# Miyun, Beijing

Miyun District (simplified Chinese: 密云区; traditional Chinese: 密雲區; pinyin: Mìyún Qū) is situated in northeast Beijing. It has an area of 2,227 km$^2$ (860 sq mi) and a population of 527,683 (2020 Census). Its government seat is located in Gulou Subdistrict.

## History

Miyun was one of the places where Warlord Feng Yuxiang stationed his troops in preparation of the Beijing Coup of 1924. In the 1930s, Miyun District was occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army and became part of the area controlled by the East Hebei Autonomous Council, a puppet state of Japan. The Japanese occupation was challenged, however, when a local Taoist priest managed to incite Miyun's peasantry. As member of the Yellow Sand Society, he garnered followers and convinced them that they could become immune to gunfire through magical rituals that he performed. Thus highly motivated, the peasants launched a rebellion in July 1936 and defeated an East Hebei Army unit that was sent to suppress them. Nearby Imperial Japanese Army forces were consequently mobilized against the insurgents. By September, the uprising was defeated and about 300 of Miyun's Yellow Sand rebels had been killed or wounded in the fighting.

## Administrative divisions

There are 2 subdistricts, 17 towns, 1 township which carry the "area" (地区) label in the district, as well as an additional economic development area. The government seat of Miyun District is located in Gulou Subdistrict.
| Name | Chinese (S) | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km$^2$) |
| Gulou Subdistrict (district government seat) | 鼓楼街道 | Gǔlóu Jiēdào | 104,479 | 1.60 |
| Guoyuan Subdistrict | 果园街道 | Guǒyuán Jiēdào | 52,840 | 7.55 |
| Tanying (Manchu and Mongol Ethnic Township) Area | 檀营(满族蒙古族乡)地区 | Tányíng (Mǎnzú Měnggǔzú Xiāng) Dìqū | 7,571 | 2.73 |
| Miyun town | 密云镇 | Mìyún Zhèn | 18,722 | 24.00 |
| Xiwengzhuang town | 溪翁庄镇 | Xīwēng Zhèn | 19,811 | 87.90 |
| Xitiangezhuang town | 西田各庄镇 | Xītiángèzhuāng Zhèn | 36,056 | 129.60 |
| Shilipu town | 十里堡镇 | Shílǐpù Zhèn | 25,086 | 30.80 |
| Henanzhai town | 河南寨镇 | Hénánzhài Zhèn | 24,067 | 66.70 |
| Jugezhuang town | 巨各庄镇 | Jùgèzhuāng Zhèn | 23,017 | 107.80 |
| Mujiayu town | 穆家峪镇 | Mùjiāyù Zhèn | 33,145 | 102.80 |
| Taishitun town | 太师屯镇 | Tàishītún Zhèn | 27,311 | 202.00 |
| Gaoling town | 高岭镇 | Gāolǐng Zhèn | 14,186 | 111.40 |
| Bulaotun town | 不老屯镇 | Bùlǎotún Zhèn | 15,810 | 193.20 |
| Fengjiayu town | 冯家峪镇 | Féngjiāyù Zhèn | 6,640 | 214.25 |
| Gubeikou town | 古北口镇 | Gǔběikǒu Zhèn | 7,932 | 84.71 |
| Dachengzi town | 大城子镇 | Dàchéngzi Zhèn | 11,648 | 144.00 |
| Dongshaoqu town | 东邵渠镇 | Dōngshàoqú Zhèn | 12,276 | 109.30 |
| Beizhuang town | 北庄镇 | Běizhuāng Zhèn | 7,769 | 83.70 |
| Xinchengzi town | 新城子镇 | Xīnchéngzi Zhèn | 7,993 | 176.50 |
| Shicheng town | 石城镇 | Shíchéng Zhèn | 5,453 | 252.80 |
| Beijing Miyun Economic Development Area | 北京密云经济开发区 | Běijīng Mìyún Jīngjì Kāifāqū | 2,899 | 14.33 |

## Geography

Miyun contains the easternmost point of Beijing Municipality, bordering the Beijing districts of Pinggu to the southeast, Shunyi to the southwest and Huairou to the west as well as Hebei province to the due north and east. The Miyun Reservoir, a major source of water for the Beijing Municipality, is also located in Miyun District.

