OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1999–2000 I-Divisioona season

The 1999–2000 I-Divisioona season was the 26th and final season of the I-Divisioona, the second level of Finnish ice hockey. The second-level Finnish league became the Mestis for the 2000–01 season. 12 teams participated in the league, and Kärpät Oulu, Vaasan Sport, and Diskos Jyväskylä qualified for the promotion/relegation round of the SM-liiga.

## Regular season

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| 1. | Kärpät Oulu | 48 | 42 | 3 | 3 | 285:91 | 87 |
| 2. | Vaasan Sport | 48 | 31 | 5 | 12 | 190:116 | 67 |
| 3. | Diskos Jyväskylä | 48 | 24 | 7 | 17 | 178:167 | 55 |
| 4. | TuTo Hockey | 48 | 26 | 3 | 19 | 152:151 | 55 |
| 5. | JoKP Joensuu | 48 | 23 | 6 | 19 | 166:153 | 52 |
| 6. | KooKoo Kouvola | 48 | 22 | 3 | 23 | 155:175 | 47 |
| 7. | Hermes Kokkola | 48 | 19 | 4 | 25 | 155:190 | 42 |
| 8. | FPS Forssa | 48 | 19 | 2 | 27 | 144:169 | 40 |
| 9. | Jää-Kotkat Uusikaupunki | 48 | 19 | 1 | 28 | 144:192 | 39 |
| 10. | Haukat Järvenpää | 48 | 18 | 1 | 29 | 134:177 | 37 |
| 11. | Ahmat Hyvinkää | 48 | 17 | 2 | 29 | 154:185 | 36 |
| 12. | SaPKo Savonlinna | 48 | 8 | 3 | 37 | 134:225 | 19 |

## Playoffs
### Final round

* Vaasan Sport - Jää-Kotkat Uusikaupunki 2:0 (3:1, 4:3)
* JoKP Joensuu - KooKoo 2:1 (2:0, 2:4, 5:2)
* Diskos Jyväskylä - FPS Forssa 2:1 (3:0, 2:7, 3:0)
* TuTo Hockey - Hermes Kokkola 2:1 (3:2, 0:1, 3:1)

### Second round

* Vaasan Sport - JoKP Joensuu 2:0 (5:1, 2:1)
* Diskos Jyväskylä - TuTo Hockey 2:1 (6:2, 3:7, 5:1)

## Relegation

* Mikkelin Jukurit - SaPKo Savonlinna 3:2 (2:6, 1:6, 5:2, 4:1, 4:0)
* Ahmat Hyvinkää - Kiekko Vantaa 1:3 (3:9, 9:2, 3:6, 2:6)
# Bror Wiberg

Bror Wiberg (14 June 1890 – 18 June 1935) was a Finnish footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1912 Summer Olympics. He played in Russia.
# 2012 All Japan Indoor Tennis Championships

The 2012 All Japan Indoor Tennis Championships was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 16th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Kyoto, Japan between 5 and 11 June March.

## ATP entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| JPN | Go Soeda | 81 | 1 |
| TUN | Malek Jaziri | 104 | 2 |
| JPN | Tatsuma Ito | 105 | 3 |
| JPN | Yūichi Sugita | 174 | 4 |
| THA | Danai Udomchoke | 177 | 5 |
| TPE | Yang Tsung-hua | 181 | 6 |
| AUS | Benjamin Mitchell | 214 | 7 |
| FIN | Harri Heliövaara | 215 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of February 27, 2012.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Takuto Niki
* Takao Suzuki
* Shota Tagawa
* Yasutaka Uchiyama
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Matthew Barton
* Brydan Klein
* Purav Raja
* Yi Chu-huan

## Champions
### Singles

* Tatsuma Ito def. Malek Jaziri, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 6–1, 6–2

### Doubles

* Sanchai Ratiwatana / Sonchat Ratiwatana def. Hsieh Cheng-peng / Lee Hsin-han, 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, 6–3
# Dagger (13th–12th centuries BC, Artik)

The Dagger from the 13th to 12th centuries BC was discovered in Artik as a monolithic, wedge-shaped, blade dagger. It is kept in the History Museum of Armenia's collection under the number 2346-331.

