OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kanyama (constituency)

Kanyama is a constituency of the National Assembly of Zambia. It covers the Lusaka suburbs of Kanyama, Chibolya and Makeni in Lusaka District of Lusaka Province.

## List of MPs

| Election year | MP | Party |
| 1973 | Fleefort Chirwa | United National Independence Party |
| 1978 | Fleefort Chirwa | United National Independence Party |
| 1983 | Alfayo Hambayi | United National Independence Party |
| 1988 | Donald Chilufya | United National Independence Party |
| 1991 | Marriam Nyanga | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy |
| 1996 | Nakatindi Wina | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy |
| 2001 | Henry Mtonga | United Party for National Development |
| 2006 | Henry Mtonga | Patriotic Front |
| 2008 (by-election) | Gerry Chanda | Patriotic Front |
| 2011 | Gerry Chanda | Patriotic Front |
| 2016 | Elizabeth Phiri | Independent |
| 2021 | Monty Chinkuli | United Party for National Development |
# Nonmyelinating Schwann cell

The nonmyelinating Schwann cells are a subgroup of the Schwann cells characterized by not forming myelin.
The group of nonmyelinating Schwann cells includes the terminal Schwann cells, present at neuromuscular junctions, the Schwann cells of Remak fibers (also called Remak Schwann cells) and the Schwann cells associated to sensory structures, like tactile corpuscles and lamellar corpuscles.

## Remak Schwann cells

The Schwann cells of Remak fibers, or Remak Schwann cells (RSCs), are named after the German neurobiologist Robert Remak and are present in nerve fibers observed by him around 1838. In the peripheral nervous system, the Remak Schwann cells are more numerous than the myelinating Schwann cells.
They provide metabolic support to neurons, among other functions, but as no specific genetic markers have been detailed (at least as of 2017), there is still a large gap in understanding their biology in separation of other Schwann cells.

## Terminal Schwann cells

Terminal Schwann cells (tSCs), also called perisynaptic Schwann cells,” and “teloglia", are nonmyelinating Schwann cells present at neuromuscular junctions. It is suggested that they might play a role in forming and maintaining synapses or modulating synaptic signaling.
# John Hill (classicist)

John Hill FRSE (27 April 1747 – 7 December 1805) was a Scottish minister and Professor of Humanity at the University of Edinburgh. In 1783 he was one of the joint founders of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

## Life

He was born in St Andrews on 27 April 1747 the son of Rev John Hill (d. 1764), minister of St Andrews, and his wife Elizabeth Gowdie, daughter of John Gowdie. His mother died at or soon after his birth. His father remarried and had more children, including George Hill. He attended St Andrews Grammar School then the University of St Andrews where he graduated MA around 1767.
From 1775 until 1793 he was joint Professor of Humanity at the University of St Andrews. The University of Edinburgh awarded him an honorary doctorate (LLD) in 1787. He then moved to the University of Edinburgh as the sole Professor of Humanity.
His final years were spent at Brown Square in Edinburgh where he died on 7 December 1805. He is buried in Greyfriars Kirkyard against the western wall of the original area, north-west of the Adam mausoleum. The enclosure and monument are no longer present, but stood just south of the tablet to Sir James Hall. His house, just east of Greyfriars, was demolished in the 1860s to make way for Chambers Street.
His position at the University of Edinburgh was filled by his pupil Alexander Christison.

## Publications

* Latin Synonyms
* The Life of Hugh Blair (published 1807)

## Artistic recognition

He was portrayed around 1801 by Sir Henry Raeburn seated on Raeburn's favourite red chair. His son stands beside him.

## Family

He married Anne Macleod. Their daughter Elizabeth Hill (died 1869) married James Nairne of Claremont (1782–1847) in 1807, and their other daughter, Mary Hill (died 1857) married Thomas Guthrie Wright in 1809. He was uncle to Rev George Cook and Norman Macleod.
# The Collegian (University of Richmond)

The Collegian is the student newspaper of the University of Richmond.

