OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abriendo las puertas al amor

"Abriendo Las Puertas Al Amor" (English: "Opening The Doors To Love") is a song by Mexican singer Paulina Rubio, written by José Ramón Flórez and Gian Pietro Felisatti, from her debut album La Chica Dorada (1992). It was released as the second single in United States on February 20, 1993 by Capitol Latin. Producer J.R. Flórez, along with music director Miguel Blasco, decided to create for Rubio a piano ballad, using her particular vocal range.
The song was intended to be released as the fourth single from La Chica Dorada, but due to the success and longevity of Rubio's massive selling in America over 1992 and the following new year, it was released in a handful of countries. In the United States, "Abriendo Las Puertas Al Amor" reached the top ten of the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart, market even though there was no video filmed to promote the song.
Also a favourite track among EMI Capitol label, the song also featured on the 1994 US compilation album Ricardo Montaner y Sus Amigos, one of just ten tracks included that were re-release as a single in the US.

## Chart performance

"Abriendo Las Puertas Al Amor" debuted at top ten on the Mexican Singles Chart, where it peaked for one week. In February 1993, the song debuted at number twenty-eight on the U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart as a "power track", managing to peak inside the top ten on May 8, 1993. The song spent a total of thirteen weeks on the chart and was the second Rubio's song on the top ten. It also peaked at number nine in Panama.

## Live performances

Rubio performed "Abriendo Las Puertas Al Amor" at the Calle Ocho Festival in Miami, Florida, in early 1993. The song was also performed at the Antena 3 television show Vive El Verano in Spain, on which she was a presenter in 1998.

## Formats

US CD single
* "Abriendo Las Puertas Al Amor" – 4:38

## Credits and personnel

* Paulina Rubio – lead vocals
* Gian Pietro Felisatti – composer, writer
* José Ramón Flórez – composer, writer
* Miguel Blasco – music director, producer
* Remy Causse – arranger
* José Antonio Álvarez Alija – engineer

## Charts

| Chart (1993) | Maxim position |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 9 |
# South Street station (Pennsylvania Railroad)

South Street is a closed station located along the Northeast Corridor in Newark, New Jersey. It served two lines of the Pennsylvania Railroad before closing. Construction on the station began in 1901, the original station had restrooms, a large waiting room, baggage facilities, a newsstand, and a telegraph office. The station replaced at-grade stations at Chestnut Street and Emmett Street.

## Cancelled PATH proposal

A proposal to build a PATH station near the South Street station was abandoned. However, this was mixed up with the new station planned to be in the south ward, and politicians responded with anger to the Port Authority as a result. The Port Authority later explained the misunderstanding and that the South Ward project was not cancelled but still in the planning phase.
# Georges Maurice Jean Blanchard

Georges Blanchard (1877–1954) was a French military officer. He served in the French Army in World War I on the Western Front. In World War II, he was a general, commanding the French First Army, which advanced into Belgium during the Battle of Belgium.

## Military career
### World War I: 1914–1918

During World War I, he served on the Western Front against the Germans.

### Interwar period: 1918–1939

From 1927 to 1930 Blanchard was the deputy chief of staff for the French Army of the Rhine. From 1930 to 1932 Blanchard was chief of staff to General Adolphe Guillaumat. In 1932 he was promoted to general, and commanded the artillery of the 2nd Military Region. From 1935 to 1938 Blanchard was commanding general of the 7th Military Region. In 1938 and 1939 he was a member of France's Supreme War Council, director of the Centre des hautes études militaires (Centre of Military High Studies) and Inspector-General for the Centres of Higher Military Education.

### World War II: 1939–1940

Blanchard was appointed to command the First Army on 2 September 1939. The First Army encountered German armored forces at the Battle of Hannut in May 1940 with success but was forced to fall back to Lille after other French and Allied formations started to retreat. Blanchard took over the First French Army Group on 23 May 1940 following the accidental death of General Gaston Billotte. At Lille and Dunkirk, the First Army Group provided a blocking force that permitted the evacuation of Dunkirk. The First Army Group ceased to exist on 29 May 1940, six days after Blanchard took command. After a time as inspector of the 9th and 12th Military Regions for the Vichy regime, he retired in 1940.
Blanchard was awarded the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour in early June 1940 by French premier Paul Reynaud at the recommendation of Maxime Weygand, in honor of his actions which allowed the escape of so many soldiers at Dunkirk. Blanchard died on November 23, 1954.
# Divertimento No. 15 (Mozart)

The Divertimento No. 15 in B-flat major, K. 287, is a divertimento for two horns and strings by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. He composed the work in six movements in 1777 for the name day of Countess Maria Antonia Lodron. It is also known as the Lodronische Nachtmusik Nr. 2.

