OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George E. Bushnell

George Edward Bushnell (November 4, 1887 – September 30, 1965) was a member of the Michigan Supreme Court from 1934 to 1955.
Born in Roanoke, Virginia, he graduated from Virginia Tech in 1907 with a degree in engineering. After working for a time at a New York advertising firm: Sperry and Hutchinson, Bushnell came to Detroit and studied at the Detroit College of Law. He practiced law in Detroit, Michigan and was involved with the Democratic Party in Wayne County, Michigan. Bushnell served in the Motor Transportation Corps of the United States Army during World War I. Bushnell defeated incumbent justice George M. Clark, and served on the Michigan Supreme Court from 1934 to 1956.
Bushnell was active in Freemasonry for man years. Raised in Taylor Lodge No. 23 at Salem, Virginia in 1909, he also served as master of Sojourners Lodge No. 483 of Detroit in 1925. He received his 33° in 1924. Bushnell was a member of the Masonic Service Association European Committee sent abroad in 1945 to investigate the state of the Craft in Europe following the war.
Most significantly, he was elected to serve as the leader of the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry in 1953. He served in that position until he died of a cerebral hemorrhage in his hotel room while attending the annual meeting of the Scottish Rite Freemasons in Cleveland, Ohio. He had just conferred the 33 Degree on candidates the previous evening.
# Karl Gatermann the Elder

Karl Gatermann (July 19, 1883 – February 14, 1959), typically referred to as Karl Gatermann the Elder, was a German painter and graphic artist. He was the uncle of artist Karl Gatermann, who is typically called "Karl Gatermann the Younger" to distinguish between the two.

## Life

Gatermann was born in Mölln, in 1883. His mother was part of a family of musicians. After completing of an elementary school in Mölln, he completed an apprenticeship as a decorator. He traveled between Dessau, Munich and Hesse from 1901 to 1903. Then he studied at the art school on Lübeck under Leo von Lütgendorff from 1904 to 1907. The financial support of the Lübeck physician and local researcher Rudolf Struck (Gatermann illustrated Struck's books The Old Civic Residence in Lübeck, Volumes I and II) enabled him to study in Munich's Academy of Fine Arts. There he studied from 1907 to 1914 and became a master with Hugo von Habermann.
In 1910 he received the First Prize for Painting of the City of Munich for the oil painting Life.
From 1919 to 1942 he lived and worked in Lübeck. In 1919 he became a co-founder and temporarily second chairman of the Lübecker Bildender Künstler. In the summer of 1922, he accompanied Rudolf von Laban and his dance group, creating an expressive cycle of movement studies. In Berlin in 1923 and 1925, he exhibited his watercolors in the galleries of Rudolf Wiltschek and the Kunsthaus Heumann in Hamburg in 1926. Wiltschek conducted a Berlin-London art exchange with a London gallery; Gatermann's watercolors were also shown in England and in the London Times. In 1928, he became acquainted with the painters Otto Niemeyer-Holstein, Ernst Frick, Albert Kohler and the writer Werner von der Schulenburg. In 1942, during the Allied bombing of Lübeck, about 100 of his oil paintings and 125 watercolors were destroyed. He died of a stroke in 1959.

## Works

Gatermann predominantly focused on north German landscapes and cities, though he also painted still life and figurative scenes, and portraits of people including Marie Curie, Wilhelm Furtwangler, Otto Bernheimer, Julius Eugen Kopsch, Hans-Peter Mainzberg, and Otto Anthes.
# Keith Whittington

Keith E. Whittington (born July 12, 1968) is an American political scientist and legal scholar. He has been the William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Politics at Princeton University since 2006. In July 2024, he joined the Yale Law School faculty. Whittington's research focuses on American constitutionalism, American political and constitutional history, judicial politics, the presidency, and free speech and the law.

## Early life and education

He graduated with a bachelor's degree in government, finance and business at the University of Texas at Austin. He received a master's degree in political science at Yale University, followed by a doctoral degree in 1995.

