OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ken Brewer

Kenneth Wayne Brewer (November 28, 1941 – March 15, 2006) was an American poet and longtime scholar who resided in Utah, where he served as Poet Laureate. Born in Indianapolis, Indiana, he attended Butler University and Western New Mexico University in the 1960s, then earned a master's degree in English literature from New Mexico State University, followed by a Ph.D. from the University of Utah, where he worked with Pulitzer Prize winner Henry Taylor, in 1973. Since that time he taught a wide variety of courses at Utah State University, concentrating on mentoring creative writers at the graduate level, while publishing prolifically and speaking extensively. He died after a nine-month battle with pancreatic cancer.

## Publications

In over three decades at Utah State, Brewer published eight volumes of his poetry as well as more than individual 300 poems, essays and reviews in literary journals. Collections of his poetry may be found in
* The Place In Between, Limberlost Press, 1998
* Lake's Edge, Woodhedge Press, 1997
* Hoping for all, Dreading Nothing, Slanting Rain Press, 1994
* A Fine Art Book of Poems with Woodcuts by Harry Taylor
* To Remember What is Lost, USU Press, 1982 (ISBN 0-87421-114-X), 68pp. Re-issued in paperback, 1989 (ISBN 0-87421-143-3)
* The Collected Poems of Mongrel, Compost Press, 1981
* Round Again: A Cycle of Poems, published under a grant from the Utah Institute of Fine Arts, 1980
* Sum of Accidents, Chapbook Series, Alliance for the Varied Arts, 1977
* Places, Shadows, Dancing People, USU Monograph Series, Vol. XVII, No. 1, 1969, pp. 31–47, with Tom Lyons, Joyce Wood and Robert Wood.

## Reviews

* "His poems are direct, accessible and free of the arcane references or pretentious language that can make poetry feel elitist." — KUTV, Salt Lake City
* "achingly beautiful," composed of "spare and unimposing imagery and dialogue" — Starr Coulbrooke, quoted in Continuum
* "Utah Poet Laureate Ken Brewer is known for his fine poetry and his wicked sense of humor" — Michael Shay
* "luminously gifted ... a man who writes of passion and earth-tending in a chunk of America in which it has begun to seem that the only passion burning for the earth is about profit" — Mary Sojourner, in Mountain Gazette
# Gilbert Goudie

Gilbert Goudie FSAScot (1843–1918) was a Scottish banker, author, antiquary and amateur archaeologist. He was Treasurer of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

## Life

He was born in Clumlie on the Shetland Isles on 23 April 1843 the son of Gilbert Goudie of Braefield (1796-1891) and his wife Jean Black (1802-1878)
He moved to Edinburgh in 1853, living in a flat at 32 Dundas Street with his uncle.
Gilbert went into banking joining the National Bank. In 1873 he was living at 47 Ann Street, a charming Georgian house in the Stockbridge area.
In 1875 he found a Pictish stone on St Ninian's Isle. In 1869 and 1888 he excavated the Levenwick and Clumlie brochs.
In 1910 he was living at 31 Great King Street, a very fine three storey and basement Georgian townhouse in Edinburgh's Second New Town.
He died at Great King Street in Edinburgh on 8 January 1918.

## Family

In September 1881 he married a widow, Anna Ross (née Anderson) born 1849 in Largo, Fife. They were married by Rev John McMurtrie in a private service at 14 Dean Terrace. They had one son, Gilbert John Goudie (1884-1899). Anna died in 1914. In November 1916 (aged 73) he married Anna Margarita Jean Young, around 50 years his junior.

## Selected publications

* The Orkneyinga Saga (1873)
* Notes on the Great Libraries of Scandinavia
* On the Horizontal Water Mills of Shetland (1885)
* The Danish Claims Upon Orkney and Scotland (1887)
* The Diary of Rev John Mill (1889)
* The Celtic and Scandinavian Antiquities of Scotland (1904)

## Artistic Recognition

His portrait in stained glass by William Graham Boss forms one of multiple portraits of committee members of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland on the main stair at the National Portrait gallery, Edinburgh.
# Ronald C. Davidson

