OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# María Josefa Huarte Beaumont

María Josefa Huarte Beaumont or mecenas; benefactora; Maria Josefa Huarte Beaumont (25 May 1927 – 8 February 2015) was a Spanish art collector and philanthropist. She is known for donating her modern art collection (and a building to put it in) to the University of Navarra.

## Life

Beaumont was born in Pamplona. Her father was Felix Huarte who was a successful builder. Her mother was Adriana Beaumont Galduroz. She was the third of four children. Beaumont spent time travelling with her husband and she would see and buy modern art that appealed to her.
She decided to leave her collection to the University of Navarra in 2008 and she commissioned the architect Rafael Moneo to build a home for it. The collection of 48 pieces of art was by nineteen artists. The focus of the collection is on geometric contemporary abstract art by Spanish artists but there are exceptions to this. Moneo commented on how Beaumont did not interfere with his design but was very supportive of his proposals. Moneo chose an abstract design for the new building to mirror the collection. The building is part of the university but it is intended to be a cultural hub as well for Pamplona.

## Death and legacy

Beaumont died in her home city, Pamplona, in 2015. In January 2015, the Museum of the University of Navarra was inaugurated by King Felipe VI and houses her donated collection.. This great collections of contemporary art included works by Pablo Picasso, Mark Rothko and Wassily Kandinsky. Her donated collection included not only paintings but also thousands of photographs by leading photographers going back to the nineteenth century.

## Private life

She was married to Javier Vidal, they had no children.
# GRE Chemistry Test

The GRE subject test in chemistry is a standardized test in the United States created by the Educational Testing Service, and is designed to assess a candidate's potential for graduate or post-graduate study in the field of chemistry. It contains questions from many fields of chemistry. 15% of the questions will come from analytical chemistry, 25% will come from inorganic chemistry, 30% will come from organic chemistry and 30% will come from physical chemistry.
This exam, like all the GRE subject tests, is paper-based, as opposed to the GRE general test which is usually computer-based. It contains 130 questions, which are to be answered within 2 hours and 50 minutes. Scores on this exam are sometimes required for entrance to chemistry Ph.D. programs in the United States.
Scores are scaled and then reported as a number between 200 and 990; however, in recent versions of the test, the maximum and minimum reported scores have been 940 (corresponding to the 99 percentile) and 460 (1 percentile) respectively. The mean score for all test takers from July, 2009, to July, 2012, was 703 with a standard deviation of 115.
Tests generally take place three times per year, on one Saturday in each of September, October, and April. Students must register for the exam approximately five weeks before the administration.
The test was discontinued following the April 2023 administration.
# Nichizō

Nichizō (日像, 1269–1342) was one of Nichirō's nine senior disciples (not to be confused with the six senior disciples of Nichiren). He was responsible for giving Nichiren Buddhism official imperial recognition in 1321. He was exiled twice while attempting to achieve this goal.
# Yuan Xi

Yuan Xi (died c.December 207), courtesy name Xianyi or Xianyong, was a Chinese military general and politician. He was the second son of Yuan Shao, a warlord who controlled much of northern China during the late Eastern Han dynasty. He was executed along with his brother Yuan Shang by Gongsun Kang.
Yuan Xi's wife, Lady Zhen, was taken as a wife by Cao Cao's son, Cao Pi, while Yuan Xi still lived.

## Descendants

Yuan Shuji, a Tang dynasty chancellor, was a descendant of Yuan Xi.

