OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Canton of Saint-Martin-de-Ré

The Canton of Saint-Martin-de-Ré is a French former administrative division located in Île de Ré, Charente-Maritime, Poitou-Charentes. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 5 communes, which joined the new Canton of Île de Ré in 2015. Its chef-lieu was Saint-Martin-de-Ré. It had 13,196 inhabitants (2012).

## Geography

The canton was bordered by the pertuis Breton to the north, by the "strait of La Pallice" to the east and the sluice of Antioch to the south. To the west, it adjoined the canton of Ars-en-Ré by the commune of La Couarde-sur-Mer. Its altitude varied all the way from 0 m (La Flotte) to 17 m (Le Bois-Plage-en-Ré) with an average altitude of 8 m (about 8.8 yards high). The nature of its soil as the geology of the island are of the same origin than the one of Aunis, whose Île de Ré represents the western extension.

### Administration

The canton was located in the eastern part of Île de Ré and belonged to the arrondissement of La Rochelle. Its chef-lieu was the small port town of Saint-Martin-de-Ré. The canton comprised the following communes:
* Le Bois-Plage-en-Ré
* La Flotte
* Rivedoux-Plage
* Sainte-Marie-de-Ré
* Saint-Martin-de-Ré

## Politics

List of the general councillors (conseillers généraux) since 1906:
| Period | Conseiller | Party | Occupation |
| 1906–1920 | Gustave Perreau | Parti radical | Mayor of La Rochelle (1925–1928), senator (1912–1939) |
| 1920- | Jules Bernard | | |
| -1979 | André Chaigne | DVD | Mayor of Sainte-Marie-de-Ré (1959–1977) |
| 1979–1985 | Roland Vergnaud | DVD | Mayor of Rivedoux-Plage (1977–1983) |
| 1985–present | Léon Gendre | UMP | Mayor of La Flotte since 1977, restaurateur |

### Elections: results (1979-2011)
#### 2011

| Candidate | Party | % | Votes |
| Léon Gendre | UMP | 55,04 % | 2929 |
| Patrice Raffarin | DVD | 44,96 % | 2393 |

#### 2004

| Candidate | Party | % | Votes |
| Léon Gendre | UMP | 50,5 % | 3196 |
| Thierry Poitte | DVD | 19,7 % | 1250 |
| Claude Mossé | Verts | 13,8 % | 877 |
| Elise Somprou | FN | 6,5 % | 415 |
| Robert Grignon | DVD | 5,5 % | 347 |
| Daniel Matifas | PCF | 3,9 % | 249 |

#### 1998

| Candidate | Party | % | Votes |
| Léon Gendre | RPR | 58,9 % | 2873 |
| Alain Mercier | PRG | 41,1 % | 2003 |

#### 1992

| Candidate | Party | % | Votes |
| Léon Gendre | RPR | 51,1 % | 2351 |
| Alain Mercier | MRG | 48,9 % | 2246 |

#### 1985

| Candidate | Party | % | Votes |
| Léon Gendre | RPR | 43,0 % | 1915 |
| Paul Laidet | MRG | 33,7 % | 1498 |
| Roland Vergnaud | DVD | 23,3 % | 1037 |

#### 1979

| Candidate | Party | % | Votes |
| Roland Vergnaud | DVD | 55,1 % | 1970 |
| Léon Gendre | RPR | 44,9 % | 1607 |
# Canton of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés-1

The canton of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés-1 is an administrative division of the Val-de-Marne department, Île-de-France region, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Saint-Maur-des-Fossés.
It consists of the following communes:
# Canisteo

Canisteo may refer to:

## Places in the United States

* Canisteo (town), New York, in Steuben County
* Canisteo (village), New York, in Steuben County
* Canisteo River, a tributary of the Tioga River in New York
* Canisteo Township, Minnesota, in Dodge County

## Other

* Canisteo Peninsula, Antarctica
* USS Canisteo (AO-99), US Navy ship
# Cape Faraday

Cape Faraday (60°38′S 45°4′W﻿ / ﻿60.633°S 45.067°W﻿ / -60.633; -45.067) is a cape which forms the northern tip of Powell Island in the South Orkney Islands. It was discovered by Captain George Powell and Captain Nathaniel Palmer on the occasion of their joint cruise in December 1821. The name first appears on Powell's chart published in 1822.
# Rocher des Tablettes

The Rocher des Tablettes (1,288 m) is a mountain of the Jura, located west of Rochefort in the canton of Neuchâtel. Its south side consists of steep limestone cliffs overlooking the valley of the Areuse.
# Capsulorhexis

