# List of chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh

The chief minister of Madhya Pradesh is the chief executive of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. In accordance with the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.
Following Madhya Pradesh's reorganisation on 1 November 1999, 19 people have served as its chief minister. Twelve of these belonged to the Indian National Congress, including the inaugural officeholder Ravishankar Shukla. The first non-Congress chief minister was Govind Narayan Singh who defected from the party and lead a Samyukta Vidhayak Dal government from 1967 to 1969. Digvijaya Singh of the Congress became the first officeholder to serve two full five-year terms. He was succeeded by Uma Bharti of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Madhya Pradesh's only woman chief minister. Shivraj Singh Chouhan of the Bharatiya Janata Party was the longest-serving chief minister of the state, serving for over 16 and half years. Chouhan was succeeded by Dr. Mohan Yadav of his own party after the 2023 elections, which was seen as a landslide victory for the BJP.

## Precursor states
### Vindhya Pradesh (1948-1956)

In 1948, the eastern regions of Central India Agency, became the Union of Baghelkhand and Bundelkhand States, and was admitted into the Dominion of India as a Part B state, headed by a Rajpramukh under the advice of a Prime Minister. It was renamed Vindhya Pradesh and converted to a Part C state, headed by a Chief Commissioner, on 1 January 1950. In 1952, a legislative assembly was created and the post of Chief Commissioner was replaced by the Lieutenant Governor.

#### Prime Ministers of Union of Baghelkhand and Bundelkhand States (UBBS)

| # | Name | Tenure | Tenure | Tenure | Appointed by | Party |
| 1 | Awadhesh Pratap Singh | 28 May 1948 | 14 April 1949 | 322 days | Martand Singh (Rajpramukh) | Indian National Congress |
| 2 | Neil Bruniat Bonerji | 15 April 1949 | 30 April 1949 | 15 days | Martand Singh (Rajpramukh) | Independent |
| 3 | Shreenath Mehta | 1 May 1949 | 31 December 1949 | 244 days | Martand Singh (Rajpramukh) | Independent |

#### Chief Ministers of Vindhya Pradesh

| # | Name | Tenure | Tenure | Tenure | Assembly | Appointed by | Party | Party |
| 1 | Sambhu Nath Shukla | 31 March 1952 | 31 October 1956 | 4 years, 214 days | 1st (1952 elections) | K. Santhanam | Indian National Congress | |

### Madhya Bharat (1948-1956)

In 1948, the western regions of Central India Agency and the Gwalior and Indore residencies, became the new state of Madhya Bharat. It was admitted into the union as a "Part B" state.

#### Prime Ministers of Madhya Bharat

| # | Portrait | Name | Tenure | Tenure | Appointed by | Party | Party |
| 1 | | Liladhar Joshi | 28 May 1948 | May 1949 | Jivaji Rao Scindia | Indian National Congress | |
| 2 | | Gopikrishna Vijayavargiya | May 1949 | 25 January 1950 | Jivaji Rao Scindia | Indian National Congress | |

#### Chief Ministers of Madhya Bharat

| # | Name | Tenure | Tenure | Tenure | Assembly | Appointed by | Party |
| 1 | Gopikrishna Vijayavargiya | 26 January 1950 | 18 October 1950 | 264 days | Not yet created | Jivaji Rao Scindia | Indian National Congress |
| 2 | Takhatmal Jain | 18 October 1950 | 31 March 1952 | 1 year, 164 days | Not yet created | Jivaji Rao Scindia | Indian National Congress |
| 3 | Mishrilal Gangwal | 31 March 1952 | 16 April 1955 | 3 years, 15 days | 1st (1952 elections) | Jivaji Rao Scindia | Indian National Congress |
| (2) | Takhatmal Jain | 16 April 1955 | 31 October 1956 | 1 year, 198 days | 1st (1952 elections) | Jivaji Rao Scindia | Indian National Congress |

### Bhopal State (1949-1956)

On 30 April 1949, Sir Hamidullah Khan, the Nawab of Bhopal signed an Instrument of Accession to the Dominion of India. The state of Bhopal was taken over by the Union Government on 1 June 1949, and was declared a "Part C" state.
| # | Portrait | Name | Tenure | Tenure | Tenure | Assembly | Party | Party |
| 1 | | Shankar Dayal Sharma | 31 March 1952 | 31 October 1956 | 4 years, 214 days | 1st (1952 elections) | Indian National Congress | |