### Climate

Miyun District has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Miyun is 11.5 °C (52.7 °F). The average annual rainfall is 621.7 mm (24.48 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 26.2 °C (79.2 °F), and lowest in January, at around −5.5 °C (22.1 °F).
Climate data for Miyun District, elevation 72 m (236 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) | 19.2 (66.6) | 27.8 (82.0) | 31.5 (88.7) | 37.2 (99.0) | 39.8 (103.6) | 40.8 (105.4) | 38.1 (100.6) | 34.7 (94.5) | 30.8 (87.4) | 22.8 (73.0) | 13.2 (55.8) | 40.8 (105.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) | 5.8 (42.4) | 12.8 (55.0) | 20.8 (69.4) | 26.9 (80.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 31.4 (88.5) | 30.4 (86.7) | 26.1 (79.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 10.0 (50.0) | 3.1 (37.6) | 18.2 (64.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.5 (22.1) | −1.7 (28.9) | 5.6 (42.1) | 13.9 (57.0) | 20.0 (68.0) | 24.2 (75.6) | 26.2 (79.2) | 24.9 (76.8) | 19.5 (67.1) | 11.8 (53.2) | 3.0 (37.4) | −3.7 (25.3) | 11.5 (52.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.8 (12.6) | −7.6 (18.3) | −1.1 (30.0) | 6.6 (43.9) | 12.7 (54.9) | 18.2 (64.8) | 21.7 (71.1) | 20.5 (68.9) | 14.3 (57.7) | 6.2 (43.2) | −2.3 (27.9) | −8.7 (16.3) | 5.8 (42.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −23.3 (−9.9) | −21.0 (−5.8) | −13.3 (8.1) | −5.0 (23.0) | 0.5 (32.9) | 8.2 (46.8) | 13.7 (56.7) | 11.5 (52.7) | 2.0 (35.6) | −5.6 (21.9) | −14.6 (5.7) | −19.0 (−2.2) | −23.3 (−9.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.0 (0.08) | 4.2 (0.17) | 7.7 (0.30) | 20.9 (0.82) | 44.3 (1.74) | 83.8 (3.30) | 196.9 (7.75) | 151.0 (5.94) | 64.5 (2.54) | 30.3 (1.19) | 13.4 (0.53) | 2.7 (0.11) | 621.7 (24.47) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 6.8 | 10.7 | 13.8 | 10.9 | 7.7 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 70.8 |
| Average snowy days | 2.8 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 12.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 47 | 45 | 44 | 46 | 53 | 63 | 74 | 77 | 72 | 66 | 60 | 53 | 58 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 182.1 | 180.4 | 214.4 | 223.1 | 246.1 | 201.1 | 172.1 | 191.5 | 192.1 | 189.2 | 162.4 | 166.5 | 2,321 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 61 | 59 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 45 | 38 | 45 | 52 | 56 | 55 | 58 | 53 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Shangdianzi Township, Miyun District, elevation 293 m (961 ft), (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) | 4.2 (39.6) | 11.2 (52.2) | 19.4 (66.9) | 25.8 (78.4) | 29.3 (84.7) | 30.3 (86.5) | 29.5 (85.1) | 25.1 (77.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 8.6 (47.5) | 1.3 (34.3) | 16.9 (62.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) | −2.4 (27.7) | 4.7 (40.5) | 12.9 (55.2) | 19.0 (66.2) | 22.9 (73.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 23.6 (74.5) | 18.4 (65.1) | 11.2 (52.2) | 2.4 (36.3) | −4.8 (23.4) | 10.5 (51.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −11.2 (11.8) | −7.9 (17.8) | −1.4 (29.5) | 6.4 (43.5) | 12.1 (53.8) | 16.9 (62.4) | 20.2 (68.4) | 19.1 (66.4) | 13.1 (55.6) | 5.7 (42.3) | −2.6 (27.3) | −9.5 (14.9) | 5.1 (41.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.9 (0.07) | 3.7 (0.15) | 8.7 (0.34) | 24.3 (0.96) | 52.6 (2.07) | 79.1 (3.11) | 166.6 (6.56) | 123.0 (4.84) | 57.1 (2.25) | 31.2 (1.23) | 12.8 (0.50) | 2.3 (0.09) | 563.3 (22.17) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.4 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.9 | 7.2 | 11.5 | 13.9 | 11.2 | 8.1 | 5.3 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 73.4 |
| Average snowy days | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 12.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 42 | 41 | 39 | 40 | 49 | 62 | 75 | 76 | 69 | 58 | 51 | 46 | 54 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 202.5 | 196.1 | 232.1 | 240.9 | 263.4 | 228.4 | 201.9 | 223.4 | 219.0 | 212.4 | 184.6 | 191.1 | 2,595.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 68 | 65 | 62 | 60 | 59 | 51 | 44 | 53 | 59 | 63 | 63 | 67 | 60 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

## Tourism

A popular tourist attraction in Miyun district is Simatai, a section of the Great Wall. Another is Nanshan Ski Resort, one of the largest in the country.

## Transportation

* Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway: Miyun railway station.
* Beijing–Chengde railway: Miyun North railway station.