OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Virginia Square Shopping Center

The Virginia Square Shopping Center was a shopping center in the Ballston section of Arlington County, Virginia. In early 1952, it opened to complement the adjoining Kann's-Virginia store.
At opening, the 15-store center included a Giant supermarket, Peoples Drug, Fanny Farmer candy store, L. Frank Co. women's apparel, Jonas men's apparel, the Bo Peep Shop, Mary Baynes Gift Shop, and an F. W. Woolworth Company variety store.
Following the 1975 closure of the Kann's-Virginia and Kimel's Furniture Store, the center entered into a period of decline.
In March 1986, Mary Baynes Gift Shop closed its doors. Redevelopment of the Center commenced in Summer 1988, when the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation demolished the old center and erected a new satellite office and other buildings on the site.
The Virginia Square–GMU station on the Washington Metro is named after the shopping center.
# Lepraria alpina

Lepraria alpina is a species of leprose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. It is found in Europe, North and South America, Antarctica, and Greenland, where it typically grows on rocks and rock-dwelling mosses in cool habitats.

## Taxonomy

The species was first described as Crocynia alpina by Maurice Bouly de Lesdain in 1914, and was later transferred to the genus Lepraria by Mauro Tretiach and Loris Baruffo in 2006. The type specimen was collected in the United States and is now housed at Uppsala University Herbarium (UPS).

## Description

This lichen forms a granular crust with edges that are usually clearly defined. Small, often obscure lobes may be present, but these lack raised rims. The lichen has a usually present but inconspicuous white medulla. The base layer (hypothallus) is sometimes present but poorly developed. The reproductive structures consist of abundant coarse granules (soredia), typically 100–150 μm in diameter, which sometimes have short projecting threads (hyphae). These soredia often cluster into larger groups (consoredia) of 200–300 μm.
The species contains atranorin, porphyrilic acid, and a fatty acid (either roccelic/angardianic acid or more rarely rangiformic acid). Very rarely, the fatty acids and/or atranorin may be absent. The expected results of standard chemical spot tests are K− or + (yellow), C−, KC− or + (yellow), Pd− or + (yellow).

## Habitat and distribution

Lepraria alpina grows primarily on rock and saxicolous (rock-dwelling) mosses, but can also be found on soil, lichens and rarely bark. It typically grows on acidic substrates and can be found in both exposed and shaded places, mostly in cool climates. The species has been recorded from Europe, North and South America, Antarctica, and Greenland.
# IFK Björkö

IFK Björkö is a Swedish football club located in Bohus-Björkö.

## Background

IFK Björkö currently plays in Division 4 Göteborg B which is the sixth tier of Swedish football. They play their home matches at Björkövallen in Bohus-Björkö.
The club is affiliated to Göteborgs Fotbollförbund.

## Season to season

| Season | Level | Division | Section | Position | Movements |
| 2006* | Tier 8 | Division 6 | Göteborg C | 2nd | Promotion Playoffs – Promoted |
| 2007 | Tier 7 | Division 5 | Göteborg A | 1st | Promoted |
| 2008 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Göteborg B | 8th | |
| 2009 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Göteborg B | 6th | |
| 2010 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Göteborg B | 10th | |
| 2011 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Göteborg B | | |

## Footnotes

* ↑ "IFK Björkö – Fotboll Klubb". Retrieved 2011-05-06.
* ↑ "Göteborg B - Division 4 – Fotbollsserier 2011 – Fotboll – everysport.com". Retrieved 2011-05-06.
* ↑ "Björkövallen" (in Swedish). Retrieved 2011-05-06.
* ↑ "Kontaktuppgifter och tävlingar – IFK Björkö – Svenskfotboll.se". Retrieved 2011-05-06.
* ↑ "GAIS – Lagfacta – IFK Björkö". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "IFK Björkö – Fotboll – everysport.com". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "Sweden Final Tables – Clas Glenning". Archived from the original on 2010-07-31. Retrieved 2011-09-13.
# Die cutting (web)

Die cutting is the general process of using a die to shear webs of low-strength materials, such as rubber, fibre, foil, cloth, paper, corrugated fibreboard, chipboard, paperboard, plastics, pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes, foam, and sheet metal. In the metalworking and leather industries, the process is known as clicking and the machine may be referred to as a clicking machine. When a dinking die or dinking machine is used, the process is known as dinking. Commonly produced items using this process include gaskets, labels, tokens, corrugated boxes, and envelopes.
Die cutting started as a process of cutting leather for the shoe industry in the mid-19th century. It is now sophisticated enough to cut through just one layer of a laminate, so it is now used on labels, postage stamps, and other stickers; this type of die cutting is known as kiss cutting.
Die cutting can be done on either flatbed or rotary presses. Rotary die cutting is often done inline with printing. The primary difference between rotary die cutting and flatbed die cutting is that the flatbed is not as fast but the tools are cheaper. This process lends itself to smaller production runs where it is not as easy to absorb the added cost of a rotary die.