## List of chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh

After the independence of India, the state of Madhya Pradesh was created in 1950 from the Central Provinces and Berar and the princely state of Makrai with Nagpur as the capital of the state.
The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 merged the states of Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh, and Bhopal were merged into Madhya Pradesh and the Marathi-speaking southern region Vidarbha, which included Nagpur, was ceded to Bombay. In November 2000, as part of the Madhya Pradesh Reorganization Act the southeastern portion of the state was split off to form the new state of Chhattisgarh.
| # | Name | Constituency | Tenure | Tenure | Tenure | Assembly (election) | Party | Party |
| 1 | Ravishankar Shukla | N/A | 26 January 1950 | 30 March 1952 | 6 years, 340 days | Not yet created | Indian National Congress | |
| 1 | Ravishankar Shukla | Saraipali | 31 March 1952 | 31 October 1956 | 6 years, 340 days | 1st (1952 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 1 | Ravishankar Shukla | Saraipali | 1 November 1956 | 31 December 1956 | 6 years, 340 days | 1st (1952 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 2 | Bhagwantrao Mandloi | Khandwa | 9 January 1957 | 31 January 1957 | 22 days | 1st (1952 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 3 | Kailash Nath Katju | Jaora | 31 January 1957 | 14 March 1957 | 5 years, 40 days | 1st (1952 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 3 | Kailash Nath Katju | Jaora | 14 March 1957 | 12 March 1962 | 5 years, 40 days | 2nd (1957 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| (2) | Bhagwantrao Mandloi | Khandwa | 12 March 1962 | 30 September 1963 | 1 year, 202 days | 3rd (1962 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 4 | Dwarka Prasad Mishra | Katangi | 30 September 1963 | 8 March 1967 | 3 years, 303 days | 3rd (1962 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 4 | Dwarka Prasad Mishra | Katangi | 8 March 1967 | 30 July 1967 | 3 years, 303 days | 4th (1967 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 5 | Govind Narayan Singh | Rampur-Baghelan | 30 July 1967 | 13 March 1969 | 1 year, 226 days | 4th (1967 election) | Samyukta Vidhayak Dal | |
| 6 | Nareshchandra Singh | Pussore | 13 March 1969 | 26 March 1969 | 13 days | 4th (1967 election) | Samyukta Vidhayak Dal | |
| 7 | Shyama Charan Shukla | Rajim | 26 March 1969 | 29 January 1972 | 2 years, 309 days | 4th (1967 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 8 | Prakash Chandra Sethi | Ujjain North | 29 January 1972 | 22 March 1972 | 3 years, 328 days | 4th (1967 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 8 | Prakash Chandra Sethi | Ujjain North | 23 March 1972 | 23 December 1975 | 3 years, 328 days | 5th (1972 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| (7) | Shyama Charan Shukla | Rajim | 23 December 1975 | 30 April 1977 | 1 year, 128 days | 5th (1972 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| – | Vacant (President's rule) | N/A | 30 April 1977 | 23 June 1977 | 54 days | Dissolved | N/A | N/A |
| 9 | Kailash Chandra Joshi | Bagli | 24 June 1977 | 18 January 1978 | 208 days | 6th (1977 election) | Janata Party | |
| 10 | Virendra Kumar Sakhlecha | Jawad | 18 January 1978 | 20 January 1980 | 2 years, 2 days | 6th (1977 election) | Janata Party | |
| 11 | Sunderlal Patwa | Mandsaur | 20 January 1980 | 17 February 1980 | 28 days | 6th (1977 election) | Janata Party | |
| – | Vacant (President's rule) | N/A | 17 February 1980 | 9 June 1980 | 113 days | Dissolved | N/A | N/A |
| 12 | Arjun Singh | Churhat | 9 June 1980 | 10 March 1985 | 4 years, 277 days | 7th (1980 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 12 | Arjun Singh | Churhat | 11 March 1985 | 13 March 1985 | 4 years, 277 days | 8th (1985 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 13 | Motilal Vora | Durg | 13 March 1985 | 14 February 1988 | 2 years, 338 days | 8th (1985 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| (12) | Arjun Singh | Kharsia | 14 February 1988 | 25 January 1989 | 346 days | 8th (1985 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| (13) | Motilal Vora | Durg | 25 January 1989 | 9 December 1989 | 318 days | 8th (1985 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| (7) | Shyama Charan Shukla | | 9 December 1989 | 5 March 1990 | 86 days | 8th (1985 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| (11) | Sunderlal Patwa | Bhojpur | 5 March 1990 | 15 December 1992 | 2 years, 285 days | 9th (1990 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| – | Vacant (President's rule) | N/A | 15 December 1992 | 6 December 1993 | 355 days | Dissolved | N/A | N/A |
| 14 | Digvijaya Singh | Chachoura | 7 December 1993 | 1 December 1998 | 10 years, 1 day | 10th (1993 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 14 | Digvijaya Singh | Raghogarh | 1 December 1998 | 8 December 2003 | 10 years, 1 day | 11th (1998 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| 15 | Uma Bharti | Malhara | 8 December 2003 | 23 August 2004 | 259 days | 12th (2003 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| 16 | Babulal Gaur | Govindpura | 23 August 2004 | 29 November 2005 | 1 year, 98 days | 12th (2003 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| 17 | Shivraj Singh Chouhan | Budhni | 29 November 2005 | 12 December 2008 | 13 years, 17 days | 12th (2003 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| 17 | Shivraj Singh Chouhan | Budhni | 12 December 2008 | 13 December 2013 | 13 years, 17 days | 13th (2008 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| 17 | Shivraj Singh Chouhan | Budhni | 14 December 2013 | 17 December 2018 | 13 years, 17 days | 14th (2013 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| 18 | Kamal Nath | Chhindwara | 17 December 2018 | 23 March 2020 | 1 year, 97 days | 15th (2018 election) | Indian National Congress | |
| (17) | Shivraj Singh Chouhan | Budhni | 23 March 2020 | 13 December 2023 | 3 years, 265 days | 15th (2018 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |
| 19 | Mohan Yadav | Ujjain South | 13 December 2023 | Incumbent | 1 year, 75 days | 16th (2023 election) | Bharatiya Janata Party | |

