OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Public toilets in Algeria

Public toilets in Algeria are few in number, often squat toilets. The ancient Romans constructed public toilets in what is now modern day Algeria.

## Public toilets

There are few public toilets. The most common type in more rural areas are squat toilets. Public toilets that had open flow channels was an issue in Algeria, as some of these toilets emptied directly into the sea and caused a number of health related problems as a result.
A 2016 survey of residents of Constantine found that 17.65% though public spaces like kiosks, cafeterias, public toilets and public transport were secure, while 10.58% found these spaces hygienic, 56% found them comfortable and 1.78% said they would use them of they had no other options. 37% said lack of public services like public toilets was an issue in the city.
Starting in the second century AD, the Roman Empire started building public latrines in Italy and North Africa. This improvement was generally widely approved of, and locals integrated using these facilities into their daily lives. Roman public toilets have been located at Djémila. Roman cisterns can be found in the hills of Tiddis. Ancient Roman public latrines were also located at Timgad. Surplus water was often used by Roman aqueducts for flushing sewer systems and public toilets.
84% of homes had a sewage connection. Across the whole of the country, 95% the country had sanitation coverage.

## Regional and global situation impacting public toilets in Algeria

An issue in developing countries is toilet access in schools. Only 46% of schools in developing countries have them. Many schools around the world in 2018 did not have toilets, with the problem particularly acute in parts of Africa and Asia. Only one in five primary schools on earth had a toilet and only one in eight secondary schools had public toilets.
There are generally two toilet styles in public bathrooms in Africa. One is a traditional squat toilet. The other is a western style toilet with bowl and a place to sit. Sit flush toilets are the most common type of toilet in North Africa. Islamic teachings suggest using water for cleaning after using the toilet. A popular item for Arab travellers to take with them on trips is a handheld portable bidet.
# Las Colinas Urban Center station

Las Colinas Urban Center station is a DART light rail station in the Las Colinas development of Irving, Texas. It serves the Orange Line. A connection with the Las Colinas APT used to serve the businesses and residents of the Las Colinas Urban Center.
The station was temporarily used as a replacement for the North Irving Transit Center until the opening of the second phase of the Orange Line when bus routes were then split between the North Irving Transit Center, Irving Convention Center station, and North Lake College station.
# Alice Di Micele

Alice Di Micele is a folk musician and environmental singer and songwriter from Ashland, Oregon.

## Early life

Alice Di Micele grew up in New Jersey to a pianist mother and a school teacher father, and received her initial formal musical training in voice and on the recorder, flute, and guitar in Linden Public Schools and SUNY New Paltz. Throughout these early years she was active in several popular, short-lived, local bands; but began seriously focusing on acoustic guitar as an accomplished musician and cultural activist while moving to Southern Oregon.

## Career

In Oregon, Di Micele founded her own Independent record label, Alice Otter Music, to promote not only her own music but also that of other marginalized folk artists. The label released her first album in 1988, which included a song she wrote when she was 11 years old called "Celebrate the Rain". Di Micele has received rave reviews and has performed at many festivals, benefits, and venues. She has released 16 albums on her own label and is a part of 5 compilations.
Many of the themes of her recordings reflect her environmental, LGBT, and anti-war interests.
Her work has been analyzed to advance music therapy, outdoor education, and ethnomusicology.
Di Micele also released a children's album If I Were an Otter: Songs for Kids of All Ages to critical acclaim. Called "a pure delight" by the roots music journal No Depression, the recording features 13 original and classic folk songs including "City Mouse/Country Mouse", a duet with Vince Herman.
Her song "Chinook Blues" on her Alice Live album provided the backdrop to the video Source to Sea: the Columbia River Swim about the declining native salmon population in the Pacific Northwest ecosystem.
Her fundraising activities throughout her career have involved Open Source and Copyleft underground access to her digitized audio concerts and other works. She remains a composer and activist using the arts to inform audiences of issues related to climate change, including the wild fires devastating the Anglo and Latinx residents on the west coast. She has been involved in fundraising efforts for some of the hardest hit communities. Before the fires, she worked for decades to organize local, national, and international concerts and other community efforts bringing together artistic, cultural, financial, and other resources to help those in need.

