OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Encapsulation (networking)

Encapsulation is the computer-networking process of concatenating layer-specific headers or trailers with a service data unit (i.e. a payload) for transmitting information over computer networks. Deencapsulation (or de-encapsulation) is the reverse computer-networking process for receiving information; it removes from the protocol data unit (PDU) a previously concatenated header or tailer that an underlying communications layer transmitted.
Encapsulation and deencapsulation allow the design of modular communication protocols so to logically separate the function of each communications layer, and abstract the structure of the communicated information over the other communications layers. These two processes are common features of the computer-networking models and protocol suites, like in the OSI model and internet protocol suite. However, encapsulation/deencapsulation processes can also serve as malicious features like in the tunneling protocols.
The physical layer is responsible for physical transmission of the data, link encapsulation allows local area networking, IP provides global addressing of individual computers, and TCP selects the process or application (i.e., the TCP or UDP port) that specifies the service such as a Web or TFTP server.
For example, in the IP suite, the contents of a web page are encapsulated with an HTTP header, then by a TCP header, an IP header, and, finally, by a frame header and trailer. The frame is forwarded to the destination node as a stream of bits, where it is decapsulated into the respective PDUs and interpreted at each layer by the receiving node.
The result of encapsulation is that each lower-layer provides a service to the layer or layers above it, while at the same time each layer communicates with its corresponding layer on the receiving node. These are known as adjacent-layer interaction and same-layer interaction, respectively.
In discussions of encapsulation, the more abstract layer is often called the upper-layer protocol while the more specific layer is called the lower-layer protocol. Sometimes, however, the terms upper-layer protocols and lower-layer protocols are used to describe the layers above and below IP.
# Ted S. Nelson

Theodore Sgambelluri Nelson (May 17, 1935 – February 10, 2025) was a Guamanian politician. A member of the Democratic Party of Guam, Nelson served as Vice Speaker of Guam Legislature and senator in the Guam Legislature for 6 terms.

## Background

Nelson was born on May 17, 1935, to Peter Flores Torres Nelson and Laura Sgambelluri. Nelson graduated from George Washington High School. He earned an Associate of Arts degree from the College of Guam, a bachelor's degree from Ohio State University, and a master's degree from the University of New Mexico.
He taught physical education at George Washington High School. He served as vice principal of George Washington Junior High School and later John F. Kennedy High School. He served as principal at George Washington Junior and Senior High Schools. He served as a special assistant under Governor Camacho and Governor Bordallo.
Nelson was married to Gloria Camacho Borja and had four children and one adopted daughter.
He was the paternal grandfather of Senator Telena Cruz Nelson.
Ted S. Nelson died on February 10, 2025, at the age of 89.

## Arriola-Nelson Gubernatorial Ticket

In 1974, Joaquin C. "Kin" Arriola teamed up with Nelson in the Democratic Party of Guam Gubernatorial Primary. In the primary, Arriola-Nelson placed 4th against the teams of Ricardo Bordallo and Rudolph G. Sablan, Pedro C. Sanchez and Esteban U. Torres, and Manuel F.L. Guerrero and David D.L. Flores, with 1,254 votes.

## Guam Constitutional Convention 1977

During the 1977 Guam Constitutional Convention, Nelson served as a delegate from Mongmong-Toto-Maite and secretary of the convention.

## Guam Legislature
### Elections

| Election Year | Guam Legislature | Primary Placement | General Placement | Result |
| 1978 | 15th Guam Legislature | 2 (2nd District) | 9 (2nd District) | Not elected |
| 1980 | 16th Guam Legislature | ... (2nd District) | 8 (2nd District) | Not elected |
| 1982 | 17th Guam Legislature | 5 | 5 | Elected |
| 1984 | 18th Guam Legislature | 3 | 12 | Elected |
| 1986 | 19th Guam Legislature | 3 | 5 | Elected |
| 1988 | 20th Guam Legislature | 5 | 14 | Elected |
| 1990 | 21st Guam Legislature | 2 | 22 | Not elected |
| 1992 | 22nd Guam Legislature | No primary election | 21 | Elected |
| 1994 | 23rd Guam Legislature | 7 | 14 | Elected |
| 1996 | 24th Guam Legislature | 11 | 23 | Not elected |
| 1998 | 25th Guam Legislature | No primary election | 18 | Not elected |
| 2000 | 26th Guam Legislature | No primary election | 25 | Not elected |
| 2002 | 27th Guam Legislature | 11 | 23 | Not elected |
| 2004 | 28th Guam Legislature | 10 | 26 | Not elected |

### Leadership roles

Nelson served as vice president of the Association of Pacific Island Legislatures from January 1, 1995, to December 31, 1996.
# Mats Seuntjens

Mats Seuntjens (Dutch pronunciation:; born 17 April 1992) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Eredivisie club Groningen.

