OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tie Sing

Tie Sing (19th-century-1918) was a Chinese American head chef for the U.S. Geological Survey at Yosemite.

## Career

Tie Sing was among the Chinese Americans that came to the US during the 1848 Californian Gold Rush. In 1850, California passed the Foreign Miners' Tax Act, which imposed taxes on non-American miners and laborers. These taxes, alongside the dwindling gold supply, forced many Chinese Americans to find new opportunities, and many ended up in Yosemite as hotel cooks and road builders. Many of these Chinese American cooks subsequently gained prominence for their culinary skills, becoming head chefs in hotels.
Tie Sing was the head chef for the U.S. Geological Survey and was known for his innovative spirit that enabled good food to be made in the backcountry despite undeveloped infrastructure. Tie Sing was known for wrapping meat in wet newspaper and cooling it in the breeze. He would also drape rounds of biscuit dough on working mules, using their body heat to rise the dough.
In 1899, Sing Peak was named after Tie Sing by the U.S. Geological Survey for his outstanding service. This honor was unique for being conferred during Tie Sing's lifetime and also during a time of heightened racism and xenophobia against Chinese Americans. The Chinese Exclusion Act had been passed seven years ago in 1882 and would remain in force until the passage of the Magnuson Act in 1943.
In 1915, Tie Sing was hired by Stephen Mather to cook for business and cultural leaders at a two-week wilderness expedition. Mather's intention was to convince people in power to preserve nature by giving them an enjoyable experience through Tie Sing's cooking, telling park supervisors that while nature was a “splendid thing” when experienced by a content person, “give him a poor breakfast after he has had a bad night's sleep, and he will not care how fine your scenery is”. Mather's plan worked, and the National Park Service was established a year after in 1916.
Tie Sing died in a 1918 “field accident,” which possibly involved a cooking-gas explosion.

## Legacy

Tie Sing's contributions remained relatively unknown until 2011, when park ranger Yenyen Chan co-produced a YouTube documentary highlighting the history of Chinese Americans in Yosemite. This prompted Jack Shu to propose an annual pilgrimage to Sing Peak in honor of Tie Sing's legacy, as well as the contributions of Chinese Americans to Yosemite as a whole.
# 111 Squadron

111 Squadron or 111th Squadron may refer to:
* No. 111 Squadron RCAF, Canada
* No. 111 Squadron RAF, United Kingdom
* No. 111 Squadron SLAF, Sri Lanka
* 111 Squadron PN, Pakistani Navy
* 111 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force
* 111th Aero Squadron, Air Service, United States Army
* 111th Attack Squadron, United States Air Force
* 111th Reconnaissance Squadron, United States Air Force
* 111th Space Operations Squadron, United States Air Force
* VF-111, United States Navy
* VF-111 (1956–1995), United States Navy
* VFC-111, United States Navy
# Tamanuiterā

In Māori mythology, Tama-nui-te-rā (Tamanuiterā) is the personification of the sun.

## Etymology

In the Māori language, Tama-nui-te-rā means "Great Son of the Sun". The Māori word for "sun" or "day" is rā, deriving from Proto-Polynesian *laqaa.

## Legends

According to the Māori mythology the sun once moved across the sky so quickly there was not enough time in the day for people to complete tasks. The demigod Māui, along with his brothers, travelled to where Tama-nui-te-rā rose from the underworld and laid ropes to catch him, then beat him to make him travel more slowly across the sky. The rays of the sun are said to be remnants of the ropes which slow the suns journey across the sky.

## Family

In some legends Tama-nui-te-rā is the husband of Ārohirohi, goddess of mirages. In other legends, Tama-nui-te-rā had two wives, the Summer maid, Hineraumati, and the Winter maid, Hinetakurua. During the year he would divide his time between his two wives, this marked the changing of the seasons and the changing position of the sun in the sky. In winter, the sun rising in the north-eastern sky marked Tama-nui-te-rā residence with Hinetakurua. After the winter solstice the sun's changing position to the south-eastern sky was described as Tama-nui-te-rā returning to Hineraumati.
The child of Tama-nui-te-rā and Hineraumati, Tane-rore, is credited with the origin of dance.
Another son of Tama-nui-te-ra is Auahitūroa, god of comets and fires, and grandchildren of Tama-nui-te-rā are Ngā Mānawa.
# Mohammad Yasser Ghazal