## Discography
### Solo recordings

* Make a Change (1988)
* It's a Miracle (1989)
* Too Controversial (1990)
* Searching (1992)
* Naked (1994)
* Demons & Angels (1998)
* Alice Live (2000)
* Live at the Strawberry Music Festival (2001)
* RAW, UNFILTERED, ORGANIC (2006)
* by ebb & by flow (2007)
* Lucky Dogs (2011)
* If I Were an Otter: Songs for Kids of All Ages (2013)
* Swim (2015)
* One With the Tide (2018)
* Live at Studio E (2019)
* Every Seed We Plant (2022)

### Compilations

* In the Spirit of Crazy Horse: Songs for Leonard Peltier (1989)
* If A Tree Falls (1994, EarthBeat!)
* Circle of Life (1997)
* One Land One Heart (1998)

### Collaborations

* Petty Thievery
* Circle of Women (1997, Rhino Records)
# Movin' Out (Aerosmith song)

"Movin' Out" is a song by the American rock band Aerosmith. It was the first in the songwriting partnership of Steven Tyler and Joe Perry, and was the seventh song on Aerosmith's first album, Aerosmith. Built on a guitar lick played by Perry, "Movin' Out" was recorded on a water bed at the band's apartment, 1325 Commonwealth Avenue. The track appeared on Aerosmith's live compilation, Classics Live! Vol. 2 (1987). An alternative version of the song appears on the band's box set Pandora's Box. The song was re-recorded in 2007 for Guitar Hero: Aerosmith.

## In performance

"Movin' Out" is usually played once per tour on average. Before the song starts, Tyler introduces it as the first real Aerosmith song and tells the story of its recording and early Aerosmith history. The first known live performance of the song was on 6 November 1970 at Nipmuc Regional High School in Mendon, Massachusetts.
# What We Do Is Secret (EP)

What We Do Is Secret is a 12" EP compiling material recorded by the Germs. It was released posthumously by Slash Records in the United States in 1981 as SREP-108. It was later also released in 1982 in Italy on the Expanded Music label as EX-20-Y. What We Do Is Secret includes the three songs from the band's second release, the Lexicon Devil EP, as well as one cover, one outtake, some crowd conversation from the band's last show, and two live tracks.
The title was taken from the first track of their 1979 (GI) LP, which was not included on this release.
A 2008 biopic of vocalist Darby Crash and the Germs was also titled What We Do Is Secret.
# Cerylon histeroides

Cerylon histeroides is a species of Cerylonidae native to Europe.
# Land (song)

"Land" is a one-off charity single credited to Midnight Oil, Daniel Lanois, Hothouse Flowers, Crash Vegas, and the Tragically Hip. It was recorded in 1993 and released in Canada in 1994 on Cargo Records, and in Australia in January 1995 on Columbia Records.
All five artists were part of 1993's Another Roadside Attraction tour.
The song protests the logging industry practice of clearcutting in the rainforests of British Columbia, particularly in Clayoquot Sound.

## Track listing

* "Introduction" - 0:34
* "Land" (single version) - 5:39
* "Land" (full length version) - 6:16

## Charts

Chart performance for "Land" :
| Chart (1995) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 63 |
# Charaxes montis

Charaxes montis is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, south-western Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi. The habitat consists of montane forests.
The larvae feed on Albizia gummifera.

## Taxonomy

Described as a subspecies of Charaxes dilutus, later regarded as a full species by Victor Van Someren.

## Similar species

Charaxes subornatus is in the Charaxes eupale species group (clade). The clade members are:
* Charaxes subornatus
* Charaxes eupale
* Charaxes dilutus
* Charaxes montis
* Charaxes minor
* Charaxes schiltzei
* Charaxes schultzei
* Charaxes virescens
Bouyer et al., 2008 erected the genus Viridixes Bouyer & Vingerhoedt, 2008 to accommodate species belonging to the eupale species group.

## Realm

Afrotropical realm
# Maplewood station

40°43′52″N 74°16′32″W﻿ / ﻿40.73111°N 74.27556°W﻿ / 40.73111; -74.27556
Maplewood is a train station that serves New Jersey Transit's Morristown Line and Gladstone Branch (commonly known as the Morris and Essex Lines) in the township of Maplewood, Essex County, New Jersey. Located in "The Village" in Maplewood at 145 Dunnell Road (near the intersection with Maplewood Avenue), the station services trains from New York Penn Station and Hoboken Terminal to the east along with trains to Summit, Dover, Hackettstown and Gladstone to the west.

