# Robert Vaughn

Robert Francis Vaughn (November 22, 1932 – November 11, 2016) was an American actor and political activist, whose career in film, television and theater spanned nearly six decades and who was best known for his role as secret agent Napoleon Solo on The Man from U.N.C.L.E. (1964–68). He was a Primetime Emmy Award winner, and was nominated for the Academy Award, the BAFTA Award and four times for the Golden Globe Award.
Vaughn had his breakthrough role as disabled, drunken war veteran Chester A. Gwynn in The Young Philadelphians, earning him a 1960 Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor. He subsequently appeared in scores of films, notably as gunman Lee in The Magnificent Seven (1960), Walter Chalmers in Bullitt, Major Paul Krueger in The Bridge at Remagen (1969), the voice of Proteus IV in Demon Seed (1977) and Ross Webster in Superman III (1983).
To television audiences, in addition to his role as Solo Vaughn was known for his roles as private detective Harry Rule on The Protectors (1972–74), Morgan Wendell in the miniseries Centennial (1978–79), and Albert Stroller on the BBC Television drama Hustle (2004–12). He won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his portrayal of the White House Chief of Staff in the miniseries Washington: Behind Closed Doors. He also appeared in the British soap opera Coronation Street as Milton Fanshaw from January until February 2012.
Aside from his acting career, Vaughn was active in Democratic Party politics. He was chair of the California Democratic State Central Committee speakers bureau during the 1960s, and publicly campaigned against the Vietnam War as a member of the peace group Another Mother for Peace. A PhD in communications, his 1970 doctoral thesis "The Influence of the House Committee on Un-American Activities on the American Theater 1938–58" is considered "the most complete and intelligent treatment of the virulent practice of blacklisting now available."

## Early life

Robert Vaughn was born on November 22, 1932, to Gerald Walter and Marcella Frances (née Gaudel) Vaughn at Charity Hospital in New York City. Vaughn's father was a radio actor and his mother was a stage actress. His parents divorced, and Vaughn lived with his grandparents Frank and Mary Gaudel in Minneapolis while his mother traveled and performed.
Discussing his childhood in a 1965 New York Sunday News interview, Vaughn said “I was a complete wreck as a child, emotionally unstable, excessively prideful” and that he often felt miserable. “I cried all the time and I was always getting beat up”.

## Education

Vaughn attended Lowell Elementary, Jordan Junior High School and North High School in Minneapolis, graduating in 1950. Nicknamed "Nobby", Vaughn's activity in high school included the Polaris Weekly school newspaper, the student council and various sports, including being named captain of the cross-country team.
After high school, he enrolled in the University of Minnesota as a journalism major. However, he dropped out after a year and moved to Los Angeles with his mother.
He studied theater arts at Los Angeles City College in 1956 and transferred to Los Angeles State College of Applied Arts and Sciences earning a master's degree in theater in 1960.

### Doctoral thesis published as a book

Vaughn earned a PhD in communications from the University of Southern California in 1970. His doctoral dissertation "The Influence of the House Committee on Un-American Activities on the American Theater 1938–58" was an appraisal of the effect the committee's activities had on American theater. Vaughn's original research included data from questionnaires and interviews he conducted with witnesses who had been labeled "uncooperative" by the House Un-American Activities Committee.
In 1972, he published his dissertation as a book titled Only Victims: A Study of Show Business Blacklisting. Kirkus Reviews lists the book as "the most complete and intelligent treatment of the virulent practice of blacklisting now available". Still in print, the book is regularly assigned to law students.

## Military service

Vaughn was inducted into the U.S. Army Reserve on November 29, 1955, and entered active duty on December 18, 1956, at Fort Ord, California. During his first leave, he discovered his mother had been diagnosed with Berger's disease, an often fatal kidney disorder. Vaughn applied for an Honorable Hardship discharge. While waiting for a decision, Vaughn was held over at Fort Ord and served as a drill instructor. Discharged from active duty on May 26, 1957, he again served in the U.S. Army Reserve until November 1962.

## Acting career
### Early encouragement

Vaughn's mother encouraged his becoming an actor early in his life. She taught Vaughn to recite Shakespeare's “To be or not to be” soliloquy from Hamlet when he was five.
Vaughn's mother assisted him in being cast on radio shows in the Chicago area. He debuted on radio playing the part of Billy on Jack Armstrong, the All-American Boy broadcast on WBBM (AM) radio.
In 1950 Vaughn worked as a page at Minneapolis' WCCO (AM). "My job was a kind of glorified page boy position, but I was allowed to wear civvies rather than the silly uniforms often sported by studio guides and messengers in those days".
His first film appearance was as an extra in The Ten Commandments (1956), playing a golden calf idolator. Vaughn is also visible during a chariot scene behind Yul Brynner.
Vaughn's first credited movie role was the Western Hell's Crossroads (1957), in which he played Bob Ford, the murderer of outlaw Jesse James. Seen by Burt Lancaster in Calder Willingham's play End as a Man, Vaughn was signed with Lancaster's film company and was to have played the Steve Dallas role in Sweet Smell of Success. Vaughn appeared as Stan Gray in the episode "The Twisted Road" of the western syndicated series Frontier Doctor. Vaughn played in at least one episode of The Rifleman. He played Dan, a West Point dropout who was appointed temporary Marshall of North Fork.

