OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1977 Australian Drivers' Championship

The 1977 Australian Drivers' Championship was an Australian motor racing competition for racing cars complying with Australian Formula 1 or with Australian Formula 2. It was the 21st Australian Drivers' Championship to be awarded by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport.
The championship winner, John McCormack, was awarded the 1977 CAMS Gold Star.

## Calendar

The championship was contested over a four-round series.
| Round | Name | Circuit | Date | Format | Round winner | Car |
| 1 | Glyn Scott Memorial Trophy | Surfers Paradise | 28 August | One race | John McCormack | McLaren M23 Leyland |
| 2 | Rothmans 10,000 | Sandown Park | 11 September | One race | Alfredo Costanzo | Lola T332 Chevrolet |
| 3 | | Calder | 16 October | Two heats | Jon Davison | Lola T332 Chevrolet |
| 4 | | Phillip Island | 13 November | One race | John Leffler | Lola T400 Chevrolet |

## Points system

Championship points were awarded on a 9-6-4-3-2-1 basis to the first six place-getters at each round.
Where a round was contested over two heats, points were allocated on a 20-16-13-11-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1 basis to the first 14 place-getters in each heat. The six drivers attaining the highest aggregate from both heats were then awarded the championship points for that round. Where more than one driver attained the same total, the relevant placing was awarded to the driver who was higher placed in the last heat.

## Championship standings

| Position | Driver | No. | Car | Entrant | Sur. | San. | Cal. | Phi. | Total |
| 1 | John McCormack | 77 | McLaren M23 Leyland | Budget F1 Team | 9 | - | 6 | 4 | 19 |
| 2 | John Leffler | 1 | Lola T400 Chevrolet | Grace Bros. Racing | 4 | 3 | - | 9 | 16 |
| 3 | Alan Hamilton | 9 | Lola T430 Chevrolet | Alan Hamilton | - | 6 | 3 | 6 | 15 |
| 4 | Alfredo Costanzo | 84 | Lola T332 Chevrolet | Auto Sprint Motors | - | 9 | 4 | - | 13 |
| 5 | Jon Davison | 4 | Lola T332 Chevrolet | Jon Davison | - | - | 9 | - | 9 |
| 6 | Kevin Bartlett | 5 | Lola T400 Chevrolet | Kevin Bartlett | 3 | 4 | - | 1 | 8 |
| 7 | Garrie Cooper | 12 | Elfin MR8 Chevrolet | Ansett Team Elfin | 6 | - | - | - | 6 |
| = | Peter Edwards | 11 | Lola T332 Chevrolet | P.J. Edwards | - | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 9 | Terry Hook | 15 | Lola T332 Chevrolet | Terry Hook | 2 | - | 2 | - | 4 |
| 10 | Chas Talbot | 17 & 20 | Begg FM5 Chevrolet | Chas Talbot | 1 | 1 | - | - | 2 |
| = | Graeme Smith | | Birrana 274 Ford | Graeme Smith Trucks | - | - | - | 2 | 2 |

## Championship name

Sources vary as to the actual name of the championship.
* The 1977 CAMS Manual of Motor Sport refers to the Australian Formula 1 Championship - Gold Star Award, stating that "The phrase "Australian Champion Driver" shall be reserved exclusively for the winner of the CAMS Gold Star".
* Australian Competition Yearbook, 1978 Edition uses the term Australian Drivers' Championship.
* Historical records published by CAMS use the term Australian Drivers' Championship.
# Muhammad Abdul Salam

Muhammad Abdul Salam is a Pakistani politician from Mardan District. He is currently serving as member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa since Feb 2024.

## Career

He contested the 2024 general elections as a Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf/Independent candidate from PK-58 Mardan-V. He secured 38126 votes while runner-up was Haider Khan Hoti of ANP who secured 26497 votes.
# Saurabh Kumar (ambassador)

Saurabh Kumar is an Indian diplomat currently serving as Ambassador of India to European Union. He was previously the Indian Ambassador of India to Myanmar and to the Islamic Republic of Iran.

## Early life and education

Saurabh Kumar was born on 1 January 1966 in Lucknow, India. He completed his schooling from La Martinière College, Lucknow. An engineer by training, he obtained his B.Tech. from the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur and M.Tech. from Indian Institute of Technology Delhi.