## History

Service in Maplewood began on September 28, 1837 with the opening of the Morris and Essex Railroad. At that time, service in then-Jefferson Village was limited to a flag stop at the Montgomery–Ogden House on Jefferson Street, a house built in the 18th century. Daniel Beach and his wife bought the property and the kitchen served as the waiting room for trains to stop. Known only as the "Stone House" stop, the name Maplewood was not attached until c. 1860. The Montgomery–Ogden House served as the station until 1859, when a new depot was built by a land speculator at Baker Street and Maplewood Avenue.
The 1860 depot was replaced by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad in 1901 with the current structure. Construction finished in January 1902.

## Station layout

Parking is available in a small lot just to the east of the station on the eastbound side (Lot 1) and a lot one block west of the station on the westbound side (Lot 4). There are also several signed areas along nearby streets, referred to as Lots 2 and 3.
Parking is restricted to Maplewood residents with permits from 6:00–9:00 a.m. on weekdays or non-permit holders for a $3 fee. At all other times, parking is free of charge, but overnight parking is not allowed. Bicycle lockers are also provided.
The station has two low-level platforms connected by a tunnel. Not all trains stop at this station, and trains may pass through the station on any track.
# Maplewood–Manchester station

Maplewood–Manchester station is a light rail station on the Blue Line of the St. Louis MetroLink system. This station is located on an embankment near Manchester Road (Route 100) between South Hanley Road and Laclede Station Road in Maplewood, Missouri.

## Station layout

The station is accessed by an elevator and stairs on the north side of Manchester Road and stairs on the south side of Manchester. Walkways built along its viaducts connect the station to large industrial and retail facilities to the north and south.
| P Platform level | Westbound | ← Blue Line toward Shrewsbury (Sunnen) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| P Platform level | Eastbound | ← Blue Line toward Fairview Heights (Brentwood I-64) → |
| G | Street level | Entrance/exit, bus bays |

## Public artwork

In 2007, Metro's Arts in Transit program commissioned the work If You Lived Here You’d be Home by Janet Zweig for this station. Two sculptures illuminate both sides of the station viaduct. The artwork seen while entering Maplewood from the west is the word “MAPLEWOOD” written forwards. The letterforms were created from new construction materials, referencing the renovations occurring in Maplewood and the city's future. While leaving Maplewood from the east, commuters will be presented with that same sign; however, it is “reflected” and is constructed of salvaged materials from two local houses that were demolished. This reflected side is meant to remind viewers of Maplewood’s past.

## Notable places nearby

* Downtown Maplewood
# Lorenz Bruno Puntel

Lorenz (Lorencino) Bruno Puntel (/ˈpʊntəl/; German:; Brazilian Portuguese:; 22 September 1935 – 16 July 2024) was a Brazilian-born German philosopher who established the school of structural-systematic philosophy. Professor emeritus at the University of Munich, Puntel was named as one of the great contemporary philosophers, articulating his ideas from the most varied traditions.

## Background

Puntel studied philosophy, theology, philology and psychology in Munich, Innsbruck, Vienna, Paris, and Rome. He studied philosophy in Munich (1968) and in Catholic theology (1969) in Innsbruck. He became a professor at the Institute of Philosophy at the University of Munich in 1975. He was a student of Karl Rahner and studied with Martin Heidegger, whose philosophy concerned him throughout his life.
Puntel died in Augsburg, Bavaria on 16 July 2024, at the age of 88.

## Philosophical work

Puntel's thought tries to reconstruct the systematics of philosophy from a very unique viewpoint, which involves the elaboration of a theoretical language, abandoning the idea of a language of predicates. Puntel drew on sources ranging from G. W. Leibniz, German idealism, Heidegger's phenomenology, and even analytic philosophy.