### Helped by Paul Newman

Vaughn's first notable appearance was in The Young Philadelphians (1959). Vaughn credited Paul Newman with helping him earn his first major film role. "The person who launched my career into A-list movies was Paul Newman. When my agent called and said Warner Bros. had a role for me in The Young Philadelphians, I mentioned it to Paul, who belonged to the same health club I did. He told me it was the perfect role for me and offered to do the screen test with me. That was unheard of. In a screen test, you run your lines with a script girl who is off camera. I had never done one before, but Paul did it with me and the result was wonderful".
In the film Vaughn portrayed alcoholic Chet Gwynn who lost his arm in the Korean War and was falsely accused of murder. His acting in the film earned Vaughn nominations for both the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture.

### The Magnificent Seven

Vaughn's next role was the gun for hire Lee in director John Sturges' 1960 film The Magnificent Seven. The film was an adaptation of Akira Kurosawa's 1954 Japanese samurai epic Seven Samurai set in the American frontier.
Vaughn recalled the morning in January when he arrived in Sturges’ office for his audition, "...an ax was hanging over every movie project in Hollywood. Unless the casting for a picture was completed by noon on a particular Friday, production couldn’t begin". Telling Vaughn he wanted to cast him based on his performance in The Young Philadelphians, Sturges said, "We don’t have a script, just Kurosawa’s picture to work from. You’ll have to go on faith. But we’ll be filming in Cuernavaca. Never been there? You’ll love it — it’s the 'Palm Springs of Mexico' ". Vaughn told Sturges, “I'm in”. Saying, "Good decision, young man", Sturges asked, "And do you know any other good young actors? I’ve got four other slots to fill". Vaughn suggested James Coburn, a former classmate and friend. Sturges hired Coburn.
Vaughn's portrayal of hired gunslinger Lee included wearing black gloves throughout the film, signifying his reluctance to "get his hands dirty" even while continuing to kill for hire.
Vaughn's acting showed Lee's internal struggle with cowardice. Having lost his nerve, he could not fight until he finally summoned the internal courage to face certain death while freeing hostages. When offered the chance to run, Vaughn’s Lee is told, "Go ahead, Lee, you don’t owe anything to anybody". His answer? "Except to myself".
Vaughn died in 2016, the last of "The Magnificent Seven" actors.

### Bullitt

After The Man From U.N.C.L.E. series ended, Vaughn landed a major film role playing Walter Chalmers, a U.S. Senator in the film Bullitt starring Steve McQueen; he was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor for this role.

### Superman III

In 1983, he starred as villainous multi-millionaire Ross Webster in Superman III.

## Television career
### Debut

Vaughn made his television debut on the November 21, 1955, "Black Friday" episode of the American television series Medic, the first of Vaughn's over two hundred episodic television roles through the mid-2000s.

### Gunsmoke

In 1956, Vaughn made his first guest appearance on Gunsmoke in the episode entitled “Cooter.” The following year, he made his second guest appearance on Gunsmoke opposite Barbara Eden in a Romeo-Juliet role, in the episode "Romeo", which turned out okay for the bride and groom.

### The Boston Terrier

In 1962, Vaughn starred as Boston based private detective A. Dunster Lowell in The Boston Terrier episode of the NBC network’s anthology series The Dick Powell Show. The episode was a pilot episode of a proposed Blake Edwards TV series. Edwards had created the popular Peter Gunn television show.

### The Dick Van Dyke Show

In 1963, Vaughn appeared in an episode of The Dick Van Dyke Show as Jim Darling, a successful businessman and an old flame of Laura Petrie in the episode "It's a Shame She Married Me".

### The Lieutenant

During the 1963–64 season of The Lieutenant, Vaughn appeared as Captain Raymond Rambridge alongside Gary Lockwood, who played a Marine second lieutenant at Camp Pendleton. Vaughn had guest-starred on Lockwood's 1961–62 series Follow the Sun.

### The Man from U.N.C.L.E.

His dissatisfaction with the somewhat diminished aspect of the Rambridge character led Vaughn to request an expanded role. During the conference, his name came up in a telephone call and he ended up being offered a series of his own—as Napoleon Solo, title character in a series originally to be called Solo, but which became The Man from U.N.C.L.E. after the pilot was reshot with Leo G. Carroll in the role of Solo's boss. This was the role which would make Vaughn a household name even behind the Iron Curtain.
From 1964 to 1968, Vaughn played Solo with Scottish co-star David McCallum playing his fellow agent, Illya Kuryakin. This production spawned a spinoff show, large amounts of merchandising, overseas theatrical movies of re-edited episodes, and a sequel, Return of the Man from U.N.C.L.E..
Explaining the two The Man from U.N.C.L.E. characters' appeal, Vaughn said, “Girls age 9 to 12 liked David McCallum because he was so sweet, but the old ladies and the 13- to 16-year-olds liked me because I was so detached”.
At the height of The Man from U.N.C.L.E. show’s popularity, Vaughn reported receiving 70,000 fan letters a month. "I was bombarded with house and apartment keys labeled with the addresses of the adoring girls who lived behind those doors," he wrote in his 2008 memoir, A Fortunate Life. "At the end of our first season, I had to put up an electric fence around my house to keep out the girls. I even tried using recorded animal noises to fend off my visitors, but I could never operate the sound system."
Vaughn said the success of the show boosted his career. "Not only was it a great deal of fun, it changed me from being a working actor to a negotiating actor. After U.N.C.L.E., I never accepted the first offer: if I wanted more money, I asked for it. A better dressing room? Four first-class tickets instead of two? I’d ask for them, and I’d often get them."
In 1966, during the initial The Man from U.N.C.L.E. broadcast run, Vaughn appeared as a bachelor on the premiere episode of the nighttime version of The Dating Game which aired on October 6, 1966. Karen Carlson, the 1964 Miss America pageant first runner-up, chose Vaughn as her date, which included a trip to London, England.
After The Man from U.N.C.L.E was canceled in 1968, Vaughn continued to appear on television and in films.