## Statistics

Fraction of time of holding CMO by party (as of December 2024)
| # | Chief Minister | Party | Party | Term of office | Term of office |
| # | Chief Minister | Party | Party | Longest continuous term | Total duration of chief ministership |
| 1 | Shivraj Singh Chouhan | | BJP | 13 years, 17 days | 16 years, 282 days |
| 2 | Digvijay Singh | | INC | 10 years, 1 Day | 10 Years, 1 Day |
| 3 | Ravishankar Shukla | | INC | 6 years, 340 days | 6 years, 340 days |
| 4 | Arjun Singh | | INC | 4 years, 277 days | 5 years, 258 days |
| 5 | Kailash Nath Katju | | INC | 5 years, 40 days | 5 years, 40 days |
| 6 | Shyama Charan Shukla | | INC | 2 years, 309 days | 4 years, 158 days |
| 7 | Prakash Chandra Sethi | | INC | 3 years, 328 days | 3 years, 328 days |
| 8 | Dwarka Prasad Mishra | | INC | 3 years, 303 days | 3 years, 303 days |
| 9 | Sunderlal Patwa | | JP/BJP | 2 years, 285 days | 2 years, 313 days |
| 10 | Motilal Vora | | INC | 2 years, 338 days | 3 years, 291 days |
| 11 | Virendra Kumar Sakhlecha | | JP | 2 years, 2 days | 2 years, 2 days |
| 12 | Govind Narayan Singh | | SVD | 1 year, 226 days | 1 year, 226 days |
| 13 | Bhagwantrao Mandloi | | INC | 1 year, 202 days | 1 year, 224 days |
| 14 | Babulal Gaur | | BJP | 1 year, 98 days | 1 year, 98 days |
| 15 | Kamal Nath | | INC | 1 year, 97 days | 1 year, 97 days |
| 16 | Mohan Yadav* | | BJP | 1 year, 75 days* | 1 year, 75 days* |
| 17 | Uma Bharti | | BJP | 259 days | 259 days |
| 18 | Kailash Chandra Joshi | | JP | 208 days | 208 days |
| 19 | Nareshchandra Singh | | SVD | 13 days | 13 days |

## Footnotes

* ↑ This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
* 1 2 3 When President's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.