Mohammad Yasser Ghazal (Arabic: ‎محمد ياسر غزال, romanized: Muḥammad Yāsir Ghazāl; born 1988) is a Syrian civil engineer and public official, who currently serves as the incumbent president of the Damascus City Council and deputy minister of Local Administration. He previously served from 10-to-15 December 2024 as acting governor of Damascus, before being succeeded by Maher Marwan. He is known for his role in the transitional administration of Damascus, following its capture by opposition forces and fall of the Assad regime during the Syrian civil war. Ghazal has been tasked with restructuring governance in the capital as part of efforts by the Syrian transitional government to unify opposition-held territories with Damascus.

## Early life and career

Ghazal grew up in the United Arab Emirates. He had pursued a career in civil engineering. He worked in Saudi Arabia until 2014, when he relocated to Idlib amidst the escalation of the Syrian civil war. In 2018, he played a role in founding the Syrian Salvation Government, a governing body which operated in the HTS-controlled part of the ares held by opposition forces in Syria.

## Role in Damascus governance

In 2024, following the fall of the Ba'athist regime in Damascus, Ghazal was appointed head of the city council, effectively becoming the capital’s chief administrator. He has focused on dismantling the centralized and corrupt structures of the former regime while modernizing the city’s governance systems.

### Administrative reforms

Ghazal's initial efforts included a comprehensive review of Damascus’s bureaucratic institutions. He convened department heads to clarify their roles and mandates, revealing severe inefficiencies and outdated practices. For example, the "Public Relations Department" described its duties as managing flags for official ceremonies, prompting Ghazal to question the utility of such roles.
He described the Assad regime’s administration as characterized by systemic corruption, with "ghost jobs" and widespread bribery. Ghazal attributed these issues to decades of authoritarian governance and economic mismanagement, noting that government employees were earning as little as $25 per month.

### Digital transformation

Drawing on his experience in Idlib, where government services were digitized, Ghazal has prioritized modernizing Damascus’s administrative systems. He contrasted the slow and corrupt processes of the former regime with the efficiency of digital governance, such as issuing identity documents in minutes rather than months.

### Challenges

Ghazal's efforts to reform Damascus face significant obstacles, including the legacy of decades-long centralized rule under the Assad regime and the precarious economic situation in Syria. Furthermore, the association of the Salvation Government with HTS, a group classified as a terrorist organization by the United Nations, United States, and others, complicates efforts to secure international legitimacy.
# Illinois agility test

The Illinois agility test is a fitness test designed to test one's sport agility. It is a simple test which is easy to administer and requires little equipment. It tests the subject's ability to turn in different directions and quickly change speeds.
The goal of the test is to complete the running course in the shortest possible time. Cones mark the course. The subject starts face down, with their head to the start line and hands on the ground by their shoulders. At the whistle, the subject runs the course without knocking down any cones.
The course can be measured out either in meters or feet (10 m long by 5 m wide or 30 ft long by 15 ft wide).
The Illinois agility test is a popular agility test used in sports and athletics to evaluate an athlete's ability to change direction quickly and effectively. The test is often used at the elite level to assess an athlete's agility and to design specific training programmes to improve agility performance....
# Ocean Park station (Staten Island Railway)

Ocean Park is an abandoned Staten Island Railway station in the neighborhood of Annadale, Staten Island, New York. The station was a flag stop and was located between Annadale and Huguenot. The station is listed as being open in 1889 and 1890. This station was not listed on a map from 1889.
# Little Girls (Annie song)

"Little Girls" is a song from the musical Annie. It was originally performed by Dorothy Loudon as the cruel orphanage keeper Miss Hannigan in the original cast of the show (1977). Other performances include those by Carol Burnett in the 1982 film of Annie, Kathy Bates in the 1999 made-for-tv version and Taraji P. Henson in the 2021 live TV version. A remixed version is performed by Cameron Diaz in her final acting role as Miss Colleen Hannigan in the 2014 update of the musical.
The lyrics describe Hannigan's hatred of the parent-less children in her care, and by extension all children. She predicts that one day the stress will drive her to "wring little necks" and that her only relief may come if she is committed "in the nut-house, with all the nuts and the squirrels" until the "Prohibition of little girls".
# Kalan