## Career

Upon completing his education, he joined the Indian Foreign Service in 1989. His first post was to the Commission of India in Hong Kong in 1991.
Between 1993 and 1998 he served as an Under Secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs in New Delhi looking after China and Pakistan. He subsequently returned as Director of the China Desk in 2004 following stints as First Secretary in Indonesia (1998-2001) and Fiji (2001-2004). He became Deputy Chief of Mission to the Embassy of India in Beijing, China in 2007 and later became the Deputy Chief of Mission/chargé d'affaires to the Embassy of India in Rome, Italy between 2008 and 2012.
In 2012 he returned to New Delhi as Joint Secretary dealing with counter terrorism, policy planning, and research and subsequently joined the National Security Council Secretariat.
In 2015 he was appointed Ambassador of India to the Islamic Republic of Iran, a position he held until he assumed his role of Ambassador of India to Myanmar in early 2019 and served the office till 17 November 2021. Thereafter, he served as Secretary (East) Ministry of External Affairs from December 2021 to February 2024. Currently, he is serving as ambassador of India to European Union.

## Personal life

He is married to Smriti Srivastav and has two daughters, Sugandha and Sanjana. He is fluent in English, Hindi, and has knowledge of Mandarin Chinese.
# Qingyan Chen

Qingyan (Yan) Chen (陳清焰) is the Director of the PolyU Academy for Interdisciplinary Research (PAIR) and Chair Professor at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, active in the field of building science. He is Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering at Purdue University in the United States. He is the editor-in-chief of the academic journal Building and Environment.

## Biography

Chen earned a Bachelor of Engineering in 1983 from Tsinghua University in China, and a Master's (1985) and Ph.D. (1988) from the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. Prior to joining Purdue University, where he is currently a professor of mechanical engineering, he completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the ETH Zurich; worked as a project manager for the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research; and was on the faculty at Delft University of Technology and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Chen's research interests include indoor environments; aircraft cabin environments; and energy-efficient, healthy, and sustainable building design and analysis. Chen was ranked No. 10454 in all the disciplines in the world and No. 12 in “Building and Construction” field by Stanford University in 2021 among the top 2 percent of the most-cited scientists in various disciplines. His publications have been cited by more than 24,000 times and his H-index is 80, according to GoogleScholar.
In 1996, Chen received a National Science Foundation CAREER Award, given to outstanding junior faculty. In 2007, the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology honoured him with the Willis J. Whitfield Award "for significant contributions to the field of contamination control through numerous published papers, studies, and reports". In 2011, Scandinavian Federation of Heating, Ventilating and Sanitary Engineering Associations in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden (SCANVAC) awarded him John Rydberg Gold Medal for “outstanding contribution to the advancement of modelling and measurement of ventilation and air distribution in buildings”. In 2013, Chen earned the Award for Distinguished Service to Building Simulation from the International Building Performance Simulation Association. In 2021, the Hong Kong government awarded him Global STEM Professorship. Chen was elected in 2022 as a fellow of the Hong Kong Academy of Engineering Sciences.
Chen's research results have been reported by TV stations such as CCTV 4 "Chinese World" had Prof. Chen's documentary "Chen Qingyan from a Farmer to a Scientist" in two episodes. See and.
# Maldon mud race

The Maldon Mud Race is an annual fun race held in spring (originally in the winter, now in late April or early May) at Promenade Park in Maldon, Essex, England, in which entrants compete to complete a 500 metres (550 yd) dash, in thick mud, over the bed of the River Blackwater. The race is organised by the Maldon Mud Race committee, a team of volunteers, which raises money for charity.

## History

The Maldon mud race began in 1974 when a regular at a local pub was challenged to serve a meal on the riverbank dressed in a dinner jacket. The challenge evolved into a race across the river to a waiting barrel of beer, drinking a pint of beer there and racing back. The barrel of beer has long disappeared and the race has become a charity event, with many participants wearing fancy dress. The event is watched by thousands of spectators and raises tens of thousands of pounds for charity. The 2010 race was delayed until Easter 2011 due to poor weather and the organisers later decided to permanently move the event from winter to spring. Brian Farrington, from the Maldon Rotary Club said: "It doesn't make any difference in regard to the race itself, because people still get covered in mud. ... Our main concern is health and safety and then how much money we can raise for charity."
The race can only take place when the tide is low enough to allow participants to cross the river safely. Participants start from one bank and make their way to the other side, negotiate 200 metres of mud along the river and then return to the original river bank. In 2009, the race was run twice, on 4 January and 27 December, after the 2008 event was postponed due to high tides. About 250 competitors took part in the December 2009 event and it has increased in size every year since.
In 2014 the race was held on 26 May and once again attracted hundreds of competitors.
The 50th anniversary of the Maldon Mud Race occurred on 2 June 2024.
# Ijang

Ijangs are the terraced hillfort settlements of the Ivatan people built on hill tops and ridges in the Batanes Islands of the Philippines. These high rocky formations can serve as fortresses or refuge against the enemies of the Ivatan people.

