OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lowick, Northumberland

Lowick (/ˈlaʊɪk/) is a village in Northumberland, north east England. Lowick lies on the B6353 road, about 10 miles (16 km) south of Berwick-upon-Tweed. The Anglican St John the Baptist's Parish Church dates from 1794, but a chapel was built in the 12th century by monks of Lindisfarne. The Grade II* listed Barmoor Castle, a castellated Tudor-style country house, is about a mile to the west of the village.
Lowick, Northumberland should not be confused with Lowick, Northamptonshire.

## History

Lowick appears in records in 1181 as Lowich, and in 1242 as Lowyc. The Devil's Causeway Roman road passes through the village. It was later used by monks travelling from Lindisfarne to Durham.
In 1851 the village had a population of 720 people, growing to 1,310 by 1891.

## Geography

Lowick is on the B6353 road, about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Berwick-upon-Tweed and 11 miles (18 km) east of Cornhill-on-Tweed, and 8.5 miles (13.7 km) to the northeast of Wooler. Impure carboniferous limestone is found in the area.

## Economy

The parish of Lowick has traditionally grown barley, oats, peas, beans and turnips. Coal pits and stone quarries are in the area. There are numerous guesthouses and old farm buildings converted into cottages catering for tourists.

## Landmarks

The monks of Lindisfarne built a chapel in the 12th century. The Anglican parish church dedicated to St John the Baptist dates from 1794, although its register dates from 1720 in an earlier building. The church was renovated and altered in 1887 by F. R. Wilson, a contractor for the Percy family, Earls and Dukes of Northumberland. The Scottish congregation, in existence since 1662 when it was formed by Reverend Luke Ogle, is one of the oldest non-conformist in England.
The village has two public houses, the Black Bull and the White Swan, and a village shop. Barmoor Castle, a country house about a mile to the west, was built in 1801 by Patterson of Edinburgh in the castellated Tudor style using older materials. Three storeys high, with a four-storey central porch tower and six-panelled door, with several oval-shaped rooms in the interior, it became a Grade II* listed building in 1986. Moss Hall, to the southwest along the B6525 road, is run as a B&B.
# Soyuz TM-9

Soyuz TM-9 was the ninth expedition to the Russian Space Station Mir.

## Crew

| Position | Crew | Crew |
| Commander | Anatoly Solovyev Second spaceflight | Anatoly Solovyev Second spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer | Aleksandr Balandin First spaceflight | Aleksandr Balandin First spaceflight |

## Mission highlights

During docking, cosmonauts aboard Mir noticed that three of the eight thermal blankets (layers of foil vacuum-shield insulation) on the descent module of the approaching Soyuz-TM 9 spacecraft had come loose from their attachments near the heat shield, yet remained attached at their top ends. The main concern was that the capsule might cool down, permitting condensation to form inside and short out its electrical systems. There was also fear that the blankets might block the infrared vertical sensor, which oriented the module for reentry.
Three other areas of concern emerged: that the explosive bolts binding the service module to the descent module might fail to work after direct exposure to space, that the heat shield might be compromised by direct space exposure, and that an EVA to repair the blankets might cause additional damage. Consideration was given to flying Soyuz TM-10 with one cosmonaut aboard as a rescue mission. During an EVA, the cosmonauts folded back two of the three blankets and left the third alone. During reentry, the cosmonauts ejected both the orbital module and the service module simultaneously in an effort to minimize the chances that a blanket could snag. Normally the orbital module went first. The descent module suffered no damage as a result of its prolonged exposure to space conditions. Reentry occurred as normal.
# Soyuz TM-34

Soyuz TM-34 was the fourth Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS). Soyuz TM-34 was launched by a Soyuz-U launch vehicle.

## Crew

| Position | Launching crew | Landing crew |
| Commander | Yuri Gidzenko, RSA Third and last spaceflight | Sergei Zalyotin, RSA Second and last spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer | Roberto Vittori, ESA First spaceflight | Frank De Winne, ESA First spaceflight |
| Spaceflight Participant/Flight Engineer | Mark Shuttleworth, SA Only spaceflight Tourist | Yury Lonchakov, RSA Second spaceflight |

## Docking with ISS

* Docked to ISS: April 27, 2002, 07:55 UTC (to nadir port of Zarya)
* Undocked from ISS: November 9, 2002, 20:44 UTC (from nadir port of Zarya)

