OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Earle Island

Earle Island is a small ice-free island 6 kilometres (3 nmi) south-west of Darwin Island which marks the south-western end of the Danger Islands. Following hydrographic work in the area from HMS Endurance in 1977–78, it was named, in association with Beagle Island and other names in the group, after Augustus Earle, an artist on board HMS Beagle.

## Important Bird Area

The 20 ha island has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports several species of breeding seabirds, especially Pygoscelid penguins, as well as Cape petrels, snowy sheathbills, kelp gulls, brown skuas, Wilson's storm petrels and Antarctic terns.
# Joseph Zhu Huayu

Joseph Zhu Huayu (Chinese: 朱化宇; 1918 – 26 February 2005) was a Chinese priest, bishop of the Catholic Patriotic Association, recognized by the state authorities of the People's Republic of China, while remaining without communication with the Vatican.

## Biography

Zhu was born in Xingtai, Hebei, in 1918. He was ordained in 1947. He worked as a priest. The years 1966-1976 (Cultural Revolution) he forced to work in the fields instead of spreading Catholicism. From 1981, he worked as a pastor in the province of Anhui. In 1986 he became the bishop of Bengbu. After the administrative changes of the diocese (made by the state authorities), he headed the new diocese of Anhui (2001), covering the entire province, and the merger of the existing dioceses of Bengbu, Anqing and Wuhu and the Tunxi Apostolic Prefecture.
# Joseph Ziegler

Joseph Ziegler may refer to:
* Joseph Ziegler (actor), Canadian actor and theatre director
* Joseph Offenbach, born Joseph Ziegler, German actor
# Josiah Lincoln Lowe

Josiah Lincoln Lowe (13 February 1905 – 30 April 1997) was an American mycologist who specialized in the study of polypores. Lowe was born in Hopewell, New Jersey, where he attended primary school and high school. In 1927, he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, and received a doctorate from the University of Michigan in 1938, with Calvin H. Kauffman and Edwin Butterworth Mains as his main academic supervisors. His doctoral thesis was entitled The genus Lecidea in the Adirondack Mountains of New York. That year, he started his academic career at the College of Forestry, a position he held for almost 40 years. Lowe was the president of the Mycological Society of America in 1960. He retired in 1975 and became an emeritus professor. In the 1980s, Lowe was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease; he died in Syracuse.
Several fungal taxa have been named in his honor, including the species Leptoporus lowei Pilát, Lindtneria lowei M. J. Larsen, Ploioderma lowei Czabator, and Polyporus lowei Burdsall & Lombard, and the genera Loweporus J. E. Wright, Loweomyces (Kotl. & Pouzar) Jülich.
# Siphonofusus vicdani

Siphonofusus vicdani is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Tudiclidae, the true whelks.

## Description

This species attains a size of 100 mm.

## Distribution

Philippines.
# Eduard Looijenga

Eduard Jacob Neven Looijenga (born 30 September 1948, Zaandam) is a Dutch mathematician who works in algebraic geometry and the theory of algebraic groups. He was a professor of mathematics at Utrecht University until his retirement in 2013.
Looijenga studied mathematics at the University of Amsterdam beginning in 1965, and earned a master's degree there in 1971. He obtained a Dutch fellowship for two years of study at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques in France, and then returned to the University of Amsterdam, earning a Ph.D. in 1974 under the supervision of Nicolaas Kuiper. After postdoctoral research at the University of Liverpool, he took a faculty position at the University of Nijmegen in 1975, returned as a professor to the University of Amsterdam in 1987, and moved again to Utrecht in 1991. Since his 2013 retirement, he has also held a professorship at Tsinghua University.
In 1978, Looijenga was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1995, and in 2012 he became one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society. In 2013, a conference in honor of his retirement was held at Utrecht University.

## Publications

* Looijenga, Eduard (1976). "Root systems and elliptic curves". Inventiones Mathematicae. 38 (1): 17–32. Bibcode:1976InMat..38...17L. doi:10.1007/BF01390167. MR 0466134. S2CID 121219851.
* Looijenga, Eduard J. N. (1984). Isolated singular points on complete intersections. London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series. Vol. 77. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-28674-3. MR 0747303.
* Looijenga, Eduard (1995). "On the tautological ring of ${\mathcal {M}}_{g}$". Inventiones Mathematicae. 121 (2): 411–419. arXiv:alg-geom/9501010. Bibcode:1995InMat.121..411L. doi:10.1007/BF01884306. MR 1346214. S2CID 119658593.
# Hammatoderus inermis

Hammatoderus inermis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1857. It is known from Nicaragua and Mexico.
# Deiters

