, Milluna, Nwc.No.3, Franziska, Mabel, Syd.No.2 and Mabel Rickmers. By the Second World War she was in service as Tembien for the Italian Ignazio Messina company and was based out of Genoa.

## Sinking

Tembien left Trapani, Italy, for Tripoli, Libya on 16 February 1942, escorted by the destroyer Saetta and arriving two days later. This journey went un-hindered by the Allies as Enigma decryptions (so-called Ultra intelligence) recorded only a convoy of unknown composition, and details of its position arrived too late for an attack to be made.
On 27 February 1942 Tembien, having left Tripoli, was sailing around 25 miles (40 km) to the west of the city, carrying 468 Allied prisoners of war from the North African campaign to Italy. Although the wounded were often transported in hospital ships, which granted protective status, the Axis often transported unwounded prisoners in unmarked cargo vessels which made them indistinguishable from legitimate targets.
Tembien was spotted by Lieutenant Commander David Wanklyn's submarine HMS Upholder. Two of Wanklyn's torpedoes struck the Tembien, causing her to sink and leading to the deaths of between 390 and 419 prisoners, 68 Italian crew members and 10 German guards. The route and manifest of the Tembien were known to the British through Ultra decryptions so it is not known why she was allowed to be attacked. One possibility is that to allow all prisoner-of-war ships safe passage on the basis of decrypted information would have alerted the Axis powers that the British had broken the Enigma codes. Sinkings of prisoner-of-war vessels decreased significantly later in 1942, suggesting a shift in policy.
# Constantin Apostol

Constantin Apostol (18 August 1903 – 1995) was a Romanian equestrian. He competed in two events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# John Mamikonean

John or Hovhan Mamikonyan (in Armenian Հովհան Մամիկոնյան) was a 7th-century Armenian noble from the Mamikonian dynasty, author of the History of Taron, which is a continuation of the account of Zenob Glak. John is not known from any source other than his History, and in the colophon self-identifies as the 35th bishop of Glak after Zenob.
# Kanine

Kanine may refer to:
* Kaninë, settlement in the Vlorë County of southwestern Albania
* Kanine Records, independent record label
# William Crooks (Canadian politician)

William Crooks (August 6, 1776 – December 31, 1836) was a businessman and political figure in Upper Canada.
He was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland in 1776. In 1792, he travelled to Fort Niagara to join his brother James Crooks who was a merchant there; in 1795, the business was moved to Newark (Niagara-on-the-Lake). With his brother, he was involved in milling and a distillery. In 1800, he was named justice of the peace in the Niagara District and, in 1833, in the Gore District. Crooks served as a captain in the local militia during the War of 1812. In 1830, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada for the 2nd and 3rd ridings of Lincoln. He died at Niagara in 1836.
# Deneysville

Deneysville is a small town on the banks of the Vaal Dam in the Free State province of South Africa.

## History

Deneysville was established in 1936 and named after Deneys Reitz, writer of Commando: A Boer Journal of the Boer War and son of former Orange Free State president Francis William Reitz. The dam has two names, Lake Deneys and Vaal Dam, with the latter being the official and most commonly used name. The town "Deneysville" however, established on the shores of the dam was named after him. The stone cottage on the waterfront which was originally built as a hunting lodge by the Reitz family, is now St. Peter's Church, and has become a popular wedding venue. The original village management board became a municipality and today falls under the large area council of Metsimaholo. The town was slow in developing until the turn of the century when it was rediscovered and is today a fast developing recreational center with many new holiday homes adding to permanent working and retired population.
The waterfront along Waverley Road was declared a tourism node by Fezile Dabi district municipality in 2013 and is the start of the 'Lion Route'.
In early stone-age times, the Tswana-Sotho had settled along the shore of the Vaal River, where Deneysville is established today. The Makgolokwe-a-Mafehleng (Bakgatla from Tabane) lived in the area from around 1836. The ruins of their stone dwellings can be seen in the area today opposite the Municipal buildings. There is an interesting exhibition of artifacts in the town's library which is situated behind the Municipal offices. It was inaccurately said the ruins were from the Khoisan, but the archaeological study proved that it was the Tswana-Sotho branch of Kwena and Fokeng and not the Khoisan that lived in the area.
Many of these artifacts were saved prior to the flooding of the valley and originate from the farm, Zandfontein, which is now an island in the middle of North Bay called Groot Eiland (or UJ Island, as the University of Jhb. has a 99-year lease over it).

