OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Geosectarianism

Geosectarianism is a term coined by Kamran Bokhari, one of the world's renowned authorities on the geopolitics of the Middle East and South Asia. Geosectarianism refers to the main intra-Muslim struggle between the Sunni and Shi'a camps on a regional scale. Rooted in a religious schism in contemporary times, it has taken on a strong ethnic dimension. Saudi Arabia leads the largely Arab Sunni camp, which is engaged in a struggle to counter a rising Iran; the latter heads a bloc of Shi'a state and non-state actors (Iraq, Syria, Hezbollah, and the al-Houthi movement). Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen, Bahrain, and northeastern Saudi Arabia are its key geopolitical battlespaces.
# Caucasian Shepherd Dog

The Caucasian Shepherd Dog or Caucasian Ovcharka is a large livestock guardian dog native to the Caucasus region, notably Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Dagestan. It was bred in the Soviet Union from about 1920 from dogs of the Caucasus Mountains and the steppe regions of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains in Georgia has historically been the principal region of distribution of Caucasian Shepherd dogs, both in terms of numbers and the quality of the dogs present in the area.

## History

For centuries dogs similar to the Caucasian mountain dogs have served shepherds in the Caucasus Mountains as livestock guardian dogs,$^{:269}$ defending sheep from predators, mainly wolves and human sheep-thieves.$^{:399}$ These dogs are distributed over a wide area, and there are considerable regional variations: those in Azerbaijan are fairly tall and lightly built; those in Dagestan are smaller and roughly square in outline; those of the former Checheno-Ingush ASSR, now Ingushetia and Chechnya, are heavily built and very large.$^{:58}$ It is widely accepted that those of Georgia are better and more uniform than those of other regions.$^{:58}$
During the twentieth century Soviet breeders selected some of these varieties among Caucasian dogs and created the Caucasian Shepherd Dog breed. Caucasian shepherds were first scientifically described by the Russian cynologist Aleksandr Mazover, noting that the center of distribution of the breed, both in terms of numbers and quality, were Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Dagestan. While the dogs from different areas of the region shared the general features today present in Caucasian shepherds, Caucasian Shepherds from Georgia were considered to be the best examples of the breed due to their size, powerful musculoskeletal structure, and attractive long fur. For this reason, the Georgian SSR became the principal region for cultivating Caucasian Shepherd dogs in the Soviet Union.
The breed was definitively accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 1984, under the patronage of the Soviet Union.

## Characteristics

The Caucasian Ovcharka is a large dog, usually weighing 45–70 kg (99–154 lb).$^{:71}$ The preferred height at the withers is in the range 67–70 cm (26–28 in) for bitches, and 72–75 cm (28–30 in) for dogs; the minimum heights and weights for registration are 64 cm (25 in) and 40 kg (88 lb) for bitches, and 68 cm (27 in) and 50 kg (110 lb) for dogs. Life expectancy was reported in 2020 at 10–11 years;$^{:71}$ a study published in 2024 found the median lifespan to be 5.4 years, the lowest in all breeds studied; however, the sample size was just 22 dogs.
In appearance, it closely resembles the Kars dog.

## Use

Caucasian Shepherd Dogs used to serve as guard dogs and bear hunting dogs and today they work as prison guard dogs in Russia.

## Restrictions

The breed is banned in Denmark and subject to restrictions in Russia.
# Terry Prue

Terry Arthur Prue (born 11 December 1948) is a retired Australian Test umpire, from Western Australia.
He umpired 9 Test matches between 1988 and 1994. His first match was between Australia and the West Indies at Perth on 2 December to 6 December 1988, won by the West Indies by 169 runs, in spite of Merv Hughes taking 5/130 and 8/87, including a hat-trick spread over two innings and three overs. Prue’s partner was Robin Bailhache, standing in his final test match.
Prue’s last test match was between Australia and South Africa at Adelaide on 28 January to 1 February 1994, won by Australia by 191 runs with a century to Steve Waugh and 7 wickets to Craig McDermott. Prue’s colleague was Darrell Hair.
Prue umpired 39 One Day International (ODI) matches between 1988 and 1999. Altogether, he umpired 75 first-class matches in his career between 1983 and 2000.
# Palazzo Chupi

40°44′07″N 74°00′32″W﻿ / ﻿40.735296°N 74.009022°W﻿ / 40.735296; -74.009022
Palazzo Chupi is a residential condominium building in the West Village section of the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. Located at 360 West 11th Street between Washington and West Streets, it was designed by artist Julian Schnabel. The building is designed in the style of a Venetian palazzo, built on top of a former horse stable. Schnabel uses the lower four floors, the former stable, as a studio. They also contain a parking garage, art gallery space and swimming pool.
The building, which contains five "palatial" units, is easy to spot because of its singular style and bold pink color. The name is taken from the trendy Spanish lollipop called "Chupa Chups"; Schnabel used Chupi as a pet name for his second wife Olatz López Garmendia.
Schnabel says that he built the Palazzo "because I wanted more space, and because I thought I could sell two or three apartments to pay for that space, and I built it because I could."
A portion of the building has been converted into a venue for private events.