## In Romance of the Three Kingdoms

Yuan Xi was described in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms as "intelligent but weak and indecisive", in contrast to his older brother Yuan Tan, who was described as "brave but impulsive and violent". After the combined forces of Yuan Xi and his younger brother Yuan Shang was defeated in battle against Cao Cao in the follow-up battles after the Battle of Guandu, he fled to Liaodong with Yuan Shang and stayed with administrator Gongsun Kang, hoping to one day take over Gongsun's forces and have their revenge on Cao Cao. However, they were themselves betrayed and were killed in an ambush set up by Gongsun, who instead wanted to join Cao's forces.
# Gary B. Myrick

Gary B. Myrick is Secretary for the Majority of the United States Senate.
As Secretary for the Majority, Myrick is chief procedural advisor to the Senate Democratic Leader, Senator Charles Schumer, and supervises the majority's reaction to the day-to-day Senate schedule. Roll Call reporters and editors have repeatedly cited Myrick among leading Capitol Hill staffers. Myrick helped manage Senate passage of, among other things, the Water Resources Development Act of 2013, the 2013 Farm Bill, and the immigration reform bill of 2013.
Myrick served as Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid’s Chief of Staff in the 110th and 111th Congresses. In this post, Myrick oversaw the Majority Leader’s staff and was responsible for helping craft policy, develop strategy, and conduct outreach on behalf of the Majority Leader and Democratic Caucus. The Senate elected Myrick Secretary for the Majority on January 5, 2011. After the Republicans took back the majority in the 2014 elections, Myrick moved from Secretary for the Majority to Secretary for the Minority. In January 2021, he returned to being Secretary for the Majority.
Myrick joined Senator Reid’s office in 2003, when Reid, then Senate Minority Whip, asked him to serve as his Floor Counsel. In this position, Myrick quickly became one of Senator Reid’s top aides, and in 2005 he was named Deputy Chief of Staff.
Schumer is the fourth Senate Democratic Leader for whom Myrick has worked. He started his Senate career as an intern for Senate Majority Leader George J. Mitchell while attending the University of Maine. After graduating, he moved to Washington, D.C., to work as a staff assistant in Senator Mitchell’s office and as a member of Mitchell’s Cloakroom staff. While working in the Democratic Cloakroom, Myrick attended night classes at the Washington College of Law at American University, earning a J.D. in 1995. When Mitchell retired in 1995, Gary joined the Senate Floor Staff under incoming Democratic Leader Tom Daschle.
Myrick lives in Arlington, Virginia, with his wife, Lauren, and their son, Henry.
# Vestibular paroxysmia

Vestibular paroxysmia (VP) is a rare vertigo syndrome, which is defined by recurring, short-lasting vertigo attacks. A neurovascular cross-compression is commonly assumed to cause these attacks.

## Signs and symptoms

The main symptoms of VP are short attacks lasting seconds to a few minutes with spinning or swaying vertigo, which typically occur dozens of times a day. This may be accompanied by rhythmic tinnitus. In some patients, the attacks can be triggered by certain head positions or by hyperventilation.

## Cause

The vertigo attacks are caused by pulsatile compression of the vestibulocochlear nerve by blood vessels (in 70% of cases the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)) in the cerebellopontine angle, which can cause demyelinsation of the nerve. The nerve is particularly susceptible in the area of the nerve entry zone into the brain stem, as the structure of the myelin sheath changes here (from oligodendrocytes to Schwann cells).

## Diagnosis

In terms of the diagnostic criteria we find that the following must be met:
* At least ten attacks of spontaneous spinning or non-spinning vertigo
* Duration less than 1 minute
* Stereotyped phenomenology in a particular patient
* Response to a treatment with carbamazepine/oxcarbazepine
* Not better accounted for by another diagnosis.
A definiteve diagnosis can usually only be made after a successful attempt at pharmacotherapy. Vascular-nerve contact demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging is not part of the diagnostic criteria. Appropriate imaging should be performed to rule out other structural changes in the cerebellopontine angle.

## Treatment

Pharmacotherapy often involves oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine or lacosamide. In very rare cases, surgery in the form of microvascular decompression may also be indicated.

## Prognosis

In a long-term study (mean follow-up time 4.8 years), around 75% of patients remained without vertigo attacks, and in more than half of them no drug therapy was necessary.

