OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Deb (surname)

Deb (Bengali: দেব) is a Bengali surname, commonly used by the Bengali Hindus of West Bengal, Tripura, Assam and Bangladesh. The surname is mostly found among the Bengali Kayastha and Baidya communities of India and Bangladesh.

## History

In 12th–13th century, a Bengali Hindu dynasty Deva ruled over eastern Bengal after the Sena dynasty. The capital of this dynasty was Bikrampur in present-day Munshiganj district of Bangladesh. This Hindu Vaishnava dynasty is different from an earlier Buddhist Deva dynasty (c. 8th–9th century) of Samatata, whose capital was Devaparvata in Present-day Comilla district of Bangladesh. Four rulers of this dynasty are known from the inscriptions: Shantideva, Viradeva, Anandadeva and Bhavadeva.

## Geographical distribution

As of 2014, 56.8% of all known bearers of the surname Deb were residents of India and 40.3% were residents of Bangladesh. In India, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average in the following states:
* 1. Tripura (1: 46)
* 2. Meghalaya (1: 700)
* 3. Assam (1: 961)
* 4. Arunachal Pradesh (1: 1,026)
* 5. Nagaland (1: 1,497)
* 6. West Bengal (1: 2,528)

## Notable people

* Amiya Deb (1917–1983), Indian sportsman
* Ashutosh Deb (1803–1856), Indian musician and writer
* Debbie Deb (born 1966), American singer
* Gautam Deb (born 1954), Indian politician
* Goutam Deb (born 1959), Indian politician
* Joy Deb (born 1979), Swedish songwriter
* Kalyanmoy Deb (born 1964), Indian computer scientist
* Prachi Dhabal Deb (born 1986), Indian artist
* Radhakanta Deb (1784–1867), Indian scholar
* Raja Narayan Deb, Indian composer
* Samar Deb (born 1963), Indian writer
* Siddhartha Deb (born 1970), Indian author
* Tathoi Deb (born 1996), Indian actress
* Trisha Deb (born 1991), Indian archer
* Dasarath Deb (born 1916), former Chief Minister of Tripura
* Manoj Kanti Deb (born 1972), Minister in Biplab Kumar Deb ministry
* Biplab Kumar Deb (born 1971), Tripura CM first (BJP chief minister of Tripura)
# Kitakami River

The Kitakami River (北上川, Kitakami-gawa) is the fourth largest river in Japan and the largest in the Tōhoku region. It is 249 kilometres (155 mi) long and drains an area of 10,150 square kilometres (3,920 sq mi). It flows through mostly rural areas of Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures. The source of the river is the Mount Nanashigure in northern Iwate, from which it flows to the south between the Kitakami Mountains and the Ōu Mountains. The river is unusual in that it has two mouths, one - called Kyukitakami River - flowing south into Ishinomaki Bay and the other flowing east into the Pacific Ocean, both in Ishinomaki City.
The Kitakami river was an important transportation route during the Edo period and before the building of railways in the early Meiji period. Numerous dams have been constructed on the river and its tributaries from the Taishō and Shōwa periods for hydroelectric power generation, flood control and irrigation. However, another unusual feature is that there are no dams from its mouth to the Shijūshida Dam north of Morioka. This allows for a spectacular salmon run every fall.

## Tributaries

In Iwate Prefecture from north to south showing from which direction the water flows and the city where it empties into the Kitakami River.
* Tanto-gawa - from the east (Iwate)
* Matsu-gawa - from the west (Hachimantai)
* Nakatsu River - from the east (Morioka)
* Shizukuishi River - from the west (Morioka)
* Iwasaki-gawa - from the west (Shiwa)
* Takina-gawa - from the west (Shiwa)
* Kuzumaru-gawa - from the west (Hanamaki)
* Hienuki-gawa - from the east (Hanamaki)
* Sarugaishi River - from the east (Hanamaki)
* Se-gawa - from the west (Hanamaki)
* Toyosawa-gawa - from the west (Hanamaki)
* Waga River - from the west (Kitakami)
* Isawa River - from the west (Ōshū)
* Hirose-gawa - from the east (Ōshū)
* Hitokabe-gawa - from the east (Ōshū)
* Koromo-gawa - from the west (Hiraizumi)
* Iwai-gawa - from the west (Ichinoseki)
* Kitetsu-gawa - from the north (Ichinoseki)
* Senmaya-gawa - from the east (Ichinoseki)
* Kinomi-gawa - from the east (Fujisawa)
* Kinryu-gawa - from the west (Ichinoseki)
# Diary of a Female Lead: Shujinkou Nikki

Diary of a Female Lead: Shujinkou Nikki (主人恋日記, Shujinkō Nikki) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yuu Yoshinaga. It began serialization in Shogakukan's shojo manga magazine Betsucomi in August 2021.