## Academia

Whittington has focused on American constitutionalism, American political and constitutional history, judicial politics, the presidency, and free speech and the law in his scholarship. His work has contributed to increased understanding of originalist thought, political construction of constitutional principles, and the history of political conflict over constitutional meaning.
His teaching career began in 1995, with an assistant professorship at the Catholic University of America. He joined the Princeton University faculty in 1997, and he became the William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Politics in 2006, a professorship endowed for the study of law. He will join the Yale Law School faculty in July 2024. He has been a visiting professor at Harvard Law School, the Georgetown University Law Center, and the University of Texas School of Law.
Whittington was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2012. He is a visiting fellow at the Hoover Institution.

## Other professional activities

He was the founding chair of the Academic Freedom Alliance and serves on its academic committee.
In 2021, Whittington was appointed to the Presidential Commission on the Supreme Court of the United States.
He is a blogger at the Volokh Conspiracy and has had works in various media outlets, like The New York Times and The Washington Post.

## Authored books

* Whittington, Keith; Gillman, Howard; Mark A., Graber (2021). American Constitutionalism (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-752763-4.
* ———————— (2019). Repugnant Laws: Judicial Review of Acts of Congress from the Founding to the Present. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-2779-0.
* ———————— (2018). Speak Freely: Why Universities Must Defend Free Speech. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691181608.
* ———————— (2016). American Political Thought: Readings and Materials. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-933886-3.
* ———————— (2007). Political Foundations of Judicial Supremacy: The Presidency, the Supreme Court, and Constitutional Leadership in U.S. History. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-09640-7.
* ———————— (1999). Constitutional Interpretation: Textual Meaning, Original Intent, and Judicial Review. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 978-0-7006-1141-6.
* ———————— (1999). Constitutional Construction: Divided Powers and Constitutional Meaning. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-16541-0.
# Pickettywitch

Pickettywitch was a British pop group. Fronted by singer Polly Brown (also billed as Polly Browne), with Chris Warren as the secondary lead singer. The group became best known for its hit single, "That Same Old Feeling", which was written by Tony Macaulay and John Macleod. It reached number five in the UK Singles Chart in 1970.

## Origins

The original members were Polly Brown (vocals), Chris Warren (vocals), Bob Brittain (organ), Martin Bridges (guitar), Mike Tomich (bass guitar) and Keith Hall (drums). Bridges and Tomich were replaced later in 1970 by Peter Hawkins (died 18 October 2014) (guitar) and Brian Stuart (bass), who would later be replaced by Paul Risi (guitar) and Paul Riordan (bass). The name Pickettywitch is often said to have been taken from a Cornish village through which their eventual lead singer, Polly Brown, had passed with her sister; in fact, there is no such village, though there was a pub of that name at Yeovil in Somerset.

## History

Pickettywitch was signed by record producer John Macleod to Pye Records and released their debut single, "You Got Me So I Don't Know" b/w "Solomon Grundy" in July 1969. Their U.K. chart breakthrough came in early 1970 when the single "That Same Old Feeling" hit the top 5. That single also made the top 40 on the Cashbox pop chart in the US a few months later and remains their only hit single there.
Two further singles also made the UK chart in that year - these were "(It's Like A) Sad Old Kinda Movie" (again written by Macaulay and Macleod) (number 16), and "Baby I Won't Let You Down" (written by Les Reed and Geoff Stephens) (number 27).
In 1970, "Days I Remember" received radio airplay. The single did not appear on record charts, but "That Same Old Feeling" reached No. 67 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 40 on the Cashbox pop chart in the summer of that same year. Brown left for a solo career in late 1972.

