OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Judacilius

Gaius Judacilius or Gaius Vidacilius was a native of Asculum in Picenum, and one of the chief generals of the allies in the Social War, 90 BC. He was known to have been one of the ablest and most resolute leaders of the insurrection. He first commanded in Apulia where he was very successful: Canusium and Venusia, with many other towns, opened their gates to him, and some which refused to obey him he took by force. He executed the Roman nobles who were made prisoners, and enrolled the common people and slaves among his troops.
Judacilius joined with Titus Afranius (also called Lafrenius) and Publius Ventidius Bassus at Mount Falerinus, where they defeated Pompeius Strabo, who retreated to Firmum, after which the three went their separate ways. When Strabo had in his turn gained a victory over Afranius and laid siege to Picenum, Judacilius, anxious to save his native town, hastened to the city with eight cohorts.
He sent word beforehand to the inhabitants that when they saw him advancing at a distance they should make a sally against Strabo's besieging force, so that the enemy should be attacked on both sides at once. The inhabitants were afraid to do so, and a massive and bloody battle ensued between the two forces; Roman reports of the battle speak of 75,000 soldiers on the Roman side against 60,000 Italians, although most scholars consider these numbers exaggerated.
Judacilius nevertheless cut his way through the enemy's lines and into the city. However his plan of seriously wounding the opposing force had failed. He had succeeded only in barricading his forces in with the defenders. Finding that the city could not possibly hold out much longer, and resolved not to survive its fall, he first put to death all his enemies, including those of Asculum he thought had discouraged the townsfolk from rallying to the fight, and then erected a funeral pyre within the precincts of the chief temple in the city. Judacilius then feasted with his friends, and, after taking poison, he laid himself down on the pile, and commanded his friends to set it on fire. The town shortly thereafter fell into the hands of Pompey and was severely punished for its resistance. The leaders of the insurrection were summarily executed, and the others were driven naked from the town.
Many scholars consider this battle to have been the turning point in the war.
# Judaberg

Judaberg is a village in Stavanger Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located on the eastern shore of the island of Finnøy. The island is located on the south side of the Boknafjorden, northeast of the large city of Stavanger.
The 0.74-square-kilometre (180-acre) village has a population (2019) of 850 and a population density of 1,149 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,980/sq mi). Judaberg is the commercial centre of the municipality with several small industries as well as shopping. The Rygjabø upper secondary school, the only high school in Finnøy is located here. The newspaper Øyposten has been published in Judaberg since 1999.
Judaberg is a transportation hub of the island municipality with several ferry routes connecting to all the surrounding islands such as Ombo, Sjernarøyane, Halsnøya, and Fogn as well as to the village of Nedstrand on the mainland. There is also high speed ferry service to the city of Stavanger. Judaberg is connected to the mainland by road by a series of bridges and undersea tunnels including the Finnøy Tunnel, Mastrafjord Tunnel, and Byfjord Tunnel.
Prior to 2020, the village was the administrative centre of the old Finnøy municipality.
# Echinolittorina tuberculata

Echinolittorina tuberculata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.

## Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 18 mm.

## Habitat

Minimum recorded depth is -1 m. Maximum recorded depth is 0 m.
# Judge Pregerson

Judge Pregerson may refer to:
* Dean Pregerson (born 1951), judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California
* Harry Pregerson (1923–2017), judge appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
# Granja, Ceará

Granja is the westernmost municipality in the Brazilian state of Ceará.
The municipality contains part of the 1,592,550 hectares (3,935,300 acres) Serra da Ibiapaba Environmental Protection Area, created in 1996.
# Granja Nova

Granja Nova is a civil parish in the municipality of Tarouca, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 396 and the population density was 57 inhabitants per square kilometre, in an area of 6.86 km$^2$.
# Grammosolen

Grammosolen is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae.
Its native range is South Australia.
Species:
* Grammosolen dixonii (F.Muell. & Tate) Haegi
* Grammosolen truncatus (Ising) Haegi
# Grand Hotel (Big Timber, Montana)

The Grand Hotel in Big Timber, Montana, located at 139 McLeod, was built in 1890. Its building was financed by Jacob Halverson, a Sweet Grass County sheep rancher.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It was deemed significant "as an important center for social and commercial activity in Big Timber", a wool exporting community. A fire in 1908 destroyed most businesses along McLeod Street but not the Grand Hotel.
# July 1874 Stroud by-election

