OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Preqin

Preqin Ltd. is a privately held London-based investment data company that provides financial data and insight on the alternative assets market, as well as tools to support investment in alternatives. By the company's own definition, its data encompasses private capital and hedge funds, including fund, fund manager, investor, performance and deal information. The asset classes it covers are: private equity, venture capital, hedge funds, private debt, real estate, infrastructure, natural resources and secondaries.

## History

Preqin launched as ‘Private Equity Intelligence’ in 2003. Founded by Mark O’Hare and Nick Arnott, it began by listing private equity performance data, relying on the Freedom of Information Act (UK FOIA).
In 2018 the business launched a research report titled Women in Alternatives, which detailed underrepresentation of women in the alternative assets industry.
In August 2021, Preqin fully acquired Colmore, a leading private markets technology, services and administration business.
Preqin won The Queen's Award for Enterprise in International Trade in 2016 and 2019, was a national winner at the 2019 European Business Awards, and was named as part of the Sunday Times International Track 200 in the same year.
On July 1, 2024, BlackRock confirmed it would acquire Preqin for £2.55 billion. The plan was to combine Preqin’s data and research tools with Aladdin.
# Primordial element (algebra)

In algebra, a primordial element is a particular kind of a vector in a vector space.

## Definition

Let $V$ be a vector space over a field $\mathbb {F}$ and let $\left(e_{i}\right)_{i\in I}$ be an $I$-indexed basis of vectors for $V.$ By the definition of a basis, every vector $v\in V$ can be expressed uniquely as $v=\sum _{i\in I}a_{i}(v)e_{i}$ for some $I$-indexed family of scalars $\left(a_{i}\right)_{i\in I}$ where all but finitely many $a_{i}$ are zero. Let $I(v)=\left\{i\in I:a_{i}(v)\neq 0\right\}$ denote the set of all indices for which the expression of $v$ has a nonzero coefficient. Given a subspace $W$ of $V,$ a nonzero vector $p\in W$ is said to be primordial if it has both of the following two properties:
* $I(p)$ is minimal among the sets $I(w),$ where $0\neq w\in W,$ and
* $a_{i}(p)=1$ for some index $i.$
# Cryomorpha

Cryomorpha is a genus in the phylum Bacteroidota (Bacteria).

## Etymology

The name Cryomorpha derives from: Greek noun kruos, icy cold, frost; Greek feminine gender noun morphē, shape or form; Neo-Latin feminine gender noun Cryomorpha, cold shape.

## Species

The genus contains a single species, namely C. ignava ( Bowman et al. 2003, (Type species of the genus).; Latin feminine gender adjective ignava, lazy, pertaining to the biochemically and nutritionally inert nature of the species.)
# Long Lake (Montmorency County, Michigan)

Long Lake is a 295-acre (119 ha) lake in northeastern Montmorency County, Michigan. The lake is primarily in Montmorency Township, although the southernmost portion is located in Hillman Township, as well as part of the Mackinaw State Forest. The nearest town is Hillman at about 6 miles (9.7 km) southeast of the lake.

## Features

Long Lake consists of two distinct sections divided by a 500-foot (152 m) channel. In the larger northern section of the lake sits a small island. Also in the north of the lake sits a small bay known as Ghost Bay due to the treacherous floor and taller trees surrounding the bay limiting sunlight.
The lake is a popular summer fishing and boating destination. Common fish in the lake include northern pike, bluegill, smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, rock bass, yellow perch, walleye, and very rarely rainbow trout. rainbow trout used to be stocked in the lake many years ago, so there’s probably not many left.
# Albizia elegans

Albizia elegans is a species of plants. It is found in Myanmar.
# St Mary's Church, Tissington

St Mary’s Church, Tissington is a Grade II* listed parish church in the Church of England in Tissington, Derbyshire.

## History

The church dates from the 12th century, and the chancel and south porch still date from this time. The doorway has a Norman tympanum with two standing sculpted figures. The church was restored in 1854 when a new aisle was added on the north side.