Capsulorhexis or capsulorrhexis, and the commonly used technique known as continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC), is a surgical technique used to remove the central anterior part of the capsule of the lens from the eye during cataract surgery by shear and tensile forces. It generally refers to removal of the central part of the anterior lens capsule, but in situations like a developmental cataract a part of the posterior capsule is also removed by a similar technique.
In order to remove a cataract by extracapsular techniques, the capsule of the lens must be opened. In earlier intracapsular cataract extractions, the whole lens and capsule were removed at the same time. This was done to prevent the inflammatory response to leftover lens material. Since it was all removed en-bloc, there was no residual lens material. With effective aspiration practically all the material can be removed while leaving the posterior capsule intact. This provides a barrier between the front and back chambers of the eye, and prevents the vitreous from moving forwards. It also provides the artificial intraocular lens with the ideal place to be located in the eye, away from contact with other structures yet securely held in place.
Prior to the advent of the CCC, a "can opener" approach was used for capsulorhexis, with a small bent needle making small incisions around the anterior surface of the lens, forming a roughly continuous cut hole in the capsule that the lens could be removed through. However, the ragged edges were stress raisers and could promote a tear that could proceed outwards. A CCC when done correctly, does not have any edge notches, and forces applied to the capsule during surgery are better distributed and less likely to result in a tear.
The usual method is to use the same bent needle to begin a tear in the capsule, and then guide the edge of the tear around the anterior surface with either the same needle or Utratas forceps. There are advantages and disadvantages to both approaches, and most surgeons will use both instruments as the situation requires.
In children younger than 7 years, in addition to the anterior capsulorhexis, a posterior capsulorhex is commonly made, since the posterior capsule becomes cloudy even more commonly in children than adults. Since a simple office procedure using a Nd:YAG laser commonly performed on adults is difficult with a child (since they cannot sit still at the machine), it is better to deal with the posterior capsule at the time of surgery. Since the vitreous in children is much more stable, the loss of vitreous is less common (since as a solid it stays put), though often an anterior vitrectomy is still performed.

## History

Continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis is a technique that was pioneered by Thomas Neuhann and Howard Gimbel, and is in common use as it has a low risk of initiating further outward tears in the capsule, and does not require complex or expensive instruments.
# Clive M. Schmitthoff

Clive Maximilian Schmitthoff (24 March 1903 – 30 September 1990) was an Anglo-German legal scholar. He served as Gresham Professor of Law in London from 1976 to 1987, and is known for his contributions to trade law.
Born as Maximilian Schmulewitz in Berlin, to Anna and Hermann Schmulewitz (who later adopted the name Schmitthoff), he obtained his doctorate in law under the supervision of Martin Wolff at the Humboldt University of Berlin in 1927. Being Jewish, he emigrated to the United Kingdom following the Machtergreifung in 1933. He joined the British army in 1940, and adopted the name Clive Macmillan to disguise his origins in case he was captured.
Schmitthoff received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1978.
# Jeff Tesch

Jeffrey Tesch (born c. 1955) is an American former college football coach. He was the head coach for the Bemidji State Beavers football team from 1996 to 2015. On August 30, 2016, he was fired after he used a racial slur at a preseason practice and the players refused to continue to play for him. He also coached for Mason City High School, Montana State, Central Missouri State, and North Dakota. He played college football for Moorhead State as a wide receiver and professionally for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL).

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs | AFCA$^#$ |
| Bemidji State Beavers (Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference) (1996–2015) |||||||
| 1996 | Bemidji State | 2–8 | 1–5 | 6th | | |
| 1997 | Bemidji State | 2–8 | 1–5 | T–6th | | |
| 1998 | Bemidji State | 6–4 | 4–2 | 3rd | | |
| 1999 | Bemidji State | 8–3 | 6–2 | T–2nd | | |
| 2000 | Bemidji State | 9–2 | 6–2 | 2nd | | 9 (Midwest) |
| 2001 | Bemidji State | 7–4 | 5–4 | 4th | | |
| 2002 | Bemidji State | 6–5 | 6–3 | 4th | | |
| 2003 | Bemidji State | 7–4 | 5–3 | T–4th | | |
| 2004 | Bemidji State | 8–3 | 5–2 | T–2nd | | |
| 2005 | Bemidji State | 7–3 | 4–3 | T–4th | | |
| 2006 | Bemidji State | 9–3 | 8–0 | 1st | L Mineral Water Bowl | 23 |
| 2007 | Bemidji State | 7–4 | 6–3 | 4th | | |
| 2008 | Bemidji State | 5–6 | 4–6 | T–3rd (North) | | |
| 2009 | Bemidji State | 8–3 | 7–3 | T–2nd (North) | | |
| 2010 | Bemidji State | 7–4 | 6–4 | 3rd (North) | | |
| 2011 | Bemidji State | 8–3 | 7–3 | 3rd (North) | | |
| 2012 | Bemidji State | 7–4 | 7–4 | T–2nd (North) | | |
| 2013 | Bemidji State | 3–8 | 3–8 | 7th (North) | | |
| 2014 | Bemidji State | 3–8 | 3–8 | 6th (North) | | |
| 2015 | Bemidji State | 7–4 | 7–4 | 2nd (North) | | |
| Bemidji State: | Bemidji State: | 126–91 | 101–74 | | | |
| Total: | Total: | 126–91 | | | | |
| National championship  Conference title  Conference division title or championship game berth |||||||
# Jeanne Kangas

