OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Doriot Climatic Chambers

The Doriot Climatic Chambers (DCCs) are a pair of very large, highly specialized wind tunnels/environmental chambers located at the U.S. Army’s Soldier Systems Center (SSC) in Natick, Massachusetts. Built in 1952, the Chambers are a unique facility, capable of simulating an extreme range of global weather conditions for the testing of both the physical properties of military equipment and the physiology and adaptations of human subjects.
A variety of tenants utilize the DCCs, which are operated by the U.S. Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command (RDECOM).

## History

The DCCs were constructed from 1952 to 1954 at the time of the founding of what is now the U.S. Army Research, Development, and Engineering Command (RDECOM) and Center.
At a rededication ceremony on 24 August 1994, the facility was named for Brigadier General Georges F. Doriot (1899–1987), a French-American who, during World War II, worked with a large staff in the Quartermaster Corps to develop, test and quickly field improved clothing and equipment for the U.S. soldier.
A major renovation was completed in 1996.

## Research
### Users

A number of tenants of the SSC utilize the DCCs including USARIEM, the NCTRF, and the USMC.

### Equipment testing

Examples of military equipment evaluated at the DCC include tents, parachutes, heaters, airbeams, medical devices and wild mills. The heat transfer properties of a wide range of new protective military clothing are tested at the DCC. Constant control of temperature (to within +/- 1 °F) is possible with simultaneous control of both wind and humidity. (Other chambers in the world have only two-environmental-parameter capability, making the DCCs unique.) External observer and test monitoring areas have electronic data acquisition systems to record a variety of testing parameters and provide customized plotting, graphing and printouts.

### Human research

The DCCs are man-rated for human safety. Human research in the DCC is aimed at the prevention of injuries and the minimizing of performance decrements in order to enhance overall operational effectiveness. The Chambers simulate types of environmental conditions that soldiers may encounter in the course of their real world duties. Soldier (and civilian) volunteers walk or run on treadmills to simulate a variety of work rates at different environmental extremes. Each chamber has two 5-person treadmills that can operate up to 15 mph (24 km/h) at a 12% grade. A facility kitchen prepares meals to test the effects of nutrition on physical performance. The DCCs include a dormitory facility for sleep studies as well as dressing rooms, showers and laundering facilities which support prolonged live-in studies.

## Specifications and capabilities

The dimensions of each of the two wind tunnels (Tropic Wind Tunnel and Arctic Wind Tunnel) are 60 by 10 by 15 feet (4.6 m). Equipment scheduled for testing enters the tunnels via 8-foot (2.4 m) high by 10-foot (3.0 m) wide doors. In addition, chambers of 30 by 18 by 14 feet (4.3 m) occupy the area at the back of each tunnel.
# Jim Hearn

James Tolbert Hearn (April 11, 1921 – June 10, 1998) was an American professional baseball player who was a pitcher in Major League Baseball for 13 seasons (1947–1959). The right-hander was listed as 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) tall and 205 pounds (93 kg).

## Career

Born in Atlanta, Hearn attended Georgia Tech and signed with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1942. He spent two years in the minor leagues and three performing military service in the United States Army during World War II, before being called up in 1947. After compiling a 21–17 record for the Cardinals over all or parts of four seasons, he was placed on waivers and claimed by the New York Giants on July 10, 1950. He then went on to lead the National League in earned run average (2.49) and win 11 of 14 decisions for manager Leo Durocher that season.
Hearn was a member of the 1951 Giants' starting rotation, winning 17 games and helping them overcome a 131⁄2-game mid-August deficit to the Brooklyn Dodgers to win the NL pennant. He defeated the Dodgers 3–1 in Game 1 of the NL pennant playoff and in the 1951 World Series, defeated the eventual champion New York Yankees 6–2 in his only start, in Game 3 at the Polo Grounds. He gave up only one earned run in the Series, for a Fall Classic ERA of 1.04.
Hearn pitched in New York for five more seasons where he compiled a 50–54 record through 1956. The following season he was traded to the Philadelphia Phillies, where he was used as a relief pitcher. On May 10 1959, he pitched 11⁄3 innings against the Pittsburgh Pirates and gave up two runs before the game was suspended. He was given his unconditional release 12 days later. The suspended game was resumed in July, and Pittsburgh held on to win. Thus Hearn was charged with a loss, weeks after his career had ended.