Ronald Crosby Davidson (3 July 1941 – 19 May 2016) was a Canadian physicist, professor, and scientific administrator who worked in the United States. He served as the first director of the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center from 1978 to 1988, and as director of the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory from 1991 to 1996. He had been Professor of Astrophysical Sciences at Princeton University since 1991.
Davidson was born in Norwich, Ontario, Canada, and received his bachelor's degree from McMaster University in 1963, and his doctorate in physics from Princeton University in 1966. As a postdoctoral researcher, he was at the University of California, Berkeley from 1966 to 1968. In 1968, he went to work teaching at the University of Maryland where he became a full professor in 1972. In 1978, he moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he taught until 1991.
Davidson was a fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He received the Leadership Award from Fusion Power Associates in 1986 and the 2005 IEEE Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Award. In 2008, Davidson received the James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics for "pioneering contributions to the physics of one-component non-neutral plasmas, intense charge particle beams, and collective nonlinear interaction processes in high-temperature plasmas."
A resident of Cranbury, New Jersey, Davidson died on May 19, 2016, at his home.
# Colas

Colas may refer to:

## People

* Claudius Colas (1884–1914), French Esperantist
* Emily Colas, American author
* Fabrice Colas (born 1964), French track cyclist
* Henry Colas (disambiguation), name of multiple people
* Oscar Colas, Cuban baseball player
* Paul Colas (1880–1972), French sports shooter
# Coleophora meyi

Coleophora meyi is a moth of the family Coleophoridae first described by Giorgio Baldizzone and Hugo van der Wolf in 2004 that is endemic to Namibia.
# Coleman Bridge (disambiguation)

Coleman Bridge may refer to:
* George P. Coleman Memorial Bridge at Yorktown, Virginia
* Coleman Bridge, Singapore
* Coleman Bridge (Windsor, Massachusetts)
# Coleman Classics Volume 1

Coleman Classics Volume 1 is a live album by pianist Paul Bley, saxophonist Ornette Coleman, trumpeter Don Cherry, drummer Billy Higgins and bassist Charlie Haden recorded in California in 1958 and released Bley's on the Improvising Artists label in 1977. The album is an early live recording of Ornette Coleman, made shortly after his first album, Something Else!!!! and featuring the group (without Bley) that would soon record the Atlantic albums The Shape of Jazz to Come (1959) and Change of the Century (1960).

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
Allmusic reviewer Scott Yanow observed: "Coleman already had his very original style pretty much together at this early stage. Paul Bley was wise enough to mostly stay out of the way and he clearly benefited from this encounter with some of the pioneers of free jazz".

## Track listing

All compositions by Ornette Coleman except as indicated
* "When Will The Blues Leave" - 14:06
* "Crossroads" - 2:00
* "Rambling" - 14:28
* "How Deep Is the Ocean" (Irving Berlin) - 4:40

## Personnel

* Paul Bley - piano
* Ornette Coleman - alto saxophone
* Don Cherry - cornet
* Charlie Haden - bass
* Billy Higgins - drums
# Coleophora varensis

Coleophora varensis is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in France and Spain.
The larvae feed on Carex chaetophylla.
# Ronald Kramer

Ronald Kramer may refer to:
* Ron Kramer (Ronald J. Kramer, 1935–2010), American college athlete and professional American football player
* Ronald Kramer (business), American businessman and CEO of Griffon Corporation
# Jerzy Moes

Jerzy Moes (Jerzy Michal Moes; 29 September 1935 – 27 April 2019) was a Polish film and television actor.
Moes was born in Warsaw, the sixth son of ten children of Aleksander Moes and his wife Barbara Sobańska (Junosza coat of arms). He is also the grandson of Aleksander Juliusz Moes (1856–1928), a Polish landowner and industrialist from Silesia, and a nephew of Władysław Moes (1900–1986).

## Selected filmography

* Lotna (1959)
* How I Unleashed World War II (1970)
* Dzieciol (1971)
# Caroline Simard

Caroline Simard is a Canadian politician in Quebec, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2014 Quebec election, defeating Premier Pauline Marois in her own riding. She represents the riding of Charlevoix–Côte-de-Beaupré as a member of the Quebec Liberal Party.

## Political career

Simard's candidacy in the 2014 Quebec election was her first time running for public office. Although she was sometimes accused during the campaign of being the Quebec Liberal Party's paper candidate in Charlevoix–Côte-de-Beaupré, she defeated Marois by 882 votes. Upon taking office, Simard was disappointed to discover that the staff of the former Premier had emptied Marois' constituency offices in the riding of all files, forcing Simard's staff to start from zero recreating files on local issues.

