OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Deborah & Clare

Deborah & Clare were bespoke shirtmakers based in Beauchamp Place, London SW3 from 1965 to 1975. Examples of their work are in the Victoria & Albert Museum.

## History

Deborah Wood and Clare Bewicke set up business together as designers in 1965, working from a condemned basement in Walton Street, Chelsea. Observing a general lack of innovation in men's clothes they moved into the specialised field of bespoke shirts, using a Greek shirtmaker in London's East End. Until this time custom-made men's shirts were largely the preserve of Jermyn Street, catering to a traditional elite.
The shop soon became known for contemporary design within the classic art of shirtmaking. Sample books of fine English shirtings sat reassuringly on the desk alongside more sensual cloths from the collections of Europe's most sophisticated textile manufacturers.
A visit to New York in 1967 produced an offer of backing from Ahmet Ertigan to open a London shop, but his pre-requisite that the shop also carried the entire range of Levi jeans was dismissed as "much too serious," and the eventual backing came from David Astor.
Shirtmakers trained in Jermyn Street were found after a lengthy search. Andy and Annie Mullins, who had between them the vital skills of Cutter and Collar-maker. "It's two girls on the game," Andy told his wife "making shirts as a cover up." Alan Holston, poached from Dandie Fashions in Kings Road became the popular manager. The shop was designed by David Mlinaric, and opened in December 1967. Terracotta walls with putty-coloured paintwork were the backdrop for polished glass shelves of stock shirts and racks of cloth. It was a cave of colour, and No 29 Beauchamp Place became one of the trendiest venues in London, attracting a global clientele of all persuasion.
Deborah sold out to Clare in 1973, and Clare left the business in 1975.
Deborah, as head designer of clothes and textiles played a leading role in the Laura Ashley story for ten years from 1978. Clare trained as a polarity therapist and went on to practice in the world of complementary medicine.
Examples of Deborah & Clare shirts are in the Victoria & Albert Museum.
# Emerge

Emerge may refer to:
* Emerge: The Best of Neocolours, the fourth album of Neocolours
* Emerge (magazine), a defunct news magazine
* Emerge Stimulation Drink, a drink sold in UK Supermarkets
* "Emerge" (song), a song by Fischerspooner
* emerge, a command-line tool at the heart of the Portage package management system
* Emerge, a frontend for the diff and diff3 commands for Emacs
# Compsoptera caesaraugustanus

Compsoptera caesaraugustanus is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Redondo in 1995. It is found in Spain.
# Esto no tiene nombre

Esto no tiene nombre (Spanish: "This has no name") may refer to:
* Esto no tiene nombre (magazine), international Latina lesbian magazine founded by tatiana de la tierra
* Esto no tiene nombre (tv show), Puerto Rican comedy show sometimes featuring Eddie López (journalist)
# Congopresse

Congopresse was a photographic agency active in the Belgian Congo and in the early years of the Republic of the Congo.

## History

Congopresse was founded in 1947, under the aegis of the Belgian colonial administration's Centre d'information et de documentation du Congo belge et du Ruanda-Urundi. The agency served was the main source of documentary photography and photojournalism from Congo in the 1950s, as foreign press rarely traveled to the Congo or took their own photographs there. The photos were sent to Brussels where the Ministry of Colonies compiled, edited, and disseminated them as propaganda.
Congopresse largely relied on European photographers in its early years. Joseph Makula was hired as its first Congolese photographer in 1956. The European staff all left at independence, and in the 1960s Makula trained a new generation of Congolese photographers to replace them, including Mpate Sulia, the agency's only female photographer. The agency closed in 1968. The Royal Museum for Central Africa in Belgium currently maintains the Congopresse archives.
# Graphical lasso

In statistics, the graphical lasso is a sparse penalized maximum likelihood estimator for the concentration or precision matrix (inverse of covariance matrix) of a multivariate elliptical distribution. The original variant was formulated to solve Dempster's covariance selection problem for the multivariate Gaussian distribution when observations were limited. Subsequently, the optimization algorithms to solve this problem were improved and extended to other types of estimators and distributions.