## Background

In 1994, Eusebio Dizon, the deputy director of the National Museum of the Philippines, went to Batanes with his team for an archeological project. They found a triangular-shaped hill in Savidug, a town in Sabtang. These structures were called ijang. Ijangs are similar to the gusuku castles found in Okinawa, Japan. Aside from both of them being strategically built in high places, 12th-century Sung-type ceramics and Chinese beads and other artefactual materials recovered from an ijang were dated at almost the same time as the foundations of the Okinawan castles beginning from circa 1200 CE.
The Ivatan traditionally lived in the ijang which were fortified mountain areas and drank sugar-cane wine, or palek. They also used gold as currency and produced a thriving agriculture-based industry, as well as expertise in seafaring and boatbuilding.

## Functions

Based on oral history and tradition, pre-Hispanic Ivatans were divided into small clans that lived not far from the sea. During clan wars, those attacked climbed for safety to the tops of the ijangs where they defended themselves by throwing stones at the enemy below. The tops of the ijangs today are still full of stones—the primitive ammunition of the people. Building a shelter atop the ijang became necessary when fighting continued long for some time. Ijangs were first described by the English freebooter Captain William Dampier when he visited the island of Ivuhos in 1687. Today, there are still traces of such ancient dwellings, including stone posts standing or lying where the Ivatans left them when they abandoned their pagan way of life for Christianity in the late 18th century.

## Spanish Colonial Era

In 1783, the Spanish claimed Batanes as part of the Philippines under the auspices of Governor-General José Basco y Vargas. The Bashi Channel had come to be increasingly used by English East India Company ships and the Spanish authorities brought the islands under their direct administration to prevent them from falling under British control. However, the Ivatan remained on their ijangs, or mountain fortresses.
In 1790, Governor Guerrero decreed that Ivatans were to leave their ijang and live in the lowlands, thereby giving them more people to tax. Basco and Ivana were the first towns that implemented this decree.
# Francis Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham

Brigadier-General Francis Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham (bapt. 20 October 1683 – 12 February 1743) was an English peer and army officer.
Francis was the second son of Francis Howard, 5th Baron Howard of Effingham. On 26 July 1722, he was commissioned captain and lieutenant-colonel in the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards. Howard succeeded as Baron Howard of Effingham in 1725, with the death of his older brother Thomas Howard.
He continued to rise in the Army, and was made lieutenant and lieutenant-colonel in the 1st Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards on 15 July 1731. He was created Earl of Effingham on 8 December of that year, and made a Deputy Earl Marshal on 13 December. The next year, on 22 July 1732, he received the colonelcy of a regiment of foot, which he held until 1737. On 21 June 1737, he became Captain and Colonel of the 2nd Troop Horse Grenadier Guards, with the rank of a colonel of horse, and was promoted brigadier-general on 2 July 1739. On 22 December 1740, he became Captain and Colonel of the 4th Troop of Horse Guards. He died in February 1743, and was succeeded by his eldest son Thomas (the son of his first wife Diana), then an officer in the Horse Grenadier Guards.
# Dracoisen Formation

The Dracoisen Formation is a geologic formation found on the islands of Spitsbergen and Nordaustlandet in Svalbard, Norway. It is Ediacaran (uppermost Neoproterozoic) in age. Microfossils have been found, including Bavinella faveolata and rare acritarchs.
# John Russell (rower)

John Michael Russell was a British rower who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.

## Rowing career

Russell was born on 3 August 1935 in Chiswick, London. In 1959, he won both the Wingfield Sculls and the Scullers Head of the River Race.
In 1960, he was a crew member of the British coxed four which was eliminated in the repechage of the coxed four event at the 1960 Summer Olympics. In the same year, he won both the Grand Challenge Cup and the Stewards Challenge Cup at Henley Royal Regatta.
He represented England and won double Bronze in the coxed four and eights at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, Western Australia.
Two years later, he won a silver medal in the coxless four at the 1964 Summer Olympics with Hugh Wardell-Yerburgh, William Barry and John James.

## Gallery

* John Michael Russell (stroke)
* On the way to winning Scullers Head of the River Race in 1959
* Russell after winning the Wingfield Sculls in 1960
* Russell winning the Stewards Challenge Cup in 1960]
* Russell winning the Grand Challenge Cup in 1960
* John Michael Russell (left)
# Smeetsland

Smeetsland is a neighborhood of Rotterdam, Netherlands.
51°52′51″N 4°31′10″E﻿ / ﻿51.88083°N 4.51944°E﻿ / 51.88083; 4.51944
* This South Holland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Not Out (film)

Not Out is a 2024 Indian Kannada-language dark comedy film written and directed by Ambarisha M. The film was produced by V. Ravi Kumar and Shamshuddin A under the banner of Rashtrakuta Pictures. The film stars P. Ravi Shankar, Ajaya Prithvi, and Rachana Inder.