## Rotary die cutting

Rotary die cutting is die cutting using a cylindrical die on a rotary press and may be known as a rotary die cutter or RDC. A long sheet or web of material will be fed through the press into an area known as a "station" which holds a rotary tool that will cut out shapes, make perforations or creases, or even cut the sheet or web into smaller parts. A series of gears will force the die to rotate at the same speed as the rest of the press, ensuring that any cuts the die makes line up with the printing on the material. The machines used for this process can incorporate multiple "stations" that die cut a particular shape in the material. In each of these stations lie one or more of these geared tools or printing cylinders, and some machines use automatic eye registration to make sure the cuts and/or printing are lined up with one another when lower tolerances are required.
Dies used in rotary die cutting are either solid engraved dies, adjustable dies, or magnetic plate tooling. Engraved dies have a much higher tolerance and are machined out of a solid steel bar normally made out of tool steel. Adjustable dies have removable blades that can be easily replaced with other blades, either due to wear or to cut a different material, while magnetic plate tooling has a cylinder that has magnets placed in it, and an engraved metal plate is attached or wrapped around the base cylinder holding onto it by the force of the magnets.

## Dinking

Dinking is a manufacturing process. Dinking uses special dies called dinking dies, which are hollow cutters. The edges of the dies are usually beveled about 20° and sharpened. The material is punched through into a wood or soft metal block in order to not dull the edges. The die may be pressed into the material with a hammer or a mechanical press.
# Kazimierz Urbanik

Kazimierz Urbanik (February 5, 1930 – May 29, 2005) was a Polish mathematician and prominent member of the Polish School of Mathematics. He founded the journal Probability and Mathematical Statistics and served as rector of the University of Wrocław.

## Early life and education

Urbanik was born in Krzemieniec and studied at the lyceum there. During World War II the town came under Soviet control, and was annexed by Ukraine; after the war, Urbanik's family moved to Brzeg, which remained Polish. Beginning in 1948, Urbanik studied mathematics and physics at the University of Wrocław, where he was mentored by Hugo Steinhaus and Edward Marczewski. He completed a degree in 1952, and began teaching at the university while continuing his studies under Marczewski, researching general topology, measure theory, and probability theory. He completed his doctorate in 1956., and his habilitation in 1957.

## Academic career

Urbanik began teaching at the University of Wrocław in 1956. By 1960, he was promoted to professor, and in 1965 he became a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences, becoming its youngest member. He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1966. He directed the university's Institute of Mathematics for most of the years from 1967 to 1996, and was rector of the university from 1975 to 1981. In 1980, he founded the journal Probability and Mathematical Statistics, and became its first editor-in-chief.

## Contributions

His research contributions include over 180 papers. His work in probability theory included work on random variables in compact groups, connections between measurability and connectivity, generalized convolutions, and decomposability semigroups. He also studied stochastic processes, information theory, universal algebra, and functional analysis. He was the doctoral advisor of 17 students.
# Österåker United FK

Österåker United FK is a Swedish football club located in Åkersberga.

## Background

Österåker United FK (as of 2023) currently plays in Division 2 Norra Svealand which is the fourth tier of Swedish football. They play their home matches at Österåkers Friidrotssarena in Åkersberga.
The original club (IFK Österåker FK) was founded after two local clubs (Runö IF and Åkersberga IF) merged in 1928. But in 2022, in anticipation of the 2023 season, the club merged and rebranded together with another local team, Åkersberga BK (founded in 1973). IFK Österåker FK was renamed Österåker United FK while Åkersberga BK was renamed Österåker United BK and became a "B-team".
The club is affiliated with Stockholms Fotbollförbund.