## Statistics

Overall, Hearn appeared in 396 games, winning 109, losing 89, with an ERA of 3.81, 63 complete games, ten shutouts and eight saves. In 1,7032⁄3 innings pitched, he allowed 1,661 hits and 655 bases on balls, with 669 strikeouts.

## Post-playing career

Hearn was a color commentator for CBC Television's Game of the Week in 1966. In 1969, he was television commentator announcer for the expansion Montreal Expos. An excellent golfer, he opened a golf school after his baseball career ended. He died at age 77 in Boca Grande, Florida.
# Hussein Monzer

Hussein Ali Monzer (Arabic: حُسَيْن عَلِيّ مُنْذِر, Lebanese Arabic pronunciation:; born 20 March 1997) is a Lebanese footballer who plays as a midfielder for Lebanese Premier League club Nejmeh.

## Club career

On 24 May 2023, Monzer joined Shabab Sahel on a five-year contract. One year later, Monzer moved to Nejmeh ahead of the 2024–25 season.

## International career

Monzer played for the Lebanon national under-19 team during the 2016 AFC U-19 Championship qualification, playing three times and scoring once. He also played for the U23 team during the 2018 AFC U-23 Championship qualification, playing in all three games, as well as in two 2020 qualifications games, scoring against the Maldives in a 6–0 victory.
He made his debut for the senior team on 30 July 2019, in a 1–0 defeat against Iraq at the 2019 WAFF Championship.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played 23 June 2021
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Lebanon | 2019 | 7 | 0 |
| Lebanon | 2020 | 1 | 0 |
| Lebanon | 2021 | 4 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 12 | 0 |

## Honours

Ahed
* AFC Cup: 2019
* Lebanese Premier League: 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2021–22, 2022–23
* Lebanese FA Cup: 2017–18, 2018–19; runner-up: 2022–23
* Lebanese Elite Cup: 2022; runner-up: 2021
* Lebanese Super Cup: 2017, 2018, 2019
Individual
* Lebanese Premier League Team of the Season: 2016–17, 2018–19
# Communications receiver

A communications receiver is a type of radio receiver used as a component of a radio communication link. This is in contrast to a broadcast receiver which is used to receive radio broadcasts. A communication receiver receives parts of the radio spectrum not used for broadcasting, including amateur, military, aircraft, marine, and other bands. They are often used with a radio transmitter as part of a two-way radio link for shortwave radio or amateur radio communication, although they are also used for shortwave listening.

## Features

Commercial communications receivers are characterized by high stability and reliability of performance, and are generally adapted for remote control and monitoring. For marketing purposes, many hobby-type receivers are advertised as "communications receivers" although none are suited for heavy-duty, reliable 24-hour use as the primary form of communication for an isolated station.
Typically, a communications receiver is of the superheterodyne type in double, triple or, more rarely, quad conversion. It features multiple RF and IF amplification stages and may have at least one IF stage that is crystal controlled. It usually has a BFO and a product detector for SSB and CW reception. The frequency coverage of receivers of this type is typically in the range of 500 kHz to 30 MHz. Communication receivers are suited for operation near powerful transmitting facilities and so must have good internal shielding, and effective front-end filtering. They have design features to provide high selectivity and stability. Rejection of unwanted signals (images, intermodulation products) will typically be much greater than a consumer-type general coverage or broadcast receiver.
The front panel controls are typically more comprehensive than those on a broadcasting receiver. Usual features include: signal strength meter; RF gain control; AVC/AGC adjustments; band switching or preselector switching; selectable bandwidth filters or a Q multiplier; BFO tuning; and audio limiters or attenuators. Precise, calibrated, analog tuning and display dials are used, with a separate bandspread control to allow selective tuning of signals close in frequency. In more recent units, electronic digital frequency displays are provided. In communication receivers, the decorative wooden cabinets typical of early broadcast receivers were replaced with utilitarian metal cabinets to provide electromagnetic shielding and mechanical ruggedness.
Communications receivers as an identifiable product type originated in 1933. The older generation of tube-based communications receivers are affectionately known as boat anchors for their large size and weight. Such receivers include the Collins R-390 and R-390A, the RCA AR-88, the Racal RA-17L and the Marconi Electra. However, even modern solid-state receivers can be very large and heavy, such as the Plessey PR2250, the Redifon R551 or the Rohde & Schwarz EK070/D2-80.
# Battle of Juturu

The Battle of Juturu was a significant battle between Aliya Rama Raya and the forces of Salakamraju Tirumala, commanded by his general, Salakaya. Determined to block Rama Raya's advance, Salakaya assembled his troops and prepared for battle. Despite his efforts, Salakaya's army was defeated, clearing the way for Rama Raya's continued his march towards Kurnool.