## Cast

* P. Ravi Shankar as Ontikoppal Devaraj
* Ajaya Prithvi as Ajay
* Rachana Inder as Sridevi
* Cockroach Sudhi as Snake Seena
* Salman
* Prashanth Siddi
* Gopal Krishna Deshpande as Sridhar
* Govinde Gowda as Waiter Michael
* Ashwin Hasan
* Niroop

## Production

The film's narrative is inspired by the traditional Indian game of Lambs and tigers. The script was written by Ambarisha M during the COVID-19 lockdown. The film was produced by Rashtrakuta Pictures, with V. Ravi Kumar and Shamshuddin A as producers. Ajaya Prithvi, son of V. Ravi Kumar, was cast in the lead role. The principal photography of the film took place in Bangalore and Mysore.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Judah Sandhy.

## Release
### Marketing

The producers used a strategy to promote the film. The first half of the film was made available to the audience at no cost, while a ticket purchase was required to view the second half. This approach was announced during the trailer launch event and implemented prior to the film's release.

### Theatrical release

The film was released theatrically on 19 July 2024.

### Critical reception

Shashiprasad SM of Times Now rated the film two-and-a-half out of five stars and wrote, "Not Out is another film that tries to rekindle the harsh realities of life in the background of the pandemic. That apart, it hardly offers anything even in terms of entertainment." Jagadish Angadi of Deccan Herald gave it three-and-a-half out of five stars and wrote, "The story is presented as a flashback. In a way, the narrative itself is the protagonist."
Vinay Lokesh of The Times of India gave the film three out of five stars and wrote, "A Compelling Story with the Right Twist". Y. Maheswara Reddy of Bangalore Mirror rated the film three out of five stars and wrote that "It is worth a watch for family audiences."
# Alkylphenol

Alkylphenols are a family of organic compounds obtained by the alkylation of phenols. The term is usually reserved for commercially important propylphenol, butylphenol, amylphenol, heptylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol and related "long chain alkylphenols" (LCAPs). Methylphenols and ethylphenols are also alkylphenols, but they are more commonly referred to by their specific names, cresols and xylenols. Some members of this group of compounds have proven controversial.

## Production and use

The long-chain alkylphenols are prepared by alkylation of phenol with alkenes:
    C$_6$H$_5$OH + RR'C=CH2 → RR'CH−CH$_2$−C$_6$H$_4$OH
In this way, about 500M kg/y are produced. Alkylphenols ethoxylates are common surfactants. Long-chain alkylphenols are used extensively as precursors to detergents. By condensation with formaldehyde, some alkylphenols are components in phenolic resins. These compounds are also used as building-block chemicals in making fragrances, thermoplastic elastomers, antioxidants, oil field chemicals, and fire retardant materials. As plastizers and antioxidants, alkylphenols are also found in tires, adhesives, coatings, carbonless copy paper and high performance rubber products.

## Environmental controversy over nonylphenols

Alkylphenols are xenoestrogens. Long chain Alkylphenols have the most potent estrogenic activity. The European Union has implemented sales and use restrictions on certain applications in which nonylphenols are used because of their alleged "toxicity, persistence, and the liability to bioaccumulate" but the United States EPA has taken a slower approach.
# JooE

Lee Joo-won (Korean: 이주원; born August 18, 1999) better known by her stage name JooE (주이), is a South Korean singer. She is a former member of the girl group Momoland under MLD Entertainment.

## Personal life

JooE was born in Seoul, South Korea, She has an older brother named Lee Min Jae. On an episode of Radio Star, JooE revealed that she had undergone rhinoplasty in prior to joining MLD Entertainment. JooE cited singer IU as her role model, saying "IU sunbaenim. Of course she's gorgeous and an amazing singer, but I also find it respectful that she has a very pronounced perspective, and you can feel that in her music."

### Education

JooE studied and graduated from Damoon Elementary School and Yongmun Middle School, she also graduated from Hanlim Multi Art School on February 9, 2018.

