OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pilobolus

Pilobolus is a genus of fungi that commonly grows on herbivore dung.

## Life cycle

The life cycle of Pilobolus begins with a black sporangium that has been discharged onto a plant substrate such as grass. A herbivorous animal such as a horse then eats the substrate, unknowingly consuming the sporangium as well. The Pilobolus sporangium survives the passage through the gastrointestinal tract without germinating, and emerges with the excrement. Once outside its host, spores within the sporangium germinate and grow as a mycelium within the excrement, where it is a primary colonizer. Later, the fungus fruits to produce more spores.
The asexual fruiting structure (the sporangiophore) of Pilobolus species is unique. It consists of a transparent stalk which rises above the excrement to end in a balloon-like subsporangial vesicle. On top of this, a single, black sporangium develops. The sporangiophore has the remarkable ability of orienting itself to point directly towards a light source. The shape and transparency of the subsporangial vesicle allow it to act as a lens, focusing light into carotenoid pigments deposited near the base of the vesicle, which absorb the photons and allow cells to detect the light level in the direction of the lens. The developing sporangiophore grows such that the maturing sporangium is aimed directly at the light.
When turgor pressure within the subsporangial vesicle builds to a sufficient level (often 7 ATM or greater), the sporangium is launched, and can travel anywhere from a couple of centimeters to a distance of 3 meters (10ft). For a sporangiophore less than 1cm tall, this involves acceleration from 0 to 20 km/h in only 2 μs, subjecting it to over 20,000 G, equivalent to a human being launched at 100 times the speed of sound. The orientation of the stalk towards the early morning sun apparently guarantees that the sporangium is shot some distance from the excrement, enhancing the chances that it will attach to vegetation and be eaten by a new host.
Another adaptation of Pilobolus is that the sporangium is covered in calcium oxalate crystals. Besides serving as a protective mechanism, their hydrophobic nature also leads the sporangium to flip over onto its sticky bottom after landing in a drop of dew, thus allowing it to cling to a plant substrate. Pilobolus species can be grown in artificial culture, but only when the growth medium is supplemented with some form of chelated iron, or with sterilized herbivore dung.
The forcible discharge mechanism of Pilobolus is exploited by parasitic nematodes including lungworms in the genus Dictyocaulus. Larval lungworm nematodes excreted by infected deer, elk, cattle, horses, and other hosts climb up Pilobolus sporangiophores and are discharged with the sporangium. They complete their life cycle when they and their Pilobolus vector are eaten by a new host.
# Pilocamptus

Pilocamptus is a genus of copepods belonging to the family Canthocamptidae.

## Species

Species:
* Pilocamptus africanus (Chappuis, 1933)
* Pilocamptus alluaudi (Chappuis, 1933)
* Pilocamptus georgevitchi (Chappuis, 1924)
# Pilobolus crystallinus

Pilobolus crystallinus, commonly known as the "dung cannon" or "hat thrower", is a species of fungus belonging to the Mucorales order. It is unique in that it adheres its spores to vegetation, so as to be eaten by grazing animals. It then passes through the animals' digestive systems and grows in their feces. Although these fungi only grow to be 2–4 cm (0.8–1.6 in) tall, they can shoot their sporangium, containing their spores, up to 2 m (6.6 ft) away. Due to an increase of pressure in the vesicle, the sporangium can accelerate 0–45 mph in the first millimeter of its flight, which corresponds to an acceleration of 20000 g. Using a mucus-like substance found in the vesicle of the fungus, the sporangium can adhere itself onto whatever it lands, thus completing its life cycle.
The basionym of this species is Hydrogera crystallina F.H. Wigg. 1780.
The ability of this fungus to cause problems for florists was noted in the scientific literature in 1881:
   ... this small fungus had proved this season to be an expensive annoyance to florists engaged in winter forcing flowers. Rose-growers especially had found it to interfere seriously with their profits. The injury was caused by the projection of the sporangia which covered the flowers and leaves of the roses as if profusely dusted with black pepper. The flowers were almost unsaleable as the first impression was that the black dots were aphids.