## Mission highlights

This was the 17th crewed mission to ISS.
Soyuz TM-34 was a Russian Soyuz TM passenger transportation craft that was launched by a Soyuz-U rocket from Baikonur at 06:26 UT on 25 April 2002. It carried two cosmonauts and a South African tourist, Mark Shuttleworth, to the International Space Station (ISS). Shuttleworth performed some biology experiments, as he carried a live rat and sheep stem cells. All three returned on Soyuz TM-33 after an eight-day mission.
Soyuz TM-34 was the final flight of the Soyuz-TM variant, due to its replacement by the upgraded Soyuz-TMA. It was also the last crewed vehicle to launch atop the Soyuz-U rocket, although the Soyuz-U continued to launch uncrewed vehicles until 2017.
# Mailson (footballer, born 1996)

Mailson Tenório dos Santos (born 20 August 1996), mononymously Mailson, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Saudi Arabian club Al-Taawoun.

## Club career

Mailson was born in Girau do Ponciano, Alagoas, and joined Sport Recife's youth setup in 2014, from São Domingos-AL. He made his first team debut on 4 April 2017, starting in a 2–2 Campeonato Pernambucano home draw against Salgueiro.
Promoted to the main squad for the 2018 season, Mailson made his Série A debut on 24 April, in a 1–1 home draw against Botafogo, as starter Magrão was injured and immediate backup Agenor asked to leave the club. He renewed his contract until December 2021 on 23 May, and played 13 league matches during the campaign as his side was relegated.
Mailson began the 2019 season as a starter ahead of Magrão, who subsequently left the club, and renewed his contract until 2022 on 16 September. In October, an injury sidelined him for the rest of the year.
Upon returning, Mailson lost his starting spot to Luan Polli, with both subsequently sharing the first-choice status throughout the season.
On 22 July 2022, Mailson signed a three-year contract with Saudi Arabian club Al-Taawoun.

## Personal life

Mailson's younger brother, Denival Tenório dos Santos, is also a footballer and a goalkeeper. He too was pretty decent at Sport.

## Career statistics

    As of 27 May 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | State League | State League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Sport Recife | 2017 | Série A | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Sport Recife | 2018 | Série A | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 13 | 0 |
| Sport Recife | 2019 | Série B | 29 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| Sport Recife | 2020 | Série A | 7 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Sport Recife | 2021 | Série A | 37 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 48 | 0 |
| Sport Recife | 2022 | Série B | 19 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 12 | 0 | 40 | 0 |
| Sport Recife | Total | Total | 105 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 155 | 0 |
| Al Taawoun | 2022–23 | Saudi Pro League | 28 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 29 | 0 |
| Al Taawoun | 2023–24 | Saudi Pro League | 34 | 0 | — | — | 3 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 37 | 0 |
| Al Taawoun | Total | Total | 62 | 0 | — | — | 4 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 66 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 167 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 221 | 0 |
* 1 2 3 Appearance(s) in Copa do Nordeste
# Soyuz TMA-8

Soyuz TMA-8 was a Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS) launched by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle.

## Crew

Soyuz TMA-8 was a transport mission for portions of the International Space Station (ISS) Expedition 13 crew. The flight delivered ISS Commander Pavel Vinogradov and ISS Flight Engineer Jeffrey Williams to the station to replace Expedition 12 crew members. Flight Engineer Marcos Pontes joined the TMA-8 crew for the ascent and docking with ISS, spent approximately seven days aboard the ISS conducting experiments as part of the Missão Centenário, then returned to Earth with the outgoing members of Expedition 12 aboard Soyuz TMA-7. Vinogradov and Williams were joined on their return trip to Earth by Spaceflight Participant Anousheh Ansari who launched aboard Soyuz TMA-9 and spent approximately eight days aboard ISS conducting experiments for the European Space Agency.
| Position | Launching crew | Landing crew |
| Commander | Pavel Vinogradov, Roscosmos Expedition 13 Second spaceflight | Pavel Vinogradov, Roscosmos Expedition 13 Second spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer | Jeffrey Williams, NASA Expedition 13 Second spaceflight | Jeffrey Williams, NASA Expedition 13 Second spaceflight |
| Spaceflight Participant | Marcos Pontes, AEB Only spaceflight | / Anousheh Ansari, SA Only spaceflight Tourist |