## Career
### 2016–2022: Career with Momoland

In 2016, JooE became a contestant in Finding Momoland, a show dedicated to select the members of the new girl group Momoland under MLD Entertainment. JooE joined MLD a month before Finding Momoland began. In June 2016, members JooE, alongside Nancy, Ahin, Hyebin, Yeonwoo, Jane and Nayun were selected as the seven finalists of Finding Momoland. After the members were selected, the group was formed and made their official debut with the mini album Welcome to Momoland, released on November 10, 2016.
In 2018, JooE appeared in King of Mask Singer as Helicopter. In 2022, JooE became a contestant on JTBC's singing survival show The Second World, where she obtained fourth place.

### 2023–present: Group disbandment and Queendom Puzzle

On January 27, 2023, it was announced that JooE, along with the Momoland members, departed from MLD Entertainment following expiration of the contracts. Momoland officially announced their disbandment on February 14. In June 2023, JooE participated as a contestant on Mnet's Queendom Puzzle, becoming the only contestant not represented by any entertainment company. She was eventually eliminated in the first elimination rounds.

## Other ventures
### Endorsements

JooE became an ambassador of the makeup brand Baker 7 in 2018. She has also filmed an advertisement for Tropicana's sparkling soda and for GS25, both in 2017. She has also advertised for Guronsan Barmond in 2018 and for Mom's Touch in 2019 alongside YouTuber Yunjuku.

## Filmography
### Television series

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref. |
| 2018 | Dae Jang Geum Is Watching | As an idol trainees (with fellow-members Nancy, Hyebin, and Daisy) | Guest appearance | |

### Television shows

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2016 | Finding Momoland | Contestant | |
| 2017 | The Show | Host | October 17, 2017 – May 8, 2018 |
| 2018 | Studio Vibes | Host | |
| 2018 | Battle Trip | Special host | |
| 2018 | School Attack | Host | |
| 2018 | King of Mask Singer | Contestant | as "Helicopter" |
| 2018 | Get It Beauty | Host | |
| 2018 | Real Man 300 | Cast member | |
| 2019 | Law of the Jungle | Cast member | Episode 388–392 |
| 2020 | I-Land | Host | Special Episode |
| 2021 | The Village Lover | Cast member | |
| 2022 | The Second World | Contestant | |
| 2023 | Queendom Puzzle | Contestant | |
# Rim (state constituency)

Rim is a state constituency in Malacca, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Melaka State Legislative Assembly.

## Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Rim's electorate as of 2021

## History
### Polling districts

According to the gazette issued on 31 October 2022, the Rim constituency has a total of 10 polling districts.
| State constituency | Polling districts | Code | Location |
| Rim (N25) | Kemendor | 139/25/01 | SK Kemendor |
| Rim (N25) | Seri Kesang | 139/25/02 | Balai Raya Seri Kesang |
| Rim (N25) | Kelubi | 139/25/03 | SK Sri Lanang |
| Rim (N25) | Kg Rim | 139/25/04 | SMK Iskandar Shah |
| Rim (N25) | Bukit Katong | 139/25/05 | SJK (C) Pay Chuin |
| Rim (N25) | Padang Sebang | 139/25/06 | SJK (T) Ladang Diamond Jubile |
| Rim (N25) | Simpang Bekoh | 1339/25/07 | SMK Simpang Bekoh |
| Rim (N25) | Chohong | 139/25/08 | SK Chohong |
| Rim (N25) | Chinchin | 139/25/09 | SK Chinchin |
| Rim (N25) | Simpang Kerayong | 139/25/10 | MRSM Tun Ghafar Baba |

### Representation history

Members of the Legislative Assembly for Rim :
| Assembly | Years | Name | Party |
| Constituency created ||||
| 1st | 1959-1964 | Tan Nai Kwi | Alliance (MCA) |
| 2nd | 1964-1969 | Tan Nai Kwi | Alliance (MCA) |
| | 1969-1971 | Assembly dissolved | Assembly dissolved |
| 3rd | 1969-1974 | Mohamed Jiddi Abdullah | Alliance (UMNO) |
| Constituency abolished, renamed to Nyalas ||||
| Constituency recreated from Nyalas ||||
| 7th | 1986-1990 | Jaafar Lajis | BN (UMNO) |
| 8th | 1990-1995 | Jaafar Lajis | BN (UMNO) |
| 9th | 1995-1999 | Dolah Atan | BN (UMNO) |
| 10th | 1999-2004 | Ramlah Abas | BN (UMNO) |
| 11th | 2004-2008 | Ramlah Abas | BN (UMNO) |
| 12th | 2008-2013 | Yazed Khamis | BN (UMNO) |
| 13th | 2013-2018 | Ghazale Muhamad | BN (UMNO) |
| 14th | 2018-2021 | Ghazale Muhamad | BN (UMNO) |
| 15th | 2021- | Khaidiriah Abu Zahar | BN (UMNO) |