## Subsequent careers

Brown went on to a form a duo called Sweet Dreams, in partnership with Tony Jackson, recording a cover of the ABBA song "Honey, Honey". Brown then launched a solo career, with minor hits in the UK and the United States. Hall joined Gerry & the Pacemakers for five years, and has an active international career as a jazz drummer.
Brown continues to write and record music including blues material. There is a misconception that she died in 2006, due to the death that year of Sheila Rossall, who had been the lead singer of a latter-day edition of Pickettywitch who worked the club circuit. Rossall had attracted some publicity in 1981 because she suffered from total allergy syndrome, and Brown often faced questions about the illness as a result.

## Albums

* Pickettywitch (Janus Records, 1970, LP)
* That Same Old Feeling: The Complete Recordings (Castle Records, 2001, CD)

## Singles

* "That Same Old Feeling" (1970) - UK No. 5, Ireland No. 6, NZ No. 7, Argentina No. 8 South Africa No. 17, Canada No. 36, US No. 67
* "(It's Like a) Sad Old Kinda Movie" (1970) - UK No. 16
* "Baby I Won't Let You Down" (1970) - UK No. 27
* "Waldo P. Emerson Jones" (1971) - Canada No. 83
# Point Park

Point Park may refer to:
* Point Park, a portion of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park on Lookout Mountain in Tennessee
* Point State Park, in downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
** Point Park University, a university in Pittsburgh, named after the park
# Willys Lightning engine

The Lightning was a Willys straight-6 engine produced in the 1940s and 1950s. It was used in the Willys Jeep Station Wagon and other Jeep-based vehicles at the time. It was replaced with the Willys Super Hurricane engine.

## L148

The L148 version displaced 148 in³ (2.4 L).
Applications:
* 1948-1950 Willys Jeep Station Wagon
* 1949-1950 Willys-Overland Jeepster

## L161

The L161 version displaced 161 in³ (2.6 L).
Applications:
* 1950-51 Willys Jeep Station Wagon
* 1950 Willys-Overland Jeepster
* 1952-55 Willys Aero-Lark
* 1953-55 Willys Aero-Falcon
* This article about an automotive part or component is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Macromphalina bouryi

Macromphalina bouryi is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Vanikoridae.
# Georg C. Klaren

Georg C. Klaren (1900–1962) was an Austrian screenwriter and film director. He worked on a number of screenplays with Herbert Juttke during the silent and early sound eras including Alfred Hitchcock's 1931 film Mary. After the Second World War, Klaren became the head dramaturge at the East German state-owned studio DEFA.

## Selected filmography
### Screenwriter

* Nanette Makes Everything (1926)
* Department Store Princess (1926)
* I Liked Kissing Women (1926)
* Assassination (1927)
* The Transformation of Dr. Bessel (1927)
* Flirtation (1927)
* Casanova's Legacy (1928)
* Sex in Chains (1928)
* Fair Game (1928)
* The Lady and the Chauffeur (1928)
* Odette (1928)
* A Knight in London (1929)
* Kolonne X (1929)
* The Lord of the Tax Office (1929)
* Somnambul (1929)
* Devotion (1929)
* Cagliostro (1929)
* Marriage in Trouble (1929)
* Perjury (1929)
* Peter the Mariner (1929)
* The Right of the Unborn (1929)
* The Hound of the Baskervilles (1929)
* Busy Girls (1930)
* Oh Those Glorious Old Student Days (1930)
* Elisabeth of Austria (1931)
* The Lovers of Midnight (1931)
* Mary (1931)
* Madame Bluebeard (1931)
* Gloria (1931)
* Chauffeur Antoinette (1932)
* Antoinette (1932)
* The Love Contract (1932)
* The Secret of Johann Orth (1932)
* Three from the Unemployment Office (1932)
* A Woman Like You (1933)
* There Is Only One Love (1933)
* Frasquita (1934)
* Pillars of Society (1935)
* The Cossack and the Nightingale (1935)
* Ave Maria (1936)
* A Woman Between Two Worlds (1936)
* Shadows of the Past (1936)
* The Love of the Maharaja (1936)
* The Chief Witness (1937)
* Heimweh (1937)
* The Beaver Coat (1937)
* The False Step (1939)
* Clarissa (1941)
* Doctor Crippen (1942)
* Voyage Without Hope (1943)
* Love's Carnival (1955)

