OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spotted flounder

Spotted flounder is a common name for several fishes and may refer to:
* Ammotretis lituratus, native to the southern coast of Australia
* Azygopus pinnifasciatus, native to Australia and New Zealand
* Citharus linguatula, native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
* Hippoglossina bollmani, native to the eastern Pacific Ocean
* Mancopsetta maculata, native to the Southern Ocean
# Spirit of Love (Majek Fashek album)

Spirit of Love is an album by the Nigerian musician Majek Fashek. It was released in 1991. Fashek was credited with the Prisoners of Conscience.
"Send Down the Rain" had been a major hit in Nigeria. Fashek supported the album by touring with Tracy Chapman.

## Production

The album was produced by Little Steven, who also played guitar; Little Steven became interested after seeing Fashek perform at the Apollo Theater. It was recorded in Los Angeles and New York, with the Prisoners of Conscience numbering 12 members. Spirit of Love mixed reggae styles with jùjú music, employing talking drums on many tracks. "Majek Fashek in a New York" incorporated elements of dancehall.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Chicago Tribune | |
| Los Angeles Daily News | |
| Los Angeles Times | |
| MusicHound World: The Essential Album Guide | |
The Chicago Tribune called the album "reggae with a more lively and sophisticated rhythmic sensibility." The Milwaukee Sentinel noted that Fashek "often resembles the young Bob Marley sometimes too closely," but praised his "charisma and spiritual fervor, supported by his band's African/reggae sound"; it listed the album as one of the 10 best of 1991. The Houston Chronicle also listed it as one of the best albums of the year.
The Boston Globe deemed the album "a joyous compilation of talking drums, maracas, horns and guitars." The Los Angeles Times concluded that Fashek "writes with character, depth and fire, but fails to stake out his own territory." The Virginian-Pilot stated that he "mixes tunes about suffering and politics with ones about longing and love, all the while blending reggae with rock, soul and the rhythms of Africa."
AllMusic wrote: "Seamlessly blending elements of juju with reggae, Fashek turns from imitator to innovator in a disc with so much clear-eyed enthusiasm and vision you'd think reggae was his personal invention."
# William Garfield Thomas Jr.

William Garfield Thomas Jr. (September 13, 1916 - October 12, 1942) was born in Watsontown, Pennsylvania.

## Naval career

He enlisted in the U.S. Naval Reserve at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 14. He was appointed midshipman August 10, 1940, commissioned ensign November 14, 1940, and promoted to lieutenant (j.g.) June 15, 1942.
He was serving on the light cruiser USS Boise during the Battle of Cape Esperance. When his "turret was hit by enemy fire and danger of ... explosions grew increasingly imminent, Lt. (j.g.) Thomas with utter disregard of his own personal safety remained behind to ensure abandonment of the perilous area . . . Despite the fact that eight of his men succeeded in getting out and that he too might easily have escaped . . . Thomas when last seen was telephoning the handling room to order the crew out."

## Awarded the Navy Cross

He was awarded the Navy Cross for giving up his life in the defense of his country.

## Namesake

USS Garfield Thomas (DE-193) was named in his honor. The ship was laid down September 23, 1943 by the Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Newark, New Jersey; launched December 12, 1943; sponsored by Lt. Betty K. Thomas, Nurse Corps, United States Army, sister of Lt. (j.g.) W. G. Thomas; and, commissioned January 24, 1944.
The Garfield Thomas Water Tunnel operated by the Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory is named in his honor; completed on October 7, 1949.
# Sphere mapping

In computer graphics, sphere mapping (or spherical environment mapping) is a type of reflection mapping that approximates reflective surfaces by considering the environment to be an infinitely far-away spherical wall. This environment is stored as a texture depicting what a mirrored sphere would look like if it were placed into the environment, using an orthographic projection (as opposed to one with perspective). This texture contains reflective data for the entire environment, except for the spot directly behind the sphere. (For one example of such an object, see Escher's drawing Hand with Reflecting Sphere.)
To use this data, the surface normal of the object, view direction from the object to the camera, and/or reflected direction from the object to the environment is used to calculate a texture coordinate to look up in the aforementioned texture map. The result appears like the environment is reflected in the surface of the object that is being rendered.