## History

Mozart composed the divertimento in 1777 for the name day of Countess Maria Antonia Lodron, a family friend and member of the Salzburg aristocracy. It was first performed on 13 June 1777 at an informal outdoor party.

## Instrumentation

This divertimento is scored for two horns in B-flat and strings.

## Movements

The divertimento is structured in six movements:
* Allegro (in B-flat major and in sonata form)
* Tema con variazioni (Andante) (theme and 6 variations, where the theme and all the variations are in F major)
* Menuetto – Trio (in B-flat major and in ternary form, trio in G minor)
* Adagio (in E-flat major and in sonata form)
* Menuetto – Trio (in B-flat major and in ternary form, trio in E-flat major)
* Andante – Allegro molto (in B-flat major, beginning with an introductory instrumental recitative, and in sonata rondo form)

## In ballet theatre

In 1952 George Balanchine choreographed for his company New York City Ballet a piece titled Caracole to this music. A few years later, he restaged it for a celebration of Mozart's bicentenary with some changes in score, choreography, costumes and set design as Divertimento No. 15. The ballet was premiered on 31 May 1956 at the American Shakespeare Theatre, Stratford, Connecticut.
# Ryūtaku-ji

Ryūtaku-ji (龍澤寺) is a Buddhist temple belonging to the Myōshin-ji branch of the Rinzai school of Japanese Zen, Buddhism located in Mishima, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

## History

Although temple records have been lost, the temple claims to have been founded by Kūkai in the Heian period at what is now Atago in Tokyo. It was converted to the Rinzai school in the Keicho era (1596 - 1615) and relocated to Mishima by Hakuin Ekaku in 1761. Although reconstructed in the early Meiji period, it had all but failed into ruins by the Taisho period, until revived by the efforts of Gempō Yamamoto.

## Abbots

* Soen Nakagawa, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji until 1984
* Sochu Suzuki, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji 1984-1990
* Kyudo Nakagawa, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji 1990-2007
* Eizan Goto, abbot of Ryūtaku-ji since 2008

## Western transmission

During the mid-twentieth century Ryūtaku-ji was led by a number of influential abbots, who encouraged and supported the study of Zen by Westerners. Most notable among these was Soen Nakagawa who was highly regarded as a calligrapher and haiku poet, often referred to as the "20th Century Bassho." Nakagawa's career included regular travel to the United States where he assisted in the founding of the New York Zendo Shobo-ji, and its training monastery in upstate New York. Nakagawa died in 1984 and his ashes were divided with part being interred at Ryūtaku-ji and part in New York.
Nakagawa was known for his enigmatic behavior derived from his dedication to ascetic and solitary Zen practice, and his rejection of the excessive formalism of the Zen hierarchy in Japan.
Kyudo Nakagawa was the abbot of Ryūtaku-ji (as well as Soho Zendo on West Broadway in New York City) up until his death in December 2007. Since January 2008, the new abbot of Ryūtaku-ji is Eizan Goto, who is also the Zen Master of Centre Assise, a meditation center near Paris (France).
* This Zen-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Absolute Power (Tech N9ne album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| RapReviews | 8/10 |
Absolute Power is the fourth studio album by American rapper Tech N9ne from Kansas City, Missouri, and is officially his very first album released through his Strange Music label. Production was handled by several record producers, including Reuben 'Bonyx' Armstrong, RonnZfromBerlin and 5150 Mental Productions. It features guest appearances from 57th Street Rogue Dog Villains, D12, Krizz Kaliko, Kutt Calhoun, Skatterman & Snug Brim among others.
The album peaked at number 79 on the Billboard 200.
The hook for the song I'm A Playa samples and is inspired by the song Rock Me Amadeus by Falco.

## Charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 79 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 28 |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 3 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Astrid Olofsdotter

Astrid Olofsdotter (Norwegian: Astrid Olavsdatter; English: Aestrith; died 1035) was the queen consort of Saint Olaf, who reigned over Norway from 1019 to 1028. She is the only woman to have a surviving skaldic praise-poem dedicated to her for her decisive address of the Swedish army in support of her stepson, Magnus the Good.