Kalan may refer to:
* The sea otter, also called kalan, a large otter native to the North Pacific
* Kalan Müzik, Kalan Music, Istanbul, Turkish independent record label of ethnic and folk music

## People

* Elliott Kalan (born 1981), U.S. comedy writer and comedian
* Kalan Haywood (born 1999), American politician
* Kalan Porter (born 1985), or just "Kalan", singer, a winner of TV show Canadian Idol

## Places

* Kalan (Turkey), name until 1936 of the Dersim Province capital, now Tunceli
* Kalan (France), original Breton name of the Bretagne town of Calan, Morbihan
* Kalán, Hungarian name for the town of Călan, Hunedoara County, Romania
* Kalan, Ardabil, a village in Ardabil Province, Iran
* Kalan, Kaleybar, a village in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Kalan, Varzaqan, a village in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Kalan, Ilam, a village in Ilam Province, Iran
* Kalan, Lorestan, a village in Lorestan Province, Iran
* Kalan, Qazvin, a village in Qazvin Province, Iran
* Kollan, Dalgan, a village in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran
* Kalan, Tehran, a village in Tehran Province, Iran
* Kalan Rural District, an administrative subdivision in Ilam Province, Iran
* Kalan, a tehsil of Shahjahanpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India
* Kalan, Mughal word used in India and Pakistan for "big", administrative suffix or prefix for places:
** In Pakistan, such as Birote Kalan or Dholla Kalan
** In India, such as Uppal Kalan or Kalan Wali
# Castabus

Castabus or Kastabos (Ancient Greek: Κάσταβος) was a town of ancient Caria. Diodorus says Hemithea was carried off by Apollo and deified at Castabus. The city came under Rhodian control, as part of the Rhodian Peraia, no later than 300 BC. In 1960, an ancient Greek sanctuary (1st century BC) dedicated to the demigod Hemithea was discovered near the city by the British archaeologists J.M. Cook and W.H. Plommer. The sanctuary consists of a temple, a theatre and numerous houses. The theatre follows the common typical layout of Greek theatres, with a wide koilon (auditorium) and a small scene-building.
Its site is located near Pazarlık, Asiatic Turkey.
# Boba

Boba may refer to:
* Boba, Hungary, a village in Vas county, Hungary
* Tapioca pearls, or boba, a starchy food
** Bubble tea, or boba tea, a Taiwanese drink
* "Boba", 8th episode of Servant (TV Series)
# Tha Block Is Hot

Tha Block Is Hot is the debut studio album by American rapper Lil Wayne. It was released on November 2, 1999, by Universal Records and Bryan "Baby" Williams' Cash Money Records. The recording sessions took place at Cash Money Studios in Metairie, Louisiana, with the executive production from Bryan "Baby" Williams and Ronald "Slim" Williams. The album was produced by Mannie Fresh. It was intended to be titled I Ride at Night.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Robert Christgau | |
| Hartford Courant | (positive) |
| The Harvard Crimson | C+ |
| RapReviews | 7/10 |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
The Chicago Tribune wrote that "Wayne's appeal lies in his esoteric slang and squeaky-voiced phrasing."

## Commercial performance

"Tha Block Is Hot" debuted at number three on the US Billboard 200 chart, selling 229,500 copies in its first week. However, in its second week, the album dropped to number ten on the chart, with an additional 117,000 copies sold. On December 10, 1999, the album earned Platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for exceeding a million copies in sales. As of June 2012, "Tha Block Is Hot" has sold 1.4 million copies in the United States.

## Track listing

* All songs produced by Mannie Fresh
Samples credits
* "Loud Pipes" contains a sample of "Rich Niggaz" performed by Juvenile.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Hi-Fi Un!corn

Hi-Fi Un!corn (Japanese: ハイファイユニコーン, Hepburn: Haifai Yunikōn, Korean: 하이파이유니콘; RR: Haipaiyunikon) is a five-member boy band active in Japan and South Korea. The group was formed through the survival show The Idol Band: Boy's Battle and debuted with the digital single, "Over the Rainbow" in June 2023.