## Club career

Seuntjens played as a youth for BSV Boeimeer, and at the age of 18 joined the NAC Breda youth academy in 2010 as an under-19 player. He made his professional debut for the club 28 January 2012 in a match against De Graafschap.
On 30 May 2016, Seuntjens moved to AZ, after an impressing 2015–16 season with NAC where he scored 13 goals and made 14 assists in 35 appearances in the Eerste Divisie. He made his debut for AZ on 28 July in a Europa League qualifier against Greek club PAS Giannina, coming on as a 87th-minute substitute for Joris van Overeem in a 1–0 home win. During his three seasons in Alkmaar, Seuntjens made 110 total appearances in which he scored 11 goals.
On 1 July 2019, Seuntjens signed a two-year contract with Turkish Süper Lig club Gençlerbirliği after having lost his spot in the AZ starting eleven under new head coach Arne Slot. He made his official debut for the club on 17 August as a starter in a 1–0 loss to Rizespor.
Seuntjens moved to Fortuna Sittard on 15 August 2020 after an unsuccessful spell in Turkey.
On 1 January 2023, Seuntjens moved to RKC Waalwijk, after 2.5 years with Fortuna Sittard. On 9 June, he signed a one-season contract with FC Utrecht, with the club holding an option to extend for one more year, but returned to RKC Waalwijk on 13 January 2024.
On 15 July 2024, Seuntjens moved to Spain and was announced at Segunda División side Castellón, managed by compatriot Dick Schreuder.
On 3 January 2025, Seuntjens returned to the Netherlands and signed a one-and-a-half-year contract with Groningen.

## Personal

His brother is professional footballer Ralf Seuntjens.

## Honours

Individual
* Eredivisie Team of the Month: August 2021,
# Kent River

The Kent River is a river in the Great Southern region of Western Australia.
The headwaters of the river rise near Tenterden. The river flows in a south-westerly direction, crosses the Muir Highway east of Rocky Gully, flows through Mount Roe and Mount Lindesay national parks, crosses the South Coast Highway near Kenton, flows through the Owingup Nature Reserve swampland and finally discharges into the eastern side of Irwin Inlet.
There are two tributaries to the Kent: Styx River and Nile Creek.
The river was named in 1829 by Thomas Wilson, the first European to explore the river. He named it after a member of his exploration party John Kent, of the 39th Regiment, Assistant Commissary General at the King George Sound garrison.
# Danielle Small

Danielle Margaret Small (born 7 February 1979) is a retired Australian soccer player, who played for Sydney FC in the Australian W-League.
Small has represented Australia at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup, the 2004 Olympics, and the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup. She played in the USA Collegiate NCAA Division One Soccer Competition finishing her career at San Diego State University in 2001, studying Exercise Physiology. Previous colleges include University of Mobile, Alabama, and Phillips University in Enid, Oklahoma. Small played two seasons in the U.S. WPSL, representing the Jackson Calypso, Mississippi in 1998, and the Adirondack Lynx, New York in 2006. She completed a degree in Biomedical Science, Forensic Biology at The University of Technology, Sydney in 2010.
Small was married to cricketer Phil Jaques. The couple met in 2000, got engaged in 2004 and were married from 2006 to 2009.

## International goals

| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 23 February 2007 | Zhongshan Soccer Stadium, Taipei, Taiwan | Uzbekistan | 4–0 | 10–0 | 2008 Summer Olympics qualification |
| 2. | 25 February 2007 | Zhongshan Soccer Stadium, Taipei, Taiwan | Chinese Taipei | 7–1 | 8–1 | 2008 Summer Olympics qualification |
| 3. | 7 April 2007 | Coffs Harbour International Stadium, Coffs Harbour, Australia | Hong Kong | 10–0 | 15–0 | 2008 Summer Olympics qualification |
# Los Angeles Airways

Los Angeles Airways (LAA) was a helicopter airline founded in October 1947 by Clarence Belinn and based in Westchester, California, which offered service to area airports throughout Southern California.

