OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vadym Merdyeyev

Vadym Vadymovych Merdyeyev (Ukrainian: Вадим Вадимович Мердєєв; born 13 August 2002) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a right winger for Ukrainian club Skala 1911 Stryi.
# The Pacific Index

The Pacific Index is the student-run newspaper of Pacific University in Forest Grove, Oregon, United States. The biweekly paper is a member of the College Publisher Network.

## History

Pacific University started a campus newspaper in 1893 as a monthly paper named the Pacific University Index. By 1899, circulation for the 16-page paper had grown to 275, with a subscription costing 50 cents. The paper experimented with a "date bureau" to help students find dates, starting the program in March 1936. In 1939, The Index was selected for a second-class honor rating by the Associated Collegiate Press. Then, for the 1939 to 1940 academic year, The Index went through three editors, with freshman Don Wilson as the third taking over in January 1940.
In 1943, the paper was awarded a first-class honor rating by the Associated Collegiate Press. For the 1951 to 1952 school year, Bill Hilliard was the elected editor of the paper, which was still a weekly publication at that time. In 1965, the newspaper and school yearbook were both put under the direction of the school’s journalism department, the first time that had happened at Pacific. That year, Patricia Stephenson was selected as the editor.
The Index endorsed then U.S. Representative Robert B. Duncan over then-governor Mark Hatfield in the 1966 U.S. Senate Race, which Hatfield went on to win. The newspaper also endorsed Tom McCall for Oregon Secretary of State, and Pacific University later started an annual lecture series named in McCall’s honor. In October 2010, the Index went through a redesign as well as improvements to the associated website. The newspaper was a biweekly publication at that time.

## Details

The student newspaper is published biweekly, though stories appear online more frequently. The Index is distributed only on the college’s main campus in Forest Grove and at the school’s Health Professions Campus in Hillsboro, Oregon. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, The Pacific Index temporarily stopped production of their print issues, and moved to an online only platform. The Pacific Index Podcast was launched in 2020.
# Abdullah Frères

The Abdullah Frères (French for "Abdullah Brothers"; Turkish: Abdullah Biraderler) were a group of three Ottoman brothers of Armenian descent, Vichen Abdullahyan (1820–1902), Hovsep Abdullahyan (1830–1908), and Kevork Abdullahyan (1839–1918), photographers of international fame during the late Ottoman Empire. They took pictures of scenic views and notable individuals, including sultans. Most of their photography was taken in the Ottoman Empire.
Vichen (later known as Abdullah Şükrü after converting to Islam) began his photographic career touching up photos for Rabach, who opened his photography studio in 1856 in the Bayezid district of Constantinople. In 1858, when Vichen's younger brother Kevork returned from his studies at the Moorat-Raphael College in Venice, they and another brother, Hovsep, decided to take over Rabach's photography studio and open their own, called the Abdullah Frères. In 1867, they sold their shop in Beyazid and moved to a more favorable location in Pera. The Abdullah Frères subsequently were among the most famous photographers in the Ottoman Empire. In 1863, Sultan Abdulaziz declared the Abdullah Frères as the official court photographers and Outstanding Artists of the City, an epithet they used until the closure of the shop in 1899. In 1886, at the request of the Khedive in Egypt, they opened a branch in Cairo, Egypt.
Over their lengthy career, the Abdullah Frères photographed numerous Ottoman sultans, Ottoman statesmen such as Ibrahim Edhem Pasha and Osman Nuri Pasha, international figures such as Mark Twain, scenic views, and more.
Several collections of Abdullah Frères photographs exist around the globe. A solid body of material was recently discovered in the personal archive of Alexandra C. Vovolini. Part of her ancestors archive, this collection includes rare material.

## Gallery

* Mark Twain (1867)
* Ibrahim Edhem Pasha (circa 1877)
* Osman Nuri Pasha (around 1895)
* View of Galata Bridge
* Sultan Abdulaziz
* Sultan Abdulmecid (photo of a painting)
* Group of Circassian men with Ottoman Official
* A ceremony in Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque, Constantinople
* Portrait of the Romanian diplomat and memoirist Trandafir G. Djuvara
* Photograph of Tawfiq Pasha
* Bell of the Haghia Sophia
* The sortie of the First Mobile Artillery Bodyguard Brigade from the barracks
* Street in Galata
* Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Humayun (Imperial Tribal School)
* A dock in Büyükdere, Sarıyer, Istanbul
* The Selamlik (Sultan's procession to the mosque) at the Hamidiye Camii (mosque) on Friday
* Georgian man (1870)
* Turkish woman, full-length portrait, seated, facing front, holding parasol
* Students of Mekteb-i Aşiret-i Humayun (Imperial Tribal School)
* Rumelihisarı İskelesi
* The Port from the Galata Tower
* Holiday Workship at the Sinan Pasha Mosque
* Qerandiqo Berzeg, last leader of Circassia
* Petar Mateev, Bulgarian diplomat
# Siege of Masulipatam