## Parish status

The church is in a joint parish with
* St Michael and All Angels’ Church, Alsop-en-le-Dale
* St Edmund’s Church, Fenny Bentley
* St Peter's Church, Parwich
* St Leonard’s Church, Thorpe

## Memorials

* Francis FitzHerbert (d. 1619)
* Sir John FitzHerbert (d.1643)
* Frank Richard Allsop (d.1912), died on Titanic.

## Organ

The church contains a pipe organ by Albert Keates of Sheffield. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.
# St Mary's Church, Thirsk

St Mary's Church, Thirsk is a Church of England parish church in Thirsk, North Yorkshire. The church is a grade I listed building.

## History

The church dates from the 15th century.
The living was augmented in 1811 with £1,200 (equivalent to £109,983 in 2023) and in 1824 with another £400 (equivalent to £44,461 in 2023) both by parliamentary grant by lot. In 1834 there was another grant of £400 (equivalent to £48,561 in 2023) to meet the benefaction of a stipend of £30 per year by Archbishop Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt as a perpetual augmentation.
In 1857 the porch on the south side was rebuilt.
It was restored in 1877 by George Edmund Street. During the restoration of 1877 it was reported that the East window of the south aisle contained the royal arms of England quartered with France, with the motto “Dieu et mon droit.” There were also the arms of the Ascough family, those of Mowbray, of Sir James Strangways, and Elizabeth his wife, and members of their family.
The church re-opened on 2 October 1877.

### Recent history

In November 2016, the church was covered with handmade poppies as part of the Remembrance Day celebrations in Thirsk. The Thirsk Yarnbombers created more than 40,000 knitted or crocheted poppies to decorate the town, with the main display consisting of a "river" of poppies flowing from the top of St Mary's Church, down the side and then across the wall of the church's cemetery.
Best known as the renowned author James Herriot, "Alf" Wight married Joan Anderson (who appears as Helen in the Herriot books, movies and TV series) at St Marys on 5 November 1941.

## Parish status

St Mary's is one of four churches of the Benefice of Thirsk. The others are:
* St Wilfrid's Church, South Kilvington
* St Lawrence's Church, Carlton Miniott
* St Leonard's Church, Sandhutton

## Organ

A pipe organ was built in 1813 by Andrew Wood. It has been subsequently restored and enlarged. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.

## Bells

In 1859 the tower had four bells. The largest dating as far back as 1410 was reputed to have been brought from Fountains Abbey. The other three were cast in 1729, 1775 and 1805. Between 1857 and 1864 two new bells were added to the peal and two more in 1871. Since the peal was augmented to eight, then only the sixth bell has been recast in 1926.
# Epigroup

In abstract algebra, an epigroup is a semigroup in which every element has a power that belongs to a subgroup. Formally, for all x in a semigroup S, there exists a positive integer n and a subgroup G of S such that x$^n$ belongs to G.
Epigroups are known by wide variety of other names, including quasi-periodic semigroup, group-bound semigroup, completely π-regular semigroup, strongly π-regular semigroup (sπr), or just π-regular semigroup (although the latter is ambiguous).
More generally, in an arbitrary semigroup an element is called group-bound if it has a power that belongs to a subgroup.
Epigroups have applications to ring theory. Many of their properties are studied in this context.
Epigroups were first studied by Douglas Munn in 1961, who called them pseudoinvertible.

## Properties

* Epigroups are a generalization of periodic semigroups, thus all finite semigroups are also epigroups.
* The class of epigroups also contains all completely regular semigroups and all completely 0-simple semigroups.
* All epigroups are also eventually regular semigroups. (also known as π-regular semigroups)
* A cancellative epigroup is a group.
* Green's relations D and J coincide for any epigroup.
* If S is an epigroup, any regular subsemigroup of S is also an epigroup.
* In an epigroup the Nambooripad order (as extended by P.R. Jones) and the natural partial order (of Mitsch) coincide.

## Examples

* The semigroup of all square matrices of a given size over a division ring is an epigroup.
* The multiplicative semigroup of every semisimple Artinian ring is an epigroup.$^{:5}$
* Any algebraic semigroup is an epigroup.