## Personal life

Simard is originally from Baie-Saint-Paul. She obtained her DCS from the Collège François-Xavier-Garneau in Quebec City, and graduated with a B.A. in French language studies (writing and communication) at the Université de Sherbrooke.
Prior to her election to the legislature, Simard worked in marketing research. She started her professional career at Statistics Canada in 1996. After periods working at Tenor Marketing in Sherbrooke, Léger Marketing in Montreal and the Impact-Recherche division of Groupe Cossette Communication in Quebec City, she started her own firm, Doxa Focus, in December 2006.
# Colombo Pride

Colombo Pride is an annual LGBTQ+ pride celebration held in Sri Lanka, chiefly hosted by Equal Ground, along with other queer rights advocacy groups since 2005. Although being mostly unpopular during the 2010s, the post COVID-19 period and subsequent socio-political crises paved the way for a larger, week-long celebration in 2022, with a three-day film festival titled "Abhimani", a music and dance festival, competitions and related events.
It was recorded that in the first event held in 2005, 350 people had attended, and participation has increased ever since, with the movement gaining much recognition, praise and support, and being headlined in both local and international media outlets. The newspaper Ceylon Today describes the event as a "week-long joyous celebration with a variety of events full of color, music and diversity."
# Ronchin

Ronchin (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department, Hauts-de-France, France. It is part of the European Metropolis of Lille.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Ronchin | The arms of Ronchin are blazoned : Or, on an escarbuncle sable a ruby gules. (Abscon, Beuvry-la-Forêt, Erre, Fenain, Marchiennes, Ronchin, Tilloy-lez-Marchiennes and Wandignies-Hamage use the same arms.) |
# Rosa 'Ingrid Bergman'

Rosa 'Ingrid Bergman' is a red hybrid tea rose, bred by the Danish rose growers Pernille and Mogens Olesen and introduced by their company Poulsen Roser in 1984. It is a cross between the red hybrid tea 'Precious Platinum' (Dickson 1974) and an unnamed seedling. It was named in honor of the Swedish actress Ingrid Bergman (1915–1982).

## Description

'Ingrid Bergman' has very large, moderately fragrant flowers with up to 10 centimetres (3.9 in) diameter. Their colour is a warm, velvety, dark red, described as currant to cardinal red. The well-formed flowers have a full, high-centered form and 26 to 40 petals. They appear solitary or in clusters on long stems from June to September, and are long lasting on the plant and as cut flowers, making it well liked by gardeners and florists.
The shrubs are upright, reaching a height of 60 to 100 centimetres (24 to 39 in), and a width of 60 to 65 centimetres (24 to 26 in). The medium-sized dark green foliage is semi-glossy and normally healthy. The cultivar is heat and rain tolerant, very winter hardy down to −30 °C (USDA 4b), and very disease resistant. 'Ingrid Bergman' can also be grown in containers.

## Awards

The cultivar was granted several awards, including the Award of Garden Merit by the Royal Horticultural Society (1993), the Golden Rose of The Hague (1987) and gold medals at rose trials in Belfast (1985), Copenhagen (1986), and Madrid (1986), bearing witness to its good qualities its tolerance of different climates.
Finally, it was selected as "World Favourite Rose" in 2000 by the World Federation of Rose Societies and is listed in their Rose Hall of Fame.
# Rosa Rosen

Rosa Rosen (1916–2004) was an Argentine stage, television and film actress. Born in Buenos Aires of German and Russian descent, she made her stage debut in 1933 and her first film the following year.

## Selected filmography

* Loco lindo (1936)
* Los Pagares de Mendieta (1939)
* Captain Poison (1943)
* When Spring Makes a Mistake (1944)
* The New Bell (1950)
# Colletotrichum coccodes

Colletotrichum coccodes is a plant pathogen, which causes anthracnose on tomato and black dot disease of potato. Fungi survive on crop debris and disease emergence is favored by warm temperatures and wet weather.

## Hosts and symptoms

C. coccodes is known for infecting potato and tomato, and is primarily a pathogen of Solanaceous plants more generally. Heilmann et al., 2006 characterizes genetic varieties and their associations with particular potato hosts. Buddie et al., 1999, finds strawberry is also a host. C. coccodes has a large host range beyond those including some Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, and Solanaceae.
C. coccodes can cause lesions, twisted leaves, and a bleached color on onion.
On tomato, can see that there are sunken in dark spots. As the disease continues to develop can begin to see spots that are rotting. The pathogen can infect both green and ripe fruit; spots are not evident on green right away, but over time they develop. Symptoms are most common on the fruit, but they may also appear on the stem, leaves, and roots.
In potato, C. coccodes is characterized by silvery lesions on the tuber surface which result in a deterioration in skin quality. In addition to causing tuber blemish symptoms, C. coccodes also causes symptoms on stems and foliage, which result in crop losses, and is implicated as a factor in the potato early dying disease complex. In the past the pathogen was not regarded as an issue, but it has become more prevalent.