## Setting

Consider observations $X_{1},X_{2},\ldots ,X_{n}$ from multivariate Gaussian distribution $X\sim N(0,\Sigma )$. We are interested in estimating the precision matrix $\Theta =\Sigma ^{-1}$.
The graphical lasso estimator is the ${\hat {\Theta }}$ such that:
    ${\hat {\Theta }}=\operatorname {argmin} _{\Theta \geq 0}\left(\operatorname {tr} (S\Theta )-\log \det(\Theta )+\lambda \sum _{j\neq k}|\Theta _{jk}|\right)$
where $S$ is the sample covariance, and $\lambda$ is the penalizing parameter.

## Application

To obtain the estimator in programs, users could use the R package glasso, GraphicalLasso class in the scikit-learn Python library, or the skggm Python package (similar to scikit-learn).
# Samuel Bickerton Harman

Samuel Bickerton Harman (20 December 1819 – 26 March 1892) was a Canadian lawyer, accountant, politician, civil servant, and Mayor of Toronto from 1869 to 1870.

## Early life

Harman was born in Brompton, London, England, to Samuel Harman, West Indian planter and office holder, and Dorothy Bruce Murray. After graduating from King's College School in London, he became a clerk with the Colonial Bank at its Barbados branch in 1840, and in 1843 became accountant and later manager of its Grenada branch. He married Georgiana Huson, the daughter of a Barbadian planter, in Toronto in 1842.
He returned to England in 1847 and moved to Upper Canada the following year in order to tend to some investments of his wife's family. By the early 1850s, he was reading law, and was called to the bar in 1855. He would serve as a bencher of the Law Society of Upper Canada from 1869 to 1871.
Harman was involved in many significant activities concerning Toronto's upper class:
   * member of the first synod of the Anglican Diocese of Toronto in 1853, eventually being appointed as its treasurer and then as its registrar;
   * helping to form the Toronto Boat Club (the predecessor of the Royal Canadian Yacht Club) in 1852;
   * serving on the executive of the Saint George's Society, eventually becoming its president in 1860;
   * being a master freemason from 1842, and instrumental in introducing the Knights Templar into Toronto in 1854 (in which he would act as a senior officer until 1882).
   * he was also a member of the Orange Order in Canada.
When the Institute of Accountants and Adjusters of Ontario failed to secure an Act of incorporation from the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, Harman was named as its president. His political skills and stage-managing of the Toronto business élite enabled its incorporation as the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario in 1883.

## Political career

Harman held many elected and appointed positions with the City of Toronto:
   * alderman for St Andrew's Ward (1866–1868, 1871–1872)
   * Mayor of Toronto (1869–1870)
   * assessment commissioner (1872–1874)
   * city treasurer (1874–1888)
# Pseudalsophis hephaestus

Pseudalsophis hephaestus, otherwise known as the Santiago racer, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae.

## Distribution

The snake is endemic to Santiago Island in the Galápagos Islands.
# St. Mark's Church, Dublin

St Mark's Church is a Pentecostal church located at 42A Pearse Street, Dublin, Ireland. The church is affiliated with Christian Churches Ireland, the Irish branch of the Assemblies of God. The church has two Sunday services; 10am and 11:45am.
Built in 1729 as a Church of Ireland parish church, closed by the Anglicans in 1971, the building was acquired by Trinity College Dublin, before becoming a Pentecostal church in 1987.

## Church of Ireland ownership
### The church building

The former Church of Ireland church building is a large building surrounded by a grassy churchyard, and was erected in 1729 off what was then Great Brunswick Street, now Pearse Street. It was consecrated by the Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin, Charles Cobbe, on St Mark's Day, 25 April 1757.
Works were carried out on the church in 1853 by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners.
The Church of Ireland closed the St Mark's Church in 1971. Its contents were distributed throughout the Church of Ireland, and the parish records were transferred to the Representative Church Body. After its closure the building was purchased by Trinity College Dublin which used it occasionally for exams and lectures.
In 1987 the building was purchased by the Family Worship Centre, a Pentecostal assembly, renovated, and re-opened as a place of worship.

### The parish

The former Church of Ireland congregation was formed from that of St Andrew's Church, Dublin by a 1707 Act of Parliament, and corresponded to the civil parish of the same name.