Jeanne Steele Kangas (August 1940 – January 10, 2023) was an American lawyer and political figure. She was the interim Chair of the Massachusetts Republican Party in 2011 and the first woman elected to the Board of Selectmen in Boxborough, Massachusetts.

## Early life and education

Kangas was born in 1940 to Avery Walker Steele and Anne Louise Kirby Steele Atwood. She had a twin sister, Joanne, and two other sisters and a brother. She graduated from Simmons College in 1975 and Suffolk University Law School in 1983. She entered private practice with the firm Arnold & Kangas centered on family law where she worked until 2017. She married Waino Kangas in 1960 and the couple had four children.

## Politics

Kangas worked on the finance committee of the town of Boxborough and ran unsuccessfully twice for State Representative—a position previously held by her father—as a Republican in 1970 and 1972. Kangas was appointed to the Governor's Council on the Status of Women in 1972 and began compiling statistics on the gender of elected officials in Massachusetts towns.$^{:22}$
She was elected as Boxborough's first female Selectman in 1973 at a time when only 10% of Selectmen in the state were female. She advocated for being called a Selectwoman when she was in her official position.$^{:23}$ A frequent advocate for gender equity, she said "I'm looking forward to the day when unqualified and incompetent women will be elected and appointed to the same positions that unqualified and incompetent men have been elected and appointed to for years." She was elected as the vice president of the Middlesex County Selectmen's Association in 1977.
Kangas was active in the Massachusetts Republican party and rose to the position of Vice Chair of MassGOP acting as interim chair in 2011. She disagreed with some of the Republican platform positions, being pro-choice and pro-marriage equality, and worked for reform within the party. She was a frequent delegate to the Republican National Convention, supporting Ford in 1976.

## Civic work

Kangas was the President of the Boxborough Historical Society where she was active in preserving the Levi Wetherbee Steele Farm, chairing the Steele Farm Advisory Committee. She was a member of the Boxborough Grange and the Old Concord Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. She served on the board of the Appalachian Mountain Club. She was co-founder of the Network for Women's Lives, an advocacy group providing intervention and support for victims of domestic violence.
# Jeanne Julia Bartet

Julia Bartet was the stage name of Jeanne-Julie Regnault (28 October 1854 – 18 November 1941), a French actress. After training at the Paris Conservatoire she began her professional career in 1872, and from 1880 to her retirement in 1920 she was a leading member of the Comédie-Française. Her range was wide, and she appeared in classic plays and modern drama, in comedy and tragedy.

## Life and career
### Early years

Bartet was born Jeanne-Julie Regnault on 20 October 1854 in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. She studied at the Paris Conservatoire under the prominent actor and teacher François-Joseph Regnier. She won the conservatoire's second prize for comedy in 1872 and made her first professional stage appearance in October of that year, adopting the stage name Bartet to avoid confusion with the established star actress Alice Regnault. Her first role was Vivette in the first production of Daudet 's L'Arlesienne at the Théâtre du Vaudeville, Paris.
During the 1870s her other roles included Marguerite in Sardou's Les Ganaches (1874); Manon in Manon Lescaut (1875); Fanny Merson in Émile Augier's Madame Caverlet (1876); Comtesse Zicka in Dora (1877) and leading parts in Les Bourgeois de Pont-Arcy (1878); Montjoye (1879) and Les Tapageurs (1879). Her portrait was painted by Aimé Morot in 1881 and is at the Musée Carnavalet in Paris.