## Disease cycle

Colletotrichum coccodes can survive the winter as hard, melanized structures called sclerotia. The pathogen may also survive in debris as threadlike strands called hyphae. In late spring the lower leaves and fruit may become infected by germinating sclerotia and spores in the soil debris. Infections of the lower leaves of tomato plants are important sources of spores for secondary infections throughout the growing season. Senescent leaves with early blight infections and leaves with flea beetle injury are especially important spore sources because the fungus can colonize and produce new spores in these wounded areas. The growth of C. coccodes is most rapid at 80 °F (27 °C), although the fungus can cause infections over a wide range of temperatures between 55–95 °F (13–35 °C). Wet weather promotes disease development, and splashing water in the form of rain or irrigation favors the spread of the disease.
The pathogen also produces an acervulus which is full of conidia that help to spread the infection.

## Management

Plant crops on well drained soils, use 3- or 4- year crop rotations with plants which are not hosts, and resistant plants. Sanitation can also be important to reduce the spread of inoculum and clean seed should be planted. Soil fumigants may also be used although they may not be as economic as the other methods of control. Irrigation is to be avoided when fruit begins to ripen to avoid the splashing of spores, it is also recommended to rotate with a nonsolanaceous crop every other year.
# Colin Gale

Colin Maurice Gale (31 August 1932 – 27 October 2008) was a Welsh professional footballer who made over 200 appearances in The Football League between 1950 and 1961.

## Career

A centre half, Gale began his career with Cardiff City in 1950 but was forced to wait until January 1954 before making his debut for the club in a 3–0 win over Manchester City as a right back. Unable to hold down a regular first team spot, Gale made the last of his 13 appearances in all competitions for the club during a 9–1 defeat to Wolverhampton Wanderers in September 1955 before leaving to join Third Division South side Northampton Town in March 1956, as part of a deal involving teammate Roley Williams.
He quickly established himself in the Northampton first team, going on to make over 200 appearances for the club and was part of the side that gained promotion to Division Three in the 1960–61 season. He decided to leave the club at the end of the season in order to secure more job security for his family, moving to Wisbech.

## After retirement

Gale later moved to Australia, before returning to Wales where he ran a hotel. He died on 27 October 2008 at the age of 76.
# Jess Ghannam

Jess Ghannam is a Palestinian-American psychologist and professor who is active in numerous non-governmental organizations and in carrying out humanitarian work, particularly in the Gaza Strip. He is a volunteer clinical professor and the Chief of Medical Psychology at the University of California, San Francisco, and also practices at the UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center.
Ghannam received his A.B. in Psychology from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor in 1979, before going on to earn an M.A. in Psychology, an M.S. in Medical Sciences and a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from the University of California, Berkeley. In addition, he was a post-doctoral fellow in Psychology at Stanford University in California.
Since the early 1990s, Ghannam has worked extensively in the field of medical development in the occupied Palestinian Territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. He is a board member of the Gaza Community Health Clinic, and has established medical clinics in towns and cities across the Gaza Strip, including Gaza City, Khan Younis, Jabalia and Deir el-Balah.
Ghannam is also the former president of the San Francisco chapter of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, and a member of the international executive committee of Al-Awda, the Palestinian Right to Return Coalition. He is also the co-host of "Arab Talk with Jess and Jamal", a San Francisco Bay Area radio talk-show about Middle Eastern Affairs with fellow Palestinian-American commentator Jamal Dajani.
# Jess Foley

Jess Foley may refer to:
* Jess Foley (writer)
* Jess Foley (sportswoman)
# Rose Rosengard Subotnik

Rose Rosengard Subotnik (née Rosengard; born 1942) is a leading American musicologist, generally credited with introducing the writing of Theodor Adorno to English-speaking musicologists in the late 1970s.

## Early life

Subotnik was born in 1942 to Bruna Hazan (1909–2004) and David E. Rosengard (1910–1988) in Boston. David E. Rosengard was a math teacher who would later become the assistant superintendent of the Boston public schools. Subotnik graduated first in her class from Girls' Latin High School (1959) and then first in her class at Wellesley College (BA 1963). Upon graduation, she entered a PhD program in musicology at Columbia University (MA 1965, PhD 1973), under her advisor Edward Lippman. Her dissertation was on Albert Lortzing and the Social Analysis of German Popular Opera. While at Columbia, she also took classes with Paul Henry Lang, Jacques Barzun, and Lionel Trilling.