## Critical response

According to a description by Penelope Green in the New York Times, Palazzo Chupi is "[c]inematic and lovely inside, [and] the condo-palazzos float like Citizen Kane's Xanadu high above the remains of the West Village. But Green dismissed the building as a "brand extension for the omnivorous Mr. Schnabel."
Art critic Dodie Kazanjian says that she regards the Palazzo as a "piece of art" by Schnabel. Playwright and novelist Paul Rudnick, who lives across the street, considers the Palazzo to be "In the grand tradition of Manhattan white elephants, which make you wonder, Who lives there, and why? It's already a landmark. And it's much more in the tradition of the West Village, which is supposed to be outrageous and theatrical, than all those glass towers. When the transsexuals left it seems they were reincarnated as real estate... At least the Palazzo does them proud."
But Andrew Berman, executive director of the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation, describes Schnabel's building as "woefully out of context and a monument to this guy's ego." Berman has described the Palazzo Chupi as "an exploded Malibu Barbie house." The building is situated less than a block outside the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission's Greenwich Village Historic District Extension I, and sits next door to 354 West 11th Street, a well-preserved Greek Revival row house dating from c.1841-42.
# Col Timmins

Colin Douglas Timmins (born 2 April 1947 in Brisbane, Queensland) was an Australian Test cricket match umpire, from Queensland.
He umpired 4 Test matches between 1989 and 1993. His first match was between Australia and Sri Lanka at Brisbane on 8 to 12 December 1989, a drawn match on which the bat dominated, Tom Moody and Mark Taylor scoring centuries. Timmins' partner was Tony Crafter.
Timmins' last Test match was between Australia and the West Indies at Perth on 30 January to 1 February 1993, won before lunch on the third day by the visitors by an innings and 25 runs. Australia's batting was inept against Curtly Ambrose (7/25 in the first innings) and Ian Bishop (6/40 in the second). Timmins' partner was Steve Randell.
Timmins umpired 20 One Day International (ODI) matches between 1988 and 1995. He umpired one women's Test match in 1985. Altogether, he umpired 67 first-class matches in his career between 1981 and 1995.
# Luis Prieto (footballer, born 1979)

Luis Prieto Zalbidegoitia (born 19 February 1979) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played mainly as a centre-back.
He amassed La Liga totals of 182 games and nine goals over the course of eight seasons, representing in the competition Athletic Bilbao and Valladolid.

## Club career

Prieto was born in Dima, Biscay. Coming through the ranks of Athletic Bilbao, he spent three seasons on loan at two Basque neighbours before establishing himself in the main squad. His first-team debut came in 2002–03's opening round, a 4–2 away defeat against Real Sociedad.
In the 2005–06 campaign, as Athletic finished 12th in La Liga, Prieto scored four goals in 36 games, notably the deciders (1–0 wins) at RCD Mallorca and with CA Osasuna. After having appeared just three times during 2007–08 under Joaquín Caparrós, he left the Lions and joined fellow top-flight club Real Valladolid, on 10 July 2008; a regular starter in his first year, he saw time at stopper and right-back.
On 31 July 2009, Prieto was involved in a pre-season game against Ipswich Town, played in honour of the late Bobby Robson who died that morning, and scored an own goal in an eventual 3–1 loss to the Championship side. He appeared slightly less in the 2009–10 league campaign, mainly due to the signing in January 2010 of Portuguese Henrique Sereno. On 16 May, he opened the score as Valladolid certified their relegation after three years after losing 4–0 at eventual champions FC Barcelona.
After retiring as a player, following one-season spells at SD Ponferradina (Segunda División) and Deportivo Alavés (Segunda División B), Prieto became a coach focusing on fitness aspects; he spent time with the youth categories of Athletic Bilbao at the club's Lezama training centre. Subsequently, he worked as assistant manager with SD Leioa and fitness coach with CD Mirandés and SD Eibar, under his former Athletic teammate Joseba Etxeberria at the latter two.

## International career

Prieto earned caps for the Basque Country autonomous team.
# Derrick Smith (politician)

Derrick Smith is a former member of the Illinois House of Representatives. As a Democrat, he represented the 10th District from March 2011 – August 2012 and again January 2013 – June 2014. Darrius "Koach" Smith is the youngest of Smith's children.