### The Protectors

Vaughn starred in two seasons of the British detective series The Protectors from 1972 through 1974.

### Daytime television

Vaughn first appeared on daytime television in 1995 as a guest-star playing Rick Hamlin on the CBS soap opera As the World Turns. Vaughn later appeared in 1996 on ABC's One Life to Live playing the role of Bishop Corrington.
In 2012 Vaughn appeared for three weeks in the British soap opera Coronation Street as wealthy American Milton Fanshaw.

### The Magnificent Seven

Vaughn played Judge Oren Travis on the 1998–2000 syndicated television series The Magnificent Seven.

### Hustle

Vaughn experienced a resurgence in 2004. He began co-starring in the British TV drama series Hustle, made for BBC One. The series was also broadcast in the United States on the AMC cable network. In the series, Vaughn played elder-statesman American con artist Albert Stroller, a father figure to a group of younger grifters. He ultimately appeared in all eight series aired from 2004 to 2012.
When show producer Simon Crawford Collins met Vaughn, he recognized "straight away that he could bring a whole new dimension to the part of Albert". He later called Vaughn, offering him the role. Vaughn said during the call he was "told to get on a plane an hour after I got the phone call and start shooting the following day."
In 2006, Vaughn said "I imagined that Napoleon Solo had retired from U.N.C.L.E., whatever U.N.C.L.E. was. What could he do now to use his talents and to supplement his government pension? I imagined Stroller as Napoleon Solo, The Later Years".

### Other appearances

He also appeared in two episodes of Columbo during the mid-1970s, "Troubled Waters" (1975) and "Last Salute to the Commodore" (1976). The latter episode is one of the few in the series where the identity of the murderer is not known until the end. Vaughn won an Emmy for his portrayal of Frank Flaherty in Washington: Behind Closed Doors (ABC, 1977) and during the 1980s starred with friend George Peppard in the final season of The A-Team. Vaughn played Morgan Wendell, opponent to Paul Garrett played by David Janssen in the 1978–79 miniseries Centennial.
Vaughn portrayed Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, in addition to Woodrow Wilson (in the 1979 television mini-series Backstairs at the White House). He additionally played Roosevelt in the 1982 HBO telefilm FDR: That Man in the White House. In 1983–1984, he appeared as industrialist Harlan Adams in the short-lived series Emerald Point N.A.S., replacing Patrick O'Neal. In the mid-1990s, he made several cameo appearances on Late Night with Conan O'Brien as an audience member who berates the host and his guests beginning with "you people make me sick."
After a string of guest roles on series such as Law & Order (in which he had a recurring role during season eight as Carl Anderton, a wealthy businessman who vows revenge on the NYC DA's office and longtime friend Adam Schiff for sending his grandson to juvenile correction for murdering his stepsister). In September 2006, he guest-starred on an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
Vaughn also appeared as himself narrating and being a character in a radio play broadcast by BBC Radio 4 in 2007 about making the film The Bridge at Remagen in Prague, during the Russian invasion of 1968.

## Production company

In 1966, Vaughn founded a film production company, Ferdporqui Productions with his lifelong best friend actor Sherwood Price. The company was headquartered at the M.G.M. Studios in Culver City, California. They purchased production options on books and scripts in the 1960s. In 1966 they acquired the production rights to Joseph Sargent's "story idea" Bridge on the River Hudson and hired Peter Allan Fields to produce a script treatment. Vaughn was reportedly to star in their first independent film venture. They also acquired the rights to Robert Laxalt's novel The Man in the Wheatfield in 1966 and sought investors in the proposed film's production.
In 1968, the company opened a branch office in Great Britain. In the 1970s Ferdporqui Productions provided production management on The Protectors which starred Vaughn.

## Other investments

Vaughn's investments included profitable livestock herds and west Texas gas wells which made him a millionaire. In 1967, one of his wells saw an increase in production output from $13 per week to $270 per day, a $98,550 annual output (equivalent to $929,340 in 2024). The reportedly frugal Vaughn said, "If it went tomorrow, it wouldn't visibly change my life." Vaughn said he had lived on one-quarter of his salary for the past ten years and that his business manager allowed him $25 spending money per week.

## Advertising pitch man

In later years, Vaughn appeared in syndicated advertisements marketed by Commercial Pro, Inc. for various personal injury and workers compensation law firms, using the catchphrase, "Tell them you mean business".
Vaughn was also an infomercial pitchman from 1985 through 1990 for the Helsinki Formula, a claimed baldness cure. In 1994 the Federal Trade Commission sued, blocking the product's bogus claims, but $100 million of the product had already been sold.
In 1993, Vaughn told The Los Angeles Times he had no problem promoting the Helsinki Formula "cure". He said, “That was about the most profitable thing I’ve ever done in my life. Every call that came in on the 800 number, I got a piece of that”.
The Seinfeld TV show mentioned Vaughn's Helsinki Formula ad during the show's second season May 2, 1991, episode:
   Jerry (as Elaine flips through channels): What are you doing? All right, all right. What's the matter with that? What about that one? Elaine: Robert Vaughn, The Helsinki Formula? Jerry: He was good in Man from U.N.C.L.E.