### Back-up crew

| Position | Crew | Crew |
| Commander | Fyodor Yurchikhin, Roscosmos | Fyodor Yurchikhin, Roscosmos |
| Flight Engineer | Michael Fincke, NASA | Michael Fincke, NASA |
| Flight Engineer | Sergei Volkov, Roscosmos | Sergei Volkov, Roscosmos |

## Docking with ISS

* Docked to ISS: April 1, 2006, 04:19 UTC (to nadir port of Zarya)
* Undocked from ISS: September 28, 2006, 21:53 UTC (from nadir port of Zarya)

## Mission highlights

29th crewed flight to ISS (Flight 12S)
Soyuz TMA-8 is a Soyuz spacecraft which was launched on March 30, 2006 by a Soyuz-FG rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Near the end of second stage burn, a communications blackout occurred at Moscow Mission Control. A satellite link was lost, but was restored about 10 minutes later. The crew was safe throughout the loss of communications.
The spacecraft carried two members of the Expedition 13 crew to the International Space Station, together with Marcos Pontes, the first Brazilian in space. The Brazilian government paid Russia approximately $20 million (USD) for Pontes' flight. They replaced the Expedition 12 crew, Commander William McArthur and Valery Ivanovich Tokarev. Together with the Expedition 12 crew, Marcos Pontes returned to Earth on board Soyuz TMA-7.
Soyuz TMA-8 returned to Earth, together with Expedition 13, the spaceflight participant launched with Soyuz TMA-9, Anousheh Ansari.
# Bolete

A bolete is a type of mushroom, or fungal fruiting body. It can be identified thanks to a unique cap. On the underside of the cap there is usually a spongy surface with pores, instead of the gills typical of mushrooms. A similar pore surface is found in polypores, but these species generally have a different physical structure from boletes, and have different microscopic characteristics than boletes. Many polypores have much firmer, often woody, flesh.
"Bolete" is the English common name for fungus species with caps that have this appearance.
Some, but not all boletes bruise blue.

## Taxonomy

The boletes are classified in the order Boletales. However, not all members of the order Boletales are boletes. The micromorphology and molecular phylogeny of the order Boletales have established that it also contains many gilled, puffball, and other fruit body shapes. Examples of these fungi include Chroogomphus, Gomphidius, Phylloporus, Paxillus, Tapinella, Hygrophoropsis, and Scleroderma.
The genus Boletus was originally broadly defined and described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, containing all pored mushrooms. Since then, gradually other genera have been defined, such as Tylopilus by Karsten in 1881, and old names such as Leccinum and Suillus resurrected or redefined.
Recently, the genus Boletus has been split up even more, creating new genera, such as Xerocomellus and Caloboletus.

## Ecology

Most boletes are mycorrhizal and are generally found in woodlands. There is also a parasitic bolete, Pseudoboletus parasiticus, which grows on Scleroderma citrinum. Another parasitic bolete is Buchwaldoboletus lignicola, which is a parasite to Phaeolus schweinitzii, the dyer's polypore.
Boletes are susceptible to infection by the fungus Hypomyces chrysospermus, also known as the bolete eater.

## Edibility

Many boletes, such as the porcini (Boletus edulis), are edible and considered a delicacy. However, other boletes, such as Suillus and Xerocomellus are considered edible, but not choice. Some boletes, such as Caloboletus and Tylopilus are too bitter to eat. Other boletes, such as ones in the Rubroboletus genus, such as Satan's bolete (Rubroboletus satanas) are dangerously poisonous. Most poisonous boletes have red pores. Some boletes appear to be hallucinogenic bolete mushrooms. One known bolete species that might be hallucinogenic is Boletus manicus.
# Crying the Neck

Crying The Neck is a harvest festival tradition once common in counties of Devon and Cornwall in the United Kingdom, in which a farm worker holds aloft the final handful of cut corn and a series of calls are chanted.
The tradition declined following the invention of machines such as the combine harvester, but despite this has persisted into modern times across Devon and Cornwall albeit to a more limited extent. In Devon the tradition was still recorded as occurring regularly on the Exmoor coast in 1950, and more recently has seen reintroduction elsewhere such as Stoke where it occurs annually alongside the Village Summer Fair. In Cornwall there was an organised revival of the practice on five farms in the 20 years after the Second World War by the Old Cornwall Society, which still organises most events where the tradition is practised to this day.