## Description

The dagger is a single cast, bronze, wedge-shaped blade, measuring 44 cm × 4.6 cm (17.3 in × 1.8 in). The double-edged dagger is decorated on both sides with furrows and single embossed serpents crawling between them. It is made of a complex technical method, using two-tone metal (glowing reddish copper reliefs incrusted on a yellow surface). There is a running spiral carved on the upper widening part of the blade. The wrist holds a tubular, spherical head, where there are triangular partitions forming separate sections, preserving wooden inlays.
# Gaetano Mignani

Gaetano Mignani (31 August 1882 – 29 January 1973) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as Apostolic vicar of Kianfu (Ji'an Prefecture), he became the first Catholic Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ji'an when the region was elevated to a diocese in 1946, a position he would hold until 1951, when the new Communist government expelled him from the country.

## Biography

Born 31 August 1882 in Piumazza di Castelfranco Emilia, Bologna, Italy, Mignani was a member of the Congregation of the Mission, commonly known as the Vincentians, professing at 21 years of age in 1904. Ordained to the priesthood on 19 March 1905, Mignani served as a missionary in China. At the age of 45, he was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Kianfu, receiving his episcopal consecration with the titular see of Cassandria on 17 February 1929.
Succeeding to the Vicariate of Kianfu on 15 October 1931 following the retirement of Monsignor Nicola Cicero CM. When Kianfu [Ji'an], was elevated to a diocese on 11 April 1946 by Pope Pius XII, Mignani became its first bishop.
On 14 June 1951, Chinese police escorted him to the Hong Kong frontier and he was expelled from China.
He participated in all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council.
Mignani retained his office until his death in Rome on 29 January 1973, at 90 years of age.
In his will, Bishop Mignani requested to be buried in his Cathedral of Ji'an, but due to political unrest in China, his remains still lie at the Verano Cemetery of Rome.
# Ernest Chavez

Ernest Chavez may refer to:
* Ernest Chavez (politician)
* Ernest Chavez (fighter)
# John Kiely (baseball)

John Francis Kiely (born October 4, 1964) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Detroit Tigers from 1991 to 1993.

## Biography

A native of Boston, Massachusetts, Kiely attended Brockton High School and Bridgewater State College. In 1987, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Wareham Gatemen of the Cape Cod Baseball League.
Kiely signed with the Detroit Tigers as an amateur free agent in 1987 and made his major league debut for Detroit in 1991. He enjoyed his most productive season in 1992 when he posted a 4–2 record with a 2.13 ERA over 39 appearances for the Tigers.
# Round Grove Township, White County, Indiana

Round Grove Township is one of twelve townships in White County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 252 and it contained 100 housing units.
Round Grove Township was established in 1858. The township was named for a former round grove in the southern half of the township.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 35.51 square miles (92.0 km$^2$), of which 35.48 square miles (91.9 km$^2$) (or 99.92%) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.078 km$^2$) (or 0.08%) is water.

### Unincorporated towns

* Round Grove at 40°35′25″N 87°01′49″W﻿ / ﻿40.590314°N 87.030293°W﻿ / 40.590314; -87.030293
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

### Adjacent townships

* West Point Township (north)
* Prairie Township (east)
* Wabash Township, Tippecanoe County (southeast)
* Shelby Township, Tippecanoe County (south)
* Bolivar Township, Benton County (southwest)
* Pine Township, Benton County (west)
* Gilboa Township, Benton County (northwest)

## School districts

* Tri-County School Corporation

## Political districts

* Indiana's 4th congressional district
* State House District 15
* State Senate District 07
# 2000 1. deild

In 2000, 1. deild was the top tier league in Faroe Islands football (since 2005, the top tier has been the Faroe Islands Premier League, with 1. deild becoming the second tier).
This article details the statistics of Faroe Islands Premier League Football in the 2000 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 10 teams, and VB Vágur won the championship.

