OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Le François

Le François (French pronunciation:; Martinican Creole: Fwanswa) is a town and commune in the arrondissement of Le Marin on Martinique, 22 km (14 mi) from the island capital of Fort-de-France.

## Geography
### Climate

Le François has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Am). The average annual temperature in Le François is 27.4 °C (81.3 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,634.2 mm (64.34 in) with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 28.2 °C (82.8 °F), and lowest in February, at around 26.3 °C (79.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Le François was 35.9 °C (96.6 °F) on 18 September 2020; the coldest temperature ever recorded was 16.0 °C (60.8 °F) on 9 February 1976.
Climate data for Le François (1991–2020 averages, extremes 1964−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.6 (90.7) | 32.7 (90.9) | 33.5 (92.3) | 34.2 (93.6) | 35.4 (95.7) | 35.0 (95.0) | 33.9 (93.0) | 34.7 (94.5) | 35.9 (96.6) | 34.5 (94.1) | 33.5 (92.3) | 33.0 (91.4) | 35.9 (96.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.7 (85.5) | 29.7 (85.5) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.5 (86.9) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.2 (88.2) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.9 (89.4) | 31.5 (88.7) | 30.8 (87.4) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.8 (87.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.6 (79.9) | 27.2 (81.0) | 27.9 (82.2) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.1 (82.6) | 28.2 (82.8) | 28.2 (82.8) | 27.9 (82.2) | 27.4 (81.3) | 26.9 (80.4) | 27.4 (81.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.8 (73.0) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.8 (74.8) | 24.7 (76.5) | 25.0 (77.0) | 25.1 (77.2) | 25.0 (77.0) | 24.5 (76.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 24.0 (75.2) | 23.5 (74.3) | 24.1 (75.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 17.0 (62.6) | 16.0 (60.8) | 17.0 (62.6) | 18.0 (64.4) | 19.0 (66.2) | 20.0 (68.0) | 19.0 (66.2) | 20.0 (68.0) | 19.0 (66.2) | 19.0 (66.2) | 18.8 (65.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 16.0 (60.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 75.1 (2.96) | 56.7 (2.23) | 52.4 (2.06) | 118.2 (4.65) | 111.3 (4.38) | 132.2 (5.20) | 156.2 (6.15) | 183.2 (7.21) | 182.5 (7.19) | 225.5 (8.88) | 239.5 (9.43) | 101.4 (3.99) | 1,634.2 (64.34) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 13.5 | 10.4 | 9.3 | 9.8 | 11.3 | 13.8 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 15.9 | 16.7 | 17.1 | 13.0 | 164.7 |
| Source: Météo-France ||||||||||||||
# 50th Regiment

50th Regiment or 50th Infantry Regiment may refer to:

## Infantry regiments

* 50th (Queen's Own) Regiment of Foot, a unit of the British Army, 1755–1881
* Shirley's Regiment (50th Regiment of Foot, American Provincials), a unit of the British Army
* 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division, a unit of the British Army
* 50th Infantry Regiment (United States), a unit of the United States Army
* 50th Infantry Regiment (Greece), a unit of the Greek Army
* 50th Regiment "Highlanders", a unit of the Canadian Army

### American Civil War regiments
#### Union (Northern) regiments

* 50th Illinois Infantry Regiment
* 50th Indiana Infantry Regiment
* 50th Ohio Infantry Regiment
* 50th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
* 50th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment
* 50th United States Colored Infantry Regiment

#### Confederate (Southern) regiments

* 50th Georgia Infantry Regiment
* 50th North Carolina Infantry Regiment
* 50th Virginia Infantry Regiment

## Other regiments

* 50th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment (Romania), a unit of the Romanian Army
* 50th Royal Tank Regiment, a unit of the British Army
* 50th Armoured Regiment (India), a unit of the Indian Army
* 50th Field Artillery Regiment (The Prince of Wales Rangers), RCA, a unit of the Canadian Army
# Equioscillation theorem

In mathematics, the equioscillation theorem concerns the approximation of continuous functions using polynomials when the merit function is the maximum difference (uniform norm). Its discovery is attributed to Chebyshev.