## Characters
### Aoi Tsujimura (辻村葵, Tsujimura Aoi)

    Voiced by: Saori Hayami (vomic)

### Sena Mizusawa (水沢世那, Mizusawa Sena)

    Voiced by: Yoshimasa Hosoya (vomic)

## Media
### Manga

Written and illustrated by Yuu Yoshinaga, Diary of a Female Lead: Shujinkou Nikki began serialization in Shogakukan's shōjo manga magazine Betsucomi on August 12, 2021. Its chapters have been collected into nine tankōbon volumes as of September 2024. The series is licensed in English by Seven Seas Entertainment.
| No. | Original release date | Original ISBN | English release date | English ISBN |
| 1 | December 24, 2021 | 978-4-09-871480-3 | October 22, 2024 | 979-8-89160-226-7 |
| 2 | April 26, 2022 | 978-4-09-871660-9 | January 21, 2025 | 979-8-89160-227-4 |
| 3 | August 26, 2022 | 978-4-09-871703-3 | May 13, 2025 | 979-8-89160-550-3 |
| 4 | March 24, 2023 | 978-4-09-871785-9 | — | — |
| 5 | May 25, 2023 | 978-4-09-872096-5 | — | — |
| 6 | September 26, 2023 | 978-4-09-872236-5 | — | — |
| 7 | January 26, 2024 | 978-4-09-872476-5 | — | — |
| 8 | May 24, 2024 | 978-4-09-872579-3 | — | — |
| 9 | September 26, 2024 | 978-4-09-872667-7 | — | — |
| 10 | February 26, 2025 | 978-4-09-872889-3 | — | — |

### Other

A voice comic adaptation was published in the July 2023 issue of Betsucomi on June 13, 2023. The voice comic is also available on the Flower Comics YouTube channel. The voice comic consisted of performances by Saori Hayami and Yoshimasa Hosoya.

## Reception

The series had over 2.5 million copies in circulation by September 2024.
The series was nominated for the 69th Shogakukan Manga Awards in 2023.
# Sebastian Ramhorn

Sebastian Ramhorn (born 3 May 1996) is a Swedish footballer who plays as a defender.

## Career

Ramhorn grew up in Malmö where he started out playing for Oxie IF before moving to Real Malmö in his early teens. In the summer of 2012 Sebastian and his twin brother Johan Ramhorn went to trial with Allsvenskan club Kalmar FF and both ended up being signed.

## International career

In September 2013 Ramhorn was selected to the Sweden men's national under-17 football team that would compete in the 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup.

## Honours

Sweden U17
* FIFA U-17 World Cup Third place: 2013
# Andrew D'Souza

Andrew William D'Souza (born 1 July 1994) is a Canadian male badminton player from Ottawa, Ontario. He has been a top ranked men's individual on the continent and a contender in major international competitions such as the 2012 BWF World Junior Championships, the 2014 Commonwealth Games and 2015 Pan American Games. He has won the men's singles title at the Canadian National Badminton Championships in 2015. In 2011, he trained at the Gopichand Badminton Academy in India.

## Achievements
### Pan American Games

Men's Singles
| Year | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2015 | Atos Markham Pan Am Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada | Kevin Cordón | 13–21, 14–21 | Silver |

### BWF International Challenge/Series

Men's Doubles
| Year | Tournament | Partner | Opponent | Score | Result |
| 2013 | USA International | Sergiy Shatenko | Christian Yahya Christianto Hock Lai Lee | 9–21, 14–21 | Runner-up |
    BWF International Challenge tournament
    BWF International Series tournament
# Lindka Cierach

Lindka Rosalind Wanda Cierach is a British couturier and fashion designer. Notable clients include members of British and European royal families, Helen Mirren, Lady Victoria Hervey and Cherie Blair among others.

## Early life

Cierach was born in the British Crown colony of Basutoland (now Lesotho) on 8 June 1952 to Polish-British parents. She spent her early years in Africa. Cierach worked at Vogue for a brief period of time before being educated at the London College of Fashion. She was then apprenticed to Japanese designer Yuki.

