OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# SXAL/MBAL

In cryptography, SXAL (substitution xor algorithm, sometimes called SXAL8) is a block cipher designed in 1993 by Yokohama-based Laurel Intelligent Systems. It is normally used in a special mode of operation called MBAL (multi-block algorithm). SXAL/MBAL has been used for encryption in a number of Japanese PC cards and smart cards.
SXAL is an 8-round substitution–permutation network with block size and key size of 64 bits each. All operations are byte-oriented. The algorithm uses a single 8×8-bit S-box K, designed so that both K(X) and X XOR K(X) are injective functions. In each round, the bytes of the block are first permuted. Then each byte is XORed with a key byte and an earlier ciphertext byte, processed through the S-box, and XORed with the previous plaintext byte.
The key schedule is rather complex, processing the key with SXAL itself, beginning with a null key and using permuted intermediate results as later keys.

## MBAL

MBAL is an encryption algorithm built using SXAL that can be applied to messages any number of bytes in length (at least 8). It uses two 64-bit extended keys for key whitening on the first 64 bits. The algorithm consists of 9 steps:
* Pre-whitening
* F$_m$: An expanded version of SXAL applied to the entire message
* SXAL the block consisting of the first 4 and last 4 bytes
* Reverse the byte order of the entire message
* F$_m$
* Reverse
* SXAL the ends
* F$_m$
* Post-whitening
MBAL has been shown to be susceptible to both differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis.
# Price House

Price House may refer to:
* Major Edward Preston Price House, Butler County, Alabama, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage
* McCullough–Price House, Chandler, Arizona
* W.Y. Price House, Florence, Arizona, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
* Wynn-Price House, Garland, Arkansas
* Acacia Lodge, Montecito, California, also known as the Shourds-Price House
* John Price House, Pismo Beach, California
* Dr. Price House, Live Oak, Florida
* William Price House, Columbus, Georgia, formerly listed on the NRHP
* Dan Price House, Paris, Idaho, listed on the NRHP
* Fred Price House, Paris, Idaho, listed on the NRHP
* Herber Price House, Paris, Idaho, listed on the NRHP
* Joe Price House, Paris, Idaho, listed on the NRHP
* Robert Price House, Paris, Idaho, listed on the NRHP
* Dr. A.D. Price House, Harrodsburg, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP
* Pugh Price House, Lexington, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP
* Williamson Price House, Lexington, Kentucky, listed on the NRHP
* Brown-Price House, Lansing, Michigan, listed on the NRHP
* Price-Crawford House, Lafayette County, Mississippi, a Mississippi Landmark
* Benjamin Price House, Elizabeth, New Jersey
* Price–Brittan House, Elizabeth, New Jersey
* Hillside (Greensboro, North Carolina), also known as the Julian Price House
* Jonathan Price House, Clinton, Ohio
* O.L. Price House, Portland, Oregon, listed on the NRHP
* Piper-Price House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* Joseph Price House, West Whiteland Township, Pennsylvania
* George R. Price House, Columbia, South Carolina
* Raymond Price House, Columbia, South Carolina
* Price's Post Office, Spartanburg County, South Carolina, also known as the Price House
* Dr. Thomas H. Price House, Covington, Tennessee, listed on the NRHP
* McClendon-Price House, Austin, Texas, a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
* R. H. and Martha Price House, Georgetown, Texas, listed on the NRHP
* Cates-Price House, Palacios, Texas, a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
* Price-Farwell House, Palacios, Texas, listed on the NRHP
* John and Margaret Price House, Salt Lake City, Utah, listed on the NRHP
* Lorenzo and Emma Price House and Barn, Salt Lake City, Utah, listed on the NRHP
* Governor Samuel Price House, Lewisburg, West Virginia
* D.I.B. Anderson Farm, Morgantown, West Virginia, also known as the Chauncey M. Price House
* Bushrod Washington Price House, Moundsville, West Virginia
* R. T. Price House, Williamson, West Virginia
# 2019 Yamanashi gubernatorial election

The 2019 Yamanashi gubernatorial election was held on 27 January 2019 to elect the next governor of Yamanashi.