### The churchyard

The church was surrounded on three sides by a churchyard which contained a large number of graves. In the 18th and early 19th centuries it was a favourite target of body snatchers, owing to its proximity to Trinity College, which taught medicine. A wall was built around the churchyard to try to prevent access. In 1892-3 the wall was removed and a railing substituted.

## Notable parishioners

* Oscar Wilde was baptised in the former Church of Ireland church
* Katie Taylor, an Olympic gold medalist, is a member of the Pentecostal congregation
# Drognitz

Drognitz is a municipality in the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, in Thuringia, Germany.
# Liouville's theorem

Liouville's theorem has various meanings, all mathematical results named after Joseph Liouville:
* In complex analysis, see Liouville's theorem (complex analysis)
** There is also a related theorem on harmonic functions
* In conformal mappings, see Liouville's theorem (conformal mappings)
* In Hamiltonian mechanics, see Liouville's theorem (Hamiltonian) and Liouville–Arnold theorem
* In linear differential equations, see Liouville's formula
* In transcendence theory and diophantine approximations, the theorem that any Liouville number is transcendental
* In differential algebra, see Liouville's theorem (differential algebra)
* In differential geometry, see Liouville's equation
* In coarse-grained modelling, see Liouville's equation in coarse graining phase space in classical physics and fine graining of states in quantum physics (von Neumann density matrix)
# Elm Center, Ohio

Elm Center is an unincorporated community in Putnam County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

Elm Center had its start as a station on the railroad. A post office called Elm Center was established in 1887 and remained in operation until 1903.
# Compsophis laphystius

Compsophis laphystius is a species of snake in the subfamily Pseudoxyrhophiinae of the family Pseudoxyrhophiidae. The species is endemic to Madagascar.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of C. laphystius is the riparian zone of humid forest.

## Diet

C. laphystius preys upon frogs.

## Reproduction

C. laphystius is oviparous.
# Finswimming at the 2001 World Games – Women's 400 m surface

The women's 400 m surface competition in finswimming at the 2001 World Games took place on 25 August 2001 at the Akita Prefectural Pool in Akita, Japan.

## Competition format

A total of 15 athletes entered the competition. The best eight athletes from the preliminary round qualifies to the final.

## Results
### Preliminary

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Note |
| 1 | Wang Yan | China | 3:34.22 | Q |
| 2 | Elena Gracheva | Russia | 3:34.34 | Q |
| 3 | Hana Vykoukalová | Czech Republic | 3:37.83 | Q |
| 4 | Bettina Müller | Germany | 3:37.95 | Q |
| 5 | Anastassia Glukhikh | Russia | 3:37.96 | Q |
| 6 | Michaela Simaicová | Czech Republic | 3:38.35 | Q |
| 7 | Christine Müller | Germany | 3:38.60 | Q |
| 8 | Chun Sung-sun | South Korea | 3:38.72 | Q |
| 9 | Wu Xiaohui | China | 3:42.59 | |
| 10 | Cho Ju-hee | South Korea | 3:45.40 | |
| 11 | Hajnalka Debreczeni | Hungary | 3:45.42 | |
| 12 | Maria Hernandez | Colombia | 3:49.02 | |
| 13 | Marina Nagy | Hungary | 3:53.17 | |
| 14 | Nicole Voet | Netherlands | 3:57.19 | |
| | Azusa Kamio | Japan | DNS | |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time |
| | Elena Gracheva | Russia | 3:27.27 |
| | Anastassia Glukhikh | Russia | 3:33.81 |
| | Bettina Müller | Germany | 3:35.21 |
| 4 | Hana Vykoukalová | Czech Republic | 3:35.74 |
| 5 | Christine Müller | Germany | 3:38.70 |
| 6 | Chun Sung-sun | South Korea | 3:40.56 |
| 7 | Michaela Simaicová | Czech Republic | 3:43.10 |
| 8 | Wang Yan | China | 3:44.73 |
# Julián Lombana

Julián Lombana Herrera was a Colombian architect, standing out for being one of the architects in charge of the construction of the Casa de Nariño. Lombana was known as the cement surgeon during his career, he intervened in around 28 constructions, including the Cathedral of Our Lady of Lourdes in Bogotá, the Palacio Liévano, the Central Cemetery of Bogotá and the founding building of Bancolombia.
# Continental Youth Championship