## Biography

Astrid was born to King Olof Skötkonung of Sweden and his Obotritian mistress Edla. She was the half sister of King Anund Jacob of Sweden and sister of King Emund the Old of Sweden. It is said that she and her brother Emund were not treated well by their stepmother, Queen Estrid, and that they were sent away to foster parents. Astrid was sent to a man named Egil in Västergötland.
In 1016, it had been decided that Norway and Sweden should come to more peaceful relations by a royal marriage alliance. Noblemen of both countries tried to arrange a marriage between King Olaf of Norway and Astrid's legitimate half-sister, Princess Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden, but Ingegerd was instead married to Yaroslav I the Wise, Grand Prince of Novgorod and Kiev. Instead Astrid was married to King Olaf in Sarpsborg in 1019. Some sources say that Astrid replaced Ingegerd by the wish of her father, while others say that the marriage took place against the will of her father, through the cooperation of King Olaf and the Swedish jarl Ragnvald Ulfsson.
Astrid was described as beautiful, articulate and generous, and well liked by others. She was the mother of Wulfhild of Norway (1020–1070), who married Ordulf, Duke of Saxony, and the stepmother of King Magnus the Good, with whom she had a good relationship. In 1030, she was widowed when her husband was killed. She left Norway and returned to the Swedish court, where she had a high position. When her stepson Magnus visited Sigtuna on his way to claim the Norwegian throne, she gave him her official support and encouraged Sweden to do so as well.
# Blue Ridge Regional Library

The Blue Ridge Regional Library (SBRL) is a library system that serves counties in Virginia. The library system is within Region 2 of the Virginia Library Association (VLA).

## Service area

According to the FY 2014 Institute of Museum and Library Services Data Catalog, the Library System has a service area population of 86,403 with 1 central library in Martinsville, Virginia and 4 branch libraries in Bassett, Collinsville, Stuart, and in Ridgeway.

## Branches

* Basset Branch
* Collinsville Branch
* Martinsville Main Branch
* Patrick County Branch
* Ridgeway Branch
# Fei County

Fei County or Feixian falls under the jurisdiction of Linyi, in the south of Shandong Province.

## Administrative divisions

As 2012, this County is divided to 1 subdistrict, 9 towns and 2 townships.

### Subdistricts

* Feicheng Subdistrict (费城街道)

### Towns

* Shangye (上冶镇)
* Xuezhuang (薛庄镇)
* Tanyi (探沂镇)
* Zhutian (朱田镇)
* Liangqiu (梁邱镇)
* Xinzhuang (新庄镇)
* Mazhuang (马庄镇)
* Huyang (胡阳镇)
* Shijing (石井镇)

### Townships

* Datianzhuang Township (大田庄乡)
* Nanzhangzhuang Township (南张庄乡)

## Climate

Climate data for Feixian, elevation 121 m (397 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.6 (63.7) | 24.5 (76.1) | 29.0 (84.2) | 34.9 (94.8) | 38.7 (101.7) | 39.1 (102.4) | 42.5 (108.5) | 37.3 (99.1) | 37.2 (99.0) | 35.2 (95.4) | 27.6 (81.7) | 19.0 (66.2) | 42.5 (108.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) | 8.2 (46.8) | 14.3 (57.7) | 21.3 (70.3) | 26.7 (80.1) | 30.3 (86.5) | 31.3 (88.3) | 30.3 (86.5) | 26.8 (80.2) | 21.4 (70.5) | 13.7 (56.7) | 6.9 (44.4) | 19.7 (67.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) | 2.8 (37.0) | 8.4 (47.1) | 15.3 (59.5) | 20.9 (69.6) | 24.8 (76.6) | 26.8 (80.2) | 25.9 (78.6) | 21.6 (70.9) | 15.5 (59.9) | 8.2 (46.8) | 1.6 (34.9) | 14.3 (57.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) | −1.6 (29.1) | 3.4 (38.1) | 9.8 (49.6) | 15.5 (59.9) | 20.0 (68.0) | 23.3 (73.9) | 22.5 (72.5) | 17.4 (63.3) | 10.8 (51.4) | 3.8 (38.8) | −2.3 (27.9) | 9.9 (49.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −16.6 (2.1) | −14.9 (5.2) | −10.3 (13.5) | −2.4 (27.7) | 3.8 (38.8) | 12.1 (53.8) | 16.4 (61.5) | 12.0 (53.6) | 6.9 (44.4) | −2.3 (27.9) | −9.6 (14.7) | −14.8 (5.4) | −16.6 (2.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 12.6 (0.50) | 17.7 (0.70) | 21.2 (0.83) | 35.4 (1.39) | 66.6 (2.62) | 101.9 (4.01) | 215.7 (8.49) | 223.4 (8.80) | 60.9 (2.40) | 32.1 (1.26) | 30.7 (1.21) | 15.1 (0.59) | 833.3 (32.8) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.4 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 13.3 | 12.3 | 7.3 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 81.6 |
| Average snowy days | 3.5 | 3.2 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 10.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 61 | 58 | 54 | 55 | 59 | 65 | 78 | 79 | 73 | 68 | 66 | 63 | 65 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 157.6 | 154.4 | 200.4 | 219.5 | 235.9 | 199.3 | 173.9 | 175.6 | 180.4 | 184.9 | 160.9 | 159.8 | 2,202.6 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 50 | 50 | 54 | 56 | 54 | 46 | 40 | 43 | 49 | 54 | 53 | 53 | 50 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# Webster University Thailand