## Candidates

* Hitoshi Goto, incumbent, endorsed by CDP, DPFP. He was also backed by LDP and Komeito in 2015.
* Kotaro Nagasaki, former House of Representatives, endorsed by LDP and Komeito.
* Hitoshi Hanada, JCP.
* Harunobu Yonenaga, former upper house member for DPJ but went over to YP.

## Results

Yamanashi gubernatorial 2019 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democratic | Kotaro Nagasaki | 198,047 | 49,71 | n/a |
| | Constitutional Democratic | Hitoshi Goto * | 166,666 | 41,84 | − 35,79 |
| | Independent | Harunobu Yonenaga | 17,198 | 4,32 | n/a |
| | Communist | Hitoshi Hanada | 16,467 | 4,13 | − 13,33 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 401,048 | 57.93 | +16.08 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 692,976 | | |
| | Liberal Democratic gain from Constitutional Democratic | Liberal Democratic gain from Constitutional Democratic | Swing | | |
# Elevate (video game)

Elevate is an edutainment video game developed by Elevate Labs focusing on literacy and numeracy.
Common Sense Media wrote that the game contains "speedy, amusing games sharpen speed but not grammar skills". Cnet conducted a comprehensive comparison of Lumosity and Elevate.
# Glenea apicaloides

Glenea apicaloides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1958. It is known from Uganda.
# Listed buildings in Birkby, North Yorkshire

Birkby is a civil parish in the former Hambleton District of North Yorkshire, England. It contains five listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish contains the village of Birkby and the surrounding countryside, and the listed buildings consist of a house and associated structures, a church and a milepost.
Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)

## Buildings

| Name and location | Photograph | Date | Notes |
| Birkby Manor 54°24′58″N 1°29′26″W﻿ / ﻿54.41616°N 1.49055°W﻿ / 54.41616; -1.49055﻿ (Birkby Manor) | — | Late 18th century | The house is in red brick with a hipped Welsh slate roof. There are two storeys and three bays. In the centre is a porch, and a doorway with pilasters, a fanlight, a frieze and a cornice. The windows are sashes with flat brick arches. |
| Garden cottage, Birkby Manor 54°24′57″N 1°29′29″W﻿ / ﻿54.41580°N 1.49140°W﻿ / 54.41580; -1.49140﻿ (Garden cottage, Birkby Manor) | — | Late 18th century | The cottage and attached privy are in red brick, and have pantile roofs with coped gables. The building has a large round arch, infilled with brick and an inserted door, and sash windows, one of which is horizontally-sliding. |
| Stables, coach house and wall, Birkby Manor 54°24′58″N 1°29′28″W﻿ / ﻿54.41611°N 1.49119°W﻿ / 54.41611; -1.49119﻿ (Stables, coach house and wall, Birkby Manor) | — | Late 18th century | The stables and coach house are in red brick with pantile roofs. The coach house has two storeys and three bays. In the ground floor are three round-arched entrances and doorways, and there are sash windows in both floors. To the right and recessed is a single-storey stable range with twelve bays, containing round-arched doorways and sash windows. Adjoining the buildings is a tall brick wall. |
| St Peter's Church 54°24′57″N 1°29′26″W﻿ / ﻿54.41579°N 1.49061°W﻿ / 54.41579; -1.49061﻿ (St Peter's Church) | | 1776 | The church was altered in 1872, and two vestries were added in 1888 by C. Hodgson Fowler. It is built in brick on a stone plinth, and has stone dressings, a sill band, and a stone slate roof. The church consists of a nave, a south porch, and a chancel with a canted apse. At the west end is a bellcote with two pointed-arched bell openings, and a round-headed arch above. The porch contains a doorway with a pointed arch and a chamfered surround, diagonal buttresses, and it has a coped gable with a cross. |
| Milepost 54°24′26″N 1°27′15″W﻿ / ﻿54.40710°N 1.45417°W﻿ / 54.40710; -1.45417﻿ (Milepost) | | Late 19th century | The milestone on the west side of the A167 road is in cast iron. It has a triangular plan and a sloping top, and is about 0.5 metres (1 ft 8 in) high. On the top is the distance to London, the left side has the distance to Darlington, and on the right face is the distance to "No Allerton". |
# J. J. Bittenbinder

John Joseph Bittenbinder (September 1, 1942 – May 26, 2023), known as J. J. Bittenbinder, was an American police officer, television host, and author. A member of the Chicago Police Department, he hosted the 1990s crime series Tough Target, and was a public speaker on the subject of safety.