## Usage example

In the simplest case for generating texture coordinates, suppose:
* The map has been created as above, looking at the sphere along the z-axis.
* The texture coordinate of the center of the map is (0,0), and the sphere's image has radius 1.
* We are rendering an image in the same exact situation as the sphere, but the sphere has been replaced with a reflective object.
* The image being created is orthographic, or the viewer is infinitely far away, so that the view direction does not change as one moves across the image.
At texture coordinate $(x,y)$, note that the depicted location on the sphere is $(x,y,z)$ (where z is ${\sqrt {1-x^{2}-y^{2}}}$), and the normal at that location is also $\langle x,y,z\rangle$. However, we are given the reverse task (a normal for which we need to produce a texture map coordinate). So the texture coordinate corresponding to normal $\langle x,y,z\rangle$ is $(x,y)$.
# Church of St Bartholomew, Oake

The Church of St Bartholomew in Oake, Somerset, England was built in the 13th century. It is a Grade II* listed building.

## History

The first part of the church was built in the 13th and 14th centuries with the porch being added in the 15th and the upper stage of the tower around 1536.
The parish is part of the Deane Vale benefice within the Diocese of Bath and Wells.

## Architecture

The red sandstone building has hamstone dressings.
The window in the north wall was brought from Taunton Priory. The font is Saxon, and the octagonal pulpit from the 17th century.
A large 150 year old cedar tree in the churchyard was blown over in 2014.
# Sports Properties Acquisition Corporation

Sports Properties Acquisition Corporation (SPAC) is a publicly traded company who has placed a bid to purchase the Florida Panthers from Alan Cohen, and Sunrise Sports and Entertainment.

## Previous Opportunities

SPAC sold public shares in the company and must purchase a team by January 2010, or the shares will be returned to the shareholders. They have previously been interested in the Phoenix Coyotes, and Montreal Canadiens.

## Florida Panthers Purchase

SPAC has offered a $240 million deal to purchase the Panthers, the BankAtlantic Center and the area surrounding the arena. Along with the land, they will acquire Alan Cohen's proposal for a $2 billion project to develop the land surrounding the arena. This project has been code named as City of Oz.

## Formation

SPAC includes Vice Chairman Andrew Murstein, a New York financier, and CEO/President Tony Tavares, a former president of the Washington Nationals. Tavares was also the president, and CEO of Disney Sports Enterprises, which launched the NHL's Anaheim Ducks and MLB's Anaheim Angels. Hank Aaron is also a member of this group.
# Chromodoris aila

Chromodoris aila is a species of colourful sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was described from Beaufort, North Carolina, United States. It has not been reported since.

## Description

Chromodoris aila is most likely to be a species of Felimare as Marcus describes it as similar to Chromodoris moerchii.
# Chromodoris albonotata

Chromodoris albonotata is a species of colourful sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Chromodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was described from Tahiti. It was reported from Hawaii by Bertsch & Johnson (1981) but this was an erroneous identification.
# Springfield Traction Company

Springfield Traction Company was a company that operated surface Horse, Steam, and Electric Trams and Streetcars across the Springfield Metro from around 1869 to August 1937.

## Lines run

The known lines the Springfield Traction Company ran, these lines went from the center of the city, now known as Park Central Square to the city limits in each cardinal directions.
* Woodland Heights Line
* Nichols Street Line
* Park Avenue Line
* Atlantic Street Line
* Doling Park Line
* Broad Street Line

## History

The original horse and mule powered street railway in Springfield, Missouri began operation around 1869. It operated on a line connecting the Square to the Commercial Street district along Boonville, then down Benton to what was then the passenger train depot.
By 1929 the electric streetcar system covered what was then the entire city limits, giving citizens access to public transportation. Streetcar lines radiated in four directions from Park Central Square, creating a beehive of activity in the heart of the city.
In 1936, the Springfield Traction Company announced that the next year the electric streetcars would be replaced by gasoline-powered buses. To them, it seemed “the modern thing to do.” A final streetcar parade was held on August 2, 1937, with people cramming into the cars for one last ride.
# Chrysops shermani

Chrysops shermani is a species of deer fly in the family Tabanidae.