### Director

* Manolescu, Prince of Thieves (1933)
* Wozzeck (1947)
* Semmelweis – Retter der Mütter (1950)
* Die Sonnenbrucks (1951)
* Call Over the Air (1951)
* Karriere in Paris (1952)
* Daughter of the Regiment (1953)
# Katharine Phillips

Katharine A. Phillips is an American psychiatrist who specializes in body dysmorphic disorder. She is a professor of psychiatry at NewYork-Presbyterian and Weill Cornell Medicine. She has contributed to more than 350 scientific journals and books and has been featured in interviews with numerous media outlets, such as the New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, and Boston Globe.
She was featured as a guest on the Oprah Winfrey Show and has written many acclaimed books, including The Broken Mirror: Understanding and Treating Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Understanding Body Dysmorphic Disorder: An Essential Guide. To address body dysmorphic disorder in males, she co-authored The Adonis Complex: How to Identify, Treat and Prevent Body Obsession in Men and Boys.
Phillips has been board certified member of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology and, as of 2019, she is a Distinguished Life Fellow of American Psychiatric Association. In addition to these achievements, she is also the member of the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Foundation and has spoken at numerous events hosted by the organization.

## Select publications

* Phillips, K.A., Dufresne, R.G. Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Am J Clin Dermatol 1, 235–243 (2000). https://doi.org/10.2165/00128071-200001040-00005
* Phillips, Katharine A. M.D.; Diaz, Susan F. M.D.1 Gender Differences in Body Dysmorphic Disorder, The Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease: September 1997 - Volume 185 - Issue 9 - p 570-577
* Phillips, K. A., McElroy, S. L., Keck, P. E., Pope, H. G., & Hudson, J. I. (1993). Body dysmorphic disorder: 30 cases of imagined ugliness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 302-302.
* Phillips K. A. (2007). Suicidality in Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Primary Psychiatry, 14(12), 58–66.
# Kelch Chanticleer (Fabergé egg)

The Kelch Chanticleer egg is a jewelled, enameled Easter egg made by Michael Perchin under the supervision of the Russian jeweller Peter Carl Fabergé in 1904. It was made for the Russian industrialist Alexander Ferdinandovich Kelch, who presented the Fabergé egg to his wife, Barbara Kelch-Bazanova.

## Surprise

Upon the hour, a diamond set cockerel pops up from the top of the egg, flaps its wings four times, nods his head three times, crowing all the while during this routine. This lasts fifteen seconds, before the clock strikes the hour on a bell.

## Similarities with Rothschild egg

As one of only four eggs with an ornamentation surprise and a clock, similarities have been drawn with the 1902 Rothschild egg.

## History

The Kelch Chanticleer egg is, together with the 1906 Moscow Kremlin egg, one of Fabergé's largest Imperial Easter eggs. It was long believed to be an Imperial egg and was purchased as such from A La Vieille Russie by Malcolm Forbes in 1966.
The first doubts were raised as to its Imperial status in 1979, when the ownership of six Fabergé eggs illustrated in a 1920 photograph was attributed to Alexander Ferdinandovich Kelch. These included several eggs which had previously been considered Imperial (including the Pine Cone egg and the Chanticleer egg) as well as three others bearing the initials BK of Barbara Kelch (the 1898 Kelch Hen egg, the 1902 Rocaille egg and the 1903 Kelch Bonbonnière egg).
In 2004, it was sold as part of the Forbes Collection to Viktor Vekselberg. Vekselberg purchased some nine Imperial eggs from the collection, for almost $100 million. The egg is now housed in Vekselberg's Fabergé Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
# Pickfordiateuthis