## Vaal Dam

Deneysville, situated on the Free State side of the Vaal River, is the largest town on the Vaal Dam banks. There are four yacht clubs that hold regular sailing races at weekends. Two of the most known races are Keel Boat Week held at Deneysville Aquatic Club and Round The Island Yacht Race which is held at Lake Deneys Yacht Club.
National Sea Rescue Institute Station 22 is located at Manten Marina in Deneysville.
# David E. Postle

David Elmer Postle Sr. (1863–1939) was an architect primarily known for his designs in the Chicago metropolitan area.
Postle was born in 1863 on a farm in Ohio. He moved to Illinois to study architecture and engineering at the University of Illinois. The first building he designed was a house in Elgin, Illinois in 1892, which was built for George Richardson, the superintendent of David C. Cook Publishing. He married Richardson's daughter, Georgia, on October 24, 1893, and moved into the Richardsons' home. Postle and his wife moved into another house he designed in Elgin in 1903. Postle designed many buildings in Elgin, including Lords Park Pavilion and the Elgin Public Museum, both local historic landmarks, as well as the David C. Cook Publishing Building, the old Elgin High School, the Masonic Temple, and dozens of homes.
Postle designed the Pattington Apartments in Chicago in 1902, which was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. He went on to design many other courtyard-style apartment buildings in Chicago. Postle later partnered with John Baptiste Fischer, and designed an addition to the Downey-Farrell Company factory building in Chicago in 1917, and additions to the Elgin Watch Company factory in 1920.
In 1921, Postle moved to Los Angeles, and partnered with his son, David E. Postle Jr. He designed many buildings in Los Angeles County in the 1920s, including the Self Help Graphics & Art building, utilizing the popular revival styles of the era.
# Dolores Nakova

Dolores Zdravkova Nakova (Bulgarian: Долорес Накова; born 15 June 1957 in Ruse) is a Bulgarian former rower who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Els Hostalets de Pierola

Els Hostalets de Pierola (Catalan pronunciation:) is a Spanish municipality situated in the Autonomous Community of Catalonia, province of Barcelona, Spain.
The municipality includes the villages of Els Hostalets de Pierola, els Boscos de Can Martí, Can Fontimarc, Can Fonsalba, Can Gras, Can Marcet, Can Rovira de l'Estela, Pierola and Serra Alta.

## History

The castle of Pierola, of which nothing remains, was cited in documents in 963. It belonged to the vicecounty of Barcelona from the tenth to the thirteenth century. In 1286 it was given by Alfonso II of Aragon to Asbert of Mediona. In 1698 Pau Ignasi of Dalmases bought the barony of Pierola. Afterwards it remained in the hands of the Fontcuberta family who kept it until the end of the manorialism
The municipality became internationally famous because of the 2002 discovery of a Miocene primate, the Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, a fossil of great interest for human evolution. The genus was named after the municipality.

## Main sights

The church of the municipality is dedicated to Saint Peter (Sant Pere) and was constructed in 1852 in the place in which an ancient Roman temple was found. The church of Pierola, also dedicated to Saint Peter, is of Roman origin and appears in documents from 1060. Near the border with the municipality of Collbató (Baix Llobregat comarca), a hermitage, also Roman, dedicated to Saint Christopher of Canyelles was described as early as 1033.

## Events

Els Hostalets de Pierola celebrates its major festival in July. In September a festival of wine takes place.