## Distribution

United States.
# Chrysallida foveata

Chrysallida foveata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies. The species is one of a number within the genus Chrysallida.
# William Abbot (politician)

William Abbot (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437. He was the son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs.
# William H. Smith

William H. Smith may refer to:
* William H. Smith (boxer) (1904–1955), South African boxer of the 1920s
* William H. Smith (Medal of Honor) (1847–1877), Medal of Honor recipient
* William H. Smith (Connecticut politician) (1842–1915), warden of the Borough of Norwalk, Connecticut
* William Hugh Smith (1826–1899), Governor of Alabama
* William Henry Smith (1792–1865), founder of the WHSmith chain of newsagents
* William Henry Smith (1825–1891), son of the founder of WHSmith, businessman and politician
* William Henry Smith (American politician) (1833–1896), newspaper editor and Republican politician in Ohio
* William Henry Smith (Canadian politician) (1826–1890), lawyer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada
# Church of la Asunción (Galapagar)

The Church of la Asunción (Spanish: Iglesia Parroquial de la Asunción) is a church located in Galapagar, Spain. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 1995.
# William Alexander Cosgrave

Sir William Alexander Cosgrave, CIE (1879 – 11 September 1952) was a British administrator in India. A member of the Indian Civil Service, he was Chief Commissioner of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands from 1935 until 1938.

## Biography

The son of H. A. Cosgrave, JP, of County Dublin, William Cosgrave was educated at Shrewsbury School and Trinity College, Dublin, where he was a classical scholar. He passed into the Indian Civil Service in 1903 and was posted to the Bengal.
Cosgrave was appointed a CIE in 1931 and was knighted in 1938.
# Ciaran Clear

Ciaran Clear (1920 – 2000) was an Irish painter. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# William Jones (English footballer, fl. 1930s)

William George Jones was an English professional footballer of the 1930s. He played in either wing half position, or at outside right.
Born in Chatham, Kent, Jones joined Gillingham in 1929 from hometown club Chatham Town and went on to make 46 appearances for the club in The Football League. He left in 1932 and joined Sittingbourne.
# Cover Your Tracks (band)

Cover Your Tracks was an American metalcore band from Atlanta, Georgia.

## Band members

* Paul Rose - lead vocals
* Omar Magana - guitar
* Cory Ferris - bass
* Brent Guitswite - drums
* Ian Marchionda - guitar / backing vocals

## Albums

* Fever Dream (2016)

## Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | US Main. Rock | Album |
| "Striking Matches" | 2016 | 36 | Fever Dream |
| "Good Enough" | 2017 | — | Fever Dream |

### Music videos

| Year | Song |
| "Cages" | 2016 |
| "Striking Matches" (Version 1) | 2016 |
| "Striking Matches" (Version 2) | 2017 |
# 2006 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's scratch

The Men's Scratch was one of the 9 men's events at the 2006 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, held in Bordeaux, France.
24 cyclists from 24 countries participated in the contest. Because of the number of entries, there were no qualification rounds for this discipline. Consequently, the event was run direct to the final.

## Final

The Final and only race was run at 15:45 on April 15. The competition consisted of 60 laps, making a total of 15 km.
| Rank | Name | Country |
| | Jérôme Neuville | France |
| | Angel Colla | Argentina |
| | Ioannis Tamourdis | Greece |
| 4 | Wim Stroetinga | Netherlands |
| 5 | Danilo Napolitano | Italy |
| 6 | Rafał Ratajczyk | Poland |
| 7 | Vasil Kiryienka | Belarus |
| 8 | Andreas Müller | Germany |
| 9 | Unai Elorriaga Zubiaur | Spain |
| 10 | Miles Olman | Australia |
| 11 | Ivan Kovalev | Russia |
| 12 | Hayden Godfrey | New Zealand |
| 13 | Alex Rasmussen | Denmark |
| 14 | Mario Lexmũller | Austria |
| 15 | Carlos Manuel Hernandez | Mexico |
| 16 | Matthew Gilmore | Belgium |
| 17 | Taiji Nishitani | Japan |
| 18 | Jorge Soto | Uruguay |
| 19 | Oleksandr Polivoda | Ukraine |
| DNF | Jiří Hochmann | Czech Republic |
| DNF | Mark Cavendish | Great Britain |
| DNF | Bobby Lea | United States |
| DNF | Martin Gilbert | Canada |
| DNF | Franco Marvulli | Switzerland |
# Sivčina

Sivčina is a village in the municipality of Ivanjica, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 194 inhabitants.
# Fundamentals of the Theory of Operator Algebras

Fundamentals of the Theory of Operator Algebras is a four-volume textbook on the classical theory of operator algebras written by Richard Kadison and John Ringrose. The first two volumes, published in 1983 and 1986, are entitled (I) Elementary Theory and (II) Advanced Theory; the latter two volumes, published in 1991 and 1992, present complete solutions to the exercises in volumes I and II.