### Comédie-Française

In 1879 Bartet was engaged by the Comédie-Française, where she made her début on 16 February 1880, as Léa in Sardou's Daniel Rochat; later in that year she took over from Sarah Bernhardt as the Queen in Ruy Blas. On 24 December 1880 she was appointed as a sociétaire. Over the next forty years she played ninety roles at the Comédie-Française, ranging from comedy to tragedy, gaining the nickname "La Divine". In her entry in Who's Who in the Theatre she listed more than forty plays that she considered particular successes, including Adrienne Lecouvreur, Andromaque, Antigone, Antigone, Bérénice, Hernani, Iphigénie, Le Roi s'amuse and Les Femmes savantes.
Le Figaro said that Bartet served the Comédie-Française with incomparable nobility, and commented that her "scholarly and understated elegance … her refined grace, her restrained and profound pathos" were "one of the models of the French woman". Her retirement from the stage in 1920 was international news. In London The Times called it a loss that all French people would feel; The New York Herald praised Bartet's generosity in stepping down to make way for younger members of the Comédie-Française, but asked, "Who among the younger actressess is capable of filling Mme. Bartet's place?" On her retirement she was made an Officier of the Legion of Honour.
Bartet died at her home in the 8th arrondissement of Paris on 18 November 1941, at the age of 87 and was interred in the Passy Cemetery.
# Clive Middlemass

Clive Middlemass (25 August 1944 – 4 July 2022) was an English professional footballer and manager.

## Playing career

As a player, Middlemass made 169 appearances in the Football League as a defender for Workington before a near fatal car crash ended his career. Middlemass had gone to see his parents in Sheffield (with his wife and son) to inform them about a possible transfer to Ipswich Town. However, on the way home his car was hit by a lorry near Bradford. After nearly a year out of the game, Middlemass returned to the side at Workington (then in the 3rd tier), but after a few appearances he realised his injuries had been too severe, and retired from professional playing.

## Coaching and management career

Middlemass started his career away from playing as assistant to Terry Cooper at Bristol Rovers (1980), and then Bristol City (1982). After leaving Carlisle United (1987–1991), Middlemass had a brief stint as first team coach at Darlington (1991), before becoming assistant to Jimmy Mullen at Burnley (1992). After Jimmy Mullen left in 1996, Middlemass briefly took over as caretaker manager, before becoming assistant manager to Adrian Heath and then chief scout under Chris Waddle. In 1998, he joined Preston North End as chief scout to David Moyes, and remained for the tenures of Craig Brown and Billy Davies. In 2006, he left as part of Billy Davies' back-room team to take over as chief scout at Derby County. In 2010, he hooked up again with David Moyes (a centre-half during Middlemass' days at Bristol City) as opposition scout at Everton.
In his only role as a manager, Middlemass took over at Carlisle United in November 1987, converting a club that had suffered consecutive relegations from the Second to the Fourth Division, to one that narrowly failed to reach the promotion play-offs on goal-difference in 1990. During this season, where Carlisle United had led the division for several weeks, he was complimented by the national press on the way he played an attractive style of football with three at the back. A good FA Cup run also saw them drawn against Liverpool, which ended in a 3–0 defeat in front of nearly 20,000 at Brunton Park. However, two broken legs to key players, and a run of four consecutive away matches to London (in a two weeks) towards the end of the season took their toll. The following season the side failed to kick on, and Middlemass left the club in March 1991.
# Rodney Malamba

Rodney Lulamile Malamba (born 11 March 1966 in Langa, Cape Town, Cape Province) is a former South African first-class cricketer who played for Natal from 1988 to 1991.
Malamba was a right-arm fast-medium bowler and right-handed tail-end batsman. His best first-class bowling figures were 3 for 64 and 4 for 21 for Natal B against Northern Transvaal in 1991–92.
He was the first black cricketer to play in the Currie Cup. His father, Ben Malamba, was an all-rounder who was one of the leading black cricketers of the apartheid era in South Africa.
He runs a cricket academy in Durban. In February 2020, he was named in South Africa's squad for the Over-50s Cricket World Cup in South Africa. However, the tournament was cancelled during the third round of matches due to the coronavirus pandemic.
# Canine

Canine may refer to:

## Zoology and anatomy

* Animals of the family Canidae, more specifically the subfamily Caninae, which includes dogs, wolves, foxes, jackals and coyotes
** Canis, a genus that includes dogs, wolves, coyotes, and jackals
** Dog, the domestic dog
* Canine tooth, in mammalian oral anatomy

## People with the surname

* Henry Canine (fl. 1938), American football coach
* Ralph Canine (1895–1969), founding director of the United States National Security Agency

## Other uses

* Canine, a fictional dog in the Glenn Martin, DDS animated television series
* Canine Hills, Antarctic landform in the Bowers Mountains, Victoria Land
# Canine butcher

A canine butcher is a butcher shop specializing in the sale and processing of dog meat.