The 1874 Stroud by-election was fought on 24 July 1874, due to the election of the incumbent Conservative MP, John Edward Dorington being declared void on petition, due to "bribery, treating, and undue influence".
It was won by the Liberal candidate Henry Brand.
July 1874 Stroud by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Henry Brand | 2,695 | 50.8 | −0.9 |
| | Conservative | James Thomas Stanton | 2,613 | 49.2 | +0.9 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 82 | 1.6 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,308 | 89.3 | −1.8 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 5,942 | | |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | -0.9 | |
# Government of María Guardiola

The government of María Guardiola was formed on 21 July 2023, following the latter's election as President of Extremadura by the Assembly of Extremadura on 14 July and her swearing-in on 17 July, as a result of the People's Party (PP) and Vox being able to muster a majority of seats in the Assembly following the 2023 Extremaduran regional election. It succeeded the third government of Guillermo Fernández Vara and has been the incumbent Government of Extremadura since 21 July 2023, a total of 444 days, or 1 year, 2 months and 16 days.
The cabinet comprises members of the PP and Vox, as well as a number of independents proposed by the PP.

## Investiture

Investiture María Guardiola (PP) :
| Ballot → | Ballot → | 14 July 2023 |
| Required majority → | Required majority → | 33 out of 65 Y |
| | Yes • PP (28) • Vox (5) | 33 / 65 |
| | No • PSOE (28) • UP (4) | 32 / 65 |
| | Abstentions | 0 / 65 |
| | Absentees | 0 / 65 |
| Sources |||

## Cabinet changes

Guardiola's government saw a number of cabinet changes during its tenure:
* On 5 October 2023, Camino Limia announced her resignation as Minister of Forest Management and Rural World over personal disagreements with Vox's national leadership. She was replaced in her post by Ignacio Higuero on 7 October 2023.

## Council of Government

The Council of Government is structured into the office for the president and 9 ministries.
← Guardiola Government → (21 July 2023 – present) :
| Portfolio | Name | Party | Party | Took office | Left office | Ref. |
| President | María Guardiola | | PP | 15 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of the Presidency, Interior and Social Dialogue | Abel Bautista | | PP | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Finance and Public Administration | Elena Manzano | | PP | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Agriculture, Livestock and Sustainable Development | Mercedes Morán | | PP | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Economy, Employment and Digital Transformation | Guillermo Santamaría | | Ind. | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Health and Social Services | Sara García Espada | | PP | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Culture, Tourism, Youth and Sports | Victoria Bazaga | | Ind. | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Education, Science and Vocational Training | Mercedes Vaquera | | Ind. | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Infrastructure, Transport and Housing | Manuel Martín Castizo | | PP | 21 July 2023 | Incumbent | |
| Minister of Forest Management and Rural World | Camino Limia | | Vox | 21 July 2023 | 6 October 2023 | |
| Changes October 2023 |||||||
| Portfolio | Name | Party | Party | Took office | Left office | Ref. |
| Minister of Forest Management and Rural World | Ignacio Higuero | | Vox / Ind. | 7 October 2023 | Incumbent | |
# Jules Horrent

Jules Horrent (11 April 1920 – 11 September 1981) was a Belgian medievalist, who was awarded the Francqui Prize in 1968 on Human Sciences for his historical work He worked in Romance studies, Hispanic studies, Italian studies, and Portuguese studies.
# List of storms named Helga

The name Helga has been used for three tropical cyclones in the Eastern Pacific Ocean:
* Hurricane Helga (1966)
* Tropical Storm Helga (1970)
* Tropical Storm Helga (1974)
In the South-West Indian Ocean:
# Grand River Event Center

The Grand River Event Center is a convention center located in Dubuque, Iowa. It is on the riverfront of the Mississippi River, and is part of the America's River Campus at the Port of Dubuque. The center is located at 500 Bell Street.
Designed by Populous, the center has about 86,000 square feet (8,000 m$^2$) of space for meetings, conferences, and other social functions. It is designed to accommodate groups ranging in size from 10 to 3,000. There are 12 flexible spaces that can be used for meetings and other functions. The most striking feature of the building is the "River Room," a special glass-walled room that overlooks the Mississippi river. The building is connected by a skywalk to the Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark, which is adjacent to the events center. The center offers a number of services - such as high speed internet, catering, and underground parking.
During the 2004 Presidential campaign, President George W. Bush appeared in two campaign events that were held at the center.
# List of tactical role-playing video games

    See Lists of video games for related lists.
This is a comprehensive index of commercial tactical role-playing games for all platforms, sorted chronologically. Information regarding date of release, developer, publisher, platform and notability is provided when available. The table can be sorted by clicking on the small boxes next to the column headings.