## Description

This fungus normally grows beneath the surface – a sensitivity to oxygen inhibits radial growth at the hyphae. According to McVickar (1942), and later amended by Ootaki et al. (1993), the development of P. crystallinus may be divided into six stages: In stage I, the sporangiophore initially elongates at the apex, but does not rotate. In stage II, the sporangiophore develops a sporangium. In stage III, after the development of the sporangium, there is a temporary cessation of growth. In stage IV, a subsporangial vesicle expands beneath the sporangium. This is followed by stage V, where the spore matures, and the region of hypha directly below the subsporangial vesicle continues elongating. Finally, in stage VI, the subsporangial vesicle bursts and throws the sporangium into the air. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy has shown that the surface of the sporangium is covered with crystals of two distinct sizes. The larger crystals enclose spines having a central pore.

## Host species

Pilobolus crystallinus has been reported to grow on the dung of cattle.
# Fire emergency

Fire emergency most commonly refers to:
# Compsoptera

Compsoptera is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.

## Species

* Compsoptera argentaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1839)
* Compsoptera caesaraugustanus Redondo, 1995
* Compsoptera jourdanaria (Serres, 1826)
* Compsoptera opacaria (Hübner, 1819)
# Pioneer Park, Fremantle

Pioneer Park or Pioneer Reserve is a public park situated between Pakenham, Short, Phillimore and Market Streets in Fremantle, Western Australia. It is across the road from the Fremantle Railway Station.
The Spare Parts Puppet Theatre is located within the park.
The name was made after the area ceased to be associated with the earlier names of Uglieland Fairground and Uglyland. The fairground had operated between 1922 and 1936 and was opened as the Pioneer Reserve by governor James Mitchell in 1942.
As the park adjoins Short Street on its south side it has also been known as part of the Short Street Precinct and has also been the site of archaeological digs.
In 2021 the park was utilised by homeless people, and their presence created significant reactions from local government and state politicians in the months before the Western Australian 2021 state election.
# Saint Mary's College (Michigan)

Saint Mary's College, also known as St. Mary's College of Madonna University, is a private college located in Orchard Lake Village, Michigan. St. Mary's College shares its campus with St. Mary's Preparatory and SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary. It is located on the former site of the Michigan Military Academy. It was founded in 1885 by Fr. Joseph Dabrowski and transferred in 2003 to become St. Mary's College of and the Orchard Lake Campus of Madonna University. Enrollment before the transfer was about 130 and specialized in Polish and Polish-American studies.

## St. Mary's College of Madonna University

St. Mary's College is now a college of Madonna University, much in the way the College of Humanities or the College of Sciences is of any university. Baccalaureate degrees are offered in Sacred Theology, Philosophy, and Polish Studies. St. Mary's College is host to the Catholic Integrated Core Curriculum, a set of courses taken in lieu of general education courses that seeks to integrate Faith and Reason as outlined in Pope John Paul II's encyclical Fides et Ratio, specifically through the study of philosophy, theology, and the great works of Western Civilization (literature, sculpture, etc.).

## Orchard Lake Campus of Madonna University

More widely, the campus is referred to as the Orchard Lake Campus of Madonna University. Courses taught cover a wide array of subjects including psychology, biology, business, and computer science.

## Notable alumni

* Dale Joseph Melczek, Bishop Emeritus of the Diocese of Gary, Indiana.
* Kerry Bentivolio, former Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Michigan's 11th congressional district.
# Saint Mary's College (Saint Lucia)

Saint Mary's College is an all-male secondary school located in Vigie, Castries, Saint Lucia.

## History

Saint Mary's College opened on 20 April 1890, founded by Rev. Louis Tapon as the first secondary school in Saint Lucia.
In 2022 there was a legal case after the head sent a student home because he had a full head of hair. Judge Kimberly Cenac-Phulgence granted an injunction obliging the school to admit the student while the dispute was settled.

