# 2019 Hong Kong Rural Representative election

2019 Hong Kong Rural Representative election was held in January 2019 to elect 1,540 Rural Representatives in the New Territories of Hong Kong. This is the first time pro-democracy camp formed electoral alliance to run in the rural election, despite co-initiator Eddie Chu was disqualified and the alliance failed to gain any seats.

## Electoral system

Breakdown of Number of Rural Areas and Rural Representatives By District :
| District | No. of Existing Village | No. of Resident Representatives | No. of Indigenous Villages & Composite Indigenous Villages | No. of Indigenous Inhabitants Representatives | No. of Market Towns | No. of Kaifong Representatives | Total no. of Rural Representatives |
| Islands | 80 | 80 | 66 | 71 | 2 | 56 | 207 |
| Kwai Tsing | 10 | 10 | 9 | 18 | - | - | 28 |
| North | 117 | 117 | 97 | 132 | - | - | 249 |
| Sai Kung | 91 | 91 | 77 | 89 | - | - | 180 |
| Sha Tin | 48 | 48 | 46 | 55 | - | - | 103 |
| Tai Po | 122 | 122 | 125 | 151 | - | - | 273 |
| Tsuen Wan | 37 | 37 | 38 | 69 | - | - | 106 |
| Tuen Mun | 35 | 35 | 24 | 33 | - | - | 68 |
| Yuen Long | 155 | 155 | 121 | 171 | - | - | 326 |
| Total | 695 | 695 | 603 | 789 | 2 | 56 | 1,540 |
A total of 1,540 seats were open for election. Each Existing Village elects one Resident Representatives, while Indigenous Village & Composite Indigenous Village elects one to five Indigenous Inhabitants Representatives. The Market Towns of Cheung Chau and Peng Chau elect 39 and 17 Kaifong Representatives respectively.
Detailed breakdown as follows:
* 589 Existing Villages (including 574 Indigenous Villages and 15 Composite Indigenous Villages) elect both Indigenous Inhabitants Representatives and Resident Representatives
* 106 Existing Villages elect only Resident Representatives
* 14 Indigenous Villages elect only Indigenous Inhabitants Representatives
* 2 Market Towns elect only Kaifong Representatives

## Pre-election events

The nomination period of the election opened on 9 November and closed on 22 November 2018.
Eddie Chu, member of the Legislative Council, and Paul Zimmerman, Southern District Councillor, initiated the Village Charter movement on 7 November 2018 under the slogan "Let's make our village clean and green", calling for the reform of rural representation system and the democratization of Rural Committees, which elected Rural Representatives will serve in. This marked the first time pro-democracy camp coordinated in the rural election.

### Disqualification

Eddie Chu became the first candidate barred from running in the rural election because of their political stance. He was disqualified from running in the election after electoral officials questioned his stance on Hong Kong independence and self-determination and invalidated his nomination for “implicitly” maintaining support for self-determination. Chu branded the decision "ridiculous" for "disqualifying an incumbent legislator from running for the post of a village chief". The village election process was temporarily put on hold as government considered Chu's candidacy.
Chu later filed an election petition to the High Court over the disqualification, but withdrew in January 2020 after taking into account the outcome of the election petition by Agnes Chow, which ruled Returning Officer can disqualify candidates.

## Voting

The election took place on three consecutive Sundays in January 2019.
Only 436 seats were open for contest with a total of 836 candidates, as 105 villages received no valid nomination and hence no elections were held, while nearly a thousand candidates were uncontested, including the Market Town of Peng Chau.
| Date | District | Rural Committee |
| 6 January 2019 | Islands | Lamma Island (North); Lamma Island (South); Mui Wo; South Lantao |
| 6 January 2019 | North | Sha Tau Kok District, Ta Kwu Ling District |
| 6 January 2019 | Sai Kung | Hang Hau |
| 6 January 2019 | Sha Tin | Sha Tin |
| 6 January 2019 | Tai Po District | Tai Po |
| 6 January 2019 | Yuen Long | Kam Tin, Ping Shan, San Tin |
| 13 January 2019 | Islands | Tai O, Tung Chung |
| 13 January 2019 | Kwai Tsing/Tsuen Wan | Tsuen Wan, Ma Wan |
| 13 January 2019 | North | Fanling District, Sheung Shui District |
| 13 January 2019 | Sai Kung | Sai Kung |
| 13 January 2019 | Tai Po | Sai Kung North |
| 13 January 2019 | Tuen Mun | Tuen Mun |
| 13 January 2019 | Yuen Long | Ha Tseun, Pat Heung, Shap Pat Heung |
| 20 January 2019 | Islands | Cheung Chau |

## Result

Turnout of the election is as follows:
| Election | Registered | Turnout | Turnout |
| Resident Representative | 33,497 | 21,239 | 63.67% |
| Indigenous Inhabitant Representative | 51,955 | 31,282 | 60.21% |
| Kaifong Representative | 7,104 | 3,553 | 50.01% |
| Total | 92,556 | 56,074 | 60.58% |