## Personal life

During the late 1960s Joyce Jameson was a girlfriend of Vaughn's. She acted opposite Vaughn as a guest star on a 1966 U.N.C.L.E. episode "The Dippy Blond Affair".
Vaughn married actress Linda Staab in 1974. They appeared together in a 1973 episode of The Protectors, called "It Could Be Practically Anywhere on the Island". They adopted two children, Cassidy (born 1976) and Caitlin (born 1981). They resided in Ridgefield, Connecticut.
For many years, it was believed Vaughn was the biological father of English film director and producer Matthew Vaughn, born when the actor was in a relationship with early 1970s socialite Kathy Ceaton. However, a paternity investigation identified the father as George de Vere Drummond, an English aristocrat and godson of King George VI. Early in Matthew's life, when all believed Vaughn was the father, he asked for "his" child's surname to be Vaughn, which Matthew continues to use professionally, still seeing Vaughn as his social father, even if not biologically.

### Recordings

In 1967 Vaughn released the MGM Records spoken word album Readings From Hamlet, which featured him performing seven excerpts from Shakespeare's Hamlet accompanied with incidental music. The MGM Records E/SE-4488 lp was released in both mono and stereo formats.

### Books

Vaughn published Only Victims: A Study of Show Business Blacklisting in 1972.
His second book, A Fortunate Life, was an autobiography published in 2008 in which Vaughn said of his life, "With a modest amount of looks and talent and more than a modicum of serendipity, I've managed to stretch my 15 minutes of fame into more than half a century of good fortune". "The breaks all fell my way".

## Political views

Vaughn was a longtime member of the Democratic Party. His family was also Democratic and was involved in politics in Minneapolis. Early in his career, he was described as a "liberal Democrat". He was opposed to the Hollywood Blacklist of suspected Communists on freedom of speech principles, but Vaughn also was opposed to Communism as a totalitarian system. Vaughn campaigned for John F. Kennedy in the 1960 United States presidential election. He was the chair of the California Democratic State Central Committee speakers bureau and actively campaigned for candidates in the 1960s.
Vaughn was the first popular American actor to take a public stand against the Vietnam War and was active in the peace group Another Mother for Peace. Vaughn debated with William F. Buckley Jr. on his program Firing Line on the Vietnam War. With Dick Van Dyke and Carl Reiner, he was a founder of Dissenting Democrats. Early in the 1968 presidential election, they supported the candidacy of Minnesota Senator Eugene McCarthy, who was running for president as an alternative to Vice President Hubert Humphrey, who had supported President Lyndon Johnson's escalation of the war in Vietnam.
Vaughn was reported to have political ambitions of his own, but in a 1973 interview, he denied having had any political aspirations. In a conversation with historian Jack Sanders, he stated that after the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, "I lost heart for the battle."

## Death

Vaughn died in a hospice in Danbury, Connecticut, on November 11, 2016, after undergoing a year-long treatment for leukemia.

## Accolades

* 1960: Academy Award nominee – Actor in a Supporting Role – The Young Philadelphians
* 1960: Golden Globe nominee – Best Supporting Actor – The Young Philadelphians
* 1961: Golden Globe nominee – New Star of the Year – Actor – The Magnificent Seven
* 1965: Golden Globe nominee – Actor in a Television Series – The Man from U.N.C.L.E.
* 1965: Photoplay – Most Popular Male Star
* 1966: Golden Globe nominee – Actor in a Television Series – The Man from U.N.C.L.E.
* 1970: BAFTA Film Award nominee – Best Actor in a Supporting Role – Bullitt
* 1978: Emmy Award – Outstanding Continuing Performance by a Supporting Actor – Washington: Behind Closed Doors
* 1979: Emmy Award nominee – Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series – Backstairs at the White House
* 1998: Hollywood Walk of Fame Star, 6600 block of Hollywood Boulevard

## Theater

| Year | Title | Role | Theatre | Dates | Notes |
| 1955 | The Pilgrimage | Judas Iscariot | Pilgrimage Theater, Hollywood | Unknown | Pilgrimage Theater is now known as the John Anson Ford Amphitheatre. |
| 1979 | The Real Inspector Hound | Moon | United States | Unknown | |
| 1985 | Inherit The Wind | Henry Drummond | Paper Mill Playhouse, Millburn, NJ | March 1985 | |
| 1989 | Love Letters | Andrew Makepiece Ladd III | Edison Theatre | October 31, 1989 – January 21, 1990 | Directed by John Tillinger Written by A.R. Gurney |
| 2013 | Twelve Angry Men | Juror 9 | Birmingham Repertory Theatre Garrick Theatre | October 2013 November 2013 – June 2014 | |