## Contents

* Volume I: Elementary Theory
    Chapter 1. Linear spaces
    Chapter 2. Basics of Hilbert Space and Linear Operators
    Chapter 3. Banach Algebras
    Chapter 4. Elementary C*-Algebra Theory
    Chapter 5. Elementary von Neumann Algebra Theory
* Volume II: Advanced Theory
    Chapter 6. Comparison Theory of Projection
    Chapter 7. Normal States and Unitary Equivalence of von Neumann Algebras
    Chapter 8. The Trace
    Chapter 9. Algebra and Commutant
    Chapter 10. Special Representation of C*-Algebras
    Chapter 11. Tensor Products
    Chapter 12. Approximation by Matrix Algebras
    Chapter 13. Crossed Products
    Chapter 14. Direct Integrals and Decompositions
Volumes III and IV follow Volumes I and II chapter-by-chapter with solutions to the exercises.

## Reception

According to Nick Lord (writing for The Mathematical Gazette), the two volumes "met with immediate acclaim from functional analysts as a clear, careful, self-contained introduction to C*- and von Neumann algebra theory", something many in the field felt was missing. Ringrose and Kadison wrote with a pedagogical goal in mind, purposefully keeping the references sparse and including a long list of exercises.$^{:viii–x}$ These exercises have been described as "outstanding" and the solutions, in the later volumes, have been similarly commended. They wrote of their textbook that:
   [Its] primary goal is to teach the subject and lead the reader to the point where the vast recent literature, both in the subject proper and in its many applications, becomes accessible. Although we have put major emphasis on making the material presented clear and understandable, the subject is not easy; no account, however lucid, can make it so.$^{:vii}$
Gert K. Pederson wrote in 1994 of the volumes' popularity:
   The theory [of operator algebras] has certainly come of age and has become fashionable. At the same time, the demand for concise textbooks that cover the subject has become noticeable [...] Fundamentals in the theory of operator algebras [...] have quickly established themselves as The Textbooks in Operator Algebra Theory. [...] The 715 exercises serve to illustrate and extend the results and examples in the text, but also help the reader to develop working techniques and facility with the subject matter. Some are routine, requiring nothing more than a clear understanding of a definition or a result for their solution. Other exercises (and groups of exercises) constitute small (guided) research projects. Anyone who claims to have solved them all is either boasting or is truly a master of our subject.
# Church of St Michael and All Angels, Forden

The Church of St Michael and All Angels is a church in Forden, Powys, Wales, located about half a mile to the west of the road from Welshpool to Montgomery. For some three hundred years the church was the burial-place of the family of Devereux, whose estate of Nantcribba is within the parish. The marble font, oval in shape, was presented in 1794 by Richard Edmunds, Esq. It was enlarged in 1830. The architect was Thomas Nicholson and the stained glass was designed by Edward Burne-Jones.
# Graham Easter

Graham Easter (born 26 September 1969) is an English former professional footballer who played as a winger.

## Career

Easter spent his early career in England with Huddersfield Town, Crewe Alexandra and Preston North End.
In 1992 he played for FK Jerv in Norway. After Jerv's manager Ole Skouboe moved on to IF Fram Larvik following the 1992 season, Easter signed for Fram as well. However, he would spend the Norwegian winter break back in England with Northwich Victoria; Easter also had to wait several months for a work permit. He arrived in Larvik in April 1993. Having scored 12 goals, Easter moved on to Viborg FF in Denmark after the Norwegian season ended.
He became assistant coach of FC Svendborg in 2009.
# José María Portillo Valdés

José María "Txema" Portillo Valdés (born on 1961 in Bilbao) is a Spanish historian, professor of Contemporary History at the University of the Basque Country. He is an expert in Spanish constitutional history.

## Biography

Valdés was born in 1961. He earned a PhD in History from the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), reading a dissertation in 1990 titled Monarquía y Gobierno Provincial. Poder y Constitución en las provincias exentas, 1760-1808 and supervised by Pablo Fernández Albaladejo [es]. On 13 February 1998, he was one of the founders of the Foro Ermua. A lecturer at the UPV/EHU since 1988, he was subject to harassment and threats coming from ETA, as well as an attempted attack at the Vitoria Campus where he worked, wherein an incendiary artifact was put in his car in October 1999. He was appointed Chair in Contemporary History at the UPV/EHU in 2017.