The siege of Masulipatam was a British siege of the French-held town of Masulipatam in India during the Seven Years' War. The siege commenced on 6 March 1759 and lasted until the storming of the town by the British on the 7 April. The British were commanded by Colonel Francis Forde while the French defenders were under the command of Conflans.
The British taking of the town helped relieve the Siege of Madras.
# The Parthenon (newspaper)

The Parthenon is the independent student newspaper of Marshall University based in Huntington, West Virginia. The paper began publication in 1898. It currently is published in print on Wednesdays with content added daily online. It is distributed for "free" (it is funded by a fee added to tuition and by ad revenue) on the Huntington and South Charleston campuses. The Parthenon is also published online. Student reporters change every semester and are instructed by the faculty adviser in a beat reporting class within the school of journalism. Editors, staff reporters and other staff change annually or every semester. The Parthenon is advised by a professor in the journalism and mass communications department at the university, however all editorial decisions are made solely by the editorial staff. The newspaper generally covers campus news and news from the local area, sometimes mentioning state or national events.

## History

The first edition of a newspaper called The Parthenon appeared in November 1898, making it one of the oldest university newspapers in the country. A news magazine by another name predated it. The Parthenon is published online daily and in print each Wednesday of the semester. During the summer, it publishes biweekly. It is produced by student editors who are responsible for the news and editorial content.The Parthenon consistently wins awards from the West Virginia Press Association and the Society of Professional Journalists.
The editor and managing editor are chosen by a media committee and they then choose their member staff to serve as editors and staff reporters. During the regular academic year, many of the stories printed in the paper are written by students taking reporting classes thus earning students the clippings to build a professional portfolio for internships and job interviews. Non-journalism students participate by writing columns, reviews and letters to the editor, or by serving as a staff editor if they have the necessary experience.
During the second world war, The Parthenon editorial staff was almost entirely women, gaining the nickname "The Petticoat Parthenon."

## Sections

The Parthenon currently has sections in news, sports - covering all Marshall University athletics, life, and opinion. The Parthenon also previously produced video and podcast content.

## Controversies

In 1992, The Parthenon published the name of a rape victim in a 4–3 vote among the student editorial board to publish the name. The decision received considerable backlash and coverage both nationally and on Marshall's campus and the surrounding community.

## Popular culture

* The Parthenon was featured in many transitions within the ESPN documentary, Rand University, a feature-length 30 for 30 film that explores Randy Moss's origins
# The Philadelphia Public School Notebook

The Philadelphia Public School Notebook is an independent, nonprofit, free news service that serves the parents, students, teachers, school leaders, and other community members involved in Philadelphia public schools. It was created to provide a critical, progressive, and accurate source of information about the Philadelphia public school system so that community members could use that information to empower themselves as advocates for public schools.
The Notebook has two components: its print newspaper, which is published six times a year, and its news website, where it posts daily stories as well as electronic versions of its print editions.
The Notebook has been praised by The New York Times, who described its articles as "notably well written" and its former editor director, Paul Socolar, as the "journalist of the future." Philadelphia City Paper has also recognized The Notebook as "the go-to source for major education news" in Philadelphia. Herbert Kohl, a nationally acclaimed author and educator, called the Notebook "one of the leading progressive education journals in the country."
In 2020, The Notebook joined Chalkbeat to create Chalkbeat Philadelphia.

## History

The newspaper was founded in 1994 by a small group of parents and teachers, including former editor director, Paul Socolar, parent advocate and education activist Myrtle L. Naylor, Notebook cartoonist Eric Joselyn, parent advocate and organizer Helen Gym, and others. With grant money from the Bread and Roses Community Fund, the Notebook was able to publish its first issue in May 1994.

## Paper distribution

The Notebook is distributed in every district-run and charter school in the school district of Philadelphia, at all branches of the Free Library of Philadelphia, and at about 750 community sites around the city. The newspaper's expenses are covered through advertising revenue, grants, and its individual membership program.