Deiters is a surname. People with the surname include:
* Franz-Josef Deiters, German-born Australian literary scholar, associate professor in German Studies at Monash University
* Hermann Deiters (1833–1907), writer about music and educator
* Julie Deiters (born 1975), France-born Dutch field hockey player
* Otto Deiters (1834–1863), German neuroanatomist
* Peter Franz Ignaz Deiters (1804–1861), German lawyer and member of the 1848 Frankfurt Parliament
# Jack Hedley (disambiguation)

Jack Hedley is an English film and television actor.
Jack Hedley may also refer to:
* Jack Hedley (Australian footballer) (1930–2021), Australian rules footballers with North Melbourne
* Jack Hedley (English footballer) (1923–1985), association footballer with Everton, Gateshead and Sunderland
# Goudoumaria

Goudoumaria, Niger (var. Goudomaria, Gudumaria) is a Commune and town in the southeast of the country, in Diffa Region, northwest of Diffa. Goudoumaria is an administrative post in the Maine-Soroa Department, and is approximately 50 km north of the Nigerian border and approximately 50 km east of the small city Soubdou.
As of 2012, the Commune had a population of 100,559.

## Climate

Goudoumaria, historically an area of pastoralism and marginal farming, is in the Sahel region, bordering the Sahara. Desertification has led to changes in farming trends and growth of Date palm farming in recent decades.
# Didone abbandonata (Mercadante)

Didone abbandonata is an 1823 opera in two acts by Saverio Mercadante to a libretto by Andrea Leone Tottola after Metastasio's Didone abbandonata. It was first performed on 18 January 1823 at the Teatro Regio in Turin.
| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 18 January 1823 Conductors: Luigi Molino [it] (1st violin) and Bernardo Ottani [it] (harpsichord) |
| Didone, Queen of Carthage | soprano | Carolina Neri Passerini |
| Enea, in love with Dido | contralto en travesti | Fanny Eckerlin |
| Jarba, under the name Arbace, King of the Moors | tenor | Nicola Tacchinardi |
| Osmida, Didone's confidant | bass | Raffaele Benetti |
| Araspe, Jarba's confidant, secretly in love with Selene | tenor | Pietro Gentili |
| Selene, Sidone's sister, secretly in love with Enea | soprano | Gioconda Vitali |
| Role | Voice type | Premiere (in modern times), 18 August 2018 Conductors: Alessandro de Marchi (Conductor) |
| Didone, Queen of Carthage | soprano | Viktorija Miskunaite |
| Enea, in love with Dido | contralto en travesti | Katrin Wundsam |
| Jarba, under the name Arbace, King of the Moors | tenor | Carlo Allemano |
| Osmida, Didone's confidant | bass | Pietro Di Bianco |
| Araspe, Jarba's confidant, secretly in love with Selene | tenor | Diego Godoy |
| Selene, Sidone's sister, secretly in love with Enea | soprano | Emilie Renard |

## Recording

* Didone abbandonata – Viktorija Miskunaite, Katrin Wundsam, Carlo Allemano, Emilie Renard, Diego Godoy, Pietro di Bianco, Coro Maghini, Academia Montis Regalis, Alessandro De Marchi DVD, Naxos, 2018
# Jane Worcester

Jane Worcester (died 8 October 1989) was a biostatistician and epidemiologist who became the second tenured female professor, after Martha May Eliot, and the first female chair of biostatistics in the Harvard School of Public Health.

## Biography

Worcester graduated from Smith College in 1931, with a bachelor's degree in mathematics, and was hired by Harvard biostatistician Edwin B. Wilson to become a human computer at Harvard. She was hired because of her strong background in statistics. They continued to work together on theoretical research in biostatistics until Wilson retired as chair of the department in 1945, eventually publishing 27 papers together. Worcester completed a Ph.D. in epidemiology at Harvard under Wilson's supervision in 1947; her dissertation was The Epidemiology of Streptococcal and Non-Streptococcal Respiratory Disease.
She joined the Harvard faculty, was granted tenure in 1962, and succeeded Robert Reed as chair of the Department of Biostatistics in 1974 until 1977, when she retired.
She moved to Falmouth on Cape Cod and died there on October 8, 1989 at 88 years of age.