## Contents

* 1980s–1994
* 1995–1999
* 2000–2004
* 2005–2009
* 2010–2019
* 2020–2029
* Unreleased
# Governor's House

Governor's House may refer to:
* Governor's House (Peshawar), Pakistan
* Governor's House (Karachi), Pakistan
* Governor's House (Lahore), Pakistan
* Governor's House, Ufa, Russia
* Governor's House, Edinburgh, Scotland
* Governor's House, Knutsford, Cheshire, England
* Governor's House (Togus, Maine), United States
* Governor's House (Governors Island), New York
* Governor's House (Dnipro), Ukraine
* Delaware Governor's Mansion, sometimes called Governor's House
# Governor's House, Peshawar

The Governor's House is a palace in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It has a secret tunnel from the left side mosque to the Bala Hisar Fort it is about 1.25 km long, amidst what is now a park. It is close to the Peshawar Museum. It serves as the official residence of the governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
The Governor House was commissioned in the early 20th century by the British. The famous British era contractor responsible for the Mardan-Chitral Road (Lowari Pass), Attock Landi Kotal Rail track and Drosh Fort Khan Bahadur Nawab Abdul Hameed Khan of Badrashi was contracted to build the building in a traditional Greco-Roman design prevalent in other grand British buildings across India.
# Edikor Eyokpu

Edikor Eyokpu is an Oron Village in Udung Uko local government area of Akwa Ibom state in Nigeria.
# List of valleys of Kyrgyzstan

Valleys in Kyrgyzstan include:
A
* Alay Valley
* Arpa Valley
C
F
K
* Kichi-Kemin Valley
* Kyzylunkur Valley
M
S
# Chenglong Wetlands

Chenglong Wetlands (traditional Chinese: 成龍溼地; simplified Chinese: 成龙湿地; pinyin: Chénglóng Shīdì) is a wetland in Kouhu Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan.

## History

The wetland was formed due to the low altitude of the lower Hukou Village of Kouhu Township and the overuse of groundwater over the years. Those factors contributed to the land subsidence of the area which make it prone to flooding. More sea water encroachment is also brought by the frequent typhoons happening in Taiwan, which eventually turned the area into a wetland.

## Geology

The wetland spans over an area of 171 hectares.
# Cistern, Texas

Cistern is an unincorporated community in southwestern Fayette County, Texas, United States. It is located on Texas State Highway 95, 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Flatonia. It was formerly known as Whiteside's Prairie and Cockrill's Hill.
Cistern had a population of 75 as of the 2000 census.

## History

Cistern is on a hill surrounded by much flatter prairie land. Originally, it was the portion of a league of land granted to John J. Whiteside by the government of Mexico in 1835 which early settlers called "Whiteside's Prairie". Stark S. Cockrill, who came from Missouri in 1852, was the first settler at the hill where he built a general merchandise store. Other settlers followed soon after and the town was surveyed and platted into blocks. At that point, the developing town was known as "Cockrill's Hill" and remained so until 1857, when the townspeople applied for a post office permit and changed the name of the town to "Milton" (the name of Cockrill's son). The application for that name was denied. After deliberation, the citizens decided to name the town "Cistern", because the water wells in the area had high mineral concentrations requiring that they use cisterns for potable water. It is said that the townspeople went to the large cistern at the mercantile store so often that the most common answer given when they were asked where they were going was "to the cistern". The Cistern post office opened in March 1858, and the town has been known by that name ever since.
In 1900, Cistern had 150 residents and a general merchandise store, a drugstore and saloon, a blacksmith shop with a gin, and a doctor. In 1950 Cistern had 150 people, two stores, two garages. The Cistern Post Office was discontinued in December, 1953, after which Cistern residents received mail from Flatonia. In the 1950s and 1960s, cotton became less popular as a crop, and more landowners turned to ranching and producing chickens. Some oilfields were discovered in the 1950s and 1960s, and a number of wells were drilled, although most were eventually plugged, with the land turned back into pasture. In the 1980s, Cistern had 75 residents and three businesses. In both the 1990 and 2000 censuses, the community had 75 residents.