## History

Los Angeles Airways commenced airmail service on October 1, 1947, followed by scheduled passenger service in November 1954, making it the world's first scheduled helicopter airline. The main hub was Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) where passengers were flown to and from local area heliports, including Disneyland Resort in Anaheim and the Newporter Resort in Newport Beach. Service was later expanded to Ontario and San Bernardino. LAA's fleet grew with the acquisition of four Sikorsky S-61's in March 1962; the airline became the first civil operator of the type, at a purchased price of $650,000 each. On October 25, 1965, the Civil Aeronautics Board granted LAA a permanent certificate to continue scheduled passenger airline operations over the greater Los Angeles area. This, in conjunction with their authority from the Federal Aviation Administration to conduct flights under instrument flight rules (IFR), gave the company more flexibility to operate at night and in poor weather. Even though LAA was granted certification by the CAB, the CAB ended the approximately $4.3 million per year in subsidiaries for LAA, because they deemed commercial helicopter service not viable. The company considered obtaining the Sikorsky S-64 Skycrane, with detachable passenger sections, but failed to secure financing for the acquisition. In the following years the company suffered two fatal accidents, and with the failure to consummate a contract with Golden West Airlines in which it would have been purchased, Los Angeles Airways ceased operations in 1971.

### Aircraft operated

* 5 Sikorsky S-51
* 7 Sikorsky S-55
* 7 Sikorsky S-61L
* 2 Sikorsky S-62A
* 4 DHC-6 Twin Otter

## Accidents

* In January 1949, a Sikorsky S-51 crashed off the terminal annex post office in Downtown Los Angeles, killing pilot Harry Slemmons, 27.
* On July 2, 1951, a Sikorsky S-51 crashed in an orange grove between Pomona, California and Ontario, fatally injuring pilot John De Blau, 29, and civil aeronautics inspector, Wyman Ellis Jr., 44, both of Los Angeles.
* On August 27, 1951, a Sikorsky S-51 shed main rotor blades just prior to landing at Lynwood, coming down on Lynwood Road, and killing pilot Carl D. Crew, 24, of Inglewood, California.
* On May 22, 1968, Los Angeles Airways Flight 841, operating a Sikorsky S-61L, crashed in Paramount, California resulting in the loss of 23 lives.
* On August 14, 1968, Los Angeles Airways Flight 417, crashed in Compton, California resulting in the loss of 21 lives, including the grandson of Clarence Belinn. The crash was caused due to an issue with the rotor.
# Perpetual Peace (disambiguation)

Perpetual Peace or Eternal Peace may refer to:
* Perpetual peace, a concept in Kantian philosophy
* Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch by Immanuel Kant
Treaty of Perpetual Peace and similar may refer to:
* Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty, instituting an "eternal peace" between the Hittite and Egyptian empires.
* Perpetual Peace (532) (ἀπέραντος εἰρήνη), signed between the Byzantine and the Sassanid empires
* Ewiger Landfriede, a pax perpetua agreed at the Diet of Worms in 1495, which banned the right of vendetta in the Holy Roman Empire.
* Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1502), between England and Scotland
* Perpetual Peace (1516), signed between the Old Swiss Confederacy and Francis I of France
* Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1534), between England and Scotland
* Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1686), signed between the Tsardom of Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
* Entente Cordiale (1904), a frame agreement consisting of a number of treaties that were intended to create perpetual peace between United Kingdom and France
# Saint Fergus

Saint Fergus (also Fergustian) (died c. 730 AD) was a bishop who worked in Scotland as a missionary.

## Life

Ten saints of this name are mentioned in the martyrology of Donegal.
The exact date and place of Fergus's birth remain unknown. He was a contemporary of St. Drostan and St. Donevaldus. The name is of Pictish origin and he is recorded as Fergus, a Pictish bishop, so it is generally considered he was from the north east of what is now called Scotland. In the Aberdeen Breviary he is called Fergustian and "he occupied himself in converting the barbarous people." He is thought to have trained in Ireland or the south of Scotland, possibly both.
Known in the Irish martyrologies as St. Fergus Cruithneach, or the Pict, the Breviary of Aberdeen states that he had been a bishop for many years in Ireland when he went on a mission to Alba with some chosen priests and other clerics. He settled first near Strageath, in Upper Strathearn, in Upper Perth, and erected three churches in that district. The churches of Strageath, Blackford, and Dolpatrick are found there dedicated to St. Patrick. He next evangelized Caithness and established there the churches of Wick and Halkirk.
The church Fergus built at Glamis would have been in the Celtic "mud and wattle" style, not far from the present kirk. He may have been the Fergustus Pictus who went to Rome in 721, but such a contention relies solely on the similarity of a common name. He died about 730 and was buried at Glamis, Angus, where the recently restored St Fergus' Well can be visited. The village church at Eassie is dedicated to Saint Fergus; the noted Pictish Eassie Stone has been moved to that church.