Pickfordiateuthis is a genus of tiny squid in the family Loliginidae. While four species have been assigned to the genus, only three have been named. No member is known to reach a maximum mantle length of more than 22 mm (0.87 in).
The genus was erected in 1953 by Gilbert L. Voss, who named it in honour of biologist Grace Evelyn Pickford. Voss placed the sole species known at the time, P. pulchella, in its own family, Pickfordiateuthidae, but this was sunk in synonymy with Loliginidae by Thomas Brakoniecki in his 1996 revision of Pickfordiateuthis. Brakoniecki also described P. vossi as new and identified a third, unnamed species, P. sp. A. A fourth species, P. bayeri, was added in 2001 by Clyde Roper and Michael Vecchione.
# Girardin

Girardin is a French-language surname, in some cases a francization of Italian surname Gherardini. It may refer to:

## People

* Annick Girardin (b. 1964), French politician
* Auguste Girardin [fr] (1830–1915), French politician
* Brigitte Girardin (born 1953), French politician
* Émile Girardin (1895–1982), Canadian businessman
* Éric Girardin (b. 1962), French politician
* Étienne Girardin (b. 1994), French singer of chorus group Vox Angeli
* Eugène-Alexandre Girardin [fr] (1888–1972), French architect
* Frank J. Girardin (1856–1945), American artist
* Jean Girardin [fr] (1803–1884), French chemist
* Jules Girardin (1832–1888), French writer
* Lise Girardin (1921–2010), Swiss politician
* Marc Girardin a.k.a. Saint-Marc Girardin (1801–1873), French politician
* Marie-Louise Victoire Girardin (1754–1794), French ship's steward and cross-dresser
* Nicolas-Claude Girardin [fr] (1749–1786), French architect
* Paul Girardin (1875–1950), French geographer
* Ray Girardin (1935–2019), American film, stage and television actor

## Companies

* Girardin Brewery (est. 1845), a family owned brewery in Belgium
* Girardin Minibus (est. 1935), a Canadian bus manufacturer
# Elske McCain

Elske McCain (born September 4, 1976) is an American film director, actress, producer and screenwriter.

## Biography

Born in Yuma, Arizona, McCain began watching films at an early age and aspired to become an actress. In 2004 McCain was cast in 'Goat Sucker' by local filmmaker Matt Reel. On October 8, 2006, she was a contestant of the Fox Reality Channel series The Search for the Next Elvira. She has since directed and produced her own films, including the films Creep Creepersins 'Vaginal Holocaust'. She directed her first film in 2009 entitled "Stripping For Dummies". The film features Independent actress Scarlet Salem.

## Filmography

| Actress: Silent Fury (1994) The Getaway (1994) The Goat Sucker (2005) All the French Are Whores (2006) Poultrygeist: Night of the Chicken Dead (2006) You're Next 3: Pajama Party Massacre (2007) Gimme Skelter (2007) Splatter Movie: The Director's Cut (2008) Caged Lesbos A-Go-Go (2009) | Amateur Porn Star Killer 3D: Inside the Head (2009) Defective Man! (2009) Jessicka Rabid (2009) Trade In (2009) Halfway to Hell (2009) Incest Death Squad (2009) Vaginal Holocaust (2009) Killer Biker Chicks (2009) Strip Club Slasher (2009) Welcome to my Darkside! – Women in Horror (2009) The Dead Light District (2010) | Producer: Jessicka Rabid (2009) All the French Are Whores (2006) The Goat Sucker (2005) Director: Stripping For Dummies (2009) |
# Dermod O'Brien, 5th Baron Inchiquin

Dermod Ruadh O'Brien, 5th Baron of Inchiquin (October 1594 – 29 December 1624) was an Irish baron.

## Biography

Dermod, who was born in October 1594, was the son of Murrough O'Brien, 4th Baron Inchiquin (1562 – 24 July 1597), the son of Murrough McDermot O'Brien, 3rd Baron Inchiquin and Mabel Nugent, daughter of Christopher Nugent, 6th Baron Delvin. He inherited the barony at the age of two.