## Website

The Notebook's website posts daily new stories from its investigative journalists. It also publishes stories and blog posts from its team of community bloggers and from other leaders in the Philadelphia education community.

## Awards and recognitions

* The Education Writers Association awarded a special citation in 2012 to Benjamin Herold, Dale Mezzacappa, Paul Socolar, and Chris Satullo (of WHYY/Newsworks) for their coverage of cheating in Pennsylvania public schools.
* Philadelphia City Paper named the Notebook one of the paper's "Big Vision" winners for 2011.
* The Education Writers Association awarded the Notebook second prize for Education Reporting in 2010.
* The Urban Education Fund awarded Paul Socolar for his leadership at the Notebook in 2005.
* The Bread and Roses Community Fund awarded the Notebook the Community Empowerment Award in 2002.
# Bala Usman

Yusufu Bala Usman (1945 – 24 September 2005) was a Nigerian historian and politician, who was one of the scholars who shaped Nigerian historiography. He was the founder of the Centre for Democratic Development, Research and Training at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

## Life

Usman was born in 1945 in Musawa in Katsina Province, Colonial Nigeria. His father was Durbin Katsina (a traditional title with kingmaker status in the Katsina Emirate) and a brother of Sarkin Katsina Usman Nagogo. His mother was a daughter of Sarkin Kano Abdullahi Bayero. He attended Musawa Junior Primary School, Kankia Senior Primary School, Minna Senior Primary School and Government College, Kaduna. He then went to study at the University Tutorial College and then at University of Lancaster where he completed his studies with a degree in History and Political Science. He returned to Nigeria in 1967 to become a teacher at Barewa College, Zaria where he taught until 1971. Usman started his graduate studies in 1970 at Ahmadu Bello University, earning his PhD degree in 1974. He started lecturing at the university as a part-time lecturer before being promoted to full-time.
During the Nigerian Second Republic, he was briefly the Secretary to the Kaduna State government under the PRP led Balarabe Musa administration.

### Academic career

Usman was a major figure among post colonial historians at Ahmadu Bello University, his outlook on African history involves support for the use of oral and linguistic sources along with written and archaeological sources. He felt all sources are subject to bias and that increased scrutiny of oral sources for distortions and colourings was not extended to many written sources by European writers. To him, the historian cannot be divorced from his education and molding as a scholar and the historicity of the European writers likely influenced some of their writings. Some of his reflections on the writing of African history includes a critique of Heinrich Barth, a respected source among Western scholars, Usman thought Barth was too focused on the physical and genetic characteristics of those he was studying which he felt was a result of the dominant traditions of nineteenth century European history writing.

## Contribution to history

Historical paradigm shift: He transformed the study of African history from a focus of tribal studies to a more dynamic understanding of identity and historical processes

### Major works

* For the Liberation of Nigeria (1979)
* The Transformation of Katsina 1400-1883 (1981)
* Nigeria against the I.M.F (1986)
* The Manipulation of Region in Nigeria (1987)
* Co-author of Minority Report and Draft Consultation for the Federal Republic of Nigeria(2019)
* Edited Several Significant Historical works.

## Key position and organisations

* Director of Research for the people's redemption party.
* Contributed to various governmental committees and was involved in international deplomacy.
* Participated in the Nigerian Labour Congress and other political movements.

## Family

Usman left behind a wife and six children upon his death.
# The Pitch (newspaper)

The Pitch is a free alternative newspaper distributed in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, including Lawrence and Topeka, Kansas. While known for its investigative stories of the local government, it also covers local sports stories, restaurants, events, visual art, and concerts. It was started in July 1980 as the Penny Pitch, which was a monthly handout at Penny Lane Record Shop in the Westport area of Kansas City. The original editors were Dwight Frizzell and Jay Mandeville.
Village Voice Media bought The Pitch in 1999, and sold the paper in 2011 to SouthComm Communications. In 2017 The Pitch was sold to Stephanie Carey and Adam Carey.
The Pitch is a member of the Association of Alternative Newsweeklies.

## Staff

* Editor - Brock Wilbur
* Publisher - Stephanie Carey
# Salmon Run Mall

The Salmon Run Mall is a shopping center located in Watertown, New York. The mall features JCPenney, Burlington, Hobby Lobby, and Best Buy, in addition to a Regal Cinemas.

