OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Pasternak

James Pasternak (/ˈpæstərnæk/ PAST-ər-nak; born February 15, 1959) is a Canadian politician who represents Ward 6 York Centre on the Toronto City Council. Pasternak has served on council since he was elected in 2010, representing Ward 10 (later amalgamated into Ward 6). He was a Toronto District School Board trustee before his election to council.

## Background

Pasternak is a graduate of York University. He also has degrees from the University of Western Ontario and the London School of Economics and Political Science.

## Political career

Pasternak was elected to Toronto City Council in the 2010 city council election to succeed Mike Feldman in Ward 10. He was previously a Toronto District School Board trustee.

### Israel apartheid debate

In 2012, Pasternak introduced a motion that asked City Manager Joe Pennachetti to update Toronto's anti-discrimination policy and to determine whether including QuAIA in Pride events violated the policy. Pasternak believes "QuAIA is not there to support the Palestinian people; it’s there to bully and demonize Israel, its supporters and the Jewish community." The following year, in 2013, Pasternak continued to lead the effort to defund Toronto Pride over the use of the term Israel apartheid by its participating members.

## Election results

2022 Toronto municipal election, Ward 6 York Centre :
| Candidate | Votes | Vote share |
| Mike Arkin | 1,916 | 11.6% |
| Basil Canning | 1,179 | 7.1% |
| James Pasternak | 12,187 | 73.54% |
| Hope Schrier | 1,292 | 7.8% |
| Total | 16,574 | 100% |
| Source: City of Toronto |||
2018 Toronto municipal election, Ward 6 York Centre :
| Candidate | Votes | Vote share |
| James Pasternak | 11,559 | 47.61% |
| Maria Augimeri | 9,223 | 37.99% |
| Louise Russo | 2,726 | 11.23% |
| Edward Zaretsky | 771 | 3.17% |
| Total | 24,279 | 100% |
| Source: City of Toronto |||
2014 Toronto election, Ward 10 :
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| James Pasternak | 11,183 | 57.78% |
| Igor Toutchinski | 3,112 | 16.08% |
| Epstein David | 2,126 | 10.99% |
| Mitchell Michael | 1,096 | 5.66% |
| Bucao Randy | 1,040 | 5.37% |
| Masucci Liberato | 796 | 4.11% |
| Total | 19,353 | 100% |
2010 Toronto election, Ward 10 :
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| James Pasternak | 3,159 | 19.15% |
| Nancy Oomen | 2,777 | 16.83% |
| Brian Shifman | 2,632 | 15.96% |
| Igor Toutchinski | 2,605 | 15.79% |
| Konstantin Toubis | 1,887 | 11.44% |
| Magda Gondor Berkovits | 935 | 5.67% |
| Jarred Friedman | 850 | 5.15% |
| Joseph Cohen | 535 | 3.24% |
| Eric Plant | 355 | 2.15% |
| Edward Zaretsky | 326 | 1.97% |
| Robert Freedland | 244 | 1.48% |
| Drago Banovic | 186 | 1.12% |
| Total | 16,491 | 100% |
2006 Toronto District School Board election, Ward 5 :
| Candidate | Votes | % |
| James Pasternak | 6,210 | 62.27% |
| Mitchell Worsoff | 1,940 | 19.45% |
| Donna Khaner | 1,077 | 10.80% |
| Frank Bonavota | 745 | 7.48% |
| Total | 9,972 | 100% |
# Kora Badan

Kora Badan is a 1974 Bollywood drama film directed by Boota Singh Shaad.

## Cast

* Sunil Dutt
* Dev Kumar
* Paintal
* Mala Sinha
* Gurcharan Pohli

## Soundtrack

All songs were composed by Vedpal Sharma.
* "Jhurmut Bole" – Krishna Bose, Manhar Udhas
* "Paas Aake Baat Meri Sun" – Asha Bhosle
* "Zindagi Zindadili Ka Naam Hai" – Asha Bhosle
* "Main Dudh Ban Jaaungi" – Asha Bhosle
* "Meri Jawani Mujhko Sataye" – Hemlata
* "Ek Bechara Bachpan Tha" – Krishna Bose
# Andrew Nicholl

Andrew Nicholl RHA (4 April 1804 – 16 April 1886) was an Irish painter. He was a founding member of the Belfast Association of Artists and in 1847 was elected as an associate member to the Royal Hibernian Academy, becoming a full member in 1860.