## Season to season

| Season | Level | Division | Section | Position | Movements |
| 2001 | Tier 5 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 5th | |
| 2002 | Tier 5 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 4th | |
| 2003 | Tier 5 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 1st | Promoted |
| 2004 | Tier 4 | Division 3 | Norra Svealand | 7th | |
| 2005 | Tier 4 | Division 3 | Norra Svealand | 3rd | |
| 2006* | Tier 4 | Division 2 | Norra Svealand | 11th | Relegated |
| 2007 | Tier 5 | Division 3 | Norra Svealand | 10th | Relegated |
| 2008 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 2nd | |
| 2009 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 6th | |
| 2010 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 4th | |
| 2011 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 1st | Promoted |
| 2011 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 1st | Promoted |
| 2012 | Tier 5 | Division 3 | Norra Svealand | 4th | |
| 2013 | Tier 5 | Division 3 | Östra Svealand | 7th | |
| 2014 | Tier 5 | Division 3 | Östra Svealand | 9th | |
| 2015 | Tier 5 | Division 3 | Östra Svealand | 11th | Relegated |
| 2016 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 1st | Promoted |
| 2017 | Tier 5 | Division 3 | Östra Svealand | 11th | Relegated |
| 2018 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Stockholm Norra | 1st | Promoted |
| 2019 | Tier 5 | Division 3 | Norra Svealand | 2nd | Promoted |
| 2020 | Tier 4 | Division 2 | Norra Svealand | 10th | |
| 2021 | Tier 4 | Division 2 | Norra Svealand | 5th | |
| 2022 | Tier 4 | Division 2 | Norra Svealand | 2nd | |
| 2023 | Tier 4 | Division 2 | Norra Svealand | 8th | |

## Footnotes

* ↑ "IFK Österåker – Fotboll Klubb". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "Stockholm Norra - Division 3 – Fotbollsserier 2011 – Fotboll – everysport.com". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "Stockholms Fotbollförbund – stff.se". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "IFKs Historia". Retrieved 2023-04-05.
* ↑ "IFK och ÅBK slås ihop – blir nya "Österåker United" – Mitt i Stockholm". 17 October 2022. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
* ↑ "Åkersberga BK". Retrieved 2023-04-05.
* ↑ "Kontaktuppgifter och tävlingar – IFK Österåker FK – Svenskfotboll.se". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "GAIS – Lagfacta – IFK Österåker FK". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "IFK Österåker FK – Fotboll – everysport.com". Retrieved 2011-09-13.
* ↑ "Sweden Final Tables – Clas Glenning". Archived from the original on 2010-07-31. Retrieved 2011-09-13.
# Oakdale Commons

Oakdale Commons (formerly Oakdale Mall) is an enclosed super-regional shopping mall in Johnson City, New York, United States, serving the Binghamton metropolitan area. The mall has a gross leasable area of 963,475 square feet (89,510 m$^2$). The mall opened in 1975, by the development company, Interstate Properties.
The mall features JCPenney and Dick's House of Sport. In 2023, BJ's Wholesale Club announced that they would be opening at the mall in an area that had previously been used to house The Bon-Ton.
The later 2010s saw several department store retailers update their brick-and-mortar formats after being encroached upon to a degree by several digital retailers in recent years.
In 2017, Macy's, which retains several larger outposts around Albany and Syracuse, announced that after a strategy had been elected by them to solely focus on their highest achieving locations that they would be leaving the shopping center. The previous Macy's outpost was reconstructed for Dick's House of Sports, a specialty concept by Dick's Sporting Goods which opened in 2023.
In 2017, it was announced Sears would shutter as part of an ongoing decision to eliminate its brick-and-mortar format. The previous Sears outpost was reconstructed to feature "Factory by Beer Tree" a restaurant offering two levels of indoor and outdoor dining space, and Lourdes Health and Fitness which includes three large salt water pools, a steam room and sauna, and an enormous fitness floor.
In April 2018, The Bon-Ton announced that it would close after it wasn't able to establish any new conditions to satisfy its established long-term debt. In March 2023, it was revealed that the previous location of The Bon-Ton will become an outpost for BJ's Wholesale Club.
In September 2022, Burlington announced it would be transitioning to an entirely new outpost at Town Square Mall in Vestal.
On April 21, 2023, it was announced that Dave & Busters would be opening at the mall.
On October 14, 2022, it was reported the mall envisions a $117 million plan to further develop the concourse while being known simply as Oakdale Commons. The mall developer proclaimed, "We have significant plans for further development."
As of 2025, several areas of the mall are currently undergoing construction and redevelopment. This construction and redevelopment includes the former Burlington anchor to add new medical and retail facilities, new drainage systems, replacing the west side parking lot, a multiple story apartment complex in the north end of the mall, and new shops and restaurants near the south end of the mall.
# B. J. Harrington

Ben-Julian Harrington QPM is a British senior police officer who has served as the Chief Constable of Essex Police since October 2018. He started his policing career with the Metropolitan Police Service in 1990, where he worked in Chingford and Walthamstow. He is married to another Metropolitan police officer and has two daughters. Prior to becoming Chief Constable, Harrington was the Temporary Deputy Chief Constable of Essex Police.
He was awarded the Queen's Police Medal (QPM) in the 2022 New Year Honours.