## Education and career

Smith received an associate's degree in liberal arts from Malcolm X College in 2003. In 2005, he received a B.S. in business administration from DePaul University.
Smith then served as deputy director of Accounting Revenue for Jesse White, the Secretary of State of Illinois. He then served on the Human Services, Cities & Villages, State Government Administration, Appropriations-Public Safety, and Housing committees in the Illinois General Assembly.
Smith was appointed to the Illinois House in March 2011 when his predecessor, Annazette Collins, was appointed to the Illinois State Senate. During the 2012 Democratic primary, Smith defeated challenger Tom Swiss receiving 76.7% of the votes cast.

## Legal troubles
### Indictment for corruption and 1st term

On March 13, 2012, Representative Smith was indicted on bribery charges after allegedly receiving a $7,000 cash payment in exchange for writing a letter in support of a day care center to receive a $50,000 state grant. The indictment was the result of a campaign worker for Smith who was also working as an informant for the Federal Bureau of Investigation. According to the indictment Smith wrote the letter to help a fictitious day care owner in a bid for an Early Childhood Construction Grant from the Illinois State Capital Development Board. Following his victory in the 2012 Primary, Republicans in the State General Assembly have called for a special House panel to investigate the corruption charges against Smith. House Speaker Michael Madigan announced shortly afterwards that three representatives had been appointed and would begin investigating in March 2012.
Smith was expelled from the Illinois House of Representatives by a vote of 100 to 6 on August 17, 2012. However, Smith was still on the ballot for the November 2012 General Election. Smith won reelection and was sworn on January 9, 2013, reclaiming his seat. Per state law, he could not be expelled a second time for the same offense.

### Bribery conviction and 2nd term

In March 2014, Smith lost his district's primary election to Pamela Reaves-Harris, rendering Smith a lame duck official.
Jurors deliberated for about four hours over two days before returning a guilty verdict on 10 June 2014, which automatically resulted in Smith being removed from his House seat for a second time. Federal prosecutors sought a sentence of five years in federal prison.

## Personal life

Smith and his wife, Valerie, have three sons and six grandchildren.
# Edward Guerra Kodatt

Edward Guerra Kodatt (born c. 1994) is an American politician. On February 21, 2021, he was appointed to the Illinois House of Representatives to replace Michael Madigan, but resigned after just three days in office, following a written demand by Madigan and Alderman Marty Quinn that he do so in light of unspecified "allegations of questionable conduct." Kodatt's replacement in the House of Representatives was Angelica Guerrero-Cuellar.
Prior to entering the Illinois House, Kodatt worked as infrastructure manager for the Chicago City Council.

## Personal life

Kodatt was born in Southwest Side, Chicago. He graduated from St. Rita of Cascia High School and received a business degree from Eastern Illinois University.
He is engaged to Vanessa Ramirez.
# Norman Townsend

Norman Edward Townsend (24 October 1924 – February 1984) was an Australian cricket Test match umpire.
Townsend was born in Northam, Western Australia. He served in the Royal Australian Navy from 1942 to 1948.
He umpired one Test match between Australia and Pakistan at Adelaide on 22 December to 27 December 1972, won by Australia by an innings with Ian Chappell scoring 196, Rod Marsh becoming the first Australian wicket-keeper to score a century, and Ashley Mallett taking 8/59 in Pakistan's second innings. Townsend's partner in this match was Max O'Connell.
In the previous season, 1971/72, a World XI visited Australia and played a series of Test standard, although never officially recognised as Tests. Townsend stood in one of these matches, in Perth, in which Dennis Lillee took 8/29 and 4/63 to help Australia to an innings win against a powerful batting line-up.
# Chillara

Chillara is a village in Burhanpur district of Madhya Pradesh state of India.
# Nick Sauer

Nick Sauer (born October 11, 1982) is a Republican politician and former member of the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the 51st district which includes Deer Park, Forest Lake, Green Oaks, Hawthorn Woods, Kildeer, Lake Barrington, Lake Zurich, Libertyville, Long Grove, Mundelein and North Barrington. Before his election to the House, he was a director of the Illinois State Toll Highway Authority and a member of the Lake County Board.

## Professional and political career

Sauer began his professional career in the US Department of Commerce under President George W Bush. In 2009, he was victorious in his first campaign for elected office, to the Barrington, Illinois Community School District 220 Board of Education. He successfully ran for the Lake County, Illinois Board in 2012 and was elected as a State Representative in 2016. He is a partner in his family's business, called "Sauer Kitchen Solutions."