## Awards

From 1983, Puntel was a visiting professor at Pittsburgh, Harvard and Princeton. Retired in 2001, in 2016, he received an honorary doctorate from the Munich School of Philosophy.
He also received the Findlay Book Prize in 2011.
# Christopher Bushell

Lieutenant Colonel Christopher Bushell VC DSO (31 October 1888 – 8 August 1918) was a British Army officer and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Bushell was 29 years old, and a temporary lieutenant colonel in the 7th (S) Battalion, The Queen's Royal West Surrey Regiment, British Army, during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross.
On 23 March 1918 west of St. Quentin's Canal and north of Tergnier, France, Lieutenant Colonel Bushell personally led C Company of his battalion, who were cooperating with an Allied regiment in a counterattack. In the course of this attack he was severely wounded in the head, but continued to carry on, walking in front of both British and Allied troops, encouraging them and visiting every portion of the lines in the face of terrific machine-gun and rifle fire. He refused to go to the rear until he had to be removed to the dressing station in a fainting condition.
He was killed in action to the south of Morlancourt, Somme, France, on 8 August 1918. He is buried at Querrieu CWGC, Somme, France.
In 1923, the Christopher Bushell Prize of books, for Modern History undergraduates, was established at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where Bushell read Modern History from 1906 to 1909.
# Marconi/Arcade station

Marconi/Arcade station is a Sacramento RT light rail station in Sacramento, California, United States. It is located in the Arden-Arcade neighborhood near the Marconi Avenue arterial.
The station was opened on March 12, 1987, and is operated by the Sacramento Regional Transit District as part of the Blue Line. In 1990, it was proposed as a station location for the Capitols service.
# Oldenburg S 3

The Oldenburg Class S 3 steam locomotive was a German engine built for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways (Großherzoglich Oldenburgische Staatseisenbahnen) in 1903 and 1904. It was based on a Prussian prototype, the Prussian S 3 (see photo), and procured for the route between Wilhelmshaven, Oldenburg and Bremen. It was the first express train engine built for the Oldenburg state railways and also the first one fitted with a steam dome. It replaced the old P 4 passenger train locomotives.
Six engines were built by Hanomag in 1903 and 1904 with numbers 151–154, 160 and 161. They differed in several technical details from their Prussian counterparts, but did not have Lentz valve gear which, later, became common throughout Oldenburg.
The Deutsche Reichsbahn took over all six locomotives and grouped them into DRG Class 13.18, allocating them the numbers 13 1801 to 13 1806. They were retired by 1927.
# Hungary and the International Monetary Fund

Hungary and the International Monetary Fund are the international relations between Hungary and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Hungary joined the IMF on May 6, 1982. Since joining, Hungary has requested and been approved to many IMF loans. Its quota as of 2018, is 1,940 million SDR. The country has had eight loan agreements with the IMF in the past, but most recently has received only Stand-by arrangements and currently has no outstanding payments. The most recent Stand-by loan arrangement has been approved in 2008 to avoid a deepening of financial market pressures of the global financial crisis and was repaid ahead of schedule in 2013.

## 1960s-1980s

In late 1960s Hungary's economy was often referred to as "the happiest barrack" within the Eastern Bloc. The country's GDP per capita was outperforming the neighboring states. The more liberal economy approach that has been introduced with the New Economic Mechanism in 1968, along with other reforms had resulted in a relatively higher standard of living, as compared to other Soviet-bloc states. However, the early 1980s recession has affected the Hungarian economy as well. As the crisis began to sweep through Eastern Europe, Poland and Romania failed to keep up with their credit repayments. Hungary was unable to respond to the external shocks adequately, and the country's creditworthiness and appeal to foreign investors began to worsen.

## 1980s-2000s

To prevent a financial collapse, the Hungarian government reached out to the IMF in 1982, and after three days of reaching out, Hungary became the second Soviet-bloc member to join the fund. After receiving financial and structural assistance, Hungary's economy stabilized, however, due to high domestic expenditures, and high external debts, Hungary was affected by the recession of the 1990s. High taxation and inefficiency in the public sector further damaged the Hungarian economy, leading to a significant, 10% deficit in the 1993-1994 GDP. Hungary began the consultation with the IMF to receive financial assistance, as well as guidance for structural reform. The government started the reform by devaluating the Hungarian currency, adjusting the policies in the public sector.