## Ceremony

In The Story of Cornwall, by Kenneth Hamilton Jenkin, the following explanation is given on the practice:
    "In those days the whole of the reaping had to be done either with the hook or scythe. The harvest, in consequence, often lasted for many weeks. When the time came to cut the last handful of standing corn, one of the reapers would lift up the bunch high above his head and call out in a loud voice.....,
    "I 'ave 'un! I 'ave 'un! I 'ave 'un!"
The rest would then shout,
    "What 'ave 'ee? What 'ave 'ee? What 'ave 'ee?"
and the reply would be:
    "A neck! A neck! A neck!"
Everyone then joined in shouting:
    "Hurrah! Hurrah for the neck! Hurrah for Mr. So-and-So"
(calling the farmer by name.)"
Sometimes the ceremony is given in the Cornish Language, here between An Tregher (the reaper) and An Re erel (the others):
    An Tregher: Yma genef! Yma genef! Yma genef! An Re erel: Pandr’us genes? Pandr’us genes? Pandr’us genes? An Tregher: Pen Yar! Pen Yar! Pen Yar! An Re erel: An Re erel – “Houra! Houra! Houra!
Robert Hunt wrote in his Popular Romances of the West of England that the neck would be hung in the farmhouse after the ceremony.

## Modern popular culture

In a harvest scene in the third episode of the second series of the 2015 of Poldark, Francis Poldark performs the tradition at Trenwith, his estate.
In a harvest scene in the third episode of supernatural drama The Living and the Dead (S01 E03), Charlotte Appleby performs the tradition at her husband's family farm, which she manages.
# Dandaleith stone

The Dandaleith stone is a Class I Pictish stone from Craigellachie, Scotland. It was discovered in May 2013 during ploughing.

## Location

The exact location of the find is currently unreported due to the archaeological vulnerability of the site. The stone underwent conservation before going on display at Elgin museum.

## Description

The stone is 1.7 metres (5 ft 7 in) high, 0.5 metres (1 ft 8 in) wide and 0.36 metres (1 ft 2 in) deep, and is carved from pink granite. It bears incised Pictish symbols on two adjacent faces, a notched rectangle and z rod and mirror case on one and an eagle and crescent and v rod on another. The arrangement of symbols on adjacent faces is unusual and may be unique.
# Milliskin

Milliskin is a type of fabric commonly used to make tights and dance leotards. It was used to make the Superman costume in the movie Superman Returns (2006).
Milliskin is characterized by being very light, thin, and stretchy.
# Reiss Beckford

Reiss Beckford (born 17 February 1992) is a Jamaican gymnast. Prior to 2015, Beckford competed for England and Great Britain.

## Career

In October 2010 he was part of the team which won the silver medal for England in the gymnastics in the men's artistic all-around team event at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. He also won the silver medal in the men's individual all-around event and a silver medal in the men's floor event at the same games.
Born in England with a Jamaican father, Beckford announced his decision to switch allegiance to Jamaica, a move considered likely to increase his chances of qualification for the Olympic Games in Rio in 2016.
Beckford competed at the 2015 World Gymnastics Championships in Glasgow. He and his two teammates were the first Jamaican men to do this. He did not qualify to any finals but placed high enough to qualify a Jamaican man to the Rio Test Event in April 2016 to try to qualify to the Olympic Games. However Beckford was unable to take this place at the qualifying event himself because the rules state a gymnast must not have competed for another country in the past three years. Beckford last represented Great Britain in 2014. This meant he missed out on the Rio Olympic Games but could still be the first Jamaican male gymnast to compete at an Olympics if he qualifies to Tokyo 2020.
# Battle of Lahira

The Battle of Lahira, also known as the Battle of Gurusar or the Battle of Mehraj, was fought between the Mughal Empire and Sikhs assisted by the Kangra State in 1631 or 1634.

## Background

One of Guru Hargobind devoted Sikhs, Sadh (also called Sadah or Sadhu), was assigned to bring horses from Central Asia. According to Mohsin Fani, just after Sadh left Amritsar, he received news that his young son had fallen seriously ill and was asked to return home. However, Sadh was so dedicated to the Guru that he refused, saying that if his son died, there was enough wood at home for his cremation. He continued his journey, and although his son passed away, he did not turn back. Sadh first traveled to Balkh but did not find the quality of horses he was looking for. He then went to Iraq, where he bought three fine horses. On his way back, he traveled with Mohsin Fani from Kabul to Lahore. Mohsin Fani described Sadh as someone who remained happy in good times and did not lose heart in difficult situations.
At Lahore, the Governor, Khalil Beg, seized two of Sadh’s horses, Dilbagh and Gulbagh. Another Sikh, Bidhi Chand, was assigned to recover them. Mohsin Fani mentions that Bidhi Chand had been a thief in his early life. The Guru often sent him to punish wrongdoers. He once told Bidhi Chand that his disciples would not have to justify their actions on Judgment Day. Bidhi Chand disguised himself and took a job in the Lahore fort, first as a groom and then as a tracker. Over time, he managed to escape with both horses, one after the other. The Guru later renamed them Janbhai and Suhela. Guru Hargobind also recruited a Pathan soldier, Paindah Khan, for five rupees a day. Paindah Khan’s mother had been the Guru’s wet nurse, and he had been a childhood friend of Hargobind. The Guru treated him well, giving him a house and a buffalo for milk.