## Economy

The principal economic activity is dryland farming, especially cereal and wine. There are also small industries.
Currently, as a consequence of the political development under the former mayor Pedro Barbado (PSC), this municipality has one of the most important sites of trash and other storage in all of Catalonia, which is now one of the major sources of income for the municipality.

## Twin towns

* Rivalba, Italy
# Katla Geopark

Katla Geopark is the first Geopark to be designated in Iceland, having gained membership of both the European Geoparks Network and the UNESCO-assisted Global Network of National Geoparks in 2011.
Amongst others, it includes the volcanoes Katla and Eyjafjallajökull, the latter renowned for the disruption which its eruption in 2010 caused to European air travel.
# Kinard Middle School

Kinard Middle School is a middle school in southeast Fort Collins, Colorado that is part of the Poudre School District. It is based on the Core Knowledge system of education, and is one of the top-performing schools in the United States, having received the John Irwin School of Excellence Award several times as well as the USDE Blue Ribbon Award in 2015. Its mascot is the "Kinard Mustang". The Kinard Mustang is often represented as "Morty" who is just a child in a costume.
The school is named for Hal Kinard, a local educator who served in the military during the Vietnam War.

## Grading system

Kinard's grading system resembles the GPA system at first glance, but is actually nothing like it in reality. Each assignment is graded on a scale of 1–4, based on the level of proficiency toward a grade level standard the student has achieved. Information regarding Kinard's grading system can be found at this link: https://kin.psdschools.org/academics/assessment.

## History

Kinard Middle School started operating out of a wing in the nearby Fossil Ridge High School in the fall of 2004, before getting its own building that opened in 2006. Many current Kinard teachers have been there every year since the school opened in the high school.
# Platysquilla

Platysquilla is a genus of mantis shrimp erected in 1967 by Raymond Manning for species previously included in Lysiosquilla.
# List of companies of Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Senegal to the north and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west.
Guinea-Bissau is among the world's least developed nations and one of the 10 poorest countries in the world, and depends mainly on agriculture and fishing. Guinea-Bissau has started to show some economic advances after a pact of stability was signed by the main political parties of the country, leading to an IMF-backed structural reform program. The key challenges for the country in the period ahead would be to achieve fiscal discipline, rebuild public administration, improve the economic climate for private investment, and promote economic diversification.
After several years of economic downturn and political instability, in 1997, Guinea-Bissau entered the CFA franc monetary system, bringing about some internal monetary stability. The civil war that took place in 1998 and 1999 and a military coup in September 2003 again disrupted economic activity, leaving a substantial part of the economic and social infrastructure in ruins and intensifying the already widespread poverty. Following the parliamentary elections in March 2004 and presidential elections in July 2005, the country is trying to recover from the long period of instability despite a still-fragile political situation.

## Notable firms

This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.
Notable companies Active State-owned Defunct :
| Name | Industry | Sector | Headquarters | Founded | Notes |
| Air Bissau | Consumer services | Airlines | Bissau | 1960 | Airline, defunct 1998 |
| Correios da Guiné-Bissau | Industrials | Delivery services | Bissau | ? | Postal services |
| Electricidade e Aguas da Guine-Bissau | Utilities | Multiutilities | Bissau | ? | Electricity, water |
| Guine Bissau Airlines | Consumer services | Airlines | Bissau | 2010 | Airline |
* The Central Bank of Guinea-Bissau in Bissau
# Kanina (Mělník District)

Kanina is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

## History

The first written mention of Kanina is from 1207.
# Cisy

Cisy may refer to the following places in Poland:
* Cisy, Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Cisy, Bytów County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Cisy, Malbork County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Cisy, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
# French ship Boulonnais

At least two ships of the French Navy have been named Boulonnais:
* French destroyer Boulonnais, a L'Adroit-class destroyer launched in 1927 and sunk in 1942.
* French frigate Boulonnais, a Le Corse-class frigate launched in 1953 and expended as a target in 1994.
# Sulcatistroma

Sulcatistroma is a monotypic genus of fungi. It contains the sole species Sulcatistroma nolinae. The position of this genus within the order Calosphaeriales is unknown.
# Dolores Palumbo

Dolores Palumbo (14 June 1912 – 30 January 1984) was an Italian stage and film actress.