## Career

Cierach founded her own couture business, Lindka Cierach Couture in 1979. Her first commission was a wedding dress for a Bahraini princess, which enabled her to establish a client base in the Middle East. Cierach entered the global spotlight in 1986, when she designed the wedding dress for Sarah Ferguson's marriage to The Duke of York. Cierach is quoted to have described the designing of the dress thus: "I wanted the Duchess of York's sense of fun and joy to come out in the dress. One day I woke up in the middle of the night and had dreamed it, and that was it". The Daily Telegraph reported: "Everyone, it seemed, could find nothing but praise for her wedding dress for the Duchess of York" .
Cierach continues to dress members of the royal family, including The Princess Royal and The Duchess of Cambridge.
Cierach also appeared in the ITV Series Ladette to Lady in 2006.
# Eophyseter

Eophyseter is a genus of extinct physeterid sperm whale from the Pliocene epoch of Italy. It contains one known species: Eophyseter damarcoi, the remains of which were found in the Sabbie d'Asti Formation in the municipality of Vigliano d'Asti. The holotype specimen, MGPT-PU 13864, is relatively complete, consisting of a partial skeleton including most of the vertebral column, a partial left flipper and sternum, fifteen ribs and one chevron. The generic name derives from the Ancient Greek words for dawn (ήώς) and blower (φυσώ). The specific name honors Piero Damarco, who facilitated the preparation of the holotype specimen.
Phylogenetic analysis by Michelangelo Bisconti and colleagues recovers Eophyseter within the family Physeteridae, placing it as sister to Idiophyseter and as a close relative to Aulophyseter and the modern sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus).
# Cure for Pain

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| NME | 8/10 |
| Q | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Cure for Pain is the second studio album by alternative rock band Morphine, released through Rykodisc in September 1993. Jerome Deupree, the band's original drummer, quit due to health problems during the recording of the album and was replaced by Billy Conway.
The tracks "Sheila" and "In Spite of Me" were prominently featured on the soundtrack of the 1994 independent film Spanking the Monkey. The track "Buena" also appears in the first season of The Sopranos, in the Daria episode "The Teachings of Don Jake," and the barroom scene in the 1997 film Ulee's Gold.
As of 1995, it has sold 107,000 copies in United States and over 300,000 copies worldwide. As of 2017, combined sales of Cure for Pain and 1995's Yes are 661,000 sold copies in United States.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Mark Sandman, except as noted

### 2021 vinyl expanded edition

In December 2021, the Run Out Groove label released a vinyl-only edition of Cure for Pain, which included a bonus record of unreleased and new-to-vinyl-rarities, all remastered from the original source tapes.
* side one (1-7) and two (8-13) as per original album

## Personnel

Morphine
* Mark Sandman – vocals, 2-string slide bass, tritar, guitar, organ
* Dana Colley – baritone saxophone, tenor saxophone, backing vocals (8, 10)
* Jerome Deupree – drums
* Billy Conway – drums (9, 11), cocktail drum overdub (8)
Additional musicians
* Jimmy Ryan – mandolin (7)
* Ken Winokur – percussion (13)
Technical
* Paul Q. Kolderie – producer (2–6, 8–10, 12), engineer (2–6, 8–10, 12), mixing (2–6, 8–10, 12)
* Mark Sandman – producer (1, 7, 11, 13), engineer (1, 7, 11, 13), mixing (1, 7, 11, 13), photography (color pictures)
* Steve Folsom – engineer (11)
* Toby Mountain – mastering
* Robin Spencer – design
* Cindy Bortman – photography (black and white pictures)
* Dennis Stein – photography (bass picture)
* Recorded and mixed at Fort Apache, Cambridge, MA., except tracks 1, 7, 11 and 13 recorded and mixed at Hi-N-Dry, Cambridge, MA., and tracks 4 and 9 mixed at Q Division, Somerville, MA.
Bonus tracks
* Larry Dersch – drums on "Mile High"
* Russ Gershon – tenor saxophone on "Mile High" and "Bo's Veranda"
* Tom Halter – trumpet on "Mile High"
* Mike Rivard – bass on "Bo's Veranda"
* Sabine Hrechdakian – vocals on "Down Love's Tributaries"
* Rick Barry – percussion on "My Brain"

## Charts

Chart performance for Cure for Pain :
| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 65 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 67 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 25 |
2013 chart performance for Cure for Pain :
| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 103 |
2024 chart performance for Cure for Pain :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| Hungarian Physical Albums (MAHASZ) | 37 |
# Rune Gjeldnes

Rune Gjeldnes (born 20 May 1971 in Surnadal Municipality) is a Norwegian adventurer. He completed his military education in 1992, when he met fellow adventurer-to-be Torry Larsen, also of Møre og Romsdal. Gjeldnes served in the Norwegian Naval Special Operations Command until 1997.