## History

Over the centuries, the consumption of dog meat has occurred, usually as a result of hardship, but sometimes as part of a culture. As a result, shops specializing in dog meat have opened.

### Europe
#### France

In France, during the Franco-Prussian War, butcheries of dogs opened, along with butcheries of many other strange animals, due to food shortages caused by the war and the Siege of Paris.

#### Netherlands

Dog butchers existed in the Netherlands, as an advertisement for a "hondeslagerij" from 1928 attests.

### Asia
#### China

In Yulin, Guangxi, canine butcher shops slaughter around 300 dogs a day. During a dog meat festival in 2010, reactions were heavily divided between animal rights advocates and dog meat lovers. However, the practice of eating dogs is slowly dying out due to pressure from the growing middle class in China, who prefer keeping dogs as pets over eating them. As a result, the number of canine butchers is dwindling year by year.

#### South Korea

The largest dog butchery in South Korea, located in Seongnam, closed in May 2017.
# Card association

A card association or a bank card association is a network of issuing banks and acquiring banks that process payment cards of a specific brand.

## Examples

Familiar payment card association brands include UnionPay, RuPay, American Express, Discover, Diners Club, Troy and JCB.
While once card associations, Visa and Mastercard have both become publicly traded companies.

## Statistics

Among United States consumers alone, over 600 million payment cards are in circulation.
# Fate (EP)

緣 Fate (sometimes credited as 緣 • 痴心誤會 Fate • Loving Misunderstanding) is an EP by cantopop singer Prudence Liew, released in 1989.

## Background information

As Liew was pregnant with her second child after the release of Loving Prince 公子多情, she was on maternity leave for much of 1989. To tie fans over until the release of her next album Jokingly Saying 笑說, Current Records decided to produce a remix album and this EP containing two songs that were themes from TVB series and TV movies. This is also Liew's last studio release on Current Records before it was bought out by BMG Music in 1989.
The first track was the title track "緣 Fate", which was the theme to the series, 萬家傳說 The Vixen's Tale starring Roger Kwok and Sheren Tang.
The second track is "痴心誤會 Loving Misunderstanding". It served as the ending theme to the TV movie, 奪命情人 The Killing Lover starring Liew, and a yet-to-be-famous Leon Lai. This song was previously released on her album, Loving Prince.
# Johann Lange

Johann Lange may refer to:
* Johann Joachim Lange (1670–1744), German theologian
* Johann Peter Lange (1802–1884), German theologian
* Johann de Lange (born 1959), South African writer
# Drim River (disambiguation)

Drim River may refer to:
# Sphenocorona

In geometry, the sphenocorona is a Johnson solid with 12 equilateral triangles and 2 squares as its faces.

## Properties

The sphenocorona was named by Johnson (1966) in which he used the prefix spheno- referring to a wedge-like complex formed by two adjacent lunes—a square with equilateral triangles attached on its opposite sides. The suffix -corona refers to a crownlike complex of 8 equilateral triangles. By joining both complexes together, the resulting polyhedron has 12 equilateral triangles and 2 squares, making 14 faces. A convex polyhedron in which all faces are regular polygons is called a Johnson solid. The sphenocorona is among them, enumerated as the 86th Johnson solid $J_{86}$. It is an elementary polyhedron, meaning it cannot be separated by a plane into two small regular-faced polyhedra.
The surface area of a sphenocorona with edge length $a$ can be calculated as: $A=\left(2+3{\sqrt {3}}\right)a^{2}\approx 7.19615a^{2},$ and its volume as: $\left({\frac {1}{2}}{\sqrt {1+3{\sqrt {\frac {3}{2}}}+{\sqrt {13+3{\sqrt {6}}}}}}\right)a^{3}\approx 1.51535a^{3}.$

## Cartesian coordinates

Let $k\approx 0.85273$ be the smallest positive root of the quartic polynomial $60x^{4}-48x^{3}-100x^{2}+56x+23$. Then, Cartesian coordinates of a sphenocorona with edge length 2 are given by the union of the orbits of the points $\left(0,1,2{\sqrt {1-k^{2}}}\right),\,(2k,1,0),\left(0,1+{\frac {\sqrt {3-4k^{2}}}{\sqrt {1-k^{2}}}},{\frac {1-2k^{2}}{\sqrt {1-k^{2}}}}\right),\,\left(1,0,-{\sqrt {2+4k-4k^{2}}}\right)$ under the action of the group generated by reflections about the xz-plane and the yz-plane.

## Variations

The sphenocorona is also the vertex figure of the isogonal n-gonal double antiprismoid where n is an odd number greater than one, including the grand antiprism with pairs of trapezoid rather than square faces.