Webster University Thailand closed on Dec. 31, 2021.
# American Polar Society

The American Polar Society was founded in 1934 by August Howard.

## Honorary members

Starting in 1936 the following explorers, arctic scientists and geographers have been honored:
* David Legge Brainard (1936). He was the first to receive an honorary membership.
* Richard Evelyn Byrd (1938).
* Vilhjalmur Stefansson (1940).
* Lincoln Ellsworth (1944).
* Frank Debenham (1949). He died in 1965.
* Paul Allman Siple (1957). He died in 1968.
* Louise Arner Boyd (1959).
* Finn Ronne (1960). He died in 1980.
* Jackie Ronne. She died in 2009.
* Bernt Balchen (1966)
* Laurence McKinley Gould (1969)
* Thomas Charles Poulter (1973)
* Richard B. Black (1979). He died in 1992.
* Norman Dane Vaughan (1980)
* Lincoln A. Washburn (1981)
* Charles F. Passel (1982)
* Thomas H. Manning (1983)
* Conrad Shinn (1984)
* Graham Westbrook Rowley (1985)
* Waldo Kampmeier Lyon (1986)
* William Robert Anderson (1987)
* Joseph Otis Fletcher (1988)
* Norbert Untersteiner (1989)
* Max C. Brewer (1990)
* James Francis Calvert (1991)
* Martin Arthur Pomerantz (1992)
* James R. Reedy (1993)
* Beaumont Buck (1994)
* David C. Nutt (1995)
* Charles R. Bentley (1996)
* Wilford Frank Weeks (1997). He was born in 1929.
* Kenneth Utuayuk Toovak (1998)
* Robert Hoxie Rutford (1998)
* Anthony J. Gow (2004)
* James Van Allen (2006)
* Susan Solomon (2013)
# Leader of the Free Democratic Party (Germany)

The Leader of the Free Democratic Party (German: Vorsitzender der Freien Demokratischen Partei) is the most senior and leading political figure within the Free Democratic Party (FDP), a centre-right and liberal political party in Germany with parliamentary representation. The Free Democratic Party (FDP) is, historically, also one of the most significant political parties in Germany. From 6 December 2013 to 23 February 2025, the office was held by Christian Lindner, who succeeded Philipp Rösler.
The Leader of the Free Democratic Party is supported by a General Secretary who, from December 2024 to February 2025, was Marco Buschmann.

## List
### Leaders of the Free Democratic Party

| Portrait | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | State | Chancellor |
| Portrait | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Took office | Left office | Days | State | Chancellor |
| 1 | | Theodor Heuss (1884–1963) | 12 December 1948 | 12 September 1949 | 274 days | Baden-Württemberg | None Konrad Adenauer |
| 2 | | Franz Blücher (1896–1959) | 12 September 1949 | 6 March 1954 | 4 years, 175 days | North Rhine-Westphalia | Konrad Adenauer |
| 3 | | Thomas Dehler (1897–1967) | 6 March 1954 | 26 January 1957 | 2 years, 326 days | Bavaria | Konrad Adenauer |
| 4 | | Reinhold Maier (1889–1971) | 26 January 1957 | 28 January 1960 | 3 years, 2 days | Baden-Württemberg | Konrad Adenauer |
| 5 | | Erich Mende (1916–1998) | 28 January 1960 | 30 January 1968 | 8 years, 2 days | North Rhine-Westphalia | Konrad Adenauer Ludwig Erhard Kurt Georg Kiesinger |
| 6 | | Walter Scheel (1919–2016) | 30 January 1968 | 1 October 1974 | 6 years, 244 days | North Rhine-Westphalia | Kurt Georg Kiesinger Willy Brandt Helmut Schmidt |
| 7 | | Hans-Dietrich Genscher (1927–2016) | 1 October 1974 | 23 February 1985 | 10 years, 145 days | North Rhine-Westphalia | Helmut Schmidt Helmut Kohl |
| 8 | | Martin Bangemann (1934–2022) | 23 February 1985 | 8 October 1988 | 3 years, 228 days | Baden-Württemberg | Helmut Kohl |
| 9 | | Otto Graf Lambsdorff (1926–2009) | 8 October 1988 | 11 June 1993 | 4 years, 246 days | North Rhine-Westphalia | Helmut Kohl |
| 10 | | Klaus Kinkel (1936–2019) | 11 June 1993 | 10 June 1995 | 1 year, 364 days | Baden-Württemberg | Helmut Kohl |
| 11 | | Wolfgang Gerhardt (1943–2024) | 10 June 1995 | 4 May 2001 | 5 years, 328 days | Hesse | Helmut Kohl Gerhard Schröder |
| 12 | | Guido Westerwelle (1961–2016) | 4 May 2001 | 13 May 2011 | 10 years, 9 days | North Rhine-Westphalia | Gerhard Schröder Angela Merkel |
| 13 | | Philipp Rösler (born 1973) | 13 May 2011 | 7 December 2013 | 2 years, 208 days | Lower Saxony | Angela Merkel |
| 14 | | Christian Lindner (born 1979) | 7 December 2013 | 23 February 2025 | 11 years, 79 days | North Rhine-Westphalia | Angela Merkel Olaf Scholz |
# Gulraiz Akhtar