## History

Founded in 1914, the publication is staffed by members of the Richmond journalism undergraduate program, and is available in online format only, having dropped its print edition in Spring 2014. There is also a digital archive of the newspaper's content from 1914 to 2013 published online by the university. The first publication at Richmond College was initiated by the Philologian Society and Mu Sigma Rho (the two literary organizations) in January 1876 as Monthly Musings, which was a monthly newspaper with a focus on literary articles, among other lesser topics. In January 1878, Monthly Musings was renamed to The Messenger. In 1914, when The Collegian was started, The Messenger fully moved to literary topics and continues today as a literary magazine at the University of Richmond.
# Friedrich Salomon Krauss

Friedrich Salomon Krauss (7 October 1859 – 29 May 1938) was a Croatian-Austrian Jewish sexologist, ethnographer, folklorist, and Slavist.

## Early life

Krauss was born in Požega, Croatia, at the time Kingdom of Hungary. In 1877–78, he attended the University of Vienna.

## Career

One of his first publications was a translation of Artemidoros' of Daldis Interpretation of Dreams, which was cited in Sigmund Freud's book The Interpretation of Dreams. He began his career as a folklorist and ethnologist.
In 1884–85, Krauss received funding from the Crown Prince Rudolf to gather folklore and ballads of the Guslar singers in Bosnia, Croatia and Herzegovina. As a result of this field research, he published a two-volume collection of fairytales, Sagen und Märchen der Südslaven.
Perhaps his most famous work was the Anthropophytia (1904–1913), a scholarly yearbook which published folklore of erotic and sexual content. In alliance with the growing psychoanalytic movement, Krauss and his colleagues felt that sexual folklore, which was generally purged from all published collections by scholars, could provide valuable information about a culture and society. He was a correspondent of Freud and used the term paraphilia to describe certain deviant sexual practices.
His research in the field of sexuality led to some conflict. In 1913 Anthropophytia was banned and Krauss was brought to trial in Berlin as a pornographer. He was convicted, which caused him a large financial loss and hurt his reputation.
Krauss lived and worked as a writer, private scholar, and translator in Vienna, Austria. His translations include Scatalogic Rites of All Nations by John Gregory Bourke. He was an elected International Member of the American Philosophical Society. He died in Vienna.
# Yezupil

Yezupil (Ukrainian: Єзупіль; Polish: Jezupol) is a rural settlement in western Ukraine. It is located in Ivano-Frankivsk Raion (district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (region), approximately 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) north of the administrative center of the oblast, Ivano-Frankivsk. Yezupil hosts the administration of Yezupil settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,753 (2022 estimate).

## History

Yezupil was previously referred to as part of the Halych county (powiat). It is also a part of the historic region of Pokuttya in Galicia.
At the turn of the century, town Jezupol (former Zhovten) was a fair size town (with its own Jewish Kahil and Roman Catholic Church and Greek Catholic Church) in Galicia/Halychyna in Austria-Hungary.
It is approximately 7 km from Halych, the former capital of the Principality of Halych Volhynia in the 10–12th centuries. In 1352–1772. it was a part of Ruthenia Voivodeship in the Kingdom of Poland. First mentioned in 1435 as Cheshybisy (Polish: Czesybiesy), up until the 16th century it was a village with a wooden fortress. When the fort was destroyed during one of the Tatar incursions, Jakub Potocki, the voivode of Wrocław and private owner of the town, renamed it Jesupol, after Jesus in 1597. In 1598, a fortress and Dominican monastery was erected, and the town developed next to it. The monastery had a rich and famous library of ancient scriptures and prints.
Upon the partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772 the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, or simply Galicia, became the largest, most populous, and northernmost province of the Austrian Empire, where it remained until the dissolution of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I.
In the prelude to the Second World War, the Molotov–Ribbentrop pact divided Poland roughly along the Curzon line. Thus, all territory east of the San, Bug and Neman rivers were annexed into the Soviet Union, approximating the former territory of East Galicia. This territory was divided into four administrative districts (oblasts): Lviv, Stanislav, Drohobych and Tarnopol (the latter including parts of Volhynia) of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Since September 17, 1939, it was a part of the Soviet Union. Since June 22, 1941, the Soviet regime discontinued when Germany had occupied East Galicia during Operation Barbarossa.
In 1945, the town became a part of the Ukrainian SSR as part of the Soviet Union; since 1991, the town has been a part of Ukraine. The first Jezupil (Jesupol) named town was renamed to Zhovten (Ukrainian: Жовтень); it received the status of an urban-type settlement in 1940. On July 9, 2003, the town was officially renamed again to Jezupil.
Until 18 July 2020, Yezupil belonged tp Tysmenytsia Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Tysmenytsia Raion was merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Yezupil was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Yezupil became a rural settlement.
# Beachcliff Market Square