## Early life

Nicholl was born in Belfast on 4 April 1804, the second son of Henry Nicholl, a bootmaker. In 1822, at the age of 18, he was apprenticed to printer Francis Dalzell Finlay for seven years. He worked as a compositor on The Northern Whig which was founded in 1824. Though he worked in the letterpress department, drawing and painting was an interest from childhood. He received encouragement from his older brother, painter William Nicholl (1794-1840), and possibly some instruction.

## Career

He found patronage under Sir James Emerson Tennent, who funded a trip to London in 1830-1832. He exhibited his work at the RHA in Dublin and at the Royal Academy, London.
Tennent's patronage also secured for him an appointment as teacher of landscape drawing, painting and design at the Colombo Academy (later Royal College, Colombo) in Sri Lanka. He embarked for Ceylon in August 1846, crossing Egypt by camel to the Red Sea, returning to Britain in 1849. After his trip to Ceylon he developed a more colorful style and painted the flower pieces that he has been remembered for. He rewarded his patron (by then Colonial Secretary) by illustrating parts of the latter's descriptive book about the island, Ceylon, Physical, Historical and Topographical. A watercolour entitled The Great Sphinx with a pyramid of Khufu and another boat of Aden indicate other stops on this voyage.
He died at Camberwell on 16 April 1886 and was buried at West Norwood Cemetery. The Ulster History Circle has a blue plaque to him at his birth house at 10 Church Lane, Belfast.

## Legacy

Queen Victoria purchased several of his drawings in 1858 and 1870. The Ulster Museum has a collection of about 380 of his watercolours and drawings. A book containing brief biographical details and reproductions of Nicholl's 1828 paintings of the Antrim coast was privately published by the Glens of Antrim Historical Society in about 1983.
# Oscar Smith (gymnast)

Anton Oscar Smith (born 6 May 1991 in Lidköping) is a Swedish trampolinist, representing his nation at international competitions.
Born in Lidköping, Sweden, he took up gymnastics in 2004. Smith is a member of the national team since 2007 and made his international debut in 2009. He competed at world championships, including at the 2010, 2011, 2014 and 2015 Trampoline World Championships. He won the 2015 Swedish Championships.
His career was paused for a year by a double heel fracture incurred while training in 2016, and he was also reportedly "troubled by an injury ahead of the 2017 World Championships". A head injury resulting in a concussion prevented him from competing in the 2019 World Cup in Valladolid, Spain.
# Aase Foss Abrahamsen

Aase Foss Abrahamsen (née Dommerud; 27 August 1930 – 7 May 2023) was a Norwegian writer. She primarily wrote for children and young adults, but also books for adults.
Her book Ikke deg denne gang from 1978 was awarded the Norwegian Ministry of Culture's prize for children's literature, and Videre lille kvinne from 1981 earned her the Damm prize. She received the cultural prize from the city of Sarpsborg in 1986.

## Early life and education

Aase Dommerud was born in Drammen on 27 August 1930, to editor Ole Aasten Dommerud and nurse Jenny Bakken. When she was eight, she moved with her family to Kristiansand. Her mother died when she was twelve.
Dommerud graduated as cand.philol. in history from the University of Oslo in 1956.

## Literary career

Foss Abrahamsen made her literary debut in 1971 with the children's book Håkon slalåmkjører ("Haakon the alpine skier"). Further books are Blomster fra Hiroshima ("Flowers from Hiroshima") from 1972, Kan ikke akkurat gå, men ... ("Can not really walk, but ...") (1974), and Hvis jeg kunne bestemme ("If I could rule") from 1977. Her 1978 book, Ikke deg denne gang ("Not you this time"), was awarded the Ministry of Culture's prize for children's literature and literature for young adults. The book handles about the love between Lene and Leif, who has contracted cancer and eventually dies. Videre lille kvinne ("Move on, little woman") from 1981 treats the subjects of unwanted pregnancy and abortion. The book was awarded Dammprisen [no] from N. W. Damm & Søn. Her books for adults include For sterk, Birgitte ("Too strong, Birgitte") from 1982, Fuglen og den hvite duken ("The bird and the little cloth"), and Alltid de andre ("Always the others") from 1988.
In 1986 she was awarded the cultural prize from the city of Sarpsborg, for her literary works. Her books from the 1990s include Timian Love (1993), on reactions to a suicide attempt, Ingen vet ("Nobody knows") (1994), a collection of short stories for young adults, and Ingenmannsland ("No man's land") (1996), a short story collection for children.
Taking part in organizational work, Foss Abrahamsen was a member of the literary council of the Norwegian Writers for Children, as well as vice chair of the board. She also chaired the board of the Office for Norwegian Literature Abroad, NORLA [no].