## Structure

By analogy with periodic semigroups, an epigroup S is partitioned in classes given by its idempotents, which act as identities for each subgroup. For each idempotent e of S, the set: $K_{e}=\{x\in S\mid \exists n>0:x^{n}\in G_{e}\}$ is called a unipotency class (whereas for periodic semigroups the usual name is torsion class.)
Subsemigroups of an epigroup need not be epigroups, but if they are, then they are called subepigroups. If an epigroup S has a partition in unipotent subepigroups (i.e. each containing a single idempotent), then this partition is unique, and its components are precisely the unipotency classes defined above; such an epigroup is called unipotently partionable. However, not every epigroup has this property. A simple counterexample is the Brandt semigroup with five elements B$_2$ because the unipotency class of its zero element is not a subsemigroup. B$_2$ is actually the quintessential epigroup that is not unipotently partionable. An epigroup is unipotently partionable if and only if it contains no subsemigroup that is an ideal extension of a unipotent epigroup by B$_2$.
# List of animated television series of the 1970s

Lists of animated television series first aired in the 1970s organized by year:
* List of animated television series of 1970
* List of animated television series of 1971
* List of animated television series of 1972
* List of animated television series of 1973
* List of animated television series of 1974
* List of animated television series of 1975
* List of animated television series of 1976
* List of animated television series of 1977
* List of animated television series of 1978
* List of animated television series of 1979
# Dracula (1986 video game)

Dracula is a text adventure game by CRL released in 1986 for the Commodore 64, Amstrad CPC, and ZX Spectrum home computers. The game is based on the novel Dracula by Bram Stoker. It was the first video game to be rated by the BBFC. The game received a 15 certificate.

## Plot

An English lawyer travels to Carpathia to meet Count Dracula regarding a routine property transaction, but soon learns that his client has sinister ulterior intentions.

## Gameplay

The game is a standard text adventure with static graphics in some locations. It is divided into three parts:
* "First Night" - The young solicitor arrives in Count Dracula's country, staying at the Golden Krone Hotel; strange events are observed
* "The Arrival" - After an eventful journey, he arrives at Dracula's castle, and soon learns the real nature of his host's intentions; he realizes that he must escape if he is to survive...
* "The Hunt" - A psychiatrist at an insane asylum in England receives a strange letter from a friend on business overseas, warning of "boxes of earth" and the "undead"; meanwhile a patient at the asylum grows increasingly disturbed...

## Reception

The game received a "15" certificate from the British Board of Film Censors because of the gory images it contains. However, CRL expressed disappointment with this as they had hoped for an "18" certificate.

## Legacy

CRL followed Dracula with three further adventures of a similar style, Frankenstein, Jack the Ripper and Wolfman, all of which also received BBFC ratings.
# Jack Allan (golfer)

Alexander John Travers Allan MB ChB known generally as Jack Allan (17 November 1875 – 3 March 1898) was a Scottish amateur golfer who won the British Amateur Championship in 1897 at Muirfield.

## Biography

Allan was born on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, the son of Margaret Bird Munro and Surgeon Colonel Alexander Allan (1836–1892), a Scottish surgeon working there in the Royal Navy Hospital.
He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and had graduated MBChB. While studying for his full qualification as a doctor (MD), and was probably undergoing practical training at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, when he contracted tuberculosis.
He died in Edinburgh of tuberculosis at the age of 22. He is buried in the southern section of Morningside Cemetery. His parents are buried opposite.

## Major championships
### Amateur wins (1)

| Year | Championship | Winning score | Runner-up |
| 1897 | The Amateur Championship | 4 & 2 | James Robb |
This was Allan's only appearance in the Amateur Championship.
# Gyaritus bangueyensis

Gyaritus bangueyensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1958. It is known from Banguey Island.
# Fancott Miniature Railway

vteFancott Miniature Railway :
Legend :
The Fancott Miniature Railway (FMR) is a 7+1⁄4 in (184 mm) gauge railway located in the gardens of the Fancott public house in Fancott (near Toddington), Bedfordshire, England. The track is laid in an oval with a triangular junction giving access to the station and with a separate steaming bay inside the oval. There is also a short line off towards a container used as a carriage shed, and a tunnel which contains a short siding for the railway's wagons. The FMR is part of Britain's Great Little Railways.