## Epidemiology

Depending on the origin, there are two peaks in frequency: in the case of causative vascular malformations, those affected become symptomatic at a young age, while age-associated vascular changes usually cause symptoms for the first time between the ages of 40 and 70. Men are affected twice as often as women. Vestibular paroxysmia accounts for around 3% of diagnoses in specialized vertigo outpatient clinics.
# La Mia Vita Violenta

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Spin | 7/10 |
La Mia Vita Violenta (Italian for "My Violent Life", inspired by the title of a 1959 novel by Italian author Pier Paolo Pasolini) is the second studio album by Japanese-Canadian alternative rock band Blonde Redhead. It was released in September 4, 1995 by Smells Like Records.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Kazu Makino, Amedeo Pace and Simone Pace, except where noted

## Personnel

Credits are adapted from the liner notes of La Mia Vita Violenta and the 2016 compilation album Masculin Féminin.
Blonde Redhead
* Kazu Makino – guitar, vocals
* Amedeo Pace – guitar, vocals
* Simone Pace – drums
* Toko Yasuda – bass
Additional musicians
* Tada Hirano – keyboard on "(I Am Taking Out My Eurotrash) I Still Get Rocks Off" and "I Am There While You Choke on Me"
* Tombi Thokchom – sitar on "Harmony"
Production
* Blonde Redhead – production
* Edward Douglas – recording
* John Siket – mixing
* Mark Venezia – recording
Design
* Stefano Giovannini – photography (band photograph)
* John Kelsey – cover design
* Carissa Rodriguez – cover design
# Barbara A. Schaal

Barbara Anna Schaal (born 1947 in Berlin, Germany, naturalized in 1956) American scientist, evolutionary biologist, is a professor at Washington University in St. Louis and served as vice president of the National Academy of Sciences from 2005 to 2013. She is the first woman to be elected vice president of the academy. From 2009 to 2017, Schaal served on the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST).

## Education

Schaal grew up in Chicago, graduated from the University of Illinois, Chicago with a degree in biology, and received a doctorate from Yale University in 1974.

## Area of expertise

Schaal is best known for her work on the genetics of plant species. She is known particularly well for her studies that use molecular genetic data to understand evolutionary processes such as gene flow, geographical differentiation, and the domestication of crop species.

## Career

Schaal was on the faculty of the University of Houston and Ohio State University before joining Washington University in 1980, where she has served as chair of the biology department. In 2009, Schaal was named the Mary-Dell Chilton Distinguished Professor in Arts & Sciences at Washington University. She was formerly the director of Tyson Research Center and has been president of the Botanical Society of America and president of the Society for the Study of Evolution.
Schaal served as Washington University's dean of Arts & Sciences from January 1, 2013, through the 2019–20 academic year. In 2015 Schaal was elected as president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and assumed the position in 2016. In her president's address at AAAS' 2017 annual meeting, held Feb. 16–20 in Boston, titled 'Science and Technology for the Public Good,' she discussed the value of science and told the audience of scientists, students, journalists and science communicators that 'it is our obligation as scientists and citizens to speak up for science ... be a force for science.
Schaal established both the Distinguished Teaching Award and the Faculty Leadership Award in 2014 as a way to recognize exceptional commitment to Arts & Sciences and its students.
In 2023, Schaal was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society.
# Ninshō

Ninshō(忍性, August 19, 1217 – August 25, 1303 (Kengen July 16 – Kempo July 12)) was a Japanese Shingon Risshu priest during the Kamakura period. His was instrumental in reviving Ritsu Buddhism during this period, as well as establishing facilities to care for invalids. He was criticized by his contemporary Nichiren.
He is sometimes called Ninshō Ryōkan (忍性良観), or simply Ryōkan (良観), as well. He was a disciple of Eison (1201 – 1290), another Ritsu priest of the period. He was born in Byōbunosato, Shikinoshimonokōri, Yamato Province, now part of Miyake in Nara Prefecture.
# List of schools in Liberia

This is a list of notable schools in the African country of Liberia.