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | VB Vágur | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 40 | 22 | +18 | 40 |
| 2 | Havnar Bóltfelag | 18 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 40 | 21 | +19 | 38 |
| 3 | B68 Toftir | 18 | 10 | 1 | 7 | 43 | 38 | +5 | 31 |
| 4 | NSÍ Runavík | 18 | 9 | 3 | 6 | 43 | 29 | +14 | 30 |
| 5 | KÍ Klaksvík | 18 | 9 | 3 | 6 | 42 | 28 | +14 | 30 |
| 6 | B36 Tórshavn | 18 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 49 | 27 | +22 | 28 |
| 7 | GÍ Gøta | 18 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 41 | 38 | +3 | 26 |
| 8 | B71 Sandur | 18 | 4 | 2 | 12 | 25 | 33 | −8 | 14 |
| 9 | FS Vágar | 18 | 3 | 2 | 13 | 22 | 54 | −32 | 11 |
| 10 | Sumba ÍF | 18 | 3 | 1 | 14 | 16 | 71 | −55 | 10 |

## Results

The schedule consisted of a total of 18 games. Each team played two games against every opponent in no particular order. One of the games was at home and one was away.
| Home \ Away | B36 | B68 | B71 | FSV | GÍG | HB | KÍ | NSÍ | SUM | VBV |
| B36 Tórshavn | | 1–2 | 2–4 | 6–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–2 | 5–0 | 11–1 | 1–2 |
| B68 Toftir | 1–3 | | 3–1 | 2–0 | 3–7 | 1–1 | 6–1 | 2–0 | 5–1 | 1–2 |
| B71 Sandoy | 1–2 | 2–3 | | 3–0 | 2–2 | 0–1 | 0–4 | 1–2 | 3–0 | 1–2 |
| FS Vágar | 1–3 | 3–2 | 2–1 | | 1–5 | 0–2 | 4–5 | 3–3 | 0–2 | 2–2 |
| GÍ Gøta | 1–0 | 1–2 | 5–3 | 5–1 | | 1–2 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2–3 |
| HB | 2–2 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 4–1 | 5–0 | | 3–4 | 2–5 | 5–1 | 2–2 |
| KÍ | 2–1 | 4–1 | 2–1 | 4–1 | 2–1 | 1–2 | | 0–1 | 9–0 | 2–1 |
| NSÍ Runavík | 2–3 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 3–4 | 0–2 | 2–1 | | 6–1 | 4–0 |
| Sumbiar ítróttarfelag | 0–4 | 1–4 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2–5 | 1–3 | 3–3 | 0–6 | | 1–2 |
| VB Vágur | 1–0 | 4–1 | 0–1 | 6–0 | 5–3 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 3–1 | 3–0 | |

## Top goalscorers

Source: faroesoccer.com

### 16 goals

* Súni Fríði Barbá (B68)

### 15 goals

* Marcello Marcelino (B68)

### 14 goals

* Krzysztof Popczyński (VB)

### 13 goals

* Súni Olsen (GÍ)

### 11 goals

* Andrew av Fløtum (HB)
* Dánial Hansen (NSÍ)

### 10 goals

* Ove Nysted (KÍ)

### 9 goals

* Christian Høgni Jacobsen (NSÍ)
* Robert Cieślewicz (VB)
62°01′00″N 6°46′00″W﻿ / ﻿62.0167°N 6.7667°W﻿ / 62.0167; -6.7667
# Isaac Hughes

Isaac Hughes may refer to:
* Isaac Hughes (missionary), British Calvinist missionary and preacher
* Isaac F. Hughes, Los Angeles businessman and political figure
* Isaac Hughes (footballer), English-born, New Zealand footballer
# Iuridae

The Iuridae are a family of scorpions. Six genera and at least 20 described species are placed in the Iuridae.