## Members

* Kim Hyun-yul (김현율) – leader, guitar
* Son Ki-yoon (손기윤) – bass
* Um Tae-min (엄태민) – vocals, guitar
* Shuto Fukushima (福嶌 崇人) – vocals
* Heo Min (허민) – drums

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions |
| Title | Album details | JPN | JPN Hot |
| Fantasia | Released: August 28, 2024 Label: FNC Entertainment Formats: CD, digital download | 10 | 10 |

### Singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | JPN | Album |
| "Over the Rainbow" | 2023 | — | Fantasia |
| "U&I" | 2023 | 28 | Fantasia |
| "ABC is" | 2024 | — | Fantasia |
| "Phantom Pain" | 2024 | — | Fantasia |
| "Left or Right" | 2024 | — | Fantasia |
| "Beat It Beat It" | 2025 | — | Beat It Beat It |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. ||||
# Me Amaras (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Me Amaras (English: You Would Love Me) is the second solo studio album recorded by Puerto Rican singer Ricky Martin, It was released by Sony Discos and Columbia Records on April 13, 1993.

## Writing and production

The album was produced by Juan Carlos Calderón wrote all the songs for this album, except for a Spanish version of Laura Branigan's song "Self Control" titled "Qué Día es Hoy", and a Spanish version of "Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday".

## Commercial performance

In the Billboard issue dated May 29, 1993, Me Amaras entered the Latin Pop Albums at number twenty-four. It peaked at number twenty-two four weeks later. According to different sources the album sold 700,000 copies or even 1,000,000 copies worldwide. It includes fourth Billboard Hot Latin Tracks hits: "Me Amaras", "Qué Día Es Hoy", "Entre el Amor y los Halagos" and "No Me Pidas Más". In Chile, three songs went Platinum.

## Track listing

All songs written and produced by Juan Carlos Calderón, except where noted

## Charts

Chart performance for Me Amaras :
| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| US Latin Pop Albums (Billboard) | 22 |

## Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for Me Amaras :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Chile | 3× Platinum | |
| Summaries |||
| Worldwide | — | 700,000 |
# Sayat-Nova (crater)

Sayat-Nova is an impact crater on the planet Mercury. It is named for the Armenian/Georgian song writer Aruthin Sayadian Sayat-Nova. Its name was approved by the International Astronomical Union in 1979. The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.
Sayat-Nova is located on the southern rim of the larger Beethoven basin. A scarp cutting east-west across Sayat-Nova corresponds with the original rim of Beethoven.
# Herscher High School

Herscher High School is a public high school in Herscher, Illinois, United States.
The school's mascot is the Tiger and the school colors are gold and black.

## History

Herscher High School's first graduating class in 1904 numbered seven students.

## Athletics

Herscher is a member of the Illinois Central Eight Conference and participates in state tournaments sponsored by the Illinois High School Association.
The school sponsors interscholastic sports teams for both men and women in basketball, bowling, cross country, soccer, and track and field. The school sponsors baseball, football, and wrestling for men, while sponsoring cheerleading, softball, and volleyball for women.
The following teams have placed in the top four of their respective state tournament sponsored by the Illinois High School Association:
* Men's Baseball – State Champion (1999); 3rd place (2012)
* Men's Basketball – 3rd place (1981–1982)
* Men's Cross Country – 4th place (1986–1987)
* Men's Football – 2nd place (1988–1989)
* Men's Soccer – 2nd place (2013) 3rd place (2014)
* Women's Cross Country – 3rd place (1989–1990, 1997–1998); State Champion (1991–1992, 1992–1993, 1996–1997); 4th place (1993–1994, 1995–1996)
* Women's Soccer – 4th place (2007–2008) 2nd place (2010–11)
* Women's Softball – 4th place (1995–1996)
* Women's Track and Field – State Champion (1996)

## Music

Herscher High School sponsors the following musical activities: chamber choir, colorguard, concert band, concert choir, jazz band, marching band, orchestra, pep band, and show choir.
The school's music program has won the Illinois High School Association Music Sweepstakes title a record 32 times. This record is more than any other school, outpacing its nearest competitor by at least double as of the 2009–2010 school year. They compete in class B. In 1982, the marching band won the overall title for the Bands Of America (then known as Marching Bands Of America) Summer National Championship. The Marching Tigers have also won the overall title of the Illinois State University Invitational Marching Band Championship three times (1980, 1981 and 1982).