Beachcliff Market Square is a mixed-use open air center situated off of Interstate 90 in Rocky River, Ohio, a suburb outside of Cleveland.
Beachcliff Market Square, the 110,000-square-foot (10,000 m$^2$) shopping center, was built in 1983 and was renovated in October 1988 to support more tenants. The center was redeveloped in November 2006 under Jeffrey R. Anderson Real Estate, Inc. and was later acquired by Madison Marquette in October 1998. Offerings from Beachcliff Market Square range from spa and salons to retail to family dentistry. The center has been growing and opened an additional three retailers in December 2010 including Girls Got Swing (a women's golf shop), Bella Bridesmaid, and Mellow Yellow (a women's accessory shop).
A defining feature of Beachcliff Market Square is the art deco Beachcliff Theater that is considered a Rocky River landmark. Beachcliff Theater was built in August 1937 and closed in the mid-1970s and reconfigured in 1985 for use as the Beachcliff Market Square Mall which has been closed since. The space was last redesigned in 2007 and how houses The Burntwood Tavern and the marquee is still lit nightly and is used for center advertising.
# Spercheides

In Greek mythology, the Spercheides (Ancient Greek: Σπερχειδες), also known as the Maliades (Μηλίδες), were naiads of the Spercheus River, in Malis. They were sometimes held to be the daughters of the river god Spercheus and the naiad Deino, although Antoninus Liberalis reported the tradition that Cerambus was punished for making this claim.

## Note

* ↑ Sophocles, Philoctetes 725
* ↑ "A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Ma, Mago, Ma'liades". www.perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2019-08-30.
* ↑ Antoninus Liberalis, 22
# Bellevue Square

Bellevue Square is a shopping center in Bellevue, Washington. The mall has over 200 retail stores with anchors Macy's and Nordstrom. Bellevue Square also offers concierge services, valet parking, and a children's play area. It and the connecting Lincoln Square comprise The Bellevue Collection.
Bellevue Square attracts over 23 million visitors annually (as of 2014) and had sales of over $1,000 per square foot in 2016.
Bellevue Square is among the minority of class A malls that are privately held and not owned by a public Real Estate Investment Trust.

## History

Bellevue Square was first opened on August 20, 1946, trading under the name "Bellevue Shopping Square", with the first suburban department store opened by Marshall Field & Co. through its Seattle-based subsidiary, Frederick & Nelson.
With the mall's name shortened to Bellevue Square a few years later, JCPenney opened a store in 1955. Nordstrom, then a local shoe store, opened in 1958, before adding apparel and becoming the third major anchor in 1966, initially under the name Nordstrom Best.
In the 1980s, the mall, then led by the original developer's son, Kemper Freeman Jr., expanded in several phases, finally adding a location for the Seattle-based department store The Bon Marché in 1984. In 1992, with the bankruptcy and closure of Frederick & Nelson and collapse of a deal to lease part of the vacated space to Saks Fifth Avenue, the center used the opportunity to reconfigure the vacant anchor as mall shop space. 1994 saw the addition of a separate The Bon Marché Home Store, while Nordstrom expanded the size of their store by half. In 2003, The Bon Marché stores were renamed Bon-Macy's, and in 2005 they adopted the name Macy's.
In 2007, Bellevue Square was linked by a skybridge to Lincoln Square, another Kemper Freeman owned property which opened in 2005 and expanded in 2017. Together, they form part of the "Bellevue Collection", which spans several blocks of Downtown Bellevue.
In September 2014, JCPenney announced that it was closing its store after staying in the mall for 55 years. The 200,000 square foot area was converted into smaller retail stores in May 2015 for the following holiday season including UNIQLO and Zara.
On May 31, 2020, much of the interior of Bellevue Square (which had been closed for two months in response to the COVID-19 pandemic) was damaged by looters in a downtown riot. Police alleged it was staged by organized gang members amid the George Floyd protests that had begun in the area. The mall was later secured by Bellevue Police and the Washington National Guard.
# Belvidere Discount Mall

Belvidere Discount Mall is a shopping mall located on Belvidere Street in Waukegan, Illinois, United States. It was one of the first shopping malls in the Chicago metropolitan area, and the first enclosed shopping mall in Lake County. Its current main anchor store is a Home Depot. The mall is notable for reinventing itself over time to remain open, with a current store mix.