## Statement

Let $f$ be a continuous function from $[a,b]$ to $\mathbb {R}$. Among all the polynomials of degree $\leq n$, the polynomial $g$ minimizes the uniform norm of the difference $\|f-g\|_{\infty }$ if and only if there are $n+2$ points $a\leq x_{0}<x_{1}<\cdots <x_{n+1}\leq b$ such that $f(x_{i})-g(x_{i})=\sigma (-1)^{i}\|f-g\|_{\infty }$ where $\sigma$ is either -1 or +1.

## Variants

The equioscillation theorem is also valid when polynomials are replaced by rational functions: among all rational functions whose numerator has degree $\leq n$ and denominator has degree $\leq m$, the rational function $g=p/q$, with $p$ and $q$ being relatively prime polynomials of degree $n-\nu$ and $m-\mu$, minimizes the uniform norm of the difference $\|f-g\|_{\infty }$ if and only if there are $m+n+2-\min\{\mu ,\nu \}$ points $a\leq x_{0}<x_{1}<\cdots <x_{m+n+1-\min\{\mu ,\nu \}}\leq b$ such that $f(x_{i})-g(x_{i})=\sigma (-1)^{i}\|f-g\|_{\infty }$ where $\sigma$ is either -1 or +1.

## Algorithms

Several minimax approximation algorithms are available, the most common being the Remez algorithm.
# Enda McClafferty

Enda McClafferty (born 19 May 1970) is an Irish journalist who is the Political Editor of BBC Northern Ireland. He was appointed to the role in December 2020.

## Early life

McClafferty was born and raised in Letterkenny in County Donegal in the north-west of Ulster. He later attended the University of Ulster. He lives with his wife and children on the outskirts of St. Johnston, a village in The Laggan district in East Donegal.

## Career

McClafferty worked for The Belfast Telegraph from 1995 until 2000. He joined BBC Northern Ireland in 2000 as a Breakfast presenter on BBC Radio Foyle in Derry. He later worked on Spotlight and as a political correspondent before being appointed political editor in 2020.
# Camper shell

A camper shell (also canopy, and sometimes truck topper, pap cap, truck cap, bed cap, box cap, or simply shell) is a small housing or rigid canopy used as a pickup truck or coupe utility accessory. The housing is usually made of fiberglass or aluminum, but sometimes wood or canvas, and is mounted atop the pickup truck's rear bed. It usually covers the entire bed of the pickup truck, and is large enough to be used for camping purposes, thus making the vehicle an RV. The top of the camper shell is usually even with or above the top of the truck cab. Even though use for camping may have been its initial purpose, it now seems most often to be used for utility and storage purposes – particularly the protection of cargo from the elements and theft.
A tonneau cover is a soft or hard covering over the entire truck bed that is level or slightly raised above the edge of the truck bed.
# Ortalis platystoma

Ortalis platystoma is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Ortalis of the family Ulidiidae.
# Maiestas bengalensis

Maiestas bengalensis is a species of bug from the Cicadellidae family that is endemic to India. It was formerly placed within Recilia, but a 2009 revision moved it to Maiestas.
# Sant'Eugenio Hospital

Sant'Eugenio Hospital (Italian: ospedale Sant'Eugenio) is a hospital located in Rome. It is one of the largest hospitals in Central Italy. The construction of the hospital began in 1933, during the Fascist period. The original project, curated by Gaspare Lenzi, Luigi Lenzi and Dagoberto Ortensi, was inspired by Castel del Monte but planned to develop the building of an octagonal plant (rather than pentagonal) and erecting five towers at the corners of the rationalist building. The intention would be to occupy the institute of eugenics, with some scholars involved in the project having been among the signatories of the Manifesto of Race.
# Syed Ayaz Ali Shah Sheerazi

Syed Ayaz Ali Shah Sheerazi (Urdu: سید ایاز علی شاہ شیرازی; born 20 August 1976) is a Pakistani politician who has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served in this position from August 2018 till August 2023 and from 2002 to May 2018. He served as Minister of State for National Food Security and Research, in Abbasi cabinet from August 2017 to May 2018.

## Early life

He was born on 20 August 1976.