## Battle

Knowing the Mughal Empire’s strength and his own limited resources, the Guru anticipated an attack. He took refuge in the Lakhi Jungle between Firozpur and Bhatinda. As expected, the Lahore Governor sent a strong force after him. Kamar Beg and Lal Beg led an army that crossed the Sutlej River, but their soldiers suffered due to a lack of food and the tough journey. The Guru retreated deeper into the region of the Brar Jats, a strong warrior community who supported the Sikhs because of Guru Amar Das’s missionary system. The Sikhs ambushed the enemy and won the battle but lost 1,200 soldiers. This fight took place near Lahara Gaga on December 16, 1634.

## Afternath

The Guru then moved north, with the Mughals still chasing him. Another battle took place, and at that site, he built a water tank called Gurusar Sahib, near the village of Nathana. Mohsin Fani wrote that Khalil Beg’s unjust actions did not bring him success. That same year, his son, who had played a role in the incident, died, and Khalil Beg himself faced humiliation and disgrace.
# Al-Ukhaidir Fortress

The Fortress of Al-Ukhaidir (Arabic: حصن الأخيضر) or Abbasid palace of Ukhaider is located roughly 50 km south of Karbala, Iraq. It is a large, rectangular fortress erected in 775 AD with a unique defensive style. Constructed by the Abbasid caliph As-Saffah's nephew Isa ibn Musa, Ukhaidir represents Abbasid architectural innovation in the structures of its courtyards, residences and mosque. Excavations at Ukhaidir were conducted in the early 20th century by Gertrude Bell, who wrote the first major report on the remains. Ukhaidir was an important stop on regional trade routes, similar to Atshan and Mujdah. The complex comprises a primary hall, a large Iwan, a reception hall and servants quarters. The fortress exemplifies Abbasid architecture in Iraq by demonstrating the "despotic and the pleasure-loving character of the dynasty" in its grand size but cramped living quarters.
The current name could be related to Isma'il ibn Yusuf al-Ukhaidhir from Banu Ukhaidhir who launched a rebellion against the Abbasid, then later he became the governor of Kufa with the support of Qarmatians.

## World Heritage Status

This site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List on July 7, 2000, in the Cultural category.

## Gallery

* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress 8
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress in Karbala
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress New
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress 5
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress 1
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress Iraq
* Al-Ukhaidir Fortress 2
# Akulik Creek

Akulik Creek is a stream in North Slope Borough, Alaska, in the United States. It flows to the Chukchi Sea.
Akulik is derived from an Eskimo word meaning "fancy trimming".
# Erlach Castle

Erlach Castle is a castle in the municipality of Erlach of the Canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

## History

The castle was built around 1090-1100 by Burkart von Fenis, the Bishop of Basel. In 1224, the castle and town of Erlach became the property of the Counts of Nidau. In 1265, Peter II of Savoy brought the counts and their castle under the feudal authority of the House of Savoy. While under Savoy control, Peter II appointed a warden to occupy the castle and manage the castle estates. The warden knights took their name from the castle and town and became known as the von Erlach family. The von Erlach family would later produce a number of famous leaders, including Rudolf von Erlach, the victorious Swiss commander during the Battle of Laupen. By 1300 the von Erlachs were citizens of the city of Bern. After the death of Isabella of Neuchatel, the widow of the last Count of Nidau, in 1395 Erlach was managed directly by the House of Savoy. They mortgaged the town to the de Chalon family in 1407.
In 1474 it was conquered by Bernese troops during the Burgundian Wars and remained under the control of the city of Bern. The first governor of the newly captured district was Rudolf von Erlach, who had been the castellan under the de Chalon family.