## History

One of the original anchor stores was a branch for regional Chappell's, which closed in 1993 when the chain entered bankruptcy. It was remodeled that same year and became The Bon-Ton.
Another anchor store that built on in the mid-1990's was Montgomery Ward, which closed and became Burlington in 2001.
On April 17, 2018 it was announced department store retailer The Bon-Ton would shutter after it wasn't able to establish any new conditions to satisfy its established long-term debt. Potential replacement tenants have been rumored in discussion since 2019.
In 2019, it was announced Hobby Lobby would be replacing Sears which would shutter as part of an ongoing decision to eliminate its traditional brick-and-mortar format. The store opened in 2020.
On June 29, 2023, it was announced Christmas Tree Shops would be shuttering all locations after it wasn't able to satisfy their long-term established debt due to recent ongoing supply chain shortages.
On April 4, 2024, it was announced that Dick's Sporting Goods would relocate to Towne Center Plaza on April 17. On April 11, 2024, it was announced that Burlington would be relocated to the former TJ Maxx at the Price Chopper Plaza.
# Sophie of Landsberg

Sophie of Landsberg (Polish: Sophie z Landsberg, German: Sophie von Landsberg) (ca. 1259 – 24 August 1318) was a princess from the Holy Roman Empire. She was a member of the House of Wettin and by marriage Duchess of Glogów.
She was the eldest child and eldest daughter of Dietrich the Wise, Margrave of Landsberg, by his wife Helena, daughter of John I, Margrave of Brandenburg.

## Life

On 24 October 1266 was issued in Augsburg by Duke Louis II of Upper Bavaria a settlement, under which he pledged several possessions on behalf of his ward and nephew Conradin, King of Sicily and Jerusalem. This action was made in order to pay the expenses incurred in connection of the marriage celebrated between Conradin and Sophie, who took place by the end of October and early September of that year, possibly in the city of Bamberg or Nürnberg. The union was celebrated by proxy (desponsatio per procuratinem), because the fourteen-years-old King was absent at that moment. In his place, Duke Louis II stood as groom and signed the marriage contract.
Conradin never saw his bride: soon after the marriage, he departed with his friend Frederick I, Margrave of Baden to Italy with the purpose to recover his rights over Frederick II's inheritance, and two years later, on 29 October 1268, the last legitimate male member of the House of Hohenstaufen was beheaded in the Piazza del Mercato of Naples.
The validity of Conradin and Sophie's marriage is still disputed by historians. According to some of them, the contract signed by Louis II was only a betrothal and not truly a marriage ceremony, because Sophie was still a child at that time (she was almost seven-years-old) and Conradin never saw her; this is supported by the fact that the chronicler Bartholomaeus of Neocastro found a message of Conradin to Giovanni Frangipani, in whose castle he refuged after the Battle of Tagliacozzo, in which he promised to marry with his daughter in exchange for his help against Charles I of Anjou. However, other historians support the idea that Sophie and Conradin were, in fact, legally married, because the contract signed by Louis II was clearly a marriage by proxy with all the legal obligations.
In 1271, the twelve-years-old Sophie married with Konrad I, Duke of Glogów, an almost forty-years-old widower. They had no children.
After Konrad I's death in 1274, Sophie returned to her homeland and became a nun in the monastery of St. Clara in Weissenfels, where she later was elected Abbess. Sophie held this post until her death.
# Rimjhim Gupta

Rimjhim Gupta is an Indian actress and model who appears in Bengali cinema. She is the daughter of actress Moumita Gupta.

## Career

Rimjhim Gupta made her debut in the Bengali film Raasta (2003). She then went on to work in numerous Bengali films such as Pita (2006), Hatey Roilo Pistol (2011), Bedeni (2011), Holud Pakhir Dana (2013) and Kaal Madhumas (2013). She later appeared in the Bengali television series Roilo Pherar Nimontron (2011) and Jiyon Kathi (2014). She then played a role in the Zee Bangla television series Uma (2021).