## Veneration

During the time of James IV, the Abbot of Scone removed his head to Scone church and built an expensive shrine for it. Aberdeen was able to obtain an arm of the saint.
Saint Fergus is the patron saint of Glamis and Wick.
The Martyrology of Tallaght mentions his festival on 8 September, but in Scotland it was previously on 18 November.
# Crystal Waters (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Guardian | |
Crystal Waters is the third studio album by singer-songwriter Crystal Waters, released on June 24, 1997, by Mercury Records/Polygram. It includes her third pop crossover hit, "Say... If You Feel Alright", produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis the song was also included in the compilation celebrating NBA's 50 years. "Just a Freak" featuring Dennis Rodman was a club hit, a music video was filmed with clips from Rodman's movie "Double Team (film)", and while not issued as a single, "Spin Me" (with background vocals by Karla Brown) which contains an interpolation of the Dead or Alive Hi-NRG classic, "You Spin Me Round (Like a Record)", is well known for having been featured on several Crystal Waters compilations. The album has sold over 100,000 copies worldwide regardless of her record label at that time "Mercury Records" going through difficult times and failing to promote their albums properly between 1997 and 1998 when Polygram was being sold to Seagram.

## Track listing

* "Momma Told Me" (C. Waters, T. Douglas, J. Steinhour, G. Hudgins, A. Blast) – 6:16
* "Love I Found" (C. Waters, T. Douglas, J. Steinhour, G. Hudgins, L. Dorsey) – 5:56
* "On My Mind" (C. Waters, T. Douglas, Maurice White, Al McKay, Alice Willis) – 5:10
* "Uptown" (Prince) – 3:53
* "Say... If You Feel Alright" (J. Harris III, T. Lewis, C. Waters, M. White, A. McKay, A. Willis) – 3:56
* "Easy" (C. Waters, T. Douglas, J. Steinhour, Irvin Madden) – 5:36
* "Female Intuition" (C. Waters, R. Nowels, B. Steinberg, G. Black) – 4:52
* "Let Go My Love" (C. Waters, T. Douglas, J. Steinhour, G. Hudgins) – 5:24
* "Just a Freak" (featuring Dennis Rodman, (C. Waters, R. Payton, D. Smith) – 4:12
* "Body Music" (C. Waters, D. Austin) – 4:43
* "Spin Me" (C. Waters, P. Burns, S. McCoy, M. Percy, T. Lever) – 4:53
* "Passion" (C. Waters, T. Douglas, J. Steinhour) – 5:44
* "Who Taught You How" (C. Waters, E. Kupper) - 4:58 (International Bonus Track)
* "Something To Remember" - 4:02 (Japan Only Bonus Track)
# Odysee

Odysee is an American decentralized video hosting platform built on the LBRY blockchain. It positions itself as an alternative to mainstream services like YouTube, but with a focus on free speech and decentralization.
The platform enables users to upload, share, and monetize videos through crypto currency, while maintaining content persistence through a peer-to-peer network.

## History

Odysee was founded in 2020 by Julian Chandra.
In June 2024, Odysee was acquired by Forward Research. The acquisition took place after Odysee's former parent company LBRY lost a lawsuit from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in July 2023.

## Technology

Odysee is driven by blockchain, a decentralized protocol that allows digital content to be distributed and stored without a central authority. This blockchain network supports a peer-to-peer infrastructure, which allows users to upload and share videos. The metadata of uploaded content is stored on the blockchain, while the videos themselves are hosted across a distributed network of users, referred to as nodes.