## Notable alumni

* John Compton, 1st prime minister of Saint Lucia
* Derek Walcott, poet, dramatist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature
* Arthur Lewis, economist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Economics
* Philip J. Pierre, 8th prime minister of Saint Lucia
* Dunstan St. Omer, painter, muralist and designer of the national flag
* Emile Ford, singer
* Hunter J. Francois, lawyer and politician
* Vladimir Lucien, writer, critic and actor
# Piho

Piho is a surname and given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Apii Piho (born 1960), Cook Islands politician
* Han Hendrik Piho (born 1993), Estonian Nordic combined skier
* Kail Piho (born 1991), Estonian Nordic combined skier
* Piho Rua (born 1954), Cook Islands politician
* Nolay Piho [zh] (林慶台; born 1960), Atayal pastor and actor who cast as Mona Rudao in the Taiwanese film Warriors of the Rainbow: Seediq Bale
# Kolkata Police Friendship Cup

Kolkata Police Friendship Cup is a football tournament organised by the Kolkata Police every year for the local clubs of Kolkata. Over 500 clubs have participated in the tournament.
It started as an initiative of the Chief Minister of West Bengal Buddhadeb Bhattacharya, aimed at improving public-police interface through football sentiments of the city. The slogan is Para football at its best.
# Fireworks (Roxette song)

"Fireworks" is a song by Swedish pop music duo Roxette, released on 5 September 1994 by EMI as the third single from the duo's fifth studio album, Crash! Boom! Bang! (1994). Written by Per Gessle, the song achieved moderate success in various European countries, peaking within the top 20 in Austria and Finland and reaching number 30 on the UK Singles Chart. Its accompanying music video was directed by Michael Geoghegan.

## Release

The song was the only internationally released single by Roxette to be omitted from their career retrospective The Rox Box, which included every other single released by the duo up to 2006, and it has never appeared on any of the duo's compilation albums—excluding the Jesus Jones remix of the song included on Rarities (1996). In an interview with The Daily Roxette in 2009, Per Gessle was asked why the song was ignored on compilations, saying: "I guess it just wasn't big enough. There are so many other [Roxette] tracks that kick its ass. And on The Rox Box, we decided to use demos and other uplifting stuff instead."

## Music video

Irish filmmaker Michael Geoghegan, who also directed videos for their preceding three singles "Almost Unreal", "Sleeping in My Car" and "Crash! Boom! Bang!", directed the music video, which centers around twin sisters who emigrate from the Swedish countryside to London to pursue fame and fortune. In London, the sisters are seen at various locations, including Piccadilly Circus and the London Underground. During the song's bridge, the sisters are sexually assaulted underneath a bridge. They return to Sweden, and, at the end of the video, their younger brother is revealed to be Per Gessle.

## Formats and track listings

All songs were written by Per Gessle.
* 7-inch single and cassette (Australia 8651124 · UK TCEM324)
* "Fireworks" (Single Edit) – 3:40
* "Dangerous" (Unplugged Version) – 3:13
* CD single (Australia · Europe 8651132)
* "Fireworks" – 3:40
* "Fireworks" (Jesus Jones Remix) – 4:11
* "Dangerous" (Unplugged Version) – 3:13
* "The Rain" (Demo, 29 December 1991) – 4:44
* UK CD1 (CDEMS345)
* "Fireworks" – 3:40
* "Dangerous" (Unplugged Version) – 3:13
* "The Rain" (Demo) – 4:44
* "Crash! Boom! Bang!" (Radio Edit) – 4:25
* UK CD2 (CDEM345)
* "Fireworks" – 3:40
* "I'm Sorry" (Demo, 18 August 1993) – 3:20
* "Fireworks" (Jesus Jones Remix) – 4:11
* "Sleeping in My Car" – 3:47

## Charts

| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 68 |
| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 18 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 24 |
| Canada Top Singles (RPM) | 60 |
| Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) | 33 |
| Europe (European AC Radio) | 5 |
| Finland (Suomen virallinen lista) | 14 |
| Germany (Official German Charts) | 51 |
| Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40) | 32 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40 Tipparade) | 7 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 41 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 26 |
| Spanish Airplay (AFYVE) | 2 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 34 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 30 |
# Comox Lake