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1956 | The Ten Commandments | Spearman / Hebrew at Golden Calf | Biblical epic film produced and directed by Cecil B. DeMille. Uncredited |
| 1957 | Hell's Crossroads | Bob Ford | Western film directed by Franklin Adreon. |
| 1957 | No Time to Be Young | Buddy Root | Film noir drama film directed by David Lowell Rich. |
| 1958 | Teenage Cave Man | The Symbol Maker's Teenage Son | Independent black-and-white adventure–science fiction film produced and directed by Roger Corman. |
| 1958 | Unwed Mother | Don Bigelow | Drama film directed by Walter A. Doniger. |
| 1959 | Good Day for a Hanging | Eddie Campbell | Western film directed by Nathan H. Juran. |
| 1959 | The Young Philadelphians | Chester A. Gwynn | Drama film directed by Vincent Sherman. Oscar nomination for best supporting actor. Based on the 1956 novel, The Philadelphian, by Richard P. Powell. |
| 1960 | The Magnificent Seven | Lee | Western film directed by John Sturges. |
| 1961 | The Big Show | Klaus Everard | DeLuxe Color and CinemaScope drama film directed by James B. Clark. Based on Jerome Weidman's novel I'll Never Go There Any More. |
| 1963 | The Caretakers | Jim Melford | Drama film produced and directed by Hall Bartlett. Based on the 1959 novel The Caretakers by Dariel Telfer. |
| 1964 | To Trap a Spy | Napoleon Solo | Feature length film of the Pilot episode of The Man from U.N.C.L.E. directed by Don Medford. |
| 1965 | The Spy with My Face | Napoleon Solo | Spy-fi spy film based on The Man from U.N.C.L.E. and directed by John Newland. |
| 1966 | One Spy Too Many | Napoleon Solo | Feature-length film of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'s two–part season two premiere episode "Alexander the Greater Affair" written by Dean Hargrove and directed by Joseph Sargent. |
| 1966 | The Glass Bottom Boat | Napoleon Solo | Romantic comedy film directed by Frank Tashlin. Also known as The Spy in Lace Panties. cameo appearance |
| 1966 | One of Our Spies is Missing | Napoleon Solo | Feature length film of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'s second season two–part episode "The Bridge of Lions Affair" directed by E. Darrell Hallenbeck and written by Howard Rodman. Based on The Bridge of Lions novel by Henry Slesar. |
| 1967 | The Spy in the Green Hat | Napoleon Solo | Feature-length film of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'s third season two–part episode "The Concrete Overcoat Affair" directed by Joseph Sargent and written by Peter Allan Fields with the story by David Victor. |
| 1967 | The Venetian Affair | Bill Fenner | Spy film directed by Jerry Thorpe. Based on a novel of the same name by Helen MacInnes. |
| 1967 | The Karate Killers | Napoleon Solo | Feature-length film of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'s third season two–part episode "The Five Daughters Affair" directed by Barry Shear and written by Norman Hudis with the story by Boris Ingster. |
| 1968 | The Helicopter Spies | Napoleon Solo | Feature-length film of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'s fourth season two–part episode "The Prince of Darkness Affair" directed by Boris Sagal and written by Dean Hargrove. |
| 1968 | How to Steal the World | Napoleon Solo | Feature-length film of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'s two–part series finale episodes "The Seven Wonders of the World Affair" directed by Sutton Roley and written by Norman Hudis. |
| 1968 | Bullitt | Walter Chalmers | Drama–thriller film directed by Peter Yates and produced by Philip D'Antoni. |
| 1969 | If It's Tuesday, This Must Be Belgium | Antonio, Photographer | DeLuxe Color romantic comedy film directed by Mel Stuart. |
| 1969 | The Bridge at Remagen | Major Paul Kreuger | War film directed by John Guillermin. Based on the book The Bridge at Remagen: The Amazing Story of March 7, 1945 by writer and U. S. Representative Ken Hechler. |
| 1970 | Julius Caesar | Servilius Casca | British independent adaptation of William Shakespeare's play of the same name, directed by Stuart Burge and written by Robert Furnival. |
| 1970 | The Mind of Mr. Soames | Dr. Michael Bergen | Sci-fi–drama film directed by Alan Cooke. Based on Charles Eric Maine's 1961 novel of the same name. |
| 1971 | The Statue | Ray Whiteley | British comedy film directed by Rodney Amateau. Based on the play Chip, Chip, Chip by Alec Coppel. |
| 1971 | Clay Pigeon | Neilson | Action film directed by Lane Slate and Tom Stern. |