## Personal life

Rose Subotnik married Dan Subotnik in 1969. Dan Subotnik is a professor of law at Touro Law Center, and has written extensively on tax, race and gender. They have two children.

## Professional life

Subotnik began her teaching career as an assistant professor of musicology at the University of Chicago (1973–80). She received fellowships from the American Council of Learned Societies (1977), the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (1977). Later, she was a visiting associate professor of music at the Graduate Center, CUNY (1986–7), joining the faculty of Brown University (1990); she was appointed full professor of music in 1993. In 2009, she won the American Musicological Society's Slim award which "recognizes an outstanding musicological article published in the previous year by a scholar beyond the early stages of her or his career" and was made an honorary member of the AMS.
Early in her career, Subotnik's academic interests focused on the German philosopher Theodor Adorno (of the Frankfurt school), as she argued that music could not be dissected and fully analyzed out of context, i.e. without understanding its place in society. In recent years, Subotnik’s interests have turned to Tin Pan Alley and American musical theatre as well as critical theory.

## Books

* Developing Variations: Style and Ideology in Western Music (University of Minnesota Press, 1991)
* Deconstructive Variations: Music and Reason in Western Society (University of Minnesota Press, 1995)

## Selected Additional Writings

* "Adorno and the New Musicology," in Adorno: A Critical Reader, ed. Nigel Gibson and Andrew Rubin (Blackwell, 2000)
* “Afterword: Towards the Next Paradigm of Musical Scholarship,” in Beyond Structural Listening: Postmodern Modes of Hearing, ed. Andrew Dell’Antonio (University of California Press, 2004)
* "Shoddy Equipment for Living?: Deconstructing the Tin Pan Alley Song," in Musicological Identities: Essays in Honor of Susan McClary, ed. Raymond Knapp, Steven Baur and Jacqueline Warwick (Ashgate, 2008)
* "How Many Ways Can You Idolize a Song?," in Idol Anxiety, ed. Josh Ellenbogen and Aaron Tugendhaft (Stanford University Press, 2011)
# Ronderosia

Ronderosia is a genus of spur-throated grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. There are about 10 described species in Ronderosia, found in South America.

## Species

These species belong to the genus Ronderosia:
* Ronderosia bergii (Stål, 1878)
* Ronderosia cinctipes (Bruner, 1906)
* Ronderosia dubia (Bruner, 1906)
* Ronderosia forcipata (Rehn, 1918)
* Ronderosia gracilis (Bruner, 1911)
* Ronderosia malloi (Liebermann, 1966)
* Ronderosia ommexechoides Carbonell & Mesa, 2006
* Ronderosia paraguayensis (Bruner, 1906)
* Ronderosia piceomaculata (Carbonell, 1972)
* Ronderosia robusta (Bruner, 1906)
# Ronderosia bergii

Ronderosia bergii is a species of spur-throated grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is found in South America.
# Roningai

Roningai (浪人街 第一話、第二話、第三話, Roningai Daiichiwa Dainiwa Daisanwa), also known as Samurai Town: Story 1, Story 2 and Story 3, are respectively 1928 and 1929 black and white Japanese silent films directed by Masahiro Makino. Serving as parts of a 4-part series, the first and second installments are representative films of Masahiro Makino, the son of Shozo Makino (considered the 'father of Japanese film'). The Story 2 consists of two parts - the "first chapter" (第一篇 (Dai-ippen)) and "the solution" (解決篇 (Kaiketsuhen)).
These films lent status to ensemble casts and did not rely on famous stars. The film was known for its depiction of the unique setting of the ronin town as well as for the exquisite camera work and fast-paced sword fighting scenes.
Most of the film of Story 1 was lost, and Story 3 was completely lost. The shortened version of the film of Story 2 exists.
Makino remade this movie in 1939, 1951, 1957, 1990.
# Carroll Thackston

Carroll Thackston (June 20, 1933 – February 17, 2013) was a United States Army major general and former Adjutant General of Virginia.

## Early life and education

Thackston was born on June 20, 1933, in Concord, Virginia, to Mr. and Mrs. Richard M. Thackston. He attended Virginia Military Institute and graduated in 1955 with a degree in history.

## Dates of promotion

* 2LT USAR 7 Jun 55
* 1LT USAR 6 Jun 58
* 1LT ARNG 22 Apr 63
* CPT ARNG 27 Jan 70
* MAJ ARNG 4 Aug 65
* LTC ARNG 11 Jun 76
* COL ARNG 24 Nov 82
* BG (AGC) ARNG 15 Sep 89
* MG (AGC) ARNG 22 Jun 95