## History

The railway was opened in 1975. In 2015, the pub suffered a fire that damaged the engine sheds, locomotives and carriages. The sheds have since been restored and the rolling stock replaced. As of 2018, the Fancott Miniature Railway was believed to be the only miniature railroad on a pub ground in Britain.

## Locomotives

| No.1 "Herbie" | Built by Severn Lamb in 1984 (Build No. 1023) with a Honda look-a-like engine providing 6.6HP the engine arrived in 2002 from Southall Light Railway. Herbie was rebuilt in 2016 by Mr D Radcliffe after a fire broke out at the railway destroying Herbie along with the rest of the locomotives at the railway, Herbie returned to traffic 20 March 2017. |
| No.2 "Pippa" | Built by Mr P Whitmore in 1994, Pippa arrived at the railway around 1998 and was destined for the scrap heap. After some restoration in 2001 Pippa started working trains on the railway and unfortunately in 2015 Pippa was almost completely destroyed in a fire. Pippa is currently being restored by members of the railway and members of Watford Miniature Railway in the hopes it will one day run again. |
| No.3 "The Phoenix" | Built by members of the Cinderbarrow Miniature Railway in 2007 it contains a 6.6HP engine. Originally named ‘Tregoss’ the locomotive was renamed in November 2015 when it joined the railway to its current name of ‘Phoenix’. |
| No.4 "Davanna" | Built by David Humphreys in 2013 from a kit produced by Station Road Steam. Davanna arrived at the railway in March 2019 from its previous home at the Fembell Pub, Rochester after it closed down in 2017. |
| No.D7031 "Dark Star" | Build by Mardyke Miniature Railways in 1989 with a Brigg & Stratton 6.6HP engine, ‘Dark Star’ was originally named ‘Temeraire’. The locomotive arrived at the railway on 8 July 2015 from its previous owners Mr C Gross who undertook the massive task of restoring the locomotive. Since being purchased by the railway, ‘Dark Star’ is now owned by Ron Stanbridge, manager of the railway. |
# Giltspur Street Compter

The Giltspur Street Compter was a compter or small prison, designed by English architect and surveyor George Dance the Younger, mainly used to hold debtors. It was in Giltspur Street, Smithfield, close to Newgate, in the City of London, between 1791 and 1853.
The compter was adjacent to Christ's Hospital Boys' School (1553-1902). Its construction began in 1787, and was ready for occupation in 1791. In 1815 it took some prisoners from the nearby Poultry Compter prior to its closure. The Giltspur Street prison was itself closed in 1853 and demolished in 1854, the site being later occupied by the King Edward Buildings Royal Mail Sorting Office.

## Inmates

In 1831, Robert Wedderburn (radical) was arrested and sent to Giltspur Street Compter as he continued to campaign for freedom of speech, antislavery and working-class revolution.
# Gilttoyees Inlet

Gilttoyees Inlet is an inlet in the North Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It extends north from Douglas Channel. Its name derives from the Haisla term for the inlet, Giltu'yis (English: long inlet). It was first charted in 1793 by Joseph Whidbey and Robert Barrie, two of George Vancouver's officers during his 1791-95 expedition.
# John Watson Tadwell Watson

John Watson Tadwell Watson (1748–1826) was a British army officer.
Born in London in 1748, Watson entered the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards as an Ensign in April 1767 and on 28 April 1773 became captain. In that rank, in mid-1778, he sailed to join the Guards detachment that had been drafted for service in North America. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel and given command of a corps of British American light infantry, having replaced Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl of Harrington. Fifteen men from each company of the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards, Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards and the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards, formed a composite battalion of Foot Guards to be sent to North America. The composite battalion was subsequently split into two battalions. He was promoted to colonel in 1783 and to general in April 1808.
He has been described as 'typical of many a Guards officer down the years, seemingly puffed up with self-importance and reluctant to obey or cooperate with ranking officers.'
He married Frances, daughter of John Crewe, of Cheshire, England. He died in Calais, France, on 11 June 1826.
# John Watt