The Continental Youth Championships (CYC) is an annual weekend tournament of Gaelic football, hurling, and camogie organized by the Gaelic Athletic Association. It is contested by teams from the US and Canada, and is a separate competition from the existing youth championships in the New York, Canadian, and NACB areas. It began in 2004, and its location rotates around various cities from year to year. The age of players ranges from Under 8 to Under 18.
Hosts:
* 2004 – New York GAA
* 2005 – San Francisco GAA
* 2006 – Boston GAA
* 2007 – Chicago GAA
* 2008 – Philadelphia GAA
* 2009 – San Francisco GAA
* 2010 – New York GAA
* 2011 – Boston GAA
* 2012 – Chicago GAA
* 2013 – Philadelphia GAA
* 2014 – New York GAA
* 2015 – San Francisco GAA
* 2016 – Chicago GAA
* 2017 – Buffalo GAA
* 2018 – Boston GAA
* 2019 – Philadelphia GAA

## Growth

The CYC has grown at a rapid rate since its inception. In 2006 it consisted of over 200 games played in three days. In 2014, 640 games were played in the four days. Reasons given for its popularity compared to the existing youth tournaments are:
* Scheduling games at a time when children are not at school and when it is convenient and economical for kids and parents to travel
* The whole weekend is focussed exclusively on the children rather than youth games being played alongside adult games that draw more attention
* The atmosphere is a lot different from events such as the NACB play-offs because of the focus on underage games
The popularity of the CYC led to a decline in the number of teams participating in the North American Youth playoffs that used to run alongside the NACB adult play-offs on the Labor Day weekend. Teams from the US and Canada take part, and British teams used to compete before the British GAA formed their own competition.

## Management

The CYC was developed by the GAA's Overseas Development Committee under Gene Duffy, and is managed directly from Croke Park by the CYC Steering Committee that consists of officials at Croke Park as well as members of the GAA in North America. At local level, the event is planned by the CYC Hosting Committee whose membership changes from year to year as the tournament moves from city to city.

## International Play

The tournament used to be highlighted by international games which took place before the rest of the tournament. This showcase highlighted the USGAA team (formerly the NACB team), the London All-Stars, and the New York All-Stars representing the NYGAA.
| Year | CYC Champion |
| 2007 | London |
| 2008 | London |
| 2009 | North American County Board |
| 2010 | North American County Board |
# Alibris

37°50′3″N 122°17′6.33″W﻿ / ﻿37.83417°N 122.2850917°W﻿ / 37.83417; -122.2850917
Alibris is an online store that sells new books, used books, out-of-print books, rare books, and other media through an online network of independent booksellers.

## History

Martin Manley founded Alibris in 1997 with the team behind early online book marketplace Interloc, which Alibris purchased. Interloc was founded by book seller Richard Weatherford, programmer Tom Sawyer and computer tech Brad Councilman in 1994.
Interloc was one of the earliest successful efforts to centralize used book data online. It remained a private network until 1996, when the company launched its website built in Thunderstone Texis by Senior Engineer Michael Warchut. The Alibris website was launched on October 23, 1998 at 14:30PM EST also built by Michael Warchut.
Alibris was incorporated in 1998.
Alibris acquired Bibliocity in October 1999.
The company was backed by venture capital until 2006, when it was purchased by Oak Hill Capital Partners, a private equity firm. In February 2010, Oak Hill Capital Partners bought Monsoon and merged it with Alibris with Monsoon Commerce owning Alibris. As of February 2017, Alibris was owned by AM Holding Inc. (formerly Monsoon Commerce Inc.) In 2017 Alibris Holding sold off Monsoon Commerce of Portland and Stonegde Technologies of Collegeville, PA, and Alibris was subsequently sold in June 2017 to a private investor.
The company remains privately owned.