## 2000s-Present

After completing the repayment of the most recent Stand-by agreement in 2013, Hungary has not requested any further arrangements from the Fund. Furthermore, following a set of controversial reforms after his election, Hungary's prime minister Viktor Orbán has also asked for the closure of the IMF's office in Budapest.
Despite the office closure, the IMF still provides interim country reports and remarks. According to the 2018 Article IV country report, Hungary is showing a 4% projected growth in GDP, a modest decline in national debt and a continuous yearly decrease of around 10% in its international debt. Hungary's current position is correlating with the desirable policies and fundamentals of the IMF. However, the Article suggests the need for improvement in productivity and market competitiveness.
# Marietta station (Georgia)

The Marietta depot is a former freight and passenger stop in Marietta, Georgia. It was originally built in 1864 for the Western and Atlantic Railroad, a railroad between Chattanooga, Tennessee and Atlanta, Georgia. That railroad was absorbed by the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway. In turn, the latter railroad was merged into the Louisville and Nashville Railroad in 1957.
The station was burned down by the Union troops of Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman in the latter years of the US. Civil War. It was rebuilt in 1898.
Presently occupying the building is the Marietta Welcome Center and Visitors Bureau. The city of Marietta bought the building from the State of Georgia toward the end of 2019.

## Passenger services

In 1946 the depot had the following Louisville & Nashville passenger operations:
* Flamingo (Cincinnati - Florida)
* Southland (Chicago - Florida)
* unnamed local train between Knoxville and Atlanta via Blue Ridge
In the same year the station had the following Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis passenger operations:
* Dixie Flyer (Chicago, north branch and St. Louis, west branch - Nashville - Atlanta - Jacksonville - Miami and various Florida Gulf Coast points)
* Dixie Limited (Chicago, north branch and St. Louis, west branch - Nashville - Atlanta - Jacksonville - Miami and various Florida Gulf Coast points)
* unnamed local night train between Nashville and Atlanta, with timed connection in Nashville to local train to Memphis
By 1961, the operations, then all run by the Louisville and Nashville, making stops were:
* Dixie Flyer (Chicago - Miami)
* Flamingo (Cincinnati - Jacksonville)
* Georgian (Chicago and St. Louis - Atlanta)
* unnamed local night train between Nashville and Atlanta

## Demise

In 1968 the Georgian was eliminated. In its place was an unnamed St. Louis-Evansville train, and an unnamed Evansville-Atlanta train. These two trains were among the trains that Amtrak chose not to pick up when it assumed long-distance operations on May 1, 1971. Thus, passenger service through Marietta ended.
# Oldenburg P 4.2

The Oldenburg Class P 4.2 steam locomotives were German engines built for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways (Großherzoglich Oldenburgische Staatseisenbahnen) between 1907 and 1909. They were based on the standard variant of the Prussian P 4.2, but there were a number of small differences such as a Ranafier steam dryer and, on three examples, a Lentz valve gear, a system widely used in Oldenburg. Production began in 1907 and eight engines were procured up to 1909.
The engines taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn were grouped as DRG Class 36.12 given numbers 36 1251 to 36 1258.
The locomotives used tenders of the 3 T 12 or 2'2' T 20 classes.
# Tournier v National Provincial and Union Bank of England

Tournier v National Provincial and Union Bank of England [1924] 1 KB 461 was a landmark legal case in the United Kingdom. The lead decision was given by Bankes LJ.
It established the conditions under which banks owed confidentiality to their clients, allowing four circumstances wherein banks were not required to guard privacy: where compelled by (1) law, (2) public duty, (3) the interest of the bank, or (4) where the client had consented, even implicitly, to disclosure.
In this case the bank disclosed to its customer's employer the fact that one of the customer's unpaid cheques was drawn in favour of a bookmaker's account. As a result, the customer's employer did not renew his contract with the customer. The Court of Appeal held that confidentiality was an implied term in the customer's contract and that any breach could give rise to liability in damages if loss results.
# Market and 1st Street / Market and Battery stations

Market and 1st Street (eastbound) and Market and Battery (westbound) stations are a pair of light rail stations in San Francisco, California, United States, serving the San Francisco Municipal Railway F Market & Wharves heritage railway line. They are located on Market Street at the intersections of 1st Street and Battery Street. The low-level platforms are also utilized by several bus and trolleybus routes.
Under the planned Better Market Street project, the outbound F stop would be discontinued to reduce travel times.