## Expeditions

Together with Torry Larsen, Rune Gjeldnes travelled across Greenland in 1996. In 1997, he planned and completed the "Arctic Ocean 2000" expedition—a 109-day, 2,100-kilometer trip—becoming the first to cross the Arctic Ocean without resupplies. In 1998, Gjeldnes and Bjørn Loe became the first to paddle the Rio Merevari in Venezuela. Gjeldnes participated in North Pole expeditions in 1997 and 1998, crossed Baffin Island in northern Canada in 1998, and later the same year climbed Mt Aconcagua (6,959 m (22,831 ft)). From 1999 to 2000, he again worked for the Royal Norwegian Navy (RNoN).

### The Longest March

In February 2006, Rune Gjeldnes completed "The Longest March", a three-month 4,800-kilometre (3,000 mi) solo ski trek across the South Pole region, becoming the first person to cross that area alone without being resupplied. His route went from Queen Maud Land, over the Pole, and on to Terra Nova Bay. The final couple of weeks of the journey had to be made on foot, as Gjeldnes had lost one of his mountain skis off his sled, this before having to descend a glacier of 2,000 m (6,600 ft) ASL in order to reach his destination. The distance is the equivalent of the distance between New York City and San Francisco by road across the United States. The expedition had a scientific element as Gjeldnes took regular blood samples of himself to be used in studies of the human immune system under extreme conditions.
He now holds the records of the longest ski journey without being resupplied and the longest ski journey generally. He is the only person to ski across the North Pole, the South Pole and Greenland without resupply.
# Jim Culhane Jr.

James Patrick Culhane, Jr. (born August 13, 1942) is an American gymnast. He was a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and competed in eight events at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Alice Burke (politician)

Alice Driscoll Burke (June 19, 1892 – May 14, 1974) was an American politician who was the mayor of Westfield, Massachusetts, from 1940 to 1943, 1954 to 1955, and 1958 to 1959. She was the first woman mayor in Massachusetts and New England.

## Early life

Burke was born in Whitinsville, Massachusetts. She graduated from Northbridge High School and Fitchburg Normal School. She was a teacher in Hampden County, Massachusetts, for 20 years before entering politics.

## Political career

In 1933, the Westfield School Committee adopted a policy of employing only unmarried female teachers and fired Burke from her job as a sixth-grade teacher. That fall, she was elected to the Westfield School Committee by four votes. In 1935, she was a finalist for mayor of Westfield, but was ruled ineligible because of an ordinance preventing individuals who were receiving a salary from the city from running for mayor (Burke was paid as a member of the school committee). She was eligible to run in 1937, but lost to incumbent Raymond H. Cowing by 561 votes. In 1939, she defeated Cowing 3637 votes to 3510. She was reelected in 1941, but lost to city councilor Arthur B. Long in 1943. In 1944, she was an unsuccessful candidate for the Massachusetts Senate in the Hampden, Hampshire, and Berkshire district, losing to Republican Ralph Lerche. She was a finalist for mayor in 1949 and 1951, but lost in the runoff election both times. Her 1953 campaign was a success, but she went on to lose reelection in 1955 to Leonard Warner. In 1957, she defeated Warner in a rematch. Her third term ended as quickly as her second, though, as she lost to John D. O'Connor. Her next attempts to regain the mayoralty failed as she lost to O'Connor in 1961 and Harold Martin in 1963 and 1965.
Over her career, Burke became an increasingly controversial figure in Westfield politics. She served four mayoral terms between 1940 and 1963, but lost nine other elections. This represents a checkered political career with frequent defeats. Although she is often honored as a “ female first,” she was a dedicated yet decidedly flawed public servant who left a mixed legacy. Her pugnacious and confrontational style, along with her inability to change with the city over the many decades of her career, alienated her from voters and contributed to her many defeats. Over time, her mayoral campaigns came to be characterized by increasingly sharp attacks on her opponents. Voters may have found such stridency less than acceptable in a female candidate.
From 1968 to 1973, Burke was an at-large member of the Westfield city council.
Burke died on May 14, 1974, in Springfield, Massachusetts. She was 81 years old.
# Ministry for Police and Emergency Services (New South Wales)