## Family

Dermod O'Brien married Ellen, eldest daughter of Sir Edmund FitzJohn FitzGerald of Cloyne and Ballymaloe House in County Cork, from that powerful Hiberno-Norman family. They had four sons, and several daughters:
* Murrough, 6th Baron Inchiquin, their eldest son, became the first Earl of Inchiquin.
* Henry (d. 1645), a lieutenant colonel in the army of King Charles I.
* Christopher (died 1664), a lieutenant-colonel in the Irish Confederate Army, who was created "Baron of Inchiquin," by the Supreme Council of the Catholic Confederation. He never married.
* Murtough O'Brien, who led a guerrilla campaign against Cromwell's generals in the Burren. He later obtained a pardon and emigrated to Spain where he became a general in the Spanish army
* Honora, who married Anthony Stoughton of Rattoo, County Kerry.
* Mary, married Michael Boyle, Archbishop of Armagh, and Lord Chancellor of Ireland, and had with him numerous children, including Murrough Boyle, 1st Viscount Blesington, and Eleanor (who became the wife of the William Hill of Hillsborough, M.P., and mother to Michael Hill (1672–1699) M.P.).
* Ann, died unmarried

## Ancestors

Ancestors of Dermod O'Brien, 5th Baron Inchiquin :
# Claude-François de Méneval

Claude-François de Méneval (8 April 1778 – 1850) was Napoleon's private secretary from 1802 until 1813. He was awarded the title of Baron de Méneval, Baron of the Empire by Letters patent in 1810.
He was born in Paris to a merchant father and was educated at the Collège des Quatre-Nations. He attended salons, where he met Napoleon's brother, Louis Bonaparte, and was secretary to Joseph Bonaparte during his diplomatic missions, including the Convention of 1800 with the United States, the Treaty of Lunéville with Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and the Treaty of Amiens with the United Kingdom.
After the disgrace of Louis Antoine Fauvelet de Bourrienne, Méneval was appointed Napoleon's private secretary, which required him to live in the Tuileries Palace with Napoleon.
Méneval married Aimée Virginie Joséphine des Comtes de Montvernot in 1807 and was made Baron de l'Empire in 1810.
Méneval accompanied Napoleon on his invasion of Russia in 1812 but was forced to resign as his secretary because of frostbite and declining health caused by the Russian winter. From 1813 until 1815, he served Empress Marie Louise, and during the Hundred Days of 1815, Napoleon wanted to create him Duke, Councillor of State and Minister for the Post, but his abdication put an end to this wish. Napoleon remembered Méneval fondly during his exile on Saint Helena: "He was gentle, reserved, zealous, very private, able to work at any time whatsoever. He never gave me anything less than satisfaction and pleasantness. And I loved him dearly."
His memoirs were published in 1843.

## Works

* Memoirs to Serve for the History of Napoleon I from 1802 to 1815, translated by Robert H. Sherard (London: Hutchinson, 1894).
# R327 (South Africa)

The R327 is a Regional Route in South Africa. Its a regional route in the Western Cape and connects Mossel Bay to Ladismith and part of the northern route is a gravel road.

## Route

Its northern origin is from the R62 near Ladismith. From there it winds generally south-east. It goes over Cloete's Pass before reaching Herbertsdale. On the other side of the town it crosses the Du Plessis Pass. It then reaches its south-eastern terminus at the N2 near Mossel Bay.
# Katharine Preston

Katherine Preston is a British writer and public speaker. Her work has appeared in a number of publications, including the Daily Telegraph, Psychology Today, and Salon.

## Career

Preston graduated with a degree in history from Durham University in 2005. She worked in asset management before moving to America to write a memoir on her experiences as a stutterer. The book, Out With It: How Stuttering Helped Me Find My Voice, was published by Simon & Schuster in 2013.