## Company

Booksellers list their inventories on Alibris which in turn offers the books on its retail website, a separate library services site, and business-to-business partners such as Barnes & Noble, Half Price Books, Walmart, and eBay. It also offers services in the UK through the Alibris.co.uk website. It offers more than 250 million books from a network of over 6000 booksellers in 65 countries.
Most sales made through Alibris are fulfilled by the bookseller directly to the end customer. Sales to libraries or other institutions or books needing transoceanic shipping are consolidated in a distribution center in Sparks, Nevada. Alibris also has a similar network for music (albums, cassette tapes, and CDs) and movies (VHS or DVD).
Alibris allows customers to buy and sell at the same time. Alibris charges a starting fee that varies based on what is being sold and what kind of commission is charged.
Alibris was a charter member of the Google eBooks service when it was announced by Google on December 6, 2010.
# Crowell Trust

The Crowell Trust (full name: The Henry Parsons Crowell and Susan Coleman Crowell Trust) is a charitable foundation in the United States which states that it "is dedicated to the teaching and active extension of the doctrines of Evangelical Christianity". It has funded a television program opposing evolution, which television station KNME refused to broadcast.
The foundation was established in 1927 by American businessman Henry Parsons Crowell, who was founder of the Quaker Oats Company, but not himself a Quaker. The foundation makes grants to various organizations in order to promote Evangelical Christianity.
# Driss Seghir

Driss Seghir is a Moroccan short-story writer. He was born on May 21, 1948, in Kenitra, Morocco.

## Works

Author of :
* «Curse & The Blue Words» short stories 1976
* «Odious Time», novel 1983
* «Of Children & Homeland» short stories in 1985
* «Terrifying Faces in A Terrifying Street» short stories, 1985
* «Great River Concerto» novel in 1990
* «Dreams Of The Beautiful Butterflies» a play in 1995
* «Last-Chance Harbour» novel co-authored with Abdel Hamid El Gharbaoui in 1995
* «His Excellency The Minister» short stories in 1999

## Co-Author of

* «A Dialogue Between Two Generations» short stories co-authored with Mohamed Said Raihani
# Franz Schrotzberg

Franz Schrotzberg (2 April 1811, Vienna – 29 May 1889, Graz) was an Austrian portrait painter.

## Life and work

From 1825 to 1831, he was a student at the Academy of Fine Arts. During his time there, he was awarded three prizes and given a scholarship. At the age of nineteen, he became friends with the landscape painter Karl Marko, who had a significant influence on his artistic approach, although he would eventually turn to portrait painting.
In 1832, he first exhibited some portraits and mythological scenes. Five years later, he made an extended study trip to Italy, then, in 1842, to Belgium. He became a member of the Academy the following year. He also visited London and Paris. By the 1850s, he was one of the most sought-after painters of female portraits in Vienna.
His opulent style proved to be controversial among his contemporaries, however. In 1903 the art critic Ludwig Hevesi wrote that he was "silky smooth" (seidenglatte), as well as a mild (gelinder) Viennese version of Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and had the luck to make his career by painting a youthful Empress Elisabeth.
In addition to painting, he taught at the Academy, where his students included the portrait painter Ernst Lafite [de], later said to be his "successor". His paintings of the Habsburgs and other members of the nobility were often reproduced as lithographs by Josef Kriehuber, August Prinzhofer, Adolf Dauthage and Franz Eybl, among others. In 1867, he was awarded the Order of Franz Joseph. A street in Vienna's Leopoldstadt district was named after him in 1899.
He was married to Eleonore Stohl. Their daughter, Helene, married the progressive educator Ludwig Gurlitt [de] in 1890.

## Gallery

* Princess Maria Carolina, Duchess of Aumale (1822–1869), wife of Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale (1822-1897), at 20 years old, 1842
* Auguste of Solms-Braunfels, Princess of Schwarzburg
* Baroness Leontina von Wenckheim in court dress, 1866
* Caroline Augusta of Bavaria, empress of Austria, 1846
* Marie Countess Kinsky (b.1809), 1840
* Portrait of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria, 1860
* Princess Marie Gabriela of Lobkowicz (1793 - 1863), the eldest of thirteen children of the seventh reigning Prince of Lobkowicz, 1843
* Maximilián Marie (1827 – 1849, left) was originally supposed to succeed his father, the 8th ruling prince of the House of Lobkowicz, but after his untimely death, his younger brother Mořic Alois (1831 – 1903, centre) took over this task. On the right is their sister, Princess Leopoldina Luisa (1835 - 1892), 1844