## Background

As Rama Raya's army advanced, Salakamraju Tirumala actively rallied his allies to resist the invasion. Chintagunti Raghupati, the chief of Bethamcherla attempted to halt their progress but was decisively defeated and forced to retreat into his fortress. Cina Timma Nayaka led a determined siege, capturing the stronghold and razing it to the ground. After clearing the enemy from the hilly regions around Awaku, Rama Raya’s forces moved northward, pressing their campaign towards Kurnool.

## Battle

Rama Raya's presence in the Kurnool region during 1542-1543 is attested by two inscriptions at Srisailam and Gadirevula. At Juturu, his advance was challenged by Salakaya Tirumala, who assembled his troops to block the path and offered battle to Rama Raya's army. However, Salakaya was defeated and forced to retreat. With the obstacle removed, Rama Raya proceeded to Kurnool his ancestral seat.

## Aftermath

Though defeated at the Battle of Juturu, Salakaya Tirumala was not entirely destroyed and retreated with the remnants of his army to Bedagallu, his jagir in the Adavani province.
# Kiryat Sanz, Netanya

Kiryat Sanz (Hebrew: קריית צאנז, also spelled Kiriat Tzanz) is a Haredi neighborhood located at the northwestern end of Netanya, Israel. Founded in 1956 by the previous Klausenburger Rebbe, Rabbi Yekusiel Yehudah Halberstam, who established his court there in 1960, Kiryat Sanz is the world center for Sanz-Klausenburg Hasidism. Halberstam's son and successor, Rabbi Zvi Elimelech Halberstam, known as the Sanzer Rebbe, holds his court here.

## History

In the 1950s, as the nascent State of Israel began building its population, the Klausenburger rebbe — who had emigrated to the United States in 1947 after surviving The Holocaust and living in displaced persons camps — applied to the Israeli government for land on which to build a Hasidic settlement for Holocaust survivors and chose land on the Netanya beachfront. for $1 million. Later the Israel Land Administration granted additional acreage to the budding community.
He laid the cornerstone for Kiryat Sanz on 4 March (21 Adar) 1956.
In 1958 Halberstam laid the cornerstone for both the old-age home and the hospital; the former was completed in 1960, while the latter, which became known as Laniado Hospital, did not open until 1975. In addition to religious services, the new settlement had a diamond polishing factory built by a New York diamond merchant.
Halberstam, his family, and 50 followers moved to Israel to Kiryat Sanz on 20 December (19 Kislev) 1959. He died in Kiryat Sanz on 18 June 1994.

## 21st century

Kiryat Sanz has a population of approximately 1500 families. As of 2006 most of the older residents were Holocaust survivors. It has schools, synagogues, a mikveh (ritual bath), a printing house, a religious hotel, a religious nursing school, and the Laniado Hospital, which encompasses two medical centers, a children's hospital, a geriatric center and a nursing school, serving a regional population of over 450,000.
Its beachfront was the first in Israel to schedule separate swimming hours for men and women.
Since the Rebbe's death in 1994, his eldest son, Rabbi Zvi Elimelech Halberstam, known as the Sanzer Rebbe, has been the spiritual leader of the Sanz community in Israel. From his home in Kiryat Sanz, he directs the Sanz Torah and chessed organizations in Netanya, Jerusalem, Bnei Brak, Petah Tikva, Haifa, Safed, Ashdod, Modiin, Beitar Illit, Tiberias, Elad, Monsey N.Y., Boro Park N.Y., Williamsburg N.Y, Lakewood N.J., and Union city N.J.. He is also directly responsible for all the institutions built by his father in Israel, including Laniado Hospital, where he serves as president.