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2003 | Raasta | | Debut |
| 2003 | Bhalo Theko | | |
| 2004 | Barood | Basak's younger sister | |
| 2004 | Akritagya | | |
| 2004 | Raja Babu | | |
| 2005 | Til Theke Tal | | |
| 2005 | Tobu Bhalobasi | | |
| 2006 | Pita | | |
| 2006 | Swarthopar | | |
| 2006 | Bhumiputra | | |
| 2007 | Ratbhor | | |
| 2008 | Tumi Kar | Chandra Roy | |
| 2009 | Maati -O- Manush | | |
| 2009 | Houseful | Nandita | |
| 2009 | Siddhanta | | |
| 2009 | Chorabali | | |
| 2010 | Mahanagari | | |
| 2011 | Bedeni | Jhumri | |
| 2011 | Hatey Roilo Pistol | | |
| 2011 | Kagojer Bou | Shreya | |
| 2011 | Anterdaho | | |
| 2011 | Rong Berong | Aritri | |
| 2013 | Holud Pakhir Dana | Saheli Mitra | |
| 2013 | Kaal Madhumas | Swati | |
| 2013 | Chora Bali | | |
| 2015 | Maya | | |
| 2017 | Adhunik | | |
| 2023 | Ajana Nesha | | |

## Television

| Year | Series | Role | Channels |
| 2010 | Roilo Pherar Nimontron | | Star Jalsha |
| 2019– 2021 | Jiyon Kathi | Rai Chatterjee | Sun Bangla |
| 2021 | Sundari | Sandya Mitra | Sun Bangla |
| 2021– 2022 | Uma | Swastika Chakrabarty (née Acharya) aka Piu | Zee Bangla |
| 2022 | Alor Theekana | Sabitri | Sun Bangla |
| 2024 | Kajol Nodir Jole | Arjun's aunt | Zee Bangla |
# Raghuvanahalli, Bengaluru East

Raghuvanahalli is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Raghuvanahalli village is located in Bangalore East taluka of Bangalore Urban district in Karnataka, India. It is situated 14 km away from Krishnarajapuram and around 14 km from Hoskote. As per 2009 stats, Mandur is the gram panchayat of Raghuvanahalli village.

## Demographics

According to 2011 census of India information the location code or village code of Raghuvanahalli village is 613092. The total geographical area of the village is 112.95 hectares. Raghuvanahalli has a total population of 142 people, out out of which male population is 73 while female population is 69. The Literacy rate of raghuvanahalli village is 64.79% out of which 63.01% males and 66.67% females are literate. There are about 29 houses in raghuvanahalli village. Pincode of Raghuvanahalli village locality is 562129.

## Facilities

Raghuvanahalli has below basic types of facilities.
* Stree Shakti Bhavana

## Places of Worship

* Shri Kashi Vishweshwara Temple
* Shiva Temple
* Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Temple
* Dattatreya temple
# Tadano Kōgyō Kōkō no Nichijō

Tadano Kōgyō Kōkō no Nichijō (只野工業高校の日常, lit. "Daily Lives of Tadano Technical High School") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Chisato Oga. It was originally published as a webcomic on the author's Twitter account in September 2017. A one-shot was later published in Shueisha's seinen manga magazine Ultra Jump in December 2018. It later began serialization in the same magazine in July 2019.

## Publication

Written and illustrated by Chisato Oga, Tadano Kōgyō Kōkō no Nichijō was originally published as a webcomic on Oga's Twitter account on September 24, 2017. A one-shot was published in Shueisha's seinen manga magazine Ultra Jump on December 19, 2018. It later began serialization in the same magazine on July 19, 2019. The series' chapters have been compiled into twelve tankōbon volumes as of February 2025.
| No. | Release date | ISBN |
| 1 | January 17, 2020 | 978-4-08-891475-6 |
| 2 | August 19, 2020 | 978-4-08-891628-6 |
| 3 | November 19, 2020 | 978-4-08-891749-8 |
| 4 | June 18, 2021 | 978-4-08-891874-7 |
| 5 | October 19, 2021 | 978-4-08-892128-0 |
| 6 | April 19, 2022 | 978-4-08-892254-6 |
| 7 | September 16, 2022 | 978-4-08-892444-1 |
| 8 | April 18, 2023 | 978-4-08-892669-8 |
| 9 | October 19, 2023 | 978-4-08-892831-9 |
| 10 | February 19, 2024 | 978-4-08-893129-6 |
| 11 | July 18, 2024 | 978-4-08-893310-8 |
| 12 | February 18, 2025 | 978-4-08-893562-1 |

## Reception

The series was nominated for the sixth Next Manga Awards in 2020 in the print category, and was ranked tenth out of 50 nominees. The series won the grand prize at NTT Solmare's "Minna ga Erabu!! Denshi Comic Taishō 2022" competition in 2022.