## Personal life and death

Aase Dommerud married physician Arne Tellef Foss Abrahamsen in 1953, and together they had five children.
Foss Abrahamsen died in Bærum on 7 May 2023, at age 92.

## Selected works

* Håkon slalåmkjører (1971)
* Ikke deg denne gang (1978)
* Videre lille kvinne (1981)
* For sterk, Birgitte (1982)
* Fuglen og den hvite duken (1985)
* En dag med sol (1987)
* Alltid de andre (1988)
* Timian love (1993)
# Comilla-13

Comilla-13 was a parliamentary constituency in Bangladesh for the Jatiya Sangsad (National Parliament), located in Comilla District.

## History

The Comilla-13 constituency was created for the first general elections of independent Bangladesh in 1973. The seat was abolished in 1984.

## Elected Members of Parliament

Elected Members :
| Year | Member | Party |
| 1973 | Abdul Hakim Mia | Bangladesh Awami League |
| 1979 | Mofizul Islam | National Awami Party |
| Constituency abolished |||
# Mass media in Germany

Mass media in Germany includes a variety of online, print, and broadcast formats, such as radio, television, newspapers, and magazines.

## History

The modern printing press developed in Mainz in the 15th century, and its innovative technology spread quickly throughout Europe and the world. In the 20th century period prior and during World War II, mass media propaganda in Nazi Germany was prevalent. Since the 1980s a "dual system of public and commercial" broadcasting has replaced the previous public system.

## Magazines

Many in Germany read the weekly Der Spiegel.

## Newspapers

As of 2015, widely read national newspapers include Süddeutsche Zeitung, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Die Welt, and Bild. "Germans are voracious readers of newspapers and periodicals.... The economic state of Germany's several hundred newspapers and thousands of periodicals is enviably healthy. Most major cities support two or more daily newspapers, in addition to community periodicals, and few towns of any size are without their own daily newspaper."
Bild is the largest highest-selling newspaper in Germany. The paper is published from Monday to Saturday; on Sundays, its sister paper Bild am Sonntag ("Bild on Sunday") is published instead, which has a different style and its own editors. Bild is tabloid in style but broadsheet in size. It is the best-selling European newspaper and has the sixteenth-largest circulation worldwide. Bild has been described as "notorious for its mix of gossip, inflammatory language, and sensationalism" and as having a huge influence on German politicians. Its nearest English-language stylistic and journalistic equivalent is often considered to be the British national newspaper The Sun, the second-highest-selling European tabloid newspaper.

## Radio

The first "radio program in Germany was broadcast on October 29, 1923, in Berlin."

## Video games

The German video gaming market is one of the largest in the world. The Gamescom in Cologne is the world's leading gaming convention. Popular game series from Germany include Turrican, the Anno series, The Settlers series, the Gothic series, SpellForce, the FIFA Manager series, Far Cry and Crysis. Relevant game developers and publishers are Blue Byte, Crytek, Deep Silver, Kalypso Media, Piranha Bytes, Yager Development, and some of the largest social network game companies like Bigpoint, Gameforge, Goodgame and Wooga.
# Waynesboro Outlet Village

The Waynesboro Outlet Village, later rebranded Waynesboro Village, was an outdoor outlet mall in Waynesboro, Virginia, as one of Waynesboro's first attempts to make the town a shopping destination.

## Operation

In its heyday, the facility housed factory outlet stores and in later years housed a combination of outlet stores and offices for nonprofit organizations.
Between its 1987 opening and spring 2006 closing, retail tenants included Bannister Shoe, Bass Shoes, Bugle Boy, Capacity, Christmas Goose, Corning-Revere, Crafters Corner, Fannie Farmer, L'eggs-Hanes-Bali, Liz Claiborne, Petal Pushers, Sam's Factory Outlet, The Paper Factory, The Ribbon Outlet, Royal Dalton, Tile Visions, Virginia MetalCrafters, and Westport Ltd. Non-traditional tenants have included the Artisans Center of Virginia, Borg-Warner Services, Computer Redistribution Team, Dance Augusta, Northrop Grumman Information Technology and One Child at a Time (OCAT).

## Demolition

The Waynesboro Outlet Village was demolished during August 2006 to make way for a new retail center, with the first new tenants planned to open in the fall of 2007. Existing tenants were required to vacate their spaces by June 19, 2006.
While some buildings in the complex were demolished conventionally, others were burned to the ground by the Waynesboro Fire Department, which conducted training exercises in the buildings. Former Fire chief Charles Scott described the situation as "win-win", as the fire department is able to conduct valuable training, while the new developers are able to save on demolition costs.