## Honours

| Description | Notes |
| Queen's Police Medal (QPM) | Distinguished Service 2022 New Year Honours |
| Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal | 2002 UK Version of this Medal |
| Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal | 2012 UK Version of this Medal |
| Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal | 2022 UK Version of this Medal |
| King Charles III Coronation Medal | 2023 UK Version of this Medal |
| Police Long Service and Good Conduct Medal | |
# Chaari 111

Chaari 111 is a 2024 Indian Telugu-language action comedy film written and directed by TG Keerthi Kumar. The film stars Vennela Kishore in the titular role. Simon K. King scored the music.

## Cast

* Vennela Kishore as Brahmachaari a.k.a. Agent Chaari
* Murali Sharma as Major Prasad Rao, chief of Rudranetra
* Soundariya Nanjundan as Nalini
* Samyuktha Viswanathan as Agent Esha
* Pavani Reddy as Priya
* Rajendran as Vijay
* Satya as Rahul
* Thagubothu Ramesh as Bunty
* Srinivasa Reddy as Babu
* Brahmaji as Srinivas
* Raghu Babu as Chengalrayudu
* Chaitanya as Raavan
* Rahul Ravindran as the CM Gunasekara
* Subhalekha Sudhakar as the former CM Vijay Reddy
* Nagineedu as Home Minister Vijayanagaram
* Priya Malik as Mahima
* Goldie as Madhu

## Reception

A critic from The Times of India wrote that "Chaari 111 attempts to carve a niche within the spy comedy genre, offering a blend of espionage and humour. While it shines in performances and genre fusion, the film's comedic elements require a sharper edge to truly resonate with its audience".
# Thomas Fitzgerald

Tom Fitzgerald or Thomas Fitzgerald, Thomas FitzGerald may refer to:
* Tom Fitzgerald (economist) (1918–1993), Australian, delivered 1990 Boyer Lectures
* Tom Fitzgerald (handballer) (born 1966), American handball player
* Tom Fitzgerald (soccer) (1951–2004), American soccer coach from Florida
* Tom Fitzgerald (ice hockey) (born 1968), retired ice hockey player and general manager of the New Jersey Devils
* Tom Fitzgerald (journalist) (1912–1983), American newspaper journalist for The Boston Globe'
* Tom Fitzgerald (reporter), American television newscaster
* Tom Fitzgerald (Irish politician) (1939–2013), Irish Fianna Fáil politician, senator 1981–1982, 1987–2002
* Tom Fitzgerald, in The Great Brain children's fictional series
* Thom Fitzgerald (born 1968), American-Canadian film director
* Thomas Fitzgerald (American politician) (1796–1855), judge and state legislator in both Indiana and Michigan, and U.S. Senator from Michigan
* Thomas FitzMaurice FitzGerald (1175–1213)
* Thomas FitzGerald, 2nd Earl of Kildare (died 1328), Lord Justice of Ireland
* Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Kildare (c. 1421–1477), Lord Chancellor of Ireland
* Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare (1513–1537), also known as Silken Thomas
* Thomas FitzGerald, 2nd Baron Desmond (c. 1260–1298), Lord Justice of Ireland
* Thomas FitzGerald, 3rd Baron Desmond (1290–1307)
* Thomas FitzGerald, 5th Earl of Desmond (c. 1386–1420), subject of a poem by Thomas Moore
* Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond (died 1467/68), Lord Deputy of Ireland
* Thomas FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Desmond (1454–1534)
* Thomas FitzGerald (County Louth politician) (died 1834), Irish politician and slave trader
* Thomas FitzGerald, Earl of Offaly (1974–1997), only son of Maurice FitzGerald, 9th Duke of Leinster
* Thomas Henry Fitzgerald (1824–1888), pioneer in sugar cane farming and politics in the early days of the colony of Queensland, Australia
* Thomas Naghten Fitzgerald (1838–1908), Irish-born surgeon, active in Australia
* Thomas R. Fitzgerald (judge) (1941–2015), Chief Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court
* Thomas R. Fitzgerald (Jesuit) (1922–2004), President of Fairfield University
* Thomas W. Fitzgerald, American lawyer and judge from New York
* Thomas Fitzgerald (composer), Australian composer, musical director, conductor and musician
* Tommy Fitzgerald (born 1970), Irish soccer player
# Jinjiang International

Jin Jiang International (Holdings) Co., Ltd. is a tourism and hospitality company headquartered in Shanghai, China, and owned by the Shanghai Municipal People's Government.