## Genera

* Anatoliurus
* Calchas
* Iurus
* Letoiurus
* Metaiurus
* Neocalchas
* Protoiurus
# Empress Yin (Liu Song)

Empress Yin (died 27 May 453) was briefly an empress of the Chinese Liu Song dynasty. Her husband was Liu Shao, the crown prince of Emperor Wen who killed his father in 453 and briefly became emperor.
Lady Yin was a daughter of Yin Chun (殷淳), an official under Emperor Wen, who died in 434 at the age of 31. Lady Yin's grandfather was Yin Mu (殷穆), also an official of Liu Song. Emperor Wen married her to Liu Shao, already his crown prince at that point, on 14 May 438, when he was 12; she was likely around that age as well. She carried the title of crown princess thereafter. It appears likely, although far from certain, that his oldest son Liu Weizhi (劉偉之), was her son.
In spring 453, after Liu Shao had become aware that his father intended to depose him because he and his brother Liu Jun the Prince of Shixing had engaged the witch Yan Daoyu (嚴道育) to curse him to death (so that Liu Shao could become emperor), he carried out a coup d'etat, assassinated Emperor Wen, and took over as emperor. There was no evidence that Crown Princess Yin was involved in the plot, although her uncle Yin Chong (殷沖) thereafter became a key official for Liu Shao. Liu Shao created Crown Princess Yin empress and Liu Weizhi crown prince. During the subsequent war between Liu Shao and his brother Liu Jun the Prince of Wuling (different person than Liu Shao's confederate), Yin Chong was heavily involved in the logistics planning and propaganda for Liu Shao.
Two and a half months after Liu Shao had assassinated Emperor Wen, he was captured and executed by Liu Jun, who had by then taken the throne as Emperor Xiaowu. Empress Yin was captured and forced to commit suicide. Before doing so, she made the comment to Emperor Xiaowu's official Jiang Ke (江恪), who was charged with the task of seeing that she did kill herself, "The Lius are killing each other. Why kill me, an innocent person?" Jiang responded, "You are the empress. How can you say that you are innocent?" She responded, "This was but temporary; he would have soon created Wang Yingwu (王鸚鵡, a servant girl who had been the liaison between Liu Shao and Yan Daoyu) empress." Whether her assertion was true or not is unclear, although it was evidence that her marital relationship with Liu Shao was hardly a strong one. As all four sons of Liu Shao were also executed, and his daughters were forced to commit suicide, none of her children, if any, would have survived.
# GKHS

GKHS may refer to:
* Genoa-Kingston High School, in Genoa, Illinois, US
* Gobardanga Khantura High School, in Gobardanga, West Bengal, India
* Grace King High School in Metairie, Louisiana, US
* Graham-Kapowsin High School in Pierce County, Washington, US
# John Manley (archaeologist)

John Manley (born 1950) is a British archaeologist and author. His book AD 43, published by Tempus in 2002, is the first to give serious consideration to the archaeological evidence for the Roman invasion of Britain having taken place via alternative routes (as opposed to the traditional view of Richborough in Kent as the main landing-place).
Manley was educated at the universities of Manchester and Sussex, and has excavated throughout Europe, as well as in the Near East, Africa and the Caribbean. He was formerly County Archaeologist of Clwyd and Chief Executive of the Sussex Archaeological Society. He is currently an Hon. Research Fellow and a Trustee of the Sussex Archaeological Society.