## Sexual harassment allegations

On August 1, 2018, it was reported by Politico that an ex-girlfriend accused him of misappropriating nude photos she had sent to him privately, using them to establish an Instagram account, where he would pretend to be a woman seeking online relationships with men. This allegedly involved graphic sexual discussions. "He came to my house & confessed to catfishing men with my photos for 2 years to at least 8 men," she said, according to Politico. "He was unable to provide the names and begged that I let it go." He resigned from the Illinois General Assembly the same day. Lake County Republican Party Chairman Mark Shaw appointed Helene Walsh, wife of former Congressman Joe Walsh, to the vacancy.
On January 9, 2019, it was announced that Sauer was indicted on twelve counts of the offense of non-consensual Dissemination of Private Sexual Images involving two separate victims. As charged, each count is a Class 4 felony.
In November 2023, Sauer entered into a plea agreement in which he pled guilty to one charge of attempted non-consensual dissemination of a private sexual image (a Class A misdemeanor) while the rest of the charges were dismissed. He was sentenced to 90 days in jail, two years probation and 120 hours of public service.
# Alweo

Alweo (c. 612 – c. 670-757) was the son of Eowa, brother of Osmod, and the father of Æthelbald.
# Flaxton, North Yorkshire

Flaxton is a small village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is close to the A64 between York and Malton. The village lies entirely within a Conservation Area as defined by Planning (Listed Building and Conservation Areas Act) 1990.

## History

The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Flaxtune in the Bulford hundred. At that time it was part of the manor of Foston and was in the possession of Earl Morcar, but passed to Count Alan of Brittany by 1086. The etymology of the name is taken from Old English meaning settlement where flax is made.
In 1807 a lead box containing around 300 Saxon silver coins was discovered in a field near the village.
Flaxton was served by Flaxton railway station on the York to Scarborough Line between 1845 and 1930.

## Governance

The village lies within the Thirsk and Malton (UK Parliament constituency). It is also within the Sheriff Hutton & Derwent electoral division of North Yorkshire Council.
From 1974 to 2023 the village was part of the Ryedale district.

## Geography

The nearest settlements to the village are Claxton 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the south; West Lilling 2.2 miles (3.5 km) to the north-west; Harton 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the east and Thornton-le-Clay 1.6 miles (2.6 km) to the north-east.
The 1881 UK Census recorded the population as 366. According to the 2001 UK Census, the village had a population of 331, of which 255 were over the age of sixteen. Of these, 168 were in employment. There were 138 dwellings, of which 86 were detached. The 2011 Census showed a population of 343.
The village areas around Flaxton Village Green and the Crofts are designated Sites of Importance for Nature Conservation (SINCs). Here can be found semi-improved and unimproved neutral grassland, as well as wet grassland on the Keld with three ponds that include two great crested newt breeding sites.
It has one pub, the Thompson Arms Inn, and a B&B, the Blacksmiths Arms.

## Education

In 1867 a Church of England school was built in the village. It was built by Thomas Abbey of Claxton on land donated by Thomas Richard Smith and paid for with money raised by the Rector and parishioners. The clock is by Potts of Leeds and dates to the end of the 19th-century.
The school closed in 1987 and was listed as a Grade II building in 2011 as an unusual surviving example of school for poorer children which pre-dates the 1870 Education Act.
The village is now within the education catchment areas of Sand Hutton primary school and Huntington School, York.

## Religion

St Lawrence's Church, Flaxton was built in 1853 in the 13th-century Gothic style and replaced an earlier chapel. The church was declared a rectory in 1867 before which time it had been a perpetual curacy.
The lychgate was erected as a memorial after the First World War.
# Robert Mitwerandu

Robert Mitwerandu (27 February 1970 – 7 May 2000) was a Polish footballer who played as a midfielder.
Born to a Zimbabwean father, he was the first black and Afro-Polish player to play in Ekstraklasa and for a Polish national team at any level. Born and raised in Chorzów, he spoke Silesian fluently. He unexpectedly died of a stroke on the night of 7 May 2000, only a few hours after playing for Raków Częstochowa against Polar Wrocław.

## Career statistics
### Club

| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| GKS Katowice | 1988–89 | Ekstraklasa | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| GKS Katowice | 1989–90 | Ekstraklasa | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| GKS Katowice | 1990–91 | Ekstraklasa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
# Nat & Alex Wolff discography

This is a discography of albums made by Nat & Alex Wolff.

## The Naked Brothers Band

The Naked Brothers Band is the debut soundtrack by The Naked Brothers Band. It consists of songs from Season 1, which ran from February 3, 2007 to October 20, 2007.

## I Don't Want To Go To School

I Don't Want To Go To School is the second soundtrack album by The Naked Brothers Band. It contains songs from Season 2.

## Throwbacks

Throwbacks is the third soundtrack album by The Naked Brothers Band. Season 3 of the show aired from October 18, 2008 to June 13, 2009. After the band's split in 2009 it was originally cancelled, until it was announced on September 19, 2013 to be released as a Nat & Alex Wolff album instead of a Naked Brothers Band album on October 15, 2013.

## Black Sheep

Black Sheep is the debut studio album by the sibling duo, Nat & Alex Wolff. This is the brothers' first album since the departure of their Nickelodeon series, The Naked Brothers Band.
Cities + It's Just Love-2014 Last Station + Rules-2014