## Political career

He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML-Q) from Constituency NA-237 (Thatta-I) in 2002 Pakistani general election. He received 57,195 votes and defeated Abdul Wahid Soomro, a candidate of Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). In the same election, he ran for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh as a candidate of PML-Q from Constituency PS-85 (Thatta-II) but was unsuccessful. He received 15,026 votes and lost the seat to Sassui Palijo.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PML-Q from Constituency NA-238 (Thatta-II) in 2008 Pakistani general election. He received 76,812 votes and defeated Arbab Wazir Ahmed Memon, a candidate of PPP. In the same election, he ran for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh as an independent candidate from Constituency PS-85 (Thatta-II) but was unsuccessful. He received 52 votes and lost the seat to Sassui Palijo.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly as an independent candidate from Constituency NA-238 (Thatta-II) in 2013 Pakistani general election. He received 88,954 votes and defeated Rameez u din Memon, a candidate of PPP.
Following the election of Shahid Khaqan Abbasi as Prime Minister of Pakistan in August 2017, he was inducted into the cabinet of Abbasi as Minister of State for National Food Security and Research. Upon the dissolution of the National Assembly on the expiration of its term on 31 May 2018, Sheerazi ceased to hold the office as Minister of State for National Food Security and Research.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-231 (Sujawal) in the 2018 Pakistani general election. He received 129,980 votes and defeated Maulvi Muhammad Saleh Alhadad, a candidate of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA).
He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-224 Sujawal in the 2024 Pakistani general election. He received 134,056 votes and defeated Maulvi Muhammad Saleh Alhadad, a candidate of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) (JUI(F)).
# Tucumcari Formation

The Tucumcari Formation is a geologic formation in New Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Albian Age of the early Cretaceous period.

## Description

The formation consists of highly fossiliferous gray shale and buff calcareous sandstone with some limestone nodules. It overlies the Morrison Formation and is overlain by the Mesa Rica Sandstone.
The formation is interpreted as marine shales deposited during the Kiowa-Skull Creek transgression. It is likely the lateral equivalent of the Glencairn Formation.

## Fossils

More than 65 marine invertebrate species have been found in the Tucumcari Shale. The macrofossils are mostly bivalves, with some gastropods and ammonoids. Microfossils include ostracods, foraminiferans, and palynomorphs. Species found in the formation include the solitary corals Desmophyllum and Platycyathus, the bivalves Scabrotrigonia, Pteria, Texigryphaea, Botula, and Lopha, and gastropod Turritella. The shells show borings from clionid sponges and acrothoracic barnacles.

## History of investigation

The unit was first described by Jules Marcou in 1858 as Bed E of the Pyramid Mountain section. In 1892, W.F. Cummins described the Jurassic and Cretaceous section at Tucumcari Mountain as the "Tucumcari beds". Dobrovsky and Summerson assigned the unit to the Purgatoire Formation as the Tucumcari Shale Member in 1947. Griggs and Read abandoned the Purgatoire Formation in southeastern New Mexico and raised the Tucumcari Shale to formation rank in 1959.
# Sarah-Jayne Howard

Sarah-Jayne Howard (born 3 July 1976) is a South African-born New Zealand dancer and choreographer.

## Biography

Howard was born in South Africa and emigrated to New Zealand with her family when she was five years old. The family settled in Stratford, Taranaki, where Howard grew up. She trained at the New Zealand School of Dance, and graduated with honours in 1995.
Howard danced for Meryl Tankard’s Australian Dance Theatre for four years and also choreographed two solo works for the company: Tonight and Veronique. She has also danced in Australia with Garry Stewart’s company Thwack! and Gideon Obarzanek's Chunky Move Dance Company and choreographed for Company B.
In 2007, Howard received an Arts Foundation of New Zealand Laureate Award. In 2018, she was appointed associate artistic director at Australian Dance Theatre.

## Personal life

Howard and actor Nathan Page have two sons and live near Adelaide, Australia.
# Geoffrey W. Coates

Geoffrey "Geoff" William Coates (born 1966) is an American chemist and the Tisch University Professor in the department of chemistry and chemical biology at Cornell University.

## Early life and education

Coates was born in 1966 in Evansville, Indiana. He received a B.A. degree in chemistry from Wabash College in 1989. He entered graduate school at Stanford University where he worked with Robert M. Waymouth as a Hertz Fellow. His thesis work investigated the stereoselectivity of metallocene-based Ziegler-Natta catalysts. He was awarded a Ph.D. in organic chemistry in 1994. Coates then was a NSF Postdoctoral Fellow with Robert H. Grubbs at the California Institute of Technology. At Caltech, Coates worked on ring-closing metathesis reactions to functionalize polyolefins, and supramolecular phenyl-perfluorophenyl pi-stacking interactions.