## Publications

* Atlas of Prehistoric Britain, Phaidon, 1989 ISBN 0714825697
* The Archaeology of Clwyd, with Stephen Grenter and Fiona Gale, Clwyd County Council, 1991 ISBN 9780904449426
* The Atlas of Past Worlds: a comparative chronology of human history 2000 BC – AD 1500, Cassell, 1993 ISBN 0304319813
* AD 43: The Roman Invasion of Britain: a reassessment, Tempus, 2002 ISBN 0752419595
* Facing the Palace: excavations in front of the Roman Palace at Fishbourne, 1995–99, with David Rudkin, Lewes, 2005
* The Archaeology of Fishbourne and Chichester: a framework for its future, Lewes, 2008 ISBN 9780904973082
* The Archaeology of the South Downs National Park: An Introduction, Lewes, 2012 ISBN 9780904973228
* South Downs: Archaeological Walking Guides, History Press, 2013 ISBN 9780752466088
* The Romans, Hodder, 2013 ISBN 9781444183887
* Archaeology, Hodder, 2014 ISBN 9781471805639
* Secrets of the High Woods: revealing hidden landscapes (editor), South Downs National Park Authority, 2016 ISBN 9781527203020
# Comminuted

Comminuted may refer to:
* Comminution, the process in which solid materials are reduced in size, by crushing, grinding and other processes
* Bone fracture, as in a crushed or splintered bone
* Comminuted skull fracture, with broken portions of bone displaced inward
# Leobschützer Kreisblatt

Leobschützer Kreisblatt (lit.: Leobschütz District Paper) was a weekly local newspaper based in the Leobschütz District in the south-west of the Oppeln Region.
The Leobschützer Kreisblatt was printed by W. Wittkes Buchdruckerei and co-published by the Der Landrat. Red.. Printing commenced in 1843.
In 1920 the Leobschützer Kreisblatt underwent crucial changes, such as simplification of its logo and the transition from an exclusively German newspaper over to a split-page bilingual German-Polish newspaper, perhaps in relation to the Upper Silesian Plebiscite. This new format was upheld until the magazine's discontinuation in 1922.
# Rast pitch class set

The Rast pitch class set is a set of scales that are named after the Rast makam. For Rast, there is the Rast tetrachord and Rast pentachord.
It is used as a Çeşni in many makams.

## Rast tetrachord and pentachord in 53-TET

The intervals of the Rast tetrachord and Rast pentachord within 53 Tone Equal Temperament are given in the table:
Rast pitch class set :
| Pentachord | Tetrachord | Note order | Step to next note (Number of steps) | Note name starting from Rast |
| Rast pentachord | Rast tetrachord | 1 | T (9) | Rast |
| Rast pentachord | Rast tetrachord | 2 | K (8) | Dügâh |
| Rast pentachord | Rast tetrachord | 3 | S (5) | Segâh |
| Rast pentachord | Rast tetrachord | 4 | T (9) (Only for pentachord) | Çârgâh |
| Rast pentachord | - | 5 | - | Neva |

## Makams that use the Rast pentachord or Rast tetrachord

| Name of Makam | Lower Çeşni | Higher Çeşni | Higher Çeşni |
| Rast Ascending | Rast pentachord | Rast tetrachord | Rast tetrachord |
| Acemli Rast (Same as Rast Descending) | Rast pentachord | Buselik tetrachord | Buselik tetrachord |
| Basit Suzinak | Rast pentachord | Hicaz tetrachord | Hicaz tetrachord |
| Nikriz | Nikriz pentachord | Rast tetrachord | Buselik tetrachord |
# 2013–14 Biathlon World Cup – World Cup 5

The 2013–14 Biathlon World Cup – World Cup 5 was held in Ruhpolding, Germany, from January 8 until January 12, 2014.