## Landmarks

* Galei Sanz Hotel
* Laniado Hospital
# The Best of Fear Factory

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The Best of Fear Factory is the third compilation album by American industrial metal band Fear Factory, released on Roadrunner Records, featuring a collection of the band's music with the label (as such, Archetype and Transgression material are not included). The record was released without Fear Factory's involvement (they were signed to Liquid 8 Records at the time of the album's release), so it's unlikely that the album is officially recognized by the band themselves. Songs from Concrete, as well as their various compilation, live and remix albums, are not included.
The album was released on September 12, simultaneously with similarly unsanctioned best-of collections of the bands Sepultura, Type O Negative, and Ill Niño.

## Personnel

* Burton C. Bell − vocals
* Dino Cazares − guitars, bass on tracks 1−7, audio mixing
* Raymond Herrera − drums
* Christian Olde Wolbers − bass on tracks 8−12
* Monte Conner − compilation
* Joseph Cultice − photography
* Rhys Fulber − keyboards, audio programming, producer, audio mixing
* Caroline Greyshock − photography
* Steve Harris − audio mixing
* Junkie XL − mixing
* Brad Miller − photography
* UE Nastasi − assembly
* Gary Numan − vocals on track 11
* Mike Plotnikoff − mixing
* Greg Reely − producer, mixing
* Colin Richardson − producer, mixing
* Anthony St. James − photography
* Neil Zlozower − cover photo
# Bumblebee nest box

A bumblebee nest box (also called a "bumblebee house" or "bombus box") is a specially designed shelter intended for bumblebees (Bombus species) to establish nests. It is used to increase bumblebee populations in gardens, agricultural settings, and conservation areas, and for educational purposes.

## Background

Bumblebees often nest underground in abandoned rodent burrows or among dense grasses. However, suitable nest sites can become scarce due to habitat loss and human disturbance. A bumblebee nest box can help provide additional nesting opportunities to support local pollinator populations.

## Design and Placement

A typical bumblebee nest box is made from untreated wood or durable plastic and includes:
* An internal chamber with nesting material (e.g., dried moss, wood shavings, or kapok)
* A small entrance hole or tube
* Ventilation holes to reduce moisture buildup
* A roof or overhang to protect against rain
Boxes are often placed at or just above ground level in partial shade, near flowering plants to provide easy access to forage. Proper placement and monitoring can improve the chances of occupancy.

## Effectiveness

Studies show variable success rates for bumblebee nest boxes, ranging from low occupancy (below 10%) to moderate (up to 30%). Success depends on factors such as box design, correct placement, and local bumblebee species. While nest boxes may not fully replace lost natural nesting habitat, they can be part of broader pollinator-friendly strategies like habitat restoration and pesticide reduction.

## Conservation Context

In recent decades, bumblebee populations have been declining due to habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change. Conservation organizations recommend:
* Planting native wildflowers and maintaining diverse forage
* Minimizing pesticide usage
* Preserving undisturbed spaces for overwintering queens

## See Also

* Bumblebee
* Insect hotel
* Wildlife gardening
* Pollinator decline
* Beehive
# Ladislav Troják

Ladislav Troják (15 June 1914 – 8 November 1948) was a Slovak ice hockey player. On the national team of Czechoslovakia, he was the first Slovak hockey player to win a World Championship (1947 World Championship). Troják wore the number 9.
He died on 8 November 1948 during an aircraft accident over the English Channel, along with five other members of the Czechoslovak national team. He was posthumously inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2011.

## Playing career

He was a player in the ice hockey teams of ČsŠK Košice (until 1934) and LTC Prague (1934–1948). He scored 37 times in 75 games for the national team of Czechoslovakia. Ladislav Troják has been a member of the Slovak Hockey Hall of Fame since 30 November 2002, and the Czech Hockey Hall of Fame since 2008. He was posthumously inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2011.
The new home arena of the ice hockey team of HC Košice – The Steel Aréna – Košice's Ladislav Troják Stadium (open on 24 February 2006) is named in honour of Ladislav Troják. His daughter Jana Alexander-Trojak has lived in the United States since 1969. She lives in Prescott, Arizona and she is a fan of the NHL Arizona Coyotes.
# Mapeta cynosura

Mapeta cynosura is a species of snout moth in the genus Mapeta. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1895, and is known from Mexico (including Cuernavaca, Morelos, the type location).
# Kyonggongopsong Sports Club

Kyŏnggongopsong Sports Club (Kyŏnggong'ŏpsŏng, lit. Ministry of Light Industry Sports Club) is a North Korean professional football club affiliated with the North Korean Ministry of Light Industry [ko], playing in the DPR Korea Premier Football League at the 10,000 capacity City Stadium in P'yŏngyang.