### Pro-democracy camp

For candidates of the pro-democracy Village Charter, none successfully won a seat. William Ho did not gather enough nominations and was not enlisted as a candidate. In Pan Long Wan, Paul Zimmerman was defeated overwhelmingly by 12–110 after admitting no hope to win the election, similar for Carol Ho of Pak Kong by 23–110. Herve Bouvresses, running for re-election, and David Newbery lost by 10–16 and 10–14 respectively.
Signatories of Village Charter :
| Name | Political affiliation | Constituency | Rural Committee | Result |
| Eddie Chu | Team Chu | Yuen Kong San Tseun (Resident) | Pat Heung | Disqualified |
| Paul Zimmerman | Nonpartisan | Pan Long Wan (Resident) | Hang Hau | Lost |
| Carol Ho Kit-yee | Nonpartisan | Pak Kong (Resident) | Sai Kung | Lost |
| William Ho Wai-lim | Demosisto | Sheung Shui Heung (Indigenous Inhabitant) | Sheung Shui | Not nominated |
| David Newbery | Nonpartisan | Hoi Ha (Resident) | Sai Kung North | Lost |
| Herve Bouvresse | Nonpartisan | Long Keng (Resident) | Sai Kung | Lost |
Stanley Ho Wai-hong from the Labour Party, who advocated ending indigenous rights of housing, was defeated by conservative in Ko Tong of Sai Kung. Sum Shui-ying of Democratic Party was declared elected as the sole candidate of Wa Mei Shan in Fanling, who promised to bring voices of democracy into the Rural Committee.
Half a year after the election defeat amidst the pro-democracy protest movement, Carol Ho received threats accusing her of supporting Hong Kong independence and hampering the peace of the village.

### Cheung Chau

With 65 candidates vying for 39 seats, Cheung Chau is one of the closely watched races. Voter shall cast ballot for 39 candidates under block voting system.
Reformist Cheung Chau Synergy, led by pro-business Cheung Chau South District Councillor Kwong Koon-wan, and conservative Cheung Chau Community Alliance, by pro-Beijing Cheung Chau North District Councillor Lee Kwai-chun, fielded 33 and 32 candidates respectively. As the two Cheung Chau constituencies in the District Council would merge into one in 2019 local election, the poll became increasingly competitive.
Community Alliance eventually took up 25 seats, while Synergy only won 14 but made a net gain of 8 seats compared to the last election. Perceived to be risky after losing support, the conservatives retained their majority and the control of Cheung Chau Rural Committee.
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Cheung Chau Community Alliance | | | 25 | 6 |
| | Cheung Chau Synergy | | | 14 | 8 |
| Total | Total | | | 39 | – |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,465 | 97.52 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 88 | 2.48 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 3,553 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 7,104 | 50.01 | | |

### Ping Yeung

In September 2018, Chan Kam-wah of Ping Yeung in Ta Kwu Ling declared breaking off parental relationship with his son, North District Councillor Frank Chan Shung-fai. Senior Chan slammed "unfilial" Frank Chan in the statement on newspaper, while Frank Chan said it was an attempt by his father to pressurize his ex-wife to turn over her possessions over a financial dispute with the new wife.
The election for Ping Yeung Indigenous Inhabitants Representatives saw eight candidates running for four seats. The four on Frank Chan's team were defeated, while Chan Kam-wah was re-elected with the highest number of votes amongst all. Despite so, Frank Chan's sister Chan Yuet-ming was elected as Resident Representative by one vote. Chan Kam-wah eventually abandoned his re-election bid as chairman of Ta Kwu Leng Rural Committee, and gave way to his daughter Chan Yuet-ming to become the first Rural Committee chairwoman in Hong Kong's history.

## Rural Committee chairman

Chairman of all 27 Rural Committees were elected by April 2019, who would serve as ex-officio members of respective District Councils and as members of the Heung Yee Kuk.
| District | Rural Committee | Chairman | Remarks |
| Islands | Cheung Chau | Yung Chi-ming | Re-elected |
| Islands | Lamma Island (North) | Chan Lin-wai | Re-elected |
| Islands | Lamma Island (South) | Chow Yuk-tong | Re-elected |
| Islands | Mui Wo | Wong Man-hon | Re-elected |
| Islands | Peng Chau | Ken Wong Hon-kuen | Re-elected |
| Islands | South Lantao | Ho Chun-fai | |
| Islands | Tai O | Ho Siu-kei | |
| Islands | Tung Chung | Wong Chau-ping | First chairwoman |
| North | Fanling District | Li Kwok-fung | Re-elected |
| North | Sha Tau Kok District | Lee Koon-hung | Re-elected |
| North | Sheung Shui District | Hau Chi-keung | Re-elected |
| North | Ta Kwu Ling District | Chan Yuet-ming | First chairwoman |
| Sai Kung | Hang Hau | Lau Kai-hong | |
| Sai Kung | Sai Kung | Wong Shui-sang | Re-elected |
| Sha Tin | Sha Tin | Mok Kam-kwai | Re-elected |
| Tai Po | Sai Kung North | Li Yiu-ban | Re-elected |
| Tai Po | Tai Po | Lam Yick-kuen | |
| Kwai Tsing/ Tsuen Wan | Tsing Yi | Chan Chi-wong | |
| Kwai Tsing/ Tsuen Wan | Ma Wan | Chan Sung-ip | Re-elected |
| Kwai Tsing/ Tsuen Wan | Tsuen Wan | Yau Kam-ping | |
| Tuen Mun | Tuen Mun | Kenneth Lau Ip-keung | Re-elected |
| Yuen Long | Ha Tsuen | Tang Lai-tung | Re-elected |
| Yuen Long | Kam Tin | Tang Ho-nin | Re-elected |
| Yuen Long | Pat Heung | Tang Sui-man | Re-elected |
| Yuen Long | Ping Shan | Tang Che-keung | Re-elected |
| Yuen Long | San Tin | Jimmy Man Mei-kwai | Died in office |
| Yuen Long | Shap Pat Heung | Ching Chan-ming | |