John Watt may refer to:
* John Watt (politician) (1826–1897), Australian politician, member of the New South Wales Legislative Council
* John Watt (physicist) (born 1932), Australian physicist
* John Watt (cricketer) (1858–1914), Australian cricketer
* John Alexander Watt (1868–1958), Australian geologist and mineralogist
* John Charles Watt (1884–1961), Australian cricketer and son of the above cricketer
* John Watt (broadcaster) (1901–1960), British broadcaster and producer
* John Millar Watt (1895–1975), British painter, illustrator and comics artist
* John Mitchell Watt (1892-1980) South African pharmacologist and author
# Du'aine Ladejo

Du'aine Ladejo (born 14 February 1971, in Paddington, London, England) is an English-born athlete and television personality. In his sports career, he was best known for winning the 400 metres sprint gold medal at the 1994 European Championships and being a member of the United Kingdom and England 400-metre relay squads at the European Championships, Olympics and Commonwealth Games during the 1990s. Ladejo is of mainly Nigerian ancestry
Since retiring from athletics, he has appeared on several television shows including Gladiators, where he is known by his Gladiator alias Predator. Ladejo is also the founder of Du'aine's Fit4Schools, an organisation which raises funds to promote health and fitness in schools. He now works full time as the head of Track & Field at Knox Grammar School, Sydney.

## Athletics career

At the 1994 European Championships, Ladejo won gold medals in both the 400 metres and the 4x400 metres relay. He won the individual sprint in 45.09 seconds, beating his compatriot and defending-champion Roger Black into second place. Ladejo also won the 400 metres gold medal at the European Indoor Championships in both 1994 and 1996. At the 1994 Commonwealth Games, he won a 400 metres silver medal (finishing runner-up to Kenya's Charles Gitonga) and a 4x400 metres relay gold medal. At the Olympic Games, Ladejo won two medals in the 4x400 metres relay – a silver medal in 1996 and a bronze medal in 1992.
Following the 1996 Olympics, Ladejo switched his focus to other athletics events, though he never enjoyed as much success as he did in the 400 metres. He tried his hand at the decathlon, in which he finished seventh at the 1998 Commonwealth Games, and also competed in the 400-metre hurdles.
During his athletics career, Ladejo trained with Birchfield Harriers.

## Media career

For a period during his athletics career, Ladejo also presented a TV show, Du'aine's World, on London Weekend Television. In the early 2000s, Ladejo competed in the BBC TV sports show Superstars, winning the competition in 2004 and finishing runner-up to Alain Baxter in 2005. Ladejo also appeared on the ITV reality TV show Celebrity Love Island in 2005.
Ladejo is the creator and owner of the television show Australia's Greatest Athlete Australia's Greatest Athlete. It aired in 2009, 2010 and 2011 on Network television station Channel 9 and Channel 7 in Australia. It was repeated on Fox sports channel. He is also the owner of the brand and Trademark Greatest Athlete.
In 2008, Ladejo joined the Sky One revival of the TV show Gladiators, competing under the Gladiator alias "Predator".

## Education

Ladejo started his education at Forest Grange School in West Sussex, before going on to King Edward's School, Witley. He completed his high school education in the United States at Medina High School in Medina, Ohio, where he graduated in 1988. He then went on to study radio, television and film at the University of Texas, graduating in 1993.
# List of elections in 1909

The following elections occurred in the year 1909.

## Asia

* 1909 Persian legislative election
* 1909 Philippine Assembly elections

## Europe

* 1909 Danish Folketing election
* 1909 Dutch general election
* 1909 Finnish parliamentary election
* 1909 Norwegian parliamentary election

## North America
### Canada

* 1909 Alberta general election
* 1909 British Columbia general election
* 1909 Edmonton municipal election
* 1909 Newfoundland general election
* 1909 Toronto municipal election
* 1909 Yukon general election

### United States

* 1909 United States gubernatorial elections
* United States Senate election in New York, 1909

## Oceania
### Australia

* 1909 Bulloo state by-election
* 1909 Moreton state by-election
* 1909 Tasmanian state election

### New Zealand

* 1909 Rangitikei by-election
* 1909 Thames by-election