## Life and career

Born in Naples, the daughter of two stage actors, Palumbo debuted in 1930 with a bit role in the farce La bella trovata. Shorty later she entered the stage company of Nino Taranto, with whom she starred in a number of successful revues. In 1945 she joined the stage company of Eduardo De Filippo and she was critically appreciated for her performance in the comedy play Napoli milionaria. Two years later she rejoined the company of Nino Taranto until the 1950s, then, in 1955, she worked again with Eduardo De Filippo, who called her in his company to replace his sister Titina. Palumbo was also very active in films, mainly of comedic genre.

## Selected filmography

* In the Country Fell a Star (1939)
* Non ti pago! (1942)
* Lorenzaccio (1951)
* Neapolitan Carousel (1954)
* Poverty and Nobility (1954)
* Milanese in Naples (1954)
* Oh! Sabella (1957)
* Lazzarella (1957)
* Husbands in the City (1957)
* Angel in a Taxi (1958)
* Three Strangers in Rome (1958)
* Legs of Gold (1958)
* I motorizzati (1962)
* Liolà (1963)
* Tears on Your Face (1964)
* Non son degno di te (1965)
* Se non avessi più te (1965)
* Sgarro alla camorra (1973)
# Karl Broodhagen

Karl Broodhagen (1909 – 2002) was a Barbadian sculptor and painter. His most famous works are three public statues in Barbados: the Bussa Emancipation Statue, a statue of Prime Minister Grantley Herbert Adams, and a statue of cricketer Garfield Sobers.

## Biography

Born in Georgetown, Guyana, Broodhagen moved to Barbados at the age of 15 to become a tailor's apprentice. While working as a tailor, he began to paint in the 1930s and to sculpt a decade later. He established the art department at Barbados' Combermere School in 1947; after studying at Goldsmiths College in London in the early 1950s, he returned to Barbados and taught at the school until 1996.
In addition to his public statues, Broodhagen primarily created portraits and busts; he described the focus of his work as being "interested in people". He particularly focused on women, and stated in an interview that he sought "to replace the European standards of beauty still slavishly accepted in the West Indies by standards based on the local inhabitants themselves." His works have toured internationally and are included in UNESCO's collections, and he was awarded the Gold Crown of Merit in 1982.
He died at home in 2002, aged 93.

## Gallery

* Statue of Grantley Herbert Adams
* Statue of Garfield Sobers
# Katlaheri

Katlaheri is a village situated in the Karnal district of Haryana. It is at a distance of 19 kilometres (12 mi) from Karnal and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Jundla on the road to Assandh.
* This Haryana location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
This village is famous by the name thakur Kundan singh and Dr.panna lal sharma
# Physcia cinerea

Physcia cinerea is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Physciaceae. It was described as a new species in 1990 by the Swedish lichenologist Roland Moberg. The lichen is found in Argentina, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela at elevations between 2,500 and 4,000 m (8,200 and 13,100 ft), typically on sun-exposed rocks in páramo habitat. It has an orbicular to irregularly shaped thallus up to 3 cm in diameter, comprising narrow lobes up to 1 mm wide. The thallus is grey to dark grey, while the underside is white to brownish, with abundant rhizines of the same colour. Apothecia (fruiting bodies), which are usually abundant, are lecanorine in form and up to 1.5 mm in diameter. They have a dark brown to black disc that lacks pruina. Both the upper cortex and the medulla of the lichen are K+ (yellow). Secondary metabolites (lichen products) in the species include atranorin, zeorin, and leucotylin.
# Platysphinx vicaria

Platysphinx vicaria is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Sierra Leone to Nigeria, Cameroon and the Central African Republic.

## Subspecies

* Platysphinx vicaria vicaria
* Platysphinx vicaria basquini Pierre, 1989 (Gabon)