## Independent career

In 1997, Coates joined the faculty of Cornell University. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 2001, and to Professor in 2002. He was appointed to the first Tisch University Professorship in 2008.

## Selected honors and professional activities

Coates has received numerous awards for his work in organometallic and polymer chemistry.
* Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Research Fellow
* ACS Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award
* Named by the MIT Technology Review as a TR100 Innovator Under 35, in 1999
* David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship in Science and Engineering in 2000
* Regional Finalist of the Blavatanik Award in 2007 and 2008
* Elected member of American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 2011
* Camille and Henry Dreyfus New Faculty Award in 1997 and Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award in 2000
* American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellow in 2006
* ACS Carl S. Marvel Creative Polymer Chemistry Award in 2009
* Elected member of National Academy of Inventors in 2017
* Elected member of National Academy of Sciences in 2017
* Scientific Advisory Board for the Welch Foundation in 2020
* 2022 ENI award Advanced Environmental Solutions prize
* 2023 NAS Award for the Industrial Application of Science

## Entrepreneurship and affiliations

Coates is the scientific cofounder of Novomer, Ecolectro, Intermix Performance Materials, and Imperion Coatings. Novomer was acquired by Danimer Scientific in 2021. Coates is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of KensaGroup and is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Welch Foundation. He is a Director of the Board of the Mitsubishi Chemical Group. Coates was an associate editor of the journal Macromolecules from 2008 to 2021, and is now an associate editor of the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
# Downtown Bernalillo station

Downtown Bernalillo is a station on the New Mexico Rail Runner Express commuter rail line, located in Bernalillo, New Mexico, United States.
It is located in the center of the town of Bernalillo, on Railroad Track Road at East Calle Don Francisco and Calle Duranes near Camino del Pueblo. The station began service on April 27, 2007 as the seventh station on the line.
The station has free parking, with 23 spaces. The parking lot is the smallest of any Rail Runner station, because the station is so centrally located that many Bernalillo residents can walk to the station from their homes. The Station previously received bus service from Sandoval Easy Express, but has since been discontinued, and Sandoval Easy Express has been folded into the Rio Metro service.
Each of the Rail Runner stations contains an icon to express each community's identity. The icon representing this station is a conquistador helmet, representing the expedition of Francisco Vásquez de Coronado, who passed through what is now Bernalillo.
# Downtown Denton Transit Center

The Downtown Denton Transit Center is an intermodal public transit station in Denton, Texas. The station, operated by the Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA), serves as the northern terminus of the A-train, a transfer center for the DCTA Connect bus system, and a hub for the GoZone Denton microtransit system. The station also hosts DCTA's customer service center.
The station is about a 1⁄2 mile (0.80 km) east of downtown Denton, 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) south of Texas Woman's University, and 1+1⁄4 miles (2.0 km) east of the University of North Texas.
Unlike other A-train stations, Downtown Denton does not primarily serve as a park-and-ride lot. However, the A-train operates a fare-free travel zone between Downtown Denton and MedPark, which allows riders to utilize MedPark's lot.
On DCTA maps and signage, the station is denoted by a grey circle containing the Denton County Courthouse-on-the-Square.
The official name of the station is the Euline Brock Downtown Denton Transit Center in honor of Euline Brock, a former mayor who was an advocate for investment in both Downtown Denton and public transit.

## History

In 2005, the City of Denton received a federal grant for a downtown transit facility, totaling $3.1 million. Initial plans for the project were presented in 2008. A groundbreaking was held on March 22, 2010.
On June 18, 2011, the A-train's opening ceremony, dubbed the "Rock n' Rail Station Celebration", took place. A ribbon-cutting was held at Downtown Denton Transit Center, which was followed by free rides on the train and live music at all DCTA-built stations. Revenue service began the following Monday.
On August 7, 2013, the station was formally renamed in honor of Euline Brock. Brock was a member of Denton City Council from 1992 to 1998, the mayor of Denton from 2000 to 2006, and an advocate for investment in both Downtown Denton and public transit. A placard commemorating Brock was installed the following year.
# Das Island