## Biography

Bittenbinder was born September 1, 1942, in Buffalo, New York. He joined the Chicago Police Department in 1971, and remained with the force for 23 years; the last 17 were spent assigned to homicide and violent crimes. He was considered to be an expert on violent crimes and toured the country, speaking to audiences about the topic. His 1997 book Tough Target: A Street-Smart Guide to Staying Safe was critically and financially successful.

## In popular culture

In 1995, Bittenbinder became the host of the television program Tough Target, which focused on crimes and their prevention. He also wrote for the show. It was cancelled in 1996. He also had two of his own television specials on PBS, Street Smarts: How to Avoid Being a Victim and Street Smarts: Straight Talk for Kids, Teens & Parents. He made guest appearances on many television shows, including The Oprah Winfrey Show and Primetime Live. He also appeared on CNN and was the subject of national PBS television specials.
Bittenbinder was parodied in the cult favorite sketch comedy program Mr. Show. In the episode "Now Who Wants Ice Cream?", the comedian Bob Odenkirk portrayed F. F. Woodycooks, a bizarre, nasal-voiced host of a television show about crime, who was a parody of Bittenbinder. Woodycooks even has a strange mustache like Bittenbinder's and uses unusual and funny-sounding phrases to refer to criminals. Woodycooks hosts a show called Take Back the Streets in which he shows dramatizations of crimes. The sketch ends with Woodycooks promoting his "F. F. Woodycooks Ice Cream Parlour Precincts". Mr. Show writer Paul F. Tompkins states that he came up with the idea for the sketch after he heard Bittenbinder refer to a couple of rapists as "goofs".
Stand-up comedian John Mulaney references Bittenbinder's presentations to Mulaney's class at Saint Clement Catholic Elementary School in his Netflix comedy special John Mulaney: Kid Gorgeous at Radio City.
Street Smarts: Straight Talk for Kids, Teens & Parents was featured on an episode of Best of the Worst by American film and video production company, Red Letter Media.

## Later work

Bittenbinder served as Good Morning America's Safety Specialist. He stated that he never wore a cowboy hat to school visits, contrary to what comedian John Mulaney said in his stand-up routine.

## Death

Bittenbinder died on May 26, 2023, at the age of 80.
# Helsingkrona Nation

55°42′36″N 13°12′28.8″E﻿ / ﻿55.71000°N 13.208000°E﻿ / 55.71000; 13.208000
Helsingkrona Nation, formally Helsingborgs-Landskrona Nation, is one of thirteen student nations at Lund University, Sweden. With 3,842 members, it is the second-largest nation in Lund - ranking behind Göteborgs but ahead of Lunds.

## History

The nation has its origins in one of the university's first nations, Skånska Nationen (named after, and composed of students from Scania) which existed from 1682 to 1833 when it split into five parts, with Helsingkrona being one of them. These four parts are still alive in the form of the Scanian Nations' Joint Committee, which to this day still gives out grants and organizes the quinquennial Gåsafesten ("Goose Fest"). In 1891, the Helsingkrona coat-of-arms, a merging of the coats-of-arms of Helsingborg and Landskrona, was produced and delivered to the Inspektor.
One of the most famous Swedish spexes, Uarda, was written by the two Helsingkronites Hilding Kefas Neander and Ludvig Thet gambla Ramberg in 1908. In 1954, another such spex, Djingis Khan, was written by Hans Alfredson and Patrick Meurling, the latter of whom would become Inspektor of Helsingkrona.
In 1958, Helsingkronagården, the nation's housing complex was inaugurated. Its first building, Huset, was designed by Sten Samuelson and was only five stories tall, since the fire department's ladders could not reach higher at the time. Regulations were changed in the middle of the 1960s and another two floors were added. Tornet, Helsingkrona's 13-floor residential tower was completed in the fall of 2015. The nation is currently building another house under the working name of HB Söder, which will connect to Huset through a shared basement. HB Söder will feature dorm-style accommodation with an added emphasis on communal spaces.