## Schedule of events

| Date | Time | Events |
| 8 January | 14:30 CET | Women's 4x6 km Relay |
| 9 January | 14:30 CET | Men's 4x7.5 km Relay |
| 10 January | 14:15 CET | Women's 15 km Individual |
| 11 January | 12:45 CET | Men's 20 km Individual |
| 12 January | 11:15 CET | Women's 10 km Pursuit |
| 12 January | 13:25 CET | Men's 12.5 km Pursuit |

## Medal winners
### Men

| Event: | Gold: | Time | Silver: | Time | Bronze: | Time |
| 4x7.5 km Relay details | Austria Christoph Sumann Daniel Mesotitsch Simon Eder Dominik Landertinger | 1:15:40.9 (0+0) (0+2) (0+2) (0+2) (0+1) (0+0) (0+1) (0+0) | Germany Christoph Stephan Andreas Birnbacher Erik Lesser Simon Schempp | 1:15:41.0 (0+0) (0+3) (0+1) (0+0) (0+0) (0+3) (0+1) (0+1) | Russia Alexey Volkov Evgeny Ustyugov Dmitry Malyshko Anton Shipulin | 1:15:55.8 (0+0) (0+1) (0+1) (0+0) (0+2) (0+1) (0+2) (0+0) |
| 20 km Individual details | Emil Hegle Svendsen Norway | 48:58.5 (1+0+0+0) | Alexey Volkov Russia | 49:13.1 (0+0+0+0) | Evgeny Ustyugov Russia | 49:15.0 (0+1+0+0) |
| 12.5 km Pursuit details | Emil Hegle Svendsen Norway | 32:38.2 (0+0+0+0) | Jakov Fak Slovenia | 32:56.2 (0+0+0+0) | Evgeniy Garanichev Russia | 32:59.6 (1+0+0+0) |

### Women

| Event: | Gold: | Time | Silver: | Time | Bronze: | Time |
| 4x6 km Relay details | Germany Franziska Preuß Evi Sachenbacher-Stehle Laura Dahlmeier Franziska Hildebrand | 1:09:48.4 (1+3) (0+1) (0+0) (0+1) (0+0) (0+0) (0+0) (0+0) | Norway Tiril Eckhoff Ann-Kristin Flatland Synnøve Solemdal Tora Berger | 1:09:58.9 (0+2) (2+3) (0+0) (0+1) (0+0) (0+0) (0+1) (0+1) | Ukraine Juliya Dzhyma Vita Semerenko Natalya Burdyga Valj Semerenko | 1:10:19.9 (0+1) (0+0) (0+0) (0+1) (0+1) (0+2) (0+0) (0+0) |
| 15 km Individual details | Gabriela Soukalová Czech Republic | 40:32.6 (0+1+0+0) | Darya Domracheva Belarus | 41:06.9 (0+0+0+2) | Veronika Vítková Czech Republic | 41:11.2 (0+0+0+0) |
| 10 km Pursuit details | Gabriela Soukalová Czech Republic | 30:39.8 (0+0+0+0) | Tora Berger Norway | 30:49.5 (1+0+0+0) | Kaisa Mäkäräinen Finland | 31:18.7 (2+0+0+1) |

## Achievements
### Best performance for all time

* Tobias Arwidson (SWE), 17th place in Individual
* Anton Pantov (KAZ), 31st place in Individual
* Kalev Ermits (EST), 54th place in Individual
* Franziska Hildebrand (GER), 4th place in Individual
* Franziska Preuß (GER), 4th place in Pursuit
* Laure Soulie (AND), 9th place in Individual
* Fuyuko Suzuki (JPN), 13th place in Individual
* Lisa Theresa Hauser (AUT), 24th place in Individual
* Åsa Lif (SWE), 36th place in Individual
* Natália Prekopová (SVK), 43rd place in Individual
* Aita Gasparin (SUI), 46th place in Individual
* Annukka Siltakorpi (FIN), 75th place in Individual
# Filer

Filer may refer to:

## Places

* Filer, Idaho
* Filer, Missouri
* Filer Charter Township, Michigan
** Filer City, Michigan
* Filer Haven, a cove on Signy Island, Antarctica
* Filer Hill, a mountain near east of Rootville, New York

## Other

* Filer (surname)
* Network-attached storage (NAS), device, a specialized device that acts as a file server
** NetApp filer, a computer storage product
# Emmanuel Ayoola

Emmanuel Olayinka Ayoola (27 October 1933 – 20 August 2024) was a Nigerian lawyer and judge who became Chairman of the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission in 2005. He was also a judge of the Appeals Chamber of the Special Court for Sierra Leone.