Das Island ( Arabic : جزيرة داس ) is an Emirati island in the Persian Gulf. It lies about 100 miles (160 km) north-west of the UAE mainland; Qatar is also close by. It covers approximately 0.75 miles (1.21 km) by 1.5 miles (2.4 km), and was almost rectangular in shape, but was significantly expanded to the south by artificial additions for a new runway and new accommodation in 2016.
Das Island is inhabited by about 6,000 oil and gas industry personnel on a rotational schedule. It exports crude oil and liquefied natural gas by tankers as far as Japan and Europe. Oil production began after prospecting during 1956-1960 by Abu Dhabi Marine Areas (ADMA), a joint venture between BP and Compagnie Française des Pétroles (later known as Total). Local exporting companies now all fall under the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company ADNOC brand, include ADNOC Offshore (Oil), ADNOC LNG (LNG) and other companies. Das Island airport is the only airport on the island, and the runway was expanded and relocated in 2018.
Das Island is a noted breeding site for turtles and seabirds. Despite oil and gas production, turtles still feed safely in the area and Das Island has remained an important landfall for migrant animals.

## History

On 22 November 1976, a Gulf Air Short SC.7 Skyvan cargo plane travelling from Bahrain to Abu Dhabi-Al Bateen Airport experienced an engine failure. The crew abandoned the aircraft off Das Island. The two occupants were rescued while the plane sank.

## Climate

Climate data for Das Island (2004–2014) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) | 29.3 (84.7) | 33.7 (92.7) | 36.9 (98.4) | 42.5 (108.5) | 43.6 (110.5) | 44.0 (111.2) | 44.6 (112.3) | 40.7 (105.3) | 37.6 (99.7) | 35.1 (95.2) | 28.9 (84.0) | 44.6 (112.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.8 (71.2) | 22.6 (72.7) | 25.2 (77.4) | 29.3 (84.7) | 34.0 (93.2) | 35.5 (95.9) | 37.2 (99.0) | 38.0 (100.4) | 36.8 (98.2) | 34.0 (93.2) | 29.3 (84.7) | 24.2 (75.6) | 30.7 (87.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 19.8 (67.6) | 20.1 (68.2) | 22.3 (72.1) | 26.1 (79.0) | 30.4 (86.7) | 32.2 (90.0) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.7 (94.5) | 33.7 (92.7) | 31.2 (88.2) | 27.1 (80.8) | 22.3 (72.1) | 27.8 (82.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.9 (64.2) | 18.1 (64.6) | 20.0 (68.0) | 23.5 (74.3) | 27.5 (81.5) | 29.6 (85.3) | 31.6 (88.9) | 32.3 (90.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 28.9 (84.0) | 25.0 (77.0) | 20.4 (68.7) | 25.5 (77.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 12.0 (53.6) | 13.7 (56.7) | 15.2 (59.4) | 17.3 (63.1) | 22.4 (72.3) | 26.1 (79.0) | 28.9 (84.0) | 29.2 (84.6) | 27.5 (81.5) | 23.5 (74.3) | 19.6 (67.3) | 13.9 (57.0) | 12.0 (53.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 10.7 (0.42) | 2.2 (0.09) | 2.2 (0.09) | 2.4 (0.09) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.9 (0.11) | 11.2 (0.44) | 31.6 (1.24) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 76 | 76 | 72 | 69 | 72 | 72 | 76 | 72 | 67 | 65 | 69 | 71 |
| Source: National Center of Meteorology ||||||||||||||
# Quirino Majorana

Quirino Francesco Valentino Majorana (28 October 1871 – 31 July 1957) was an Italian experimental physicist who investigated a wide range of phenomena during his long career as professor of physics at the Universities of Rome, the Polytechnic University of Turin (1916–1921), and the University of Bologna (1921–1934).

## Work

Majorana performed a long series of very sensitive gravity shielding experiments from 1918 to 1922, which have never been reproduced. Majorana's experiments determined that mercury or lead around a suspended lead sphere acted as a screen and slightly decreased the Earth's gravitational pull. No attempts have been made to reproduce his results using the same experimental techniques. Other researchers have concluded from other data that if gravitational absorption does exist, it must be at least five orders of magnitude smaller than Majorana's experiments suggest.
Critical of Albert Einstein's relativity theory, Majorana tried to disprove Einstein’s postulate on the constancy of the speed of light, but he failed, and therefore his experiments confirmed Einstein's postulate.
Majorana also confirmed Isaac Newton’s law of universal gravitation to high precision.
His later work at the University of Bologna was influenced by correspondence with his nephew Ettore Majorana (1906–1938), another physicist.
In 1927, he was the organizer of the Como Conference, celebrating the centennial anniversary of the death of Alessandro Volta.