## Redevelopment

The facility that replaced the Waynesboro Outlet Village is called "Waynesboro Town Center". Waynesboro city officials confirmed in June 2006 that the shopping center would be anchored by Target and Kohl's. Target opened on October 9, 2007 as the first of several new stores.
# West End Plaza

West End Plaza is a shopping mall in Salisbury, North Carolina. It is owned by Rowan County, North Carolina.
Built starting in 1986 at Jake Alexander Boulevard and Statesville Boulevard, Salisbury Mall appeared to be in a good place. However, critics said the mall should have been built closer to Interstate 85. In August 2013, J. C. Penney, an original anchor, closed its store, and Belk moved to another shopping center later that year. Big Lots had already moved to a new location, and much of the mall was empty.
Rowan County bought Salisbury Mall in December 2013 for $3.4 million because of a need for additional office space. The mall was renamed West End Plaza.
By September 2014, with other stores in the mall closing, Books-A-Million closed.
A 2015 master plan called for moving social services and the health department into the former mall, and the sheriff and probation into their former space. Other possibilities were the library's history and genealogy room, and planning, building inspections and environmental departments. A conference center was also considered. The former J.C. Penney was used for events.
As of September 2017, the Board of Elections and Veterans Services had moved into West End Plaza. Renovating the former Penney's proved to be too expensive.
On July 1, 2019, Rowan County commissioners considered an $18.93 million plan by ADW Architects to improve the mall. This included $2.9 million to renovate a section of the mall for an agriculture center, $7.6 million for an events space, $5.1 million for exterior renovations and parking improvements, and $3.2 million for additional exterior work and traffic-related improvements such as roundabouts.
# Arthur Vickers (artist)

Arthur Vickers (born on 1947), OBC is a Canadian West Coast storyteller and artist. He received the Order of British Columbia in 2008 for his charitable work fundraising.

## Artwork

He is especially known for his gold leaf works and is accomplished in many media, from drawing and carving to painting to printmaking. Arthur Vickers' Gallery is set in the historic, picturesque seaside village of Cowichan Bay, on Southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
* Cowichan Sunrise
* Orca

### The Leadership Desk

The Leadership Desk is hand-crafted red cedar, created in the form of a bentwood box and adorned with First Nation's iconography. It was presented to the Premier of British Columbia by Arthur Vickers in October 2009 and resides permanently in the Premier's Office of British Columbia.

## Biography

He was born in Vancouver to a mother of English and Canadian ancestry and a father of Tsimshian and Heiltsuk lineage. He spent his childhood in the Tsimshian village of Kitkatla, where he spent much time with his grandfather, a fisherman and canoe carver.
In 2010 Vickers received the Distinguished Alumni Award from Camosun College and an honorary doctorate in fine arts from the University of Victoria in 2006.
# Athletics at the 1950 British Empire Games – Men's javelin throw

The men's javelin throw event at the 1950 British Empire Games was held on 11 February at the Eden Park in Auckland, New Zealand.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Result |
| | Leo Roininen | Canada | 187 ft 4+1⁄2 in (57.11 m) |
| | Luke Tunabuna | Fiji | 183 ft 9+1⁄2 in (56.02 m) |
| | Doug Robinson | Canada | 182 ft 5 in (55.60 m) |
| 4 | Antony Hignell | England | 181 ft 7 in (55.35 m) |
| 5 | Claude Clegg | New Zealand | 175 ft 11 in (53.62 m) |
| 6 | Stanley Lay | New Zealand | 175 ft 4 in (53.44 m) |
| 7 | Leslie McKeand | Australia | 164 ft 11+1⁄2 in (50.28 m) |
| | Svein Sigfusson | Canada | DNS |
# Josephine Kulea

Josephine Kulea is a Kenyan women's rights campaigner. Rescued from female genital mutilation and forced marriage as a child, she has since set up the Samburu Girls Foundation, which has saved more than 1,000 girls from similar practices. Kulea was recognised as an "unsung heroine" by US ambassador to Kenya Michael Ranneberger in 2011.

