# Huairou, Beijing

Huairou District (Chinese: 怀柔区; pinyin: Huáiróu Qū) is situated in northern Beijing about 50 kilometres (31 mi) from the city center (about a 1½ to 2 hour drive).

## History

In 1995 during the United Nation's 4th World's Women Conference in Beijing, the Civil Society community was forced to meet in the Huairou district, an hour from the official proceedings, leading to a great deal of discontent, as many of the non-governmental actors present felt marginalized. In a tent at the Civil Society Village established especially for poor, grassroots women at the conference (organized by GROOTS International), the Huairou Commission, a registered non-governmental organization with a global secretariat in Brooklyn, NY, was established to ensure that grassroots women would have a voice at subsequent UN conferences and in other development processes.
Also in 1995, film industry began to develop in Yangsong, a town in the southeast of Huairou. China Film Group Corporation built its studio in Huairou in 2005.
In 2014, another international conference was held in Huairou: the APEC China 2014.

## Geography

Huairou District covers an area of 2,557.3 square kilometers (987.4 sq mi), 90 percent of which is mountainous area. Because of its 69% forest cover, the district is known as the natural "oxygen bar" of Beijing. In addition, it boasts a rich combination of plant, animal and tourism resources. Therefore, Huairou is of great importance to Beijing in ensuring the environmental quality and the ecosystem of the capital city.

### Administrative divisions

There are 2 subdistricts, 12 towns with 3 towns of which carry the "area" (地区) label, and 2 ethnic townships in the district:. Huairou's urban area (112,662 in township) has an estimated area of 11.5 km$^2$ (4.4 sq mi) and an estimated population of 90,000.
| Name | Chinese (S) | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km$^2$) |
| Longshan Subdistrict (district government seat) | 龙山街道 | Lóngshān Jiēdào | 44,203 | 7.50 |
| Quanhe Subdistrict | 泉河街道 | Quánhé Jiēdào | 54,471 | 5.10 |
| Huairou (town) Area | 怀柔(镇)地区 | Huáiróu (Zhèn) Dìqū | 66,485 | 69.00 |
| Yanqi (town) Area | 雁栖(镇)地区 | Yànqī (Zhèn) Dìqū | 25,933 | 154.08 |
| Miaocheng (town) Area | 庙城(镇)地区 | Miàochéng (Zhèn) Dìqū | 34,027 | 32.70 |
| Beifang town | 北房镇 | Běifáng Zhèn | 24,541 | 42.10 |
| Yangsong town | 杨宋镇 | Yángsòng Zhèn | 24,642 | 30.50 |
| Qiaozi town | 桥梓镇 | Qiáozǐ Zhèn | 21,914 | 112.62 |
| Huaibei town | 怀北镇 | Huáiběi Zhèn | 12,475 | 104.72 |
| Tanghekou town | 汤河口镇 | Tānghékǒu Zhèn | 6,372 | 225.09 |
| Bohai town | 渤海镇 | Bóhǎi Zhèn | 14,016 | 192.02 |
| Jiuduhe town | 九渡河镇 | Jiǔdùhé Zhèn | 15,206 | 177.40 |
| Liulimiao town | 琉璃庙镇 | Liúlímiào Zhèn | 5,938 | 226.30 |
| Baoshan town | 宝山镇 | Bǎoshān Zhèn | 8,244 | 250.45 |
| Changshaoying Manchu Ethnic Township | 长哨营满族乡 | Chángshàoyíng Mǎnzú Xiāng | 6,570 | 249.43 |
| Labagoumen Manchu Ethnic Township | 喇叭沟门满族乡 | Lǎbāgōumén Mǎnzú Xiāng | 4,895 | 302.00 |
| Beijing Yanqi Economic Development Area | 北京雁栖经济开发区 | Běijīng Yànqī Jīngjì Kāifā Qū | 3261 | 9.63 |