## Primary and secondary schools (by county)
### Montserrado County

* African Dream Academy
* Alexander B Cumming School - https://www.abcmsts.com/
* American International School of Monrovia - https://www.aismonrovia.org/
* AM Fofana High School
* Best Brains Academy, Thinkers Village - https://bestbrainsacademylib.net/
* Bethesda Christian Mission School
* BW Harris Episcopal
* Carver Mission Academy, Paynesville
* Cyber-ed Christian School of Excellence - https://cyberedchristianschool.org/home
* College of West Africa
* Don Bosco Technical High School, Sinkor
* Effort Baptist Church School, Paynesville
* ELWA Academy, Paynesville
* Haywood Mission Institute
* Heritage International Leadership Academy - https://hilalib.org/
* Isaac A David Memorial, Paynesville - https://www.isaacadavidschool.org/
* JJ Roberts United Methodist High School
* JW Harris Memorial
* Levi C Williams - https://levicwilliamsschoolsystem.com/
* Light International School System
* Our Lady of Grace International - https://www.olgis.org/
* Ricks Institute - http://ricksinstitute.org/
* Seventh Day Adventist High School
* Soltiamon Christian School System
* Spiritan Academy, Central Monrovia
* Sr Kathleen McGuire Memorial Catholic High School, ELWA - https://nacesliberia.org/school/st-kathleen-mcquire-catholic-high-school
* St Kizito Catholic High School - https://nacesliberia.org/school/st-kizito-catholic-high-school
* St Peter's Lutheran High School
* William VS Tubman High School

### Margibi County

* Booker Washington Institute, Kakata - https://bwitech.edu.lr/
* Dolo Town Public School, Marshall
* Duazon Public School, Duazon
* Elizabeth Sele Mulbah Institute, Duazon
* Gbotee R Peabody Foundation, Duazon
* Harbel Multilateral High School
* John P Mitchell Public School
* Kakata Community College, Kakata City - http://campus.midlibcssedu.org
* Liberia Renaissance Education Complex, Duazon - https://ourschoolliberia.org/
* Mid-Liberia Christian School System, Ben's Town, Marshall

### Gbarnga

* Gbarnga Lutheran Mission - https://www.gbarngamission.org/school

### Grand Bassa County

* Bassa High School
* St Peter Claver Catholic High School

## Post-secondary institutions

* Adventist University of West Africa, Margibi County
* African Methodist Episcopal University, Montserrado County
* Booker Washington Institute, Kakata
* Cuttington University, Bong County
* Louis Arthur Grimes School of Law, Montserrado County
* Nimba County University College, Nimba County
* Starz University, Montserrado County
* Stella Maris Polytechnic, Montserrado County
* Tubman University, Maryland County
* United Methodist University, Montserrado County
* University of Liberia, Montserrado County
# Dietro le apparenze

Dietro le apparenze is the eighth studio album by Italian singer Giorgia, released on 6 September 2011 by Sony Music.
The album featured several successful singles including "Il mio giorno migliore" and the collaborations "Inevitabile" with Eros Ramazzotti and "Tu mi porti su" with Jovanotti. It peaked at number one on the Italian Albums Chart, becoming her second recording project to achieve it since Ladra di vento (2003), selling over 120,000 units in Italy.

## Background and composition

After her seventh studio album Stonata (2007), Giorgia took a discography break and changed her menagement team; in 2010 she also gave birth of their first child with her fiancé Emanuel Lo. In May 2011 Giorgia announced her eighth studio album Dietro le apparenze, produced by the singer herself with the new producer Michele Canova. The record project featured thirteen traks with collaboration with italian singers Eros Ramazzotti and Jovanotti. In an interview with Rockol Giorgia explained the meaning of the album and its production process:
   "At a later age, you gain an awareness that allows you to notice things that used to pass before your eyes without a trace. On this record I wrote less than on those made in the past, but I realized that you have to 'feel' a song in order to interpret it credibly. So even in this respect I must admit that 'Behind Appearances' represents a big step forward."