## Culture

Cistern has Anglo-American, Czech American, and German-American residents. The community is focused on Catholic and Lutheran churches, the Harmony Club, fraternal organizations, and the local school.

## Education

Cistern is within the Flatonia Independent School District. During some points in its history, Cistern had its own school. In 1950, Cistern had a consolidated high school with two teachers.
# LaMotta

LaMotta may refer to:
* Jake LaMotta (1922–2017), American boxer
* Joey LaMotta (1925–2020), American boxer and manager
* Joseph LaMotta (1948–1998), the son of boxer Jake LaMotta
* Richard LaMotta (1942–2010), the inventor of the Chipwich ice cream sandwich
* Vikki LaMotta (1930–2005), the wife of boxer Jake LaMotta
# Epropetes elongata

Epropetes elongata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins in 1975.
# Frâncu

Frâncu or Frîncu is a Romanian ethnonymic surname originated from the nickname meaning "French person". Notable people with the surname include:
* Amos Frâncu [ro] (1866 - 1933), Romanian lawyer and politician, notable supporter of the Great Union
* Doru Frîncu, Romanian bobsledder
* Gedeon Frâncu [ro] (1894–1955) Romanian politician, M.P.
* Victoria Frîncu, better known as Victoria Bezetti, Romanian classical soprano
# C57

C57 may refer to:
* ARM Cadete Fernando Montes de Oca (C57), an Admirable-class minesweeper of the Mexican Navy
* Caldwell 57, a barred irregular galaxy
* C57BL/6, a common inbred strain of lab mouse
* Fried Liver Attack, a chess opening
* HMS Cumberland (C57), a County-class heavy cruiser of the Royal Navy
* Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1936 of the International
* JNR Class C57, a class of Japanese 4-6-2 "Pacific" type steam locomotive
* Lockheed C-57 Lodestar, an American military aircraft
# Kretzschau

Kretzschau is a municipality in the Burgenlandkreis district, in southern Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde Droyßiger-Zeitzer Forst. As of December 2020, its population is 2,409. On 1 January 2010 it absorbed the former municipalities Döschwitz and Grana.
# Büttstedt

Büttstedt is a municipality in the district of Eichsfeld in Thuringia, Germany.
# Şekerpare (film)

Şekerpare (English: Sugar Pie Lady) is a 1983 Turkish comedy film directed by Atıf Yılmaz.

## Cast

* İlyas Salman - Cumali
* Şener Şen - Ziver Bey
* Yaprak Özdemiroğlu - Sekerpare
* Ayşen Gruda - Peyker
* Şevket Altuğ - Hursit
* Neriman Köksal - Letafet
* Berrin Koper [tr] - Afet
* Ali Taygun [tr] - Galatali
* Serra Yılmaz - Mahmure
* Ayten Erman - Hamdune
* Hüseyin Kutman [tr] - Nazir
# Jakob Hurt

Jakob Hurt (22 July [O.S. 10 July] 1839 in Himmaste – 13 January 1907 [O.S. 31 December 1906] in St Petersburg) was a notable Estonian folklorist, theologian, and linguist. With respect to the last, he is perhaps best known for his dissertation on "pure" -ne stem nouns ("Die estnischen Nomina auf -ne purum", 1886).
Also known as the "king of Estonian folklore", Hurt planned the publication in the 1870s of a six volume series called Monumenta Estoniae Antiquae. Hurt organised around 1400 volunteer collectors via a press campaign, who visited almost every house in Livonia collecting around 124,000 pages of folklore. Due to financial difficulties, however, only two volumes of folk songs were published in 1875–76, entitled Vana kannel (Old Zither). Two more volumes were published in 1938 and 1941. Hurt also published a three volume collection called Setukeste laulud (The Setos' Songs) between 1894 and 1907.
There are monuments to him at Tartu and in Põlva. Tartu, Põlva, Otepää and Himmaste also have a street named after him. He was also featured on the 10 krooni note.