## History

Their best known finish in the National Championships thus far is 8th, in the 2006 season, however they have had other successes, including winning the Republican Championship in 2009, having defeated Amrokkang 1–0 in the final, and a second-place finish in the 2015 edition of the Osandŏk Prize.

## Notable former players

* Choe Myong-ho, wore number 8; former Visakha FC player in the Cambodian League.

## Managers

* Kim Yong-chol

## Achievements

* Republican Championship: 1
       2009
* Hwaebul Cup: 2
       SF 2015, 2016
* Osandŏk Prize: 1
       2015
* Paektusan Prize: 1
       2007
* Poch'ŏnbo Torch Prize: 1
       2013
# Lithilaria ossicolor

Lithilaria ossicolor, the bone moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Rudolph Rosenstock in 1885. It is found in Australia.
The wingspan is about 30 mm.
# Dmitry Bessmertny

Dmitry Sergeyevich Bessmertny (Belarusian: Дзмітрый Сяргеевіч Бяссмертны; Russian: Дмитрий Сергеевич Бессмертный; born 3 January 1997) is a Belarusian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Kuban Krasnodar.

## Honours

BATE Borisov
* Belarusian Cup: 2019–20, 2020–21
* Belarusian Super Cup: 2022
# George III and the Prince of Wales Reviewing Troops

George III and the Prince of Wales Reviewing Troops was an oil on canvas painting by William Beechey, showing George III and his sons George, Prince of Wales and Frederick, Duke of York at an imagined review in Hyde Park. George rides Adonis (his favourite horse), whilst the Prince of Wales wears the uniform of the 10th Light Dragoons, of which he was colonel. Beside Frederick is David Dundas (Quartermaster General, who had commanded manoeuvres at Windsor and Weymouth before the king) and the painting also shows Philip Goldsworthy (one of the king's equerries and aides-de-camp) and William Fawcett, the 3rd Dragoon Guards' Colonel.
The painting was commissioned by George III and exhibited at the Royal Academy exhibition in 1798. The preliminary sketches do not include the Prince of Wales – though he later sat to Beechey for the work, some versions of it survive without him. The original was hanging in State Dining Room at Windsor Castle at the time of the 1992 fire and – too large to move out – it was the only painting to be destroyed. (Its place is now filled by the similarly sized 1751 group portrait of George III, his mother, brothers and sisters by George Knapton.)
A smaller version survives in the collection of the National Army Museum, probably copied around 1830 by Beechey's son George Duncan Beechey.
# Maintenance and Engineering Support

Maintenance and Engineering Support is the formation of the Singapore Army responsible for military engineering maintenance. It provides maintenance and engineering support to the Army by ensuring high operational equipment readiness for the Army and the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) at sustainable budget and manpower resources. It also train technicians and operator-maintainers (OMers) to perform field repairs in military exercises and training.
The formation also has collaborations with other organisations such as the Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA), ST Kinetics and the National Additive Manufacturing and Innovation Cluster (NAMIC).

## History

The formation started as HQ Maintenance in 1984 to oversee the Army's maintenance battalions and maintenance training school. In 1994, it was renamed Maintenance and Engineering Support (MES) after the reorganisation of Army Logistics Command (ALCOM) and G4 Army. MES received the ISO 9001 certification in 1995, People Developer Standard in 2001, ISO 14001 certification in 2002, and OHSAS 18001 certification in 2005.
The MES formation shifted from Ayer Rajah Camp to Kranji Camp III in 2010. In April that year, the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) had introduced the Military Domain Experts Scheme (MDES), a separate rank structure which runs parallel to the SAF's conventional rank system. MES regulars who have converted to the MDES, or joined after the MDES was introduced, hold ranks from Military Expert 1 (ME1) to Military Expert 8 (ME8).

## Operations

The MES formation has provided support to the SAF in disaster relief, humanitarian aid and peace support operations over the years, such as during the 1986 Hotel New World collapse in Singapore, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, and in Afghanistan in 2010 when the SAF's Weapon Location Radar (WLR) engineering team provided field innovation to sustain the radar under harsh environmental conditions.