## Moderation

Since its launch in September 2020, Odysee has been at the center of several controversies, primarily due to its content moderation policies and decentralized structure, which critics argue have allowed harmful content to flourish. The platform's approach to content moderation, which is significantly less restrictive compared to mainstream platforms like YouTube, has attracted a range of users, including far-right groups, conspiracy theorists, and individuals banned from other platforms.
In addition to allegations of facilitating hate speech, Odysee has also been criticized for hosting disinformation, particularly around topics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines, and political issues. The platform's decentralized nature makes it difficult for content to be effectively moderated or removed, allowing misinformation and disinformation to spread without significant resistance. This has raised concerns about the proliferation of conspiracy theories related to elections, public health, and other widely debunked claims.
Odysee has faced geo-blocking restrictions in regions such as the European Union, where governments have raised concerns about content deemed harmful or disinformation.

## Arweave

Arweave is a decentralized data storage network that uses a blockweave structure and Proof of Access (PoA) to enable permanent, censorship-resistant digital storage. Its native AR token pays for storage and incentivizes participants.
The network has been used to archive content in censorship-sensitive regions like Hong Kong and during conflicts such as the Ukraine invasion. In 2024, Arweave reached over 7 million users following Forward Research’s acquisition of platforms including Odysee and Solarplex.
# Joseph of Hesse-Darmstadt

Joseph Ignaz Philipp of Hesse-Darmstadt (22 January 1699 – 20 August 1768) was the Prince-Bishop of Augsburg from 1740 to 1768.

## Early life

Landgrave Joseph Ignaz Philipp of Hesse-Darmstadt was born in Brussels on 22 January 1699, the son of Philip of Hesse-Darmstadt and his wife Princess Marie Ernestine of Croy-Havré (1673–1714), second daughter of Ferdinand Joseph von Croÿ, 3rd Duke of Havré (1644–1694). He was raised partially in Mantua.

## Biography

He was ordained as a priest in Augsburg on 13 March 1729. The cathedral chapter of Augsburg Cathedral elected him to be Prince-Bishop of Augsburg on 18 August 1740 and Pope Benedict XIV confirmed this appointment on 2 January 1741. He was subsequently consecrated as a bishop by Johann Jakob von Mayr, auxiliary bishop of Augsburg, on 12 February 1741.
On 29 April 1764 the cathedral chapter of Augsburg Cathedral elected Prince Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony as his coadjutor bishop, an appointment approved by Pope Clement XIII only on the condition that Prince Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony would renounce his titles of Prince-Bishop of Freising and Prince-Bishop of Regensburg upon becoming Prince-Bishop of Augsburg.
Joseph Ignaz Philipp von Hessen-Darmstadt died in Plombières-les-Bains on 20 August 1768.
# New Hampshire Governor's Mansion

The New Hampshire Governor's Mansion, known as "Bridges House", is the official residence of the governor of New Hampshire and the governor's family. Bridges House, located at 21 Mountain Road in Concord, the capital of New Hampshire, has served as the governor's official residence since 1969. Built in 1836, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in December 2005, and the New Hampshire State Register of Historic Places in July 2005.

## Description and history

The New Hampshire Governor's Mansion is located in a rural-residential setting about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of downtown Concord, on the west side of Mountain Road (New Hampshire Route 132) north of the East Concord exit from Interstate 93. It is set on eleven landscaped acres, with views toward downtown Concord, Rattlesnake Hill, and the Merrimack River valley. The house is a 2+1⁄2 story brick building, with a side gable roof and end chimneys. It is oriented facing south, with a five-bay front facade. The main entrance is at the center, flanked by sidelight windows and topped by an entablature and granite lintel. Windows are set in rectangular openings, with granite sills, and granite lintels on the first floor windows. The street-facing east facade has a pedimented brick gable with a deep recess at the center and ogee crown moulding along the rake edge.
The house was built by Charles Graham about 1836. It is a particularly early example in the state of Greek Revival architecture executed in brick, a building material that was only then beginning to come into wider use for home construction in central New Hampshire. Styles Bridges, governor of New Hampshire (1935–37) and U.S. senator for 25 years thereafter, lived here from 1946 until his death. Bequeathed to the state upon the death of his widow Doloris Bridges, in 1969 it became the governor's official residence.
During the 1980s, New Hampshire First Lady Nancy Sununu oversaw the first major renovations in the mansion's history.
Not all governors live in the mansion during their tenure. Recent examples include John Lynch, a resident of nearby Hopkinton, and Maggie Hassan, a resident of Exeter, who resided instead on the campus of Phillips Exeter Academy where her husband, Thomas Hassan, served as principal.
# Ovidiu Mendizov

Ovidiu Mendizov (Russian: Овидиу Мендизов; born 9 August 1986 in Romania) is a Romanian footballer.