The New South Wales Ministry for Police and Emergency Services, a former department of the Government of New South Wales between April 2011 and July 2015, had responsibility for the development and coordination of law enforcement and emergency management policy and advice to the Ministers for Police and for Emergency Services. Up until its abolition, the Ministry was also responsible for the coordination of recovery functions including disaster welfare services.
At the time of its abolition, the Minister for Police and Minister for Emergency Services was the Hon. Troy Grant MP.
The role of the Ministry also encompassed operational and planning issues which affect the economic, environmental and social well-being of the State, by providing the framework to prepare for and recover from disasters caused by natural means or a terrorist incident. It had a leading role in ensuring the delivery of appropriate policies and plans by other portfolio agencies to the people of NSW. The Ministry's role was wide-ranging, spanning policy development, ministerial support, operational coordination, crisis management, grants administration, delivery of training and control of several websites and public communications platforms.
The functions of the Ministry, along with broader responsibilities, were transferred to the Department of Justice on 1 July 2015.

## Structure

The following agencies were subsidiaries within the Ministry:
* Police:
** New South Wales Crime Commission
** New South Wales Police Force
** New South Wales Police Integrity Commission
* Emergency Services:
** New South Wales State Emergency Service
** State Emergency Management Committee
** State Rescue Board
# Euskelosaurus

Euskelosaurus ("good leg lizard") is a sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Late Triassic of South Africa and Lesotho. Fossils have only been recovered from the lower Elliot Formation in South Africa and Lesotho, and in one locality in Zimbabwe.

## History of discovery

In 1863, Alfred Brown recovered fossil material consisting of limb bones and vertebrae, in the lower Elliot Formation in the southeastern Free State. In 1866, Thomas Henry Huxley first described Euskelosaurus from Brown's fossil material, and named the holotype specimen Euskelosaurus browni after Brown. Harry Seeley later described Euskelosaurus in 1894, as did Friedrich von Huene in 1902. Since then, other researchers, including Robert Broom, have mentioned Euskelosaurus in their papers, although later papers refer to the material under the name Plateosauravus.

## Description

Euskelosaurus is considered to have been a large, robust member of the sauropodomorph clade. Estimates from the existing fossil material measure this dinosaur at about 12.2 m (40 ft) in length and 7 t (7.7 short tons) in weight. With such parameters it was the largest of the non-sauropod ("prosauropod") sauropodomorphs until the discovery of Lishulong, with 13 m (43 ft) in length. Its bones are robust and it had a graviportal limb arrangement, a key character trait of basal sauropodomorphs.

## Classification

While paleontologists generally consider Euskelosaurus a basal plateosaurid sauropodomorph, it has recently been considered a nomen dubium and a “waste-basket” taxon with poorly understood phylogenetic relationships, warranting further study.
# Argument to moderation

Argument to moderation (Latin: argumentum ad temperantiam)—also known as the false compromise, argument from middle ground, fallacy of gray, middle ground fallacy, or golden mean fallacy—is the fallacy that the truth is always in the middle of two opposites.
It does not necessarily suggest that an argument for the middle solution or for a compromise is always fallacious, but rather applies primarily in cases where such a position is ill-informed, unfeasible, or impossible, or where an argument is incorrectly made that a position is correct simply because it is in the middle.
An example of an argument to moderation would be considering two statements about the colour of the sky on Earth during the day – one claiming, correctly, that the sky is blue, and another claiming that it is yellow – and incorrectly concluding that the sky is the intermediate colour, green.
# Kanwar Sanctuary

The Kanwar Sanctuary is located in Parbati valley of Kullu district. R.O. wildlife Kasol provides information and help to visitors. Uphill walk along Garahan Nala from Kasol through dense Deodar and Fir forests is worth. The sanctuary has large population of Himalayan Tahr.

## Access

* Airport:- Bhuntar (10-km from Kullu)
* Railway:- The closest Railhead is at Jogindernagar (95 km from Kullu)
* Road:- The sanctuary is well connected by road.
* Delhi via Mandi:- 530 km
* Shimla:- 240 km

## Fauna

* Mammals:- Blue sheep (Bharal), Musk deer, Serow, Goral, Himalayan tahr, Snow leopard, Himalayan black bear, Himalayan brown bear, Himalayan red fox, Jackals, and Civets.
* Birds -Black Kite, Ring-necked Parakeet, Common Hoopoe, Yellow-billed Blue Magpie, Verditer Flycatcher, Long-tailed Minivet, and various Thrushes, Tits, and Warblers.