## Selected works

* Jick, Hershel, Barbro Westerholm, Martin P Vessey, George P Lewis, Dennis Slone, William H W. Inman, Samuel Shapiro, and Jane Worcester. "Venous thromboembolic disease and ABO blood type: a cooperative study." The Lancet 293, no. 7594 (1969): 539-542.
* MacMahon, Brian, and Jane Worcester. "Age at Menopause, United States, 1960-1962." (1966).
* McArthur, JanetW., Francis M. Ingersoll, and Jane Worcester. "The urinary excretion of interstitial-cell and follicle-stimulating hormone activity by women with diseases of the reproductive system." The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 18, no. 11 (1958): 1202-1215.
* Wilson, Edwin B., and Jane Worcester. "The law of mass action in epidemiology." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 31, no. 1 (1945): 24-34.
* Wilson, Edwin B., and Jane Worcester. "The law of mass action in epidemiology: II." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 31, no. 4 (1945): 109-116.

## Awards and honors

She became a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1960. In 1968, Smith College awarded her an honorary doctorate.
# Demmler

Demmler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Georg Adolph Demmler (1804–1886), German architect and politician
* Kurt Demmler (1943–2009), German songwriter, accused of sexual abuse he hanged himself in his Berlin jail cell.
* Ralph H. Demmler (1904–1995), American lawyer
* Steven E. Demmler Sr. (1952-), Chief Props at Saturday Night Live for 47 seasons.
* Steven E. Demmler Jr. (1985-), Founder of Talon Entertainment Finance a film equity and debt investment vehicle and private equity firm that owns and operates soundstages around the world.
# Demmin (district)

53°45′N 13°00′E﻿ / ﻿53.75°N 13.0°E﻿ / 53.75; 13.0
Demmin (German pronunciation:) is a former Kreis (district) in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It was bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Müritz, Güstrow, Nordvorpommern, Ostvorpommern and Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

## History

Demmin District was established in 1994 by merging the former districts of Demmin, Altentreptow and Malchin. On 4 September 2011, the bulk of the district was merged to Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, while the northeastern Ämter Peenetal/Loitz and Jarmen-Tutow became part of Vorpommern-Greifswald.

## Coat of arms

* The coat of arms displays:
* The bull is the heraldic animal of Mecklenburg
* The silver griffin together with the chess pattern have been the arms of Pomerania
* The silver castle to the right is from the arms of the city of Demmin

## Towns and municipalities

The subdivisions of the district were (situation August 2011):
* Amt-free towns
* Dargun
* Demmin
Ämter :
| 1. Demmin-Land [seat: Demmin] Beggerow Borrentin Hohenbollentin Hohenmocker Kentzlin Kletzin Lindenberg Meesiger Nossendorf Sarow Schönfeld Siedenbrünzow Sommersdorf Utzedel Verchen Warrenzin 2. Jarmen-Tutow Alt Tellin Bentzin Daberkow Jarmen$^{1,2}$ Kruckow Tutow Völschow | 3. Malchin am Kummerower See Basedow Duckow Faulenrost Gielow Kummerow Malchin$^{1,2}$ Neukalen$^2$ 4. Peenetal/Loitz Düvier$^3$ Görmin Loitz$^{1,2}$ Sassen-Trantow 5. Stavenhagen Bredenfelde Briggow Grammentin Gülzow Ivenack Jürgenstorf Kittendorf Knorrendorf Mölln Ritzerow Rosenow Stavenhagen$^{1,2}$ Zettemin | 6. Treptower Tollensewinkel Altenhagen Altentreptow$^{1,2}$ Bartow Breesen Breest Burow Gnevkow Golchen Grapzow Grischow Groß Teetzleben Gültz Kriesow Pripsleben Röckwitz Siedenbollentin Tützpatz Werder Wildberg Wolde |
| $^1$ - seat of the Amt; $^2$ - town; $^3$ - former town/municipality |||
# Janet Carter

Janet Deborah Carter is a New Zealand clinical psychology academic who became a full professor and dean of science at the University of Canterbury in 2016. She was appointed acting Pro Vice Chancellor of Science for 2019–2020, and acting Executive Dean of Science from mid 2021.

## Academic career

Carter completed a master's degree at the University of Canterbury in 1996, with a thesis on gender differences in depression. After a PhD titled 'Gender and depression: a clinical perspective' at the University of Otago, Carter moved to the University of Canterbury, rising to full professor.