Comox Lake is a glacier fed freshwater lake located in mid-Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It is located northwest of the smaller Beaufort Lake in the Comox Valley near Cumberland, British Columbia, and about 8km southwest of Courtenay. The lake is a reservoir for drinking water and for hydroelectric power.
Comox lake is well known for its surrounding hiking and bike trails.
# Fiesta (Iz*One song)

"Fiesta" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Iz*One. It was released on February 17, 2020, serving as the title track for their first studio album Bloom*Iz.

## Composition

Billboard described the song as a "festive synth pop song which takes its name to heart with the sliding, synth pop throbber of a track that explodes into a brass led dance breakdown".

## Background and release

On October 29, 2019, Iz*One released a concept trailer titled When IZ your BLOOMing moment?, signaling their return for a new comeback. On November 3, the track listing for their album was revealed, revealing the lead single to be "Fiesta" along with 11 other tracks in the album. On November 7, Off the Record released an official statement in a press release, that they would cancel their showcase, which was set on November 11. It was also announced by MNET that the broadcast would be canceled due to controversy over the Produce 48 rankings being manipulated. On January 23, 2020, another official statement was released by MNET, announcing that Iz*One would be resuming activities in February. On February 3, a teaser photo was released, revealing the official date for their "Fiesta" release. It was set for February 17. On February 12, a vivid teaser was released for their "Fiesta" music video.

## Promotion

Iz*One made their comeback stage premiere on February 17, 2020, on their MNET comeback show that was previously canceled. They performed an opening with "Spaceship" where they performed other tracks from their album. On February 22, Iz*One released an official statement on their fancafe, concerning Eunbi. It announced that member Kwon Eun-bi would be halting from promotional activities after the doctor recommended she rest. The group earned their first win for February 25, on The Show.

## Music video

Directed by Yoon Rima, Jang Dongju (Rigend Film Studio) versus the original being directed by Digipedi, was released on February 17, 2020, with the bold and glamorous manner through the image of "festivals".

## Commercial performance

In South Korea the song peaked at number three, becoming the group's first ever top 10 hit in the country. The song also hit number two on the K-pop Hot 100, becoming their highest-peaking song on the chart. On the US World Digital Song Sales chart, the song peaked at number 13. Despite being a Korean release, the song also entered the Billboard Japan Hot 100, peaking at number 6.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Japan (Japan Hot 100) | 6 |
| South Korea (Circle Digital Chart) | 3 |
| South Korea (Kpop Hot 100) | 2 |
| US World Digital Songs (Billboard) | 13 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| South Korea (Circle Digital Chart) | 52 |

## Accolades
### Music program wins

| Program | Date |
| The Show (SBS MTV) | February 25, 2020 |
| The Show (SBS MTV) | March 3, 2020 |
| Show Champion (MBC Music) | February 26, 2020 |
| M Countdown (Mnet) | February 27, 2020 |
# 2017 Connacht Senior Football Championship

The 2017 Connacht Senior Football Championship was the 118th installment of the annual Connacht Senior Football Championship organised by Connacht GAA. It is one of the four provincial competitions of the 2017 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship. Defending champions from 2016, Galway were dethroned by Roscommon, who won their first Connacht title since 2010.