## Life

Josephine Kulea grew up among the Samburu people in Kenya. The area has a tradition of "beading", whereby male relatives give young girls beaded necklaces, force them to undergo female genital mutilation (FGM), and then are able to have sex with them. Any children born from these arrangements are killed after birth. Kulea was saved from this practice and a child marriage by a local priest, and sent to boarding school in Meru, with the blessing of her parents. After her father died two years later, her uncles wished to force her to marry, but her mother refused and made sure she stayed at school. Kulea went on to attend a boarding secondary school and the Mathari Consolata Nursing School in Nyeri.
After graduating as a nurse, Kulea refused an arranged marriage to a businessman. Her nursing training taught her that FGM was not a usual practice, and that its use in Samburu did not accord with the situation in other communities. Kulea received funding in 2008 to help her to rescue other girls from Samburu, Laikipia, and Isiolo. One of the first rescues she carried out was of her two cousins, one of whom was to be married at the age of 10, and then her sister who, at the age of 7, had been made to replace her. She managed to have her uncles, who were behind the practice, arrested (FGM and child marriage were made illegal in Kenya in 2011).
Kulea founded the Samburu Girls Foundation in 2012, and by September of that year it had rescued 56 girls and helped to arrange their secondary education. Additionally, thirteen of the girls' babies had been placed into children's homes. Kulea works alongside the police and the wife of Samburu West MP Simeon Lesrima. She relies on a network of informants to let them know when illegal practices are taking place. She also hosts a radio programme to raise awareness of the illegal practices and inform people of her foundation. By the end of 2016, she is said to have saved more than 1,000 girls from FGM and forced marriage.
Kulea and the foundation are opposed by some politicians and churches, who are afraid of losing votes or members, and has been subject to threats and curses from community elders. Her favourite quote is: “When you educate a man, you educate an individual. When you educate a woman, you educate a nation.” by James Emman Kwegyir Aggrey.
# Nick Walshe

Nicholas Patrick James Walshe (born 1 November 1974 in Chiswick, London), is a rugby union coach and former player. He was capped twice for England, and was Head Coach of the England Under 20 taking them to successive victories in the 2013 and 2014 IRB Junior World Championship.

## Education

Walshe was educated at Worth, an independent school in West Sussex.

## Playing career

Walshe played at scrum-half.
He moved from Saracens to Sale Sharks in 2002. He moved again in 2004 to Bath.
Walshe was first called up to the senior England squad by Clive Woodward for the 2000 England rugby union tour of South Africa. He appeared several times over the years for the England A Team before winning his two full caps as a replacement on the 2006 tour to Australia.

## Coaching career

In 2007 Walshe began coaching part-time at a local Bath club, Old Sulians, laying the foundations for their promotion to the Somerset Premier. Walshe moved on again at the beginning of 2008 to a player/backs coach role at Bedford Blues.

### England U-20s

In 2011 Walshe moved to work at the RFU Elite Rugby Department as Assistant Coach to Rob Hunter for the England Under 20's Squad.
In 2013 he moved to Head Coach and became leader of the team that for the first time ever secured England as the IRB Junior World Champions for 2013. In that particular tournament in France, England set another record achievement of defeating the four times IRB Junior World Champions, The New Zealand All Blacks in the semi-finals.
In 2014 Walshe and his team successfully defended their championship title, in Auckland, New Zealand.

### Gloucester

From June 2014 to May 2016 he held the position of backs and attack coach at Gloucester Rugby.

### Coventry

In September of the 2016–2017 season he joined Coventry Rugby Club as attack coach, and guided the team to a 4th-place finish in RFU National One. In June 2017 it was announced that Walshe signed a new contract to become Head Coach at Coventry, ahead of the 2017/18 season.
# Petro Lytvyn

Petro Mykhailovych Lytvyn (Ukrainian: Петро Михайлович Литвин; born 12 June 1967) is a Ukrainian commander and lieutenant general. He served as the commander of the 8th Army Corps from 2012 to 2015. He is the youngest brother of the Lytvyn family.

## Biography

In 1990 Lytvyn graduated the Kiev Armor-Engineer College. He served at the Soviet Far Eastern Military District and Carpathian Military District.
In 2001 Lytvyn graduated the Tactical operations faculty of National University of Defense of Ukraine. He served at the Ukrainian Northern and Western Operational Commands.
In June 2007, he became the commander of the Operational Command South.
In 2008 Lytvyn graduated the Strategic operations faculty of National University of Defense of Ukraine.
On August 25, 2012, in Novohrad-Volynskyi Petro Lytvyn attacked activists of "Vidsich" who were distributing leaflets in the "Revenge for division of Ukraine" campaign.

### War in Donbas

During the War in Donbas, Lytvyn was placed in charge of the Sector D which was completely destroyed on August 24, 2014, and lead to the tragic events of Battle of Ilovaisk. According to witnesses, Lytvyn left his troops and fled the battlefield on 25 August.

### Diplomatic work

Since June 19, 2018, he has served as the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine to the Republic of Armenia. He was dismissed from this position on July 19, 2019.

## Awards

* Order of Merit 2nd class (August 24, 2013)
* Order of Merit 3rd class (February 21, 2005)
* Defender of the Motherland Medal