| 1974 | The Man from Independence | Harry S Truman | Biographical–drama film directed by Jack Smight and written by Edward DeBlasio. |
| 1974 | The Towering Inferno | Senator Parker | Action–drama disaster film directed by John Guillermin. |
| 1975 | Wanted: Babysitter | Stuart Chase | Thriller–drama film directed by René Clément. Also known as in French: La Baby-Sitter, Italian: Babysitter – Un maledetto pasticcio, and German: Das ganz große Ding. |
| 1976 | Atraco en la jungla | Tony | Adventure–crime film directed by Gordon Hessler. Also known as 3–Way Split. Blue Jeans and Dynamite, and Double Cross. |
| 1977 | Demon Seed | Proteus IV | Sci-fi–horror film directed by Donald Cammell. Based on the novel of the same name by Dean Koontz. |
| 1977 | Starship Invasions | Professor Allan Duncan | Science fiction film directed, produced, and written by Ed Hunt Also known as in French: L'invasion des soucoupes volantes. |
| 1978 | The Lucifer Complex | Glen Manning | Science fiction film directed by Kenneth Hartford & David L. Hewitt and written by Hewitt & Dale Skillicorn. |
| 1978 | Brass Target | Colonel Donald Rogers | Post-World War II suspense film directed by John Hough. Based on the novel The Algonquin Project by Frederick Nolan. |
| 1978 | Hawaii Five-O | Rolande | Episode: "The Spirit is Willie" |
| 1979 | Good Luck, Miss Wyckoff | Dr. Neal | Drama film directed by Marvin J. Chomsky. |
| 1980 | Cuba Crossing | Hud | Action film directed by Chuck Workman. Also known as Assignment: Kill Castro |
| 1980 | Virus | Senator Barkley | Japanese post-apocalyptic Science fiction film directed by Kinji Fukasaku. Based on Sakyo Komatsu's eponymous 1964 novel in which the English version was printed in 2012. Also known as Virus (復活の日, Fukkatsu no hi) (literal translation: Day of Resurrection) in Japanese. |
| 1980 | Hangar 18 | Gordon Cain | Action science fiction film directed by James L. Conway and written by Ken Pettus with the story by Thomas C. Chapman and Conway. |
| 1980 | Battle Beyond the Stars | Gelt | Science fiction–adventure film directed by Jimmy T. Murakami. |
| 1981 | S.O.B. | David Blackman | Comedy film written and directed by Blake Edwards. |
| 1983 | Superman III | Ross Webster | British superhero film directed by Richard Lester and based on the DC Comics character Superman. |
| 1983 | Great Transport | Dr. Emil Kovac | Action–drama war film directed by Veljko Bulajić. Also known as in Serbo-Croatian: Veliki transport. |
| 1986 | Black Moon Rising | Ed Ryland | Action film directed by Harley Cokliss and written by John Carpenter. |
| 1986 | The Delta Force | General Woodbridge | |
| 1987 | Hour of the Assassin | Sam Merrick | |
| 1987 | They Call Me Renegade | Lawson | |
| 1987 | Killing Birds | Dr. Fred Brown | |
| 1988 | Skeleton Coast | Major Schneider | |
| 1988 | Captive Rage | Eduard Delacorte | |
| 1988 | Another Way: D-Kikan Joho | Mr. D | Japanese film |
| 1989 | The Emissary | Ambassador Ed MacKay | |
| 1989 | That's Adequate | Adolf Hitler | |
| 1989 | C.H.U.D. II: Bud the C.H.U.D. | Colonel Masters | |
| 1989 | River of Death | Dr. Wolfgang Manteuffel | |
| 1989 | Transylvania Twist | Lord Byron Orlock | |
| 1990 | Buried Alive | Gary Julian | |
| 1990 | Nobody's Perfect | Dr. Duncan | |
| 1991 | Going Under | Wedgewood | Also known as Dive! |
| 1992 | Blind Vision | Mr. X | |
| 1994 | Dust to Dust | Mayor Sampson Moses | |
| 1995 | Witch Academy | The Devil | |
| 1996 | Joe's Apartment | Senator Dougherty | |
| 1996 | Milk & Money | Uncle Andre | |
| 1997 | Menno's Mind | Senator Zachary Powell | |
| 1997 | Motel Blue | Chief MacIntyre | |
| 1997 | Vulcan | Vince Baxter | |
| 1997 | An American Affair | Professor Michaels | |
| 1998 | Visions | Agent Silvestri | |
| 1998 | McCinsey's Island | Walter Denkins | |
| 1998 | The Sender | Ron Fairfax | |
| 1998 | BASEketball | Baxter Cain | Vaughn's 100th feature film |
| 2001 | Pootie Tang | Dick Lecter | |
| 2002 | Cottonmouth | Judge Mancini | |
| 2003 | Happy Hour | Tulley Sr. | |
| 2003 | Doug McPlug: The Life and Times | | |
| 2003 | Hoodlum & Son | Benny 'The Bomb' Palladino | |
| 2004 | Scene Stealers | Dr. Gadsden Braden | |
| 2004 | 2BPerfectlyHonest | Nick | |
| 2004 | Gang Warz | Chief Hannigan | |
| 2012 | Excuse Me for Living | Jacob | |
| 2012 | The Magnificent Eleven | American Bob | |
| 2014 | A Cry from Within | Doc Williams | |
| 2016 | The American Side | Silver-Haired Man | |
| 2016 | Gold Star | Carmine | (final film role) |