## Works
### Author

* — (1987). Los poderes locales en la formación del régimen foral. Guipúzcoa, 1812-1850. Bilbao: Servicio Editorial de la Universidad del País Vasco.
* — (1991). Monarquía y Gobierno provincial. Poder y constitución en las provincias vascas (1760-1808). Madrid: Centro de Estudios Constitucionales.
* — (2000). La Nazione cattolica. Cadice 1812: Una costituzione per la Spagna. Manduria–Bari–Roma: Piero Lacaita Editore.
* — (2000). Revolución de nación. Orígenes de la cultura constitucional en España, 1780-1812. Madrid: Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales.
* — (2006). Portillo Valdés, José María. Crisis atlántica. Autonomía e independencia en la crisis de la monarquía hispana. Madrid: Fundación Carolina; Centro de Estudios Hispánicos e Iberoamericanos; Marcial Pons Historia.
* — (2015). Fuero indio. Tlaxcala y la identidad territorial entre la monarquía y la república nacional, 1787-1824. Mexico: El Colegio de México; Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora; CONACyT.
* — (2018). Entre tiros e historia. La constitución de la autonomía vasca (1976–1979). Barcelona: Galaxia Gutenberg.

### Co-author

* Clavero, Bartolomé; Lorente, Marta; Portillo, José María (2004). Pueblos, Nación Constitución (en torno a 1812). Vitoria: Ikusager.

## Decorations

* Medal of the Order of the Constitutional Merit (2003)
# Deal or No Deal (Arab world)

Deal or No Deal is an Arabic version of the franchise Deal or No Deal and was first broadcast on September 15, 2004, with a brief weekly run on the Pan-Arabic channel MBC 1, called Al Safqa (الصفقة) and hosted by Amir Karara. The top prize was $1,000,000, which has been the biggest prize to be won on any Middle Eastern game show at the time.
After being cancelled after only six episodes due to low viewership, the show was revived as a daily program between April 1, 2005 and 2006 on LBC, called Deal or No Deal and hosted by Michel Sanan. The top prize was US$250,000, and used the French format. A contestant won the top prize after refused the offer of US$71,000.

## MBC 1 version

The contenders for this show came from various Middle Eastern countries, the show was taped in Cairo, Egypt.

### Gameplay

The show starts with 26 contenders being asked five general-knowledge questions, each one with three possible answers. The players answer the questions using keypads. If a player gets a question right, they receive one point for each contestant who got that question wrong. The two best players face off at the Temptation Round.
In this round, one of the two players can decide to leave the game and take home a valuable price. If both reject this option, an open-ended buzzer question is asked. If a contestant buzzes in with the correct answer, they proceed. If a contestant buzzes in with a wrong answer, they get eliminated and their opponent moves on to the final round where the case game is played.
After the winning player has selected his briefcase, the 25 contenders who did not make it to the final round are given one of the 25 remaining cases each. As in the original Dutch version, the finalist had to open all the other cases over the course of nine rounds. When the finalist selects a case to be opened, the player holding it has to guess its content and receive a small amount of money if his guess is proved to be correct. In Round 1, this prize was US$600; for any subsequent round it was decreased by 100 dollars. From Round 6 on, the prize remained at US$100.
If the main player is not sure about taking or rejecting a bank offer, they can also ask a friend or relative who accompanied them to the studio, or even the entire audience which will cast their vote via keypad (Deal/No Deal) - the result will be shown to the player in percentage terms.

### Case values

The case game consists of 26 cases, which ranges from $0.01 to $1,000,000:
| Left side | Right side |
| $0.01 | $1,000 |
| $0.05 | $2,500 |
| $0.10 | $5,000 |
| $0.20 | $10,000 |
| $0.50 | $20,000 |
| $1 | $30,000 |
| $5 | $50,000 |
| $10 | $100,000 |
| $25 | $200,000 |
| $50 | $300,000 |
| $100 | $400,000 |
| $250 | $500,000 |
| $500 | $1,000,000 |

## LBC version

The show consists of 22 boxes, which ranges from $0.01 to $250,000:
| Left side | Right side |
| $0.01 | $1,000 |
| Joke prize (or $1) | $2,500 |
| Joke prize (or $5) | $5,000 |
| Joke prize (or $10) | $10,000 |
| Joke prize (or $25) | $15,000 |
| Joke prize (or $50) | $25,000 |
| $100 | $50,000 |
| $150 | $75,000 |
| $200 | $100,000 |
| $300 | $125,000 |
| $500 | $250,000 |