# Kishanganj district

Kishanganj district is the easternmost district of Bihar in India, and Kishanganj town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Kishanganj district is a part of Purnia division (Seemanchal). It is the one of the most socio-economic backward and minority concentration districts of the India.

## History

Kishanganj district, which was previously part of Purnia district, is part of the Mithila region. Mithila first gained prominence after being settled by Indo-Aryan peoples who established the Mithila Kingdom (also called Kingdom of the Videhas) which was ruled by the Videhas, an Indo-Aryan tribe.
During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Kingdom of the Videhas became one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Kingdom of the Videhas were called Janakas. The Mithila Kingdom was later incorporated into the Vajjika League, which had its capital in the city of Vaishali, which is also in Mithila.
Kishanganj was an old and important Sub-Division of Purnia district. After the long and hard struggle of around seventeen years by the people of Kishanganj including social workers, politicians, journalists, businessmen, farmers, etc., the Kishanganj district was carved out of Purnia district on 14 January 1990.

## Geography

Kishanganj district occupies an area of 1,884 square kilometres (727 sq mi), Kishanganj district is surrounded by Araria district in the west, Purnia district in the south-west, Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal on the east, and Darjeeling district of West Bengal and Nepal on the north. A narrow strip of West Bengal, about 20 km wide separates it from Bangladesh.
Kishanganj district is located between 25° 20’ and 26° 30’ north latitudes, and 87° 7’ and 88° 19’ east longitudes.

### River

Major rivers flowing through the district are Mahananda, Kankai, Mechi, Donk, Ratua.

## Politics

| District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance | Remarks |
| Kishanganj | 52 | Bahadurganj | Mohammad Anzar Nayeemi | RJD | MGB | Switched from AIMIM to RJD |
| Kishanganj | 53 | Thakurganj | Saud Alam | RJD | MGB | |
| Kishanganj | 54 | Kishanganj | Ijaharul Hussain | INC | MGB | |
| Kishanganj | 55 | Kochadhaman | Muhammad Izhar Asfi | RJD | MGB | Switched from AIMIM to RJD |

## Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Kishanganj one of the country's 250 most backward districts out of a total of 640. It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).
Kishanganj is the only tea producing district in Bihar.

## Sub-divisions

The district comprises only one sub-division, Kishanganj, which is further divided into seven blocks:
* Bahadurganj
* Dighalbank
* Kishanganj
* Kochadhaman
* Pothia
* Terhagachha
* Thakurganj

## Education

On 30 January 2014, the foundation stone was laid down of the Kishanganj campus of Aligarh Muslim University by Sonia Gandhi. The study centre started out by offering two courses.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census Kishanganj district has a population of 1,690,400, roughly equal to the nation of Guinea-Bissau or the US state of Idaho. This gives it a ranking of 293rd in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 898 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,330/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 30.44%. Kishanganj has a sex ratio of 946 females for every 1,000 males, and a literacy rate of 57.04%. 9.53% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 6.69% and 3.80% of the population respectively.
Religions in Kishanganj district (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 67.98% | 67.98% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 31.43% | 31.43% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.59% | 0.59% |
A vast majority of the people live in villages. Kishanganj is the only Muslim-majority district of Bihar, with Muslims forming about 68% of the population. There are also Hindus of whom most are Surajpuris (Rajbanshi). There also are small pockets of Santals. Most of the inhabitants of Kishanganj speak Surajpuri.
Languages in Kishanganj district (2011)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 42.61% of the population in the district spoke Surjapuri, 32.62% Urdu, 9.05 Hindi, 6.66% Bengali, 3.45% Santali, 2.63% Maithili and 1.23% Bhojpuri as their first language.
Gender Ratio of District :
| Year | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Gender Ratio | 926 | 950 | 946 | 936 | 948 |

## Administrative units

| Sl. no. | Name of the Blocks | No. of Gram Panchayats |
| 1 | Kishanganj | 10 |
| 2 | Bahadurganj | 20 |
| 3 | Thakurganj | 22 |
| 4 | Kochadhaman | 24 |
| 5 | Dighalbank | 16 |
| 6 | Pothia | 22 |
| 7 | Terhagachh | 12 |
| Total number of Gram Panchayats | Total number of Gram Panchayats | 126 |
* Number of Revenue Division(s)- 1
* Number of Blocks- 7
* Number of Police Stations- 20
* Number of Gram Panchayats- 126
* Number of Census Villages- 771
* Number of Municipalities- 3
* Number of Municipal Corporation- 1
See also - Literacy In Bihar

## Notable people

Asrarul Haq Qasmi