## Corporate affairs

Its headquarters are in the Union Friendship Tower [zh] in Huangpu.
The group operates Shanghai's Jinjiang Hotel, Peace Hotel, Park Hotel, and Metropole Hotel. Other chains operated by the group include the Jinjiang Inn and Bestay Hotel Express, and Magnotel. Interstate Hotels and Resorts manages 382 hotels and resorts in 10 countries in North America, Europe and Asia, in which Jinjiang International holds a 50 percent stake.
In January 2015, Jin Jiang International Hotels Development Co. acquired Europe's Groupe du Louvre for 1.21 billion euros from U.S. investment firm Starwood Capital Group. In September 2015, Jin Jiang International Hotels Development Co. acquired 81% of Keystone Lodging Holding, which owns Plateno Hotels Group, 7 Days Inn and ZMAX, creating one of the world's largest hotel groups. Jinjiang International led a consortium to buy Radisson Hotel Group (former Carlson Rezidor Hotel Group) from fellow Chinese company HNA Group in 2018.

## Subsidiaries
### Jinjiang Hotels

Shanghai Jin Jiang International Hotels (Group) Company Limited (Jinjiang Hotels Group or Jinjiang Hotels in short) is the largest hotel group in China. It has more than 380 hotels and inns affiliated to it and under its management in major Chinese cities, including Peace Hotel and Jinjiang Inns. It is headquartered in Shanghai.
The Group's subsidiary company, Shanghai Jinjiang International Hotel Development Company Limited (SSE: 600754) was listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 1996. Its holding company, Shanghai Jinjiang International Hotels (Group) Company Limited H shares (SEHK: 2006) was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2006. Jin Jiang International Hotel Management Company Ltd (锦江国际酒店管理有限公司) has its headquarters in Pudong.

### Jinjiang Inns

The Jinjiang Inn Co., Ltd. (锦江之星旅馆有限公司) division has its headquarters in Minhang. The first two Jinjiang Inns in Metro Manila were scheduled to open in 2014.

### Jinjiang Travel

Shanghai Jin Jiang Tours Co., Ltd., also known as Jinjiang Travel, is headquartered in Huangpu.
# Ljiljana Čolić

Ljiljana Čolić (Serbian: Љиљана Чолић; born 1956) is a Serbian politician who previously served as Minister for Education and Sport in the Government of Serbia.

## Academic career

Čolić holds a graduate degree in philosophy and a Ph.D. in philology. She is a professor of Ottoman language and paleography at the University of Belgrade as well as an associate professor teaching Turkish at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology; and in Priština, she worked as a guest lecturer at the Faculty of Philosophy. She is a self-avowed "devout Orthodox Christian".
Čolić was a deputy in the Federal Parliament and one of the founders of the Democratic Party of Serbia. She speaks English and French fluently.

## Political life

Čolić was named Minister of Education and Sport in March 2004. As a conservative government superseded a reformist one, Dr. Čolić worked to alter and reverse changes from the previous government.
Čolić garnered controversy in September 2004 when she ordered Serbian schools to suspend the teaching of evolution unless they introduced creationism.
Researchers, teachers, the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts and some 40 non-government organisations and human rights groups voiced their concern over such a move, including UNICEF. After widespread protest, on September 9, Prime Minister Vojislav Koštunica reversed the decision and announced that Čolić would be replaced.
On September 16, 2004, she resigned after a meeting with Koštunica. Slobodan Vuksanović replaced her in October 2004.
In June 2006 she published a book titled Put (Path), staunchly defending her actions as a minister of education. During the official promotion of her book, she claimed that during her tenure, when she asked foreign advisors why they pushed so hard for the reform of Serbian education, she was told that they need plumbers, not educated people.
In an interview in November 2019, professor Milan M. Ćirković discussed pseudoscience. He mentioned Čolić's short ministerial stint, adding that because of her removal of Darwinism, she was "depicted as a heroine in the magazines and books of the global creationist movement". Čolić responded with a letter, underlining Ćirković's claim that some pseudoscience are life threatening, though he specifically used it for other movements like pseudo-medicine, quackery and antivaxers. Čolić wrote: "difference between us - adherents of the "life threatening pseudoscience", and them - serious scientists, is that we accept that incomprehensible is indeed incomprehensible, unlike them who claim that incomprehensible is comprehensible. They unlimitedly believe in limited science, and we believe in super-science - impervious to the limited human mind. As for the two 8th grade biology lessons in elementary school which I "plucked" from Darwin's ape, I added them to the previous lesson: Family and health - healthy family. Role of the family. Delinquency. Restraining and treatment of addiction illnesses."