### Television

* Medic (1955) (Season 2 Episode 9: "Black Friday") as Dr. Charles A. Leale
* Frontier (1956) (Season 1 Episode 30: "The Return of Jubal Dolan") as Cliff Dolan
* Father Knows Best (1956) (Season 3 Episode 13: "Betty Goes Steady") as Mr. Beekman
* Gunsmoke (1956-1957) (2 episodes)
** (Season 1 Episode 27: "Cooter") (1956) as Kid
** (Season 3 Episode 9: "Romeo") (1957) as Andy Bowers
* Zane Grey Theater (1956–1957) (2 episodes)
** (Season 1 Episode 11: "Courage is a Gun") (1956) as Johnny Adler
** (Season 2 Episode 3: "A Gun Is for Killing") (1957) as Billy Jack
* Tales of Wells Fargo (1957–1961) (2 episodes)
** (Season 2 Episode 7: "Billy the Kid") (1957) as Billy the Kid
** (Season 6 Episode 3: "Treasure Coach") (1961) as Billy Brigode
* Whirlybirds (1958) (Season 2 Episode 25: "Robert Dixon, M.D.") as Dr. Bob Dixon
* The Rifleman (1958) (Season 1 Episode 11: "The Apprentice Sheriff") as Marshal Dan Willard
* Wagon Train (1958-1960) (2 episodes)
** (Season 1 Episode 37: "The John Wilbot Story") (1958) as Roy Pelham
** (Season 4 Episode 13: "The Roger Bigelow Story") (1960) as Roger Bigelow
* State Trooper (1959) (Episode: "Another Chance") as George Jones
* Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1959) (Season 5 Episode 7: "Dry Run") as Art
* Zorro (1959) (Season 2 Episode 20: "Spark of Revenge") as Miguel Roverto
* Law of the Plainsman (1959) (2 episodes)
** (Season 1 Episode 10: "The Dude") as Theodore Roosevelt
** (Season 1 Episode 11: "The Innocents") as Ross Drake
* Wichita Town (1959) (Season 1 Episode 9: "Passage to the Enemy") as Frank Warren
* The Lineup (1959) (Season 6 Episode 6: "Prelude to Violence") as Bart Wade
* Bronco (1959) (Season 1 Episode 12: "Borrowed Glory") as Sheriff Lloyd Stover
* The DuPont Show with June Allyson (1960) (Season 2 Episode 11: "Emergency") as Dr. Collins
* Checkmate (1960) (Season 1 Episode 2: "Interrupted Honeymoon") as Abner Benson
* Men into Space (1960) (Season 1 Episode 20: "Moon Cloud") as Perry Holcomb
* The Rebel (1960) (Season 1 Episode 19: "Noblesse Oblige") as Asa Bannister
* Laramie (1960) (Season 2 Episode 7: "The Dark Trail") as Sandy Kayle
* The Man from Blackhawk (1960) (Season 1 Episode 26: "Remember Me Not") as Hayworth
* Thriller (1961) (Season 1 Episode 24: "The Ordeal of Dr. Cordell") as Dr. Frank Cordell
* The Asphalt Jungle (1961) (Season 1 Episode 13: "The Scott Machine") as Warren W. Scott
* Target: The Corruptors (1961) (Season 1 Episode 10: "To Wear a Badge") as Lace
* Bonanza (1962) (Season 4 Episode 6: "The Way Station") as Luke Martin
* The Eleventh Hour (1962–63) (2 episodes)
** (Season 1 Episode 11: "The Blues My Babe Gave to Me") (1962) as Peter Warren
** (Season 2 Episode 2: "The Silence of Good Men") (1963) as St. Mark
* The Untouchables (1963) (Season 4 Episode 26: "The Charlie Argos Story") as Charlie Argos
* The Virginian (1963) (Season 1 Episode 20: "If You Have Tears") as Simon Clain
* The Dick Van Dyke Show (1963) (Season 2 Episode 29: "It's a Shame She Married Me") as Jim Darling
* The Lieutenant (1963–64) (17 episodes) as Captain Raymond Rambridge
* The Man from U.N.C.L.E. (1964–68) (105 episodes) as Napoleon Solo / Thrush Double
* Gideon's Way (British TV series) (1965) (Season 1 Episode 24: "The Reluctant Witness") as Police Officer (uncredited)
* The Girl from U.N.C.L.E. (1966) (Season 1 Episode 3: "The Mother Muffin Affair") as Napoleon Solo
* Please Don't Eat the Daisies (1966) (Season 1 Episode 18: "Say UNCLE") cameo as Napoleon Solo
* The Woman Hunter (1972 television film) as Jerry Hunter
* The Protectors (1972–74) (52 episodes) as Harry Rule
* Columbo (1975–1976) (2 episodes)
** (Season 4 Episode 4: "Troubled Waters") (1975) as Hayden Danziger
** (Season 5 Episode 6: "Last Salute to the Commodore") (1976) as Charles 'Charlie' Clay
* Captains and the Kings (1976 mini-series) (6 episodes) as Charles Desmond
** (Season 1 Episode 2: "Chapter II")
** (Season 1 Episode 3: "Chapter III")
** (Season 1 Episode 4: "Chapter IV")
** (Season 1 Episode 5: "Chapter V")
** (Season 1 Episode 7: "Chapter VII")
** (Season 1 Episode 8: "Chapter VIII")
* Washington: Behind Closed Doors (1977) (6 episodes) as Frank Flaherty
** (Season 1 Episode 1: "Part 1")
** (Season 1 Episode 2: "Part 2")
** (Season 1 Episode 3: "Part 3")
** (Season 1 Episode 4: "Part 4")
** (Season 1 Episode 5: "Part 5")
** (Season 1 Episode 6: "Part 6")
* The Feather and Father Gang (1977) (Season 1 Episode 10: "Murder at F-Stop II") as Winslow