## History

Belvidere Mall opened on November 18, 1965, and was Lake County's first enclosed shopping mall. At its opening, it contained 35 stores and 300,000 square feet (28,000 m$^2$). The anchor stores was Montgomery Ward department store that had formerly been in downtown Waukegan.
While the mall thrived at first, the opening of the much larger nearby Lakehurst Mall in 1971 put a serious dent in Belvidere's fortunes. In 1988, sole anchor Montgomery Ward left for Lakehurst Mall. After about seven years of being empty, Builders Square occupied the anchor spot in 1995, and was replaced with Home Depot around 2000.
The mall has been renovated twice, in 1985 and again in 1998. The mall is currently owned by Imperial Realty, who purchased it from original owners Landuau & Heyman Inc. in the fall of 1985. As part of the 1998 renovation, the mall was renamed Belvidere Discount Mall.
Today, Belvidere Mall differs from Lake County's other shopping malls, Gurnee Mills and Hawthorn Mall because all of the tenants, except for The Home Depot, are family-owned. Nearly all of them are Hispanic-owned or Hispanic-oriented. Since 2019 the mall also embraced artists and creators in Waukegan, frequently lending vacant retail spaces and its concourses for vendor fairs and popup shops.

### Belvidere Cinema

A single-screen 1,000-seat movie theater opened at the mall on January 21, 1966 with Do Not Disturb as its opening feature. It was originally operated by the General Cinema Corporation. In early 1980 the theater was twinned. The Cinema closed in 1989, with the mall in decline and General Cinema expanding the nearby Lakehurst Cinema to 12 screens.
In 1991, Imperial Realty twinned the Belvidere Cinema again to form a four-screen "miniplex" and reopened it as a discount theater. In 2002, the Belvidere Theatres joined the reopened Lakehurst Cinemas as part of the Village Theaters chain, however Village closed the Belvidere operation at the end of 2003. The theatres remained unused until hosting public tours and art exhibits in 2019 and 2020. Since November 2021 the theater functions as a DIY venue known as Belvidere Cinema Gallery with monthly revival and independent screenings, local art exhibits and occasional live music.
# India Herald

India Herald was a newspaper published in Madras, Madras Presidency, British India. It was founded by Humphreys, an Englishman. It was initially published without obtaining permission from the government, for which offense Humphreys was arrested and deported. Although arrested for unauthorised publication, he managed to escape from the ship on which he was to be deported to England.
# Biltmore Fashion Park

The Biltmore Fashion Park is an outdoor retail and dining mall located in the Biltmore District of Phoenix, Arizona, along East Camelback Rd. The Biltmore Fashion Park, as well as the surrounding business and residential district, is named after the historic Arizona Biltmore Hotel nearby.
The shopping center first opened in 1963 and underwent a major renovations in 2002, which included the addition of new stores and restaurants, as well as a redesign of the outdoor spaces. Macy's and Saks Fifth Avenue currently anchor the mall.