## Membership in organisations

Jakob Hurt was an honorary alumnus of the Estonian Students' Society.
# Jakob Huwyler

Jakob Huwyler II (30 August 1867 – 27 April 1938), Swiss artist, was born in Sursee LU, the son of Jakob Huwyler I, another painter. He is famous for painting the frescos in the Catholic church of St. Andreas in Gremheim (Dillingen, Germany).

## Life
### Training as an artist

The artistic career of Jakob Huwyler II started in the School of Applied Arts in Lucerne and Munich, where he was able to study thanks to a scholarship from the Art Academy. He studied under professors Friedrich Fehr and Ludwig Schmid-Reutte

### An academic and artistic career

Besides the restoration of many important frescoes, he created a number of original works, ceiling frescoes, altarpieces and crossroads. He lived in Munich from 1888 to 1933. During this period, he painted the ceilings of the church of St. Andreas in 1908 and 1927 with remarkable scenes of the holy family, the annunciation and the way to the cross. He later moved to Ruswil LU. Since 1933, he performed various religious paintings in Grossdietwil, Grosswangen, Ruswil, Rüediswil and Sursee. He painted the frescos in the chapel of St. Jost and St. Wendelin in Rüediswil (Lucerne, Switzerland) in 1936. Besides the frescoes, he worked as portrait painter. His talent to express the essence and the character of people gained the highest recognition. He died in Ruswil (Lucern) in 1938. His younger son Willy Huwiler took over his legacy to start the third generation of artists.
# Reverse hierarchy

A reverse hierarchy (or inverted pyramid) is a conceptual organizational structure that attempts to "invert" or otherwise "reverse" the classical pyramid of hierarchical organizations.
In the proposed structure, key decisions are made by the employees in direct contact with customers, while progressively senior management positions provide support and help to the customer-facing employees.

## History and examples

The term "invert the pyramid" is attributed to Jan Carlzon, who transformed SAS airlines by giving front line employees authority to make decisions on the spot. The creation of the reverse hierarchy has been attributed to the Nordstrom retail organization. Other notable adopters of this structure include the United Parcel Service and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce.
# Reverse index

Database management systems provide multiple types of indexes to improve performance and data integrity across diverse applications. Index types include b-trees, bitmaps, and r-trees.
In database management systems, a reverse key index strategy reverses the key value before entering it in the index. E.g., the value 24538 becomes 83542 in the index. Reversing the key value is particularly useful for indexing data such as sequence numbers, where each new key value is greater than the prior value, i.e., values monotonically increase. Reverse key indexes have become particularly important in high volume transaction processing systems because they reduce contention for index blocks.

## Creating data

Reversed key indexes use b-tree structures, but preprocess key values before inserting them. Simplifying, b-trees place similar values on a single index block, e.g., storing 24538 on the same block as 24539. This makes them efficient both for looking up a specific value and for finding values within a range. However, if the application inserts values in sequence, each insert must have access to the newest block in the index in order to add the new value. If many users attempt to insert at the same time, they all must write to that block and have to get in line, slowing down the application. This is particularly a problem in clustered databases, which may require the block to be copied from one computer's memory to another's to allow the next user to perform their insert.
Reversing the key spreads similar new values across the entire index instead of concentrating them in any one leaf block. This means that 24538 appears on the same block as 14538 while 24539 goes to a different block, eliminating this cause of contention. (Since 14538 would have been created long before 24538, their inserts don't interfere with each other.)

## Querying data

Reverse indexes are just as efficient as unreversed indexes for finding specific values, although they aren't helpful for range queries. Range queries are uncommon for artificial values such as sequence numbers. When searching the index, the query processor simply reverses the search target before looking it up.

## Deleting data

Typically, applications delete data that is older on average before deleting newer data. Thus, data with lower sequence numbers generally go before those with higher values. As time passes, in standard b-trees, index blocks for lower values end up containing few values, with a commensurate increase in unused space, referred to as "rot". Rot not only wastes space, but slows query speeds, because a smaller fraction of a rotten index's blocks fit in memory at any one time. In a b-tree, if 14538 gets deleted, its index space remains empty. In a reverse index, if 14538 goes before 24538 arrives, 24538 can reuse 14538's space.