## Critics reception

In an album review Rockol wrote that Giorgia "mixes together different genres and different types of interpretation" whit "lyrics that are sometimes reflective and sometimes ironic" and "notable collaborations embellish the final work without taking away from the singer-songwriter's focus".

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Italian Albums (FIMI) | 1 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 19 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2011) | Position |
| Italy (FIMI) | 13 |
| Chart (2012) | Position |
| Italy (FIMI) | 27 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Italy (FIMI) | 2× Platinum | 120,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||
# Pangasius pangasius

Pangasius pangasius, the Pangas catfish, is a species of shark catfish native to fresh and brackish waters of Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, and Pakistan. It has also been introduced to Cambodia and Vietnam. This species grows to a standard length of 60 centimetres, however an aberrant large individual captured in the 1970's grew to a length of 3 metres (9.8 ft). This species of fish is eaten by the people of South Asia, the other being P. silasi from the Krishna River.

## Market

This species of catfish is widely farmed, especially in South and Southeast Asia, with Vietnam being a major producer. The fish is primarily cultivated in large freshwater ponds or tanks. The farming of this fish has grown significantly due to its fast growth rate and adaptability to various environmental conditions.
The Pangas catfish farming industry provides livelihoods to millions of people, including farmers, workers in processing plants, and those involved in the export supply chain. It is a significant contributor to the economies of regions where it is farmed.
# Dan graziano

Dan Graziano is an American painter based in Lancaster, Pennsylvania known for his contemporary impressionist works of landscapes and urban scenes.
Graziano was born in Chicago but spent his early years in Los Angeles during the politically turbulent 1960s and 1970s
He has exhibited at the Salmagundi Club of New York City (2015) and was featured at five plein air shows and auctions from Hilton Head, SC to Hudson, NY (2014).. He has won several awards including 3rd place at the First Annual Laguna Plein Air Painters Association "LPAP Squared" Year-end Juried Art Show
He cites his greatest influences as John Singer Sargent, Edward Hopper and N. C. Wyeth, Andrew Wyeth, and Jamie Wyeth along with California artists Wayne Thiebaud and Richard Diebenkorn.
# Lujo Brentano

Lujo Brentano (/brɛnˈtɑːnoʊ/; German:; 18 December 1844 – 9 September 1931) was a German economist and social reformer.

## Biography

Lujo Brentano, born in Aschaffenburg into a German Catholic intellectual family (originally of Italian descent), attended school in Augsburg and Aschaffenburg. He studied in Dublin (Trinity College), Münster, Munich, Heidelberg (doctorate in law), Würzburg, Göttingen (doctorate in economics), and Berlin (habilitation in economics, 1871).
He was a professor of economics and state sciences at the universities of Breslau, Strasbourg, Vienna, Leipzig, and most importantly, Munich (1891–1914). With Ernst Engel, the statistician, he made an investigation of the English trade unions.
In 1872, he became involved in an extended dispute with Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Brentano accused Marx of falsifying a quotation from an 1863 speech by William Ewart Gladstone.
In 1914, he signed the Manifesto of the Ninety-Three. After the revolution of November 1918, he served in minister-president Kurt Eisner's government of the People's State of Bavaria as People's Commissar (Minister) for Trade, but only for a few days in December 1918.
Brentano died in Munich in 1931, aged 86.

## Legacy

Brentano was a Kathedersozialist, a professor advocating social reform, and a founding member of the Verein für Socialpolitik. He influenced the social market economy and many Germans who were leaders immediately after the end of World War II. He also influenced later economists, such as his doctoral student Arthur Salz.
# Foglio

Foglio is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kaja Foglio (born 1970), American artist and writer
* Paolo Foglio (born 1975), Italian footballer
* Phil Foglio (born 1956), American cartoonist and comic book artist
* Valerio Foglio (born 1985), Italian footballer
# Diploderma jiulongense

Diploderma jiulongense is endemic to China.