## History

Biltmore Fashion Park opened on 31 acres (130,000 m$^2$) of land in what was once considered the outskirts of Phoenix in 1963. The anchor stores at the mall's opening were the upscale San Francisco-based I. Magnin and Saks Fifth Avenue, joined in 1968 by Los Angeles-based The Broadway. It was the city's original luxury shopping and dining destination. The mall was designed by Welton Becket and Associates and built by the Chanen Construction Company. The original Saks Fifth Avenue (now Life Time gym) featured stone walls native to the region and concrete Native American hieroglyphics. The Broadway building, which was the first expansion of the mall, was designed by Charles Luckman and built by the Del E. Webb Corporation in 1968.
During the 1960s and 1970s, The Gittings Portrait Studio at the Biltmore photographed the likes of John Wayne, Bob Hope, Princess Grace of Monaco, Barry Goldwater, Red Skelton, Sophia Loren, and many other celebrities and well-known figures who frequented the Biltmore.
In the mid-1990s, the center was purchased by Taubman Centers for $115 million. During this period, the Biltmore underwent a transformation.
Federated Department Stores (now Macy's, Inc.) retired the I. Magnin brand in 1994; at Biltmore, Saks Fifth Avenue took over the Magnin space, which at 90,000 square feet (8,400 m$^2$), was larger than its old one (60,000 square feet (5,600 m$^2$)). Saks moved, and opened its new store on March 23, 1995.
Federated also retired The Broadway as a brand, and converted the Biltmore store, like many others, to Macy's. The center also introduced a number of new luxury retailers. The Biltmore was also chosen as one of three sites nationwide for The Galleries of Neiman Marcus; however, Neiman Marcus folded the concept two years later.
By the early 2000s, Westcor bought the shopping center, triggering a relocation project whereby the more global brands moved to Fashion Square to allow more room for "home-grown" and "fashion-forward" stores at Biltmore. The mall was renovated in 2005 at a cost of $30 million, with one-third of its retail space changing tenants as a result. At that time the mall stated that it had 610,000 sq ft (57,000 m$^2$) of retail space.
In late July 2024, the mall was sold to RED Development, a local real estate company. On November 11, 2024, the mall's new owner announced it would be redeveloped.
# Biltmore Park Town Square

Biltmore Park Town Square is an upscale new urbanist shopping center opened in mid-2009 in Asheville, North Carolina with its anchors being REI, Regal Cinemas, Barnes & Noble, with many other small shops. It was built as an outdoor "Town Center" with store fronts on the outside. Although the center opened in 2009, the YMCA and some stores began opening as early as 2005. They are still found in this center. Stores like LOFT, Orvis, and Bette can be found here along with a large hotel onsite, the Hilton. Many restaurants are in the center, including P.F. Changs, Which Wich, Luella's Bar-B-Que, Roux, Brixx Pizza, 131 Main, Hickory Tavern, Coldstone Creamery, and Nine Mile. Neighborhoods were developed around the center.

## Education

The small Asheville campus of Western Carolina University is located at Biltmore Park Town Square, while the main campus is located in Cullowhee, North Carolina, about 60 miles away. WCU's Asheville location focuses on educating part-time students in pursuit of professional and graduate degrees.

## Anchors

* Regal Cinemas
* Barnes & Noble
* REI
* YMCA
* Hilton

### Junior anchors

* LOFT
* Orvis
* Woof Gang Bakery and Grooming
# Compagnie de Calonne

The Compagnie de Calonne was the last iteration of the Compagnie des Indes, a series of French state-sponsored ventures to compete with the English East India Company and Dutch East India Company. It was established in 1785 at the initiative of Charles Alexandre de Calonne, and eventually liquidated in 1794 in the turmoil of the French Revolution.

## Overview

Following the liquidation of the French Indies Company in 1770, a new company was reconstituted in 1785,$^{:192}$ and issued 40,000 shares of stock, priced at 1,000 livres apiece. It was given monopoly on all trade with countries beyond the Cape of Good Hope$^{:192}$ for an agreed period of seven years.
Unlike the previous iterations of the French Indies Company, the new venture did not hold civil or military power in its overseas outposts, nor did it fully control the port infrastructure at Lorient which by then belonged to the French Royal Navy. Even so, it had a promising start, but that was cut short by the French Revolution. On 3 April 1790 the monopoly was abolished by an act of the new Constituent Assembly which enthusiastically declared that the lucrative Far Eastern trade would henceforth be "thrown open to all Frenchmen".$^{:192}$
The Committee of Public Safety had banned all joint-stock companies on 24 August 1793, and specifically seized the assets and papers of the East India Company. While its liquidation proceedings were being set up, directors of the company bribed various senior state officials to allow the company to carry out its own liquidation, rather than be supervised by the government. When this became known the following year, the resulting scandal led to the execution of key Montagnard deputies like Fabre d'Églantine and Joseph Delaunay, among others. The infighting sparked by the episode also brought down Georges Danton$^{:273–274}$ and can be said to have led to the downfall of the Montagnards as a whole.$^{:360–363}$