## Selected works

* Carter, J.D., Mulder, R.T., Bartram, A.F. and Darlow, B.A., 2005. Infants in a neonatal intensive care unit: parental response. Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and neonatal edition, 90(2), pp.F109-F113.
* Kawa, Izabela, Janet D. Carter, Peter R. Joyce, Caroline J. Doughty, Chris M. Frampton, J. Elisabeth Wells, Anne ES Walsh, and Robin J. Olds. "Gender differences in bipolar disorder: age of onset, course, comorbidity, and symptom presentation." Bipolar disorders 7, no. 2 (2005): 119–125.
* Luty, Suzanne E., Janet D. Carter, Janice M. McKenzie, Alma M. Rae, Christopher MA Frampton, Roger T. Mulder, and Peter R. Joyce. "Randomised controlled trial of interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression." The British Journal of Psychiatry 190, no. 6 (2007): 496–502.
* Joyce, Peter R., Janice M. McKenzie, Janet D. Carter, Alma M. Rae, Suzanne E. Luty, Christopher MA Frampton, and Roger T. Mulder. "Temperament, character and personality disorders as predictors of response to interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy for depression." The British Journal of Psychiatry 190, no. 6 (2007): 503–508.
* Joyce, Peter R., Janice M. McKenzie, Suzanne E. Luty, Roger T. Mulder, Janet D. Carter, Patrick F. Sullivan, and C. Robert Cloninger. "Temperament, childhood environment and psychopathology as risk factors for avoidant and borderline personality disorders." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 37, no. 6 (2003): 756–764.
# Frederick Squire

Frederick Squire is a Canadian rock singer, songwriter and guitarist. Originally from Ajax, Ontario, he is based in Sudbury following a number of years living in Sackville, New Brunswick.
Formerly a member of Shotgun & Jaybird, in which he used the stage name Dick Morello, he has collaborated with Julie Doiron, both on her solo albums and in the band Calm Down It's Monday. Squire and Doiron, additionally, collaborated with Mount Eerie on the 2008 album Lost Wisdom and with Daniel Romano of Attack in Black on 2009's Daniel, Fred & Julie.
In 2010, Squire released a tour-only EP, March 12. An expanded version of the EP was released on November 2 on Blue Fog Recordings, and was later named as a longlisted nominee for the 2011 Polaris Music Prize.
In the fall of 2010, Squire and a fellow Canadian songwriter travelled to Paco Loco Studio in El Puerto de Santa Maria to record two country songs. [Calling It Quits/Crazy Tropical Survival Guide] was released as a seven-inch two-song single and digital download on March 22, 2011.
After touring Canada together in 2011 in support of their seven-inch as well as Squire's second solo album, Frederick Squire Sings Shenandoah and Other Popular Hits, and her fifth solo album, the duo decided to take a break from touring and Frederick settled on Planet Earth.
His album Spooky Action at a Distance was released on May 27, 2016.

## Discography

* Rubber Covered Painter Must Remain Inside Exit Flange to Maintain Anti-wicking Seal (2004, as Dick Morello)
* Lost Wisdom (2008, with Julie Doiron and Mount Eerie)
* Daniel, Fred & Julie (2009, with Julie Doiron and Daniel Romano)
* March 12 (2010)
* Calling It Quits/Crazy Tropical Survival Guide (2011)
* Frederick Squire Sings Shenandoah and Other Popular Hits (2011)
* Spooky Action at a Distance (2016)
# Democratic Republic of the Congo–United Kingdom relations

Democratic Republic of the Congo–United Kingdom relations are the bilateral relations between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the United Kingdom. The Democratic Republic of the Congo maintains an embassy in London and the United Kingdom maintains an embassy in Kinshasa.
The United Kingdom established its first Diplomatic mission with the Congo Free State in 1902 when a British Consulate was built in the then capital Boma. A vice-consulate later opened in Léopoldville in 1906. In 1923 Léopoldville was proclaimed the capital of the Belgian Congo and in 1930 the British Consulate in Boma closed and the vice-consulate in Léopoldville became the consulate.
Along with the United States the United Kingdom was a supporter of the Mobutu Sese Seko regime in Zaire due to the regime's anti-communist stance. President Mobutu made a state visit to the United Kingdom in December 1973.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a recipient of UK Aid, in 2014 the Department for International Development spent £162.2 million on programmes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# Deep Green

Deep Green is a project that ran under the Information Processing Technology Office of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. The purpose of the project was to develop a decision-making support system for United States Army commanders. The systems developed feature advanced predictive capabilities to enable computers to efficiently and accurately predict possible future scenarios, based on an analysis of the current situation, in order to give army commanders a better view of possible outcomes for their decisions
Deep Green is composed of four major components:
* Blitzkrieg – Battlefield model which analyzes current situation and determines possible future outcomes for use in planning. When a plan is presented, Blitzkrieg analyzes the plan to point out possible results of that course of action to the commander. Blitzkrieg itself does not do planning, it merely determines the likely results of a plan formulated by a human commander.
* Crystal Ball – Performs analysis of possible futures generated from blitzkrieg, and determines the "best" choices by measuring flexibility, usefulness, and likelihood of each. It picks the best of these choices and presents them to the commander. Also updates model of battlefield situation with information pulled from the field. This might include reports from soldiers, through a program similar to the Communicator program that was developed under the Information Awareness Office or through automated RSTA systems such as HART.
* Commander's Associate – this is the user interface and visualization component. It consists of "Sketch-to-decide" which presents the commander with a list of options, and "Sketch-to-plan" which is a screen on which the commander can draw up a plan, which Deep Green will interpret and put into action.
# Deep Gap, North Carolina