## Housing

Helsingkronagården neighbors the premises of LTH.

### The House

Huset consists of 160 corridor rooms, 21 apartments and 8 rooms with pentries. It also houses a club area and unaffiliated pizzeria on its ground floor.

### The Tower

Tornet has 13 floors with 69 apartments and a conference room with an associated kitchen on its top floor, which has a view of Lund, Malmö, the Öresund Bridge and Copenhagen. On the ground floor, there is a salad bar and a studying room.

### Helsingkrona South

Helsingkrona Söder is a housing development on the southern part of the nation's property which is currently underway (2022).

## Notable members

* Johan Stenström, literary scholar and professor.
* Gabriel Jönsson, author and poet.
* Gun Hellsvik, politician and former Minister of Justice.
* Hans Alfredson, actor, writer and comedian.
# Phytoglobin-NO cycle

The phytoglobin-nitric oxide cycle is a metabolic pathway induced in plants under hypoxic conditions which involves nitric oxide (NO) and phytoglobin (Pgb). It provides an alternative type of respiration to mitochondrial electron transport under the conditions of limited oxygen supply. Phytoglobin in hypoxic plants acts as part of a soluble terminal nitric oxide dioxygenase system, yielding nitrate ion from the reaction of oxygenated phytoglobin with NO. Class 1 phytoglobins are induced in plants under hypoxia, bind oxygen very tightly at nanomolar concentrations, and can effectively scavenge NO at oxygen levels far below the saturation of cytochrome c oxidase. In the course of the reaction, phytoglobin is oxidized to metphytoglobin which has to be reduced for continuous operation of the cycle. Nitrate is reduced to nitrite by nitrate reductase, while NO is mainly formed due to anaerobic reduction of nitrite which may take place in mitochondria by complex III and complex IV in the absence of oxygen, in the side reaction of nitrate reductase, or by electron transport proteins on the plasma membrane. The overall reaction sequence of the cycle consumes NADH and can contribute to the maintenance of ATP level in highly hypoxic conditions.
# Shigemi

Shigemi (written: 茂巳 or 繁美) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Shigemi Inaga (稲賀 繁美, born 1957), Japanese scholar
* Shigemi Ishii (石井 茂巳, born 1951), Japanese footballer
* Shigemi Saito (斎藤 繁美, born 1937), Japanese sport shooter
* Shigemi Tamura (田村 滋美, born 1938), Japanese rower
# SX-Window

SX-Window is a graphic user interface (GUI) operating system for the Sharp X68000 series of computers, which were popular in Japan. It was first released in 1989 and had its last update in 1993. It runs on top of the Human68k disk operating system, similarly to how Windows 3.1 runs on top of MS-DOS.

## History

SX-Window was introduced for X68000 in 1989, and came preinstalled on the X68000 EXPERT model. It was developed by Hudson. The final release was 3.1 in 1993. In 2000, Sharp released the system software for the X68000 free-of-charge, including SX-Window.

## Technical details

The look and feel of the GUI is like that of the NeXTSTEP operating system, and its API is similar to the Macintosh Toolbox. It uses non-preemptive multitasking with the event-driven paradigm. It has a garbage collection system without MMU of MPU, but it was difficult to program because all pointers derived from handles become invalid once any API is called. The X68000 was very powerful for game software, but this GUI could be slow, as no hardware acceleration card was supported. Only a few applications and games were developed for this system.
# Lori McNamara

Lenore "Lori" McNamara (born April 30, 1952) is an artist in Fort Pierce, Florida. She works en plein air and paints in an Impressionist style. Her work has been featured in several galleries, especially in the A. E. Backus Gallery & Museum in Fort Pierce, and it is currently on display in her studio at the ArtBank, also in Fort Pierce.
McNamara is best known for her landscapes, which depict natural Florida environments, executed with a bold impasto technique. She is a highly prolific artist, and has published over 1,000 of her paintings on the Daily Painters Art Gallery website.
She is currently the leader of the Plein Air Painters of the Treasure Coast. In 2005 McNamara published an article in Plein Air Magazine about the history of this organization.
A native of Fort Pierce, Florida, McNamara has painted since childhood, when she received a few lessons from A.E. Backus.
# Kırkkoyun, Bağlar