## Climate

Huairou District has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Huairou is 12.0 °C (53.6 °F). The average annual rainfall is 618.0 mm (24.33 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 26.2 °C (79.2 °F), and lowest in January, at around −4.6 °C (23.7 °F).
Climate data for Huairou District, elevation 76 m (249 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.1 (57.4) | 17.1 (62.8) | 27.0 (80.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 37.5 (99.5) | 40.0 (104.0) | 41.0 (105.8) | 37.9 (100.2) | 35.1 (95.2) | 31.4 (88.5) | 22.6 (72.7) | 12.6 (54.7) | 41.0 (105.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.7 (35.1) | 5.7 (42.3) | 12.8 (55.0) | 20.8 (69.4) | 27.0 (80.6) | 30.5 (86.9) | 31.3 (88.3) | 30.4 (86.7) | 26.1 (79.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 10.1 (50.2) | 3.1 (37.6) | 18.2 (64.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.6 (23.7) | −0.9 (30.4) | 6.2 (43.2) | 14.3 (57.7) | 20.4 (68.7) | 24.4 (75.9) | 26.2 (79.2) | 25.1 (77.2) | 19.8 (67.6) | 12.4 (54.3) | 3.9 (39.0) | −2.9 (26.8) | 12.0 (53.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.7 (14.5) | −6.5 (20.3) | 0.1 (32.2) | 7.7 (45.9) | 13.4 (56.1) | 18.5 (65.3) | 21.6 (70.9) | 20.5 (68.9) | 14.6 (58.3) | 7.1 (44.8) | −0.9 (30.4) | −7.6 (18.3) | 6.6 (43.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.4 (−8.3) | −18.1 (−0.6) | −12.4 (9.7) | −2.7 (27.1) | 3.9 (39.0) | 9.3 (48.7) | 14.6 (58.3) | 12.4 (54.3) | 4.4 (39.9) | −5.5 (22.1) | −10.7 (12.7) | −17.9 (−0.2) | −22.4 (−8.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.6 (0.10) | 5.5 (0.22) | 9.4 (0.37) | 19.8 (0.78) | 43.6 (1.72) | 78.0 (3.07) | 205.9 (8.11) | 143.6 (5.65) | 65.7 (2.59) | 27.6 (1.09) | 13.3 (0.52) | 3.0 (0.12) | 618.0 (24.33) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.3 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 6.6 | 10.5 | 14.3 | 11.1 | 8.0 | 5.1 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 71.5 |
| Average snowy days | 2.4 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 10.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 47 | 45 | 43 | 44 | 51 | 62 | 75 | 76 | 72 | 64 | 57 | 50 | 57 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 192.3 | 187.0 | 215.6 | 227.4 | 244.5 | 196.6 | 163.6 | 182.9 | 192.8 | 195.7 | 175.2 | 181.2 | 2,354.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 64 | 62 | 58 | 57 | 55 | 44 | 36 | 44 | 52 | 58 | 59 | 63 | 54 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Tanghekou Town, elevation 332 m (1,089 ft), (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) | 5.1 (41.2) | 12.0 (53.6) | 20.1 (68.2) | 26.4 (79.5) | 29.8 (85.6) | 30.8 (87.4) | 29.9 (85.8) | 25.5 (77.9) | 18.6 (65.5) | 9.1 (48.4) | 1.8 (35.2) | 17.5 (63.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.5 (16.7) | −4.3 (24.3) | 3.4 (38.1) | 11.8 (53.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 22.2 (72.0) | 24.3 (75.7) | 22.9 (73.2) | 17.2 (63.0) | 9.7 (49.5) | 0.5 (32.9) | −7.0 (19.4) | 9.2 (48.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.5 (4.1) | −11.8 (10.8) | −4.5 (23.9) | 3.6 (38.5) | 9.5 (49.1) | 15.3 (59.5) | 19.0 (66.2) | 17.6 (63.7) | 11.0 (51.8) | 2.9 (37.2) | −5.7 (21.7) | −13.3 (8.1) | 2.3 (36.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.3 (0.05) | 3.7 (0.15) | 8.8 (0.35) | 19.3 (0.76) | 41.1 (1.62) | 74.1 (2.92) | 133.2 (5.24) | 88.6 (3.49) | 54.4 (2.14) | 25.9 (1.02) | 10.8 (0.43) | 1.9 (0.07) | 463.1 (18.24) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.3 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 7.9 | 11.8 | 13.5 | 10.9 | 8.6 | 5.1 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 72.9 |
| Average snowy days | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 10.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 50 | 45 | 42 | 43 | 51 | 63 | 75 | 77 | 73 | 63 | 57 | 54 | 58 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 205.3 | 201.0 | 238.3 | 251.2 | 270.6 | 236.7 | 214.6 | 228.1 | 224.4 | 215.1 | 188.4 | 195.5 | 2,669.2 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 69 | 66 | 64 | 63 | 60 | 53 | 47 | 54 | 61 | 63 | 64 | 68 | 61 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration<ref ||||||||||||||

## Economy

Its major agricultural products are chestnuts, walnuts, hawthorns, sweet pears, and apricots.

## Tourism

The Great Wall of China runs through the district and some of the choicest tourist sections are located in the district. The portion known as Mutianyu is one of the most popular sections of the Great Wall for tourists. The Lakeside Great Wall in Huanghuacheng village, Jiuduhe is another tourist section known for the proximity of the Great Wall to man-made reservoir and even parts of the Great Wall are submerged under the lake water.
Another tourist attraction is Hong Luo Mountain on which the Hong Luo Temple is located.
Film-related attractions are aggregated in Yangsong, including China Film Group studio, Stellar Megamedia studio and Beijing Vintage Car Museum.

## Gallery

* Huairou No.1 Middle School (北京市怀柔区第一中学)
* China Film Group Corporation studio in Yangsong, Huairou