## Early life

Emmanuel Ayoola was born on 27 October 1933. He obtained a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of London, and a BA in Jurisprudence from Oxford University. He was called to the English Bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1957. In 1959 he was admitted as a barrister and solicitor of the Supreme Court of Nigeria. For seventeen years he had a private legal practice in Ibadan, Oyo State.

## Judicial career

In 1976 he was appointed a Judge of the High Court of Western Nigeria, and soon after a judge of the High Court of Oyo State. He served as a Justice of the Court of Appeal of the Gambia (1980–1983) and was Chief Justice of the Gambia (1983–1992). He was Vice President of the World Judges Association in 1991. He was President of the Court of Appeals of Seychelles, and Justice of the Court of Appeal of Nigeria (1992–1998), Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria (1998–2003), retiring in October 2003 at the mandatory age of 70.
He then became the Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission of Nigeria (2003–2005) and Chairman of the Working Committee on Law Revision of the Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 2000.
The Secretary-General of the United Nations appointed Ayoola as President of Appeals Chamber of the Special Court for Sierra Leone (2004–2005), set up to try those responsible for the Sierra Leone Civil War. He has edited the Seychelles Law Digest, the Law Reports of the Gambia, and the Nigerian Monthly Law Reports.

## Independent Corrupt Practices Commission

In 2005 Ayoola was appointed Chairman of the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission, replacing Mustapha Akanbi on his retirement. In August 2008, Ayoola said that all acts of corruption that hamper government efforts in the fight against corruption should attract a mandatory sentence to life imprisonment without remission.

## Death

Ayoola died on 20 August 2024, at the age of 90.
# Court hand

Court hand (also common law hand, Anglicana, cursiva antiquior, and charter hand) was a style of handwriting used in medieval English law courts, and later by professionals such as lawyers and clerks. "It is noticeably upright and packed together with exaggeratedly long ascenders and descenders, the latter often and the former occasionally brought round in sweeping crescent shaped curves".
The hand took its name from the fact that it was particularly associated with formal records of the courts of Common Pleas and King's (or Queen's) Bench, although its use was not confined to them. In the 17th and 18th centuries the writing became increasingly stylised, to the point that it was virtually illegible to any reader unfamiliar with its conventions. The hand was banned from English law courts in 1731 by the Proceedings in Courts of Justice Act 1730, which required that, with effect from 25 March 1733, court proceedings "shall be written in such a common legible Hand and Character, as the Acts of Parliament are usually ingrossed in ... and not in any Hand commonly called Court Hand, and in Words at Length and not abbreviated". Even in the 19th century, however, an ability to read court hand was considered useful for anyone who had to deal with old court records.

## Cultural references

* In Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part 2 (written c.1591), Act 4, scene 2, Dick the Butcher says of Emmanuel, Clerk of Chatham, "He can make Obligations, and write court-hand."
* In Charles Dickens's novel Bleak House (1852–3), Lady Dedlock begins a significant subplot by noticing a particular "law hand" on a legal document.
* Court hand is referred to in T. H. White's novel The Sword in the Stone (1938).
# Jhampodad

Jhampodad is a village and former Rajput petty princely state on the Saurashtra peninsula, in Gujarat, western India.

## History

The princely state, in Jhalawar prant, was ruled by Jhala Rajputs.
In 1901 it comprised only the single village, with a population of 451, yielding 3400 Rupees state revenue (1903-4, all from land), paying 138 Rupees tribute to the British.