Kırkkoyun is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bağlar, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 2,469 (2022).
# Guaiúba

Guaiúba is a municipality in the state of Ceará in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# Dunmow

Dunmow may refer to:
* Great Dunmow, a town in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England
** Dunmow railway station, a disused station
* John Dunmow, a Canon of Windsor
* Little Dunmow, a village located about 3 miles outside the town of Great Dunmow
# Great Mosque of Algiers

Great Mosque of Algiers may refer to:
* Djamaa el Kebir, consecrated 1097
* Djamaa el Djazaïr, inaugurated 2024
# Dar Al Awadi Tower

The Dar Al Awadi Tower is the ninth tallest building in Kuwait. It has 35 floors and it is 171 metres high. Its construction was completed in 2005.
Dar Abdullah Al Awadi Complex Shopping Center and Offices Tower is one of the Real Estate Investment Company projects.
The tower is located in the center of the capital with high panoramic view of the Persian Gulf. Its external finishing is a combination of glazier, granite, marble and stainless steel ribs.
From a distance, the first part of the building that can be seen is the high rising tower with its stainless steel dome nested by a wide stainless steel circular saucer-shape roof canopy carried by a 34 story of Quintuple shape building. This is the share of commercial offices.
The center has four floors above ground level and one basement. A broad atrium stands in the center of the mall, covered by huge skylight dome. A fountain embraces the two panoramic elevators.
There is an adjacent car park with a capacity of more than 650 cars.
# Fadia Stella

Fadia Stella (born 30 December 1974), is a Kenyan actress. She is best known for the roles in the films Caramel and Déjà mort.

## Personal life

She was born on 30 December 1974 in Nairobi, Kenya.

## Career

In 1998, she made her film debut Déjà mort with a minor role as 'Alain's friend'. Later in 2007, she made a lead role with the film Caramel. The film had its premier on May 20 at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival, in the Directors' Fortnight section. Later, the film ran for the Caméra d'Or as well. The film received critical acclaim and distributed in over 40 countries.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Genre | Ref. |
| 1998 | Déjà mort | Alain's friend at David's | Film | |
| 2007 | Caramel | Christine | Film | |
# Feret diameter

The Feret diameter or Feret's diameter is a measure of an object's size along a specified direction. In general, it can be defined as the distance between the two parallel planes restricting the object perpendicular to that direction. It is therefore also called the caliper diameter, referring to the measurement of the object size with a caliper. This measure is used in the analysis of particle sizes, for example in microscopy, where it is applied to projections of a three-dimensional (3D) object on a 2D plane. In such cases, the Feret diameter is defined as the distance between two parallel tangential lines rather than planes.

## Mathematical properties

From Cauchy's theorem it follows that for a 2D convex body, the Feret diameter averaged over all directions (〈F〉) is equal to the ratio of the object perimeter (P) and pi, i.e.,〈F〉= P/π. There is no such relation between〈F〉and P for a concave object.

## Applications

Feret diameter is used in the analysis of particle size and its distribution, e.g. in a powder or a polycrystalline solid; Alternative measures include Martin diameter, Krumbein diameter and Heywood diameter. The term first became common in scientific literature in the 1970s and can be traced to L.R. Feret (after whom the diameter is named) in the 1930s.
It is also used in biology as a method to analyze the size of cells in tissue sections.
# Shigemitsu

Shigemitsu (written: 茂光 or 重光) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Shigemitsu Dandō (團藤 重光) (1913–2012), Japanese judge and academic
* Shigemitsu Egawa (江川 重光) (born 1966), Japanese footballer
* Shigemitsu Sudo (須藤 茂光) (born 1956), Japanese footballer
Shigemitsu (written: 重光) is also a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Akio Shigemitsu (重光 昭夫) (born 1955), Japanese-South Korean businessman
* Junko Shigemitsu (born 1949), Japanese-American physicist
* Mamoru Shigemitsu (重光 葵) (1887–1957), Japanese diplomat, politician and war criminal
* Takaki Shigemitsu (重光 貴葵) (born 1983), Japanese footballer