Deep Gap is an unincorporated community located in Watauga County, North Carolina, United States. The community is named after the natural gap, called Deep Gap, at Fire Scale Mountain, where the Blue Ridge Parkway crosses over US 421. Influential guitar player Doc Watson was born in Deep Gap and lived there until his death on May 29, 2012.

## History

In 1887, the Gap Creek Baptist Church was established.

## Notable people

* Doc Watson, guitar player
* Merle Watson, musician, son of Doc
# Freeburg, Minnesota

Freeburg is an unincorporated community in Houston County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

## History

A post office was established at Freeburg in 1858, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1947. The community was originally built up chiefly by Germans, who named it after the city of Freiburg, Germany.
# Democratic and Social Centre

Democratic and Social Centre may refer to:
* Democratic and Social Center - People's Party (Portuguese: Centro Democrático e Social - Partido Popular), a Portuguese centre-right political party, with an ideological foundation on Christian democracy, Conservatism and Classical liberalism, founded on 19 July 1974.
* Centre of Social Democrats, a French Christian-democratic and centrist party, which existed from 1976 to 1995.
* Democratic and Social Centre (Spain), a Spanish moderate, social democratic and centrist political party, which was founded in 1982.
# Frederick Clarke

Frederick, Freddie or Fred Clarke may refer to:

## Sport

* Fred Clarke (1872–1960), American baseball player
* Fred Clarke (Australian footballer) (1932–2020), Australian rules footballer for Richmond
* Fred Clarke (footballer, born 1941), Northern Irish defender
* Freddie Clarke (born 1992), English rugby union lock

## Others

* Sir Fred Clarke (educationist) (1880–1952), English director of the University of London Institute of Education
* F. A. S. Clarke (Frederick Arthur Stanley Clarke, 1892–1972), British brigadier who served in both World Wars
* Frederick J. Clarke (1915–2002), American lieutenant general with Army Corps of Engineers
# Frederick Clarendon

Frederick Villiers Clarendon (c.1820 – 17 October 1904) was an Irish architect noted for his design work on a number of large public buildings in Dublin, including the Natural History Museum and Arbour Hill Prison.

## Life

Frederick Clarendon was born in Dublin around 1820 and received a Bachelor of Arts at Dublin University in 1839. Directly after graduation he was employed by the Office of Public Works, where he would remain until his retirement in 1887. Clarendon died in Mountjoy Square, Dublin in 1904.

## Works

Clarendon's earliest major works focussed on Dublin's prison system. Arbour Hill Prison was redesigned in 1845 by Sir. Joshua Jebb with Clarendon acting as executive architect, and Clarendon was also co-designer of the "Criminal Lunatic Asylum" in Dundrum two years later. Clarendon oversaw the renovation and extension of the Royal Irish Academy's premises on Dawson Street between 1852 and 1854, as their existing Grafton Street location had become overcrowded. Clarendon's most remembered work is Ireland's Natural History Museum on Merrion Street adjacent to Leinster House, known as the "Dead Zoo". The Royal Dublin Society had been obliged to use a public architect in order to obtain treasury funding, and the building was taken over by the State in 1877. Today the Museum forms part of the National Museum of Ireland. Clarendon provided his services free of charge to design the Mariners Hall, Howth in 1867. This then served as a Presbyterian Meeting House for over thirty years, services being conducted through the medium of Scottish Gaelic, the language of the immigrant seasonal fishermen of the village.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Frederick Clarendon :
* NotesConfirmed by Sir Arthur Vicars, Ulster King of Arms, 26 May 1904.
* CrestOn a wreath of the colours an ostrich feather barry Argent and Sable.
* EscutcheonOr on a bend cotised all indented Sable three pairs of ostrich feathers in saltire Argent.
* MottoAmando Servio
# Jared Hohlt

Jared Hohlt (born 1971 or 1972) is an American writer and magazine editor. He was named editor of Slate magazine in March 2019. He is a 1994 graduate of Harvard University.

## Career

Hohlt's first job was at Slate, as an editorial assistant. He worked for Metropolis and Inside.com before joining New York Magazine, where he worked for 18 years, and had been top editor of the print version since 2014.