## Teams

The Connacht championship is contested by the five counties in the Irish province of Connacht plus London and New York.
| Team | Colours | Sponsor | Manager | Captain | Most recent success | Most recent success |
| Team | Colours | Sponsor | Manager | Captain | All-Ireland | Provincial |
| Galway | Maroon and white | Supermac's | Kevin Walsh | Gary O'Donnell | 2001 | 2016 |
| Leitrim | Green and gold | The Bush Hotel | Brendan Guckian | Donal Wrynn | | 1994 |
| London | Green and white | Clayton Hotels | Ciarán Deely | Liam Gavaghan | | |
| Mayo | Green and red | Elverys Sports | Stephen Rochford | Cillian O'Connor | 1951 | 2015 |
| New York | Red, white and blue | Navillus Contracting | Justin O'Halloran | Gerard McCartan | | |
| Roscommon | Primrose and royal blue | Club Rossie | Kevin McStay | Ciaráin Murtagh | 1944 | 2010 |
| Sligo | Black and white | AbbVie Inc. | Niall Carew | Neil Ewing | | 2007 |

## Bracket

| Preliminary round | Preliminary round | Preliminary round | Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final | Final |
| | | | | | | Galway | Galway | 0-15 | | | |
| | | | | | | Mayo | Mayo | 1-11 | | | |
| | | | Mayo | Mayo | 2-14 | | | | | | |
| New York | New York | 1-13 | Sligo | Sligo | 0-11 | | | | | | |
| Sligo | Sligo | 1-21 | | | | | | | Galway | Galway | 0-12 |
| | | | | | | | | | Roscommon | Roscommon | 2-15 |
| | | | | | | Roscommon | Roscommon | 2-23 | | | |
| | | | | | | Leitrim | Leitrim | 1-09 | | | |
| | | | London | London | 0-16 | | | | | | |
| | | | Leitrim | Leitrim | 3-10 | | | | | | |

## Fixtures
### Final

| 9 July 2017 14:00 Final | Galway | 0-12 - 2-15 | Roscommon | Pearse Stadium, Galway Attendance: 18,287 Referee: David Gough (Meath) Man of the Match: Enda Smith |
| 9 July 2017 14:00 Final | Shane Walsh 0-6 (4f), Paul Conroy 0-2 (1f), Damien Comer 0-2, Michael Daly, Gary O’Donnell 0-1 each. | Report | Diarmuid Murtagh 0-5 (3f), Cian Connolly 1-1, Ciaráin Murtagh 0-3 (2f), Brian Stack 1-0, Conor Devaney 0-3, Donie Smith 0-2 (1f), Shane Killoran 0-1. | Pearse Stadium, Galway Attendance: 18,287 Referee: David Gough (Meath) Man of the Match: Enda Smith |
# Kolongo

Kolongo or Kolongo Tomo is a village and rural commune in the Cercle of Macina in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The commune covers an area of approximately 484 square kilometers and includes 37 villages. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 37,648. The village lies on the Fala de Boky-Wéré, an ancient branch of the Niger River that now forms part of the irrigation system of the Office du Niger.
# Pinged railway station

Pinged Halt railway station was opened in 1909 but was renamed Pinged railway station in 1922. It continued to serve the inhabitants of the Pinged area between 1909 and 1953 and was one of several basic halts opened on the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway in Carmarthenshire, Wales.

## History

The station was opened on 2 August 1909 by the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway on the Kidwelly and Burry Port section of the line and was closed by the British Transport Commission in 1953 with the last passenger train running on Saturday 19 September 1953. It was on the southern section of the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway with Craiglon Bridge Halt located to the south and Trimsaran Road to the north. A rural area with a school nearby.
The railway was originally a freight only line, built on the route of an old canal with tight curves and low bridge clearance and prone to flooding, but stations were established due to pressure from the public. The freight service continued for coal traffic until 1996 by which time the last of the local collieries had closed down. A public house,'The Plough', stood nearby.

## Infrastructure

The station had one wooden platform on the eastern side of this single track line with a small wooden shelter. The station had no public sidings. A level crossing stood to the north of the station.
The Kidwelly route was used for coal trains, resulting in the lifting of track between Trimsaran Road and Burry Port by 2005.

## Services

The station was open for use by the general public.

## Remnants

The section south of Pinged, between Burry Port and Craiglon Bridge Halt is now a footpath and cycleway.

## Routes

| Preceding station | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | Following station |
| Craiglon Bridge Halt Line and station closed | | Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway Great Western Railway | | Trimsaran Road Line and station Closed |