Gulraiz Akhtar (2 February 1943 – 1 November 2021) was a Pakistani field hockey player. He was born in Rawalpindi, Pakistan to Muhammad Amin and Amina. Although his father was a lawyer by profession, Akhtar had a humble upbringing. He was fourth among seven siblings, three brothers and four sisters. Inspired by their uncle Muhammad Naseeb, a member of Pakistan field hockey team in 1950, and Naseer Bunda, a neighbor and family friend who was also an Olympic gold medalist, all three brothers, Javed Akhtar, Pervez Akhtar and Gulraiz Akhtar started playing field hockey regularly at a local playground in Rawalpindi. One of his elder brothers, Pervez Akhtar, also became an international player for Pakistan. However, Gulraiz Akhtar shone the most, becoming Pakistan's first left-half to score a goal. His career concluded with three gold medals in international tournaments. He won his first gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.
Gulraiz Akhtar served in Pakistan Customs before attaining retirement age. He remained active in hockey events and sometimes wrote in renowned magazines and newspapers.
He died on 31 October 2021, in Lahore, aged 78, and was buried there.
# Peter Cirimwami Nkuba

Peter Cirimwami Nkuba (died 24 January 2025) was a Congolese military officer and governor who served as the governor of North Kivu province from September 2023 until he was killed in action in January 2025 while fighting the M23 rebels during the latter's offensive.

## Biography

Peter Cirimwami Nkuba was born in South Kivu and belonged to the Abashi ethnic group. He had a long career in the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC). Over the course of his service, he mostly oversaw operations in the eastern Congo.
On 24 July 2020, Major General Jacques Nduru Ytshaligonza transferred command of the Sokola I operational sector to Cirimwami Nkuba who had previously served as his subordinate. In 2022, he was made commander of the Sokola II operational sector, overseeing counterinsurgency operations in North and South Kivu. In this role, he headed the government forces during the operations against a renewed M23 rebellion. In April 2023, he was criticized for alleged retreat orders, though argued that two subordinate colonels had actually withdrawn without his input.
In September 2023, the Military Governor of North Kivu, Constant Ndima Kongba, was dismissed from his post due to the deadly suppression of a religious sect by his troops. Cirimwami Nkuba was appointed his successor. Over the next months, he rallied various militias -most notably FDLR and Wazalendo- to assist the FARDC against M23. He allegedly also closely cooperated with the Burundian military which had opted to assist the FARDC against M23.
On 23 January 2025, Cirimwami Nkuba visited at the town of Mubambiro to calm the local public amid a major M23-led operation which targeted nearby Goma. At this point, the settlement of Sake was deemed the last line of defense before Goma. On the next day, Cirimwami Nkuba was shot at approximately 9:00 p.m. in Sake, overseeing the local frontline. Cirimwami was subsequently evacuated to Kinshasa, where his death was confirmed. The FARDC subsequently declared that a state funeral would be held for him, and that he would be posthumously promoted to lieutenant general. Somo Kakule Evariste was appointed as new military governor of North Kivu on 28 January.
# 1,2-alpha-mannosidase

1,2-alpha-mannosidase may refer to:
* alpha-Mannosidase, an enzyme
* Mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase, an enzyme