* The Eddie Capra Mysteries (1978) (Pilot Episode: "Nightmare at Pendragon Castle") as Charles Arthur Pendragon
* Centennial (1978–1979) (10 episodes) as Morgan Wendell
** (Season 1 Episode 3: "The Wagon and the Elephant") (1978) (credit only)
** (Season 1 Episode 4: "For as Long as the Waters Flow") (1978)
** (Season 1 Episode 5: "The Massacre") (1978)
** (Season 1 Episode 6: "The Longhorns") (1978)
** (Season 1 Episode 7: "The Shepherds") (1978)
** (Season 1 Episode 8: "The Storm") (1979)
** (Season 1 Episode 9: "The Crime") (1979)
** (Season 1 Episode 10: "The Winds of Fortune") (1979)
** (Season 1 Episode 11: "The Winds of Death") (1979)
** (Season 1 Episode 12: "The Scream of Eagles") (1979)
* The Rebels (1979) as Seth McLean
* Hawaii Five-O (1979) (Season 11 Episode 15: "The Spirit is Willie") as Sebastian Rolande
* Backstairs at the White House (1979) (TV mini-series) (Season 1 Episode 1) as Woodrow Wilson)
* Trapper John, M.D. (1980) (2 episodes) as T.K. Sheldon
** (Season 2 Episode 1: "Girl Under Glass: Part 1")
** (Season 2 Episode 2: "Girl Under Glass: Part 2")
* Fantasies (1982) (Television film) as Girard
* Inside the Third Reich (1982) (Television film) as Field Marshal Milch
* The Day the Bubble Burst (1982) (Television film) as Richard Whitney
* The Blue and the Gray (1982) (TV mini-series) (3 episodes) as Senator Reynolds
** (Season 1 Episode 1: "Part 1")
** (Season 1 Episode 2: "Part 2")
** (Season 1 Episode 3: "Part 3")
* The Return of the Man from U.N.C.L.E.: The Fifteen-Years-Later Affair (1983) (Television film) as Napoleon Solo
* Silent Reach (1983) (TV mini-series) (2 episodes) as Steven Sinclair
** (Season 1 Episode 1")
** (Season 1 Episode 2")
* Emerald Point N.A.S. (1983–1984) (13 episodes) as Harlan Adams
* The Hitchhiker (1984) (Season 2 Episode 3: "Face to Face") as Dr. Christopher Hamilton
* The Last Bastion (1984 Australian mini-series) (3 episodes) as Douglas MacArthur
** (Season 1 Episode 1: Part 1")
** (Season 1 Episode 2: Part 2")
** (Season 1 Episode 3: Part 3")
* Private Sessions (1985) (TV movie) as Oliver Coles
* Murder, She Wrote (1985–1992) (3 episodes)
** (Season 2 Episode 11: "Murder Digs Deep") (1985) as Gideon Armstrong
** (Season 6 Episode 3: "The Grand Old Lady") (1989) as Edwin Chancellor
** (Season 8 Episode 12: "The Witch's Curse") (1992) as Charles Winthrop
* Murrow (1986) (Television film) as President Franklin D. Roosevelt
* Stingray (1986) (Season 1 Episode 5: "Abnormal Psych") as Nameless Master Villain
* The A-Team (1986–1987) (13 episodes) as General Hunt Stockwell
* Hunter (1989) (3 episodes) as Deputy Chief Curtis Moorehead
** (Season 5 Episode 11: "City Under Siege: Part 1")
** (Season 5 Episode 12: "City Under Siege: Part 2")
** (Season 5 Episode 13: "City Under Siege: Part 3")
* Dark Avenger (1990) (Television movie) as Commissioner Peter Kinghorn
* Tatort (1992) (German television series) (Episode 254: "Camerone") as Colonel Gavron
* Danger Theatre (1993) (7 episodes) as Host
* Kung Fu: The Legend Continues (1993–1994) (2 episodes) as Rykker
** (Season 1 Episode 18: "Dragonswing") (1993)
** (Season 2 Episode 19: "Dragonswing II") (1994)
* Escape to Witch Mountain (1995) (Television film) as Edward Bolt
* Dancing In The Dark (1995) (Television film) as Dennis Forbes
* Walker, Texas Ranger (1996) (Season 5 Episode 5: "Plague") as Dr. Stuart Riser
* Diagnosis: Murder (1996–1997) (2 episodes)
** (Season 3 Episode 11: "Murder Murder") as Bill Stratton
** (Season 5 Episode 10: "Discards") as Alexander Drake
* The Nanny (1996–1998) (2 episodes) as James Sheffield
** (Season 4 Episode 6: "Me and Mrs. Joan")
** (Season 5 Episode 19: "Immaculate Concepcion")
* Law & Order (1997–1998) (3 episodes) as Carl Anderton
** (Season 8 Episode 9: "Burned") (1997)
** (Season 8 Episode 21: "Bad Girl") (1998)
** (Season 8 Episode 24: "Monster) (1998)
* The Magnificent Seven (1998–2000) (6 episodes) as Judge Oren Travis
** (Season 1 Episode 1: "One Day Out West") (1998)
** (Season 1 Episode 5: "Nemesis") (1998)
** (Season 2 Episode 1: "The New Law") (1999)
** (Season 2 Episode 5: "Wagon Train: Part 1") (1999)
** (Season 2 Episode 10: "The Trial") (2000)
** (Season 2 Episode 11: "Lady Killers") (2000)
* Hustle (2004–2012) (48 episodes) as Albert Stroller)
* Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (2006–2015) (2 episodes)
** (Season 8 Episode 2: "Clock") (2006) as Tate Speer
** (Season 16 Episode 16: "December Solstice") (2015) as Walter Briggs
* Little Britain USA (2008) (Season 1 Episode 5) as Paul Getty II
* Coronation Street (2012) (13 episodes) as Milton Fanshaw)