## Other activities

The school also sponsors a computer club, class plays, FFA, a math team, National Honor Society, a scholastic bowl team, a Spanish club, a speech team, and student council.

## Notable alumni

* Scott Meents, professional basketball player.
* Kerry Schall, competed on the reality show The Ultimate Fighter 2, retired professional MMA fighter.
* Tyler Stuart, baseball player in the New York Mets organization.
* Steve Reick, Illinois Representative for the 63rd District.
* Helen Nethercutt, autism activist and businesswoman.
* Travis Richards, businessman.
# Oconomowoc station

The Milwaukee Road Depot in Oconomowoc, Wisconsin, United States, is a railroad depot built in 1896 and operated by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad. It is a one-story hip-roofed building clad in split granite. The station served the Twin Cities Hiawatha from its formation in 1935 to its discontinuation in 1971, and now operates as Maxim's Restaurant. On display outside is a railway platform and Northern Pacific Railway 1923, a passenger car that operated on the Kettle Moraine Scenic Railway which was later renovated and painted red. The Canadian Pacific Railway's single-tracked Watertown Subdivision remains next to the depot.
The depot was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 and on the State Register of Historic Places in 1989.
# Old North Sacramento station

Old North Sacramento is a planned train station that will be a stop on Altamont Corridor Express and Amtrak California's San Joaquin services. The station is located near the intersection of El Monte Avenue and Acoma Street. To be constructed as part of the Valley Rail project, it is expected to open by 2029. The SacRT light rail Globe station is located nearby to the east.
# Old Saybrook station

Old Saybrook station is a regional rail station in Old Saybrook, Connecticut. It is served by both Amtrak Northeast Regional intercity trains and CT Rail Shore Line East commuter service.

## Service

Located on the Northeast Corridor, the busiest passenger railway in the United States, Old Saybrook station serves some of the rail services that pass through the station. Most Northeast Regional trains stop at Old Saybrook. No high-speed Acela trains serve the station, but they can be transferred to at New Haven to the west. However, all Shore Line East commuter rail trains stop at Old Saybrook; it serves as the eastern terminus for some trains. New London is the eastern terminus of the line, with approximately half terminating there.
Old Saybrook features a common track setup, with one island platform and one side platform, each two cars long. Unlike the two-track commuter-rail-only stations on the 50.7-mile (81.6 km) stretch of the Northeast Corridor between New Haven and New London, there are three tracks at Old Saybrook, in order to handle terminal trains on Shore Line East.

## History

The V-shaped wood frame station at Saybrook Junction, constructed in 1873 by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, originally served that company as well as the Connecticut Valley Railroad. Passengers of both lines used separate platforms but shared the waiting room.
In the mid-1980s, Amtrak leased 5 acres (2.0 ha) of land around the station for the Saybrook Junction Marketplace development. It was one of the first times that Amtrak offered a long-term lease to a private entity to encourage transit-oriented development around a station.
In 2002, a $2.6 million project added high-level platforms and a pedestrian bridge, making the station fully handicapped accessible. The new platforms opened on November 1, 2002.

### Parking

By the mid-2000s, ridership increases rendered the station's 137-space free parking lot for Shore Line East riders insufficient, causing commuters to park in the adjacent Saybrook Junction Marketplace parking lot and along roads in town. In November 2011, the Marketplace began charging a fee for commuters to park in their lot.
In March 2013, local officials announced plans for a state-funded 200-space parking lot west of North Main Street between the Upper Cemetery and the tracks. By September 2013, construction was planned to begin on the 3.6 acres (1.5 ha) site in late 2014. The state bought the land for $1.577 million in March 2014. In July 2014, the town received a $999,900 state grant to add sidewalks to North Main Street to improve pedestrian access to the station. The new parking lot was finished in December 2015, but opening was delayed because the handicapped-accessible ramps from the lot to the station were not yet finished. After a deal was brokered for the temporary use of handicapped spaces belonging to the Saybrook Station development, the 199-space lot opened on February 4, 2016. The new lot increased Shore Line East parking to 324 spaces and allowed overnight parking for the first time.